Digest of Education Statistics, 2005

U.S. Department of Education Institute of Education Sciences NCES 2006-030

Digest of Education Statistics 2005

Digest of Education Statistics 2005 U.S. Department of Education NCES 2006-030

July 2006

Thomas D. Snyder National Center for Education Statistics

Alexandra G. Tan American Institutes for Research

Charlene M. Hoffman Consultant

U.S. Department of Education Margaret Spellings Secretary Institute of Education Sciences Grover J. Whitehurst Director National Center for Education Statistics Mark Schneider Commissioner The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is the primary federal entity for collecting, analyzing, and reporting data related to education in the United States and other nations. It fulfills a congressional mandate to collect, collate, analyze, and report full and complete statistics on the condition of education in the United States; conduct and publish reports and specialized analyses of the meaning and significance of such statistics; assist state and local education agencies in improving their statistical systems; and review and report on education activities in foreign countries. NCES activities are designed to address high-priority education data needs; provide consistent, reliable, complete, and accurate indicators of education status and trends; and report timely, useful, and highquality data to the U.S. Department of Education, the Congress, the states, other education policymakers, practitioners, data users, and the general public. Unless specifically noted, all information contained herein is in the public domain. We strive to make our products available in a variety of formats and in language that is appropriate to a variety of audiences. You, as our customer, are the best judge of our success in communicating information effectively. If you have any comments or suggestions about this or any other NCES product or report, we would like to hear from you. Please direct your comments to National Center for Education Statistics Institute of Education Sciences U.S. Department of Education 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006-5651 July 2006 The NCES World Wide Web Home Page address is http://nces.ed.gov. The NCES World Wide Web Electronic Catalog is http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch. Suggested Citation Snyder, T.D., Tan, A.G., and Hoffman, C.M. (2006). Digest of Education Statistics 2005 (NCES 2006-030). U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. For ordering information on this report, write to U.S. Department of Education ED Pubs P.O. Box 1398 Jessup, MD 20794-1398 Call toll free 1-877-4ED-Pubs or order online at http://www.edpubs.org. Content Contact Thomas D. Snyder (202) 502-7452 [email protected]

FOREWORD The 2005 edition of the Digest of Education Statistics is the 41st in a series of publications initiated in 1962. The Digest has been issued annually except for combined editions for the years 1977–78, 1983–84, and 1985–86. Its primary purpose is to provide a compilation of statistical information covering the broad field of American education from prekindergarten through graduate school. The Digest includes a selection of data from many sources, both government and private, and draws especially on the results of surveys and activities carried out by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). To qualify for inclusion in the Digest, material must be nationwide in scope and of current interest and value. The publication contains information on a variety of subjects in the field of education statistics, including the number of schools and colleges, teachers, enrollments, and graduates, in addition to educational attainment, finances, federal funds for education, libraries, and international comparisons. Supplemental information on population trends, attitudes on education, education characteristics of the labor force, government finances, and economic trends provides background for evaluating education data. Although the Digest contains important information on federal education funding, more detailed information on federal activities is available from federal education program offices. The Digest contains seven chapters: All Levels of Education, Elementary and Secondary Education, Postsecondary Education, Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities, Outcomes of Education, International Comparisons of Education, and Libraries and Educational Technology. Preceding these chapters is an introduction that provides a brief overview of current trends in American education, which supplements the tabular materials in chapters 1 through 7. The Digest concludes with an appendix that is divided into several sections. The Guide to Sources provides a brief synopsis of the surveys used to generate the tabulations for the Digest. Also, a Definitions section is included to help readers understand terms used in the Digest.

In addition to updating many of the statistics that have appeared in previous years, this edition contains new material, including • children’s mean mental and motor scale score at about 9 months of age and the percentage possessing specific mental and motor skills, by child and family characteristics (table 39); • mean reading scale scores and percentage reading sight words for fall 1998 first-time kindergartners through the third grade, by time of assessment and selected child, family, and early school experience characteristics (table 44); • mean math and science scale scores and percentage with addition and subtraction skills for fall 1998 first-time kindergartners through the third grade, by time of assessment and selected child, family, and early school experience characteristics (table 45); • number and percentage of public elementary and secondary schools with students enrolled in distance education courses and enrollment in distance education courses, by instructional level and district characteristics (table 56); and • public high schools that offered and students enrolled in dual credit, Advanced Placement, and International Baccalaureate courses, by school characteristics (table 136). Beginning in 2005, updates to some tables from the Digest of Education Statistics appear on the NCES website prior to printing. The Digest and other NCES reports can be accessed from http://nces.ed.gov. Val Plisko Associate Commissioner Early Childhood, International, and Crosscutting Studies Division

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many people have contributed in one way or another to the development of the Digest of Education Statistics 2005. Thomas D. Snyder was responsible for the overall development and preparation of this edition of the Digest, which was prepared under the general direction of Val Plisko. William Sonnenberg and Catherine Freeman provided statistical computing consultation. The following people from the American Institutes for Research (AIR) contributed to the report. Alexandra Tan managed the table update and review process. Richa Arora, Juliana Bonilla, Sanyu Kibuka, Charmaine Llagas, and Mary Jo Metzler updated and formatted tables. Charlene M. Hoffman, a consultant, was responsible for Chapter 4, Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities, and for tables on degrees conferred. Ramani Kotaru reviewed the report and table updates for accuracy. Elizabeth Osterman provided assistance with updating tables and managing the review process. Mary Ann Fox, Angelina KewalRamani, and Amy Rathbun provided additional programming support. Mary Jo Metzler prepared the Guide to Sources. Paul Bailey assisted with programming the database for tracking reviews and updates. Nancy Rhyne formatted tables, and Michael Rollins updated figures. Sally Dillow oversaw incorporation of final

review comments as well as production of the print volume, and Thomas Nachazel provided proofreading support. Michael Stock of MacroSys Research and Technology desktopped the volume under the supervision of Kalle Medhurst. Chris Stahnke of Kforce Government Solutions prepared the website. This year’s edition of the Digest has received extensive reviews by many individuals within and outside the U.S. Department of Education. We wish to thank them for their time and expert advice. Marilyn Seastrom, Chief Statistician of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), supervised the review of the publication. Duc-Le To of the Institute of Education Sciences reviewed the publication. NCES staff who reviewed portions of the manuscript were Samuel Barbett, Stephen Broughman, Kathryn Chandler, Chris Chapman, Kerry Gruber, Frank Johnson, Jeffrey Owings, Peggy Quinn, Sabrina Ratchford, Quansheng Shen, John Sietsema, Bill Tirre, and Jeffrey Williams. Kevin Bromer, Young Chun, Rachel Dinkes, Lauren Gilbertson, Stephen Mistler, Melanie Ouellette, Michelle Robinson, Alison Slade, Rob Stillwell, Aparna Sundaram, Jed Tank, Todd Thomas, and Zeyu Xu of AIR assisted with the technical review of the document.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

v

Contents Page Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

iii

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

v

List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

viii

List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ix

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

Guide to Tabular Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5

Chapter 1. All Levels of Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

Chapter 2. Elementary and Secondary Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

53

Chapter 3. Postsecondary Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

277

Chapter 4. Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

573

Chapter 5. Outcomes of Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

609

Chapter 6. International Comparisons of Education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

633

Chapter 7. Libraries and Educational Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

669

Appendix A. Guide to Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

689

B. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

725

C. Index of Table Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

739

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

vii

viii

LIST OF FIGURES

List of Figures 1.

The structure of education in the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9

2.

Enrollment, total expenditures in constant dollars, and expenditures as a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP), by level of education: 1960–61 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10

Percentage of persons 25 years old and over, by highest level of educational attainment: 1940 through 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11

Percentage of persons 25 through 29 years old, by highest level of educational attainment: 1940 through 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11

5.

Highest level of education attained by persons 25 years old and over: March 2005 . . . . . . . . . . .

12

6.

Enrollment, number of teachers, pupil/teacher ratio, and expenditures in public schools: 1960–61 through 2003–04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

56

7.

Total and full-day preprimary enrollment of 3- to 5-year-olds: October 1970 through October 2004

57

8.

Percentage change in public elementary and secondary enrollment, by state: Fall 1998 to fall 2003

57

9.

Sources of revenue for public elementary and secondary schools: 1970–71 through 2002–03 . . .

58

10.

Current expenditure per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools: 1970–71 through 2002–03. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

58

Enrollment, degrees conferred, and expenditures in degree-granting institutions: 1960–61 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

280

Percentage change in total enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by state: Fall 1998 through fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

281

13.

Enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by age: Fall 1970 through fall 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

281

14.

Full-time-equivalent (FTE) students per staff member in public and private degree-granting institutions: 1976 and 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

282

15.

Trends in bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions in selected fields of study: 1993–94, 1998–99, and 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

282

16.

Sources of current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions: 2000–01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

283

17.

Sources of total revenue of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . .

283

18.

Federal on-budget funds for education, by level or other educational purpose: Selected years, 1965 through 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

582

19.

Percentage of federal on-budget funds for education, by agency: Fiscal year 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . .

582

20.

Department of Education outlays, by type of recipient: Fiscal year 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

583

21.

Labor force participation rate of persons 20 years old and over, by age and highest level of education: 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

610

22.

Unemployment rates of persons 25 years old and over, by highest level of education: 2004 . . . . .

611

23.

Labor force status of 2003–04 high school dropouts and completers not enrolled in college: October 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

611

Median annual income of persons 25 years old and over, by highest level of education and sex: 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

612

Salaries of recent bachelor’s degree recipients 1 year after graduation, by field: 1991, 1994, and 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

612

Percentage change in enrollment, by selected areas of the world and level of education: 1990 through 1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

635

Bachelor’s degree recipients as a percentage of the population of the typical ages of graduation, by country: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

635

Public direct expenditures for education as a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP), by country: 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

636

Percentage of all public schools and instructional rooms with internet access: Fall 1994 through fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

670

3. 4.

11. 12.

24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

LIST OF TABLES

ix

List of Tables Chapter 1. All Levels of Education Enrollment, Teachers, and Schools 1.

Projected number of participants in educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Fall 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

2.

Enrollment in educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, fall 1980 through fall 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

3.

Enrollment in educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, 1869–70 through fall 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14

4.

Number of teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and instructional staff in postsecondary degree-granting institutions, by control of institution: Selected years, fall 1970 through fall 2014

16

Number of educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17

5.

Enrollment Rates 6. 7.

Percentage of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by sex, race/ethnicity, and age: Selected years, 1980 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18

Percentage of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by age group: Selected years, 1940 through 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

Educational Attainment 8.

Percentage of persons age 25 and over and 25 to 29, by race/ethnicity, years of school completed, and sex: Selected years, 1910 through 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

9.

Number of persons age 18 and over, by highest level of education attained, age, sex, and race/ ethnicity: 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24

10.

Persons age 18 and over who hold at least a bachelor’s degree in specific fields of study, by sex, race/ethnicity, and age: 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

11.

Educational attainment of persons 18 years old and over, by state: Selected years, 1994 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27

12.

Educational attainment of persons 25 years old and over, by race/ethnicity and state: April 1990 and April 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28

13.

Educational attainment of persons 25 years old and over for the 25 largest states, by sex: 2004

30

14.

Educational attainment of persons 25 years old and over for the 15 largest metropolitan areas, by sex: 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31

Population 15.

Estimates of resident population, by age group: 1970 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32

16.

Estimates of resident population, by race/ethnicity and age group: Selected years, 1980 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33

17.

Estimated total and school-age resident populations, by state: Selected years, 1970 through 2004

34

Characteristics of Families With Children 18.

Number and percentage of families, by family status and presence of own children under 18: Selected years, 1970 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35

19.

Characteristics of families with own children under 18, by race/ethnicity and family structure: 2004

36

20.

Household income and poverty rates, by state: 1990, 2000, and 2002–2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37

21.

Poverty status of persons, families, and children under age 18, by race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1959 through 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

x

LIST OF TABLES

Opinions on Education 22.

Average grade that the public would give the public schools in their community and in the nation at large: 1974 through 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41

23.

Percentage of elementary and secondary school children whose parents were involved in school activities, by selected child, parent, and school characteristics: 1999 and 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42

Percentage of kindergartners through fifth-graders whose parents were involved in educationrelated activities, by selected child, parent, and school characteristics: 1999 and 2003 . . . . . . . .

43

Expenditures of educational institutions related to the gross domestic product, by level of institution: Selected years, 1929–30 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44

26.

Expenditures of educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, 1899–1900 through 2003–04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45

27.

Governmental expenditures, by level of government and function: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46

28.

Direct general expenditures of state and local governments for all functions and for education, by level of education and state: 2001–02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47

29.

Direct general expenditures per capita of state and local governments for all functions and for education, by level of education and state: 2001–02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

48

30.

Gross domestic product, state and local expenditures, personal income, disposable personal income, median family income, and population: Selected years, 1929 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . .

49

31.

Gross domestic product price index, Consumer Price Index, education price indexes, and federal budget composite deflator: Selected years, 1919 to 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

50

24.

Finances 25.

Chapter 2. Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment 32.

Historical summary of public elementary and secondary school statistics: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

59

33.

Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990 through 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

61

34.

Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by level, grade, and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

63

35.

Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by level, grade, and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

65

36.

Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade: Fall 1989 through fall 2003 . . .

67

37.

Average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

68

Percentage distribution of enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by race/ ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: Fall 1993 and fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

69

Percentage of children demonstrating specific cognitive and motor skills, by child’s age at assessment: 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

70

Enrollment of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children in preprimary programs, by level of program, control of program, and attendance status: Selected years, 1965 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71

Average hours in center-based programs, by child and family characteristics, and percentage distribution of preschool children under 6 years old, by type of primary nonparental care arrangement: 2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

73

42.

Child care arrangements of preschool children, by age and race/ethnicity: 1991, 1995, 1999, and 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

74

43.

Children of prekindergarten through second-grade age, by enrollment status, maternal characteristics, and household income: 1995, 1999, and 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

75

38. 39. 40. 41.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

LIST OF TABLES

44.

xi

Mean reading scale scores and percentage sight reading for fall 1998 first-time kindergartners, by time of assessment and selected child, family, and early school experience characteristics: Selected years, fall 1998 through spring 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

76

Mean math and science scale scores and percentage with addition and subtraction skills for fall 1998 first-time kindergartners, by time of assessment and selected child, family, and early school experience characteristics: Selected years, fall 1998 through spring 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

77

Percentage of 3- to 5-year-olds not yet enrolled in kindergarten who have participated in home literacy activities with a family member, by type of activity and selected child and family characteristics: 1993, 1999, and 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

78

47.

Percentage distribution of first-time kindergartners, by number of children’s books in the home, and number of times each week family members read books to them, by selected characteristics: Fall 1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

79

48.

Percentage distribution of kindergarten teachers and parents indicating the importance of various factors for kindergarten readiness, by control: Fall 1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

79

49.

Percentage distribution of kindergarten teachers’ time spent on certain instructional approaches, by control and program: Fall 1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

80

50.

Children 3 to 21 years old served in federally supported programs for the disabled, by type of disability: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

81

51.

Percentage distribution of disabled students 6 to 21 years old receiving education services for the disabled, by educational environment and type of disability: Fall 1989 through fall 2004 . . . . . . .

82

52.

Number and percentage of children served under Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Part B, by age group and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . .

83

53.

Number and percentage of gifted and talented students in public elementary and secondary schools, by sex and state: 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

85

54.

Enrollment in grades 9 to 12 in public and private schools compared with population 14 to 17 years of age: Selected years, 1889–90 through fall 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

86

55.

Enrollment in foreign language courses compared with enrollment in grades 9 to 12 in public secondary schools: Selected years, fall 1948 through fall 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

87

56.

Number and percentage of schools with students enrolled in distance education courses and enrollment in distance education courses, by instructional level and district characteristics: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

88

45.

46.

Private Elementary and Secondary Schools 57. 58. 59. 60. 61.

Private elementary and secondary enrollment, teachers, and schools, by orientation of private schools and selected school characteristics: Fall 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

89

Private elementary and secondary school staff and student to staff ratios, by school level, orientation of school, and type of staff: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

90

Private elementary and secondary enrollment and schools, by level, orientation of school, and amount of tuition: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

92

Summary statistics on Catholic elementary and secondary schools, by level: Selected years, 1919–20 through 2004–05. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

93

Private elementary and secondary schools, enrollment, teachers, and high school graduates, by state: Selected years, 1991 through 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

94

Teachers and Other Staff 62. 63. 64. 65.

Public elementary and secondary pupil/teacher ratios, by enrollment size, type, and level of school: Fall 1987 through fall 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

95

Public and private elementary and secondary teachers, enrollment, and pupil/teacher ratios: Selected years, fall 1955 through fall 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

96

Public elementary and secondary teachers, by level and state or jurisdiction: Fall 1998 through fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

97

Teachers, enrollment, and pupil/teacher ratios in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 1998 through fall 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

98

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

xii

LIST OF TABLES

66.

Highest degree earned and years of full-time teaching experience for teachers in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100

67.

Highest degree earned, years of full-time teaching experience, and average class size for teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1999–2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

102

68.

Selected characteristics of public school teachers: Selected years, spring 1961 through spring 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

104

69.

Public secondary school teachers, by subject taught: Selected years, spring 1966 through spring 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

105

70.

Percentage of vocational and nonvocational public school teachers of grades 9 to 12, by selected demographic and educational characteristics: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

106

71.

Teachers’ perceptions about serious problems in their schools, by control and level of school: 1993–94 and 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

107

72.

Teachers’ perceptions about teaching and school conditions, by control and level of school: 1993–94 and 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

108

73.

Mobility of public and private elementary and secondary teachers, by selected teacher and school characteristics: Selected years, 1987–88 through 2000–01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

109

74.

Average base salary for full-time teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by highest degree earned and years of full-time teaching: 1990–91, 1993–94, and 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . .

111

75.

Average salaries for full-time teachers in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

113

76.

Estimated average annual salary of teachers in public elementary and secondary schools: Selected years, 1959–60 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

115

77.

Estimated average annual salary of teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

116

78.

Staff employed in public elementary and secondary school systems, by functional area: Selected years, 1949–50 through fall 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

117

79.

Staff employed in public school systems, by type of assignment and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2003

119

80.

Staff employed in public school systems, by type of assignment and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2002

121

81.

Staff and teachers in public elementary and secondary school systems, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 1997 through fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

123

82.

Staff, enrollment, and pupil/staff ratios in public elementary and secondary school systems, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 1997 through fall 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

125

83.

Principals in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1993–94 and 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

127

Schools and School Districts 84.

Number of public school districts and public and private elementary and secondary schools: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

129

85.

Number of regular public school districts, by enrollment size of district: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

130

86.

Number of public elementary and secondary education agencies, by type of agency and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03 and 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

131

87.

Public elementary and secondary students, schools, pupil/teacher ratios, and finances, by type of locale: 2002–03 and 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

133

88.

Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

135

89.

Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

148

90.

Enrollment, poverty, and federal funds for the 100 largest school districts, by enrollment size: Selected years, 2001–02 through 2005–06 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

160

Public elementary and secondary schools, by type of school: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

163

91.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

LIST OF TABLES

92.

xiii

Number and percentage distribution of public elementary and secondary schools and enrollment, by type and enrollment size of school: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

164

93.

Average enrollment and percentage distribution of public elementary and secondary schools, by type and size: Selected years, 1982–83 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

165

94.

Public elementary and secondary school students, by racial/ethnic enrollment concentration of school: Fall 1998 and fall 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

166

95.

Public elementary and secondary schools, by type and state or jurisdiction: 1990–91, 2000–01, and 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

167

96.

Public elementary schools, by grade span, average school size, and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04

169

97.

Public secondary schools, by grade span, average school size, and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04

171

98.

Public charter schools and students, by school origin status and selected school characteristics: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

173

99.

Traditional public and public charter elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics and percentage distribution: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

174

Percentage of public schools with building deficiencies and renovation plans, by level, enrollment size, metropolitan status, and free lunch eligibility: 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

176

100.

High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts 101.

High school graduates, by sex and control of school: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2004–05

102.

Public high school graduates, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2003–04

179

103.

Public high school graduates and dropouts, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02 . .

181

104.

General Educational Development (GED) test takers and credentials issued, by age: 1971 through 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

183

Percentage of high school dropouts (status dropouts) among persons 16 to 24 years old, by sex and race/ethnicity: 1960 through 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

184

106.

Percentage of high school dropouts (status dropouts) among persons 16 to 24 years old, by income level, and percentage distribution of dropouts, by labor force status and educational attainment: 1970 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

186

107.

Number of students with disabilities exiting special education, by basis of exit, age, and type of disability: United States and other jurisdictions, 2001–02 and 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

187

105.

178

Educational Achievement 108.

Average reading scale score, by age and selected student and school characteristics: Selected years, 1971 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

188

109.

Student scale score in reading, by age and percentile: Selected years, 1971 through 2004. . . . . .

190

110.

Average reading scale score, by age and amount of time spent on reading and homework: Selected years, 1984 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

191

Percentage of students at or above selected reading score levels, by age, sex, and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1971 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

193

Average scale score in reading and percentage of 4th-graders in public schools attaining reading achievement levels, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1994 through 2005

195

Average scale score in reading and percentage of 8th-graders in public schools attaining reading achievement levels, by locale and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1998 through 2005 . . . . .

197

Percentage of students at or above selected writing proficiency levels, by grade level and selected student characteristics: 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

199

Percentage of students at or above selected U.S. history proficiency levels, by grade level and selected student characteristics: 2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

200

Average student scale score in geography and U.S. history, by grade level and selected student characteristics: 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

201

Percentage of students at or above selected geography proficiency levels, by grade level and selected student characteristics: 2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

202

111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

xiv

LIST OF TABLES

118.

Average scale score in mathematics, by age and selected student and school characteristics: Selected years, 1973 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

203

119.

Percentage of students at or above selected mathematics proficiency levels, by age, sex, and race/ ethnicity: Selected years, 1978 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

204

120.

Mathematics performance of 17-year-olds, by highest mathematics course taken, sex, and race/ ethnicity: Selected years, 1978 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

206

Average scale score in mathematics, percentage attaining mathematics achievement levels, and selected statistics on mathematics education of 4th-graders in public schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1992 through 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

207

122.

Average scale score in mathematics and percentage attaining mathematics achievement levels of 8th-graders in public schools, by level of parental education and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990 through 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

209

123.

Selected statistics on mathematics education for public school students, by state or jurisdiction: 2000, 2003, and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

211

121.

124.

Average scale score in science for 8th-graders in public schools, by selected student characteristics, region, and state or jurisdiction: 1996 and 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

213

125.

Average arts scale score of 8th-grade students, by topic and selected student characteristics: 1997

215

126.

SAT score averages of college-bound seniors, by race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1986–87 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

216

127.

SAT score averages of college-bound seniors, by sex: 1966–67 through 2004–05. . . . . . . . . . . . .

217

128.

SAT score averages of college-bound seniors, by selected student characteristics: Selected years, 1995–96 through 2004–05. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

218

129.

SAT score averages of college-bound seniors, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1987–88 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

220

130.

ACT score averages and standard deviations, by selected characteristics, sex, and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1995 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

221

131.

Percentage distribution of elementary and secondary school children, by average grades and selected child and school characteristics: 1996, 1999, and 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

222

132.

Average number of Carnegie units earned by public high school graduates in various subject fields, by selected student characteristics: Selected years, 1982 through 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

223

133.

Average number of Carnegie units earned by public high school graduates in vocational education courses, by selected student characteristics: Selected years, 1982 through 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . .

225

134.

Percentage of public high school graduates taking selected mathematics and science courses in high school, by sex and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1982 through 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

227

135.

Percentage of public high school graduates earning minimum credits in selected combinations of academic courses, by sex and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1982 through 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . .

228

136.

Public high schools that offered and students enrolled in dual credit, Advanced Placement, and International Baccalaureate courses, by school characteristics: 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

229

Student Activities and Behavior 137.

Percentage of high school sophomores who say they engage in various activities, by selected student and school characteristics: 1990 and 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

230

138.

Percentage of high school sophomores who participate in various school-sponsored extracurricular activities, by selected student characteristics: 1990 and 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

231

139.

Percentage distribution of 4th-graders, by time spent on homework and television viewing each day and selected student and school characteristics: Selected years, 1992 through 2000 . . . . . . . . .

232

140.

Tenth-graders’ attendance patterns, by selected student and school characteristics: 1990 and 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

233

141.

Number and percentage of public schools reporting crime incidents, by school characteristics and seriousness of crime incidents reported: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

234

Percentage of schools with various security measures, by control and selected characteristics: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

238

142.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

LIST OF TABLES

143.

xv

Number of students suspended and expelled from public elementary and secondary schools, by sex, percentage of enrollment, and state: 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

239

144.

Percentage of students in grades 9 through 12 who reported experience with drugs and violence on school property, by race/ethnicity, grade, and sex: Selected years, 1997 through 2003. . . . . .

240

145.

Percentage of 12- to 17-year-olds reporting drug use during the past 30 days and past year, by drug used: Selected years, 1982 through 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

241

Percentage of high school seniors reporting drug use, by type of drug and frequency of use: Selected years, 1975 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

242

146.

State Regulations 147.

Age range for compulsory school attendance, special education services, year-round schools, and kindergarten programs, by state: 1997, 2000, and 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

244

148.

State requirements for high school graduation, in Carnegie units: 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

246

149.

States that use criterion-referenced assessments aligned to state standards, by subject area and level, and state: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

249

States using minimum-competency testing, by grade levels assessed, expected uses of standards, and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

250

States requiring testing for initial certification of teachers, by skills or knowledge assessment and state: 2004 and 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

251

150. 151.

Revenues and Expenditures 152.

Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source of funds: Selected years, 1919–20 through 2002–03. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

252

Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

253

Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

254

155.

Funds and staff for state education agencies, by source of funding and state: 1992–93 . . . . . . . .

255

156.

Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose: Selected years, 1919–20 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

256

157.

Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

257

158.

Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

259

159.

Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

261

160.

Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and subfunction: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

263

161.

Expenditures for instruction in public elementary and secondary schools, by subfunction and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02 and 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

265

162.

Total and current expenditure per pupil in public elementary and secondary schools: Selected years, 1919–20 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

266

163.

Public school pupils transported at public expense and current expenditures for transportation: Selected years, 1929–30 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

267

164.

Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

268

165.

Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

270

166.

Current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

272

167.

Current expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1959–60 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

274

153. 154.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

xvi

LIST OF TABLES

Chapter 3. Postsecondary Education Enrollment 168.

Enrollment, staff, and degrees conferred in postsecondary institutions participating in Title IV programs, by level and control of institution, sex, and type of degree: Fall 2003 and 2003–04 . . .

284

169.

Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances in degree-granting institutions: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

285

170.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: Selected years, 1947 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

286

171.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution: 1965 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

288

172.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, age, and sex: Selected years, 1970 through 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

289

173.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level, sex, age, and attendance status of student: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

291

174.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution, and age and attendance status of student: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

292

175.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of enrollment, sex, attendance status, and type and control of institution: 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

293

176.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of enrollment, sex, attendance status, and type and control of institution: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

294

177.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and type and control of institution: Selected years, 1970 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

295

178.

Fall enrollment and number of degree-granting institutions, by control and affiliation of institution: Selected years, 1980 through 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

296

179.

Total first-time freshmen fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and type and control of institution: 1955 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

298

180.

Total first-time freshmen fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, control of institution, and state or jurisdiction: 1998 through 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

299

181.

College enrollment and enrollment rates of recent high school completers, by race/ethnicity: 1960 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

301

182.

College enrollment and enrollment rates of recent high school completers, by sex: 1960 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

303

183.

Graduation rates and postsecondary attendance rates of recent high school students, by selected high school characteristics: 1999–2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

304

184.

Enrollment rates of 18- to 24-year-olds in degree-granting institutions, by sex and race/ethnicity: 1967 through 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

305

185.

Total undergraduate fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1969 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

306

186.

Total graduate fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1969 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

307

187.

Total first-professional fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1969 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

308

188.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1970 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

309

189.

Total fall enrollment in public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1970 through 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

311

190.

Total fall enrollment in private degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1970 through 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

313

191.

Total fall enrollment in all degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

315

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

LIST OF TABLES xvii

192.

Total fall enrollment in public degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

317

193.

Total fall enrollment in private degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

319

194.

Total fall enrollment in private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

321

195.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

323

196.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of enrollment and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

325

197.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control, level of enrollment, type of institution, and state or jurisdiction: 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

327

198.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control, level of enrollment, type of institution, and state or jurisdiction: 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

329

199.

Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution: 1969 through 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

331

200.

Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2000, 2003, and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

332

201.

Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

334

202.

Residence and migration of all freshmen students in degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

336

203.

Residence and migration of all freshmen students in degree-granting institutions who graduated from high school in the previous 12 months, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

338

204.

Residence and migration of all freshmen students in 4-year degree-granting institutions who graduated from high school in the previous 12 months, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 2004 . . . . . .

340

205.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, attendance status, and level of student: Selected years, 1976 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

342

206.

Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity of student and type and control of institution: Selected years, 1976 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

345

207.

Total number of institutions and fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and percentage of minority enrollment: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

347

208.

Fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity of student and by state or jurisdiction: 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

348

209.

Fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity of student and by state or jurisdiction: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

350

210.

Number and percentage of students enrolled in postsecondary institutions, by level, disability status, and selected student characteristics: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

352

211.

Enrollment in postsecondary education, by student level, type of institution, age, and major field of study: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

353

212.

Graduate enrollment in science and engineering programs in degree-granting institutions, by field of study: United States and other jurisdictions, fall 1990 through fall 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

355

213.

Number of institutions and enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by size, and by type and control of institution: Fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

357

214.

Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

358

215.

Enrollment of the 120 largest degree-granting college and university campuses, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

368

216.

Enrollment and degrees conferred in women’s colleges, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

370

Enrollment and degrees conferred in institutions that serve large proportions of Hispanic students, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

372

217.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

xviii LIST OF TABLES

218.

Enrollment and degrees conferred in tribally controlled institutions, by institution: Fall 1998 through fall 2003, and 2001–02 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

380

219.

Fall enrollment, degrees conferred, and expenditures in degree-granting historically Black colleges and universities, by institution: 2002–03, 2003, and 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

382

220.

Selected statistics on degree-granting historically Black colleges and universities: Selected years, 1980 through 2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

384

Fall enrollment in degree-granting historically Black colleges and universities, by type and control of institution: 1976 through 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

385

222.

Total and full-time-equivalent staff in degree-granting institutions, by employment status, control of institution, and occupation: Fall 1976, fall 1993, and fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

386

223.

Employees in degree-granting institutions, by employment status, sex, control and type of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

387

224.

Employees in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, residency status, sex, employment status, control and type of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

388

225.

Number of full-time-equivalent staff and faculty, and full-time-equivalent staff and faculty/student ratios in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

389

Number of instructional faculty in degree-granting institutions, by employment status and control and type of institution: Selected years, fall 1970 through fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

391

Full-time instructional faculty in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, residency status, sex, and academic rank: Fall 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

392

Percentage distribution of full-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, selected instruction activities, and number of classes taught for credit: Fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

393

Percentage distribution of part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, selected instruction activities, and number of classes taught for credit: Fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

395

Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and selected characteristics: Fall 1992, fall 1998, and fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . .

397

Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by race/ ethnicity, sex, and selected characteristics: Fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

399

Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by field and faculty characteristics: Fall 1992, fall 1998, and fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

401

Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by race/ ethnicity, sex, and program area: Fall 1998 and fall 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

403

Average base salary of full-time faculty and instructional staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and field of instruction: Selected years, 1987–88 through 2003–04

405

Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by academic rank, control and type of institution, and sex: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

407

Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by academic rank, sex, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

410

Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2004–05. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

412

Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

413

Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in 4-year degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, rank of faculty, and state or jurisdiction: 2004–05

414

Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in 4-year degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, rank of faculty, and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04

415

221.

Staff

226. 227. 228.

229.

230. 231. 232. 233. 234. 235.

236.

237. 238. 239. 240.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

LIST OF TABLES

241.

242.

xix

Average benefit expenditure for full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degreegranting institutions, by type of benefit and control of institution: Selected years, 1977–78 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

416

Full-time instructional staff with tenure for degree-granting institutions with a tenure system, by academic rank, sex, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1993–94 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

418

Institutions 243.

Degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

419

244.

Degree-granting institutions and branches, by type and control of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

421

245.

Degree-granting institutions that have closed their doors, by control and type of institution: 1960–61 through 2004–05. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

422

246.

Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2013–14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

424

247.

Associate’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by field of study: 1992–93 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

426

248.

Associate’s degrees and other subbaccalaureate awards conferred by degree-granting institutions, by length of curriculum, sex of student, and field of study: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

427

249.

Bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by discipline division: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

428

250.

Master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by discipline division: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2003–04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

429

251.

Doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by discipline division: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2003–04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

430

252.

Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

431

253.

Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by control of institution: 1969–70 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

445

254.

Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by control of institution, level of degree, and discipline division: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

446

255.

Number of degree-granting institutions conferring degrees, by control, level of degree, and discipline division: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

447

First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions in dentistry, medicine, and law, by sex of student, and number of institutions conferring degrees: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

448

First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student, control of institution, and field of study: Selected years, 1985–86 through 2003–04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

449

Associate’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

450

Associate’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2003–04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

452

Associate’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2002–03. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

453

Bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

454

Bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2003–04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

456

Degrees

256.

257. 258. 259. 260. 261. 262.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

xx

LIST OF TABLES

263.

Bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2002–03. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

457

264.

Master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

458

265.

Master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2003–04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

460

266.

Master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2002–03. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

461

267.

Doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

462

268.

Doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2003–04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

464

269.

Doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2002–03. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

465

270.

First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

466

271.

First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

468

272.

First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

469

273.

Degrees in agriculture and natural resources conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

470

274.

Degrees in architecture and related services conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

471

275.

Degrees in the biological and biomedical sciences conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1951–52 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

472

276.

Degrees in biology, microbiology, and zoology conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

473

277.

Degrees in business conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1955–56 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

474

278.

Degrees in communications, journalism, and related programs conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

475

279.

Degrees in computer and information sciences conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

476

280.

Degrees in education conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

477

281.

Degrees in engineering and engineering technologies conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

478

282.

Degrees in chemical, civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

479

283.

Degrees in English language and literature/letters conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

480

284.

Degrees in modern foreign languages and literatures conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

481

285.

Degrees in French, German, and Spanish conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

482

286.

Degrees in the health professions and related sciences conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

483

287.

Degrees in mathematics and statistics conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

484

Degrees in the physical sciences and science technologies conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1959–60 through 2003–04 . .

485

288.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

LIST OF TABLES

289.

xxi

Degrees in chemistry, geology, and physics conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

486

290.

Degrees in psychology conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

487

291.

Degrees in public administration and social services conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

488

292.

Degrees in the social sciences and history conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

489

293.

Degrees in economics, history, political science and government, and sociology conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 . . . .

490

294.

Degrees in visual and performing arts conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

491

295.

Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees, by field of study and selected characteristics: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

492

296.

Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in education: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

493

297.

Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in engineering: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

493

298.

Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in the humanities: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

494

299.

Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in the life sciences: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

494

300.

Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in the physical sciences: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

495

301.

Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in the social sciences and psychology: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

495

302.

Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by control, level of degree, and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

496

303.

Bachelor’s and master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by field of study and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

497

304.

Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03 and 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

499

305.

Doctor’s degrees conferred by 60 large degree-granting institutions: 1994–95 through 2003–04

500

Outcomes 306.

Percentage distribution of 1990 high school sophomores, by highest level of education completed through 2000 and selected student characteristics: 1990, 1992, and 2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

502

Mean number of semester credits completed by bachelor’s degree recipients, by course area and major: 1976, 1984, and 1992–93 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

503

Percentage of degree-granting institutions with first-year undergraduates using various selection criteria for admission, by type and control of institution: Selected years, 2000–01 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

504

309.

Percentage of degree-granting institutions offering remedial services, by type and control of institution: 1989–90 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

505

310.

Percentage distribution of enrollment and completion status of first-time postsecondary students starting during the 1995–96 academic year, by type of institution and other student characteristics: 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

506

Scores on Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and subject matter tests: 1965 through 2004 . . .

508

307. 308.

311.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

xxii LIST OF TABLES

Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance 312.

Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates charged for full-time students in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution: 1964–65 through 2004–05 . . . .

510

313.

Average undergraduate tuition, fees, room, and board charged for full-time students in degreegranting institutions, by type and control of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04 and 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

513

Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates of degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and percentile of students: 2003–04 and 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . .

514

Average graduate and first-professional tuition and required fees in degree-granting institutions, by first-professional discipline and control of institution: 1987–88 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

515

Percentage of undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

516

Average amount of financial aid awarded to full-time, full-year undergraduates, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

517

Average amount of financial aid awarded to part-time or part-year undergraduates, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

518

Undergraduates enrolled full time and part time, by aid status, source of aid, and control and type of institution: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

519

Percentage of full-time, full-year undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid received and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

520

Percentage of part-time or part-year undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid received and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04 . . . . . . .

522

Percentage of full-time and part-time undergraduates receiving aid, by federal aid program and control and type of institution: 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

524

323.

Average cumulative amount borrowed and sources of aid for full-time, full-year postbaccalaureate students, by level of study and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

525

324.

Amount borrowed and sources of aid for part-time or part-year postbaccalaureate students, by level of study and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04. . . .

526

325.

Full-time, full-year postbaccalaureate students, by type of aid, level of study, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

527

326.

Part-time or part-year postbaccalaureate students, by type of aid, level of study, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

528

State awards for need-based undergraduate scholarship and grant programs, by state: Selected years, 1989–90 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

530

Current-fund revenue of degree-granting institutions, by source of funds: Selected years, 1919–20 through 1995–96 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

532

329.

Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source of funds: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

533

330.

Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 2000–01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

534

331.

Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

535

332.

Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and state or jurisdiction: 2000–01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

537

333.

Appropriations from state and local governments for public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2000–01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

539

334.

Total revenue of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 1996–97 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

541

314. 315. 316. 317. 318. 319. 320. 321. 322.

327.

Revenue 328.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

LIST OF TABLES xxiii

335.

Total revenue of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

543

336.

Total revenue of private for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 1997–98 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

544

337.

Total revenue of private for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 2001–02 and 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

545

Current-fund revenue received from the federal government by the 120 degree-granting institutions receiving the largest amounts, by control and rank order: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

546

338.

Expenditures 339.

340. 341. 342. 343. 344. 345. 346. 347. 348. 349.

Current-fund expenditures and current-fund expenditures per full-time-equivalent student in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2000–01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

547

Current-fund expenditures and educational and general expenditures of degree-granting institutions, by purpose and per student: Selected years, 1929–30 through 1995–96 . . . . . . . . .

549

Current-fund expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 2000–01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

551

Current-fund expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by purpose: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

553

Current-fund expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

554

Educational and general expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

556

Voluntary support for degree-granting institutions, by source and purpose of support: Selected years, 1959–60 through 2003–04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

558

Total expenditures of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 1996–97 through 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

559

Total expenditures of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

561

Total expenditures of private for-profit degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 2001–02 and 2002–03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

562

Total expenditures of private not-for-profit and for-profit degree-granting institutions, by level and state or jurisdiction: 1996–97 through 2002–03. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

563

Value of property and liabilities of degree-granting institutions: Selected years, 1899–1900 through 1995–96 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

564

Endowment funds of the 120 colleges and universities with the largest amounts, by rank order: 2003 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

565

Property 350. 351.

Adult Education 352. 353. 354.

Participants in adult basic and secondary education programs, by type of program and state or jurisdiction: Selected fiscal years, 1990 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

566

Participation of employed persons, 17 years old and over, in career-related adult education during the previous 12 months, by selected characteristics of participants: 1995, 1999, and 2003 . . . . .

567

Participation of persons, 17 years old and over, in adult education during the previous 12 months, by selected characteristics of participants: Selected years, 1991 through 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

569

Vocational Education 355.

Number of non-degree-granting Title IV institutions offering postsecondary education, by control and state or jurisdiction: 2000–01 through 2004–05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

571

xxiv LIST OF TABLES

Chapter 4. Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 356.

Federal support and estimated federal tax expenditures for education, by category: Selected fiscal years, 1965 through 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

584

357.

Federal on-budget funds for education and related programs, by agency: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

586

358.

Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

587

359.

Estimated federal support for education, by type of ultimate recipient and agency: Fiscal year 2005

594

360.

U.S. Department of Education outlays, by type of recipient and level of education: Selected fiscal years, 1980 through 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

595

U.S. Department of Education appropriations for major programs, by state or jurisdiction: Fiscal year 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

596

Appropriations for Title I, No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, by type of appropriation and state or jurisdiction: Fiscal years 2004 and 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

598

U.S. Department of Agriculture obligations for child nutrition programs, by state or jurisdiction: Fiscal years 2003 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

600

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services allocations for Head Start and enrollment in Head Start, by state or jurisdiction: Fiscal years 2001 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

602

Federal science and engineering obligations to colleges and universities, by agency and state or jurisdiction: Fiscal year 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

604

Summary of federal funds for research, development, and R&D plant, by performers and fields of science: Fiscal years 1997 through 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

605

Federal obligations for research and development and R&D plant, by agency and state or jurisdiction: Fiscal year 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

607

361. 362. 363. 364. 365. 366. 367.

Chapter 5. Outcomes of Education Educational Characteristics of the Workforce 368.

Labor force participation rates and employment to population ratios of persons 16 years old and over, by highest level of education, age, sex, and race/ethnicity: 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

613

369.

Occupation of employed persons 25 to 64 years old, by educational attainment and sex: 2004. . .

614

370.

Unemployment rate of persons 16 years old and over, by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment: 2002, 2003, and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

615

Employment characteristics of 12th-graders, by selected student and school characteristics: 1992

616

371.

Recent High School and College Graduates 372.

College enrollment and labor force status of 2002, 2003, and 2004 high school completers, by sex and race/ethnicity: 2002, 2003, and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

617

Labor force status of high school dropouts, by sex and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1980 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

619

Full-time employment status of bachelor’s degree recipients 1 year after graduation, by field of study: Selected years, 1976 to 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

620

375.

Percentage distribution of 1999–2000 bachelor’s degree recipients 1 year after graduation, by field of study, time to completion, enrollment status, employment status, occupational area, job characteristics, and annual salaries: 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

621

376.

Postsecondary enrollment status of 1992–93 bachelor’s degree recipients, by undergraduate major: 1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

622

Average annual salary of bachelor’s degree recipients employed full time 1 year after graduation, by field of study: Selected years, 1976 through 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

623

373. 374.

377.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

LIST OF TABLES xxv

378.

Median annual income of year-round, full-time workers 25 years old and over, by highest level of educational attainment and sex: 1990 through 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

624

379.

Distribution of income and median income of persons 25 years old and over, by highest level of educational attainment and sex: 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

626

380.

Percentage of 1988 8th-graders who volunteered in various capacities in a 12-month period ending in 2000, by selected young adult characteristics: 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

628

381.

Literacy skills of adults, 16 years old and over, by type of literacy, proficiency levels, and selected characteristics: 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

629

382.

Percentage of 18- to 25-year-olds reporting drug use during the past 30 days and during the past year: Selected years, 1982 to 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

630

383.

Percentage of 1972 high school seniors, 1992 high school seniors, and 2004 high school seniors who felt that certain life values were “very important,” by sex: Selected years, 1972 through 2004

630

384.

Percentage of employed 1988 8th-graders satisfied with various aspects of their job, by educational attainment: 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

631

Chapter 6. International Comparisons of Education 385.

Selected population and enrollment statistics, school enrollment, and teachers, by major areas of the world: Selected years, 1980 through 1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

637

386.

Selected population and enrollment statistics for countries with populations over 10 million, by continent: Selected years, 1980 through 2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

638

387.

School-age populations as a percentage of total population, by age group and country: Selected years,1985 through 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

640

388.

Percentage of population enrolled in secondary and postsecondary institutions, by age group and country: Selected years, 1985 through 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

641

389.

Pupils per teacher in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by level of education and country: Selected years, 1985 to 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

642

390.

Civic knowledge and civic engagement of 14-year-old students, by country: 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

643

391.

Average mathematics literacy, reading literacy, science literacy, and problem-solving scores of 15year-olds, by sex and country: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

644

Mean scores and percentage distribution of 15-year-olds scoring at each mathematics literacy proficiency level, by country: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

645

Average fourth-grade mathematics scores, by content areas, index of time students spend doing mathematics homework in a normal school week, and country: 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

646

Average eighth-grade mathematics scores, by content areas, index of time students spend doing mathematics homework in a normal school week, and country: 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

647

Percentage of lesson time spent on various mathematics activities, yearly mathematics instructional time, and mathematics instructional time as a percentage of total instructional time in eighth grade, by country: 2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

649

396.

Average size and scores of eighth-grade mathematics classes and Index of Teachers’ Emphasis on Mathematics Homework (EMH), by country: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

651

397.

Eighth-grade students’ perceptions about mathematics and hours spent on leisure activities, by country: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

653

398.

Average mathematics scores at the end of secondary school, by sex, average time spent studying mathematics out of school, and country: 1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

655

399.

Average fourth-grade science scores in content areas and average time spent teaching science in school, by country: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

656

400.

Average eighth-grade science scores in content areas and average time spent studying out of school, by country: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

657

401.

Instructional practices and time spent teaching science in eighth grade, by country: 2003. . . . . . .

659

402.

Average science scores at the end of secondary school, by sex, average time spent studying science out of school, and country: 1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

661

392. 393. 394. 395.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

xxvi LIST OF TABLES

403.

Number of bachelor’s degree recipients per 100 persons of the typical age of graduation, by sex and country: 2002 and 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

662

404.

Percentage of bachelor’s degrees awarded in science, by field and country: Selected years, 1985 through 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

663

405.

Percentage of graduate degrees awarded in science, by field and country: Selected years, 1985 through 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

664

406.

Public and private education expenditures per student, by level of education and country: Selected years, 1999 through 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

665

407.

Total public direct expenditures on education as a percentage of the gross domestic product, by level and country: Selected years, 1985 through 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

666

Foreign students enrolled in institutions of higher education in the United States and other jurisdictions, by continent, region, and selected countries of origin: Selected years, 1980-81 through 2003-04. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

667

408.

Chapter 7. Libraries and Educational Technology Libraries 409.

Selected statistics on school libraries/media centers, by control and level of school: 1999–2000. .

671

410.

Selected statistics on public school libraries/media centers, by level and enrollment size of school: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

672

411.

Selected statistics on public school libraries/media centers, by state: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

673

412.

Collections, staff, and operating expenditures of college and university libraries: Selected years, 1976–77 through 1999–2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

674

Collections, staff, and operating expenditures of the 60 largest college and university libraries: 1999–2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

675

414.

Selected statistics of public libraries, by population size of legal service area: Fiscal year 2002 . .

676

415.

Public libraries, books and serial volumes, library visits, and reference transactions, by state: Fiscal year 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

677

413.

Computers and Technology 416.

Public schools and instructional rooms with access to the Internet, by selected school characteristics: 1994 through 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

678

417.

Use of the Internet by persons 3 years old and over, by type of use and selected characteristics of students and other users: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

681

418.

Number and percentage of home computer users, by type of application and selected characteristics: 1997 and 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

683

419.

Number and percentage of student home computer users, by type of application and selected characteristics: 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

684

420.

Student use of computers, by level of enrollment, age, and student and school characteristics: 1993, 1997, and 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

685

421.

Percentage of workers, 18 years old and over, using computers on the job, by type of computer application and selected characteristics: 1993, 1997, and 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

687

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

LIST OF TABLES xxvii

Guide to Sources Appendix A A-1. Respondent counts for selected High School and Beyond surveys: 1982, 1984, and 1986 . . . . . .

722

A-2. Design effects (DEFF) and root design effects (DEFT) for selected High School and Beyond surveys and subsamples: 1984 and 1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

723

A-3. Respondent counts of full-time workers from the Recent College Graduates survey: 1976 to 1991

723

A-4. Sampling errors (95 percent confidence level) for percentages estimated from the Gallup Poll: 1992, 1993, and 1996 to 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

724

A-5. Sampling errors (95 percent confidence level) for the difference in two percentages estimated from the Gallup Poll: 1992, 1993, and 1996 to 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

724

A-6. Maximum differences required for significance (90 percent confidence level) between sample subgroups from the Status of the American Public School Teacher survey: 2000-01 . . . . . . . . . .

724

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

INTRODUCTION In the fall of 2005, about 72.1 million persons were enrolled in American schools and colleges (table 1). About 4.4 million persons were employed as elementary and secondary school teachers and as college faculty, in full-time equivalents. Other professional, administrative, and support staff at educational institutions numbered 5.0 million. All data for 2005 in this Introduction are projected. Some data for other years are projected or estimated as noted.

Elementary/Secondary Education Enrollment Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools rose 22 percent between 1985 and 2005 (table 2). The fastest public school growth occurred in the elementary grades (prekindergarten through grade 8), where enrollment rose 24 percent over this period, from 27.0 million to 33.5 million. Public secondary school enrollment declined 8 percent from 1985 to 1990, but then rose 31 percent from 1990 to 2005, for a net increase of 20 percent. Private school enrollment grew more slowly than public school enrollment from 1985 to 2005, rising 14 percent, from 5.6 million to 6.3 million. As a result, the proportion of students enrolled in private schools declined slightly, from 12.4 percent in 1985 to 11.6 percent in 2005. Since the enrollment rates of kindergarten and elementary school-age children have not changed much in recent years (table 7), increases in public and private elementary school enrollment have been driven primarily by increases in the number of children in this age group. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) forecasts record levels of total elementary and secondary enrollment through at least 2014, as the school-age population continues to rise. The projected fall 2005 public school enrollment is at near record levels, but new records are expected every year through 2014, the last year for which NCES enrollment projections have been developed (table 3). Public elementary school enrollment (prekindergarten through grade 8) is projected to show a slight decline between 2002 and 2005, and then increase, so that the fall 2014 projected enrollment is 6 percent higher than the 2005 projected enrollment. Public secondary school enrollment (grades 9 through 12) is expected to show a net decline of 4 percent between 2005 and 2014.

Teachers A projected 3.5 million elementary and secondary school teachers were engaged in classroom instruction in the fall of 2005 (table 4). This number has risen in recent years, up 18 percent since 1995. The 2005 projected number of teachers includes 3.1 million public school teachers and 0.4 million private school teachers. The number of public school teachers has risen faster than the number of students over the past 10 years, resulting in declines in the pupil/teacher ratio (table 63). In the fall of 2005, there were a projected 15.5 public school pupils per teacher, compared with 17.0 public school pupils per teacher 10 years earlier. The salaries of public school teachers lost purchasing power in the 1970s due to inflation, but increased at a greater rate than inflation in the 1980s, and since 1990–91 the salaries have generally maintained pace with inflation (table 76). The average salary for teachers in 2004–05 was $47,750, about 2 percent higher than in 1994–95, after adjustment for inflation.

Student Performance Most of the student performance data in the Digest are drawn from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). NAEP conducts assessments using three basic designs: national NAEP, state NAEP, and long-term trend NAEP. These three basic designs are described in the paragraphs that follow. The main NAEP assessments provide current information for the nation and specific geographic regions. They include students drawn from both public and private schools and report results for student achievement at grades 4, 8, and 12. The main NAEP assessments follow the frameworks developed by the National Assessment Governing Board and use the latest advances in assessment methodology. The NAEP frameworks are designed to reflect changes in educational objectives and curricula. Since 1990, NAEP assessments have also been conducted at the state level. Participating states receive assessment results that report on the performance of students in that state. The state assessment is identical in content to the assessment conducted nationally. However, because the national NAEP samples prior to 2002 were not designed to support the reporting of accurate and representative statelevel results, separate representative samples of students were selected for each participating jurisdiction/state. From 1990 through 2001, the national sample was a subset of the

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1

2

INTRODUCTION

combined sample of students assessed in each participating state, plus an additional sample from the states that did not participate in the state assessment. Since 2002, a combined sample of public schools has been selected for both state and national NAEP. NAEP also conducts long-term trend assessments, which provide information on changes in the basic achievement of America’s youth since the early 1970s. They are administered nationally and report student performance at ages 9, 13, and 17 in reading and mathematics. Measuring trends of student achievement or change over time requires the precise replication of past procedures. Therefore, the long-term trend instrument does not evolve based on changes in curricula or in educational practices. Reading Overall achievement scores on the NAEP long-term trend reading assessment for the country’s 9-, 13-, and 17-year-old students are mixed. The average reading scores at ages 9 and 13 were higher in 2004 than in 1971 (table 108). The average score for 17-year-olds in 2004 was similar to that in 1971. For Black 9-, 13-, and 17-year-olds, average reading scores in 2004 were higher than in 1971. At age 9, Black students scored higher on average in 2004 than in any previous administration year. For Blacks ages 13 and 17, scores increased between 1971 and 2004 (table 108). For White students, the average scores for 9- and 13-year-olds were also higher in 2004 than in 1971. Separate data for Hispanics were not gathered in 1971, but as with the other racial/ethnic groups, the average reading score for Hispanic students at age 9 was higher in 2004 than in any other assessment year. The average score for Hispanic students at age 13 shows an increase between 1975 and 2004. The scores for 17-year-old Hispanic students also increased between 1975 and 2004, but no measurable changes were seen between 1999 and 2004. The 2005 main NAEP reading assessment of states found that reading proficiency varied among public school fourthgraders in the 53 participating jurisdictions (50 states, Department of Defense overseas and domestic schools, and the District of Columbia) (table 112). The U.S. average score was 217. The scores for the participating jurisdictions ranged from 191 in the District of Columbia and 207 in New Mexico to 227 in New Hampshire and Vermont. Mathematics Results from NAEP long-term trend assessments of mathematics proficiency indicate that the scores of 9- and 13-year-old students were higher in 2004 than in 1973 (table 118). For White, Black, and Hispanic 9-, 13-, and 17year-olds, average mathematics scale scores were higher in 2004 than in 1973. The 2005 main NAEP assessment of states found that mathematics proficiency varied among public school eighthgraders in the 53 participating jurisdictions (50 states, Department of Defense overseas and domestic schools, and the District of Columbia) (table 122). Overall, 68 percent of these eighth-grade students performed at or above the Basic

level in mathematics, and 29 percent performed at or above the Proficient level. The District of Columbia had 31 percent of students performing at least at the Basic level in math. International Comparisons In 2003, the performance of U.S. 15-year-olds, as measured by the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), in mathematics literacy and problem solving was lower than the average performance for most Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries (table 391). Along with the scale scores, PISA also used seven proficiency levels (below level 1 and levels 1 through 6, with level 6 being the highest level of proficiency) to describe student performance in mathematics literacy (table 392). In mathematics literacy, the United States had greater percentages of students below level 1 and at levels 1 and 2 than the OECD average percentages. The United States also had a lower percentage of students at levels 4, 5, and 6 than the OECD average percentages.

High School Graduates and Dropouts The estimated number of high school graduates in 2004–05 was 3.1 million (table 101), including 2.8 million public school graduates and 0.3 million private school graduates. The number of high school graduates is lower than at its peak in 1976–77, when 3.2 million students earned diplomas. The number of General Educational Development (GED) credentials issued rose from 332,000 in 1977 to 648,000 in 2001, before falling to 387,000 in 2003 (table 104). The percentage of dropouts among 16- to 24year-olds declined over this period, from 14 percent in 1977 to 10 percent in 2004 (table 105).

Educational Technology There has been widespread introduction of computers into the schools in recent years. In 2003, the average public school contained 136 instructional computers (table 416). One important technological advance that has come to classrooms following the introduction of computers has been connections to the Internet. The proportion of instructional rooms with access to the Internet increased from 51 percent in 1998 to 93 percent in 2003 (figure 29). Nearly all schools had access to the Internet in 2003 (table 416).

Postsecondary Education College Enrollment College enrollment hit a record level of 17.3 million in fall 2004. Another record of 17.4 million is anticipated for fall 2005 (table 3). Enrollment is expected to increase by an additional 12 percent between 2005 and 2014. Despite decreases in the traditional college-age population during the late 1980s and early 1990s, total enrollment increased during the late 1980s and early 1990s (tables 7, 15, 172, and 182). Between 1994 and 2004, the number of full-time students increased by

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

INTRODUCTION

30 percent compared to an 8 percent increase in part-time students (table 170). During the same time period, the number of men enrolled rose 16 percent, while the number of women enrolled increased by 25 percent.

Faculty and Staff In the fall of 2003, degree-granting institutions—defined as postsecondary institutions that grant an associate’s or higher degree and are eligible for Title IV federal financial aid programs—employed 1.2 million faculty members, including 0.6 million full-time and 0.5 million part-time faculty (table 223). About 19 percent of full-time faculty taught 15 or more hours per week, compared with 8 percent of part-time faculty. About 9 percent of full-time faculty taught 150 or more students, compared with 2 percent of part-time faculty.

Postsecondary Degrees The projections of the number of postsecondary degrees conferred during the 2004–05 school year by degree level show 668,000 associate’s degrees; 1,416,000 bachelor’s degrees; 562,000 master’s degrees; 85,000 first-professional degrees; and 47,200 doctor’s degrees (table 246).

Educational Attainment The U.S. Census Bureau collects annual statistics on the educational attainment of the population. Between 1995 and 2005, the proportion of the adult population 25 years of age and over who had completed high school rose from 82 percent to 85 percent, and the proportion of adults with a bachelor’s degree increased from 23 percent to 28 percent (table 8). Over the same period, the proportion of young adults (25- to 29-year-olds) completing bachelor’s degrees rose from 25 percent to 29 percent. The 86 percent of 25- to 29-year-olds who had completed high school in 2005 was about the same as it was in 1995.

Education Expenditures Expenditures for public and private education, from kindergarten through graduate school (excluding postsecondary schools not awarding associate’s or higher degrees), are estimated at $827 billion for 2003–04 (table 25). Expenditures of elementary and secondary schools are expected to total $511 billion, while those of colleges and universities are expected to total $315 billion. Total expenditures for education are expected to amount to 7.5 percent of the gross domestic product in 2003–04, about 0.6 percentage points higher than in 1993–94.

Interpreting Statistics Readers should be aware of the limitations of statistics. These limitations vary with the exact nature of a particular

3

survey. For example, estimates based on a sample of institutions will differ somewhat from the figures that would have been obtained if a complete census had been taken using the same survey procedures. Standard errors are available for sample survey data appearing in this report. In many cases, standard errors for all items appear in the printed table. In other cases, only standard errors for key items appear in the printed table. For some tables, standard errors are available from NCES upon request. Although some of the surveys conducted by NCES are census-type surveys, all surveys are subject to design, reporting, and processing errors and errors due to nonresponse. Differences in sampling, data collection procedures, coverage of target population, timing, phrasing of questions, scope of nonresponse, interviewer training, data processing, coding, and so forth mean that the results from the different sources may not be strictly comparable. More information on survey methodologies can be found in the Guide to Sources in the appendix. Unless noted otherwise, all financial data in this report are in current dollars, not adjusted for changes in the purchasing power of the dollar. Price indexes for inflation adjustments can be found in table 31. Common data elements are collected in different ways in different surveys. Since the Digest relies on a number of data sources, there are discrepancies in definitions and data across tables in the volume. For example, several different surveys collect data on public school enrollment, and while similar, the estimates are not identical. The definitions of racial/ethnic groups also differ across surveys, particularly with respect to whether Hispanic origin is considered an ethnic group regardless of race, or counted separately as a racial/ethnic group. Individual tables note the definitions used in the given studies. All statements cited in the text about differences between two or more groups or changes over time were tested for statistical significance and are statistically significant at the .05 level. Various test procedures were used, depending on the nature of the statement tested. The most commonly used test procedures were t tests, equivalence tests, and linear trend tests. Equivalence tests were used to determine whether two statistics are substantively equivalent or substantively different. This was accomplished by using a hypothesis test to determine whether the confidence interval of the difference between sample estimates is substantively significant, i.e., greater or less than a preset substantively important difference. In most cases involving percentages, a difference of 3.0 was used to determine substantive equivalence or difference. In some comparisons involving only very small percentages, a lower difference was used. In cases involving only relatively large values, a larger difference was used, such as $1,000 in the case of annual salaries.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

GUIDE TO TABULAR PRESENTATION This section is intended to assist the reader in following the basic structure of the Digest tables and to provide a legend for some of the common symbols and indexes used throughout the book. Unless otherwise noted, all data are for the 50 states and the District of Columbia.

Noted below the title unless several units are used, in which case the unit indicators are generally given in the spanner or individual column heads.

Table Components

Column head Describes specific column.

Title Describes the table content concisely.

Stub Describes a row or a group of rows. Each stub row is followed by a number of dots (leaders).

Unit indicator Informs the reader of the measurement unit in the table—“In thousands,” “In millions of dollars,” etc.

Spanner Describes a group of two or more columns.

Field The area of the table which contains the data elements.

Example of Table Structure

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

5

6

GUIDE TO TABULAR PRESENTATION

Special notes Symbols used to indicate why data do not appear in designated cell. — Not available.

The Digest most often uses the Consumer Price Index to compare purchasing power over time. To compute a price index, a base year or period is selected. The base-year price is then designated as the base or reference price to which the prices for other years or periods are related.

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. ! Interpret data with caution. ‡ Reporting standards not met.

A method of expressing the price relationship is:

Footnote Describes a unique circumstance relating to a specific item within the table. Note Furnishes general information that relates to the entire table. Source The document or reference from which the data are drawn. This note may also include the organizational unit responsible for preparing the data.

Descriptive Terms Measures of central tendency A number that is used to represent the “typical value” of a group of numbers. It is regarded as a measure of “location” or “central tendency” of a group of numbers. Arithmetic mean (average) is the most commonly used average. It is derived by summing the individual item values of a particular group and dividing that sum by the number of items. This value is often referred to simply as the “mean” or “average.” Median is the measure of central tendency that occupies the middle position in a rank order of values. It generally has the same number of items above it as below it. If there is an even number of items in the group, the median is the average of the middle two items. Average per capita, or per person, figure represents an average computed for every person in a specified group, or population. It is derived by dividing the total for an item (such as income or expenditures) by the number of persons in the specified population. Index number A value that provides a means of measuring, summarizing, and communicating the nature of changes that occur from time to time or from place to place. An index is used to express changes in prices over periods of time, but may also be used to express differences between related subjects at a single point in time.

Index number = Price of a set of one or more items for related year ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ × 100 Price of the same set of items for base year When 100 is subtracted from the index number, the result equals the percent change in price from the base year. Current and constant dollars are used in a number of tables to express finance data. Unless otherwise noted, all figures are in current dollars, not adjusted for inflation. Constant dollars provide a measure of the impact of inflation on the current dollars. Current dollar figures reflect actual prices or costs prevailing during the specified year(s). Constant dollar figures attempt to remove the effects of price changes (inflation) from statistical series reported in dollar terms. The constant dollar value for an item is derived by dividing the base-year price index (for example, the Consumer Price Index for 1999) by the price index for the year of data to be adjusted and multiplying by the price of item to be adjusted. The result is an adjusted dollar value as it would presumably exist if prices were the same as the base year—in other words, as if the dollar had constant purchasing power. Any changes in the constant dollar amounts would reflect only changes in the real values. In the 2005 edition of the Digest, the following 19 tables include finance data that are adjusted to school year 2004–05 dollars: tables 30, 36, 75, 77, 78, 84, 163, 164, 167, 168, 235, 236, 242, 338, 340, 343, 344, 353, and 420. Data adjusted to calendar year 2004 dollars appear in tables 20, 385, 386, and 414. Table 364 includes adjustments to fiscal year (FY) 2005 dollars. NOTE: Tables may not include data for all years implied in table titles. When this is the case, the title will include the term “Selected years.”

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1

All Levels of Education This chapter provides a broad overview of education in the United States. It brings together material from preprimary, elementary, secondary, and postsecondary education, and from the general population to present a composite picture of the American educational system. Tables include the total number of persons enrolled in school, the number of teachers, the number of schools, and total expenditures for education at all levels. This chapter also includes statistics on education-related topics such as educational attainment, family characteristics, population, and opinions about schools. Economic indicators and price indexes have been added to facilitate analyses. Figure 1 shows the structure of education in the United States. It presents the three levels of formal education (elementary, secondary, and postsecondary) and gives the approximate age range of persons at the elementary and secondary levels. Students ordinarily spend from 6 to 8 years in the elementary grades, which may be preceded by 1 to 3 years in nursery school and kindergarten. The elementary school program is followed by a 4- to 6-year program in secondary school. Students normally complete the entire program through grade 12 by age 18. High school graduates who decide to continue their education may enter a technical or vocational institution, a 2-year community or junior college, or a 4-year college or university. A 2-year college normally offers the first 2 years of a standard 4-year college curriculum and a selection of terminal vocational programs. Academic courses completed at a 2-year college are usually transferable for credit at a 4-year college or university. A technical or vocational institution offers postsecondary technical training leading to a specific career. An associate’s degree requires at least 2 years of college-level work, and a bachelor’s degree normally requires 4 years of college-level coursework. At least 1 year of coursework beyond the bachelor’s is necessary for a master’s degree, while a doctor’s degree usually requires a minimum of 3 or 4 years beyond the bachelor’s. Professional schools differ widely in admission requirements and in program length. Medical students, for example, generally complete a bachelor’s program of premedical studies at a college or university before they can enter the 4-year program at a medical school. Law programs normally require 3 years of coursework beyond the bachelor’s degree level. Many of the statistics in this chapter are derived from the statistical activities of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). In addition, substantial contributions have

been drawn from the work of other groups, both governmental and nongovernmental, as shown in the source notes of the tables. Information on survey methodologies is contained in the Guide to Sources in the appendix and in the publications cited in the source notes.

Enrollment and Teachers Enrollment in elementary and secondary schools grew rapidly during the 1950s and 1960s and reached a peak in 1971 (table 3 and figure 2). This enrollment rise was caused by what is known as the “baby boom,” a dramatic increase in births following World War II. From 1971 to 1984, total elementary and secondary school enrollment decreased every year, reflecting the decline in the school-age population over that period. After these years of decline, enrollment in elementary and secondary schools started increasing in fall 1985, and began hitting new record enrollment levels in the mid-1990s. Public school enrollment in prekindergarten through grade 8 rose from 29.9 million in fall 1990 to 34.2 million in 2003, with a projected enrollment of 33.5 million for fall 2005 (table 3). Public school enrollment in the upper grades rose from 11.3 million in 1990 to 14.3 million in 2003, with a projected enrollment of 14.8 million for 2005. The growing numbers of young pupils who have been filling the elementary schools will cause some increases at the secondary school level through 2007. Between fall 2003 and fall 2005, public elementary enrollment is expected to decrease slightly, and then increase again between 2006 and 2014. Public secondary enrollment is projected to rise through 2007, and then decline. Overall, school enrollment is projected to set new records every year from 2006 until at least 2014, the last year for which NCES has projected school enrollment. The proportion of students in private elementary and secondary schools has changed little over the past 10 years, remaining between 11 and 12 percent (table 3). The percentage of college students who attended private colleges and universities rose from 22 to 24 percent between 1994 and 2003. In 2005, a projected 6.3 million students were enrolled in private schools at the elementary and secondary levels and 4.1 million students were in private degree-granting institutions. College enrollment peaked at 14.5 million in fall 1992 and decreased to 14.3 million in fall 1995 (table 3). Total

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

7

8

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education

college enrollment increased between 1995 and 2004, and further increases are expected through 2014. School enrollment rates among 5- and 6-year-olds, 7to 13-year-olds, and 14- to 17-year-olds remained relatively steady between 1994 and 2004 (table 7). The proportion of 18- and 19-year-olds enrolled in school rose from 60 to 64 percent between 1994 and 2004, while the proportion of 20- to 24-year-olds enrolled in school rose from 32 to 35 percent. Educational attainment has risen in the adult population, 25 years old and over. In 2005, 85 percent of the population 25 years old and over had completed high school and 28 percent had completed a bachelor’s or higher degree (table 8 and figure 3). This is higher than in 1995, when 82 percent had completed high school and 23 percent had completed a bachelor’s degree. In 2005, about 7 percent of persons 25 years old or over held a master’s degree as their highest degree, 2 per-

cent held a professional degree (e.g., medicine or law), and 1 percent held a doctor’s degree (table 9 and figure 5). An estimated 3.5 million elementary and secondary school full-time-equivalent teachers were engaged in classroom instruction in the fall of 2005 (table 4). This number has risen about 18 percent since 1995. The number of public school teachers in 2005 was about 3.1 million and the number in private schools was estimated at 0.4 million.

Expenditures Expenditures of educational institutions rose to an estimated high of $827 billion in the 2003–04 school year (table 25 and figure 2). Elementary and secondary schools spent about 62 percent of this total, and colleges and universities accounted for the remaining 38 percent. In 2003–04, expenditures of educational institutions were an estimated 7.5 percent of the gross domestic product.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education

Figure 1. The structure of education in the United States Postdoctoral study and research

Doctor's degree study

Master's degree

Master's degree study

Professional schools (medicine, theology law, etc.)

7 6 5 4

Bachelor's degree

3

Associate’s degree or certificate

Vocational/ technical institutions

Junior or community colleges

Undergraduate programs

2

Postsecondary education (college, university, professional, vocational, technical)

Ph.D. or advanced professional degree

1

17 16 15

12

Senior high schools

4-year high schools

11

Combined, junior, or senior high schools

14 13 12 11

6

(6–3–3)

(6–6)

5 4

(4–4–4) Elementary (or primary) schools

3

7

2

6

1

5 4

K

Kindergartens PK

Nursery schools

3 Age

Grade

NOTE: Adult education programs, while not separately delineated above, may provide instruction at the elementary, secondary, or postsecondary education level. Chart reflects typical patterns of progression rather than all possible variations. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Annual Reports Program.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Elementary (or primary) education

8

7

Middle schools

10 9

9 8

Junior high schools

(8–4)

10

Secondary education (academic, vocational, technical)

High school diploma

9

10

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education

Figure 2. Enrollment, total expenditures in constant dollars, and expenditures as a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP), by level of education: 1960–61 through 2003–04 Enrollment, in millions 70 Total

60

Elementary and secondary

50 40 30 20

Degree-granting institutions

10 0 1960

1965

1970

1975 1980 1985 School year beginning

1990

1995

2000 2003

Expenditures, in billions of constant 2004–05 dollars $900 800 Total Elementary and 700 secondary 600 500 400 300 200 Degree-granting institutions 100 0 2000 2003 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 School year beginning Percent of GDP 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0

Total Elementary and secondary Degree-granting institutions

0 1960

1965

1970

1975 1980 1985 School year beginning

1990

1995

2000 2003

NOTE: Expenditure data for 2002–03 and 2003–04 are estimates. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems, 1959–60 through 1969–70; Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Systems, 1970 through 1980; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970–71 through 1987–88; Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary and Secondary Education,” 1981–82 through 2003–04; “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1988–89 through 2001–02; Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1970–71 through 1980; Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 1989–90 through 2001–02; Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education, 1959–60 through 1985–86; Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, 1959–60 through 1995–96; 1986–87 through 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), “Fall Enrollment” surveys, 1986 through 1999, and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004 and Fall 2001 through Fall 2004; and Projections of Education Statistics to 2014.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education

Figure 3. Percentage of persons 25 years old and over, by highest level of educational attainment: 1940 through 2005 Percent of persons 100

80

Less than high school completion

60 High school completion or higher

40

20 Bachelor's or higher degree

0 1940

1950

1960

1970 Year

1980

1990

2000

2005

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, U.S. Census of Population, 1960, Volume 1, Part 1; Current Population Reports, Series P-20; Current Population Survey (CPS), March 1961 through March 2005; and 1960 Census Monograph, Education of the American Population, by John K. Folger and Charles B. Nam.

Figure 4. Percentage of persons 25 through 29 years old, by highest level of educational attainment: 1940 through 2005 Percent of persons 100

High school completion or higher

80

60 Less than high school completion

40

Bachelor's or higher degree

20

0 1940

1950

1960

1970 Year

1980

1990

2000

2005

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, U.S. Census of Population, 1960, Volume 1, Part 1; Current Population Reports, Series P-20; Current Population Survey (CPS), March 1961 through March 2005; and 1960 Census Monograph, Education of the American Population, by John K. Folger and Charles B. Nam.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

11

12

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education

Figure 5. Highest level of education attained by persons 25 years old and over: March 2005 Less than high school, 14.8% Doctor’s, 1.2% Professional, 1.5%

High school graduate, 32.2%

Master’s, 6.8%

Bachelor’s, 18.1%

Some college, 16.8% Associate’s, 8.6%

Total persons age 25 and over = 189.4 million NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), March 2005, unpublished tabulations.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Enrollment, Teachers, and Schools

13

em l l o r n E Table 1. Projected number of participants in educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Fall 2005 [In millions] All levels (elementary, secondary, and postsecondary degree-granting)

Participants 1

Elementary and secondary schools

Total

Postsecondary degree-granting institutions

Public

Private

Total

Public

Private

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Total.........................................................................

81.4

61.6

54.5

6.9

19.9

15.0

4.9

Enrollment .......................................................................

72.1

54.7

48.4

6.3

17.4

13.3

4.1

Teachers and faculty ........................................................

4.4

3.5

3.1

0.4

0.8

0.6

0.3

Other professional, administrative, and support staff ......

5.0

3.2

3.0

0.3

1.7

1.2

0.6

NOTE: Includes enrollments in local public school systems and in most private schools (religiously affiliated and nonsectarian). Excludes federal schools. Excludes private preprimary enrollment in schools that do not offer first grade or above. Data for enrollment in degree-granting institutions include full-time and part-time students enrolled in universities, other 4-year colleges, and 2-year colleges that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Data for teachers and other staff in public and private elementary and secondary schools and colleges

and universities are reported in terms of full-time equivalents. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Projections of Education Statistics to 2014; and unpublished projections and estimates. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

Table 2. Enrollment in educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, fall 1980 through fall 2005 [In thousands] Level of instruction and type of control Fall 1980 Fall 1985 Fall 1990 Fall 1995 Fall 1996 Fall 1997 Fall 1998 Fall 1999 Fall 2000 Fall 2001 Fall 20021 Fall 20031 1

Projected fall 2004

Projected fall 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

All levels......................................

58,305

57,226

60,269

64,764

65,743

66,470

66,982

67,667

68,671

69,920

71,196

71,760

71,865

72,075

Public...................................................

50,335

48,901

52,061

55,933

56,732

57,323

57,676

58,167

58,956

59,905

60,935

61,398

61,250

61,658

Private .................................................

7,971

8,325

8,208

8,831

9,011

9,147

9,306

9,500

9,714

10,014

10,261

10,362

10,615

10,417

Elementary and secondary schools 2 ....................................... Public ............................................... Private.............................................. Prekindergarten to grade 8.............. Public ........................................... Private .......................................... Grades 9 to 12 ................................. Public ........................................... Private ..........................................

46,208 40,877 5,331 31,639 27,647 3,992 14,570 13,231 1,339

44,979 39,422 5,557 31,229 27,034 4,195 13,750 12,388 1,362

46,451 41,217 5,234 33,962 29,878 3 4,084 12,488 11,338 3 1,150

50,502 44,840 5,662 36,806 32,341 4,465 13,697 12,500 1,197

51,375 45,611 3 5,764 37,315 32,764 3 4,551 14,060 12,847 3 1,213

51,968 46,127 5,841 37,696 33,073 4,623 14,272 13,054 1,218

52,475 46,539 3 5,937 38,048 33,346 3 4,702 14,428 13,193 3 1,235

52,876 46,857 6,018 38,253 33,488 4,765 14,623 13,369 1,254

53,358 47,204 3 6,155 38,556 33,688 3 4,868 14,802 13,515 3 1,287

53,992 47,672 6,320 38,931 33,938 4,993 15,061 13,734 1,326

54,584 48,183 6,401 39,158 34,116 5,042 15,426 14,067 1,359

54,860 48,541 6,319 39,137 34,202 4,935 15,723 14,338 1,384

54,593 48,270 6,323 38,596 33,686 4,910 15,998 14,584 1,414

54,725 48,375 6,349 38,439 33,528 4,910 16,286 14,847 1,439

Postsecondary degree-granting institutions 4 ................................. Public ............................................... Undergraduate ............................. First-professional.......................... Graduate ...................................... Private.............................................. Undergraduate ............................. First-professional.......................... Graduate ......................................

12,097 9,457 8,442 114 901 2,640 2,033 163 443

12,247 9,479 8,477 112 890 2,768 2,120 162 486

13,819 10,845 9,710 112 1,023 2,974 2,250 162 563

14,262 11,092 9,904 115 1,074 3,169 2,328 183 659

14,368 11,120 9,935 117 1,069 3,247 2,392 182 674

14,502 11,196 10,007 118 1,070 3,306 2,443 180 683

14,507 11,138 9,950 121 1,067 3,369 2,487 182 701

14,791 11,309 10,110 123 1,077 3,482 2,571 180 730

15,312 11,753 10,539 124 1,089 3,560 2,616 183 761

15,928 12,233 10,986 128 1,119 3,695 2,730 181 784

16,612 12,752 11,433 132 1,187 3,860 2,824 187 849

16,900 12,857 11,521 134 1,201 4,043 2,952 195 896

17,272

17,350 13,283 11,871 148 1,264 4,068 2,974 211 882

1 Private elementary and secondary education data are 2Includes enrollments in local public school systems

projected. and in most private schools (religiously affiliated and nonsectarian). Excludes homeschooled children who were not also enrolled in public and private schools. Based on the National Household Education Survey, the homeschooled children numbered approximately 1.1 million in 2003. Private elementary enrollment includes preprimary students in schools offering first or higher grades. 3 Estimated. 4Beginning in 1996–97, data are for degree-granting institutions. All other years are for institutions of higher education. 5 Actual data. NOTE: Degree-granting enrollment projections are based on the middle alternative projections published by the National Center for Education Statistics. Data for degree-granting institutions for 1999 were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for

5

5 12,980 5 11,651 5 136 1,194 5 4,292 5 3,130 5 199 5 963 5

details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Systems, 1980; Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary and Secondary Education,” 1985–86 through 2003–04; Youth Survey of the National Household Education Surveys Program (Youth-NHES:1999); Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 1995–96 through 2001–02; Projections of Education Statistics to 2014; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education” surveys, 1980 and 1985; and 1990 through 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared January 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

14

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Enrollment, Teachers, and Schools

Table 3. Enrollment in educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, 1869–70 through fall 2014 [In thousands] Public elementary and secondary schools

Private elementary and secondary schools1

Total enrollment, all levels

Elementary and secondary, total

2

3

4

5

6

7

1869–70................................................ 1879–80................................................ 1889–90................................................ 1899–1900............................................ 1909–10................................................

— — 14,491 17,092 19,728

— — 14,334 16,855 19,372

6,872 9,868 12,723 15,503 17,814

6,792 9,757 12,520 14,984 16,899

80 110 203 519 915

1919–20................................................ 1929–30................................................ 1939–40................................................ 1949–50................................................ Fall 1959 ...............................................

23,876 29,430 29,539 31,151 44,497

23,278 28,329 28,045 28,492 40,857

21,578 25,678 25,434 25,111 35,182

19,378 21,279 18,832 19,387 26,911

2,200 4,399 6,601 5,725 8,271

Fall 1960 ............................................... Fall 1961 ............................................... Fall 1962 ............................................... Fall 1963 ............................................... Fall 1964 ...............................................

46,044 47,509 49,333 51,267 52,996

42,181 43,364 44,849 46,487 47,716

36,281 37,464 38,749 40,187 41,416

27,692 28,095 28,637 29,304 30,025

8,589 9,369 10,112 10,883 11,391

Fall 1965 ............................................... Fall 1966 ............................................... Fall 1967 ............................................... Fall 1968 ............................................... Fall 1969 ...............................................

54,394 55,629 56,803 58,257 59,055

48,473 49,239 49,891 50,744 51,050

42,173 43,039 43,891 44,944 45,550

30,563 31,145 31,641 32,226 32,513

11,610 11,894 12,250 12,718 13,037

Fall 1970 ............................................... Fall 1971 ............................................... Fall 1972 ............................................... Fall 1973 ............................................... Fall 1974 ...............................................

59,838 60,220 59,941 60,047 60,297

51,257 51,271 50,726 50,445 50,073

45,894 46,071 45,726 45,445 45,073

32,558 32,318 31,879 31,401 30,971

13,336 13,753 13,848 14,044 14,103

Fall 1975 ............................................... Fall 1976 ............................................... Fall 1977 ............................................... Fall 1978 ............................................... Fall 1979 ...............................................

61,004 60,490 60,003 58,897 58,221

49,819 49,478 48,717 47,637 46,651

44,819 44,311 43,577 42,551 41,651

30,515 29,997 29,375 28,463 28,034

14,304 14,314 14,203 14,088 13,616

Fall 1980 ............................................... Fall 1981 ............................................... Fall 1982 ............................................... Fall 1983 ............................................... Fall 1984 ...............................................

58,305 57,916 57,591 57,432 57,150

46,208 45,544 45,166 44,967 44,908

40,877 40,044 39,566 39,252 39,208

27,647 27,280 27,161 26,981 26,905

13,231 12,764 12,405 12,271 12,304

Fall 1985 ............................................... Fall 1986 ............................................... Fall 1987 ............................................... Fall 1988 ............................................... Fall 1989 ...............................................

57,226 57,709 58,253 58,485 59,279

44,979 45,205 45,487 45,430 45,741

39,422 39,753 40,008 40,189 40,543

27,034 27,420 27,933 28,501 29,152

12,388 12,333 12,076 11,687 11,390

Fall 1990 ............................................... Fall 1991 ............................................... Fall 1992 ............................................... Fall 1993 ............................................... Fall 1994 ...............................................

60,269 61,681 62,633 63,118 63,888

46,451 47,322 48,145 48,813 49,609

41,217 42,047 42,823 43,465 44,111

29,878 30,506 31,088 31,504 31,898

11,338 11,541 11,735 11,961 12,213

Fall 1995 ............................................... Fall 1996 ............................................... Fall 1997 ............................................... Fall 1998 ............................................... Fall 1999 ...............................................

64,764 65,743 66,470 66,982 67,667

50,502 51,375 51,968 52,475 52,876

44,840 45,611 46,127 46,539 46,857

32,341 32,764 33,073 33,346 33,488

12,500 12,847 13,054 13,193 13,369

Year 1

Prekindergarten through Total grade 8

Prekindergarten through Total grade 8

Grades 9 through 12

Postsecondary degree-granting institutions2

Grades 9 through 12

Total

Public

Private

8

9

10

11

12

— — 1,611 1,352 1,558

— — 1,516 1,241 1,441

— — 95 111 117

52 116 157 238 355

— — — — —

— — — — —

1,699 2,651 2,611 3,380 5,675

1,486 2,310 2,153 2,708 4,640

214 341 458 672 1,035

598 1,101 1,494 2,659 3,640

— — 797 1,355 2,181

— — 698 1,304 1,459

4,800 4,800 3 4,900 3 5,000 3 5,000

1,100 1,100 3 1,200 1,300 1,300

3

5,900 5,900 3 6,100 3 6,300 3 6,300

3

6,300

4,900

1,400

3 6,200

3 4,800

3 1,400

3

3

3

6,000 5,800 3 5,500

4,600 4,400 3 4,200

3

3,863 4,145 3 4,484 4,780 5,280

3

2,326 2,561 3 2,828 3,081 3,468

3

1,537 1,584 3 1,656 1,698 1,812

5,921 6,390 6,912 7,513 8,005

3,970 4,349 4,816 5,431 5,897

1,951 2,041 2,096 2,082 2,108

1,300 1,300

8,581 8,949 9,215 9,602 10,224

6,428 6,804 7,071 7,420 7,989

2,153 2,144 2,144 2,183 2,235

1,400 1,400 3 1,300

5,363

4,052

1,311

3 5,200

3 3,900

3 1,300

3 5,000

3 3,700

3 1,300

3

5,000 3 5,000

3

3,700 3 3,700

3

3

3

3

1,300 1,342 1,343 1,353 3 1,300

11,185 11,012 11,286 11,260 11,570

8,835 8,653 8,847 8,786 9,037

2,350 2,359 2,439 2,474 2,533

1,339 1,400 3 1,400 1,400 3 1,400

12,097 12,372 12,426 12,465 12,242

9,457 9,647 9,696 9,683 9,477

2,640 2,725 2,730 2,782 2,765

1,362 1,336 1,247 3 1,206 3 1,163

12,247 12,504 12,767 13,055 13,539

9,479 9,714 9,973 10,161 10,578

2,768 2,790 2,793 2,894 2,961

1,150 1,162 3 1,147 3 1,132 3 1,163

13,819 14,359 14,487 14,305 14,279

10,845 11,310 11,385 11,189 11,134

2,974 3,049 3,103 3,116 3,145

1,197 1,213 1,218 3 1,235 1,254

14,262 14,368 14,502 14,507 14,791

11,092 11,120 11,196 11,138 11,309

3,169 3,247 3,306 3,369 3,482

5,000 5,167 5,140 5,086 3 5,000 5,331 5,500 3 5,600 5,715 3 5,700 3

5,557 5,452 5,479 3 5,242 3 5,198 3

5,234 5,275 3 5,322 3 5,348 3 5,498 3

5,662 5,764 5,841 3 5,937 6,018 3

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3,700 3,825 3,797 3,732 3 3,700 3,992 4,100 3 4,200 4,315 3 4,300 3

4,195 4,116 4,232 3 4,036 3 4,035 3

4,084 4,113 3 4,175 3 4,215 3 4,335 3

4,465 4,551 4,623 3 4,702 4,765 3

3

3

3

3

3

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Enrollment, Teachers, and Schools

15

Table 3. Enrollment in educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, 1869–70 through fall 2014—Continued [In thousands] Public elementary and secondary schools Prekindergarten through Total grade 8

Prekindergarten through Total grade 8

Total enrollment, all levels

Elementary and secondary, total

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fall 2000 ............................................... Fall 2001 ............................................... Fall 2002 ............................................... Fall 2003 ............................................... Fall 20044 .............................................

68,671 69,920 71,215 71,760 71,865

53,358 53,992 54,604 54,860 54,593

47,204 47,672 48,202 48,541 48,270

33,688 33,938 34,135 34,202 33,686

13,515 13,734 14,067 14,338 14,584

3 6,155

Fall 2005 4 ............................................ Fall 2006 4 ............................................ Fall 2007 4 ............................................ Fall 2008 4 ............................................ Fall 2009 4 ............................................

72,075 72,657 73,078 73,505 73,861

54,725 54,993 55,102 55,154 55,221

48,375 48,574 48,664 48,696 48,740

33,528 33,565 33,603 33,702 33,870

14,847 15,010 15,060 14,994 14,871

6,349 6,419 6,439 6,458 6,481

Fall 2010 4 ............................................ Fall 2011 4 ............................................ Fall 2012 4 ............................................ Fall 2013 4 ............................................ Fall 2014 4 ............................................

74,168 74,523 74,971 75,514 76,158

55,352 55,551 55,839 56,225 56,688

48,842 49,004 49,248 49,584 49,993

34,097 34,439 34,846 35,268 35,681

14,745 14,565 14,402 14,315 14,312

6,510 6,547 6,591 6,641 6,695

Year 1

—Not available. 1 Beginning in fall 1980, data include estimates for an expanded universe of private schools. Therefore, direct comparisons with earlier years should be avoided. 2 Data for 1869–70 through 1949–50 include resident degree-credit students enrolled at any time during the academic year. Beginning in 1959, data include all resident and extension students enrolled at the beginning of the fall term. 3 Estimated. 4 Projected. 5Actual data. NOTE: Elementary and secondary enrollment includes students in local public school systems and in most private schools (religiously affiliated and nonsectarian), but generally excludes homeschooled children and students in subcollegiate departments of colleges and in federal schools. Based on the National Household Education Survey, the homeschooled children numbered approximately 1.1 million in 2003. Excludes preprimary pupils in private schools that do not offer first grade or above. Beginning in 1996–97, postsecondary data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting insti-

Postsecondary degree-granting institutions2

Private elementary and secondary schools1

Grades 9 through 12

6,320 6,401 4 6,319 6,323 4

Grades 9 through 12

Total

Public

8

9

10

11

12

3 4,868

3 1,287

1,326 1,359 4 1,384 1,414

15,312 15,928 16,612 16,900 5 17,272

11,753 12,233 12,752 12,857 5 12,980

3,560 3,695 3,860 4,043 5 4,292

4,910 4,963 4,978 5,002 5,030

1,439 1,456 1,461 1,457 1,450

17,350 17,664 17,975 18,351 18,640

13,283 13,518 13,752 14,034 14,251

4,068 4,146 4,223 4,316 4,389

5,064 5,114 5,171 5,231 5,290

1,446 1,433 1,419 1,410 1,405

18,816 18,973 19,132 19,290 19,470

14,380 14,494 14,612 14,730 14,866

4,436 4,478 4,520 4,560 4,605

4,993 5,042 4 4,935 4,910 4

4

Private

tutions are 2-year and 4-year institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Data for degree-granting institutions for 1999 were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Annual Report of the Commissioner of Education, 1870 to 1910; Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1949–50; Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Systems, 1959 through 1980; Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary and Secondary Education,” 1981–82 through 2003–04; Youth Survey of the National Household Education Surveys Program (Youth-NHES:1999); Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 1989–90 through 2001–02; Projections of Education Statistics to 2014; Opening (Fall) Enrollment in Higher Education, 1959 through 1962; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education” surveys, 1966 through 1985; and 1986 through 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared January 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

16

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Enrollment, Teachers, and Schools

Table 4. Number of teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and instructional staff in postsecondary degree-granting institutions, by control of institution: Selected years, fall 1970 through fall 2014 [In thousands] Elementary and secondary teachers1

All levels Year

Degree-granting institutions instructional staff2

Total

Public

Private

Total

Public

Private

Total

Public

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1970.......................................... 1975.......................................... 1980.......................................... 1981.......................................... 1982..........................................

2,766 3,081 3,171 3,145 3,168

2,373 2,641 2,679 2,636 2,639

393 440 492 509 529

2,292 2,453 2,485 2,440 2,458

2,059 2,198 2,184 2,127 2,133

233 3 255 301 3 313 3 325

474 628 3,4 686 705 3,4 710

314 443 3,4 495 509 3,4 506

160 185 3,4 191 196 3,4 204

1983.......................................... 1984.......................................... 1985.......................................... 1986.......................................... 1987..........................................

3,200 3,225 3,264 3,314 3,424

2,651 2,673 2,709 2,754 2,831

549 552 555 560 592

2,476 2,508 2,549 2,592 2,631

2,139 2,168 2,206 2,244 2,279

1988.......................................... 1989.......................................... 1990.......................................... 1991.......................................... 1992..........................................

3,472 3,558 3,570 3,613 3,699

2,882 2,934 2,972 3,013 3,080

590 624 599 600 620

2,668 2,734 2,753 2,787 2,822

1993.......................................... 1994.......................................... 1995.......................................... 1996.......................................... 1997..........................................

3,785 3,849 3,910 4,009 4,124

3,154 3,205 3,255 3,339 3,441

631 644 655 669 683

2,870 2,926 2,978 3,054 3,134

1

724 717 3,4 715 3,4 722 793

512 505 3,4 503 3,4 510 553

3,4

3,4

2,323 2,357 2,398 2,432 2,459

3

3

3

2,504 2,552 2,598 2,667 2,746

3

3

1998.......................................... 1999.......................................... 2000.......................................... 2001.......................................... 2002..........................................

4,221 4,334 4,398 4,503 4,585

3,527 3,624 3,682 3,771 3,826

694 710 716 732 759

3,221 3,306 3,331 3,390 3,428

2,830 2,911 2,941 3,000 3,034

20035 ........................................ 20045 ........................................ 20055 ........................................ 20065 ........................................ 20075 ........................................

4,622 — — — —

3,841 — — — —

781 — — — —

3,447 3,501 3,526 3,570 3,601

20085 ........................................ 20095 ........................................ 20105 ........................................ 20115 ........................................ 20125 ........................................

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

20135 ........................................ 20145 ........................................

— —

— —

— —

—Not available. 1 Includes teachers in local public school systems and in most private schools (religiously affiliated and nonsectarian). Teachers are reported in terms of full-time equivalents. 2Beginning in 1996–97, data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions are 2-year and 4-year institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Includes full-time and part-time faculty with the rank of instructor or above in colleges, universities, professional schools, and 2-year colleges. Excludes teaching assistants. 3 Estimated. 4Inclusion of institutions is not consistent with surveys for 1987 and later years. 5 Projected.

337 340 343 3 348 3 352 3

345 377 3 355 3 355 3 363 3

366 374 3 380 3 387 388 3

804 824 3 817 826 3 877 915 923 932 3 954 990 3

3

559 577 3 574 581 3 621 650 653 657 3 672 695 3

3

697 713 3 741 771 3 792

Private

212 212 3,4 212 3,4 212 240 3,4

3 245

247 244 245 3 257 3

265 3 270

275 3 282

295 3

391 395 3 390 390 394

999 1,028 3 1,067 1,113 3 1,157

303 315 3 326 342 3 365

3,049 3,100 3,122 3,161 3,188

399 401 404 409 413

1,175 — — — —

793 — — — —

382 — — — —

3,625 3,650 3,680 3,718 3,769

3,209 3,230 3,256 3,288 3,333

416 420 424 430 436

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

3,825 3,887

3,382 3,437

443 451

— —

— —

— —

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Headcounts are used to report data for degree-granting institutions instructional staff. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary Day Schools, 1970 and 1975; Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1980 through 2003; Projections of Education Statistics to 2014; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Staff” survey, 1970 and 1975; 1987 through 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), “Fall Staff Survey” (IPEDS-S:87–99), and Winter 2001–02 and Winter 2003–04; U.S. Equal Opportunity Commission, EEO-6, 1981 and 1983; and unpublished data. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Enrollment, Teachers, and Schools

17

Table 5. Number of educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2003–04 Level and control of institution 1

1980–81

1990–91

1993–94

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–99

1999– 2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

All institutions .....................................

—

—

—

—

—

—

123,504

—

125,642

—

129,843

—

—

Elementary and secondary schools .....

106,746

109,228

111,486

—

114,811

—

116,910

—

119,235

—

123,385

—

—

Elementary ................................................... Secondary .................................................... Combined ..................................................... Other1 ...........................................................

72,659 24,856 5,202 4,029

74,716 23,602 8,847 2,063

75,591 23,256 10,678 1,962

— — — —

77,909 23,530 11,205 2,167

— — — —

79,362 24,169 11,412 1,967

— — — —

80,661 24,903 12,197 1,474

— — — —

82,655 24,884 14,430 1,416

— — — —

— — — —

Public schools............................................... Elementary................................................ Secondary................................................. Combined ................................................. Other1 .......................................................

85,982 59,326 22,619 1,743 2,294

84,538 59,015 21,135 2,325 2,063

85,393 60,052 20,705 2,674 1,962

86,221 60,808 20,904 2,764 1,745

87,125 61,165 20,997 2,796 2,167

88,223 61,805 21,307 2,980 2,131

89,508 62,739 21,682 3,120 1,967

90,874 63,462 22,076 3,721 1,615

92,012 64,131 22,365 4,042 1,474

93,273 64,601 21,994 5,096 1,582

94,112 65,228 22,180 5,288 1,416

95,615 65,718 22,599 5,552 1,746

95,726 65,758 22,782 5,437 1,749

Private schools ............................................. Elementary................................................ Secondary................................................. Combined ................................................. Other1 .......................................................

20,764 13,333 2,237 3,459 1,735

24,690 15,701 2,467 6,522 (2)

26,093 15,539 2,551 8,004 ( 2)

— — — — —

27,686 16,744 2,533 8,409 ( 2)

— — — — —

27,402 16,623 2,487 8,292 ( 2)

— — — — —

27,223 16,530 2,538 8,155 ( 2)

— — — — —

29,273 17,427 2,704 9,142 ( 2)

— — — — —

— — — — —

Postsecondary Title IV institutions .......

—

—

—

—

—

6,669

6,594

6,431

6,407

6,479

6,458

6,354

6,412

Public............................................................

—

—

—

—

—

2,069

2,163

2,090

2,078

2,084

2,099

2,051

2,047

Private .......................................................... Not-for-profit.............................................. For-profit ...................................................

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

4,600 2,027 2,573

4,431 2,007 2,424

4,341 1,986 2,355

4,329 1,936 2,393

4,395 1,950 2,445

4,359 1,941 2,418

4,303 1,921 2,382

4,365 1,913 2,452

Title IV non-degree-granting institutions ....... Public ........................................................ Private....................................................... Not-for-profit .......................................... For-profit................................................

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

2,660 367 2,293 334 1,959

2,530 456 2,074 300 1,774

2,383 409 1,974 291 1,683

2,323 396 1,927 255 1,672

2,297 386 1,911 255 1,656

2,261 386 1,875 265 1,610

2,186 339 1,847 256 1,591

2,176 327 1,849 249 1,600

Title IV degree-granting institutions3............. 2-year colleges.......................................... Public .................................................... Private ................................................... Not-for-profit ...................................... For-profit............................................ 4-year colleges.......................................... Public .................................................... Private ................................................... Not-for-profit ...................................... For-profit............................................

3,231 1,274 945 329 182 147 1,957 552 1,405 1,387 18

3,559 1,418 972 446 167 279 2,141 595 1,546 1,482 64

3,632 1,442 1,021 421 181 240 2,190 604 1,586 1,506 80

3,688 1,473 1,036 437 192 245 2,215 605 1,610 1,510 100

3,706 1,462 1,047 415 187 228 2,244 608 1,636 1,519 117

4,009 1,742 1,088 654 184 470 2,267 614 1,653 1,509 144

4,064 1,755 1,092 663 179 484 2,309 615 1,694 1,528 166

4,048 1,713 1,069 644 164 480 2,335 612 1,723 1,531 192

4,084 1,721 1,068 653 150 503 2,363 614 1,749 1,531 218

4,182 1,732 1,076 656 144 512 2,450 622 1,828 1,551 277

4,197 1,710 1,085 625 135 490 2,487 628 1,859 1,541 318

4,168 1,702 1,081 621 127 494 2,466 631 1,835 1,538 297

4,236 1,706 1,086 620 118 502 2,530 634 1,896 1,546 350

—Not available. 1 Includes special education, alternative, and other schools not classified by grade span. Because of changes in survey definitions, figures for “other” schools are not comparable from year to year. 2 Included in other private school categories. 3 Includes those colleges designated as institutions of higher education by the Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS) system, even if all their programs are less than 2 years. Includes branch campuses. Beginning in 1996–97, data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions include those institutions that award degrees at the associate’s level or higher and were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 1989–90 through 2003–04; Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 1980–81 through 2001–02; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Institutional Characteristics of Colleges and Universities” survey, 1980–81; and 1990–91 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), “Institutional Characteristics Survey” (IPEDS-IC:90–99), and Fall 2001 through Fall 2003. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

18

n em l l o r nTable E 6. Percentage of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by sex, race/ethnicity, and age: Selected years, 1980 through 2004

Year and age 1

Male

Female

Total

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Total

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Total

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1980 Total, 3 to 34 years..............................

49.7

(0.21)

48.8

(0.24)

54.0

(0.68)

49.8

(1.07)

50.9

(0.30)

50.0

(0.34)

56.2

(0.98)

49.9

(1.53)

48.5

(0.30)

47.7

(0.34)

52.1

(0.94)

49.8

(1.51)

3 and 4 years............................................ 5 and 6 years............................................ 7 to 9 years ............................................... 10 to 13 years ........................................... 14 and 15 years ........................................ 16 and 17 years ........................................ 18 and 19 years ........................................ 20 and 21 years ........................................ 22 to 24 years ........................................... 25 to 29 years ........................................... 30 to 34 years ...........................................

36.7 95.7 99.1 99.4 98.2 89.0 46.4 31.0 16.3 9.3 6.4

(0.95) (0.40) (0.15) (0.10) (0.22) (0.51) (0.80) (0.74) (0.49) (0.31) (0.27)

37.4 95.9 99.1 99.4 98.7 89.2 47.0 33.0 16.8 9.4 6.4

(1.12) (0.46) (0.17) (0.12) (0.22) (0.57) (0.91) (0.85) (0.56) (0.35) (0.30)

38.2 95.5 99.4 99.4 97.9 90.7 45.8 23.3 13.6 8.8 6.9

(2.83) (1.22) (0.35) (0.31) (0.72) (1.44) (2.56) (2.21) (1.53) (1.04) (1.00)

28.5 94.5 98.4 99.7 94.3 81.8 37.8 19.5 11.7 6.9 5.1

(3.92) (2.13) (0.91) (0.36) (1.87) (3.25) (3.94) (3.29) (2.26) (1.43) (1.35)

37.8 95.0 99.0 99.4 98.7 89.1 47.0 32.6 17.8 9.8 5.9

(1.33) (0.60) (0.22) (0.14) (0.27) (0.71) (1.14) (1.08) (0.73) (0.45) (0.37)

39.2 95.4 99.0 99.4 98.9 89.4 48.5 34.8 18.7 9.8 5.6

(1.58) (0.68) (0.26) (0.16) (0.28) (0.79) (1.29) (1.23) (0.83) (0.50) (0.40)

36.4 94.1 99.5 99.4 98.4 90.7 42.9 22.8 13.4 10.6 7.2

(3.94) (1.95) (0.45) (0.42) (0.88) (2.04) (3.73) (3.29) (2.29) (1.70) (1.55)

30.1 94.0 97.7 99.4 96.7 81.5 36.9 21.4 10.7 6.8 6.2

(5.37) (3.22) (1.57) (0.66) (2.10) (4.70) (5.44) (4.88) (3.14) (2.06) (2.07)

35.5 96.4 99.2 99.4 97.7 88.8 45.8 29.5 14.9 8.8 7.0

(1.34) (0.53) (0.20) (0.15) (0.36) (0.72) (1.11) (1.02) (0.66) (0.42) (0.39)

35.5 96.5 99.2 99.3 98.5 89.0 45.7 31.3 15.0 9.1 7.2

(1.58) (0.61) (0.24) (0.18) (0.34) (0.82) (1.26) (1.18) (0.75) (0.48) (0.45)

40.0 97.0 99.3 99.3 97.3 90.6 48.3 23.7 13.7 7.5 6.6

(4.04) (1.43) (0.54) (0.46) (1.15) (2.05) (3.51) (2.99) (2.05) (1.29) (1.32)

26.6 94.9 99.0 99.9 92.1 82.2 38.8 17.6 12.6 6.9 4.1

(5.71) (2.83) (0.99) (0.25) (2.99) (4.49) (5.71) (4.43) (3.24) (1.99) (1.71)

1990 Total, 3 to 34 years..............................

50.2

(0.23)

49.8

(0.27)

52.2

(0.71)

47.2

(1.06)

50.9

(0.32)

50.4

(0.38)

54.3

(1.02)

46.8

(1.48)

49.5

(0.32)

49.2

(0.38)

50.3

(0.99)

47.7

(1.52)

3 and 4 years............................................ 5 and 6 years............................................ 7 to 9 years ............................................... 10 to 13 years ........................................... 14 and 15 years ........................................ 16 and 17 years ........................................ 18 and 19 years ........................................ 20 and 21 years ........................................ 22 to 24 years ........................................... 25 to 29 years ........................................... 30 to 34 years ...........................................

44.4 96.5 99.7 99.6 99.0 92.5 57.2 39.7 21.0 9.7 5.8

(0.99) (0.37) (0.09) (0.09) (0.19) (0.52) (0.94) (0.92) (0.63) (0.33) (0.25)

47.2 96.7 99.7 99.7 99.0 93.5 59.1 43.1 21.9 10.4 6.2

(1.19) (0.43) (0.11) (0.10) (0.23) (0.58) (1.10) (1.10) (0.75) (0.39) (0.30)

41.8 96.5 99.8 99.9 99.4 91.7 55.0 28.3 19.7 6.1 4.5

(2.98) (1.05) (0.19) (0.15) (0.46) (1.59) (2.83) (2.57) (2.01) (0.87) (0.75)

30.7 94.9 99.5 99.1 99.0 85.4 44.0 27.2 9.9 6.3 3.6

(4.08) (1.96) (0.52) (0.64) (0.90) (3.22) (4.36) (3.83) (2.05) (1.29) (0.99)

43.9 96.5 99.7 99.6 99.1 92.6 58.2 40.3 22.3 9.2 4.8

(1.38) (0.51) (0.13) (0.13) (0.25) (0.72) (1.33) (1.32) (0.92) (0.46) (0.33)

47.9 96.8 99.7 99.6 99.2 93.4 59.7 44.2 23.7 10.0 5.0

(1.66) (0.59) (0.16) (0.14) (0.30) (0.82) (1.56) (1.59) (1.11) (0.55) (0.38)

38.1 96.2 99.9 99.9 99.7 93.0 60.4 31.0 19.3 4.7 2.3

(4.14) (1.53) (0.24) (0.19) (0.48) (2.09) (3.99) (3.81) (3.03) (1.14) (0.80)

28.0 95.8 99.5 99.0 99.1 85.5 40.7 21.7 11.2 4.6 4.0

(5.57) (2.48) (0.70) (0.93) (1.11) (4.40) (6.23) (4.95) (2.98) (1.55) (1.45)

44.9 96.4 99.6 99.7 98.9 92.4 56.3 39.2 19.9 10.2 6.9

(1.41) (0.53) (0.14) (0.12) (0.29) (0.74) (1.32) (1.28) (0.86) (0.47) (0.38)

46.6 96.7 99.7 99.7 98.9 93.7 58.5 42.0 20.3 10.7 7.4

(1.70) (0.62) (0.15) (0.13) (0.35) (0.81) (1.57) (1.53) (1.02) (0.56) (0.46)

45.5 96.9 99.8 99.8 99.1 90.5 49.8 25.8 20.0 7.3 6.3

(4.25) (1.43) (0.31) (0.25) (0.79) (2.41) (3.96) (3.45) (2.68) (1.27) (1.19)

33.6 93.9 99.4 99.1 98.8 85.3 47.2 33.1 8.4 8.1 3.1

(5.95) (3.05) (0.79) (0.87) (1.47) (4.74) (6.08) (5.79) (2.77) (2.06) (1.32)

2000 Total, 3 to 34 years.............................. 3 and 4 years............................................ 5 and 6 years............................................ 7 to 9 years ............................................... 10 to 13 years ........................................... 14 and 15 years ........................................ 16 and 17 years ........................................ 18 and 19 years ........................................ 20 and 21 years ........................................ 22 to 24 years ........................................... 25 to 29 years ........................................... 30 to 34 years ...........................................

55.9 52.1 95.6 98.1 98.3 98.7 92.8 61.2 44.1 24.6 11.4 6.7

(0.22) (0.93) (0.38) (0.20) (0.17) (0.20) (0.45) (0.84) (0.88) (0.63) (0.37) (0.28)

56.0 54.6 95.5 98.4 98.5 98.9 94.0 63.9 49.2 24.9 11.1 6.1

(0.27) (1.19) (0.49) (0.24) (0.19) (0.22) (0.50) (1.02) (1.10) (0.78) (0.45) (0.32)

59.3 59.8 96.7 97.5 98.5 99.6 91.7 57.2 37.4 24.0 14.5 9.9

(0.60) (2.51) (0.89) (0.62) (0.42) (0.30) (1.32) (2.34) (2.38) (1.76) (1.18) (0.97)

51.3 35.9 94.3 97.5 97.4 96.2 87.0 49.5 26.1 18.2 7.4 5.6

(0.63) (2.37) (1.13) (0.65) (0.59) (0.99) (1.77) (2.47) (2.22) (1.64) (0.88) (0.75)

55.8 50.8 95.1 98.0 98.3 98.7 92.7 58.3 41.0 23.9 10.0 5.6

(0.31) (1.30) (0.56) (0.29) (0.23) (0.27) (0.63) (1.19) (1.23) (0.88) (0.50) (0.36)

55.8 54.1 94.5 98.1 98.2 98.8 94.7 61.2 45.8 25.0 10.5 4.7

(0.38) (1.66) (0.76) (0.36) (0.30) (0.33) (0.66) (1.46) (1.54) (1.12) (0.62) (0.41)

59.7 58.0 96.0 98.2 98.8 99.6 88.9 51.5 31.3 22.0 11.6 8.5

(0.85) (3.53) (1.38) (0.72) (0.52) (0.42) (2.10) (3.46) (3.42) (2.46) (1.63) (1.34)

50.5 31.9 95.4 96.6 98.4 96.9 85.7 48.0 24.2 15.2 5.1 5.7

(0.88) (3.23) (1.41) (1.09) (0.65) (1.26) (2.60) (3.41) (3.02) (2.09) (1.06) (1.06)

56.0 53.4 96.1 98.2 98.3 98.6 92.9 64.2 47.3 25.3 12.7 7.7

(0.31) (1.33) (0.51) (0.28) (0.24) (0.29) (0.64) (1.17) (1.26) (0.90) (0.53) (0.41)

56.1 55.2 96.4 98.6 98.8 99.0 93.3 66.7 52.7 24.8 11.8 7.4

(0.38) (1.71) (0.63) (0.32) (0.25) (0.31) (0.76) (1.42) (1.58) (1.09) (0.65) (0.50)

59.0 61.8 97.5 96.7 98.1 99.6 94.6 62.2 42.3 25.8 16.7 11.2

(0.83) (3.56) (1.12) (1.01) (0.66) (0.42) (1.54) (3.15) (3.26) (2.51) (1.66) (1.39)

52.2 40.0 93.1 98.4 96.4 95.4 88.3 51.1 28.1 21.6 9.5 5.5

(0.89) (3.44) (1.79) (0.74) (1.01) (1.54) (2.40) (3.59) (3.26) (2.55) (1.38) (1.05)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Enrollment Rates

Total

n em l l o r nTable E 6. Percentage of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by sex, race/ethnicity, and age: Selected years, 1980 through 2004—Continued Total Year and age 1

Male

Total

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

2

3

4

5

Female

Total

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

6

7

8

9

Total

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

10

11

12

13

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

56.2 56.3 95.5 98.1 98.5 98.4 94.3 63.3 47.8 25.6 12.1 6.6

(0.20) (0.89) (0.37) (0.20) (0.15) (0.20) (0.37) (0.79) (0.83) (0.59) (0.35) (0.25)

56.9 59.2 95.4 98.2 98.6 98.6 95.3 67.1 53.1 27.3 12.2 6.3

(0.26) (1.14) (0.49) (0.25) (0.18) (0.24) (0.43) (0.97) (1.04) (0.77) (0.45) (0.31)

60.4 59.6 96.2 98.2 98.4 98.2 94.0 58.7 45.0 23.5 13.9 10.1

(0.57) (2.40) (0.92) (0.51) (0.40) (0.59) (1.05) (2.26) (2.41) (1.66) (1.12) (0.94)

50.2 44.3 95.1 98.1 98.3 98.1 90.9 50.6 24.6 15.3 8.4 4.4

(0.55) (2.29) (0.98) (0.52) (0.43) (0.63) (1.37) (2.29) (1.94) (1.26) (0.78) (0.58)

55.9 56.3 95.5 98.2 98.3 98.4 94.0 61.8 44.8 23.8 10.7 5.5

(0.29) (1.24) (0.51) (0.26) (0.22) (0.28) (0.54) (1.12) (1.16) (0.82) (0.48) (0.33)

56.9 59.1 94.9 98.2 98.5 98.5 95.2 66.3 49.2 27.6 11.1 5.5

(0.36) (1.59) (0.72) (0.34) (0.26) (0.34) (0.60) (1.38) (1.47) (1.10) (0.61) (0.41)

60.8 59.3 96.8 99.3 98.2 97.6 93.8 55.8 41.5 16.4 10.4 7.9

(0.82) (3.37) (1.16) (0.46) (0.60) (0.94) (1.51) (3.16) (3.50) (2.18) (1.48) (1.27)

48.4 45.3 95.5 98.1 97.5 98.2 88.8 48.4 24.5 11.5 7.0 3.1

(0.76) (3.20) (1.31) (0.73) (0.71) (0.84) (2.18) (3.09) (2.65) (1.48) (0.98) (0.67)

56.6 56.3 95.5 97.9 98.7 98.5 94.7 65.0 50.9 27.3 13.5 7.7

(0.29) (1.27) (0.53) (0.29) (0.19) (0.28) (0.52) (1.12) (1.18) (0.85) (0.52) (0.38)

56.9 59.3 95.9 98.1 98.7 98.6 95.5 67.9 57.0 27.0 13.4 7.2

(0.37) (1.63) (0.66) (0.36) (0.25) (0.33) (0.61) (1.36) (1.46) (1.06) (0.66) (0.47)

60.0 60.0 95.5 97.1 98.5 98.7 94.1 61.9 48.0 29.1 16.7 11.8

(0.79) (3.42) (1.46) (0.89) (0.54) (0.69) (1.45) (3.20) (3.32) (2.37) (1.61) (1.36)

52.1 43.3 94.7 98.1 99.1 97.9 92.8 53.2 24.6 20.1 9.9 6.0

(0.80) (3.26) (1.47) (0.73) (0.46) (0.96) (1.71) (3.40) (2.84) (2.11) (1.22) (0.97)

2003 1 Total, 3 to 34 years.............................. 3 and 4 years............................................ 5 and 6 years............................................ 7 to 9 years ............................................... 10 to 13 years ........................................... 14 and 15 years ........................................ 16 and 17 years ........................................ 18 and 19 years ........................................ 20 and 21 years ........................................ 22 to 24 years ........................................... 25 to 29 years ........................................... 30 to 34 years ...........................................

56.2 55.1 94.5 98.1 98.4 97.5 94.9 64.5 48.3 27.8 11.8 6.8

(0.20) (0.85) (0.40) (0.19) (0.15) (0.25) (0.34) (0.80) (0.83) (0.59) (0.34) (0.26)

57.0 58.8 95.8 98.2 98.5 97.5 95.6 67.9 51.8 29.4 12.5 6.8

(0.26) (1.10) (0.46) (0.25) (0.19) (0.31) (0.41) (0.99) (1.06) (0.76) (0.46) (0.33)

59.4 56.1 94.5 98.2 98.2 97.8 94.6 61.9 41.7 28.2 12.5 8.6

(0.57) (2.37) (1.17) (0.52) (0.43) (0.63) (0.98) (2.34) (2.35) (1.75) (1.07) (0.88)

49.6 43.7 91.6 97.5 98.3 96.7 92.1 50.5 33.7 16.1 6.2 4.6

(0.54) (2.16) (1.27) (0.58) (0.42) (0.77) (1.22) (2.38) (2.13) (1.30) (0.65) (0.57)

55.9 55.9 94.7 97.9 98.3 97.5 95.0 62.4 43.4 26.1 10.8 6.3

(0.28) (1.18) (0.56) (0.28) (0.22) (0.35) (0.48) (1.15) (1.18) (0.82) (0.47) (0.35)

57.1 60.6 96.2 97.7 98.2 97.4 96.1 65.4 47.9 28.9 11.7 6.3

(0.36) (1.52) (0.62) (0.39) (0.29) (0.46) (0.54) (1.42) (1.52) (1.07) (0.63) (0.45)

60.4 57.5 92.6 98.7 98.2 98.2 94.9 62.3 34.4 24.4 9.6 7.4

(0.82) (3.27) (1.93) (0.60) (0.63) (0.78) (1.34) (3.38) (3.34) (2.43) (1.43) (1.24)

47.3 42.9 91.3 97.5 98.4 96.7 90.4 47.0 27.2 13.3 4.9 3.8

(0.74) (2.91) (1.83) (0.81) (0.57) (1.12) (1.88) (3.28) (2.74) (1.64) (0.78) (0.71)

56.4 54.1 94.4 98.3 98.6 97.5 94.8 66.6 52.9 29.5 12.8 7.3

(0.29) (1.24) (0.58) (0.26) (0.21) (0.35) (0.50) (1.12) (1.17) (0.85) (0.50) (0.37)

57.0 56.9 95.3 98.6 98.8 97.6 95.1 70.3 55.6 29.9 13.2 7.3

(0.37) (1.60) (0.69) (0.32) (0.25) (0.43) (0.61) (1.37) (1.46) (1.09) (0.66) (0.48)

58.5 54.6 96.3 97.6 98.3 97.4 94.3 61.7 47.9 31.5 14.8 9.5

(0.80) (3.43) (1.35) (0.87) (0.59) (1.02) (1.42) (3.25) (3.24) (2.49) (1.53) (1.23)

52.2 44.7 92.0 97.5 98.2 96.8 93.8 54.4 41.1 19.4 7.9 5.6

(0.78) (3.23) (1.75) (0.83) (0.63) (1.06) (1.54) (3.43) (3.26) (2.06) (1.07) (0.91)

2004 1 Total, 3 to 34 years.............................. 3 and 4 years............................................ 5 and 6 years............................................ 7 to 9 years ............................................... 10 to 13 years ........................................... 14 and 15 years ........................................ 16 and 17 years ........................................ 18 and 19 years ........................................ 20 and 21 years ........................................ 22 to 24 years ........................................... 25 to 29 years ........................................... 30 to 34 years ...........................................

56.2 54.0 95.4 98.1 98.6 98.5 94.5 64.4 48.9 26.3 13.0 6.6

(0.20) (0.85) (0.37) (0.20) (0.14) (0.19) (0.36) (0.80) (0.82) (0.58) (0.35) (0.26)

56.9 56.0 96.2 98.3 98.6 98.5 95.1 68.1 54.0 27.0 13.5 6.7

(0.26) (1.13) (0.44) (0.24) (0.19) (0.25) (0.43) (0.97) (1.04) (0.75) (0.47) (0.33)

59.3 59.9 93.9 97.3 99.3 98.9 95.7 60.5 40.4 25.0 14.8 7.3

(0.57) (2.24) (1.17) (0.64) (0.27) (0.44) (0.88) (2.33) (2.32) (1.66) (1.13) (0.82)

50.7 43.9 93.0 97.6 97.5 98.2 90.2 50.1 32.2 19.4 8.1 5.3

(0.53) (2.07) (1.14) (0.57) (0.50) (0.57) (1.33) (2.32) (2.03) (1.39) (0.72) (0.61)

55.8 54.7 95.5 97.8 98.5 98.7 94.9 60.3 46.6 24.1 11.5 5.6

(0.28) (1.17) (0.51) (0.30) (0.21) (0.25) (0.49) (1.15) (1.15) (0.80) (0.48) (0.34)

56.7 57.2 96.2 98.2 98.4 98.7 95.6 63.8 50.6 25.1 12.7 6.2

(0.37) (1.58) (0.61) (0.36) (0.27) (0.32) (0.57) (1.42) (1.47) (1.04) (0.65) (0.45)

59.5 61.2 93.5 96.6 99.1 98.8 96.8 59.9 38.4 20.4 9.1 3.9

(0.82) (2.97) (1.67) (1.02) (0.43) (0.69) (1.07) (3.41) (3.42) (2.23) (1.36) (0.93)

48.5 43.8 93.9 97.2 97.5 99.0 89.2 43.9 30.6 17.2 6.7 3.3

(0.74) (2.83) (1.55) (0.83) (0.69) (0.62) (1.98) (3.18) (2.75) (1.80) (0.90) (0.67)

56.7 53.2 95.3 98.5 98.7 98.3 94.1 68.5 51.3 28.4 14.4 7.7

(0.29) (3.66) (1.60) (0.75) (0.58) (0.82) (1.56) (3.24) (3.42) (2.56) (1.61) (1.20)

57.1 54.7 96.2 98.5 98.7 98.3 94.5 72.5 57.4 28.8 14.4 7.2

(0.37) (1.62) (0.64) (0.33) (0.25) (0.37) (0.65) (1.32) (1.46) (1.07) (0.68) (0.48)

59.0 58.3 94.3 98.2 99.5 99.1 94.6 61.1 42.1 29.3 19.5 9.9

(0.80) (3.39) (1.63) (0.77) (0.32) (0.57) (1.40) (3.19) (3.16) (2.43) (1.70) (1.27)

53.1 44.0 92.2 97.9 97.5 97.5 91.3 56.9 34.0 22.0 9.7 7.5

(0.77) (3.03) (1.67) (0.77) (0.73) (0.92) (1.79) (3.34) (3.01) (2.16) (1.17) (1.05)

1White,

cedures and may not be comparable to figures for earlier years. Total includes persons from other racial/ethnic groups not shown separately. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October, selected years, 1980 through 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

19

non-Hispanic and Black, non-Hispanic data exclude persons identifying themselves as more than one race. NOTE: Includes enrollment in any type of graded public, parochial, or other private schools. Includes nursery schools, kindergartens, elementary schools, high schools, colleges, universities, and professional schools. Attendance may be on either a full-time or part-time basis and during the day or night. Enrollments in “special” schools, such as trade schools, business colleges, or correspondence schools, are not included. Beginning in 1995, preprimary enrollment was collected using new pro-

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Enrollment Rates

2002 Total, 3 to 34 years.............................. 3 and 4 years............................................ 5 and 6 years............................................ 7 to 9 years ............................................... 10 to 13 years ........................................... 14 and 15 years ........................................ 16 and 17 years ........................................ 18 and 19 years ........................................ 20 and 21 years ........................................ 22 to 24 years ........................................... 25 to 29 years ........................................... 30 to 34 years ...........................................

20

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Enrollment Rates

Table 7. Percentage of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by age group: Selected years, 1940 through 2004 18 and 19 years

Year

Total, 3 to 34 years

1

3 and 4 years

2

5 and 6 years

3

7 to 13 years

4

1940.......................

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

1945.......................

—

(†)

—

(†)

1947.......................

—

(†)

—

1948.......................

—

(†)

—

1949.......................

—

(†)

—

14 to 17 years

5

6

In elementary and Total secondary 7

20 to 24 years

In higher education

8

(†) 95.0

(—) 79.3

(—) 28.9

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 98.1

(—) 78.4

(—) 20.7

(—)

—

(†)

(†) 73.8

(—) 98.5

(—) 79.3

(—) 24.3

(—)

—

(†)

(†) 74.7

(—) 98.1

(—) 81.8

(—) 26.9

(—)

—

(†)

(†) 76.2

(—) 98.6

(—) 81.6

(—) 25.3

(—)

—

(†)

Total

9 —

20 and 21 years

10 (—)

22 to 24 years

11 —

(†)

25 to 29 years

12

(†)

6.6

—

(†)

—

(†)

3.9

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†) 10.2

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

9.7

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

9.2

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

30 to 34 years

13

14

(†) —

(†)

—

(†) —

(†)

3.0

(—) —

(†)

2.6

(—) —

(†)

3.8

(—) —

(†) (—)

—

1950.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 74.4

(—) 98.7

(—) 83.7

(—) 29.4

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

9.0

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

3.0

(—) 0.9

1951.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 73.6

(—) 99.1

(—) 85.2

(—) 26.2

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

8.6

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

2.5

(—) —

(†)

1952.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 75.2

(—) 98.8

(—) 85.2

(—) 28.8

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

9.7

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

2.6

(—) 1.2

(—)

1953.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 78.6

(—) 99.4

(—) 85.9

(—) 31.2

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 11.1

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

2.9

(—) 1.7

(—)

1954.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 77.3

(—) 99.4

(—) 87.1

(—) 32.4

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 11.2

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

4.1

(—) 1.5

(—)

1955.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 78.1

(—) 99.2

(—) 86.9

(—) 31.5

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 11.1

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

4.2

(—) 1.6

(—)

1956.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 77.6

(—) 99.3

(—) 88.2

(—) 35.4

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 12.8

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

5.1

(—) 1.9

(—)

1957.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 78.6

(—) 99.5

(—) 89.5

(—) 34.9

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 14.0

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†) —

(†)

1958.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 80.4

(—) 99.5

(—) 89.2

(—) 37.6

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 13.4

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†) —

(†)

1959.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 80.0

(—) 99.4

(—) 90.2

(—) 36.8

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 12.7

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†) —

(†)

1960.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 80.7

(—) 99.5

(—) 90.3

(—) 38.4

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 13.1

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

4.9

(—) 2.4

(—)

1961.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 81.7

(—) 99.3

(—) 91.4

(—) 38.0

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 13.7

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†) —

(†)

1962.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 82.2

(—) 99.3

(—) 92.0

(—) 41.8

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 15.6

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†) —

(†)

1963.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 82.7

(—) 99.3

(—) 92.9

(—) 40.9

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 17.3

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†) —

(†)

1964.......................

—

(†)

—

(†) 83.3

(—) 99.0

(—) 93.1

(—) 41.6

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 16.8

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

5.2

(—) 2.6

(—)

1965....................... 55.5

(—)

10.6

(—) 84.9

(—) 99.4

(—) 93.2

(—) 46.3

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 19.0

(—) 27.6

(—) 13.2

(—)

6.1

(—) 3.2

(—)

1966....................... 56.1

(—)

12.5

(—) 85.8

(—) 99.3

(—) 93.7

(—) 47.2

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 19.9

(—) 29.9

(—) 13.2

(—)

6.5

(—) 2.7

(—)

1967....................... 56.6

(—)

14.2

(—) 87.4

(—) 99.3

(—) 93.7

(—) 47.6

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 22.0

(—) 33.3

(—) 13.6

(—)

6.6

(—) 4.0

(—)

1968....................... 56.7

(—)

15.7

(—) 87.6

(—) 99.1

(—) 94.2

(—) 50.4

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 21.4

(—) 31.2

(—) 13.8

(—)

7.0

(—) 3.9

(—)

1969....................... 57.0

(—)

16.1

(—) 88.4

(—) 99.2

(—) 94.0

(—) 50.2

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†) 23.0

(—) 34.1

(—) 15.4

(—)

7.9

(—) 4.8

(—)

1970....................... 56.4 (0.22)

20.5 (0.73) 89.5 (0.53) 99.2 (0.08) 94.1 (0.27) 47.7 (0.85) 10.5 (0.52) 37.3 (0.83) 21.5 (0.47) 31.9 (0.85) 14.9 (0.52)

7.5 (0.33) 4.2 (0.27)

1971....................... 56.2 (0.21)

21.2 (0.75) 91.6 (0.49) 99.1 (0.08) 94.5 (0.26) 49.2 (0.84) 11.5 (0.54) 37.7 (0.81) 21.9 (0.46) 32.2 (0.83) 15.4 (0.51)

8.0 (0.33) 4.9 (0.29)

1972....................... 54.9 (0.21)

24.4 (0.80) 91.9 (0.50) 99.2 (0.08) 93.3 (0.28) 46.3 (0.82) 10.4 (0.50) 35.9 (0.79) 21.6 (0.45) 31.4 (0.79) 14.8 (0.50)

8.6 (0.33) 4.6 (0.27)

1973....................... 53.5 (0.21)

24.2 (0.78) 92.5 (0.49) 99.2 (0.08) 92.9 (0.28) 42.9 (0.81) 10.0 (0.49) 32.9 (0.77) 20.8 (0.44) 30.1 (0.78) 14.5 (0.49)

8.5 (0.32) 4.5 (0.26)

1974....................... 53.6 (0.21)

28.8 (0.83) 94.2 (0.43) 99.3 (0.08) 92.9 (0.28) 43.1 (0.80)

9.6 (0.33) 5.7 (0.29)

1975....................... 53.7 (0.21)

31.5 (0.87) 94.7 (0.41) 99.3 (0.08) 93.6 (0.27) 46.9 (0.80) 10.2 (0.48) 36.7 (0.77) 22.4 (0.44) 31.2 (0.76) 16.2 (0.51) 10.1 (0.33) 6.6 (0.30)

1976....................... 53.1 (0.21)

31.3 (0.90) 95.5 (0.38) 99.2 (0.09) 93.7 (0.27) 46.2 (0.79) 10.2 (0.48) 36.0 (0.76) 23.3 (0.44) 32.0 (0.75) 17.1 (0.51) 10.0 (0.33) 6.0 (0.28)

9.9 (0.48) 33.2 (0.76) 21.4 (0.44) 30.2 (0.76) 15.1 (0.50)

1977....................... 52.5 (0.21)

32.0 (0.93) 95.8 (0.38) 99.4 (0.07) 93.7 (0.27) 46.2 (0.80) 10.4 (0.49) 35.7 (0.77) 22.9 (0.44) 31.8 (0.75) 16.5 (0.51) 10.8 (0.34) 6.9 (0.30)

1978....................... 51.2 (0.21)

34.2 (0.94) 95.3 (0.41) 99.1 (0.09) 93.7 (0.27) 45.4 (0.80)

9.8 (0.48) 35.6 (0.77) 21.8 (0.43) 29.5 (0.73) 16.3 (0.50)

9.4 (0.31) 6.4 (0.28)

1979....................... 50.3 (0.21)

35.1 (0.95) 95.8 (0.40) 99.2 (0.09) 93.6 (0.28) 45.0 (0.79) 10.3 (0.48) 34.6 (0.76) 21.7 (0.42) 30.2 (0.74) 15.8 (0.49)

9.6 (0.31) 6.4 (0.28)

1980....................... 49.7 (0.21)

36.7 (0.95) 95.7 (0.40) 99.3 (0.09) 93.4 (0.29) 46.4 (0.80) 10.5 (0.49) 35.9 (0.77) 22.3 (0.43) 31.0 (0.74) 16.3 (0.49)

9.3 (0.30) 6.4 (0.27)

1981....................... 48.9 (0.21)

36.0 (0.92) 94.0 (0.46) 99.2 (0.09) 94.1 (0.27) 49.0 (0.80) 11.5 (0.51) 37.5 (0.78) 22.5 (0.42) 31.6 (0.73) 16.5 (0.48)

9.0 (0.29) 6.9 (0.27)

1982....................... 48.6 (0.22)

36.4 (0.96) 95.0 (0.44) 99.2 (0.10) 94.4 (0.29) 47.8 (0.85) 11.3 (0.54) 36.5 (0.81) 23.5 (0.45) 34.0 (0.79) 16.8 (0.50)

9.6 (0.31) 6.3 (0.27)

1983....................... 48.4 (0.22)

37.5 (0.94) 95.4 (0.42) 99.2 (0.09) 95.0 (0.27) 50.4 (0.86) 12.8 (0.57) 37.6 (0.83) 22.7 (0.44) 32.5 (0.79) 16.6 (0.50)

9.6 (0.31) 6.4 (0.27)

1984....................... 47.9 (0.22)

36.3 (0.92) 94.5 (0.45) 99.2 (0.09) 94.7 (0.28) 50.1 (0.88) 11.5 (0.56) 38.6 (0.86) 23.7 (0.45) 33.9 (0.80) 17.3 (0.51)

9.1 (0.30) 6.3 (0.27)

1985....................... 48.3 (0.22)

38.9 (0.94) 96.1 (0.38) 99.2 (0.09) 94.9 (0.27) 51.6 (0.89) 11.2 (0.56) 40.4 (0.88) 24.0 (0.46) 35.3 (0.83) 16.9 (0.51)

9.2 (0.30) 6.1 (0.26)

1986....................... 48.2 (0.22)

38.9 (0.93) 95.3 (0.40) 99.2 (0.10) 94.9 (0.28) 54.6 (0.90) 13.1 (0.61) 41.5 (0.89) 23.6 (0.46) 33.0 (0.83) 17.9 (0.53)

8.8 (0.29) 6.0 (0.25)

1987....................... 48.6 (0.22)

38.3 (0.93) 95.1 (0.41) 99.5 (0.07) 95.0 (0.28) 55.6 (0.89) 13.1 (0.60) 42.5 (0.89) 25.5 (0.48) 38.7 (0.88) 17.5 (0.53)

9.0 (0.30) 5.8 (0.25)

1988....................... 48.7 (0.24)

38.2 (1.01) 96.0 (0.41) 99.7 (0.07) 95.1 (0.30) 55.6 (0.96) 13.9 (0.67) 41.8 (0.95) 26.1 (0.53) 39.1 (0.96) 18.2 (0.60)

8.3 (0.31) 5.9 (0.27)

1989....................... 49.0 (0.22)

39.1 (1.00) 95.2 (0.44) 99.3 (0.09) 95.7 (0.29) 56.0 (0.95) 14.4 (0.68) 41.6 (0.95) 27.0 (0.55) 38.5 (0.97) 19.9 (0.63)

9.3 (0.33) 5.7 (0.26)

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Enrollment Rates

21

Table 7. Percentage of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by age group: Selected years, 1940 through 2004—Continued 18 and 19 years

Year 1

Total, 3 to 34 years

3 and 4 years

5 and 6 years

7 to 13 years

14 to 17 years

2

3

4

5

6

In elementary and Total secondary 7

8

20 to 24 years

In higher education

Total

20 and 21 years

22 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

9

10

11

12

13

14

1990....................... 50.2 (0.23)

44.4 (0.99) 96.5 (0.37) 99.6 (0.06) 95.8 (0.28) 57.2 (0.94) 14.5 (0.67) 42.7 (0.94) 28.6 (0.54) 39.7 (0.92) 21.0 (0.63)

1991....................... 50.7 (0.22)

40.5 (0.96) 95.4 (0.41) 99.6 (0.06) 96.0 (0.27) 59.6 (0.96) 15.6 (0.71) 44.0 (0.97) 30.2 (0.55) 42.0 (0.92) 22.2 (0.64) 10.2 (0.34) 6.2 (0.26)

9.7 (0.33) 5.8 (0.25)

1992....................... 51.4 (0.22)

39.7 (0.95) 95.5 (0.41) 99.4 (0.08) 96.7 (0.25) 61.4 (0.96) 17.1 (0.74) 44.3 (0.98) 31.6 (0.56) 44.0 (0.95) 23.7 (0.65)

1993....................... 51.8 (0.22)

40.4 (0.93) 95.4 (0.41) 99.5 (0.07) 96.5 (0.25) 61.6 (0.95) 17.2 (0.74) 44.4 (0.97) 30.8 (0.56) 42.7 (0.97) 23.6 (0.65) 10.2 (0.35) 5.9 (0.25)

9.8 (0.34) 6.1 (0.26)

1994....................... 53.3 (0.21)

1

47.3 (0.87) 96.7 (0.32) 99.4 (0.08) 96.6 (0.22) 60.2 (0.87) 16.2 (0.65) 43.9 (0.88) 32.0 (0.51) 44.9 (0.88) 24.0 (0.59) 10.8 (0.33) 6.7 (0.25)

1995....................... 53.7 (0.21)

1

48.7 (0.87) 96.0 (0.34) 98.9 (0.10) 96.3 (0.23) 59.4 (0.85) 16.3 (0.64) 43.1 (0.86) 31.5 (0.52) 44.9 (0.89) 23.2 (0.60) 11.6 (0.34) 5.9 (0.24)

1996....................... 54.1 (0.22)

1

48.3 (0.91) 94.0 (0.43) 97.7 (0.15) 95.4 (0.26) 61.5 (0.87) 16.7 (0.67) 44.9 (0.89) 32.5 (0.55) 44.4 (0.93) 24.8 (0.65) 11.9 (0.36) 6.1 (0.25)

1997....................... 55.6 (0.22)

1

52.6 (0.92) 96.5 (0.33) 99.1 (0.09) 96.6 (0.22) 61.5 (0.86) 16.7 (0.66) 44.7 (0.88) 34.3 (0.55) 45.9 (0.91) 26.4 (0.66) 11.8 (0.36) 5.7 (0.25)

1998....................... 55.8 (0.22)

1

52.1 (0.92) 95.6 (0.37) 98.9 (0.10) 96.1 (0.24) 62.2 (0.84) 15.7 (0.63) 46.4 (0.86) 33.0 (0.55) 44.8 (0.91) 24.9 (0.65) 11.9 (0.37) 6.6 (0.27)

1999....................... 56.0 (0.22)

1

54.2 (0.93) 96.0 (0.36) 98.7 (0.11) 95.8 (0.24) 60.6 (0.84) 16.5 (0.64) 44.1 (0.85) 32.8 (0.54) 45.3 (0.90) 24.5 (0.64) 11.1 (0.36) 6.2 (0.27)

2000....................... 55.9 (0.22)

1

52.1 (0.93) 95.6 (0.38) 98.2 (0.13) 95.7 (0.25) 61.2 (0.84) 16.5 (0.64) 44.7 (0.85) 32.5 (0.53) 44.1 (0.88) 24.6 (0.63) 11.4 (0.37) 6.7 (0.28)

2001....................... 56.4 (0.22)

1

52.4 (0.88) 95.3 (0.37) 98.3 (0.12) 95.8 (0.24) 61.1 (0.83) 17.1 (0.64) 44.0 (0.84) 34.1 (0.53) 46.1 (0.87) 25.5 (0.64) 11.8 (0.38) 6.9 (0.28)

2002....................... 56.2 (0.21)

1

56.3 (0.89) 95.5 (0.37) 98.3 (0.12) 96.4 (0.22) 63.3 (0.83) 18.0 (0.67) 45.3 (0.86) 34.4 (0.52) 47.8 (0.87) 25.6 (0.62) 12.1 (0.37) 6.6 (0.27)

2003....................... 56.2 (0.20)

1

55.1 (0.85) 94.5 (0.40) 98.3 (0.12) 96.2 (0.21) 64.5 (0.80) 17.9 (0.64) 46.6 (0.84) 35.6 (0.50) 48.3 (0.83) 27.8 (0.59) 11.8 (0.34) 6.8 (0.26)

2004....................... 56.2 (0.20)

1

54.0 (0.85) 95.4 (0.37) 98.4 (0.12) 96.5 (0.21) 64.4 (0.80) 16.6 (0.62) 47.8 (0.83) 35.2 (0.49) 48.9 (0.82) 26.3 (0.58) 13.0 (0.35) 6.6 (0.26)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Preprimary enrollment collected using new procedures. Data may not be comparable to figures for earlier years. NOTE: Data for 1940 are for April. Data for all other years are as of October. Includes enrollment in any type of graded public, parochial, or other private schools. Includes nursery schools, kindergartens, elementary schools, high schools, colleges, universities, and profes-

sional schools. Attendance may be on either a full-time or part-time basis and during the day or night. Enrollments in “special” schools, such as trade schools, business colleges, or correspondence schools, are not included. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970; Current Population Reports, Series P-20, various years; and Current Population Survey, October, 1940 through 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

22

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Educational Attainment

n o i t a c u dTable E 8. Percentage of persons age 25 and over and 25 to 29, by race/ethnicity, years of school completed, and sex: Selected years, 1910 through 2005 White, non-Hispanic1

Total

Age and year

Less than 5 years of High school elementary completion school or higher2

1 Males and females, 25 and over 1910 4 ....................................... 1920 4 ....................................... 1930 4 ....................................... April 1940 ................................. April 1950 .................................

2

23.8 22.0 17.5 13.7 11.1

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

Less than 5 Bachelor’s years of High school or higher elementary completion 3 degree school or higher2

3

13.5 16.4 19.1 24.5 34.3

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

4

2.7 3.3 3.9 4.6 6.2

5

(—) — (—) — (—) — (—) 10.9 (—) 8.9

Less than 5 Bachelor’s years of High school or higher elementary completion 3 degree school or higher2

6

(†) — (†) — (†) — (—) 26.1 (—) 36.4

(†) (†) (†) (—) (—)

Black, non-Hispanic1

7

— — — 4.9 6.6

8

(†) — (†) — (†) — (—) 41.8 (—) 32.6

9

(†) — (†) — (†) — (—) 7.7 (—) 13.7

(†) (†) (†) (—) (—)

Hispanic

Less than 5 Bachelor’s years of High school or higher elementary completion 3 degree school or higher2 10

— — — 1.3 2.2

(†) (†) (†) (—) (—)

11

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

Bachelor’s or higher degree3

12

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

13

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

April 1960 ................................. March 1970............................... March 1975............................... March 1980............................... March 1985...............................

8.3 (—) 41.1 (—) 7.7 (—) 5.3 (—) 55.2 (—) 11.0 (—) 4.2 (—) 62.5 (—) 13.9 (—) 3.4 (0.08) 68.6 (0.20) 17.0 (0.16) 2.7 (0.07) 73.9 (0.18) 19.4 (0.16)

6.7 (—) 43.2 (—) 8.1 (—) 23.5 (—) 21.7 (—) 3.5 (—) — (†) — (†) 4.2 (—) 57.4 (—) 11.6 (—) 14.7 (—) 36.1 (—) 6.1 (—) — (†) — (†) 2.6 (—) 65.8 (—) 14.9 (—) 12.3 (—) 42.6 (—) 6.4 (—) 18.2 (—) 38.5 (—) 1.9 (0.07) 71.9 (0.21) 18.4 (0.18) 9.1 (0.40) 51.4 (0.69) 7.9 (0.38) 15.8 (0.74) 44.5 (1.01) 1.4 (0.05) 77.5 (0.19) 20.8 (0.19) 6.1 (0.31) 59.9 (0.64) 11.1 (0.41) 13.5 (0.58) 47.9 (0.85)

March 1986............................... March 1987............................... March 1988............................... March 1989............................... March 1990...............................

2.7 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4

(0.07) (0.06) (0.06) (0.06) (0.06)

74.7 75.6 76.2 76.9 77.6

(0.18) (0.17) (0.17) (0.17) (0.17)

19.4 19.9 20.3 21.1 21.3

(0.16) (0.16) (0.16) (0.16) (0.16)

1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1

(0.05) (0.05) (0.05) (0.05) (0.05)

78.2 79.0 79.8 80.7 81.4

(0.19) (0.18) (0.18) (0.18) (0.17)

20.9 21.4 21.8 22.8 23.1

(0.19) (0.19) (0.19) (0.19) (0.19)

5.3 4.9 4.8 5.2 5.1

(0.29) (0.27) (0.27) (0.27) (0.27)

62.5 63.6 63.5 64.7 66.2

(0.62) (0.61) (0.60) (0.59) (0.58)

10.9 10.8 11.2 11.7 11.3

(0.40) (0.39) (0.40) (0.40) (0.39)

12.9 11.9 12.2 12.2 12.3

(0.55) (0.52) (0.52) (0.50) (0.50)

48.5 50.9 51.0 50.9 50.8

(0.83) 8.4 (0.46) (0.81) 8.6 (0.45) (0.79) 10.0 (0.47) (0.77) 9.9 (0.46) (0.75) 9.2 (0.44)

March 1991............................... March 1992............................... March 1993............................... March 1994............................... March 1995...............................

2.4 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.8

(0.06) (0.06) (0.06) (0.05) (0.05)

78.4 79.4 80.2 80.9 81.7

(0.16) (0.16) (0.16) (0.15) (0.15)

21.4 21.4 21.9 22.2 23.0

(0.16) (0.16) (0.16) (0.16) (0.16)

1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7

(0.05) (0.04) (0.04) (0.04) (0.04)

82.4 83.4 84.1 84.9 85.9

(0.17) (0.16) (0.16) (0.16) (0.16)

23.3 23.2 23.8 24.3 25.4

(0.19) (0.19) (0.19) (0.19) (0.19)

4.7 3.9 3.7 2.7 2.5

(0.26) (0.23) (0.22) (0.19) (0.18)

66.8 67.7 70.5 73.0 73.8

(0.57) (0.56) (0.54) (0.52) (0.52)

11.5 11.9 12.2 12.9 13.3

(0.39) (0.39) (0.39) (0.39) (0.40)

12.5 11.8 11.8 10.8 10.6

(0.49) (0.47) (0.46) (0.42) (0.41)

51.3 52.6 53.1 53.3 53.4

(0.74) (0.73) (0.71) (0.67) (0.67)

9.7 9.3 9.0 9.1 9.3

(0.44) (0.42) (0.41) (0.39) (0.39)

March 1996............................... March 1997............................... March 1998............................... March 1999............................... March 2000...............................

1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6

(0.05) (0.05) (0.05) (0.05) (0.05)

81.7 82.1 82.8 83.4 84.1

(0.16) (0.14) (0.14) (0.14) (0.13)

23.6 23.9 24.4 25.2 25.6

(0.17) (0.16) (0.16) (0.16) (0.16)

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

(0.04) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

86.0 86.3 87.1 87.7 88.4

(0.16) (0.15) (0.14) (0.14) (0.14)

25.9 26.2 26.6 27.7 28.1

(0.20) (0.19) (0.19) (0.19) (0.19)

2.2 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.6

(0.18) (0.16) (0.14) (0.15) (0.14)

74.6 75.3 76.4 77.4 78.9

(0.53) (0.49) (0.47) (0.46) (0.45)

13.8 13.3 14.8 15.5 16.6

(0.42) 10.3 (0.42) 53.1 (0.69) 9.3 (0.38) 9.4 (0.36) 54.7 (0.62) 10.3 (0.40) 9.3 (0.35) 55.5 (0.60) 11.0 (0.40) 9.0 (0.34) 56.1 (0.60) 10.9 (0.41) 8.7 (0.33) 57.0 (0.58) 10.6

(0.40) (0.38) (0.38) (0.37) (0.36)

March 2001............................... March 2002............................... March 2003............................... March 2004............................... March 2005...............................

1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6

(0.05) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

84.3 84.1 84.6 85.2 85.2

(0.13) (0.09) (0.09) (0.09) (0.09)

26.1 26.7 27.2 27.7 27.6

(0.16) (0.11) (0.11) (0.11) (0.11)

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5

(0.03) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)

88.7 88.7 89.4 90.0 90.1

(0.13) (0.10) (0.09) (0.09) (0.09)

28.6 29.4 30.0 30.6 30.5

(0.19) (0.14) (0.14) (0.14) (0.14)

1.3 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.5

(0.12) (0.10) (0.10) (0.09) (0.10)

79.5 79.2 80.3 81.1 81.5

(0.44) (0.32) (0.33) (0.32) (0.32)

16.1 17.2 17.4 17.7 17.7

(0.40) (0.30) (0.31) (0.31) (0.31)

9.3 8.7 8.2 8.1 7.9

(0.34) (0.22) (0.18) (0.18) (0.17)

56.5 57.0 57.0 58.4 58.5

(0.57) (0.39) (0.33) (0.32) (0.32)

11.2 11.1 11.4 12.1 12.0

(0.37) (0.25) (0.21) (0.21) (0.21)

Males and females, 25 to 29 1920 4 ....................................... April 1940 ................................. April 1950 ................................. April 1960 ................................. March 1970...............................

— 5.9 4.6 2.8 1.1

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—)

— 38.1 52.8 60.7 75.4

(†) 12.9 (—) 3.4 (—) 3.3 (—) 2.2 (—) 0.9

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

22.0 41.2 56.3 63.7 77.8

(—) 44.6 (—) 27.0 (—) 16.1 (—) 7.2 (—) 2.2

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

6.3 12.3 23.6 38.6 58.4

(—) 1.2 (—) 1.6 (—) 2.8 (—) 5.4 (—) 10.0

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

March 1975............................... March 1980............................... March 1985............................... March 1986............................... March 1987...............................

1.0 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.9

(—) (0.10) (0.09) (0.10) (0.10)

83.1 85.4 86.1 86.1 86.0

(—) (0.40) (0.37) (0.37) (0.37)

21.9 22.5 22.2 22.4 22.0

(—) (0.47) (0.45) (0.45) (0.44)

0.6 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4

(—) (0.07) (0.06) (0.07) (0.08)

86.6 89.2 89.5 89.6 89.4

(—) (0.40) (0.38) (0.37) (0.38)

23.8 25.0 24.4 25.2 24.6

(—) (0.55) (0.53) (0.53) (0.53)

0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4

(—) (0.27) (0.20) (0.22) (0.20)

71.1 76.7 80.5 83.5 83.4

(—) (1.41) (1.22) (1.13) (1.13)

10.5 11.6 11.6 11.8 11.5

(—) (1.07) (0.99) (0.99) (0.97)

8.0 6.7 6.0 5.6 4.8

(—) (1.12) (0.91) (0.83) (0.76)

53.1 58.0 60.9 59.1 59.8

(—) 8.8 (—) (2.22) 7.7 (1.20) (1.86) 11.1 (1.20) (1.78) 9.0 (1.04) (1.75) 8.7 (1.01)

March 1988............................... March 1989............................... March 1990............................... March 1991............................... March 1992...............................

1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.9

(0.11) (0.11) (0.12) (0.11) (0.10)

85.9 85.5 85.7 85.4 86.3

(0.37) (0.38) (0.38) (0.39) (0.38)

22.7 23.4 23.2 23.2 23.6

(0.45) (0.45) (0.46) (0.46) (0.47)

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

(0.07) (0.07) (0.07) (0.08) (0.07)

89.7 89.3 90.1 89.8 90.7

(0.38) (0.38) (0.37) (0.39) (0.38)

25.1 26.3 26.4 26.7 27.2

(0.54) (0.55) (0.55) (0.56) (0.58)

0.3 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.8

(0.18) (0.22) (0.31) (0.22) (0.28)

80.9 82.3 81.7 81.8 80.9

(1.20) (1.16) (1.17) (1.17) (1.21)

12.0 12.6 13.4 11.0 11.0

(0.99) (1.01) (1.03) (0.95) (0.97)

6.0 5.4 7.3 5.8 5.2

(0.82) (0.76) (0.88) (0.80) (0.75)

62.3 61.0 58.2 56.7 60.9

(1.68) 11.3 (1.10) (1.65) 10.1 (1.02) (1.66) 8.1 (0.92) (1.69) 9.2 (0.99) (1.66) 9.5 (1.00)

March 1993............................... March 1994............................... March 1995............................... March 1996............................... March 1997...............................

0.7 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8

(0.09) (0.10) (0.11) (0.11) (0.10)

86.7 86.1 86.8 87.3 87.4

(0.38) (0.39) (0.39) (0.40) (0.37)

23.7 23.3 24.7 27.1 27.8

(0.48) (0.47) (0.49) (0.53) (0.50)

0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1

(0.07) (0.07) (0.08) (0.07) (0.05)

91.2 91.1 92.5 92.6 92.9

(0.37) (0.38) (0.36) (0.38) (0.35)

27.2 27.1 28.8 31.6 32.6

(0.59) (0.60) (0.62) (0.67) (0.63)

0.2 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.6

(0.15) (0.24) (0.14) (0.20) (0.23)

82.6 84.1 86.7 86.0 86.9

(1.17) (1.13) (1.06) (1.14) (1.03)

13.3 13.6 15.4 14.6 14.2

(1.05) (1.06) (1.13) (1.16) (1.07)

4.0 3.6 4.9 4.3 4.2

(0.65) (0.57) (0.67) (0.66) (0.59)

60.9 60.3 57.1 61.1 61.8

(1.64) 8.3 (0.93) (1.51) 8.0 (0.84) (1.55) 8.9 (0.89) (1.58) 10.0 (0.98) (1.42) 11.0 (0.91)

(†) — (—) 5.9 (—) 7.7 (—) 11.0 (—) 16.4

(—) 4.5 (—) 6.4 (—) 8.2 (—) 11.8 (—) 17.3

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

— (†) — (†) 6.6 (—) 7.6 (0.54) 8.5 (0.48)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Educational Attainment

23

n o i t a c u dTable E 8. Percentage of persons age 25 and over and 25 to 29, by race/ethnicity, years of school completed, and sex: Selected years, 1910 through 2005—Continued White, non-Hispanic1

Total

Age and year

Less than 5 years of High school elementary completion school or higher2

1

2 (0.09) (0.09) (0.09) (0.11) (0.08)

Less than 5 years of High school Bachelor’s or higher elementary completion 3 school or higher2 degree

3 88.1 87.8 88.1 87.7 86.4

(0.36) (0.37) (0.37) (0.38) (0.28)

4

March 1998............................... March 1999............................... March 2000............................... March 2001............................... March 2002...............................

0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.1

27.3 28.2 29.1 28.6 29.3

(0.50) (0.51) (0.52) (0.52) (0.37)

March 2003............................... March 2004............................... March 2005...............................

1.0 (0.08) 86.5 (0.27) 28.4 (0.36) 1.1 (0.08) 86.6 (0.27) 28.7 (0.36) 1.0 (0.08) 86.1 (0.27) 28.6 (0.36)

5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

(0.05) (0.05) (0.04) (0.06) (0.04)

Less than 5 years of High school Bachelor’s or higher elementary completion 3 school or higher2 degree

6 93.6 93.0 94.0 93.3 93.0

(0.34) (0.35) (0.33) (0.36) (0.26)

Black, non-Hispanic1

7 32.3 33.6 34.0 33.0 35.9

(0.64) (0.66) (0.67) (0.68) (0.50)

0.2 (0.04) 93.7 (0.25) 34.2 (0.49) 0.3 (0.05) 93.3 (0.26) 34.5 (0.49) 0.3 (0.05) 92.8 (0.26) 34.1 (0.48)

8 0.4 0.2 # 0.1 0.6

(0.19) (0.15) (†) (0.09) (0.18)

Less than 5 years of High school Bachelor’s or higher elementary completion 3 school or higher2 degree

9 88.2 88.7 86.8 87.0 87.6

(0.98) (0.97) (1.06) (1.05) (0.76)

Hispanic

10 15.8 15.0 17.8 17.8 18.0

(1.11) (1.09) (1.20) (1.19) (0.88)

0.6 (0.19) 88.5 (0.78) 17.5 (0.93) 0.3 (0.13) 88.7 (0.76) 17.1 (0.90) 0.4 (0.15) 86.9 (0.79) 17.5 (0.89)

11 3.7 3.2 3.8 4.7 4.7

(0.55) (0.52) (0.55) (0.62) (0.39)

Bachelor’s or higher degree3

12 62.8 61.6 62.8 63.2 62.4

13

(1.41) 10.4 (0.89) (1.44) 8.9 (0.84) (1.40) 9.7 (0.85) (1.41) 11.1 (0.92) (0.89) 8.9 (0.53)

4.0 (0.30) 61.7 (0.75) 10.0 (0.47) 4.1 (0.31) 62.4 (0.75) 10.9 (0.48) 3.6 (0.28) 63.3 (0.74) 11.2 (0.48)

Males, 25 and over April 1940 ................................. 15.1 (—) April 1950 ................................. 12.2 (—) April 1960 ................................. 9.4 (—) March 1970............................... 5.9 (—) March 1980............................... 3.6 (0.12)

22.7 (—) 5.5 (—) 12.0 (—) 32.6 (—) 7.3 (—) 9.8 (—) 39.5 (—) 9.7 (—) 7.4 (—) 55.0 (—) 14.1 (—) 4.5 (—) 69.2 (0.30) 20.9 (0.26) 2.0 (0.10)

24.2 (—) 5.9 (—) 34.6 (—) 7.9 (—) 41.6 (—) 10.3 (—) 57.2 (—) 15.0 (—) 72.4 (0.31) 22.8 (0.29)

March 1990............................... March 1995............................... March 1996............................... March 1997............................... March 1998...............................

2.7 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7

(0.09) (0.08) (0.08) (0.07) (0.07)

77.7 81.7 81.9 82.0 82.8

(0.24) (0.22) (0.23) (0.21) (0.20)

24.4 26.0 26.0 26.2 26.5

(0.25) (0.25) (0.26) (0.24) (0.24)

1.3 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7

(0.07) (0.06) (0.06) (0.05) (0.05)

81.6 86.0 86.1 86.3 87.1

(0.25) (0.22) (0.23) (0.21) (0.21)

26.7 28.9 28.8 29.0 29.3

(0.29) (0.29) (0.30) (0.28) (0.28)

6.4 3.4 2.9 2.9 2.3

(0.45) (0.32) (0.31) (0.28) (0.25)

65.8 73.5 74.6 73.8 75.4

(0.88) (0.78) (0.80) (0.75) (0.72)

11.9 13.7 12.5 12.5 14.0

(0.60) 12.9 (0.73) 50.3 (1.09) 9.8 (0.61) 10.8 (0.59) 52.9 (0.95) 10.1 (0.61) 10.1 (0.59) 53.0 (0.97) 10.3 (0.56) 9.2 (0.50) 54.9 (0.87) 10.6 (0.58) 9.3 (0.50) 55.7 (0.85) 11.1

(0.65) (0.57) (0.59) (0.54) (0.54)

March 1999............................... March 2000............................... March 2001............................... March 2002............................... March 2003............................... March 2004............................... March 2005...............................

1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

(0.07) (0.07) (0.07) (0.05) (0.05) (0.05) (0.05)

83.4 84.2 84.4 83.8 84.1 84.8 84.9

(0.20) (0.19) (0.19) (0.14) (0.13) (0.13) (0.13)

27.5 27.8 28.0 28.5 28.9 29.4 28.9

(0.24) (0.24) (0.24) (0.17) (0.17) (0.17) (0.17)

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

(0.05) (0.05) (0.05) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

87.7 88.5 88.6 88.5 89.0 89.9 89.9

(0.20) (0.20) (0.19) (0.14) (0.14) (0.13) (0.13)

30.6 30.8 30.9 31.7 32.3 32.9 32.3

(0.28) (0.28) (0.28) (0.20) (0.20) (0.20) (0.20)

2.0 2.1 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.7

(0.24) (0.24) (0.21) (0.16) (0.17) (0.15) (0.16)

77.2 79.1 80.6 79.0 79.9 80.8 81.4

(0.70) (0.67) (0.65) (0.48) (0.50) (0.49) (0.48)

14.3 16.4 15.9 16.5 16.8 16.6 16.1

(0.58) (0.61) (0.60) (0.44) (0.47) (0.46) (0.45)

(0.53) (0.52) (0.52) (0.34) (0.29) (0.30) (0.29)

46.2 (—) 36.9 (—) 27.7 (—) 17.9 (—) 11.3 (0.67)

6.9 (—) 12.6 (—) 20.0 (—) 35.4 (—) 51.2 (1.06)

1.4 (—) — (†) — (†) 2.1 (—) — (†) — (†) 3.5 (—) — (†) — (†) 6.8 (—) — (†) — (†) 7.7 (0.56) 16.5 (1.11) 44.9 (1.49)

9.0 8.2 9.4 9.0 8.3 8.4 8.0

(0.49) (0.46) (0.48) (0.32) (0.26) (0.25) (0.24)

56.0 56.6 55.6 56.1 56.3 57.3 58.0

(0.85) (0.83) (0.82) (0.55) (0.46) (0.45) (0.44)

— (†) — (†) — (†) — (†) 9.2 (0.87)

10.7 10.7 11.1 11.0 11.2 11.8 11.8

Females, 25 and over April 1940 ................................. 12.4 (—) April 1950 ................................. 10.0 (—) April 1960 ................................. 7.4 (—) March 1970............................... 4.7 (—) March 1980............................... 3.2 (0.11)

26.3 (—) 3.8 (—) 36.0 (—) 5.2 (—) 42.5 (—) 5.8 (—) 55.4 (—) 8.2 (—) 68.1 (0.28) 13.6 (0.21)

9.8 (—) 8.1 (—) 6.0 (—) 3.9 (—) 1.8 (0.09)

28.1 (—) 4.0 (—) 38.2 (—) 5.4 (—) 44.7 (—) 6.0 (—) 57.7 (—) 8.6 (—) 71.5 (0.30) 14.4 (0.23)

March 1990............................... March 1995............................... March 1996............................... March 1997............................... March 1998...............................

2.2 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6

(0.08) (0.07) (0.07) (0.06) (0.06)

77.5 81.6 81.6 82.2 82.9

(0.23) (0.21) (0.22) (0.20) (0.19)

18.4 20.2 21.4 21.7 22.4

(0.22) (0.22) (0.23) (0.21) (0.21)

1.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6

(0.06) (0.05) (0.05) (0.04) (0.04)

81.3 85.8 85.9 86.3 87.1

(0.24) (0.22) (0.22) (0.20) (0.20)

19.8 22.1 23.2 23.7 24.1

(0.25) (0.26) (0.27) (0.25) (0.25)

4.0 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.2

(0.33) (0.21) (0.21) (0.17) (0.16)

66.5 74.1 74.6 76.5 77.1

(0.79) (0.69) (0.72) (0.64) (0.63)

10.8 13.0 14.8 14.0 15.4

(0.52) 11.7 (0.69) 51.3 (1.07) 8.7 (0.53) 10.4 (0.58) 53.8 (0.94) 8.4 (0.58) 10.5 (0.60) 53.3 (0.97) 8.3 (0.52) 9.5 (0.51) 54.6 (0.87) 10.1 (0.54) 9.2 (0.50) 55.3 (0.86) 10.9

(0.61) (0.52) (0.54) (0.53) (0.54)

March 1999............................... March 2000............................... March 2001............................... March 2002............................... March 2003............................... March 2004............................... March 2005...............................

1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5

(0.06) (0.06) (0.06) (0.04) (0.04) (0.04) (0.04)

83.3 84.0 84.2 84.4 85.0 85.4 85.4

(0.19) (0.19) (0.18) (0.13) (0.13) (0.12) (0.12)

23.1 23.6 24.3 25.1 25.7 26.1 26.5

(0.22) (0.22) (0.22) (0.15) (0.15) (0.15) (0.15)

0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4

(0.04) (0.04) (0.04) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03)

87.6 88.4 88.8 88.9 89.7 90.1 90.3

(0.19) (0.19) (0.19) (0.13) (0.13) (0.12) (0.12)

25.0 25.5 26.5 27.3 27.9 28.4 28.9

(0.26) (0.26) (0.26) (0.19) (0.19) (0.19) (0.19)

1.5 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.3

(0.18) (0.16) (0.15) (0.12) (0.12) (0.12) (0.12)

77.5 78.7 78.6 79.4 80.7 81.2 81.5

(0.62) (0.60) (0.60) (0.42) (0.44) (0.43) (0.42)

16.5 16.8 16.3 17.7 18.0 18.5 18.9

(0.55) (0.55) (0.54) (0.40) (0.43) (0.43) (0.43)

(0.53) (0.50) (0.51) (0.35) (0.30) (0.31) (0.30)

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Includes persons of Hispanic origin for years prior to 1980. 2Data for years prior to 1993 are for persons with 4 or more years of high school. 3 Data for years prior to 1993 are for persons with 4 or more years of college. 4 Estimates based on Census Bureau retrojection of 1940 census data on education by age.

37.5 (—) 28.6 (—) 19.7 (—) 11.9 (—) 7.4 (0.49)

8.4 (—) 14.7 (—) 23.1 (—) 36.6 (—) 51.5 (0.94)

1.2 (—) — (†) — (†) 2.4 (—) — (†) — (†) 3.6 (—) — (†) — (†) 5.6 (—) — (†) — (†) 8.1 (0.52) 15.3 (1.03) 44.2 (1.42)

9.0 9.3 9.1 8.3 8.1 7.8 7.8

(0.48) (0.48) (0.47) (0.31) (0.26) (0.25) (0.25)

56.3 57.5 57.4 57.9 57.8 59.5 58.9

(0.83) (0.81) (0.80) (0.55) (0.46) (0.46) (0.45)

— (†) — (†) — (†) — (†) 6.2 (0.69)

11.0 10.6 11.3 11.2 11.6 12.3 12.1

NOTE: Total includes other racial/ethnic groups not separately shown. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, U.S. Census of Population, 1960, Volume 1, part 1; Current Population Reports, Series P-20; Current Population Survey, March 1970 through March 2005; and 1960 Census Monograph, Education of the American Population, by John K. Folger and Charles B. Nam. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

24

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Educational Attainment

Table 9. Number of persons age 18 and over, by highest level of education attained, age, sex, and race/ethnicity: 2005 [In thousands] Elementary

High school

Less than 7 7 or 8 Total years years

College

1 to 3 years

4 years

Completion

Some college

Associate’s degree

4

5

6

7

8

9

18 and over.............................. 217,334 7,105 5,619 18 and 19 years old ............. 7,570 74 99 20 to 24 years old ................ 20,402 334 280 25 years old and over........... 189,362 6,697 5,240 25 to 29 years old............. 19,499 553 322 30 to 34 years old............. 19,808 604 307 35 to 39 years old............. 20,651 636 307 40 to 49 years old............. 44,933 1,207 656 50 to 59 years old............. 36,489 1,071 730 60 to 64 years old............. 12,769 431 391 65 years old and over....... 35,213 2,194 2,527

18,206 2,626 1,877 13,703 1,476 1,322 1,242 2,657 2,021 997 3,989

3,220 431 389 2,400 355 277 271 505 355 165 474

(244.1) (50.7) (85.6) (234.3) (82.2) (81.0) (86.5) (128.8) (114.3) (72.5) (120.9)

41,647 2,131 7,717 31,798 3,814 3,550 3,452 7,760 6,406 2,016 4,800

9,012 1,423 995 6,594 753 700 690 1,423 930 462 1,638

1,665 33,779 (187.2) 230 1,054 (35.6) 240 3,551 (65.0) 1,195 29,173 (175.9) 218 3,223 (61.9) 162 3,013 (59.9) 144 3,397 (63.6) 270 7,622 (94.3) 167 5,245 (78.7) 70 1,876 (47.4) 165 4,797 (75.3)

19,433 906 3,659 14,869 1,853 1,731 1,624 3,597 3,028 910 2,125

7,484 17,534 (140.0) 18 3 (2.0) 541 903 (32.9) 6,925 16,628 (136.6) 781 1,983 (48.7) 839 2,048 (49.5) 838 2,031 (49.3) 1,911 4,005 (68.9) 1,493 3,377 (63.4) 400 1,049 (35.5) 663 2,134 (50.5)

6,145 # 22 6,123 353 608 654 1,491 1,585 528 904

9,194 1,202 882 7,110 723 622 552 1,235 1,091 535 2,351

1,555 35,530 (191.1) 201 1,097 (36.3) 149 2,690 (56.6) 1,205 31,743 (182.3) 136 2,510 (54.7) 114 2,556 (55.2) 127 2,977 (59.5) 235 7,011 (90.6) 189 6,119 (84.8) 95 2,567 (55.3) 308 8,004 (96.6)

22,213 1,225 4,059 16,929 1,961 1,819 1,827 4,162 3,379 1,106 2,675

10,103 18,922 (145.0) 24 11 (3.6) 700 1,320 (39.8) 9,379 17,591 (140.2) 885 2,389 (53.4) 1,019 2,374 (53.2) 1,126 2,266 (52.0) 2,692 4,594 (73.7) 1,958 3,153 (61.3) 559 913 (33.1) 1,139 1,902 (47.7)

6,757 # 64 6,693 554 833 806 1,537 1,721 454 788

10,159 1,584 787 7,788 593 481 555 1,364 1,165 639 2,992

1,550 233 151 1,166 112 85 109 219 197 103 340

49,388 1,360 3,683 44,346 3,309 3,351 4,143 10,306 8,542 3,561 11,133

(217.6) (40.4) (66.1) (208.9) (62.7) (63.1) (70.1) (109.1) (99.7) (65.0) (113.2)

30,035 1,461 5,189 23,386 2,404 2,227 2,291 5,557 5,047 1,659 4,200

3,075 428 369 2,278 227 157 190 492 398 193 620

585 62 84 440 63 42 55 103 75 33 70

8,962 328 957 7,676 940 859 1,016 2,128 1,436 477 820

(99.5) (21.1) (35.8) (93.6) (35.5) (33.9) (36.8) (52.6) (43.6) (25.4) (33.2)

5,034 240 988 3,806 558 596 460 1,054 674 172 292

Age, sex, and race/ethnicity 1

2

3

Bachelor’s Professional degree Master’s degree degree 10

Doctor’s

11

12

13

17,587 36,456 (193.2) 12,902 (121.4) 42 14 (4.1) # (†) 1,241 2,223 (51.5) 86 (10.2) 16,303 34,219 (188.2) 12,816 (121.0) 1,665 4,372 (72.0) 907 (33.0) 1,859 4,423 (72.4) 1,441 (41.6) 1,964 4,297 (71.3) 1,461 (41.8) 4,602 8,599 (100.0) 3,028 (60.1) 3,451 6,531 (87.5) 3,307 (62.7) 960 1,962 (48.4) 982 (34.3) 1,802 4,036 (69.2) 1,691 (45.0)

2,936 2 10 2,925 222 280 378 754 627 173 491

2,347 # 5 2,343 79 178 270 530 627 250 409

(85.0) (†) (5.1) (84.8) (20.6) (27.0) (28.1) (42.3) (43.6) (25.2) (32.9)

1,899 2 3 1,894 122 152 213 467 432 131 376

1,589 # 5 1,584 30 100 146 337 438 187 345

(89.0) (†) (8.8) (88.6) (25.8) (31.6) (31.1) (42.9) (45.4) (23.4) (30.8)

1,037 # 7 1,031 100 127 165 288 195 42 114

759 # # 759 49 78 124 192 188 63 64

13,402 28,334 (173.7) 10,395 (109.5) 24 9 (3.2) # (†) 888 1,735 (45.6) 53 (8.0) 12,490 26,590 (168.9) 10,342 (109.3) 1,097 3,110 (60.8) 648 (27.9) 1,284 3,151 (61.2) 1,025 (35.1) 1,436 3,126 (61.0) 1,061 (35.7) 3,591 6,705 (88.7) 2,427 (53.8) 2,793 5,331 (79.3) 2,853 (58.3) 760 1,656 (44.5) 856 (32.1) 1,529 3,511 (64.6) 1,472 (42.0)

2,351 2 8 2,341 145 200 297 601 530 153 415

1,875 # 5 1,870 62 122 189 410 518 212 357

138 # # 138 9 20 18 35 28 2 26

98 # # 98 # 7 13 30 30 10 7

Total 69,308 2,151 6,240 60,917 5,734 5,568 6,374 14,633 11,363 4,443 12,801

Males 18 and over.............................. 104,945 3,671 2,735 18 and 19 years old ............. 3,760 56 68 20 to 24 years old ................ 10,288 205 165 25 years old and over........... 90,896 3,410 2,502 25 to 29 years old............. 9,825 328 180 30 to 34 years old............. 9,851 324 173 35 to 39 years old............. 10,264 353 175 40 to 49 years old............. 22,139 658 359 50 to 59 years old............. 17,624 556 372 60 to 64 years old............. 6,044 254 178 65 years old and over....... 15,151 938 1,065 Females 18 and over.............................. 112,389 3,434 2,884 18 and 19 years old ............. 3,810 18 31 20 to 24 years old ................ 10,114 129 115 25 years old and over........... 98,465 3,287 2,739 25 to 29 years old............. 9,674 225 142 30 to 34 years old............. 9,957 280 134 35 to 39 years old............. 10,387 284 132 40 to 49 years old............. 22,794 550 298 50 to 59 years old............. 18,865 515 358 60 to 64 years old............. 6,724 177 212 65 years old and over....... 20,063 1,256 1,461 White, non-Hispanic 18 and over.............................. 152,059 1,392 3,180 18 and 19 years old ............. 4,723 10 41 20 to 24 years old ................ 12,621 18 105 25 years old and over........... 134,715 1,363 3,034 25 to 29 years old............. 11,616 48 86 30 to 34 years old............. 12,053 44 84 35 to 39 years old............. 13,333 43 82 40 to 49 years old............. 31,593 136 277 50 to 59 years old............. 27,539 191 374 60 to 64 years old............. 9,945 111 234 65 years old and over....... 28,636 790 1,897 Black, non-Hispanic 18 and over.............................. 18 and 19 years old ............. 20 to 24 years old ................ 25 years old and over........... 25 to 29 years old............. 30 to 34 years old............. 35 to 39 years old............. 40 to 49 years old............. 50 to 59 years old............. 60 to 64 years old............. 65 years old and over.......

24,389 1,082 2,732 20,575 2,480 2,418 2,485 5,296 3,795 1,208 2,893

598 0 11 586 19 13 24 46 92 41 350

542 14 24 505 14 14 12 39 82 48 295

1,778 6 123 1,649 224 223 212 436 339 88 128

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2,742 4 167 2,571 369 382 380 731 431 93 184

(59.4) (2.4) (15.1) (57.6) (22.4) (22.7) (22.7) (31.3) (24.1) (11.3) (15.8)

836 # 7 828 57 104 105 202 210 50 100

(33.5) (†) (3.2) (33.3) (8.8) (11.9) (12.0) (16.6) (16.9) (8.2) (11.7)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Educational Attainment

25

Table 9. Number of persons age 18 and over, by highest level of education attained, age, sex, and race/ethnicity: 2005—Continued [In thousands] Elementary

Age, sex, and race/ethnicity 1

High school

Less than 7 7 or 8 Total years years

College

1 to 3 years

4 years

Completion

Some college

Associate’s degree

4

5

6

7

8

9

27,509 4,590 1,618 1,283 61 44 3,675 302 141 22,551 4,227 1,433 3,948 476 206 3,688 535 194 3,298 542 198 5,314 958 292 3,135 692 210 973 234 88 2,194 791 245

4,175 464 634 3,077 607 620 452 658 359 121 260

852 93 129 630 161 127 100 148 52 16 27

(73.8) (18.1) (33.4) (67.9) (32.7) (30.8) (28.8) (36.0) (27.6) (15.2) (20.5)

4,175 253 915 3,006 608 507 471 735 415 121 149

1,407 10 145 1,252 244 223 179 335 138 60 74

2

3

Bachelor’s Professional degree Master’s degree degree 10

Doctor’s

11

12

13

(22.4) (†) (2.5) (22.3) (6.9) (8.4) (8.6) (11.9) (10.0) (4.9) (6.6)

150 # # 150 19 19 17 49 19 7 21

95 # # 95 10 6 12 20 28 3 15

Hispanic 18 and over.............................. 18 and 19 years old ............. 20 to 24 years old ................ 25 years old and over........... 25 to 29 years old............. 30 to 34 years old............. 35 to 39 years old............. 40 to 49 years old............. 50 to 59 years old............. 60 to 64 years old............. 65 years old and over.......

7,849 358 1,264 6,228 1,205 1,064 924 1,473 849 251 461

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. NOTE: Total includes other racial/ethnic groups not shown separately. Although cells with fewer than 75,000 weighted persons are subject to relatively wide sampling variation, they

2,045 1 139 1,904 360 317 323 491 265 46 103

(42.0) (1.1) (11.3) (40.6) (18.1) (17.0) (17.2) (21.1) (15.6) (6.5) (9.7)

553 # 7 546 52 77 81 155 108 26 47

are included in the table to permit various types of aggregations. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), March 2005, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

26

Table 10. Persons age 18 and over who hold at least a bachelor’s degree in specific fields of study, by sex, race/ethnicity, and age: 2001

Field of study 1

Race/ethnicity

Age

Total

Males

Females

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Asian/Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native 18 to 29 years old 30 to 49 years old

50 years old and over

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1,873 (135.5)

44,447 (572.0)

85,830 (721.6)

78,485

(703.0)

(245) (1.29)

24,666 28.7

(444) (0.85)

17,461 22.2

(378.5) (0.93)

‡ (†) 259 (47.6) 1,202 (102.4) 301 (51.3) 268 (48.4) 663 (76.1) 459 (63.3) 241 (45.9) ‡ (†) 382 (57.8) 400 (59.1) ‡ (†) 413 (60.1) ‡ (†) ‡ (†) 428 (61.2) 359 (56.0) 1,253 (104.5)

254 748 5,102 706 828 2,891 2,057 633 219 1,247 1,308 386 1,426 268 306 940 1,092 4,256

(47.1) (80.8) (209.4) (78.5) (85.0) (158.2) (133.7) (74.3) (43.7) (104.2) (106.7) (58.1) (111.4) (48.4) (51.7) (90.6) (97.6) (191.5)

239 443 2,672 157 152 3,548 1,443 654 189 670 1,137 363 1,071 255 216 535 985 2,734

(45.7) (62.2) (152.2) (37.1) (36.5) (175.1) (112.1) (75.6) (40.6) (76.5) (99.6) (56.3) (96.6) (47.2) (43.4) (68.3) (92.7) (153.9)

100.0 0.7 3.7 17.1 4.3 3.8 9.5 6.5 3.4 0.6 5.4 5.7 1.7 5.9 1.5 1.1 6.1 5.1 17.9

100.0 1.0 3.0 20.7 2.9 3.4 11.7 8.3 2.6 0.9 5.1 5.3 1.6 5.8 1.1 1.2 3.8 4.4 17.3

(†) (0.19) (0.32) (0.76) (0.31) (0.34) (0.61) (0.52) (0.30) (0.18) (0.41) (0.42) (0.23) (0.44) (0.20) (0.21) (0.36) (0.39) (0.71)

100.0 1.4 2.5 15.3 0.9 0.9 20.3 8.3 3.7 1.1 3.8 6.5 2.1 6.1 1.5 1.2 3.1 5.6 15.7

(†) (0.26) (0.35) (0.81) (0.21) (0.21) (0.90) (0.62) (0.43) (0.23) (0.43) (0.55) (0.32) (0.54) (0.27) (0.25) (0.39) (0.52) (0.81)

12

Numbers in thousands Total population, 18 and over ................................. 208,762 (680.6) Number of persons with bachelor’s or higher degree........................................... 49,144 (595.5) Percent of population................................................. 23.5 (0.57)

99,811 (484.3) 108,951 (477.6) 151,898 (779.3) 24,977 (422.6) 25.0 (0.81)

24,166 (419.3) 22.2 (0.79)

40,138 (548.5) 26.4 (0.65)

23,314 (234.3)

23,580 (273.6)

8,097 (252.9)

3,192 (142.5) 13.7 (1.61)

2,189 (145.7) 9.3 (2.00)

3,389 (177.9) 41.9 (2.73)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Agriculture/forestry .................................................... Art/architecture .......................................................... Business/management .............................................. Communications........................................................ Computer and information sciences .......................... Education................................................................... Engineering ............................................................... English/literature........................................................ Foreign languages ..................................................... Health sciences ......................................................... Liberal arts/humanities .............................................. Mathematics/statistics ............................................... Natural sciences (biological and physical)................. Philosophy/religion/theology ...................................... Pre-professional......................................................... Psychology ................................................................ Social sciences/history .............................................. Other fields ................................................................

540 1,450 8,976 1,164 1,249 7,102 3,959 1,527 448 2,298 2,846 869 2,910 628 596 1,903 2,436 8,243

(68.7) (112.4) (275.8) (100.7) (104.3) (246.1) (184.8) (115.3) (62.6) (141.3) (157.0) (87.1) (158.8) (74.1) (72.1) (128.6) (145.4) (264.6)

421 649 5,679 577 871 1,750 3,558 597 135 482 1,150 507 1,756 437 397 606 1,026 4,377

(60.6) (75.2) (218.3) (70.9) (87.0) (123.0) (174.2) (72.1) (34.4) (64.8) (99.9) (66.5) (123.2) (61.8) (58.9) (72.7) (94.4) (192.6)

‡ 801 3,297 586 378 5,351 401 930 313 1,817 1,695 362 1,153 191 199 1,297 1,410 3,866

(†) (83.5) (167.9) (71.5) (57.4) (212.3) (59.2) (89.9) (52.3) (125.3) (121.1) (56.2) (100.1) (40.9) (41.7) (106.1) (110.5) (181.5)

473 1,156 7,254 945 895 6,160 3,085 1,316 344 1,811 2,444 567 2,260 533 448 1,561 1,981 6,907

(64.3) (100.4) (248.7) (90.8) (88.4) (229.6) (163.4) (107.1) (54.9) (125.5) (145.6) (70.4) (140.1) (68.3) (62.6) (116.6) (131.2) (242.8)

‡ ‡ 623 ‡ ‡ 490 ‡ ‡ ‡ 173 146 ‡ 190 ‡ ‡ 157 260 417

Total................................................................... Agriculture/forestry .................................................... Art/architecture .......................................................... Business/management .............................................. Communications........................................................ Computer and information sciences .......................... Education................................................................... Engineering ............................................................... English/literature........................................................ Foreign languages ..................................................... Health sciences ......................................................... Liberal arts/humanities .............................................. Mathematics/statistics ............................................... Natural sciences (biological and physical)................. Philosophy/religion/theology ...................................... Pre-professional......................................................... Psychology ................................................................ Social sciences/history .............................................. Other fields ................................................................

100.0 1.1 3.0 18.3 2.4 2.5 14.5 8.1 3.1 0.9 4.7 5.8 1.8 5.9 1.3 1.2 3.9 5.0 16.8

(†) (0.14) (0.23) (0.52) (0.20) (0.21) (0.47) (0.36) (0.23) (0.13) (0.28) (0.31) (0.18) (0.31) (0.15) (0.15) (0.26) (0.29) (0.50)

100.0 1.7 2.6 22.7 2.3 3.5 7.0 14.2 2.4 0.5 1.9 4.6 2.0 7.0 1.8 1.6 2.4 4.1 17.5

(†) (0.24) (0.30) (0.78) (0.28) (0.34) (0.48) (0.65) (0.29) (0.14) (0.26) (0.39) (0.26) (0.48) (0.25) (0.23) (0.29) (0.37) (0.71)

100.0 0.5 3.3 13.6 2.4 1.6 22.1 1.7 3.8 1.3 7.5 7.0 1.5 4.8 0.8 0.8 5.4 5.8 16.0

(†) (0.13) (0.34) (0.65) (0.29) (0.24) (0.79) (0.24) (0.37) (0.22) (0.50) (0.49) (0.23) (0.41) (0.17) (0.17) (0.43) (0.45) (0.70)

100.0 1.2 2.9 18.1 2.4 2.2 15.3 7.7 3.3 0.9 4.5 6.1 1.4 5.6 1.3 1.1 3.9 4.9 17.2

(†) (0.16) (0.25) (0.57) (0.22) (0.22) (0.53) (0.39) (0.26) (0.14) (0.31) (0.35) (0.17) (0.34) (0.17) (0.16) (0.29) (0.32) (0.56)

100.0 0.7 3.3 19.5 3.2 3.9 15.3 3.6 2.6 0.8 5.4 4.6 2.4 6.0 0.9 1.6 4.9 8.1 13.1

(†) (†) (65.4) (†) (†) (58.1) (†) (†) (†) (34.8) (31.9) (†) (36.4) (†) (†) (33.0) (42.5) (53.7)

‡ ‡ 426 ‡ ‡ 234 173 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ 337

(†) (†) (66.1) (†) (†) (49.1) (42.3) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (58.8)

‡ ‡ 633 ‡ 166 181 559 ‡ ‡ 213 142 149 345 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ 559

(†) (†) (80.2) (†) (41.4) (43.2) (75.5) (†) (†) (46.9) (38.3) (39.2) (59.5) (†) (†) (†) (†) (75.5)

235 12.6

(49.2) (6.96)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

100.0 ‡ 4.4 17.5 ‡ ‡ 16.0 11.4 ‡ ‡ 2.1 4.5 10.4 2.7 ‡ ‡ 7.9 4.7 9.9

(†) (†) (4.32) (7.98) (†) (†) (7.69) (6.67) (†) (†) (2.99) (4.37) (6.41) (3.41) (†) (†) (5.65) (4.45) (6.26)

7,016 15.8

Percentage distribution of degree holders, by field

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. NOTE: Data are based on a sample survey of the civilian noninstitutional population. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

(†) (0.38) (0.83) (1.86) (0.82) (0.91) (1.69) (0.87) (0.75) (0.42) (1.06) (0.98) (0.72) (1.11) (0.45) (0.59) (1.01) (1.28) (1.58)

100.0 1.1 4.8 19.5 3.3 2.6 10.7 7.9 3.1 1.7 4.4 4.7 2.4 4.9 1.8 2.0 5.0 4.7 15.4

(†) (0.73) (1.47) (2.72) (1.23) (1.10) (2.13) (1.86) (1.19) (0.90) (1.41) (1.45) (1.05) (1.49) (0.90) (0.97) (1.50) (1.45) (2.48)

100.0 0.5 2.2 18.7 1.2 4.9 5.3 16.5 1.7 1.0 6.3 4.2 4.4 10.2 0.8 1.5 1.7 2.4 16.5

(†) (0.40) (0.81) (2.16) (0.60) (1.19) (1.24) (2.05) (0.71) (0.56) (1.34) (1.11) (1.13) (1.67) (0.49) (0.67) (0.72) (0.85) (2.05)

(†) (0.29) (0.67) (1.33) (0.72) (0.68) (1.03) (0.87) (0.64) (0.27) (0.80) (0.82) (0.46) (0.83) (0.43) (0.36) (0.85) (0.78) (1.35)

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Survey of Income and Program Participation, 2001, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Educational Attainment

Sex

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Educational Attainment

27

Table 11. Educational attainment of persons 18 years old and over, by state: Selected years, 1994 through 2004 Percent of population, 25 years old and over, by education level, 2000

State 1

Percent with Percent less than with high high school school completion completion or higher

Percent of population, 25 years old and over, by education level, 2004

Percent with bachelor’s or higher degree Graduate or Bachelor’s professional degree Total degree

Percent of 18- to 24-year-olds who were high school completers1

Percent with high school completion or higher

Percent with bachelor’s or higher degree

1994 through 1996

7

8

9

1999 through 2001

2

3

4

5

6

United States ........................

19.6

80.4

24.4

15.5

8.9

85.2

(0.09)

27.7

(0.11)

85.8

(0.19)

86.3

(0.19)

Alabama ........................................ Alaska............................................ Arizona .......................................... Arkansas........................................ California .......................................

24.7 11.7 19.0 24.7 23.2

75.3 88.3 81.0 75.3 76.8

19.0 24.7 23.5 16.7 26.6

12.1 16.1 15.1 11.0 17.1

6.9 8.6 8.4 5.7 9.5

82.4 90.2 84.4 79.2 81.3

(0.73) (0.67) (0.79) (0.79) (0.36)

22.3 25.5 28.0 18.8 31.7

(0.79) (0.91) (0.97) (0.79) (0.43)

87.2 87.4 84.0 88.6 78.6

(1.37) (4.11) (1.56) (1.70) (0.64)

82.0 90.9 77.6 86.7 85.1

(1.70) (3.64) (1.64) (1.94) (0.55)

Colorado ........................................ Connecticut.................................... Delaware........................................ District of Columbia ....................... Florida............................................

13.1 16.0 17.4 22.2 20.1

86.9 84.0 82.6 77.8 79.9

32.7 31.4 25.0 39.1 22.3

21.6 18.1 15.6 18.1 14.2

11.1 13.3 9.4 21.0 8.1

88.3 88.8 86.5 86.4 85.9

(0.55) (0.55) (0.73) (0.73) (0.43)

35.5 34.5 26.9 45.7 26.0

(0.79) (0.79) (0.97) (1.09) (0.49)

87.9 96.1 90.3 86.2 80.1

(1.42) (1.01) (3.09) (3.85) (0.97)

82.4 93.6 90.8 88.2 83.8

(1.73) (1.45) (3.16) (3.82) (0.91)

Georgia.......................................... Hawaii ............................................ Idaho.............................................. Illinois............................................. Indiana...........................................

21.4 15.4 15.3 18.6 17.9

78.6 84.6 84.7 81.4 82.1

24.3 26.2 21.7 26.1 19.4

16.0 17.8 14.9 16.6 12.2

8.3 8.4 6.8 9.5 7.2

85.2 88.0 87.9 86.8 87.2

(0.67) (0.67) (0.67) (0.43) (0.55)

27.6 26.6 23.8 27.4 21.1

(0.85) (0.91) (0.85) (0.55) (0.67)

81.3 92.6 84.9 87.9 89.7

(1.26) (2.05) (2.73) (0.83) (1.12)

84.7 91.3 88.3 88.4 89.4

(1.17) (2.51) (2.50) (0.86) (1.26)

Iowa ............................................... Kansas........................................... Kentucky ........................................ Louisiana ....................................... Maine.............................................

13.9 14.0 25.9 25.2 14.6

86.1 86.0 74.1 74.8 85.4

21.2 25.8 17.1 18.7 22.9

14.7 17.1 10.2 12.2 15.0

6.5 8.7 6.9 6.5 7.9

89.8 89.6 81.8 78.7 87.1

(0.55) (0.55) (0.73) (0.91) (0.55)

24.3 30.0 21.0 22.4 24.2

(0.79) (0.79) (0.79) (0.91) (0.73)

91.9 91.6 82.2 82.2 91.4

(1.35) (1.53) (1.79) (1.63) (2.36)

92.4 88.2 87.4 82.6 93.6

(1.45) (1.79) (1.57) (1.63) (2.19)

Maryland........................................ Massachusetts............................... Michigan ........................................ Minnesota ...................................... Mississippi .....................................

16.2 15.2 16.6 12.1 27.1

83.8 84.8 83.4 87.9 72.9

31.4 33.2 21.8 27.4 16.9

18.0 19.5 13.7 19.1 11.1

13.4 13.7 8.1 8.3 5.8

87.4 86.9 87.9 92.3 83.0

(0.61) (0.55) (0.43) (0.43) (0.79)

35.2 36.7 24.4 32.5 20.1

(0.91) (0.79) (0.61) (0.79) (0.85)

93.4 92.4 89.1 95.3 82.0

(1.07) (1.01) (0.89) (0.91) (2.07)

84.9 91.4 88.1 93.1 84.3

(1.60) (1.08) (0.92) (1.06) (2.00)

Missouri ......................................... Montana......................................... Nebraska ....................................... Nevada .......................................... New Hampshire .............................

18.7 12.8 13.4 19.3 12.6

81.3 87.2 86.6 80.7 87.4

21.6 24.4 23.7 18.2 28.7

14.0 17.2 16.4 12.1 18.7

7.6 7.2 7.3 6.1 10.0

87.9 91.9 91.3 86.3 90.8

(0.61) (0.55) (0.55) (0.67) (0.55)

28.1 25.5 24.8 24.5 35.4

(0.79) (0.91) (0.85) (0.79) (0.85)

89.9 89.8 93.0 81.5 87.4

(1.19) (3.08) (1.76) (3.09) (3.03)

90.4 92.4 90.8 79.6 86.6

(1.18) (2.67) (1.94) (2.84) (3.30)

New Jersey .................................... New Mexico ................................... New York........................................ North Carolina ............................... North Dakota .................................

17.9 21.1 20.9 21.9 16.1

82.1 78.9 79.1 78.1 83.9

29.8 23.5 27.4 22.5 22.0

18.8 13.7 15.6 15.3 16.5

11.0 9.8 11.8 7.2 5.5

87.6 82.9 85.4 80.9 89.5

(0.49) (0.85) (0.36) (0.67) (0.55)

34.6 25.1 30.6 23.4 25.2

(0.67) (0.97) (0.49) (0.73) (0.79)

93.0 78.8 86.4 85.3 97.9

(0.86) (2.86) (0.72) (1.16) (1.56)

89.3 85.0 86.8 84.7 96.8

(1.07) (2.59) (0.76) (1.23) (2.01)

Ohio ............................................... Oklahoma ...................................... Oregon........................................... Pennsylvania.................................. Rhode Island .................................

17.0 19.4 14.9 18.1 22.0

83.0 80.6 85.1 81.9 78.0

21.1 20.3 25.1 22.4 25.6

13.7 13.5 16.4 14.0 15.9

7.4 6.8 8.7 8.4 9.7

88.1 85.2 87.4 86.5 81.1

(0.43) (0.67) (0.61) (0.43) (0.67)

24.6 22.9 25.9 25.3 27.2

(0.55) (0.79) (0.79) (0.55) (0.73)

87.7 89.5 81.1 89.6 87.5

(0.88) (1.55) (2.02) (0.82) (3.33)

87.0 86.0 86.3 89.8 85.5

(0.91) (1.74) (1.70) (0.83) (3.46)

South Carolina............................... South Dakota ................................. Tennessee ..................................... Texas ............................................. Utah ...............................................

23.7 15.4 24.1 24.3 12.3

76.3 84.6 75.9 75.7 87.7

20.4 21.5 19.6 23.2 26.1

13.5 15.5 12.8 15.6 17.8

6.9 6.0 6.8 7.6 8.3

83.6 87.5 82.9 78.3 91.0

(0.73) (0.61) (0.73) (0.49) (0.61)

24.9 25.5 24.3 24.5 30.8

(0.91) (0.79) (0.85) (0.49) (1.03)

88.4 89.6 83.3 79.3 91.3

(1.48) (3.24) (1.46) (0.78) (1.56)

84.5 91.6 86.6 79.9 88.9

(1.71) (2.90) (1.36) (0.79) (1.67)

Vermont ......................................... Virginia........................................... Washington.................................... West Virginia.................................. Wisconsin ...................................... Wyoming........................................

13.6 18.5 12.9 24.8 14.9 12.1

86.4 81.5 87.1 75.2 85.1 87.9

29.4 29.5 27.7 14.8 22.4 21.9

18.3 17.9 18.4 8.9 15.2 14.9

11.1 11.6 9.3 5.9 7.2 7.0

90.8 88.4 89.7 80.9 88.8 91.9

(0.61) (0.61) (0.61) (0.67) (0.55) (0.55)

34.2 33.1 29.9 15.3 25.6 22.5

(0.97) (0.85) (0.91) (0.61) (0.73) (0.79)

87.2 86.3 86.8 87.7 94.2 89.4

(3.99) (1.23) (1.30) (2.25) (0.91) (3.93)

86.6 88.2 88.3 88.5 90.3 87.3

(4.47) (1.20) (1.25) (2.26) (1.19) (4.51)

1High

school completers include diploma recipients and those completing through alternative credentials, such as a GED. Data reflect 3-year averages. NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Census 2000 Brief, “Educational Attainment: 2000” and “Educational Attainment in the United States: 2004,” retrieved

10

on March 23, 2005, from http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/education/ cps2004.html; and Census 2000 Summary File 3, retrieved on March 23, 2005, from http:// www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/2002/sumfile3.html. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Dropout Rates in the United States, 2001. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

28

Table 12. Educational attainment of persons 25 years old and over, by race/ethnicity and state: April 1990 and April 2000

1990

State 1

Total

White1

Black1

Percent with bachelor’s degree or higher 2000

American Asian/ Indian/ Pacific Alaska 2 1 Hispanic Islander Native1

Total

White1

Black1

1990

American Asian/ Indian/ Pacific Alaska 2 1 Hispanic Islander Native1

Total

White1

2000

American Asian/ Indian/ Pacific Alaska 1 2 1 Black Hispanic Islander Native1

Total

White1

Asian/ Pacific 1 2 Black Hispanic Islander1

American Indian/ Alaska Native1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

United States .................

75.2

77.9

63.1

49.8

77.5

65.5

80.4

83.6

72.3

52.4

80.4

70.9

20.3

21.5

11.4

9.2

36.6

9.3

24.4

26.1

14.3

10.4

44.1

11.5

Alabama ................................. Alaska..................................... Arizona ................................... Arkansas................................. California ................................

66.9 86.6 78.7 66.3 76.2

70.3 91.1 82.4 68.6 81.1

54.6 88.2 75.1 51.5 75.6

73.8 80.4 51.7 59.1 45.0

78.9 75.4 80.2 66.4 77.2

64.9 63.1 52.1 65.4 71.4

75.3 88.3 81.0 75.3 76.8

78.0 92.5 85.4 77.5 83.3

66.9 88.7 81.7 65.8 80.5

56.9 78.3 52.5 41.2 46.7

81.1 73.0 83.4 72.9 80.5

72.4 71.8 61.9 72.5 67.5

15.7 23.0 20.3 13.3 23.4

17.3 26.8 22.2 14.1 25.4

9.3 14.1 14.3 8.4 14.8

20.1 14.6 6.9 11.1 7.1

43.7 20.5 37.5 24.6 34.1

11.6 4.1 4.6 9.8 11.1

19.0 24.7 23.5 16.7 26.6

21.2 29.3 26.0 17.8 29.8

11.5 14.9 18.6 10.2 17.2

14.6 15.3 8.1 7.1 7.7

48.3 21.2 44.5 32.6 41.6

13.0 6.0 7.3 12.1 11.4

Colorado ................................. Connecticut............................. Delaware................................. District of Columbia ................ Florida.....................................

84.4 79.2 77.5 73.1 74.4

86.1 80.9 80.3 93.1 77.0

80.8 67.0 63.2 63.8 56.4

58.3 53.5 60.1 52.6 57.2

78.3 81.9 86.1 80.2 77.8

73.9 68.9 62.0 66.3 68.2

86.9 84.0 82.6 77.8 79.9

89.5 86.3 85.0 94.4 82.5

84.4 73.9 74.2 70.4 67.0

58.1 58.5 57.1 47.8 63.3

81.8 85.0 88.1 81.9 80.7

76.2 67.8 65.2 71.8 73.5

27.0 27.2 21.4 33.3 18.3

28.3 28.5 23.0 69.0 19.3

17.1 12.3 10.6 15.3 9.8

8.6 12.1 16.5 24.0 14.2

32.1 50.8 55.9 50.9 33.6

12.1 12.5 10.2 17.7 11.5

32.7 31.4 25.0 39.1 22.3

35.0 33.5 26.7 77.3 23.8

20.5 13.7 14.4 17.5 12.4

10.4 11.3 13.5 24.8 17.5

42.8 57.7 61.8 58.2 40.9

14.1 15.7 13.2 28.1 14.9

Georgia................................... Hawaii ..................................... Idaho....................................... Illinois...................................... Indiana....................................

70.9 80.1 79.7 76.2 75.6

74.9 89.3 80.9 79.1 76.5

58.6 94.2 82.8 65.2 65.4

66.2 73.9 43.4 45.0 62.6

77.5 74.7 80.3 83.9 85.8

71.6 84.4 68.1 71.4 65.0

78.6 84.6 84.7 81.4 82.1

81.8 92.7 86.6 85.0 83.2

72.5 92.9 82.5 73.0 74.9

48.5 81.5 44.4 48.5 57.9

79.5 79.9 82.0 86.9 86.2

73.9 91.0 75.6 69.5 73.3

19.3 22.9 17.7 21.0 15.6

21.8 30.2 18.0 22.4 17.6

11.0 15.2 15.8 11.4 9.3

20.5 10.3 6.6 8.0 10.8

38.6 19.4 27.6 49.8 53.1

12.5 17.7 7.2 13.4 8.4

24.3 26.2 21.7 26.1 19.4

27.4 36.5 22.3 27.8 19.8

15.5 21.0 22.4 14.7 12.1

13.6 13.3 6.6 9.1 11.3

44.3 26.6 38.3 57.7 58.0

18.1 21.5 9.5 13.3 10.3

Iowa ........................................ Kansas.................................... Kentucky ................................. Louisiana ................................ Maine......................................

80.1 81.3 64.6 68.3 78.8

80.3 82.4 64.7 74.2 78.9

70.1 71.0 61.7 53.1 87.6

64.2 58.1 74.0 67.6 83.8

76.4 73.6 77.9 68.1 74.3

67.6 75.4 59.8 49.1 69.9

86.1 86.0 74.1 74.8 85.4

86.9 87.8 74.2 80.0 85.5

77.3 79.7 73.2 63.1 84.7

52.3 51.7 59.1 69.0 79.2

74.3 74.8 86.2 67.4 74.6

76.9 81.3 72.5 60.5 76.0

16.9 21.1 13.6 16.1 18.8

16.7 21.7 13.9 18.7 18.8

12.8 11.6 7.7 9.1 22.3

13.7 10.1 18.9 16.6 23.6

47.3 39.9 44.2 31.4 44.9

9.7 10.8 8.0 5.5 7.7

21.2 25.8 17.1 18.7 22.9

21.3 26.9 17.4 21.8 22.9

14.7 14.9 10.7 10.9 22.5

11.0 9.7 13.0 19.5 21.6

42.9 40.5 53.2 35.6 32.6

9.9 14.9 13.9 9.2 12.1

Maryland................................. Massachusetts........................ Michigan ................................. Minnesota ............................... Mississippi ..............................

78.4 80.0 76.8 82.4 64.3

80.8 81.2 78.6 82.8 71.7

70.6 70.0 64.9 76.2 47.3

70.3 52.0 60.9 71.1 67.7

84.8 74.1 83.3 69.7 68.2

73.4 71.1 67.8 68.2 57.4

83.8 84.8 83.4 87.9 72.9

86.3 86.8 85.3 89.2 78.9

78.9 76.3 74.1 79.0 60.4

61.9 57.3 62.3 58.1 59.1

85.5 76.2 85.6 71.1 72.5

75.5 72.5 76.4 74.5 64.0

26.5 27.2 17.4 21.8 14.7

28.9 27.7 18.1 21.9 17.2

16.1 17.0 10.1 17.5 8.8

25.2 13.6 11.6 17.2 17.1

50.3 44.9 54.1 33.5 35.1

19.7 14.9 7.6 7.7 8.1

31.4 33.2 21.8 27.4 16.9

34.7 34.3 22.6 27.9 20.0

20.3 19.7 12.8 18.7 10.1

21.4 14.1 12.9 14.0 12.1

55.0 49.8 61.0 36.3 35.9

21.2 19.2 10.3 8.8 9.1

Missouri .................................. Montana.................................. Nebraska ................................ Nevada ................................... New Hampshire ......................

73.9 81.0 81.8 78.8 82.2

74.9 81.7 82.4 80.9 82.2

65.1 80.9 73.2 70.8 86.1

71.0 66.4 60.0 53.7 78.2

81.5 78.5 80.0 74.1 82.7

65.1 68.1 69.0 69.8 65.9

81.3 87.2 86.6 80.7 87.4

82.4 87.8 88.2 83.9 87.6

73.9 91.2 78.6 78.9 84.4

65.7 78.0 46.6 47.3 73.6

82.2 85.2 77.7 82.0 84.9

74.3 75.5 75.9 75.2 76.5

17.8 19.8 18.9 15.3 24.4

18.3 20.3 19.2 15.9 24.2

11.2 18.4 12.4 9.0 25.7

18.0 10.9 9.4 7.0 25.5

47.3 32.1 39.5 21.9 26.1

11.0 7.9 8.8 8.0 16.0

21.6 24.4 23.7 18.2 28.7

22.3 25.1 24.4 19.3 28.5

13.2 33.2 14.1 12.0 27.8

16.1 15.4 8.5 6.4 22.7

51.5 41.0 42.3 28.3 54.6

12.9 10.5 8.8 8.6 17.0

New Jersey ............................. New Mexico ............................ New York................................. North Carolina ........................ North Dakota ..........................

76.7 75.1 76.7 70.0 76.7

78.6 78.6 78.5 73.1 76.9

67.0 74.7 64.7 58.1 95.9

53.9 59.6 50.4 71.0 75.2

86.8 80.8 72.4 77.9 83.7

66.9 58.2 65.2 51.5 64.3

82.1 78.9 79.1 78.1 83.9

84.7 83.3 84.0 81.2 84.2

74.5 79.4 70.6 70.7 92.6

59.5 64.4 55.0 44.5 73.0

88.5 83.1 73.3 79.3 84.4

70.4 67.1 66.4 62.7 74.8

24.9 20.4 23.1 17.4 18.1

25.8 23.4 25.3 19.3 18.3

13.6 14.2 12.6 9.5 17.1

10.8 8.7 9.3 17.9 15.9

57.1 38.7 38.7 39.3 37.8

14.8 5.8 13.4 7.9 8.3

29.8 23.5 27.4 22.5 22.0

31.0 28.0 30.5 25.0 22.4

16.2 18.8 15.8 13.1 20.5

12.5 10.8 11.5 10.5 16.3

62.1 44.7 41.3 43.9 48.9

16.4 7.7 14.4 10.4 9.7

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Educational Attainment

Percent with high school completion or higher

Table 12. Educational attainment of persons 25 years old and over, by race/ethnicity and state: April 1990 and April 2000—Continued Percent with high school completion or higher 1990

State 1

Total

White1

Black1

Percent with bachelor’s degree or higher 2000

American Indian/ Asian/ Pacific Alaska Hispanic2 Islander1 Native1

Total

White1

Black1

1990

American Indian/ Asian/ Pacific Alaska Hispanic2 Islander1 Native1

Total

White1

2000

American Indian/ Asian/ Alaska Pacific Black1 Hispanic2 Islander1 Native1

Total

White1

Asian/ Pacific Black1 Hispanic2 Islander1

American Indian/ Alaska Native1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Ohio ........................................ Oklahoma ............................... Oregon.................................... Pennsylvania........................... Rhode Island ..........................

75.7 74.6 81.5 74.7 72.0

76.9 75.7 82.3 75.9 73.0

64.6 70.1 75.0 63.5 65.9

63.3 55.9 53.0 52.2 46.8

83.5 76.1 79.4 77.1 59.6

65.3 68.1 71.0 67.8 64.5

83.0 80.6 85.1 81.9 78.0

84.2 82.1 87.1 83.4 80.1

73.9 78.5 79.8 71.8 71.0

67.1 50.9 48.8 56.9 50.4

86.6 77.2 79.5 78.4 69.2

73.2 76.5 77.5 73.2 68.3

17.0 17.8 20.6 17.9 21.3

17.6 18.7 20.8 18.5 21.8

9.1 12.0 9.1 10.0 12.7

14.2 10.5 10.1 11.8 8.9

53.2 34.7 32.3 45.2 30.6

8.3 10.8 8.3 12.0 8.3

21.1 20.3 25.1 22.4 25.6

21.8 21.5 25.7 23.1 26.8

11.9 13.7 17.8 12.0 16.7

15.2 9.6 9.6 12.0 8.6

58.6 37.5 38.7 49.2 36.4

12.4 13.2 12.2 13.2 14.1

South Carolina........................ South Dakota.......................... Tennessee .............................. Texas ...................................... Utah ........................................

68.3 77.1 67.1 72.1 85.1

73.6 77.8 68.2 76.2 86.2

53.3 82.2 59.4 66.1 77.0

71.8 71.3 71.5 44.6 61.0

77.4 74.3 79.3 79.1 80.7

62.5 62.5 63.1 70.9 59.3

76.3 84.6 75.9 75.7 87.7

80.9 85.7 77.0 79.5 89.9

64.9 84.1 70.8 75.8 83.2

56.4 64.9 55.4 49.3 56.5

79.5 72.3 82.1 80.7 79.9

64.2 70.9 74.9 71.5 68.7

16.6 17.2 16.0 20.3 22.3

19.8 17.6 16.7 22.6 22.7

7.6 24.1 10.2 12.0 15.9

19.8 13.4 21.9 7.3 9.1

34.4 33.1 42.6 41.3 29.4

10.9 6.8 10.5 13.9 6.4

20.4 21.5 19.6 23.2 26.1

24.2 22.3 20.5 25.8 27.1

9.9 19.3 12.9 15.3 19.8

14.1 11.7 14.1 8.9 9.8

40.8 39.6 47.8 47.8 36.4

11.2 8.5 14.8 15.7 9.1

Vermont .................................. Virginia.................................... Washington............................. West Virginia........................... Wisconsin ............................... Wyoming.................................

80.8 75.2 83.8 66.0 78.6 83.0

80.8 78.3 85.0 66.0 79.6 83.9

82.9 60.3 81.2 64.7 61.3 81.2

84.7 70.5 56.7 70.3 54.1 59.3

87.1 82.1 77.3 88.8 71.5 77.5

66.8 70.7 72.3 57.9 66.8 68.2

86.4 81.5 87.1 75.2 85.1 87.9

86.6 84.3 89.3 75.1 86.6 88.8

84.2 71.6 84.0 76.6 68.5 86.7

85.6 62.9 53.0 74.2 54.6 66.3

78.4 84.2 80.5 90.3 73.2 82.4

76.9 78.5 77.4 73.5 77.3 77.2

24.3 24.5 22.9 12.3 17.7 18.8

24.2 27.0 23.3 12.2 18.1 19.3

30.5 11.1 15.4 10.9 8.3 9.5

28.2 22.4 11.0 17.6 10.0 4.8

52.1 40.2 30.2 63.3 40.4 28.6

11.1 14.7 9.1 6.5 5.5 6.2

29.4 29.5 27.7 14.8 22.4 21.9

29.5 32.3 28.5 14.7 23.0 22.6

34.8 15.1 19.4 11.5 10.5 18.6

36.8 20.7 11.1 19.7 11.4 7.8

46.7 48.8 36.8 63.9 43.0 36.3

18.1 19.6 12.4 12.8 10.4 8.1

1Includes persons of Hispanic origin. 2Persons of Hispanic origin may be of

any race.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, 1990 Decennial Census, Minority Economic Profiles; 2000 Decennial Census, Summary File 3; and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared June 2003.)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Educational Attainment 29

30

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Educational Attainment

Table 13. Educational attainment of persons 25 years old and over for the 25 largest states, by sex: 2004 Number of persons 25 years old and over (in thousands) State

Percent with high school completion or higher

Percent with bachelor’s or higher degree

Total

Males

Females

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

United States1 ... 186,877 (225.3)

89,558 (260.6)

97,319 (264.6)

85.2

(0.09)

84.8

(0.13)

85.4

(0.12)

27.7

(0.11)

29.4

(0.17)

26.1

(0.15)

1,353 (40.3) 1,702 (45.1) 10,762 (111.4) 1,401 (41.0) 5,481 (80.4)

1,537 (42.9) 1,808 (46.5) 11,334 (114.1) 1,456 (41.8) 6,008 (84.1)

82.4 84.4 81.3 88.3 85.9

(0.73) (0.79) (0.36) (0.55) (0.43)

81.9 84.0 81.2 87.8 85.6

(1.09) (1.16) (0.55) (0.79) (0.61)

82.9 84.8 81.3 88.9 86.3

(0.97) (1.09) (0.55) (0.73) (0.55)

22.3 28.0 31.7 35.5 26.0

(0.79) (0.97) (0.43) (0.79) (0.49)

25.2 29.3 34.4 36.0 29.3

(1.22) (1.40) (0.67) (1.16) (0.79)

19.7 26.7 29.1 35.2 23.0

(1.03) (1.34) (0.61) (1.16) (0.67)

1

Alabama ................. Arizona ................... California ................ Colorado ................. Florida.....................

2,891 (58.7) 3,510 (64.6) 22,096 (155.6) 2,856 (58.3) 11,489 (114.9)

Female 10

Georgia................... Illinois...................... Indiana.................... Kentucky ................. Louisiana ................

5,525 8,090 4,010 2,754 2,758

(80.7) (97.1) (69.0) (57.3) (57.3)

2,645 3,895 1,921 1,317 1,296

(56.2) (68.0) (47.9) (39.7) (39.4)

2,880 4,196 2,089 1,437 1,462

(58.6) (70.5) (50.0) (41.5) (41.9)

85.2 86.8 87.2 81.8 78.7

(0.67) (0.43) (0.55) (0.73) (0.91)

84.7 87.0 86.6 82.3 78.1

(1.03) (0.61) (0.85) (1.03) (1.28)

85.6 86.7 87.7 81.3 79.2

(0.97) (0.61) (0.79) (1.03) (1.22)

27.6 27.4 21.1 21.0 22.4

(0.85) (0.55) (0.67) (0.79) (0.91)

26.5 28.6 21.5 22.6 24.5

(1.28) (0.85) (0.97) (1.16) (1.34)

28.7 26.3 20.7 19.5 20.5

(1.22) (0.79) (0.91) (1.03) (1.22)

Maryland................. Massachusetts........ Michigan ................. Minnesota ............... Missouri ..................

3,609 4,344 6,444 3,337 3,698

(65.5) (71.7) (87.0) (63.0) (66.3)

1,688 2,033 3,040 1,665 1,763

(45.0) (49.3) (60.2) (44.7) (45.9)

1,922 2,311 3,404 1,672 1,935

(48.0) (52.5) (63.6) (44.7) (48.1)

87.4 86.9 87.9 92.3 87.9

(0.61) (0.55) (0.43) (0.43) (0.61)

85.2 88.3 88.4 91.4 87.5

(0.97) (0.79) (0.67) (0.67) (0.85)

89.3 85.7 87.4 93.2 88.3

(0.79) (0.79) (0.61) (0.61) (0.79)

35.2 36.7 24.4 32.5 28.1

(0.91) (0.79) (0.61) (0.79) (0.79)

37.1 39.8 26.4 32.4 31.0

(1.34) (1.16) (0.91) (1.09) (1.22)

33.4 34.0 22.6 32.6 25.5

(1.22) (1.03) (0.79) (1.09) (1.09)

New Jersey ............. New York................. North Carolina ........ Ohio ........................ Pennsylvania...........

5,655 (81.6) 12,508 (119.6) 5,313 (79.2) 7,362 (92.8) 8,272 (98.2)

2,687 5,829 2,556 3,474 3,892

(56.6) (82.8) (55.2) (64.3) (68.0)

2,969 6,679 2,757 3,888 4,380

(59.5) (88.5) (57.3) (67.9) (72.0)

87.6 85.4 80.9 88.1 86.5

(0.49) (0.36) (0.67) (0.43) (0.43)

87.8 85.1 79.6 87.9 86.7

(0.67) (0.55) (1.03) (0.61) (0.61)

87.3 85.7 82.2 88.2 86.4

(0.67) (0.49) (0.91) (0.61) (0.55)

34.6 30.6 23.4 24.6 25.3

(0.67) (0.49) (0.73) (0.55) (0.55)

37.9 31.0 24.3 26.7 27.9

(0.97) (0.73) (1.09) (0.85) (0.79)

31.7 30.2 22.6 22.7 22.9

(0.91) (0.67) (1.03) (0.79) (0.73)

Tennessee .............. Texas ...................... Virginia.................... Washington............. Wisconsin ...............

3,972 (68.6) 13,356 (123.4) 4,865 (75.8) 4,029 (69.1) 3,540 (64.9)

1,943 6,479 2,373 1,980 1,721

(48.2) (87.2) (53.2) (48.7) (45.4)

2,029 6,877 2,492 2,049 1,819

(49.3) (89.8) (54.5) (49.5) (46.7)

82.9 78.3 88.4 89.7 88.8

(0.73) (0.49) (0.61) (0.61) (0.55)

81.9 78.3 87.1 89.3 88.2

(1.09) (0.67) (0.91) (0.91) (0.79)

83.9 78.3 89.6 90.2 89.3

(1.03) (0.67) (0.79) (0.85) (0.73)

24.3 24.5 33.1 29.9 25.6

(0.85) (0.49) (0.85) (0.91) (0.73)

25.7 26.3 35.5 32.3 25.6

(1.28) (0.73) (1.28) (1.34) (1.03)

23.0 22.8 30.8 27.5 25.6

(1.22) (0.67) (1.22) (1.34) (1.03)

1

Total includes all 50 states. NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, “Educational Attainment in the United States,” 2004. Retrieved on March 25, 2005, from http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/education/cps2004.html. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Educational Attainment

31

Table 14. Educational attainment of persons 25 years old and over for the 15 largest metropolitan areas, by sex: 2002 Number of persons 25 years old and over (in thousands) Metropolitan area 1

Percent high school completion or higher Percent completed bachelor’s or higher degree

Total

Males

Females

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9 37.7

(2.01)

Female 10

Atlanta, GA, MSA ...........................................................

2,736

(57.1)

1,336 (40.0) 1,400 (41.0) 87.7 (0.91) 87.2 (1.40) 88.2 (1.28)

34.9

(1.34)

32.2

(1.88)

Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA/NH/ME/CT,CMSA ...............................................

4,049

(69.3)

1,956 (48.4) 2,093 (50.0) 87.7 (0.55) 87.9 (0.79) 87.6 (0.79)

36.0

(0.79)

36.9

(1.16)

35.2

(1.16)

Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, IL/IN/WI, CMSA.......................

5,723

(82.1)

2,708 (56.8) 3,016 (59.9) 86.1 (0.55) 85.7 (0.79) 86.6 (0.73)

31.7

(0.73)

31.9

(1.09)

31.5

(1.03)

Cleveland-Akron, OH, CMSA .........................................

2,144

(50.6)

995 (34.6) 1,149 (37.1) 90.8 (0.73) 91.8 (0.97) 89.9 (1.03)

26.8

(1.09)

30.5

(1.64)

23.6

(1.40)

Dallas-Fort Worth, TX, CMSA ........................................

3,391

(63.5)

1,616 (44.0) 1,775 (46.1) 82.1 (0.91) 82.2 (1.34) 82.1 (1.28)

31.1

(1.09)

34.7

(1.64)

27.8

(1.46)

Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, CMSA .................................

3,809

(67.2)

1,779 (46.1) 2,029 (49.3) 86.1 (0.61) 85.7 (0.91) 86.5 (0.85)

25.2

(0.79)

26.3

(1.16)

24.3

(1.09)

Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX, CMSA .......................

3,043

(60.2)

1,518 (42.7) 1,525 (42.7) 80.0 (1.09) 78.8 (1.58) 81.3 (1.46)

29.0

(1.22)

30.1

(1.76)

28.0

(1.70)

Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, CA,CMSA ................................................................. 10,234 (108.7)

4,930 (76.3) 5,304 (79.1) 77.3 (0.55) 78.3 (0.73) 76.4 (0.73)

26.3

(0.55)

29.0

(0.85)

23.7

(0.73)

Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL, CMSA.................................

(56.1)

1,286 (39.3) 1,355 (40.3) 81.4 (0.91) 80.3 (1.28) 82.3 (1.22)

27.1

(1.03)

27.9

(1.46)

26.4

(1.40)

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY/NJ/CT/PA, CMSA................................................ 14,156 (126.8)

6,723 (88.8) 7,433 (93.2) 83.8 (0.36) 84.5 (0.49) 83.2 (0.49)

32.2

(0.43)

34.2

(0.61)

30.4

(0.61)

Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA/NJ/DE/MD, CMSA ...............................................

4,274

(71.2)

2,013 (49.1) 2,261 (52.0) 87.0 (0.55) 87.2 (0.79) 86.9 (0.73)

30.5

(0.73)

32.3

(1.09)

28.9

(0.97)

Pittsburgh, PA, MSA .......................................................

1,672

(44.7)

794 (30.9)

878 (32.5) 90.4 (0.79) 91.3 (1.09) 89.5 (1.16)

30.6

(1.28)

35.9

(1.88)

25.7

(1.64)

St. Louis, MO/IL, MSA ....................................................

1,680

(44.9)

790 (30.8)

890 (32.7) 87.7 (0.85) 88.6 (1.22) 86.8 (1.22)

30.5

(1.22)

32.9

(1.82)

28.3

(1.64)

San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, CMSA...............

4,421

(72.3)

2,227 (51.6) 2,193 (51.2) 88.6 (0.73) 88.5 (0.97) 88.6 (0.97)

39.5

(1.09)

41.1

(1.52)

37.8

(1.52)

Washington-Baltimore, DC/MD/VA/WV, CMSA...............

5,157

(78.0)

2,453 (54.1) 2,703 (56.8) 89.3 (0.36) 88.3 (0.61) 90.3 (0.49)

43.1

(0.61)

44.3

(0.91)

42.0

(0.85)

2,642

NOTE: CMSA=Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area. MSA=Metropolitan Statistical Area. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, “Educational Attainment in the United States: March 2002.” Retrieved June 1, 2003, from http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/education/ppl-169.html. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

32

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Population

o i t a l upoTable P 15. Estimates of resident population, by age group: 1970 through 2004 [In thousands]

Year 1

Total, all ages

Total, 3 to 34 years

3 and 4 years

5 and 6 years

7 to 13 years

14 to 17 years

18 and 19 years

20 and 21 years

22 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1970........................................................... 1971........................................................... 1972........................................................... 1973........................................................... 1974...........................................................

203,984 206,827 209,284 211,357 213,342

108,653 110,482 112,287 113,954 115,641

6,962 6,805 6,789 6,938 7,117

7,703 7,344 7,051 6,888 6,864

28,969 28,892 28,628 28,159 27,599

15,921 16,326 16,637 16,864 17,033

7,410 7,644 7,854 8,044 8,196

6,850 7,106 7,447 7,658 7,893

9,728 10,596 10,418 10,615 10,864

13,604 13,927 15,142 15,694 16,428

11,505 11,842 12,321 13,094 13,644

1975........................................................... 1976........................................................... 1977........................................................... 1978........................................................... 1979...........................................................

215,465 217,563 219,760 222,095 224,567

117,006 118,073 118,853 119,414 120,126

6,912 6,437 6,190 6,208 6,252

7,014 7,194 6,978 6,499 6,256

26,904 26,321 25,878 25,593 25,174

17,125 17,117 17,042 16,944 16,610

8,418 8,604 8,613 8,617 8,698

8,089 8,240 8,456 8,628 8,653

11,228 11,554 11,856 12,120 12,443

17,183 18,177 18,180 18,585 19,077

14,131 14,428 15,661 16,218 16,961

1980........................................................... 1981........................................................... 1982........................................................... 1983........................................................... 1984...........................................................

227,225 229,466 231,664 233,792 235,825

121,132 121,999 121,823 122,302 122,254

6,366 6,535 6,658 6,877 7,045

6,291 6,315 6,407 6,572 6,694

24,800 24,396 24,121 23,709 23,367

16,143 15,609 15,057 14,740 14,725

8,718 8,582 8,480 8,290 7,932

8,669 8,759 8,768 8,652 8,567

12,716 12,903 12,914 12,981 12,962

19,686 20,169 20,704 21,414 21,459

17,743 18,731 18,714 19,067 19,503

1985........................................................... 1986........................................................... 1987........................................................... 1988........................................................... 1989...........................................................

237,924 240,133 242,289 244,499 246,819

122,512 122,688 122,672 122,713 122,655

7,134 7,187 7,132 7,176 7,315

6,916 7,086 7,178 7,238 7,184

22,976 22,992 23,325 23,791 24,228

14,888 14,824 14,502 14,023 13,536

7,637 7,483 7,502 7,701 7,898

8,370 8,024 7,742 7,606 7,651

12,895 12,720 12,450 12,048 11,607

21,671 21,893 21,857 21,739 21,560

20,025 20,479 20,984 21,391 21,676

1990........................................................... 1991........................................................... 1992........................................................... 1993........................................................... 1994...........................................................

249,623 252,981 256,514 259,919 263,126

122,787 123,210 123,722 124,371 124,976

7,359 7,444 7,614 7,887 8,089

7,244 7,393 7,447 7,549 7,725

24,785 25,216 25,752 26,212 26,492

13,329 13,491 13,775 14,096 14,637

7,702 7,208 6,949 6,985 7,047

7,886 8,029 7,797 7,333 7,071

11,264 11,205 11,391 11,657 11,585

21,277 20,923 20,503 20,069 19,740

21,939 22,301 22,494 22,584 22,590

1995........................................................... 1996........................................................... 1997........................................................... 1998........................................................... 1999...........................................................

266,278 269,394 272,647 275,854 279,040

125,478 125,924 126,422 126,939 127,446

8,107 8,022 7,915 7,841 7,772

8,000 8,206 8,232 8,152 8,041

26,825 27,168 27,683 28,302 28,763

15,013 15,443 15,769 15,829 16,007

7,182 7,399 7,569 7,892 8,094

7,103 7,161 7,309 7,520 7,683

11,197 10,715 10,601 10,647 10,908

19,680 19,864 19,899 19,804 19,575

22,372 21,945 21,446 20,953 20,603

2000........................................................... 2001 1 ........................................................ 2002 1 ........................................................ 2003 1 ........................................................ 2004 1 ........................................................

282,192 285,102 287,941 290,789 293,655

128,047 128,536 129,125 129,753 130,442

7,717 7,653 7,651 7,729 7,958

7,979 7,900 7,784 7,718 7,715

29,085 29,177 29,182 29,039 28,661

16,111 16,172 16,350 16,502 16,831

8,184 8,169 8,113 8,166 8,274

7,995 8,284 8,322 8,306 8,242

11,130 11,516 12,007 12,452 12,729

19,306 18,936 18,907 19,123 19,561

20,540 20,730 20,810 20,719 20,471

1

Revised from previously published figures. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates as of July 1. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, Series P-25, Nos. 1000, 1022, 1045, 1057, 1059, 1092, 1095; and 2000 through 2004 Cen-

sus Bureau, Population Estimates, retrieved August 11, 2005, from http://www.census.gov/ popest/national/asrh/2004_nat_res.html. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Population

33

Table 16. Estimates of resident population, by race/ethnicity and age group: Selected years, 1980 through 2004 Number (in thousands)

Percentage distribution American Indian/ Alaska More than Native one race

Hispanic

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Total 1980......................... 1985......................... 1990......................... 1995......................... 20001 ............................. 20011 ....................... 20021 ....................... 20031 ....................... 20041 .......................

227,225 237,924 249,623 266,278 282,192 285,102 287,941 290,789 293,655

181,140 184,945 188,725 194,389 195,769 196,320 196,822 197,325 197,841

26,215 27,738 29,439 32,500 34,413 34,813 35,196 35,577 35,964

14,869 18,368 22,573 28,158 35,647 37,060 38,477 39,902 41,322

3,665 5,315 7,092 9,188 10,827 11,243 11,650 12,058 12,467

1,336 1,558 1,793 2,044 2,104 2,130 2,155 2,181 2,207

— — — — 3,432 3,536 3,641 3,747 3,855

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

79.7 77.7 75.6 73.0 69.4 68.9 68.4 67.9 67.4

11.5 11.7 11.8 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2

6.5 7.7 9.0 10.6 12.6 13.0 13.4 13.7 14.1

1.6 2.2 2.8 3.5 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2

0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8

— — — — 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3

Under 5 1980......................... 1985......................... 1990......................... 1995......................... 20001 ....................... 20011 ....................... 20021 ....................... 20031 ....................... 20041 .......................

16,451 17,842 18,856 19,627 19,187 19,361 19,548 19,791 20,071

11,904 12,683 12,757 12,415 11,268 11,241 11,216 11,215 11,246

2,413 2,572 2,825 3,050 2,763 2,798 2,828 2,862 2,910

1,677 1,938 2,497 3,245 3,741 3,877 4,031 4,205 4,370

319 478 593 734 714 738 762 795 830

137 171 184 182 172 171 171 171 172

— — — — 531 537 541 543 543

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

72.4 71.1 67.7 63.3 58.7 58.1 57.4 56.7 56.0

14.7 14.4 15.0 15.5 14.4 14.4 14.5 14.5 14.5

10.2 10.9 13.2 16.5 19.5 20.0 20.6 21.2 21.8

1.9 2.7 3.1 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1

0.8 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

— — — — 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7

5 to 17 1980......................... 1985......................... 1990......................... 1995......................... 20001 ....................... 20011 ....................... 20021 ....................... 20031 ....................... 20041 .......................

47,232 44,782 45,359 49,838 53,174 53,250 53,316 53,259 53,207

35,220 32,099 — — 33,017 32,795 32,551 32,210 31,881

6,840 6,569 — — 7,989 7,988 7,980 7,953 7,914

4,005 4,609 — — 8,682 8,917 9,170 9,419 9,672

790 1,111 — — 1,910 1,945 1,979 2,010 2,040

377 393 — — 522 517 511 505 499

— — — — 1,053 1,088 1,124 1,162 1,202

100.0 100.0 — — 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

74.6 71.7 — — 62.1 61.6 61.1 60.5 59.9

14.5 14.7 — — 15.0 15.0 15.0 14.9 14.9

8.5 10.3 — — 16.3 16.7 17.2 17.7 18.2

1.7 2.5 — — 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8

0.8 0.9 — — 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9

— — — — 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3

18 to 24 1980......................... 1985......................... 1990......................... 1995......................... 20001 ....................... 20011 ....................... 20021 ....................... 20031 ....................... 20041 .......................

30,103 28,902 26,853 25,482 27,310 27,968 28,442 28,924 29,245

23,278 21,375 — — 16,924 17,303 17,574 17,865 18,049

3,872 3,853 — — 3,781 3,889 3,971 4,056 4,112

2,284 2,805 — — 4,780 4,901 4,977 5,038 5,088

468 645 — — 1,199 1,217 1,233 1,247 1,253

201 224 — — 239 249 256 264 271

— — — — 387 410 432 453 471

100.0 100.0 — — 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

77.3 74.0 — — 62.0 61.9 61.8 61.8 61.7

12.9 13.3 — — 13.8 13.9 14.0 14.0 14.1

7.6 9.7 — — 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.4 17.4

1.6 2.2 — — 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.3

0.7 0.8 — — 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

— — — — 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6

25 and over 1980......................... 1985......................... 1990......................... 1995......................... 20001 ....................... 20011 ....................... 20021 ....................... 20031 ....................... 20041 .......................

133,438 146,398 158,555 171,332 182,521 184,524 186,635 188,815 191,132

110,737 118,787 125,653 131,839 134,561 134,981 135,482 136,035 136,664

13,091 14,744 16,322 18,250 19,879 20,139 20,418 20,707 21,029

6,903 9,016 11,447 14,519 18,445 19,365 20,299 21,239 22,192

2,088 3,081 4,190 5,628 7,004 7,344 7,676 8,005 8,343

620 771 944 1,096 1,171 1,193 1,217 1,240 1,265

— — — — 1,460 1,501 1,544 1,589 1,639

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

83.0 81.1 79.2 76.9 73.7 73.2 72.6 72.0 71.5

9.8 10.1 10.3 10.7 10.9 10.9 10.9 11.0 11.0

5.2 6.2 7.2 8.5 10.1 10.5 10.9 11.2 11.6

1.6 2.1 2.6 3.3 3.8 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.4

0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7

— — — — 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

1

White, Black, Total non-Hispanic non-Hispanic

Hispanic

American Indian/ More Alaska than one Native race

Asian/ Pacific Islander

Year and age group

Asian/ Pacific Islander

—Not available. 1 Data on persons of more than one race group were collected beginning in 2000. Direct comparability of the data (other than Hispanic) prior to 2000 with the data for 2000 and later years is limited by the extent to which people reporting more than one race in later years had been reported in specific race groups in earlier years.

White, Black, Total non-Hispanic non-Hispanic

NOTE: Resident population includes civilian population and armed forces personnel residing within the United States; it excludes armed forces personnel residing overseas. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates as of July 1. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Population Estimates, retrieved August 11, 2005, from http://www.census.gov/popest/national/asrh/2004_nat_res.html and http://www.census.gov/popest/datasets.html. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

34

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Population

Table 17. Estimated total and school-age resident populations, by state: Selected years, 1970 through 2004 [In thousands] 19701 State 1

19801

Total, 5- to 17all ages year-olds

19852

Total, all 5- to 17ages year-olds

19901

Total, 5- to 17all ages year-olds

20002

Total, 5- to 17all ages year-olds

20032

Total, all 5- to 17ages year-olds

20042

Total, 5- to 17all ages year-olds

Total, all ages

5- to 17year-olds

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

United States ....................

203,302

52,540

226,546

47,407

237,924

44,782

248,765

45,178

282,192

53,174

290,789

53,259

293,655

53,207

Alabama .................................... Alaska........................................ Arizona ...................................... Arkansas.................................... California ...................................

3,444 303 1,775 1,923 19,971

934 88 486 498 4,999

3,894 402 2,718 2,286 23,668

866 92 578 496 4,681

3,973 532 3,184 2,327 26,441

798 112 601 461 4,752

4,040 550 3,665 2,351 29,786

774 117 686 455 5,344

4,452 628 5,166 2,679 34,002

826 143 993 499 6,787

4,504 648 5,579 2,728 35,463

806 140 1,077 495 6,907

4,530 655 5,744 2,753 35,894

798 138 1,097 491 6,962

Colorado .................................... Connecticut................................ Delaware.................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

2,210 3,032 548 757 6,791

589 768 148 164 1,609

2,890 3,108 594 638 9,746

592 638 125 109 1,789

3,209 3,201 618 635 11,351

599 549 113 88 1,792

3,294 3,287 666 607 12,938

607 520 114 80 2,011

4,327 3,412 786 571 16,049

807 620 143 82 2,716

4,548 3,487 818 558 16,999

833 625 141 75 2,872

4,601 3,504 830 554 17,397

840 626 140 75 2,912

Georgia...................................... Hawaii ........................................ Idaho.......................................... Illinois......................................... Indiana.......................................

4,588 770 713 11,110 5,195

1,223 204 200 2,859 1,386

5,463 965 944 11,427 5,490

1,231 198 213 2,401 1,200

5,963 1,040 994 11,400 5,459

1,195 194 223 2,192 1,087

6,478 1,108 1,007 11,431 5,544

1,230 196 228 2,095 1,056

8,230 1,212 1,300 12,440 6,092

1,581 217 271 2,371 1,153

8,676 1,249 1,367 12,649 6,200

1,638 211 270 2,351 1,170

8,829 1,263 1,393 12,714 6,238

1,654 210 269 2,348 1,170

Iowa ........................................... Kansas....................................... Kentucky .................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine.........................................

2,825 2,249 3,221 3,645 994

743 573 844 1,041 260

2,914 2,364 3,661 4,206 1,125

604 468 800 969 243

2,830 2,427 3,695 4,408 1,163

543 452 745 937 222

2,777 2,478 3,687 4,222 1,228

525 472 703 891 223

2,928 2,693 4,049 4,470 1,277

542 523 728 899 229

2,942 2,725 4,118 4,494 1,309

510 503 719 855 219

2,954 2,736 4,146 4,516 1,317

500 495 714 841 215

Maryland.................................... Massachusetts........................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi .................................

3,924 5,689 8,882 3,806 2,217

1,038 1,407 2,450 1,051 635

4,217 5,737 9,262 4,076 2,521

895 1,153 2,067 865 599

4,413 5,881 9,076 4,184 2,588

788 989 1,824 796 576

4,781 6,016 9,295 4,376 2,575

803 940 1,754 829 550

5,312 6,362 9,956 4,934 2,849

1,005 1,101 1,923 955 569

5,512 6,420 10,082 5,064 2,883

1,016 1,080 1,892 922 548

5,558 6,417 10,113 5,101 2,903

1,020 1,069 1,884 908 541

Missouri ..................................... Montana..................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire .........................

4,678 694 1,485 489 738

1,183 197 389 127 189

4,917 787 1,570 800 921

1,008 167 324 160 196

5,000 822 1,585 951 997

941 167 305 166 182

5,117 799 1,578 1,202 1,109

944 163 309 204 194

5,606 904 1,713 2,018 1,241

1,055 174 332 371 234

5,719 918 1,737 2,242 1,289

1,028 160 318 420 234

5,755 927 1,747 2,335 1,300

1,013 156 313 435 232

New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York.................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota .............................

7,171 1,017 18,241 5,084 618

1,797 311 4,358 1,323 175

7,365 1,303 17,558 5,882 653

1,528 303 3,552 1,254 136

7,566 1,438 17,792 6,254 677

1,340 304 3,173 1,175 133

7,748 1,515 17,991 6,632 639

1,269 320 3,000 1,147 127

8,434 1,821 18,999 8,078 641

1,529 377 3,448 1,432 120

8,642 1,879 19,212 8,421 633

1,566 365 3,344 1,499 108

8,699 1,903 19,227 8,541 634

1,575 359 3,326 1,518 103

Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon....................................... Pennsylvania.............................. Rhode Island .............................

10,657 2,559 2,092 11,801 950

2,820 640 534 2,925 225

10,798 3,025 2,633 11,864 947

2,307 622 525 2,376 186

10,735 3,271 2,673 11,771 969

2,090 635 504 2,079 163

10,847 3,146 2,842 11,883 1,003

2,012 609 521 1,996 159

11,364 3,454 3,431 12,286 1,051

2,130 653 624 2,191 184

11,438 3,506 3,564 12,371 1,076

2,073 629 627 2,135 182

11,459 3,524 3,595 12,406 1,081

2,049 618 626 2,118 182

South Carolina........................... South Dakota ............................. Tennessee ................................. Texas ......................................... Utah ...........................................

2,591 666 3,926 11,199 1,059

720 187 1,002 3,002 312

3,122 691 4,591 14,229 1,461

703 147 972 3,137 350

3,303 698 4,715 16,273 1,643

663 139 903 3,318 418

3,486 696 4,877 16,986 1,723

662 144 882 3,437 457

4,024 756 5,703 20,949 2,243

745 151 1,023 4,277 509

4,149 765 5,845 22,103 2,352

745 142 1,012 4,411 510

4,198 771 5,901 22,490 2,389

744 139 1,007 4,424 507

Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................ West Virginia.............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming....................................

445 4,651 3,413 1,744 4,418 332

118 1,197 881 442 1,203 92

511 5,347 4,132 1,950 4,706 470

109 1,114 826 414 1,011 101

530 5,715 4,400 1,907 4,748 500

100 1,039 816 383 908 108

563 6,189 4,867 1,793 4,892 454

102 1,060 893 337 927 101

610 7,104 5,911 1,807 5,374 494

113 1,279 1,119 299 1,023 97

619 7,365 6,131 1,811 5,474 502

106 1,303 1,107 288 986 89

621 7,460 6,204 1,815 5,509 507

104 1,307 1,099 284 970 86

1 As 2

of April 1. Estimates as of July 1. NOTE: Resident population includes civilian population and armed forces personnel residing within the United States and within each state; it excludes armed forces personnel residing overseas. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, Series P-25, No. 1095; CPH-L-74 (1990 data); and 2000 through 2004 Census Bureau, Population Estimates, retrieved August 15, 2005, from http://www.census.gov/popest/ datasets.html. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

e t c a r a hTable C 18. Number and percentage of families, by family status and presence of own children under 18: Selected years, 1970 through 2004

Family status 1

1970

1980

1990

1995

2

3

4

5

2000

2001

2002

2003

6

7

8

9

Change, 1970 2004 to 1990 10

In thousands

Change, 1990 to 2004

11

12

Percent change

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

All families......................................................

51,456

(241.6)

59,550

(256.4)

66,090

(292.5)

69,305

(297.7)

72,025

(311.6)

73,767

(313.3)

74,329

(327.6)

75,596

(329.2)

76,217

(330.0)

28.4

15.3

Married-couple family ..................................................... Without own children under 18 ................................... With own children under 18 ........................................ One own child under 18 .......................................... Two own children under 18...................................... Three or more own children under 18 .....................

44,728 19,196 25,532 8,163 8,045 9,325

(230.0) (162.1) (183.8) (108.8) (108.0) (115.9)

49,112 24,151 24,961 9,671 9,488 5,802

(241.0) (181.9) (184.5) (119.6) (118.5) (93.5)

52,317 27,780 24,537 9,583 9,784 5,170

(272.7) (213.9) (202.8) (131.9) (133.2) (97.9)

53,858 28,617 25,241 9,564 10,358 5,319

(276.8) (217.8) (206.4) (132.5) (137.6) (99.8)

55,311 30,062 25,248 9,402 10,274 5,572

(289.5) (230.5) (214.1) (136.2) (142.1) (105.9)

56,592 30,612 25,980 9,958 10,478 5,544

(291.6) (232.2) (216.7) (140.0) (143.4) (105.6)

56,747 30,955 25,792 9,832 10,440 5,519

(299.3) (234.6) (216.5) (138.1) (142.2) (104.4)

57,320 31,406 25,914 9,875 10,520 5,519

(300.4) (236.1) (217.0) (138.4) (142.7) (104.4)

57,719 31,926 25,793 9,763 10,481 5,548

(301.2) (237.7) (216.5) (137.7) (142.4) (104.6)

17.0 44.7 -3.9 17.4 21.6 -44.6

10.3 14.9 5.1 1.9 7.1 7.3

Other family, male householder, no spouse present....... Without own children under 18 ................................... With own children under 18 ........................................ One own child under 18 .......................................... Two own children under 18...................................... Three or more own children under 18 .....................

1,228 887 341 179 87 75

(42.9) (36.5) (22.7) (16.4) (11.5) (10.6)

1,733 1,117 616 374 165 77

(51.6) (41.5) (30.9) (24.1) (16.0) (10.9)

2,884 1,731 1,153 723 307 123

(73.6) (57.1) (46.7) (37.0) (24.1) (15.3)

3,226 1,786 1,440 891 405 144

(78.2) (58.4) (52.4) (41.3) (27.9) (16.6)

4,028 2,242 1,786 1,131 483 171

(90.4) (67.7) (60.5) (48.2) (31.6) (18.8)

4,275 2,438 1,836 1,113 544 179

(93.0) (70.6) (61.3) (47.8) (33.5) (19.2)

4,438 2,535 1,903 1,162 538 202

(93.8) (71.1) (61.7) (48.3) (32.9) (20.2)

4,656 2,741 1,915 1,174 534 208

(96.0) (73.9) (61.9) (48.5) (32.8) (20.5)

4,716 2,786 1,931 1,146 550 235

(96.6) (74.5) (62.2) (48.0) (33.3) (21.8)

134.9 95.2 238.1 303.9 252.9 64.0

63.5 60.9 67.5 58.5 79.2 91.1

Other family, female householder, no spouse present .... Without own children under 18 ................................... With own children under 18 ........................................ One own child under 18 .......................................... Two own children under 18...................................... Three or more own children under 18 .....................

5,500 2,642 2,858 1,008 810 1,040

(89.9) (62.7) (65.2) (38.9) (34.9) (39.5)

8,705 3,261 5,445 2,398 1,817 1,230

(113.7) (70.6) (90.7) (60.6) (52.9) (43.5)

10,890 4,290 6,599 3,225 2,173 1,202

(140.1) (89.4) (110.2) (77.7) (64.0) (47.7)

12,220 4,606 7,615 3,633 2,450 1,531

(148.7) (93.1) (118.8) (82.9) (68.2) (54.1)

12,687 5,116 7,571 3,777 2,458 1,336

(156.9) (101.6) (122.8) (87.6) (70.9) (52.4)

12,900 5,362 7,538 3,675 2,476 1,388

(158.2) (103.9) (122.6) (86.4) (71.1) (53.4)

13,143 5,133 8,010 3,967 2,580 1,463

(158.6) (100.7) (125.1) (88.7) (71.8) (54.2)

13,620 5,481 8,139 4,134 2,486 1,519

(161.3) (104.0) (126.1) (90.6) (70.5) (55.2)

13,781 5,560 8,221 4,055 2,665 1,501

(162.2) (104.7) (126.7) (89.7) (72.9) (54.9)

98.0 62.4 130.9 219.9 168.3 15.6

26.5 29.6 24.6 25.7 22.6 24.9

Change in percentage points

Percentage of all families 100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

†

†

86.9 37.3 49.6 15.9 15.6 18.1

(0.18) (0.26) (0.27) (0.20) (0.20) (0.21)

82.5 40.6 41.9 16.2 15.9 9.7

(0.21) (0.27) (0.27) (0.20) (0.20) (0.16)

79.2 42.0 37.1 14.5 14.8 7.8

(0.25) (0.30) (0.29) (0.21) (0.22) (0.16)

77.7 41.3 36.4 13.8 14.9 7.7

(0.25) (0.30) (0.29) (0.21) (0.22) (0.16)

76.8 41.7 35.1 13.1 14.3 7.7

(0.27) (0.31) (0.30) (0.21) (0.22) (0.17)

76.7 41.5 35.2 13.5 14.2 7.5

(0.22) (0.26) (0.25) (0.18) (0.18) (0.14)

76.3 41.6 34.7 13.2 14.0 7.4

(0.22) (0.26) (0.25) (0.18) (0.18) (0.14)

75.8 41.5 34.3 13.1 13.9 7.3

(0.22) (0.25) (0.25) (0.17) (0.18) (0.13)

75.7 41.9 33.8 12.8 13.8 7.3

(0.22) (0.25) (0.24) (0.17) (0.18) (0.13)

-7.7 4.7 -12.5 -1.4 -0.8 -10.3

-3.5 -0.1 -3.3 -1.7 -1.0 -0.5

Other family, male householder, no spouse present....... Without own children under 18 ................................... With own children under 18 ........................................ One own child under 18 .......................................... Two own children under 18...................................... Three or more own children under 18 .....................

2.4 1.7 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.1

(0.08) (0.07) (0.04) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02)

2.9 1.9 1.0 0.6 0.3 0.1

(0.09) (0.07) (0.06) (0.04) (0.03) (0.02)

4.4 2.6 1.7 1.1 0.5 0.2

(0.12) (0.10) (0.08) (0.06) (0.04) (0.03)

4.7 2.6 2.1 1.3 0.6 0.2

(0.13) (0.10) (0.09) (0.07) (0.05) (0.03)

5.6 3.1 2.5 1.6 0.7 0.2

(0.15) (0.11) (0.10) (0.08) (0.05) (0.03)

5.8 3.3 2.5 1.5 0.7 0.2

(0.12) (0.09) (0.08) (0.06) (0.05) (0.03)

6.0 3.4 2.6 1.6 0.7 0.3

(0.12) (0.09) (0.08) (0.06) (0.04) (0.03)

6.2 3.6 2.5 1.6 0.7 0.3

(0.12) (0.10) (0.08) (0.06) (0.04) (0.03)

6.2 3.7 2.5 1.5 0.7 0.3

(0.12) (0.10) (0.08) (0.06) (0.04) (0.03)

2.0 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.1

1.8 1.1 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.1

Other family, female householder, no spouse present .... Without own children under 18 ................................... With own children under 18 ........................................ One own child under 18 .......................................... Two own children under 18...................................... Three or more own children under 18 .....................

10.7 5.1 5.6 2.0 1.6 2.0

(0.17) (0.12) (0.12) (0.08) (0.07) (0.08)

14.6 5.5 9.1 4.0 3.1 2.1

(0.19) (0.12) (0.16) (0.11) (0.09) (0.08)

16.5 6.5 10.0 4.9 3.3 1.8

(0.23) (0.15) (0.18) (0.13) (0.11) (0.08)

17.6 6.6 11.0 5.2 3.5 2.2

(0.23) (0.15) (0.19) (0.14) (0.11) (0.09)

17.6 7.1 10.5 5.2 3.4 1.9

(0.24) (0.16) (0.19) (0.14) (0.12) (0.09)

17.5 7.3 10.2 5.0 3.4 1.9

(0.20) (0.14) (0.16) (0.12) (0.10) (0.07)

17.7 6.9 10.8 5.3 3.5 2.0

(0.20) (0.13) (0.16) (0.12) (0.10) (0.07)

18.0 7.3 10.8 5.5 3.3 2.0

(0.20) (0.13) (0.16) (0.12) (0.09) (0.07)

18.1 7.3 10.8 5.3 3.5 2.0

(0.20) (0.13) (0.16) (0.12) (0.09) (0.07)

5.8 1.4 4.4 2.9 1.7 -0.2

1.6 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.2

Arrangements and Characteristics, 2001 and 2002; Current Population Survey (CPS), Annual Social and Economic Supplement, 2003 and 2004. Retrieved August 12, 2005, from http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/hh-fam/cps2004.html; and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

35

†Not applicable. NOTE: Own children are never-married sons and daughters, including stepchildren and adopted children, of the householder or married couple. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, Series P-20, Household and Family Characteristics, selected years 1995 through 1998; America’s Families and Living Arrangements, 1999 and 2000; and Children’s Living

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Characteristics of Families With Children

All families...................................................... Married-couple family ..................................................... Without own children under 18 ................................... With own children under 18 ........................................ One own child under 18 .......................................... Two own children under 18...................................... Three or more own children under 18 .....................

36

Table 19. Characteristics of families with own children under 18, by race/ethnicity and family structure: 2004 Families with own children under 18

Families with own children under 6

Families with own children under 3

Families with Race and family characteristic

Total families

Total

2

3

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

All races1 .................................................. Married-couple families......................... Families with male householder, no spouse present .......................... Families with female householder, no spouse present ..........................

76,217 (238.6) 35,944 (180.7) 57,719 (217.7) 25,793 (156.4)

White, non-Hispanic 2................................ Married-couple families......................... Families with male householder, no spouse present .......................... Families with female householder, no spouse present ..........................

4,716

Percent of all families

Percentage distribution

1 child under 18

2 children under 18

5

6

7

4 47.2 44.7

(0.19) (0.21)

100.0 71.8

(†) 14,964 (121.8) 13,696 (116.9) (0.24) 9,763 (99.4) 10,481 (102.9)

40.9

(0.73)

5.4

(0.12)

10

(73.9) (64.9)

1,985 1,475

180

(13.8)

55

(45.5) 15,614 (124.3) (39.3) 11,711 (108.5) (7.6)

766

(28.3)

Total

11

Percent of all families

12

13

20.5 20.3

(0.15) (0.17)

8,954 6,909

(95.4) (84.1)

11.7 12.0

(0.12) (0.14)

16.2

(0.55)

447

(21.7)

9.5

(0.44)

13,781 (117.2)

8,221

(91.5)

59.7

(0.43)

22.9

(0.23)

4,055

(64.8)

2,665

(52.7)

1,046

(33.1)

455

(21.9)

3,136

(57.1)

22.8

(0.37)

1,597

(40.9)

11.6

(0.28)

54,023 (212.5) 23,040 (148.7) 44,197 (196.7) 17,961 (132.7)

42.6 40.6

(0.22) (0.24)

100.0 78.0

(†) (0.28)

9,808 6,956

(99.7) (84.4)

9,068 7,446

(96.0) (87.2)

3,131 2,654

(57.0) (52.6)

1,033 905

(32.9) (30.8)

9,475 7,822

(98.0) (89.4)

17.5 17.7

(0.17) (0.19)

5,539 4,704

(75.5) (69.7)

10.3 10.6

(0.13) (0.15)

42.5

(0.97)

5.0

(0.15)

723

(27.5)

320

(18.3)

89

(9.7)

20

(4.6)

366

(19.6)

13.5

(0.67)

194

(14.3)

7.2

(0.51)

(34.7)

(24.0)

9

8 5,298 4,073

Percent of all families

(44.9)

1,152

550

Total

1,931

(53.1)

(34.6)

4 or more under 18

(69.8)

2,711

1,146

3 children under 18

7,115

(85.3)

3,927

(63.8)

55.2

(0.60)

17.0

(0.25)

2,129

(47.1)

1,301

(36.9)

388

(20.2)

109

(10.7)

1,287

(36.7)

18.1

(0.47)

640

(25.9)

9.0

(0.35)

Black 2 ....................................................... Married-couple families......................... Families with male householder, no spouse present .......................... Families with female householder, no spouse present ..........................

8,912 4,146

(82.6) (59.9)

4,973 2,035

(64.9) (43.0)

55.8 49.1

(0.51) (0.76)

100.0 40.9

(†) (0.68)

2,134 791

(44.0) (27.2)

1,706 764

(39.5) (26.7)

747 315

(26.4) (17.3)

386 165

(19.1) (12.5)

2,108 837

(43.7) (28.0)

23.7 20.2

(0.44) (0.61)

1,109 428

(32.1) (20.1)

12.4 10.3

(0.34) (0.46)

782

(27.0)

356

(18.3)

45.5

(1.74)

7.2

(0.36)

211

(14.1)

98

(9.6)

31

(5.4)

15

(3.8)

162

(12.4)

20.7

(1.41)

95

(9.5)

12.1

(1.14)

3,984

(58.8)

2,582

(48.1)

64.8

(0.74)

51.9

(0.69)

1,131

(32.4)

845

(28.1)

401

(19.5)

206

(14.0)

1,108

(32.1)

27.8

(0.69)

586

(23.5)

14.7

(0.55)

Hispanic.................................................... Married-couple families......................... Families with male householder, no spouse present .......................... Families with female householder, no spouse present ..........................

9,272 6,227

(79.0) (69.0)

5,837 4,086

(67.3) (58.2)

63.0 65.6

(0.49) (0.59)

100.0 70.0

(†) (0.59)

2,112 1,310

(43.3) (34.6)

2,098 1,556

(43.2) (37.5)

1,148 881

(32.5) (28.6)

479 339

(21.2) (17.9)

3,015 2,225

(51.0) (44.4)

32.5 35.7

(0.47) (0.59)

1,703 1,274

(39.2) (34.1)

18.4 20.5

(0.39) (0.50)

908

(29.0)

329

(17.6)

36.2

(1.56)

5.6

(0.29)

154

(12.1)

108

(10.1)

53

(7.1)

14

(3.6)

193

(13.5)

21.3

(1.32)

128

(11.0)

14.1

(1.13)

2,138

(43.6)

1,422

(36.0)

66.5

(1.00)

24.4

(0.55)

648

(24.6)

434

(20.2)

214

(14.2)

126

(10.9)

597

(23.6)

27.9

(0.95)

301

(16.8)

14.1

(0.73)

†Not applicable. 1Race of family is defined as race of head of household. “All races” includes other race/ethnicity groups not separately shown. 2Data are for single racial group, excluding race combinations that are not separately shown. NOTE: Own children are never-married sons and daughters, including stepchildren and adopted children, of the householder or married couple. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, American Families and Living Arrangements, 2004. Retrieved August 16, 2005, from http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/hh-fam/cps2004.html. (This table was prepared December 2005.)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Characteristics of Families With Children

[In thousands]

Table 20. Household income and poverty rates, by state: 1990, 2000, and 2002–2004 Median household income, in constant 2004 dollars1

Poverty status of related children 5 through 17 years old2

Percent of persons below the poverty level 1990

20004

2

3

4

5

6

United States ....................

$44,216

$47,600

$44,473

(126)

13.1

12.4

12.4

(0.12)

7,545

(7.8)

17.0

(0.02)

7,974

(5.8)

15.4

(0.01)

8,658

(178)

16.4

(0.3)

Alabama .................................... Alaska........................................ Arizona ...................................... Arkansas.................................... California ...................................

34,714 60,916 40,515 31,110 52,663

38,692 58,456 45,972 36,478 53,833

38,111 54,627 42,590 33,948 49,894

(962) (992) (873) (606) (543)

18.3 9.0 15.7 19.1 12.5

16.1 9.4 13.9 15.8 14.2

15.5 9.2 13.8 17.6 13.2

(0.91) (0.73) (0.85) (0.97) (0.36)

178 11 136 107 894

(1.2) (0.3) (1.0) (0.9) (3.3)

23.2 9.6 20.3 23.8 17.2

(0.16) (0.27) (0.15) (0.20) (0.06)

165 14 171 98 1,217

(1.2) (0.3) (1.3) (0.6) (4.6)

20.3 10.3 17.8 20.1 18.5

(0.11) (0.18) (0.11) (0.13) (0.04)

170 16 192 99 1,233

(26) (3) (30) (16) (78)

22.1 11.9 17.6 19.7 18.0

(3.1) (2.4) (2.6) (3.0) (1.0)

Colorado .................................... Connecticut................................ Delaware.................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

44,340 61,377 51,305 45,203 40,431

53,505 61,135 53,706 45,484 44,001

51,022 55,970 50,152 — 40,171

(994) (1,089) (1,071) (†) (536)

11.7 6.8 8.7 16.9 12.7

9.3 7.9 9.2 20.2 12.5

9.8 8.8 8.5 16.8 12.3

(0.67) (0.67) (0.73) (1.03) (0.43)

82 50 12 18 344

(0.8) (0.8) (0.3) (0.4) (2.0)

13.7 9.8 11.0 24.1 17.5

(0.13) (0.15) (0.27) (0.59) (0.10)

79 58 15 24 434

(0.7) (0.7) (0.4) (0.4) (2.0)

10.0 9.6 10.9 30.4 16.6

(0.08) (0.10) (0.22) (0.44) (0.07)

87 67 14 20 447

(20) (15) (4) (4) (45)

10.5 10.8 10.8 26.2 15.2

(2.4) (2.4) (2.5) (4.3) (1.4)

Georgia...................................... Hawaii ........................................ Idaho.......................................... Illinois......................................... Indiana.......................................

42,693 57,122 37,156 47,447 42,364

48,098 56,471 42,588 52,810 47,116

43,217 53,123 42,519 45,787 43,003

(667) (1,049) (824) (669) (686)

14.7 8.3 13.3 11.9 10.7

13.0 10.7 11.8 10.7 9.5

12.0 9.7 10.5 12.5 10.2

(0.73) (0.73) (0.79) (0.55) (0.61)

228 20 32 328 132

(1.6) (0.5) (0.5) (1.6) (1.1)

18.9 10.5 14.4 15.9 12.8

(0.14) (0.25) (0.23) (0.08) (0.10)

248 27 33 309 119

(1.4) (0.6) (0.6) (1.5) (1.4)

16.1 12.9 12.6 13.4 10.6

(0.09) (0.18) (0.14) (0.05) (0.08)

315 17 31 422 182

(37) (4) (7) (43) (28)

19.2 8.5 11.2 18.7 16.3

(2.0) (2.1) (2.3) (1.8) (2.3)

Iowa ........................................... Kansas....................................... Kentucky .................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine.........................................

38,586 40,148 33,150 32,290 40,977

44,738 46,047 38,167 36,914 42,211

43,042 43,725 37,396 35,523 39,395

(846) (981) (700) (859) (721)

11.5 11.5 19.0 23.6 10.8

9.1 9.9 15.8 19.6 10.9

9.7 10.7 15.4 17.0 12.2

(0.73) (0.73) (0.91) (0.97) (0.79)

65 59 161 267 27

(0.7) (0.7) (1.1) (1.6) (0.4)

12.6 12.8 23.2 30.4 12.3

(0.14) (0.15) (0.16) (0.19) (0.20)

50 53 137 223 27

(0.6) (0.6) (1.0) (1.1) (0.5)

9.5 10.4 19.4 25.3 12.0

(0.09) (0.10) (0.10) (0.11) (0.15)

53 65 154 138 26

(13) (14) (25) (24) (6)

11.1 13.5 21.5 17.3 12.2

(2.5) (2.7) (3.2) (2.8) (2.8)

Maryland.................................... Massachusetts........................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi .................................

57,942 54,361 45,634 45,471 29,623

59,926 57,244 50,630 53,400 35,512

56,763 52,354 44,476 55,914 33,659

(1,067) (959) (704) (842) (719)

8.3 8.9 13.1 10.2 25.2

8.5 9.3 10.5 7.9 19.9

8.6 9.8 12.1 7.0 17.7

(0.61) (0.61) (0.55) (0.55) (1.03)

82 112 288 93 177

(1.0) (1.1) (1.5) (0.8) (1.2)

10.5 12.2 16.7 11.4 32.6

(0.12) (0.12) (0.09) (0.10) (0.21)

96 122 238 81 146

(0.9) (1.3) (1.1) (0.7) (1.0)

9.8 11.4 12.7 8.7 26.0

(0.09) (0.08) (0.05) (0.06) (0.13)

114 91 301 74 147

(23) (20) (36) (18) (20)

11.8 8.1 16.0 8.3 26.6

(2.2) (1.7) (1.8) (1.9) (3.2)

Missouri ..................................... Montana..................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire .........................

38,782 33,818 38,273 45,621 53,444

42,998 37,433 44,490 50,532 56,071

43,988 35,201 44,623 46,984 57,352

(710) (734) (888) (991) (938)

13.3 16.1 11.1 10.2 6.4

11.7 14.6 9.7 10.5 6.5

10.9 14.3 9.9 10.2 5.7

(0.73) (0.91) (0.73) (0.73) (0.55)

150 29 37 23 12

(1.1) (0.5) (0.6) (0.5) (0.3)

16.2 18.4 12.0 11.7 6.4

(0.12) (0.30) (0.18) (0.26) (0.16)

148 29 36 44 15

(1.1) (0.5) (0.6) (0.7) (0.3)

14.4 17.1 11.1 12.3 6.7

(0.08) (0.20) (0.12) (0.16) (0.12)

180 20 26 60 15

(28) (4) (7) (13) (5)

17.0 13.6 8.4 13.6 7.0

(2.5) (2.8) (2.2) (2.7) (2.0)

New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York.................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota .............................

60,209 35,435 48,496 39,201 34,149

62,508 38,690 49,186 44,415 39,224

56,772 37,587 44,228 39,000 39,594

(920) (902) (545) (598) (695)

7.6 20.6 13.0 13.0 14.4

8.5 18.4 14.6 12.3 11.9

8.2 17.5 14.4 14.8 10.3

(0.49) (1.09) (0.43) (0.67) (0.73)

134 83 531 180 20

(1.2) (0.8) (2.5) (1.2) (0.4)

10.8 26.3 18.1 16.0 15.9

(0.10) (0.25) (0.09) (0.11) (0.30)

158 87 640 207 15

(1.3) (0.7) (2.6) (1.2) (0.2)

10.5 23.6 19.1 14.9 12.2

(0.07) (0.17) (0.06) (0.07) (0.17)

127 78 683 287 9

(24) (13) (56) (35) (2)

7.9 21.8 20.3 18.6 9.1

(1.4) (3.4) (1.5) (2.1) (2.3)

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

7

8

Percent in poverty

Number in poverty (in thousands)

Percent in poverty

Number in poverty (in thousands)

9

10

11

12

Percent in poverty 13

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Characteristics of Families With Children

See notes at end of table.

20004

2004

19903

19903

Number in poverty (in thousands)

20004

2002–2004 (Three-year average)

State

2002–2004 (Three-year average)

3

37

Poverty status of related children 5 through 17 years old2

Percent of persons below the poverty level 1990

State 1

19903

20004

2002–2004 (Three-year average)

19903

20004

2002–2004 (Three-year average)

Number in poverty (in thousands)

7

3

20004 Percent in poverty 9

2004 Percent in poverty

10

Number in poverty (in thousands)

11

Percent in poverty

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon....................................... Pennsylvania.............................. Rhode Island .............................

42,230 34,685 40,088 42,764 47,342

46,424 37,859 46,378 45,460 47,709

44,160 38,281 42,617 44,286 46,199

(642) (603) (688) (619) (997)

12.5 16.7 12.4 11.1 9.6

10.6 14.7 11.6 11.0 11.9

10.8 12.6 11.7 10.4 11.3

(0.49) (0.85) (0.79) (0.49) (0.73)

321 119 68 284 19

(1.6) (1.0) (0.8) (1.5) (0.5)

16.2 19.9 13.4 14.5 12.3

(0.08) (0.16) (0.15) (0.08) (0.30)

268 113 77 292 28

(1.5) (1.0) (0.7) (1.5) (0.7)

12.9 17.7 12.8 13.6 15.6

(0.05) (0.11) (0.11) (0.05) (0.25)

289 85 81 315 33

(35) (18) (18) (37) (6)

14.3 14.6 13.0 15.5 17.6

(1.6) (2.8) (2.7) (1.7) (3.1)

South Carolina........................... South Dakota............................. Tennessee ................................. Texas ......................................... Utah ...........................................

38,626 33,105 36,494 39,744 43,354

42,032 39,992 41,214 45,257 51,830

39,326 40,518 38,550 41,275 50,614

(807) (706) (807) (458) (707)

15.4 15.9 15.7 18.1 11.4

14.1 13.2 13.5 15.4 9.4

14.0 12.5 14.9 16.4 9.6

(0.85) (0.79) (0.85) (0.49) (0.73)

131 26 169 791 49

(1.2) (0.5) (1.2) (3.1) (0.7)

20.0 18.7 19.5 23.4 10.9

(0.19) (0.33) (0.13) (0.09) (0.16)

130 23 166 806 44

(1.2) (0.3) (1.2) (2.6) (0.6)

17.9 15.5 16.6 19.3 8.9

(0.12) (0.21) (0.10) (0.06) (0.09)

141 21 180 961 57

(24) (4) (28) (69) (11)

19.6 16.5 18.0 21.8 10.5

(3.1) (2.7) (2.6) (1.4) (2.0)

Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................ West Virginia.............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming....................................

43,828 49,030 45,874 30,592 43,313 39,862

46,310 52,908 51,887 33,660 49,637 42,951

45,692 53,275 48,688 32,589 47,220 43,641

(747) (969) (840) (687) (782) (743)

9.9 10.2 10.9 19.7 10.7 11.9

9.4 9.6 10.6 17.9 8.7 11.4

8.8 9.8 11.7 16.1 10.2 9.6

(0.67) (0.67) (0.73) (0.85) (0.67) (0.73)

11 129 111 80 121 12

(0.3) (1.2) (0.9) (0.8) (0.9) (0.3)

10.7 12.4 12.8 24.0 13.3 12.6

(0.26) (0.12) (0.10) (0.23) (0.10) (0.33)

11 142 132 67 100 12

(0.2) (1.3) (1.4) (0.6) (1.1) (0.3)

9.9 11.4 12.2 22.9 10.0 12.5

(0.16) (0.08) (0.09) (0.17) (0.07) (0.24)

8 140 164 48 166 9

(2) (25) (27) (9) (27) (2)

8.1 10.9 14.5 16.5 17.8 10.6

(2.3) (1.8) (2.3) (2.8) (2.6) (2.6)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Adjusted by the Consumer Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS). 2Related children in a family include own children and all other children in the household who are related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption. 3Based on 1989 incomes collected in the 1990 census. Data may differ from figures derived from the Current Population Survey. 4Based on 1999 incomes collected in the 2000 census. Data may differ from figures derived from the Current Population Survey. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, 1990 Summary Tape File 3 (STF 3), “Median Household Income in 1989” and “Poverty Status in 1989 by Family Type and Age,” retrieved May 12, 2005, from http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/

8

Number in poverty (in thousands)

12

13

DTGeoSearchByListServlet?ds_name=DEC_1990_STF3_&_lang=en&_ts=134048804959; Decennial Census, 1990, Minority Economic Profiles, unpublished data; Decennial Census, 2000, Summary Social, Economic, and Housing Characteristics; Census 2000 Summary File 4 (SF 4), “Poverty Status in 1999 of Related Children Under 18 Years by Family Type by Age,” retrieved March 28, 2005, from http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTGeoSearchByListServlet?ds_name=DEC_2000_SF4_U&_lang=en&_ts=1340494 20077; Current Population Reports, Series P-60, Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2004; “Poverty Status by State: 2004,” retrieved September 14, 2005, from http://pubdb3.census.gov/macro/032005/pov/ new46_100125_02.htm; and “Income 2004,” retrieved September 14, 2005, from http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/income/ income04/statemhi.html. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Characteristics of Families With Children

Median household income, in constant 2004 dollars1

38

Table 20. Household income and poverty rates, by state: 1990, 2000, and 2002–2004—Continued

Table 21. Poverty status of persons, families, and children under age 18, by race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1959 through 2004 Number below the poverty level (in thousands) In families with female householder, no husband present

In all families Year and race/ethnicity

Percent below the poverty level In families with female householder, no husband present

In all families

All persons

Total

Householder1

Related children under 18

Total

Related children under 18

All persons

Total

Householder1

Related children under 18

Total

Related children under 18

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

39,490 39,851 33,185 25,420 25,877

(535.1) (537.4) (493.4) (434.9) (438.6)

34,562 34,925 28,358 20,330 20,789

(280.7) (283.1) (240.4) (187.3) (190.4)

8,320 8,243 6,721 5,260 5,450

(102.3) (101.7) (89.6) (77.3) (79.0)

17,208 17,288 14,388 10,235 10,882

(303.6) (304.2) (280.3) (239.8) (246.7)

7,014 7,247 7,524 7,503 8,846

(92.0) (93.8) (96.0) (95.9) (106.3)

4,145 4,095 4,562 4,689 5,597

(155.7) (154.7) (163.1) (165.3) (180.0)

22.4 22.2 17.3 12.6 12.3

(0.28) (0.27) (0.24) (0.21) (0.20)

20.8 20.7 15.8 10.9 10.9

(0.28) (0.28) (0.24) (0.20) (0.20)

18.5 18.1 13.9 10.1 9.7

(0.51) (0.50) (0.44) (0.37) (0.35)

26.9 26.5 20.7 14.9 16.8

(0.43) (0.42) (0.38) (0.33) (0.36)

49.4 48.9 46.0 38.1 37.5

(1.17) (1.15) (1.09) (0.97) (0.88)

72.2 68.4 64.2 53.0 52.7

(1.45) (1.47) (1.39) (1.30) (1.19)

1980............................... 1981............................... 1982............................... 1983............................... 1984...............................

29,272 31,822 34,398 35,303 33,700

(465.1) (518.1) (537.4) (543.9) (532.2)

22,601 24,850 27,349 27,933 26,458

(202.5) (232.8) (250.4) (254.5) (244.1)

6,217 6,851 7,512 7,647 7,277

(85.5) (97.1) (102.7) (103.9) (100.7)

11,114 12,068 13,139 13,427 12,929

(249.1) (277.1) (288.1) (290.9) (286.0)

10,120 11,051 11,701 12,072 11,831

(115.9) (131.4) (136.5) (139.4) (137.5)

5,866 6,305 6,696 6,747 6,772

(184.2) (204.2) (210.1) (210.9) (211.3)

13.0 14.0 15.0 15.2 14.4

(0.20) (0.22) (0.22) (0.22) (0.22)

11.5 12.5 13.6 13.9 13.1

(0.20) (0.22) (0.23) (0.23) (0.22)

10.3 11.2 12.2 12.3 11.6

(0.35) (0.38) (0.39) (0.39) (0.38)

17.9 19.5 21.3 21.8 21.0

(0.38) (0.42) (0.43) (0.44) (0.43)

36.7 38.7 40.6 40.2 38.4

(0.81) (0.86) (0.86) (0.85) (0.83)

50.8 52.3 56.0 55.4 54.0

(1.14) (1.19) (1.19) (1.18) (1.17)

1985............................... 1986............................... 1987............................... 1988............................... 1989...............................

33,064 32,370 32,221 31,745 31,528

(527.5) (522.2) (521.1) (563.6) (533.5)

25,729 24,754 24,725 24,048 24,066

(239.0) (232.1) (231.9) (247.3) (235.0)

7,223 7,023 7,005 6,876 6,784

(100.3) (98.6) (98.4) (106.0) (99.8)

12,483 12,257 12,275 11,935 12,001

(281.4) (279.1) (279.3) (300.2) (285.9)

11,600 11,944 12,148 11,972 11,668

(135.7) (138.4) (139.9) (150.9) (140.9)

6,716 6,943 7,074 6,742 6,808

(210.4) (213.8) (215.7) (229.6) (219.1)

14.0 13.6 13.4 13.0 12.8

(0.21) (0.21) (0.21) (0.22) (0.21)

12.6 12.0 12.0 11.6 11.5

(0.22) (0.21) (0.21) (0.23) (0.22)

11.4 10.9 10.7 10.4 10.3

(0.38) (0.37) (0.36) (0.39) (0.37)

20.1 19.8 19.7 19.0 19.0

(0.42) (0.42) (0.42) (0.45) (0.42)

37.6 38.3 38.1 37.2 35.9

(0.82) (0.82) (0.81) (0.88) (0.82)

53.6 54.4 54.7 50.6 51.1

(1.17) (1.16) (1.15) (1.24) (1.18)

1990............................... 1991............................... 1992............................... 1993............................... 1994...............................

33,585 35,708 36,880 39,265 38,059

(549.6) (565.6) (574.2) (591.1) (582.6)

25,232 27,143 27,947 29,927 28,985

(243.5) (257.5) (263.3) (277.6) (270.8)

7,098 7,712 7,960 8,393 8,053

(102.6) (108.0) (110.2) (113.9) (111.0)

12,715 13,658 13,876 14,961 14,610

(293.5) (303.3) (305.4) (316.0) (312.6)

12,578 13,824 13,716 14,636 14,380

(148.2) (158.0) (157.1) (164.3) (162.3)

7,363 8,065 8,032 8,503 8,427

(227.4) (237.4) (237.0) (243.5) (242.4)

13.5 14.2 14.8 15.1 14.5

(0.21) (0.22) (0.22) (0.22) (0.21)

12.0 12.8 13.3 13.6 13.1

(0.22) (0.22) (0.23) (0.23) (0.22)

10.7 11.5 11.7 12.3 11.6

(0.37) (0.38) (0.38) (0.39) (0.38)

19.9 21.1 21.1 22.0 21.2

(0.43) (0.44) (0.43) (0.43) (0.42)

37.2 39.7 39.0 38.7 38.6

(0.81) (0.81) (0.80) (0.77) (0.78)

53.4 55.5 54.3 53.7 52.9

(1.15) (1.12) (1.11) (1.08) (1.07)

1995............................... 1996............................... 1997............................... 1998............................... 1999...............................

36,425 36,529 35,574 34,476 32,258

(572.4) (573.1) (566.7) (559.2) (543.4)

27,501 27,376 26,217 25,370 23,396

(379.9) (378.5) (366.2) (357.2) (336.1)

7,532 7,708 7,324 7,186 6,676

(155.5) (157.7) (152.8) (151.0) (144.4)

13,999 13,764 13,422 12,845 11,510

(300.4) (298.5) (295.6) (290.6) (278.2)

14,205 13,796 13,494 12,907 11,607

(235.1) (230.4) (227.0) (220.3) (205.1)

8,364 7,990 7,928 7,627 6,602

(243.2) (238.4) (237.6) (233.6) (219.1)

13.8 13.7 13.3 12.7 11.8

(0.22) (0.21) (0.21) (0.21) (0.20)

12.3 12.2 11.6 11.2 10.2

(0.22) (0.22) (0.22) (0.21) (0.20)

10.8 11.0 10.3 10.0 9.3

(0.38) (0.38) (0.37) (0.36) (0.35)

20.2 19.8 19.2 18.3 16.3

(0.43) (0.43) (0.42) (0.41) (0.39)

36.5 35.8 35.1 33.1 30.4

(0.79) (0.79) (0.78) (0.77) (0.76)

50.3 49.3 49.0 46.1 41.9

(1.10) (1.11) (1.11) (1.10) (1.11)

2000............................... 2001............................... 2002............................... 2003............................... 2004...............................

31,054 32,907 34,570 35,861 36,997

(534.5) (548.1) (399.9) (407.8) (413.3)

22,015 23,215 24,534 25,684 26,564

(321.2) (334.2) (248.6) (257.3) (264.0)

6,222 6,813 7,229 7,607 7,854

(138.4) (146.2) (108.2) (111.6) (113.9)

11,018 11,175 11,646 12,340 12,460

(273.3) (274.9) (199.6) (206.5) (207.3)

10,425 11,223 11,657 12,413 12,823

(191.2) (200.6) (146.8) (153.1) (156.5)

6,116 6,341 6,564 7,085 7,132

(211.6) (215.1) (155.9) (162.3) (162.8)

11.3 11.7 12.1 12.5 12.7

(0.19) (0.20) (0.14) (0.14) (0.14)

9.6 9.9 10.4 10.8 11.0

(0.20) (0.20) (0.14) (0.15) (0.15)

8.6 9.2 9.6 10.0 10.2

(0.34) (0.34) (0.25) (0.25) (0.25)

15.6 15.8 16.3 17.2 17.3

(0.39) (0.39) (0.28) (0.28) (0.28)

27.9 28.6 28.8 30.0 30.5

(0.75) (0.73) (0.52) (0.52) (0.52)

39.8 39.3 39.6 41.8 41.9

(1.12) (1.09) (0.77) (0.76) (0.76)

White2 1960............................... 1965............................... 1970............................... 1975............................... 1980...............................

28,309 22,496 17,484 17,770 19,699

(457.8) (410.2) (363.3) (366.2) (384.9)

24,262 18,508 13,323 13,799 14,587

(213.5) (175.0) (139.1) (142.4) (148.0)

6,115 4,824 3,708 3,838 4,195

(84.6) (73.5) (63.2) (64.4) (67.8)

11,229 8,595 6,138 6,748 6,817

(250.3) (220.9) (188.2) (197.0) (197.9)

4,296 4,092 3,761 4,577 4,940

(68.7) (66.8) (63.7) (71.3) (74.5)

2,357 2,321 2,247 2,813 2,813

(118.1) (117.2) (115.3) (128.8) (128.8)

17.8 13.3 9.9 9.7 10.2

(0.27) (0.23) (0.20) (0.19) (0.19)

16.2 11.7 8.1 8.3 8.6

(0.27) (0.23) (0.19) (0.19) (0.19)

14.9 11.1 8.0 7.7 8.0

(0.49) (0.42) (0.35) (0.33) (0.33)

20.0 14.4 10.5 12.5 13.4

(0.41) (0.35) (0.31) (0.35) (0.37)

39.0 35.4 28.4 29.4 28.0

(1.30) (1.24) (1.09) (1.02) (0.94)

59.9 52.9 43.1 44.2 41.6

(1.91) (1.85) (1.68) (1.53) (1.47)

1985............................... 1990............................... 1995............................... 2000............................... 2001...............................

22,860 22,326 24,423 21,242 22,739

(442.7) (452.7) (480.5) (450.9) (465.2)

17,125 15,916 17,593 14,392 15,369

(177.3) (174.1) (273.0) (237.2) (248.2)

4,983 4,622 4,994 4,151 4,579

(80.2) (79.4) (121.4) (109.1) (115.4)

7,838 7,696 8,474 6,838 7,086

(226.5) (232.2) (244.6) (222.5) (226.1)

5,990 6,210 7,047 5,211 5,972

(89.5) (94.6) (149.2) (124.5) (135.0)

3,372 3,597 4,051 2,955 3,291

(150.7) (160.9) (174.9) (150.6) (158.5)

11.4 10.7 11.2 9.4 9.9

(0.21) (0.21) (0.22) (0.20) (0.20)

9.9 9.0 9.6 7.7 8.1

(0.21) (0.21) (0.22) (0.20) (0.20)

9.1 8.1 8.5 6.9 7.4

(0.37) (0.35) (0.37) (0.33) (0.34)

15.6 15.1 15.5 12.3 12.8

(0.42) (0.43) (0.44) (0.39) (0.40)

29.8 29.8 29.7 22.1 24.3

(0.96) (0.98) (0.96) (0.87) (0.88)

45.2 45.9 42.5 33.0 34.7

(1.51) (1.53) (1.43) (1.41) (1.38)

39

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Characteristics of Families With Children

All races 1959............................... 1960............................... 1965............................... 1970............................... 1975...............................

In all families Year and race/ethnicity

All persons

1

Total

2

Householder1

3

Percent below the poverty level

In families with female householder, no husband present Related children under 18

4

Total

5

Related children under 18

6

In families with female householder, no husband present

In all families All persons

7

Total

8

Householder1

9

Related children under 18

10

Total

11

Related children under 18

12

13

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2002............................... 2003............................... 2004...............................

24,074 24,950 26,038

(340.8) (347.2) (354.0)

16,486 17,271 18,027

(186.1) (192.3) (198.3)

4,954 5,171 5,428

(86.2) (88.4) (91.0)

7,494 7,969 8,231

(165.4) (171.1) (173.6)

6,248 6,835 7,197

(99.0) (104.5) (107.9)

3,462 3,797 3,984

(115.9) (121.4) (124.2)

10.3 10.6 10.9

(0.14) (0.15) (0.15)

8.5 8.8 9.1

(0.15) (0.15) (0.15)

7.9 8.1 8.5

(0.25) (0.25) (0.25)

13.2 14.0 14.4

(0.29) (0.29) (0.30)

24.2 25.8 26.6

(0.61) (0.62) (0.62)

34.7 37.0 38.1

(0.96) (0.96) (0.96)

Black2 1959............................... 1966............................... 1970............................... 1975............................... 1980...............................

9,927 8,867 7,548 7,545 8,579

(265.1) (251.8) (233.9) (233.8) (248.1)

9,112 8,090 6,683 6,533 7,190

(108.3) (100.5) (89.3) (88.1) (93.4)

1,860 1,620 1,481 1,513 1,826

(43.2) (40.2) (38.3) (38.7) (42.8)

5,022 4,774 3,922 3,884 3,906

(161.5) (158.0) (145.1) (144.5) (144.9)

2,416 3,160 3,656 4,168 4,984

(49.8) (57.8) (62.7) (67.6) (74.9)

1,475 2,107 2,383 2,724 2,944

(92.2) (109.2) (115.7) (123.1) (127.6)

55.1 41.8 33.5 31.3 32.5

(1.03) (0.94) (0.88) (0.83) (0.80)

54.9 40.9 32.2 30.1 31.1

(1.08) (0.98) (0.90) (0.87) (0.85)

48.1 35.5 29.5 27.1 28.9

(2.24) (1.98) (1.80) (1.66) (1.59)

65.5 50.6 41.5 41.4 42.1

(1.33) (1.26) (1.24) (1.25) (1.26)

70.6 65.3 58.7 54.3 53.4

(2.17) (1.91) (1.74) (1.59) (1.44)

81.6 76.6 67.7 66.0 64.8

(2.23) (1.98) (1.93) (1.81) (1.74)

1985............................... 1990............................... 1995............................... 2000............................... 2001...............................

8,926 9,837 9,872 7,862 8,136

(270.5) (292.4) (271.9) (252.0) (255.1)

7,504 8,160 8,189 6,108 6,389

(102.7) (111.9) (163.8) (136.8) (140.6)

1,983 2,193 2,127 1,685 1,829

(47.9) (52.3) (75.2) (66.4) (69.3)

4,057 4,412 4,644 3,417 3,423

(157.7) (169.2) (148.9) (138.7) (138.9)

5,342 6,005 6,553 4,697 4,694

(83.6) (92.7) (142.8) (117.1) (117.1)

3,181 3,543 3,954 2,830 2,741

(141.5) (153.6) (144.1) (130.7) (129.4)

31.3 31.9 29.3 22.0 22.7

(0.82) (0.82) (0.80) (0.71) (0.71)

30.5 31.0 28.5 20.7 21.4

(0.88) (0.88) (0.86) (0.76) (0.76)

28.7 29.3 26.4 19.1 20.7

(1.63) (1.63) (1.58) (1.35) (1.39)

43.1 44.2 41.5 30.4 30.0

(1.34) (1.35) (1.32) (1.23) (1.21)

53.2 50.6 48.2 38.6 37.4

(1.49) (1.42) (1.38) (1.42) (1.39)

66.9 64.7 61.6 49.4 46.6

(1.79) (1.75) (1.72) (1.87) (1.84)

2002............................... 2003............................... 2004...............................

8,884 9,108 9,393

(187.9) (200.6) (203.1)

6,985 7,162 7,482

(105.9) (107.6) (110.5)

1,958 2,021 2,081

(51.3) (52.2) (53.0)

3,733 3,977 3,952

(101.7) (113.1) (112.8)

5,145 5,312 5,464

(88.2) (89.8) (91.3)

2,990 3,185 3,135

(95.2) (103.9) (103.2)

23.9 24.3 24.7

(0.51) (0.51) (0.51)

22.5 23.1 23.8

(0.54) (0.55) (0.55)

21.4 22.1 22.8

(0.99) (1.00) (1.01)

31.3 33.2 32.9

(0.86) (0.87) (0.87)

38.0 38.9 39.6

(0.96) (0.96) (0.96)

46.9 49.3 48.9

(1.26) (1.26) (1.26)

Hispanic origin3 1975............................... 1980............................... 1985............................... 1990............................... 1995...............................

2,991 3,491 5,236 6,006 8,574

(183.3) (197.6) (208.9) (230.2) (256.3)

2,755 3,143 4,605 5,091 7,341

(53.5) (57.6) (76.6) (84.0) (153.0)

627 751 1,074 1,244 1,695

(24.5) (26.9) (34.6) (38.7) (66.6)

1,619 1,718 2,512 2,750 3,938

(96.3) (99.0) (125.8) (135.5) (147.9)

1,053 1,319 1,983 2,115 3,053

(32.0) (36.0) (47.9) (51.3) (91.7)

694 809 1,247 1,314 1,872

(64.1) (69.1) (90.7) (96.2) (113.2)

26.9 25.7 29.0 28.1 30.3

(1.43) (1.27) (1.01) (0.95) (0.88)

26.3 25.1 28.3 26.9 29.2

(1.46) (1.32) (1.06) (1.00) (0.92)

25.1 23.2 25.5 25.0 27.0

(2.95) (2.52) (2.01) (1.90) (1.81)

33.1 33.0 39.6 37.7 39.3

(1.66) (1.60) (1.61) (1.54) (1.38)

57.2 54.5 55.7 53.0 52.8

(3.92) (3.44) (2.49) (2.44) (2.12)

68.4 65.0 72.4 68.4 65.7

(3.59) (3.33) (2.83) (2.88) (2.52)

2000............................... 2001............................... 2002............................... 2003............................... 2004...............................

7,153 7,997 8,555 9,051 9,132

(240.9) (251.7) (186.7) (192.6) (193.2)

6,025 6,674 7,184 7,637 7,726

(135.7) (144.4) (107.8) (111.9) (112.7)

1,431 1,649 1,792 1,925 1,958

(60.9) (65.6) (48.9) (50.8) (51.3)

3,173 3,433 3,653 3,982 3,989

(138.3) (142.7) (105.1) (109.3) (109.4)

2,210 2,585 2,554 2,861 3,071

(76.8) (83.6) (59.3) (63.1) (65.6)

1,303 1,508 1,501 1,727 1,837

(96.8) (103.4) (73.9) (78.9) (81.1)

21.2 21.4 21.8 22.5 21.9

(0.72) (0.68) (0.48) (0.48) (0.47)

20.1 20.2 20.8 21.5 21.2

(0.75) (0.71) (0.50) (0.50) (0.49)

18.5 19.4 19.7 20.8 20.5

(1.42) (1.38) (0.96) (0.97) (0.95)

27.3 27.4 28.2 29.5 28.6

(1.17) (1.13) (0.80) (0.79) (0.77)

36.5 37.8 36.4 38.4 39.3

(1.99) (1.89) (1.32) (1.29) (1.27)

48.3 49.3 47.9 50.6 51.9

(2.72) (2.56) (1.80) (1.73) (1.69)

Asian/Pacific Islander 1990............................... 1995............................... 2000............................... 2001............................... 2002............................... 2003............................... 2004...............................

858 1,411 1,214 1,275 1,161 1,401 1,209

(90.0) (118.4) (110.2) (112.9) (77.1) (82.9) (77.4)

712 1,112 932 873 763 1,017 816

(29.0) (53.3) (48.6) (47.0) (31.3) (36.3) (32.4)

— — 235 234 210 311 232

(†) (†) (24.1) (24.0) (16.2) (19.8) (17.1)

356 532 434 353 302 331 269

(50.9) (63.9) (57.9) (52.4) (34.7) (35.8) (32.4)

132 266 206 198 155 242 135

(12.3) (25.6) (22.5) (22.1) (13.9) (17.4) (13.0)

— — 128 105 85 119 55

(†) (†) (31.8) (28.9) (18.5) (21.8) (14.9)

12.2 14.6 10.7 10.2 10.1 11.8 9.8

(1.21) (1.16) (0.93) (0.87) (0.65) (0.68) (0.62)

11.3 13.0 9.4 8.1 7.7 9.8 7.6

(1.23) (1.17) (0.94) (0.85) (0.62) (0.67) (0.59)

— — 8.8 7.8 7.4 10.2 7.4

(†) (†) (1.77) (1.58) (1.13) (1.26) (1.07)

17.0 18.6 14.1 11.1 11.4 12.1 9.5

(2.23) (2.06) (1.77) (1.58) (1.25) (1.26) (1.11)

20.7 28.9 19.6 14.8 15.2 23.6 13.2

(4.96) (4.81) (3.95) (3.13) (2.58) (3.05) (2.43)

— — 32.3 26.7 29.8 37.4 18.8

(†) (†) (6.64) (6.31) (5.46) (5.47) (4.61)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Refers to the person who owns or rents (maintains) the housing unit. 2Includes persons of Hispanic origin. 3Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.

NOTE: Data are from the Current Population Survey and may differ from data shown on other tables obtained from the Decennial Census. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, Series P-60, “Poverty in the United States,” various years, and “Income, Poverty, and Valuation of Noncash Benefits,” selected years, 1959 through 2004. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Characteristics of Families With Children

Number below the poverty level (in thousands)

40

Table 21. Poverty status of persons, families, and children under age 18, by race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1959 through 2004—Continued

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Opinions on Education

41

s n o i n i pO Table 22. Average grade that the public would give the public schools in their community and in the nation at large: 1974 through 2005 All adults Year

No children in school

Public school parents

Private school parents

Nation

Local community

Nation

Local community

Nation

Local community

Nation

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1974.................................................. 1975.................................................. 1976.................................................. 1977.................................................. 1978..................................................

— — — — —

2.63 2.38 2.38 2.33 2.21

— — — — —

2.57 2.31 2.34 2.25 2.11

— — — — —

2.80 2.49 2.48 2.59 2.47

— — — — —

2.15 1.81 2.22 2.05 1.69

1979.................................................. 1980.................................................. 1981.................................................. 1982.................................................. 1983..................................................

— — 1.94 2.01 1.91

2.21 2.26 2.20 2.24 2.12

— — — 2.04 1.92

2.15 — 2.12 2.18 2.10

— — — 2.01 1.92

2.38 — 2.36 2.35 2.31

— — — 2.02 1.82

1.88 — 1.88 2.20 1.89

1984.................................................. 1985.................................................. 1986.................................................. 1987.................................................. 1988..................................................

2.09 2.14 2.13 2.18 2.08

2.36 2.39 2.36 2.44 2.35

2.11 2.16 — 2.20 2.02

2.30 2.36 2.29 2.38 2.32

2.11 2.20 — 2.22 2.13

2.49 2.44 2.55 2.61 2.48

2.04 1.93 — 2.03 2.00

2.17 2.00 2.14 2.01 2.13

1989.................................................. 1990.................................................. 1991.................................................. 1992.................................................. 1993..................................................

2.01 1.99 2.00 1.93 1.95

2.35 2.29 2.36 2.30 2.41

1.99 1.98 — 1.92 1.97

2.27 2.27 — — 2.40

2.06 2.03 — 1.94 1.97

2.56 2.44 — 2.73 2.48

1.93 1.85 — 1.85 1.80

2.12 2.09 — — 2.11

1994.................................................. 1995.................................................. 1996.................................................. 1997.................................................. 1998..................................................

1.95 1.97 1.93 1.97 1.93

2.26 2.28 2.30 2.35 2.41

1.95 1.98 1.91 1.99 1.91

2.16 2.25 2.22 2.27 2.36

1.90 1.93 2.00 2.01 1.96

2.55 2.41 2.56 2.56 2.51

1.86 1.81 1.80 1.99 1.81

1.90 1.85 1.86 1.87 2.20

1999.................................................. 2000.................................................. 2001.................................................. 2002.................................................. 2003..................................................

2.02 1.98 2.01 2.08 2.11

2.44 2.47 2.47 2.44 2.41

2.03 1.94 2.00 2.08 2.09

2.42 2.44 2.42 2.40 2.32

1.97 2.05 2.04 2.06 2.16

2.56 2.59 2.66 2.61 2.57

— — — — —

— — — — —

2004.................................................. 2005..................................................

1.93 1.99

2.45 2.45

1.07 2.07

2.42 2.43

2.00 2.11

2.58 2.60

— —

— —

1

—Not available. NOTE: Average based on a scale where A=4, B=3, C=2, D=1, and F=0.

Local community

SOURCE: Phi Delta Kappa, Phi Delta Kappan, “The Annual Gallup Poll of the Public’s Attitudes Toward the Public Schools,” 1974 through 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

42

Table 23. Percentage of elementary and secondary school children whose parents were involved in school activities, by selected child, parent, and school characteristics: 1999 and 2003

Child, parent, and school characteristic

Attended a Attended general school parent-teacher meeting conference

1

Percent of children in 2003 whose parents1 report that they . . .

Attended Attended a Attended a Volunteered at general school parent-teacher class event school meeting conference

Attended a Volunteered at class event school

Percentage distribution of children, by parental reports of number of times spent helping with homework per week, 2003 2 Less than No help given once per week

1 to 2 days a week

3 to 4 days a 5 or more days week a week

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

78.3 (0.49)

72.8 (0.45)

65.4 (0.44)

36.8 (0.40)

87.7 (0.37)

77.1 (0.42)

69.9 (0.42)

41.8 (0.60)

4.9 (0.23)

24.6 (0.42)

33.9 (0.61)

25.2 (0.50)

11.4

(0.36)

Sex of child Male ......................................................................... Female .....................................................................

78.0 (0.62) 78.6 (0.69)

74.0 (0.60) 71.5 (0.56)

63.4 (0.62) 67.4 (0.59)

36.7 (0.65) 37.0 (0.61)

87.4 (0.49) 87.9 (0.55)

77.7 (0.63) 76.5 (0.63)

67.4 (0.75) 72.6 (0.63)

41.2 (0.87) 42.4 (0.83)

5.4 (0.36) 4.4 (0.31)

24.4 (0.58) 24.8 (0.68)

32.7 (0.74) 35.1 (0.87)

25.5 (0.69) 24.9 (0.66)

11.9 10.8

(0.49) (0.55)

Race/ethnicity of child White, non-Hispanic................................................. Black, non-Hispanic ................................................. Hispanic ................................................................... Other non-Hispanic..................................................

80.5 74.5 73.1 76.7

(0.54) (1.12) (1.18) (2.00)

73.6 71.1 71.0 73.2

(0.48) (1.23) (1.05) (1.94)

71.6 53.8 51.5 62.4

(0.53) (1.29) (1.02) (2.01)

42.7 26.2 24.5 30.7

(0.51) (1.21) (0.90) (1.94)

88.7 88.7 82.6 87.5

(0.51) (0.85) (1.05) (1.63)

76.4 78.7 78.1 77.6

(0.62) (1.35) (1.10) (2.25)

74.1 63.3 60.9 68.5

(0.65) (1.54) (1.36) (2.32)

48.4 32.0 27.7 37.2

(0.82) (1.65) (1.23) (2.16)

4.8 4.2 5.8 5.6

29.2 16.2 16.0 22.2

34.0 33.4 35.8 28.4

23.1 29.4 27.5 30.5

(0.60) (1.51) (1.13) (2.67)

8.9 16.7 14.9 13.3

(0.39) (1.14) (0.91) (1.56)

Highest education level of parents Less than high school .............................................. High school/GED ..................................................... Vocational/technical or some college....................... Associate’s degree................................................... Bachelor’s degree .................................................... Graduate/professional degree .................................

57.4 72.7 78.0 81.7 87.0 89.4

(1.77) (1.00) (1.04) (1.14) (0.73) (0.70)

60.0 69.7 72.8 75.8 79.6 76.2

(1.78) (0.87) (0.97) (1.39) (0.84) (1.09)

37.8 58.7 66.0 68.7 75.8 79.2

(1.68) (0.93) (1.05) (1.57) (0.93) (0.98)

12.9 26.0 35.7 41.5 49.6 55.1

(1.05) (0.88) (1.07) (1.53) (1.10) (1.21)

69.8 83.8 88.5 88.6 92.0 94.6

(2.04) (0.91) (0.67) (1.27) (0.75) (0.74)

67.8 75.4 78.0 76.6 79.8 79.4

(2.50) (0.93) (1.02) (1.68) (0.89) (0.99)

42.4 62.1 69.1 73.0 80.1 80.8

(2.42) (1.28) (0.93) (1.76) (0.95) (1.09)

15.6 30.3 38.8 39.7 53.9 61.8

(2.04) (1.27) (1.26) (1.67) (1.29) (1.57)

9.4 (1.30) 5.8 (0.55) 4.1 (0.41) 3 (†) 4.4 (0.54) 3.9 (0.50)

16.9 (1.85) 21.8 (0.87) 24.3 (0.82) 3 (†) 27.9 (1.15) 28.6 (1.11)

40.6 (2.86) 33.8 (0.96) 34.1 (1.12) 3 (†) 32.8 (1.20) 32.1 (1.15)

21.0 (1.90) 26.7 (1.00) 26.1 (0.87) 3 (†) 24.4 (1.03) 24.1 (1.08)

12.1 11.9 11.5 10.5 11.3

(1.66) (0.75) (0.62) (†) (0.75) (0.91)

Family income Less than $5,000 ..................................................... $5,001 to $10,000.................................................... $10,001 to 15,000.................................................... $15,001 to 20,000.................................................... $20,001 to 25,000.................................................... $25,001 to 30,000.................................................... $30,001 to 35,000.................................................... $35,001 to 40,000.................................................... $40,001 to 50,000.................................................... $50,001 to 75,000.................................................... Over $75,000 ...........................................................

67.0 66.8 67.1 71.1 70.6 74.3 79.0 79.4 81.6 84.6 88.5

(2.83) (2.13) (1.64) (1.76) (1.90) (1.35) (1.60) (1.38) (1.07) (0.78) (0.68)

66.7 67.6 70.0 70.4 67.0 71.6 73.8 73.7 75.1 74.8 77.3

(3.14) (2.25) (1.62) (1.52) (1.62) (1.31) (1.72) (1.38) (1.13) (0.91) (0.74)

47.4 50.7 49.9 55.1 53.4 59.1 67.6 68.4 72.8 72.6 79.3

(2.87) (2.23) (2.15) (1.89) (1.76) (1.71) (1.69) (1.64) (1.25) (0.90) (0.80)

17.6 23.3 20.4 25.3 26.2 30.9 37.9 36.1 40.1 43.8 54.9

(2.09) (1.91) (1.40) (1.70) (1.63) (1.69) (1.84) (1.84) (1.26) (1.05) (1.02)

77.7 79.3 80.0 81.1 83.5 85.7 84.5 83.4 87.5 89.9 93.9

(2.84) (3.26) (2.41) (2.60) (1.64) (1.46) (1.59) (2.50) (1.18) (0.79) (0.57)

72.4 75.7 75.6 74.2 79.1 75.9 76.3 74.7 79.3 76.9 78.6

(4.15) (3.28) (2.35) (2.23) (1.89) (2.41) (1.94) (2.10) (1.42) (0.96) (0.89)

55.6 59.9 53.4 57.5 62.4 64.2 64.7 70.9 68.5 74.5 79.3

(3.91) (3.60) (2.99) (2.28) (1.99) (2.23) (2.32) (2.41) (2.11) (1.04) (0.73)

27.3 30.4 22.5 25.6 27.0 33.8 33.5 37.3 40.0 46.0 56.8

(4.09) (3.35) (2.44) (2.84) (2.39) (2.86) (2.51) (3.50) (1.89) (1.27) (1.01)

3.7 5.3 5.5 5.5 7.7 4.1 6.4 3.6 4.3 5.0 4.4

17.0 19.2 16.5 19.2 17.0 19.1 19.9 22.8 24.7 27.2 30.8

38.1 32.9 35.9 37.4 32.1 38.2 34.9 32.5 31.5 34.3 32.4

25.9 29.9 27.1 22.6 30.4 25.9 27.5 27.6 28.1 23.5 23.0

(3.27) (2.54) (2.30) (2.00) (2.26) (2.36) (2.12) (2.32) (1.85) (1.04) (0.80)

15.2 12.8 15.1 15.4 12.8 12.8 11.2 13.4 11.4 10.0 9.5

(2.72) (1.82) (1.99) (2.04) (1.26) (1.45) (1.46) (1.67) (1.15) (0.64) (0.57)

Child attending public schools ..................................... Elementary (kindergarten to grade 8)...................... Secondary (grades 9 to 12) .....................................

76.8 (0.54) 81.7 (0.57) 65.8 (0.99)

71.4 (0.50) 80.9 (0.45) 50.1 (1.10)

63.5 (0.48) 66.9 (0.55) 55.9 (0.97)

33.8 (0.41) 38.1 (0.48) 24.0 (0.77)

86.7 (0.40) 90.9 (0.40) 76.9 (1.06)

75.9 (0.45) 85.1 (0.42) 54.8 (1.02)

68.0 (0.47) 71.7 (0.57) 59.4 (1.06)

38.5 (0.64) 42.8 (0.74) 28.5 (0.98)

4.9 (0.24) 1.6 (0.17) 12.7 (0.64)

24.7 (0.46) 16.5 (0.55) 44.2 (0.92)

34.2 (0.64) 34.7 (0.75) 32.9 (0.97)

25.1 (0.51) 32.4 (0.67) 7.9 (0.51)

11.1 14.8 2.4

(0.37) (0.51) (0.34)

Child attending private schools.................................... Elementary (kindergarten to grade 8)...................... Secondary (grades 9 to 12) .....................................

91.4 (0.80) 93.0 (0.73) 85.9 (2.09)

85.0 (0.95) 90.2 (0.81) 66.9 (2.74)

81.7 (1.09) 84.2 (1.11) 73.0 (2.62)

63.8 (1.35) 68.8 (1.37) 46.3 (3.23)

95.7 (0.61) 96.6 (0.69) 93.0 (1.56)

86.6 (1.03) 91.6 (0.92) 72.2 (2.54)

85.6 (1.23) 88.4 (1.22) 77.6 (2.93)

68.7 (1.57) 73.4 (1.90) 55.2 (2.78)

4.6 (0.89) 1.5 (0.47) 13.4 (2.66)

23.7 (1.58) 17.5 (1.64) 41.0 (3.23)

31.4 (1.54) 29.9 (1.68) 35.7 (3.41)

26.4 (1.78) 33.0 (2.23) 7.8 (1.68)

13.9 18.1 2.1

(1.05) (1.45) (0.78)

Total

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

†Not applicable. 1 The respondent was the parent most knowledgeable about the child’s education. Responding parents reported on their own and their spouse’s, or other household adults’, activities. 2Excludes children who do not have homework and children who never do homework. 3Included under vocational/technical or some college.

(0.34) (0.59) (0.57) (1.06)

(1.23) (1.56) (1.03) (1.10) (1.31) (0.91) (1.20) (0.89) (0.79) (0.49) (0.41)

(0.63) (1.15) (0.89) (1.99)

(3.35) (2.98) (2.21) (1.74) (1.80) (1.78) (1.85) (2.21) (1.62) (1.07) (0.96)

(0.75) (1.48) (1.30) (1.99)

(4.10) (3.14) (2.63) (2.63) (2.26) (2.95) (2.14) (2.32) (1.75) (1.11) (0.96)

14

3

NOTE: Includes children enrolled in kindergarten through grade 12. Excludes homeschooled children. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Parent and Family Involvement in Education: 2002–03; and Parent Survey (Parent:1999) and Parent and Family Involvement in Education Survey (PFI:2003) of the National Household Education Surveys Program, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared January 2006.)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Opinions on Education

Percent of children in 1999 whose parents1 report that they . . .

Table 24. Percentage of kindergartners through fifth-graders whose parents were involved in education-related activities, by selected child, parent, and school characteristics: 1999 and 2003 Percent of children in 1999 whose parents report that they did the following things with their children in the past month

Percent of children in 1999 whose parents Percent of children in 2003 whose parents report that they involved their children in the report that they involved their children in the following activities during the past week following activities during the past week

Percent of children in 2003 whose parents report that they did the following things with their children in the past month

Attended Went to an event a play, Visited an sponsored by concert, art gallery, a community, or other museum, or Visited a zoo religious, or live show historical site or aquarium ethnic group1

Attended Went to an event a play, Visited an sponsored by concert, art gallery, a community, or other museum, or Visited a zoo religious, or live show historical site or aquarium ethnic group1

Told a story

Worked on arts or crafts

2

3

4

5

7

8

9

10

11

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

Total..........................

48.6 (0.64)

32.1 (0.55)

22.2 (0.67)

14.1 (0.47)

52.8 (0.63)

50.2 (0.80)

35.5 (0.87)

22.2 (0.83)

16.5 (0.69)

62.0 (0.80)

69.4 (0.60)

68.0 (0.60)

93.8 (0.33)

74.9 (0.66)

74.9 (0.70)

97.1 (0.21)

Sex of child Male .............................. Female ..........................

47.2 (0.91) 50.1 (1.02)

30.5 (0.84) 33.7 (0.81)

22.3 (0.93) 22.1 (0.89)

13.9 (0.70) 14.3 (0.70)

50.9 (0.89) 54.8 (0.95)

47.3 (1.08) 53.1 (1.11)

33.6 (1.09) 37.5 (1.09)

23.1 (1.12) 21.2 (1.07)

16.3 (0.88) 16.7 (0.87)

61.0 (1.08) 63.0 (1.09)

69.1 (0.76) 69.7 (0.89)

64.2 (0.81) 71.9 (0.90)

93.0 (0.41) 94.6 (0.45)

73.3 (0.86) 76.6 (0.96)

69.7 (0.98) 80.2 (1.01)

97.0 (0.33) 97.3 (0.33)

Race/ethnicity of child White, non-Hispanic...... Black, non-Hispanic ...... Hispanic ........................ Other non-Hispanic.......

48.9 47.8 43.9 61.6

33.9 31.3 24.4 34.9

22.3 21.0 20.6 29.8

12.0 15.7 19.7 18.1

54.6 53.0 45.8 51.7

49.1 52.3 48.2 61.0

37.2 36.7 28.0 37.4

21.2 24.4 20.8 29.9

13.6 18.9 23.7 18.3

64.6 66.3 49.3 62.3

70.9 64.8 66.6 74.0

72.4 58.6 59.4 69.1

96.2 93.9 84.7 92.0

76.0 69.6 74.2 79.9

75.4 68.1 79.6 73.6

98.4 98.9 92.7 93.3

Child, parent, and school characteristic

Visited a library

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

(0.85) (1.76) (1.65) (3.14)

(0.72) (1.60) (1.10) (3.02)

(0.76) (1.52) (1.26) (3.16)

(0.54) (1.24) (1.02) (2.31)

(0.81) (1.40) (1.32) (3.18)

Visited a library

(1.03) (2.50) (1.77) (3.80)

(1.26) (2.23) (1.53) (3.04)

(1.09) (1.97) (1.38) (2.75)

(0.85) (1.55) (1.32) (2.76)

(1.12) (2.35) (1.75) (3.45)

(0.80) (1.73) (1.49) (2.87)

(0.73) (1.82) (1.33) (2.47)

Worked on household chores

(0.33) (0.79) (1.19) (1.56)

Told a story

(0.96) (2.00) (1.55) (3.06)

Worked on arts or crafts

(0.89) (2.14) (1.45) (2.52)

Worked on household chores

(0.24) (0.43) (0.86) (1.45)

Family income Less than $5,000 .......... $5,001 to $10,000......... $10,001 to 15,000......... $15,001 to 20,000......... $20,001 to 25,000......... $25,001 to 30,000......... $30,001 to 35,000......... $35,001 to 40,000......... $40,001 to 50,000......... $50,001 to 75,000......... Over $75,000 ................ Child attending public schools .......................

47.5 (0.68)

30.4 (0.58)

21.0 (0.70)

13.7 (0.49)

51.2 (0.68)

49.2 (0.87)

34.9 (0.88)

21.2 (0.92)

16.3 (0.71)

60.6 (0.85)

68.8 (0.65)

67.5 (0.66)

93.7 (0.38)

75.0 (0.68)

75.2 (0.72)

97.4 (0.21)

Child attending private schools .......................

56.4 (1.78)

44.3 (1.80)

31.0 (1.55)

17.1 (1.28)

64.8 (1.92)

57.0 (2.31)

40.0 (2.55)

29.0 (2.04)

17.9 (1.85)

72.2 (2.15)

73.7 (1.58)

71.6 (1.64)

94.7 (0.70)

74.2 (2.09)

72.1 (1.94)

95.1 (0.91)

1In

34.5 (2.33) 40.3 (1.42)

17.5 (1.63) 25.9 (1.13)

12.1 (1.64) 16.0 (1.04)

15.2 (1.65) 12.8 (0.98)

36.7 (2.32) 42.6 (1.23)

36.1 (3.39) 44.5 (1.64)

20.0 (3.10) 28.6 (1.83)

9.3 (1.75) 17.8 (1.73)

15.3 (2.05) 16.5 (1.18)

34.3 (3.06) 50.5 (1.81)

61.9 (2.30) 66.5 (1.28)

54.4 (2.13) 64.3 (1.27)

81.8 (1.97) 92.8 (0.75)

67.2 (3.16) 71.3 (1.59)

74.8 (3.20) 75.5 (1.32)

94.9 (1.22) 97.1 (0.56)

47.2 (1.41) 50.4 (2.12) 57.6 (1.52)

30.2 (1.30) 35.5 (2.10) 40.0 (1.24)

20.4 (1.21) 22.0 (1.77) 29.1 (1.37)

11.9 (0.90) 14.3 (1.42) 15.2 (1.03)

53.7 (1.43) 53.6 (2.26) 64.6 (1.22)

44.3 (2.04) 47.4 (3.04) 57.7 (1.74)

32.8 (1.89) 41.1 (3.24) 40.1 (1.61)

19.1 (1.32) 22.0 (2.40) 27.6 (1.70)

15.2 (1.29) 15.4 (2.09) 16.0 (1.32)

62.1 (1.64) 67.0 (2.85) 71.3 (1.63)

70.2 (1.23) 70.0 (2.04) 74.2 (1.39)

68.3 (1.18) 71.9 (1.88) 73.3 (1.10)

96.2 (0.58) 95.4 (0.92) 96.1 (0.66)

75.9 (1.54) 76.0 (2.00) 77.3 (1.60)

76.2 (1.51) 73.6 (2.47) 74.0 (1.48)

97.4 (0.56) 96.9 (0.73) 97.2 (0.46)

62.9 (1.53)

43.3 (1.77)

34.7 (1.73)

17.9 (1.33)

65.3 (1.68)

65.2 (2.04)

47.2 (2.53)

31.7 (2.02)

20.7 (1.82)

75.6 (1.55)

71.4 (1.73)

73.3 (1.53)

95.3 (0.79)

78.6 (1.64)

73.9 (1.72)

98.0 (0.46)

42.7 43.8 44.8 43.0 38.9 45.3 49.2 51.9 52.1 51.5 55.5

24.9 21.1 24.5 25.9 26.3 30.4 31.3 34.4 32.5 34.5 44.5

16.5 17.7 18.2 13.3 18.7 20.7 21.4 23.5 22.5 23.1 31.6

16.6 14.5 15.3 13.7 14.7 14.4 11.9 13.2 13.1 12.2 15.8

37.3 38.9 45.5 47.2 47.7 50.0 53.7 59.1 58.5 57.6 61.9

38.2 42.2 49.1 44.4 48.4 51.0 44.9 45.6 52.2 50.0 55.8

25.7 28.5 27.3 32.9 26.0 27.1 33.2 31.4 35.8 39.0 42.6

13.2 22.8 20.7 18.9 16.3 20.8 18.3 16.8 20.9 23.1 27.3

18.7 23.8 20.9 17.1 16.4 15.9 17.1 11.6 14.8 14.9 16.9

52.9 51.6 49.1 52.1 57.8 56.7 59.7 70.7 63.1 64.5 67.9

67.5 69.6 66.7 62.3 68.1 70.6 69.3 72.5 69.0 70.9 71.4

55.9 58.4 61.2 64.1 63.9 68.7 66.1 71.6 72.2 72.5 74.4

90.9 90.0 91.9 91.4 90.5 94.6 93.2 96.2 95.7 96.3 95.4

79.5 70.9 70.0 76.9 71.6 74.2 73.3 74.5 75.7 74.9 76.8

78.9 75.3 74.6 76.1 80.6 71.9 78.1 75.5 71.9 75.3 73.3

94.3 96.3 93.8 98.0 96.0 96.6 97.9 98.3 97.0 98.1 97.4

(4.27) (2.86) (2.51) (3.07) (2.10) (2.27) (2.55) (2.30) (2.03) (1.67) (1.61)

(2.73) (2.34) (2.32) (2.37) (2.05) (2.35) (2.66) (2.60) (1.71) (1.47) (1.45)

(2.76) (2.07) (1.99) (1.74) (1.85) (1.97) (1.97) (2.18) (1.51) (1.37) (1.75)

(2.77) (1.65) (2.06) (1.61) (1.50) (1.70) (1.42) (1.48) (1.24) (0.86) (0.86)

(3.55) (2.62) (2.83) (2.78) (2.53) (2.30) (2.48) (2.45) (2.01) (1.72) (1.33)

(5.63) (4.99) (4.27) (3.95) (3.57) (3.71) (3.17) (4.30) (3.00) (1.65) (1.69)

(4.94) (4.74) (3.26) (3.75) (3.39) (3.35) (3.22) (3.79) (2.99) (1.59) (1.66)

1999, one item was used to ask parents if they had attended an event sponsored by a community, ethnic, or religious group. In 2003, attendance at an event sponsored by a religious group was asked about separately from attendance sponsored by a community or ethnic group. NOTE: The respondent was the parent most knowledgeable about the child’s education. The responding parent reported on their own and their spouse’s, or other household adults’, activities. Excludes homeschooled children. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

(3.10) (4.79) (4.22) (2.83) (2.22) (3.12) (2.72) (2.99) (2.41) (1.42) (1.43)

(3.99) (4.05) (3.46) (2.61) (2.35) (2.50) (2.32) (2.92) (2.05) (1.27) (1.31)

(4.65) (4.74) (4.19) (4.19) (3.76) (3.96) (3.10) (3.70) (2.54) (1.42) (1.42)

(4.39) (2.30) (2.62) (2.29) (2.34) (2.32) (1.85) (1.94) (1.82) (1.43) (1.37)

(4.38) (2.93) (2.99) (2.70) (2.42) (2.42) (2.51) (1.96) (1.87) (1.41) (1.31)

(2.02) (1.69) (1.55) (1.35) (1.37) (0.87) (1.39) (0.89) (0.75) (0.64) (0.72)

(4.52) (3.88) (3.62) (3.45) (2.86) (2.86) (2.88) (3.68) (2.20) (1.53) (1.29)

(4.61) (3.30) (4.03) (3.74) (2.33) (3.47) (2.72) (2.97) (2.48) (1.55) (1.32)

(1.99) (1.62) (1.54) (0.60) (1.07) (1.06) (0.80) (0.99) (0.83) (0.37) (0.43)

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Parent Survey (Parent:1999) and Parent and Family Involvement in Education Survey (PFI:2003) of the National Household Education Surveys Program, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Opinions on Education

Highest education level of parents Less than high school ... High school/GED .......... Vocational/technical or some college........... Associate’s degree........ Bachelor’s degree ......... Graduate/professional degree.....................

43

44

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Finances

s e c n a n i Table F 25. Expenditures of educational institutions related to the gross domestic product, by level of institution: Selected years, 1929–30 through 2003–04 Expenditures for education in current dollars

Year 1

Gross domestic product (in billions of current dollars)

All elementary and secondary schools

All educational institutions

School year

As a percent Amount, in of gross millions domestic product

All colleges and universities

As a percent Amount, of gross in millions domestic product

As a percent Amount, of gross in millions domestic product

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1929................................................................. 1939................................................................. 1949................................................................. 1959................................................................. 1961.................................................................

$103.6 92.2 267.3 506.6 544.7

1929–30 1939–40 1949–50 1959–60 1961–62

— — $8,494 22,314 26,828

— — 3.2 4.4 4.9

— — $6,249 16,713 19,673

— — 2.3 3.3 3.6

$632 758 2,246 5,601 7,155

0.6 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.3

1963................................................................. 1965................................................................. 1967................................................................. 1969................................................................. 1970.................................................................

617.7 719.1 832.6 984.6 1,038.5

1963–64 1965–66 1967–68 1969–70 1970–71

32,003 40,558 51,558 64,227 71,575

5.2 5.6 6.2 6.5 6.9

22,825 28,048 35,077 43,183 48,200

3.7 3.9 4.2 4.4 4.6

9,178 12,509 16,481 21,043 23,375

1.5 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.3

1971................................................................. 1972................................................................. 1973................................................................. 1974................................................................. 1975.................................................................

1,127.1 1,238.3 1,382.7 1,500.0 1,638.3

1971–72 1972–73 1973–74 1974–75 1975–76

76,510 82,908 91,084 103,903 114,004

6.8 6.7 6.6 6.9 7.0

50,950 54,952 60,370 68,846 75,101

4.5 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.6

25,560 27,956 30,714 35,058 38,903

2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.4

1976................................................................. 1977................................................................. 1978................................................................. 1979................................................................. 1980.................................................................

1,825.3 2,030.9 2,294.7 2,563.3 2,789.5

1976–77 1977–78 1978–79 1979–80 1980–81

121,793 132,515 143,733 160,075 176,378

6.7 6.5 6.3 6.2 6.3

79,194 86,544 93,012 103,162 112,325

4.3 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.0

42,600 45,971 50,721 56,914 64,053

2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3

1981................................................................. 1982................................................................. 1983................................................................. 1984................................................................. 1985.................................................................

3,128.4 3,255.0 3,536.7 3,933.2 4,220.3

1981–82 1982–83 1983–84 1984–85 1985–86

190,825 204,661 220,993 239,351 259,336

6.1 6.3 6.2 6.1 6.1

120,486 128,725 139,000 149,400 161,800

3.9 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8

70,339 75,936 81,993 89,951 97,536

2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3

1986................................................................. 1987................................................................. 1988................................................................. 1989................................................................. 1990.................................................................

4,462.8 4,739.5 5,103.8 5,484.4 5,803.1

1986–87 1987–88 1988–89 1989–90 1990–91

280,964 301,786 333,246 365,625 395,018

6.3 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.8

175,200 187,999 209,377 230,970 248,930

3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3

105,764 113,787 123,868 134,656 146,088

2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5

1991................................................................. 1992................................................................. 1993................................................................. 1994................................................................. 1995.................................................................

5,995.9 6,337.7 6,657.4 7,072.2 7,397.7

1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96

417,444 439,576 460,857 485,369 508,723

7.0 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9

261,255 274,335 287,507 302,400 318,246

4.4 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3

156,189 165,241 173,351 182,969 190,476

2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6

1996................................................................. 1997................................................................. 1998................................................................. 1999................................................................. 2000.................................................................

7,816.9 8,304.3 8,747.0 9,268.4 9,817.0

1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 1999–2000 2000–01

539,054 570,271 603,247 648,322 702,217

6.9 6.9 6.9 7.0 7.2

339,151 361,415 384,038 411,538 442,011

4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5

199,903 208,856 219,209 236,784 260,206

2.6 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7

2001................................................................. 2002................................................................. 2003.................................................................

10,128.0 10,469.6 10,971.2

2001–02 2002–03 2 2003–04

748,480 784,246 826,600

7.4 7.5 7.5

467,764 488,706 511,200

4.6 4.7 4.7

280,715 295,540 315,400

2.8 2.8 2.9

1

—Not available. 1Preliminary data for public elementary and secondary schools and estimates for public degree-granting institutions 2 Estimated. NOTE: Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary schools include current expenditures, interest on school debt, and capital outlay. Data for private elementary and secondary schools are estimated. Data for colleges and universities for 1929–30 and 1939–40 include current-fund expenditures and additions to plant value. Public and private degree-granting institutions data for 1949–50 through 1995–96 are for current-fund expenditures. Data for private degree-granting institutions for 1996–97 and later years are for total expenditures. Data for public degree-granting institutions for 1996–97 through 2000–01 are for current expenditures; later years are estimates of total expenditures. Excludes expenditures of postsecondary institutions that do not confer associate’s or higher degrees. Data for 1995–96 and later years are for 4-year and 2-year degree-grant-

ing institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1949–50; Statistics of State School Systems, 1951–52 through 1969–70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970–71 through 1986–87; Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1987–88 through 2002–03; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, 1965–66 through 1985–86; 1986–87 through 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY87–99), and Spring 2002 through Spring 2004. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, unpublished data. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Finances

45

Table 26. Expenditures of educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, 1899–1900 through 2003–04 [In millions of dollars] In constant 2004–05 dollars1

In current dollars

Elementary and secondary schools Total

Total

Public

Degreegranting institutions

9

10

11

12

— — — $341 367 1,092

— — — — — $68,754

— — — — — $50,577

— — $10,422 25,946 32,153 47,250

— — — $7,081 10,404 18,177

3,131 3,937 5,073 7,063 10,032

2,470 3,218 4,104 5,446 6,449

145,575 171,092 198,906 243,655 290,615

109,036 125,465 141,864 168,503 197,719

101,859 117,174 132,541 157,689 185,882

36,539 45,627 57,042 75,153 92,897

21,043 23,375 25,560 27,956 30,714

13,250 14,996 16,484 18,204 20,336

7,794 8,379 9,075 9,752 10,377

325,922 345,384 356,411 371,257 374,479

219,137 232,587 237,345 246,073 248,204

206,451 219,558 223,836 232,192 234,225

106,785 112,796 119,066 125,184 126,274

4,000 4,500 5,000 5,700 6,300

35,058 38,903 42,600 45,971 50,721

23,490 26,184 28,635 30,725 33,733

11,568 12,719 13,965 15,246 16,988

384,566 394,057 397,786 405,570 402,225

254,812 259,587 258,652 264,874 260,286

240,007 244,033 242,321 247,429 242,656

129,755 134,470 139,134 140,696 141,939

95,962 104,125 111,186 118,425 127,500

7,200 8,200 9,300 10,300 11,500

56,914 64,053 70,339 75,936 81,993

37,768 42,280 46,219 49,573 53,087

19,146 21,773 24,120 26,363 28,907

395,259 390,306 388,699 399,713 416,206

254,727 248,563 245,422 251,407 261,784

236,949 230,418 226,479 231,290 240,126

140,531 141,742 143,277 148,306 154,421

149,400 161,800 175,200 187,999 209,377

137,000 148,600 160,900 172,699 192,977

12,400 13,200 14,300 15,300 16,400

89,951 97,536 105,764 113,787 123,868

58,315 63,194 67,654 72,641 78,946

31,637 34,342 38,110 41,145 44,922

433,800 456,846 484,195 499,387 527,102

270,772 285,027 301,929 311,095 331,177

248,299 261,774 277,285 285,777 305,237

163,028 171,819 182,266 188,292 195,925

365,625 395,018 417,444 439,576 460,857

230,970 248,930 261,255 274,335 287,507

212,770 229,430 241,055 252,935 265,307

18,200 19,500 20,200 21,400 22,200

134,656 146,088 156,189 165,241 173,351

85,771 92,961 98,847 104,570 109,310

48,885 53,127 57,342 60,671 64,041

551,978 565,438 578,987 591,217 604,189

348,691 356,324 362,356 368,972 376,924

321,215 328,411 334,339 340,190 347,820

203,287 209,114 216,632 222,244 227,264

1994–95................................ 1995–96................................ 1996–97................................ 1997–98................................ 1998–99................................

485,369 508,723 539,054 570,271 603,247

302,400 318,246 339,151 361,415 384,038

279,000 293,646 313,151 334,315 355,838

23,400 24,600 26,000 27,100 28,200

182,969 190,476 199,903 208,856 219,209

115,465 119,525 125,978 132,846 140,539

67,504 70,952 2 73,925 2 76,010 78,670

618,593 631,185 650,265 675,869 702,784

385,403 394,856 409,121 428,339 447,405

355,580 364,335 377,757 396,221 414,552

233,190 236,329 241,144 247,530 255,379

1999–2000............................ 2000–01................................ 2001–02................................ 2002–032 .............................. 2003–042 ..............................

648,322 702,217 748,480 784,246 826,600

411,538 442,011 467,764 488,706 511,200

381,838 410,811 435,364 454,906 475,500

29,700 31,200 32,400 33,800 35,700

236,784 260,206 280,715 295,540 315,400

152,325 170,345 2 183,436 189,670 200,100

84,459 89,861 97,280 105,871 115,300

734,106 768,792 805,185 825,520 851,475

465,991 483,917 503,203 514,425 526,583

432,361 449,759 468,348 478,847 489,809

268,115 284,875 301,983 311,094 324,891

Elementary and secondary schools School year

Degree-granting institutions 2

Total

Public

Total

Total

Public

2

3

4

5

6

1899–1900............................ 1909–10................................ 1919–20................................ 1929–30................................ 1939–40................................ 1949–50................................

— — — — — $8,494

— — — — — $6,249

$215 426 1,036 2,317 2,344 5,838

— — — — — $411

— — — $632 758 2,246

— — — $292 392 1,154

1959–60................................ 1961–62................................ 1963–64................................ 1965–66................................ 1967–68................................

22,314 26,828 32,003 40,558 51,558

16,713 19,673 22,825 28,048 35,077

15,613 18,373 21,325 26,248 32,977

1,100 1,300 1,500 1,800 2,100

5,601 7,155 9,178 12,509 16,481

1969–70................................ 1970–71................................ 1971–72................................ 1972–73................................ 1973–74................................

64,227 71,575 76,510 82,908 91,084

43,183 48,200 50,950 54,952 60,370

40,683 45,500 48,050 51,852 56,970

2,500 2,700 2,900 3,100 3,400

1974–75................................ 1975–76................................ 1976–77................................ 1977–78................................ 1978–79................................

103,903 114,004 121,793 132,515 143,733

68,846 75,101 79,194 86,544 93,012

64,846 70,601 74,194 80,844 86,712

1979–80................................ 1980–81................................ 1981–82................................ 1982–83................................ 1983–84................................

160,075 176,378 190,825 204,661 220,993

103,162 112,325 120,486 128,725 139,000

1984–85................................ 1985–86................................ 1986–87................................ 1987–88................................ 1988–89................................

239,351 259,336 280,964 301,786 333,246

1989–90................................ 1990–91................................ 1991–92................................ 1992–93................................ 1993–94................................

1

Private

—Not available. 1 Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. 2Estimated. NOTE: Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary schools include current expenditures, interest on school debt, and capital outlay. Data for private elementary and secondary schools are estimated. Expenditures for colleges and universities in 1929–30 and 1939–40 include current-fund expenditures and additions to plant value. Public and private degree-granting institutions data for 1949–50 through 1995–96 are for current-fund expenditures. Data for private degree-granting institutions for 1996–97 and later years are for total expenditures. Data for public degree-granting institutions for 1996–97 through 2000–01 are for current expenditures; later years are estimates of total expenditures. Excludes expenditures of postsecondary institutions that did not confer associate’s or higher degrees. College and university education data for 1995–96 and later years are for

7

Private 8

4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Annual Report of the Commissioner of Education, 1899–1900 and 1909–10; Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1949–50; Statistics of State School Systems, 1951–52 through 1969–70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970–71 through 1986–87; Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1987–88 through 2002–03; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, 1965–66 through 1985–86; 1986–87 through 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY87–99), and Spring 2002 through Spring 2004, and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

46

Table 27. Governmental expenditures, by level of government and function: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2002–03

Expenditure, by function 1

State and local governments2

1970–71

1980–81

1990–91

1994–95

1970–71

1980–81

1990–91

1994–95

1996–97

1997–98

1998–99

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

In millions

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

General expenditures ............................................

$301,096

$827,877

$1,804,005

$2,059,334

$150,674

$407,449

$908,108

$1,146,188

$1,247,436

$1,314,496

$1,398,533

$1,502,768

$1,621,314

$1,730,389

$1,817,147

Selected federal programs............................................... National defense and international relations................ Postal service............................................................... Space research and technology ..................................

92,927 80,910 8,683 3,334

200,553 174,564 20,466 5,523

422,728 366,112 43,102 13,514

390,029 327,231 49,482 13,316

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

Education and libraries .................................................... Social services and income maintenance ....................... Public welfare............................................................... Hospitals and health .................................................... Social insurance administration ................................... Transportation..................................................................

64,042 37,312 20,446 14,835 2,031 23,722

158,012 127,096 74,643 47,378 5,075 46,578

334,333 297,854 167,681 102,817 27,356 84,048

410,827 414,169 250,356 132,463 31,350 99,064

60,174 30,376 18,226 11,205 945 19,819

147,649 92,555 54,121 36,101 2,333 39,231

313,744 214,919 130,402 81,110 3,407 75,410

383,557 303,208 193,110 105,946 4,152 88,938

425,346 314,558 199,973 110,332 4,252 96,165

456,934 323,085 204,640 114,024 4,422 101,826

490,100 338,964 215,190 119,361 4,414 110,163

528,767 365,226 233,350 127,342 4,534 118,974

571,374 396,086 257,380 134,010 4,695 130,422

602,848 431,421 279,598 146,380 5,443 136,996

630,246 467,625 306,463 154,878 6,284 142,255

Public safety .................................................................... Police and fire protection ............................................. Correction ....................................................................

7,685 5,706 1,979

24,657 16,851 7,806

82,035 52,738 29,297

104,549 65,627 38,922

9,416 7,531 1,885

28,676 21,283 7,393

73,924 46,568 27,356

93,921 58,064 35,857

106,972 67,026 39,946

113,223 70,744 42,479

120,227 74,629 45,598

128,705 79,900 48,805

136,924 84,554 52,370

145,157 90,470 54,687

150,687 95,215 55,471

Environment and housing................................................ Natural resources, parks, recreation............................ Housing and community development......................... Sewerage and sanitation .............................................

22,294 13,740 4,467 4,087

72,391 43,599 13,894 14,898

139,027 74,667 33,346 31,014

150,426 75,133 36,721 38,573

11,832 5,191 2,554 4,087

35,223 13,239 7,086 14,898

76,167 28,505 16,648 31,014

93,221 33,140 21,509 38,573

102,112 37,333 23,230 41,549

106,319 39,857 24,697 41,765

109,930 41,649 25,234 43,047

117,123 45,272 26,590 45,261

124,203 50,082 27,402 46,718

133,992 52,096 31,610 50,286

141,571 54,573 35,275 51,723

Governmental administration........................................... Financial administration ............................................... General control3 ........................................................... Interest on general debt...................................................

7,179 3,612 3,567 21,688

22,458 10,944 11,514 97,641

64,181 27,204 36,977 247,376

79,434 34,824 44,610 290,195

6,703 2,271 4,432 5,089

20,001 7,230 12,771 17,131

48,461 16,995 31,466 52,234

60,018 22,380 37,638 56,970

66,644 24,400 42,243 62,422

70,727 25,914 44,813 64,554

76,699 27,593 49,106 67,294

81,659 29,300 52,360 69,814

85,910 30,007 55,903 73,836

92,789 32,653 60,136 75,303

98,658 34,911 63,747 77,277

Other and unallocable......................................................

24,247

78,491

132,424

120,641

7,265

26,983

53,250 66,355 73,217 Percentage distribution

77,829

85,156

92,499

102,559

111,883

108,828

General expenditures ............................................ Selected federal programs............................................... National defense and international relations................ Postal service............................................................... Space research and technology ..................................

100.0 30.9 26.9 2.9 1.1

100.0 24.2 21.1 2.5 0.7

100.0 23.4 20.3 2.4 0.7

100.0 18.9 15.9 2.4 0.6

100.0 † † † †

100.0 † † † †

100.0 † † † †

100.0 † † † †

100.0 † † † †

100.0 † † † †

100.0 † † † †

100.0 † † † †

100.0 † † † †

100.0 † † † †

100.0 † † † †

Education and libraries ....................................................

21.3

19.1

18.5

19.9

39.9

36.2

34.5

33.5

34.1

34.8

35.0

35.2

35.2

34.8

34.7

Social services and income maintenance ....................... Public welfare............................................................... Hospitals and health .................................................... Social insurance administration ...................................

12.4 6.8 4.9 0.7

15.4 9.0 5.7 0.6

16.5 9.3 5.7 1.5

20.1 12.2 6.4 1.5

20.2 12.1 7.4 0.6

22.7 13.3 8.9 0.6

23.7 14.4 8.9 0.4

26.5 16.8 9.2 0.4

25.2 16.0 8.8 0.3

24.6 15.6 8.7 0.3

24.2 15.4 8.5 0.3

24.3 15.5 8.5 0.3

24.4 15.9 8.3 0.3

24.9 16.2 8.5 0.3

25.7 16.9 8.5 0.3

Transportation.................................................................. Public safety .................................................................... Police and fire protection ............................................. Correction ....................................................................

7.9 2.6 1.9 0.7

5.6 3.0 2.0 0.9

4.7 4.5 2.9 1.6

4.8 5.1 3.2 1.9

13.2 6.2 5.0 1.3

9.6 7.0 5.2 1.8

8.3 8.1 5.1 3.0

7.8 8.2 5.1 3.1

7.7 8.6 5.4 3.2

7.7 8.6 5.4 3.2

7.9 8.6 5.3 3.3

7.9 8.6 5.3 3.2

8.0 8.4 5.2 3.2

7.9 8.4 5.2 3.2

7.8 8.3 5.2 3.1

Environment and housing................................................ Natural resources, parks, recreation............................ Housing and community development......................... Sewerage and sanitation .............................................

7.4 4.6 1.5 1.4

8.7 5.3 1.7 1.8

7.7 4.1 1.8 1.7

7.3 3.6 1.8 1.9

7.9 3.4 1.7 2.7

8.6 3.2 1.7 3.7

8.4 3.1 1.8 3.4

8.1 2.9 1.9 3.4

8.2 3.0 1.9 3.3

8.1 3.0 1.9 3.2

7.9 3.0 1.8 3.1

7.8 3.0 1.8 3.0

7.7 3.1 1.7 2.9

7.7 3.0 1.8 2.9

7.8 3.0 1.9 2.8

Governmental administration........................................... Financial administration ............................................... General control3 ...........................................................

2.4 1.2 1.2

2.7 1.3 1.4

3.6 1.5 2.0

3.9 1.7 2.2

4.4 1.5 2.9

4.9 1.8 3.1

5.3 1.9 3.5

5.2 2.0 3.3

5.3 2.0 3.4

5.4 2.0 3.4

5.5 2.0 3.5

5.4 1.9 3.5

5.3 1.9 3.4

5.4 1.9 3.5

5.4 1.9 3.5

Interest on general debt................................................... Other and unallocable......................................................

7.2

11.8 9.5

13.7 7.3

14.1 5.9

3.4 4.8

4.2

6.2

4.6 6.3

4.4

5.9

4.8 6.1

4.6

5.8

5.0 5.9

4.9

6.6

5.8 5.9

5.0

8.1

6.5

4.3 6.0

†Not applicable. 1 Excludes duplicative intergovernmental transactions. 2General expenditures include monies paid by states to the federal government, which are excluded from direct general expenditures. 3Includes judicial and legal expenditures and expenditures on general and public buildings and other governmental administration.

NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Governmental Finances, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Finances

All governments1 (federal, state, and local)

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Finances

47

Table 28. Direct general expenditures of state and local governments for all functions and for education, by level of education and state: 2001–02 [In millions] Education expenditures Elementary and secondary education

Total direct general expenditures1

State 1

Current Total expenditure

Total

2

3

Colleges and universities Capital outlay2

Current Total expenditure

Capital outlay

Other education3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

United States ............

$1,735,282

(1,214.7)

$594,591

(297.3)

$411,073

(287.8)

$357,922

$53,151

$156,810

$139,162

$17,648

$26,707

Alabama ............................ Alaska................................ Arizona .............................. Arkansas............................ California ...........................

24,605 8,443 25,252 13,068 235,627

(96.0) (15.2) (310.6) (30.1) (636.2)

8,320 2,107 8,796 4,783 76,827

(#) (#) (#) (#) (#)

5,089 1,499 5,770 2,951 53,203

(#) (#) (#) (#) (#)

4,560 1,283 4,803 2,716 46,181

529 216 967 235 7,021

2,720 487 2,703 1,438 20,376

2,362 428 2,427 1,272 19,152

358 60 276 166 1,224

511 121 324 394 3,248

Colorado ............................ Connecticut........................ Delaware............................ District of Columbia ........... Florida................................

27,099 24,199 5,357 6,180 87,082

(257.4) (65.3) (11.8) (#) (182.9)

9,011 7,852 1,937 1,175 25,795

(#) (33.0) (#) (#) (#)

5,876 5,960 1,204 1,095 18,617

(#) (32.2) (#) (#) (#)

5,102 5,440 1,050 1,008 15,616

775 520 154 87 3,001

2,856 1,555 629 79 5,792

2,549 1,317 606 79 5,096

307 238 23 — 695

278 337 103 — 1,387

Georgia.............................. Hawaii ................................ Idaho.................................. Illinois................................. Indiana...............................

44,951 8,289 6,804 73,819 32,796

(107.9) (0.8) (24.5) (428.1) (121.3)

17,366 2,257 2,423 25,953 12,193

(#) (#) (#) (#) (47.6)

12,322 1,442 1,631 17,940 7,988

(#) (#) (#) (#) (48.7)

10,664 1,338 1,463 15,060 7,026

1,658 105 168 2,880 963

3,891 792 692 6,506 3,614

3,379 707 609 5,639 3,293

512 85 83 867 321

1,152 23 100 1,506 590

Iowa ................................... Kansas............................... Kentucky ............................ Louisiana ........................... Maine.................................

17,186 14,876 21,592 24,321 8,641

(56.7) (50.6) (64.8) (211.6) (32.8)

6,467 5,501 6,878 7,994 2,491

(#) (#) (1) (#) (18.4)

3,804 3,454 3,896 5,223 1,803

(#) (#) (1) (#) (17.7)

3,351 3,222 3,750 4,780 1,669

453 232 146 443 134

2,328 1,770 2,403 2,092 559

2,065 1,601 2,045 1,909 498

263 169 357 184 61

336 277 579 679 129

Maryland............................ Massachusetts................... Michigan ............................ Minnesota .......................... Mississippi .........................

35,577 42,347 60,723 34,933 15,384

(316.6) (182.1) (206.5) (192.1) (43.1)

12,142 13,443 23,745 11,266 5,101

(157.8) (129.1) (#) (#) (#)

7,995 10,261 15,985 7,770 2,953

(155.9) (130.3) (#) (#) (#)

7,018 9,073 13,645 6,504 2,651

977 1,188 2,340 1,266 301

3,531 2,517 7,296 2,947 1,841

3,153 2,218 6,293 2,610 1,591

379 299 1,003 337 250

615 665 464 550 307

Missouri ............................. Montana............................. Nebraska ........................... Nevada .............................. New Hampshire .................

29,045 5,051 9,745 11,766 6,343

(104.6) (9.1) (60.4) (43.5) (12.1)

10,556 1,792 3,797 3,679 2,439

(#) (#) (#) (#) (#)

7,388 1,132 2,479 2,775 1,809

(#) (#) (#) (#) (#)

6,559 1,062 2,114 2,170 1,622

829 70 365 605 187

2,645 506 1,192 810 561

2,329 465 1,102 721 477

316 41 90 90 84

523 153 126 93 69

New Jersey ........................ New Mexico ....................... New York............................ North Carolina ................... North Dakota .....................

54,387 11,436 161,130 44,540 3,886

(136.0) (69.8) (354.5) (142.5) (14.0)

20,544 4,176 47,723 15,262 1,311

(98.6) (#) (9.5) (58.0) (#)

16,009 2,507 38,284 9,600 749

(96.1) (#) (7.7) (56.6) (#)

14,603 2,134 33,468 8,476 692

1,407 373 4,816 1,124 56

4,028 1,462 7,983 5,148 510

3,484 1,347 6,857 4,640 477

543 114 1,126 508 33

507 207 1,457 514 52

Ohio ................................... Oklahoma .......................... Oregon............................... Pennsylvania...................... Rhode Island .....................

67,047 18,154 22,990 73,312 6,756

(228.0) (58.1) (110.4) (241.9) (31.8)

23,623 6,904 7,543 24,296 2,180

(#) (#) (#) (#) (19.2)

16,495 4,384 4,807 16,452 1,575

(#) (#) (#) (#) (19.1)

14,383 4,043 4,249 14,102 1,531

2,112 342 558 2,350 44

5,834 2,228 2,538 5,770 480

5,152 1,995 2,151 5,042 408

682 233 387 728 72

1,295 291 198 2,074 126

South Carolina................... South Dakota ..................... Tennessee ......................... Texas ................................. Utah ...................................

23,820 3,885 28,952 111,604 12,861

(100.0) (13.2) (170.8) (334.8) (28.3)

8,380 1,360 9,468 45,703 5,196

(#) (#) (141.1) (#) (#)

5,756 941 6,152 32,072 2,845

(#) (#) (134.7) (#) (#)

4,792 800 5,447 26,698 2,419

965 141 705 5,374 426

2,130 362 2,958 12,482 2,131

1,914 321 2,633 10,816 1,880

216 41 325 1,666 252

493 57 357 1,149 220

Vermont ............................. Virginia............................... Washington........................ West Virginia...................... Wisconsin .......................... Wyoming............................

3,805 39,267 38,646 9,848 34,003 3,853

(6.8) (129.6) (177.8) (13.8) (183.6) (22.0)

1,460 15,149 12,866 3,519 12,565 1,277

(#) (62.1) (#) (#) (#) (#)

937 10,401 8,191 2,279 8,465 857

(#) (61.4) (#) (#) (#) (#)

873 9,251 7,001 2,099 7,596 764

64 1,150 1,190 180 869 93

429 4,154 3,982 1,000 3,710 360

393 3,594 3,477 884 3,375 330

36 560 505 116 335 31

95 594 693 239 390 60

—Not available. #Rounds to zero. 1 Includes state and local government expenditures for education services, social services and income maintenance, transportation, public safety, environment and housing, governmental administration, interest on general debt, and other general expenditures. Includes intergovernmental expenditure to the federal government. 2Includes outlays for “other education.“

3

Includes assistance and subsidies to individuals, private elementary and secondary schools, and colleges and universities, as well as miscellaneous education expenditures. NOTE: Current expenditure data in this table differ from figures appearing in other tables because of slightly varying definitions used in the Governmental Finances and Common Core of Data surveys. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Governmental Finances, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

48

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Finances

s e c n a n i Table F 29. Direct general expenditures per capita of state and local governments for all functions and for education, by level of education and state: 2001–02 Education expenditures

State 1

Total, all direct general expenditures per capita1

Elementary and secondary education

Total Amount As a percent per capita of all functions

Other education2

Colleges and universities

Amount As a percent per capita of all functions

Amount As a percent per capita of all functions

Amount per capita

As a percent of all functions

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

United States ..............................................

$6,087

$2,086

34.3

$1,442

23.7

$550

9.0

$94

1.5

Alabama .............................................................. Alaska.................................................................. Arizona ................................................................ Arkansas.............................................................. California .............................................................

5,507 13,351 4,767 4,854 6,823

1,862 3,331 1,661 1,777 2,225

33.8 25.0 34.8 36.6 32.6

1,139 2,370 1,089 1,096 1,541

20.7 17.8 22.8 22.6 22.6

609 771 510 534 590

11.1 5.8 10.7 11.0 8.6

114 191 61 146 94

2.1 1.4 1.3 3.0 1.4

Colorado .............................................................. Connecticut.......................................................... Delaware.............................................................. District of Columbia ............................................. Florida..................................................................

6,121 7,048 6,733 10,853 5,325

2,035 2,287 2,434 2,063 1,577

33.3 32.4 36.2 19.0 29.6

1,327 1,736 1,513 1,924 1,138

21.7 24.6 22.5 17.7 21.4

645 453 791 139 354

10.5 6.4 11.8 1.3 6.7

63 98 130 — 85

1.0 1.4 1.9 — 1.6

Georgia................................................................ Hawaii .................................................................. Idaho.................................................................... Illinois................................................................... Indiana.................................................................

5,357 6,783 5,150 5,897 5,352

2,069 1,847 1,834 2,073 1,990

38.6 27.2 35.6 35.2 37.2

1,468 1,180 1,234 1,433 1,304

27.4 17.4 24.0 24.3 24.4

464 648 524 520 590

8.7 9.6 10.2 8.8 11.0

137 19 76 120 96

2.6 0.3 1.5 2.0 1.8

Iowa ..................................................................... Kansas................................................................. Kentucky .............................................................. Louisiana ............................................................. Maine...................................................................

5,862 5,507 5,308 5,445 6,716

2,206 2,036 1,691 1,790 1,936

37.6 37.0 31.9 32.9 28.8

1,297 1,279 958 1,169 1,401

22.1 23.2 18.0 21.5 20.9

794 655 591 468 435

13.5 11.9 11.1 8.6 6.5

115 102 142 152 100

2.0 1.9 2.7 2.8 1.5

Maryland.............................................................. Massachusetts..................................................... Michigan .............................................................. Minnesota ............................................................ Mississippi ...........................................................

6,613 6,621 6,069 7,007 5,382

2,257 2,102 2,373 2,260 1,785

34.1 31.7 39.1 32.3 33.2

1,486 1,604 1,598 1,558 1,033

22.5 24.2 26.3 22.2 19.2

656 394 729 591 644

9.9 5.9 12.0 8.4 12.0

114 104 46 110 107

1.7 1.6 0.8 1.6 2.0

Missouri ............................................................... Montana............................................................... Nebraska ............................................................. Nevada ................................................................ New Hampshire ...................................................

5,147 5,573 5,670 5,616 5,037

1,871 1,977 2,209 1,756 1,937

36.3 35.5 39.0 31.3 38.5

1,309 1,250 1,443 1,324 1,437

25.4 22.4 25.4 23.6 28.5

469 559 694 387 445

9.1 10.0 12.2 6.9 8.8

93 169 73 45 55

1.8 3.0 1.3 0.8 1.1

New Jersey .......................................................... New Mexico ......................................................... New York.............................................................. North Carolina ..................................................... North Dakota .......................................................

6,394 6,241 8,442 5,433 6,107

2,415 2,279 2,500 1,862 2,061

37.8 36.5 29.6 34.3 33.7

1,882 1,368 2,006 1,171 1,177

29.4 21.9 23.8 21.6 19.3

473 798 418 628 802

7.4 12.8 5.0 11.6 13.1

60 113 76 63 82

0.9 1.8 0.9 1.2 1.3

Ohio ..................................................................... Oklahoma ............................................................ Oregon................................................................. Pennsylvania........................................................ Rhode Island .......................................................

5,888 5,237 6,617 5,961 6,382

2,074 1,992 2,171 1,975 2,060

35.2 38.0 32.8 33.1 32.3

1,448 1,265 1,384 1,338 1,488

24.6 24.2 20.9 22.4 23.3

512 643 731 469 453

8.7 12.3 11.0 7.9 7.1

114 84 57 169 119

1.9 1.6 0.9 2.8 1.9

South Carolina..................................................... South Dakota ....................................................... Tennessee ........................................................... Texas ................................................................... Utah .....................................................................

5,865 5,123 5,037 5,231 5,638

2,063 1,794 1,647 2,142 2,278

35.2 35.0 32.7 41.0 40.4

1,417 1,241 1,070 1,503 1,247

24.2 24.2 21.3 28.7 22.1

524 478 515 585 934

8.9 9.3 10.2 11.2 16.6

121 75 62 54 96

2.1 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.7

Vermont ............................................................... Virginia................................................................. Washington.......................................................... West Virginia........................................................ Wisconsin ............................................................ Wyoming..............................................................

6,208 5,465 6,449 5,466 6,290 7,799

2,382 2,108 2,147 1,953 2,324 2,585

38.4 38.6 33.3 35.7 37.0 33.2

1,528 1,447 1,367 1,265 1,566 1,734

24.6 26.5 21.2 23.1 24.9 22.2

699 578 665 555 686 729

11.3 10.6 10.3 10.2 10.9 9.4

155 83 116 133 72 122

2.5 1.5 1.8 2.4 1.1 1.6

—Not available. 1 Includes state and local government expenditures for education services, social services and income maintenance, transportation, public safety, environment and housing, governmental administration, interest on general debt, and other general expenditures. Includes intergovernmental expenditure to the federal government.

2Includes

assistance and subsidies to individuals, private elementary and secondary schools, and colleges and universities, as well as miscellaneous education expenditures. NOTE: Per capita amounts are based on population figures as of July 2001. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Governmental Finances, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Finances

49

Table 30. Gross domestic product, state and local expenditures, personal income, disposable personal income, median family income, and population: Selected years, 1929 through 2004 Gross domestic product, in billions

Year 1

State and local direct general expenditures, in millions1

Chained 2000 Current dollars dollars2

All general expenditures

Education expenditures

Personal income, in billions

Disposable Disposable personal personal income per capita Population, in thousands income, in billions of Resident Chained 2000 Median family chained 2000 population as 2 2 3 dollars dollars Current dollars of July 14 income Midyear data

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1929................ 1939................ 1940................ 1950................ 1960................

$103.6 92.2 101.4 293.8 526.4

$865.2 950.7 1,034.1 1,777.3 2,501.8

— — $9,229 22,787 51,876

— — $2,638 7,177 18,719

$85.1 72.9 78.5 229.0 411.5

$712.7 774.9 826.5 1,260.0 1,759.7

$684 545 581 1,385 2,022

$5,848 5,914 6,255 8,306 9,735

— — — $3,319 5,620

121,878 131,028 132,122 151,684 180,760

121,767 130,880 132,122 152,271 180,671

1961................ 1962................ 1963................ 1964................ 1965................

544.7 585.6 617.7 663.6 719.1

2,560.0 2,715.2 2,834.0 2,998.6 3,191.1

56,201 60,206 63,977 69,302 74,678

20,574 22,216 23,729 26,286 28,563

429.0 456.7 479.6 514.6 555.7

1,819.2 1,908.2 1,979.1 2,122.8 2,253.3

2,078 2,171 2,246 2,410 2,563

9,901 10,227 10,455 11,061 11,594

5,735 5,956 6,249 6,569 6,957

183,742 186,590 189,300 191,927 194,347

183,691 186,538 189,242 191,889 194,303

1966................ 1967................ 1968................ 1969................ 1970................

787.8 832.6 910.0 984.6 1,038.5

3,399.1 3,484.6 3,652.7 3,765.4 3,771.9

82,843 93,350 102,411 116,728 131,332

33,287 37,919 41,158 47,238 52,718

603.9 648.3 712.0 778.5 838.8

2,371.9 2,475.9 2,588.0 2,668.7 2,781.7

2,734 2,895 3,114 3,324 3,587

12,065 12,457 12,892 13,163 13,563

7,532 7,933 8,632 9,433 9,867

196,599 198,752 200,745 202,736 205,089

196,560 198,712 200,706 202,677 205,052

1971................ 1972................ 1973................ 1974................ 1975................

1,127.1 1,238.3 1,382.7 1,500.0 1,638.3

3,898.6 4,105.0 4,341.5 4,319.6 4,311.2

150,674 168,550 181,357 198,959 230,721

59,413 65,814 69,714 75,833 87,858

903.5 992.7 1,110.7 1,222.6 1,335.0

2,907.9 3,046.5 3,252.3 3,228.5 3,302.6

3,860 4,140 4,616 5,010 5,498

14,001 14,512 15,345 15,094 15,291

10,285 11,116 12,051 12,902 13,719

207,692 209,924 211,939 213,898 215,981

207,661 209,896 211,909 213,854 215,973

1976................ 1977................ 1978................ 1979................ 1980................

1,825.3 2,030.9 2,294.7 2,563.3 2,789.5

4,540.9 4,750.5 5,015.0 5,173.4 5,161.7

256,731 274,215 296,984 327,517 369,086

97,216 102,780 110,758 119,448 133,211

1,474.8 1,633.2 1,837.7 2,062.2 2,307.9

3,432.2 3,552.9 3,718.8 3,811.2 3,857.7

5,972 6,517 7,224 7,967 8,822

15,738 16,128 16,704 16,931 16,940

14,958 16,009 17,640 19,587 21,023

218,086 220,289 222,629 225,106 227,726

218,035 220,239 222,585 225,055 227,225

1981................ 1982................ 1983................ 1984................ 1985................

3,128.4 3,255.0 3,536.7 3,933.2 4,220.3

5,291.7 5,189.3 5,423.8 5,813.6 6,053.7

407,449 436,733 466,516 505,008 553,899

145,784 154,282 163,876 176,108 192,686

2,591.3 2,775.3 2,960.7 3,289.5 3,526.7

3,960.0 4,044.9 4,177.7 4,494.1 4,645.2

9,765 10,426 11,131 12,319 13,037

17,217 17,418 17,828 19,011 19,476

22,388 23,433 24,674 26,433 27,735

230,008 232,218 234,333 236,394 238,506

229,466 231,664 233,792 235,825 237,924

1986................ 1987................ 1988................ 1989................ 1990................

4,462.8 4,739.5 5,103.8 5,484.4 5,803.1

6,263.6 6,475.1 6,742.7 6,981.4 7,112.5

605,623 657,134 704,921 762,360 834,818

210,819 226,619 242,683 263,898 288,148

3,722.4 3,947.4 4,253.7 4,587.8 4,878.6

4,791.0 4,874.5 5,082.6 5,224.8 5,324.2

13,649 14,241 15,297 16,257 17,131

19,906 20,072 20,740 21,120 21,281

29,458 30,970 32,191 34,213 35,353

240,683 242,843 245,061 247,387 250,181

240,133 242,289 244,499 246,819 249,623

1991................ 1992................ 1993................ 1994................ 1995................

5,995.9 6,337.7 6,657.4 7,072.2 7,397.7

7,100.5 7,336.6 7,532.7 7,835.5 8,031.7

908,108 981,253 1,033,167 1,077,665 1,146,188

309,302 324,652 342,287 353,287 378,273

5,051.0 5,362.0 5,558.5 5,842.5 6,152.3

5,351.7 5,536.3 5,594.2 5,746.4 5,905.7

17,609 18,494 18,872 19,555 20,287

21,109 21,548 21,493 21,812 22,153

35,939 36,573 36,959 38,782 40,611

253,530 256,922 260,282 263,455 266,588

252,981 256,514 259,919 263,126 266,278

1996................ 1997................ 1998................ 1999................ 2000................

7,816.9 8,304.3 8,747.0 9,268.4 9,817.0

8,328.9 8,703.5 9,066.9 9,470.3 9,817.0

1,189,356 1,247,436 1,314,496 1,398,533 1,502,768

398,859 419,053 450,365 483,259 521,612

6,520.6 6,915.1 7,423.0 7,802.4 8,429.7

6,080.9 6,295.8 6,663.9 6,861.3 7,194.0

21,091 21,940 23,161 23,968 25,472

22,546 23,065 24,131 24,564 25,472

42,300 44,568 46,737 48,950 5 50,732

269,714 272,958 276,154 279,328 282,429

269,394 272,647 275,854 279,040 282,192

2001................ 2002................ 2003................ 2004................

10,128.0 10,469.6 10,971.2 11,734.3

9,890.7 10,048.8 10,320.6 10,755.7

1,621,757 1,730,809 1,817,513 —

563,572 594,591 621,335 —

8,724.1 8,881.9 9,169.1 9,713.3

7,333.3 7,562.2 7,741.8 8,004.3

26,236 27,165 28,065 29,475

25,698 26,236 26,596 27,230

5 51,407

285,366 288,240 291,085 293,951

285,102 287,941 290,789 293,655

—Not available. 1 Data for years prior to 1963 include expenditures for government fiscal years ending during that particular calendar year. Data for 1963 and later years are the aggregations of expenditures for government fiscal years which ended on June 30 of the stated year. General expenditures exclude expenditures of publicly owned utilities and liquor stores, and of insurance-trust activities. Intergovernmental payments between state and local governments are excluded. Payments to the federal government are included. 2 Constant dollars based on a chain-price index, which uses the geometric mean of output weights of adjacent time periods compiled over a time series. Chain-price indexes reflect changes in prices, while implicit price deflators reflect both changes in prices and in the composition of output. 3 Population of the United States including Armed Forces overseas. Includes Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1960.

4Resident

5

51,680 5 52,680 —

population of the United States. Includes Alaska and Hawaii beginning 1958. Data for 1990 and later years include revisions based on the 2000 census. Based on 2000 census controls. NOTE: Gross domestic product (GDP) data are adjusted by the GDP chained weight price deflator. Personal income data are adjusted by the personal consumption deflator. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, Money Income in the United States, Series P-60, various years, and unpublished data. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, National Income and Product Accounts Tables. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

5

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

50

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Finances

Table 31. Gross domestic product price index, Consumer Price Index, education price indexes, and federal budget composite deflator: Selected years, 1919 to 2004 Calendar year

School year

Gross domestic product Consumer Price price index Index1

Federal fiscal year

Year

Federal budget composite deflator

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1919.................................... 1929.................................... 1934.................................... 1939.................................... 1940....................................

— 11.9 9.4 9.7 9.8

17.3 17.1 13.4 13.9 14.0

1919–20 1929–30 1934–35 1939–40 1940–41

19.1 17.1 13.6 14.0 14.2

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

1919 1929 1934 1939 1940

— — — — 0.0870

1941.................................... 1942.................................... 1943.................................... 1944.................................... 1945....................................

10.4 11.3 11.9 12.2 12.5

14.7 16.3 17.3 17.6 18.0

1941–42 1942–43 1943–44 1944–45 1945–46

15.6 16.9 17.4 17.8 18.2

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

1941 1942 1943 1944 1945

0.0928 0.1028 0.1122 0.1061 0.1041

1946.................................... 1947.................................... 1948.................................... 1949.................................... 1950....................................

13.9 15.5 16.4 16.4 16.5

19.5 22.3 24.1 23.8 24.1

1946–47 1947–48 1948–49 1949–50 1950–51

21.2 23.3 24.1 23.7 25.1

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

1946 1947 1948 1949 1950

0.1071 0.1162 0.1273 0.1246 0.1287

1951.................................... 1952.................................... 1953.................................... 1954.................................... 1955....................................

17.6 18.0 18.2 18.4 18.7

26.0 26.5 26.7 26.9 26.8

1951–52 1952–53 1953–54 1954–55 1955–56

26.3 26.7 26.9 26.8 26.9

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

1951 1952 1953 1954 1955

0.1279 0.1280 0.1368 0.1409 0.1455

1956.................................... 1957.................................... 1958.................................... 1959.................................... 1960....................................

19.4 20.0 20.5 20.8 21.0

27.2 28.1 28.9 29.1 29.6

1956–57 1957–58 1958–59 1959–60 1960–61

27.7 28.6 29.0 29.4 29.8

— — — — 25.6

— — — — 26.7

— — — — —

1956 1957 1958 1959 1960

0.1526 0.1601 0.1687 0.1746 0.1750

1961.................................... 1962.................................... 1963.................................... 1964.................................... 1965....................................

21.3 21.6 21.8 22.1 22.5

29.9 30.2 30.6 31.0 31.5

1961–62 1962–63 1963–64 1964–65 1965–66

30.1 30.4 30.8 31.2 31.9

26.5 27.6 28.6 29.8 31.3

27.5 28.5 29.5 30.7 32.0

— — — — —

1961 1962 1963 1964 1965

0.1795 0.1803 0.1873 0.1900 0.1928

1966.................................... 1967.................................... 1968.................................... 1969.................................... 1970....................................

23.2 23.9 24.9 26.2 27.5

32.4 33.4 34.8 36.7 38.8

1966–67 1967–68 1968–69 1969–70 1970–71

32.9 34.0 35.7 37.8 39.7

32.9 34.9 37.1 39.5 42.1

33.8 35.7 38.0 40.3 42.7

— — — — —

1966 1967 1968 1969 1970

0.1974 0.2026 0.2103 0.2230 0.2363

1971.................................... 1972.................................... 1973.................................... 1974.................................... 1975....................................

28.9 30.2 31.9 34.7 38.0

40.5 41.8 44.4 49.3 53.8

1971–72 1972–73 1973–74 1974–75 1975–76

41.2 42.8 46.6 51.8 55.5

44.3 46.7 49.9 54.3 57.8

45.0 47.1 50.1 54.8 59.0

— — — — 57.3

1971 1972 1973 1974 1975

0.2519 0.2690 0.2833 0.3070 0.3384

1976.................................... 1977.................................... 1978.................................... 1979.................................... 1980....................................

40.2 42.8 45.8 49.6 54.1

56.9 60.6 65.2 72.6 82.4

1976–77 1977–78 1978–79 1979–80 1980–81

58.7 62.6 68.5 77.6 86.6

61.5 65.7 70.5 77.5 85.8

62.7 66.8 71.7 78.3 86.6

61.6 65.8 71.4 78.5 86.1

1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

0.3640 0.3934 0.4195 0.4552 0.5029

1981.................................... 1982.................................... 1983.................................... 1984.................................... 1985....................................

59.1 62.7 65.2 67.7 69.7

90.9 96.5 99.6 103.9 107.6

1981–82 1982–83 1983–84 1984–85 1985–86

94.1 98.2 101.8 105.8 108.8

93.9 100.0 104.8 110.8 116.3

94.0 100.0 104.3 109.8 115.2

94.0 100.0 105.1 111.2 117.6

1981 1982 1983 1984 1985

0.5562 0.5958 0.6245 0.6555 0.6781

1986.................................... 1987.................................... 1988.................................... 1989.................................... 1990....................................

71.3 73.2 75.7 78.6 81.6

109.6 113.6 118.3 124.0 130.7

1986–87 1987–88 1988–89 1989–90 1990–91

111.2 115.8 121.2 127.0 133.9

120.9 126.2 132.8 140.8 148.2

120.0 126.8 132.1 139.0 145.8

124.2 130.0 138.6 147.4 155.7

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990

0.6947 0.7143 0.7359 0.7631 0.7882

Year 1

Consumer Price Higher Education Year Index2 Price Index

Research and Academic Development Library Index Operations Index

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 1: All Levels of Education Finances

51

Table 31. Gross domestic product price index, Consumer Price Index, education price indexes, and federal budget composite deflator: Selected years, 1919 to 2004—Continued Calendar year

Year 1

School year

Gross domestic product Consumer Price price index Index1

Federal fiscal year

Consumer Price Higher Education Year Index2 Price Index

Research and Academic Development Library Index Operations Index

Year

Federal budget composite deflator

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1991.................................... 1992.................................... 1993.................................... 1994.................................... 1995....................................

84.5 86.4 88.4 90.3 92.1

136.2 140.3 144.5 148.2 152.4

1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96

138.2 142.5 146.2 150.4 154.5

153.5 157.9 163.3 168.1 173.0

150.6 155.2 160.1 165.4 170.8

163.3 169.8 176.7 183.9 192.6

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995

0.8226 0.8508 0.8725 0.8902 0.9120

1996.................................... 1997.................................... 1998.................................... 1999.................................... 2000....................................

93.9 95.4 96.5 97.9 100.0

156.9 160.5 163.0 166.6 172.2

1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 1999–2000 2000–01

158.9 161.7 164.5 169.3 175.1

178.4 184.7 189.1 196.9 —

— — — — —

— — — — —

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

0.9328 0.9508 0.9603 0.9748 1.0000

2001.................................... 2002.................................... 2003.................................... 2004....................................

102.4 104.2 106.3 109.1

177.1 179.9 184.0 188.9

2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05

178.2 182.1 186.1 191.7

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

2001 2002 2003 2004

1.0233 1.0419 1.0680 1.0917

—Not available. 1Index for urban wage earners and clerical workers through 1977; 1978 and later figures are for all urban consumers. 2 Consumer Price Index adjusted to a school-year basis (July through June). NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, unpublished data. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index. Research Associates of Washington, Inflation Measures for Schools and Colleges, 1990 Update, and unpublished data. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Fiscal Year 2006. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2

Elementary and Secondary Education This chapter contains a variety of statistics on public and private elementary and secondary education. Data are presented for enrollments, teachers and other school staff, schools, dropouts and achievements, school violence, and revenues and expenditures. These data are derived from surveys conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and other public and private organizations. The information ranges from counts of students and schools to state graduation requirements.

Enrollments Public elementary and secondary school enrollments increased by 4 percent from 1998 to 2003, but enrollment at the elementary and secondary levels increased at different rates (table 36 and figure 6). Between 1998 and 2003, public elementary enrollment rose by 3 percent, while secondary enrollment increased by 9 percent. Enrollments in private elementary and secondary schools rose by 6 percent between 1998 and 2003 (table 3). Preprimary education (nursery and kindergarten schools) enrollment was higher in 2004 than in 1994. The enrollment rate of 3- to 5-year-olds in preprimary programs rose from 61 percent in 1994 to 65 percent in 2004 (table 40 and figure 7). An important feature of the increasing participation of young children in preprimary schools is the increasing proportion of children in full-day programs. In 2004, about 57 percent of the children attended preprimary school all day compared with 46 percent in 1994. Slowly increasing numbers and proportions of children are being served in programs for the disabled. During the 1993–94 school year, 12 percent of students were served in these programs compared with 14 percent in 2003–04 (table 50). Some of the rise since 1993–94 may be attributed to the increasing proportion of children identified as having speech or language impairments, which rose from 2.3 percent of enrollment to 3.0 percent of enrollment; other health impairments (having limited strength, vitality, or alertness due to chronic or acute health problems, such as a heart condition, tuberculosis, rheumatic fever, nephritis, asthma, sickle cell anemia, hemophilia, epilepsy, lead poisoning, leukemia, or diabetes), which rose from 0.2 to 1.0 percent of enrollment; and autism and traumatic brain injury, which rose from 0.1 to 0.4 percent of enrollment.

Teachers and Other School Staff During the 1970s and early 1980s, public school enrollment decreased, while the number of teachers rose. As a result, the public school pupil/teacher ratio declined from 22.3 in 1970 to 17.9 in 1985 (table 63 and figure 6). After 1985, the number of pupils per teacher continued downward, reaching 17.2 in 1989. After a period of relative stability during the late 1980s through the mid-1990s, the ratio declined from 17.3 in 1995 to 16.1 in 1999. Small declines have continued since then, and the public school pupil/teacher ratio was 15.9 in 2003. The estimated pupil/teacher ratio for private schools for 2003 was 15.9. The pupil/teacher ratio includes teachers for disabled students and other special teachers, who generally are excluded from class size calculations. The student count for the pupil/teacher ratio includes all students enrolled in the fall of the school year. The average class size in 1999–2000 was 21.1 pupils for public elementary schools and 23.6 for public secondary schools (table 67). In 1999–2000, 75 percent of public school teachers were women, 39 percent were under 40, and 47 percent had a master’s or higher degree (table 66). Similar proportions of private school teachers were women (76 percent). However, a lower proportion of private school teachers (35 percent) had a master’s or higher degree. Public school principals tend to be older and have more advanced credentials compared to public school teachers. In 1999–2000, 10 percent of the public school principals were under age 40 and 98 percent of the public school principals had a master’s or higher degree (table 83). Also, they were more likely to be male. About 44 percent of the principals were women. The number of nonteaching staff employed by public schools grew during the 1970s, while the number of students declined (tables 78 and 3). Between 1970 and 1980, the proportion of staff who were teachers declined from 60 percent to 52 percent. From 1980 to 2003, the number of teachers and other staff grew at more similar rates than in the 1970s. While the number of staff who were not teachers rose at a greater pace than the number of teachers, the rates were nearly equal (42 percent and 40 percent, respectively). As a result, the proportion of teachers among total staff decreased 1 percentage point during this later period, compared to 8 percentage points in the 1970s. Instructional aides were among the most rapidly increasing staff categories, rising by 110 percent

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

53

54

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education

between 1980 and 2003. Taken together, the proportion of staff with some instructional responsibilities (teachers and teacher aides) increased between 1980 and 2003, from 60 to 63 percent. In 2003, there were 8.2 pupils per staff member (total staff) compared with 9.8 pupils per staff member in 1980. In 1999, the number of pupils per staff member at private schools was 7.9 (table 58).

Schools During most of the last century, the trend to consolidate small schools brought a large decline in the total number of public schools in the United States. In 1929–30, there were approximately 248,000 public schools, compared with about 96,000 in 2003–04 (table 84). But this number has grown in recent years, with an increase of approximately 10,300 schools between 1993–94 and 2003–04. The shift in structure of public school systems toward middle schools (low grades 4, 5, or 6 to high grades 6, 7, or 8) since the early 1970s continues (table 91). The number of all elementary schools (beginning in grade 6 or below, with no grade higher than grade 8) rose by 10 percent to 65,758 between 1993–94 and 2003–04, but the subset of middle schools rose by 29 percent during the same time period. Meanwhile, the number of junior high schools (grades 7 to 8 or 7 to 9) declined by 18 percent. The average number of students in elementary schools was higher in 2003–04 (476) than in 1993–94 (468), but there have been only small fluctuations since 1995–96 (table 93). There has been a more consistent pattern of size increases for secondary schools, which rose from an average of 693 students in 1993–94 to 722 in 2003–04. The average size of regular secondary schools, which exclude alternative schools, special education, and vocational education schools, rose from 748 to 816 between 1993–94 and 2003–04.

Dropouts The percentage of dropouts among 16- to 24-year-olds shows some decreases over the past 20 years (General Educational Development recipients are treated as completers). This percentage includes all persons in the 16- to 24-yearold age group who are not enrolled in school and who have not completed a high school program, regardless of when they left school. Between 1984 and 2004, the dropout rate declined from 13.1 percent to 10.3 percent (table 105). This measure is based on the civilian noninstitutionalized population, which excludes persons in prisons, in the military, and other persons not living in households.

Achievement Most of the student performance data in the Digest are drawn from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The NAEP assessments have been conducted using three basic designs: the national main NAEP, state NAEP, and the long-term trend NAEP. The main NAEP reports current information for the nation and specific geographic regions of

the country. The assessment program includes students drawn from both public and nonpublic schools and reports results for student achievement at grades 4, 8, and 12. The main NAEP assessments follow the frameworks developed by the National Assessment Governing Board, and use the latest advances in assessment methodology. Since 1990, NAEP assessments have also been conducted at the state level. Participating states receive assessment results that report on the performance of students in that state. In its content, the state assessment is identical to the assessment conducted nationally. However, because the national NAEP samples prior to 2002 were not designed to support the reporting of accurate and representative statelevel results, separate representative samples of students were selected for each participating jurisdiction/state. From 1990 through 2001, the national sample was a subset of the combined sample of students assessed in each participating state, plus an additional sample from the states that did not participate in the state assessment. Since 2002, a combined sample of public schools has been selected for both state and national NAEP. NAEP long-term trend assessments are designed to give information on the changes in the basic achievement of America’s youth since the early 1970s. They are administered nationally and report student performance at ages 9, 13, and 17 in reading and mathematics. Measuring longterm trends of student achievement requires the precise replication of past procedures. Therefore, the long-term trend instrument does not evolve based on changes in curricula or in educational practices. Long-term trend data have shown improvements in achievement in a number of areas. The average reading score at age 9 was higher in 2004 than in any previous assessment year (table 108). The average score at age 13 was higher in 2004 than in 1971, but not measurably different from the average score in 1999. Between 1999 and 2004, average reading scores at age 17 showed no measurable changes. The average score for 17-year-olds in 2004 was similar to that in 1971. Significant gaps in performance continue to exist between racial/ethnic subgroups. For Black 9-, 13-, and 17-year-olds, average reading scores in 2004 were higher than in 1971. At age 9, Black students scored higher on average in 2004 than in any previous administration year. For Blacks ages 13 and 17, scores increased between 1971 and 2004 (table 108). For White students, the average scores for 9- and 13-year-olds were also higher in 2004 than in 1971. Separate data for Hispanics were not gathered in 1971, but as with the other racial/ethnic groups, the average reading score for Hispanic students at age 9 was higher in 2004 than in any other assessment year. The average score for Hispanic students at age 13 shows an increase between 1975 and 2004. The scores for 17-year-old Hispanic students also increased between 1975 and 2004, but no measurable changes were seen between 1999 and 2004. All reading score differences show female students scored higher on average than their male counterparts in 2004. The gender gap at age 9 decreased from 1971 to 2004.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education

In contrast, there has been no measurable change in the score gap at age 13 between 2004 and any previous assessment year. For 17-year-olds, the score gap in 2004 was larger than the gaps in 1988 and 1980, but showed no measurable difference from the gaps in other assessment years. The 2005 main NAEP reading assessment of states found that reading proficiency varied among public school fourthgraders in the 53 participating jurisdictions (50 states, Department of Defense overseas and domestic schools, and the District of Columbia) (table 112). The U.S. average score was 217. The scores for the participating jurisdictions ranged from 191 in the District of Columbia and 207 in New Mexico to 227 in New Hampshire and Vermont. Results from the long-term trend NAEP of mathematics achievement indicate a significant improvement at ages 9 and 13 between 1973 and 2004, but not for age 17 (table 118). At 241, the average score at age 9 was higher in 2004 than in any previous year—up 9 points from 1999 and 22 points from 1973. At age 13, the average score in 2004 was higher than in any other assessment year. The 5-point increase between 1999 and 2004 resulted in an average score in 2004 that was 15 points higher than the average score in 1973. The average score at age 17 was not measurably different from the average score in 1973 or 1999. The apparent difference in average mathematics scores at age 9 between male and female students in 2004 was not statistically significant, while the change in the gender score gap between 1973 and 2004 was statistically significant. Males had higher average scores than females at ages 13 and 17. The gender score gaps for 13- and 17-year-olds were measurably different between 1973 and 2004. The 2005 main NAEP assessment of states found that mathematics proficiency varied among public school eighthgraders in the 53 participating jurisdictions (50 states, Department of Defense overseas and domestic schools, and the District of Columbia) (table 122). Overall, 68 percent of these eighth-grade students performed at or above the Basic level in mathematics, and 29 percent performed at or above the Proficient level. The District of Columbia had 31 percent of students performing at least at the Basic level in math. The SAT (formerly known as the Scholastic Assessment Test and the Scholastic Aptitude Test) is not designed as an indicator of student achievement, but rather to help predict how well students will do in college. Between 1994–95 and 2004–05, mathematics SAT scores increased by 14 points, while verbal scores rose by 4 points (table 127). The average number of science and mathematics courses completed by public high school graduates increased

55

between 1982 and 2000. The mean number of mathematics courses (Carnegie units) completed in high school rose from 2.6 in 1982 to 3.6 in 2000, and the number of science courses rose from 2.2 to 3.2 (table 132). The average number of courses in vocational areas completed by all high school graduates was lower in 2000 (4.2 units) than in 1982 (4.6 units). As a result of the increased academic course load, the proportion of students completing the 1983 National Commission on Excellence recommendations for college-bound students (4 units of English, 3 units of social studies, 3 units of science, 3 units of mathematics, 2 units of foreign language, and .5 units of computer science) rose from 2 percent in 1982 to 31 percent in 2000 (table 135).

School Violence About 86 percent of public schools had a criminal incident in 1999–2000, including a serious violent crime or a less serious crime such as a fight without weapons, theft, or vandalism (table 141). In 1999–2000, 71 percent of schools reported a violent incident; 46 percent of schools reported theft/larceny; and 73 percent other types of incidents. Overall, there were about 5 crime incidents reported per 100 students.

Revenues and Expenditures The state share of revenues for public elementary and secondary schools generally grew from the 1930s through the mid-1980s, at the same time as the local share declined (table 152 and figure 9). However, this pattern changed in the late 1980s when the local share began to increase, while the state share fell. Between 1986–87 and 1993–94, the state share fell from 49.7 percent to 45.2 percent, while the local share rose from 43.9 percent to 47.8 percent. Between 1993–94 and 2002–03, the state share increased to 48.7 percent and the federal share rose to 8.5 percent. The local share of revenues fell to 42.8 percent. After adjustment for inflation, current expenditures per student in fall enrollment in public schools rose during the 1980s, remained stable during the first part of the 1990s, and rose between 1992–93 and 2002–03 (table 162 and figure 10). There was an increase of 14 percent from 1985–86 to 1990–91; an increase of less than 1 percent from 1990–91 to 1995–96 (which resulted from small decreases at the beginning of this period, followed by small increases after 1992–93); and an increase of 20 percent from 1995–96 to 2002–03. In 2002–03, current expenditures per student in fall enrollment were $8,044.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

56

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education

Figure 6. Enrollment, number of teachers, pupil/teacher ratio, and expenditures in public schools: 1960–61 through 2003–04 Fall enrollment, in millions 50 Total

40 30

Elementary

20 Secondary

10 0 1960

1965

1970

1975 1980 1985 School year beginning

1990

1995

Teachers, in millions

2000 2003 Pupil/teacher ratio 35

3

30 25

Number of teachers

2

20 Pupil/teacher ratio

15

1

10 5

0

0

1960

1965

1970

1975 1980 1985 School year beginning

Current expenditures, in billions $450 400 350 300 In constant 2004–05 dollars 250 200 150 100 In current dollars 50 0 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 School year beginning

1990

1995

2000 2003

1990

1995

2000 2002

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems, 1959–60 through 1969–70; Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Systems, 1970 through 1980; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970–71 through 1980–81; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1981–82 through 2003–04, and “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1989–90 through 2002–03.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education

Figure 7. Total and full-day preprimary enrollment of 3- to 5-year-olds: October 1970 through October 2004 Enrollment, in millions 8 7 6 Total preprimary enrollment

5 4 3 2

Full-day enrollment

1 0 1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2004

Year SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Preprimary Enrollment, 1965, 1970, and 1975. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), unpublished tabulations.

Figure 8. Percentage change in public elementary and secondary enrollment, by state: Fall 1998 to fall 2003

WA NH

MT

MN

OR ID

VT WI

SD

PA

IA

NE

NV UT

IL

OH

IN

WV

CO KS

CA

OK

NM

MO

VA

KY

CT NJ

RI

DE MD DC

NC

TN

SC

AR MS

TX

MA

NY

MI

WY

AZ

ME

ND

AL

GA

LA

AK FL HI

Increase of more than 10 percent Increase of 5 to 10 percent

Percent change Increase of less than 5 percent Decrease

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1998 and 2003.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

57

58

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education

Figure 9. Sources of revenue for public elementary and secondary schools: 1970–71 through 2002–03 Percent of revenue 100

80

60 Local governments

40

State governments

20 Federal government

0 1970–71

1975–76

1980–81

1985–86 1990–91 School year

1995–96

2002–03

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970–71 through 1986–87; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1987–88 through 2002–03.

Figure 10. Current expenditure per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools: 1970–71 through 2002–03 Per pupil expenditure $9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 Constant 2004–05 dollars

5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000

Current dollars

1,000 0 1970−71

1975−76

1980−81

1985−86 School year

1990−91

1995−96

2002−03

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970–71 through 1986–87; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1987–88 through 2002–03.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

n em l l o r nTable E 32. Historical summary of public elementary and secondary school statistics: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2002–03 Selected characteristic

1869–70

1879–80

1909–10

1919–20

1929–30

1939–40

1949–50

1959–60

1969–70

1979–80

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

38,558 11,683 30.3

50,156 15,066 30.0

62,622 18,473 29.5

75,995 21,573 28.4

90,490 24,011 26.5

104,514 27,571 26.4

121,878 31,414 25.8

131,028 30,151 23.0

149,188 30,223 20.3

177,830 43,881 24.7

201,385 52,386 26.0

224,567 48,041 21.4

7,562 7,481 3 80

9,867 9,757 110

12,723 12,520 203

15,503 14,984 519

17,814 16,899 915

21,578 19,378 2,200

25,678 21,279 4,399

25,434 18,833 6,601

25,112 19,387 5,725

36,087 27,602 8,485

45,550 32,513 13,037

Enrollment as a percent of total population ............................ Enrollment as a percent of 5- to 17-year-olds......................... Percent of total enrollment in high schools (grades 9–12 and postgraduate)...................................................................... High school graduates (in thousands) ....................................

3 19.6 3

19.7 65.5

20.3 68.9

20.4 71.9

19.7 74.2

20.6 78.3

21.1 81.7

19.4 84.4

16.8 83.1

20.3 82.2

1.1 —

1.1 —

1.6 22

3.3 62

5.1 111

10.2 231

17.1 592

26.0 1,143

22.8 1,063

Average daily attendance (in thousands)................................ Total number of days attended by pupils enrolled (in millions) Percent of enrolled pupils attending daily ............................... Average length of school term, in days................................... Average number of days attended per pupil ...........................

4,077 539 59.3 132.2 78.4

6,144 801 62.3 130.3 81.1

8,154 1,098 64.1 134.7 86.3

10,633 1,535 68.6 144.3 99.0

12,827 2,011 72.1 157.5 113.0

16,150 2,615 74.8 161.9 121.2

21,265 3,673 82.8 172.7 143.0

22,042 3,858 86.7 175.0 151.7

Total instructional staff (in thousands) .................................... Supervisors (in thousands)................................................. Principals (in thousands) .................................................... Teachers, librarians, and other nonsupervisory instructional staff (in thousands)5 ................................. Males (in thousands)....................................................... Females (in thousands)................................................... Percent male ...................................................................

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

678 7 14

880 7 31

201 78 123 38.7

287 123 164 42.8

364 126 238 34.5

423 127 296 29.9

523 110 413 21.1

657 93 585 14.1

Total revenue receipts (in millions).......................................... Federal government............................................................ State governments.............................................................. Local sources, including intermediate.................................

— — — —

— — — —

$143 — — —

$220 — — —

$433 — — —

Percentage distribution of revenue receipts Federal government............................................................ State governments.............................................................. Local sources, including intermediate.................................

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

Total expenditures for public schools (in millions) ................... Current expenditures6 ......................................................... Capital outlay8 ..................................................................... Interest on school debt ....................................................... Other current expenditures9 ................................................

$63 — — — —

$78 — — — —

$141 114 26 — —

Percentage distribution of total expenditures Current expenditures6 ......................................................... Capital outlay8 ..................................................................... Interest on school debt ....................................................... Other current expenditures9 ................................................

— — — —

— — — —

81.3 18.7 — —

1 Population, pupils, and instructional staff Total population (in thousands)1 ............................................. Population ages 5–17 years (in thousands)1 ...................... Percent of total population 5–17 ......................................... Total enrollment in elementary and secondary schools (in thousands)2 ................................................................. Prekindergarten and grades 1–8 (in thousands) ................ Grades 9–12 (in thousands) ...............................................

3 3

64.7

3

1889–90 1899–1900

2002–03

15

16

17

246,819 44,947 18.2

279,040 52,811 18.9

285,102 53,250 18.7

287,941 53,316 18.5

41,651 28,034 13,616

40,543 29,152 11,390

46,857 33,488 13,369

47,672 33,938 13,734

48,183 34,116 14,067

22.6 87.0

18.5 86.7

16.4 90.2

16.8 88.7

16.7 89.5

16.7 90.4

23.5 1,627

28.6 2,589

32.7 2,748

28.1 2,320

28.5 2,554

28.8 2,622

29.2 2,635

22,284 3,964 88.7 177.9 157.9

32,477 5,782 90.0 178.0 160.2

41,934 7,501 90.4 178.9 161.7

38,289 6,835 4 90.1 4 178.5 4 160.8

37,799 — — — —

43,807 — — — —

44,605 — — — —

45,068 — — — —

912 5 32

963 — 43

1,457 — 64

2,286 — 91

2,406 — 106

2,986 — 126

3,819 — 137

3,989 — 161

4,017 — 164

843 140 703 16.6

875 195 681 22.2

920 196 724 21.3

1,393 4 404 4 989 4 29.0

2,300 4 782 1,518 4 34.0

2,860 — — —

3,682 — — —

3,829 — — —

3,853 — — —

$970 2 160 808

$2,089 7 354 1,728

$2,261 40 684 1,536

$5,437 156 2,166 3,116

$14,747 652 5,768 8,327

$40,267 3,220 16,063 20,985

$96,881 9,504 45,349 42,029

$208,548 12,701 98,239 97,608

$372,944 27,098 184,613 161,233

$419,502 33,145 206,542 179,816

$440,157 37,516 214,277 188,364

— — —

0.3 16.5 83.2

0.4 16.9 82.7

1.8 30.3 68.0

2.9 39.8 57.3

4.4 39.1 56.5

8.0 39.9 52.1

9.8 46.8 43.4

6.1 47.1 46.8

7.3 49.5 43.2

7.9 49.2 42.9

8.5 48.7 42.8

$215 180 35 — —

$426 356 70 — —

$1,036 861 154 18 3

$2,317 1,844 371 93 10

$2,344 1,942 258 131 13

$5,838 4,687 1,014 101 36

83.5 16.5 — —

83.6 16.4 — —

83.1 14.8 1.8 0.3

79.6 16.0 4.0 0.4

82.8 11.0 5.6 0.6

80.3 17.4 1.7 0.6

2,195 4 711 1,484 4 32.4

4

4

Revenues and expenditures

$15,613

$40,683

6,506 1,874 598

$212,770 188,229 17,781 3,776 2,983

7 84.1

7 90.6

7 88.5

7 84.8

7 84.6

7 85.2

11.5 2.9 1.6

6.8 2.0 10 0.6

8.4 1.8 1.4

11.4 2.4 1.4

11.5 2.4 1.5

10.8 2.5 1.5

7 12,329

7 34,218

2,662 490 133

4,659 1,171 636

7 79.0

17.0 3.1 0.8

$95,962

7 86,984

10

7

$381,838 323,889 43,357 9,135 5,457

7

$435,364 368,378 49,961 10,495 6,531

7

$454,906

7 387,592

48,940 11,499 6,874

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2001–02

4

1989–90 1999–2000

See notes at end of table.

59

1

1869–70

1879–80

2

3

1889–90 1899–1900 4

5

1909–10

1919–20

1929–30

1939–40

1949–50

1959–60

1969–70

1979–80

2001–02

2002–03

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

1989–90 1999–2000 14

15

16

17

$4,995 5,745 88 2,563 375 471 14,035 2.11 2.65

$8,626 9,643 202 4,418 816 955 21,217 4.56 5.34

$15,970 19,647 427 10,015 2,272 2,491 58,740 12.73 13.95

$31,367 37,038 862 19,555 4,980 5,550 127,690 — —

$41,827 55,984 1,368 29,518 7,394 8,592 188,024 — —

$44,683 60,696 1,527 31,497 8,259 9,614 201,320 — —

$45,822 61,312 1,580 32,053 8,600 9,941 204,786 — —

$43,773 48,933 1,025 22,419 4,141 4,846 107,666 23.1 27.1

$39,433 48,513 1,055 24,730 5,610 6,151 145,042 31.4 34.4

$47,354 55,915 1,301 29,522 7,518 8,379 192,772 — —

$47,361 63,392 1,549 33,424 8,372 9,729 212,902 — —

$48,068 65,295 1,643 33,883 8,884 10,342 216,572 — —

$48,234 64,539 1,663 33,740 9,053 10,464 215,564 — —

Amounts in current dollars Annual salary of classroom teachers11 .................................. Personal income per member of labor force1 ......................... Total school expenditures per capita of total population ......... National income per capita1 ................................................... Current expenditure per pupil in ADA6,12,13............................ Total expenditure per pupil in ADA13,14 .................................. National income per pupil in ADA13 ........................................ Current expenditure per day per pupil in ADA6,13,15 ............... Total expenditure per day per pupil in ADA13 ..........................

$189 — 1.59 — — 15.55 — — 0.12

$195 — 1.56 — — 12.71 — — 0.10

$252 — 2.23 — 13.99 17.23 — 0.10 0.13

$325 — 2.83 — 16.67 20.21 — 0.12 0.14

$485 — 4.71 — 27.85 33.23 — 0.18 0.21

$871 — 9.91 — 53.32 64.16 — 0.33 0.40

$1,420 1,730 19.01 772.90 86.70 108.49 4,430 0.50 0.63

$1,441 1,320 17.89 627.35 88.09 105.74 3,729 0.50 0.60

$3,010 3,379 39 1,595 210 260 10,680 1.17 1.46

Amounts in constant 2004–05 dollars16 11

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Annual salary of classroom teachers .................................. Personal income per member of labor force1 ......................... Total school expenditures per capita of total population ......... National income per capita1 ................................................... Current expenditure per pupil in ADA6,12,13............................ Total expenditure per pupil in ADA13,14 .................................. National income per pupil in ADA13 ........................................ Current expenditure per day per pupil in ADA6,13,15 ............... Total expenditure per day per pupil in ADA13 ..........................

— — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — —

—Not available. 1 Data on population and labor force are from the Census Bureau, and data on personal income and national income are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. Population data through 1900 are based on total population from the decennial census. From 1909–10 to 1959–60, population data are total population, including armed forces overseas, as of July 1. Data for later years are for resident population that excludes armed forces overseas. 2Data for 1869–70 through 1959–60 are school year enrollment. Data for later years are fall enrollment. 3 Data for 1870–71. 4 Estimated by the National Center for Education Statistics. 5Prior to 1919–20, data are for the number of different persons employed rather than number of positions. 6 Prior to 1919–20, includes interest on school debt. 7 Because of the modification of the scope of “current expenditures for elementary and secondary schools,” data for 1959–60 and later years are not entirely comparable with prior years. 8 Beginning in 1969–70, includes capital outlay by state and local school building authorities. 9Includes summer schools, community colleges, and adult education. Beginning in 1959–60, also includes community services, formerly classified with “current expenditures for elementary and secondary schools.” 10 Excludes community colleges and adult education. 11Prior to 1959–60, average includes supervisors, principals, teachers, and other nonsupervisory instructional staff. Data for 1959–60 and later years are estimated by the National Education Association.

$8,761 — 100 — 536 645 — 3.3 4.0

$15,902 19,378 213 8,656 971 1,215 49,609 5.6 7.1

$19,766 18,105 245 8,605 1,208 1,450 51,153 6.9 8.2

$24,363 27,352 317 12,913 1,703 2,107 86,447 9.5 11.8

$32,587 37,482 573 16,722 2,447 3,073 91,560 13.8 17.3

12 Excludes current expenditures not allocable to pupil costs. 13 “ADA” means average daily attendance in elementary and secondary schools. 14Expenditure figure is the sum of current expenditures allocable to pupil costs, capital 15 Per-day rates derived by dividing annual rates by average length of term. 16

outlay, and interest on school debt.

Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Beginning in 1959–60, data include Alaska and Hawaii. Constant 2004–05 dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Annual Report of the United States Commissioner of Education, 1869–70 through 1909–10; Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1949–50; Statistics of State School Systems, 1959–60 and 1969–70; Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Systems, 1979–80; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, FY 1980; Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1989–90 through 2002–03, and “National Public Financial Survey,” 1989–90 through 2002–03. Council of Economic Advisors, Economic Report of the President, various years. Census Bureau, unpublished tabulations. Bureau of Economic Analysis, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared January 2006.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Selected characteristic

60

n em l l o r nTable E 32. Historical summary of public elementary and secondary school statistics: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2002–03—Continued

Table 33. Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990 through 2005 Total

State or jurisdiction

Fall 1990 Fall 1992 Fall 1993 Fall 1994 Fall 1995 Fall 1996 Fall 1997 Fall 1998 Fall 1999 Fall 2000

1

2 United States

Fall 2001

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Fall 2002

Prekindergarten to Grades 9 to 122 Total grade 81 12

13

14

Fall 2003

Prekindergarten to Grades 9 to 122 Total grade 81 15

16

17

PrekinderProjected Projected garten to Grades 9 2004 2005 1 2 to 12 enrollment enrollment Total grade 8 18

19

20

21

22

41,216,683 42,823,312 43,464,916 44,111,482 44,840,481 45,611,046 46,126,897 46,538,585 46,857,149 47,203,539 47,671,877 33,937,653 13,734,224 48,183,086 34,115,888 14,067,198 48,540,725 34,202,239 14,338,486 48,270,100 48,375,400

Alabama ................. 721,806 731,634 734,288 736,531 746,149 747,932 749,207 747,980 740,732 739,992 737,190 535,580 201,610 739,366 533,207 206,159 731,220 525,313 205,907 729,100 725,000 Alaska..................... 113,903 122,487 125,948 127,057 127,618 129,919 132,123 135,373 134,391 133,356 134,358 94,897 39,461 134,364 94,380 39,984 133,933 93,695 40,238 133,300 133,200 Arizona ................... 639,853 673,477 709,453 737,424 743,566 799,250 814,113 848,262 852,612 877,696 922,180 671,658 250,522 937,755 660,363 277,392 1,012,068 704,327 307,741 957,300 967,300 Arkansas................. 436,286 441,490 444,271 447,565 453,257 457,349 456,497 452,256 451,034 449,959 449,805 317,925 131,880 450,985 318,828 132,157 454,523 321,509 133,014 448,000 447,500 California ................ 4,950,474 5,254,844 5,327,231 5,407,475 5,536,406 5,686,198 5,803,887 5,926,037 6,038,590 6,140,814 6,247,726 4,479,063 1,768,663 6,353,667 4,526,030 1,827,637 6,413,862 4,540,362 1,873,500 6,456,300 6,518,000 212,989 751,862 534,465 160,211 570,023 405,998 34,257 116,342 82,221 17,441 76,166 58,794 703,064 2,539,929 1,809,279

217,397 757,693 536,325 164,025 577,203 407,794 34,121 117,668 82,898 17,372 78,057 59,482 730,650 2,587,628 1,832,376

221,368 761,700 768,600 169,409 568,900 567,300 34,770 116,200 116,400 18,575 74,300 73,900 755,252 2,587,400 2,609,100

Georgia................... 1,151,687 1,207,186 1,235,304 1,270,948 1,311,126 1,346,761 1,375,980 1,401,291 1,422,762 1,444,937 1,470,634 1,075,195 Hawaii ..................... 171,708 177,448 180,410 183,795 187,180 187,653 189,887 188,069 185,860 184,360 184,546 131,881 Idaho....................... 220,840 231,668 236,774 240,448 243,097 245,252 244,403 244,722 245,136 245,117 246,521 171,423 Illinois...................... 1,821,407 1,873,567 1,893,078 1,916,172 1,943,623 1,973,040 1,998,289 2,011,530 2,027,600 2,048,792 2,071,391 1,484,207 Indiana.................... 954,525 960,630 965,633 969,022 977,263 982,876 986,836 989,001 988,702 989,267 996,133 711,471

395,439 1,496,012 1,088,561 52,665 183,829 130,862 75,098 248,604 173,249 587,184 2,084,187 1,487,654 284,662 1,003,875 714,013

407,451 1,522,611 1,103,181 52,967 183,609 130,054 75,355 252,120 175,424 596,533 2,100,961 1,492,730 289,862 1,011,130 716,825

419,430 1,519,500 1,530,700 53,555 182,200 181,700 76,696 251,800 254,200 608,231 2,086,700 2,091,000 294,305 1,011,900 1,015,900

Iowa ........................ Kansas.................... Kentucky ................. Louisiana ................ Maine......................

156,262 147,779 180,864 194,377 61,722

156,331 149,071 184,024 193,583 62,552

154,380 147,915 185,627 191,319 62,664

483,652 437,034 636,401 784,757 215,149

494,839 451,536 655,041 797,985 216,453

498,519 457,614 655,265 800,560 216,995

500,440 460,838 657,642 797,933 212,601

502,343 463,008 659,821 797,366 213,569

502,941 466,293 656,089 793,296 213,593

501,054 468,687 669,322 776,813 212,579

498,214 472,353 655,687 768,734 211,051

497,301 472,188 648,180 756,579 209,253

495,080 470,610 665,850 743,089 207,037

485,932 470,205 654,363 731,328 205,586

329,670 322,426 473,499 536,951 143,864

482,210 470,957 660,782 730,464 204,337

325,879 321,886 476,758 536,881 141,785

481,226 470,490 663,885 727,709 202,084

326,846 322,575 478,258 536,390 139,420

470,500 461,600 645,700 713,600 195,800

466,700 459,400 642,500 709,100 192,500

Maryland................. 715,176 751,850 772,638 790,938 805,544 818,583 830,744 841,671 846,582 852,920 860,640 610,907 Massachusetts........ 834,314 859,948 877,726 893,727 915,007 933,898 949,006 962,317 971,425 975,150 973,139 699,495 Michigan ................. 1,584,431 1,603,610 1,599,377 1,614,784 1,641,456 1,685,714 1,702,717 1,720,287 1,725,639 1,720,626 1,730,669 1,222,763 Minnesota ............... 756,374 793,724 810,233 821,693 835,166 847,204 853,621 856,455 854,034 854,340 851,384 573,028 Mississippi .............. 502,417 506,668 505,907 505,962 506,272 503,967 504,792 502,379 500,716 497,871 493,507 361,648

249,733 866,743 610,384 273,644 982,989 701,050 507,906 1,785,160 1,253,811 278,356 846,891 567,701 131,859 492,645 360,287

256,359 869,113 605,905 281,939 980,459 692,130 531,349 1,757,604 1,229,121 279,190 842,854 564,049 132,358 493,540 360,913

263,208 864,900 862,600 288,329 972,200 966,400 528,483 1,788,800 1,789,700 278,805 827,600 822,600 132,627 486,200 484,000

Missouri .................. Montana.................. Nebraska ................ Nevada ................... New Hampshire ......

267,279 49,226 90,442 94,341 62,358

271,824 48,818 90,289 98,557 64,053

273,711 48,196 90,125 104,666 65,384

816,558 152,974 274,081 201,316 172,785

859,357 160,011 282,414 222,974 181,247

866,378 163,009 285,097 235,800 185,360

878,541 164,341 287,100 250,747 189,319

889,881 165,547 289,744 265,041 194,171

900,517 164,627 291,967 282,131 198,308

910,613 162,335 292,681 296,621 201,629

913,494 159,988 291,140 311,061 204,713

914,110 157,556 288,261 325,610 206,783

912,744 154,875 286,199 340,706 208,461

909,792 151,947 285,095 356,814 206,847

642,513 102,721 194,653 262,473 144,489

New Jersey ............. 1,089,646 1,130,560 1,151,307 1,174,206 1,197,381 1,227,832 1,250,276 1,268,996 1,289,256 1,313,405 1,341,656 971,934 New Mexico ............ 301,881 315,668 322,292 327,248 329,640 332,632 331,673 328,753 324,495 320,306 320,260 225,036 New York................. 2,598,337 2,689,686 2,733,813 2,766,208 2,813,230 2,843,131 2,861,823 2,877,143 2,887,776 2,882,188 2,872,132 2,017,342 North Carolina ........ 1,086,871 1,114,083 1,133,231 1,156,767 1,183,090 1,210,108 1,236,083 1,254,821 1,275,925 1,293,638 1,315,363 955,965 North Dakota .......... 117,825 118,734 119,127 119,288 119,100 120,123 118,572 114,927 112,751 109,201 106,047 70,454 See notes at end of table.

906,499 149,995 285,402 369,498 207,671

634,675 101,177 195,113 270,941 143,618

369,722 1,367,438 978,762 95,224 320,234 224,497 854,790 2,888,233 2,016,810 359,398 1,335,954 963,967 35,593 104,225 69,089

905,941 148,356 285,542 385,401 207,417

632,230 100,160 195,417 280,735 142,033

388,676 1,380,753 978,589 95,737 323,066 226,032 871,423 2,864,775 1,978,673 371,987 1,360,209 974,019 35,136 102,233 67,870

913,400 144,800 280,600 399,200 203,300

911,800 142,900 279,800 410,600 201,100

402,164 1,394,000 1,399,800 97,034 317,000 316,400 886,102 2,858,500 2,842,800 386,190 1,349,200 1,354,500 34,363 99,300 97,600

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Colorado ................. 574,213 612,635 625,062 640,521 656,279 673,438 687,167 699,135 708,109 724,508 742,145 529,156 Connecticut............. 469,123 488,476 496,298 506,824 517,935 527,129 535,164 544,698 553,993 562,179 570,228 410,017 Delaware................. 99,658 104,321 105,547 106,813 108,461 110,549 111,960 113,262 112,836 114,676 115,560 81,303 District of Columbia 80,694 80,937 80,678 80,450 79,802 78,648 77,111 71,889 77,194 68,925 75,392 57,951 Florida..................... 1,861,592 1,981,407 2,040,763 2,111,188 2,176,222 2,242,212 2,294,077 2,337,633 2,381,396 2,434,821 2,500,478 1,797,414

61

State or jurisdiction 1

Fall 2001

Fall 1990 Fall 1992 Fall 1993 Fall 1994 Fall 1995 Fall 1996 Fall 1997 Fall 1998 Fall 1999 Fall 2000 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Fall 2002

Prekindergarten to Grades 9 to 122 Total grade 81 12

13

Ohio ........................ 1,771,089 1,795,199 1,807,319 1,814,290 1,836,015 1,844,698 1,847,114 1,842,163 1,836,554 1,835,049 1,830,985 1,286,632 Oklahoma ............... 579,087 597,096 604,076 609,718 616,393 620,695 623,681 628,492 627,032 623,110 622,139 445,997 Oregon.................... 472,394 510,122 516,611 521,945 527,914 537,854 541,346 542,809 545,033 546,231 551,480 381,695 Pennsylvania........... 1,667,834 1,717,613 1,744,082 1,764,946 1,787,533 1,804,256 1,815,151 1,816,414 1,816,716 1,814,311 1,821,627 1,254,692 Rhode Island .......... 138,813 143,798 145,676 147,487 149,799 151,324 153,321 154,785 156,454 157,347 158,046 112,783

14

Fall 2003

Prekindergarten to Grades 9 Total grade 81 to 122 15

16

544,353 1,838,285 1,283,795 176,142 624,548 449,039 169,785 554,071 382,005 566,935 1,816,747 1,241,636 45,263 159,205 112,544

17

PrekinderProjected Projected garten to Grades 9 2004 2005 1 2 Total grade 8 to 12 enrollment enrollment 18

19

554,490 1,845,428 1,278,202 175,509 626,160 450,319 172,066 551,273 378,072 575,111 1,821,146 1,235,624 46,661 159,375 111,209

20

21

22

567,226 1,812,900 1,804,300 175,841 610,600 608,500 173,201 554,200 555,700 585,522 1,798,600 1,785,000 48,166 160,100 159,600

South Carolina........ 622,112 640,464 643,696 648,725 645,586 652,816 659,273 664,600 666,780 677,411 676,198 486,723 189,475 694,389 500,427 193,962 699,198 500,743 198,455 688,000 688,800 South Dakota.......... 129,164 134,573 142,825 143,482 144,685 143,331 142,443 132,495 131,037 128,603 127,542 86,982 40,560 130,048 89,450 40,598 125,537 86,015 39,522 123,900 122,700 Tennessee .............. 824,595 855,231 866,557 881,425 893,770 904,818 893,044 905,454 916,202 909,161 924,899 674,507 250,392 927,608 673,337 254,271 936,681 675,276 261,405 923,500 923,900 Texas ...................... 3,382,887 3,541,769 3,608,262 3,677,171 3,748,167 3,828,975 3,891,877 3,945,367 3,991,783 4,059,619 4,163,447 3,016,214 1,147,233 4,259,823 3,079,665 1,180,158 4,331,751 3,132,584 1,199,167 4,317,600 4,365,200 Utah ........................ 446,652 463,870 471,365 474,675 477,121 481,812 482,957 481,176 480,255 481,485 484,677 338,016 146,661 489,262 342,655 146,607 495,981 348,890 147,091 492,700 498,200

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Vermont .................. Virginia.................... Washington............. West Virginia........... Wisconsin ............... Wyoming................. Bureau of Indian Affairs................ Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools Domestic schools Other jurisdictions American Samoa Guam .................. Northern Marianas ....... Puerto Rico......... Virgin Islands ......

95,762 98,558 102,755 104,533 105,565 106,341 105,984 105,120 104,559 102,049 101,179 998,601 1,031,925 1,045,471 1,060,809 1,079,854 1,096,093 1,110,815 1,124,022 1,133,994 1,144,915 1,163,091 839,709 896,475 915,952 938,314 956,572 974,504 991,235 998,053 1,003,714 1,004,770 1,009,200 322,389 318,296 314,383 310,511 307,112 304,052 301,419 297,530 291,811 286,367 282,885 797,621 829,415 844,001 860,581 870,175 879,259 881,780 879,542 877,753 879,476 879,361 98,226 100,313 100,899 100,314 99,859 99,058 97,115 95,241 92,105 89,940 88,128 —

—

—

—

—

—

—

50,125

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

80,715 —

78,254 —

78,170 —

12,463 26,391

13,994 30,077

14,484 30,920

14,445 32,185

14,576 32,960

14,766 33,393

15,214 32,444

6,449 644,734 21,750

8,086 637,034 22,887

8,188 631,460 22,752

8,429 621,121 23,126

8,809 627,620 22,737

9,041 618,861 22,385

9,246 617,157 22,136

—Not available. 1 Includes elementary unclassified. 2Includes secondary unclassified. 3Includes both overseas and domestic schools.

69,299 826,184 696,257 199,803 591,804 59,093

31,880 99,978 336,907 1,177,229 312,943 1,014,798 83,082 282,455 287,557 881,231 29,035 88,116

68,034 831,504 697,191 200,002 591,703 59,926

31,944 99,103 345,725 1,192,092 317,607 1,021,349 82,453 281,215 289,528 880,031 28,190 87,462

66,732 837,258 699,248 198,836 589,812 59,759

32,371 95,600 93,700 354,834 1,189,900 1,193,200 322,101 1,008,200 1,008,500 82,379 275,700 273,500 290,219 863,600 858,700 27,703 84,200 83,400

49,076

46,938

46,476

35,021

11,455

46,126

34,392

11,734

45,828

33,671

12,157

—

—

108,035 —

73,581 34,058

73,212 32,847

58,750 29,389

14,462 3,458

72,889 32,115

58,214 28,759

14,675 3,356

71,053 30,603

56,226 27,500

14,827 3,103

— —

— —

15,372 32,222

15,477 32,951

15,702 32,473

15,897 31,992

11,911 23,133

3,986 8,859

15,984 —

11,838 —

4,146 —

15,893 31,572

11,772 22,551

4,121 9,021

— —

— —

9,498 613,862 20,976

9,732 613,019 20,866

10,004 612,725 19,459

10,479 604,177 18,780

8,015 438,053 13,421

2,464 166,124 5,359

11,251 596,502 18,333

8,379 429,351 12,933

2,872 167,151 5,400

11,244 584,916 17,716

8,192 418,588 12,738

3,052 166,328 4,978

— — —

— — —

3

NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1990–91 through 2003–04, and Projections of Education Statistics to 2014. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Total

62

Table 33. Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990 through 2005—Continued

Table 34. Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by level, grade, and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2003 Prekindergarten through grade 8 and elementary ungraded State or jurisdiction 1

Total, all grades

Total

Prekindergarten1

Kindergarten

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Grade 4

Grade 5

Grades 9 through 12 and secondary ungraded

Grade 6

Grade 7

Grade 8

Elementary ungraded

Total

14

Grade 9

Grade 10

Grade 11

Grade 12

Secondary ungraded

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

15

16

17

18

19

20

34,202,239

2 949,643

3,503,280

3,612,509

3,543,781

3,611,041

3,619,089

3,684,539

3,771,934

3,840,514

3,809,431

256,478 14,338,486

4,190,636

3,675,312

3,277,253

3,046,516

148,769

Alabama .......................... Alaska.............................. Arizona ............................ Arkansas.......................... California .........................

731,220 525,313 133,933 93,695 1,012,068 704,327 454,523 321,509 2 6,413,862 4,540,362

1,852 1,883 9,376 2,573 2 114,934

56,541 9,475 76,365 36,391 456,941

58,064 9,675 77,612 35,615 481,035

54,935 9,501 76,617 34,242 482,626

56,429 9,735 75,422 33,642 489,642

57,323 10,115 76,207 34,070 493,415

58,853 10,169 75,757 34,265 492,523

59,799 10,907 77,508 35,831 490,081

61,854 11,095 77,943 37,165 500,404

59,663 11,140 76,376 37,004 500,143

0 205,907 0 40,238 5,144 307,741 711 133,014 38,618 1,873,500

62,718 11,803 87,576 37,301 528,564

53,695 10,623 79,320 35,343 490,214

47,489 9,161 71,561 31,228 440,546

42,005 8,651 68,815 28,840 395,194

0 0 469 302 18,982

Colorado .......................... Connecticut...................... Delaware.......................... District of Columbia ......... Florida..............................

757,693 536,325 577,203 407,794 117,668 82,898 78,057 59,482 2,587,628 1,832,376

19,993 11,823 642 5,168 49,588

55,913 42,310 7,904 5,659 191,986

57,030 43,250 9,051 5,804 194,449

56,188 43,102 8,712 5,723 188,585

55,840 43,124 8,898 5,611 210,301

56,437 43,494 9,097 5,920 178,109

57,662 44,259 9,204 6,030 199,035

59,013 45,245 9,439 5,834 205,864

59,352 45,333 9,729 5,626 209,016

58,897 45,854 10,222 5,158 205,443

0 0 0 2,949 0

221,368 169,409 34,770 18,575 755,252

63,312 48,643 11,009 5,656 253,565

56,844 43,547 8,782 4,585 191,640

52,288 39,990 7,687 3,616 165,283

48,924 37,229 7,292 2,971 144,764

0 0 0 1,747 0

Georgia............................ Hawaii .............................. Idaho................................ Illinois............................... Indiana.............................

1,522,611 1,103,181 183,609 130,054 252,120 175,424 2,100,961 1,492,730 1,011,130 716,825

36,486 1,175 2,672 67,148 5,561

118,849 13,779 18,590 146,803 72,315

117,282 13,852 18,805 155,142 79,406

113,706 14,305 18,924 154,191 78,267

115,849 14,291 18,531 161,329 77,281

117,201 14,538 18,710 160,246 77,484

118,777 14,610 19,197 158,367 79,582

121,716 14,444 19,816 163,901 81,080

122,621 14,477 20,088 162,933 83,447

120,694 14,543 20,091 160,271 81,494

0 40 0 2,399 908

419,430 53,555 76,696 608,231 294,305

135,091 16,459 20,771 174,343 85,025

109,851 13,529 19,963 155,848 76,648

93,107 12,904 18,500 139,504 68,227

81,381 10,627 17,462 136,974 63,632

0 36 0 1,562 773

326,846 322,575 478,258 536,390 139,420

6,907 2,446 32,034 23,187 1,797

35,295 33,677 48,182 56,629 14,021

33,296 33,314 51,999 57,028 14,117

33,330 32,964 46,957 53,021 14,073

33,326 33,436 46,957 55,554 14,350

34,290 33,799 47,890 59,928 14,841

35,539 34,358 48,640 53,646 15,499

36,701 35,440 50,255 58,268 16,510

37,919 36,025 51,344 59,116 16,878

38,428 36,602 50,186 60,013 17,321

1,815 10,514 3,814 0 13

154,380 147,915 185,627 191,319 62,664

40,486 38,684 55,129 58,514 16,891

38,451 36,652 47,708 48,397 16,105

36,794 34,404 42,419 43,138 15,125

36,834 33,819 38,859 41,270 14,538

1,815 4,356 1,512 0 5

869,113 605,905 980,459 692,130 1,757,604 1,229,121 842,854 564,049 493,540 360,913

21,391 22,533 21,724 10,876 2,208

55,485 69,704 130,527 59,330 38,340

62,341 72,667 124,238 58,055 39,300

61,767 71,840 122,469 57,610 37,396

63,195 73,614 125,417 58,720 38,053

65,119 73,478 127,659 60,045 38,752

66,227 74,842 130,524 62,175 39,468

69,007 76,945 135,570 63,653 39,761

70,013 77,872 140,088 65,676 41,101

68,967 78,635 139,797 67,909 38,231

2,393 0 31,108 0 8,303

263,208 288,329 528,483 278,805 132,627

78,690 83,759 153,567 69,744 39,536

66,269 73,967 132,565 68,895 33,563

59,670 68,214 119,881 67,558 28,316

55,897 62,389 108,688 72,608 25,918

2,682 0 13,782 0 5,294

632,230 100,160 195,417 280,735 142,033

11,215 664 5,920 2,778 2,221

66,509 10,147 20,719 28,596 9,989

65,711 10,295 20,249 30,595 15,364

65,061 10,319 20,145 30,518 14,951

65,507 10,416 20,279 31,175 15,403

66,927 10,779 20,480 30,653 15,810

70,059 11,102 21,109 30,928 16,045

73,628 11,839 21,531 31,642 16,889

74,188 11,944 22,193 31,884 17,166

72,806 12,409 22,792 31,392 17,703

619 246 0 574 492

273,711 48,196 90,125 104,666 65,384

77,175 12,915 24,374 34,779 18,286

70,278 12,252 22,372 28,685 16,715

64,387 11,667 21,507 22,486 15,879

61,626 11,258 21,872 18,700 14,445

245 104 0 16 59

New Jersey ...................... New Mexico ..................... New York.......................... North Carolina ................. North Dakota ...................

1,380,753 978,589 323,066 226,032 2,864,775 1,978,673 1,360,209 974,019 102,233 67,870

22,746 3,976 41,456 11,686 752

93,201 23,636 188,638 109,336 6,891

99,969 24,165 201,645 107,376 7,139

98,078 23,518 201,482 103,063 7,053

100,088 23,769 205,635 103,725 7,041

99,937 24,382 206,912 105,411 7,219

102,102 25,258 210,704 105,026 7,603

103,266 25,428 214,819 109,682 7,829

104,426 26,043 221,138 109,997 8,098

103,603 25,857 219,335 108,717 8,245

51,173 0 66,909 0 0

402,164 97,034 886,102 386,190 34,363

108,480 29,840 257,475 122,508 8,952

99,843 25,622 224,166 100,658 8,659

90,048 22,067 175,475 87,106 8,439

84,539 19,505 163,362 75,918 8,313

19,254 0 65,624 0 0

Ohio ................................. Oklahoma ........................ Oregon............................. Pennsylvania.................... Rhode Island ...................

1,845,428 1,278,202 626,160 450,319 551,273 378,072 1,821,146 1,235,624 159,375 111,209

26,151 30,203 399 2,588 1,473

134,036 46,542 38,785 118,647 10,702

134,611 49,434 40,400 127,988 11,891

131,269 44,076 40,749 128,030 11,745

134,403 44,272 40,864 131,904 11,770

136,776 44,829 40,903 135,765 12,429

141,935 45,738 41,681 140,412 12,362

143,406 47,522 43,168 145,421 12,720

148,551 47,511 44,384 151,157 13,099

147,064 47,258 44,711 150,652 13,018

0 2,934 2,028 3,060 0

567,226 175,841 173,201 585,522 48,166

160,873 49,529 46,213 162,097 14,188

144,353 45,189 43,984 150,643 12,676

134,007 41,333 41,476 138,685 11,345

127,993 38,601 40,702 131,199 9,957

0 1,189 826 2,898 0

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Iowa ................................. Kansas............................. Kentucky .......................... Louisiana ......................... Maine............................... Maryland.......................... Massachusetts................. Michigan .......................... Minnesota ........................ Mississippi ....................... Missouri ........................... Montana........................... Nebraska ......................... Nevada ............................ New Hampshire ...............

See notes at end of table.

481,226 470,490 663,885 727,709 202,084

905,941 148,356 285,542 385,401 207,417

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

2 2 48,540,725

United States ..........

63

64

Table 34. Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by level, grade, and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2003—Continued

State or jurisdiction 1

PrekinderTotal garten1

2

Kindergarten

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Grade 4

Grade 5

Grades 9 through 12 and secondary ungraded

Grade 6

Grade 7

Elementary Grade 8 ungraded

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

South Carolina................. South Dakota................... Tennessee ....................... Texas ............................... Utah .................................

699,198 500,743 125,537 86,015 2 936,681 675,276 4,331,751 3,132,584 495,981 348,890

20,107 2,132 2 16,785 194,150 8,598

50,985 9,201 73,202 323,502 39,348

52,555 8,869 71,581 338,727 38,485

50,539 8,818 68,746 325,943 37,380

51,634 8,762 69,911 323,373 36,935

52,715 9,140 70,446 321,788 36,064

54,801 9,430 71,876 324,047 35,566

56,563 9,825 73,218 327,094 36,526

57,460 9,756 74,812 329,579 36,457

53,384 10,082 72,505 324,381 36,386

Vermont ........................... Virginia............................. Washington...................... West Virginia.................... Wisconsin ........................ Wyoming..........................

99,103 1,192,092 1,021,349 281,215 880,031 87,462

66,732 837,258 699,248 198,836 589,812 59,759

3,027 16,524 11,352 7,911 26,668 2,184

6,078 86,374 70,663 20,946 59,372 6,224

6,517 87,674 73,989 20,446 58,368 6,039

6,558 87,430 72,558 19,846 58,877 5,978

6,767 88,870 74,394 20,559 59,196 5,842

7,049 90,729 75,108 20,753 61,744 6,174

7,239 91,882 77,856 21,164 62,970 6,436

7,579 95,158 80,054 22,066 65,762 6,711

7,820 96,661 81,000 22,885 68,192 6,998

8,098 95,586 82,274 22,255 68,663 7,173

0 370 0 5 0 0

Bureau of Indian Affairs ... Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools ........ Domestic schools.........

45,828

33,671

(3)

4,266

3,756

3,432

3,466

3,614

3,685

3,890

3,855

3,707

71,053 30,603

56,226 27,500

2,018 3,164

6,516 3,623

6,610 3,478

6,595 3,251

6,327 3,037

6,126 2,816

5,926 2,598

5,731 2,386

5,347 1,651

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ......... Guam ........................... Northern Marianas....... Puerto Rico.................. Virgin Islands ...............

15,893 31,572 11,244 584,916 17,716

11,772 22,551 8,192 418,588 12,738

1,420 430 585 232 (3)

1,028 2,343 672 40,441 1,002

1,140 2,443 897 45,977 1,173

1,114 2,549 970 44,647 1,091

1,162 2,569 883 44,741 1,259

1,215 2,193 841 46,101 1,482

1,250 2,581 875 46,175 1,549

1,211 2,472 807 44,871 1,490

1,125 2,491 808 46,529 1,956

1Data include imputations for nonrespondents. 2Includes imputations for underreporting. 3

No prekindergarten pupils reported.

14

Total

Grade 9

Grade 10

Grade 11

Grade 12

Secondary ungraded

15

16

17

18

19

20

0 198,455 0 39,522 12,194 261,405 0 1,199,167 7,145 147,091

69,415 10,375 79,195 377,912 36,028

51,238 9,996 68,430 309,851 36,479

39,529 9,585 59,665 267,914 35,004

38,273 9,566 54,115 243,490 34,629

0 0 0 0 4,951

32,371 354,834 322,101 82,379 290,219 27,703

8,422 107,033 88,869 23,723 77,798 7,346

8,218 90,009 82,120 20,659 72,043 7,170

7,837 81,313 76,774 19,439 70,989 6,687

7,614 76,477 74,338 18,554 69,389 6,500

280 2 0 4 0 0

0

12,157

3,932

3,410

2,509

2,306

0

5,030 1,496

0 0

14,827 3,103

4,784 1,044

3,945 815

3,332 660

2,766 584

0 0

1,107 2,480 776 45,866 1,388

0 0 78 13,008 348

4,121 9,021 3,052 166,328 4,978

1,142 3,122 929 45,479 1,735

1,037 2,687 802 43,889 1,218

983 1,815 725 37,885 1,081

895 1,397 596 32,824 944

64 0 0 6,251 0

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Prekindergarten through grade 8 and elementary ungraded Total, all grades

Table 35. Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by level, grade, and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2002 Prekindergarten through grade 8 and elementary ungraded Total, all grades

State or jurisdiction 1 United States .........

Total

Prekindergarten1

Kindergarten

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Grade 4

Grade 5

Grades 9 through 12 and secondary ungraded

Grade 6

Grade 7

Grade 8

Elementary ungraded

Total

14

Grade 9

Grade 10

Grade 11

Grade 12

Secondary ungraded

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

15

16

17

18

19

20

2 48,183,086

34,115,888

2 914,879

3,433,895

3,593,839

3,564,873

3,622,790

3,668,517

3,711,466

3,787,997

3,821,369

3,709,195

287,068 14,067,198

4,104,719

3,584,412

3,228,867

2,989,509

159,691

0 206,159 0 39,984 4,656 277,392 1,036 132,157 42,799 1,827,637

61,646 11,881 79,777 36,395 522,108

52,543 10,219 71,165 34,386 471,648

46,449 9,074 65,222 31,658 428,117

45,521 8,810 60,820 29,277 385,181

0 0 408 441 20,583

739,366 533,207 134,364 94,380 937,755 660,363 450,985 318,828 2 6,353,667 4,526,030

2

9,715 1,391 7,533 1,938 2 109,264

55,499 10,069 71,357 35,283 456,940

56,904 9,423 73,584 35,201 486,186

55,984 9,613 70,809 33,228 489,124

57,269 10,083 71,820 33,735 493,128

58,690 10,084 71,139 33,835 491,510

59,156 10,775 72,820 35,467 488,150

60,464 10,899 73,351 36,109 495,238

61,950 11,203 73,453 36,894 500,138

57,576 10,840 69,841 36,102 473,553

Colorado ......................... Connecticut..................... Delaware......................... District of Columbia ........ Florida.............................

751,862 534,465 570,023 405,998 116,342 82,221 76,166 58,794 2,539,929 1,809,279

20,368 11,150 665 4,703 51,222

53,872 41,224 7,761 5,475 183,270

56,739 43,797 8,918 5,991 186,438

55,734 42,564 8,800 5,775 187,926

55,996 43,448 9,110 5,943 192,710

57,318 44,021 9,007 6,078 197,625

58,895 44,776 9,091 5,869 197,060

58,906 44,714 9,306 5,606 205,095

58,973 45,882 9,602 5,144 206,774

57,664 44,422 9,961 4,605 201,159

0 0 0 3,605 0

217,397 164,025 34,121 17,372 730,650

63,076 46,840 10,409 4,871 249,877

55,938 42,488 8,797 3,963 184,325

51,593 38,638 7,737 3,532 158,509

46,790 36,059 7,178 3,008 137,939

0 0 0 1,998 0

Georgia........................... Hawaii ............................. Idaho............................... Illinois.............................. Indiana............................

1,496,012 1,088,561 183,829 130,862 248,604 173,249 2,084,187 1,487,654 1,003,875 714,013

34,745 1,031 2,517 60,524 5,407

114,772 13,377 17,965 148,274 71,570

113,821 14,457 18,784 155,531 80,088

114,090 14,330 18,108 157,136 77,525

115,643 14,710 18,349 164,413 76,599

118,053 14,653 18,849 157,570 78,909

118,120 14,794 19,528 159,499 79,677

122,112 15,023 19,433 165,485 81,807

121,055 14,560 20,069 160,924 81,599

116,150 13,875 19,647 156,451 79,338

0 52 0 1,847 1,494

407,451 52,967 75,355 596,533 289,862

131,543 16,142 20,453 169,118 82,602

106,335 13,695 19,406 151,735 73,482

91,118 12,684 18,012 138,559 68,367

78,455 10,401 17,484 135,937 64,156

0 45 0 1,184 1,255

325,879 321,886 476,758 536,881 141,785

5,949 2,259 31,888 21,858 1,525

34,090 29,910 46,666 55,020 13,731

33,047 33,534 51,865 56,016 14,133

32,767 33,408 47,048 54,879 14,120

33,653 33,604 47,048 56,622 14,531

34,803 34,146 48,636 60,269 15,194

35,861 35,288 49,409 54,981 16,123

36,581 35,691 51,078 57,960 16,412

37,693 36,757 50,268 56,540 17,098

37,281 35,972 48,934 60,930 17,131

4,154 11,317 3,918 1,806 1,787

156,331 149,071 184,024 193,583 62,552

39,434 38,906 53,535 57,823 17,029

37,958 36,838 47,741 48,934 15,632

38,027 34,761 42,301 43,760 15,214

36,728 33,829 38,902 42,385 13,998

4,184 4,737 1,545 681 679

866,743 610,384 982,989 701,050 1,785,160 1,253,811 846,891 567,701 492,645 360,287

20,569 22,803 24,751 10,037 1,975

56,577 69,324 130,891 58,757 36,845

62,602 73,663 125,625 57,617 39,598

62,737 73,550 126,116 58,276 38,302

64,510 74,167 128,643 59,644 38,573

65,824 75,165 131,504 61,634 39,615

67,554 77,110 134,223 62,982 39,482

69,563 77,845 140,373 64,223 39,454

69,829 79,520 143,522 67,532 40,644

67,984 77,903 135,649 66,999 37,282

2,635 0 32,514 0 8,517

256,359 281,939 531,349 279,190 132,358

74,769 82,071 153,432 69,177 39,138

65,610 72,404 133,346 68,563 33,091

58,363 66,548 119,661 69,151 28,674

54,764 60,916 110,713 72,299 26,029

2,853 0 14,197 0 5,426

634,675 101,177 195,113 270,941 143,618

10,668 665 5,491 2,480 1,923

64,750 9,899 20,440 27,287 9,757

65,409 10,508 20,217 29,735 15,548

65,106 10,267 20,102 30,069 15,319

66,352 10,630 20,326 29,810 15,748

69,697 10,931 20,874 29,953 15,939

73,113 11,721 21,379 30,271 16,769

73,170 11,753 21,750 30,955 16,971

73,302 12,369 22,591 30,445 17,667

71,670 12,218 21,943 29,242 17,421

1,438 216 0 694 556

271,824 48,818 90,289 98,557 64,053

75,685 12,972 24,032 32,598 17,788

70,055 12,454 22,440 27,079 16,583

64,602 11,868 21,885 20,829 15,337

60,920 11,433 21,932 18,032 14,280

562 91 0 19 65

New Jersey ..................... New Mexico .................... New York......................... North Carolina ................ North Dakota ..................

1,367,438 978,762 320,234 224,497 2,888,233 2,016,810 1,335,954 963,967 104,225 69,089

21,590 3,529 41,752 10,310 773

91,189 22,638 189,198 104,843 7,013

99,441 23,706 207,994 105,364 7,225

99,600 23,550 207,897 102,790 7,042

99,972 24,012 213,138 106,244 7,211

101,577 24,995 212,414 103,726 7,567

102,012 25,310 214,939 107,229 7,784

103,459 25,702 218,010 108,525 7,899

104,556 25,425 222,667 108,810 8,201

101,559 25,630 215,632 106,126 8,374

53,807 0 73,169 0 0

388,676 95,737 871,423 371,987 35,136

104,310 28,861 251,323 117,724 9,091

95,529 25,863 220,252 96,462 8,705

87,262 22,011 172,344 84,351 8,675

82,008 19,002 158,474 73,450 8,665

19,567 0 69,030 0 0

Ohio ................................ Oklahoma ....................... Oregon............................ Pennsylvania................... Rhode Island ..................

1,838,285 1,283,795 624,548 449,039 554,071 382,005 1,816,747 1,241,636 159,205 112,544

24,990 28,120 429 2,684 1,209

130,996 45,050 38,204 116,332 10,689

133,905 48,598 41,163 129,502 12,076

133,990 44,392 41,016 129,779 11,790

136,047 44,830 40,837 133,952 12,475

141,120 45,662 41,704 138,365 12,407

141,515 47,403 43,338 141,733 12,686

145,817 47,535 44,494 147,170 13,121

147,899 47,800 44,903 150,831 13,286

144,024 46,805 44,156 147,829 12,805

3,492 2,844 1,761 3,459 0

554,490 175,509 172,066 575,111 46,661

157,868 48,886 45,504 160,814 13,863

138,899 45,185 43,838 147,884 12,244

132,666 41,842 42,220 136,318 10,698

125,057 38,443 39,799 126,894 9,856

0 1,153 705 3,201 0

Iowa ................................ Kansas............................ Kentucky ......................... Louisiana ........................ Maine.............................. Maryland......................... Massachusetts................ Michigan ......................... Minnesota ....................... Mississippi ...................... Missouri .......................... Montana.......................... Nebraska ........................ Nevada ........................... New Hampshire ..............

482,210 470,957 660,782 730,464 204,337

906,499 149,995 285,402 369,498 207,671

65

See notes at end of table.

2

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Alabama ......................... Alaska............................. Arizona ........................... Arkansas......................... California ........................

66

Table 35. Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by level, grade, and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2002—Continued

State or jurisdiction 1

PrekinderTotal garten1

2

Kindergarten

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Grade 4

Grade 5

Grades 9 through 12 and secondary ungraded

Grade 6

Grade 7

Elementary Grade 8 ungraded

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

South Carolina................ South Dakota.................. Tennessee ...................... Texas .............................. Utah ................................

694,389 500,427 130,048 89,450 2 927,608 673,337 4,259,823 3,079,665 489,262 342,655

20,064 2,255 2 15,952 183,740 7,865

49,318 11,121 70,151 315,290 37,872

51,282 8,939 71,087 329,787 37,361

51,084 8,823 69,414 320,622 36,882

52,144 9,107 69,930 321,448 35,921

54,242 9,519 71,300 321,612 35,481

55,378 9,687 72,318 322,146 36,441

56,901 9,760 73,665 323,066 36,113

53,813 10,188 73,421 325,154 36,395

56,201 10,051 70,650 316,800 35,547

Vermont .......................... Virginia............................ Washington..................... West Virginia................... Wisconsin ....................... Wyoming.........................

99,978 1,177,229 1,014,798 282,455 881,231 88,116

68,034 831,504 697,191 200,002 591,703 59,926

2,800 14,507 9,802 7,734 26,092 1,668

6,342 83,270 69,467 20,437 57,670 6,153

6,474 87,434 72,482 20,457 58,538 6,045

6,748 87,975 73,574 20,580 58,628 5,885

7,024 89,766 74,152 20,754 60,819 6,190

7,179 91,186 77,053 21,041 62,436 6,406

7,518 92,453 79,112 21,656 64,213 6,652

7,779 95,414 79,970 22,567 66,925 6,778

8,093 95,807 81,722 22,615 68,631 7,155

8,077 92,641 79,857 21,943 67,751 6,994

0 1,051 0 218 0 0

Bureau of Indian Affairs .. Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools ....... Domestic schools........

46,126

34,392

(3)

4,192

3,668

3,554

3,731

3,812

3,916

3,917

3,799

3,803

72,889 32,115

58,214 28,759

2,187 2,811

6,531 3,725

7,009 3,641

6,682 3,419

6,487 3,185

6,302 2,970

6,202 2,701

5,869 2,440

5,730 1,757

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ........ Guam .......................... Northern Marianas...... Puerto Rico................. Virgin Islands ..............

15,984 — 11,251 596,502 18,333

11,838 — 8,379 429,351 12,933

1,521 — 606 347 ( 3)

989 — 662 39,941 1,068

1,072 — 924 47,545 1,093

1,161 — 868 45,716 1,195

1,236 — 887 46,345 1,406

1,319 — 977 47,342 1,585

1,212 — 846 46,033 1,483

1,120 — 871 45,007 1,548

1,104 — 831 50,253 1,764

—Not available. 1Data include imputations for nonrespondents. 2Includes imputations for underreporting.

3

14

Total

Grade 9

Grade 10

Grade 11

Grade 12

Secondary ungraded

15

16

17

18

19

20

0 193,962 0 40,598 15,449 254,271 0 1,180,158 6,777 146,607

67,563 10,479 76,063 375,136 36,050

49,445 10,326 65,905 300,338 35,399

39,439 10,025 59,030 265,802 35,600

37,515 9,768 53,273 238,882 34,790

0 0 0 0 4,768

31,944 345,725 317,607 82,453 289,528 28,190

8,486 101,866 87,735 23,051 77,508 7,411

8,169 88,872 80,815 21,181 73,022 7,226

7,754 79,038 76,703 19,633 70,284 6,922

7,398 75,944 72,354 18,416 68,714 6,631

137 5 0 172 0 0

0

11,734

3,952

3,140

2,550

2,092

0

5,215 1,554

0 556

14,675 3,356

4,648 1,159

4,002 872

3,206 724

2,819 601

0 0

1,104 — 816 47,533 1,296

0 — 91 13,289 495

4,146 — 2,872 167,151 5,400

1,119 — 906 44,557 1,807

1,086 — 854 44,922 1,285

1,023 — 651 38,353 1,070

859 — 461 33,062 1,238

59 — 0 6,257 0

No prekindergarten pupils reported. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Prekindergarten through grade 8 and elementary ungraded Total, all grades

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

67

Table 36. Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade: Fall 1989 through fall 2003 Grade 1

Fall 1989

Fall 1990

Fall 1991

Fall 1992

Fall 1993

Fall 1994

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fall 1995

Fall 1996

Fall 1997

Fall 1998

Fall 1999

Fall 2000

Fall 2001

Fall 2002

Fall 2003

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Number (in thousands) All grades........................

40,543

41,217

42,047

42,823

43,465

44,111

44,840

45,611

46,127

46,539

46,857

47,204

47,672

48,183

48,541

Elementary .............................. Prekindergarten ................... Kindergarten ........................ 1st grade .............................. 2nd grade............................. 3rd grade.............................. 4th grade.............................. 5th grade.............................. 6th grade.............................. 7th grade.............................. 8th grade.............................. Elementary ungraded ..........

29,152 262 3,225 3,485 3,289 3,235 3,182 3,067 2,987 3,027 2,853 540

29,878 303 3,306 3,499 3,327 3,297 3,248 3,197 3,110 3,067 2,979 543

30,506 375 3,311 3,556 3,360 3,334 3,315 3,268 3,239 3,181 3,020 545

31,088 505 3,313 3,542 3,431 3,361 3,342 3,325 3,303 3,299 3,129 539

31,504 545 3,377 3,529 3,429 3,437 3,361 3,350 3,356 3,355 3,249 515

31,898 603 3,444 3,593 3,440 3,439 3,426 3,372 3,381 3,404 3,302 494

32,341 637 3,536 3,671 3,507 3,445 3,431 3,438 3,395 3,422 3,356 502

32,764 670 3,532 3,770 3,600 3,524 3,454 3,453 3,494 3,464 3,403 401

33,073 695 3,503 3,755 3,689 3,597 3,507 3,458 3,492 3,520 3,415 442

33,346 729 3,443 3,727 3,681 3,696 3,592 3,520 3,497 3,530 3,480 451

33,488 751 3,397 3,684 3,656 3,691 3,686 3,604 3,564 3,541 3,497 417

33,688 776 3,382 3,636 3,634 3,676 3,711 3,707 3,663 3,629 3,538 336

33,938 865 3,379 3,614 3,593 3,653 3,695 3,727 3,769 3,720 3,616 306

34,116 915 3,434 3,594 3,565 3,623 3,669 3,711 3,788 3,821 3,709 287

34,202 950 3,503 3,613 3,544 3,611 3,619 3,685 3,772 3,841 3,809 256

Secondary ............................... 9th grade.............................. 10th grade............................ 11th grade............................ 12th grade............................ Secondary ungraded ...........

11,390 3,141 2,868 2,629 2,473 279

11,338 3,169 2,896 2,612 2,381 282

11,541 3,313 2,915 2,645 2,392 275

11,735 3,352 3,027 2,656 2,431 269

11,961 3,487 3,050 2,751 2,424 248

12,213 3,604 3,131 2,748 2,488 242

12,500 3,704 3,237 2,826 2,487 245

12,847 3,801 3,323 2,930 2,586 206

13,054 3,819 3,376 2,972 2,673 214

13,193 3,856 3,382 3,021 2,722 212

13,369 3,935 3,415 3,034 2,782 203

13,515 3,963 3,491 3,083 2,803 175

13,734 4,012 3,528 3,174 2,863 157

14,067 4,105 3,584 3,229 2,990 160

14,338 4,191 3,675 3,277 3,047 149

All grades........................

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Elementary .............................. Prekindergarten ................... Kindergarten ........................ 1st grade .............................. 2nd grade............................. 3rd grade.............................. 4th grade.............................. 5th grade.............................. 6th grade.............................. 7th grade.............................. 8th grade.............................. Elementary ungraded ..........

71.9 0.6 8.0 8.6 8.1 8.0 7.8 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.0 1.3

72.5 0.7 8.0 8.5 8.1 8.0 7.9 7.8 7.5 7.4 7.2 1.3

72.6 0.9 7.9 8.5 8.0 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.6 7.2 1.3

72.6 1.2 7.7 8.3 8.0 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.3 1.3

72.5 1.3 7.8 8.1 7.9 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.5 1.2

72.3 1.4 7.8 8.1 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.5 1.1

72.1 1.4 7.9 8.2 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.6 7.6 7.5 1.1

71.8 1.5 7.7 8.3 7.9 7.7 7.6 7.6 7.7 7.6 7.5 0.9

71.7 1.5 7.6 8.1 8.0 7.8 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.4 1.0

71.7 1.6 7.4 8.0 7.9 7.9 7.7 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.5 1.0

71.5 1.6 7.3 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.9 7.7 7.6 7.6 7.5 0.9

71.4 1.6 7.2 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.5 0.7

71.2 1.8 7.1 7.6 7.5 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.6 0.6

70.8 1.9 7.1 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.9 7.9 7.7 0.6

70.5 2.0 7.2 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.8 7.9 7.8 0.5

Secondary ............................... 9th grade.............................. 10th grade............................ 11th grade............................ 12th grade............................ Secondary ungraded ...........

28.1 7.7 7.1 6.5 6.1 0.7

27.5 7.7 7.0 6.3 5.8 0.7

27.4 7.9 6.9 6.3 5.7 0.7

27.4 7.8 7.1 6.2 5.7 0.6

27.5 8.0 7.0 6.3 5.6 0.6

27.7 8.2 7.1 6.2 5.6 0.5

27.9 8.3 7.2 6.3 5.5 0.5

28.2 8.3 7.3 6.4 5.7 0.5

28.3 8.3 7.3 6.4 5.8 0.5

28.3 8.3 7.3 6.5 5.8 0.5

28.5 8.4 7.3 6.5 5.9 0.4

28.6 8.4 7.4 6.5 5.9 0.4

28.8 8.4 7.4 6.7 6.0 0.3

29.2 8.5 7.4 6.7 6.2 0.3

29.5 8.6 7.6 6.8 6.3 0.3

Percentage distribution

NOTE: Because of changes in reporting practices and imputation of data for nonrespondents since 1992, prekindergarten enrollment data for 1992 and later years are not comparable to prekindergarten enrollment data for prior years. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1989–90 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

68

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Table 37. Average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2002–03 State or jurisdiction

1969–70

1979–80

1989–90

1990–91

1995–96

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

United States ..............................

41,934,376

38,288,911

37,799,296

38,426,543

41,501,596

43,806,726

44,075,930

44,604,592

45,067,990

Alabama .............................................. Alaska.................................................. Arizona ................................................ Arkansas.............................................. California1 ............................................

777,123 72,489 391,526 414,158 4,418,423

711,432 79,945 481,905 423,610 4,044,736

683,833 98,213 557,252 403,025 4,893,341

682,524 102,585 573,140 408,145 5,065,647

687,076 115,958 684,740 423,520 5,351,475

725,212 122,412 782,851 422,958 5,957,216

719,562 122,932 803,453 421,625 6,075,001

702,423 123,316 834,036 422,817 6,219,160

701,235 123,145 868,547 418,775 6,312,362

Colorado .............................................. Connecticut.......................................... Delaware.............................................. District of Columbia ............................. Florida..................................................

500,388 618,881 120,819 138,600 1,312,693

513,475 507,362 94,058 91,576 1,464,461

519,419 439,524 89,838 71,468 1,646,583

521,899 450,808 91,052 69,092 1,714,394

608,633 495,188 99,941 71,001 1,947,777

656,700 533,779 106,444 65,371 2,175,453

671,909 540,946 105,681 62,881 2,269,372

707,202 547,194 107,730 62,681 2,326,142

709,349 557,701 109,945 61,236 2,362,841

Georgia................................................ Hawaii .................................................. Idaho.................................................... Illinois................................................... Indiana.................................................

1,019,427 168,140 170,920 2,084,844 1,111,043

989,433 151,563 189,199 1,770,435 983,444

1,054,097 157,360 203,987 1,587,733 884,568

1,075,728 160,193 209,085 1,618,101 888,177

1,232,852 171,977 228,371 1,750,417 909,553

1,326,713 171,180 230,828 1,789,089 929,281

1,347,218 171,117 230,890 1,805,582 928,703

1,379,176 170,268 231,861 1,837,863 931,886

1,400,007 169,797 234,244 1,855,417 942,506

Iowa ..................................................... Kansas................................................. Kentucky .............................................. Louisiana ............................................. Maine...................................................

624,403 470,296 647,970 776,555 225,146

510,081 382,019 619,868 727,601 211,400

450,224 388,986 569,795 727,125 195,089

456,614 397,609 569,713 720,551 196,229

477,053 416,674 571,934 710,925 200,700

471,384 426,853 565,693 701,957 194,554

467,404 425,036 564,198 684,566 191,963

462,276 413,670 566,451 680,122 190,477

459,761 419,285 569,538 674,949 188,776

Maryland.............................................. Massachusetts..................................... Michigan .............................................. Minnesota ............................................ Mississippi ...........................................

785,989 1,056,207 1,991,235 864,595 524,623

686,336 935,960 1,758,427 748,606 454,401

620,617 763,231 1,446,996 699,001 476,048

637,370 770,802 1,452,700 714,072 474,029

719,433 845,270 1,554,358 786,241 470,657

791,133 913,502 1,574,894 818,819 468,746

797,522 920,522 1,577,260 820,457 465,505

807,331 921,266 1,588,300 818,160 461,951

809,398 921,201 1,591,900 813,660 461,269

Missouri ............................................... Montana............................................... Nebraska ............................................. Nevada ................................................ New Hampshire ...................................

906,132 162,664 314,516 113,421 140,203

777,269 144,608 270,524 134,995 154,187

729,693 135,406 254,754 173,149 154,915

733,680 138,341 257,587 185,755 156,579

805,404 148,616 270,938 243,718 187,067

836,105 142,313 261,767 305,067 200,283

836,411 139,198 268,897 321,679 198,389

843,148 136,498 267,909 334,853 199,429

849,040 133,988 269,499 346,512 200,184

New Jersey .......................................... New Mexico ......................................... New York.............................................. North Carolina ..................................... North Dakota .......................................

1,322,124 259,997 3,099,192 1,104,295 141,961

1,140,111 253,453 2,530,289 1,072,150 118,986

997,561 290,245 2,244,110 1,012,274 109,659

1,016,159 291,215 2,278,531 1,012,613 109,691

1,125,877 330,851 2,463,349 1,096,812 111,870

1,222,438 323,963 2,595,070 1,185,737 105,123

1,257,124 319,939 2,598,176 1,203,143 103,420

1,297,217 320,082 2,610,320 1,225,681 100,028

1,312,610 320,189 2,614,977 1,242,234 97,879

Ohio ..................................................... Oklahoma ............................................ Oregon................................................. Pennsylvania........................................ Rhode Island .......................................

2,246,282 560,993 436,736 2,169,225 163,205

1,849,283 548,065 418,593 1,808,630 139,195

1,584,735 543,170 419,771 1,524,839 125,934

1,603,025 548,387 431,806 1,542,077 129,856

1,661,014 574,538 462,108 1,651,741 137,870

1,659,903 586,266 479,321 1,684,913 144,422

1,653,316 580,754 481,223 1,683,637 144,895

1,654,816 580,894 483,038 1,691,123 145,330

1,732,397 581,767 489,114 1,694,148 144,813

South Carolina..................................... South Dakota ....................................... Tennessee ........................................... Texas ................................................... Utah .....................................................

600,292 158,543 836,010 2,432,420 287,405

569,612 124,934 806,696 2,608,817 312,813

569,029 119,823 761,766 3,075,333 408,917

573,138 121,403 767,738 3,085,648 417,609

605,526 127,754 819,831 3,435,010 444,679

624,456 122,252 844,878 3,706,550 448,096

623,008 120,966 846,551 3,771,568 447,450

628,510 118,919 849,413 3,860,613 448,557

629,997 118,383 850,322 3,940,776 451,063

Vermont ............................................... Virginia................................................. Washington.......................................... West Virginia........................................ Wisconsin ............................................ Wyoming..............................................

97,772 995,580 764,735 372,278 880,609 81,293

95,045 955,105 710,929 353,264 770,554 89,471

87,832 989,197 755,141 301,947 711,466 91,277

88,901 1,011,513 781,371 300,067 731,088 92,506

100,166 1,098,862 888,142 285,548 799,391 93,190

98,894 1,195,123 925,696 273,277 825,699 86,092

97,717 1,087,591 927,530 264,798 824,002 83,243

96,996 1,099,677 931,533 262,581 821,934 81,734

95,868 1,109,459 933,702 260,365 831,939 79,921

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ............................. Guam ............................................... Northern Marianas........................... Puerto Rico...................................... Virgin Islands ...................................

— 20,315 — — —

— — — 656,709 —

11,448 23,883 6,809 597,436 18,924

12,272 25,330 6,062 597,418 19,984

14,074 31,998 7,511 548,788 19,867

15,102 — 8,712 540,676 18,676

14,818 — 8,968 538,738 16,069

15,487 — 9,426 536,481 17,181

15,243 — 9,739 535,874 16,187

1

—Not available. 1 Data for California for 1990–91 and earlier years are not strictly comparable with those for other states because California’s attendance figures included excused absences. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

2002–03

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems, 1969–70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1979–80; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1989–90 through 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

69

Table 38. Percentage distribution of enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: Fall 1993 and fall 2003 Percentage distribution, fall 1993

State or jurisdiction 1 1

Percentage distribution, fall 2003

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

Asian or Pacific Islander

2

3

4

5

6

American Indian/ Alaska Native 7

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

8

9

10

Hispanic

Asian or Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

11

12

13

100.0

66.1

16.6

12.7

3.6

1.1

100.0

58.7

17.2

18.5

4.4

1.2

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

62.4 65.2 59.6 74.4 42.3

35.8 4.9 4.2 23.8 8.7

0.4 2.4 27.6 0.9 37.1

0.6 4.1 1.6 0.7 11.2

0.8 23.4 6.9 0.3 0.8

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

59.9 58.9 49.2 69.9 32.9

36.4 4.7 4.8 23.1 8.2

2.1 3.9 37.2 5.3 46.7

0.9 6.5 2.2 1.1 11.3

0.8 26.0 6.6 0.6 0.8

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia2 ........... Florida.................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

74.1 73.3 66.2 4.0 59.6

5.4 13.0 28.5 88.5 24.7

17.1 11.1 3.4 6.1 13.8

2.4 2.4 1.7 1.3 1.7

1.0 0.2 0.2 # 0.2

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

64.5 68.3 57.3 4.3 51.3

5.8 13.6 31.9 83.7 24.3

25.3 14.6 7.9 10.4 22.1

3.1 3.2 2.6 1.6 2.0

1.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

59.9 23.7 89.6 64.7 85.9

37.0 2.6 0.5 21.1 11.1

1.5 5.0 7.5 11.2 2.1

1.4 68.4 1.1 2.9 0.8

0.2 0.3 1.3 0.1 0.2

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

52.1 20.2 84.1 57.4 81.5

38.3 2.4 0.9 21.1 12.4

6.9 4.5 12.0 17.7 4.8

2.5 72.4 1.5 3.6 1.1

0.2 0.5 1.6 0.2 0.2

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine3 ................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

93.3 83.6 89.3 51.7 97.6

3.1 8.3 9.8 45.4 0.7

1.6 5.3 0.3 1.1 0.4

1.5 1.8 0.5 1.3 0.8

0.4 1.0 0.1 0.5 0.5

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

88.2 76.4 87.0 48.5 95.8

4.5 8.9 10.4 47.7 1.7

4.9 11.0 1.5 1.8 0.8

1.8 2.3 0.8 1.3 1.2

0.6 1.4 0.2 0.7 0.5

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

58.9 79.3 78.0 88.8 47.9

34.2 8.1 17.3 4.2 50.9

2.9 8.8 2.4 1.7 0.3

3.7 3.7 1.4 3.5 0.5

0.3 0.2 1.0 1.9 0.4

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

50.4 74.6 72.7 80.2 47.3

37.9 8.8 20.1 7.8 50.7

6.4 11.5 4.1 4.6 1.1

4.9 4.7 2.2 5.4 0.7

0.4 0.3 1.0 2.1 0.2

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

82.3 87.8 88.3 70.5 96.9

15.7 0.5 5.7 9.2 0.8

0.9 1.4 3.6 14.3 1.0

0.9 0.8 1.2 4.0 1.0

0.2 9.6 1.3 2.0 0.2

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

77.7 85.1 79.5 50.8 94.2

18.0 0.7 7.1 10.7 1.4

2.6 2.1 10.1 30.2 2.4

1.4 1.0 1.7 6.7 1.7

0.4 11.0 1.6 1.7 0.3

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

63.4 40.5 58.2 65.7 91.5

18.6 2.3 20.1 30.3 0.8

12.8 46.0 16.5 1.3 0.8

5.1 0.9 4.8 1.1 0.7

0.1 10.2 0.4 1.6 6.3

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

57.9 32.8 53.9 58.3 88.0

17.7 2.4 19.7 31.6 1.2

17.2 52.5 19.4 6.7 1.4

7.0 1.2 6.6 2.0 0.8

0.2 11.2 0.5 1.5 8.5

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

82.8 71.6 86.7 81.1 81.1

14.8 10.3 2.4 13.8 6.8

1.3 3.3 5.9 3.3 8.6

1.0 1.2 3.1 1.7 3.1

0.1 13.7 1.9 0.1 0.4

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

79.4 61.5 76.6 76.3 71.2

17.0 10.9 3.1 15.8 8.5

2.1 7.6 13.6 5.5 16.4

1.3 1.5 4.4 2.3 3.2

0.1 18.5 2.3 0.1 0.6

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

57.0 84.9 75.8 47.7 91.5

41.6 0.7 22.9 14.3 0.6

0.5 0.6 0.4 35.5 4.5

0.7 0.7 0.7 2.2 2.0

0.2 13.0 0.1 0.2 1.4

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

54.2 84.9 70.7 38.7 83.4

41.3 1.5 25.0 14.3 1.1

3.2 1.8 2.8 43.8 11.0

1.1 1.0 1.3 2.9 2.9

0.3 10.7 0.2 0.3 1.5

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

97.5 67.9 79.9 95.4 84.3 89.4

0.7 25.8 4.4 4.0 9.1 1.0

0.3 2.8 6.9 0.2 2.9 6.2

0.9 3.3 6.2 0.4 2.4 0.7

0.6 0.2 2.6 0.1 1.3 2.7

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

95.9 61.3 71.5 94.1 78.8 86.0

1.2 26.8 5.7 4.6 10.5 1.4

0.8 6.6 12.3 0.5 5.8 8.2

1.5 4.7 7.9 0.6 3.4 1.0

0.6 0.5 2.7 0.1 1.4 3.5

United States

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

70

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Table 38. Percentage distribution of enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: Fall 1993 and fall 2003—Continued Percentage distribution, fall 1993

State or jurisdiction 1 Bureau of Indian Affairs ..... Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools ........... Domestic schools............ Other jurisdictions American Samoa ............ Guam .............................. Northern Marianas.......... Puerto Rico..................... Virgin Islands ..................

Percentage distribution, fall 2003

Hispanic

Asian or Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

5

6

7

—

—

—

— —

— —

— —

0.0 9.1 1.3 0.0 0.9

0.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 85.3

0.0 0.6 0.0 100.0 13.3

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

2

3

4

—

—

— — 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

8

9

10

11

12

13

—

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

100.0

— —

— —

100.0 100.0

55.2 48.6

20.0 23.6

13.5 22.7

10.5 4.2

0.9 1.0

100.0 88.4 98.7 0.0 0.4

0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

0.0 1.3 0.4 0.0 0.8

0.0 0.3 # 0.0 84.3

0.0 0.2 0.0 100.0 14.5

100.0 98.1 99.6 0.0 0.2

0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2

—Not available. #Rounds to zero. 1Fall 1993 figures include estimates for Maine based on fall 1994 report; fall 2003 figures include estimates for District of Columbia based on fall 2002 report. 2 Estimate for fall 2003 based on fall 2002 report. 3Estimate for fall 1993 based on fall 1994 report.

Hispanic

Asian or Pacific Islander

NOTE: Percentage distribution based on students for whom race/ethnicity was reported, which may be less than the total number of students in the state. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1993–94 and 2003–04. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

Table 39. Percentage of children demonstrating specific cognitive and motor skills, by child’s age at assessment: 2001 Percentage of children 8 through 10 months

Specific ability 1

Percentage of children 11 through 13 months

Total

8 months

9 months

10 months

Total

11 months

12 months

13 months

Percentage of children 14 through 22 months

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Survey population percentage distribution

72.2

(0.98)

16.1

(0.82)

34.8

(0.71)

21.3

(0.61)

20.9

(0.79)

10.6

(0.49)

6.2

(0.37)

4.1

(0.30)

6.5

(0.50)

Cognitive abilities Explores objects in play ........ Explores with purpose .......... Babbles ................................. Early problem solving ........... Uses words ...........................

99.2 87.8 46.7 3.4 0.5

(0.03) (0.38) (0.41) (0.11) (0.02)

98.7 79.6 37.9 1.4 0.198

(0.06) (0.75) (0.48) (0.08) (0.01)

99.2 88.0 45.2 2.7 0.4

(0.02) (0.31) (0.33) (0.07) (0.01)

99.4 93.8 55.8 6.0 1.0

(0.03) (0.27) (0.53) (0.21) (0.05)

99.8 97.4 72.1 17.2 5.0

(0.02) (0.14) (0.43) (0.46) (0.25)

99.7 96.4 64.9 11.2 2.7

(0.04) (0.26) (0.57) (0.49) (0.23)

99.9 98.8 76.7 20.1 5.9

(0.01) (0.08) (0.63) (0.77) (0.42)

100.0 99.4 84.1 28.4 9.9

(0.01) (0.05) (0.57) (0.98) (0.66)

100.0 99.3 89.0 46.4 26.7

(0.01) (0.10) (0.62) (1.47) (1.42)

Motor abilities Eye-hand coordination .......... Sitting.................................... Prewalking ............................ Independent walking ............. Balance.................................

90.7 93.4 73.2 18.5 1.1

(0.13) (0.13) (0.40) (0.37) (0.04)

87.7 90.4 63.4 10.4 0.5

(0.25) (0.28) (0.75) (0.44) (0.03)

90.6 93.4 72.9 16.8 0.9

(0.16) (0.16) (0.49) (0.41) (0.03)

93.1 95.7 81.1 27.4 1.9

(0.13) (0.13) (0.43) (0.63) (0.10)

96.4 98.2 91.4 55.2 10.1

(0.11) (0.08) (0.33) (1.06) (0.50)

95.3 97.4 88.1 42.9 5.0

(0.16) (0.13) (0.52) (1.33) (0.36)

97.1 98.6 93.6 62.2 12.6

(0.16) (0.12) (0.47) (1.77) (0.95)

98.2 99.3 96.4 76.4 19.8

(0.17) (0.12) (0.53) (1.93) (1.34)

99.0 99.6 98.2 89.1 43.1

(0.09) (0.06) (0.22) (1.04) (1.86)

NOTE: This table is based on a survey that sampled children at or about 9 months of age. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Children Born in 2001: First Results From the Base Year of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort, 2005. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

71

Table 40. Enrollment of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children in preprimary programs, by level of program, control of program, and attendance status: Selected years, 1965 through 2004 [In thousands] Enrollment by level and control

Year and age

Total population, 3 to 5 years old

1

Enrollment by attendance

Nursery school Total Percent enrolled

2

3

4

Kindergarten

Public

Private

Public

Private

Full-day

Part-day

Percent full-day

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Total, 3 to 5 years old 1965..................... 1970..................... 1975..................... 1980..................... 1985.....................

12,549 10,949 10,185 9,284 10,733

(144.5) (109.4) (105.8) (102.6) (115.6)

3,407 4,104 4,955 4,878 5,865

(87.1) (71.5) (71.2) (68.8) (77.6)

27.1 37.5 48.7 52.5 54.6

(0.69) (0.65) (0.70) (0.74) (0.72)

127 332 570 628 846

(19.6) (25.3) (32.7) (34.6) (42.0)

393 762 1,174 1,353 1,631

(34.1) (37.6) (45.5) (48.6) (56.0)

2,291 2,498 2,682 2,438 2,847

(75.6) (62.0) (62.7) (60.6) (68.8)

596 511 528 459 541

(41.6) (31.1) (31.6) (29.9) (34.1)

— 698 1,295 1,551 2,144

(†) (36.1) (47.4) (51.4) (62.3)

— 3,405 3,659 3,327 3,722

(†) (34.0) (43.6) (46.5) (55.5)

— 17.0 26.1 31.8 36.6

(†) (0.83) (0.88) (0.95) (0.95)

1989..................... 1990..................... 1991..................... 1992..................... 1993.....................

11,039 11,207 11,370 11,545 11,954

(129.9) (124.2) (125.1) (126.0) (128.0)

6,026 6,659 6,334 6,402 6,581

(87.2) (82.3) (83.9) (84.6) (86.1)

54.6 59.4 55.7 55.5 55.1

(0.79) (0.73) (0.74) (0.73) (0.72)

930 1,199 996 1,073 1,205

(48.7) (51.8) (47.8) (49.4) (52.1)

1,894 2,180 1,828 1,783 1,779

(66.1) (66.4) (62.0) (61.5) (61.6)

2,704 2,772 2,967 2,995 3,020

(75.4) (72.3) (74.2) (74.6) (75.3)

497 509 543 550 577

(36.3) (34.9) (36.0) (36.3) (37.1)

2,238 2,577 2,408 2,410 2,642

(70.4) (70.6) (69.0) (69.2) (71.9)

3,789 4,082 3,926 3,992 3,939

(62.5) (63.0) (61.2) (61.4) (63.0)

37.1 38.7 38.0 37.6 40.1

(1.04) (0.95) (0.97) (0.96) (0.96)

19941 ................... 19951 ................... 19961 ................... 19971 ................... 19981 ...................

12,328 12,518 12,378 12,121 12,078

(130.6) (131.5) (135.7) (134.3) (134.1)

7,514 7,739 7,580 7,860 7,788

(86.3) (86.6) (89.5) (86.8) (86.9)

61.0 61.8 61.2 64.9 64.5

(0.70) (0.69) (0.72) (0.72) (0.72)

1,848 1,950 1,830 2,207 2,213

(63.1) (64.6) (65.2) (70.2) (70.2)

2,314 2,381 2,317 2,231 2,299

(69.0) (69.9) (71.7) (70.5) (71.2)

2,819 2,800 2,853 2,847 2,674

(74.3) (74.2) (77.4) (77.1) (75.4)

534 608 580 575 602

(36.0) (38.3) (38.8) (38.7) (39.5)

3,468 3,689 3,562 3,922 3,959

(79.5) (81.2) (83.2) (85.1) (85.2)

4,046 4,051 4,019 3,939 3,829

(68.8) (70.0) (71.8) (73.2) (72.9)

46.2 47.7 47.0 49.9 50.8

(0.92) (0.90) (0.95) (0.93) (0.94)

19991 ................... 20001 ................... 20011 ................... 20021 ................... 20031 ................... 20041 ...................

11,920 11,858 11,899 11,524 12,204 12,362

(133.3) (133.0) (133.2) (131.2) (134.8) (145.9)

7,844 7,592 7,602 7,697 7,921 7,969

(85.5) (86.3) (86.5) (79.2) (82.6) (83.3)

65.8 64.0 63.9 66.8 64.9 64.5

(0.72) (0.73) (0.73) (0.69) (0.68) (0.67)

2,209 2,146 2,164 2,376 2,512 2,428

(70.0) (69.2) (69.5) (68.0) (70.0) (69.2)

2,298 2,180 2,201 2,179 2,347 2,243

(71.1) (69.7) (69.9) (65.8) (68.2) (67.1)

2,777 2,701 2,724 2,621 2,539 2,812

(76.2) (75.4) (75.7) (70.5) (70.2) (73.0)

560 565 512 521 523 484

(38.2) (38.3) (36.6) (34.9) (35.0) (33.8)

4,154 4,008 3,940 4,191 4,429 4,507

(85.9) (85.1) (84.8) (80.9) (83.2) (83.8)

3,690 3,584 3,662 3,507 3,492 3,461

(73.0) (71.8) (71.9) (68.4) (69.2) (69.3)

53.0 52.8 51.8 54.4 55.9 56.6

(0.93) (0.95) (0.95) (0.89) (0.87) (0.87)

3 years old 1965..................... 1970..................... 1975..................... 1980..................... 1985.....................

4,149 3,516 3,177 3,143 3,594

(84.9) (63.2) (60.2) (60.7) (68.2)

203 454 683 857 1,035

(24.3) (28.1) (32.7) (35.7) (40.8)

4.9 12.9 21.5 27.3 28.8

(0.59) (0.80) (1.03) (1.14) (1.14)

41 110 179 221 278

(11.1) (14.6) (18.3) (20.5) (24.1)

153 322 474 604 679

(21.2) (24.1) (28.3) (31.6) (35.3)

5 12 11 16 52

(3.9) (4.9) (4.7) (5.7) (10.8)

4 10 18 17 26

(3.5) (4.5) (6.0) (5.9) (7.6)

— 142 259 321 350

(†) (16.5) (21.8) (24.3) (26.7)

— 312 423 536 685

(†) (13.9) (17.9) (20.3) (22.9)

— 31.3 37.9 37.5 33.8

(†) (3.07) (2.62) (2.36) (2.21)

1989..................... 1990..................... 1991..................... 1992..................... 1993.....................

3,713 3,692 3,811 3,905 4,053

(76.8) (72.7) (73.8) (74.7) (76.1)

1,005 1,205 1,074 1,081 1,097

(45.2) (45.1) (44.0) (44.3) (44.8)

27.1 32.6 28.2 27.7 27.1

(1.22) (1.22) (1.15) (1.13) (1.11)

277 347 313 336 369

(26.7) (28.1) (26.8) (27.8) (29.0)

707 840 702 685 687

(39.9) (40.3) (37.9) (37.6) (37.8)

3 11 38 26 20

(3.1) (5.4) (9.7) (8.0) (7.1)

18 7 22 34 20

(7.1) (4.2) (7.3) (9.3) (7.1)

390 447 388 371 426

(31.2) (31.4) (29.6) (29.0) (30.9)

615 758 687 711 670

(25.8) (26.6) (24.9) (24.7) (25.6)

38.8 37.1 36.1 34.3 38.9

(2.56) (2.20) (2.32) (2.29) (2.33)

19941 ................... 19951 ................... 19961 ................... 19971 ................... 19981 ...................

4,081 4,148 4,045 3,947 3,989

(76.8) (77.4) (79.3) (78.3) (78.7)

1,385 1,489 1,506 1,528 1,498

(48.2) (49.2) (50.8) (50.5) (50.5)

33.9 35.9 37.2 38.7 37.6

(1.18) (1.19) (1.26) (1.28) (1.27)

469 511 511 643 587

(32.5) (33.7) (34.9) (38.3) (37.0)

887 947 947 843 869

(42.0) (43.0) (44.5) (42.5) (43.1)

19 15 22 25 27

(7.0) (6.1) (7.7) (8.2) (8.6)

9 17 26 18 14

(4.9) (6.5) (8.4) (7.0) (6.2)

670 754 657 754 735

(37.7) (39.6) (38.8) (40.8) (40.4)

715 736 848 774 763

(29.6) (30.7) (31.8) (32.3) (32.0)

48.4 50.6 43.7 49.4 49.1

(2.14) (2.06) (2.11) (2.11) (2.13)

19991 ................... 20001 ................... 20011 ................... 20021 ................... 20031 ................... 20041 ...................

3,862 3,929 3,985 3,831 4,260 4,089

(77.5) (78.2) (78.7) (77.2) (81.3) (85.7)

1,505 1,541 1,538 1,711 1,806 1,583

(50.0) (50.5) (50.7) (48.2) (50.5) (48.8)

39.0 39.2 38.6 44.7 42.4 38.7

(1.30) (1.29) (1.27) (1.26) (1.19) (1.19)

621 644 599 779 783 674

(37.7) (38.3) (37.3) (39.0) (39.6) (37.2)

859 854 901 864 915 849

(42.7) (42.7) (43.6) (40.5) (42.0) (40.6)

13 27 14 45 83 40

(6.0) (8.5) (6.2) (10.5) (14.1) (9.9)

12 16 23 24 24 20

(5.7) (6.7) (7.9) (7.6) (7.7) (7.0)

773 761 715 937 979 808

(41.1) (40.9) (40.0) (41.7) (43.0) (39.9)

732 779 823 775 826 775

(32.0) (32.4) (32.3) (32.3) (33.2) (31.2)

51.3 49.4 46.5 54.7 54.2 51.0

(2.13) (2.10) (2.10) (1.88) (1.84) (1.97)

4 years old 1965..................... 1970..................... 1975..................... 1980..................... 1985.....................

4,238 3,620 3,499 3,072 3,598

(85.8) (64.1) (63.1) (60.0) (68.2)

683 1,007 1,418 1,423 1,766

(41.8) (38.0) (41.0) (39.5) (45.1)

16.1 27.8 40.5 46.3 49.1

(0.99) (1.05) (1.17) (1.29) (1.25)

68 176 332 363 496

(14.3) (18.3) (24.5) (25.6) (31.1)

213 395 644 701 859

(24.9) (26.5) (32.3) (33.3) (38.5)

284 318 313 239 276

(28.4) (24.0) (23.8) (21.2) (24.0)

118 117 129 120 135

(18.7) (15.0) (15.7) (15.4) (17.1)

— 230 411 467 643

(†) (20.7) (26.9) (28.5) (34.6)

— 776 1,008 956 1,123

(†) (18.8) (24.1) (25.3) (30.4)

— 22.8 29.0 32.8 36.4

(†) (1.87) (1.70) (1.78) (1.72)

1989..................... 1990..................... 1991..................... 1992..................... 1993.....................

3,692 3,723 3,763 3,807 4,044

(76.6) (73.0) (73.4) (73.8) (76.0)

1,882 2,087 1,994 1,982 2,178

(50.7) (48.0) (48.5) (48.8) (50.2)

51.0 56.1 53.0 52.1 53.9

(1.37) (1.29) (1.29) (1.28) (1.24)

524 695 584 602 719

(35.4) (37.7) (35.2) (35.7) (38.5)

1,055 1,144 982 971 957

(45.8) (44.6) (42.7) (42.6) (42.8)

202 157 287 282 349

(23.1) (19.4) (25.8) (25.6) (28.3)

100 91 140 126 154

(16.5) (14.9) (18.4) (17.5) (19.3)

592 716 667 632 765

(37.2) (38.1) (37.1) (36.4) (39.5)

1,290 1,371 1,326 1,350 1,413

(33.6) (34.4) (33.4) (32.9) (35.3)

31.4 34.3 33.5 31.9 35.1

(1.79) (1.65) (1.67) (1.66) (1.62)

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

72

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Table 40. Enrollment of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children in preprimary programs, by level of program, control of program, and attendance status: Selected years, 1965 through 2004—Continued [In thousands] Enrollment by level and control

Year and age

Nursery school

Total population, 3 to 5 years old

1

Enrollment by attendance

Total Percent enrolled

2

3

4

Kindergarten

Public

Private

Public

Private

Full-day

Part-day

5

6

7

8

9

10

Percent full-day 11

19941 ................... 19951 ................... 19961 ................... 19971 ................... 19981 ...................

4,202 4,145 4,148 4,033 4,002

(77.9) (77.4) (80.3) (79.2) (78.9)

2,532 2,553 2,454 2,665 2,666

(50.5) (49.9) (52.3) (49.6) (49.3)

60.3 61.6 59.2 66.1 66.6

(1.20) (1.20) (1.26) (1.23) (1.23)

1,020 1,054 1,029 1,197 1,183

(44.3) (44.6) (45.9) (47.9) (47.7)

1,232 1,208 1,168 1,169 1,219

(47.0) (46.6) (47.8) (47.6) (48.1)

198 207 180 207 210

(21.9) (22.3) (21.7) (23.1) (23.3)

82 84 77 92 53

(14.3) (14.5) (14.3) (15.7) (11.9)

1,095 1,104 1,034 1,161 1,179

(45.3) (45.3) (46.0) (47.5) (47.6)

1,438 1,449 1,420 1,505 1,487

(39.7) (39.9) (40.4) (42.3) (42.3)

43.2 43.3 42.1 43.5 44.2

(1.57) (1.56) (1.65) (1.59) (1.59)

19991 ................... 20001 ................... 20011 ................... 20021 ................... 20031 ................... 20041 ...................

4,021 3,940 3,927 3,851 4,076 4,339

(79.0) (78.3) (78.1) (77.4) (79.6) (88.2)

2,769 2,556 2,608 2,615 2,785 2,969

(48.5) (49.5) (48.9) (45.4) (46.5) (48.0)

68.9 64.9 66.4 67.9 68.3 68.4

(1.21) (1.26) (1.24) (1.18) (1.14) (1.11)

1,212 1,144 1,202 1,198 1,324 1,462

(48.1) (47.0) (47.7) (45.0) (46.8) (48.8)

1,227 1,121 1,121 1,163 1,176 1,213

(48.2) (46.8) (46.7) (44.6) (45.3) (46.3)

207 227 236 174 184 208

(23.1) (24.2) (24.6) (20.2) (20.7) (22.1)

122 65 49 80 101 85

(18.0) (13.2) (11.5) (13.9) (15.5) (14.3)

1,355 1,182 1,255 1,259 1,400 1,484

(49.5) (47.5) (48.3) (45.6) (47.5) (48.9)

1,414 1,374 1,354 1,355 1,384 1,485

(43.4) (41.6) (42.1) (40.0) (41.3) (42.7)

48.9 46.2 48.1 48.2 50.3 50.0

(1.57) (1.63) (1.62) (1.53) (1.48) (1.44)

5 years old2 1965..................... 1970..................... 1975..................... 1980..................... 1985.....................

4,162 3,814 3,509 3,069 3,542

(85.1) (65.8) (63.2) (60.0) (67.7)

2,521 2,643 2,854 2,598 3,065

(55.1) (40.2) (32.6) (28.6) (30.6)

60.6 69.3 81.3 84.7 86.5

(1.32) (1.05) (0.93) (0.93) (0.86)

18 45 59 44 73

(7.4) (9.4) (10.7) (9.4) (12.7)

27 45 57 48 94

(9.1) (9.4) (10.6) (9.8) (14.4)

2,002 2,168 2,358 2,183 2,519

(56.3) (43.2) (39.2) (35.9) (40.6)

474 384 381 322 379

(35.8) (26.2) (26.0) (24.3) (27.7)

— 326 625 763 1,151

(†) (24.4) (32.0) (34.2) (41.9)

— 2,317 2,228 1,835 1,914

(†) (23.9) (31.2) (33.2) (40.3)

— 12.3 21.9 29.4 37.6

(†) (0.90) (1.09) (1.28) (1.32)

1989..................... 1990..................... 1991..................... 1992..................... 1993.....................

3,633 3,792 3,796 3,832 3,857

(76.0) (73.7) (73.7) (74.1) (74.3)

3,139 3,367 3,267 3,339 3,306

(34.5) (30.8) (33.8) (32.8) (34.4)

86.4 88.8 86.0 87.1 85.7

(0.95) (0.81) (0.89) (0.86) (0.89)

129 157 100 135 116

(18.6) (19.4) (15.6) (18.1) (16.8)

132 196 143 127 136

(18.8) (21.6) (18.6) (17.5) (18.1)

2,499 2,604 2,642 2,688 2,651

(46.6) (45.2) (44.9) (44.9) (45.6)

378 411 382 390 403

(30.7) (30.3) (29.4) (29.6) (30.1)

1,255 1,414 1,354 1,408 1,451

(47.8) (47.2) (46.7) (47.3) (47.7)

1,883 1,953 1,913 1,931 1,856

(45.8) (45.4) (44.6) (45.2) (45.2)

40.0 42.0 41.4 42.2 43.9

(1.46) (1.35) (1.37) (1.35) (1.37)

19941 ................... 19951 ................... 19961 ................... 19971 ................... 19981 ...................

4,044 4,224 4,185 4,141 4,087

(76.4) (78.1) (80.6) (80.2) (79.7)

3,597 3,697 3,621 3,667 3,624

(31.8) (34.2) (36.5) (33.8) (33.5)

88.9 87.5 86.5 88.5 88.7

(0.79) (0.81) (0.87) (0.82) (0.82)

359 385 290 368 442

(28.8) (29.8) (27.1) (30.2) (32.8)

194 226 202 219 211

(21.6) (23.3) (22.9) (23.8) (23.3)

2,601 2,578 2,652 2,616 2,437

(48.5) (50.5) (51.5) (51.3) (51.8)

442 507 477 465 535

(31.6) (33.7) (34.0) (33.5) (35.6)

1,704 1,830 1,870 2,007 2,044

(50.0) (51.3) (53.1) (53.1) (52.8)

1,893 1,867 1,750 1,660 1,579

(47.7) (48.4) (49.7) (49.8) (49.3)

47.4 49.5 51.7 54.7 56.4

(1.33) (1.31) (1.37) (1.36) (1.36)

19991 ................... 20001 ................... 20011 ................... 20021 ................... 20031 ................... 20041 ...................

4,037 3,989 3,987 3,841 3,867 3,934

(79.2) (78.7) (78.7) (77.3) (77.5) (84.1)

3,571 3,495 3,456 3,371 3,331 3,417

(33.5) (34.3) (35.4) (31.8) (33.7) (33.2)

88.4 87.6 86.7 87.8 86.1 86.9

(0.83) (0.86) (0.89) (0.83) (0.87) (0.84)

376 359 363 399 404 293

(30.5) (29.8) (30.0) (29.6) (29.8) (25.8)

212 206 179 153 256 181

(23.4) (23.1) (21.6) (19.0) (24.2) (20.6)

2,557 2,447 2,474 2,403 2,272 2,564

(50.6) (50.8) (50.6) (47.0) (47.9) (46.8)

426 484 440 417 398 380

(32.2) (34.1) (32.7) (30.2) (29.6) (29.0)

2,027 2,065 1,970 1,994 2,050 2,215

(52.5) (52.1) (52.1) (48.5) (48.6) (48.7)

1,544 1,431 1,485 1,377 1,281 1,201

(48.9) (48.0) (48.1) (44.7) (44.0) (43.7)

56.8 59.1 57.0 59.2 61.5 64.8

(1.37) (1.37) (1.39) (1.33) (1.32) (1.28)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Data collected using new procedures. May not be comparable with figures prior to 1994. 2 Enrollment data include only those students in preprimary programs. NOTE: Data are based on sample surveys of the civilian noninstitutional population. Although cells with fewer than 75,000 children are subject to wide sampling variation, they are included in the table to permit various types of aggregations. Some data have been

revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Preprimary Enrollment, 1965, 1970, and 1975. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 1980 through October 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared November 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

73

_

Table 41. Average hours in center-based programs, by child and family characteristics, and percentage distribution of preschool children under 6 years old, by type of primary nonparental care arrangement: 2001

Child and family characteristic

Number of children, ages 0 to 5 (in thousands)

Percent in center-based programs

Average hours per week in nonparental care1

Head Start

Other center-based

Parental care only

Family child care

Sitter

Relative

Multiple arrangements2

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1

Total preschool children3............... 20,252 (11.0) Age Under 1 year ................... 1 year old ........................ 2 years old ...................... 3 years old ...................... 4 years old ...................... 5 years old ...................... Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black. non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Other............................... Mother’s employment status4 Currently employed......... 35 or more hours/week Less than 35 hours/week Looking for work.............. Not in labor force............. Mother’s highest education4 Less than high school ..... High school/GED ............ Vocational/technical or some college............. Associate's degree.......... Bachelor's degree ........... Graduate/professional degree....................... Mother in household No ................................... Yes .................................. Household structure5 Two parents..................... One parent...................... Household income $15,000 or less ............... $15,001 to $25,000......... $25,001 to $35,000......... $35,001 to $50,000......... More than $50,000.......... In poverty6 At or below poverty threshold ................... Above poverty threshold Household size 2 or 3 persons................. 4 persons ........................ 5 persons ........................ 6 or more persons........... Home language4 English ............................ Non-English .................... Mother’s age at first birth4 Less than 18 ................... 18 or 19........................... 20 or older....................... Urbanicity Nonmetropolitan ............. Metropolitan ....................

Percentage distribution, by type of primary care arrangement

33

(0.5)

31

(0.3)

5

(0.3)

25

(0.5)

40

(0.6)

11

(0.4)

2

(0.2)

16

(0.5)

1

(0.2)

3,868 3,902 3,931 3,795 3,861 896

(#) (#) (#) (91.4) (90.0) (47.0)

8 16 26 43 66 73

(0.9) (1.3) (1.4) (1.2) (1.3) (2.7)

30 32 32 30 30 29

(0.8) (0.8) (0.9) (0.7) (0.6) (1.5)

1 2 3 6 12 10

(0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (0.7) (1.1) (2.4)

7 13 21 32 45 55

(0.9) (1.2) (1.2) (1.4) (1.5) (3.3)

60 47 40 34 21 18

(1.5) (1.7) (1.6) (1.3) (1.1) (2.5)

10 15 13 10 8 6

(1.0) (1.0) (1.1) (1.1) (0.7) (1.4)

2 4 3 1 1 1

(0.5) (0.6) (0.5) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4)

19 18 18 15 12 9

(1.1) (1.1) (1.2) (1.1) (1.0) (1.7)

1 1 2 1 1 1

(0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4) (0.4) 0.4

12,353 2,987 3,693 1,219

(74.9) (2.9) (1.4) (74.1)

35 40 21 37

(0.7) (2.0) (0.9) (2.6)

28 38 31 33

(0.4) (1.0) (0.6) (1.6)

2 14 6 6

(0.3) (1.4) (0.6) (1.4)

28 25 13 26

(0.8) (1.6) (0.7) (2.4)

39 27 52 35

(0.9) (2.4) (1.6) (3.1)

13 11 8 7

(0.6) (1.1) (0.8) (1.5)

3 # 2 5

(0.3) (†) (0.4) (1.4)

14 22 19 20

(0.6) (2.0) (1.1) (2.3)

1 1 1 1

(0.2) (0.6) (0.2) (0.8)

11,637 7,573 4,064 989 7,257

(154.1) (137.0) (112.1) (70.4) (133.9)

40 42 36 25 24

(0.8) (1.0) (1.4) (2.7) (0.9)

34 38 23 25 18

(0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (2.2) (0.6)

5 6 3 9 4

(0.4) (0.6) (0.5) (1.8) (0.5)

29 30 27 12 20

(0.8) (0.9) (1.3) (1.9) (0.9)

20 15 29 59 69

(0.8) (0.9) (1.6) (3.5) (1.1)

18 21 12 4 1

(0.7) (0.8) (1.1) (1.3) (0.2)

3 2 3 2 2

(0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (0.8) (0.4)

24 24 23 14 4

(0.8) (0.9) (1.3) (2.7) (0.5)

2 1 2 1 #

(0.2) (0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (†)

2,385 (113.1) 5,986 (163.9)

21 28

(2.0) (1.1)

30 31

(1.1) (0.7)

10 6

(1.4) (0.6)

9 20

(1.4) (1.1)

57 43

(2.7) (1.6)

5 10

(0.8) (0.8)

2 1

(0.7) (0.3)

16 19

(1.7) (1.2)

1 1

(0.6) (0.3)

4,347 (125.4) 1,536 (83.3) 3,940 (105.4)

35 36 41

(1.3) (2.9) (1.4)

31 32 29

(0.8) (1.1) (0.6)

6 2 1

(0.8) (0.7) (0.3)

25 29 35

(1.2) (2.5) (1.5)

38 36 34

(1.6) (2.7) (1.5)

11 12 14

(0.9) (1.8) (1.1)

1 2 3

(0.3) (0.8) (0.5)

18 18 11

(1.3) (1.8) (1.0)

1 1 1

(0.3) (0.3) (0.3)

1,689

(85.9)

44

(2.3)

29

(0.8)

2

(0.9)

36

(2.0)

25

(2.4)

17

(1.8)

9

(1.3)

9

(1.5)

2

(0.5)

609 19,642

(63.8) (64.2)

44 33

(4.0) (0.5)

42 30

(3.1) (0.3)

8 5

(2.1) (0.3)

28 25

(3.9) (0.6)

24 40

(3.3) (0.7)

10 11

(2.3) (0.4)

2 2

(0.9) (0.2)

25 16

(3.8) (0.5)

2 1

(0.8) (0.2)

15,603 (103.4) 4,354 (99.9)

32 36

(0.6) (1.4)

28 37

(0.3) (0.7)

3 11

(0.3) (1.1)

26 21

(0.6) (1.3)

43 28

(0.7) (1.7)

11 12

(0.5) (1.0)

2 2

(0.2) (0.5)

14 24

(0.5) (1.4)

1 2

(0.2) (0.7)

3,590 (69.5) 2,831 (69.9) 2,463 (107.1) 3,180 (106.2) 8,189 (141.7)

28 26 30 27 42

(1.5) (1.7) (1.5) (1.5) (0.9)

33 33 31 31 29

(1.1) (1.3) (1.0) (0.8) (0.4)

12 8 6 3 1

(1.1) (1.1) (1.0) (0.5) (0.2)

15 15 21 21 35

(1.3) (1.3) (1.4) (1.4) (0.9)

45 47 44 44 31

(2.2) (2.2) (2.1) (2.0) (0.9)

6 8 10 13 14

(1.0) (1.2) (1.2) (1.3) (0.8)

2 1 1 1 4

(0.6) (0.4) (0.4) (0.3) (0.4)

19 20 17 17 13

(1.7) (1.7) (1.6) (1.2) (0.7)

1 # 1 1 1

(0.6) (†) (0.5) (0.4) (0.2)

4,445 15,807

(83.7) (82.7)

27 35

(1.3) (0.6)

32 30

(1.0) (0.3)

12 3

(1.1) (0.3)

14 28

(1.1) (0.6)

47 38

(2.0) (0.7)

6 13

(0.8) (0.5)

2 3

(0.5) (0.2)

19 15

(1.6) (0.6)

1 1

(0.5) (0.2)

5,502 7,608 4,102 3,040

(139.6) (145.3) (125.1) (128.9)

33 37 33 25

(1.3) (0.9) (1.4) (1.6)

33 30 28 30

(0.5) (0.5) (0.8) (1.2)

5 4 5 7

(0.6) (0.4) (0.9) (0.9)

25 29 24 16

(1.3) (0.8) (1.2) (1.5)

34 35 43 55

(1.3) (1.0) (1.7) (2.1)

15 12 9 4

(0.9) (0.8) (1.1) (0.7)

2 3 3 2

(0.4) (0.4) (0.5) (0.5)

18 16 14 16

(1.0) (1.0) (1.1) (1.8)

1 1 1 1

(0.3) (0.2) (0.5) (0.5)

16,939 (105.3) 2,704 (88.7)

35 21

(0.6) (1.2)

30 29

(0.3) (1.0)

5 6

(0.3) (0.8)

27 13

(0.6) (0.9)

37 56

(0.8) (1.7)

12 6

(0.5) (0.9)

2 2

(0.2) (0.5)

16 16

(0.6) (1.2)

1 1

(0.2) (0.4)

2,178 (105.0) 2,835 (108.1) 14,870 (120.4)

26 30 35

(1.6) (1.9) (0.7)

33 32 30

(1.1) (0.9) (0.4)

9 9 3

(1.0) (1.1) (0.3)

16 17 28

(1.5) (1.6) (0.7)

46 41 39

(2.7) (2.2) (0.8)

5 9 12

(0.7) (1.2) (0.5)

1 1 3

(0.7) (0.5) (0.2)

22 22 14

(2.4) (1.8) (0.5)

1 1 1

(0.6) (0.5) (0.2)

4,959 15,293

32 34

(1.3) (0.6)

31 30

(0.7) (0.3)

6 5

(0.7) (0.3)

23 25

(1.3) (0.6)

41 39

(1.7) (0.7)

13 10

(1.0) (0.5)

1 3

(0.5) (0.3)

5 17

(1.2) (0.6)

1 1

(0.4) (0.2)

(7.1) (8.8)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1Mean hours per week in nonparental care among preschool children enrolled in nonparental care arrangements. 2 Children who spend equal hours per week in multiple nonparental care arrangements. 3Excludes children who have entered kindergarten. 4Excludes data for households with no mother present in household. 5 Excludes children living apart from their parents.

6Poverty

level determined by household income and number of persons in household. NOTE: A child’s “primary arrangement” was defined as the regular nonparental care arrangement or early childhood education program in which the child spent the most time per week. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Program Participation Survey (ECPP-NHES:2001) of the National Household Education Surveys Program. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

74

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

_

Table 42. Child care arrangements of preschool children, by age and race/ethnicity: 1991, 1995, 1999, and 2001 Age Characteristic 1

Race/ethnicity

Total

3 years old

4 years old

5 years old

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Other

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1991 children1 In thousands.................... Percent .............................

8,402 100.0

(40.9) (†)

3,733 44.4

(7.1) (0.21)

3,627 43.2

(14.6) (0.24)

1,042 12.4

(38.6) (0.40)

5,850 69.6

(59.9) (0.67)

1,236 14.7

(41.0) (0.47)

999 11.9

(31.3) (0.37)

317 3.8

(34.6) (0.41)

Percent in nonparental arrangements Relative care ......................... Nonrelative care.................... Center-based programs2 ......

16.9 14.8 52.8

(0.60) (0.56) (0.89)

16.2 14.8 42.3

(0.72) (0.76) (1.44)

18.0 14.7 60.4

(0.85) (0.79) (1.04)

15.6 14.9 63.9

(1.34) (1.81) (2.12)

14.8 17.3 54.0

(0.66) (0.76) (0.95)

24.1 7.9 58.3

(2.09) (1.20) (2.49)

19.6 9.4 38.8

(2.08) (1.27) (2.20)

19.4 12.1 52.9

(3.87) (2.45) (3.45)

Percent with parental care only

31.0

(0.80)

37.8

(1.19)

26.0

(1.05)

24.3

(2.10)

30.6

(0.87)

24.8

(2.02)

40.7

(2.35)

32.8

(4.03)

1995 children1 In thousands.................... Percent .............................

9,222 100.0

(52.9) (†)

4,123 44.7

(8.3) (0.25)

4,061 44.0

(12.5) (0.24)

1,038 11.3

(48.3) (0.46)

6,334 68.7

(94.0) (0.94)

1,389 15.1

(56.1) (0.60)

1,042 11.3

(38.8) (0.42)

457 5.0

(39.1) (0.42)

Percent in nonparental arrangements Relative care ......................... Nonrelative care.................... Center-based programs2 ......

19.4 16.9 55.1

(0.64) (0.84) (0.97)

21.4 18.5 40.7

(1.23) (1.35) (1.55)

18.4 15.3 64.8

(0.95) (1.03) (1.45)

15.2 17.2 74.5

(2.14) (2.19) (2.35)

16.5 19.4 56.9

(0.84) (1.04) (1.44)

28.7 11.3 59.8

(2.78) (1.65) (3.19)

22.8 12.5 37.4

(2.01) (1.64) (2.15)

22.6 10.5 56.7

(3.75) (2.74) (5.47)

Percent with parental care only

25.9

(1.01)

32.0

(1.95)

22.1

(1.24)

16.2

(1.78)

25.2

(1.39)

19.9

(2.50)

38.4

(2.33)

24.2

(3.59)

1999 children1 In thousands.................... Percent .............................

8,518 100.0

(139.7) (†)

3,809 44.7

(79.1) (0.93)

3,703 43.5

(79.9) (0.93)

1,006 11.8

(54.2) (0.64)

5,384 63.2

(77.4) (0.91)

1,214 14.2

(59.2) (0.69)

1,376 16.2

(52.3) (0.61)

545 6.4

(38.3) (0.45)

Percent in nonparental arrangements Relative care ......................... Nonrelative care.................... Center-based programs2 ......

22.8 16.1 59.7

(0.77) (0.67) (0.63)

24.3 16.3 45.7

(1.28) (1.02) (1.28)

22.0 15.9 69.6

(1.14) (1.07) (1.19)

20.2 16.1 76.5

(2.06) (2.08) (2.40)

18.7 19.4 60.0

(0.90) (0.88) (0.81)

33.4 7.4 73.2

(2.58) (1.37) (2.40)

26.5 12.7 44.2

(1.86) (1.29) (2.19)

30.0 10.4 66.0

(3.97) (1.98) (4.10)

Percent with parental care only

23.1

(0.72)

30.8

(1.42)

17.7

(0.99)

13.5

(1.78)

23.2

(0.91)

13.7

(1.97)

33.4

(2.04)

16.6

(3.50)

2001 children1 In thousands.................... Percent .............................

8,551 100.0

(11.0) (†)

3,795 44.4

91.4 (1.06)

3,861 45.1

(89.0) (1.04)

896 10.5

(47.0) (0.55)

5,313 62.1

(68.0) (0.79)

1,251 14.6

(55.1) (0.64)

1,506 17.6

(43.5) (0.51)

482 5.6

(38.3) (0.45)

Percent in nonparental arrangements Relative care ......................... Nonrelative care.................... Center-based programs2 ......

22.8 14.0 56.4

(0.89) (0.65) (0.55)

23.6 14.7 42.8

(1.39) (1.17) (1.21)

22.5 13.6 65.9

(1.33) (0.95) (1.25)

20.9 13.1 73.0

(2.66) (2.13) (2.69)

19.6 16.5 59.1

(1.01) (0.98) (0.89)

36.7 8.5 63.1

(3.42) (1.65) (2.93)

22.8 11.3 39.9

(1.89) (1.43) (1.86)

22.8 10.8 61.8

(3.54) (2.72) (4.10)

Percent with parental care only

26.1

(0.67)

33.8

(1.29)

20.4

(1.11)

18.0

(2.49)

25.3

(0.99)

15.1

(2.22)

39.0

(2.03)

23.7

(3.90)

†Not applicable. 1 Estimates are based only on children 3 to 5 years old who have not entered kindergarten. 2Center-based programs include day care centers, nursery schools, prekindergartens, preschools, and Head Start programs. NOTE: Row percents for nonparental and parental care do not add to 100 percent because some children participated in more than one type of nonparental care arrangement. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Education Survey (ECE-NHES:1991), Parent Survey (Parent-NHES:1999), and Early Childhood Program Participation Survey (ECPP-NHES:1995 and 2001) of the National Household Education Surveys Program, and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 43. Children of prekindergarten through second-grade age, by enrollment status, maternal characteristics, and household income: 1995, 1999, and 2001 Maternal characteristic and household income 1

3- to 5-year-olds, not enrolled in school 1995 2

Total children (in thousands)..................... 4,586 (102) 4,037

1999 3 (3) 3,990

Enrolled in nursery school or prekindergarten 1

1995

4

5

2001

(3) 4,642 (105) 4,510

1999 6 (4) 4,586

Enrolled in kindergarten

20011

1995

7

8

(#) 4,149

(76) 3,948

1999 9 (#) 3,831

Enrolled in first grade 20011 10 (#) 4,025

1995 11 (77) 4,540

1999

Enrolled in second grade 20011

12

13

(#) 4,333

(#) 3,777

1995 14 (73) 4,083

1999

20011

15

16

(#) 3,934

(#)

Percentage distribution Mother’s highest level of education2 ......... 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) Less than high school ........................... 16.3 (1.27) 14.7 (1.07) 16.4 (1.26) 6.8 (0.78) 7.4 (0.72) 8.0 (1.26) 13.4 (0.93) 10.6 (1.09) 10.7 (1.31) 12.3 (0.99) 12.4 (1.15) 11.7 (1.28) 15.0 (0.81) 12.6 (1.02) 13.5 (1.26) High school/GED .................................. 41.1 (1.51) 36.2 (1.61) 39.7 (1.59) 30.7 (1.27) 26.1 (1.17) 26.1 (1.59) 36.4 (1.19) 32.4 (1.54) 30.3 (1.86) 34.9 (1.53) 31.2 (1.48) 30.3 (2.17) 35.6 (1.44) 30.8 (1.61) 32.8 (2.11) Vocational/technical or some college.... 21.3 (1.34) 23.3 (1.32) 19.1 (1.30) 22.7 (1.01) 22.8 (1.17) 24.6 (1.30) 21.7 (1.00) 22.8 (1.37) 23.5 (1.84) 23.6 (1.29) 23.8 (1.48) 24.3 (1.87) 20.6 (0.94) 23.5 (1.42) 22.5 (2.18) Associate’s degree................................ 7.0 (0.79) 7.0 (0.68) 5.9 (0.67) 8.6 (0.72) 9.6 (0.66) 7.7 (0.67) 7.0 (0.68) 8.3 (0.91) 7.6 (1.18) 7.3 (0.81) 7.9 (0.79) 7.5 (1.01) 7.6 (0.60) 10.3 (1.04) 7.5 (0.92) Bachelor’s degree ................................. 11.3 (0.86) 14.7 (1.03) 14.0 (1.16) 22.0 (1.10) 23.7 (1.12) 22.5 (1.16) 15.1 (0.98) 17.0 (1.12) 20.8 (1.58) 15.7 (1.02) 17.8 (1.07) 19.5 (1.68) 15.0 (0.94) 16.1 (1.14) 15.8 (1.70) Graduate/professional degree .............. 3.0 (0.48) 4.0 (0.47) 5.0 (0.63) 9.1 (0.70) 10.3 (0.77) 11.1 (0.63) 6.3 (0.69) 8.9 (0.79) 7.1 (1.02) 6.3 (0.49) 6.9 (0.77) 6.7 (1.04) 6.2 (0.67) 6.6 (0.78) 7.9 (1.28)

Household income.................................... 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) $10,000 or less ..................................... 22.7 (1.21) 14.5 (1.05) 14.1 (1.07) 16.1 (1.06) 10.8 (0.90) 8.5 (0.81) 19.4 (1.24) 13.4 (1.16) 8.5 (1.22) 17.4 (1.19) 15.6 (1.14) 9.1 (1.18) 19.5 (1.34) 14.7 (1.38) 9.4 (1.07) $10,001 to $20,000............................... 15.7 (1.08) 19.5 (1.05) 14.5 (1.19) 10.4 (0.78) 12.6 (0.82) 12.7 (0.87) 12.6 (0.87) 13.2 (1.14) 14.1 (1.51) 13.2 (0.90) 13.8 (1.09) 14.0 (1.45) 11.6 (0.84) 15.3 (1.10) 12.4 (1.33) $20,001 to $30,000............................... 19.1 (1.12) 17.3 (1.24) 15.0 (0.94) 13.1 (0.81) 14.1 (0.83) 11.7 (0.74) 15.8 (0.76) 15.3 (1.10) 16.6 (1.41) 16.6 (0.91) 15.2 (1.14) 16.5 (1.71) 16.5 (1.05) 16.2 (1.16) 14.7 (1.54) $30,001 to $40,000............................... 16.2 (1.00) 14.6 (1.16) 13.6 (1.07) 12.4 (0.91) 11.4 (0.69) 9.7 (0.79) 15.1 (1.12) 14.6 (1.23) 12.2 (1.29) 14.1 (0.85) 12.8 (1.08) 10.3 (1.16) 16.1 (0.94) 11.3 (0.96) 12.4 (1.33) $40,001 to $50,000............................... 11.0 (0.74) 9.9 (0.85) 12.0 (1.05) 11.5 (0.96) 9.9 (0.66) 7.5 (0.68) 11.7 (0.88) 9.8 (0.92) 9.1 (1.16) 11.1 (0.77) 10.2 (0.94) 9.7 (1.34) 11.3 (0.92) 10.4 (0.92) 9.2 (1.08) $50,001 to $75,000............................... 10.5 (0.69) 12.9 (0.83) 18.8 (1.31) 19.3 (0.93) 19.4 (1.03) 21.2 (1.09) 14.4 (0.82) 15.9 (1.11) 20.9 (1.68) 15.6 (0.84) 16.1 (0.95) 18.3 (1.41) 15.0 (1.00) 15.2 (1.03) 19.6 (1.80) More than $75,000................................ 4.7 (0.70) 11.3 (0.88) 12.1 (0.99) 17.2 (1.06) 21.9 (1.05) 28.7 (1.09) 11.1 (0.62) 17.8 (1.10) 18.6 (1.30) 12.1 (0.73) 16.4 (1.11) 22.1 (1.86) 10.1 (0.79) 16.9 (1.18) 22.3 (1.78) †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Table includes a very small number of older children enrolled in first and second grade and excludes children for whom no grade equivalency was available. 2Excludes data for households with no mother present.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Program Participation Survey (ECPP:1995 and 2001), Parent Survey (Parent-NHES:1999), and Before- and After-School Programs and Activities Survey (ASPA-NHES:2001) of the National Household Surveys Program, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

(†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) Mother’s employment status2 ................... 100.0 Working 35 hours/week or more ........... 33.4 (1.45) 36.1 (1.61) 36.7 (1.55) 38.5 (1.13) 42.7 (1.52) 43.7 (1.18) 35.9 (1.05) 43.6 (1.55) 38.9 (1.99) 38.5 (1.49) 43.4 (1.63) 46.1 (2.33) 40.5 (1.17) 44.5 (1.57) 42.3 (2.30) Working less than 35 hours/week ......... 17.8 (1.23) 21.0 (1.25) 19.2 (1.30) 23.7 (1.08) 23.3 (1.13) 22.8 (1.00) 20.8 (1.10) 22.2 (1.24) 22.6 (1.57) 20.8 (1.10) 23.4 (1.46) 19.7 (1.59) 21.4 (1.19) 22.1 (1.30) 20.1 (1.60) Looking for work.................................... 6.8 (0.83) 5.9 (0.75) 5.7 (0.75) 5.8 (0.71) 4.9 (0.66) 3.9 (0.55) 5.6 (0.70) 5.3 (0.81) 3.9 (0.87) 5.0 (0.66) 4.4 (0.74) 4.1 (0.89) 5.4 (0.70) 4.0 (0.65) 5.1 (1.09) Not in labor force................................... 42.0 (1.68) 36.9 (1.31) 38.4 (1.48) 32.0 (1.28) 29.2 (1.27) 29.6 (1.27) 37.7 (1.18) 28.9 (1.38) 34.7 (2.16) 35.6 (1.57) 28.8 (1.42) 30.1 (2.05) 32.7 (1.30) 29.5 (1.56) 32.5 (2.22)

75

76

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

_

Table 44. Mean reading scale scores and percentage sight reading for fall 1998 first-time kindergartners, by time of assessment and selected child, family, and early school experience characteristics: Selected years, fall 1998 through spring 2002 Mean reading scale score Selected child, family, and early school experience characteristic

Kindergarten Fall 1998

Spring 1999

Fall 1999

2

3

4

1

Fall kindergarten Third grade to spring third grade reading Spring 2000 Spring 2002 score gain

Reading, percent reading sight words

First grade

5

6

Kindergarten

First grade

Third grade

Fall 1998

Spring 1999

Fall 1999

Spring 2000

8

9

10

11

7

Spring 2002 12

Total..................................

28

(0.4)

39

(0.5)

46

(0.6)

68

(0.7)

109

(0.8)

81

(0.6)

3

(0.4)

16

(0.8)

28

(1.3)

77

(1.2)

99

(0.2)

Sex Male ...................................... Female ..................................

27 28

(0.5) (0.4)

38 40

(0.5) (0.6)

45 46

(0.8) (0.7)

67 70

(0.9) (0.8)

108 110

(0.9) (0.9)

80 82

(0.6) (0.7)

4 3

(0.6) (0.5)

15 17

(1.0) (1.0)

26 30

(1.5) (1.3)

73 80

(1.5) (1.3)

99 99

(0.3) (0.2)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic.............. Black, non-Hispanic .............. Hispanic ................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............ Other, non-Hispanic ..............

29 25 25 31 24

(0.4) (0.5) (0.7) (2.3) (2.7)

41 35 36 42 35

(0.5) (0.5) (0.8) (2.9) (2.2)

47 41 42 50 40

(0.7) (0.7) (0.9) (3.4) (3.7)

71 61 64 73 61

(0.8) (0.9) (1.5) (4.2) (3.6)

113 99 105 107 98

(0.6) (1.0) (1.7) (3.3) (6.9)

84 74 80 76 74

(0.5) (1.0) (1.4) (1.8) (4.6)

4 1 3 8 2

(0.5) (0.4) (0.7) (3.3) (1.2)

18 10 12 25 9

(1.0) (1.3) (1.5) (5.9) (2.6)

31 20 22 37 22

(1.4) (1.9) (2.3) (6.4) (5.9)

81 67 70 78 62

(1.3) (1.7) (2.9) (4.2) (6.8)

99 98 98 98 97

(0.2) (0.5) (0.5) (1.4) (1.4)

Parents’ highest level of education1 Less than high school ........... High school ........................... Some college ........................ Bachelor’s or higher ..............

22 25 27 32

(0.6) (0.6) (0.4) (0.6)

31 36 38 45

(0.7) (0.8) (0.4) (0.7)

36 41 45 52

(0.9) (1.0) (0.6) (0.9)

56 62 67 77

(1.4) (1.2) (0.8) (1.0)

92 103 108 118

(1.5) (1.3) (0.9) (0.7)

70 78 81 86

(1.5) (1.0) (0.9) (0.6)

# 2 2 7

(†) (0.8) (0.4) (0.8)

3 10 13 26

(0.8) (1.4) (0.8) (1.5)

10 18 27 41

(1.8) (1.9) (1.5) (1.7)

58 68 77 87

(2.7) (2.1) (1.5) (1.2)

95 98 99 100

(1.0) (0.5) (0.2) (0.1)

Socioeconomic status1 Lowest 20 percent................. Middle 60 percent ................. Highest 20 percent................

21 27 33

(0.5) (0.4) (0.7)

31 38 46

(0.7) (0.5) (0.9)

36 45 53

(0.8) (0.7) (1.1)

55 68 78

(1.1) (0.8) (1.2)

93 109 120

(1.4) (0.8) (0.7)

71 81 87

(1.3) (0.7) (0.5)

1 3 8

(0.4) (0.5) (1.0)

5 14 28

(1.0) (0.9) (1.8)

10 27 43

(1.4) (1.4) (2.0)

56 77 88

(2.1) (1.4) (1.3)

96 99 100

(0.9) (0.2) (#)

Number of family risk factors1,2 No risks................................. One risk ................................ Two or more risks..................

30 25 23

(0.5) (0.5) (0.5)

42 36 33

(0.5) (0.6) (0.6)

49 42 38

(0.7) (0.7) (0.8)

73 64 58

(0.8) (0.9) (1.1)

114 105 96

(0.7) (1.2) (1.8)

84 79 73

(0.6) (0.9) (1.5)

5 2 1

(0.5) (0.4) (0.5)

20 11 5

(1.0) (1.0) (0.9)

35 21 12

(1.5) (1.2) (1.3)

83 71 60

(1.3) (1.9) (2.5)

100 99 97

(0.1) (0.4) (0.7)

Kindergarten program type Half-day program .................. Full-day program...................

28 27

(0.6) (0.6)

38 40

(0.6) (0.7)

45 46

(0.8) (1.0)

68 68

(1.0) (1.2)

111 108

(0.8) (1.3)

83 80

(0.7) (0.8)

3 3

(0.5) (0.6)

14 17

(1.1) (1.3)

26 30

(1.7) (2.0)

77 76

(1.3) (1.7)

99 99

(0.2) (0.3)

27 32

(0.4) (0.9)

38 44

(0.5) (1.1)

44 52

(0.6) (1.3)

66 80

(0.7) (1.6)

107 116

(0.8) (1.3)

81 85

(0.6) (0.9)

3 6

(0.4) (1.2)

14 25

(0.8) (2.6)

25 44

(1.2) (3.2)

75 91

(1.4) (1.7)

99 100

(0.2) (0.1)

31

(0.9)

43

(1.3)

51

(1.7)

74

(2.4)

114

(1.5)

83

(1.2)

5

(1.2)

22

(2.5)

38

(4.2)

82

(3.8)

100

(0.1)

School type across all waves of the study Public school all years .......... Private school all years ......... Change in school type during study ...............................

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Status during kindergarten year. 2 Family risk factors included living below the federal poverty level, primary home language was non-English, mother’s highest education was less than a high school diploma/GED, and living in a single-parent household. Values range from 0 to 4. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates reflect the sample of children assessed in English in all assessment years. ECLS-K was not administered in 2001, when most of the children were in second grade. Although most of the children in the

sample were in third grade in the spring of 2002, 10 percent were in second grade, and about 1 percent were enrolled in other grades. The risk factor variables, the socioeconomic status, and parent education variables are information collected in the kindergarten year. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Data calculated using C1_5SC0 weight. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–99 (ECLS-K), Longitudinal Kindergarten–Third Grade Public-Use File, fall 1998, spring 1999, fall 1999, spring 2000, and spring 2002. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

77

_

Table 45. Mean math and science scale scores and percentage with addition and subtraction skills for fall 1998 first-time kindergartners, by time of assessment and selected child, family, and early school experience characteristics: Selected years, fall 1998 through spring 2002

Selected child, family, and early school experience characteristic

Fall Science kindergarten mean scale Mean math scale score score to spring third grade Third grade Kindergarten First grade Third grade math Fall 1998 Spring 1999 Fall 1999 Spring 2000 Spring 2002 score gain Spring 2002

1

Math, percent with addition and subtraction skills Kindergarten

First grade

Fall 1998 Spring 1999

Third grade

Fall 1999 Spring 2000

Spring 2002

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Total............................

22 (0.3)

32 (0.4)

39 (0.5)

56 (0.6)

85 (0.7)

63 (0.5)

35 (0.4)

4 (0.3)

18 (0.7)

34 (1.1)

73 (1.2)

97

(0.3)

Sex Male ................................ Female ............................

22 (0.4) 22 (0.4)

33 (0.5) 32 (0.4)

40 (0.6) 39 (0.4)

57 (0.8) 55 (0.5)

87 (0.8) 83 (0.7)

65 (0.5) 62 (0.5)

36 (0.4) 34 (0.4)

5 (0.4) 3 (0.4)

19 (0.9) 17 (0.9)

36 (1.5) 33 (1.2)

73 (1.5) 73 (1.1)

97 97

(0.5) (0.3)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Asian/Pacific Islander...... Other, non-Hispanic ........

24 18 19 22 19

(0.3) (0.3) (0.6) (1.5) (2.3)

34 27 29 33 27

(0.4) (0.5) (0.7) (2.2) (1.8)

42 33 36 40 34

(0.5) (0.5) (0.7) (2.3) (3.0)

59 48 52 54 49

(0.7) (0.7) (1.0) (2.7) (2.5)

89 75 83 86 77

(0.6) (0.8) (1.2) (2.9) (5.9)

66 56 63 64 58

(0.5) (0.8) (0.9) (1.7) (3.7)

38 27 32 34 31

(0.3) (0.5) (0.7) (1.1) (3.7)

5 1 2 6 3

(0.4) (0.2) (0.5) (2.3) (1.4)

22 9 13 20 9

(0.9) (1.1) (1.3) (5.7) (2.1)

40 21 26 36 23

(1.3) (1.3) (1.7) (5.9) (6.3)

79 60 67 69 59

(1.3) (1.6) (2.7) (4.6) (6.5)

98 95 97 97 92

(0.3) (0.6) (0.6) (0.8) (3.0)

Parents’ highest level of education1 Less than high school ..... High school ..................... Some college .................. Bachelor’s or higher ........

16 19 21 27

(0.4) (0.5) (0.4) (0.5)

24 28 31 38

(0.6) (0.6) (0.4) (0.6)

30 35 38 46

(0.9) (0.7) (0.5) (0.6)

46 50 55 63

(1.4) (1.0) (0.6) (0.8)

72 79 85 94

(1.2) (1.1) (0.9) (0.7)

57 60 64 67

(1.0) (0.8) (0.7) (0.6)

27 32 35 39

(0.9) (0.6) (0.4) (0.4)

# (†) 1 (0.3) 2 (0.3) 8 (0.9)

4 11 15 30

(0.7) (1.0) (0.8) (1.5)

14 24 32 50

(2.5) (1.9) (1.4) (1.5)

54 63 74 84

(3.5) (2.1) (1.3) (1.3)

93 95 98 99

(1.2) (0.7) (0.3) (0.2)

Socioeconomic status1 Lowest 20 percent........... Middle 60 percent ........... Highest 20 percent..........

16 (0.4) 21 (0.3) 28 (0.7)

24 (0.6) 32 (0.4) 39 (0.7)

30 (0.8) 38 (0.5) 47 (0.8)

46 (1.0) 55 (0.6) 65 (0.8)

72 (0.9) 85 (0.8) 96 (0.7)

56 (0.8) 63 (0.6) 68 (0.6)

27 (0.5) 35 (0.4) 41 (0.4)

1 (0.2) 3 (0.3) 10 (1.2)

5 (0.6) 16 (0.8) 33 (1.8)

14 (1.7) 32 (1.2) 53 (1.8)

53 (2.3) 73 (1.3) 86 (1.3)

92 97 99

(0.8) (0.4) (0.1)

Number of family risk factors1,2 No risks........................... One risk .......................... Two or more risks............

24 (0.4) 20 (0.5) 17 (0.4)

35 (0.4) 30 (0.6) 26 (0.5)

42 (0.5) 37 (0.7) 32 (0.7)

60 (0.6) 52 (1.0) 48 (0.9)

90 (0.5) 82 (1.0) 74 (1.4)

66 (0.4) 62 (0.7) 57 (1.1)

38 (0.3) 33 (0.5) 28 (0.8)

5 (0.5) 2 (0.5) 1 (0.2)

23 (0.9) 13 (0.9) 6 (0.6)

41 (1.3) 28 (1.8) 18 (1.7)

80 (1.1) 66 (2.0) 59 (2.1)

98 96 93

(0.2) (0.7) (0.8)

Kindergarten program type Half-day program ............ Full-day program.............

22 (0.5) 22 (0.5)

32 (0.6) 32 (0.7)

39 (0.7) 39 (0.8)

56 (0.8) 55 (0.9)

87 (0.6) 84 (1.1)

65 (0.5) 62 (0.7)

36 (0.4) 34 (0.7)

4 (0.5) 4 (0.4)

17 (1.0) 19 (1.4)

34 (1.7) 35 (1.9)

74 (1.4) 72 (1.8)

98 97

(0.3) (0.5)

21 (0.4) 27 (0.7)

31 (0.4) 38 (0.9)

38 (0.5) 45 (0.9)

55 (0.7) 62 (1.1)

84 (0.8) 91 (1.2)

63 (0.6) 64 (0.9)

34 (0.4) 37 (0.7)

3 (0.3) 8 (1.3)

16 (0.8) 29 (2.2)

32 (1.2) 48 (2.5)

71 (1.3) 85 (1.7)

97 99

(0.4) (0.3)

24 (0.9)

35 (1.3)

43 (1.4)

59 (1.6)

89 (1.4)

65 (1.1)

38 (0.7)

6 (1.3)

25 (3.0)

44 (3.8)

79 (2.7)

98

(0.6)

School type across all waves of the study Public school all years .... Private school all years ... Change in school type during study ..............

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Status during kindergarten year. 2 Family risk factors included living below the federal poverty level, primary home language was non-English, mother’s highest education was less than a high school diploma/GED, and living in a single-parent household. Values range from 0 to 4. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates reflect the sample of children assessed in English in all assessment years. ECLS-K was not administered in 2001, when most of the children were in second grade. Although most of the children in the

13

sample were in third grade in the spring of 2002, 10 percent were in second grade, and about 1 percent were enrolled in other grades. The risk factor variables, the socioeconomic status, and parent education variables are information collected in the kindergarten year. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Data calculated using C1_5SC0 weight. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–99 (ECLS-K), Longitudinal Kindergarten–Third Grade Public-Use File, fall 1998, spring 1999, fall 1999, spring 2000, and spring 2002. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

78

_

Percent participating three or more times in the past week Selected child and family characteristic 1

Read to by family member

Children (in thousands) 1993

1999

2001

2

3

19931

1999

Told a story by family member 2001

1993

1999

Taught letters, words, or numbers

2001

1993

1999

Visited a library2

Did arts and crafts

2001

1993

1999

2001

1993

1999

2001

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

Total....................... 8,579 (42.0) 8,525 (13.6) 8,551 (11.0)

78 (0.7)

82 (0.7)

84 (0.8)

43 (0.9)

50 (1.1)

54 (0.9)

58 (0.8)

64 (0.9)

74 (1.0)

33 (0.8)

39 (0.8)

46 (1.0)

38 (1.0)

37 (0.9)

36

(1.1)

Age 3 years old ................. 3,889 (8.2) 3,814 (78.7) 3,795 (91.4) 4 years old ................. 3,713 (15.7) 3,705 (80.1) 3,861 (89.0) 5 years old ................. 976 (39.4) 1,006 (54.2) 896 (47.0)

79 (1.0) 78 (1.0) 76 (2.1)

82 (1.1) 82 (1.1) 79 (2.4)

84 (1.1) 85 (1.2) 81 (2.7)

46 (1.3) 41 (1.5) 36 (2.7)

53 (1.6) 48 (1.6) 45 (3.0)

54 (1.4) 55 (1.4) 52 (3.0)

57 (1.3) 58 (1.1) 58 (2.8)

66 (1.2) 63 (1.4) 65 (2.7)

71 (1.7) 77 (1.3) 75 (2.5)

34 (1.3) 33 (1.1) 33 (2.3)

41 (1.7) 38 (1.3) 35 (2.5)

43 (1.7) 48 (1.5) 44 (2.7)

34 (1.3) 41 (1.5) 38 (2.7)

33 (1.3) 39 (1.4) 42 (2.8)

35 37 37

(1.9) (1.4) (3.4)

Sex Male ........................... 4,453 (60.2) 4,364 (79.3) 4,292 (79.9) Female ....................... 4,126 (65.0) 4,162 (79.4) 4,260 (79.6)

77 (1.0) 79 (1.0)

81 (1.0) 82 (1.1)

82 (1.2) 86 (1.0)

43 (1.3) 43 (1.2)

50 (1.4) 50 (1.5)

53 (1.4) 55 (1.3)

58 (1.0) 58 (1.4)

64 (1.3) 65 (1.3)

73 (1.6) 76 (1.3)

31 (1.0) 36 (1.2)

38 (1.2) 40 (1.2)

41 (1.3) 50 (1.5)

38 (1.5) 38 (1.1)

35 (1.2) 38 (1.3)

35 37

(1.4) (1.6)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic... 5,902 (63.6) 5,389 (77.0) 5,313 (68.0) Black, non-Hispanic ... 1,271 (44.9) 1,214 (59.2) 1,251 (55.1) Hispanic ..................... 1,026 (34.1) 1,376 (52.3) 1,506 (43.5) Other.......................... 381 (33.5) 547 (38.5) 482 (38.3)

85 66 58 73

89 72 62 82

89 77 71 87

44 39 38 50

53 44 40 54

58 51 42 60

58 63 54 59

65 67 57 68

75 78 68 78

36 28 25 32

44 27 32 33

49 34 42 46

42 29 26 43

40 34 24 43

(1.1) (2.7) (1.7) (3.9)

39 31 30 38

(1.3) (2.6) (2.0) (4.6)

Mother’s highest level of education3 Less than high school 1,036 (50.1) 894 (51.7) 996 (54.5) High school/GED ....... 3,268 (79.6) 2,549 (80.7) 2,712 (89.0) Vocational/technical or some college........ 2,291 (69.1) 1,907 (75.9) 1,833 (73.9) Associate’s degree..... 332 (25.7) 689 (40.8) 573 (40.9) Bachelor’s degree ...... 912 (42.3) 1,611 (69.1) 1,553 (68.4) Graduate/professional degree.................. 569 (37.7) 602 (34.7) 685 (45.7) Mother’s employment status3 Employed ................... 4,486 (77.3) 5,097 (75.9) 5,148 (84.2) Unemployed............... 594 (45.0) 443 (43.7) 396 (36.9) Not in labor force........ 3,328 (72.9) 2,712 (70.6) 2,809 (73.3) Family composition of household Two parents................ 6,226 (78.1) 6,058 (72.8) 6,416 (75.1) None or one parent.... 2,353 (66.5) 2,467 (75.6) 2,135 (75.1) Poverty status Above poverty threshold .............. 6,323 (62.1) 6,522 (75.8) 6,620 (61.6) At or below poverty threshold .............. 2,256 (56.6) 2,004 (73.0) 1,931 (62.1)

(0.7) (2.4) (2.4) (3.8)

(0.7) (2.4) (2.1) (3.3)

(0.8) (2.6) (1.9) (2.7)

(1.0) (2.7) (2.2) (5.3)

(1.2) (2.7) (2.3) (4.0)

(1.1) (2.9) (2.1) (4.0)

(0.9) (2.7) (1.9) (3.9)

(1.1) (2.5) (2.2) (4.4)

(1.2) (3.4) (2.0) (3.6)

(1.0) (2.4) (2.1) (3.3)

(1.1) (2.6) (2.0) (3.3)

(1.2) (3.3) (2.2) (3.8)

(1.3) (2.6) (1.6) (4.6)

19

60 (2.7) 75 (1.3)

63 (2.8) 77 (1.8)

69 (2.8) 81 (1.6)

37 (3.2) 41 (1.3)

36 (3.0) 49 (2.1)

43 (3.7) 53 (1.7)

56 (2.7) 56 (1.3)

60 (3.4) 64 (1.6)

67 (3.0) 73 (1.5)

25 (2.2) 30 (1.2)

28 (2.8) 38 (1.7)

30 (2.9) 43 (1.7)

22 (2.7) 30 (1.8)

17 (2.2) 30 (1.8)

21 30

(2.4) (1.9)

83 (1.4) 84 (3.1) 90 (1.6)

84 (1.5) 88 (1.7) 92 (1.1)

85 (1.8) 89 (2.5) 93 (1.2)

45 (1.9) 44 (4.3) 48 (2.4)

53 (1.9) 51 (3.1) 56 (2.2)

53 (2.5) 56 (3.2) 58 (2.2)

60 (1.7) 63 (3.9) 57 (2.2)

68 (1.5) 66 (3.0) 65 (2.1)

76 (1.8) 78 (3.5) 76 (1.9)

37 (1.8) 39 (4.1) 37 (2.4)

39 (1.9) 43 (3.2) 42 (1.7)

47 (2.3) 46 (3.8) 53 (2.7)

44 (2.2) 38 (4.1) 55 (2.2)

39 (2.0) 45 (3.3) 51 (2.1)

38 42 46

(2.2) (4.3) (2.4)

90 (2.1)

92 (1.8)

96 (1.1)

50 (3.2)

51 (3.5)

67 (3.6)

60 (2.7)

62 (3.6)

80 (2.8)

42 (3.0)

51 (3.6)

55 (3.8)

59 (3.5)

48 (3.2)

55

(3.8)

79 (1.0) 71 (3.4) 79 (1.3)

82 (1.0) 73 (3.1) 84 (1.2)

86 (1.0) 77 (5.0) 83 (1.4)

44 (1.0) 43 (2.9) 43 (1.5)

50 (1.5) 49 (4.3) 50 (1.5)

54 (1.3) 56 (5.6) 54 (2.0)

57 (1.2) 66 (3.7) 58 (1.5)

65 (1.2) 64 (4.0) 65 (1.8)

73 (1.3) 73 (5.0) 76 (1.7)

33 (1.1) 33 (3.9) 34 (1.4)

37 (1.0) 40 (4.6) 43 (1.5)

45 (1.5) 38 (5.2) 48 (2.0)

39 (1.2) 37 (3.7) 37 (1.4)

36 (1.0) 31 (3.9) 41 (1.5)

36 37 38

(1.2) (4.8) (1.9)

81 (0.7) 71 (1.7)

85 (0.6) 74 (1.7)

87 (0.8) 76 (2.0)

44 (1.0) 41 (2.0)

52 (1.2) 44 (2.1)

55 (1.0) 51 (2.2)

57 (0.9) 59 (2.1)

64 (1.0) 65 (1.8)

74 (1.1) 73 (2.2)

35 (0.9) 30 (1.9)

42 (1.0) 33 (1.5)

48 (1.1) 39 (2.3)

41 (1.2) 30 (1.7)

40 (1.0) 29 (1.8)

38 30

(1.2) (2.1)

82 (0.7)

85 (0.7)

87 (0.8)

44 (0.9)

52 (1.1)

55 (0.9)

57 (0.8)

66 (1.0)

75 (1.1)

36 (0.9)

41 (0.9)

47 (1.0)

41 (1.2)

40 (1.1)

39

(1.2)

67 (1.6)

70 (2.1)

74 (2.3)

39 (1.8)

42 (2.7)

51 (2.7)

60 (2.0)

59 (2.3)

72 (2.4)

27 (1.9)

33 (2.2)

40 (2.4)

28 (2.0)

25 (2.1)

27

(2.2)

1In 1993, respondents were asked about reading frequency in one of two versions. The percentages presented in the table are for all of the respondents who answered three or more times on either version of the questions. 2Refers to visiting a library at least once in the past month. 3Excludes children who did not have a mother (birth, adoptive, step, or foster) residing in their household and also did not have a female respondent on the telephone.

NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, School Readiness Survey (SRNHES:1993), Parent Survey (Parent-NHES:1999), and Early Childhood Program Participation Survey (ECPP-NHES:2001) of the National Household Education Surveys Program. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Table 46. Percentage of 3- to 5-year-olds not yet enrolled in kindergarten who have participated in home literacy activities with a family member, by type of activity and selected child and family characteristics: 1993, 1999, and 2001

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

79

Table 47. Percentage distribution of first-time kindergartners, by number of children’s books in the home, and number of times each week family members read books to them, by selected characteristics: Fall 1998 Percentage distribution of first-time kindergartners, by number of children’s books in child’s home

Percentage distribution of first-time kindergartners, by number of times each week family members read books to child

Total (in thousands)

Percentage distribution of total

Less than 26

26–50

51–100

101 or more

None

1–2

3–4

Every day

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Total............................

3,678

100.0

26

(1.0)

28

(0.5)

29

(0.6)

17

(0.6)

1

(0.1)

19

(0.6)

35

(0.5)

45

(0.6)

Sex Male ................................ Female ............................

1,868 1,811

50.8 49.2

27 25

(1.1) (1.0)

28 28

(0.6) (0.6)

28 29

(0.6) (0.8)

16 17

(0.7) (0.7)

1 1

(0.2) (0.1)

21 17

(0.8) (0.6)

35 35

(0.6) (0.6)

43 47

(0.8) (0.7)

2,118 570 108 704

57.6 15.5 2.9 19.1

9 50 46 52

(0.4) (1.8) (2.7) (1.5)

28 31 26 27

(0.6) (1.2) (1.6) (0.9)

38 15 20 16

(0.6) (1.0) (1.9) (0.8)

25 4 8 6

(0.8) (0.4) (1.2) (0.5)

1 2 1 3

(0.1) (0.4) (0.3) (0.3)

13 31 23 27

(0.5) (1.2) (1.9) (1.0)

37 33 29 31

(0.5) (1.3) (1.8) (0.9)

49 35 47 39

(0.7) (1.2) (2.4) (0.9)

21

0.6

34

(3.1)

41

(3.8)

16

(2.3)

9

(3.1)

#

(†)

19

(2.5)

35

(3.0)

45

(2.9)

64 88

1.7 2.4

51 20

(7.8) (2.4)

22 36

(2.4) (3.0)

16 28

(3.0) (2.4)

11 16

(3.3) (1.7)

3 #

(0.6) (†)

33 15

(3.0) (1.8)

25 42

(2.7) (2.9)

40 43

(2.1) (2.7)

519 1,116

14.1 30.3

62 31

(1.7) (1.4)

24 32

(1.2) (0.9)

10 26

(0.8) (0.9)

4 11

(0.5) (0.5)

4 1

(0.5) (0.2)

34 24

(1.1) (0.9)

27 36

(1.1) (0.8)

36 39

(1.1) (0.7)

1,153

31.3

17

(0.9)

31

(0.7)

33

(0.8)

19

(0.8)

#

(†)

15

(0.7)

40

(0.8)

45

(0.8)

798

21.7

7

(0.6)

22

(1.0)

40

(0.9)

31

(1.0)

#

(†)

7

(0.6)

34

(0.9)

59

(1.0)

Characteristic 1

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Asian............................... Hispanic .......................... Hawaii Native/Pacific Islander ..................... American Indian/Alaska Native........................ Other............................... Mother’s highest level of education1 Less than high school ..... High school or equivalent Some college, including vocational.................. Bachelor’s degree or higher........................

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Excludes children with no mother present in household. NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–99 (ECLS-K), fall 1998, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared October 2002.)

Table 48. Percentage distribution of kindergarten teachers and parents indicating the importance of various factors for kindergarten readiness, by control: Fall 1998 Perception of importance for parents and teachers of public kindergarten children Teacher and parent perception of student skills

Not important

Not very important

Somewhat important

Very important

Essential

Not important

Not very important

Somewhat important

Very important

Essential

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1 Kindergarten teachers1 Can count to 20 or more Knows most of the alphabet .................... Takes turns and shares... Sits still and pays attention .................... Is able to use pencils and paint brushes ............ Kindergarten parents2 Can count to 20 or more Knows most of the alphabet .................... Takes turns and shares... Sits still and pays attention .................... Is able to use pencils and paint brushes ............

12

(0.7)

38

(1.3)

36

(1.2)

11

(0.7)

2

(0.3)

10

(2.0)

37

(3.1)

34

(3.0)

12

(2.0)

6

(2.3)

9 #

(0.7) (†)

30 1

(1.2) (0.2)

43 25

(1.2) (1.1)

14 58

(0.9) (1.4)

4 16

(0.5) (1.0)

6 #

(1.4) (†)

26 1

(2.8) (0.4)

41 25

(2.7) (2.5)

19 58

(2.6) (3.2)

8 16

(2.3) (2.4)

1

(0.2)

4

(0.4)

36

(1.4)

47

(1.3)

13

(0.8)

1

(0.5)

3

(1.1)

35

(3.8)

52

(3.1)

10

(2.7)

4

(0.5)

14

(0.9)

47

(1.3)

29

(1.5)

6

(0.5)

5

(1.4)

12

(2.2)

42

(3.1)

32

(3.3)

9

(2.5)

1

(0.1)

6

(0.3)

30

(0.6)

46

(0.7)

17

(0.4)

2

(0.2)

9

(0.6)

33

(1.0)

35

(1.1)

21

(1.0)

1 #

(0.1) (†)

4 #

(0.3) (†)

25 5

(0.6) (0.2)

51 63

(0.8) (0.6)

19 32

(0.4) (0.6)

1 #

(0.2) (†)

7 #

(0.6) (†)

29 7

(1.1) (0.5)

41 55

(1.0) (1.0)

22 38

(1.0) (0.9)

#

(†)

1

(0.1)

14

(0.5)

60

(0.6)

25

(0.5)

#

(†)

2

(0.3)

22

(1.1)

51

(0.9)

25

(0.8)

#

(†)

2

(0.2)

23

(0.5)

53

(0.7)

21

(0.4)

#

(†)

3

(0.4)

27

(1.0)

43

(1.1)

26

(0.9)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. Estimates pertaining to teachers are based on the responses of a nationally representative sample of kindergarten children’s teachers. 2Estimates pertaining to parents are based on the responses of a nationally representative sample of kindergarten children’s parents. 1

Perception of importance for parents and teachers of private kindergarten children

NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–99 (ECLS-K), fall 1998, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared September 2001.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

80

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Table 49. Percentage distribution of kindergarten teachers’ time spent on certain instructional approaches, by control and program: Fall 1998 Public school kindergarten teachers Length of school day and instructional approach 1

Private school kindergarten teachers

No time

Half hour or less

About one hour

About two hours

Three hours or more

No time

Half hour or less

About one hour

About two hours

Three hours or more

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Full-day programs Teacher-directed Whole class activities.. Small group activities .. Individual activities ...... Child selected activities ..

# 1 2 2

(†) (0.2) (0.5) (0.3)

4 18 53 31

(0.7) (1.4) (1.7) (1.8)

28 46 35 52

(1.8) (2.5) (1.3) (2.0)

43 28 9 13

(1.4) (2.3) (1.0) (1.0)

25 8 1 2

(1.6) (1.2) (0.4) (0.5)

# 6 5 3

(†) (2.9) (1.4) (1.6)

15 33 55 35

(3.9) (4.1) (3.9) (3.6)

23 42 29 45

(3.8) (3.8) (3.2) (4.2)

25 16 6 11

(3.3) (2.9) (1.8) (2.5)

37 3 6 6

(4.0) (1.2) (1.5) (2.0)

Part-day programs Teacher-directed Whole class activities.. Small group activities .. Individual activities ...... Child selected activities ..

# 2 9 3

(†) (0.5) (1.2) (0.6)

15 36 73 63

(1.3) (2.5) (2.0) (1.9)

52 46 15 29

(1.9) (2.3) (1.6) (1.7)

27 15 2 4

(2.0) (1.6) (0.5) (1.0)

5 1 1 #

(0.8) (0.4) (0.3) (†)

# 3 9 3

(†) (2.2) (3.9) (2.0)

27 62 72 41

(6.8) (5.7) (6.6) (5.6)

40 26 13 41

(6.9) (5.5) (4.1) (4.9)

30 7 5 12

(5.2) (2.4) (2.7) (5.8)

3 1 2 3

(2.1) (1.2) (1.6) (1.8)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. NOTE: Estimates are based on the responses of a nationally representative sample of kindergarten children’s teachers. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–99 (ECLS-K), fall 1998, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared September 2001.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

81

_

Table 50. Children 3 to 21 years old served in federally supported programs for the disabled, by type of disability: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 Type of disability 1

1976–77 1980–81 1990–91 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1999– 2000 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 12

13

14

15

16

Number served (in thousands) All disabilities..................................

3,694

4,144

4,710

5,036

5,216

5,378

5,573

5,730

5,903

6,055

6,190

6,296

6,407

6,523

6,634

Specific learning disabilities......................

796

1,462

2,129

2,351

2,408

2,489

2,579

2,649

2,725

2,789

2,830

2,843

2,846

2,848

2,831

Speech or language impairments.............

1,302

1,168

985

994

1,014

1,015

1,022

1,043

1,056

1,068

1,078

1,084

1,084

1,412

1,441

Mental retardation.....................................

961

830

534

518

536

555

570

579

589

597

600

599

592

602

593

Emotional disturbance ..............................

283

347

389

400

414

427

438

445

453

462

468

473

476

485

489

Hearing impairments ................................

88

79

58

60

64

64

67

68

69

70

70

70

70

78

79

Orthopedic impairments ...........................

87

58

49

52

56

60

63

66

67

69

71

72

73

83

77

Other health impairments .........................

141

98

55

65

82

106

133

160

190

221

254

292

337

403

464

Visual impairments ...................................

38

31

23

23

24

24

25

25

25

26

26

25

25

29

28

Multiple disabilities....................................

—

68

96

102

108

88

93

98

106

106

111

121

127

138

140

Deaf-blindness..........................................

—

3

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

2

1

2

2

2

Autism and traumatic brain injury .............

—

—

—

19

24

29

39

44

54

67

80

94

118

159

186

Developmental delay ................................

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4

12

19

28

45

283

305

Preschool disabled1 ..................................

—

—

390

450

486

519

544

552

564

568

582

592

612

†

†

Percentage distribution of children served All disabilities..................................

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Specific learning disabilities......................

21.5

35.3

45.2

46.7

46.2

46.3

46.3

46.2

46.2

46.1

45.7

45.2

44.4

43.7

42.7

Speech or language impairments.............

35.2

28.2

20.9

19.7

19.4

18.9

18.3

18.2

17.9

17.6

17.4

17.2

16.9

21.6

21.7

Mental retardation.....................................

26.0

20.0

11.3

10.3

10.3

10.3

10.2

10.1

10.0

9.9

9.7

9.5

9.2

9.2

8.9

Emotional disturbance ..............................

7.7

8.4

8.3

7.9

7.9

7.9

7.9

7.8

7.7

7.6

7.6

7.5

7.4

7.4

7.4

Hearing impairments ................................

2.4

1.9

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.2

Orthopedic impairments ...........................

2.4

1.4

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.3

1.2

Other health impairments .........................

3.8

2.4

1.2

1.3

1.6

2.0

2.4

2.8

3.2

3.6

4.1

4.6

5.3

6.2

7.0

Visual impairments ...................................

1.0

0.7

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

Multiple disabilities....................................

—

1.6

2.0

2.0

2.1

1.6

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.9

2.0

2.1

2.1

Deaf-blindness..........................................

—

0.1

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

Autism and traumatic brain injury .............

—

—

—

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.3

1.5

1.8

2.4

2.8

Developmental delay ................................

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.7

4.3

4.6

Preschool disabled1 ..................................

—

—

8.3

8.9

9.3

9.7

9.8

9.6

9.6

9.4

9.4

9.4

9.6

†

†

Number served as a percent of total enrollment2 All disabilities..................................

8.3

10.1

11.4

11.8

12.0

12.2

12.4

12.6

12.8

13.0

13.2

13.3

13.4

13.5

13.7

Specific learning disabilities......................

1.8

3.6

5.2

5.5

5.5

5.6

5.8

5.8

5.9

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

5.9

5.8

Speech or language impairments.............

2.9

2.9

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.9

3.0

Mental retardation.....................................

2.2

2.0

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

Emotional disturbance ..............................

0.6

0.8

0.9

0.9

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Hearing impairments ................................

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

Orthopedic impairments ...........................

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Other health impairments .........................

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

1.0

Visual impairments ...................................

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Multiple disabilities....................................

—

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

Deaf-blindness..........................................

—

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

Autism and traumatic brain injury .............

—

—

—

#

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.4

Developmental delay ................................

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

#

#

#

0.1

0.1

0.6

0.6

Preschool disabled1 ..................................

—

—

0.9

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.3

†

†

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Includes preschool children ages 3–5 served under Chapter 1 and IDEA, Part B. Prior to 1987–88, these students were included in the counts by disability condition. Beginning in 1987–88, states were no longer required to report preschool children (ages 0–5) by disability condition. Beginning in 2002–03, preschool children were again identified by disability condition. 2 Based on the total enrollment in public schools, prekindergarten through 12th grade. NOTE: Includes students served under Chapter 1 and Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), formerly the Education of the Handicapped Act. Prior to October 1994, children and youth with disabilities were served under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Part B, and Chapter 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. In October 1994, Congress passed the Improving America’s Schools Act, in which funding for children and youth with disabilities was consolidated under IDEA, Part B. Data reported in this table for years prior to

1993–94 include children ages 0–21 served under Chapter 1. Counts are based on reports from the 50 states and the District of Columbia only (i.e., figures from other jurisdictions are not included). Increases since 1987–88 are due in part to new legislation enacted in fall 1986, which mandates public school special education services for all disabled children ages 3 through 5, in addition to age groups previously mandated. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, various years, and unpublished tabulations; and Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) database. Retrieved on April 18, 2005, from http:// www.ideadata.org/tables26th/ar_aa7.htm. National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary Day Schools, various years; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1990–91 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

82

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

=

Table 51. Percentage distribution of disabled students 6 to 21 years old receiving education services for the disabled, by educational environment and type of disability: Fall 1989 through fall 2004 Regular school, outside regular class Type of disability 1

All environments

Less than 21 percent

21–60 percent

More than 60 percent

Separate public school facility

Separate private school facility

Public residential facility

Private residential facility

Homebound/ hospital placement

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

All disabled students 1989........................................................... 1990........................................................... 1991........................................................... 1992........................................................... 1993........................................................... 1994........................................................... 1995........................................................... 1996........................................................... 1997........................................................... 1998........................................................... 1999........................................................... 2000........................................................... 2001...........................................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

31.7 33.1 35.1 40.0 43.7 44.8 45.7 46.1 46.8 46.0 45.9 46.5 48.2

37.5 36.4 36.2 31.5 29.3 28.5 28.5 28.3 28.8 29.9 29.8 29.8 28.5

24.9 25.0 23.4 23.4 22.6 22.4 21.5 21.4 20.4 20.0 20.3 19.5 19.2

3.2 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.7

1.3 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2

0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4

All disabled students .......................

100.0

48.2

28.7

19.0

1.7

1.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

Specific learning disabilities....................... Speech or language impairments.............. Mental retardation...................................... Emotional disturbance ............................... Multiple disabilities..................................... Hearing impairments ................................. Orthopedic impairments ............................ Other health impairments .......................... Visual impairments .................................... Autism........................................................ Deaf-blindness........................................... Traumatic brain injury................................. Developmental delay .................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

46.9 87.0 10.9 28.8 11.5 43.0 45.8 49.5 52.6 24.7 17.3 28.4 46.3

38.6 7.5 30.5 23.0 17.2 19.3 22.2 31.4 17.3 17.8 20.3 34.8 32.4

13.5 4.7 52.6 30.7 47.0 23.7 27.5 15.3 16.5 45.5 32.2 27.9 19.7

0.3 0.1 4.0 7.2 12.5 4.1 2.1 0.9 4.0 5.8 10.5 2.9 0.5

0.4 0.6 0.9 5.2 7.4 2.5 0.6 0.8 1.8 4.6 6.1 3.5 0.9

0.1 # 0.2 1.3 1.0 6.8 0.1 0.1 6.3 0.1 8.5 0.2 0.1

0.1 # 0.3 2.5 1.4 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.9 1.0 4.0 0.7 #

0.2 0.1 0.5 1.4 2.1 0.2 1.6 1.8 0.6 0.4 1.2 1.7 0.2

All disabled students .......................

100.0

49.9

27.7

18.5

1.7

1.1

0.3

0.4

0.5

Specific learning disabilities....................... Speech or language impairments.............. Mental retardation...................................... Emotional disturbance ............................... Multiple disabilities..................................... Hearing impairments ................................. Orthopedic impairments ............................ Other health impairments .......................... Visual impairments .................................... Autism........................................................ Deaf-blindness........................................... Traumatic brain injury................................. Developmental delay .................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

48.8 88.2 11.7 30.3 12.1 45.0 46.8 51.1 54.6 26.8 22.0 34.6 51.2

37.3 6.8 30.3 22.6 17.2 19.1 20.9 30.5 16.9 17.7 14.0 30.0 28.2

13.0 4.6 51.8 30.2 45.8 22.2 26.2 15.0 15.6 43.9 33.6 27.1 18.6

0.3 0.1 4.4 6.6 12.7 4.4 3.6 0.8 3.9 5.6 8.5 2.7 0.6

0.3 0.2 1.0 5.4 7.6 2.5 0.7 0.7 2.0 4.6 8.0 3.3 1.1

0.1 # 0.2 1.1 1.0 6.2 0.1 0.1 5.4 0.1 8.3 0.3 0.1

0.1 # 0.3 2.6 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.9 4.2 0.7 #

0.2 0.1 0.5 1.2 2.2 0.2 1.6 1.6 0.6 0.3 1.4 1.5 0.2

All disabled students .......................

100.0

51.9

26.5

17.6

1.8

1.2

0.3

0.3

0.4

Specific learning disabilities....................... Speech or language impairments.............. Mental retardation...................................... Emotional disturbance ............................... Multiple disabilities..................................... Hearing impairments ................................. Orthopedic impairments ............................ Other health impairments .......................... Visual impairments .................................... Autism........................................................ Deaf-blindness........................................... Traumatic brain injury................................. Developmental delay .................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

51.2 88.3 13.1 32.3 12.8 46.9 48.2 53.7 56.1 29.1 19.4 37.5 56.8

35.8 6.5 29.7 22.0 16.9 18.8 19.5 29.3 16.1 17.8 15.6 28.4 25.2

12.0 4.7 50.8 28.4 45.2 20.9 25.8 13.6 15.0 41.8 35.1 25.9 16.7

0.3 0.1 4.4 7.2 12.7 4.3 4.0 0.8 3.7 5.5 8.5 2.7 0.7

0.4 0.2 1.0 5.8 8.1 2.6 0.8 0.8 2.1 4.7 6.9 3.1 0.2

0.1 # 0.3 1.2 0.9 5.9 0.1 0.1 5.7 0.1 7.6 0.2 0.1

0.1 # 0.3 2.0 1.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.7 2.9 0.6 #

0.2 0.1 0.4 1.2 2.2 0.2 1.5 1.4 0.5 0.3 3.9 1.5 0.2

2002

2003

2004

#Rounds to zero. NOTE: Data are for the 50 United States, the District of Columbia, and the Bureau of Indian Affairs schools taken on the Child Count date of the last Friday in October or December 1. Data by disability status are only reported for 6- to 21-year-old students. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) database. Retrieved January 20, 2006, from http:// www.ideadata.org/docs/PartBTrendData/B4A.xls. (This table was prepared January 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 52. Number and percentage of children served under Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Part B, by age group and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2003–04 Ages 3 to 21

State or jurisdiction 1

Ages 3 to 5

1990–91

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

Disabled students as a percent of public school enrollment, 2003–041

1990–91

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Percent change, ages 3 to 21, 1990–91 to 2003–04

4,710,089

6,190,235

6,295,816

6,407,418

6,523,428

6,633,902

13.7

38.5

389,751

581,997

592,087

612,084

638,394

670,406

94,601 14,390 56,629 47,187 468,420

99,733 17,495 93,333 60,864 640,815

99,828 17,691 96,442 62,222 645,287

96,477 18,017 100,886 63,969 657,671

95,194 18,116 103,488 65,610 669,447

93,056 17,959 112,125 66,793 675,763

12.7 13.4 11.1 14.7 10.5

-1.6 24.8 98.0 41.5 44.3

7,154 1,458 4,330 4,626 39,627

7,316 1,633 9,076 9,031 58,491

7,554 1,637 9,144 9,376 57,651

7,526 1,678 9,906 9,504 58,456

7,854 1,774 10,606 10,007 60,265

7,843 1,968 11,952 10,670 61,950

Colorado ............................................ Connecticut........................................ Delaware............................................ District of Columbia ........................... Florida................................................

56,336 63,886 14,208 6,290 234,509

76,858 74,722 16,287 9,348 356,198

78,715 73,886 16,760 10,559 367,335

80,083 74,016 17,295 12,456 379,609

81,327 74,126 17,817 12,065 390,883

82,447 73,952 18,417 13,242 397,758

10.9 12.8 15.7 17.0 15.4

46.3 15.8 29.6 110.5 69.6

4,128 5,466 1,493 411 14,883

8,059 7,275 1,641 560 29,363

8,202 7,172 1,652 374 30,660

8,581 7,390 1,875 436 32,590

9,200 7,722 1,836 400 34,387

9,673 8,135 2,031 301 35,258

Georgia.............................................. Hawaii ................................................ Idaho.................................................. Illinois................................................. Indiana...............................................

101,762 12,705 21,703 236,060 112,949

164,374 22,964 29,112 287,475 151,599

171,292 23,951 29,174 297,316 156,320

178,239 23,526 29,100 306,355 161,519

184,142 23,509 29,062 311,436 167,584

190,948 23,266 29,092 318,111 171,896

12.5 12.7 11.5 15.1 17.0

87.6 83.1 34.0 34.8 52.2

7,098 809 2,815 22,997 7,243

15,922 1,860 3,626 27,689 14,499

16,560 1,919 3,591 28,787 15,101

17,709 1,930 3,650 29,664 16,347

18,689 2,112 3,684 31,140 17,448

20,260 2,284 3,807 32,718 18,439

Iowa ................................................... Kansas............................................... Kentucky ............................................ Louisiana ........................................... Maine.................................................

59,787 44,785 78,853 72,825 27,987

71,970 60,036 91,521 96,632 35,139

72,461 61,267 94,572 97,938 35,633

73,084 61,873 98,146 99,325 36,580

73,563 63,905 100,298 100,942 37,139

73,717 65,139 103,783 101,933 37,784

15.3 13.8 15.6 14.0 18.7

23.3 45.4 31.6 40.0 35.0

5,421 3,881 10,440 6,703 2,895

5,599 7,334 15,897 9,671 3,954

5,580 7,728 16,372 9,957 3,978

5,487 8,135 17,747 10,061 4,230

5,773 8,685 18,637 10,769 4,482

5,985 9,190 20,219 11,386 4,647

Maryland............................................ Massachusetts................................... Michigan ............................................ Minnesota .......................................... Mississippi .........................................

88,017 149,743 166,511 79,013 60,872

111,711 165,013 213,585 107,860 62,359

112,077 162,216 221,456 109,880 62,281

112,426 150,003 226,061 110,964 62,196

113,128 155,561 231,799 112,626 63,807

113,865 159,042 238,292 114,193 66,848

13.1 16.2 13.6 13.5 13.5

29.4 6.2 43.1 44.5 9.8

7,163 12,141 14,547 8,646 5,642

9,750 14,568 19,236 11,366 6,812

10,003 14,328 19,937 11,522 6,944

10,614 13,070 20,887 11,804 6,902

11,510 13,955 22,325 12,370 7,268

12,105 14,822 23,465 12,987 7,994

Missouri ............................................. Montana............................................. Nebraska ........................................... Nevada .............................................. New Hampshire .................................

101,166 16,955 32,312 18,099 19,049

134,950 19,039 42,577 35,703 28,597

137,381 19,313 42,793 38,160 30,077

141,524 19,262 43,864 40,227 30,270

144,165 19,274 43,891 42,532 30,981

143,593 19,435 44,561 45,201 31,311

15.9 13.1 15.6 11.7 15.1

41.9 14.6 37.9 149.7 64.4

4,100 1,751 2,512 1,401 1,468

10,683 1,614 3,707 3,664 2,193

11,307 1,635 3,724 3,676 2,387

12,222 1,687 3,896 3,976 2,452

13,966 1,728 4,290 4,401 2,570

15,140 1,798 4,445 4,933 2,586

New Jersey ........................................ New Mexico ....................................... New York............................................ North Carolina ................................... North Dakota .....................................

178,870 36,000 307,366 122,942 12,294

214,875 52,346 434,347 173,067 13,612

221,715 52,256 441,333 173,067 13,652

228,844 52,225 440,232 186,972 13,627

235,515 51,904 440,515 190,806 13,901

241,272 51,814 442,665 193,956 14,044

17.5 16.0 15.5 14.3 13.7

34.9 43.9 44.0 57.8 14.2

14,741 2,210 26,266 10,516 1,164

16,058 5,115 50,140 17,361 1,283

16,361 4,970 51,665 17,361 1,247

16,716 5,145 53,313 19,010 1,294

17,433 5,207 54,328 19,921 1,394

18,545 5,656 55,588 21,018 1,501

83

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

United States ............................ Alabama ............................................ Alaska................................................ Arizona .............................................. Arkansas............................................ California ...........................................

Ages 3 to 5

1990–91

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

Disabled students as a percent of public school enrollment, 2003–041

1990–91

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Ohio ................................................... Oklahoma .......................................... Oregon............................................... Pennsylvania...................................... Rhode Island .....................................

205,440 65,457 54,422 214,254 20,646

236,200 83,149 73,531 233,273 29,895

237,643 85,577 75,204 242,655 30,727

238,547 87,801 76,129 249,731 31,816

248,127 91,226 77,100 262,325 32,718

253,878 93,045 76,083 273,259 32,223

13.8 14.9 13.8 15.0 20.2

23.6 42.1 39.8 27.5 56.1

12,487 5,163 2,854 17,982 1,682

19,341 6,077 6,387 21,161 2,651

18,664 6,393 6,926 21,477 2,614

19,075 6,714 7,227 21,885 2,692

19,182 7,414 7,370 23,265 2,830

19,659 7,769 7,453 24,459 2,930

South Carolina................................... South Dakota..................................... Tennessee ......................................... Texas ................................................. Utah ...................................................

77,367 14,726 104,853 344,529 46,606

103,153 16,246 126,732 493,850 54,957

105,922 16,825 125,863 491,642 53,921

110,037 16,931 126,245 492,857 54,570

110,195 17,441 125,389 496,234 56,085

111,077 17,760 122,627 506,771 57,745

15.9 14.1 13.1 11.7 11.6

43.6 20.6 17.0 47.1 23.9

7,948 2,105 7,487 24,848 3,424

11,352 2,267 10,690 36,079 5,899

11,775 2,286 10,699 36,442 5,785

11,967 2,244 11,132 37,244 5,922

11,927 2,362 10,449 37,396 6,381

11,818 2,540 11,121 40,607 6,733

Vermont ............................................. Virginia............................................... Washington........................................ West Virginia...................................... Wisconsin .......................................... Wyoming............................................

12,160 112,072 83,545 42,428 85,651 10,852

14,073 157,995 116,235 50,314 121,209 13,307

13,623 162,212 118,851 50,333 125,358 13,154

13,886 170,518 120,970 50,136 127,035 13,286

13,722 169,558 122,484 50,443 127,031 13,292

13,670 172,788 123,673 50,772 127,828 13,430

13.8 14.5 12.1 18.1 14.5 15.4

12.4 54.2 48.0 19.7 49.2 23.8

1,097 9,892 9,558 2,923 10,934 1,221

1,391 14,023 11,623 5,409 13,934 1,667

1,237 14,444 11,760 5,445 14,383 1,695

1,293 15,145 11,881 5,332 14,574 1,867

1,307 15,691 12,445 5,400 14,802 2,037

1,378 16,422 13,010 5,604 15,393 2,211

Bureau of Indian Affairs .....................

6,997

12,913

8,448

8,571

8,310

8,343

18.2

19.2

1,092

386

338

266

306

344

Other jurisdictions ................... American Samoa ............................... Guam................................................. Northern Marianas ............................ Palau.................................................. Puerto Rico........................................ Virgin Islands .....................................

38,986 363 1,750 411 — 35,129 1,333

63,981 703 2,230 568 123 58,740 1,617

70,670 697 2,267 569 131 65,504 1,502

71,440 813 2,368 590 169 65,874 1,626

74,964 969 2,406 588 — 69,327 1,674

83,948 1,135 2,460 669 — 77,932 1,752

12.7 7.1 7.8 5.9 — 13.3 9.9

115.3 212.7 40.6 62.8 — 121.8 31.4

3,892 48 198 211 — 3,345 90

6,750 55 195 48 11 6,274 167

8,168 48 205 53 10 7,746 106

7,845 64 218 52 13 7,378 120

8,720 102 230 52 — 8,159 177

9,392 138 200 69 — 8,806 179

State or jurisdiction 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. 1Percent of students that are disabled is based on the enrollment in public schools, prekindergarten through 12th grade. NOTE: Prior to 1994, children and youth with disabilities were served under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Part B, and Chapter 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. In October 1994, Congress passed the Improving America’s Schools Act, in which funding for children and youth with disabilities was consolidated under IDEA, Part B. Data reported in this table for years prior to 1994 include children served under Chapter 1. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

Percent change, ages 3 to 21, 1990–91 to 2003–04

2003–04

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, various years, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) database. Retrieved on April 18, 2005, from http://www.ideadata.org/tables26th/ar_aa1.htm and http:// www.ideadata.org/tables27th/ar_aa1.htm. National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 2003–04. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Ages 3 to 21

84

Table 52. Number and percentage of children served under Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Part B, by age group and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2003–04—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

85

_

Table 53. Number and percentage of gifted and talented students in public elementary and secondary schools, by sex and state: 2000 Gifted and talented as a percent of total enrollment, by sex State

Total

Males

Females

Total

Male

2

3

4

5

6

7

United States ..........................................................

2,926,034

1,419,729

1,506,305

6.3

6.0

6.7

Alabama .......................................................................... Alaska.............................................................................. Arizona ............................................................................ Arkansas.......................................................................... California .........................................................................

25,437 5,574 46,638 55,851 411,363

13,264 2,868 21,892 28,296 199,627

12,173 2,706 24,746 27,555 211,736

3.5 4.2 10.5 6.4 6.9

3.5 4.2 9.5 6.3 6.5

3.5 4.2 11.4 6.5 7.3

Colorado .......................................................................... Connecticut...................................................................... Delaware.......................................................................... District of Columbia ......................................................... Florida..............................................................................

45,701 17,470 6,100 — 105,341

22,567 8,415 2,866 — 53,936

23,134 9,055 3,234 — 51,405

6.5 3.3 5.4 — 4.4

6.2 3.1 4.9 — 4.4

6.7 3.5 5.9 — 4.5

Georgia............................................................................ Hawaii .............................................................................. Idaho................................................................................ Illinois............................................................................... Indiana.............................................................................

113,036 11,957 9,204 126,063 62,670

54,421 5,109 4,640 61,073 28,872

58,615 6,848 4,564 64,990 33,798

8.0 6.6 3.8 6.3 6.3

7.5 5.4 3.7 5.9 5.7

8.5 7.8 3.9 6.7 7.0

Iowa ................................................................................. Kansas............................................................................. Kentucky .......................................................................... Louisiana ......................................................................... Maine...............................................................................

39,453 14,952 71,773 24,548 11,668

19,281 8,231 33,830 12,337 5,780

20,172 6,721 37,943 12,211 5,888

8.1 3.3 11.5 3.4 5.4

7.7 3.5 10.5 3.4 5.2

8.6 3.0 12.6 3.5 5.6

Maryland.......................................................................... Massachusetts................................................................. Michigan .......................................................................... Minnesota ........................................................................ Mississippi .......................................................................

100,487 11,263 61,896 61,555 27,873

46,773 5,275 30,171 30,304 13,369

53,714 5,988 31,725 31,251 14,504

12.0 1.2 3.6 7.3 5.6

10.9 1.1 3.4 7.0 5.3

13.1 1.3 3.8 7.6 6.0

Missouri ........................................................................... Montana........................................................................... Nebraska ......................................................................... Nevada ............................................................................ New Hampshire ...............................................................

30,494 8,642 31,555 11,583 3,829

15,710 4,232 15,318 5,958 1,841

14,784 4,410 16,237 5,625 1,988

3.4 5.6 11.3 3.5 1.7

3.5 5.3 10.7 3.5 1.6

3.4 5.9 11.9 3.4 1.9

New Jersey ...................................................................... New Mexico ..................................................................... New York.......................................................................... North Carolina ................................................................. North Dakota ...................................................................

99,418 12,107 94,915 125,536 2,613

47,300 6,644 45,931 59,621 1,279

52,118 5,463 48,984 65,915 1,334

7.8 3.8 3.3 10.0 2.4

7.3 4.1 3.1 9.3 2.3

8.4 3.6 3.5 10.8 2.5

Ohio ................................................................................. Oklahoma ........................................................................ Oregon............................................................................. Pennsylvania.................................................................... Rhode Island ...................................................................

101,656 84,467 41,668 88,483 3,400

50,432 40,904 21,754 45,861 1,548

51,224 43,563 19,914 42,622 1,852

5.5 13.9 7.7 4.9 2.2

5.3 13.1 7.8 4.9 1.9

5.7 14.7 7.6 4.9 2.4

South Carolina................................................................. South Dakota ................................................................... Tennessee ....................................................................... Texas ............................................................................... Utah .................................................................................

66,546 4,370 27,032 351,068 13,707

30,470 2,267 12,688 167,049 6,555

36,076 2,103 14,344 184,019 7,152

9.9 3.4 3.0 9.0 2.9

8.9 3.4 2.7 8.3 2.7

11.0 3.3 3.3 9.7 3.1

Vermont ........................................................................... Virginia............................................................................. Washington...................................................................... West Virginia.................................................................... Wisconsin ........................................................................ Wyoming..........................................................................

1,191 116,914 44,412 6,021 84,872 1,659

563 56,724 21,260 3,232 40,636 753

628 60,190 23,152 2,789 44,236 906

1.1 10.3 4.5 2.1 10.0 1.9

1.0 9.7 4.2 2.2 9.3 1.6

1.2 10.9 4.8 2.1 10.7 2.1

1

—Not available. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights, OCR Elementary and Secondary School Survey: 2000. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Female

86

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

_

Table 54. Enrollment in grades 9 to 12 in public and private schools compared with population 14 to 17 years of age: Selected years, 1889–90 through fall 2005 [In thousands] Enrollment, grades 9 to 121

Enrollment as a ratio of population 14 to 17 years of age3

All schools

Public schools

2

3

4

5

6

1889–90........................................................................... 1899–1900....................................................................... 1909–10........................................................................... 1919–20........................................................................... 1929–30...........................................................................

298 630 1,032 2,414 4,741

203 519 915 2,200 4,399

95 111 117 214 4 341

5,355 6,152 7,220 7,736 9,341

5.6 10.2 14.3 31.2 50.7

1939–40........................................................................... 1949–50........................................................................... 1951–52........................................................................... 1953–54........................................................................... 1955–56...........................................................................

7,059 6,397 6,538 7,038 7,696

6,601 5,725 5,882 6,290 6,873

5

458 672 656 747 823

9,720 8,405 8,516 8,861 9,207

72.6 76.1 76.8 79.4 83.6

1957–58........................................................................... Fall 1959 .......................................................................... Fall 1961 .......................................................................... Fall 1963 .......................................................................... Fall 1965 ..........................................................................

8,790 9,306 10,489 12,170 13,010

7,860 8,271 9,369 10,883 11,610

931 1,035 1,120 1,287 1,400

10,139 11,155 12,046 13,492 14,146

86.7 83.4 87.1 90.2 92.0

Fall 1966 .......................................................................... Fall 1967 .......................................................................... Fall 1968 .......................................................................... Fall 1969 .......................................................................... Fall 1970 ..........................................................................

13,294 13,650 14,118 14,337 14,647

11,894 12,250 12,718 13,037 13,336

1,400 1,400 1,400 6 1,300 1,311

14,398 14,727 15,170 15,549 15,921

92.3 92.7 93.1 92.2 92.0

Fall 1971 .......................................................................... Fall 1972 .......................................................................... Fall 1973 .......................................................................... Fall 1974 .......................................................................... Fall 1975 ..........................................................................

15,053 15,148 15,344 15,403 15,604

13,753 13,848 14,044 14,103 14,304

6 6 6 6 6

1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300

16,326 16,637 16,864 17,033 17,125

92.2 91.0 91.0 90.4 91.1

Fall 1976 .......................................................................... Fall 1977 .......................................................................... Fall 1978 .......................................................................... Fall 1979 .......................................................................... Fall 1980 ..........................................................................

15,656 15,546 15,441 14,916 14,570

14,314 14,203 14,088 13,616 13,231

1,342 1,343 1,353 6 1,300 1,339

17,117 17,042 16,944 16,610 16,143

91.5 91.2 91.1 89.8 90.3

Fall 1981 .......................................................................... Fall 1982 .......................................................................... Fall 1983 .......................................................................... Fall 1984 .......................................................................... Fall 1985 ..........................................................................

14,164 13,805 13,671 13,704 13,750

12,764 12,405 12,271 12,304 12,388

6 6

1,400 1,400 1,400 6 1,400 1,362

15,609 15,057 14,740 14,725 14,888

90.7 91.7 92.7 93.1 92.4

Fall 1986 .......................................................................... Fall 1987 .......................................................................... Fall 1988 .......................................................................... Fall 1989 .......................................................................... Fall 1990 ..........................................................................

13,669 13,323 12,893 12,553 12,488

12,333 12,076 11,687 11,390 11,338

6

1,336 1,247 6 1,206 6 1,163 1,150

14,824 14,502 14,023 13,536 13,329

92.2 91.9 91.9 92.7 93.7

Fall 1991 .......................................................................... Fall 1992 .......................................................................... Fall 1993 .......................................................................... Fall 1994 .......................................................................... Fall 1995 ..........................................................................

12,703 12,882 13,093 13,376 13,697

11,541 11,735 11,961 12,213 12,500

1,162 1,147 1,132 6 1,163 1,197

13,491 13,775 14,096 14,637 15,013

94.2 93.5 92.9 91.4 91.2

Fall 1996 .......................................................................... Fall 1997 .......................................................................... Fall 1998 .......................................................................... Fall 1999 .......................................................................... Fall 2000 ..........................................................................

14,060 14,272 14,428 14,623 14,802

12,847 13,054 13,193 13,369 13,515

6

1,213 1,218 6 1,235 1,254 6 1,287

15,443 15,769 15,829 16,007 16,111

91.0 90.5 91.1 91.4 91.9

Fall 2001 .......................................................................... Fall 2002 .......................................................................... Fall 2003 .......................................................................... Fall 20047 ........................................................................ Fall 20057 ........................................................................

15,061 15,426 15,723 15,998 16,286

13,734 14,067 14,338 14,584 14,847

1,326 1,359 1,384 1,414 1,439

16,172 16,350 16,502 16,831 —

93.1 94.4 95.3 95.0 —

Year 1

—Not available. 1 Includes a relatively small number of secondary ungraded and postgraduate students. 2 Data for 1890 through 1950 are from the decennial censuses of population. Later data are Census Bureau estimates as of July 1 preceding the opening of the school year. 3Gross enrollment ratio based on school enrollment of all ages in grades 9 to 12 divided by the 14- to 17-year-old population. Differs from enrollment rates in other tables, which are based on the enrollment of persons in the given age group only. 4Data are for 1927–28. 5 Data are for 1940–41. 6 Estimated. 7Projected. NOTE: Allocation of ungraded students to secondary levels based on proportions derived from prior years. Includes enrollment in public schools that are a part of state and local

Private schools

Population 14 to 17 years of age2

6

6 6

school systems and also in most private schools, both religiously affiliated and nonsectarian. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Annual Report of the Commissioner of Education, 1890 through 1910; Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1949–50; Statistics of State School Systems, 1951–52 through 1957–58; Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Systems, 1959 through 1980; Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1959 through 1980; Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1981–82 through 2003–04; Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 1987–88 through 2001–02; and Projections of Education Statistics to 2014. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

87

Table 55. Enrollment in foreign language courses compared with enrollment in grades 9 to 12 in public secondary schools: Selected years, fall 1948 through fall 2000 [Number in thousands] Percent change, in enrollment Language

Fall 1948 Fall 1960 Fall 1965 Fall 1968 Fall 1970 Fall 1974 Fall 1976 Fall 1982 Fall 1985 Fall 1990 Fall 1994 Fall 2000

1

1976 to 1990

1990 to 2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

5,602

8,589

11,610

12,718

13,336

14,103

14,314

12,405

12,388

11,338

12,213

13,514

-20.8

19.2

Number enrolled .................. Percent of all students ........

1,170 20.9

2,522 29.4

3,659 31.5

3,890 30.6

3,779 28.3

3,295 23.3

3,174 22.2

2,910 23.3

4,029 32.2

4,257 37.5

5,002 41.0

5,898 43.6

34.1 —

38.6 —

Modern foreign languages Number enrolled .................... Percent of all students ...........

741 13.2

1,867 21.7

3,068 26.4

3,518 27.7

3,514 26.4

3,127 22.1

3,023 21.1

2,740 21.9

3,852 31.1

4,093 36.1

4,813 39.4

5,721 42.3

35.4 —

39.8 —

Spanish Number enrolled ................ Percent of all students........

443 7.9

933 10.9

1,427 12.3

1,698 13.4

1,811 13.6

1,678 11.9

1,717 12.0

1,563 12.5

2,334 18.8

2,611 23.0

3,220 26.4

4,058 30.0

52.1 —

55.4 —

French Number enrolled ................ Percent of all students........

254 4.5

744 8.7

1,251 10.8

1,328 10.4

1,231 9.2

978 6.9

888 6.2

858 6.9

1,134 9.2

1,089 9.6

1,106 9.1

1,075 8.0

22.6 —

-1.3 —

German Number enrolled ................ Percent of all students........

43 0.8

151 1.8

328 2.8

423 3.3

411 3.1

393 2.8

353 2.5

267 2.1

312 2.5

295 2.6

326 2.7

283 2.1

-16.2 —

-4.1 —

Russian Number enrolled ................ Percent of all students........

— —

10 0.1

27 0.2

24 0.2

20 0.2

15 0.1

11 0.1

6 #

6 #

16 0.1

16 0.1

11 0.1

46.6 —

-35.6 —

Italian Number enrolled ................ Percent of all students........

— —

20 0.2

25 0.2

27 0.2

27 0.2

40 0.3

46 0.3

44 0.4

47 0.4

40 0.4

44 0.4

64 0.5

-11.4 —

58.7 —

Japanese3 Number enrolled ................ Percent of all students........

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

25 0.2

42 0.3

51 0.4

— —

102.5 —

Percent of all students........

1 #

9 0.1

9 0.1

18 0.1

15 0.1

23 0.2

9 0.1

3 #

18 0.1

15 0.1

59 0.5

179 1.3

73.0 —

1,102.3 —

Latin Number enrolled .................... Percent of all students ...........

429 7.7

655 7.6

591 5.1

372 2.9

265 2.0

167 1.2

150 1.1

170 1.4

177 1.4

164 1.4

189 1.5

177 1.3

8.9 —

8.3 —

Total enrollment, grades 9 to 12 .................................

1

All foreign languages2

Other modern foreign languages4 Number enrolled ................

—Not available. #Rounds to zero. 1 Estimated. 2 Includes enrollment in ancient Greek (not shown separately). Fewer than 1,000 students were enrolled in this language in each of the years shown. 3 Until 1990, student enrollment in Japanese courses was included in the Other modern foreign languages category.

4

Includes students enrolled in unspecified modern foreign languages. Since 1990, enrollment in Japanese courses is reported as a separate category. NOTE: Percent change computed from unrounded numbers. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1982 through 2000. American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages, Foreign Language Enrollments in U.S. Public Secondary Schools, Fall 2000. (This table was prepared April 2002.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

District characteristic 1

All instructional levels

Elementary schools

Middle or junior high schools

High schools

2

3

4

5

All public school districts ................ 8,210 (229) 130 !

All Combined or ungraded instructional 2 levels schools

Elementary schools

Middle or junior high schools

High schools

Combined or ungraded schools2

All instructional levels

Elementary schools

Middle or junior high schools

High schools

Combined or ungraded schools2

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

6

7

(42) 580 !

(62) 6,250 (198) 1,250 (140)

9 (0.3)

#

(†)

4 ! (0.4)

38 (1.2)

20 (1.8) 327,670 (36,233)

2780 !

(1,564)

6,280 !

(1,247) 222,090 (26,660) 96,530 ! (26,828) (409) 74,160 (7,559) 42,240 ! (24,346) (639) 44,780 (6,148) 38,880 ! (3,490) (1,030) 103,150 (24,010) 15,410 ! (11,373)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

District enrollment size Less than 2,500 .............. 4,520 (175) 2,500 to 9,999................. 1,670 (119) 10,000 or more ............... 2,020 (113)

40 ! 20 ! 60 !

(30) 190 ! (9) 160 ! (31) 240 !

(45) 3,300 (161) (35) 1,360 (100) (27) 1,590 (94)

990 (123) 130 (39) 120 (19)

15 (0.6) 6 (0.4) 6 (0.3)

# # #

(†) (†) (†)

4 ! (0.8) 3 ! (0.8) 4 ! (0.5)

44 (2.1) 31 (2.0) 33 (1.9)

29 (2.9) 117,730 (24,742) 11 (3.0) 85,640 (7,597) 8 (1.6) 124,300 (25,922)

80 ! 230 ! 2,480 !

(63) (125) (1,563)

1,260 ! 1,750 ! 3,270 !

Metropolitan status Urban .............................. 960 (110) Suburban ........................ 2,980 (168) Rural ............................... 4,260 (162)

50 ! 30 ! 40 !

(30) 90 ! (17) 280 ! (28) 210 !

(22) 760 (86) (41) 2,400 (145) (47) 3,090 (115)

60 (13) 270 (52) 920 (124)

5 (0.5) 7 (0.4) 15 (0.6)

# # #

(†) (†) (†)

3 ! (0.6) 4 ! (0.6) 4 ! (1.0)

25 (2.7) 34 (1.7) 47 (1.7)

4 (1.3) 103,390 (25,612) 13 (2.4) 123,410 (27,446) 32 (2.9) 100,870 (8,232)

2,390 ! 110 ! 270 !

(1,565) (64) (151)

2,120 ! 2,520 ! 1,640 !

(996) (683) (465)

63,020 (25,477) 35,860 ! (1,650) 81,500 (8,967) 39,280 ! (25,200) 77,570 (7,122) 21,390 ! (4,196)

Region Northeast ........................ 820 (88) Southeast........................ 1,960 (128) Central ............................ 3,010 (174) West................................ 2,410 (172)

30 ! 40 ! 40 ! 20 !

(16) 30 ! (26) 220 ! (28) 150 ! (14) 180 !

(17) 670 (76) (34) 1,520 (108) (34) 2,320 (123) (37) 1,750 (141)

100 170 510 460

(30) (35) (90) (82)

5 10 12 8

(0.5) (0.5) (0.6) (0.5)

# # # #

(†) (†) (†) (†)

1! 6! 3! 4!

25 45 47 31

12 14 28 20

(3.7) 42,070 (23,613) (2.3) 59,010 (6,454) (4.6) 108,140 (7,378) (2.6) 118,450 (27,630)

100 ! 1,390 ! 940 ! 350 !

(62) (1,230) (590) (224)

190 ! 2,530 ! 1,050 ! 2,510 !

(133) (725) (365) (996)

17,420 (3,715) 24,350 ! (23,364) 50,410 (6,311) 4,680 ! (1,255) 60,560 (6,597) 45,590 ! (2,823) 93,700 (25,509) 21,900 ! (11,645)

Poverty concentration Less than 10 percent ...... 2,260 (144) 10 to 19 percent.............. 3,390 (154) 20 percent or more ......... 2,420 (134)

30 ! 70 ! 30 !

(16) 200 ! (39) 240 ! (9) 150 !

(33) 1,700 (113) (34) 2,560 (141) (42) 1,900 (115)

330 520 350

(78) (84) (72)

8 (0.5) 10 (0.4) 9 (0.5)

# # #

(†) (†) (†)

4 ! (0.6) 4 ! (0.6) 4 ! (1.0)

77,380 (13,761) 97,300 (10,003) 93,280 (23,194)

570 ! 1,450 ! 760 !

(535) (1,229) (338)

2,030 ! 1,710 ! 2,540 !

(669) (395) (1,030)

57,320 (8,000) 17,470 ! (11,325) 77,810 (8,286) 16,330 ! (4,264) 83,100 (23,339) 6,880 ! (1,783)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. !Interpret data with caution. 1Enrollment is based on students regularly enrolled in the districts. Enrollments include duplicated counts of students, since districts were instructed to count a student enrolled in each course in which he or she was enrolled. 2Combined or ungraded schools are those in which the grades offered in the school span both elementary and secondary grades or that are not divided into grade levels.

(0.6) (0.9) (0.8) (0.7)

(2.7) (2.7) (1.7) (2.0)

36 (2.0) 40 (1.7) 40 (2.0)

29 (5.5) 23 (3.2) 16 (3.1)

NOTE: Percentages are based on unrounded numbers. Percentages are based on the estimated 89,310 public schools in the nation in 2002–03. For the FRSS study sample, there were 3 cases for which district enrollment size was missing and 112 cases for which poverty concentration was missing. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding or missing data. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Fast Response Survey System (FRSS), “Distance Education Courses for Public Elementary and Secondary School Students: 2002–03,” FRSS 84, 2003. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Enrollment

Enrollment in distance education courses1

Number of schools with students enrolled in distance education courses Percent of schools with students enrolled in distance education courses

88

Table 56. Number and percentage of schools with students enrolled in distance education courses and enrollment in distance education courses, by instructional level and district characteristics: 2002–03

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Private Elementary and Secondary Schools

89

e t av i rP Table 57. Private elementary and secondary enrollment, teachers, and schools, by orientation of private schools and selected school characteristics: Fall 2001 Teachers1

Kindergarten to grade 12 enrollment Total

Catholic

2

3

4

5

6

7

Total............................

5,341,513

2,515,524

1,924,874

901,114

425,406

155,514

166,005

103,887

29,273

8,207

14,388

6,678

Level of school Elementary...................... Secondary....................... Combined .......................

2,883,010 835,328 1,623,175

1,793,593 615,711 106,220

783,676 123,843 1,017,355

305,741 95,773 499,600

202,071 67,318 156,017

103,897 42,671 8,946

64,549 12,096 89,361

33,625 12,551 57,711

17,427 2,704 9,142

6,763 1,110 335

7,367 747 6,275

3,297 847 2,533

School enrollment Less than 50 ................... 50 to 149......................... 150 to 299....................... 300 to 499....................... 500 to 749....................... 750 or more ....................

232,342 765,056 1,408,132 1,223,135 829,642 883,205

7,026 163,222 748,451 699,302 480,667 416,856

150,807 407,906 479,634 361,396 240,301 284,829

74,509 193,927 180,047 162,436 108,674 181,520

32,476 80,269 104,858 87,317 57,324 63,161

977 14,247 46,542 41,890 27,160 24,698

19,856 40,744 38,544 28,303 18,315 20,243

11,643 25,279 19,772 17,124 11,849 18,221

8,955 8,336 6,554 3,199 1,392 836

210 1,562 3,398 1,813 810 415

5,938 4,529 2,302 958 400 261

2,808 2,245 854 427 182 161

Percent minority students None ............................... 1 to 9 percent.................. 10 to 29 percent.............. 30 to 49 percent.............. 50 percent or more .........

303,880 2,232,596 1,458,232 433,749 913,056

49,725 1,181,229 598,849 208,004 477,718

236,288 795,358 470,477 136,020 286,732

17,867 256,008 388,907 89,726 148,606

27,013 169,073 125,852 34,833 68,636

3,502 72,785 38,782 12,566 27,880

21,425 67,820 40,492 11,389 24,879

2,085 28,468 46,578 10,878 15,877

3,961 9,592 7,163 2,560 5,997

368 3,658 1,784 644 1,753

3,131 4,510 3,007 1,034 2,706

462 1,423 2,372 882 1,539

Community type Central city ...................... Urban fringe/large town .. Rural/small town .............

2,276,808 2,276,823 787,882

1,142,738 1,140,523 232,263

745,261 783,038 396,575

388,809 353,262 159,044

176,559 176,173 72,674

70,187 68,597 16,730

62,523 66,066 37,417

43,849 41,511 18,527

10,117 10,948 8,209

3,415 3,420 1,372

4,136 4,779 5,473

2,566 2,749 1,363

Total............................

(26,746.8)

(11,607.2)

(12,812.8)

(15,869.1)

(3,022.3)

(822.3)

(1,857.3)

(1,849.7)

(336.4)

(48.6)

(227.7)

(193.0)

Level of school Elementary...................... Secondary....................... Combined .......................

(14,519.5) (3,438.2) (15,716.5)

(9,608.4) (2,292.7) (1,758.9)

(5,813.3) (2,004.7) (11,080.2)

(8,303.5) (2,001.1) (11,019.0)

(1,137.6) (362.7) (2,333.4)

(603.0) (262.5) (179.4)

(452.1) (101.5) (1,779.3)

(701.5) (199.7) (1,550.2)

(184.6) (62.7) (232.5)

(38.0) (6.3) (21.2)

(124.2) (20.2) (199.7)

(121.7) (47.6) (96.5)

School enrollment Less than 50 ................... 50 to 149......................... 150 to 299....................... 300 to 499....................... 500 to 749....................... 750 or more ....................

(5,591.1) (10,884.8) (8,751.8) (6,561.4) (5,053.4) (11,013.5)

(277.8) (2,086.5) (4,036.9) (4,750.7) (0.0) (5,418.6)

(4,112.5) (9,146.9) (4,831.0) (1,510.7) (5,053.4) (2,415.1)

(4,136.5) (4,094.4) (5,509.4) (4,074.1) (0.0) (8,108.7)

(726.8) (1,648.4) (564.4) (478.7) (408.3) (1,468.1)

(23.2) (207.7) (297.2) (343.5) (0.0) (313.5)

(552.6) (1,517.5) (332.0) (160.8) (408.3) (112.1)

(497.4) (506.5) (288.6) (251.0) (0.0) (1,383.6)

(235.6) (140.5) (44.2) (17.6) (8.4) (10.0)

(11.0) (26.1) (19.5) (11.9) (0.0) (5.1)

(187.6) (115.8) (28.5) (4.0) (8.4) (2.2)

(154.7) (59.1) (25.6) (12.1) (0.0) (7.6)

Percent minority students None ............................... 1 to 9 percent.................. 10 to 29 percent.............. 30 to 49 percent.............. 50 percent or more .........

(6,606.9) (12,911.9) (9,345.5) (4,739.3) (15,930.5)

(2,302.9) (4,829.2) (7,103.4) (258.5) (3,918.4)

(6,051.9) (9,178.1) (3,192.6) (2,184.6) (4,164.5)

(1,655.6) (5,600.6) (6,535.2) (3,606.8) (11,139.0)

(437.2) (1,684.9) (726.9) (349.0) (2,050.8)

(149.3) (286.7) (413.6) (47.3) (410.7)

(410.4) (1,544.5) (342.8) (108.8) (385.7)

(129.4) (480.3) (525.0) (305.2) (1,610.1)

(139.1) (143.0) (126.6) (50.7) (123.3)

(8.5) (25.5) (17.8) (3.7) (25.6)

(115.8) (105.6) (89.4) (20.2) (89.2)

(65.9) (69.7) (88.0) (42.5) (53.8)

Community type Central city ...................... Urban fringe/large town .. Rural/small town .............

(23,936.4) (11,361.1) (10,437.7)

(10,430.4) (4,477.7) (0.0)

(6,096.5) (6,384.6) (9,971.6)

(14,174.0) (7,314.4) (2,237.8)

(2,487.2) (868.5) (1,743.5)

(742.6) (320.9) (0.0)

(1,807.1) (497.1) (233.1)

(460.9) (575.7) (1,720.0)

(202.7) (126.8) (222.1)

(36.5) (28.0) (0.0)

(82.7) (60.7) (206.8)

(133.0) (87.0) (81.2)

1

Nonsectarian

Total

Schools

Other religious

Selected school characteristic

Catholic

Other religious

Nonsectarian

Total

Catholic

Other religious

Nonsectarian

8

9

10

11

12

13

Number

Standard errors

1

The teacher estimates are for full-time-equivalent (FTE) teachers. NOTE: Includes special education, vocational/technical education, and alternative schools. Includes only schools that offer first or higher grade. Excludes prekindergarten students. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 2001–2002. (This table was prepared September 2004.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

90

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Private Elementary and Secondary Schools

Table 58. Private elementary and secondary school staff and student to staff ratios, by school level, orientation of school, and type of staff: 1999–2000 Full-time-equivalent staff Orientation of school and type of staff 1

Students per full-time-equivalent staff member

Total

Elementary1

Secondary2

Combined3

Total

Elementary1

Secondary2

Combined3

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Total...........................................

662,524

(15,864)

309,282

106,572

246,671

7.9

(0.07)

9.4

7.7

6.2

Principals ...........................................

24,430

(414.1)

13,484

2,509

8,437

215.4

(4.81)

216.6

326.4

180.5

Assistant principals............................

10,159

(455.4)

4,112

2,262

3,784

518.1

(15.44)

710.2

362.1

402.5

Other managers.................................

16,628

(612.2)

6,024

4,261

6,343

316.5

(7.93)

484.9

192.2

240.1

Instruction coordinators .....................

5,446

(319.4)

1,973

1,212

2,261

966.4

(46.87)

1,480.4

675.7

673.7

Teachers ............................................

402,475

(10,036.6)

193,614

64,665

144,196

13.1

(0.09)

15.1

12.7

10.6

Teacher aides ....................................

42,877

(2,288.6)

20,878

1,285

20,713

122.7

(6.59)

139.9

637.1

73.5

Guidance counselors.........................

10,477

(520.4)

2,972

3,404

4,100

502.3

(21.89)

982.7

240.6

371.5

Librarians/media specialists ..............

10,540

(374.2)

5,444

1,814

3,281

499.3

(12.05)

536.5

451.3

464.2

Library/media center aides ................

4,990

(331.7)

2,488

715

1,787

1,054.8

(74.09)

1,173.7

1,145.7

852.6

Nurses ...............................................

6,598

(297.4)

2,631

990

2,977

797.6

(30.69)

1,110.0

827.4

511.6

Student support staff4 ........................

19,114

(1,263.7)

6,413

2,016

10,685

275.3

(18.38)

455.5

406.1

142.6

Secretaries/clerical staff ....................

38,918

(992.4)

16,900

7,755

14,263

135.2

(2.21)

172.8

105.6

106.8

Food service personnel .....................

24,397

(766.1)

11,251

5,048

8,098

215.7

(5.96)

259.6

162.2

188.1

Custodial and maintenance ...............

36,990

(1,192.6)

16,780

7,075

13,135

142.3

(2.86)

174.1

115.7

116.0

Other employees5 ..............................

8,486

(1,053.3)

4,318

1,559

2,610

620.1

(75.81)

676.4

525.3

583.7

Catholic Total...........................................

234,928

(2,717.3)

153,807

64,508

16,612

10.8

(0.07)

11.8

9.6

7.4

Principals ...........................................

7,317

(95.7)

5,822

1,094

401

348.3

(4.87)

310.9

563.1

304.7

Assistant principals............................

3,389

(133.1)

1,712

1,374

303

752.1

(28.57)

1,057.7

448.5

402.7

Other managers.................................

4,739

(162.7)

1,825

2,443

471

537.9

(15.95)

991.9

252.3

259.5

Instruction coordinators .....................

1,306

(118.8)

480

647

179

1,951.7

(177.42)

3,775.0

951.8

682.9

Teachers ............................................

151,594

(1,749.0)

98,883

41,868

10,843

16.8

(0.11)

18.3

14.7

11.3

Teacher aides ....................................

10,168

(425.7)

9,184

187

797

250.7

(11.43)

197.1

3,297.5

153.4

Guidance counselors.........................

4,323

(198.3)

1,661

2,318

344

589.5

(24.15)

1,089.8

265.8

355.2

Librarians/media specialists ..............

4,808

(101.7)

3,325

1,192

292

530.1

(10.83)

544.4

517.1

419.1

Library/media center aides ................

2,112

(129.6)

1,514

474

123

1,207.0

(77.02)

1,195.5

1,299.9

991.3

Nurses ...............................................

2,246

(84.3)

1,684

456

105

1,134.8

(42.68)

1,074.7

1,350.7

1,159.8

Student support staff4 ........................

4,493

(204.4)

3,337

684

473

567.3

(27.00)

542.5

901.4

258.6

Secretaries/clerical staff ....................

13,559

(307.5)

7,936

4,553

1,070

188.0

(3.29)

228.1

135.3

114.2

Food service personnel .....................

10,024

(322.0)

6,647

2,929

448

254.3

(7.91)

272.3

210.3

273.0

Custodial and maintenance ...............

13,217

(329.4)

8,617

3,876

724

192.8

(3.95)

210.1

159.0

168.7

Other employees5 ..............................

1,634

(173.0)

1,181

414

39

1,560.0

(172.78)

1,533.1

1,490.0

3,103.3

Other religious orientation Total...........................................

237,799

(9,461.0)

100,215

17,750

119,834

7.9

(0.12)

8.3

6.5

7.7

Principals ...........................................

11,286

(316.9)

5,015

676

5,595

165.9

(6.18)

165.7

170.3

165.5

Assistant principals............................

3,759

(262.0)

1,543

357

1,859

498.0

(26.71)

538.7

322.3

497.9

Other managers.................................

5,821

(373.4)

2,214

764

2,842

321.6

(15.01)

375.4

150.5

325.7

Instruction coordinators .....................

1,837

(125.7)

719

187

930

1,019.0

(66.66)

1,155.2

614.0

995.2

Teachers ............................................

152,335

(6,417.4)

63,722

10,893

77,720

12.3

(0.17)

13.0

10.6

11.9

Teacher aides ....................................

11,029

(720.3)

5,896

102

5,031

169.7

(9.55)

141.0

1,126.4

184.0

Guidance counselors.........................

3,034

(213.9)

651

560

1,822

617.0

(41.20)

1,276.1

205.3

508.0

Librarians/media specialists ..............

3,558

(244.9)

1,546

290

1,722

526.1

(25.88)

537.5

397.0

537.6

Library/media center aides ................

2,058

(298.1)

762

138

1,158

909.3

(151.55)

1,090.7

832.1

799.3

Nurses ...............................................

1,641

(113.9)

614

155

872

1,141.0

(71.34)

1,354.2

743.1

1,061.6

Student support staff4 ........................

4,090

(595.7)

1,757

335

1,998

457.7

(79.87)

473.1

342.9

463.3

Secretaries/clerical staff ....................

14,420

(679.3)

5,645

1,276

7,499

129.8

(3.50)

147.2

90.1

123.5

Food service personnel .....................

7,649

(461.0)

2,988

715

3,946

244.7

(12.40)

278.1

161.0

234.6

Custodial and maintenance ...............

12,187

(576.0)

5,344

1,221

5,622

153.6

(5.56)

155.5

94.2

164.7

Other employees5 ..............................

3,096

(483.2)

1,799

81

1,216

604.7

(85.12)

462.0

1,411.9

761.6

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Private Elementary and Secondary Schools

91

Table 58. Private elementary and secondary school staff and student to staff ratios, by school level, orientation of school, and type of staff: 1999–2000—Continued Full-time-equivalent staff Orientation of school and type of staff

Total

1

Elementary

1

Students per full-time-equivalent staff member

Secondary

2

Combined

3

Total

Elementary1

Secondary2

Combined3

6

7

8

9

2

3

4

5

Non-sectarian Total...........................................

189,798

(9,078.0)

55,260

24,313

110,225

4.4

(0.16)

5.1

3.6

4.3

Principals ...........................................

5,827

(268.4)

2,647

739

2,441

144.5

(10.10)

105.5

118.7

194.7

Assistant principals............................

3,011

(315.0)

858

531

1,622

279.7

(18.70)

325.5

165.2

293.0

Other managers.................................

6,069

(344.4)

1,985

1,054

3,030

138.8

(8.84)

140.7

83.2

156.9

Instruction coordinators .....................

2,303

(247.8)

774

377

1,152

365.7

(33.06)

360.9

232.6

412.6

Teachers ............................................

98,546

(5,270.8)

31,009

11,904

55,633

8.5

(0.21)

9.0

7.4

8.5

Teacher aides ....................................

21,680

(2,073.9)

5,799

996

14,885

38.9

(4.44)

48.2

88.0

31.9

Guidance counselors.........................

3,120

(370.5)

660

526

1,934

270.0

(31.16)

423.3

166.8

245.7

Librarians/media specialists ..............

2,174

(154.8)

573

333

1,268

387.5

(21.85)

487.6

263.4

374.9

Library/media center aides ................

820

(87.3)

212

103

505

1,027.8

(89.82)

1,317.1

855.8

941.2

Nurses ...............................................

2,712

(251.0)

333

379

2,000

310.6

(29.93)

838.5

231.6

237.6

Student support staff4 ........................

10,530

(1,055.5)

1,319

997

8,214

80.0

(8.55)

211.7

88.0

57.9

Secretaries/clerical staff ....................

10,939

(509.1)

3,318

1,926

5,694

77.0

(4.55)

84.2

45.5

83.5

Food service personnel .....................

6,724

(547.3)

1,616

1,404

3,704

125.3

(10.86)

172.8

62.5

128.3

Custodial and maintenance ...............

11,587

(881.6)

2,819

1,978

6,789

72.7

(3.43)

99.1

44.3

70.0

Other employees5 ..............................

3,757

(891.3)

1,338

1,064

1,355

224.2

(66.13)

208.7

82.4

350.9

1 Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and 2Schools with no grade lower than 7. 3 Schools with grades lower than 7 and higher than 8. 4

with no grade higher than 8.

Includes student support services professional staff, such as school psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists, and speech therapists. 5 Includes health and other noninstructional aides, and other employees not identified by function.

NOTE: Data are based on a sample survey and may not be strictly comparable with data reported elsewhere. Excludes prekindergarten students from calculations. Includes only schools that offer first or higher grade. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Private School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared September 2002.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

92

Table 59. Private elementary and secondary enrollment and schools, by level, orientation of school, and amount of tuition: 1999–2000

1

Average tuition paid by students2 (in current dollars)

Schools

Total

Elementary

Secondary

Combined

Total

Elementary

Secondary

Combined

Total

Elementary

Secondary

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Total................................ 5,262,849 (131,001) 2,920,685

Combined 13

(55,056)

818,924

(34,102) 1,523,240

(88,816)

27,223

(239)

16,562

(278)

2,583

(126)

8,078

(276)

4,689

(254.3)

3,267

(128.3)

6,053 (1,529.3)

6,779

(798.1)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Catholic................................... 2,548,710 Less than $1,000 ................ 96,005 $1,000 to $2,499................. 896,722 $2,500 to $4,999................. 1,187,064 $5,000 or more ................... 343,100

(23,352) 1,810,329 (11,831) 90,239 (35,364) 864,768 (38,390) 811,753 (25,947) ‡

(18,134) (11,668) (34,819) (36,781) (†)

616,195 ‡ ‡ 340,114 248,441

(25,935) (†) (†) (13,927) (22,456)

122,187 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(15,613) (†) (†) (†) (†)

7,934 637 3,372 3,290 635

(41) (71) (130) (115) (53)

6,534 599 3,234 2,595 ‡

(68) (70) (130) (117) (†)

1,099 ‡ ‡ 610 390

(56) (†) (†) (29) (43)

300 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(28) (†) (†) (†) (†)

3,236 — — — —

(439.8) (†) (†) (†) (†)

2,451 — — — —

(109.4) (†) (†) (†) (†)

4,845 — — — —

(253.7) (†) (†) (†) (†)

6,780 (1,159.7) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

Other religious ........................ 1,871,851 Less than $1,000 ................ 46,076 $1,000 to $2,499................. 470,294 $2,500 to $4,999................. 974,322 $5,000 or more ................... 347,241

(86,781) (9,241) (35,589) (66,674) (30,691)

831,062 21,441 206,454 482,069 108,075

(41,035) (4,698) (31,093) (27,490) (12,268)

115,008 ‡ ‡ 44,830 54,962

(10,980) (†) (†) (7,544) (8,719)

925,780 ‡ 256,317 447,424 184,204

(66,926) (†) (22,430) (59,108) (21,425)

12,518 1,073 5,160 4,971 1,314

(271) (187) (293) (223) (88)

6,614 656 2,317 3,072 569

(231) (175) (196) (174) (73)

718 ‡ ‡ 249 301

(76) (†) (†) (38) (32)

5,186 ‡ 2,753 1,649 444

(243) (†) (242) (139) (55)

4,063 — — — —

(936.7) (†) (†) (†) (†)

3,503 — — — —

(609.1) (†) (†) (†) (†)

6,536 — — — —

(787.7) (†) (†) (†) (†)

4,260 (1,240.4) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

Non-sectarian ......................... Less than $1,000 ................ $1,000 to $2,499................. $2,500 to $4,999................. $5,000 or more ...................

842,288 ‡ ‡ 123,021 594,785

(61,373) (†) (†) (15,855) (41,506)

279,294 ‡ ‡ 61,568 193,555

(28,987) (†) (†) (10,615) (30,243)

87,721 ‡ ‡ ‡ 70,634

(11,774) (†) (†) (†) (10,962)

475,273 ‡ ‡ ‡ 330,597

(43,377) (†) (†) (†) (15,481)

5,135 ‡ ‡ 1,384 3,302

(156) (†) (†) (184) (202)

2,781 ‡ ‡ 1,084 1,350

(153) (†) (†) (200) (149)

586 ‡ ‡ ‡ 521

(90) (†) (†) (†) (94)

1,769 ‡ ‡ ‡ 1,431

(151) (†) (†) (†) (129)

10,992 — — — —

(928.4) (†) (†) (†) (†)

7,884 (1,727.8) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

14,638 (1,279.2) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

12,363 (3,043.5) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

Not reported/missing ..............

137,927

—

37,752

—

11,118

—

89,057

—

1,637

—

634

—

180

—

823

—

—

(†)

—Not available. † Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Only includes kindergarten students who attend schools that offer first or higher grade. 2 Tuition weighted by the number of students enrolled in schools.

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

NOTE: Data are based on a sample survey and may not be strictly comparable with data reported elsewhere. Elementary schools have grade 6 or lower and no grade higher than 8. Secondary schools have no grade lower than 7. Combined schools have grades lower than 7 and higher than 8. Excludes prekindergarten students. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and cell suppression. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Private School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared in June 2002.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Private Elementary and Secondary Schools

Kindergarten through 12th-grade enrollment1

School orientation and tuition

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Private Elementary and Secondary Schools

93

Table 60. Summary statistics on Catholic elementary and secondary schools, by level: Selected years, 1919–20 through 2004–05 Number of schools School year

Enrollment

Instructional staff

Total

Elementary

Secondary

Total

Elementary

Secondary

Total

Elementary

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1919–20..............................

8,103

6,551

1,552

1,925,521

1,795,673

129,848

1

1929–30..............................

10,046

7,923

2,123

2,464,467

2,222,598

241,869

1 72,552

1 58,245

1 14,307

361,123

1

81,057

1

60,081

1

20,976

1

94,295

1

66,525

1

27,770

1

1939–40..............................

10,049

7,944

2,105

2,396,305

2,035,182

1

49,516

Secondary 10 1

41,592

7,924

1949–50..............................

10,778

8,589

2,189

3,066,387

2,560,815

505,572

Fall 1960 .............................

12,893

10,501

2,392

5,253,791

4,373,422

880,369

1

151,902

1

108,169

1 43,733

1969–70..............................

11,352

9,366

1,986

4,367,000

3,359,000

1,008,000

2

195,400

2

133,200

2

1970–71..............................

11,350

9,370

1,980

4,363,566

3,355,478

1,008,088

166,208

112,750

53,458

1974–75..............................

10,127

8,437

1,690

3,504,000

2,602,000

902,000

150,179

100,011

50,168

1975–76..............................

9,993

8,340

1,653

3,415,000

2,525,000

890,000

149,276

99,319

49,957

1979–80..............................

9,640

8,100

1,540

3,139,000

2,293,000

846,000

147,294

97,724

49,570

1980–81..............................

9,559

8,043

1,516

3,106,000

2,269,000

837,000

145,777

96,739

49,038

1981–82..............................

9,494

7,996

1,498

3,094,000

2,266,000

828,000

146,172

96,847

49,325

1982–83..............................

9,432

7,950

1,482

3,007,189

2,211,412

795,777

146,460

97,337

49,123

1983–84..............................

9,401

7,937

1,464

2,969,000

2,179,000

790,000

146,913

98,591

48,322

1984–85..............................

9,325

7,876

1,449

2,903,000

2,119,000

784,000

149,888

99,820

50,068

1985–86..............................

9,220

7,790

1,430

2,821,000

2,061,000

760,000

146,594

96,741

49,853

1986–87..............................

9,102

7,693

1,409

2,726,000

1,998,000

728,000

141,930

93,554

48,376

1987–88..............................

8,992

7,601

1,391

2,623,031

1,942,148

680,883

139,887

93,199

46,688

1988–89..............................

8,867

7,505

1,362

2,551,119

1,911,911

639,208

137,700

93,154

44,546

1989–90..............................

8,719

7,395

1,324

2,589,000

1,983,000

606,000

136,900

94,197

42,703

62,200

1990–91..............................

8,587

7,291

1,296

2,475,439

1,883,906

591,533

131,198

91,039

40,159

1991–92..............................

8,508

7,239

1,269

2,442,924

1,856,302

586,622

153,334

109,084

44,250

1992–93..............................

8,423

7,174

1,249

2,444,842

1,860,937

583,905

154,816

109,825

44,991

1993–94..............................

8,345

7,114

1,231

2,444,609

1,859,947

584,662

157,201

112,199

1994–95..............................

8,293

7,055

1,238

2,475,207

1,877,782

597,425

3

164,219

3

117,620

3

46,599

1995–96..............................

8,250

7,022

1,228

2,491,111

1,884,461

606,650

3

166,759

3

118,753

3

48,006

1996–97..............................

8,231

7,005

1,226

2,497,198

1,885,037

612,161

3

153,276

3

107,548

3 45,728

1997–98..............................

8,223

7,004

1,219

2,497,894

1,879,737

618,157

3

152,259

3

105,717

3 46,542

620,277

3

153,081

3

105,943

3 47,138

157,134

3

109,404

3

47,730

1998–99..............................

8,217

6,990

1,227

2,496,488

1,876,211

45,002

1999–2000..........................

8,144

6,923

1,221

2,653,038

2,013,084

639,954

3

2000–01..............................

8,146

6,920

1,226

2,647,301

2,004,037

643,264

3

160,731

3

111,937

3

48,794

2001–02..............................

8,114

6,886

1,228

2,616,330

1,971,627

644,703

3

155,658

3

108,485

3

47,173

2002–03..............................

8,000

6,785

1,215

2,553,277

1,906,870

646,407

3

163,004

3

112,884

3 50,120

2003–04..............................

7,955

6,727

1,228

2,484,252

1,842,918

641,334

3

162,337

3

112,303

3 50,034

626,817

3

160,153

3

107,764

3 52,389

2004–05.............................. 1 Includes 2Includes 3

7,799

6,574

1,225

2,420,590

part-time teachers. estimates for the nonreporting schools. Full-time equivalent. NOTE: Data collected by the National Catholic Educational Association and data collected by the National Center for Education Statistics are not directly comparable because survey procedures and definitions differ. Excludes prekindergarten enrollment. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

1,793,773

SOURCE: National Catholic Educational Association, A Statistical Report on Catholic Elementary and Secondary Schools for the Years 1967–68 to 1969–70, as compiled from the Official Catholic Directory; Catholic Schools in America, 1978; and United States Catholic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1989–90 through 2004–05. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

94

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Private Elementary and Secondary Schools

Table 61. Private elementary and secondary schools, enrollment, teachers, and high school graduates, by state: Selected years, 1991 through 2001 Enrollment1

Schools State 1 2

High school graduates

Teachers

2001

Fall 1991

Fall 1997

Fall 1999

Fall 2001

Fall 2001

2000–01

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

United States ..................

29,273

(336.4) 4,889,545

(26,471) 5,076,118

(15,549) 5,162,684 (25,410.2) 5,341,513 (26,746.8)

425,406

(3,022.3)

278,773

(4,385.4)

Alabama .................................... Alaska........................................ Arizona ...................................... Arkansas.................................... California ...................................

442 86 299 202 3,508

(23.4) (7.9) (24.6) (11.4) (107.1)

69,441 5,520 39,460 22,792 613,067

(8,390) (543) ( 3) ( 3) (16,643)

72,486 6,253 44,991 26,645 609,506

(682) (220) (652) (290) (3,730)

73,352 (2,527.0) 6,172 (63.3) 44,060 (428.2) 26,424 (1,233.1) 619,067 (1,532.5)

76,634 (1,283.1) 6,747 (266.5) 44,360 (1,457.5) 29,290 (439.1) 655,502 (8,815.2)

6,368 657 3,458 2,382 47,033

(192.1) (29.8) (133.6) (74.9) (753.4)

4,234 247 2,079 1,236 30,285

(111.5) (4.9) (28.6) (25.8) (389.3)

Colorado .................................... Connecticut................................ Delaware.................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

376 341 121 90 1,779

(27.0) (18.5) (5.8) (9.2) (94.0)

57,352 67,374 22,803 17,776 205,600

(11,374) ( 3) (3) (322) (2,988)

52,563 69,293 24,193 16,671 273,628

(1,109) (494) (911) (155) (2,359)

52,142 (397.0) 70,058 (224.2) 22,779 (303.1) 16,690 (700.5) 290,872 (8,152.0)

54,450 (1,571.8) 71,147 (1,694.2) 26,365 (260.8) 20,043 (1,931.5) 303,093 (3,799.5)

4,751 7,298 2,144 2,386 25,427

(136.7) (253.4) (37.9) (277.5) (679.7)

2,418 5,126 1,534 1,555 14,038

(43.2) (124.7) (19.7) (142.0) (227.2)

Georgia...................................... Hawaii ........................................ Idaho.......................................... Illinois......................................... Indiana.......................................

660 137 108 1,375 750

(34.3) (6.5) (7.8) (17.2) (24.0)

96,683 36,306 6,644 301,374 99,450

(4,078) (3) ( 3) (1,158) (7,004)

107,065 33,300 9,635 298,620 105,358

(1,477) (350) (203) (1,101) (1,836)

116,407 (4,156.8) 32,193 (168.5) 10,209 (96.0) 299,871 (1,364.5) 105,533 (1,460.5)

117,229 (1,622.4) 40,199 (603.9) 10,291 (362.4) 293,290 (1,700.7) 111,257 (1,865.9)

10,889 3,269 813 19,910 7,809

(260.1) (47.9) (28.0) (133.1) (140.0)

6,622 3,388 461 15,621 4,593

(120.0) (20.9) (9.2) (73.6) (63.5)

Iowa ........................................... Kansas....................................... Kentucky .................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine.........................................

284 226 398 444 145

(5.0) (6.9) (18.6) (13.6) (9.9)

51,431 35,077 65,990 139,248 14,854

(3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) (3)

50,138 40,573 70,731 141,633 17,187

(520) (363) (413) (696) (292)

49,565 43,113 75,084 138,135 18,287

47,647 41,027 72,819 137,266 18,779

(469.0) (1,081.4) (752.0) (2,521.7) (554.8)

3,652 2,985 5,615 9,526 1,896

(49.0) (104.1) (129.7) (207.2) (80.3)

2,667 1,903 3,654 8,398 2,045

(42.9) (41.4) (94.3) (243.0) (44.7)

Maryland.................................... Massachusetts........................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi .................................

785 691 1,060 590 249

(38.1) (24.3) (23.2) (13.5) (10.8)

113,774 125,006 187,095 93,404 58,757

( 3) (3,419) (710) (2,401) (1,377)

129,898 127,165 187,740 90,400 54,529

(937) (1,163) (1,538) (918) (457)

144,131 (4,700.1) 132,154 (506.1) 179,579 (1,553.7) 92,795 (1,046.7) 51,369 (1,357.0)

153,861 (1,858.8) 140,810 (2,323.1) 177,026 (1,963.5) 101,180 (1,141.5) 52,565 (820.4)

13,745 13,688 12,555 7,238 4,268

(321.4) (312.0) (162.8) (98.9) (109.2)

7,666 9,686 9,226 4,563 3,452

(97.8) (130.3) (70.0) (36.0) (86.8)

Missouri ..................................... Montana..................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire .........................

659 109 251 118 162

(15.3) (7.6) (6.4) (9.9) (16.8)

116,440 9,644 39,673 8,482 18,712

(1,884) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) (1,330)

119,534 8,341 40,943 12,847 21,143

(964) (220) (320) (241) (297)

122,387 (1,076.3) 8,711 (88.2) 42,141 (415.0) 13,926 (81.4) 23,383 (192.9)

124,326 (1,404.0) 9,941 (273.2) 43,137 (513.2) 16,623 (496.7) 24,750 (950.5)

9,444 842 2,976 1,211 2,427

(133.2) (25.9) (41.7) (36.9) (128.6)

6,883 543 2,375 605 2,189

(73.0) (12.0) (38.7) (13.1) (63.1)

New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York.................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota .............................

989 219 2,009 706 56

(39.5) (19.2) (86.6) (46.6) (1.2)

209,913 23,236 498,668 63,255 7,518

(8,195) ( 3) (7,158) (5,224) (3)

205,126 19,251 467,520 88,127 7,332

(1,535) (534) (1,821) (1,260) (72)

198,631 (784.5) 23,055 (195.0) 475,942 (1,226.9) 96,262 (3,775.3) 7,148 (97.0)

218,187 (2,832.4) 23,637 (852.1) 492,518 (5,494.7) 103,219 (1,694.2) 6,782 (87.5)

18,121 2,258 39,414 9,681 532

(392.6) (77.2) (786.5) (300.4) (10.6)

12,345 1,362 26,601 4,299 374

(222.2) (23.6) (239.0) (107.6) (5.8)

Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon....................................... Pennsylvania.............................. Rhode Island .............................

1,042 192 374 1,971 119

(18.3) (11.3) (27.5) (216.3) (5.5)

269,064 34,025 30,918 359,440 21,242

(13,362) (9,317) (1,003) (6,920) ( 3)

251,543 27,675 44,290 343,191 25,597

(1,528) (345) (1,364) (4,401) (195)

254,494 31,276 45,352 339,484 24,738

(1,694.3) (1,049.0) (1,286.7) (2,953.6) (126.6)

256,427 (2,187.7) 30,579 (651.2) 45,448 (1,288.7) 331,471 (9,061.7) 26,125 (475.7)

17,044 2,879 3,643 24,543 2,211

(166.2) (83.8) (106.2) (908.5) (75.3)

13,869 1,581 2,517 18,092 1,616

(152.2) (24.9) (42.1) (449.9) (29.9)

South Carolina........................... South Dakota ............................. Tennessee ................................. Texas ......................................... Utah ...........................................

366 97 567 1,362 111

(20.6) (2.3) (32.0) (47.5) (8.8)

46,086 10,539 82,969 170,670 9,836

(2,013) (3) (2,953) (472) (3)

56,169 9,794 84,651 223,294 12,653

(700) (143) (746) (1,703) (201)

55,612 (2,506.1) 9,364 (231.9) 93,680 (3,519.1) 227,645 (7,260.1) 12,614 (114.0)

58,937 (1,063.1) 10,950 (178.9) 92,099 (1,116.1) 241,674 (2,349.1) 16,814 (466.0)

5,282 934 8,167 21,832 1,359

(162.3) (19.4) (197.9) (437.2) (39.5)

2,923 510 5,462 10,500 820

(79.5) (11.7) (82.3) (140.9) (16.6)

Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................ West Virginia.............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming....................................

129 631 606 176 1,066 41

(14.3) (33.8) (44.8) (12.1) (28.8) (3.6)

8,351 80,887 66,556 12,908 142,399 1,840

( 3) (1,872) (2,798) ( 3) (220) (3)

10,823 98,307 76,956 14,640 143,577 2,593

(196) (1,071) (1,462) (225) (1,748) (110)

12,170 (198.6) 100,171 (4,170.8) 76,885 (519.4) 15,895 (974.4) 139,455 (1,828.4) 2,221 (45.1)

13,058 (541.5) 109,993 (1,813.4) 82,189 (2,102.9) 15,737 (305.1) 141,812 (3,173.3) 2,209 (113.4)

1,539 10,617 6,580 1,434 10,424 252

(93.6) (297.3) (171.7) (59.7) (215.3) (12.5)

1,342 5,470 3,526 827 5,387 54

(31.1) (98.7) (36.5) (40.3) (57.0) (2.5)

1Excludes prekindergarten enrollment. 2NCES employed an area frame sample

to account for noninclusion of schools at the national level. However, caution should be exercised in interpreting state-by-state characteristics since the samples were not designed to produce such numbers. 3Insufficient data to compute a standard error. NOTE: Includes special education, vocational/technical education, and alternative schools. Standard errors for states are root mean squared errors to correct for bias in model-based

(445.5) (1,731.0) (1,926.5) (1,982.1) (133.1)

estimates for all years except for 1991–92. Tabulation includes only schools that offer first or higher grade. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 1999–2000 and 2001–2002; and Indirect State-Level Estimation for the Private School Survey, 1999. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

95

s r e h c a e Table T 62. Public elementary and secondary pupil/teacher ratios, by enrollment size, type, and level of school: Fall 1987 through fall 2003 Enrollment size, type, and level of school 1

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

All schools ...........

17.9

17.9

17.9

17.4

17.6

17.7

17.8

17.7

17.8

17.6

17.2

16.9

16.6

16.4

16.3

16.2

16.4

Enrollment size of school Under 300 ......................... 300 to 499......................... 500 to 999......................... 1,000 to 1,499................... 1,500 or more ...................

14.6 17.6 18.5 18.5 19.4

14.8 17.7 18.4 18.3 20.1

14.6 17.6 18.5 18.5 19.4

14.0 17.0 18.0 17.9 19.2

14.1 17.1 18.1 18.2 19.6

14.1 17.0 18.1 18.6 20.0

14.3 17.3 18.2 18.5 19.7

14.1 17.2 18.1 18.6 19.9

14.1 17.1 18.2 18.7 20.0

14.0 16.9 17.9 18.5 20.0

13.7 16.5 17.5 18.1 19.7

13.6 16.2 17.1 17.7 19.3

13.3 15.8 16.8 17.6 19.3

13.1 15.5 16.7 17.4 19.1

12.9 15.4 16.5 17.4 19.0

12.8 15.3 16.5 17.4 18.9

13.0 15.5 16.6 17.6 19.2

Type Regular schools ................ Alternative......................... Special education ............. Vocational .........................

18.1 16.0 6.2 13.0

18.0 14.8 6.9 —

18.1 16.0 6.2 13.0

17.6 14.2 6.5 13.0

17.7 15.8 6.8 12.3

17.8 16.5 7.0 13.0

17.9 17.4 7.4 13.1

17.8 18.0 6.9 12.9

17.9 16.6 7.2 12.7

17.7 16.6 7.4 12.9

17.3 16.5 7.6 12.9

17.0 16.4 7.3 13.1

16.7 15.8 7.2 13.0

16.5 15.2 7.0 12.7

16.4 14.9 6.4 12.7

16.3 14.9 7.0 9.9

16.5 15.0 7.3 10.3

Level and size Elementary schools .......... Regular ......................... Under 300.................. 300 to 499 ................. 500 to 999 ................. 1,000 to 1,499 ........... 1,500 or more............ Secondary schools ........... Regular ......................... Under 300.................. 300 to 499 ................. 500 to 999 ................. 1,000 to 1,499 ........... 1,500 or more............ Combined schools ............ Under 300 ..................... 300 to 499 ..................... 500 to 999 ..................... 1,000 to 1,499 ............... 1,500 or more................

18.6 18.7 16.6 18.3 19.4 20.1 19.5 17.2 17.3 12.4 15.5 16.8 17.9 19.5 15.5 9.5 14.4 17.6 19.0 18.8

18.6 18.7 16.7 18.3 19.4 20.0 18.9 17.2 17.1 12.7 15.4 16.6 17.7 19.5 15.9 9.8 15.3 17.1 18.5 18.8

18.6 18.7 16.6 18.3 19.4 20.1 19.5 17.2 17.3 12.4 15.5 16.8 17.9 19.5 15.5 9.5 14.4 17.6 19.0 18.8

18.1 18.2 16.0 17.6 18.8 19.5 19.9 16.6 16.7 12.3 14.9 16.1 17.2 19.3 14.5 8.9 14.2 16.3 17.8 17.7

18.2 18.2 16.1 17.6 18.8 19.6 20.9 16.9 17.0 12.3 15.1 16.4 17.5 19.6 15.0 9.3 14.3 16.7 17.9 18.6

18.1 18.1 15.9 17.5 18.7 19.7 20.3 17.3 17.4 12.3 15.3 16.7 17.9 20.0 14.8 9.3 14.4 15.6 18.6 18.9

18.2 18.3 16.0 17.7 18.8 19.7 21.2 17.3 17.4 12.6 15.5 16.7 17.8 19.6 15.3 9.6 14.8 16.5 18.6 18.8

18.0 18.0 15.7 17.5 18.5 19.6 20.4 17.5 17.6 12.7 15.7 16.8 17.9 19.9 15.1 9.3 14.4 16.6 18.3 19.5

18.1 18.1 15.7 17.5 18.6 19.7 20.9 17.6 17.7 12.8 15.7 16.9 18.0 20.0 15.0 9.0 14.7 16.6 18.2 19.6

17.8 17.9 15.6 17.2 18.3 19.4 21.2 17.5 17.6 12.7 15.5 16.7 17.9 20.0 14.7 8.7 14.3 16.6 18.4 19.3

17.4 17.4 15.3 16.8 17.8 18.8 20.7 17.3 17.4 12.5 15.3 16.4 17.5 19.7 14.4 8.6 14.0 16.2 18.0 19.3

17.0 17.0 15.1 16.4 17.4 18.4 19.9 17.0 17.1 12.5 15.1 16.2 17.2 19.3 13.4 8.9 13.6 15.5 16.9 18.7

16.7 16.7 14.6 16.1 17.1 18.3 20.0 16.8 16.9 12.0 14.6 16.0 17.1 19.2 13.4 9.1 13.8 14.9 16.9 19.2

16.5 16.5 14.4 15.8 16.9 18.1 20.5 16.6 16.7 12.0 14.5 15.8 16.8 18.9 13.7 9.2 13.5 15.8 17.5 18.6

16.3 16.3 14.1 15.6 16.8 18.0 20.2 16.6 16.7 11.9 14.4 15.7 16.8 18.8 13.4 9.1 13.1 15.6 18.1 18.9

16.2 16.2 13.9 15.5 16.7 18.0 20.3 16.7 16.8 12.0 14.4 15.8 16.9 18.8 13.5 9.1 13.1 16.0 17.7 19.1

16.3 16.3 14.0 15.6 16.8 18.1 20.8 16.9 17.0 12.3 14.7 16.0 17.2 19.0 13.8 9.5 14.4 15.4 17.5 19.2

Ungraded..............................

5.9

6.8

5.9

6.4

6.5

6.9

7.1

6.7

6.9

5.9

6.2

5.9

5.3

7.0

6.3

6.8

9.6

—Not available. NOTE: Pupil/teacher ratios are based on data reported by types of schools rather than by instructional programs within schools. Only includes schools that reported both enrollment and teacher data. Ratios are based on data reported by schools and may differ from data reported in other tables that reflect aggregate totals reported by states.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 1987–88 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

96

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

_

Table 63. Public and private elementary and secondary teachers, enrollment, and pupil/teacher ratios: Selected years, fall 1955 through fall 2014 Teachers (in thousands) Year

Enrollment (in thousands)

Pupil/teacher ratio

Total

Public

Private

Total

Public

Private

Total

Public

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1955.................................... 1960.................................... 1965.................................... 1970....................................

1,286 1,600 1,933 2,292

1,141 1,408 1,710 2,059

1

145 1 192 223 233

35,280 42,181 48,473 51,257

30,680 36,281 42,173 45,894

1

4,600 1 5,900 6,300 5,363

27.4 26.4 25.1 22.4

26.9 25.8 24.7 22.3

1

1971.................................... 1972.................................... 1973.................................... 1974.................................... 1975....................................

2,293 2,337 2,372 2,410 2,453

2,063 2,106 2,136 2,165 2,198

1

230 231 1 236 1 245 1 255

51,271 50,726 50,446 50,073 49,819

46,071 45,726 45,446 45,073 44,819

1

5,200 5,000 1 5,000 1 5,000 1 5,000

22.4 21.7 21.3 20.8 20.3

22.3 21.7 21.3 20.8 20.4

1 22.6

1976.................................... 1977.................................... 1978.................................... 1979.................................... 1980....................................

2,457 2,488 2,479 2,461 2,485

2,189 2,209 2,207 2,185 2,184

268 279 272 1 276 301

49,478 48,717 47,637 46,651 46,208

44,311 43,577 42,551 41,651 40,877

5,167 5,140 5,086 1 5,000 5,331

20.1 19.6 19.2 19.0 18.6

20.2 19.7 19.3 19.1 18.7

19.3 18.4 18.7 1 18.1 17.7

1981.................................... 1982.................................... 1983.................................... 1984.................................... 1985....................................

2,440 2,458 2,476 2,508 2,549

2,127 2,133 2,139 2,168 2,206

1

45,544 45,166 44,967 44,908 44,979

40,044 39,566 39,252 39,208 39,422

1

18.7 18.4 18.2 17.9 17.6

18.8 18.6 18.4 18.1 17.9

1

1

348 352 1 345 377 1 355

45,205 45,487 45,430 45,741 46,451

39,753 40,008 40,189 40,543 41,217

1

5,452 5,479 1 5,242 5,198 1 5,234

17.4 17.3 17.0 16.7 16.9

17.7 17.6 17.3 17.2 17.2

1

355 363 366 1 374 380

47,322 48,145 48,813 49,609 50,502

42,047 42,823 43,465 44,111 44,840

5,275 5,322 5,348 1 5,498 5,662

17.0 17.1 17.0 17.0 17.0

17.3 17.4 17.4 17.3 17.3

1

387 388 1 391 395 1 390

51,375 51,968 52,475 52,876 53,358

45,611 46,127 46,539 46,857 47,204

1

5,764 5,841 1 5,937 6,018 1 6,155

16.8 16.6 16.3 16.0 16.0

17.1 16.8 16.4 16.1 16.0

390 394 1 399 401 404

53,992 54,584 54,860 54,593 54,725

47,672 48,183 48,541 48,270 48,375

6,320 6,401 1 6,319 6,323 6,349

15.9 15.9 15.9 15.6 15.5

15.9 15.9 15.9 15.6 15.5

1

1

313 325 337 1 340 343 1

1

5,500 5,600 5,715 1 5,700 5,557 1

Private 10 31.7 1 30.7 28.3 23.0 1

21.6 21.2 1 20.4 1 19.6 1

17.6

1 17.2

17.0 1 16.8

16.2 15.7 15.6 1 15.2 13.8 1 14.7

1986.................................... 1987.................................... 1988.................................... 1989.................................... 1990....................................

2,592 2,631 2,668 2,734 2,753

2,244 2,279 2,323 2,357 2,398

1991.................................... 1992.................................... 1993.................................... 1994.................................... 1995....................................

2,787 2,822 2,870 2,926 2,978

2,432 2,459 2,504 2,552 2,598

1996.................................... 1997.................................... 1998.................................... 1999.................................... 2000....................................

3,054 3,134 3,221 3,306 3,331

2,667 2,746 2,830 2,911 2,941

2001.................................... 2002.................................... 2003.................................... 20042 .................................. 20052 ..................................

3,390 3,428 3,447 3,501 3,526

3,000 3,034 3,049 3,100 3,122

20062 .................................. 20072 .................................. 20082 .................................. 20092 .................................. 20102 ..................................

3,570 3,601 3,625 3,650 3,680

3,161 3,188 3,209 3,230 3,256

409 413 416 420 424

54,993 55,102 55,154 55,221 55,352

48,574 48,664 48,696 48,740 48,842

6,419 6,439 6,458 6,481 6,510

15.4 15.3 15.2 15.1 15.0

15.4 15.3 15.2 15.1 15.0

15.7 15.6 15.5 15.4 15.3

20112 .................................. 20122 .................................. 20132 .................................. 20142 ..................................

3,718 3,769 3,825 3,887

3,288 3,333 3,382 3,437

430 436 443 451

55,551 55,839 56,225 56,688

49,004 49,248 49,584 49,993

6,547 6,591 6,641 6,695

14.9 14.8 14.7 14.6

14.9 14.8 14.7 14.5

15.2 15.1 15.0 14.9

1

1

1 Estimated. 2Projected.

NOTE: Data for teachers are expressed in full-time equivalents. Data for private schools include kindergarten and a relatively small number of nursery school teachers and students. Ratios for public schools reflect totals reported by states and differ from totals reported for schools or school districts. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

1

1

14.9 14.7 14.6 1 14.7 14.9 1

1 14.9

15.1 15.2 15.2 1 15.8 1

16.2 1 16.2 1 15.9

15.8 15.7

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary Day Schools, 1955–56 through 1984–85; Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1985–86 through 2003–04; Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 1989–90 through 2001–02; and Projections of Education Statistics to 2014. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

97

Table 64. Public elementary and secondary teachers, by level and state or jurisdiction: Fall 1998 through fall 2003 Fall 20021 State or jurisdiction 1 United States ...................... Alabama ...................................... Alaska.......................................... Arizona ........................................ Arkansas...................................... California .....................................

2

Fall 1998

Fall 1999

Fall 2000

Fall 2001

2

3

4

5

2,830,286 2 47,766 8,118 42,352 27,953 2 281,784

2

2,910,633 2 48,624 7,838 43,892 31,362 2 287,433

2

2,941,461 2 48,194 7,880 44,438 31,947 2 298,021

2

2,999,528 2 46,785 8,026 46,015 33,079 2 304,203

Total Elementary 6 2

3,034,123 2 47,115 8,080 47,101 30,330 2 307,764

2

Fall 2003

Secondary

Ungraded

7

8

9

1,671,161 2 27,656 5,255 33,809 12,400 2 227,213

1,126,075 19,459 2,825 13,292 15,182 80,551

236,887 0 0 0 2,748 0

Total Elementary 10 2

3,048,549 58,070 7,808 47,507 30,876 2 304,311

Secondary

11 3

1,698,741 38,152 5,479 34,048 13,149 2 217,470

Ungraded

12 3

1,108,251 19,918 2,329 13,459 15,499 78,462

13 3

241,557 0 0 0 2,228 8,379

Colorado ...................................... Connecticut.................................. Delaware...................................... District of Columbia ..................... Florida..........................................

39,434 38,772 7,074 5,187 126,796

40,772 39,907 7,318 2 4,812 130,336

41,983 41,044 7,469 4,949 132,030

44,182 41,773 7,571 4,951 134,684

45,401 42,296 7,698 5,005 138,226

23,215 24,917 3,841 2,644 58,839

22,186 12,575 3,857 1,618 53,831

0 4,804 0 743 25,556

44,904 42,370 7,749 5,676 144,955

22,685 24,830 3,847 3,396 62,787

22,219 13,036 3,902 1,856 57,139

0 4,504 0 424 25,029

Georgia........................................ Hawaii .......................................... Idaho............................................ Illinois........................................... Indiana.........................................

88,658 10,639 13,426 121,758 58,084

90,638 10,866 13,641 124,815 58,864

91,043 10,927 13,714 127,620 59,226

92,731 11,007 13,854 129,600 59,659

96,044 10,973 13,896 131,046 59,968

55,623 5,826 7,129 79,843 31,435

40,421 5,099 6,767 32,473 25,826

0 48 0 18,730 2,707

97,150 11,129 14,049 127,669 59,924

56,357 5,798 7,272 74,957 31,379

40,793 5,281 6,777 32,641 25,807

0 50 0 20,071 2,738

Iowa ............................................. Kansas......................................... Kentucky ...................................... Louisiana ..................................... Maine...........................................

32,822 32,003 40,803 49,124 15,890

33,480 32,969 41,954 50,031 16,349

34,636 32,742 39,589 49,915 16,559

34,906 33,084 40,376 49,980 16,741

34,573 32,643 40,662 50,062 16,837

19,066 14,452 17,240 35,078 11,350

11,178 14,686 16,070 14,805 5,487

4,329 3,505 7,352 179 0

34,791 32,589 41,201 50,495 17,621

19,304 14,378 17,436 35,412 12,061

11,353 14,655 16,118 15,083 5,560

4,134 3,556 7,647 0 0

Maryland...................................... Massachusetts............................. Michigan ...................................... Minnesota .................................... Mississippi ...................................

49,840 69,752 93,220 54,449 31,140

50,995 77,596 96,094 56,010 30,722

52,433 67,432 97,031 53,457 31,006

53,774 68,942 98,849 53,081 31,214

55,382 74,214 89,595 52,808 31,598

33,153 24,357 38,132 26,815 14,366

22,229 38,003 40,006 25,993 12,943

0 11,854 11,457 0 4,289

55,140 72,062 97,014 51,611 32,591

Missouri ....................................... Montana....................................... Nebraska ..................................... Nevada ........................................ New Hampshire ...........................

62,449 10,221 20,310 16,415 13,290

63,890 10,353 20,766 17,380 14,037

64,735 10,411 20,983 18,293 14,341

65,240 10,408 21,083 19,276 14,677

66,717 10,362 21,043 20,038 14,977

34,083 6,904 12,809 10,203 10,411

32,225 3,458 8,234 7,456 4,566

409 0 0 2,379 0

65,169 10,301 20,921 20,234 15,112

33,556 6,869 12,921 10,059 10,391

31,606 3,432 8,000 7,777 4,721

7 0 0 2,398 0

New Jersey .................................. New Mexico ................................. New York...................................... North Carolina ............................. North Dakota ...............................

92,264 19,981 197,253 79,531 7,974

95,883 19,797 202,078 81,914 8,150

99,061 21,042 206,961 83,680 8,141

103,611 21,823 209,128 85,684 8,035

107,004 21,172 210,926 87,677 8,078

60,753 12,155 109,174 52,176 4,807

28,956 4,936 70,300 30,824 3,271

17,295 4,081 31,452 4,677 0

109,077 21,569 216,116 89,988 8,037

61,331 12,281 92,224 53,562 4,788

29,623 4,926 90,061 30,946 3,249

18,123 4,362 33,831 5,480 0

Ohio ............................................. Oklahoma .................................... Oregon......................................... Pennsylvania................................ Rhode Island ...............................

113,984 40,876 27,152 111,065 11,124

116,200 41,498 27,803 114,525 11,041

118,361 41,318 28,094 116,963 10,645

122,115 41,632 28,262 118,470 11,104

125,372 40,638 27,126 118,256 11,196

83,722 18,943 14,471 53,496 4,706

41,507 17,443 7,730 48,548 4,712

143 4,252 4,925 16,212 1,778

121,735 39,253 26,732 119,889 11,918

83,290 18,269 11,893 53,049 4 8,287

38,445 16,717 9,795 50,256 4 2,821

0 4,267 5,044 16,584 4 810

South Carolina............................. South Dakota ............................... Tennessee ................................... Texas ........................................... Utah .............................................

43,689 9,273 59,258 259,739 21,501

45,468 9,384 60,702 267,935 21,832

45,380 9,397 57,164 274,826 22,008

46,616 9,370 58,358 282,847 22,211

46,528 9,257 58,652 288,655 22,415

32,586 5,618 41,815 141,966 10,856

13,083 2,604 15,839 113,006 9,007

859 1,035 998 33,683 2,552

45,830 9,245 59,584 289,481 22,147

31,957 5,625 42,409 143,426 10,709

13,041 2,605 16,168 112,426 8,867

832 1,015 1,007 33,629 2,571

8,542 99,919 52,953 20,119 60,385 2 6,799

3,257 32,363 26,653 10,071 40,268 2 3,241

3,115 67,556 21,471 6,801 18,602 3,463

2,170 0 4,829 3,247 1,515 95

8,749 90,573 52,824 20,020 58,216 6,567

3,429 39,849 26,295 9,971 39,256 3,078

3,554 50,724 21,569 6,729 18,770 3,401

1,766 0 4,960 3,320 190 88

Vermont ....................................... Virginia......................................... Washington.................................. West Virginia................................ Wisconsin .................................... Wyoming...................................... Bureau of Indian Affairs ............... Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools .................... Domestic schools..................... Other jurisdictions American Samoa ..................... Guam ....................................... Northern Marianas................... Puerto Rico.............................. Virgin Islands ...........................

4

32,693 28,619 67,514 26,048 14,896

4

22,447 31,825 22,915 25,563 13,385

0 11,618 6,585 0 4,310

4

8,221

8,474

8,414

2 79,323

2 85,037

2 86,977

49,671 20,989 61,176 6,713

50,368 21,082 60,778 6,940

51,098 20,930 60,165 6,783

8,554 89,314 52,533 20,138 63,310 6,662

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

7,415 —

5,105 2,399

5,154 2,486

4,794 2,425

2,018 1,126

1,753 494

1,023 805

4,728 2,301

2,046 1,113

1,703 481

979 707

801 1,809 488 41,349 1,528

820 1,975 526 37,620 1,511

914 1,918 519 42,906 1,511

943 — 545 42,369 1,502

675 — 302 23,624 719

249 — 237 16,278 742

19 — 6 2,467 41

988 — 550 42,444 1,512

667 — 301 23,649 746

301 — 242 16,322 734

20 — 7 2,473 32

5,171 — 764 1,052 496 39,781 1,567

5

—Not available. 1Data have been revised from previously published figures. 2Includes imputations for underreporting of prekindergarten teachers. 3Includes imputed values for states. 4Imputed. 5Includes domestic schools.

NOTE: Distribution of elementary and secondary teachers determined by reporting units. Teachers reported in full-time equivalents. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1998–99 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

98

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

_

Table 65. Teachers, enrollment, and pupil/teacher ratios in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 1998 through fall 2003

State or jurisdiction

Pupil/ teacher ratio, fall 1999

Pupil/ teacher ratio, fall 2000

Teachers

2

3

4

5

1 United States ......................

2

16.4

2

16.1

2

Alabama ...................................... Alaska.......................................... Arizona ........................................ Arkansas...................................... California .....................................

2

15.7 16.7 20.0 16.2 2 21.0

2

15.2 17.1 19.4 14.4 2 21.0

2

Colorado ...................................... Connecticut.................................. Delaware...................................... District of Columbia ..................... Florida..........................................

17.7 14.0 16.0 2 13.9 18.4

Georgia........................................ Hawaii .......................................... Idaho............................................ Illinois........................................... Indiana.........................................

Fall 20021

Fall 2001

Pupil/ teacher ratio, fall 1998

Teachers

6

7

8

Teachers

9

10

11

2

2

15.8 16.7 20.0 13.6 2 20.5

47,115 8,080 47,101 30,330 2 307,764

739,366 134,364 937,755 450,985 2 6,353,667

44,182 41,773 7,571 4,951 134,684

742,145 570,228 115,560 75,392 2,500,478

16.8 13.7 15.3 3 13.9 18.6

45,401 42,296 7,698 5,005 138,226

15.9 16.9 17.9 16.1 16.7

92,731 11,007 13,854 129,600 59,659

1,470,634 184,546 246,521 2,071,391 996,133

15.9 16.8 17.8 16.0 16.7

14.9 14.3 15.4 15.1 12.8

14.3 14.4 16.8 16.6 12.5

34,906 33,084 40,376 49,980 16,741

485,932 470,205 654,363 731,328 205,586

16.9 13.8 2 18.5 15.7 16.1

16.6 12.5 2 18.0 15.2 16.3

16.3 14.5 2 17.7 16.0 16.1

53,774 68,942 98,849 53,081 31,214

Missouri ....................................... Montana....................................... Nebraska ..................................... Nevada ........................................ New Hampshire ...........................

14.6 15.7 14.3 18.9 15.4

14.3 15.2 13.9 18.7 14.7

14.1 14.9 13.6 18.6 14.5

New Jersey .................................. New Mexico ................................. New York...................................... North Carolina ............................. North Dakota ...............................

13.8 16.5 14.6 15.8 14.4

13.4 16.4 14.3 15.6 13.8

Ohio ............................................. Oklahoma .................................... Oregon......................................... Pennsylvania................................ Rhode Island ...............................

16.2 15.4 20.0 16.4 13.9

South Carolina............................. South Dakota ............................... Tennessee ................................... Texas ........................................... Utah .............................................

15.2 14.3 2 15.3 15.2 22.4

2

15.4 16.9 19.8 14.1 2 20.6

46,785 8,026 46,015 33,079 2 304,203

737,190 134,358 922,180 449,805 2 6,247,726

17.4 13.9 15.4 2 16.0 18.3

17.3 13.7 15.4 13.9 18.4

15.8 17.7 18.2 16.5 17.0

15.7 17.1 18.0 16.2 16.8

Iowa ............................................. Kansas......................................... Kentucky ...................................... Louisiana ..................................... Maine...........................................

15.2 14.8 16.1 15.6 13.3

Maryland...................................... Massachusetts............................. Michigan ...................................... Minnesota .................................... Mississippi ...................................

Vermont ....................................... Virginia......................................... Washington.................................. West Virginia................................ Wisconsin .................................... Wyoming......................................

15.9

2

Enrollment

47,671,877

2,999,528

2

3,034,123 2

Fall 2003 Pupil/ teacher ratio

2

16.0

2

Enrollment

Pupil/ teacher ratio

2

48,183,086

2

2

2

15.9

2

3,048,549

Enrollment

Pupil/ teacher ratio

12 2

48,540,725

13 2

15.9

15.7 16.6 19.9 14.9 2 20.6

58,070 7,808 47,507 30,876 2 304,311

731,220 133,933 1,012,068 454,523 2 6,413,862

12.6 17.2 21.3 14.7 2 21.1

751,862 570,023 116,342 76,166 2,539,929

16.6 13.5 15.1 — 18.4

44,904 42,370 7,749 5,676 144,955

757,693 577,203 117,668 78,057 2,587,628

16.9 13.6 15.2 13.8 17.9

96,044 10,973 13,896 131,046 59,968

1,496,012 183,829 248,604 2,084,187 1,003,875

15.6 16.8 17.9 15.9 16.7

97,150 11,129 14,049 127,669 59,924

1,522,611 183,609 252,120 2,100,961 1,011,130

15.7 16.5 17.9 16.5 16.9

13.9 14.2 16.2 16.6 12.3

34,573 32,643 40,662 50,062 16,837

482,210 470,957 660,782 730,464 204,337

13.9 14.4 16.3 16.6 12.1

34,791 32,589 41,201 50,495 17,621

481,226 470,490 663,885 727,709 202,084

13.8 14.4 16.1 16.6 11.5

860,640 973,139 1,730,669 851,384 493,507

16.0 14.1 17.5 16.0 15.8

55,382 74,214 89,595 52,808 31,598

866,743 982,989 1,785,160 846,891 492,645

15.7 13.2 19.9 16.0 15.6

55,140 72,062 97,014 51,611 32,591

869,113 980,459 1,757,604 842,854 493,540

15.8 13.6 18.1 16.3 15.1

65,240 10,408 21,083 19,276 14,677

909,792 151,947 285,095 356,814 206,847

13.9 14.6 13.5 18.5 14.1

66,717 10,362 21,043 20,038 14,977

906,499 149,995 285,402 369,498 207,671

13.6 14.5 13.6 18.4 13.9

65,169 10,301 20,921 20,234 15,112

905,941 148,356 285,542 385,401 207,417

13.9 14.4 13.6 19.0 13.7

13.3 15.2 13.9 15.5 13.4

103,611 21,823 209,128 85,684 8,035

1,341,656 320,260 2,872,132 1,315,363 106,047

12.9 14.7 13.7 15.4 13.2

107,004 21,172 210,926 87,677 8,078

1,367,438 320,234 2,888,233 1,335,954 104,225

12.8 15.1 13.7 15.2 12.9

109,077 21,569 216,116 89,988 8,037

1,380,753 323,066 2,864,775 1,360,209 102,233

12.7 15.0 13.3 15.1 12.7

15.8 15.1 19.6 15.9 14.2

15.5 15.1 19.4 15.5 14.8

122,115 41,632 28,262 118,470 11,104

1,830,985 622,139 551,480 1,821,627 158,046

15.0 14.9 19.5 15.4 14.2

125,372 40,638 27,126 118,256 11,196

1,838,285 624,548 554,071 1,816,747 159,205

14.7 15.4 20.4 15.4 14.2

121,735 39,253 26,732 119,889 11,918

1,845,428 626,160 551,273 1,821,146 159,375

15.2 16.0 20.6 15.2 13.4

14.7 14.0 2 15.1 14.9 22.0

14.9 13.7 2 15.9 14.8 21.9

46,616 9,370 58,358 282,847 22,211

676,198 127,542 2 924,899 4,163,447 484,677

14.5 13.6 2 15.8 14.7 21.8

46,528 9,257 58,652 288,655 22,415

694,389 130,048 2 927,608 4,259,823 489,262

14.9 14.0 2 15.8 14.8 21.8

45,830 9,245 59,584 289,481 22,147

699,198 125,537 2 936,681 4,331,751 495,981

15.3 13.6 2 15.7 15.0 22.4

101,179 1,163,091 1,009,200 282,885 879,361

11.8 13.0 19.2 14.0 13.9

8,542 99,919 52,953 20,119 60,385

99,978 1,177,229 1,014,798 282,455 881,231

11.7 11.8 19.2 14.0 14.6

8,749 90,573 52,824 20,020 58,216

99,103 1,192,092 1,021,349 281,215 880,031

11.3 13.2 19.3 14.0 15.1

88,128

13.2

2

88,116

2 13.0

6,567

87,462

13.3

12.8

12.3

12.1

2 14.2

2 13.3

2 13.2

20.1 14.2 14.4

19.9 13.8 14.4

19.7 13.7 14.6

8,554 89,314 52,533 20,138 63,310

14.2

13.3

13.3

6,662

6,799

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

99

Table 65. Teachers, enrollment, and pupil/teacher ratios in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 1998 through fall 2003—Continued

State or jurisdiction 1

Pupil/ teacher ratio, fall 1999

Pupil/ teacher ratio, fall 2000

Teachers

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

14.6 — 19.3 18.2 19.9 14.8 13.7

Bureau of Indian Affairs ............... Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools .................... Domestic schools.....................

15.1 —

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ..................... Guam ....................................... Northern Marianas................... Puerto Rico.............................. Virgin Islands ...........................

20.1 30.6 19.1 15.4 13.4

4

Fall 20021

Fall 2001

Pupil/ teacher ratio, fall 1998

Enrollment

Pupil/ teacher ratio

Teachers

6

7

8

—

46,476

—

14.4 14.2

5,154 2,486

73,212 32,847

19.1 16.4 19.0 16.3 12.9

914 1,918 519 42,906 1,511

15,897 31,992 10,479 604,177 18,780

—Not available. 1 Data have been revised from previously published figures. 2Includes imputations for underreporting of prekindergarten teachers/enrollment. 3Ratio based on enrollment excluding 6,943 charter school students for whom no teacher counts were reported. 4Includes both overseas and domestic schools.

Fall 2003

Enrollment

Pupil/ teacher ratio

Teachers

Enrollment

Pupil/ teacher ratio

9

10

11

12

13

—

46,126

—

—

45,828

—

14.2 13.2

4,794 2,425

72,889 32,115

15.2 13.2

4,728 2,301

71,053 30,603

15.0 13.3

17.4 16.7 20.2 14.1 12.4

943 — 545 42,369 1,502

15,984 — 11,251 596,502 18,333

17.0 — 20.6 14.1 12.2

988 1,760 550 42,444 1,512

15,893 31,572 11,244 584,916 17,716

16.1 17.9 20.4 13.8 11.7

NOTE: Teachers reported in full-time equivalents. Pupil/teacher ratio for District of Columbia for 2002 was not computed, since data for charter schools were missing. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1998–99 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 66. Highest degree earned and years of full-time teaching experience for teachers in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1999–2000

Selected characteristic

Percent of teachers, by highest degree earned

Total number of teachers1

No degree

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

2

3

4

5

1

Percent of teachers, by years of full-time teaching experience

Master’s Education specialist2 6

7

Doctor’s

Less than 3

3 to 9

10 to 20

Over 20

8

9

10

11

12

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Public schools Total............................... 3,002,258 (19,415.7)

0.5

(0.04)

0.2

(0.02)

52.0

(0.40)

41.9

(0.38)

4.7

(0.17)

0.7

(0.06)

12.9

(0.27)

28.8

(0.36)

28.5

(0.33)

29.8

(0.34)

Sex Males ................................. 753,939 (10,661.6) Females ............................. 2,248,320 (16,043.0)

1.2 0.3

(0.09) (0.04)

0.4 0.1

(0.05) (0.02)

49.7 52.8

(0.62) (0.46)

42.7 41.6

(0.57) (0.43)

4.7 4.8

(0.25) (0.20)

1.4 0.5

(0.13) (0.06)

13.0 12.9

(0.45) (0.33)

28.1 29.1

(0.54) (0.42)

23.4 30.2

(0.50) (0.39)

35.6 27.9

(0.62) (0.38)

0.5 0.7 0.6 0.3

(0.04) (0.12) (0.14) (0.12)

0.1 0.2 0.2 ‡

(0.02) (0.06) (0.07) (†)

51.2 51.1 65.5 50.1

(0.41) (1.13) (1.64) (2.55)

43.0 40.3 28.5 38.3

(0.41) (1.14) (1.43) (2.34)

4.6 6.2 4.1 10.5

(0.19) (0.63) (0.68) (1.42)

0.6 1.6 1.2 0.7

(0.05) (0.39) (0.23) (0.17)

12.2 15.2 18.7 18.2

(0.26) (1.03) (1.14) (1.86)

28.1 27.6 39.1 34.9

(0.39) (1.08) (1.71) (2.44)

29.1 24.5 24.6 25.7

(0.37) (1.07) (1.72) (2.44)

30.6 32.7 17.7 21.2

(0.35) (1.33) (1.66) (1.93)

1.0

(0.19)

0.8

(0.37)

52.4

(2.77)

40.5

(2.89)

4.1

(0.84)

1.2

(0.52)

13.6

(1.73)

25.3

(2.38)

33.6

(2.56)

27.4

(3.02)

(9,224.0) (9,769.8) (10,259.6) (12,632.3) (3,990.4)

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0

(0.11) (0.08) (0.07) (0.06) (0.24)

0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6

(0.04) (0.02) (0.04) (0.04) (0.19)

77.9 56.7 46.8 39.4 35.4

(0.70) (0.82) (0.66) (0.89) (1.82)

20.4 38.5 46.9 51.3 52.7

(0.66) (0.79) (0.64) (0.89) (2.06)

1.2 3.8 4.9 7.2 7.8

(0.21) (0.32) (0.28) (0.37) (1.23)

0.0 0.4 0.7 1.4 2.6

(0.02) (0.06) (0.07) (0.17) (0.52)

46.1 11.5 5.9 2.4 1.7

(0.96) (0.53) (0.32) (0.20) (0.46)

53.9 51.5 19.3 7.7 5.4

(0.96) (0.83) (0.50) (0.36) (0.74)

‡ 37.0 41.4 24.9 21.1

(†) (0.77) (0.66) (0.60) (1.77)

‡ ‡ 33.4 65.0 71.8

(†) (†) (0.56) (0.67) (1.79)

Level Elementary......................... 1,601,688 (13,465.8) General .......................... 1,018,544 (13,591.1) 33,066 (2,800.3) English ........................... Mathematics................... 25,582 (2,462.6) Special education........... 210,436 (5,807.1) Other elementary ........... 314,059 (8,361.0) Secondary.......................... 1,400,571 (17,697.6) English ........................... 235,220 (5,021.4) Mathematics................... 191,214 (4,308.1) Science .......................... 159,488 (3,729.5) Social studies................. 146,957 (4,257.7) 99,004 (2,316.1) Special education........... Vocational/technical ....... 125,295 (3,247.4) Other secondary ............ 443,391 (8,532.9)

0.2 0.1 ‡ ‡ 0.3 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.3 6.2 0.7

(0.04) (0.05) (†) (†) (0.15) (0.07) (0.06) (0.05) (0.03) (0.26) (0.01) (0.08) (0.48) (0.09)

0.1 0.0 ‡ ‡ ‡ 0.1 0.3 0.0 ‡ 0.0 ‡ 0.1 1.9 0.3

(0.02) (0.03) (†) (†) (†) (0.09) (0.03) (0.02) (†) (0.02) (†) (0.05) (0.23) (0.05)

54.4 57.7 43.2 62.8 43.9 51.4 49.2 49.8 51.6 47.4 51.1 43.5 45.9 49.9

(0.65) (0.74) (4.00) (4.04) (1.39) (1.52) (0.47) (1.19) (1.01) (1.19) (1.23) (1.36) (1.21) (0.75)

40.3 37.8 46.4 31.9 48.5 42.9 43.7 44.0 43.7 46.4 43.0 46.3 40.7 43.2

(0.61) (0.67) (3.92) (4.33) (1.35) (1.40) (0.44) (1.19) (1.01) (1.15) (1.20) (1.26) (1.35) (0.73)

4.6 4.0 8.4 4.6 6.8 4.8 4.9 5.0 3.8 4.0 4.3 9.0 4.7 4.9

(0.26) (0.27) (2.72) (2.06) (0.75) (0.57) (0.19) (0.49) (0.37) (0.45) (0.48) (0.65) (0.58) (0.34)

0.4 0.4 ‡ 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.7 1.5 0.8 0.5 1.0

(0.08) (0.09) (†) (0.46) (0.25) (0.20) (0.08) (0.15) (0.18) (0.24) (0.27) (0.20) (0.11) (0.16)

12.7 12.3 12.5 12.1 12.4 14.0 13.2 13.8 12.9 14.5 14.2 11.9 11.0 12.9

(0.40) (0.48) (2.82) (0.29) (0.84) (0.88) (0.31) (0.64) (0.87) (0.88) (0.88) (0.86) (0.81) (0.50)

29.3 29.1 20.9 24.0 33.3 28.4 28.3 27.4 32.4 30.6 28.9 30.6 21.5 27.3

(0.52) (0.67) (0.30) (3.86) (1.42) (1.18) (0.47) (0.89) (1.10) (1.10) (1.14) (1.20) (0.84) (0.82)

30.1 29.3 33.5 27.1 33.4 30.2 26.6 24.3 23.9 25.2 22.8 31.5 31.0 28.4

(0.54) (0.66) (3.46) (0.41) (1.61) (1.28) (0.36) (0.93) (0.91) (1.04) (1.11) (1.33) (1.20) (0.72)

28.0 29.3 33.0 36.8 21.0 27.4 31.9 34.5 30.7 29.6 34.1 26.0 36.5 31.3

(0.49) (0.71) (3.71) (4.25) (1.01) (1.28) (0.42) (1.02) (0.96) (1.13) (1.23) (1.15) (1.17) (0.67)

Private schools Total...............................

449,057 (10,633.5)

5.5

(0.43)

1.8

(0.18)

57.5

(0.64)

30.3

(0.58)

3.1

(0.19)

1.8

(0.16)

23.9

(0.52)

31.0

(0.55)

27.2

(0.52)

17.8

(0.45)

Sex Males ................................. Females .............................

107,128 (3,835.5) 341,929 (7,694.2)

3.8 6.1

(0.49) (0.52)

1.0 2.0

(0.23) (0.22)

48.2 60.4

(1.21) (0.73)

38.5 27.8

(1.19) (0.64)

3.7 2.9

(0.42) (0.23)

4.9 0.8

(0.49) (0.12)

25.3 23.5

(1.08) (0.60)

28.2 31.9

(1.09) (0.64)

22.7 28.6

(1.08) (0.57)

23.8 15.9

(0.96) (0.48)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........... 2,531,578 (17,223.2) Black, non-Hispanic ........... 227,505 (6,027.7) Hispanic ............................. 169,025 (6,363.0) 48,281 (2,657.6) Asian/Pacific Islander......... American Indian/Alaska Native........................... 25,869 (1,894.6) Age Less than 30 ...................... 30 to 39.............................. 40 to 49.............................. 50 to 59.............................. 60 or more .........................

See notes at end of table.

509,452 660,811 953,230 785,739 93,026

100 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

_

Table 66. Highest degree earned and years of full-time teaching experience for teachers in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1999–2000—Continued

Selected characteristic

No degree

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

2

3

4

5

1 Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........... Black, non-Hispanic ........... Hispanic ............................. Asian/Pacific Islander......... American Indian/Alaska Native...........................

Percent of teachers, by highest degree earned

Total number of teachers1

402,012 (9,625.0) 16,530 (1,413.8) 21,024 (1,520.3) 7,012 (615.4)

Percent of teachers, by years of full-time teaching experience 2

Doctor’s

Less than 3

3 to 9

10 to 20

Over 20

7

8

9

10

11

12

Master’s Education specialist 6

4.8 13.1 11.7 7.2

(0.38) (2.53) (2.34) (1.94)

1.6 6.4 1.9 1.8

(0.17) (1.76) (0.60) (0.79)

57.8 58.9 54.6 50.0

(0.64) (3.14) (3.02) (3.21)

31.0 18.4 26.4 33.8

(0.56) (2.74) (3.27) (3.06)

3.0 2.5 3.9 5.0

(0.20) (1.01) (0.86) (1.17)

1.8 0.7 1.5 2.1

(0.17) (0.33) (0.49) (0.72)

23.2 32.3 29.7 30.4

(0.52) (3.45) (2.91) (3.33)

31.0 30.1 33.0 32.8

(0.55) (3.85) (3.07) (3.43)

27.4 22.5 28.7 21.5

(0.53) (2.68) (3.68) (3.21)

18.5 15.1 8.7 15.3

(0.49) (2.27) (1.49) (2.76)

(369.4)

17.4

(6.91)

‡

(†)

46.4

(6.60)

23.0

(5.92)

5.5

(2.28)

‡

(†)

21.9

(6.03)

26.2

(6.05)

39.0

(7.14)

12.9

(4.08)

86,535 100,650 130,906 105,512 25,454

(3,105.3) (3,238.0) (4,171.2) (3,157.3) (1,179.4)

8.5 6.6 4.7 3.6 3.8

(1.34) (0.67) (0.62) (0.52) (0.98)

1.0 2.6 2.3 1.2 1.0

(0.23) (0.51) (0.32) (0.31) (0.46)

75.7 58.9 56.0 47.8 37.6

(1.58) (1.36) (1.29) (1.22) (2.14)

13.9 28.0 32.4 40.0 44.8

(0.77) (1.32) (1.10) (1.11) (2.28)

0.6 2.2 3.4 4.6 7.5

(0.15) (0.36) (0.43) (0.50) (1.34)

0.3 1.6 1.3 2.9 5.4

(0.19) (0.35) (0.21) (0.36) (1.33)

57.6 24.4 17.3 8.9 4.5

(1.35) (1.07) (0.79) (0.78) (0.91)

42.1 46.5 30.6 14.1 4.9

(1.36) (1.38) (1.10) (1.01) (1.06)

‡ 29.2 36.7 37.6 19.0

(†) (1.20) (0.91) (1.27) (2.17)

‡ ‡ 15.4 39.4 71.6

(†) (†) (0.75) (1.17) (2.28)

Level Elementary......................... General .......................... Special education........... Other elementary ........... Secondary.......................... English ........................... Mathematics................... Science .......................... Social studies................. Special education........... Vocational/technical ....... Other secondary ............

260,824 167,728 15,883 77,213 188,233 33,393 33,094 22,915 18,583 6,660 4,286 69,302

(5,774.2) (4,024.9) (1,634.1) (2,216.1) (6,244.3) (1,676.9) (1,550.5) (1,342.6) (1,075.4) (962.6) (558.1) (2,618.8)

7.2 6.9 3.0 8.6 3.3 2.8 4.9 0.7 ‡ ‡ 14.2 3.9

(0.59) (0.67) (1.25) (0.95) (0.41) (1.30) (1.13) (0.26) (†) (†) (6.14) (0.62)

2.4 2.4 ‡ 2.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 ‡ ‡ ‡ 3.6 1.7

(0.28) (0.38) (†) (0.33) (0.17) (0.36) (0.31) (†) (†) (†) (2.66) (0.36)

62.6 66.0 49.0 57.8 50.4 51.0 54.3 52.0 48.7 53.5 39.1 48.6

(0.84) (1.04) (3.77) (1.42) (0.79) (2.39) (2.15) (2.06) (2.38) (6.48) (5.08) (1.27)

24.6 22.3 39.4 26.6 38.3 38.7 36.4 40.3 43.9 37.9 40.1 36.8

(0.65) (0.82) (4.60) (1.18) (0.89) (2.41) (2.34) (1.92) (2.27) (5.78) (5.81) (1.27)

2.6 1.9 6.5 3.3 3.7 3.7 1.9 2.2 4.4 6.2 ‡ 4.9

(0.25) (0.25) (1.81) (0.39) (0.30) (1.00) (0.48) (0.49) (0.92) (2.42) (†) (0.62)

0.7 0.5 ‡ 1.2 3.3 3.3 2.0 4.7 2.9 ‡ ‡ 4.1

(0.16) (0.14) (†) (0.41) (0.30) (0.62) (0.54) (0.83) (1.26) (†) (†) (0.56)

24.2 19.7 21.4 34.5 23.6 19.0 22.9 23.8 21.9 27.0 21.8 26.3

(0.73) (0.90) (2.42) (1.17) (0.70) (1.57) (2.11) (1.93) (1.84) (4.59) (4.05) (1.22)

31.9 31.3 43.9 30.6 29.9 32.7 32.7 25.7 25.6 41.8 28.0 28.7

(0.77) (1.01) (3.15) (1.22) (0.78) (2.34) (2.20) (1.88) (2.03) (5.30) (5.23) (1.38)

28.7 31.6 26.8 22.6 25.2 25.9 25.4 25.8 25.2 18.4 22.3 25.4

(0.69) (0.97) (4.01) (1.15) (0.76) (2.35) (1.81) (2.09) (2.21) (3.35) (5.05) (1.14)

15.3 17.4 7.9 12.3 21.3 22.4 18.9 24.7 27.3 12.8 27.9 19.6

(0.57) (0.72) (1.99) (0.88) (0.64) (1.55) (1.44) (1.89) (2.32) (3.27) (4.38) (0.98)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Data are based on a sample survey and may not be strictly comparable with data reported elsewhere. 2Includes certificate of advanced graduate studies.

NOTE: Excludes prekindergarten teachers. Data are based on a head count of all teachers rather than on the number of fulltime-equivalent teachers reported in other tables. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and cell suppression. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; “Private Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; and “Charter Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared June 2003.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 101 Teachers and Other Staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2,480

Age Less than 30 ...................... 30 to 39.............................. 40 to 49.............................. 50 to 59.............................. 60 or more .........................

Table 67. Highest degree earned, years of full-time teaching experience, and average class size for teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1999–2000 Percent of teachers, by highest degree earned1 State

Average class size2

Percent of teachers, by years of full-time teaching experience

Total number of teachers

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Education specialist3

Doctor’s

Less than 3

3 to 9

10 to 20

Over 20

Elementary

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1

Secondary 12

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

United States ................ 3,002,258 (19,415.7)

52.0

(0.40)

41.9

(0.38)

4.7

(0.17)

0.7

(0.06)

12.9

(0.27)

28.8

(0.36)

28.5

(0.33)

29.8

(0.34)

21.1

(0.1)

23.6

(0.1)

Alabama ................................ Alaska.................................... Arizona .................................. Arkansas................................ California ...............................

50,605 (1,675.5) 8,340 (279.2) 48,557 (1,939.5) 30,410 (807.2) 280,036 (8,100.7)

41.2 59.0 50.8 67.4 61.5

(1.59) (1.43) (1.72) (1.73) (1.40)

51.2 36.9 43.3 29.0 30.3

(1.64) (1.24) (1.81) (1.63) (1.36)

6.8 2.1 4.2 2.1 6.5

(0.85) (0.28) (0.79) (0.41) (0.70)

0.2 1.2 1.1 0.8 1.2

(0.10) (0.32) (0.37) (0.19) (0.22)

12.7 15.6 16.3 10.6 15.1

(0.83) (0.89) (1.54) (1.20) (0.93)

28.0 31.0 30.2 25.4 33.9

(1.46) (1.34) (1.56) (1.71) (1.43)

32.3 34.4 31.9 33.4 28.3

(1.50) (1.28) (2.07) (1.63) (1.33)

26.9 18.9 21.6 30.6 22.7

(1.57) (1.16) (2.17) (1.51) (1.16)

18.6 20.4 24.3 19.7 22.4

(0.4) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3) (0.4)

22.2 22.2 25.9 21.1 28.5

(0.3) (0.7) (0.5) (0.7) (0.3)

Colorado ................................ Connecticut............................ Delaware................................ District of Columbia ............... Florida....................................

42,352 (1,415.4) 42,178 (1,631.3) 7,538 (911.1) 5,712 (129.1) 128,634 (5,065.3)

45.8 16.7 48.7 41.8 61.0

(1.86) (1.04) (2.88) (1.28) (1.87)

50.0 65.3 43.5 46.4 33.6

(1.90) (1.39) (2.47) (1.43) (1.90)

2.9 15.6 4.9 5.5 3.0

(0.66) (1.06) (1.16) (0.62) (0.68)

0.8 1.3 1.1 5.0 1.2

(0.28) (0.36) (0.50) (0.76) (0.39)

15.6 11.5 11.4 14.6 11.6

(1.21) (0.94) (2.15) (1.25) (0.95)

27.7 26.7 36.3 20.6 30.3

(1.75) (1.25) (2.06) (1.44) (1.57)

27.1 26.6 25.4 23.2 28.8

(1.48) (1.16) (2.34) (1.50) (1.35)

29.6 35.2 26.9 41.6 29.4

(1.73) (1.38) (2.83) (2.19) (1.41)

23.1 19.9 19.6 21.6 23.3

(0.4) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3) (0.4)

24.6 20.4 24.0 21.3 26.6

(0.5) (0.3) (0.8) (0.4) (0.6)

Georgia.................................. Hawaii .................................... Idaho...................................... Illinois..................................... Indiana...................................

88,161 (2,744.9) 12,112 (228.3) 14,451 (207.5) 137,213 (3,796.9) 61,184 (1,325.4)

50.1 50.2 70.3 46.8 31.8

(2.10) (1.91) (0.83) (2.23) (1.36)

37.6 23.9 26.7 48.9 63.6

(2.03) (1.64) (0.82) (1.82) (1.39)

10.8 24.6 1.3 3.3 4.2

(1.18) (1.62) (0.19) (0.71) (0.57)

0.4 0.6 1.2 0.8 0.2

(0.15) (0.26) (0.20) (0.30) (0.10)

13.0 16.0 13.0 11.6 11.1

(1.20) (1.45) (0.73) (1.01) (1.06)

33.4 33.4 27.3 27.2 24.5

(2.19) (1.66) (1.00) (1.38) (1.50)

27.6 24.8 31.6 26.5 23.4

(1.77) (1.88) (0.76) (1.40) (1.33)

26.0 25.8 28.1 34.6 41.1

(1.81) (1.33) (1.08) (1.63) (1.81)

19.8 23.2 22.0 22.2 21.2

(0.5) (0.3) (0.3) (0.5) (0.5)

24.4 24.3 22.7 23.8 23.1

(0.5) (0.3) (0.3) (0.3) (0.3)

Iowa ....................................... Kansas................................... Kentucky ................................ Louisiana ............................... Maine.....................................

38,116 (934.5) 34,134 (790.3) 42,879 (1,134.3) 50,806 (2,093.3) 17,536 (592.0)

66.0 60.9 27.5 63.7 66.3

(1.77) (1.54) (1.72) (2.82) (1.20)

32.3 36.8 54.0 29.3 29.2

(1.74) (1.57) (2.09) (2.74) (1.21)

1.4 1.8 16.9 6.2 2.7

(0.41) (0.36) (1.32) (1.22) (0.43)

‡ ‡ 1.2 0.4 ‡

(†) (†) (0.46) (0.18) (†)

10.5 15.7 10.1 10.3 10.5

(1.00) (1.26) (0.85) (2.06) (0.86)

26.2 25.9 31.3 30.6 20.3

(1.30) (1.71) (1.66) (2.90) (1.38)

26.9 31.3 33.5 31.0 32.8

(1.39) (1.54) (1.33) (2.73) (1.66)

36.4 27.1 25.1 28.2 36.4

(1.51) (1.31) (1.52) (2.90) (1.51)

19.9 18.3 20.7 18.8 17.9

(0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4)

21.9 20.9 23.6 22.6 18.5

(0.6) (0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (0.2)

(1,421.7) (2,543.8) (4,327.5) (4,131.4) (978.5)

45.3 38.6 42.7 54.4 58.1

(2.03) (2.02) (2.03) (2.15) (1.50)

48.5 54.8 52.2 40.8 37.0

(2.21) (1.82) (1.91) (2.23) (1.42)

5.0 3.5 4.4 4.5 3.9

(0.94) (0.56) (0.80) (1.08) (0.58)

0.5 1.6 0.4 ‡ 0.4

(0.08) (0.40) (0.22) (†) (0.10)

13.9 11.9 13.2 16.4 11.7

(1.43) (0.89) (1.17) (1.38) (0.81)

30.8 24.9 30.5 28.1 24.4

(1.93) (1.44) (1.63) (1.76) (1.29)

25.3 24.9 25.3 25.0 33.5

(1.97) (1.64) (1.55) (1.78) (1.18)

30.0 38.3 31.0 30.5 30.4

(2.00) (1.41) (1.75) (1.71) (1.33)

22.1 20.8 21.9 21.7 20.3

(0.6) (0.4) (0.8) (0.4) (0.3)

25.7 21.4 25.2 25.3 22.3

(0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (0.3)

Missouri ................................. Montana................................. Nebraska ............................... Nevada .................................. New Hampshire .....................

64,094 (1,967.1) 11,937 (364.0) 23,119 (810.3) 17,273 (710.1) 14,985 (603.5)

49.2 70.4 59.2 52.4 51.9

(2.44) (1.27) (1.46) (1.41) (2.40)

46.6 25.7 38.8 43.9 44.4

(2.14) (1.23) (1.45) (1.31) (2.36)

2.6 2.8 1.7 2.7 2.4

(0.51) (0.33) (0.34) (0.52) (0.75)

0.3 0.6 0.2 ‡ 0.8

(0.22) (0.20) (0.12) (†) (0.34)

15.1 10.9 10.6 14.9 15.1

(1.37) (0.74) (0.88) (1.14) (1.77)

31.4 25.9 25.2 35.1 22.4

(2.91) (1.23) (1.20) (1.62) (1.87)

26.6 33.4 30.5 25.7 31.5

(2.15) (1.03) (1.14) (1.67) (2.28)

26.9 29.8 33.6 24.3 31.0

(2.12) (1.34) (1.12) (1.70) (2.25)

20.7 17.9 17.2 20.6 19.9

(0.6) (0.3) (0.2) (0.3) (0.5)

21.0 20.1 21.4 27.4 21.9

(0.4) (0.4) (0.6) (0.6) (0.6)

New Jersey ............................ New Mexico ........................... New York................................ North Carolina ....................... North Dakota .........................

98,310 (2,148.3) 21,188 (866.7) 208,313 (5,519.9) 86,020 (2,587.9) 9,252 (358.3)

58.4 56.1 21.8 67.5 77.8

(1.84) (2.89) (1.59) (2.21) (0.88)

34.7 39.1 68.4 29.5 20.0

(1.85) (3.18) (1.63) (2.12) (0.89)

6.4 2.7 8.3 1.0 1.4

(0.75) (0.99) (1.02) (0.39) (0.26)

0.3 1.1 1.5 0.4 0.3

(0.08) (0.54) (0.46) (0.17) (0.10)

11.7 12.5 14.1 17.2 12.1

(1.07) (1.86) (1.32) (1.47) (0.75)

25.1 38.6 25.3 28.5 25.1

(1.42) (2.91) (1.71) (2.48) (1.22)

26.0 26.5 27.6 25.2 30.4

(1.42) (2.44) (1.30) (1.73) (1.32)

37.1 22.4 33.0 29.1 32.3

(1.59) (2.62) (2.02) (2.23) (1.32)

20.2 19.8 21.8 20.8 17.4

(0.3) (0.6) (0.6) (0.5) (0.4)

21.4 23.3 22.9 22.4 18.7

(0.3) (0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (0.3)

Ohio ....................................... Oklahoma .............................. Oregon................................... Pennsylvania.......................... Rhode Island .........................

123,370 45,830 28,584 126,915 11,616

50.4 63.5 50.0 49.5 43.7

(1.80) (1.84) (2.74) (2.27) (0.96)

45.7 33.3 46.5 45.2 51.7

(2.01) (1.78) (2.82) (2.27) (0.98)

2.1 2.6 2.6 4.1 4.3

(0.61) (0.67) (0.50) (0.97) (0.55)

0.6 0.4 0.7 0.3 ‡

(0.31) (0.27) (0.15) (0.12) (†)

12.0 10.6 14.0 9.7 9.4

(0.97) (1.39) (1.34) (1.20) (0.53)

26.4 30.9 28.2 25.2 26.2

(1.44) (1.86) (2.23) (1.84) (0.92)

29.0 32.1 32.7 27.5 30.7

(1.77) (2.09) (1.85) (1.68) (1.03)

32.6 26.4 25.1 37.6 33.8

(2.13) (1.66) (2.08) (2.08) (0.88)

22.8 18.7 23.7 22.2 19.8

(0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (0.6) (0.3)

23.9 22.2 25.6 23.2 21.0

(0.7) (0.5) (0.5) (0.7) (0.2)

Maryland................................ Massachusetts....................... Michigan ................................ Minnesota .............................. Mississippi .............................

See notes at end of table.

54,583 78,260 100,232 57,791 33,097

(4,136.8) (1,644.1) (1,475.4) (4,490.8) (295.0)

102 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

_

Table 67. Highest degree earned, years of full-time teaching experience, and average class size for teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1999–2000—Continued Percent of teachers, by highest degree earned1 State 1

Average class size2

Percent of teachers, by years of full-time teaching experience

Total number of teachers

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Education specialist3

Doctor’s

Less than 3

3 to 9

10 to 20

Over 20

Elementary

Secondary

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

South Carolina....................... South Dakota......................... Tennessee ............................. Texas ..................................... Utah .......................................

43,754 (1,378.2) 11,708 (372.0) 58,296 (2,258.9) 266,661 (8,947.2) 23,346 (934.5)

48.0 75.4 50.9 69.7 70.4

(1.82) (1.51) (2.05) (1.45) (1.69)

43.3 23.2 41.1 27.1 23.5

(1.88) (1.56) (2.09) (1.38) (1.75)

6.9 0.6 6.1 2.2 3.2

(0.91) (0.11) (1.09) (0.44) (0.59)

0.4 ‡ 1.0 0.3 0.9

(0.09) (†) (0.40) (0.08) (0.37)

12.0 12.9 13.9 12.5 15.6

(1.21) (0.88) (1.41) (1.22) (1.58)

28.1 25.7 30.7 32.4 31.5

(1.73) (1.40) (2.23) (1.32) (2.06)

31.0 35.5 27.0 31.2 31.9

(2.32) (1.08) (2.33) (1.85) (2.08)

29.0 26.0 28.4 23.9 21.0

(1.91) (1.34) (2.23) (1.27) (1.85)

17.8 18.6 19.6 18.3 23.6

(0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.3) (0.3)

22.4 19.6 24.1 22.3 27.3

(0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (0.6)

Vermont ................................. Virginia................................... Washington............................ West Virginia.......................... Wisconsin .............................. Wyoming................................

9,186 (450.8) 80,987 (5,065.7) 54,816 (1,742.5) 22,571 (634.8) 67,362 (2,950.5) 7,848 (309.1)

49.3 55.4 46.0 37.5 56.5 69.8

(2.74) (1.84) (1.61) (1.70) (1.84) (1.82)

46.1 40.8 46.8 55.6 39.6 28.2

(2.35) (1.63) (1.56) (1.84) (1.69) (1.81)

4.4 1.9 5.1 5.3 3.2 1.2

(1.09) (0.42) (0.57) (0.73) (0.92) (0.25)

‡ 0.9 1.5 0.6 0.4 0.7

(†) (0.26) (0.39) (0.21) (0.24) (0.25)

16.5 13.3 11.6 5.6 12.8 10.4

(2.12) (0.86) (0.91) (0.62) (1.25) (0.78)

24.2 28.1 28.7 14.7 28.7 23.5

(2.64) (1.43) (1.55) (1.33) (1.57) (1.31)

29.1 28.8 31.6 31.0 26.4 33.5

(2.59) (1.39) (1.41) (1.75) (1.77) (1.74)

30.2 29.8 28.2 48.8 32.2 32.6

(2.23) (1.36) (1.28) (1.56) (1.60) (1.57)

17.8 19.4 23.7 19.0 20.8 17.7

(0.6) (0.5) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.3)

19.1 21.9 26.2 21.1 23.6 20.4

(0.8) (0.4) (0.4) (0.3) (0.4) (0.6)

3Includes

certificate of advanced graduate studies. NOTE: Data are based on a head count of all teachers rather than on the number of full-time-equivalent teachers appearing in other tables. Excludes prekindergarten teachers. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding, cell suppression, and omitted categories (less than bachelor’s). SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; and “Charter Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared April 2003.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 103 Teachers and Other Staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Teachers with less than a bachelor’s degree are not shown separately. 2Elementary teachers are those who taught self-contained classes at the elementary level and secondary teachers are those who taught departmentalized classes (e.g., science, art, social science, or other course subjects) at the secondary level. Teachers were classified as elementary or secondary on the basis of the grades they taught, rather than on the level of the school in which they taught.

104 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff _

Table 68. Selected characteristics of public school teachers: Selected years, spring 1961 through spring 2001 Selected characteristic

1961

1

1966

1971

1976

1981

1986

1991

1996

2001

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Number of teachers (in thousands) ....................................

1,408

1,710

2,055

2,196

2,185

2,206

2,398

2,164

2,979

Sex (percent) Male ................................................................................................... Female ...............................................................................................

31.3 68.7

31.1 68.9

34.3 65.7

32.9 67.1

33.1 66.9

31.2 68.8

27.9 72.1

25.6 74.4

21.0 79.0

Median age (years) All teachers ........................................................................................ Males ............................................................................................. Females .........................................................................................

41 34 46

36 33 40

35 33 37

33 33 33

37 38 36

41 42 41

42 43 42

44 46 44

46 47 45

Marital status (percent) Single................................................................................................. Married............................................................................................... Widowed, divorced, or separated.......................................................

22.3 68.0 9.7

22.0 69.1 9.0

19.5 71.9 8.6

20.1 71.3 8.6

18.5 73.0 8.5

12.9 75.7 11.4

11.7 75.7 12.6

12.4 75.9 11.8

15.2 73.1 11.7

Highest degree held (percent) Less than bachelor’s .......................................................................... Bachelor’s .......................................................................................... Master’s or specialist degree1 ............................................................ Doctor’s..............................................................................................

14.6 61.9 23.1 0.4

7.0 69.6 23.2 0.1

2.9 69.6 27.1 0.4

0.9 61.6 37.1 0.4

0.4 50.1 49.3 0.3

0.3 48.3 50.7 0.7

0.6 46.3 52.6 0.5

0.3 43.6 54.5 1.7

0.2 43.1 56.0 0.8

College credits earned in last 3 years Percent who earned credits ............................................................... Mean number of credits earned2 .......................................................

— —

— —

60.7 14

63.2 —

56.1 9

53.1 4

50.3 4

50.2 —

46.3 —

Median years of teaching experience ....................................................

11

8

8

8

12

15

15

15

14

Teaching for first year (percent) .............................................................

8.0

9.1

9.1

5.5

2.4

3.1

3.0

2.1

3.1

Average number of pupils per class Elementary teachers, not departmentalized ...................................... Secondary and departmentalized elementary teachers ....................

29 27

28 27

27 27

25 25

25 23

24 26

23 26

24 31

21 28

Mean number of students taught per day by secondary and departmentalized elementary teachers ...........................................

—

132

135

127

118

97

93

97

86

Average number of hours in required school day ..................................

7.4

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.3

7.2

7.3

7.4

Average number of hours per week spent on all teaching duties All teachers ........................................................................................ Elementary teachers ...................................................................... Secondary teachers .......................................................................

47 49 46

47 47 48

47 46 48

46 44 48

46 44 48

49 47 51

47 44 50

49 47 52

50 49 52

Average number of days of classroom teaching in school year.............

—

181

181

180

180

180

180

180

181

Average number of nonteaching days in school year ............................

—

5

4

5

6

5

5

6

7

Average annual salary as classroom teacher (current dollars)..............

3 $5,264

$6,253

$9,261

$12,005

$17,209

$24,504

$31,790

$35,549

$43,262

Total income, including spouse’s (if married) (current dollars)...............

—

—

15,021

19,957

29,831

43,413

55,491

63,171

77,739

Willingness to teach again (percent) Certainly would .................................................................................. Probably would .................................................................................. Chances about even .......................................................................... Probably would not ............................................................................ Certainly would not ............................................................................

49.9 26.9 12.5 7.9 2.8

52.6 25.4 12.9 7.1 2.0

44.9 29.5 13.0 8.9 3.7

37.5 26.1 17.5 13.4 5.6

21.8 24.6 17.6 24.0 12.0

22.7 26.3 19.8 22.0 9.3

28.6 30.5 18.5 17.0 5.4

32.1 30.5 17.3 15.8 4.3

31.7 28.7 18.4 15.7 5.6

—Not available. 1Figures for curriculum specialist or professional diploma based on 6 years of college study are not included. 2Measured in semester hours. 3Includes extra pay for extra duties.

NOTE: Data are based on sample surveys of public school teachers. Data differ from figures appearing in other tables because of varying survey processing procedures and time period coverages. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: National Education Association, Status of the American Public School Teacher, 2000–01. (This table was prepared August 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 105 Teachers and Other Staff

Table 69. Public secondary school teachers, by subject taught: Selected years, spring 1966 through spring 2001 Subject in which largest portion of teaching time was spent 1 Total secondary school teachers (in thousands).............................................

1966

1971

1976

1981

1986

1991

1996

2001

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

746

927

1,016

995

970

1,012

1,049

1,173

100.0

Percentage distribution All subjects..............................................

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Agriculture ........................................................

1.6

0.6

0.6

1.1

0.6

0.3

0.5

0.8

Art.....................................................................

2.0

3.7

2.4

3.1

1.5

2.6

3.3

2.5

Business education ..........................................

7.0

5.9

4.6

6.2

6.5

3.5

4.1

2.4

English..............................................................

18.1

20.4

19.9

23.8

21.8

25.0

23.9

22.4

Foreign language..............................................

6.4

4.8

4.2

2.8

3.7

3.8

5.2

4.6

Health and physical education..........................

6.9

8.3

7.9

6.5

5.6

7.5

5.9

3.9

Home economics..............................................

5.9

5.1

2.8

3.6

2.6

3.1

2.2

1.9

Industrial arts....................................................

5.1

4.1

3.9

5.2

2.2

2.1

0.5

0.3

Mathematics .....................................................

13.9

14.4

18.2

15.3

19.2

14.5

17.2

18.2

Music ................................................................

4.7

3.8

3.0

3.7

4.8

4.2

4.3

2.9

Science.............................................................

10.8

10.6

13.1

12.1

11.0

13.3

12.6

15.2

Social studies ...................................................

15.3

14.0

12.4

11.2

13.6

11.0

13.4

14.5

Special education .............................................

0.4

1.1

3.0

2.1

3.5

5.2

1.7

4.0

Other.................................................................

1.9

3.1

4.0

3.3

3.4

3.9

5.2

6.4

NOTE: Data are based on sample surveys of public school teachers. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: National Education Association, Status of the American Public School Teacher, 2000–01. (This table was prepared August 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

106 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

Table 70. Percentage of vocational and nonvocational public school teachers of grades 9 to 12, by selected demographic and educational characteristics: 1999–2000 Teacher type Teacher characteristic 1

Total

Nonvocational

Vocational

2

3

4

Total...............................................................................................

100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

Sex Male ................................................................................................... Female ...............................................................................................

45.2 54.8

(0.39) (0.39)

43.6 56.4

(0.39) (0.39)

56.9 43.1

(1.08) (1.08)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........................................................................... Black, non-Hispanic ........................................................................... Hispanic ............................................................................................. Asian/Pacific Islander......................................................................... American Indian/Alaska Native..........................................................

86.1 6.5 5.1 1.3 1.0

(0.33) (0.24) (0.24) (0.07) (0.07)

86.2 6.3 5.2 1.4 1.0

(0.35) (0.25) (0.23) (0.08) (0.07)

85.3 7.8 4.6 0.8 1.5

(0.80) (0.57) (0.57) (0.14) (0.24)

Age Under 30 years .................................................................................. 30 to 39 years .................................................................................... 40 to 49 years .................................................................................... 50 years and over ..............................................................................

16.0 21.6 30.6 31.7

(0.28) (0.32) (0.32) (0.38)

17.1 22.1 30.0 30.8

(0.32) (0.36) (0.35) (0.39)

8.4 17.7 35.3 38.6

(0.60) (0.87) (1.14) (1.11)

Highest college degree Less than a bachelor’s degree........................................................... Bachelor’s degree .............................................................................. Master’s degree ................................................................................. Education specialist2 ......................................................................... Doctorate or first professional ............................................................

1.7 48.4 45.4 3.2 1.3

(0.09) (0.42) (0.40) (0.13) (0.09)

0.5 48.9 46.0 3.2 1.4

(0.05) (0.42) (0.42) (0.13) (0.10)

10.6 44.6 41.0 3.2 0.6

(0.67) (1.11) (1.07) (0.42) (0.14)

Undergraduate field of study1 Business and management ............................................................... Education........................................................................................... Academic area ............................................................................... English education ....................................................................... Music education ......................................................................... Physical education ..................................................................... Other academic area.................................................................. General .......................................................................................... Special education........................................................................... Vocational education ...................................................................... Other education ............................................................................. English ............................................................................................... Foreign language ............................................................................... Mathematics ...................................................................................... Sciences ............................................................................................ Social sciences and history ............................................................... Visual and performing arts................................................................. Other..................................................................................................

2.5 53.5 33.1 5.6 2.3 8.9 16.4 8.1 4.4 7.3 0.5 7.5 3.9 5.1 8.1 9.5 4.2 5.7

(0.18) (0.35) (0.33) (0.12) (0.11) (0.19) (0.30) (0.19) (0.13) (0.20) (#) (0.20) (0.14) (0.14) (0.17) (0.20) (0.16) (0.19)

1.5 51.7 36.1 6.1 2.6 9.6 19.2 8.6 4.8 1.6 0.5 8.3 4.3 5.7 9.0 10.2 4.5 4.8

(0.13) (0.37) (0.35) (0.14) (0.12) (0.22) (0.31) (0.20) (0.15) (0.10) (#) (0.21) (0.15) (0.16) (0.19) (0.22) (0.17) (0.18)

11.2 68.0 8.1 0.7 0.1 2.9 4.3 4.1 1.1 53.9 0.8 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.7 3.4 1.7 13.0

(0.84) (1.10) (0.06) (0.18) (0.05) (0.40) (0.05) (0.49) (0.20) (1.20) (0.16) (0.30) (0.05) (0.07) (0.14) (0.35) (0.29) (0.80)

Age at which first began to teach full time or part time 25 or under ........................................................................................ 26 to 35.............................................................................................. 36 to 45.............................................................................................. 46 to 55.............................................................................................. 56 or over...........................................................................................

62.2 25.8 9.3 2.5 0.2

(0.37) (0.34) (0.23) (0.12) (#)

63.6 25.3 8.5 2.4 0.2

(0.37) (0.34) (0.23) (0.12) (#)

51.5 29.7 15.1 3.3 0.4

(1.07) (0.97) (0.75) (0.37) (0.12)

#Rounds to zero. 1 Data are for bachelor’s degrees and major fields of study only. 2 Education specialist degrees or certificates are generally awarded for 1 year’s work beyond the master’s level.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; and “Charter Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared July 2002.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 71. Teachers’ perceptions about serious problems in their schools, by control and level of school: 1993–94 and 1999–2000 Percent of teachers indicating item is a serious problem Public school teachers 1993–94 Problem area 1

Private school teachers

1999–2000

1993–94

1999–2000

Total

Total

Elementary schools

Secondary schools

Combined schools

Total

Total

Elementary schools

Secondary schools

Combined schools

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

10.5

10.2

(0.22)

6.5

(0.31)

17.4

(0.37)

8.4

(0.45)

2.6

2.9

(0.21)

2.0

(0.20)

4.7

(0.56)

3.2

(0.42)

Student absenteeism.........................................

14.4

13.9

(0.26)

7.9

(0.36)

25.3

(0.39)

15.8

(0.90)

2.2

2.5

(0.22)

0.8

(0.13)

5.8

(0.72)

3.3

(0.48)

Teacher absenteeism.........................................

1.5

2.2

(0.10)

1.8

(0.15)

3.1

(0.16)

2.4

(0.23)

0.8

0.8

(0.11)

0.4

(0.13)

1.1

(0.23)

1.1

(0.27)

Students cutting class........................................

5.1

4.7

(0.12)

0.9

(0.10)

12.3

(0.33)

5.2

(0.42)

0.7

0.8

(0.12)

0.4

(0.10)

1.9

(0.51)

0.9

(0.22)

Physical conflicts among students.....................

8.2

4.8

(0.19)

5.2

(0.28)

3.8

(0.18)

6.3

(0.71)

1.5

1.0

(0.18)

0.6

(0.13)

1.2

(0.41)

1.5

(0.38)

Robbery or theft.................................................

4.1

2.4

(0.11)

1.9

(0.15)

3.3

(0.15)

2.9

(0.26)

0.8

0.9

(0.11)

0.5

(0.11)

2.0

(0.36)

0.8

(0.18)

Vandalism of school property ............................

6.7

3.4

(0.15)

2.7

(0.21)

4.8

(0.23)

4.2

(0.50)

1.2

0.7

(0.11)

0.7

(0.15)

0.9

(0.23)

0.6

(0.17)

Student pregnancy ............................................

7.3

3.7

(0.12)

0.4

(0.07)

9.9

(0.31)

6.5

(0.52)

0.4

0.4

(0.09)

0.2

(0.07)

1.3

(0.45)

0.2

(0.10)

Student use of alcohol .......................................

9.3

7.4

(0.14)

0.8

(0.08)

19.9

(0.34)

12.9

(0.76)

3.1

3.1

(0.16)

0.3

(0.08)

12.3

(0.66)

2.4

(0.32)

Student drug abuse ...........................................

5.7

6.0

(0.11)

0.8

(0.08)

15.9

(0.26)

11.1

(0.79)

1.3

1.8

(0.14)

0.3

(0.08)

6.9

(0.68)

1.3

(0.21)

Student possession of weapons........................

2.8

0.8

(0.06)

0.4

(0.07)

1.5

(0.10)

1.6

(0.24)

0.3

0.3

(0.06)

0.2

(0.07)

0.6

(0.28)

0.2

(0.09)

Verbal abuse of teachers ...................................

11.1

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

2.3

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

Student disrespect for teachers .........................

18.5

17.2

(0.34)

14.6

(0.49)

22.0

(0.40)

20.9

(1.10)

3.4

3.8

(0.31)

2.2

(0.30)

5.4

(0.74)

5.3

(0.56)

Students dropping out .......................................

5.8

4.6

(0.11)

0.8

(0.09)

11.5

(0.28)

9.2

(0.72)

0.6

0.5

(0.10)

0.2

(0.07)

1.2

(0.47)

0.5

(0.18)

Student apathy...................................................

23.6

20.6

(0.30)

13.8

(0.43)

33.5

(0.43)

29.4

(1.02)

4.5

4.3

(0.29)

1.9

(0.25)

9.3

(0.79)

5.3

(0.55)

Lack of academic challenge ..............................

6.5

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

1.5

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

Lack of parental involvement .............................

27.6

23.7

(0.36)

21.1

(0.56)

28.3

(0.46)

31.1

(0.80)

4.0

3.4

(0.30)

1.9

(0.26)

5.3

(0.79)

4.5

(0.56)

Parental alcoholism/drug abuse ........................

13.1

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

2.6

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

Poverty...............................................................

19.5

19.2

(0.43)

20.4

(0.61)

16.5

(0.39)

25.6

(1.02)

2.7

2.1

(0.21)

1.7

(0.26)

3.2

(0.62)

2.1

(0.37)

Racial tension ....................................................

5.1

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

0.9

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

Students come unprepared to learn ..................

28.8

29.5

(0.36)

26.6

(0.54)

34.9

(0.43)

35.8

(1.05)

4.1

4.9

(0.36)

2.7

(0.29)

10.2

(0.96)

5.5

(0.65)

—Not available. †Not applicable. NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public Teacher Questionnaire,” 1993–94 and 1999–2000; “Private Teacher Questionnaire,” 1993–94 and 1999–2000; and “Charter Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared July 2002.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 107 Teachers and Other Staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Student tardiness...............................................

Table 72. Teachers’ perceptions about teaching and school conditions, by control and level of school: 1993–94 and 1999–2000 Percent of teachers somewhat agreeing or strongly agreeing with statement Public school teachers, 1999–2000 Statement

Public total, 1993–94

1

Total

Elementary schools

Secondary schools

Private school teachers, 1999–2000 Combined schools

Private total, 1993–94

Total

Elementary schools

Secondary schools

Combined schools

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

The school administration’s behavior toward the staff is supportive....................................................

79.2 (0.36)

78.8 (0.38)

79.7 (0.53)

77.1 (0.39)

76.8 (1.20)

88.2 (0.42)

87.3 (0.45)

88.3 (0.49)

83.8 (0.72)

87.7

(1.00)

11

My principal enforces school rules for student conduct and backs me up when I need it ...................

80.8 (0.35)

82.2 (0.33)

83.7 (0.46)

79.5 (0.42)

78.9 (1.24)

88.4 (0.41)

88.3 (0.39)

88.4 (0.60)

86.8 (0.68)

88.8

(0.67)

The principal lets staff members know what is expected of them........................................................

85.6 (0.30)

87.7 (0.26)

88.7 (0.38)

86.0 (0.31)

83.3 (1.06)

88.2 (0.34)

89.8 (0.35)

89.8 (0.45)

88.4 (0.60)

90.5

(0.75)

Principal talks to me frequently about my instructional practices ........................................................

44.3 (0.46)

45.6 (0.43)

50.3 (0.62)

36.4 (0.38)

45.1 (1.40)

54.0 (0.64)

50.4 (0.64)

55.3 (0.92)

36.9 (1.11)

50.2

(1.18)

In this school, staff members are recognized for a job well done ........................................................

67.9 (0.39)

68.3 (0.42)

70.7 (0.55)

64.1 (0.48)

63.0 (1.29)

81.1 (0.40)

78.9 (0.50)

80.6 (0.62)

72.7 (0.89)

79.4

(0.96)

Principal knows what kind of school he/she wants and has communicated it to the staff ...................

80.5 (0.36)

83.2 (0.28)

85.0 (0.38)

80.1 (0.37)

77.9 (1.28)

88.6 (0.38)

88.4 (0.43)

88.3 (0.59)

87.2 (0.72)

89.2

(0.89)

Most of my colleagues share my beliefs and values about what the central mission of the school should be

84.2 (0.22)

84.7 (0.26)

87.4 (0.39)

79.5 (0.29)

82.9 (0.94)

93.2 (0.37)

92.2 (0.31)

93.2 (0.45)

88.5 (0.68)

92.6

(0.57)

There is a great deal of cooperative effort among staff .......................................................................

77.5 (0.31)

78.4 (0.32)

80.8 (0.43)

73.6 (0.38)

76.3 (1.25)

90.5 (0.29)

89.0 (0.42)

90.2 (0.46)

84.8 (0.74)

89.5

(0.95)

I receive a great deal of support from parents for the work I do ..........................................................

52.5 (0.38)

57.9 (0.40)

61.0 (0.52)

52.3 (0.44)

52.1 (1.10)

84.6 (0.41)

84.0 (0.49)

86.7 (0.58)

78.6 (1.03)

83.0

(0.92)

I make a conscious effort to coordinate the content of my courses with that of other teachers ..........

85.0 (0.25)

84.1 (0.24)

87.4 (0.35)

77.8 (0.30)

81.1 (0.85)

85.2 (0.44)

81.4 (0.55)

84.6 (0.66)

73.4 (1.00)

80.9

(0.88)

Routine duties and paperwork interfere with my job of teaching .........................................................

70.8 (0.38)

71.1 (0.30)

71.5 (0.43)

70.7 (0.37)

65.8 (1.08)

40.1 (0.65)

44.5 (0.57)

45.7 (0.84)

46.2 (0.98)

42.0

(1.18)

Level of student misbehavior in this school interferes with my teaching..............................................

44.1 (0.40)

40.8 (0.42)

40.7 (0.61)

40.8 (0.44)

42.9 (1.17)

22.4 (0.43)

24.1 (0.61)

24.8 (0.76)

22.1 (1.26)

24.2

(1.02)

Amount of student tardiness and class cutting in this school interferes with my teaching...................

27.9 (0.32)

31.5 (0.35)

25.5 (0.48)

43.4 (0.47)

29.8 (0.90)

16.9 (0.75)

15.0 (0.43)

13.1 (0.56)

16.5 (0.94)

16.9

(0.75)

Rules for student behavior are consistently enforced by teachers in this school, even for students who are not in their classes ...........................................................................................................

61.8 (0.42)

62.6 (0.39)

71.2 (0.54)

46.0 (0.49)

60.6 (0.98)

77.6 (0.50)

75.9 (0.51)

81.2 (0.65)

64.1 (1.00)

74.3

(1.02)

I am satisfied with my class sizes ........................................................................................................

64.9 (0.38)

67.7 (0.36)

66.9 (0.53)

68.2 (0.36)

79.9 (0.91)

84.4 (0.40)

85.7 (0.45)

82.2 (0.71)

81.6 (0.94)

92.7

(0.54)

I am satisfied with my teaching salary .................................................................................................

44.9 (0.45)

39.4 (0.36)

37.9 (0.54)

42.3 (0.46)

40.7 (1.09)

41.6 (0.59)

42.6 (0.73)

36.2 (0.92)

43.1 (1.18)

51.3

(1.47)

I sometimes feel it is a waste of time to try to do my best as a teacher...............................................

26.8 (0.35)

20.3 (0.29)

18.3 (0.42)

23.9 (0.33)

23.0 (0.95)

10.2 (0.65)

10.5 (0.38)

9.7 (0.53)

13.5 (0.75)

10.2

(0.65)

I plan with the librarian/media specialist for the integration of services into my teaching....................

66.9 (0.42)

58.6 (0.38)

58.7 (0.54)

58.9 (0.37)

52.9 (1.37)

60.6 (0.71)

48.7 (0.74)

47.4 (1.10)

53.4 (1.23)

48.4

(1.37)

Necessary materials are available as needed by staff ........................................................................

73.1 (0.42)

75.0 (0.32)

75.0 (0.47)

75.0 (0.35)

75.7 (0.90)

85.7 (0.44)

89.0 (0.38)

88.1 (0.55)

88.2 (0.73)

90.6

(0.66)

I worry about the security of my job because of the performance of my students on state or local tests....

—

(†)

28.8 (0.37)

31.1 (0.51)

24.2 (0.36)

28.1 (0.92)

—

(†)

6.7 (0.29)

7.2 (0.38)

5.2 (0.44)

6.8

(0.59)

I am given the support I need to teach students with special needs ...................................................

—

(†)

60.9 (0.33)

60.7 (0.49)

60.9 (0.37)

65.4 (1.23)

—

(†)

67.1 (0.58)

65.6 (0.74)

63.0 (1.02)

71.2

(1.21)

I am generally satisfied with being a teacher at this school.................................................................

—

(†)

89.7 (0.24)

90.0 (0.34)

89.3 (0.25)

87.9 (1.00)

—

(†)

93.3 (0.26)

92.4 (0.41)

93.9 (0.49)

94.3

(0.44)

—Not available. †Not applicable. NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public Teacher Questionnaire,” 1993–94 and 1999–2000; “Private Teacher Questionnaire,” 1993–94 and 1999–2000; and “Charter Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

108 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

_

_

Table 73. Mobility of public and private elementary and secondary teachers, by selected teacher and school characteristics: Selected years, 1987–88 through 2000–01 Percent of public school teachers Left teaching

Selected characteristic

1999–2000 to 2000–01

1987–88 to 1988–89

1990–91 to 1991–92

1993–94 to 1994–95

2

3

4

1

Percent of private school teachers

Remained Remained in teaching in the teaching, but same school changed schools 5

Left teaching

1999–2000 to 2000–01

Left teaching

1987–88 to 1988–89

1990–91 to 1991–92

1993–94 to 1994–95

7

8

9

10

6

Remained Remained in teaching in the teaching, but same school changed schools 11

Left teaching

12

13

5.6

(0.30)

5.1

(0.36)

6.6

(0.34)

84.9

(0.58)

7.7

(0.45)

7.4

(0.37)

12.7

(0.85)

12.3

(0.80)

11.9

(0.70)

79.1

(0.83)

8.4

(0.49)

12.5

(0.69)

Sex Male ...................................................... Female ..................................................

5.1 5.8

(0.52) (0.39)

4.5 5.3

(0.60) (0.48)

5.2 7.1

(0.32) (0.44)

86.7 84.3

(0.88) (0.73)

6.0 8.3

(0.69) (0.52)

7.4 7.4

(0.67) (0.45)

10.2 13.4

(1.72) (0.92)

12.1 12.3

(1.91) (0.84)

13.1 11.6

(1.20) (0.78)

81.1 78.5

(1.60) (0.92)

7.2 8.8

(0.79) (0.57)

11.7 12.8

(1.48) (0.76)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic.............................. Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............................ American Indian/Alaska Native.............

5.7 5.1 2.9 4.2 3.1

(0.32) (1.84) (0.84) (2.77) (1.70)

5.1 6.1 4.4 7.0 1.7

(0.37) (1.45) (0.99) (5.37) (0.77)

6.5 6.6 9.1 2.4 3.5

(0.36) (1.48) (2.14) (0.71) (1.06)

85.0 84.3 85.4 81.7 87.7

(0.59) (2.36) (2.12) (7.70) (5.51)

7.6 8.3 7.1 16.2 4.7

(0.44) (1.77) (1.17) (7.37) (2.61)

7.5 7.4 7.5 2.1 7.6

(0.45) (1.60) (1.67) (0.87) (3.68)

12.1 (0.90) 34.7 (8.35) 21.3 (6.46) 8.8 (10.39) 17.5 (15.61)

12.0 (0.86) 19.3 (6.76) 13.6 (4.32) 12.2 (6.51) 16.5 (18.44)

11.7 (0.69) 12.6 (4.52) 14.6 (4.31) 17.5 (8.67) 38.5 (20.33)

79.0 (0.87) 83.2 (5.44) 81.5 (3.41) 68.6 (12.71) 76.9 (15.48)

8.7 (0.53) 2.1 (0.98) 8.9 (2.07) 7.2 (2.61) 2.9 (10.53)

12.3 14.8 9.6 24.2 20.2

(0.73) (5.09) (2.85) (12.23) (12.71)

Age Less than 25 ......................................... 25 to 29................................................. 30 to 39................................................. 40 to 49................................................. 50 to 59................................................. 60 to 64................................................. 65 and over ...........................................

4.3 9.0 5.8 2.4 5.7 23.4 16.7

(0.91) (1.18) (0.59) (0.32) (0.82) (0.82) (4.90)

9.1 (2.30) 9.0 (1.21) 4.2 (0.76) 2.0 (0.31) 6.7 (0.95) 26.8 (4.30) 40.9 (13.80)

3.8 10.0 6.7 3.9 6.3 30.5 34.1

(1.05) (1.25) (0.94) (0.54) (0.77) (4.78) (7.79)

76.4 74.1 84.9 88.7 88.1 72.1 80.4

(3.56) (2.39) (1.08) (0.98) (1.05) (5.72) (5.83)

14.4 16.2 8.6 6.7 3.8 2.2 3.1

(2.48) (2.14) (0.75) (0.70) (0.60) (1.00) (1.81)

9.3 9.7 6.5 4.6 8.1 25.7 16.6

(2.20) (1.39) (0.88) (0.62) (0.80) (5.44) (5.44)

19.0 17.6 12.4 10.5 11.3 16.9 7.9

(3.79) (2.42) (1.59) (1.63) (2.45) (5.93) (3.16)

23.8 17.8 13.7 7.7 9.6 17.8 20.7

(4.91) (2.27) (1.65) (1.03) (1.90) (4.62) (5.83)

20.0 13.1 14.9 8.7 8.2 13.1 41.9

(4.19) (1.35) (1.54) (1.02) (1.53) (2.74) (8.67)

58.5 67.9 77.5 83.8 88.9 71.0 70.6

(4.40) (2.63) (1.88) (1.58) (1.43) (5.64) (7.60)

11.5 13.6 8.8 7.7 5.2 10.9 #

(2.04) (1.55) (1.08) (0.86) (1.02) (4.76) (†)

29.9 18.6 13.7 8.5 5.9 18.1 29.4

(4.24) (2.07) (1.52) (1.34) (0.90) (3.72) (7.60)

Full- and part-time prior teaching experience 1 year or less ........................................ 2 years .................................................. 3 years .................................................. 4 to 10 years ......................................... 11 to 20 years ....................................... 21 to 25 years ....................................... More than 25 years ...............................

7.9 7.3 9.3 6.4 3.5 3.5 11.3

(0.96) (1.81) (1.50) (0.89) (0.42) (0.87) (1.63)

7.0 9.5 6.6 5.3 2.3 4.2 11.0

(1.31) (1.89) (1.24) (0.89) (0.30) (0.87) (1.34)

5.7 9.1 9.8 6.8 4.9 4.0 12.0

(0.82) (1.51) (1.42) (0.94) (0.64) (0.81) (1.04)

75.1 77.5 79.6 82.5 88.5 90.7 86.1

(2.56) (2.83) (2.71) (1.16) (1.08) (1.10) (1.37)

14.4 14.0 12.8 10.3 6.3 5.1 2.5

(1.73) (2.66) (1.98) (1.02) (0.76) (0.88) (0.75)

10.5 8.5 7.5 7.3 5.2 4.2 11.4

(1.93) (1.94) (1.60) (0.72) (0.74) (0.68) (1.05)

15.9 18.2 15.4 14.0 11.5 5.2 8.4

(2.73) (3.32) (3.80) (1.91) (1.73) (2.36) (2.03)

22.8 19.5 19.0 12.4 6.6 3.3 15.0

(2.85) (3.19) (3.35) (1.73) (1.00) (1.40) (3.24)

18.2 23.6 12.8 13.1 7.1 6.0 12.7

(2.12) (2.72) (2.15) (1.51) (0.93) (1.64) (2.53)

58.9 70.1 68.0 76.3 87.2 88.0 85.9

(4.37) (3.45) (3.40) (1.87) (1.36) (1.99) (2.08)

12.2 7.3 14.1 11.1 5.9 6.5 4.1

(1.97) (1.24) (2.49) (1.14) (0.76) (1.41) (1.59)

28.9 22.5 17.8 12.6 6.9 5.5 10.0

(3.95) (3.24) (2.49) (1.37) (1.13) (1.32) (1.40)

Level taught Elementary............................................ Secondary.............................................

5.5 5.6

(0.39) (0.42)

4.8 5.5

(0.45) (0.62)

6.4 6.7

(0.53) (0.53)

84.8 85.2

(0.74) (0.95)

8.4 6.2

(0.57) (0.66)

6.8 8.6

(0.45) (0.71)

12.5 12.9

(0.99) (2.38)

11.3 13.3

(1.02) (1.51)

11.5 12.6

(0.96) (1.51)

78.4 82.5

(0.91) (1.55)

8.3 9.0

(0.46) (1.52)

13.4 8.5

(0.84) (0.90)

School size Less than 150 ....................................... 150 to 349............................................. 350 to 499............................................. 500 to 749............................................. 750 or more ..........................................

7.3 4.8 6.1 5.6 5.0

(1.36) (0.45) (0.98) (0.77) (0.48)

4.4 3.9 6.4 4.7 5.4

(0.69) (0.53) (1.03) (0.68) (0.54)

6.4 7.8 5.8 7.6 5.7

(1.15) (1.03) (0.73) (0.67) (0.57)

78.1 85.1 85.1 84.7 85.5

(4.06) (1.45) (1.55) (1.18) (0.99)

12.4 8.2 7.6 8.2 6.8

(3.03) (0.90) (1.07) (0.77) (0.67)

9.5 6.7 7.4 7.1 7.7

(2.29) (0.99) (0.85) (0.78) (0.74)

16.6 10.9 10.7 9.6 12.9

(1.72) (1.62) (2.63) (2.07) (3.14)

16.3 13.3 6.3 9.8 6.7

(1.87) (1.42) (1.47) (2.11) (2.58)

14.8 12.6 12.1 7.1 6.2

(1.43) (1.21) (1.95) (1.27) (1.18)

75.4 78.0 83.2 81.9 81.6

(2.16) (1.34) (1.63) (2.10) (2.04)

9.9 8.8 6.5 7.1 7.6

(1.39) (0.71) (0.98) (0.96) (1.60)

14.6 13.1 10.3 11.1 10.8

(1.45) (1.24) (1.26) (1.91) (1.64)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 109 Teachers and Other Staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total..................................................

Percent of public school teachers Left teaching

Selected characteristic

1987–88 to 1988–89

1990–91 to 1991–92

1993–94 to 1994–95

2

3

4

1

Percent of private school teachers 1999–2000 to 2000–01

Remained Remained in teaching in the teaching, but same school changed schools 5

Left teaching

1999–2000 to 2000–01

Left teaching

1987–88 to 1988–89

1990–91 to 1991–92

1993–94 to 1994–95

7

8

9

10

6

Remained Remained in teaching in the teaching, but same school changed schools 11

Left teaching

12

13

Percent minority enrollment Less than 5 percent .............................. 5 to 19 percent...................................... 20 to 49 percent.................................... 50 percent or more ...............................

5.8 5.8 5.2 5.3

(0.60) (0.74) (0.64) (0.66)

4.5 5.5 5.9 4.9

(0.51) (0.73) (0.73) (0.66)

7.1 6.0 6.2 6.9

(0.68) (0.71) (0.82) (0.72)

86.2 86.4 82.5 83.7

(0.95) (1.02) (1.45) (1.01)

7.3 6.7 8.0 9.0

(0.72) (0.91) (0.92) (0.84)

6.5 6.9 9.5 7.3

(0.78) (0.66) (1.09) (0.68)

12.7 10.3 18.9 13.6

(1.27) (1.37) (4.18) (2.85)

12.2 12.2 12.2 13.1

(1.35) (1.40) (2.01) (2.35)

11.2 11.1 15.6 13.2

(0.99) (1.07) (2.28) (2.15)

75.4 78.0 83.2 81.9

(2.16) (1.34) (1.63) (2.10)

81.6 9.9 8.8 6.5

(2.04) (1.39) (0.71) (0.98)

7.1 7.6 14.6 13.1

(0.96) (1.60) (1.45) (1.24)

Community type Central city............................................ Urban fringe/large town ........................ Rural/small town ...................................

4.6 5.6 5.7

(0.59) (0.59) (0.52)

5.2 5.5 4.8

(0.65) (0.75) (0.39)

6.3 6.5 6.8

(0.64) (0.70) (0.59)

84.8 83.7 86.7

(1.26) (0.99) (0.78)

8.1 8.0 7.0

(1.01) (0.66) (0.53)

7.1 8.3 6.3

(0.65) (0.77) (0.52)

13.5 11.5 15.0

(1.67) (1.51) (1.78)

12.7 10.6 13.9

(1.40) (1.21) (1.81)

10.9 12.6 13.6

(0.75) (1.32) (1.46)

79.1 80.6 75.2

(1.19) (1.26) (2.77)

8.8 7.6 9.2

(0.80) (0.81) (1.65)

12.1 11.8 15.5

(0.96) (1.23) (1.92)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), Characteristics of Stayers, Movers, and Leavers: Results From the Teacher Follow-up Survey 1994–95; Teacher Attrition and Mobility: Results From the Teacher Follow-up Survey: 2000–01; and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared October 2005.)

110 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

Table 73. Mobility of public and private elementary and secondary teachers, by selected teacher and school characteristics: Selected years, 1987–88 through 2000–01—Continued

Table 74. Average base salary for full-time teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by highest degree earned and years of full-time teaching: 1990–91, 1993–94, and 1999–2000 Salary (constant 2004–05 dollars)3

Salary (current dollars) Highest degree earned Years of full-time teaching experience 1

Number of full-time teachers

All teachers1

Bachelor’s degree

2

3

4

1990–91 Total............................... 2,336,753 (20,958.2) $31,331

Master’s degree

Doctor’s degree

All teachers1

Bachelor’s degree

Master’s degree

Education specialist2

Doctor’s degree

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

$34,955

(125.3)

$37,231

(390.5)

(816.6)

$44,848

(139.0)

$39,703

(147.2)

(559.0)

$57,350 (1,169.0)

94,000 (3,014.1)

22,209

(200.3)

21,512

(207.0)

26,435

(863.3)

26,630

(982.1)

26,347 (3,876.2)

31,790

(286.7)

30,793

(296.3)

37,840 (1,235.7)

38,118 (1,405.7)

37,714 (5,548.5)

2 years ...................................

86,903 (2,963.1)

22,119

(162.3)

21,648

(147.4)

25,064

(505.1)

28,685 (4,068.3)

24,413 (2,176.9)

31,662

(232.4)

30,988

(211.0)

35,878

(723.0)

41,060 (5,823.4)

34,945 (3,116.1)

3 years ...................................

80,337 (2,541.5)

23,010

(177.3)

22,444

(174.2)

25,960

(694.6)

24,064

(989.3)

23,752 (1,739.8)

32,937

(253.8)

32,126

(249.3)

37,160

(994.3)

34,446 (1,416.2)

34,000 (2,490.4)

4 years ...................................

79,613 (3,270.5)

23,961

(236.4)

23,150

(245.7)

26,340

(526.0)

29,162 (1,489.3)

32,362 (3,908.4)

34,299

(338.4)

33,138

(351.7)

37,703

(753.0)

41,743 (2,131.9)

46,324 (5,594.5)

5 years ...................................

83,538 (3,238.0)

25,084

(201.5)

24,070

(240.5)

27,217

(436.4)

29,870 (2,194.7)

28,981 (3,235.8)

35,906

(288.5)

34,454

(344.2)

38,959

(624.7)

42,756 (3,141.5)

41,484 (4,631.7)

6 to 9 years ............................

316,213 (6,804.6)

26,502

(108.5)

25,013

(135.3)

28,796

(237.4)

30,209

(761.1)

30,022 (1,222.4)

37,936

(155.4)

35,804

(193.7)

41,219

(339.9)

43,242 (1,089.5)

42,974 (1,749.8)

10 to 14 years ........................

408,303 (7,842.9)

29,622

(160.9)

27,319

(171.9)

31,760

(299.5)

33,638

(592.0)

37,904 (1,942.7)

42,402

(230.3)

39,106

(246.0)

45,461

(428.7)

48,150

(847.5)

54,257 (2,780.8)

15 to 19 years ........................

444,934 (7,580.0)

33,587

(209.0)

30,821

(252.8)

35,243

(248.4)

37,798

(841.9)

40,337 (1,548.3)

48,078

(299.2)

44,118

(361.8)

50,448

(355.6)

54,104 (1,205.1)

57,739 (2,216.3)

20 to 24 years ........................

392,327 (8,037.9)

36,956

(202.4)

34,054

(274.3)

38,455

(242.6)

39,522

(838.4)

43,736 (1,391.4)

52,900

(289.8)

48,745

(392.7)

55,046

(347.3)

56,572 (1,200.1)

62,604 (1,991.6)

25 to 29 years ........................

219,141 (6,213.5)

38,104

(305.4)

34,775

(409.2)

39,826

(369.6)

42,462 (1,257.0)

43,112 (2,179.4)

54,543

(437.1)

49,778

(585.7)

57,008

(529.1)

60,781 (1,799.4)

61,712 (3,119.7)

30 to 34 years ........................

100,465 (4,766.2)

38,528

(379.6)

35,035

(450.8)

40,659

(489.4)

40,905 (1,596.1)

45,428 (2,339.0)

55,150

(543.3)

50,150

(645.3)

58,200

(700.6)

58,552 (2,284.7)

65,027 (3,348.1)

35 years or more....................

30,980 (2,515.2)

39,154

(888.3)

34,116 (1,258.3)

41,734 (1,115.7)

49,811 (4,431.8)

49,215 (3,573.2)

56,045 (1,271.5)

59,740 (1,597.0)

71,301 (6,343.7)

70,447 (5,114.7)

(97.4) $38,479

(154.4)

$40,680

(419.2)

(179.3)

$53,293

$44,822

(118.6)

$39,530

(127.7)

$50,446

(202.5)

(549.6)

$54,604 (1,742.2)

105,539 (2,970.0)

23,637

(140.0)

23,024

(164.0)

26,956

(444.1)

28,470 (1,340.3)

28,234

(841.1)

30,988

(183.5)

30,185

(214.9)

35,339

(582.2)

37,324 (1,757.1)

37,015 (1,102.7)

2 years ...................................

95,885 (3,534.3)

24,401

(179.6)

23,688

(149.7)

27,202

(421.8)

25,185 (1,178.0)

32,763 (2,938.1)

31,990

(235.5)

31,055

(196.2)

35,662

(553.0)

33,018 (1,544.4)

42,953 (3,851.9)

3 years ...................................

87,843 (3,415.5)

25,305

(205.9)

24,286

(198.8)

29,981

(658.1)

28,731 (1,004.2)

27,019 (2,575.6)

33,175

(269.9)

31,839

(260.6)

39,306

(862.8)

37,666 (1,316.5)

35,423 (3,376.7)

4 years ...................................

98,756 (3,615.1)

26,320

(242.8)

25,164

(213.7)

30,200

(643.1)

27,610 (1,244.2)

31,121 (1,278.6)

34,506

(318.3)

32,991

(280.2)

39,592

(843.1)

36,197 (1,631.2)

40,800 (1,676.3)

5 years ...................................

90,465 (2,812.6)

27,136

(215.9)

25,845

(174.9)

30,106

(555.5)

30,639

25,897 (3,264.7)

35,575

(283.1)

33,884

(229.3)

39,470

(728.2)

40,168

33,952 (4,280.1)

6 to 9 years ............................

306,964 (6,059.0)

29,167

(136.2)

27,122

(135.8)

32,241

(289.0)

34,341 (1,051.8)

32,167 (2,297.6)

38,238

(178.6)

35,557

(178.1)

42,269

(378.9)

45,021 (1,378.9)

42,171 (3,012.2)

10 to 14 years ........................

362,358 (6,221.5)

32,289

(134.4)

29,751

(208.3)

34,733

(225.8)

37,316

(726.9)

39,625 (1,321.5)

42,331

(176.2)

39,004

(273.1)

45,535

(296.0)

48,922

(952.9)

51,949 (1,732.5)

15 to 19 years ........................

372,479 (6,007.6)

36,107

(182.5)

33,267

(236.8)

38,355

(256.3)

38,647

(575.0)

40,310 (1,248.3)

47,337

(239.3)

43,613

(310.4)

50,284

(336.1)

50,666

(753.9)

52,847 (1,636.6)

20 to 24 years ........................

407,663 (7,928.3)

39,620

(211.5)

36,536

(267.0)

41,358

(287.5)

43,563

(808.7)

46,126 (2,596.1)

51,943

(277.3)

47,899

(350.0)

54,220

(377.0)

57,112 (1,060.3)

60,472 (3,403.5)

25 to 29 years ........................

264,522 (6,323.9)

42,833

(258.1)

38,802

(348.8)

45,011

(385.3)

45,977

(867.7)

53,684 (2,007.3)

56,155

(338.3)

50,870

(457.2)

59,009

(505.1)

60,276 (1,137.5)

70,380 (2,631.6)

30 to 34 years ........................

105,461 (3,939.8)

43,558

(387.0)

39,502

(628.2)

45,434

(417.2)

49,519 (1,687.8)

44,997 (1,385.5)

57,105

(507.4)

51,787

(823.6)

59,564

(546.9)

64,920 (2,212.7)

58,992 (1,816.4)

35 years or more....................

31,794 (1,965.2)

42,799 (1,082.4)

37,379

(1,229)

46,016 (1,643.0)

45,004 (2,085.9)

50,751 (2,650.0)

56,111 (1,419.0)

60,327 (2,154.0)

59,001 (2,734.6)

66,535 (3,474.2)

(671.5)

$41,650 (1,328.9)

48,835 (1,801.1)

$50,036

1 year or less .........................

See notes at end of table.

(90.5) $30,152

$40,065

49,004 (1,610.9)

$53,332

(880.3)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 111 Teachers and Other Staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

(102.8)

1 year or less .........................

1993–94 Total............................... 2,329,730 (21,659.9) $34,189

(97.1) $27,736

Highest degree earned

Education specialist2

Salary (constant 2004–05 dollars)3

Salary (current dollars) Highest degree earned Years of full-time teaching experience 1

Number of full-time teachers

All teachers1

Bachelor’s degree

2

3

4

1999–2000 Total............................... 2,742,213 (20,300.8) $39,891

Highest degree earned

Master’s degree

Education specialist2

Doctor’s degree

All teachers1

Bachelor’s degree

Master’s degree

Education specialist2

Doctor’s degree

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

(497.6)

$54,551 (1,605.7)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

(118.2)

$35,306

(116.1)

$44,704

(173.7)

(439.5)

$48,176 (1,418.1)

$45,169

(133.9)

$39,977

(131.4)

$50,619

(196.7)

1 year or less .........................

172,709 (5,491.8)

29,284

(165.6)

28,114

(149.8)

34,007

(446.1)

33,356 (1,009.0)

36,501 (2,312.8)

33,158

(187.6)

31,834

(169.6)

38,507

(505.1)

37,769 (1,142.5)

41,331 (2,618.8)

2 years ...................................

161,216 (5,678.3)

29,672

(179.2)

28,797

(165.0)

33,026

(404.2)

44,945 (5,531.0)

34,891

(872.2)

33,598

(202.9)

32,607

(186.9)

37,396

(457.7)

50,892 (6,262.9)

39,507

3 years ...................................

145,286 (4,629.7)

30,687

(169.2)

29,652

(198.8)

34,358

(369.6)

34,543 (1,340.6)

33,426 (1,318.8)

34,747

(191.6)

33,575

(225.1)

38,905

(418.5)

39,113 (1,518.0)

37,849 (1,493.2)

4 years ...................................

133,842 (5,656.8)

32,382

(257.9)

30,806

(232.5)

35,868

(665.4)

37,125 (1,354.4)

38,152 (2,437.3)

36,667

(292.1)

34,882

(263.2)

40,614

(753.4)

42,038 (1,533.6)

43,200 (2,759.8)

5 years ...................................

120,493 (4,300.4)

32,443

(253.3)

31,039

(287.1)

34,884

(392.2)

35,804 (1,915.2)

42,737 (2,045.9)

36,736

(286.8)

35,146

(325.1)

39,500

(444.1)

40,542 (2,168.7)

48,392 (2,316.6)

6 to 9 years ............................

385,840 (8,205.2)

34,963

(167.2)

32,635

(190.5)

37,796

(240.2)

40,173

(836.2)

41,257 (2,301.6)

39,589

(189.4)

36,953

(215.7)

42,797

(271.9)

45,488

(946.8)

46,716 (2,606.1)

10 to 14 years ........................

382,734 (6,297.9)

39,337

(257.1)

36,160

(386.1)

42,069

(334.5)

44,836

(987.8)

44,152 (2,405.4)

44,541

(291.1)

40,945

(437.2)

47,635

(378.7)

50,769 (1,118.5)

49,994 (2,723.7)

15 to 19 years ........................

321,741 (8,067.3)

43,397

(224.8)

40,275

(318.1)

45,927

(356.5)

47,266

(916.3)

45,909 (1,486.6)

49,139

(254.6)

45,604

(360.2)

52,004

(403.6)

53,520 (1,037.5)

51,984 (1,683.4)

20 to 24 years ........................

351,726 (6,993.1)

45,651

(263.8)

41,259

(278.7)

48,483

(383.2)

49,001 (1,054.8)

52,564 (4,024.6)

51,691

(298.8)

46,718

(315.5)

54,898

(433.9)

55,484 (1,194.4)

59,519 (4,557.1)

25 to 29 years ........................

329,167 (7,167.4)

48,540

(276.2)

44,752

(333.0)

50,166

(398.5)

54,234

58,516 (2,006.5)

54,962

(312.7)

50,674

(377.1)

56,804

(451.3)

61,410 (1,096.1)

66,259 (2,271.9)

30 to 34 years ........................

185,469 (5,487.8)

52,155

(345.9)

47,265

(634.0)

54,244

(440.8)

55,994 (1,126.0)

66,623 (5,326.1)

59,055

(391.7)

53,519

(717.9)

61,422

(499.2)

63,403 (1,274.9)

75,438 (6,030.8)

35 years or more....................

51,991 (3,005.9)

50,619

(672.9)

46,690 (1,359.3)

52,272

(923.3)

56,204 (2,797.3)

53,176 (1,974.8)

57,316

(761.9)

52,868 (1,539.2)

59,188 (1,045.5)

63,641 (3,167.4)

60,213 (2,236.1)

1 Includes teachers with levels of education below the bachelor’s degree (not shown separately). 2 Includes certificate of advanced graduate studies. 3Constant 2004–05 dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor

$47,987

Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. NOTE: This table includes regular full-time teachers only; it excludes other staff even when they have full-time teaching duties (regular part-time teachers, itinerant teachers, long-term substitutes, administrators, library media specialists, other profes-

(968.0)

$54,337

(987.6)

sional staff, and support staff). Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public Teacher Questionnaire,” 1990–91, 1993–94, and 1999–2000; and “Charter Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

112 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

Table 74. Average base salary for full-time teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by highest degree earned and years of full-time teaching: 1990–91, 1993–94, and 1999–2000—Continued

_

Table 75. Average salaries for full-time teachers in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1999–2000

Selected characteristic

Total earned income

Base salary

Number of full–time teachers

2

3

4

1

School year supplemental contract

Supplemental contract during summer

Number of teachers

Supplemental salary

Number of teachers

Supplemental salary

Teaching or tutor

Education related

Not education related

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

$2,443

(48.7)

566,109 (10,854.7)

Public schools Total............................

$42,949

(124.4)

$39,891

Sex Males .............................. Females ..........................

46,891 41,596

(237.2) (128.7)

41,104 39,475

(198.2) 700,410 (10,186.9) (126.5) 2,041,803 (16,613.1)

407,686 (6,511.6) 709,315 (10,621.1)

3,371 1,910

(62.0) (68.5)

176,372 389,737

951,147 (13,069.4) 78,547 (3,787.5) 63,253 (4,280.3) 15,137 (1,590.8)

2,466 2,488 2,093 2,030

(54.9) (147.5) (133.9) (175.5)

(118.2) 2,742,213 (20,300.8) 1,117,001 (14,582.3)

43,032 43,150 41,241 44,884

(134.4) (431.1) (362.6) (697.4)

40,022 39,377 38,488 41,944

(124.5) 2,303,096 (17,467.0) (396.0) 214,423 (6,039.8) (310.6) 157,205 (6,154.8) (603.0) 44,343 (2,483.4)

40,697

(1,002.0)

37,271

(932.6)

Age Less than 30 ................... 30 to 39........................... 40 to 49........................... 50 or more ......................

33,583 38,468 44,375 50,278

(137.0) (173.1) (185.2) (207.6)

30,386 35,502 41,407 47,138

Years of full-time and parttime teaching experience 1 year or less .................. 2 to 4 years ..................... 5 to 9 years ..................... 10 to 14 years ................. 15 to 19 years ................. 20 or more years.............

33,155 33,360 37,154 41,410 45,630 51,328

(249.5) (131.6) (182.4) (275.6) (249.1) (196.4)

Level Elementary...................... Secondary.......................

41,514 44,526

Private schools Total............................ Sex Males .............................. Females .......................... Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Asian/Pacific Islander...... American Indian/Alaska Native........................ Age Less than 30 ................... 30 to 39........................... 40 to 49........................... 50 or more ...................... See notes at end of table.

23,146

$2,307

(27.7)

120,254

(4,374.8)

86,585

(3,153.4)

251,101

(6,343.9)

(5,008.9) (8,976.5)

2,877 2,050

(46.9) (34.7)

36,887 83,367

(1,838.6) (3,730.5)

38,687 47,898

(2,033.4) (2,719.1)

119,649 131,452

(4,238.3) (4,952.1)

442,513 67,933 40,679 9,337

(8,954.7) (3,402.6) (3,049.3) (911.5)

2,210 2,799 2,410 2,804

(32.5) (101.1) (118.0) (151.9)

101,194 9,577 6,980 1,862

(3,402.5) (1,378.8) (1,184.4) (557.7)

76,000 5,910 2,708 1,069

(2,910.4) (886.5) (627.3) (181.3)

212,202 21,455 11,007 3,860

(5,721.9) (1,734.3) (1,509.4) (843.8)

(1,772.5)

8,917

(609.1)

2,717

(283.3)

5,647

(750.9)

2,445

(201.1)

640

(180.1)

898

(460.5)

2,577

(498.5)

(122.1) (152.2) (152.5) (203.3)

474,670 (9,129.4) 599,706 (10,081.1) 862,567 (10,202.1) 805,270 (13,566.8)

231,485 265,928 340,739 278,848

(6,111.4) (7,787.9) (6,699.6) (7,286.4)

2,131 2,367 2,498 2,707

(77.4) (60.4) (86.8) (130.0)

120,945 131,032 170,809 143,324

(4,559.1) (4,330.9) (4,727.5) (5,657.7)

2,124 2,271 2,311 2,491

(60.4) (60.5) (57.7) (66.5)

20,934 25,660 37,029 36,631

(1,943.1) (1,874.7) (2,161.8) (1,953.3)

15,656 20,365 28,502 22,062

(1,400.0) (2,075.3) (1,767.5) (1,351.5)

52,187 55,913 71,814 71,186

(2,760.8) (2,271.5) (2,895.9) (3,213.4)

29,088 30,434 34,066 38,712 42,942 48,115

(179.3) (113.7) (137.8) (253.7) (221.8) (178.4)

143,606 (4,949.3) 421,713 (8,029.7) 508,472 (10,354.4) 375,832 (6,514.1) 325,836 (7,677.5) 966,754 (14,426.8)

55,014 193,304 226,635 150,898 118,707 372,443

(2,803.1) (5,324.4) (6,080.1) (4,496.3) (4,107.0) (7,754.2)

1,807 2,077 2,364 2,214 2,476 2,856

(142.5) (75.0) (87.0) (82.2) (97.9) (118.8)

31,028 104,640 119,917 70,163 64,032 176,330

(2,223.4) (4,164.6) (4,291.9) (3,328.1) (3,427.6) (5,862.9)

2,473 2,138 2,199 2,381 2,380 2,396

(138.2) (67.2) (69.1) (85.2) (90.7) (60.1)

6,290 16,264 24,132 15,426 13,715 44,427

(1,052.1) (1,476.8) (1,862.5) (1,147.8) (1,154.6) (2,484.2)

4,381 12,329 16,975 11,248 11,891 29,762

(705.0) (1,333.6) (1,623.6) (1,256.3) (1,160.0) (1,555.4)

17,774 45,841 46,716 30,387 21,464 88,919

(1,462.4) (2,393.9) (2,639.9) (2,227.3) (1,395.5) (3,320.0)

(182.3) (165.9)

39,451 40,375

(171.7) 1,436,333 (13,331.7) (161.5) 1,305,880 (17,579.4)

408,046 (9,078.1) 708,955 (11,938.4)

1,872 2,771

(103.0) (40.6)

279,481 286,629

(8,635.3) (6,270.3)

1,979 2,627

(46.4) (37.8)

51,844 68,410

(3,635.5) (2,496.8)

31,161 55,425

(2,459.0) (2,304.6)

99,048 152,052

(4,579.3) (4,664.3)

$29,822

(209.0)

$27,214

(194.5)

365,682

(8,843.6)

89,391

(3,349.4)

$2,086

(66.3)

75,663

(2,733.0)

$2,615

(79.0)

21,552

(1,088.2)

14,091

(978.5)

37,671

(1,622.0)

36,524 27,771

(389.4) (198.6)

31,438 25,922

(346.3) (189.4)

85,694 279,988

(3,253.9) (6,695.7)

36,432 52,959

(1,711.4) (2,313.6)

2,703 1,662

(96.9) (88.6)

22,437 53,225

(1,354.1) (2,204.5)

3,219 2,361

(149.1) (81.5)

5,511 16,042

(446.8) (965.2)

6,294 7,798

(706.0) (685.4)

15,489 22,182

(1,013.9) (1,176.8)

29,942 27,593 29,508 30,029

(192.0) (986.3) (1,266.3) (891.2)

27,340 24,374 27,162 27,763

(169.3) (891.4) (1,238.7) (888.5)

327,448 13,697 16,615 5,974

(7,891.6) (1,208.2) (1,408.9) (517.8)

81,422 2,544 4,354 777

(3,193.8) (386.8) (790.5) (141.7)

2,100 1,451 2,293 1,386

(71.1) (276.4) (273.4) (242.0)

64,910 4,291 4,124 1,809

(2,706.7) (569.6) (516.4) (275.7)

2,656 2,403 2,228 2,680

(84.8) (243.3) (185.2) (428.5)

19,389 302 1,373 376

(969.9) (110.6) (364.5) (89.6)

12,335 1,082 478 80

(882.9) (319.7) (148.4) (46.3)

34,538 1,826 708 334

(1,509.4) (404.8) (160.8) (92.5)

27,302

(1,574.5)

24,760

(1,455.8)

1,948

(314.5)

‡

(†)

‡

(†)

‡

(†)

‡

(†)

112

(61.9)

116

(55.3)

265

(112.3)

25,289 29,841 29,638 33,278

(299.7) (369.2) (329.4) (324.0)

22,299 26,828 27,229 31,063

(306.2) (336.1) (290.9) (295.2)

76,044 81,044 103,748 104,846

(3,002.4) (2,724.1) (3,558.1) (2,906.3)

21,238 23,473 24,101 20,580

(1,141.0) (1,479.3) (1,207.3) (1,078.6)

2,031 2,096 2,134 2,075

(135.2) (93.8) (158.1) (141.1)

20,146 19,618 19,767 16,132

(1,197.7) (1,310.4) (1,082.0) (1,173.6)

2,279 2,775 2,698 2,738

(97.0) (177.4) (160.3) (159.6)

3,631 5,431 6,500 5,990

(350.5) (553.9) (752.2) (509.6)

2,956 3,180 4,505 3,450

(360.6) (433.2) (502.8) (453.7)

10,539 10,191 9,675 7,267

(909.8) (731.5) (731.1) (625.1)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 113 Teachers and Other Staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Asian/Pacific Islander...... American Indian/Alaska Native........................

Number of teachers with non–school employment

Selected characteristic

School year supplemental contract

Supplemental contract during summer

Number of teachers with non–school employment

Total earned income

Base salary

Number of full–time teachers

Number of teachers

Supplemental salary

Number of teachers

Supplemental salary

Teaching or tutor

Education related

Not education related

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1 Years of full-time and part-time teaching experience 1 year or less .................. 2 to 4 years ..................... 5 to 9 years ..................... 10 to 14 years ................. 15 to 19 years ................. 20 or more years.............

24,402 25,338 27,715 30,220 31,639 35,856

(439.1) (295.4) (455.7) (387.2) (440.2) (326.3)

20,794 22,548 24,900 28,125 29,479 33,326

(420.3) (270.4) (404.7) (364.7) (426.7) (285.7)

27,387 72,391 76,128 55,366 47,343 87,068

(1,413.4) (2,774.5) (2,667.1) (1,898.9) (2,036.3) (2,802.7)

5,247 18,497 20,596 13,299 9,750 22,003

(606.7) (1,045.4) (1,340.3) (1,141.9) (678.9) (1,115.9)

1,745 1,786 2,113 2,077 2,296 2,307

(132.3) (101.2) (138.5) (217.2) (215.2) (153.8)

6,155 17,961 16,968 11,551 8,498 14,529

(594.3) (1,127.4) (947.5) (882.7) (681.3) (1,107.7)

2,699 2,374 2,634 2,073 3,208 2,940

(228.0) (107.9) (204.2) (103.1) (306.2) (158.0)

1,123 3,235 4,805 4,090 2,629 5,670

(214.5) (339.4) (492.5) (443.5) (426.8) (528.3)

1,215 3,266 3,066 1,973 1,725 2,845

(283.6) (439.4) (488.0) (309.0) (372.4) (324.8)

4,057 9,632 9,208 4,588 3,426 6,759

(467.6) (744.3) (900.4) (464.7) (419.7) (630.2)

Level Elementary...................... Secondary.......................

26,989 33,927

(241.2) (306.2)

25,098 30,280

(225.4) (272.9)

216,361 149,322

(5,180.9) (4,945.3)

33,287 56,104

(1,807.7) (2,410.8)

1,834 2,236

(121.7) (71.4)

39,377 36,286

(2,002.9) (1,734.6)

2,336 2,918

(92.4) (105.0)

11,857 9,695

(774.2) (771.9)

5,960 8,131

(587.5) (667.2)

19,647 18,024

(1,054.8) (1,108.4)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. NOTE: This table includes regular full-time teachers only; it excludes other staff even when they have full-time teaching duties (regular part-time teachers, itinerant teachers, long-term substitutes, administrators, library media specialists, other profes-

sional staff, and support staff). Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding, missing values in cells with too few cases to report, and survey item nonresponse. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; “Private Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; and “Charter Teacher Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

114 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

Table 75. Average salaries for full-time teachers in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1999–2000—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 115 Teachers and Other Staff _

Table 76. Estimated average annual salary of teachers in public elementary and secondary schools: Selected years, 1959–60 through 2004–05 Constant 2004–05 dollars2

Current dollars

School year 1

All teachers

Elementary teachers

Secondary teachers

Wage and salary accruals per fulltime-equivalent (FTE) employee1

Ratio of average teachers’ salary to accruals per FTE employee

All teachers

Elementary teachers

Secondary teachers

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1959–60..............................

$4,995

$4,815

$5,276

$4,749

1.05

$30,958

$31,413

$34,420

1961–62..............................

5,515

5,340

5,775

5,063

1.09

33,413

34,055

36,830

1963–64..............................

5,995

5,805

6,266

5,478

1.09

35,398

36,080

38,945

1965–66..............................

6,485

6,279

6,761

5,934

1.09

37,012

37,722

40,618

1967–68..............................

7,423

7,208

7,692

6,533

1.14

39,749

40,629

43,357

1969–70..............................

8,626

8,412

8,891

7,486

1.15

43,773

42,687

45,118

1970–71..............................

9,268

9,021

9,568

7,998

1.16

44,723

43,531

46,170

1971–72..............................

9,705

9,424

10,031

8,521

1.14

45,209

43,900

46,728

1972–73..............................

10,174

9,893

10,507

9,056

1.12

45,559

44,300

47,050

1973–74..............................

10,770

10,507

11,077

9,667

1.11

44,279

43,198

45,541

1974–75..............................

11,641

11,334

12,000

10,411

1.12

43,086

41,949

44,414

1975–76..............................

12,600

12,280

12,937

11,194

1.13

43,552

42,446

44,717

1976–77..............................

13,354

12,989

13,776

11,971

1.12

43,615

42,423

44,993

1977–78..............................

14,198

13,845

14,602

12,815

1.11

43,454

42,373

44,690

1978–79..............................

15,032

14,681

15,450

13,825

1.09

42,066

41,084

43,236

1979–80..............................

15,970

15,569

16,459

15,088

1.06

39,433

38,443

40,641

1980–81..............................

17,644

17,230

18,142

16,520

1.07

39,044

38,128

40,146

1981–82..............................

19,274

18,853

19,805

17,866

1.08

39,260

38,402

40,342

1982–83..............................

20,695

20,227

21,291

18,950

1.09

40,418

39,504

41,582

1983–84..............................

21,935

21,487

22,554

19,878

1.10

41,311

40,467

42,477

1984–85..............................

23,600

23,200

24,187

20,819

1.13

42,773

42,048

43,836

1985–86..............................

25,199

24,718

25,846

21,732

1.16

44,391

43,543

45,530

1986–87..............................

26,569

26,057

27,244

22,650

1.17

45,787

44,905

46,951

1987–88..............................

28,034

27,519

28,798

23,705

1.18

46,390

45,538

47,654

1988–89..............................

29,564

29,022

30,218

24,655

1.20

46,762

45,905

47,796

1989–90..............................

31,367

30,832

32,049

25,647

1.22

47,354

46,547

48,384

1990–91..............................

33,084

32,490

33,896

26,794

1.23

47,357

46,507

48,520

1991–92..............................

34,063

33,479

34,827

27,999

1.22

47,245

46,435

48,304

1992–93..............................

35,029

34,350

35,880

29,058

1.21

47,113

46,200

48,258

1993–94..............................

35,737

35,233

36,566

29,811

1.20

46,852

46,191

47,938

1994–95..............................

36,675

36,088

37,523

30,606

1.20

46,742

45,993

47,822

1995–96..............................

37,642

37,138

38,397

31,561

1.19

46,703

46,078

47,640

1996–97..............................

38,443

38,039

39,184

32,789

1.17

46,374

45,887

47,268

1997–98..............................

39,350

39,002

39,944

34,346

1.15

46,636

46,224

47,340

1998–99..............................

40,544

40,165

41,203

35,978

1.13

47,234

46,792

48,002

1999–2000..........................

41,807

41,306

42,546

37,800

1.11

47,339

46,771

48,176

2000–01..............................

43,395

42,929

44,013

39,257

1.11

47,509

46,999

48,186

2001–02..............................

44,660

44,192

45,252

40,031

1.12

48,043

47,540

48,680

2002–03..............................

45,776

45,480

46,095

41,004

1.12

48,185

47,874

48,521

2003–04..............................

46,752

46,408

47,120

42,547

1.10

48,159

47,805

48,538

2004–05..............................

47,750

47,487

48,100

—

—

47,750

47,487

48,100

—Not available. 1 Calendar-year data from the U.S. Department of Commerce have been converted to a school-year basis by averaging the two appropriate calendar years in each case. 2Constant 2004–05 dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis.

NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: National Education Association, Estimates of School Statistics, 1959–60 through 2004–05, and unpublished tabulations; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, National Income and Product Accounts, 1959 through 2004. (This table was prepared January 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

116 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff _

Table 77. Estimated average annual salary of teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2004–05 Constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current dollars

State 1

1969–70 1979–80 1989–90 1999–2000 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 1969–70 1979–80 1989–90 1999–2000 2002–03 2003–04 2

United States ..............................

3

4

$8,626 $15,970 $31,367

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

$41,807 $45,776 $46,752 $47,750 $43,773 $39,433 $47,354

12

13

Percent change, 1989–90 to 2004–05 in constant dollars

14

15

$47,339 $48,185 $48,159

0.8

Alabama .............................................. Alaska.................................................. Arizona ................................................ Arkansas.............................................. California .............................................

6,818 10,560 8,711 6,307 10,315

13,060 27,210 15,054 12,299 18,020

24,828 43,153 29,402 22,352 37,998

36,689 46,462 36,902 33,386 47,680

38,246 49,685 40,894 37,753 56,283

38,325 51,736 41,843 39,314 56,444

38,863 52,424 42,905 40,495 57,876

34,598 53,587 44,205 32,005 52,344

32,248 67,187 37,171 30,369 44,495

37,482 65,147 44,388 33,744 57,365

41,544 52,610 41,785 37,803 53,989

40,259 52,300 43,046 39,740 59,245

39,478 53,293 43,102 40,497 58,143

3.7 -19.5 -3.3 20.0 0.9

Colorado .............................................. Connecticut.......................................... Delaware.............................................. District of Columbia ............................. Florida..................................................

7,761 9,262 9,015 10,285 8,412

16,205 16,229 16,148 22,190 14,149

30,758 40,461 33,377 38,402 28,803

38,163 51,780 44,435 47,076 36,722

41,275 54,362 50,772 50,763 39,465

43,319 57,337 49,366 57,009 40,604

44,161 58,688 50,869 58,456 41,081

39,384 47,001 45,747 52,192 42,687

40,014 40,073 39,873 54,792 34,937

46,435 61,083 50,389 57,975 43,483

43,213 58,631 50,314 53,305 41,581

43,447 57,223 53,444 53,435 41,542

44,623 59,062 50,852 58,725 41,826

-4.9 -3.9 1.0 0.8 -5.5

Georgia................................................ Hawaii .................................................. Idaho.................................................... Illinois................................................... Indiana.................................................

7,276 9,453 6,890 9,569 8,833

13,853 19,920 13,611 17,601 15,599

28,006 32,047 23,861 32,794 30,902

41,023 40,578 35,547 46,486 41,850

45,533 44,464 40,148 51,289 45,097

45,988 45,479 41,080 54,230 45,791

46,526 44,273 42,122 55,629 46,851

36,923 47,970 34,964 48,559 44,824

34,206 49,187 33,608 43,461 38,517

42,280 48,381 36,023 49,509 46,652

46,451 45,947 40,250 52,637 47,387

47,929 46,804 42,261 53,988 47,470

47,372 46,848 42,316 55,862 47,169

10.0 -8.5 16.9 12.4 0.4

Iowa ..................................................... Kansas................................................. Kentucky .............................................. Louisiana ............................................. Maine...................................................

8,355 7,612 6,953 7,028 7,572

15,203 13,690 14,520 13,760 13,071

26,747 28,744 26,292 24,300 26,881

35,678 34,981 36,380 33,109 35,561

38,921 38,123 38,981 36,878 38,121

39,432 38,623 40,240 37,918 39,864

40,347 39,190 41,002 38,880 40,940

42,398 38,628 35,284 35,664 38,425

37,539 33,803 35,853 33,976 32,275

40,379 43,394 39,693 36,685 40,582

40,399 39,610 41,194 37,490 40,266

40,969 40,129 41,032 38,819 40,127

40,619 39,785 41,451 39,059 41,064

-0.1 -9.7 3.3 6.0 0.9

Maryland.............................................. Massachusetts..................................... Michigan .............................................. Minnesota ............................................ Mississippi ...........................................

9,383 8,764 9,826 8,658 5,798

17,558 17,253 19,663 15,912 11,850

36,319 34,712 37,072 32,190 24,292

44,048 46,580 49,044 39,802 31,857

49,677 52,043 54,071 42,833 34,555

50,261 53,181 54,412 45,375 35,684

52,331 54,596 55,693 46,906 36,590

47,615 44,474 49,863 43,936 29,422

43,354 42,601 48,552 39,290 29,260

54,830 52,404 55,967 48,597 36,673

49,876 52,743 55,533 45,068 36,072

52,291 54,782 56,917 45,087 36,373

51,773 54,781 56,049 46,740 36,758

-4.6 4.2 -0.5 -3.5 -0.2

Missouri ............................................... Montana............................................... Nebraska ............................................. Nevada ................................................ New Hampshire ...................................

7,799 7,606 7,375 9,215 7,771

13,682 14,537 13,516 16,295 13,017

27,094 25,081 25,522 30,590 28,986

35,656 32,121 33,237 39,390 37,734

38,826 35,754 37,896 41,795 40,519

38,006 37,184 38,352 42,254 42,689

38,971 38,485 39,456 43,394 43,941

39,577 38,597 37,425 46,762 39,435

33,784 35,895 33,374 40,236 32,142

40,903 37,864 38,530 46,181 43,760

40,374 36,371 37,635 44,602 42,727

40,870 37,636 39,890 43,995 42,652

39,150 38,303 39,506 43,526 43,974

-4.7 1.6 2.4 -6.0 0.4

New Jersey .......................................... New Mexico ......................................... New York.............................................. North Carolina ..................................... North Dakota .......................................

9,130 7,796 10,336 7,494 6,696

17,161 14,887 19,812 14,117 13,263

35,676 24,756 38,925 27,883 23,016

52,015 32,554 51,020 39,404 29,863

54,166 36,687 52,600 43,076 33,210

55,592 38,067 55,181 43,211 35,441

56,600 39,328 56,200 43,313 36,449

46,331 39,561 52,451 38,029 33,979

42,374 36,759 48,920 34,858 32,749

53,859 37,374 58,764 42,094 34,747

58,897 36,861 57,771 44,618 33,814

57,017 38,618 55,368 45,343 34,958

57,265 39,213 56,842 44,511 36,508

5.1 5.2 -4.4 2.9 4.9

Ohio ..................................................... Oklahoma ............................................ Oregon................................................. Pennsylvania........................................ Rhode Island .......................................

8,300 6,882 8,818 8,858 8,776

15,269 13,107 16,266 16,515 18,002

31,218 23,070 30,840 33,338 36,057

41,436 31,298 42,336 48,321 47,041

45,452 34,854 47,600 51,800 51,076

47,482 35,061 49,169 51,835 52,261

48,692 37,141 50,790 52,700 53,473

42,119 34,923 44,748 44,951 44,534

37,702 32,364 40,164 40,779 44,451

47,129 34,828 46,559 50,330 54,435

46,919 35,439 47,938 54,715 53,265

47,844 36,688 50,105 54,526 53,764

48,911 36,116 50,649 53,395 53,834

3.3 6.6 9.1 4.7 -1.8

South Carolina..................................... South Dakota ....................................... Tennessee ........................................... Texas ................................................... Utah .....................................................

6,927 6,403 7,050 7,255 7,644

13,063 12,348 13,972 14,132 14,909

27,217 21,300 27,052 27,496 23,686

36,081 29,071 36,328 37,567 34,946

41,279 32,416 39,677 40,001 38,413

41,162 33,236 40,318 40,476 38,976

42,207 34,040 41,527 41,009 39,965

35,152 32,492 35,776 36,816 38,790

32,255 30,490 34,500 34,895 36,813

41,089 32,156 40,840 41,510 35,758

40,855 32,918 41,135 42,538 39,570

43,451 34,122 41,765 42,106 40,435

42,401 34,236 41,531 41,694 40,149

2.7 5.9 1.7 -1.2 11.8

Vermont ............................................... Virginia................................................. Washington.......................................... West Virginia........................................ Wisconsin ............................................ Wyoming..............................................

7,968 8,070 9,225 7,650 8,963 8,232

12,484 14,060 18,820 13,710 16,006 16,012

29,012 30,938 30,457 22,842 31,921 28,141

37,758 38,744 41,043 35,009 41,153 34,127

41,603 43,152 44,949 38,508 42,871 37,876

42,007 43,655 45,434 38,461 42,882 39,532

44,535 44,763 45,712 38,360 43,466 40,392

40,434 40,952 46,813 38,820 45,483 41,774

30,826 34,717 46,470 33,853 39,522 39,537

43,799 46,707 45,980 34,484 48,191 42,484

42,754 43,870 46,474 39,641 46,598 38,643

43,792 45,423 47,315 40,535 45,127 39,869

43,271 44,969 46,801 39,618 44,172 40,722

1.7 -4.2 -0.6 11.2 -9.8 -4.9

1

Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI), prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. The CPI does not account for differences in inflation rates from state to state.

NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: National Education Association, Estimates of School Statistics, 1969–70 through 2004–05. (This table was prepared January 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 78. Staff employed in public elementary and secondary school systems, by functional area: Selected years, 1949–50 through fall 2003 [In full-time equivalents] School district administrative staff

School year 1

Total

Total

Intermediate School district district staff superintendents

Instructional staff

Officials and administrators

Instruction coordinators

Total

Principals and assistant principals

Teachers

Instructional aides

Librarians

Guidance counselors

Other instructional staff1

Support staff2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

1,300,031 2,089,283 3,360,763 4,168,286 4,159,624

33,642 42,423 65,282 78,784 5 67,404

5,843 9,901 7,113 — —

18,025 13,361 13,014 13,269 —

( 3) 5,386 13,618 44,961 —

9,774 13,775 31,537 20,554 —

963,110 1,457,329 2,285,568 2,859,573 5 2,756,232

43,137 63,554 90,593 107,061 129,297

913,671 1,353,372 2,016,244 2,184,216 2,205,987

( 4) ( 4) 57,418 325,755 306,860

( 4) 17,363 42,689 48,018 47,442

(4 ) 14,643 48,763 63,973 66,646

6,302 8,398 29,861 130,550 (6)

303,280 589,531 1,009,913 1,229,929 5 1,335,988

Fall 1986 ................................. Fall 1987 ................................. Fall 1988 ................................. Fall 1989 ................................. Fall 1990 .................................

4,236,428 4,311,941 4,319,356 4,431,033 4,494,076

5

74,541 74,191 5 69,334 5 70,302 5 75,868

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

5

2,821,069 2,859,626 5 2,930,547 5 2,985,851 5 3,051,404

131,564 125,927 126,609 125,594 127,417

2,244,445 2,279,241 2,323,213 2,356,702 2,398,169

328,543 335,991 356,682 374,172 395,959

47,938 48,185 48,980 49,769 49,909

68,579 70,282 75,063 79,614 79,950

(6) (6) (6) (6) (6)

5

Fall 1991 ................................. Fall 1992 ................................. Fall 1993 ................................. Fall 1994 ................................. Fall 1995 .................................

4,559,359 4,708,286 4,808,080 4,904,757 4,994,358

5

76,084 78,414 5 80,862 5 81,867 5 82,998

— ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

— ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

— 45,712 47,614 48,827 49,315

— 32,702 33,248 33,040 33,683

3

3,103,939 3,139,544 5 3,209,381 5 3,280,752 5 3,351,528

129,304 121,936 121,486 120,017 120,629

2,432,243 2,458,956 2,503,901 2,551,875 2,598,220

410,538 427,279 450,519 473,348 494,289

49,917 50,324 50,511 50,668 50,862

81,937 81,049 82,964 84,844 87,528

(6) (6) (6) (6) (6)

3

Fall 1996 ................................. Fall 1997 ................................. Fall 1998 ................................. Fall 1999 ................................. Fall 2000 .................................

5,091,205 5,266,415 5,419,181 5,632,004 5,709,753

5

81,975 85,267 5 88,939 5 94,134 5 97,270

( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

48,480 50,432 52,975 55,467 57,837

33,495 34,835 35,964 38,667 39,433

5

3,447,580 3,572,955 5 3,693,630 5 3,819,057 5 3,876,628

123,734 126,129 129,317 137,199 141,792

2,667,419 2,746,157 2,830,286 2,910,633 2,941,461

516,356 557,453 588,108 621,942 641,392

51,464 52,142 52,805 53,659 54,246

88,607 91,074 93,114 95,624 97,737

(6) (6) (6) (6) (6)

5

Fall 2001 ................................. Fall 2002 ................................. Fall 2003 .................................

5,904,195 5,954,661 5,948,475

109,526 110,777 5 107,637

( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

63,517 62,781 63,561

46,009 47,996 44,076

5

160,543 164,171 165,531

2,999,528 3,034,123 3,048,549

674,741 663,552 685,242

54,350 54,205 54,351

100,049 100,912 99,395

(6) (6) (6)

5

0.4 0.5 0.2 — —

1.4 0.6 0.4 0.3 —

(1

) 0.3 0.4 1.1 —

0.8 0.7 0.9 0.5 —

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

3,989,211 4,016,963 5 4,053,068 5

1,340,818 1,378,124 5 1,319,475 5 1,374,880 5 1,366,804 5

1,379,336 1,490,328 5 1,517,837 5 1,542,138 5 1,559,832 5

1,561,650 1,608,193 5 1,636,612 5 1,718,813 5 1,735,855 5

1,805,458 1,826,921 5 1,787,770 5

Percentage distribution 1949–50.................................. 1959–60.................................. 1969–70.................................. Fall 1980 ................................. Fall 1985 .................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2.6 2.0 1.9 1.9 5 1.6

Fall 1986 ................................. Fall 1987 ................................. Fall 1988 ................................. Fall 1989 ................................. Fall 1990 .................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

5

1.8 1.7 5 1.6 5 1.6 5 1.7

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

Fall 1991 ................................. Fall 1992 ................................. Fall 1993 ................................. Fall 1994 ................................. Fall 1995 .................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

5

— ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

— ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

— 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

See notes at end of table.

5

1.7 1.7 5 1.7 5 1.7 5 1.7 5

74.1 69.8 68.0 68.6 5 66.3

3.3 3.0 2.7 2.6 3.1

70.3 64.8 60.0 52.4 53.0

( 4) ( 4) 1.7 7.8 7.4

( 4) 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.1

(4 ) 0.7 1.5 1.5 1.6

0.5 0.4 0.9 3.1 (6 )

23.3 28.2 30.1 29.5 5 32.1

— — — — —

5

66.6 66.3 5 67.8 5 67.4 5 67.9

3.1 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8

53.0 52.9 53.8 53.2 53.4

7.8 7.8 8.3 8.4 8.8

1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8

(6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 )

5

— 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

3

2.8 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.4

53.3 52.2 52.1 52.0 52.0

9.0 9.1 9.4 9.7 9.9

1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8

(6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 )

3

5

68.1

5 66.7 5

66.7

5 66.9 5 67.1

31.7 32.1 5 30.5 5 31.0 5 30.4 5

30.3

5 31.7 5

31.6

5 31.4 5 31.2

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 117 Teachers and Other Staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

1949–50.................................. 1959–60.................................. 1969–70.................................. Fall 1980 ................................. Fall 1985 .................................

[In full-time equivalents] School district administrative staff

School year 1

Total

Total 2

Intermediate School district district staff superintendents

Instructional staff

Officials and administrators

Instruction coordinators

Total

Principals and assistant principals

Teachers

Instructional aides

Librarians

Guidance counselors

Other instructional staff1

Support staff2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Fall 1996 ................................. Fall 1997 ................................. Fall 1998 ................................. Fall 1999 ................................. Fall 2000 .................................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

5

1.6 5 1.6 5 1.6 5 1.7 5 1.7

( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

5

67.7 5 67.8 5 68.2 5 67.8 5 67.9

2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5

52.4 52.1 52.2 51.7 51.5

10.1 10.6 10.9 11.0 11.2

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

(6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 )

5

Fall 2001 ................................. Fall 2002 ................................. Fall 2003 .................................

100.0 100.0 100.0

5

1.9 1.9 5 1.8

( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

1.1 1.1 1.1

0.8 0.8 0.7

5 67.6

2.7 2.8 2.8

50.8 51.0 51.2

11.4 11.1 11.5

0.9 0.9 0.9

1.7 1.7 1.7

(6 ) (6 ) (6 )

5 30.6

1949–50.................................. 1959–60.................................. 1969–70.................................. Fall 1980 ................................. Fall 1985 .................................

19.3 16.8 13.6 9.8 9.5

746.4 829.3 697.7 518.9 5 584.9

4,297.7 3,553.4 6,403.8 — —

1,393.1 2,633.2 3,500.1 3,080.7 —

— 6,532.2 3,344.9 909.2 —

2,569.2 2,554.1 1,444.3 1,988.8 —

26.1 24.1 19.9 14.3 5 14.3

582.1 553.6 502.8 381.8 304.9

27.5 26.0 22.6 18.7 17.9

( 4) ( 4) 793.3 125.5 128.5

( 4) 2,026.3 1,067.0 851.3 831.0

(4 ) 2,402.7 934.1 639.0 591.5

3,984.7 4,189.5 1,525.4 313.1 (6 )

82.8 59.7 45.1 33.2 5 29.5

Fall 1986 ................................. Fall 1987 ................................. Fall 1988 ................................. Fall 1989 ................................. Fall 1990 .................................

9.4 9.3 9.3 9.1 9.2

5

533.3 539.3 5 579.6 5 576.7 5 543.3

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

5

14.1 14.0 5 13.7 5 13.6 5 13.5

302.2 317.7 317.4 322.8 323.5

17.7 17.6 17.3 17.2 17.2

121.0 119.1 112.7 108.4 104.1

829.3 830.3 820.5 814.6 825.8

579.7 569.3 535.4 509.2 515.5

(6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 )

5

Fall 1991 ................................. Fall 1992 ................................. Fall 1993 ................................. Fall 1994 ................................. Fall 1995 .................................

9.2 9.1 9.0 9.0 9.0

5

552.6 546.1 5 537.5 5 538.8 5 540.3

— ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

— ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

— 936.8 912.9 903.4 909.3

— 1,309.5 1,307.3 1,335.1 1,331.2

3 13.5

325.2 351.2 357.8 367.5 371.7

17.3 17.4 17.4 17.3 17.3

102.4 100.2 96.5 93.2 90.7

842.3 851.0 860.5 870.6 881.6

513.2 528.4 523.9 519.9 512.3

(6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 )

3 30.5

Fall 1996 ................................. Fall 1997 ................................. Fall 1998 ................................. Fall 1999 ................................. Fall 2000 .................................

9.0 8.8 8.6 8.3 8.3

5

556.4 541.0 5 523.3 5 497.8 5 485.3

( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

940.8 914.6 878.5 844.8 816.1

1,361.7 1,324.2 1,294.0 1,211.8 1,197.1

5

13.2 12.9 5 12.6 5 12.3 5 12.2

368.6 365.7 359.9 341.5 332.9

17.1 16.8 16.4 16.1 16.0

88.3 82.7 79.1 75.3 73.6

886.3 884.6 881.3 873.2 870.2

514.8 506.5 499.8 490.0 483.0

(6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 )

5

Fall 2001 ................................. Fall 2002 ................................. Fall 2003 .................................

8.1 8.1 8.2

5

( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

750.5 767.5 763.7

1,036.1 1,003.9 1,101.3

5

296.9 293.5 293.2

15.9 15.9 15.9

70.7 72.6 70.8

877.1 888.9 893.1

476.5 477.5 488.4

(6 ) (6 ) (6 )

5

5

5

67.5 5 68.1

15 30.7 5 30.5 5 30.2 5 30.5 5 30.4 5 5

30.7 30.1

Pupils per staff member

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

5

5

5

435.3 435.0 5 451.0 5

—Not available. 1Includes psychological personnel and other professional staff. 2Includes school administrative support staff, student support services, and other support services staff. 3 Data included in column 5. 4Data included in column 10. 5 Because of classification revisions, data not directly comparable with figures for years prior to 1985. 6Data included in column 15.

5

5

13.6 5 13.5 5 13.4 5 13.4 5

12.0 12.0 5 12.0 5

7

29.6 29.0 5 30.5 5 29.5 5 30.2 5

5

28.7

5 28.6 5 5

28.6 28.7

29.2 28.7 5 28.4 5 27.3 5 27.2 5

26.4 26.4 5 27.2 5

Data included in column 6. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Because of variations in data collection instruments, some categories are only roughly comparable over time. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems, various years; Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary Schools, various years; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1986–87 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

118 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

Table 78. Staff employed in public elementary and secondary school systems, by functional area: Selected years, 1949–50 through fall 2003—Continued

Table 79. Staff employed in public school systems, by type of assignment and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2003 [In full-time equivalents] School district staff

State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Officials and administrators

Administrative support staff

School staff Instruction coordinators

Principals and assistant principals

School and library support staff

Teachers

Instructional aides

Guidance counselors

Librarians

Student support staff

Other support services staff

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

5,948,475

63,561

178,737

44,076

165,531

291,385

3,048,549

685,242

99,395

54,351

188,938

1,128,710

Alabama ........................................ Alaska2 .......................................... Arizona .......................................... Arkansas........................................ California3 ......................................

100,592 16,550 96,341 64,693 572,835

1,345 413 424 682 2,766

1,276 669 520 1,797 23,273

698 160 183 621 6,589

3,452 675 2,240 1,552 13,340

2,741 861 9,414 1,478 36,116

58,070 7,808 47,507 30,876 304,311

6,240 2,118 13,438 6,623 69,201

1,682 274 1,292 1,218 6,640

1,388 152 802 934 1,218

1,479 459 7,610 3,284 15,076

22,221 2,961 12,911 15,628 94,305

Colorado ........................................ Connecticut.................................... Delaware........................................ District of Columbia ....................... Florida............................................

89,530 85,367 14,587 10,608 295,775

974 1,333 288 96 1,819

2,505 1,771 327 76 15,035

963 367 188 68 696

2,382 2,193 370 408 6,946

4,841 3,682 498 369 15,456

44,904 42,370 7,749 5,676 144,955

10,216 11,567 1,361 1,269 29,616

1,371 1,327 262 60 5,772

845 789 129 40 2,710

3,399 4,422 605 1,950 11,410

17,130 15,546 2,810 596 61,360

Georgia.......................................... Hawaii ............................................ Idaho.............................................. Illinois4,5......................................... Indiana...........................................

200,512 21,113 25,133 253,924 130,532

1,913 188 116 4,061 1,080

2,483 306 541 7,286 623

1,376 511 268 833 1,662

5,063 504 726 6,422 2,985

9,468 1,072 1,096 12,395 8,520

97,150 11,129 14,049 127,669 59,924

24,111 2,640 2,637 33,302 18,289

3,338 648 575 3,049 1,804

2,170 290 170 2,200 1,004

5,888 1,296 531 8,631 2,050

47,552 2,529 4,424 48,076 32,591

Iowa ............................................... Kansas........................................... Kentucky ........................................ Louisiana ....................................... Maine.............................................

68,137 63,778 95,926 102,990 35,866

928 1,239 1,011 330 625

723 916 5,349 2,728 843

472 118 877 1,387 297

2,111 1,709 2,527 2,694 967

4,552 2,677 4,204 3,668 1,541

34,791 32,589 41,201 50,495 17,621

9,095 7,085 13,769 11,398 5,952

1,180 1,118 1,471 3,155 627

589 923 1,147 1,233 251

2,500 2,879 1,583 3,324 1,423

11,196 12,525 22,787 22,578 5,719

Maryland........................................ Massachusetts6 ............................. Michigan7 ....................................... Minnesota ...................................... Mississippi .....................................

102,525 134,414 206,034 103,744 68,377

836 1,751 3,304 1,030 986

1,102 4,435 1,241 6,744 1,882

1,195 1,115 3,457 467 671

3,149 3,666 4,937 2,190 1,757

4,077 5,519 15,135 3,934 2,458

55,140 72,062 97,014 51,611 32,591

9,878 18,272 25,170 14,636 8,603

2,241 2,118 2,708 1,064 1,009

1,118 946 1,405 942 969

3,060 7,019 8,325 6,274 2,863

20,729 17,511 43,338 14,852 14,588

Missouri ......................................... Montana5 ....................................... Nebraska ....................................... Nevada .......................................... New Hampshire .............................

125,783 18,641 40,573 34,059 30,830

1,308 145 574 263 538

8,626 514 845 970 643

952 182 427 524 185

3,044 504 998 1,079 537

540 875 1,626 1,575 915

65,169 10,301 20,921 20,234 15,112

10,906 1,870 4,722 2,438 6,380

2,608 431 757 719 772

1,621 357 557 324 296

4,493 67 1,122 842 621

26,516 3,395 8,024 5,091 4,831

New Jersey .................................... New Mexico ................................... New York........................................ North Carolina ............................... North Dakota .................................

204,038 44,841 394,178 172,193 15,066

1,832 858 2,844 1,609 436

7,434 1,733 26,934 3,359 160

1,466 724 2,083 852 134

4,917 995 7,823 4,777 395

10,659 2,141 7,159 6,393 513

109,077 21,569 216,116 89,988 8,037

24,010 5,243 53,423 27,852 1,811

3,673 769 6,440 3,444 278

1,871 298 3,318 2,335 198

11,472 2,012 10,222 5,197 469

27,627 8,499 57,816 26,387 2,635

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 119 Teachers and Other Staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2 United States1 ......................

[In full-time equivalents] School district staff

State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Officials and administrators

Administrative support staff

School staff Instruction coordinators

Principals and assistant principals

School and library support staff

Teachers

Instructional aides

Guidance counselors

Librarians

Student support staff

Other support services staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Ohio ............................................... Oklahoma ...................................... Oregon........................................... Pennsylvania.................................. Rhode Island4,7,8 ...........................

242,520 71,313 54,272 233,269 19,892

6,214 710 613 1,667 164

11,970 1,664 1,704 6,270 461

500 248 406 1,424 190

6,499 1,932 1,539 4,630 557

16,985 4,207 3,698 11,608 905

121,735 39,253 26,732 119,889 11,918

18,274 6,049 8,466 24,897 2,526

3,694 1,495 1,114 4,344 380

1,669 996 461 2,217 215

3,722 2,293 1,621 11,071 543

51,258 12,466 7,918 45,252 2,033

South Carolina9 ............................. South Dakota................................. Tennessee ..................................... Texas ............................................. Utah ...............................................

62,910 19,039 116,118 596,330 41,545

299 445 1,239 7,833 156

2,425 331 2,756 3,446 974

678 380 1,130 1,238 711

3,224 402 5,080 29,621 1,012

3,426 543 5,313 32,882 2,282

45,830 9,245 59,584 289,481 22,147

2,311 3,337 14,430 58,741 5,911

1,699 328 1,918 9,937 683

1,135 146 1,545 4,864 279

1,520 1,146 4,154 5,312 289

363 2,736 18,969 152,975 7,101

Vermont ......................................... Virginia........................................... Washington.................................... West Virginia.................................. Wisconsin ...................................... Wyoming........................................

18,701 166,578 109,294 37,957 104,531 14,121

147 1,556 915 421 932 305

385 3,964 1,791 1,735 2,827 365

318 1,525 546 335 1,527 152

441 3,924 2,747 1,044 2,512 333

895 8,675 5,643 420 4,863 872

8,749 90,573 52,824 20,020 58,216 6,567

4,208 15,287 10,051 3,113 10,632 1,868

426 2,564 1,955 660 1,910 394

226 1,986 1,309 386 1,247 131

756 3,054 2,828 1,645 4,655 472

2,150 33,470 28,685 8,178 15,210 2,662

Bureau of Indian Affairs ................. Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools ...................... Domestic schools.......................

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

7,282 4,157

34 28

23 21

50 42

271 108

706 306

4,728 2,301

280 428

267 102

155 69

411 193

357 559

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ....................... Guam ......................................... Northern Marianas..................... Puerto Rico................................ Virgin Islands .............................

1,771 3,466 1,155 74,697 2,896

39 18 7 1,611 67

52 150 63 185 131

45 104 12 312 19

73 58 32 1,512 84

152 304 77 4,593 72

988 1,760 550 42,444 1,512

116 704 250 237 326

49 54 18 1,009 81

6 23 1 1,080 38

84 52 36 3,899 85

167 239 109 17,815 481

—Not available. 1 Includes imputations for undercounts in designated states. 2Includes imputations for instruction coordinators. 3Includes imputations for prekindergarten teachers. 4 Includes imputations for instructional aides. 5Includes imputations for administrative support staff, school and library support staff, and other support services staff.

6Includes 7 Includes 8Includes 9Includes

imputations for library support staff. imputations for prekindergarten and kindergarten teachers. imputations for school administrators, guidance counselors, and librarians. imputations for administrative support staff and school support staff. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

120 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

Table 79. Staff employed in public school systems, by type of assignment and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2003—Continued

Table 80. Staff employed in public school systems, by type of assignment and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2002 [In full-time equivalents] School district staff

State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Officials and administrators

Administrative support staff

School staff Instruction coordinators

Principals and assistant principals

School and library support staff

Teachers

Instructional aides

Guidance counselors

Librarians

Student support staff

Other support services staff

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

5,954,661

62,781

175,065

47,996

164,171

281,502

3,034,123

663,552

100,912

54,205

187,053

1,183,301

Alabama2 ......................................... Alaska3 ............................................ Arizona ............................................ Arkansas.......................................... California2 ........................................

88,893 17,101 96,639 63,815 581,756

1,273 527 192 673 2,750

1,236 585 848 1,908 23,759

667 172 187 613 6,664

3,424 567 2,205 1,766 13,478

2,684 917 10,015 1,600 36,661

47,115 8,080 47,101 30,330 307,764

6,169 2,328 13,650 6,217 72,242

1,696 289 1,264 1,436 6,684

1,359 161 855 1,012 1,388

1,246 441 7,571 3,396 15,238

22,024 3,034 12,751 14,864 95,128

Colorado .......................................... Connecticut...................................... Delaware.......................................... District of Columbia ......................... Florida..............................................

90,397 86,361 14,449 11,548 287,091

969 1,291 273 49 1,733

2,582 1,768 329 173 15,082

926 400 181 20 658

2,344 2,216 367 284 6,750

4,929 3,973 471 491 15,083

45,401 42,296 7,698 5,005 138,226

11,008 12,076 1,388 1,537 31,040

1,391 1,328 238 243 5,641

847 785 126 119 2,666

3,263 4,582 628 1,901 10,931

16,737 15,646 2,750 1,726 59,281

Georgia............................................ Hawaii .............................................. Idaho................................................ Illinois4,5........................................... Indiana.............................................

197,944 20,703 24,897 257,352 126,998

1,879 131 123 4,029 973

2,324 356 541 7,232 602

1,490 524 274 1,298 1,623

5,006 509 724 6,304 2,946

9,448 965 1,093 12,312 8,005

96,044 10,973 13,896 131,046 59,968

23,792 2,603 2,641 32,688 17,426

3,319 649 591 2,942 1,812

2,142 291 176 1,940 1,029

5,636 1,274 547 8,634 1,999

46,864 2,428 4,291 48,927 30,615

Iowa ................................................. Kansas............................................. Kentucky .......................................... Louisiana ......................................... Maine...............................................

67,426 63,911 95,839 102,333 34,586

967 1,263 1,216 277 573

723 925 5,253 2,643 771

477 118 846 1,348 218

2,182 1,728 2,506 2,642 920

4,686 2,801 4,217 3,680 1,477

34,573 32,643 40,662 50,062 16,837

8,439 6,805 14,078 11,372 5,903

1,197 1,142 1,460 3,094 655

612 950 1,159 1,245 242

2,496 3,012 1,660 3,267 1,374

11,074 12,524 22,782 22,703 5,616

Maryland.......................................... Massachusetts................................. Michigan .......................................... Minnesota5 ...................................... Mississippi .......................................

102,642 143,922 187,093 105,311 66,133

869 765 2,979 1,063 966

1,276 3,411 1,055 6,900 1,816

948 3,603 2,988 439 619

3,094 3,153 4,403 2,157 1,702

4,002 8,535 13,565 3,955 2,363

55,382 74,214 89,595 52,808 31,598

9,726 19,945 22,664 14,758 8,314

2,228 2,924 2,660 1,063 966

1,091 1,007 1,367 968 942

3,442 7,627 7,557 6,150 2,766

20,584 18,738 38,260 15,050 14,081

Missouri ........................................... Montana5 ......................................... Nebraska ......................................... Nevada ............................................ New Hampshire ...............................

128,124 18,693 40,743 33,443 30,087

1,318 150 566 253 508

8,537 520 837 743 677

1,057 171 408 254 196

3,093 499 1,007 1,032 520

54 886 1,668 1,513 958

66,717 10,362 21,043 20,038 14,977

11,884 1,730 4,692 3,220 6,050

2,730 432 777 716 772

1,668 357 562 327 289

4,684 65 1,123 807 595

26,382 3,521 8,060 4,540 4,545

New Jersey ...................................... New Mexico ..................................... New York.......................................... North Carolina ................................. North Dakota ...................................

199,381 43,826 428,045 169,328 15,090

1,885 834 2,954 1,580 429

7,196 1,678 26,653 29 162

1,464 660 2,167 889 126

4,889 1,015 8,410 4,708 400

10,487 2,080 7,137 11 517

107,004 21,172 210,926 87,677 8,078

22,671 5,158 42,479 27,476 1,798

3,611 775 7,241 3,422 279

1,855 290 3,190 2,299 199

11,111 2,004 10,735 4,942 470

27,208 8,160 106,153 36,295 2,632

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 121 Teachers and Other Staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2 United States1 ........................

[In full-time equivalents] School district staff

State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Officials and administrators

Administrative support staff

School staff Instruction coordinators

Principals and assistant principals

School and library support staff

Teachers

Instructional aides

Guidance counselors

Librarians

Student support staff

Other support services staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Ohio ................................................. Oklahoma ........................................ Oregon............................................. Pennsylvania.................................... Rhode Island ...................................

242,372 74,422 55,042 231,251 18,303

6,549 714 701 1,639 193

12,919 1,923 1,784 6,302 412

501 217 434 1,464 67

6,543 2,007 1,597 4,581 452

15,499 4,118 3,732 11,475 799

125,372 40,638 27,126 118,256 11,196

17,397 6,323 8,313 24,497 2,345

3,587 1,570 1,172 4,292 351

1,615 1,031 510 2,227 61

1,831 2,309 1,541 11,761 427

50,559 13,572 8,132 44,757 2,000

South Carolina6 ............................... South Dakota................................... Tennessee ....................................... Texas ............................................... Utah .................................................

63,039 19,031 114,358 594,002 41,588

297 443 1,197 7,950 165

2,410 333 2,732 3,570 912

740 376 1,178 1,335 653

3,132 415 4,895 29,391 1,010

3,402 542 5,130 30,841 2,275

46,528 9,257 58,652 288,655 22,415

1,947 3,312 14,199 58,933 5,619

1,716 320 1,878 9,924 684

1,129 162 1,522 4,875 282

1,409 1,155 3,725 5,187 509

329 2,716 19,250 153,341 7,064

Vermont ........................................... Virginia............................................. Washington...................................... West Virginia.................................... Wisconsin ........................................ Wyoming2 ........................................

18,384 162,994 112,740 38,132 113,262 13,841

145 1,855 1,037 415 923 278

343 3,344 1,769 1,803 3,027 352

325 1,465 2,394 336 1,663 155

430 4,108 2,717 1,063 2,538 342

862 7,499 5,632 387 5,279 791

8,542 99,919 52,953 20,119 60,385 6,799

4,210 2,632 10,116 3,087 12,851 1,804

418 2,362 1,972 660 1,948 391

234 1,851 1,325 391 1,340 135

762 3,904 2,752 1,564 4,647 396

2,113 34,055 30,073 8,307 18,661 2,398

Bureau of Indian Affairs ................... Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools ........................ Domestic schools.........................

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

7,045 4,200

39 36

22 32

102 47

268 113

694 302

4,794 2,425

228 399

258 105

153 70

208 159

279 512

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ......................... Guam ........................................... Northern Marianas....................... Puerto Rico.................................. Virgin Islands ...............................

1,735 — 1,093 74,553 3,036

39 — 7 1,571 79

53 — 72 172 131

44 — 9 360 19

82 — 33 1,537 86

141 — 59 4,560 80

943 — 545 42,369 1,502

147 — 212 233 313

46 — 16 995 84

6 — 0 1,050 39

81 — 45 3,838 107

153 — 95 17,868 596

—Not available. 1 Includes imputations for undercounts in designated states. 2Includes imputations for prekindergarten teachers. 3Includes imputations for instruction coordinators. 4 Includes imputations for instructional aides.

5Includes 6

imputations for administrative support staff, school and library support staff, and other support services staff. Includes imputations for administrative support staff and school support staff. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

122 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

Table 80. Staff employed in public school systems, by type of assignment and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2002—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 123 Teachers and Other Staff _

Table 81. Staff and teachers in public elementary and secondary school systems, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 1997 through fall 2003 Teachers as a percent of staff

State or jurisdiction

Fall 20021

Fall 2001

Fall 1997

Fall 1998

Fall 1999

Fall 2000

All staff

Teachers

Teachers as a percent of staff

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

52.1

52.2

51.7

1 United States2 .................

51.5 5,904,195 2,999,528

Alabama ................................... Alaska....................................... Arizona ..................................... Arkansas................................... California ..................................

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

Colorado ................................... Connecticut............................... Delaware................................... District of Columbia .................. Florida.......................................

52.4 51.2 54.6 3 50.3 48.6

Georgia..................................... Hawaii ....................................... Idaho......................................... Illinois........................................ Indiana......................................

3

53.5 51.0 50.8 3 52.5 3 54.4

54.5 50.4 3 49.8 3 68.5 3 54.8

54.9 48.7 49.7 52.5 3 54.0

3

3

53.7 49.3 49.3 50.6 3 54.1

88,160 16,688 93,976 66,578 3 574,466

46,785 8,026 46,015 33,079 3 304,203

3

All staff 9

Fall 2003

Teachers

Teachers as a percent of staff

All staff

Teachers

10

11

12

13

14

51.0 5,948,475 3,048,549

51.2

50.8 5,954,661 3,034,123 3

3

3

53.1 48.1 49.0 49.7 3 53.0

88,893 17,101 96,639 63,815 3 581,756

47,115 8,080 47,101 30,330 3 307,764

3

3

3

Teachers as a percent of staff

53.0 47.2 48.7 47.5 3 52.9

100,592 16,550 96,341 64,693 3 572,835

58,070 7,808 47,507 30,876 3 304,311

57.7 47.2 49.3 47.7 3 53.1

3

3

3

51.8 50.1 55.0 52.7 48.4

51.2 50.0 54.7 50.7 48.0

50.7 50.0 59.2 46.2 47.8

87,582 84,884 14,171 11,391 282,696

44,182 41,773 7,571 4,951 134,684

50.4 49.2 53.4 43.5 47.6

90,397 86,361 14,449 11,548 287,091

45,401 42,296 7,698 5,005 138,226

50.2 49.0 53.3 43.3 48.1

89,530 85,367 14,587 10,608 295,775

44,904 42,370 7,749 5,676 144,955

50.2 49.6 53.1 53.5 49.0

53.3 62.2 57.2 3 51.8 47.1

49.9 61.3 56.3 3 52.0 46.8

49.3 60.7 56.4 3 51.0 47.0

49.2 59.5 56.2 3 51.1 46.7

190,053 19,464 24,773 3 255,529 128,939

92,731 11,007 13,854 129,600 59,659

48.8 56.6 55.9 3 50.7 46.3

197,944 20,703 24,897 3 257,352 126,998

96,044 10,973 13,896 131,046 59,968

48.5 53.0 55.8 3 50.9 47.2

200,512 21,113 25,133 3 253,924 130,532

97,150 11,129 14,049 127,669 59,924

48.5 52.7 55.9 3 50.3 45.9

Iowa .......................................... Kansas...................................... Kentucky ................................... Louisiana .................................. Maine........................................

50.9 52.9 3 45.5 49.3 51.4

49.8 52.6 44.8 49.4 50.8

50.8 51.7 45.0 49.4 50.3

51.1 50.9 44.1 49.3 49.7

69,504 65,155 94,827 101,552 34,072

34,906 33,084 40,376 49,980 16,741

50.2 50.8 42.6 49.2 49.1

67,426 63,911 95,839 102,333 34,586

34,573 32,643 40,662 50,062 16,837

51.3 51.1 42.4 48.9 48.7

68,137 63,778 95,926 102,990 35,866

34,791 32,589 41,201 50,495 17,621

51.1 51.1 43.0 49.0 49.1

Maryland................................... Massachusetts.......................... Michigan ................................... Minnesota ................................. Mississippi ................................

55.3 55.3 44.8 53.4 47.7

53.4 55.0 44.5 53.6 47.9

54.5 56.9 45.6 53.6 48.0

54.3 55.1 46.1 3 51.6 47.9

99,282 125,629 214,894 104,741 65,155

53,774 68,942 98,849 53,081 31,214

54.2 54.9 46.0 50.7 47.9

102,642 143,922 187,093 3 105,311 66,133

55,382 74,214 89,595 52,808 31,598

54.0 51.6 47.9 3 50.1 47.8

102,525 134,414 3 206,034 103,744 68,377

55,140 72,062 97,014 51,611 32,591

Missouri .................................... Montana.................................... Nebraska .................................. Nevada ..................................... New Hampshire ........................

54.8

53.7

54.6

53.2

124,755

3 53.7

3 53.8

3 51.7

3 53.5

3 19,488

53.1 57.7 52.2

53.2 56.3 52.0

53.1 57.5 51.7

52.6 58.6 51.1

40,541 33,967 29,141

65,240 10,408 21,083 19,276 14,677

New Jersey ............................... New Mexico .............................. New York................................... North Carolina .......................... North Dakota ............................

53.8 48.4 51.0 3 52.1 54.3

53.9 48.6 52.4 52.0 54.0

53.9 45.8 49.4 51.6 53.9

53.4 46.8 49.7 51.5 53.9

193,337 44,941 423,199 166,164 14,895

Ohio .......................................... Oklahoma ................................. Oregon...................................... Pennsylvania............................. Rhode Island ............................

54.5 58.0 50.7 52.5 61.6

54.4 57.8 50.5 52.9 62.4

53.4 56.2 50.0 52.8 61.6

53.1 55.0 50.0 52.2 60.0

South Carolina.......................... South Dakota ............................ Tennessee ................................ Texas ........................................ Utah .......................................... Vermont .................................... Virginia...................................... Washington............................... West Virginia............................. Wisconsin ................................. Wyoming...................................

3

53.4 55.1 52.9 51.6 53.3

48.3 54.3 53.1 54.4 3 54.4 49.2 3

3

3

53.6 56.1 53.8 51.3 54.9 48.9 55.6 53.0 54.3 56.0 48.7

3

3

53.2 53.8 54.3 51.1 54.3 48.7 54.1 52.4 54.5 55.3 49.8

3

3

52.3

128,124

3 53.4

3 18,693

52.0 56.7 50.4

40,743 33,443 30,087

66,717 10,362 21,043 20,038 14,977

103,611 21,823 209,128 85,684 8,035

53.6 48.6 49.4 51.6 53.9

199,381 43,826 428,045 169,328 15,090

230,007 76,405 57,333 229,238 18,584

122,115 41,632 28,262 118,470 11,104

53.1 54.5 49.3 51.7 59.8

65.7 52.0 52.1 50.6 54.1

3

71,338 18,512 111,927 582,556 41,111

46,616 9,370 58,358 282,847 22,211

47.3 54.1 52.3 54.3 56.3 48.6

18,050 165,249 112,020 37,675 115,917 13,684

8,554 89,314 52,533 20,138 63,310 6,662

3

3

53.8 3 53.6 3 47.1

49.7 47.7

52.1

125,783

3 55.4

3 18,641

51.6 59.9 49.8

40,573 34,059 30,830

65,169 10,301 20,921 20,234 15,112

107,004 21,172 210,926 87,677 8,078

53.7 48.3 49.3 51.8 53.5

204,038 44,841 394,178 172,193 15,066

109,077 21,569 216,116 89,988 8,037

53.5 48.1 54.8 52.3 53.3

242,372 74,422 55,042 231,251 18,303

125,372 40,638 27,126 118,256 11,196

51.7 54.6 49.3 51.1 61.2

242,520 71,313 54,272 233,269 3 19,892

121,735 39,253 26,732 119,889 11,918

50.2 55.0 49.3 51.4 3 59.9

65.3 50.6 52.1 48.6 54.0

3

63,039 19,031 114,358 594,002 41,588

46,528 9,257 58,652 288,655 22,415

73.8 48.6 51.3 48.6 53.9

3

62,910 19,039 116,118 596,330 41,545

45,830 9,245 59,584 289,481 22,147

3

47.4 54.0 46.9 53.5 54.6 48.7

18,384 162,994 112,740 38,132 113,262 3 13,841

8,542 99,919 52,953 20,119 60,385 3 6,799

18,701 166,578 109,294 37,957 104,531 14,121

8,749 90,573 52,824 20,020 58,216 6,567

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

46.5 61.3 47.0 52.8 53.3 3 49.1

51.8 3 55.3

51.6 59.4 49.0

72.9 48.6 51.3 48.5 53.3 46.8 54.4 48.3 52.7 55.7 46.5

124 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

Table 81. Staff and teachers in public elementary and secondary school systems, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 1997 through fall 2003—Continued Teachers as a percent of staff

State or jurisdiction 1

Fall 20021

Fall 2001

Fall 2003

Fall 1997

Fall 1998

Fall 1999

Fall 2000

All staff

Teachers

Teachers as a percent of staff

All staff

Teachers

Teachers as a percent of staff

All staff

Teachers

Teachers as a percent of staff

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

64.0 —

66.0 59.2

7,889 4,321

5,154 2,486

65.3 57.5

7,045 4,200

4,794 2,425

68.0 57.7

7,282 4,157

4,728 2,301

64.9 55.4

49.7 49.1 51.0 57.5 51.6

50.0 51.5 50.2 54.4 52.1

1,686 3,765 1,019 75,254 2,817

914 1,918 519 42,906 1,511

54.2 50.9 50.9 57.0 53.6

1,735 — 1,093 74,553 3,036

943 — 545 42,369 1,502

54.4 — 49.9 56.8 49.5

1,771 3,466 1,155 74,697 2,896

988 1,760 550 42,444 1,512

55.8 50.8 47.6 56.8 52.2

Bureau of Indian Affairs ............ Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools ................. Domestic schools..................

—

—

66.7 —

66.4 —

Other jurisdictions American Samoa .................. Guam .................................... Northern Marianas................ Puerto Rico........................... Virgin Islands ........................

50.8 46.6 44.5 56.2 49.4

50.1 34.2 47.6 57.7 51.3

4

—Not available. 1Data revised from previously published figures. 2U.S. totals include imputations for underreporting and nonreporting states. 3 Includes imputations for underreporting.

4

Includes both overseas and domestic schools. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1997–98 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 125 Teachers and Other Staff

Table 82. Staff, enrollment, and pupil/staff ratios in public elementary and secondary school systems, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 1997 through fall 2003 Pupil/staff ratio State or jurisdiction

Fall 1997

Fall 1998

Fall 1999

Fall 2000

2

3

4

5

1 2

United States ........

8.8 3

8.6 3

Fall 20021

Fall 2001

8.3 3

8.3 3

Staff Enrollment 6

Pupil/ staff ratio

7

8

5,904,195 47,671,877 3

3

Staff Enrollment

8.1 3

9

Fall 2003 Pupil/ staff ratio

10

11

5,954,661 48,183,086 3

3

Staff Enrollment

8.1 3

12

Pupil/ staff ratio

13

14

5,948,475 48,540,725

8.2 3

Alabama .......................... Alaska.............................. Arizona ............................ Arkansas.......................... California .........................

8.7 3 8.8 10.1 3 8.9 3 11.8

8.5 3 8.4 3 10.0 3 11.1 3 11.5

8.4 3 8.4 9.7 7.5 3 11.3

8.2 3 8.3 9.7 7.1 3 11.1

88,160 3 16,688 93,976 66,578 3 574,466

737,190 134,358 922,180 449,805 3 6,247,726

8.4 3 8.1 9.8 6.8 3 10.9

88,893 3 17,101 96,639 63,815 3 581,756

739,366 134,364 937,755 450,985 3 6,353,667

8.3 3 7.9 9.7 7.1 3 10.9

100,592 3 16,550 96,341 64,693 3 572,835

731,220 133,933 1,012,068 454,523 3 6,413,862

7.3 3 8.1 10.5 7.0 3 11.2

Colorado .......................... Connecticut...................... Delaware.......................... District of Columbia ......... Florida..............................

9.5 7.3 8.9 3 8.8 9.0

9.2 7.0 8.8 7.3 8.9

8.9 6.9 8.4 8.1 8.8

8.7 6.8 9.1 6.4 8.8

87,582 84,884 14,171 11,391 282,696

742,145 570,228 115,560 75,392 2,500,478

8.5 6.7 8.2 6.6 8.8

90,397 86,361 14,449 11,548 287,091

751,862 570,023 116,342 76,166 2,539,929

8.3 6.6 8.1 6.6 8.8

89,530 85,367 14,587 10,608 295,775

757,693 577,203 117,668 78,057 2,587,628

8.5 6.8 8.1 7.4 8.7

Georgia............................ Hawaii .............................. Idaho................................ Illinois............................... Indiana.............................

3

8.5 11.1 10.6 3 8.7 8.1

7.9 10.8 10.3 3 8.6 8.0

7.7 10.4 10.1 3 8.3 7.9

7.8 10.0 10.1 3 8.2 7.8

190,053 19,464 24,773 3 255,529 128,939

1,470,634 184,546 246,521 2,071,391 996,133

7.7 9.5 10.0 3 8.1 7.7

197,944 20,703 24,897 3 257,352 126,998

1,496,012 183,829 248,604 2,084,187 1,003,875

7.6 8.9 10.0 3 8.1 7.9

200,512 21,113 25,133 3 253,924 130,532

1,522,611 183,609 252,120 2,100,961 1,011,130

7.6 8.7 10.0 3 8.3 7.7

Iowa ................................. Kansas............................. Kentucky .......................... Louisiana ......................... Maine...............................

7.8 7.9 3 7.5 7.9 7.0

7.6 7.8 7.2 7.7 6.7

7.5 7.4 6.9 7.5 6.4

7.3 7.3 7.4 7.3 6.2

69,504 65,155 94,827 101,552 34,072

485,932 470,205 654,363 731,328 205,586

7.0 7.2 6.9 7.2 6.0

67,426 63,911 95,839 102,333 34,586

482,210 470,957 660,782 730,464 204,337

7.2 7.4 6.9 7.1 5.9

68,137 63,778 95,926 102,990 35,866

481,226 470,490 663,885 727,709 202,084

7.1 7.4 6.9 7.1 5.6

Maryland.......................... Massachusetts................. Michigan .......................... Minnesota ........................ Mississippi .......................

9.5 7.8 8.4 8.8 8.2

9.0 7.6 3 8.2 8.4 7.7

9.0 7.1 3 8.2 8.2 7.8

8.8 8.0 3 8.2 3 8.2 7.7

99,282 125,629 214,894 104,741 65,155

860,640 973,139 1,730,669 851,384 493,507

8.7 7.7 8.1 8.1 7.6

102,642 143,922 187,093 3 105,311 66,133

866,743 982,989 1,785,160 846,891 492,645

8.4 6.8 9.5 3 8.0 7.4

102,525 134,414 3 206,034 103,744 68,377

869,113 980,459 1,757,604 842,854 493,540

124,755

128,124 40,743 33,443 30,087

906,499 149,995 285,402 369,498 207,671

125,783

40,541 33,967 29,141

909,792 151,947 285,095 356,814 206,847

40,573 34,059 30,830

905,941 148,356 285,542 385,401 207,417

Missouri ........................... Montana........................... Nebraska ......................... Nevada ............................ New Hampshire ...............

8.2 8.5 7.7 10.7 8.1

3

7.9 8.4 7.6 10.7 8.0

3

7.8 7.9 7.4 10.8 7.6

3

7.5 8.0 7.2 10.9 7.4

3

3 19,488

7.3 7.8 7.0 10.5 7.1

3

3 18,693

7.1 8.0 7.0 11.0 6.9

3

3

3 18,641

8.5 7.3 3 8.5 8.1 7.2 3

7.2 8.0 7.0 11.3 6.7

3

New Jersey ...................... New Mexico ..................... New York.......................... North Carolina ................. North Dakota ...................

7.5 8.2 7.6 3 8.3 8.0

7.4 8.0 7.6 8.2 7.8

7.2 7.5 7.1 8.0 7.5

7.1 7.1 6.9 8.0 7.2

193,337 44,941 423,199 166,164 14,895

1,341,656 320,260 2,872,132 1,315,363 106,047

6.9 7.1 6.8 7.9 7.1

199,381 43,826 428,045 169,328 15,090

1,367,438 320,234 2,888,233 1,335,954 104,225

6.9 7.3 6.7 7.9 6.9

204,038 44,841 394,178 172,193 15,066

1,380,753 323,066 2,864,775 1,360,209 102,233

6.8 7.2 7.3 7.9 6.8

Ohio ................................. Oklahoma ........................ Oregon............................. Pennsylvania.................... Rhode Island ...................

9.1 9.0 10.2 8.8 8.9

8.8 8.9 10.1 8.7 8.7

8.4 8.5 9.8 8.4 8.7

8.2 8.3 9.7 8.1 8.9

230,007 76,405 57,333 229,238 18,584

1,830,985 622,139 551,480 1,821,627 158,046

8.0 8.1 9.6 7.9 8.5

242,372 74,422 55,042 231,251 18,303

1,838,285 624,548 554,071 1,816,747 159,205

7.6 8.4 10.1 7.9 8.7

242,520 71,313 54,272 233,269 3 19,892

1,845,428 626,160 551,273 1,821,146 159,375

7.6 8.8 10.2 7.8 3 8.0

South Carolina................. South Dakota ................... Tennessee ....................... Texas ............................... Utah .................................

3

3

3

9.8 7.1 3 8.3 7.5 11.8

3

71,338 18,512 111,927 582,556 41,111

676,198 127,542 3 924,899 4,163,447 484,677

3

63,039 19,031 114,358 594,002 41,588

694,389 130,048 3 927,608 4,259,823 489,262

11.0 6.8 3 8.1 7.2 11.8

3

62,910 19,039 116,118 596,330 41,545

699,198 125,537 936,681 4,331,751 495,981

5.7 7.1 10.3 7.4 8.2 6.4

18,050 165,249 112,020 37,675 115,917 13,684

101,179 1,163,091 1,009,200 282,885 879,361 88,128

18,384 162,994 112,740 38,132 113,262 3 13,841

99,978 1,177,229 1,014,798 282,455 881,231 88,116

5.4 7.2 9.0 7.4 7.8 3 6.4

18,701 166,578 109,294 37,957 104,531 14,121

99,103 1,192,092 1,021,349 281,215 880,031 87,462

Vermont ........................... Virginia............................. Washington...................... West Virginia.................... Wisconsin ........................ Wyoming..........................

8.3 8.5 3 8.7 7.9 12.2 6.5 7.8 10.7 7.8 3 8.6 7.2 3

8.2 8.0 3 8.2 7.8 12.3 6.3 7.9 10.6 7.7 8.0 6.9

3

3

7.8 7.5 3 8.2 7.6 11.9 6.0 7.2 10.5 7.5 8.0 6.6

3

3

3

9.5 6.9 3 8.3 7.1 11.8 5.6 7.0 9.0 7.5 7.6 6.4

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

3

11.1 6.6 8.1 7.3 11.9 5.3 7.2 9.3 7.4 8.4 6.2

126 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

Table 82. Staff, enrollment, and pupil/staff ratios in public elementary and secondary school systems, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 1997 through fall 2003—Continued Pupil/staff ratio State or jurisdiction 1

Fall 1997

Fall 1998

Fall 20021

Fall 2001

Fall 1999

Fall 2000

Staff Enrollment

Pupil/ staff ratio

Staff Enrollment

Fall 2003 Pupil/ staff ratio

Staff Enrollment

Pupil/ staff ratio

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Bureau of Indian Affairs ... Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools ........ Domestic schools.........

—

—

—

—

—

46,476

—

—

46,126

—

—

45,828

—

10.0 —

10.0 —

4

9.3 —

9.5 8.4

7,889 4,321

73,212 32,847

9.3 7.6

7,045 4,200

72,889 32,115

10.3 7.6

7,282 4,157

71,053 30,603

9.8 7.4

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ......... Guam ........................... Northern Marianas....... Puerto Rico.................. Virgin Islands ...............

10.1 11.1 8.5 5 8.9 7.0

10.1 10.5 9.1 8.9 6.9

9.6 8.9 10.2 8.5 7.0

9.6 8.5 9.6 8.9 6.7

1,686 3,765 1,019 75,254 2,817

15,897 31,992 10,479 604,177 18,780

9.4 8.5 10.3 8.0 6.7

1,735 — 1,093 74,553 3,036

15,984 — 11,251 596,502 18,333

9.2 — 10.3 8.0 6.0

1,771 3,466 1,155 74,697 2,896

15,893 31,572 11,244 584,916 17,716

9.0 9.1 9.7 7.8 6.1

—Not available. 1Data revised from previously published figures. 2U.S. totals include imputations for underreporting and nonreporting states. 3 Includes imputations for underreporting. 4Includes both overseas and domestic schools.

5

Support staff underreported. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1997–98 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 83. Principals in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1993–94 and 1999–2000 Percentage distribution of principals, by highest degree earned, 1999–20002

Average annual salary of principals in current dollars

Average years of experience

Average annual salary of principals in constant 2004–05 dollars3

Master’s

Education specialist

Doctor’s and firstprofessional

As a principal, 1993–94

As a principal, 1999–2000

Teaching experience, 1999–2000

1993–94

1999–2000

1993–94

1999–2000

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

1.8 (0.22)

54.2 (0.63)

33.8 (0.60)

10.2 (0.46)

8.7 (0.10)

9.0 (0.11)

1.9 (0.29) 1.7 (0.32)

57.1 (0.90) 50.6 (1.09)

31.7 (0.92) 36.4 (1.03)

9.4 (0.53) 11.2 (0.66)

10.3 (0.16) 5.6 (0.12)

10.6 (0.14) 6.9 (0.12)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic.................. 67,081 (539.5) 68,933 (578.6) Black, non-Hispanic .................. 8,018 (350.9) 9,239 (320.8) Hispanic .................................... 3,269 (258.2) 4,326 (300.4) Asian/Pacific Islander................ 620 (108.6) 633 (124.1) American Indian/Alaska Native 631 (67.3) 659 (59.7)

1.6 0.8 6.1 4.5 4.7

(0.21) (0.24) (2.42) (1.61) (2.43)

53.8 51.4 64.0 69.8 58.0

(0.75) (2.13) (3.53) (7.52) (5.32)

34.8 34.9 18.0 9.1 31.6

(0.66) (2.00) (2.06) (2.67) (5.10)

9.7 12.8 11.9 16.5 5.7

(0.52) (1.57) (2.65) (7.64) (2.77)

9.0 7.1 6.3 5.6 8.2

(0.12) (0.21) (0.37) (0.61) (0.67)

9.2 7.9 7.9 5.1 9.1

Age Under 40 ................................... 40 to 44..................................... 45 to 49..................................... 50 to 54..................................... 55 or over..................................

5.6 1.3 1.8 1.6 0.7

(0.98) (0.52) (0.43) (0.39) (0.19)

64.0 60.0 54.2 49.8 53.0

(1.94) (2.13) (1.23) (1.29) (1.41)

25.2 31.0 35.2 37.7 31.9

(1.83) (1.89) (1.24) (1.24) (1.38)

5.2 7.6 8.7 10.9 14.4

(0.76) (1.26) (0.86) (0.77) (1.27)

2.8 5.0 7.1 10.3 15.1

(0.13) (0.12) (0.13) (0.18) (0.35)

2.9 5.3 7.4 9.9 14.1

1993–941

1999–20001

Bachelor’s

2

3

4

Public schools Total...................................... 79,618 (235.2) 83,790 (326.9) Sex Males ........................................ 52,114 (612.9) 47,130 (603.9) Females .................................... 27,505 (542.4) 36,660 (598.2)

Characteristic 1

(273.3) (496.2) (429.3) (539.2) (440.7)

8,436 10,510 19,599 27,120 18,125

(302.0) (317.2) (534.6) (605.8) (500.0)

(126.6) $66,504

(158.1) $71,919

(166.0) $75,304

(179.0)

13.1 (0.14) 15.2 (0.14)

54,922 54,736

(160.0) (275.9)

(241.9) (248.5)

(209.8) (361.7)

(273.9) (281.4)

(0.12) (0.29) (0.51) (0.75) (0.84)

13.8 15.2 13.9 15.8 13.6

(0.11) (0.29) (0.59) (1.36) (0.84)

54,466 (137.9) 57,669 (454.5) 55,862 (798.3) 59,447 (1,425.3) 51,117 (1,733.9)

66,198 (156.5) 68,044 (530.9) 68,835 (1,080.1) 71,396 (1,534.9) 56,986 (1,395.8)

71,405 (180.8) 75,604 (595.8) 73,236 (1,046.6) 77,935 (1,868.6) 67,015 (2,273.2)

74,957 (177.2) 77,047 (601.1) 77,943 (1,223.0) 80,842 (1,738.0) 64,526 (1,580.5)

(0.13) (0.17) (0.19) (0.18) (0.26)

8.4 12.0 14.3 15.4 15.5

(0.12) (0.20) (0.15) (0.18) (0.32)

46,542 52,038 55,423 56,559 57,826

(473.2) (385.8) (260.7) (364.4) (495.0)

57,328 62,513 66,549 68,625 69,867

(464.0) (455.5) (400.8) (363.8) (458.9)

61,016 68,223 72,660 74,150 75,810

(620.3) (505.8) (341.8) (477.8) (648.9)

64,914 70,784 75,355 77,706 79,111

(525.4) (515.8) (453.8) (411.9) (519.6)

66,463 66,557

72,003 71,760

75,257 75,364

Type of school Elementary................................ 53,684 (293.5) 60,108 (253.2) Secondary................................. 18,262 (161.2) 20,451 (196.9) Combined ................................. 2,747 (142.9) 3,231 (146.4)

1.8 (0.28) 1.4 (0.22) 4.3 (0.55)

53.9 (0.85) 55.7 (0.90) 50.9 (2.74)

34.6 (0.82) 31.3 (0.77) 33.6 (2.11)

9.7 (0.57) 11.6 (0.69) 10.9 (2.08)

8.9 (0.14) 8.0 (0.12) 7.5 (0.29)

9.1 (0.14) 8.6 (0.12) 8.1 (0.33)

14.1 (0.13) 13.8 (0.15) 13.4 (0.30)

54,161 56,601 52,825

(168.5) (167.1) (510.6)

66,002 68,554 62,880

(195.0) (247.9) (553.1)

71,006 74,204 69,254

(220.9) (219.1) (669.3)

74,735 77,624 71,200

(220.8) (280.7) (626.3)

Location of school Metropolitan area Central city ............................ 19,027 (287.5) 20,097 (328.3) Outside central city................ 21,700 (369.3) 37,677 (430.7) Outside metropolitan area ........ 38,891 (326.9) 26,017 (368.7)

1.0 (0.23) 1.8 (0.40) 2.4 (0.38)

55.0 (1.25) 51.5 (1.15) 57.6 (0.97)

31.2 (1.23) 35.0 (0.94) 33.9 (0.94)

12.7 (1.03) 11.7 (0.74) 6.1 (0.55)

8.3 (0.24) 8.7 (0.22) 8.8 (0.17)

8.3 (0.19) 9.1 (0.17) 9.2 (0.19)

14.5 (0.21) 13.9 (0.15) 13.8 (0.16)

58,023 61,810 49,430

(249.8) (287.5) (178.2)

69,825 71,982 56,006

(264.9) (279.3) (177.7)

76,069 81,034 64,803

(327.4) (376.9) (233.6)

79,064 81,507 63,416

(300.0) (316.3) (201.2)

Private schools Total...................................... 25,015 (197.7) 26,231 (259.0)

23.6 (0.94)

51.0 (1.09)

9.9 (0.60)

8.5 (0.64)

8.8 (0.20)

10.2 (0.20)

14.5 (0.22) $32,075

(363.4) $43,094

(482.7) $42,050

(476.4) $48,796

(546.6)

Sex Males ........................................ 11,606 (301.4) 11,899 (308.0) Females .................................... 13,410 (282.8) 14,332 (307.1)

19.4 (1.22) 27.0 (1.59)

50.5 (1.49) 51.4 (1.53)

8.8 (0.77) 10.8 (0.83)

12.2 (1.00) 5.4 (0.94)

9.0 (0.26) 8.6 (0.27)

11.4 (0.30) 9.2 (0.26)

13.7 (0.33) 15.2 (0.33)

35,597 29,185

(564.6) (607.7)

(672.1) (675.8)

(740.2) (796.6)

(761.0) (765.2)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic.................. 23,133 (269.6) 23,322 (309.2) Black, non-Hispanic .................. 1,060 (124.0) 1,574 (164.1) Hispanic .................................... 524 (91.0) 831 (134.6)

22.9 (1.00) 31.1 (6.03) 30.1 (8.02)

52.1 (1.13) 31.0 (5.75) 50.6 (7.60)

10.2 (0.60) 8.7 (3.92) 5.7 (2.86)

7.4 (0.51) 25.2 (6.89) 5.6 (2.60)

8.7 (0.22) 8.3 (1.04) 10.1 (1.43)

10.4 (0.21) 8.0 (0.84) 7.6 (1.32)

14.7 (0.23) 13.8 (1.08) 13.1 (1.47)

31,969 (400.6) 34,383 (2,476.1) 31,350 (1,957.7)

43,421 (489.4) 37,644 (2,246.4) 42,134 (1,948.4)

41,912 (525.1) 45,077 (3,246.2) 41,100 (2,566.6)

49,166 (554.2) 42,625 (2,543.6) 47,709 (2,206.2)

Age Under 40 ................................... 40 to 44..................................... 45 to 49..................................... 50 to 54..................................... 55 or over..................................

38.1 29.8 24.1 22.7 14.3

40.0 43.8 51.0 54.3 56.8

5.0 9.9 9.9 9.5 12.4

1.6 9.1 9.3 8.4 10.9

3.5 5.3 8.3 9.6 14.8

2.9 6.0 9.1 11.0 15.5

6.7 11.3 14.1 15.5 19.1

26,308 30,486 34,641 37,727 31,781

35,503 41,270 44,432 47,528 43,285

34,490 (1,139.2) 39,967 (1,216.8) 45,415 (964.9) 49,461 (1,309.1) 41,665 (992.4)

40,201 46,731 50,311 53,817 49,012

See notes at end of table.

4,794 4,403 5,144 4,120 6,553

(301.6) (217.0) (216.1) (227.8) (244.2)

3,747 3,453 5,213 5,841 7,977

(223.0) (212.0) (261.5) (291.0) (275.9)

(3.12) (3.05) (1.97) (2.52) (1.69)

(3.19) (3.32) (2.30) (2.86) (1.98)

(1.24) (1.66) (1.31) (1.16) (1.05)

(0.52) (3.12) (1.23) (1.07) (1.37)

(0.22) (0.24) (0.27) (0.34) (0.40)

(0.20) (0.36) (0.32) (0.41) (0.43)

(0.32) (0.41) (0.39) (0.54) (0.47)

(868.9) (928.2) (736.0) (998.5) (757.0)

46,321 40,460

(1,079.7) (1,007.3) (1,215.1) (1,206.5) (873.1)

46,668 38,262

52,450 45,814

(1,222.6) (1,140.6) (1,375.9) (1,366.1) (988.6)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 127 Teachers and Other Staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

5,936 14,571 25,427 18,868 14,817

14.0 (0.10) $54,858

Percentage distribution of principals, by highest degree earned, 1999–20002

Master’s

Doctor’s and firstprofessional

As a principal, 1993–94

As a principal, 1999–2000

Teaching experience, 1999–2000

1993–94

1999–2000

1993–94

1999–2000

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

24.4 (1.34) 13.3 (2.68) 25.5 (1.70)

54.7 (1.39) 58.6 (3.33) 40.7 (2.07)

9.9 (0.76) 16.0 (1.93) 7.9 (0.89)

6.1 (0.86) 10.9 (1.57) 12.5 (1.13)

9.4 (0.27) 7.8 (0.36) 8.0 (0.34)

10.3 (0.27) 10.1 (0.41) 10.1 (0.31)

15.1 (0.30) 16.4 (0.62) 12.7 (0.42)

28,779 (444.3) 43,683 (784.1) 33,634 (1,110.3)

39,914 (598.9) 57,474 (1,371.7) 44,876 (918.5)

37,729 (582.5) 57,269 (1,028.0) 44,095 (1,455.6)

45,196 (678.1) 65,079 (1,553.2) 50,814 (1,040.0)

18.5 (1.42) 25.7 (1.52) 31.1 (3.09)

55.1 (1.72) 50.8 (1.60) 41.2 (2.89)

11.2 (0.87) 9.8 (0.90) 7.2 (1.41)

11.1 (1.29) 7.3 (0.71) 4.9 (1.02)

9.6 (0.27) 9.2 (0.38) 7.0 (0.32)

10.2 (0.27) 10.6 (0.34) 9.2 (0.47)

14.8 (0.35) 14.2 (0.30) 14.7 (0.73)

34,357 35,186 25,017

45,492 (767.8) 44,454 (764.8) 33,914 (1,135.3)

45,043 (728.1) 46,129 (720.3) 32,798 (1,094.6)

51,511 (869.4) 50,337 (866.0) 38,402 (1,285.5)

1999–20001

Bachelor’s

2

3

4

Type of school Elementary................................ 13,354 (158.5) 15,807 (244.9) Secondary................................. 2,304 (243.7) 2,628 (133.3) Combined ................................. 6,772 (114.9) 7,796 (265.4) Location of school Metropolitan area Central city ............................ Outside central city................ Outside metropolitan area ........

1

9,693 (228.4) 11,249 (225.5) 8,469 (306.0) 10,316 (288.8) 6,854 (216.1) 4,666 (253.1)

Average annual salary of principals in constant 2004–05 dollars3

Education specialist

1993–941

Characteristic

Average annual salary of principals in current dollars

Average years of experience

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1Total differs from data appearing in other tables because of varying survey 2Percentages for those with less than a bachelor’s degree are not shown. 3

processing procedures and time period coverages.

Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. Excludes principals reporting a salary of $0.

(555.4) (549.4) (834.9)

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and survey item nonresponse. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public School Principal Questionnaire,” 1993–94 and 1999–2000; “Private School Principal Questionnaire,” 1993–94 and 1999–2000; and “Charter School Principal Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

128 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Teachers and Other Staff

Table 83. Principals in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics: 1993–94 and 1999–2000—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 129 Schools and School Districts

s l o o h c Table S 84. Number of public school districts and public and private elementary and secondary schools: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2003–04 Public schools2

Private schools2,3

Total, schools Schools with elementary grades with reported grade spans5 Total One-teacher

Schools with secondary grades

Schools with elementary grades

Schools with secondary grades

8

9

10

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— 9,275 11,306 10,375 10,666

— 3,258 3,568 3,331 3,322

25,784 25,350 26,431 26,597 27,011

— — — 17,849 —

13,574 14,762 — 15,340 —

4,061 4,129 4,451 4,606 —

1,815 1,365 1,166 1,111 1,056

25,352 25,906 25,330 25,378 24,504

— — — 19,910 19,489

14,372 — — 16,385 16,097

3,770 — — 5,904 5,766

— 61,069 59,656 59,082 58,827

— 921 798 838 825

— 24,362 23,988 23,947 23,916

— 20,764 — 6 27,694 —

— 16,792 — 6 20,872 —

— 5,678 — 6 7,862 —

— 82,190 81,416 81,579 81,880

— 60,784 59,754 60,176 60,699

— 763 729 583 630

— 23,389 23,841 23,638 23,461

6 25,616

6 20,252

6

— 6 26,807 — —

— 6 22,959 — —

84,538 84,578 84,497 85,393 86,221

82,475 82,506 82,896 83,431 84,476

61,340 61,739 62,225 62,726 63,572

617 569 430 442 458

23,460 23,248 23,220 23,379 23,668

6 24,690

6 22,223

6 25,998

6 23,523

14,891 14,928

87,125 88,223 89,508 90,874 92,012

84,958 86,092 87,541 89,259 90,538

63,961 64,785 65,859 67,183 68,173

474 487 476 463 423

23,793 24,287 24,802 25,797 26,407

14,859 14,559 7 14,465 7 14,383

93,273 94,112 95,615 95,726

91,691 92,696 93,869 93,977

69,697 70,516 71,270 71,195

411 408 366 376

27,090 27,468 28,151 28,219

Regular public school districts1

Total, all schools4

2

3

4

5

6

7

1869–70........................................... 1879–80........................................... 1889–90........................................... 1899–1900....................................... 1909–10...........................................

— — — — —

116,312 178,122 224,526 248,279 265,474

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — 212,448

— — — — —

1919–20........................................... 1929–30........................................... 1939–40........................................... 1949–50........................................... 1951–52...........................................

— — 117,108 83,718 71,094

271,319 248,117 226,762 — —

— — — — —

— 238,306 — 128,225 123,763

187,948 148,712 113,600 59,652 50,742

— 23,930 — 24,542 23,746

1959–60........................................... 1961–62........................................... 1963–64........................................... 1965–66........................................... 1967–68...........................................

40,520 35,676 31,705 26,983 22,010

— — — — —

— — — — 94,197

91,853 81,910 77,584 73,216 70,879

20,213 13,333 9,895 6,491 4,146

1970–71........................................... 1973–74........................................... 1975–76........................................... 1976–77........................................... 1978–79...........................................

17,995 16,730 16,376 16,271 16,014

— — 88,597 — —

89,372 88,655 87,034 86,501 84,816

65,800 65,070 63,242 62,644 61,982

1979–80........................................... 1980–81........................................... 1982–83........................................... 1983–84........................................... 1984–85...........................................

15,929 15,912 15,824 15,747 —

87,004 85,982 84,740 84,178 84,007

— 83,688 82,039 81,418 81,147

—

— 83,455 83,248 83,165 83,425

School year 1

1985–86........................................... 1986–87........................................... 1987–88........................................... 1988–89........................................... 1989–90...........................................

7 15,713 7

15,577 15,376 7 15,367 7

1990–91........................................... 1991–92........................................... 1992–93........................................... 1993–94........................................... 1994–95...........................................

7 15,358

1995–96........................................... 1996–97........................................... 1997–98........................................... 1998–99........................................... 1999–2000.......................................

7 14,766

2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03........................................... 2003–04...........................................

7

7 15,173 7 15,025 7

14,881 7 14,772 7 14,841 7 14,805 7 7

7

—Not available. 1Includes operating and nonoperating districts. 2 Schools with both elementary and secondary programs are included under elementary schools and also under secondary schools. 3Data for most years prior to 1976–77 are partly estimated. 4 Includes regular schools and special schools not classified by grade span. 5Includes elementary, secondary, and combined elementary/secondary schools. 6 These data cannot be compared directly with the data for earlier years. 7Because of expanded survey coverage, data are not directly comparable with figures prior to 1986.

Total

4

7,387 — 6 8,418 — — 6

— 23,543 —

8,989 9,282 — 6 10,555 —

6 27,686

6 25,153

6 10,942

— 6 27,402 — 6 27,223

— 6 24,915 — 6 24,685

6

6

— 26,093 —

— 29,273 — —

6

6

— 26,569 — —

6

— 6 10,779 6

6

— 10,693 — 11,846 — —

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Annual Report of the Commissioner of Education, 1870 through 1910; Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1949–50; Statistics of State School Systems, 1959–60 through 1967–68; Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Systems, 1970–71 through 1980–81; Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1970–71 through 1979–80; Private Schools in American Education; Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Private School Questionnaire,” 1987–88 and 1990–91; Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 1991–92 through 2001–2002; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “Local Education Agency Universe Survey” and “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 1982–83 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

130 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 85. Number of regular public school districts, by enrollment size of district: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2003–04 Number of districts Enrollment size of district 1

1990–91

1993–94

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

2003–04

1998–99 1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

Number Percent Percent 2002–03 of districts of districts of students

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Total.........................

15,358

14,881

14,772

14,766

14,841

14,805

14,891

14,928

14,859

14,559

14,465

14,383

100.0

100.0

25,000 or more ................

190

206

207

216

226

230

236

238

240

243

248

256

1.8

33.4

10,000 to 24,999..............

489

525

542

553

569

572

574

579

581

573

587

594

4.1

19.0

5,000 to 9,999..................

937

973

996

1,013

1,024

1,038

1,026

1,036

1,036

1,067

1,062

1,058

7.4

15.4

2,500 to 4,999..................

1,940

2,008

2,013

2,027

2,069

2,079

2,062

2,068

2,060

2,031

2,033

2,031

14.1

15.0

1,000 to 2,499..................

3,542

3,570

3,579

3,554

3,536

3,524

3,496

3,457

3,448

3,429

3,411

3,421

23.8

11.7

600 to 999........................

1,799

1,785

1,777

1,777

1,772

1,775

1,790

1,814

1,776

1,744

1,745

1,728

12.0

2.8

300 to 599........................

2,275

2,162

2,113

2,104

2,066

2,044

2,066

2,081

2,107

2,015

1,987

1,981

13.8

1.8

1 to 299............................

3,816

3,294

3,173

3,123

3,160

3,165

3,245

3,298

3,265

3,127

3,117

2,994

20.8

0.9

Size not reported .............

370

358

372

399

419

378

396

357

346

330

275

320

2.2

†

†Not applicable. NOTE: Size not reported includes school districts reporting enrollment of zero. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Local Education Agency Universe Survey,” 1990–91 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 131 Schools and School Districts

Table 86. Number of public elementary and secondary education agencies, by type of agency and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03 and 2003–04

Total agencies State or jurisdiction 1

Regional education service agencies and supervisory union administrative centers

Regular school districts, including supervisory union components

State-operated agencies

Federally operated agencies

Other agencies

2002–03

2003–04

2002–03

2003–04

2002–03

2003–04

2002–03

2003–04

2002–03

2003–04

2002–03

2003–04

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

United States .............

17,351

17,468

14,465

14,383

1,450

1,445

169

174

0

0

1,267

1,466

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

131 55 564 340 1,128

133 55 589 341 1,131

128 53 319 311 986

130 53 313 309 989

0 0 6 15 130

0 0 10 15 130

3 2 2 3 12

3 2 2 3 12

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 237 11 0

0 0 264 14 0

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

200 195 31 36 73

200 195 33 38 74

178 166 19 1 67

178 166 19 1 67

22 6 1 0 0

21 6 1 0 0

0 7 0 0 1

1 7 0 0 2

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 16 11 35 5

0 16 13 37 5

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

197 1 115 1,111 338

198 1 115 1,101 354

180 1 114 893 294

180 1 114 887 294

17 0 0 213 28

18 0 0 209 29

0 0 1 5 4

0 0 1 5 4

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 12

0 0 0 0 27

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

386 309 196 88 327

382 308 196 86 328

371 303 176 66 282

370 302 176 68 283

15 0 18 0 40

12 0 18 0 40

0 6 2 8 4

0 6 2 8 4

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 14 1

0 0 0 10 1

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

24 483 800 508 162

24 487 807 519 163

24 350 553 417 152

24 350 553 348 152

0 86 57 74 0

0 86 57 74 0

0 1 6 5 10

0 1 6 5 11

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 46 184 12 0

0 50 191 92 0

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

530 521 558 18 257

532 517 540 18 258

524 442 536 17 178

524 438 518 17 178

0 77 18 0 79

0 77 18 0 80

2 2 4 1 0

4 2 4 1 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

4 0 0 0 0

4 0 0 0 0

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

667 89 785 212 261

668 89 814 212 253

598 89 701 117 221

598 89 726 117 213

19 0 38 0 37

19 0 38 0 37

0 0 0 2 3

0 0 0 2 3

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

50 0 46 93 0

51 0 50 93 0

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

862 602 221 712 43

895 603 221 722 48

613 541 198 501 36

613 541 199 501 38

109 0 21 103 0

109 0 20 103 0

4 3 2 15 1

4 3 2 15 3

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

136 58 0 93 6

169 59 0 103 7

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

102 194 138 1,259 58

102 192 136 1,265 60

89 174 138 1,039 40

89 172 136 1,040 40

13 17 0 20 5

13 17 0 20 0

0 3 0 14 2

0 3 0 13 2

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 186 11

0 0 0 192 18

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

359 228 305 57 457 58

360 226 306 57 457 59

298 135 296 55 437 48

299 134 296 55 437 48

60 70 9 0 17 10

60 70 10 0 17 11

1 23 0 2 3 0

1 22 0 2 3 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

132 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 86. Number of public elementary and secondary education agencies, by type of agency and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03 and 2003–04—Continued

Total agencies State or jurisdiction 1

Regional education service agencies and supervisory union administrative centers

Regular school districts, including supervisory union components

State-operated agencies

Federally operated agencies

Other agencies

2002–03

2003–04

2002–03

2003–04

2002–03

2003–04

2002–03

2003–04

2002–03

2003–04

2002–03

2003–04

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Bureau of Indian Affairs schools ......................... Department of Defense dependents schools...... Domestic schools............ Overseas schools ...........

23

23

0

0

0

0

0

0

23

23

0

0

14 9

7 9

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

14 9

7 9

0 0

0 0

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ............ Guam .............................. Northern Marianas.......... Puerto Rico..................... Virgin Islands ..................

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Local Education Agency Universe Survey,” 2002–03 and 2003–04. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 133 Schools and School Districts _

Table 87. Public elementary and secondary students, schools, pupil/teacher ratios, and finances, by type of locale: 2002–03 and 2003–04

Small town7

Rural outside a CBSA or CSA8

Rural within a CBSA or CSA9

7

8

9

10

Total1

Large city2

Midsize city3

Urban fringe of a large city4

2

3

4

5

6

Enrollment (in thousands)..................................................

48,354

7,616

7,330

13,807

5,871

488

3,509

4,366

5,363

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race/ethnicity .... White, non-Hispanic....................................................... Black, non-Hispanic ....................................................... Hispanic ......................................................................... Asian/Pacific Islander..................................................... American Indian/Alaska Native......................................

100.0 58.4 17.1 18.8 4.5 1.2

100.0 22.7 32.4 36.6 7.5 0.8

100.0 48.0 22.9 22.6 5.6 0.8

100.0 59.2 14.6 19.6 6.0 0.6

100.0 73.2 10.4 13.0 2.6 0.9

100.0 63.8 14.6 16.1 3.2 2.3

100.0 71.4 13.5 10.9 1.5 2.8

100.0 80.0 10.2 5.2 0.9 3.7

100.0 78.5 9.7 9.0 1.6 1.2

Schools..............................................................................

95,726

12,037

12,950

21,262

10,763

1,047

8,754

16,964

11,939

Average school size10 ........................................................

521

644

588

666

560

486

426

265

464

Pupil/teacher ratio11 ..........................................................

16.4

17.5

16.5

17.1

17.0

15.9

15.5

14.3

15.3

Selected characteristic 1

Urban fringe of a midsize city5

Large town6

Enrollment, schools, and teachers, fall 2003

Enrollment (percentage distribution)..................................

100.0

15.8

15.2

28.6

12.1

1.0

7.3

9.0

11.1

Schools (percentage distribution) ......................................

100.0

12.6

13.5

22.2

11.2

1.1

9.1

17.7

12.5

Total revenue (in millions of dollars)................................... Federal........................................................................... Title I .......................................................................... Child Nutrition Act ...................................................... Children with disabilities (IDEA) ................................. Impact aid .................................................................. Bilingual education..................................................... Indian education......................................................... Math, science, and professional development ........... Safe and drug-free schools ........................................ Title V, Part A ............................................................. Vocational and technical education............................ Other and unclassified ...............................................

$448,737 36,911 8,716 7,450 6,659 1,096 145 80 889 287 508 575 10,506

$73,692 8,432 2,535 1,745 1,166 79 47 8 234 55 131 111 2,320

$67,387 6,219 1,601 1,310 1,010 98 32 7 160 59 88 97 1,756

$144,239 8,003 1,610 1,636 1,875 207 32 9 173 66 111 110 2,174

$56,005 3,821 897 811 787 149 13 7 106 31 46 62 913

$4,080 405 101 85 60 6 1 2 8 5 9 7 120

$31,101 3,201 721 662 426 169 6 18 76 24 48 52 998

$36,129 3,696 793 751 387 314 9 24 81 23 47 43 1,223

$30,962 2,021 400 440 378 55 3 6 44 16 25 28 627

State (in millions of dollars)............................................ Special education programs....................................... Compensatory and basic skills .................................. Bilingual education..................................................... Gifted and talented..................................................... Vocational education .................................................. Other ..........................................................................

213,812 13,706 4,605 583 524 914 193,481

35,412 2,729 1,220 18 40 62 31,343

33,810 2,022 930 41 57 86 30,674

61,765 4,445 1,560 398 228 230 54,904

26,655 1,887 343 102 139 210 23,974

2,119 89 16 1 1 11 2,001

16,607 725 157 8 14 100 15,603

20,114 758 198 8 21 90 19,039

15,839 861 156 6 22 72 14,721

Local (in millions of dollars) ........................................... Property tax12 ............................................................ Parent government contribution12 .............................. Private (fees from individuals).................................... Other ..........................................................................

198,013 121,714 32,513 11,134 32,652

29,848 16,239 8,780 891 3,939

27,357 16,894 3,929 1,462 5,071

74,470 50,076 10,149 3,887 10,359

25,528 14,635 5,381 1,578 3,935

1,557 981 201 122 253

11,292 7,270 772 863 2,387

12,319 7,463 1,306 1,062 2,487

13,101 7,676 1,956 936 2,534

Total revenue (percentage distribution).......................... Federal ....................................................................... State........................................................................... Local ..........................................................................

100.0 8.2 47.6 44.1

100.0 11.4 48.1 40.5

100.0 9.2 50.2 40.6

100.0 5.5 42.8 51.6

100.0 6.8 47.6 45.6

100.0 9.9 51.9 38.2

100.0 10.3 53.4 36.3

100.0 10.2 55.7 34.1

100.0 6.5 51.2 42.3

$463,207 384,249 237,059 19,735 18,398 29,421 36,559 16,000 14,593 12,485 17,210 11,218 50,529

$78,386 65,141 40,845 2,857 3,458 4,544 6,294 2,402 2,420 2,319 3,211 1,713 8,321

$68,196 57,564 35,492 3,125 2,954 4,173 5,525 1,939 2,250 2,108 2,573 1,460 6,598

$149,404 121,785 75,298 6,717 5,593 9,190 11,814 5,264 4,015 3,895 5,486 4,197 17,935

$57,232 47,522 29,474 2,442 2,183 3,628 4,521 2,048 1,907 1,319 1,746 1,518 6,445

$4,155 3,553 2,195 192 164 272 349 120 154 107 104 83 415

$31,806 27,128 16,783 1,330 1,163 2,239 2,549 1,094 1,246 725 971 647 3,060

$37,005 31,170 19,134 1,246 1,203 2,845 2,896 1,588 1,482 777 1,259 689 3,887

$31,873 25,997 15,924 1,245 1,067 2,175 2,417 1,379 1,090 700 1,359 881 3,636

Revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 Total expenditures (in millions of dollars)........................... Current expenditures for schools ................................... Instruction .................................................................. Support services, students ........................................ Support services, instructional staff ........................... Administration ............................................................ Operation and maintenance....................................... Transportation ............................................................ Food service .............................................................. Other .......................................................................... Other current expenditures ............................................ Interest on school debt .................................................. Capital outlay ................................................................. See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

134 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 87. Public elementary and secondary students, schools, pupil/teacher ratios, and finances, by type of locale: 2002–03 and 2003–04—Continued

Selected characteristic 1

Total1

Large city2

Midsize city3

Urban fringe of a large city4

Urban fringe of a midsize city5

Large town6

Small town7

Rural outside a CBSA or CSA8

Rural within a CBSA or CSA9

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Current expenditures (percentage distribution) ................. Instruction ...................................................................... Support services............................................................ Administration ................................................................ Operation and maintenance........................................... Transportation ................................................................ Food service and other ..................................................

100.0 61.7 9.9 7.7 9.5 4.2 7.0

100.0 62.7 9.7 7.0 9.7 3.7 7.3

100.0 61.7 10.6 7.2 9.6 3.4 7.6

100.0 61.8 10.1 7.5 9.7 4.3 6.5

100.0 62.0 9.7 7.6 9.5 4.3 6.8

100.0 61.8 10.0 7.7 9.8 3.4 7.3

100.0 61.9 9.2 8.3 9.4 4.0 7.3

100.0 61.4 7.9 9.1 9.3 5.1 7.2

100.0 61.3 8.9 8.4 9.3 5.3 6.9

Current expenditure per student (in dollars) ......................

$8,030

$8,661

$7,912

$8,198

$7,421

$7,121

$7,338

$7,582

$7,507

Instruction expenditure per student (in dollars)..................

4,954

5,431

4,878

5,068

4,602

4,399

4,540

4,654

4,598

1Includes data for districts without locale information, which are not separately shown. 2Central city of a core based statistical area (CBSA) or consolidated statistical area (CSA)

with the city having a population greater than or equal to 250,000. 3Central city of a CBSA or a CSA with the city having a population of less than 250,000. 4 Any incorporated place, Census-designated place, or non-place territory within a CBSA or a CSA of a large city and defined as urban by the Census Bureau. 5 Any incorporated place, Census-designated place, or non-place territory within a CBSA or a CSA of a midsize city and defined as urban by the Census Bureau. 6 Place not within a CBSA or CSA but with population of 25,000 or more. 7Place not within a CBSA or CSA with a population of at least 2,500, but less than 25,000. 8 Place with a population of less than 2,500 outside a CBSA or a CSA, and designated as rural by the Census Bureau. 9Place with a population of less than 2,500 within a CBSA or a CSA and designated as rural by the Census Bureau.

10Average for schools reporting enrollment. 11Ratio for schools reporting both full-time-equivalent teachers and fall enrollment data. 12Property tax and parent government contributions are determined on the basis of inde-

pendence or dependence of the local school system and are mutually exclusive. NOTE: Locale codes for districts with missing values were imputed from previous years, where possible. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding, and missing locale codes for some school districts. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 2003–04, and “Local Education Agency Universe Survey,” 2002–03 and 2003–04. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, 2003 “Annual Survey of Local Government Finances,” unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared December 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003 Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

EnrollEnrollEnrollWhite, ment, ment, ment, nonState fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic 2

Districts with more than 15,000 students ...................................

3

4

5

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022 16

17

18

19

Number of schools, fall 2003

20

21

22

59.2

24.9

27.2

6.4

0.7

1,229,398

17.0

2,329,666

8.9

—

—

—

—

—

1,014,087

29,886

AL AL AL AL AL AL AL AL AL

17,479 41,536 23,945 40,664 13,861 67,203 35,956 16,089 14,426

22,656 37,843 22,832 40,726 15,675 64,976 33,267 20,129 15,666

24,037 34,099 22,590 38,659 17,023 64,774 32,553 22,541 16,073

80.8 1.2 51.0 69.3 77.8 46.2 21.4 83.2 74.1

19.2 98.8 49.0 30.7 22.2 53.8 78.6 16.8 25.9

16.3 97.3 43.2 28.3 15.1 50.3 76.0 11.6 24.5

2.0 1.3 2.7 1.7 1.3 0.7 1.0 3.7 0.9

0.5 0.2 2.5 0.5 0.9 2.0 1.4 1.4 0.4

0.5 # 0.5 0.1 5.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.1

1,717 2,211 1,600 2,468 1,032 4,237 2,172 1,590 1,033

14.0 15.4 14.1 15.7 16.5 15.3 15.0 14.2 15.6

3,145 4,047 2,903 4,466 1,904 8,073 4,160 2,940 1,952

7.6 8.4 7.8 8.7 8.9 8.0 7.8 7.7 8.2

3.1 2.1 3.1 4.1 4.9 4.0 4.4 2.6 3.7

2.1 1.9 4.6 2.7 5.7 4.2 2.0 1.3 3.6

3.2 2.6 2.5 4.7 5.1 4.1 3.8 2.2 3.6

5.2 2.2 1.7 4.7 4.5 4.6 7.4 3.2 4.0

2.3 1.8 3.0 4.6 3.9 3.0 5.1 4.1 3.5

1,093 1,706 1,146 2,278 813 2,854 1,607 1,040 753

45 80 49 58 25 104 62 35 31

Anchorage ..............................................

AK

42,300

49,526

49,722

59.2

40.8

8.7

6.4

11.4

14.2

2,832

17.6

5,561

8.9

8.6

5.4

8.5

9.8

11.3

2,505

94

Amphitheater Unified District .................. Cartwright Elementary............................ Chandler Unified..................................... Deer Valley Unified ................................. Gilbert Unified......................................... Kyrene Elementary ................................. Mesa Unified........................................... Paradise Valley Unified ........................... Peoria Unified ......................................... Phoenix Union High................................ Scottsdale Unified................................... Sunnyside Unified................................... Tucson Unified ........................................ Washington Elementary .........................

AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ

13,835 14,369 11,038 15,898 10,863 10,487 62,470 26,698 20,846 18,182 19,741 13,058 56,177 22,446

16,857 17,746 21,703 27,158 29,188 19,446 73,587 34,882 32,608 22,192 26,958 14,518 61,869 24,723

16,868 19,864 26,915 31,691 35,218 18,579 75,401 34,884 36,719 23,989 26,559 15,861 61,448 24,438

59.7 9.9 57.8 80.4 77.1 69.7 60.7 75.5 70.1 12.3 80.6 6.5 36.1 48.8

40.3 90.1 42.2 19.6 22.9 30.3 39.3 24.5 29.9 87.7 19.4 93.5 63.9 51.2

3.7 5.5 5.9 3.1 3.8 6.4 3.7 3.1 4.9 10.1 2.2 2.0 6.6 6.5

31.7 83.0 30.4 12.2 14.4 13.8 29.5 17.5 20.8 72.8 12.5 86.8 50.6 38.2

2.9 0.6 4.4 3.3 3.8 7.8 2.3 2.8 3.1 1.5 3.4 0.6 2.6 2.9

2.0 1.1 1.5 0.9 0.9 2.4 3.8 1.1 1.2 3.3 1.4 4.2 4.1 3.5

926 961 1,221 1,585 1,909 1,017 3,704 1,788 1,938 1,295 1,395 874 3,356 1,284

18.2 20.7 22.0 20.0 18.4 18.3 20.4 19.5 18.9 18.5 19.0 18.1 18.3 19.0

1,885 2,244 2,447 3,029 3,687 1,803 7,644 3,177 3,543 2,660 2,460 1,843 6,672 2,560

8.9 8.9 11.0 10.5 9.6 10.3 9.9 11.0 10.4 9.0 10.8 8.6 9.2 9.5

3.4 † 4.1 6.3 2.5 † 3.8 5.9 2.4 11.2 1.4 12.3 4.7 †

1.8 † 4.7 5.5 0.8 † 3.4 4.9 1.3 7.4 1.2 13.1 4.0 †

2.7 † 3.7 5.2 2.6 † 4.9 4.4 3.0 11.6 1.4 12.1 5.1 †

3.6 † 3.2 6.9 2.7 † 3.6 6.4 3.2 12.9 1.8 10.5 5.7 †

6.3 † 4.5 8.0 4.3 † 2.8 8.0 2.5 14.6 1.3 12.3 3.8 †

947 † 1,021 1,320 1,817 † 4,014 2,136 1,990 3,534 1,708 580 3,309 †

22 24 28 34 38 26 91 50 37 14 34 23 126 32

Little Rock............................................... Pulaski County Special...........................

AR AR

25,813 21,495

25,502 18,735

25,346 18,522

25.1 57.2

74.9 42.8

68.6 39.6

4.2 2.1

1.8 0.8

0.3 0.3

1,726 1,202

14.7 15.4

3,692 2,922

6.9 6.3

12.1 7.5

12.2 7.9

11.7 6.4

11.5 7.5

13.3 8.3

1,334 816

52 36

ABC Unified ............................................ Alvord Unified ......................................... Anaheim Elementary .............................. Anaheim Union High............................... Antelope Valley Union High .................... Antioch Unified ....................................... Bakersfield City Elementary ................... Baldwin Park Unified............................... Bellflower Unified.................................... Burbank Unified ...................................... Cajon Valley Union Elementary .............. Capistrano Unified .................................. Chaffey Joint Union High ........................ Chino Valley Unified................................

CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA

20,972 14,853 14,972 23,086 10,937 13,045 24,911 15,878 9,917 12,057 17,328 26,852 13,505 23,257

22,303 17,664 22,275 29,363 19,056 20,018 27,674 17,473 14,935 16,170 19,059 45,074 19,851 31,763

22,226 19,441 21,963 32,468 22,148 21,628 28,315 19,287 15,522 17,066 18,070 49,746 23,341 33,340

10.9 23.4 8.0 24.7 37.8 40.1 16.3 6.0 23.2 50.3 60.4 72.2 30.4 36.0

89.1 76.6 92.0 75.3 62.2 59.9 83.7 94.0 76.8 49.7 39.6 27.8 69.6 64.0

9.8 5.7 1.9 3.4 21.2 18.2 12.9 2.1 16.4 3.0 7.2 1.4 11.6 4.7

38.6 65.0 83.7 55.2 36.3 29.1 68.0 85.9 48.9 37.1 28.3 19.0 51.5 46.2

40.4 5.4 6.2 16.2 4.1 11.4 1.7 5.7 11.1 9.2 3.1 7.0 6.0 13.0

0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.7 1.3 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.5 0.2

988 854 1,027 1,278 839 1,003 1,357 779 690 779 818 2,159 940 1,383

22.5 22.8 21.4 25.4 26.4 21.6 20.9 24.8 22.5 21.9 22.1 23.0 24.8 24.1

1,888 1,460 1,809 2,357 1,611 1,514 2,656 1,580 1,207 1,402 1,476 3,782 1,705 2,419

11.8 13.3 12.1 13.8 13.7 14.3 10.7 12.2 12.9 12.2 12.2 13.2 13.7 13.8

— — † — — — † — — — † — — —

— — † — — — † — — — † — — —

— — † — — — † — — — † — — —

— — † — — — † — — — † — — —

— — † — — — † — — — † — — —

1,636 837 † 3,688 2,992 1,254 † 713 780 1,094 † 2,644 3,873 1,865

30 19 23 21 13 23 42 22 15 20 28 56 11 35

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 135 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

40.8

Baldwin County....................................... Birmingham City ..................................... Huntsville City......................................... Jefferson County..................................... Madison County...................................... Mobile County......................................... Montgomery County ............................... Shelby County ........................................ Tuscaloosa County .................................

See notes at end of table.

† 16,807,641 20,106,176 20,844,627

6

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number of American Pupil/ Total Student/ Asian/ Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Pacific Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Islander Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003

Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Chula Vista Elementary.......................... Clovis Unified.......................................... Colton Joint Unified ................................ Compton Unified..................................... Conejo Valley Unified.............................. Corona-Norco Unified............................. Covina-Valley Unified.............................. Cupertino Union Elementary .................. Desert Sands Unified ............................. Downey Unified....................................... East Side Union High ............................. Elk Grove Unified.................................... Escondido Union Elementary ................. Fairfield-Suisun Unified........................... Folsom-Cordova Unified ......................... Fontana Unified ...................................... Fremont Unified ...................................... Fresno Unified ........................................ Fullerton Joint Union High ...................... Garden Grove Unified............................. Glendale Unified ..................................... Grossmont Union High ........................... Hacienda La Puente Unified................... Hayward Unified ..................................... Hemet Unified......................................... Hesperia Unified ..................................... Inglewood Unified ................................... Irvine Unified .......................................... Jurupa Unified ........................................ Kern Union High ..................................... Lake Elsinore Unified.............................. Lancaster Elementary ............................ Lodi Unified............................................. Long Beach Unified ................................ Los Angeles Unified................................ Lynwood Unified ..................................... Madera Unified ....................................... Manteca Unified...................................... Modesto City Elementary ....................... Modesto City High .................................. Montebello Unified.................................. Moreno Valley Unified............................. Mt. Diablo Unified ................................... Murrieta Valley Unified............................ Napa Valley Unified ................................ See notes at end of table.

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic 2

3

4

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Number of schools, fall 2003

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

CA 17,604 23,132 25,292 CA 23,224 32,717 34,663 CA 16,415 22,118 24,936 CA 27,585 31,037 32,486 CA 17,209 20,999 22,243 CA 23,036 37,487 43,998 CA 11,666 14,422 15,035 CA 12,227 15,670 16,048 CA 16,058 23,500 26,122 CA 15,418 21,474 22,523 CA 21,973 24,282 25,176 CA 27,246 47,736 55,613 CA 14,663 19,312 20,164 CA 20,227 22,263 23,241 CA 12,656 16,277 18,041 CA 27,043 37,244 41,343 CA 27,172 31,078 31,844 CA 71,500 79,007 81,408 CA 12,729 15,165 16,398 CA 37,969 48,742 50,172 CA 25,459 30,329 29,433 CA 18,647 23,639 24,456 CA 23,267 24,646 25,499 CA 19,122 24,205 24,014 CA 12,811 17,451 19,693 CA 13,113 15,360 17,051 CA 16,355 17,295 17,969 CA 20,735 23,961 24,930 CA 15,419 19,839 20,924 CA 20,183 29,333 32,357 CA 11,000 17,178 19,711 CA 11,248 14,433 15,799 CA 23,954 27,339 29,178 CA 71,342 93,694 97,560 CA 625,086 721,346 747,009 CA 15,469 18,237 19,658 CA 13,728 15,957 17,247 CA 13,356 19,746 22,627 CA 17,405 18,740 18,803 CA 10,697 14,547 15,581 CA 32,938 34,794 35,952 CA 29,064 32,730 34,792 CA 32,840 36,648 36,821 CA 3,990 12,065 17,480 CA 13,705 16,392 17,023

17.1 59.1 15.0 0.2 72.3 41.4 22.2 33.2 31.0 14.2 14.0 33.8 31.2 33.7 66.5 9.8 30.7 17.5 28.3 16.8 57.5 62.2 7.4 13.5 54.6 50.9 0.6 50.1 26.1 39.6 51.2 30.2 36.9 16.9 9.1 0.3 17.4 39.8 28.7 45.8 2.6 20.9 56.9 64.5 52.0

82.9 40.9 85.0 99.8 27.7 58.6 77.8 66.8 69.0 85.8 86.0 66.2 68.8 66.3 33.5 90.2 69.3 82.5 71.7 83.2 42.5 37.8 92.6 86.5 45.4 49.1 99.4 49.9 73.9 60.4 48.8 69.8 63.1 83.1 90.9 99.7 82.6 60.2 71.3 54.2 97.4 79.1 43.1 35.5 48.0

4.9 3.6 9.4 29.4 1.6 6.2 5.7 1.3 2.1 4.0 4.4 18.9 3.3 22.5 9.2 8.6 5.5 11.5 2.2 1.1 1.0 8.2 2.8 16.0 6.1 5.3 41.8 2.5 4.4 8.1 4.8 29.1 7.8 18.6 11.8 8.9 3.4 8.6 5.1 5.1 0.4 22.3 5.2 6.2 1.9

64.5 21.7 71.1 69.3 17.3 45.3 61.8 4.5 64.6 75.6 44.4 19.8 59.6 26.8 13.0 78.9 14.7 53.7 49.8 51.9 22.6 21.3 72.7 48.9 34.8 41.2 56.7 7.6 66.9 47.6 39.6 36.9 32.3 49.0 72.5 90.5 77.7 38.7 58.0 37.5 93.0 50.8 25.1 21.1 39.3

13.1 14.2 3.9 1.0 8.1 6.8 9.9 60.8 1.8 5.7 36.7 26.3 5.3 16.0 10.4 2.1 48.3 16.6 19.3 29.9 18.7 6.1 16.7 21.0 3.4 2.1 0.8 39.2 2.2 4.0 3.6 3.2 22.3 15.2 6.3 0.4 1.4 11.5 7.2 10.5 4.0 5.5 12.4 7.7 5.1

0.4 1.3 0.6 # 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.6 1.1 0.5 # 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.3 # 0.2 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.5 1.7

1,292 1,604 1,099 1,374 992 2,086 662 743 1,190 971 1,147 2,660 995 1,114 835 1,771 1,469 3,927 566 2,138 1,346 1,186 1,172 1,198 899 710 857 1,076 885 1,411 877 728 1,443 4,439 35,493 733 828 1,017 925 632 1,507 1,539 1,845 774 834

19.6 21.6 22.7 23.6 22.4 21.1 22.7 21.6 22.0 23.2 21.9 20.9 20.3 20.9 21.6 23.3 21.7 20.7 29.0 23.5 21.9 20.6 21.8 20.0 21.9 24.0 21.0 23.2 23.6 22.9 22.5 21.7 20.2 22.0 21.0 26.8 20.8 22.2 20.3 24.7 23.9 22.6 20.0 22.6 20.4

2,441 2,868 1,830 2,852 1,782 3,455 1,299 1,222 2,217 1,717 2,063 4,574 1,771 1,829 1,503 3,248 2,294 7,390 1,077 4,126 2,423 2,154 2,151 1,961 1,564 1,355 1,477 1,847 1,477 2,829 1,611 1,331 1,931 9,436 74,103 1,312 1,451 1,684 1,620 1,201 2,811 2,654 3,074 1,373 1,475

10.4 12.1 13.6 11.4 12.5 12.7 11.6 13.1 11.8 13.1 12.2 12.2 11.4 12.7 12.0 12.7 13.9 11.0 15.2 12.2 12.1 11.4 11.9 12.2 12.6 12.6 12.2 13.5 14.2 11.4 12.2 11.9 15.1 10.3 10.1 15.0 11.9 13.4 11.6 13.0 12.8 13.1 12.0 12.7 11.5

† — — — — — — † — — — — † — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — † — — — — — — † — — — — — —

† — — — — — — † — — — — † — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — † — — — — — — † — — — — — —

† — — — — — — † — — — — † — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — † — — — — — — † — — — — — —

† — — — — — — † — — — — † — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — † — — — — — — † — — — — — —

† — — — — — — † — — — — † — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — † — — — — — — † — — — — — —

† 2,052 789 902 1,413 2,170 979 † 1,394 1,292 4,467 2,728 † 1,106 898 1,793 1,972 3,721 2,670 2,738 2,002 4,387 1,345 1,264 995 857 666 1,838 797 5,741 900 † 1,456 4,664 27,720 824 796 1,061 † 2,815 1,543 1,694 2,161 690 998

40 39 28 40 29 42 20 24 28 22 21 55 22 27 31 38 41 100 8 67 32 19 39 33 22 22 20 33 24 23 22 18 47 91 693 14 20 24 27 6 29 33 55 16 37

136 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

See notes at end of table.

2

3

4

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Number of schools, fall 2003

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

CA 16,434 21,658 22,383 CA 19,179 23,610 24,101 CA 52,095 54,863 50,437 CA 17,034 22,354 22,484 CA 21,033 26,407 27,010 CA 25,224 31,097 32,032 CA 12,212 16,249 16,851 CA 11,512 14,552 15,746 CA 16,355 19,864 19,522 CA 14,427 20,847 22,499 CA 13,199 20,853 22,736 CA 12,855 16,862 17,013 CA 21,802 23,559 22,669 CA 21,438 26,046 26,774 CA 26,918 34,479 35,412 CA 24,662 32,532 33,051 CA 16,002 19,411 20,643 CA 19,794 28,060 30,431 CA 31,326 38,124 42,012 CA 19,143 18,972 18,384 CA 49,557 52,734 52,103 CA 25,130 35,199 35,349 CA 40,589 52,031 57,818 CA 121,152 141,804 137,960 CA 61,688 59,979 57,805 CA 29,630 33,015 32,314 CA 47,690 50,266 50,906 CA 16,119 20,742 21,988 CA 45,964 60,643 62,874 CA 18,262 21,181 21,727 CA 32,687 37,573 39,483 CA 27,894 35,330 39,228 CA 7,596 18,980 23,496 CA 19,645 24,118 25,229 CA — 13,816 16,063 CA 10,831 16,963 18,950 CA 19,049 20,270 19,462 CA 15,383 17,527 17,794 CA 21,309 23,989 25,258 CA 18,489 27,651 26,989 CA 12,613 14,849 15,458 CA 31,292 34,499 33,672 CA 10,278 17,001 21,122

53.2 16.5 5.8 30.5 9.2 42.4 8.8 23.1 20.7 26.0 20.6 3.1 15.8 57.8 7.3 65.5 45.9 9.1 37.5 6.0 22.7 66.8 16.0 25.9 9.9 28.9 70.8 76.6 3.3 69.9 11.6 13.9 65.3 41.7 41.1 37.8 15.3 53.9 38.2 41.6 18.7 14.5 62.2

46.8 83.5 94.2 69.5 90.8 57.6 91.2 76.9 79.3 74.0 79.4 96.9 84.2 42.2 92.7 34.5 54.1 90.9 62.5 94.0 77.3 33.2 84.0 74.1 90.1 71.1 29.2 23.4 96.7 30.1 88.4 86.1 34.7 58.3 58.9 62.2 84.7 46.1 61.8 58.4 81.3 85.5 37.8

1.2 4.3 42.7 10.2 4.5 1.7 2.6 3.5 0.6 5.0 20.8 11.0 26.2 1.9 8.0 3.4 8.3 23.2 10.0 3.9 22.6 2.2 19.9 14.5 14.9 3.5 7.6 1.8 0.7 1.5 13.4 4.8 5.0 3.9 7.7 2.8 35.0 2.4 2.5 5.4 4.2 29.5 4.1

39.2 70.7 34.0 50.3 83.0 42.5 84.6 64.6 76.4 64.5 55.0 82.5 54.4 30.4 77.8 9.7 34.4 64.9 47.2 60.7 29.6 20.3 60.2 41.9 22.0 50.7 13.1 4.4 92.0 20.1 52.0 68.9 19.9 18.1 34.6 44.5 23.7 39.2 51.7 46.5 18.5 38.9 24.9

6.1 8.1 17.1 8.2 3.0 12.6 3.5 7.6 2.0 3.7 2.8 3.2 3.5 9.5 6.8 20.8 10.7 2.5 4.8 29.3 23.5 10.4 2.9 17.2 52.7 15.2 6.4 16.4 3.9 7.5 19.6 11.9 8.5 35.5 15.4 14.6 25.3 3.3 6.5 5.8 58.5 16.9 8.3

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.5 1.1 0.2 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.1 1.5 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.6 1.7 2.1 0.7 0.1 0.9 3.4 0.6 1.3 0.7 1.2 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.5

1,036 1,066 2,544 1,069 1,194 1,521 785 603 995 1,069 927 786 1,076 1,180 1,544 1,479 916 1,325 1,808 827 2,659 1,459 2,691 7,421 3,139 1,627 2,418 1,026 2,833 961 2,004 1,773 1,094 1,139 752 808 916 787 1,145 1,193 686 1,698 839

21.6 22.6 19.8 21.0 22.6 21.1 21.5 26.1 19.6 21.0 24.5 21.6 21.1 22.7 22.9 22.3 22.5 23.0 23.2 22.2 19.6 24.2 21.5 18.6 18.4 19.9 21.1 21.4 22.2 22.6 19.7 22.1 21.5 22.2 21.4 23.5 21.2 22.6 22.1 22.6 22.5 19.8 25.2

2,025 2,109 4,924 1,767 2,098 2,923 1,322 1,150 2,013 1,829 1,624 1,333 1,940 2,163 2,805 2,760 1,516 2,334 3,174 1,606 4,539 2,445 4,943 13,911 4,951 2,526 4,784 1,824 5,125 1,988 3,698 3,477 1,791 2,067 1,277 1,400 1,643 1,592 2,138 2,200 1,162 2,965 1,487

11.1 11.4 10.2 12.7 12.9 11.0 12.7 13.7 9.7 12.3 14.0 12.8 11.7 12.4 12.6 12.0 13.6 13.0 13.2 11.4 11.5 14.5 11.7 9.9 11.7 12.8 10.6 12.1 12.3 10.9 10.7 11.3 13.1 12.2 12.6 13.5 11.8 11.2 11.8 12.3 13.3 11.4 14.2

— — — — † — † — — — † — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — † — † — — — † — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — † — † — — — † — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — † — † — — — † — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — † — † — — — † — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

1,118 1,192 1,617 957 † 2,065 † 2,529 1,009 950 † 593 970 1,656 1,410 2,230 1,313 1,392 2,251 1,072 2,237 2,157 1,933 6,504 3,399 1,740 3,556 1,491 2,484 1,148 1,309 4,768 1,049 1,813 927 944 1,099 1,024 1,310 1,996 1,288 1,770 2,393

31 29 118 28 34 42 21 9 29 23 26 18 32 30 40 31 20 27 46 22 88 37 65 185 118 57 83 28 56 29 50 28 24 30 21 26 29 29 32 28 15 64 13

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 137 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Newport-Mesa Unified............................ Norwalk-La Mirada Unified ..................... Oakland Unified ...................................... Oceanside Unified .................................. Ontario-Montclair Elementary................. Orange Unified ....................................... Oxnard Elementary ................................ Oxnard Union High ................................. Pajaro Valley Joint Unified ...................... Palm Springs Unified .............................. Palmdale Elementary ............................. Paramount Unified .................................. Pasadena Unified ................................... Placentia-Yorba Linda Unified................. Pomona Unified ...................................... Poway Unified ......................................... Redlands Unified .................................... Rialto Unified .......................................... Riverside Unified..................................... Rowland Unified ..................................... Sacramento City Unified......................... Saddleback Valley Unified ...................... San Bernardino City Unified ................... San Diego City Unified ........................... San Francisco Unified............................. San Jose Unified .................................... San Juan Unified .................................... San Ramon Valley Unified ...................... Santa Ana Unified................................... Simi Valley Unified .................................. Stockton City Unified .............................. Sweetwater Union High .......................... Temecula Valley Unified.......................... Torrance Unified...................................... Tracy Joint Unified .................................. Tustin Unified .......................................... Vallejo City Unified.................................. Ventura Unified ....................................... Visalia Unified......................................... Vista Unified ........................................... Walnut Valley Unified .............................. West Contra Costa Unified ..................... William S. Hart Union High.....................

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Number of schools, fall 2003

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Academy 20............................................ Adams 12 Five Star Schools .................. Adams-Arapahoe.................................... Boulder Valley......................................... Cherry Creek .......................................... Colorado Springs.................................... Denver County........................................ Douglas County ...................................... Greeley ................................................... Jefferson County..................................... Littleton ................................................... Mesa County Valley ................................ Poudre .................................................... Pueblo City ............................................. St. Vrain Valley .......................................

CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO

10,986 20,838 25,897 21,502 29,210 30,009 59,013 13,125 11,657 76,275 15,524 17,024 18,589 18,364 15,070

17,628 30,079 30,453 27,508 42,320 32,699 70,847 34,918 15,998 87,703 16,516 19,688 24,052 17,636 19,620

19,083 34,869 32,530 27,804 46,594 31,840 72,100 41,924 17,598 87,172 16,458 20,167 24,891 17,693 21,596

84.7 64.9 31.8 78.9 70.8 66.6 19.7 87.7 48.9 78.3 85.3 80.8 79.8 38.3 69.9

15.3 35.1 68.2 21.1 29.2 33.4 80.3 12.3 51.1 21.7 14.7 19.2 20.2 61.7 30.1

3.7 2.5 22.0 1.6 11.9 10.2 18.8 1.8 1.2 1.8 2.1 1.1 1.9 2.4 1.1

6.3 26.6 41.4 13.0 9.9 19.0 57.1 6.3 48.3 15.2 9.0 15.9 13.9 57.0 25.1

4.4 5.0 4.0 5.8 6.9 2.7 3.1 3.6 0.9 3.5 3.0 0.9 3.3 0.6 3.1

0.9 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.5 1.5 1.2 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.7 1.3 1.1 1.7 0.9

1,165 1,767 1,739 1,629 2,738 1,918 4,218 2,351 1,055 4,765 945 1,155 1,434 1,104 1,218

16.4 19.7 18.7 17.1 17.0 16.6 17.1 17.8 16.7 18.3 17.4 17.5 17.4 16.0 17.7

2,280 3,585 3,707 3,487 5,413 3,773 8,352 4,627 1,946 9,847 1,822 2,269 2,863 2,163 2,228

8.4 9.7 8.8 8.0 8.6 8.4 8.6 9.1 9.0 8.9 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.2 9.7

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

1,205 1,566 1,120 1,810 2,922 1,816 2,612 1,898 870 5,334 1,223 1,179 1,503 907 1,134

26 47 47 53 50 65 145 63 31 167 25 38 50 38 37

Bridgeport............................................... Hartford................................................... New Haven ............................................. Stamford ................................................. Waterbury ...............................................

CT CT CT CT CT

19,687 25,418 17,881 11,574 13,323

22,432 22,543 19,549 14,791 16,282

22,828 22,578 20,457 15,307 17,714

10.3 4.6 11.1 43.7 31.0

89.7 95.4 88.9 56.3 69.0

43.3 40.3 55.5 24.5 26.7

43.2 54.3 32.2 26.3 39.8

3.1 0.8 1.2 5.5 2.1

0.1 0.1 # # 0.4

1,486 1,717 1,411 1,210 1,308

15.4 13.1 14.5 12.7 13.5

2,803 3,336 3,292 2,036 2,490

8.1 6.8 6.2 7.5 7.1

10.0 6.3 5.2 2.7 3.0

7.3 8.7 4.7 3.9 3.4

10.8 5.8 6.1 1.8 2.8

14.0 5.1 5.9 2.7 3.1

9.2 2.2 4.0 2.7 2.0

834 785 788 795 578

35 40 50 22 29

Christina ................................................. Red Clay Consolidated ...........................

DE DE

17,872 14,551

19,882 15,827

19,407 15,556

47.0 50.7

53.0 49.3

38.9 28.8

9.9 16.6

4.0 3.8

0.1 0.1

1,316 965

14.7 16.1

2,638 1,802

7.4 8.6

10.5 7.9

13.6 10.3

10.5 7.0

7.8 7.6

8.0 5.4

857 758

28 28

District of Columbia ................................

DC

80,694

68,925

65,099

4.9

95.1

83.6

9.7

1.7

0.1

4,898

13.3

9,583

6.8

—

—

—

—

—

2,894

169

Alachua County ...................................... Bay County ............................................. Brevard County....................................... Broward County ...................................... Charlotte County..................................... Citrus County.......................................... Clay County ............................................ Collier County ......................................... Dade County........................................... Duval County .......................................... Escambia County ................................... Hernando County ................................... Hillsborough County ............................... Indian River County ................................ Lake County............................................ Lee County ............................................. Leon County ........................................... Manatee County ..................................... Marion County ........................................

FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL

26,305 21,827 56,503 161,101 13,030 11,697 21,925 20,850 292,023 111,142 42,950 12,831 124,337 11,683 21,065 43,240 27,241 26,207 29,577

29,712 25,755 70,597 251,129 17,170 15,199 28,115 34,203 368,625 125,846 45,012 17,215 164,311 14,979 29,293 58,401 32,050 36,569 38,562

29,448 26,708 73,901 272,835 18,298 15,517 31,370 40,157 371,785 129,557 43,998 19,596 181,900 16,637 33,992 66,466 32,194 40,269 40,382

53.2 79.5 78.3 36.3 84.5 90.6 82.3 50.7 10.4 47.8 57.6 83.4 48.7 70.1 71.2 62.2 54.1 64.2 67.7

46.8 20.5 21.7 63.7 15.5 9.4 17.7 49.3 89.6 52.2 42.4 16.6 51.3 29.9 28.8 37.8 45.9 35.8 32.3

38.6 16.2 14.0 36.8 8.4 4.3 10.6 11.2 28.9 44.1 37.0 6.9 23.6 15.8 15.6 15.0 41.1 16.4 20.8

4.7 2.0 5.7 23.5 5.4 3.5 4.7 36.9 59.4 4.8 1.9 8.5 25.0 12.6 11.5 21.1 2.5 18.2 10.2

3.3 1.9 1.7 3.0 1.4 1.3 2.2 0.9 1.1 3.1 2.7 0.9 2.4 1.2 1.3 1.3 2.2 1.0 1.0

0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.4

1,667 1,564 4,303 14,264 970 949 1,797 2,332 18,887 6,976 2,511 1,090 11,020 932 1,758 3,624 1,817 2,279 2,299

17.7 17.1 17.2 19.1 18.9 16.4 17.5 17.2 19.7 18.6 17.5 18.0 16.5 17.9 19.3 18.3 17.7 17.7 17.6

4,073 3,297 8,506 26,909 2,313 2,084 3,599 5,125 36,585 12,125 5,312 2,500 21,377 1,921 2,950 7,532 4,159 4,870 5,417

7.2 8.1 8.7 10.1 7.9 7.4 8.7 7.8 10.2 10.7 8.3 7.8 8.5 8.7 11.5 8.8 7.7 8.3 7.5

6.1 1.8 0.9 1.6 4.2 4.8 2.8 4.4 4.8 6.7 2.8 2.3 2.8 1.8 5.5 9.0 3.7 3.7 3.5

5.4 1.7 1.2 2.0 2.0 4.9 4.1 4.4 4.4 7.8 3.1 3.1 4.2 1.7 4.1 9.4 4.7 2.7 3.1

6.3 1.6 0.8 1.2 2.7 4.6 2.5 5.3 3.9 5.9 3.1 2.6 2.0 1.1 5.6 8.5 3.4 4.0 3.3

5.3 2.2 1.1 1.4 3.8 4.3 2.1 4.2 4.0 5.5 2.7 1.7 2.2 2.3 6.4 7.2 3.4 3.4 3.6

7.9 1.7 0.4 1.7 8.7 5.2 1.7 3.2 7.5 6.6 2.2 0.9 1.6 2.1 6.5 11.0 2.7 6.1 4.5

1,651 1,230 3,578 11654 1,076 830 1,627 1,711 16,638 5,260 2,320 923 7,968 821 1,531 2,846 1,788 1,709 1,960

64 41 107 259 22 23 33 56 362 177 76 20 232 26 51 81 53 70 62

See notes at end of table.

138 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic 3

Number of schools, fall 2003

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

72.7 80.4 40.3 42.4 46.3 84.6 70.2 60.7 86.8 55.1 90.5 79.4 67.2 71.7

27.3 19.6 59.7 57.6 53.7 15.4 29.8 39.3 13.2 44.9 9.5 20.6 32.8 28.3

10.0 12.5 28.5 9.7 29.7 4.1 19.5 22.4 9.1 29.1 5.3 9.5 13.8 15.2

16.0 3.8 26.9 45.5 21.1 9.7 6.7 15.6 2.6 14.2 2.1 9.3 15.6 11.6

1.0 2.8 3.8 2.3 2.3 1.4 3.3 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 3.1 1.2

0.2 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2

974 1,695 9,495 2,219 9,359 3,196 6,632 5,284 1,319 1,645 1,329 2,389 3,788 3,807

18.3 18.6 17.5 19.8 18.2 18.0 17.3 15.9 17.6 19.9 18.4 16.5 17.1 16.8

1,987 3,472 20,125 5,284 18,315 7,044 14,092 11,032 2,691 3,677 2,329 5,049 7,083 8,257

8.9 9.1 8.2 8.3 9.3 8.2 8.1 7.6 8.6 8.9 10.5 7.8 9.2 7.8

0.6 3.6 3.4 5.6 3.1 4.2 6.3 3.6 2.5 1.6 2.1 3.6 1.5 1.9

0.6 3.0 3.5 5.6 3.4 3.8 7.4 3.5 2.3 1.7 1.3 3.6 1.5 1.7

0.4 2.5 2.7 5.8 3.9 4.4 6.4 3.3 1.5 1.7 1.3 3.9 1.7 2.0

0.5 3.5 2.4 5.4 1.9 3.8 5.0 3.3 3.1 1.2 2.7 3.3 1.5 1.9

0.9 5.8 4.9 5.7 2.4 5.2 5.0 4.1 3.4 1.8 3.7 3.5 1.3 2.2

842 1,978 7,361 1,853 7,687 2,453 5,413 3,815 1,097 1,258 1,333 1,895 3,420 3,386

27 54 187 57 208 71 163 147 33 42 36 48 72 87

Atlanta City ............................................. Bibb County ............................................ Chatham County..................................... Cherokee County.................................... Clayton County ....................................... Cobb County........................................... Columbia County .................................... Coweta County ....................................... DeKalb County ....................................... Dougherty............................................... Douglas County ...................................... Fayette County........................................ Forsyth County ....................................... Fulton County ......................................... Gwinnett County ..................................... Hall County ............................................. Henry County ......................................... Houston County...................................... Muscogee County................................... Paulding County ..................................... Richmond County ...................................

GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA

60,714 58,230 52,103 24,378 24,739 25,276 34,044 35,344 34,514 16,086 26,043 29,711 34,754 46,930 50,555 69,441 95,781 102,034 14,096 18,756 20,063 10,430 16,766 19,035 74,108 95,958 99,550 18,482 16,799 16,844 14,002 17,489 19,697 13,105 19,590 21,224 7,742 17,131 22,067 41,195 68,583 73,319 63,930 110,075 129,014 13,738 20,330 22,535 10,929 23,601 29,843 16,249 21,529 23,395 30,038 32,916 33,055 7,604 16,587 20,459 33,660 35,424 34,400

7.6 25.9 29.5 86.2 13.1 57.9 79.9 73.4 11.7 15.0 60.3 75.6 90.9 45.2 52.7 66.9 66.1 61.8 34.8 83.0 25.6

92.4 74.1 70.5 13.8 86.9 42.1 20.1 26.6 88.3 85.0 39.7 24.4 9.1 54.8 47.3 33.1 33.9 38.2 65.2 17.0 74.4

88.2 71.4 66.1 4.6 72.8 27.7 14.3 22.2 77.8 83.8 33.4 17.9 0.8 39.3 21.4 5.5 28.0 33.1 60.5 13.9 71.2

3.6 1.2 2.5 7.8 9.6 10.3 2.4 3.6 7.0 0.7 4.8 3.2 7.0 8.8 16.0 26.2 3.6 3.0 3.2 2.4 2.0

0.6 1.3 1.7 1.2 4.4 3.8 3.3 0.7 3.4 0.4 1.4 3.2 1.3 6.6 9.7 1.0 2.1 1.8 1.4 0.3 1.0

# 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1

3,692 1,487 2,337 1,898 2,954 6,867 1,185 1,172 6,409 1,029 1,122 1,394 1,361 4,891 8,221 1,395 1,844 1,528 2,187 1,257 2,209

14.1 17.0 14.8 15.7 17.1 14.9 16.9 16.2 15.5 16.4 17.6 15.2 16.2 15.0 15.7 16.2 16.2 15.3 15.1 16.3 15.6

7,310 3,184 4,425 3,555 6,590 12,616 2,517 2,505 12,942 2,412 2,358 2,665 2,693 9,641 15,425 2,635 3,499 3,073 4,945 2,456 4,681

7.1 7.9 7.8 8.4 7.7 8.1 8.0 7.6 7.7 7.0 8.4 8.0 8.2 7.6 8.4 8.6 8.5 7.6 6.7 8.3 7.3

8.9 10.3 16.8 4.5 8.2 3.6 4.8 5.5 6.8 8.0 5.7 2.0 2.7 2.5 3.2 6.2 4.0 5.8 6.8 7.7 5.0

7.7 11.7 20.8 2.5 8.4 2.1 3.6 4.3 7.5 9.7 3.7 2.1 1.5 1.6 2.8 1.3 1.1 5.6 6.4 3.0 5.4

7.7 10.1 15.3 4.1 8.0 3.4 5.0 6.4 6.6 7.9 7.5 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 8.2 4.0 7.0 6.9 8.6 4.1

10.5 9.5 12.1 6.7 7.2 4.3 5.6 6.4 6.1 8.1 6.7 2.4 3.5 2.6 3.3 6.1 5.1 6.0 7.1 9.7 4.7

10.8 8.3 16.3 5.2 9.3 4.8 5.2 5.3 6.5 4.5 4.7 1.8 4.6 4.1 4.0 12.7 7.7 4.3 6.8 13.7 6.0

2,270 831 1,197 1,271 1,791 5,231 1,051 788 4,191 711 899 1,380 765 3,360 6,116 869 1,157 1,208 1,502 652 1,576

105 45 55 34 57 106 28 28 141 29 31 30 24 87 98 33 32 37 62 26 58

Hawaii Dept. of Education ......................

HI 171,309 184,360 183,609

20.2

79.8

2.4

4.5

72.4

0.5

11,129

16.5

21,112

8.7

5.1

2.8

5.4

5.8

7.6

10,452

284

Boise City Independent .......................... Meridian Junction ...................................

ID ID

26,211 26,987

87.4 92.0

12.6 8.0

1.9 1.4

7.0 3.4

3.1 2.5

0.6 0.8

1,466 1,361

17.9 19.8

2,671 2,415

9.8 11.2

4.0 3.5

2.3 3.4

3.8 2.9

6.2 3.9

3.9 3.8

1,737 1,498

54 40

City of Chicago ....................................... Community Unit 300 ............................... Indian Prairie .......................................... Naperville ...............................................

IL 408,714 435,261 434,419 IL 11,196 16,711 18,175 IL 7,670 23,173 26,779 IL 16,212 18,762 18,933

9.1 67.2 73.6 79.8

90.9 32.8 26.4 20.2

50.3 4.5 8.5 3.3

37.3 24.3 5.9 3.4

3.2 3.5 11.8 13.4

0.2 0.5 0.2 0.1

22,951 864 1,639 1,050

18.9 21.0 16.3 18.0

27,583 1,032 1,950 1,282

15.7 17.6 13.7 14.8

17.6 3.0 0.9 0.5

22.9 3.2 0.1 0.0

18.2 2.4 0.7 0.1

15.3 2.8 1.2 0.5

8.0 3.7 1.9 1.4

15,653 1,037 1,282 1,348

633 24 31 21

26,598 23,854

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 139 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

5

FL 11,692 16,308 17,783 FL 26,140 30,344 31,489 FL 102,672 150,681 165,992 FL 19,514 34,566 43,911 FL 105,712 153,871 170,260 FL 33,891 49,704 57,510 FL 92,976 113,027 114,510 FL 64,579 79,477 84,135 FL 12,080 20,090 23,191 FL 22,224 29,540 32,799 FL 15,708 22,633 24,429 FL 26,881 35,533 39,534 FL 48,831 60,869 64,904 FL 48,342 61,517 64,089

23,394 14,802

4

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Martin County ......................................... Okaloosa County .................................... Orange County ....................................... Osceola County ...................................... Palm Beach County ................................ Pasco County ......................................... Pinellas County....................................... Polk County ............................................ Saint Johns County ................................ Saint Lucie County ................................. Santa Rosa County ................................ Sarasota County..................................... Seminole County .................................... Volusia County........................................

See notes at end of table.

2

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Number of schools, fall 2003

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Peoria ..................................................... Plainfield ................................................. Rockford ................................................. School District 46.................................... Springfield............................................... Valley View.............................................. Waukegan...............................................

IL IL IL IL IL IL IL

17,378 3,324 27,255 27,726 15,813 11,781 12,116

15,724 11,986 27,399 36,767 15,387 13,558 15,510

15,863 18,964 28,612 38,821 15,212 15,949 16,260

34.9 75.8 46.1 49.2 58.8 45.9 9.7

65.1 24.2 53.9 50.8 41.2 54.1 90.3

59.0 7.5 32.2 7.4 37.8 25.8 20.7

3.8 13.3 18.3 36.2 1.2 23.0 67.4

2.2 3.3 3.2 7.1 2.0 5.3 2.2

0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 # 0.1

1,066 1,061 1,681 1,878 945 786 860

14.9 17.9 17.0 20.7 16.1 20.3 18.9

1,240 1,223 1,998 2,206 1,121 921 1,036

12.8 15.5 14.3 17.6 13.6 17.3 15.7

12.1 3.0 6.4 4.7 3.6 3.8 11.2

11.8 0.8 8.4 2.8 0.9 1.3 13.6

11.9 1.3 7.2 6.7 4.0 2.3 10.3

12.0 2.9 4.5 5.6 6.6 5.2 10.4

12.9 8.7 3.3 3.9 3.4 7.2 8.2

775 748 1,187 1,914 803 753 648

45 20 53 53 36 17 24

Evansville-Vanderburgh SC .................... Fort Wayne Community .......................... Gary Community SC............................... Indianapolis ............................................ M.S.D. Lawrence Township..................... South Bend Community SC.................... Vigo County SC ......................................

IN IN IN IN IN IN IN

22,918 31,611 26,620 48,140 11,066 21,425 16,982

22,875 31,843 19,206 41,008 15,692 21,536 16,545

22,408 31,815 17,381 39,989 16,201 21,871 16,377

82.1 62.2 0.6 30.6 59.2 48.4 91.6

17.9 37.8 99.4 69.4 40.8 51.6 8.4

15.7 26.4 97.9 59.7 33.3 37.6 6.6

1.2 8.6 1.2 9.1 5.5 12.4 0.6

0.8 2.2 0.2 0.4 1.9 1.2 1.1

0.3 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1

1,400 1,763 1,002 2,770 922 1,343 1,017

16.0 18.0 17.3 14.4 17.6 16.3 16.1

2,730 3,519 2,869 5,516 2,142 3,151 1,992

8.2 9.0 6.1 7.2 7.6 6.9 8.2

1.0 2.9 0.5 2.2 1.4 1.5 3.8

0.1 1.7 0.6 3.1 1.6 1.2 2.3

1.3 3.5 0.5 1.8 1.1 1.7 3.4

1.3 2.6 0.2 1.6 2.2 1.6 5.1

1.2 4.3 0.5 1.2 0.7 1.7 4.7

1,344 1,596 706 1,203 871 1,206 997

42 54 35 92 19 38 29

Cedar Rapids.......................................... Davenport ............................................... Des Moines Independent........................

IA IA IA

16,988 17,841 30,514

17,780 16,874 32,435

17,324 16,366 31,086

83.0 70.9 66.7

17.0 29.1 33.3

12.1 18.0 15.9

2.4 7.3 12.2

2.1 2.6 4.6

0.4 1.1 0.7

1,126 1,112 2,329

15.4 14.7 13.3

2,258 1,914 4,222

7.7 8.6 7.4

2.6 4.2 4.6

0.1 2.3 5.0

2.4 4.6 4.0

3.7 6.5 5.3

4.4 3.8 3.5

1,013 956 1,659

34 32 61

Blue Valley .............................................. Kansas City ............................................ Olathe ..................................................... Shawnee Mission.................................... Wichita....................................................

KS KS KS KS KS

9,432 21,948 14,868 30,563 46,847

17,111 21,173 20,703 30,765 48,228

19,055 20,868 22,917 29,389 48,894

88.5 20.3 83.9 82.9 48.7

11.5 79.7 16.1 17.1 51.3

3.3 48.2 5.9 6.7 23.6

1.8 27.7 6.1 6.8 19.7

6.2 3.3 3.6 3.1 5.4

0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 2.7

1,250 1,476 1,537 1,815 3,069

15.2 14.1 14.9 16.2 15.9

2,283 2,799 2,874 3,392 5,606

8.3 7.5 8.0 8.7 8.7

0.7 4.8 1.8 2.0 8.7

0.1 3.3 0.1 0.5 4.9

0.4 5.2 1.1 2.0 8.3

1.2 6.0 3.0 2.5 7.9

1.3 5.2 3.0 3.2 14.6

1,190 938 1,319 2,226 2,147

29 42 39 50 90

Boone County......................................... Fayette County........................................ Jefferson County.....................................

KY KY KY

9,911 32,083 91,450

13,445 33,130 96,860

15,406 34,259 95,582

93.9 68.5 59.9

6.1 31.5 40.1

2.2 23.3 35.0

2.2 5.1 2.7

1.5 2.9 1.9

0.1 0.2 0.4

895 2,534 5,656

17.2 13.5 16.9

1,902 5,010 13,624

8.1 6.8 7.0

2.1 5.0 5.9

1.7 5.1 4.6

2.2 5.8 6.1

2.3 4.1 7.2

2.2 4.9 6.4

722 1,643 4,932

18 60 173

Ascension Parish School Board ............. Bossier Parish SB................................... Caddo Parish SB .................................... Calcasieu Parish SB ............................... East Baton Rouge Parish SB.................. Jefferson Parish SB ................................ Lafayette Parish SB ................................ Livingston Parish SB............................... Orleans Parish SB .................................. Ouachita Parish SB ................................ Rapides Parish SB.................................. Saint Landry Parish SB .......................... Saint Tammany Parish SB ...................... Tangipahoa Parish SB ............................ Terrebonne Parish SB.............................

LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA

13,001 17,804 51,375 32,917 61,669 58,177 29,403 16,310 82,925 17,667 24,765 17,213 27,522 16,724 21,116

15,038 18,797 45,119 32,261 54,246 50,891 28,931 19,723 77,610 17,479 23,467 15,457 32,392 18,197 19,774

15,810 18,771 44,473 32,149 46,644 51,453 29,813 20,743 67,922 18,324 22,646 15,231 34,750 18,465 19,256

67.7 64.9 35.4 64.5 20.5 35.3 56.9 93.7 3.4 70.7 53.9 43.5 79.5 52.8 61.1

32.3 35.1 64.6 35.5 79.5 64.7 43.1 6.3 96.6 29.3 46.1 56.5 20.5 47.2 38.9

28.6 30.5 62.8 33.8 75.8 51.1 40.2 5.2 93.6 27.8 42.9 55.7 17.1 45.4 27.8

2.9 2.9 0.9 0.7 1.3 8.7 1.4 0.7 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.4 1.8 1.3 1.3

0.6 1.4 0.8 0.7 2.3 4.2 1.3 0.2 1.9 0.6 1.2 0.3 1.1 0.5 1.3

0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.4 0.1 8.4

1,105 1,170 2,928 2,185 3,137 3,372 2,118 1,354 4,657 1,283 1,573 1,046 2,492 1,058 1,386

14.3 16.0 15.2 14.7 14.9 15.3 14.1 15.3 14.6 14.3 14.4 14.6 13.9 17.5 13.9

2,178 2,378 6,485 4,441 6,573 6,937 3,955 2,572 8,945 2,747 3,213 2,142 4,952 2,252 2,649

7.3 7.9 6.9 7.2 7.1 7.4 7.5 8.1 7.6 6.7 7.0 7.1 7.0 8.2 7.3

4.7 4.6 10.0 4.8 8.5 9.7 7.8 1.2 9.1 7.1 8.7 5.0 4.0 7.0 8.3

3.8 3.8 7.7 3.9 8.3 9.8 7.2 1.3 7.1 7.7 7.4 4.4 3.7 6.7 7.9

5.3 4.7 8.5 4.8 9.0 11.3 9.1 1.2 9.7 5.4 9.4 5.4 3.8 9.3 9.6

5.1 3.8 8.3 4.9 8.2 9.3 8.9 1.4 7.5 7.2 8.4 5.0 4.9 7.0 6.4

4.8 6.1 17.2 5.6 8.5 7.6 5.8 1.0 12.5 8.2 10.1 5.6 3.7 4.4 9.8

772 983 2,223 1,747 2,815 2,261 1,624 1,056 3,471 923 1,294 805 1,834 1,030 1,007

23 35 75 59 98 84 45 37 128 35 53 38 51 37 41

See notes at end of table.

140 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic 3

Number of schools, fall 2003

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

72.2 9.1 56.0 81.7 94.4 89.0 52.6 82.8 78.1 65.9 44.6 8.0 76.5 87.1

27.8 90.9 44.0 18.3 5.6 11.0 47.4 17.2 21.9 34.1 55.4 92.0 23.5 12.9

20.9 88.6 36.7 15.7 2.8 7.5 41.1 9.9 16.3 18.4 22.1 77.6 18.6 9.5

3.4 1.4 2.5 1.2 1.3 2.3 2.7 4.1 2.7 3.6 18.7 10.8 2.1 2.0

3.1 0.6 4.3 1.2 1.3 0.8 2.8 2.9 2.3 11.8 14.3 3.1 2.1 1.1

0.3 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.2

4,501 6,268 7,292 1,042 1,709 1,044 1,447 2,408 2,297 3,324 9,007 8,119 1,004 1,292

16.6 15.0 14.9 16.7 16.9 15.8 17.7 16.2 17.5 14.4 15.5 16.9 16.2 15.7

8,050 11,223 13,297 2,025 3,009 1,817 2,568 4,426 4,465 6,299 17,870 15,130 1,745 2,294

9.3 8.4 8.2 8.6 9.6 9.1 10.0 8.8 9.0 7.6 7.8 9.1 9.3 8.9

4.4 11.5 3.0 3.3 2.0 3.0 3.3 1.8 3.4 2.0 1.9 3.1 3.1 3.1

4.8 10.3 2.5 3.1 1.3 2.5 3.2 1.3 2.1 1.7 1.9 3.7 2.2 2.1

4.5 12.7 3.2 3.4 2.2 2.6 3.4 2.4 3.4 2.4 1.8 3.5 3.9 3.3

4.7 13.0 3.8 3.2 2.7 3.8 3.6 1.5 4.3 1.8 1.9 2.5 2.8 4.2

3.2 10.1 2.5 3.7 1.9 3.5 3.0 2.2 4.1 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.8 3.1

4,466 4,524 6,859 1,043 1,910 878 1,481 2,465 2,425 2,990 8,282 7,552 845 1,234

119 189 167 25 42 31 34 59 51 71 194 203 27 46

Boston .................................................... Brockton.................................................. Lowell...................................................... Springfield............................................... Worcester ...............................................

MA MA MA MA MA

60,150 16,454 15,105 26,132 25,028

14.0 37.8 43.5 20.7 48.2

86.0 62.2 56.5 79.3 51.8

46.4 45.9 5.7 28.3 12.2

30.4 12.4 21.2 48.5 30.8

8.8 2.9 29.4 2.4 8.2

0.4 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.6

3,926 1,148 1,111 2,302 1,892

15.3 14.3 13.6 11.4 13.2

7,918 2,257 1,997 4,595 3,543

7.6 7.3 7.6 5.7 7.1

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

2,816 689 732 839 1,087

136 25 25 48 47

MI 14,199 16,539 16,701 MI 13,380 17,129 18,083 MI 168,116 162,194 153,034 MI 27,601 22,532 20,465 MI 26,250 25,625 24,166 MI 21,350 17,610 16,979 MI 16,373 18,347 18,379 MI 14,955 16,518 18,121 MI 23,960 27,786 28,935 MI 9,059 14,438 15,205 MI 14,336 14,602 15,421

68.1 93.5 3.0 18.7 27.8 37.6 91.8 81.8 92.6 89.2 88.8

31.9 6.5 97.0 81.3 72.2 62.4 8.2 18.2 7.4 10.8 11.2

15.4 3.0 90.8 77.9 44.0 41.1 3.7 5.1 1.8 3.4 5.3

3.6 2.1 5.1 2.7 25.4 15.2 1.5 1.8 2.3 1.7 0.8

12.5 0.8 0.8 0.3 1.4 5.0 2.7 10.8 3.1 5.2 4.5

0.5 0.6 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.7

1,055 1,072 6,719 1,209 1,633 304 1,035 890 1,546 888 802

15.8 16.9 22.8 16.9 14.8 55.9 17.8 20.4 18.7 17.1 19.2

2,130 2,079 19,620 2,628 3,464 322 2,103 1,678 3,177 1,767 1,490

7.8 8.7 7.8 7.8 7.0 52.7 8.7 10.8 9.1 8.6 10.3

— — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — — — —

1,141 1,014 5,540 714 708 778 1,315 1,008 1,867 811 970

33 32 261 39 88 42 34 25 43 24 26

63,024 16,791 15,989 26,526 25,828

Anoka-Hennepin..................................... Minneapolis ............................................ Osseo ..................................................... Rochester ............................................... Rosemount-Apple Valley-Eagan............. St. Paul ................................................... South Washington County ......................

MN MN MN MN MN MN MN

34,524 36,763 19,483 13,897 17,029 32,366 11,260

41,314 48,834 22,017 15,929 28,330 45,115 14,953

41,254 43,397 21,698 16,470 28,561 42,510 15,629

87.0 27.1 67.1 76.7 85.0 29.4 84.7

13.0 72.9 32.9 23.3 15.0 70.6 15.3

4.8 42.1 16.9 9.9 5.8 28.1 5.1

2.1 13.5 3.4 4.7 3.0 11.8 3.4

4.6 13.1 11.8 8.5 5.7 28.9 6.2

1.4 4.2 0.8 0.4 0.6 1.8 0.6

2,256 3,025 998 938 1,750 2,754 864

18.3 14.3 21.7 17.6 16.3 15.4 18.1

4,373 6,067 2,285 1,879 3,301 5,427 1,653

9.4 7.2 9.5 8.8 8.7 7.8 9.5

3.9 12.5 2.3 2.9 1.9 6.6 2.5

0.5 6.9 0.2 1.6 0.0 1.0 0.0

1.5 12.3 1.7 2.2 0.6 3.4 1.0

4.0 13.9 2.9 3.6 2.3 5.7 2.4

9.5 17.6 4.4 4.4 4.8 15.2 6.6

2,372 2,180 1,342 1,068 1,865 2,127 1,031

60 142 31 40 37 123 24

Desoto County........................................ Jackson................................................... Rankin County ........................................

MS MS MS

13,470 33,546 12,824

19,812 31,351 15,013

23,672 31,640 16,014

75.1 3.2 76.7

24.9 96.8 23.3

20.5 96.2 21.5

3.2 0.3 0.9

1.0 0.2 0.8

0.2 # 0.1

1,266 1,901 1,047

18.7 16.6 15.3

2,564 4,546 2,007

9.2 7.0 8.0

0.9 7.0 1.6

1.1 9.5 1.3

0.8 5.8 1.8

0.9 6.3 1.8

0.8 5.1 1.8

862 1,239 795

26 61 23

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 141 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

5

MD 65,011 74,491 74,508 MD 108,663 99,859 94,049 MD 86,737 106,898 108,523 MD 10,398 16,170 17,423 MD 21,835 27,528 28,832 MD 12,868 15,905 16,475 MD 18,708 23,468 25,610 MD 26,848 36,885 38,950 MD 31,500 39,520 40,200 MD 29,949 44,946 47,833 MD 103,757 134,180 139,201 MD 108,868 133,723 137,285 MD 12,549 15,151 16,261 MD 17,778 19,782 20,338 60,543 14,529 13,488 24,194 21,066

4

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Anne Arundel County ............................. Baltimore City ......................................... Baltimore County .................................... Calvert County........................................ Carroll County......................................... Cecil County ........................................... Charles County....................................... Frederick County .................................... Harford County ....................................... Howard County ....................................... Montgomery County ............................... Prince George's County ......................... Saint Mary's County ............................... Washington County ................................

Ann Arbor ............................................... Dearborn City ......................................... Detroit City.............................................. Flint City.................................................. Grand Rapids City .................................. Lansing ................................................... Livonia .................................................... Plymouth-Canton Community Schools... Utica Community .................................... Walled Lake Consolidated ...................... Warren Consolidated ..............................

2

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Number of schools, fall 2003

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Columbia ................................................ Ft. Zumwalt R-II ...................................... Francis Howell R-III................................. Hazelwood.............................................. Kansas City ............................................ Lee's Summit R-VII................................. North Kansas City .................................. Parkway C-2 ........................................... Rockwood R-VI....................................... St. Louis City .......................................... Springfield R-XII .....................................

MO MO MO MO MO MO MO MO MO MO MO

12,786 10,110 13,391 16,985 34,486 7,132 15,732 21,542 15,608 43,284 23,631

16,178 16,521 19,497 18,855 37,298 14,340 17,258 20,433 21,203 44,412 24,630

16,498 18,138 18,360 19,311 38,285 15,862 17,004 19,578 22,658 40,827 24,285

71.4 93.2 92.6 40.8 13.3 87.7 81.0 71.9 83.9 15.5 88.6

28.6 6.8 7.4 59.2 86.7 12.3 19.0 28.1 16.1 84.5 11.4

21.1 4.1 4.4 57.1 69.8 7.6 7.9 17.3 11.7 81.4 6.1

2.6 1.5 1.3 1.1 14.5 2.7 7.0 1.7 1.2 1.5 2.4

4.6 1.1 1.5 0.9 2.1 1.8 3.2 9.0 3.0 1.5 2.2

0.4 0.2 0.3 # 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.6

1,234 1,065 1,188 1,133 2,601 957 1,214 1,200 1,343 3,227 1,456

13.4 17.0 15.5 17.0 14.7 16.6 14.0 16.3 16.9 12.7 16.7

2,463 2,346 2,022 2,362 4,869 2,094 2,463 2,469 2,910 6,730 2,882

6.7 7.7 9.1 8.2 7.9 7.6 6.9 7.9 7.8 6.1 8.4

4.5 2.7 2.8 4.6 7.6 2.2 2.9 1.1 1.9 8.2 4.9

0.7 1.5 1.5 2.3 8.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.8 8.4 1.8

3.5 3.3 2.7 6.0 10.0 1.8 2.2 0.7 2.1 8.2 5.2

5.7 2.3 3.8 6.4 6.8 3.5 4.4 1.2 3.3 8.0 6.0

8.3 4.2 3.5 3.8 3.7 2.8 4.5 2.1 1.3 7.8 6.9

1,039 1,073 1,232 1,247 1,409 956 1,137 1,438 1,474 1,424 1,464

31 23 23 25 89 22 30 28 30 108 55

Lincoln .................................................... Millard ..................................................... Omaha....................................................

NE NE NE

27,986 16,764 41,699

31,354 19,160 45,197

32,120 19,904 46,035

82.1 92.4 47.6

17.9 7.6 52.4

7.4 2.2 31.1

5.3 2.3 18.1

3.8 2.8 1.7

1.4 0.3 1.5

2,342 1,275 3,101

13.7 15.6 14.8

4,533 2,313 6,227

7.1 8.6 7.4

6.2 1.3 10.9

0.6 0.3 12.9

3.9 1.0 10.6

8.8 1.3 10.8

11.3 2.7 8.0

1,896 1,513 2,168

66 34 84

Clark County........................................... Washoe County ......................................

NV 121,959 231,655 270,529 NV 38,466 56,268 62,103

44.0 60.6

56.0 39.4

14.1 3.6

33.2 27.1

7.8 6.0

0.9 2.8

13,483 3,614

20.1 17.2

21,049 6,775

12.9 9.2

8.1 3.4

6.1 3.1

5.3 2.6

3.2 1.7

19.6 6.2

10,215 2,851

298 102

Manchester.............................................

NH

14,604

17,407

17,655

83.4

16.6

4.6

9.2

2.3

0.5

1,160

15.2

1,918

9.2

6.8

4.0

7.0

7.5

10.0

1,180

22

Camden City........................................... Elizabeth City.......................................... Jersey City.............................................. Newark City ............................................ Paterson City .......................................... Tom's River Regional ..............................

NJ NJ NJ NJ NJ NJ

19,497 15,266 28,585 48,433 22,109 16,002

17,517 19,674 31,347 42,150 24,629 17,621

18,997 21,998 35,161 46,825 27,734 19,190

1.1 10.7 9.5 8.3 6.0 88.9

98.9 89.3 90.5 91.7 94.0 11.1

54.1 23.9 35.6 59.4 37.6 3.6

42.9 63.3 39.3 31.3 53.8 4.9

1.7 2.1 14.3 0.8 2.5 2.5

0.1 # 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.1

1,547 2,008 2,702 3,687 2,420 1,177

12.3 11.0 13.0 12.7 11.5 16.3

2,482 4,032 5,440 7,470 4,154 2,227

7.7 5.5 6.5 6.3 6.7 8.6

14.1 5.9 8.6 4.2 9.3 2.4

18.4 5.7 12.1 4.5 12.0 0.5

14.4 6.5 9.2 4.5 11.0 2.1

13.4 5.4 7.2 3.8 4.8 3.7

6.2 5.8 3.6 3.6 4.3 3.5

505 877 1,293 1,699 754 1,188

31 26 40 77 36 17

Albuquerque ........................................... Las Cruces .............................................

NM NM

88,295 19,216

85,276 22,185

90,537 23,101

36.4 27.5

63.6 72.5

3.9 2.3

52.6 68.3

2.3 1.0

4.8 0.9

6,191 1,545

14.6 15.0

12,170 3,178

7.4 7.3

7.1 5.5

9.0 6.9

6.8 5.9

6.9 5.5

4.6 2.9

4,708 1,417

148 37

Brentwood Unified .................................. Buffalo City ............................................. New York City ......................................... Rochester City ........................................ Sachem CSD.......................................... Syracuse City ......................................... Yonkers City ............................................

NY NY NY NY NY NY NY

11,749 15,565 16,607 47,235 45,721 41,089 944,113 1,066,516 1,023,674 32,705 36,294 34,598 15,187 14,948 15,378 22,432 23,015 22,405 18,621 26,237 26,201

15.0 25.9 14.8 13.7 90.3 36.2 18.5

85.0 74.1 85.2 86.3 9.7 63.8 81.5

20.7 58.5 33.7 64.4 1.0 51.4 29.2

62.5 12.8 38.4 19.8 5.0 8.6 46.2

1.7 1.3 12.7 1.8 3.5 2.6 5.9

0.1 1.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 1.2 0.2

1,073 3,023 70,171 2,833 1,162 1,804 1,883

15.5 2,230 13.6 5,420 14.6 107,532 12.2 5,780 13.2 2,014 12.4 3,849 13.9 3,854

7.4 7.6 9.5 6.0 7.6 5.8 6.8

3.7 7.6 14.2 13.0 1.2 3.8 7.7

0.1 5.4 5.4 12.4 0.2 2.5 9.6

4.7 6.0 23.9 15.0 0.3 3.9 7.8

5.7 7.2 16.9 12.2 0.9 5.3 5.7

4.9 13.4 12.4 11.7 3.9 4.6 5.9

641 1,638 37,915 1,021 910 627 724

18 68 1,225 62 15 35 39

Alamance-Burlington .............................. Buncombe County .................................. Cabarrus County .................................... Catawba County Schools ....................... Charlotte-Mecklenburg ........................... Cumberland County................................ Davidson County .................................... Durham...................................................

NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

10,322 20,729 21,788 22,026 24,708 24,828 12,853 19,115 21,860 12,770 16,250 16,635 77,069 103,336 114,071 44,612 50,850 53,159 16,426 19,136 19,549 18,517 29,728 30,889

59.9 85.5 73.8 77.5 41.6 40.4 93.7 27.8

40.1 14.5 26.2 22.5 58.4 59.6 6.3 72.2

26.8 8.5 17.1 8.7 44.5 50.4 3.1 59.7

11.6 4.6 7.4 6.1 9.0 5.9 2.1 10.0

1.4 0.9 1.3 7.5 4.3 1.6 0.8 2.2

0.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.6 1.7 0.3 0.3

1,457 1,626 1,423 1,063 7,350 3,255 1,178 2,094

15.0 15.3 15.4 15.6 15.5 16.3 16.6 14.8

8.3 7.8 9.2 8.3 7.8 8.4 9.1 7.7

5.5 6.4 5.1 4.7 5.5 4.3 5.9 6.5

5.5 7.7 5.3 3.5 6.8 5.4 6.1 7.7

5.9 5.8 6.0 5.2 5.7 5.2 6.2 6.3

4.1 6.6 4.8 6.0 3.9 4.0 6.1 6.3

6.8 4.8 4.0 4.3 4.4 1.8 5.2 4.6

1,081 1,370 1,097 827 5,087 2,809 1,046 1,435

33 41 28 25 137 85 29 43

See notes at end of table.

2,617 3,192 2,368 2,009 14,651 6,360 2,139 3,991

142 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Number of schools, fall 2003

3

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

37,625 29,631 24,575 11,890 10,610 14,647 11,653 19,090 18,605 17,629 13,572 23,251 16,403 12,864 64,266 13,653

44,769 47,788 30,603 31,288 63,417 66,971 16,338 16,914 17,235 19,098 21,334 24,946 18,342 18,526 21,605 22,268 20,984 21,745 20,040 21,412 17,271 18,211 23,911 24,352 20,472 20,907 22,862 26,993 98,950 109,424 19,279 19,424

49.8 73.0 45.7 56.8 72.9 66.0 38.5 65.7 63.5 42.4 84.9 20.4 69.4 73.5 58.3 47.5

50.2 27.0 54.3 43.2 27.1 34.0 61.5 34.3 36.5 57.6 15.1 79.6 30.6 26.5 41.7 52.5

37.6 20.8 43.9 32.9 18.1 22.4 54.5 30.1 29.3 52.0 6.6 30.9 23.2 17.2 29.9 43.7

11.1 4.7 5.4 8.9 6.2 10.8 5.3 2.7 4.8 4.2 7.3 5.2 5.8 8.1 7.3 7.2

1.3 1.4 4.4 0.4 2.6 0.4 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.3 0.7 0.4 1.3 0.9 4.3 1.3

0.2 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.2 0.4 43.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1

3,251 1,932 4,390 1,064 1,204 1,785 1,226 1,470 1,344 1,440 1,140 1,470 1,323 1,684 7,302 1,283

14.7 16.2 15.3 15.9 15.9 14.0 15.1 15.1 16.2 14.9 16.0 16.6 15.8 16.0 15.0 15.1

5,504 3,423 8,007 2,046 2,198 3,386 2,341 3,063 2,694 2,811 2,232 3,167 2,573 3,080 13,457 2,495

8.7 9.1 8.4 8.3 8.7 7.4 7.9 7.3 8.1 7.6 8.2 7.7 8.1 8.8 8.1 7.8

6.3 6.4 3.9 7.9 6.1 6.5 6.2 5.5 6.0 6.7 6.5 9.1 5.6 4.7 3.7 4.8

5.3 6.0 4.8 7.0 6.1 7.0 3.8 4.1 4.9 6.5 7.4 8.5 5.0 4.6 4.1 3.9

5.7 5.8 3.8 8.0 7.5 6.9 7.5 6.3 6.3 7.7 6.6 10.4 6.4 3.8 3.6 5.7

7.7 7.6 3.7 10.1 5.8 4.9 8.3 6.2 6.9 6.9 6.8 9.9 5.7 6.2 3.4 5.2

6.7 6.7 2.7 6.7 4.6 6.6 5.2 6.0 6.3 5.6 4.4 7.1 5.2 4.4 3.3 4.6

2,271 1,466 3,304 759 821 942 918 1,272 1,161 994 825 963 1,093 1,085 5,411 996

69 52 105 25 32 34 29 34 33 33 28 41 30 34 126 31

Akron City ............................................... Cincinnati City......................................... Cleveland Municipal................................ Columbus City ........................................ Dayton City ............................................. Lakota Local SD ..................................... South-Western City ................................ Toledo City ..............................................

OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH

33,213 50,394 68,924 63,956 28,000 9,356 16,605 40,126

31,464 46,562 75,684 64,511 23,522 14,659 19,216 37,738

28,816 40,374 69,655 63,098 18,491 16,358 21,230 34,486

47.1 25.4 18.0 32.0 27.3 87.0 80.7 44.4

52.9 74.6 82.0 68.0 72.7 13.0 19.3 55.6

50.0 72.7 71.4 62.1 70.8 6.4 11.9 47.3

1.0 0.9 9.6 3.4 1.6 2.2 5.4 7.5

1.8 0.9 0.7 2.2 0.3 4.4 1.7 0.6

0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 # 0.1 0.3 0.1

3,134 3,133 5,109 3,838 1,418 965 1,327 2,539

9.2 12.9 13.6 16.4 13.0 17.0 16.0 13.6

6,444 6,173 11,591 8,594 2,906 1,905 2,541 4,633

4.5 6.5 6.0 7.3 6.4 8.6 8.4 7.4

5.0 8.2 15.1 8.7 8.4 0.9 5.9 6.7

5.1 9.1 17.1 8.6 9.8 0.2 6.2 6.8

4.0 8.6 13.3 9.6 6.4 1.1 5.2 7.5

6.3 7.8 14.9 10.0 7.5 1.8 6.0 7.0

4.7 5.5 13.2 6.2 8.8 0.3 6.4 5.0

1,526 1,305 2,443 2,600 858 963 1,003 1,478

63 84 122 151 39 19 35 66

Edmond .................................................. Lawton .................................................... Moore ..................................................... Oklahoma City ........................................ Putnam City ............................................ Tulsa .......................................................

OK OK OK OK OK OK

13,041 17,727 16,630 36,038 18,071 40,732

17,084 17,338 18,101 39,750 19,506 42,812

18,158 17,069 18,946 40,599 19,365 42,280

81.6 50.2 66.7 27.3 61.3 39.7

18.4 49.8 33.3 72.7 38.7 60.3

8.1 31.9 5.6 34.8 21.6 35.9

3.4 9.2 5.7 29.6 8.9 14.3

3.2 2.2 4.3 2.6 4.3 1.2

3.7 6.5 17.6 5.6 3.9 8.8

1,031 1,025 1,069 2,345 1,145 2,567

17.6 16.7 17.7 17.3 16.9 16.5

1,824 2,057 1,805 4,435 1,864 5,535

10.0 8.3 10.5 9.2 10.4 7.6

2.5 4.8 3.9 12.1 5.9 7.7

2.6 2.2 1.2 14.6 9.1 7.3

3.1 7.5 4.9 13.9 6.3 7.3

2.2 4.8 5.6 9.7 4.1 8.1

2.2 4.2 4.4 6.0 2.3 8.6

1,267 894 1,137 1,441 1,185 1,758

21 35 27 89 26 86

Beaverton ............................................... Eugene ................................................... Hillsboro.................................................. North Clackamas .................................... Portland .................................................. Salem/Keizer ..........................................

OR OR OR OR OR OR

24,874 17,904 — 12,403 53,042 27,756

33,600 18,432 18,315 14,876 53,141 35,108

35,333 18,476 18,951 16,170 48,344 37,785

68.7 78.9 66.0 81.9 60.9 68.4

31.3 21.1 34.0 18.1 39.1 31.6

3.3 3.1 2.0 2.0 15.8 1.6

13.9 7.0 24.6 9.1 11.0 24.7

13.3 5.7 6.8 6.0 10.2 3.6

0.9 5.3 0.6 0.9 2.1 1.8

1,699 814 793 788 2,685 1,773

20.8 22.7 23.9 20.5 18.0 21.3

3,227 1,707 1,783 1,635 4,862 3,733

10.9 10.8 10.6 9.9 9.9 10.1

4.1 3.1 3.1 4.0 10.8 7.4

2.2 1.7 1.8 2.6 9.8 3.0

2.6 2.3 2.7 2.6 9.6 5.4

4.9 3.5 3.2 5.4 11.7 6.9

7.0 5.3 5.4 5.8 12.5 16.0

1,957 1,378 888 789 2,592 1,810

49 48 31 27 97 67

Allentown City......................................... Central Bucks ......................................... Philadelphia City..................................... Pittsburgh................................................ Reading ..................................................

PA 13,519 16,424 16,964 PA 10,286 17,305 19,089 PA 190,978 201,190 189,779 PA 39,896 38,560 34,658 PA 11,965 15,487 16,515

29.8 94.4 14.6 38.6 19.3

70.2 5.6 85.4 61.4 80.7

16.1 1.6 65.2 59.0 14.8

52.0 1.2 14.7 0.7 64.7

1.9 2.7 5.3 1.6 1.1

0.1 # 0.2 0.1 0.1

883 984 10,194 2,687 931

19.2 19.4 18.6 12.9 17.7

1,723 2,002 22,554 5,214 1,778

9.8 9.5 8.4 6.6 9.3

9.3 1.2 9.8 5.4 8.7

7.4 0.0 7.4 3.7 2.5

9.3 0.5 10.5 6.0 9.6

11.4 1.4 11.9 5.8 12.2

10.2 3.3 12.3 7.2 13.4

686 1,082 8,559 1,899 570

23 21 263 92 19

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 143 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Forsyth County ....................................... Gaston County........................................ Guilford County....................................... Harnett County ....................................... Iredell-Statesville .................................... Johnston County..................................... Nash-Rocky Mount ................................. New Hanover County.............................. Onslow County ....................................... Pitt County .............................................. Randolph County.................................... Robeson County..................................... Rowan-Salisbury..................................... Union County.......................................... Wake County .......................................... Wayne County ........................................

See notes at end of table.

4

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Number of schools, fall 2003

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Providence..............................................

RI

20,908

26,937

27,900

14.2

85.8

22.1

55.4

7.6

0.7

1,779

15.7

1,779

15.7

8.2

8.0

10.5

7.3

6.1

1,122

54

Aiken County .......................................... Beaufort County...................................... Berkeley County ..................................... Charleston County.................................. Dorchester County.................................. Greenville County ................................... Horry County .......................................... Lexington County #01............................. Lexington County #05............................. Pickens County....................................... Richland #01........................................... Richland #02........................................... York #03..................................................

SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC

23,964 12,525 27,392 43,667 13,737 51,471 24,085 11,204 11,688 14,298 27,071 12,792 12,690

25,147 16,721 26,635 44,767 16,678 59,875 29,894 17,285 15,064 15,938 27,061 17,409 14,925

25,333 18,328 27,899 44,109 18,137 64,245 31,648 19,099 15,865 16,262 26,990 19,865 16,307

60.0 46.0 58.6 39.9 66.9 63.9 69.0 87.6 69.6 88.0 18.6 37.9 57.7

40.0 54.0 41.4 60.1 33.1 36.1 31.0 12.4 30.4 12.0 81.4 62.1 42.3

35.7 40.7 35.8 55.5 28.7 28.3 25.8 8.0 26.5 8.9 78.7 55.7 35.5

3.3 12.1 3.4 3.1 2.2 6.0 3.7 2.5 1.5 2.1 1.9 3.5 3.5

0.7 1.1 1.9 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.2 1.5 2.3 0.9 0.7 2.7 1.6

0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.6

1,544 1,295 1,624 3,160 1,120 3,835 2,102 1,277 1,083 1,022 1,987 1,333 997

16.4 14.2 17.2 14.0 16.2 16.8 15.1 15.0 14.6 15.9 13.6 14.9 16.4

1,798 1,503 2,037 3,746 1,329 4,799 2,679 1,513 1,276 1,176 2,435 1,602 1,185

14.1 12.2 13.7 11.8 13.6 13.4 11.8 12.6 12.4 13.8 11.1 12.4 13.8

3.2 1.7 4.3 3.2 3.6 2.6 2.1 2.4 1.8 6.3 3.2 2.6 1.7

3.6 1.4 4.0 4.4 2.4 2.6 2.0 1.8 1.5 7.2 2.8 1.3 1.1

3.4 2.2 5.7 3.0 4.6 2.8 2.4 2.1 1.9 6.9 3.6 2.4 2.4

3.2 2.1 3.5 2.6 4.9 2.7 2.6 2.6 1.9 5.1 3.9 3.9 2.1

2.1 1.2 3.8 2.0 3.0 2.3 1.5 3.6 1.7 5.3 2.5 3.4 1.2

1,218 759 1,302 1,666 883 2,934 1,335 906 1,002 755 1,178 958 755

39 26 36 80 17 93 46 20 18 25 50 23 23

Sioux Falls ..............................................

SD

16,120

19,097

20,053

84.1

15.9

5.1

4.6

2.3

3.9

1,241

16.2

2,307

8.7

4.2

1.6

2.7

5.6

7.8

1,131

43

Hamilton County ..................................... Knox County ........................................... Memphis City.......................................... Montgomery County ............................... Nashville-Davidson................................. Rutherford County .................................. Shelby County ........................................ Sumner County....................................... Williamson County..................................

TN 22,874 39,915 40,100 TN 50,429 51,944 52,659 TN 106,223 113,730 116,224 TN 17,532 23,339 24,924 TN 67,452 67,669 68,651 TN 18,228 25,356 29,529 TN 37,605 46,972 46,808 TN 19,650 22,347 24,002 TN 11,502 19,545 21,956

— — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — —

2,739 3,609 7,275 1,558 4,858 1,792 2,649 1,576 1,361

14.6 14.6 16.0 16.0 14.1 16.5 17.7 15.2 16.1

6,476 6,664 12,943 2,984 9,292 2,734 5,059 3,006 2,512

6.2 7.9 9.0 8.4 7.4 10.8 9.3 8.0 8.7

5.8 3.0 8.6 3.3 7.6 2.2 2.1 1.4 1.7

5.6 0.1 6.9 1.9 7.9 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.1

5.2 0.6 8.4 2.1 6.7 1.2 1.6 1.6 0.5

7.2 3.6 9.0 2.7 8.5 2.3 2.8 1.3 1.3

5.6 8.6 11.5 7.5 7.0 5.4 3.6 2.9 5.5

1,715 2,553 3,933 1,063 2,609 1,506 2,550 1,477 745

81 88 185 30 126 38 49 42 33

Abilene ISD............................................. Aldine ISD............................................... Alief ISD.................................................. Amarillo ISD............................................ Arlington ISD .......................................... Austin ISD............................................... Beaumont ISD ........................................ Birdville ISD ............................................ Brownsville ISD ...................................... Carrollton-Farmers Branch ..................... Clear Creek ISD ..................................... Conroe ISD............................................. Corpus Christi ISD.................................. Cypress-Fairbanks ISD........................... Dallas ISD............................................... Denton ISD ............................................. Ector County ISD.................................... Edinburg ISD ..........................................

TX 18,217 18,118 17,036 TX 41,372 52,520 56,292 TX 29,774 42,151 45,344 TX 27,374 28,908 29,527 TX 44,958 58,866 62,454 TX 65,797 77,816 79,007 TX 18,684 20,696 20,732 TX 18,466 21,246 22,507 TX 34,906 40,898 45,923 TX 16,234 24,134 25,638 TX 22,372 29,875 32,810 TX 23,288 34,928 39,246 TX 41,881 39,138 39,310 TX 41,196 63,497 74,877 TX 135,320 161,548 160,584 TX 10,690 13,645 15,951 TX 26,993 26,831 26,090 TX 13,685 22,005 25,373

54.1 6.5 6.7 48.7 39.5 30.2 22.1 65.4 1.8 33.3 67.2 70.7 20.2 51.9 6.3 58.5 35.4 2.6

45.9 93.5 93.3 51.3 60.5 69.8 77.9 34.6 98.2 66.7 32.8 29.3 79.8 48.1 93.7 41.5 64.6 97.4

12.7 33.1 36.8 10.6 22.7 13.6 63.9 6.1 0.1 13.1 7.4 5.4 5.5 11.1 31.3 11.5 5.4 0.2

31.5 58.0 43.1 37.9 30.5 53.2 11.0 22.3 97.7 41.1 15.6 20.9 72.5 28.7 61.0 27.4 57.8 96.8

1.2 2.4 13.3 2.5 6.9 2.7 2.8 5.6 0.3 12.0 9.4 2.4 1.5 8.2 1.1 2.1 0.7 0.4

0.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.5 # 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 #

1,295 3,616 2,977 2,026 3,991 5,354 1,456 1,355 3,014 1,742 1,996 2,496 2,409 4,884 10,323 1,170 1,671 1,632

13.2 15.6 15.2 14.6 15.6 14.8 14.2 16.6 15.2 14.7 16.4 15.7 16.3 15.3 15.6 13.6 15.6 15.5

2,659 7,799 5,968 3,829 8,089 10,432 2,855 2,621 6,960 3,242 3,767 5,116 5,172 9,821 20,115 2,266 3,281 3,652

6.4 7.2 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.6 7.3 8.6 6.6 7.9 8.7 7.7 7.6 7.6 8.0 7.0 8.0 6.9

4.9 5.8 3.3 3.1 2.7 6.0 4.4 1.9 4.1 2.1 1.8 1.8 4.8 1.1 5.1 4.7 9.0 3.5

3.6 4.3 1.8 1.8 3.7 4.8 3.8 1.8 4.0 1.3 1.2 1.9 4.5 0.8 4.1 3.4 5.8 3.5

4.7 7.1 5.1 3.1 2.4 6.3 5.2 1.8 5.6 2.1 1.3 2.0 3.9 0.9 6.4 5.3 10.5 4.3

5.5 6.3 2.8 3.6 2.1 6.4 3.8 2.0 2.8 2.5 1.9 1.5 4.6 1.1 4.5 5.4 9.3 3.1

6.4 6.0 3.9 4.6 2.0 7.0 5.0 1.8 3.7 3.1 3.2 1.6 6.4 1.9 6.2 5.1 11.1 3.0

1,032 2,149 1,960 1,544 2,875 3,705 1,153 1,164 1,854 1,277 1,844 2,202 2,119 3,938 6,532 720 1,478 1,038

38 66 40 52 77 111 36 32 51 39 38 46 62 60 227 25 42 37

See notes at end of table.

144 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

See notes at end of table.

2

3

4

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Number of schools, fall 2003

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

TX 64,092 62,325 63,200 TX 36,270 53,999 61,248 TX 69,163 79,661 80,335 TX 15,593 18,885 20,454 TX 37,978 50,312 55,114 TX 17,654 18,003 19,247 TX 16,482 20,257 22,132 TX 13,805 15,857 17,051 TX 194,435 208,462 211,499 TX 19,560 24,684 27,009 TX 18,733 19,203 19,527 TX 23,509 29,097 31,249 TX 13,145 16,603 17,981 TX 19,507 34,503 42,116 TX 8,212 17,083 21,803 TX 22,131 29,687 32,583 TX 26,220 32,376 35,558 TX 8,523 17,641 21,765 TX 12,335 15,159 17,864 TX 23,304 22,547 24,846 TX 5,419 14,499 18,201 TX 20,776 39,096 44,024 TX 30,786 29,026 29,020 TX 7,570 14,888 21,060 TX 18,432 21,747 23,492 TX 4,703 12,000 16,663 TX 25,920 32,334 34,414 TX 21,082 20,522 20,921 TX 39,909 50,875 56,298 TX 50,229 63,739 71,798 TX 37,643 42,577 46,142 TX 6,482 14,545 16,592 TX 16,563 22,537 26,493 TX 28,398 47,161 51,869 TX 32,555 35,138 34,536 TX 19,636 31,536 35,553 TX 16,488 16,092 15,126 TX 60,161 57,273 56,914 TX 14,350 26,711 32,241 TX 23,661 31,659 33,005 TX 18,537 23,034 26,768 TX 16,182 16,626 17,394 TX 12,553 27,556 32,262 TX 14,304 15,433 15,669

13.3 31.7 17.8 11.2 39.5 35.5 25.3 10.8 9.1 65.7 59.5 24.3 29.5 63.6 77.3 35.7 54.4 0.3 35.6 0.5 74.0 68.6 38.1 59.9 8.2 66.8 45.8 42.7 45.4 31.3 19.4 40.7 1.2 62.3 40.1 60.4 44.2 3.6 5.4 34.7 31.0 32.9 2.1 16.9

86.7 68.3 82.2 88.8 60.5 64.5 74.7 89.2 90.9 34.3 40.5 75.7 70.5 36.4 22.7 64.3 45.6 99.7 64.4 99.5 26.0 31.4 61.9 40.1 91.8 33.2 54.2 57.3 54.6 68.7 80.6 59.3 98.8 37.7 59.9 39.6 55.8 96.4 94.6 65.3 69.0 67.1 97.9 83.1

4.4 29.8 28.1 21.3 18.2 17.6 15.0 0.7 29.7 12.3 11.9 12.7 25.5 6.7 5.1 40.4 13.7 # 14.1 0.1 5.0 8.3 14.8 19.4 0.6 9.2 21.3 9.8 9.5 7.2 6.4 21.0 0.2 8.8 25.1 9.6 6.3 8.8 1.3 6.3 31.8 34.0 0.2 36.9

80.6 20.2 52.1 65.9 34.9 45.6 54.9 87.8 58.1 18.2 18.3 57.8 42.0 22.1 11.3 18.9 23.8 99.6 47.5 99.2 17.2 16.0 45.3 15.7 89.3 21.2 28.5 46.2 41.8 58.7 70.8 29.6 98.6 13.0 25.7 21.0 48.2 87.2 92.6 52.7 31.2 31.7 97.2 45.8

1.3 18.2 1.8 1.5 7.0 1.2 4.0 0.6 3.0 3.4 9.3 4.8 2.6 7.4 5.9 4.4 7.9 # 2.6 0.2 3.2 6.6 1.5 4.5 1.9 2.2 3.6 0.9 3.0 2.5 3.2 8.3 0.1 15.6 8.6 8.5 1.1 0.3 0.4 6.2 5.7 1.2 0.4 0.4

0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.8 # 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.3 # 0.1 # 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 # 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 # 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 # 0.1

4,505 3,720 4,793 1,461 3,509 1,217 1,478 1,049 12,277 1,745 1,272 2,088 1,229 2,802 1,249 2,303 2,219 1,366 1,155 1,553 1,216 3,063 2,074 1,367 1,541 1,102 2,150 1,362 3,671 4,594 2,681 1,029 1,580 3,826 2,419 2,344 971 3,527 1,911 2,226 1,787 1,253 1,953 1,041

14.0 16.5 16.8 14.0 15.7 15.8 15.0 16.3 17.2 15.5 15.4 15.0 14.6 15.0 17.5 14.1 16.0 15.9 15.5 16.0 15.0 14.4 14.0 15.4 15.2 15.1 16.0 15.4 15.3 15.6 17.2 16.1 16.8 13.6 14.3 15.2 15.6 16.1 16.9 14.8 15.0 13.9 16.5 15.1

9,081 7,561 10,399 2,846 6,522 2,419 2,798 2,401 25,507 3,534 2,474 3,893 2,467 5,320 2,278 4,970 4,333 3,148 2,451 3,660 2,304 5,236 3,756 2,529 3,545 1,825 4,309 2,678 7,242 10,188 5,554 1,794 3,648 7,034 4,493 4,417 1,883 7,877 3,942 4,728 3,940 2,470 4,733 2,189

7.0 8.1 7.7 7.2 8.5 8.0 7.9 7.1 8.3 7.6 7.9 8.0 7.3 7.9 9.6 6.6 8.2 6.9 7.3 6.8 7.9 8.4 7.7 8.3 6.6 9.1 8.0 7.8 7.8 7.0 8.3 9.2 7.3 7.4 7.7 8.0 8.0 7.2 8.2 7.0 6.8 7.0 6.8 7.2

4.1 2.2 6.5 3.0 1.7 5.1 3.7 4.8 6.0 1.7 1.9 3.3 2.9 1.1 2.2 3.5 2.5 7.6 3.2 4.6 2.0 1.1 3.8 2.1 4.8 2.7 2.9 5.5 1.8 3.0 5.4 1.8 6.1 1.5 2.0 2.1 4.3 7.1 1.9 3.2 2.9 4.4 1.8 8.1

2.8 1.4 5.0 1.3 1.2 2.8 2.8 4.0 4.6 0.2 1.2 2.5 2.0 1.1 1.0 2.5 1.6 5.4 2.6 3.6 0.9 0.8 1.2 2.0 5.0 2.0 1.8 4.1 1.3 2.2 4.0 0.9 5.2 0.6 0.9 1.4 3.0 6.2 1.4 2.9 1.6 2.8 1.6 7.2

3.8 1.8 7.5 3.6 1.5 6.8 4.5 4.8 9.0 0.6 1.8 3.7 2.2 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.5 8.7 3.1 4.1 1.8 0.8 3.7 1.6 5.5 3.0 3.3 5.8 1.5 2.9 4.9 1.4 6.5 0.7 1.8 1.9 3.8 6.8 1.7 3.6 3.3 3.8 2.1 7.4

4.4 1.3 5.8 3.6 1.8 4.6 4.1 5.0 4.0 3.6 2.2 4.1 2.9 0.9 2.6 2.6 2.4 7.1 3.1 4.4 2.3 1.2 4.0 2.6 4.1 3.5 3.1 6.3 1.8 2.7 6.5 2.4 6.1 1.6 2.4 2.3 4.2 6.7 1.9 2.7 3.1 5.0 1.4 9.0

6.5 4.9 9.0 4.3 2.8 7.3 3.9 5.9 8.0 2.6 2.2 3.3 6.1 1.1 3.8 7.5 4.3 10.8 4.6 6.6 3.3 1.8 6.6 2.7 4.5 2.5 3.6 6.3 2.7 4.5 7.1 2.8 7.5 3.1 3.3 3.1 6.8 9.5 3.3 3.9 4.2 7.0 2.4 10.2

3,353 3,630 3,222 1,077 2,689 899 1,035 807 7,945 1,653 1,227 1,308 842 2,112 1,013 1,358 2,112 765 796 1,080 765 2,267 1,737 791 1,270 604 1,956 1,207 3,208 3,928 2,028 864 1,045 2,795 1,891 1,977 960 2,727 1,533 1,751 1,334 901 1,360 588

92 59 145 23 69 26 33 25 308 30 31 39 22 42 25 48 34 27 28 29 23 58 57 22 32 25 44 36 65 93 56 24 36 69 57 45 27 107 34 49 27 29 37 36

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 145 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

El Paso ISD ............................................ Fort Bend ISD......................................... Fort Worth ISD........................................ Galena Park ISD..................................... Garland ISD............................................ Goose Creek ISD ................................... Grand Prairie ISD ................................... Harlingen Consolidated ISD ................... Houston ISD ........................................... Humble ISD ............................................ Hurst-Euless-Bedford ISD ...................... Irving ISD................................................ Judson ISD ............................................. Katy ISD ................................................. Keller ISD................................................ Killeen ISD.............................................. Klein ISD................................................. La Joya ISD ............................................ Lamar Consolidated ISD ........................ Laredo ISD ............................................. Leander ISD ........................................... Lewisville ISD ......................................... Lubbock ISD ........................................... Mansfield ISD ......................................... McAllen ISD............................................ McKinney ISD......................................... Mesquite ISD .......................................... Midland ISD ............................................ North East ISD ....................................... Northside ISD ......................................... Pasadena ISD......................................... Pflugerville ISD....................................... Pharr-San Juan-Alamo ISD .................... Plano ISD ............................................... Richardson ISD ...................................... Round Rock ISD..................................... San Angelo ISD ...................................... San Antonio ISD ..................................... Socorro ISD ............................................ Spring Branch ISD.................................. Spring ISD .............................................. Tyler ISD ................................................. United ISD .............................................. Waco ISD................................................

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Number of schools, fall 2003

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Wichita Falls ISD .................................... Ysleta ISD...............................................

TX TX

15,011 49,974

15,013 46,394

15,063 46,668

56.8 6.8

43.2 93.2

17.5 2.2

22.3 90.1

2.5 0.4

0.9 0.5

1,113 3,000

13.5 15.6

2,124 6,274

7.1 7.4

1.9 5.6

1.6 2.2

2.3 4.9

1.3 5.5

2.6 10.9

1,071 2,842

36 63

Alpine...................................................... Davis....................................................... Granite.................................................... Jordan..................................................... Nebo ....................................................... Salt Lake City.......................................... Washington............................................. Weber .....................................................

UT UT UT UT UT UT UT UT

38,852 55,558 78,554 64,991 16,393 24,766 13,264 25,425

47,117 59,578 71,328 73,158 21,094 25,367 18,374 27,783

51,240 60,749 70,771 74,761 24,129 24,443 20,482 28,196

90.1 90.1 71.7 90.4 91.7 50.3 88.2 90.2

9.9 9.9 28.3 9.6 8.3 49.7 11.8 9.8

0.6 1.4 1.6 0.7 0.4 3.9 0.6 1.2

6.8 5.9 19.1 6.0 6.1 33.7 7.3 6.6

1.9 2.1 6.4 2.4 1.0 10.1 1.6 1.6

0.6 0.6 1.2 0.6 0.8 1.9 2.3 0.5

2,117 2,627 3,206 3,054 1,007 1,230 892 1,237

24.2 23.1 22.1 24.5 24.0 19.9 23.0 22.8

3,097 5,243 5,663 5,711 1,857 2,867 1,591 2,153

16.5 11.6 12.5 13.1 13.0 8.5 12.9 13.1

2.1 2.4 6.0 4.4 2.0 11.2 0.8 2.2

0.3 0.3 3.0 2.3 0.1 7.7 0.0 0.0

0.7 0.9 5.0 2.9 0.8 8.8 0.1 0.7

2.5 2.0 6.1 5.0 1.4 12.5 1.2 2.6

4.8 6.1 10.2 7.4 6.0 16.3 2.1 5.7

2,726 3,765 4,170 4,916 1,303 1,202 1,214 1,898

63 96 109 85 35 44 35 48

Arlington County ..................................... Chesapeake City .................................... Chesterfield County ................................ Fairfax County......................................... Hampton City.......................................... Hanover County...................................... Henrico County....................................... Loudoun County ..................................... Newport News City ................................. Norfolk City ............................................. Portsmouth City ...................................... Prince William County ............................ Richmond City ........................................ Spotsylvania County ............................... Stafford County....................................... Virginia Beach City .................................

VA 14,825 18,870 19,158 VA 29,533 37,645 39,412 VA 44,480 51,212 55,393 VA 128,766 156,412 164,235 VA 21,383 23,290 23,009 VA 11,328 16,611 18,139 VA 32,638 41,655 45,354 VA 14,485 31,804 40,750 VA 28,925 33,008 32,893 VA 36,541 37,349 36,724 VA 18,405 16,473 16,545 VA 41,888 54,646 63,404 VA 27,021 27,237 25,399 VA 12,227 18,876 22,075 VA 12,555 21,124 24,869 VA 70,266 76,586 76,304

42.3 60.2 67.3 55.1 35.0 86.9 56.3 72.6 34.9 26.4 26.8 51.8 7.0 75.4 73.0 60.5

57.7 39.8 32.7 44.9 65.0 13.1 43.7 27.4 65.1 73.6 73.2 48.2 93.0 24.6 27.0 39.5

14.5 35.3 25.1 11.2 60.5 10.3 36.0 8.4 56.9 68.6 71.3 23.9 89.9 18.0 19.5 28.8

32.9 2.0 4.3 15.8 2.4 1.1 3.0 9.9 4.8 2.8 1.1 18.2 2.4 4.2 4.6 4.6

10.2 2.2 2.8 17.6 1.8 1.4 4.4 8.8 2.5 2.0 0.8 5.8 0.6 2.1 2.5 5.8

0.1 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.3

1,775 2,877 3,846 12,293 1,868 1,404 3,175 3,017 2,425 2,586 1,155 4,125 1,892 1,663 1,736 5,555

10.8 13.7 14.4 13.4 12.3 12.9 14.3 13.5 13.6 14.2 14.3 15.4 13.4 13.3 14.3 13.7

3,531 5,021 5,412 25,260 3,283 2,372 5,641 5,226 4,354 4,995 2,193 8,365 2,733 3,035 3,146 10,137

5.4 7.8 10.2 6.5 7.0 7.6 8.0 7.8 7.6 7.4 7.5 7.6 9.3 7.3 7.9 7.5

3.0 2.8 4.3 2.7 3.7 0.7 2.3 1.1 3.0 4.6 3.3 4.0 3.1 2.2 2.5 1.2

3.4 2.5 5.0 2.0 4.5 0.2 1.4 0.6 3.0 6.6 2.6 3.3 6.1 2.4 2.4 2.0

1.9 1.7 4.5 2.2 3.6 0.6 2.4 1.0 3.1 3.3 6.5 2.9 2.9 1.5 1.8 1.4

3.9 2.6 3.1 2.9 2.1 0.4 2.3 1.2 3.1 3.3 1.6 4.0 1.7 2.6 2.9 0.7

2.6 4.6 4.6 3.7 4.4 1.8 3.6 1.7 2.9 2.7 2.6 6.1 0.0 2.5 2.9 0.3

923 2,298 3,292 10,450 1,279 1,060 2,400 1,766 1,570 1,348 736 3,196 1,058 1,119 1,359 4,455

32 46 60 204 36 21 66 61 48 58 27 75 59 30 24 86

Bellevue.................................................. Bethel ..................................................... Edmonds ................................................ Everett .................................................... Evergreen ............................................... Federal Way............................................ Highline................................................... Issaquash ............................................... Kent ........................................................ Lake Washington .................................... Northshore.............................................. Puyallup.................................................. Seattle .................................................... Spokane ................................................. Tacoma ................................................... Vancouver...............................................

WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA

66.0 70.6 72.5 75.5 81.6 57.4 43.7 80.5 64.9 77.9 80.8 81.8 40.7 85.3 52.8 77.7

34.0 29.4 27.5 24.5 18.4 42.6 56.3 19.5 35.1 22.1 19.2 18.2 59.3 14.7 47.2 22.3

2.5 10.2 5.5 4.5 4.1 13.0 13.6 1.8 10.4 2.6 2.5 4.4 22.8 5.0 22.3 5.2

8.2 6.2 7.0 7.2 5.5 11.6 19.8 3.6 8.1 6.2 5.8 5.6 11.2 3.1 10.0 10.0

22.9 9.7 13.5 11.1 7.7 16.7 20.8 13.4 15.4 12.5 9.8 6.3 23.0 2.8 12.8 4.9

0.4 3.3 1.6 1.8 1.1 1.4 2.2 0.7 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.8 2.4 3.8 2.0 2.1

863 825 1,071 874 1,288 1,126 938 730 1,371 1,187 1,012 1,021 2,577 1,753 1,765 1,140

18.7 21.1 20.5 21.3 18.6 20.0 18.9 20.7 19.6 20.3 19.8 19.6 18.5 17.7 19.0 19.4

1,749 1,712 2,276 1,744 2,405 2,233 1,973 1,463 2,845 2,263 2,053 1,892 5,183 3,420 3,562 2,420

9.2 10.2 9.7 10.7 10.0 10.1 9.0 10.4 9.4 10.7 9.8 10.6 9.2 9.1 9.4 9.1

2.5 7.1 6.9 11.6 6.3 5.9 10.0 6.6 2.7 1.8 1.3 7.4 24.4 3.9 5.0 10.5

0.6 3.2 1.9 11.8 1.5 1.5 14.0 10.0 2.1 0.3 0.4 4.9 21.4 4.9 5.7 5.2

1.1 7.8 3.3 9.7 3.1 7.2 9.9 5.0 3.1 0.6 0.5 5.3 21.6 3.0 5.0 9.2

2.0 8.0 5.6 7.7 7.5 8.7 7.8 4.0 2.8 0.7 0.6 6.3 25.3 3.9 4.2 12.5

5.7 10.1 19.5 17.6 14.1 6.3 5.7 6.9 2.9 5.3 3.7 13.9 29.2 3.8 4.7 15.6

1,090 975 1,111 885 1,147 1,151 984 896 1,535 1,651 1,413 1,153 2,629 1,793 1,462 1,170

32 29 42 31 35 46 32 23 42 49 35 32 129 66 61 37

See notes at end of table.

14,748 11,669 18,868 15,343 14,810 18,168 16,208 8,888 21,027 23,050 17,511 15,100 43,593 29,186 30,169 16,423

15,431 16,029 22,067 18,683 21,650 22,623 18,024 14,259 26,535 23,662 20,255 19,757 47,575 31,725 34,093 21,892

16,125 17,397 21,984 18,610 23,979 22,538 17,711 15,146 26,860 24,144 20,088 20,043 47,588 31,068 33,605 22,119

146 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued

Table 88. Selected statistics on enrollment, teachers, dropouts, and graduates in public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 1990, 2000, 2001–02, and 2003—Continued Percent dropouts from grades 9–12, 2001–021

Percentage distribution of enrollment, by race, fall 2003 Minority

Name of district 1

EnrollWhite, EnrollEnrollment, nonment, ment, State fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2003 Hispanic

Black, nonTotal Hispanic Hispanic

Number American Pupil/ Total Student/ of Indian/ classroom teacher number staff Asian/ Alaska teachers, ratio, of staff, ratio, Pacific Native fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 fall 2003 Islander

Number of high school graduates, Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 2001–022

Number of schools, fall 2003

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Kanawha County ....................................

WV

34,284

29,250

28,306

86.6

13.4

11.7

0.5

1.1

0.1

1,934

14.6

3,667

7.7

5.3

5.9

4.7

5.4

5.1

1,630

71

Appleton Area......................................... Green Bay Area ...................................... Kenosha.................................................. Madison Metropolitan ............................. Milwaukee............................................... Racine ....................................................

WI WI WI WI WI WI

12,876 18,048 16,219 23,214 92,784 21,904

14,793 20,104 20,099 25,087 97,985 21,102

15,275 20,297 21,426 24,913 97,359 21,457

82.4 69.9 69.1 59.3 17.3 56.3

17.6 30.1 30.9 40.7 82.7 43.7

2.4 4.5 14.4 19.8 59.4 26.3

4.2 12.2 14.5 10.1 18.0 15.9

10.2 8.4 1.7 10.1 4.4 1.3

0.9 5.0 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.3

948 1,463 1,444 1,992 5,930 1,324

16.1 13.9 14.8 12.5 16.4 16.2

1,556 2,460 2,419 3,754 11,252 2,485

9.8 8.3 8.9 6.6 8.7 8.6

0.8 1.6 3.3 3.0 9.0 5.2

0.0 0.0 2.3 2.1 10.7 1.5

0.0 0.0 3.4 2.9 9.5 3.6

0.4 0.7 4.2 3.6 8.5 6.2

2.8 6.0 3.5 3.5 4.9 11.5

1,109 1,131 1,305 1,607 3,912 1,163

33 36 41 51 223 35

NOTE: Total enrollment, staff, and teacher data in this table reflect totals reported by school districts and may differ from data derived from summing school-level data to school district aggregates. SB=School board. SC=School corporation. ISD=Independent school district. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 2003–04, and “Local Education Agency Universe Survey,” 1990–91, 2000–01, 2002–03, and 2003–04. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 147 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Tennessee, and Vermont reported data on an alternative July through June cycle, rather than the specified October through September cycle. 2Includes regular diplomas only.

Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1 Districts with more than 15,000 students ........................................

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

† $183,750,079

41.8 $190,788,305 $159,853,717

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

$16,502,208

$90,388,080

$76,859,791

100.0

9.0

49.2

Baldwin County............................................ Birmingham City .......................................... Huntsville City.............................................. Jefferson County.......................................... Madison County........................................... Mobile County.............................................. Montgomery County .................................... Shelby County ............................................. Tuscaloosa County ......................................

AL AL AL AL AL AL AL AL AL

166,133 257,585 176,842 289,550 109,981 449,312 209,544 174,555 114,552

11,686 34,190 17,275 20,929 7,187 65,632 28,652 9,720 8,796

83,042 140,175 83,944 159,167 67,201 253,660 131,640 82,502 64,428

71,405 83,220 75,623 109,454 35,593 130,020 49,252 82,333 41,328

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

7.0 13.3 9.8 7.2 6.5 14.6 13.7 5.6 7.7

50.0 54.4 47.5 55.0 61.1 56.5 62.8 47.3 56.2

Anchorage ...................................................

AK

414,075

49,899

232,053

132,123

100.0

12.1

Amphitheater Unified District ....................... Cartwright Elementary................................. Chandler Unified.......................................... Deer Valley Unified ...................................... Gilbert Unified.............................................. Kyrene Elementary ...................................... Mesa Unified................................................ Paradise Valley Unified ................................ Peoria Unified .............................................. Phoenix Union High..................................... Scottsdale Unified........................................ Sunnyside Unified........................................ Tucson Unified ............................................. Washington Elementary ..............................

AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ

112,255 130,470 196,048 216,226 214,852 126,485 538,798 241,927 222,378 229,821 201,129 101,668 449,579 187,306

9,208 15,699 9,023 8,963 8,810 6,529 42,099 14,995 10,632 19,200 8,606 14,911 56,080 20,808

42,180 89,576 97,246 105,215 110,076 48,012 264,853 83,211 116,062 40,164 41,452 54,886 206,013 81,689

60,867 25,195 89,779 102,048 95,966 71,944 231,846 143,721 95,684 170,457 151,071 31,871 187,486 84,809

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

8.2 12.0 4.6 4.1 4.1 5.2 7.8 6.2 4.8 8.4 4.3 14.7 12.5 11.1

Little Rock.................................................... Pulaski County Special................................

AR AR

238,340 146,084

26,809 12,859

172,076 110,796

39,455 22,429

100.0 100.0

11.2 8.8

ABC Unified ................................................. Alvord Unified .............................................. Anaheim Elementary ................................... Anaheim Union High.................................... Antelope Valley Union High ......................... Antioch Unified ............................................ Bakersfield City Elementary ........................ Baldwin Park Unified.................................... Bellflower Unified......................................... Burbank Unified ........................................... Cajon Valley Union Elementary ................... Capistrano Unified ....................................... Chaffey Joint Union High ............................. Chino Valley Unified..................................... Chula Vista Elementary...............................

CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA

176,359 158,650 168,084 264,266 224,193 175,871 231,722 147,885 117,781 174,754 146,519 359,936 229,107 248,431 219,944

16,680 11,511 13,382 29,096 8,803 7,378 35,138 15,510 10,529 6,606 11,173 14,397 8,182 9,302 15,733

121,171 109,778 92,113 142,913 175,382 89,679 160,368 103,209 82,339 117,666 83,961 130,244 159,690 167,794 111,116

38,508 37,361 62,589 92,257 40,008 78,814 36,216 29,166 24,913 50,482 51,385 215,295 61,235 71,335 93,095

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

9.5 7.3 8.0 11.0 3.9 4.2 15.2 10.5 8.9 3.8 7.6 4.0 3.6 3.7 7.2

See notes at end of table.

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

State

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

16

17

18

$99,195,926

$21,797,348

$4,672,183

17.6

$7,716

$1,531

43.0 32.3 42.8 37.8 32.4 28.9 23.5 47.2 36.1

172,634 269,370 187,414 278,995 117,038 471,711 215,906 171,678 119,853

157,491 248,965 162,208 237,590 98,252 403,870 200,957 147,764 93,621

98,386 134,331 99,714 148,926 59,469 240,639 120,856 87,529 58,996

9,508 7,635 21,578 23,905 12,929 52,909 7,409 11,807 21,110

2,710 6,025 649 8,639 3,806 10,741 2,669 7,441 2,637

14.2 29.7 16.1 8.2 9.2 23.9 22.8 8.0 15.7

6,727 6,890 7,164 5,931 5,932 6,305 6,106 6,832 5,902

1,138 1,275 1,225 1,145 1,048 1,277 1,158 1,058 1,100

56.0

31.9

528,943

391,739

232,179

120,199

13,171

8.2

7,826

2,415

37.6 68.7 49.6 48.7 51.2 38.0 49.2 34.4 52.2 17.5 20.6 54.0 45.8 43.6

54.2 19.3 45.8 47.2 44.7 56.9 43.0 59.4 43.0 74.2 75.1 31.3 41.7 45.3

98,209 127,975 175,812 226,477 185,240 118,187 470,406 250,460 217,117 214,071 188,059 101,763 406,514 164,765

88,409 97,851 129,914 151,930 156,238 93,068 398,106 187,471 179,153 178,454 152,769 93,339 370,725 140,477

49,048 59,226 77,807 92,238 95,397 55,827 242,174 110,013 107,391 91,840 90,481 53,379 193,251 85,583

4,366 29,936 38,090 55,137 16,000 3,810 55,251 30,095 19,216 25,101 27,555 4,976 17,214 17,873

5,015 188 7,397 19,213 11,176 17,723 12,921 26,058 18,398 9,568 7,547 3,037 18,190 3,012

14.4 26.8 10.5 6.1 4.3 4.9 11.8 7.4 6.9 26.4 5.6 36.4 20.0 15.6

5,132 4,947 5,303 5,056 4,698 4,950 5,289 5,345 5,093 7,556 5,607 5,983 5,983 5,732

1,100 1,092 1,010 876 602 602 1,154 934 912 1,126 882 1,222 1,343 937

72.2 75.8

16.6 15.4

252,263 148,945

204,047 135,645

110,422 80,836

36,461 5,366

9,502 2,097

19.3 12.6

7,994 7,403

1,245 1,185

68.7 69.2 54.8 54.1 78.2 51.0 69.2 69.8 69.9 67.3 57.3 36.2 69.7 67.5 50.5

21.8 23.5 37.2 34.9 17.8 44.8 15.6 19.7 21.2 28.9 35.1 59.8 26.7 28.7 42.3

195,773 137,135 179,172 295,529 151,152 173,339 225,531 170,641 126,739 160,704 154,483 408,540 209,053 261,649 232,819

157,098 126,791 148,588 238,714 134,991 131,463 219,008 134,245 105,957 114,703 132,530 324,278 153,377 204,637 180,206

100,679 81,728 97,169 151,544 84,363 88,236 139,154 83,302 68,405 74,051 87,095 213,107 97,744 136,606 120,519

22,144 7,958 24,209 30,142 12,591 25,769 4,116 21,664 15,047 41,832 20,410 71,300 41,062 45,102 41,481

1,830 2,165 0 5,950 1,458 42 1,580 1,134 418 1,841 1,424 3,331 5,993 5,775 6,398

12.7 14.1 23.8 16.0 15.4 9.2 37.9 21.3 18.7 14.5 16.3 6.0 11.2 7.7 11.8

7,035 6,631 6,641 7,617 6,408 6,220 7,772 7,005 6,871 6,849 7,105 6,671 6,978 6,217 7,329

1,078 1,312 1,334 1,344 1,383 1,284 1,510 1,230 1,225 1,089 1,517 1,121 1,184 1,069 1,472

148 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

See notes at end of table.

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA

302,436 162,297 288,404 177,104 370,262 114,564 109,772 230,811 165,622 249,082 469,357 163,177 198,911 159,531 359,733 273,706 753,759 122,313 374,552 261,405 203,994 230,138 188,586 182,486 108,607 150,173 175,434 181,379 287,748 318,428 123,099 264,820 757,771 6,978,828 150,526 136,014 169,228 277,215 295,121 248,803 294,198 183,127 135,108 196,499 203,498 535,822

15,166 14,703 39,841 6,386 20,943 7,045 3,593 20,242 12,049 14,852 28,982 12,582 9,567 8,165 27,255 11,834 98,909 3,687 33,913 22,419 11,185 19,257 14,571 14,171 8,786 13,861 7,007 13,220 24,044 9,307 11,383 18,362 104,562 824,683 13,012 14,783 8,325 25,442 33,581 22,236 17,561 3,456 8,835 11,809 21,533 60,308

176,430 115,133 201,010 74,770 263,537 77,108 19,652 119,391 115,043 104,388 280,063 94,401 133,543 84,468 291,286 126,151 488,178 62,193 222,611 163,227 88,405 162,864 103,857 126,876 74,198 96,076 65,408 130,011 166,408 267,138 88,809 173,080 489,856 4,608,751 115,825 93,242 105,570 173,505 191,942 181,725 135,549 119,821 34,682 55,700 141,643 325,488

110,840 32,461 47,553 95,948 85,782 30,411 86,527 91,178 38,530 129,842 160,312 56,194 55,801 66,898 41,192 135,721 166,672 56,433 118,028 75,759 104,404 48,017 70,158 41,439 25,623 40,236 103,019 38,148 97,296 41,983 22,907 73,378 163,353 1,545,394 21,689 27,989 55,333 78,268 69,598 44,842 141,088 59,850 91,591 128,990 40,322 150,026

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

5.0 9.1 13.8 3.6 5.7 6.1 3.3 8.8 7.3 6.0 6.2 7.7 4.8 5.1 7.6 4.3 13.1 3.0 9.1 8.6 5.5 8.4 7.7 7.8 8.1 9.2 4.0 7.3 8.4 2.9 9.2 6.9 13.8 11.8 8.6 10.9 4.9 9.2 11.4 8.9 6.0 1.9 6.5 6.0 10.6 11.3

58.3 70.9 69.7 42.2 71.2 67.3 17.9 51.7 69.5 41.9 59.7 57.9 67.1 52.9 81.0 46.1 64.8 50.8 59.4 62.4 43.3 70.8 55.1 69.5 68.3 64.0 37.3 71.7 57.8 83.9 72.1 65.4 64.6 66.0 76.9 68.6 62.4 62.6 65.0 73.0 46.1 65.4 25.7 28.3 69.6 60.7

36.6 20.0 16.5 54.2 23.2 26.5 78.8 39.5 23.3 52.1 34.2 34.4 28.1 41.9 11.5 49.6 22.1 46.1 31.5 29.0 51.2 20.9 37.2 22.7 23.6 26.8 58.7 21.0 33.8 13.2 18.6 27.7 21.6 22.1 14.4 20.6 32.7 28.2 23.6 18.0 48.0 32.7 67.8 65.6 19.8 28.0

292,652 172,612 273,889 169,419 357,930 123,180 127,408 226,895 155,152 298,095 480,377 145,356 190,107 178,300 318,700 256,250 708,690 119,622 368,034 267,618 207,465 245,937 193,299 167,760 108,313 164,278 189,062 165,717 275,328 154,869 114,771 233,125 826,177 7,554,624 145,237 125,882 164,231 268,006 289,752 234,675 297,643 153,015 146,524 195,371 205,891 571,443

242,778 153,994 226,809 147,634 280,388 102,535 101,722 173,232 142,691 201,036 385,745 132,967 144,634 115,096 272,930 216,756 633,458 98,720 347,218 212,197 187,982 186,306 177,518 127,310 105,558 131,796 165,351 141,453 225,354 125,992 102,566 196,692 715,990 6,354,239 126,784 117,101 131,627 237,717 261,276 224,951 260,542 91,762 125,327 169,604 176,860 456,324

142,770 93,069 145,232 99,045 181,398 62,416 68,073 110,564 94,548 113,664 246,214 85,825 90,293 72,574 168,463 146,371 380,215 59,297 228,705 143,051 114,650 114,144 111,882 80,979 68,247 76,078 107,547 90,737 120,329 79,495 69,353 126,269 429,043 3,699,595 76,658 71,396 83,675 150,531 164,429 143,829 169,265 58,831 84,400 103,918 105,737 270,505

36,859 14,197 32,185 11,803 64,731 12,534 21,308 50,024 6,184 74,440 80,161 10,183 40,696 60,417 40,925 12,282 42,933 12,632 12,895 44,071 6,638 25,605 3,230 38,256 2,424 23,277 13,418 22,044 36,219 27,060 9,361 32,926 60,160 900,485 13,771 4,578 27,655 15,259 12,032 7,040 27,443 57,108 16,301 15,638 9,128 61,222

7,546 1,795 469 1,637 3,368 980 4,079 3,161 1,358 5,162 126 2,127 1,094 1,631 3,264 6,381 16,289 338 175 6,081 1,680 2,627 1,482 1,554 57 1,146 5,248 1,562 3,448 966 1,810 2,227 8,440 105,570 476 572 2,862 7,182 2,113 746 4,120 2,200 1,104 1,914 1,500 15,705

11.2 21.7 35.9 4.8 9.0 12.9 5.7 18.5 13.7 10.7 13.0 15.2 10.5 12.6 21.3 5.1 37.4 13.1 18.6 20.0 8.8 14.6 9.5 20.2 16.3 28.0 6.2 20.8 20.0 13.6 23.8 18.9 30.8 29.7 27.7 34.7 8.4 28.5 28.1 16.5 6.8 4.0 8.8 12.3 13.3 23.7

7,134 6,412 6,968 6,755 6,680 6,967 6,408 6,880 6,399 8,236 7,359 6,582 6,296 6,534 6,795 6,892 7,799 6,096 6,935 7,133 7,689 7,398 7,381 6,725 6,518 7,429 6,675 6,911 7,281 6,655 6,585 6,927 7,365 8,508 6,514 6,948 6,252 6,891 7,341 6,582 7,062 5,945 7,424 7,614 7,341 8,692

1,281 1,276 1,406 1,173 1,352 1,114 988 1,399 1,137 1,372 1,521 1,498 1,485 1,320 1,322 1,112 1,513 1,042 1,719 1,449 1,324 1,174 1,341 1,472 1,260 1,512 1,053 1,405 1,478 1,310 1,288 1,488 1,378 1,520 1,265 1,365 1,399 — 1,288 1,457 1,303 886 1,421 1,116 1,093 1,625

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 149 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Clovis Unified............................................... Colton Joint Unified ..................................... Compton Unified.......................................... Conejo Valley Unified................................... Corona-Norco Unified.................................. Covina-Valley Unified................................... Cupertino Union Elementary ....................... Desert Sands Unified .................................. Downey Unified............................................ East Side Union High .................................. Elk Grove Unified......................................... Escondido Union Elementary ...................... Fairfield-Suisun Unified................................ Folsom-Cordova Unified .............................. Fontana Unified ........................................... Fremont Unified ........................................... Fresno Unified ............................................. Fullerton Joint Union High ........................... Garden Grove Unified.................................. Glendale Unified .......................................... Grossmont Union High ................................ Hacienda La Puente Unified........................ Hayward Unified .......................................... Hemet Unified.............................................. Hesperia Unified .......................................... Inglewood Unified ........................................ Irvine Unified ............................................... Jurupa Unified ............................................. Kern Union High .......................................... Lake Elsinore Unified................................... Lancaster Elementary ................................. Lodi Unified.................................................. Long Beach Unified ..................................... Los Angeles Unified..................................... Lynwood Unified .......................................... Madera Unified ............................................ Manteca Unified........................................... Modesto City4 .............................................. Montebello Unified....................................... Moreno Valley Unified.................................. Mt. Diablo Unified ........................................ Murrieta Valley Unified................................. Napa Valley Unified ..................................... Newport-Mesa Unified................................. Norwalk-La Mirada Unified .......................... Oakland Unified ...........................................

State

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

State

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

Oceanside Unified ....................................... Ontario-Montclair Elementary...................... Orange Unified ............................................ Oxnard Elementary ..................................... Oxnard Union High ...................................... Pajaro Valley Joint Unified ........................... Palm Springs Unified ................................... Palmdale Elementary .................................. Paramount Unified ....................................... Pasadena Unified ........................................ Placentia-Yorba Linda Unified...................... Pomona Unified ........................................... Poway Unified .............................................. Redlands Unified ......................................... Rialto Unified ............................................... Riverside Unified.......................................... Rowland Unified .......................................... Sacramento City Unified.............................. Saddleback Valley Unified ........................... San Bernardino City Unified ........................ San Diego City Unified ................................ San Francisco Unified.................................. San Jose Unified ......................................... San Juan Unified ......................................... San Ramon Valley Unified ........................... Santa Ana Unified........................................ Simi Valley Unified ....................................... Stockton City Unified ................................... Sweetwater Union High ............................... Temecula Valley Unified............................... Torrance Unified........................................... Tracy Joint Unified ....................................... Tustin Unified ............................................... Vallejo City Unified....................................... Ventura Unified ............................................ Visalia Unified.............................................. Vista Unified ................................................ Walnut Valley Unified ................................... West Contra Costa Unified .......................... William S. Hart Union High..........................

CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA

187,655 236,515 241,763 148,865 128,697 186,374 179,274 224,673 146,574 229,695 190,546 337,291 239,309 179,680 237,784 325,288 142,613 499,416 260,501 492,864 1,516,967 539,958 340,222 416,990 175,207 573,085 169,582 316,443 326,704 333,447 203,200 128,481 182,937 179,925 153,687 211,082 238,712 129,911 314,519 214,104

18,995 25,076 13,682 14,038 7,554 25,317 16,605 23,331 14,717 23,800 10,457 64,214 9,117 10,389 16,952 29,252 13,239 71,837 9,268 56,564 162,374 65,637 20,704 38,352 3,658 53,938 6,053 36,438 24,561 4,583 8,806 4,849 6,107 14,201 10,715 20,544 15,533 2,767 30,041 4,752

105,403 168,875 101,720 89,128 65,895 100,351 99,871 164,021 93,752 132,058 94,781 204,585 112,477 124,985 179,149 215,734 97,938 312,218 112,400 382,791 683,055 157,325 122,969 259,180 55,915 319,247 88,196 217,878 205,651 231,656 132,872 76,992 107,735 125,774 79,372 139,721 136,151 91,490 174,904 156,089

63,257 42,564 126,361 45,699 55,248 60,706 62,798 37,321 38,105 73,837 85,308 68,492 117,715 44,306 41,683 80,302 31,436 115,361 138,833 53,509 671,538 316,996 196,549 119,458 115,634 199,900 75,333 62,127 96,492 97,208 61,522 46,640 69,095 39,950 63,600 50,817 87,028 35,654 109,574 53,263

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

10.1 10.6 5.7 9.4 5.9 13.6 9.3 10.4 10.0 10.4 5.5 19.0 3.8 5.8 7.1 9.0 9.3 14.4 3.6 11.5 10.7 12.2 6.1 9.2 2.1 9.4 3.6 11.5 7.5 1.4 4.3 3.8 3.3 7.9 7.0 9.7 6.5 2.1 9.6 2.2

56.2 71.4 42.1 59.9 51.2 53.8 55.7 73.0 64.0 57.5 49.7 60.7 47.0 69.6 75.3 66.3 68.7 62.5 43.1 77.7 45.0 29.1 36.1 62.2 31.9 55.7 52.0 68.9 62.9 69.5 65.4 59.9 58.9 69.9 51.6 66.2 57.0 70.4 55.6 72.9

33.7 18.0 52.3 30.7 42.9 32.6 35.0 16.6 26.0 32.1 44.8 20.3 49.2 24.7 17.5 24.7 22.0 23.1 53.3 10.9 44.3 58.7 57.8 28.6 66.0 34.9 44.4 19.6 29.5 29.2 30.3 36.3 37.8 22.2 41.4 24.1 36.5 27.4 34.8 24.9

195,510 204,817 249,225 138,663 122,318 185,448 199,516 211,032 137,100 296,651 204,566 340,324 253,588 152,192 223,449 313,035 152,243 527,135 247,570 438,333 1,700,623 572,313 356,424 447,163 166,833 521,561 158,843 349,728 363,548 224,727 203,587 113,233 141,160 201,892 156,259 212,573 235,225 125,071 327,250 189,463

169,539 195,171 235,972 120,844 103,327 163,211 154,593 157,877 119,242 191,100 183,367 279,109 234,336 133,593 203,092 268,517 135,215 429,083 224,961 407,597 1,220,374 506,732 281,233 409,071 143,025 473,088 141,506 301,710 282,487 139,669 174,158 99,878 118,661 153,070 117,060 179,696 184,785 98,026 265,645 131,402

104,156 124,955 149,192 79,061 62,806 94,231 97,479 102,743 71,890 116,296 115,505 166,135 144,131 86,119 123,530 169,032 85,540 255,222 154,927 233,651 726,516 287,385 162,029 254,657 91,440 280,164 93,385 186,237 175,792 97,674 114,440 61,621 78,861 97,605 72,235 116,247 126,034 60,505 162,020 79,890

22,785 4,799 7,841 11,860 12,154 18,476 39,620 21,219 9,941 92,664 16,219 11,004 18,084 12,606 17,765 30,806 10,231 75,171 13,828 17,284 443,830 34,721 59,915 24,315 18,064 43,069 8,835 40,674 63,223 76,585 11,970 11,847 18,066 41,600 30,278 25,312 44,210 16,374 50,157 52,161

2,566 1,890 1,603 4,231 3,304 641 4,600 2,263 1,973 9,078 2,425 6,254 285 1,271 1,251 4,384 1,327 12,150 0 1,686 31,538 0 11,462 5,280 5,486 4,013 1,300 3,831 2,148 4,615 1,286 0 46 4,097 3,408 642 2,844 4,010 7,625 4,620

15.8 24.0 9.8 18.0 12.0 19.1 20.4 23.0 25.7 18.5 8.2 24.3 3.7 14.2 21.9 17.3 16.8 24.6 4.1 35.7 19.2 15.9 13.2 10.9 1.4 24.1 6.5 27.4 14.1 5.1 7.7 6.1 10.5 11.2 11.4 25.7 12.0 8.0 14.5 5.5

7,541 7,157 7,415 7,269 6,723 8,301 7,006 7,009 6,921 8,208 6,929 7,878 7,154 6,586 6,731 6,567 7,216 8,119 6,325 7,266 8,670 8,704 8,624 7,835 6,634 7,437 6,529 7,654 7,458 6,349 7,001 6,549 6,408 7,703 6,597 7,199 6,669 6,393 7,603 6,551

1,519 1,271 1,159 1,487 1,323 1,466 1,389 1,311 1,245 1,369 1,089 1,315 861 1,220 1,320 1,423 1,236 1,645 767 1,394 1,715 1,522 1,293 1,475 — 1,420 1,196 1,563 1,674 1,162 1,000 1,177 1,059 1,551 1,370 1,389 1,603 980 1,622 974

Academy 20................................................. Adams 12 Five Star Schools ....................... Adams-Arapahoe......................................... Boulder Valley.............................................. Cherry Creek ...............................................

CO CO CO CO CO

154,664 315,296 261,101 241,448 389,053

6,985 9,595 18,577 10,293 11,015

71,376 144,340 147,588 50,967 137,409

76,303 161,361 94,936 180,188 240,629

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

4.5 3.0 7.1 4.3 2.8

46.1 45.8 56.5 21.1 35.3

49.3 51.2 36.4 74.6 61.8

166,965 290,811 244,096 231,351 424,394

129,406 213,046 222,138 212,093 339,708

78,957 128,537 135,218 136,162 215,842

26,035 63,169 14,376 6,539 64,567

10,811 10,396 6,543 7,832 19,032

3.3 7.5 16.1 6.0 5.1

6,921 6,355 6,887 7,639 7,427

712 1,099 1,294 1,158 703

See notes at end of table.

150 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

State

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO

253,818 649,333 325,810 129,778 715,561 133,726 138,536 204,713 133,410 162,099

15,193 68,940 6,207 9,664 30,195 4,291 11,642 13,450 16,929 6,645

111,827 222,534 129,130 70,998 305,314 59,774 78,049 74,592 77,377 69,797

126,798 357,859 190,473 49,116 380,052 69,661 48,845 116,671 39,104 85,657

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

6.0 10.6 1.9 7.4 4.2 3.2 8.4 6.6 12.7 4.1

44.1 34.3 39.6 54.7 42.7 44.7 56.3 36.4 58.0 43.1

50.0 55.1 58.5 37.8 53.1 52.1 35.3 57.0 29.3 52.8

278,279 675,320 417,589 152,853 827,039 127,702 134,542 239,913 129,972 170,087

256,295 567,735 285,564 108,377 723,655 113,985 128,335 192,786 122,476 140,928

129,771 308,771 165,639 71,028 375,997 71,227 79,775 99,097 68,696 84,967

10,399 71,375 109,336 37,522 51,841 8,068 2,635 31,842 3,807 14,234

10,105 19,877 22,271 5,469 39,747 4,436 2,078 13,697 3,207 13,028

13.8 22.5 1.9 15.3 5.7 4.7 13.6 8.9 22.2 8.0

7,918 7,888 7,049 6,326 8,230 6,947 6,390 7,857 6,852 6,605

1,289 1,381 821 1,399 1,310 696 1,156 974 1,208 1,175

Bridgeport.................................................... Hartford........................................................ New Haven .................................................. Stamford ...................................................... Waterbury ....................................................

CT CT CT CT CT

271,135 342,330 353,856 210,207 200,479

37,169 52,537 48,281 7,929 16,430

185,652 208,477 228,943 28,582 115,348

48,314 81,316 76,632 173,696 68,701

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

13.7 15.3 13.6 3.8 8.2

68.5 60.9 64.7 13.6 57.5

17.8 23.8 21.7 82.6 34.3

270,464 342,036 343,611 204,274 204,869

243,261 312,889 263,594 187,538 191,555

161,241 195,614 165,548 120,228 111,279

15,265 11,398 59,871 7,131 9,848

2,891 5,181 10,556 6,408 515

21.8 36.0 31.0 7.6 22.3

10,815 13,763 12,966 12,313 11,001

2,226 2,414 2,218 1,482 1,866

Christina ...................................................... Red Clay Consolidated ................................

DE DE

196,916 164,345

14,143 11,401

116,969 90,031

65,804 62,913

100.0 100.0

7.2 6.9

59.4 54.8

33.4 38.3

220,609 174,174

207,890 154,811

131,310 97,240

1,147 7,748

1,715 808

9.8 9.0

10,604 9,910

1,913 1,903

District of Columbia .....................................

DC

1,114,061

152,599

0

961,462

100.0

13.7

0.0

86.3

1,105,963

902,317

473,414

194,278

0

29.1

13,363

2,268

Alachua County ........................................... Bay County .................................................. Brevard County............................................ Broward County ........................................... Charlotte County.......................................... Citrus County............................................... Clay County ................................................. Collier County .............................................. Dade County................................................ Duval County ............................................... Escambia County ........................................ Hernando County ........................................ Hillsborough County .................................... Indian River County ..................................... Lake County................................................. Lee County .................................................. Leon County ................................................ Manatee County .......................................... Marion County ............................................. Martin County .............................................. Okaloosa County ......................................... Orange County ............................................ Osceola County ........................................... Palm Beach County ..................................... Pasco County ..............................................

FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL

224,560 196,494 501,962 2,013,451 140,369 115,517 194,658 378,900 2,976,518 909,284 318,536 139,100 1,398,341 126,257 233,725 502,261 249,584 306,622 287,188 152,408 205,544 1,204,883 306,441 1,392,058 392,460

27,719 21,068 43,045 174,974 12,429 11,021 12,898 34,827 335,837 91,828 41,529 10,979 192,811 10,384 20,103 46,188 25,182 28,901 34,578 14,188 21,914 104,053 24,980 104,384 36,455

109,331 92,159 256,491 934,043 37,223 45,666 122,467 47,456 1,398,809 452,383 166,708 64,635 702,746 31,601 114,841 127,848 120,080 119,804 153,365 28,666 103,358 527,211 154,886 411,717 224,108

87,510 83,267 202,426 904,434 90,717 58,830 59,293 296,617 1,241,872 365,073 110,299 63,486 502,784 84,272 98,781 328,225 104,322 157,917 99,245 109,554 80,272 573,619 126,575 875,957 131,897

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

12.3 10.7 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.5 6.6 9.2 11.3 10.1 13.0 7.9 13.8 8.2 8.6 9.2 10.1 9.4 12.0 9.3 10.7 8.6 8.2 7.5 9.3

48.7 46.9 51.1 46.4 26.5 39.5 62.9 12.5 47.0 49.8 52.3 46.5 50.3 25.0 49.1 25.5 48.1 39.1 53.4 18.8 50.3 43.8 50.5 29.6 57.1

39.0 42.4 40.3 44.9 64.6 50.9 30.5 78.3 41.7 40.1 34.6 45.6 36.0 66.7 42.3 65.3 41.8 51.5 34.6 71.9 39.1 47.6 41.3 62.9 33.6

222,084 190,128 508,645 2,155,857 145,089 117,000 193,840 408,369 3,008,568 949,906 325,015 141,518 1,505,442 122,188 238,181 472,387 233,400 322,169 280,322 148,975 197,999 1,271,294 331,204 1,659,083 378,552

190,328 162,339 437,288 1,671,559 112,513 99,096 168,062 283,336 2,597,345 813,643 266,589 108,463 1,124,762 100,066 189,285 392,074 196,860 254,757 247,530 115,988 180,928 1,009,116 237,195 1,151,477 330,367

103,544 97,483 269,909 953,562 63,467 56,294 102,618 171,303 1,585,259 474,876 152,110 61,109 666,667 55,736 109,615 215,676 108,250 151,740 145,260 69,228 110,803 571,577 134,323 706,387 183,345

21,082 18,015 57,966 375,851 28,583 14,330 22,297 106,915 234,125 124,219 49,697 28,107 260,417 18,549 34,157 55,938 21,265 56,876 23,743 28,519 13,993 200,164 76,946 419,848 37,165

6,967 5,014 12,000 50,478 1,325 301 2,558 13,167 84,613 10,917 4,813 4,079 46,187 2,022 9,835 13,727 5,571 4,466 4,093 390 894 42,401 12,645 53,575 7,686

15.9 17.0 11.5 14.0 13.7 18.5 7.8 13.0 23.0 14.2 19.5 17.4 16.1 13.5 15.1 13.8 13.2 14.1 20.7 11.1 12.6 16.1 17.8 12.9 15.7

6,486 6,140 6,023 6,239 6,352 6,454 5,628 7,435 6,956 6,350 6,056 5,830 6,411 6,260 5,956 6,206 6,179 6,510 6,233 6,720 5,782 6,358 5,859 6,983 6,011

1,259 1,200 1,276 1,247 1,080 1,118 1,158 1,213 1,293 1,303 1,315 1,055 1,241 1,080 1,228 1,245 1,203 1,114 1,158 1,192 1,018 1,186 987 1,261 1,076

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 151 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Colorado Springs......................................... Denver County............................................. Douglas County ........................................... Greeley ........................................................ Jefferson County.......................................... Littleton ........................................................ Mesa County Valley ..................................... Poudre ......................................................... Pueblo City .................................................. St. Vrain Valley ............................................

Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

State

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

Pinellas County............................................ Polk County ................................................. Saint Johns County ..................................... Saint Lucie County ...................................... Santa Rosa County ..................................... Sarasota County.......................................... Seminole County ......................................... Volusia County.............................................

FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL

854,304 598,573 179,392 234,656 154,366 375,194 454,552 491,233

79,604 69,077 10,773 24,062 15,781 23,446 32,739 40,371

371,241 320,691 59,282 107,614 88,911 56,333 211,106 214,987

403,459 208,805 109,337 102,980 49,674 295,415 210,707 235,875

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

9.3 11.5 6.0 10.3 10.2 6.2 7.2 8.2

43.5 53.6 33.0 45.9 57.6 15.0 46.4 43.8

47.2 34.9 60.9 43.9 32.2 78.7 46.4 48.0

909,345 600,736 176,226 221,097 149,932 345,255 423,490 495,389

735,384 546,808 144,358 195,385 133,061 267,137 371,076 400,657

428,652 336,996 88,843 111,096 73,954 158,278 232,636 239,744

151,796 34,217 24,335 17,303 12,895 63,865 40,125 77,446

2,447 11,695 2,539 8,195 1,625 5,306 11,026 15,379

14.2 17.8 7.9 16.8 11.9 10.3 9.4 15.5

6,407 6,654 6,569 6,192 5,627 7,019 5,849 6,360

1,208 1,256 1,132 1,221 1,174 1,079 1,079 1,188

Atlanta City .................................................. Bibb County ................................................. Chatham County.......................................... Cherokee County......................................... Clayton County ............................................ Cobb County................................................ Columbia County ......................................... Coweta County ............................................ DeKalb County ............................................ Dougherty.................................................... Douglas County ........................................... Fayette County............................................. Forsyth County ............................................ Fulton County .............................................. Gwinnett County .......................................... Hall County .................................................. Henry County .............................................. Houston County........................................... Muscogee County........................................ Paulding County .......................................... Richmond County ........................................

GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA GA

720,923 212,160 278,114 262,855 410,649 937,155 152,745 153,075 900,104 147,522 166,487 175,098 211,507 773,098 1,139,910 176,189 244,440 192,928 281,451 150,894 298,921

69,171 23,403 24,713 8,883 33,123 41,996 7,067 8,988 54,728 19,073 8,842 5,236 5,116 30,813 42,487 11,024 8,073 15,217 26,635 5,817 33,589

183,906 98,522 131,536 118,255 210,951 386,171 91,349 75,080 374,012 75,306 80,491 80,811 81,411 220,270 525,230 92,765 123,853 112,266 156,882 88,693 157,480

467,846 90,235 121,865 135,717 166,575 508,988 54,329 69,007 471,364 53,143 77,154 89,051 124,980 522,015 572,193 72,400 112,514 65,445 97,934 56,384 107,852

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

9.6 11.0 8.9 3.4 8.1 4.5 4.6 5.9 6.1 12.9 5.3 3.0 2.4 4.0 3.7 6.3 3.3 7.9 9.5 3.9 11.2

25.5 46.4 47.3 45.0 51.4 41.2 59.8 49.0 41.6 51.0 48.3 46.2 38.5 28.5 46.1 52.7 50.7 58.2 55.7 58.8 52.7

64.9 42.5 43.8 51.6 40.6 54.3 35.6 45.1 52.4 36.0 46.3 50.9 59.1 67.5 50.2 41.1 46.0 33.9 34.8 37.4 36.1

780,889 228,937 284,875 251,858 417,809 861,712 152,805 152,062 945,988 149,167 151,782 189,002 199,266 757,825 1,131,938 179,232 246,993 199,177 267,335 142,610 293,258

628,312 180,961 261,792 205,470 354,665 755,814 127,070 129,092 830,326 133,785 133,782 152,156 151,731 613,723 924,738 152,702 182,240 169,531 250,357 121,076 258,462

353,961 108,565 169,547 133,809 226,749 519,300 85,369 84,147 524,012 79,347 84,431 101,238 97,967 399,423 601,668 100,474 122,556 113,537 157,752 82,034 158,892

152,490 44,767 13,838 38,073 62,014 89,061 22,866 19,183 110,684 14,126 14,295 28,519 35,092 129,159 173,376 21,163 52,002 24,467 14,099 17,014 24,908

0 3,165 7,593 6,508 0 11,909 2,724 2,459 4,978 238 3,670 5,883 12,185 14,088 12,214 3,945 10,454 4,369 1,126 3,008 9,710

32.3 24.3 21.1 7.1 17.0 7.8 6.9 10.2 15.6 28.5 12.1 4.0 5.5 7.7 8.4 12.1 7.5 13.0 22.4 7.8 24.6

11,435 7,256 7,576 7,226 7,151 7,529 6,541 7,020 8,476 8,056 7,120 7,331 7,435 8,599 7,545 7,027 6,571 7,469 7,599 6,279 7,450

1,837 1,448 1,502 1,182 1,341 1,352 1,125 1,267 1,599 1,439 1,123 789 1,163 1,516 1,272 1,320 1,002 1,399 1,433 1,075 1,523

Hawaii Dept. of Education ...........................

HI

2,078,877

170,377

1,873,318

35,182

100.0

8.2

90.1

1.7

1,602,392

1,489,091

888,473

63,049

0

12.8

8,100

1,596

Boise City Independent ............................... Meridian Junction ........................................

ID ID

207,976 157,248

13,147 7,497

84,798 96,770

110,031 52,981

100.0 100.0

6.3 4.8

40.8 61.5

52.9 33.7

197,441 175,991

192,113 132,278

118,900 81,704

1,008 37,674

2,448 6,001

10.3 5.2

7,314 5,066

1,084 633

City of Chicago ............................................ Community Unit 300 .................................... Indian Prairie ............................................... Naperville .................................................... Peoria .......................................................... Plainfield ...................................................... Rockford ...................................................... School District 46......................................... Springfield.................................................... Valley View................................................... Waukegan....................................................

IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL

3,837,867 158,999 239,107 177,014 145,815 137,899 252,213 340,345 139,510 131,744 116,552

602,702 7,682 5,061 5,134 22,203 2,775 33,896 18,410 19,337 5,640 12,109

1,584,129 55,752 65,601 30,587 65,525 51,418 95,316 123,840 44,108 38,205 59,896

1,651,036 95,565 168,445 141,293 58,087 83,706 123,001 198,095 76,065 87,899 44,547

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

15.7 4.8 2.1 2.9 15.2 2.0 13.4 5.4 13.9 4.3 10.4

41.3 35.1 27.4 17.3 44.9 37.3 37.8 36.4 31.6 29.0 51.4

43.0 60.1 70.4 79.8 39.8 60.7 48.8 58.2 54.5 66.7 38.2

4,159,228 186,952 250,485 172,985 148,994 148,070 264,250 433,179 134,392 158,658 120,550

3,474,207 132,556 192,140 163,131 141,675 110,222 244,079 330,506 117,417 107,780 116,241

2,152,692 81,593 130,019 103,385 83,030 72,009 147,170 203,835 66,181 67,254 66,100

487,458 46,890 44,155 6,510 1,826 22,830 5,377 89,111 1,579 48,079 743

145,722 6,266 13,879 0 592 12,868 10,716 11,454 4,790 2,375 3,215

27.8 6.2 2.5 3.2 25.8 1.3 19.4 7.1 18.9 6.0 16.5

7,967 7,348 7,449 8,577 9,003 6,569 8,606 8,441 7,659 7,246 7,274

1,914 1,272 844 826 1,723 — 1,474 1,347 1,613 1,149 1,563

See notes at end of table.

152 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

State

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

IN IN IN IN IN IN IN

207,059 272,896 184,757 415,778 146,222 226,150 116,472

20,652 23,143 24,870 54,537 6,131 20,754 8,305

101,910 138,953 135,361 261,951 73,878 111,103 75,110

84,497 110,800 24,526 99,290 66,213 94,293 33,057

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

10.0 8.5 13.5 13.1 4.2 9.2 7.1

49.2 50.9 73.3 63.0 50.5 49.1 64.5

40.8 40.6 13.3 23.9 45.3 41.7 28.4

214,361 305,525 197,769 465,628 163,100 254,930 131,754

187,835 278,790 183,317 391,169 139,862 202,103 114,316

116,088 170,073 97,270 211,975 92,625 127,897 71,841

21,729 17,524 11,110 33,844 9,050 40,485 9,791

2,429 403 368 2,685 1,229 428 372

12.3 13.2 28.6 25.9 6.4 16.2 14.8

8,229 8,681 9,631 9,604 8,677 9,330 6,956

1,488 1,477 1,777 1,740 1,150 1,556 1,425

Cedar Rapids............................................... Davenport .................................................... Des Moines Independent.............................

IA IA IA

160,899 153,806 326,973

7,577 11,326 26,899

73,497 71,335 152,873

79,825 71,145 147,201

100.0 100.0 100.0

4.7 7.4 8.2

45.7 46.4 46.8

49.6 46.3 45.0

174,944 160,433 337,023

131,140 122,071 266,113

83,167 81,691 169,066

28,391 26,474 47,608

3,002 1,870 130

7.7 13.3 13.4

7,482 7,379 8,434

1,300 1,576 1,402

Blue Valley ................................................... Kansas City ................................................. Olathe .......................................................... Shawnee Mission......................................... Wichita.........................................................

KS KS KS KS KS

189,392 194,646 192,183 234,680 418,629

3,042 22,390 7,746 9,919 49,101

70,382 114,463 91,689 98,090 244,514

115,968 57,793 92,748 126,671 125,014

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1.6 11.5 4.0 4.2 11.7

37.2 58.8 47.7 41.8 58.4

61.2 29.7 48.3 54.0 29.9

158,275 174,881 177,911 227,963 392,510

134,879 162,872 151,839 207,023 363,462

80,075 93,335 95,762 134,646 203,947

8,970 6,699 12,901 14,395 17,104

13,871 5,296 11,231 6,540 10,950

1.9 21.9 4.3 3.8 16.0

7,236 7,827 6,848 6,941 7,431

— 1,868 947 813 1,663

Boone County.............................................. Fayette County............................................. Jefferson County..........................................

KY KY KY

100,543 272,730 773,945

5,100 18,352 45,700

45,154 108,186 349,114

50,289 146,192 379,131

100.0 100.0 100.0

5.1 6.7 5.9

44.9 39.7 45.1

50.0 53.6 49.0

92,695 262,469 770,624

85,277 248,803 732,984

53,159 150,997 403,467

1,737 4,667 17,656

5,241 6,686 17,279

6.9 14.6 15.4

5,821 7,255 7,663

1,039 1,170 1,386

Ascension Parish School Board .................. Bossier Parish SB........................................ Caddo Parish SB ......................................... Calcasieu Parish SB .................................... East Baton Rouge Parish SB....................... Jefferson Parish SB ..................................... Lafayette Parish SB ..................................... Livingston Parish SB.................................... Orleans Parish SB ....................................... Ouachita Parish SB ..................................... Rapides Parish SB....................................... Saint Landry Parish SB ............................... Saint Tammany Parish SB ........................... Tangipahoa Parish SB ................................. Terrebonne Parish SB..................................

LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA

113,758 127,943 345,906 234,189 432,445 392,032 212,881 125,692 529,221 138,378 169,213 111,312 278,177 121,606 133,681

11,534 12,235 41,741 25,129 55,303 55,362 26,668 9,752 94,142 13,328 24,416 16,766 22,994 18,212 17,773

47,043 65,941 173,038 100,453 152,200 147,178 84,269 85,433 239,011 74,736 88,248 64,692 140,792 71,624 71,512

55,181 49,767 131,127 108,607 224,942 189,492 101,944 30,507 196,068 50,314 56,549 29,854 114,391 31,770 44,396

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

10.1 9.6 12.1 10.7 12.8 14.1 12.5 7.8 17.8 9.6 14.4 15.1 8.3 15.0 13.3

41.4 51.5 50.0 42.9 35.2 37.5 39.6 68.0 45.2 54.0 52.2 58.1 50.6 58.9 53.5

48.5 38.9 37.9 46.4 52.0 48.3 47.9 24.3 37.0 36.4 33.4 26.8 41.1 26.1 33.2

122,858 119,236 350,929 266,191 435,435 374,651 211,661 125,606 507,741 155,452 176,196 108,695 285,712 121,486 131,565

106,608 115,535 323,931 206,472 400,237 342,248 195,735 114,706 460,824 122,248 159,842 101,266 246,959 105,548 126,726

67,892 68,272 198,522 122,865 221,333 212,644 128,825 73,418 285,095 76,311 93,266 63,328 157,177 67,911 79,406

13,317 1,891 23,012 48,739 33,659 14,039 8,863 9,174 27,725 26,675 11,789 5,800 29,575 13,053 4,060

2,487 909 2,749 10,388 62 13,129 5,458 1,437 18,442 6,066 3,948 1,071 7,580 2,492 259

12.9 16.9 26.5 19.7 21.5 21.4 19.0 15.2 35.1 17.6 25.5 29.9 12.6 28.7 21.1

6,892 6,183 7,270 6,471 7,633 6,645 6,623 5,641 6,560 6,871 6,989 6,605 7,246 5,888 6,551

1,307 1,254 1,379 1,253 1,266 1,276 1,256 1,084 1,415 1,252 1,283 1,351 1,239 1,225 1,336

Anne Arundel County .................................. Baltimore City .............................................. Baltimore County ......................................... Calvert County............................................. Carroll County.............................................. Cecil County ................................................ Charles County............................................ Frederick County ......................................... Harford County ............................................

MD MD MD MD MD MD MD MD MD

687,725 1,004,690 1,052,878 187,886 248,681 145,458 209,281 361,597 351,207

36,209 143,103 61,499 7,545 11,944 9,015 12,253 14,906 18,815

224,941 611,834 367,330 75,927 101,906 66,534 89,792 134,584 148,226

426,575 249,753 624,049 104,414 134,831 69,909 107,236 212,107 184,166

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

5.3 14.2 5.8 4.0 4.8 6.2 5.9 4.1 5.4

32.7 60.9 34.9 40.4 41.0 45.7 42.9 37.2 42.2

62.0 24.9 59.3 55.6 54.2 48.1 51.2 58.7 52.4

698,052 1,068,765 995,420 185,125 243,039 141,536 229,937 356,240 348,224

625,259 927,513 946,940 139,138 220,872 127,671 197,231 306,323 307,551

384,820 580,863 566,576 87,094 132,642 78,091 114,828 187,181 190,852

48,353 87,614 13,029 41,424 13,322 9,077 26,162 40,902 32,496

7,506 1,097 5,516 451 2,776 1,902 1,382 4,861 2,178

5.9 24.6 7.9 5.4 4.0 9.1 6.9 4.5 6.0

8,361 9,639 8,744 8,112 7,769 7,879 7,955 7,944 7,641

1,717 1,995 1,739 1,339 1,015 1,320 1,342 1,003 1,273

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 153 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Evansville-Vanderburgh SC ......................... Fort Wayne Community ............................... Gary Community SC.................................... Indianapolis ................................................. M.S.D. Lawrence Township.......................... South Bend Community SC......................... Vigo County SC ...........................................

Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

State

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

Howard County ............................................ Montgomery County .................................... Prince George's County .............................. Saint Mary's County .................................... Washington County .....................................

MD MD MD MD MD

516,846 1,717,136 1,267,462 150,449 167,613

14,447 68,686 87,537 12,040 12,390

151,660 340,416 594,300 65,081 75,089

350,739 1,308,034 585,625 73,328 80,134

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2.8 4.0 6.9 8.0 7.4

29.3 19.8 46.9 43.3 44.8

67.9 76.2 46.2 48.7 47.8

525,191 1,675,750 1,306,629 150,724 174,426

444,582 1,470,387 1,167,579 128,279 160,489

282,309 942,679 674,892 74,698 99,909

59,557 139,546 76,883 18,879 7,995

9,336 30,542 13,227 1,764 1,712

3.7 6.3 9.6 8.6 11.1

9,420 10,580 8,621 7,963 7,984

1,027 1,692 1,731 1,323 1,282

Boston ......................................................... Brockton....................................................... Lowell........................................................... Springfield.................................................... Worcester ....................................................

MA MA MA MA MA

1,016,975 197,028 203,104 378,263 322,726

97,365 17,650 19,244 45,035 34,964

328,667 137,895 146,616 262,250 204,492

590,943 41,483 37,244 70,978 83,270

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

9.6 9.0 9.5 11.9 10.8

32.3 70.0 72.2 69.3 63.4

58.1 21.1 18.3 18.8 25.8

1,000,697 194,120 190,965 348,404 311,086

898,769 187,029 176,589 319,512 292,677

536,070 115,214 116,100 205,580 202,450

75,791 1,834 2,225 5,350 1,173

17,770 2,569 7,743 13,294 9,521

26.2 18.2 21.8 29.8 21.7

14,602 11,212 11,413 12,014 11,397

2,146 2,138 2,221 2,062 2,241

Ann Arbor .................................................... Dearborn City .............................................. Detroit City................................................... Flint City....................................................... Grand Rapids City ....................................... Lansing ........................................................ Livonia ......................................................... Plymouth-Canton Community Schools........ Utica Community ......................................... Walled Lake Consolidated ........................... Warren Consolidated ...................................

MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI

199,015 200,282 1,659,070 235,359 260,870 191,809 188,875 152,214 251,760 165,456 170,460

5,470 8,818 236,429 36,614 24,611 27,110 13,807 1,535 6,007 1,810 4,258

91,131 108,017 1,176,357 157,778 167,384 123,028 116,542 99,346 176,678 97,800 95,324

102,414 83,447 246,284 40,967 68,875 41,671 58,526 51,333 69,075 65,846 70,878

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2.7 4.4 14.3 15.6 9.4 14.1 7.3 1.0 2.4 1.1 2.5

45.8 53.9 70.9 67.0 64.2 64.1 61.7 65.3 70.2 59.1 55.9

51.5 41.7 14.8 17.4 26.4 21.7 31.0 33.7 27.4 39.8 41.6

179,090 224,020 2,005,909 234,370 273,462 193,190 190,319 151,831 272,745 171,730 173,601

163,233 171,199 1,574,566 203,164 245,922 183,730 169,557 125,964 224,167 137,579 144,337

95,095 100,551 884,202 111,967 138,960 101,947 95,700 74,400 137,338 77,944 80,556

7,796 42,397 363,583 7,361 20,563 6,595 12,127 14,328 33,643 19,660 21,043

6,815 7,258 54,200 247 708 764 3,517 7,235 6,648 11,045 5,978

7.1 21.5 31.0 33.9 19.5 21.4 2.9 2.6 4.8 4.0 7.7

9,731 9,521 9,063 9,475 10,501 10,430 9,204 7,248 7,683 9,196 9,369

1,378 1,548 2,087 1,922 1,726 1,907 909 931 809 996 1,216

Anoka-Hennepin.......................................... Minneapolis ................................................. Osseo .......................................................... Rochester .................................................... Rosemount-Apple Valley-Eagan.................. St. Paul ........................................................ South Washington County ...........................

MN MN MN MN MN MN MN

363,480 639,821 226,848 156,799 261,568 531,890 149,009

14,469 57,443 7,815 6,683 6,477 50,660 3,905

284,471 465,533 161,088 114,111 191,721 413,057 103,332

64,540 116,845 57,945 36,005 63,370 68,173 41,772

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

4.0 9.0 3.4 4.3 2.5 9.5 2.6

78.3 72.8 71.0 72.8 73.3 77.7 69.3

17.8 18.3 25.5 23.0 24.2 12.8 28.0

369,970 646,658 253,461 160,477 244,697 535,743 173,147

296,273 520,409 164,161 123,251 207,124 444,149 114,007

195,067 343,019 110,136 79,693 144,192 294,915 76,577

41,156 61,944 55,630 24,405 21,769 39,502 36,953

9,877 27,027 14,373 5,017 5,808 13,430 9,784

4.3 22.4 3.5 6.8 3.1 19.1 2.2

7,159 11,304 7,522 7,515 7,271 10,112 7,403

840 1,578 991 1,170 756 1,656 890

Desoto County............................................. Jackson........................................................ Rankin County .............................................

MS MS MS

116,406 213,108 100,686

6,899 30,898 7,645

70,105 94,882 50,513

39,402 87,328 42,528

100.0 100.0 100.0

5.9 14.5 7.6

60.2 44.5 50.2

33.8 41.0 42.2

120,303 220,620 100,824

98,410 192,522 82,945

60,543 108,428 50,446

19,725 24,254 11,235

2,168 3,217 6,176

10.5 31.9 11.3

4,444 6,106 5,342

844 1,149 930

Columbia ..................................................... Ft. Zumwalt R-II ........................................... Francis Howell R-III...................................... Hazelwood................................................... Kansas City ................................................. Lee's Summit R-VII...................................... North Kansas City ....................................... Parkway C-2 ................................................ Rockwood R-VI............................................ St. Louis City ............................................... Springfield R-XII ..........................................

MO MO MO MO MO MO MO MO MO MO MO

143,221 125,078 151,726 158,493 382,685 131,428 146,043 183,633 192,499 484,507 170,095

9,117 4,144 4,556 3,935 44,302 2,883 6,365 4,260 3,500 65,361 13,088

64,117 53,377 66,435 62,679 177,798 54,674 48,008 40,195 46,860 237,450 64,720

69,987 67,557 80,735 91,879 160,585 73,871 91,670 139,178 142,139 181,696 92,287

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

6.4 3.3 3.0 2.5 11.6 2.2 4.4 2.3 1.8 13.5 7.7

44.8 42.7 43.8 39.5 46.5 41.6 32.9 21.9 24.3 49.0 38.0

48.9 54.0 53.2 58.0 42.0 56.2 62.8 75.8 73.8 37.5 54.3

147,174 129,432 157,269 150,905 378,617 137,987 161,084 190,387 187,841 554,826 171,891

123,497 110,615 130,377 135,803 353,734 109,063 121,804 160,192 152,537 462,519 151,731

76,694 66,348 88,039 81,270 192,073 69,523 78,603 92,137 87,851 240,868 92,958

11,174 10,447 12,299 10,722 16,792 18,541 27,815 22,208 22,932 62,835 12,271

6,257 6,495 8,500 2,251 0 6,942 6,363 3,420 5,549 8,934 5,406

11.6 3.5 3.0 7.1 27.8 4.2 7.2 2.9 2.5 29.4 16.7

7,410 6,168 6,777 6,886 9,183 7,209 7,042 7,870 6,836 10,170 6,161

1,176 769 760 1,215 1,369 681 1,008 799 864 1,611 1,223

See notes at end of table.

154 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

State

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

NE NE NE

278,638 159,933 405,462

22,521 5,637 49,185

81,093 55,489 145,393

175,024 98,807 210,884

100.0 100.0 100.0

8.1 3.5 12.1

29.1 34.7 35.9

62.8 61.8 52.0

286,225 153,303 427,678

239,801 133,095 330,513

158,113 85,149 195,061

41,118 10,569 84,960

5,277 8,562 9,768

10.0 2.9 15.2

7,525 6,834 7,187

1,343 1,354 1,670

Clark County................................................ Washoe County ...........................................

NV NV

1,893,171 429,620

122,989 31,454

1,101,416 256,642

668,766 141,524

100.0 100.0

6.5 7.3

58.2 59.7

35.3 32.9

2,107,939 450,152

1,481,522 369,524

919,269 239,933

479,245 61,398

140,225 16,408

13.3 10.0

5,774 6,120

1,244 1,189

Manchester..................................................

NH

138,459

13,345

73,707

51,407

100.0

9.6

53.2

37.1

129,188

122,565

85,579

1,981

3,265

10.4

6,973

2,327

Camden City................................................ Elizabeth City............................................... Jersey City................................................... Newark City ................................................. Paterson City ............................................... Tom's River Regional ...................................

NJ NJ NJ NJ NJ NJ

287,315 318,801 555,817 930,827 413,778 198,662

28,822 21,980 37,631 65,928 34,243 6,599

245,945 226,631 438,720 758,974 336,894 89,586

12,548 70,190 79,466 105,925 42,641 102,477

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

10.0 6.9 6.8 7.1 8.3 3.3

85.6 71.1 78.9 81.5 81.4 45.1

4.4 22.0 14.3 11.4 10.3 51.6

275,584 298,866 576,447 923,035 426,736 190,542

261,100 281,873 496,642 785,037 391,995 173,713

151,791 154,081 297,931 438,976 223,610 105,236

5,211 6,994 56,934 109,891 8,672 12,532

475 466 6,724 1,005 1,632 1,958

37.2 22.5 25.5 29.1 26.2 7.8

15,122 13,407 15,888 18,517 14,966 9,491

2,592 1,734 1,946 2,305 1,795 1,394

Albuquerque ................................................ Las Cruces ..................................................

NM NM

638,542 170,112

58,432 18,231

484,466 131,144

95,644 20,737

100.0 100.0

9.2 10.7

75.9 77.1

15.0 12.2

652,752 169,668

565,240 148,093

333,055 85,565

77,257 16,896

5,214 2,869

16.2 26.1

6,414 6,495

1,469 1,320

Brentwood Unified ....................................... Buffalo City .................................................. New York City .............................................. Rochester City ............................................. Sachem CSD............................................... Syracuse City .............................................. Yonkers City .................................................

NY 221,109 NY 579,289 NY 13,140,359 NY 556,328 NY 216,166 NY 283,592 NY 397,358

13,541 80,521 1,437,401 61,818 4,580 35,657 33,906

136,768 397,198 6,111,619 374,043 105,914 191,547 253,181

70,800 101,570 5,591,339 120,467 105,672 56,388 110,271

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

6.1 13.9 10.9 11.1 2.1 12.6 8.5

61.9 68.6 46.5 67.2 49.0 67.5 63.7

32.0 229,243 202,089 135,345 17.5 612,604 559,916 382,336 42.6 15,233,917 13,261,791 10,072,803 21.7 509,093 453,247 284,397 48.9 279,251 203,466 142,257 19.9 289,811 266,045 179,293 27.8 394,152 372,392 246,643

23,057 37,585 1,392,882 18,900 69,141 11,377 8,935

2,558 8,423 279,123 6,042 4,723 5,671 6,451

13.4 32.4 28.8 33.8 4.3 29.5 20.9

12,427 12,879 12,309 12,711 13,289 11,848 14,107

1,977 2,115 2,170 2,053 1,441 2,070 1,996

Alamance-Burlington ................................... Buncombe County ....................................... Cabarrus County ......................................... Catawba County Schools ............................ Charlotte-Mecklenburg ................................ Cumberland County..................................... Davidson County ......................................... Durham........................................................ Forsyth County ............................................ Gaston County............................................. Guilford County............................................ Harnett County ............................................ Iredell-Statesville ......................................... Johnston County.......................................... Nash-Rocky Mount ...................................... New Hanover County................................... Onslow County ............................................ Pitt County ................................................... Randolph County......................................... Robeson County.......................................... Rowan-Salisbury..........................................

NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC

12,454 13,191 9,110 6,788 66,067 42,558 7,080 20,041 30,294 19,803 41,289 9,915 7,818 12,064 14,151 13,398 14,480 14,837 7,902 24,673 13,188

89,954 108,966 83,711 71,153 578,628 219,680 82,209 134,429 199,998 130,449 279,031 76,633 77,841 103,450 84,820 96,502 87,873 92,065 74,851 109,976 89,201

37,168 74,814 64,912 47,847 394,272 88,946 30,843 109,673 118,956 47,151 161,747 40,089 33,576 55,902 26,563 97,497 33,844 39,236 30,440 22,135 31,181

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

8.9 6.7 5.8 5.4 6.4 12.1 5.9 7.6 8.7 10.0 8.6 7.8 6.6 7.0 11.3 6.5 10.6 10.2 7.0 15.7 9.9

64.4 55.3 53.1 56.6 55.7 62.6 68.4 50.9 57.3 66.1 57.9 60.5 65.3 60.4 67.6 46.5 64.5 63.0 66.1 70.1 66.8

26.6 38.0 41.2 38.0 37.9 25.3 25.7 41.5 34.1 23.9 33.6 31.7 28.2 32.6 21.2 47.0 24.8 26.8 26.9 14.1 23.3

2,511 15,787 14,152 3,933 157,345 17,614 10,874 12,462 20,303 5,020 67,822 20,513 4,902 56,731 6,504 11,006 7,061 2,957 3,563 8,663 1,963

2,899 4,749 8,127 4,202 49,873 5,314 1,136 9,515 10,942 4,170 6,698 3,854 4,210 10,601 551 10,022 1,965 3,722 5,066 85 1,965

12.8 13.4 8.9 10.1 12.3 18.4 8.1 15.7 14.3 15.9 14.9 18.5 11.7 14.5 19.8 14.9 19.8 20.7 11.8 30.4 13.9

5,960 6,541 6,048 5,879 7,188 6,301 5,573 7,599 6,915 5,977 6,943 5,854 5,849 6,309 6,515 7,197 5,990 6,637 5,518 6,288 6,180

1,073 1,052 920 924 1,231 1,202 956 1,202 1,237 1,131 1,160 1,126 938 1,086 1,237 1,241 1,293 1,203 981 1,242 1,179

See notes at end of table.

139,576 196,971 157,733 125,788 1,038,967 351,184 120,132 264,143 349,248 197,403 482,067 126,637 119,235 171,416 125,534 207,397 136,197 146,138 113,193 156,784 133,570

134,365 181,944 151,053 105,839 996,960 353,354 119,581 260,179 354,886 196,167 530,881 122,369 119,152 215,836 127,448 178,877 138,490 146,620 108,811 161,201 132,740

128,722 161,341 126,630 97,704 788,982 328,234 107,460 234,011 323,641 186,815 456,003 97,908 108,584 148,307 120,286 157,328 129,267 138,916 100,115 152,101 128,812

81,939 104,044 79,828 65,766 487,449 205,277 69,626 142,400 214,384 122,849 283,281 65,865 67,798 97,109 77,812 93,779 81,286 91,726 64,768 97,018 83,611

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 155 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Lincoln ......................................................... Millard .......................................................... Omaha.........................................................

Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

State

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

Union County............................................... Wake County ............................................... Wayne County .............................................

NC NC NC

163,334 851,758 123,437

10,711 44,803 14,073

104,749 443,589 84,710

47,874 363,366 24,654

100.0 100.0 100.0

6.6 5.3 11.4

64.1 52.1 68.6

29.3 42.7 20.0

181,692 932,666 125,103

151,379 701,828 119,768

98,709 434,889 79,609

21,940 176,360 4,711

8,164 47,719 624

9.8 8.4 18.6

5,905 6,695 6,253

1,019 1,164 1,256

Akron City .................................................... Cincinnati City.............................................. Cleveland Municipal..................................... Columbus City ............................................. Dayton City .................................................. Lakota Local SD .......................................... South-Western City ..................................... Toledo City ...................................................

OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH

311,496 483,528 784,024 674,296 261,589 133,366 183,715 384,960

29,566 49,675 139,462 60,154 29,302 2,084 11,679 37,361

166,199 157,823 380,834 266,032 135,388 51,087 81,788 218,712

115,731 276,030 263,728 348,110 96,899 80,195 90,248 128,887

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

9.5 10.3 17.8 8.9 11.2 1.6 6.4 9.7

53.4 32.6 48.6 39.5 51.8 38.3 44.5 56.8

37.2 57.1 33.6 51.6 37.0 60.1 49.1 33.5

295,710 508,516 808,400 692,467 222,223 147,978 201,300 387,274

280,483 439,952 730,424 653,783 207,850 112,836 165,442 363,013

169,999 275,218 414,074 351,170 101,308 64,892 91,748 212,291

9,509 34,157 43,229 18,661 8,290 28,570 22,999 12,253

0 11,428 10,637 3,697 0 5,872 8,856 888

20.6 22.4 29.2 24.2 25.1 3.6 10.5 21.5

9,498 10,300 10,199 10,188 10,491 7,122 7,883 10,156

1,749 2,062 2,037 1,781 1,801 921 1,295 1,923

Edmond ....................................................... Lawton ......................................................... Moore .......................................................... Oklahoma City ............................................. Putnam City ................................................. Tulsa ............................................................

OK OK OK OK OK OK

109,219 106,303 103,199 284,937 114,409 311,873

5,213 18,975 7,315 48,260 8,381 41,735

43,876 64,245 60,069 138,639 55,039 132,596

60,130 23,083 35,815 98,038 50,989 137,542

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

4.8 17.8 7.1 16.9 7.3 13.4

40.2 60.4 58.2 48.7 48.1 42.5

55.1 21.7 34.7 34.4 44.6 44.1

106,608 102,199 107,816 279,700 112,092 290,073

100,765 96,681 96,717 267,106 106,331 263,746

53,829 53,712 58,588 144,529 61,159 137,218

1,715 4,601 9,875 5,475 4,376 19,081

3,866 0 1,207 5,493 1,182 6,535

5.5 18.9 8.5 29.8 13.4 24.3

5,638 5,692 5,240 6,538 5,493 6,129

1,074 1,358 1,049 1,314 1,003 1,285

Beaverton .................................................... Eugene ........................................................ Hillsboro....................................................... North Clackamas ......................................... Portland ....................................................... Salem/Keizer ...............................................

OR OR OR OR OR OR

240,226 153,102 139,373 118,798 480,659 288,265

11,945 14,446 8,049 6,019 47,612 20,038

113,733 63,041 63,609 64,100 187,554 174,544

114,548 75,615 67,715 48,679 245,493 93,683

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

5.0 9.4 5.8 5.1 9.9 7.0

47.3 41.2 45.6 54.0 39.0 60.5

47.7 49.4 48.6 41.0 51.1 32.5

280,771 149,524 165,576 114,195 448,060 293,802

220,132 138,652 123,823 99,610 417,165 255,823

132,431 81,929 72,936 55,823 252,622 163,997

45,645 5,635 33,333 5,628 20,587 21,533

14,366 3,803 8,239 6,490 8,982 15,585

8.3 11.5 8.9 9.6 14.4 15.6

6,233 7,401 6,569 6,314 8,076 6,889

1,399 1,388 1,330 1,339 1,768 1,820

Allentown City.............................................. Central Bucks .............................................. Philadelphia City.......................................... Pittsburgh..................................................... Reading .......................................................

PA PA PA PA PA

130,930 175,364 2,005,429 524,778 123,364

9,842 2,523 283,834 57,638 17,263

52,352 29,209 1,020,091 188,676 68,662

68,736 143,632 701,504 278,464 37,439

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

7.5 1.4 14.2 11.0 14.0

40.0 16.7 50.9 36.0 55.7

52.5 81.9 35.0 53.1 30.3

131,219 214,180 2,039,389 547,636 122,129

115,859 149,843 1,455,601 383,149 107,079

78,066 96,421 834,962 212,382 69,493

3,364 47,028 67,160 78,612 2,141

1,125 9,378 72,219 16,564 6,625

25.3 3.1 27.2 22.0 32.1

6,941 8,078 7,554 10,902 6,639

1,557 1,001 1,912 1,966 1,516

Providence...................................................

RI

326,928

32,668

199,593

94,667

100.0

10.0

61.1

29.0

303,740

291,104

166,509

1,438

6,608

36.3

10,555

1,890

Aiken County ............................................... Beaufort County........................................... Berkeley County .......................................... Charleston County....................................... Dorchester County....................................... Greenville County ........................................ Horry County ............................................... Lexington County #01.................................. Lexington County #05.................................. Pickens County............................................ Richland #01................................................ Richland #02................................................ York County #03 ..........................................

SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC SC

180,351 170,139 208,453 373,068 119,349 485,956 251,125 147,521 139,931 116,760 277,123 165,484 133,448

17,416 13,187 24,648 38,899 7,618 34,973 19,889 6,221 5,849 9,335 26,148 8,059 8,933

102,635 42,674 110,045 145,332 70,098 225,076 91,624 76,087 67,764 64,653 112,658 72,012 68,120

60,300 114,278 73,760 188,837 41,633 225,907 139,612 65,213 66,318 42,772 138,317 85,413 56,395

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

9.7 7.8 11.8 10.4 6.4 7.2 7.9 4.2 4.2 8.0 9.4 4.9 6.7

56.9 25.1 52.8 39.0 58.7 46.3 36.5 51.6 48.4 55.4 40.7 43.5 51.0

33.4 67.2 35.4 50.6 34.9 46.5 55.6 44.2 47.4 36.6 49.9 51.6 42.3

181,280 206,343 256,412 470,081 118,908 554,595 302,224 144,028 133,661 111,576 285,924 187,306 134,572

159,270 143,471 184,998 324,955 108,095 403,589 217,849 130,540 120,673 103,795 233,429 138,221 108,179

100,198 81,259 106,796 191,770 67,561 239,500 129,463 79,918 71,121 63,640 135,657 84,117 65,532

18,908 50,184 58,263 130,924 4,632 92,095 72,768 7,976 11,043 4,246 39,724 43,612 20,076

1,186 10,651 10,776 8,330 2,988 54,517 9,192 4,559 1,514 2,196 9,168 3,553 4,924

16.6 16.6 13.9 19.7 10.2 14.1 19.7 9.8 6.9 13.0 21.5 7.5 12.3

6,281 7,912 6,472 7,384 6,085 6,379 7,067 6,963 7,770 6,302 8,521 7,144 6,966

1,348 1,239 1,471 1,502 1,195 1,320 1,311 958 929 1,155 1,386 1,037 1,128

See notes at end of table.

156 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

State

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

SD

143,237

13,952

39,019

90,266

100.0

9.7

27.2

63.0

141,439

123,478

75,099

11,884

4,249

9.4

6,152

1,223

Hamilton County .......................................... Knox County ................................................ Memphis City............................................... Montgomery County .................................... Nashville-Davidson...................................... Rutherford County ....................................... Shelby County ............................................. Sumner County............................................ Williamson County.......................................

TN TN TN TN TN TN TN TN TN

284,995 353,030 865,001 135,132 524,769 154,165 283,109 137,415 144,365

32,059 22,172 109,676 12,744 43,910 8,495 13,808 10,054 5,404

88,676 117,796 314,156 70,948 159,159 75,109 121,586 71,180 56,367

164,260 213,062 441,169 51,440 321,700 70,561 147,715 56,181 82,594

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

11.2 6.3 12.7 9.4 8.4 5.5 4.9 7.3 3.7

31.1 33.4 36.3 52.5 30.3 48.7 42.9 51.8 39.0

57.6 60.4 51.0 38.1 61.3 45.8 52.2 40.9 57.2

291,034 366,514 944,116 147,490 633,049 190,700 301,137 137,656 178,532

279,952 328,352 826,842 127,063 517,400 148,806 267,692 133,745 143,044

180,949 209,520 503,041 76,761 324,965 104,157 182,964 88,671 91,954

3,878 27,629 106,679 16,543 91,077 29,417 19,492 1,380 26,207

4,675 8,754 1,692 3,603 20,016 9,182 10,718 1,581 8,473

15.6 13.9 23.2 13.6 16.8 7.9 4.6 10.1 3.1

6,901 6,148 7,005 5,170 7,614 5,301 5,891 5,740 6,816

1,448 1,215 1,414 1,106 1,428 923 737 1,043 851

Abilene ISD.................................................. Aldine ISD.................................................... Alief ISD....................................................... Amarillo ISD................................................. Arlington ISD ............................................... Austin ISD.................................................... Beaumont ISD ............................................. Birdville ISD ................................................. Brownsville ISD ........................................... Carrollton-Farmers Branch .......................... Clear Creek ISD .......................................... Conroe ISD.................................................. Corpus Christi ISD....................................... Cypress-Fairbanks ISD................................ Dallas ISD.................................................... Denton ISD .................................................. Ector County ISD......................................... Edinburg ISD ............................................... El Paso ISD ................................................. Fort Bend ISD.............................................. Fort Worth ISD............................................. Galena Park ISD.......................................... Garland ISD................................................. Goose Creek ISD ........................................ Grand Prairie ISD ........................................ Harlingen Consolidated ISD ........................ Houston ISD ................................................ Humble ISD ................................................. Hurst-Euless-Bedford ISD ........................... Irving ISD..................................................... Judson ISD .................................................. Katy ISD ...................................................... Keller ISD..................................................... Killeen ISD...................................................

TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX

132,261 448,966 344,133 211,216 458,183 824,586 155,951 164,514 366,471 271,007 229,162 287,041 296,334 548,169 1,359,491 136,477 178,318 203,620 479,632 435,536 653,873 159,950 370,969 158,474 163,208 130,409 1,709,699 190,561 155,485 229,551 136,255 314,611 145,982 263,579

19,072 47,220 23,937 22,897 28,849 61,882 21,475 8,942 55,444 9,897 8,507 15,758 37,117 18,017 165,779 11,103 20,366 29,190 67,200 18,914 72,571 13,939 21,419 13,106 11,339 16,331 205,044 7,821 7,996 18,231 9,193 9,727 2,855 58,413

67,742 242,134 179,944 98,993 119,379 94,879 32,983 57,802 260,244 22,511 41,227 88,724 143,913 194,690 266,060 27,718 85,205 124,343 260,900 182,506 288,011 85,909 177,035 22,169 91,559 76,104 367,529 69,428 21,798 71,244 67,200 104,341 42,115 151,933

45,447 159,612 140,252 89,326 309,955 667,825 101,493 97,770 50,783 238,599 179,428 182,559 115,304 335,462 927,652 97,656 72,747 50,087 151,532 234,116 293,291 60,102 172,515 123,199 60,310 37,974 1,137,126 113,312 125,691 140,076 59,862 200,543 101,012 53,233

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

14.4 10.5 7.0 10.8 6.3 7.5 13.8 5.4 15.1 3.7 3.7 5.5 12.5 3.3 12.2 8.1 11.4 14.3 14.0 4.3 11.1 8.7 5.8 8.3 6.9 12.5 12.0 4.1 5.1 7.9 6.7 3.1 2.0 22.2

51.2 53.9 52.3 46.9 26.1 11.5 21.1 35.1 71.0 8.3 18.0 30.9 48.6 35.5 19.6 20.3 47.8 61.1 54.4 41.9 44.0 53.7 47.7 14.0 56.1 58.4 21.5 36.4 14.0 31.0 49.3 33.2 28.8 57.6

34.4 35.6 40.8 42.3 67.6 81.0 65.1 59.4 13.9 88.0 78.3 63.6 38.9 61.2 68.2 71.6 40.8 24.6 31.6 53.8 44.9 37.6 46.5 77.7 37.0 29.1 66.5 59.5 80.8 61.0 43.9 63.7 69.2 20.2

127,093 466,900 347,759 201,278 436,271 789,031 152,112 154,309 361,877 263,697 241,257 298,402 291,647 589,952 1,349,301 148,784 181,709 247,071 498,283 445,612 703,811 184,630 367,923 160,968 172,629 128,742 1,815,578 189,247 148,256 300,430 155,706 443,424 193,782 291,047

121,887 405,629 294,206 192,867 378,713 595,865 141,488 144,606 333,229 177,739 196,370 248,972 270,439 483,882 1,214,487 110,585 163,236 176,224 454,818 386,657 570,301 139,936 311,246 136,231 145,701 112,922 1,534,657 162,058 131,726 204,818 114,330 265,493 112,427 236,057

79,074 251,739 191,643 121,621 244,091 347,469 86,003 93,603 200,429 105,925 125,758 148,558 165,138 319,149 760,360 67,920 99,301 106,359 279,126 244,719 333,386 82,022 196,266 79,837 91,453 70,208 907,062 100,410 80,488 134,439 71,763 170,677 70,059 143,709

3,538 47,786 37,789 3,881 27,548 19,524 5,144 4,738 19,380 13,847 27,054 25,426 9,666 61,460 73,986 27,673 14,340 61,113 29,153 33,448 102,580 32,454 36,919 15,415 15,667 8,800 192,503 17,747 4,204 79,601 33,280 151,230 62,450 44,078

282 12,056 12,479 2,674 27,925 24,754 3,148 4,681 5,322 15,945 16,846 23,235 5,604 42,139 36,643 9,607 2,223 7,821 11,102 24,097 20,314 9,827 15,754 7,651 9,367 4,607 56,991 7,862 12,228 14,534 7,309 25,577 18,578 8,327

21.7 22.4 19.6 21.8 12.9 17.8 24.2 7.6 42.2 9.3 4.2 10.9 25.2 6.1 27.6 12.7 23.7 40.3 35.3 6.4 23.6 18.8 9.8 18.2 16.9 29.8 25.9 5.3 8.0 14.3 11.3 4.0 3.2 17.0

6,979 7,326 6,588 6,595 6,115 7,580 6,864 6,484 7,515 6,957 6,151 6,549 6,872 6,799 7,435 7,300 6,138 7,312 7,198 6,500 7,034 6,992 5,763 7,234 6,751 6,845 7,236 6,227 6,680 6,637 6,486 6,660 5,591 7,552

1,256 1,369 1,334 1,326 1,291 1,285 1,321 989 1,323 914 743 1,114 1,335 1,103 1,404 1,072 1,275 1,224 1,347 1,256 1,421 1,248 1,020 1,253 1,143 1,195 1,571 1,002 988 1,018 1,031 769 741 1,305

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 157 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Sioux Falls ...................................................

Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

State

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

Klein ISD...................................................... La Joya ISD ................................................. Lamar Consolidated ISD ............................. Laredo ISD .................................................. Leander ISD ................................................ Lewisville ISD .............................................. Lubbock ISD ................................................ Mansfield ISD .............................................. McAllen ISD................................................. McKinney ISD.............................................. Mesquite ISD ............................................... Midland ISD ................................................. North East ISD ............................................ Northside ISD .............................................. Pasadena ISD.............................................. Pflugerville ISD............................................ Pharr-San Juan-Alamo ISD ......................... Plano ISD .................................................... Richardson ISD ........................................... Round Rock ISD.......................................... San Angelo ISD ........................................... San Antonio ISD .......................................... Socorro ISD ................................................. Spring Branch ISD....................................... Spring ISD ................................................... Tyler ISD ...................................................... United ISD ................................................... Waco ISD..................................................... Wichita Falls ISD ......................................... Ysleta ISD....................................................

TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX

259,859 161,436 132,232 198,755 140,231 352,277 225,304 150,225 180,764 133,413 253,829 149,626 438,835 549,010 330,929 120,037 213,378 557,312 342,725 299,409 106,853 517,535 227,002 288,431 197,369 124,327 227,063 124,484 110,516 348,062

11,089 23,584 11,994 32,019 4,270 10,416 28,992 5,372 24,474 5,269 14,608 18,217 26,679 40,883 26,171 4,791 31,622 14,418 15,589 11,904 11,497 81,270 21,085 26,207 10,692 16,676 24,483 17,360 14,160 49,392

113,014 114,842 51,285 135,160 23,733 52,988 95,088 63,252 92,912 23,163 137,415 54,967 111,997 217,131 179,673 32,047 147,811 43,980 33,013 31,969 58,997 286,443 154,740 48,923 83,145 34,146 130,578 66,527 44,863 230,039

135,756 23,010 68,953 31,576 112,228 288,873 101,224 81,601 63,378 104,981 101,806 76,442 300,159 290,996 125,085 83,199 33,945 498,914 294,123 255,536 36,359 149,822 51,177 213,301 103,532 73,505 72,002 40,597 51,493 68,631

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

4.3 14.6 9.1 16.1 3.0 3.0 12.9 3.6 13.5 3.9 5.8 12.2 6.1 7.4 7.9 4.0 14.8 2.6 4.5 4.0 10.8 15.7 9.3 9.1 5.4 13.4 10.8 13.9 12.8 14.2

43.5 71.1 38.8 68.0 16.9 15.0 42.2 42.1 51.4 17.4 54.1 36.7 25.5 39.5 54.3 26.7 69.3 7.9 9.6 10.7 55.2 55.3 68.2 17.0 42.1 27.5 57.5 53.4 40.6 66.1

52.2 14.3 52.1 15.9 80.0 82.0 44.9 54.3 35.1 78.7 40.1 51.1 68.4 53.0 37.8 69.3 15.9 89.5 85.8 85.3 34.0 28.9 22.5 74.0 52.5 59.1 31.7 32.6 46.6 19.7

264,877 177,104 128,226 236,397 187,475 409,441 222,070 224,334 172,534 155,904 265,337 143,961 461,313 659,712 364,303 138,925 220,384 634,667 390,381 295,376 102,344 560,016 244,056 320,387 253,863 121,988 220,883 125,101 109,112 345,273

221,751 141,817 120,581 168,711 110,493 291,585 206,049 117,296 167,219 102,738 212,693 138,292 382,681 472,541 278,637 99,482 185,752 361,023 234,053 230,020 94,580 450,111 189,023 247,831 169,813 114,795 199,583 106,166 103,607 315,823

135,301 84,574 72,980 106,680 65,014 186,106 129,329 75,149 98,746 63,078 130,683 85,736 241,792 283,474 172,504 61,091 112,077 232,969 143,236 137,876 59,960 263,464 113,252 151,846 108,284 72,737 120,070 61,342 64,877 196,113

31,354 27,987 935 58,700 63,152 87,358 7,350 92,657 821 38,178 35,609 1,902 50,825 150,304 67,161 26,137 26,623 114,012 92,289 42,142 5,644 70,752 40,223 54,374 65,609 3,961 10,199 12,045 4,002 21,511

10,781 5,815 5,643 7,369 12,603 26,267 3,707 14,022 2,193 14,508 15,994 2,607 25,650 30,957 15,043 12,709 6,062 38,156 12,396 21,222 1,557 29,318 13,027 15,999 16,619 1,662 10,401 3,774 1,319 3,486

5.5 50.9 14.3 45.2 4.8 4.6 22.6 5.8 27.2 8.6 9.6 18.2 10.3 12.6 16.8 4.3 40.4 4.1 11.7 4.8 21.7 34.8 25.5 17.3 8.4 21.4 29.4 33.2 18.1 31.7

6,272 6,963 7,067 6,949 6,571 6,762 6,991 6,121 7,153 6,724 6,287 6,656 6,951 6,808 6,215 6,267 7,368 7,073 6,677 6,745 6,190 7,880 6,284 7,512 6,661 6,715 6,496 6,737 6,908 6,756

1,015 1,338 1,414 1,406 637 694 1,361 966 1,269 1,172 976 1,281 1,109 1,303 1,312 691 1,222 766 1,008 647 1,305 1,454 1,197 1,296 1,045 1,390 1,210 1,326 1,285 1,282

Alpine........................................................... Davis............................................................ Granite......................................................... Jordan.......................................................... Nebo ............................................................ Salt Lake City............................................... Washington.................................................. Weber ..........................................................

UT UT UT UT UT UT UT UT

256,461 331,830 385,148 425,717 126,304 183,289 114,666 151,231

14,385 25,868 41,947 26,698 10,326 21,327 9,069 11,733

169,056 200,147 220,130 228,702 80,251 71,714 60,453 95,810

73,020 105,815 123,071 170,317 35,727 90,248 45,144 43,688

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

5.6 7.8 10.9 6.3 8.2 11.6 7.9 7.8

65.9 60.3 57.2 53.7 63.5 39.1 52.7 63.4

28.5 31.9 32.0 40.0 28.3 49.2 39.4 28.9

313,418 369,981 383,697 404,544 133,871 185,693 112,954 155,951

216,923 283,246 327,079 333,577 100,652 142,003 89,103 127,166

144,390 180,916 210,766 212,595 63,529 91,370 58,473 82,996

81,902 68,279 48,021 54,279 26,365 25,843 17,022 24,796

10,554 8,968 0 9,213 4,990 3,342 5,280 3,204

8.4 5.9 10.1 5.1 9.3 20.6 13.3 5.9

4,413 4,692 4,595 4,520 4,339 5,714 4,524 4,521

897 1,023 1,209 611 842 1,149 1,038 1,016

Arlington County .......................................... Chesapeake City ......................................... Chesterfield County ..................................... Fairfax County.............................................. Hampton City............................................... Hanover County...........................................

VA VA VA VA VA VA

302,770 303,025 422,464 1,666,632 177,809 131,070

12,384 18,999 18,303 66,801 15,734 5,383

35,988 152,876 182,281 306,914 102,046 52,153

254,398 131,150 221,880 1,292,917 60,029 73,534

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

4.1 6.3 4.3 4.0 8.8 4.1

11.9 50.4 43.1 18.4 57.4 39.8

84.0 43.3 52.5 77.6 33.8 56.1

306,866 323,769 416,220 1,776,771 175,220 147,052

255,153 292,724 359,863 1,542,591 166,765 111,482

153,432 185,644 227,817 936,061 101,485 75,198

27,696 16,787 40,885 174,423 6,181 28,956

7,670 8,284 12,207 44,802 571 5,288

10.4 9.5 6.1 5.3 16.7 4.1

13,334 7,433 6,711 9,488 7,252 6,348

1,392 1,210 1,149 941 1,456 788

See notes at end of table.

158 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued

Table 89. Revenues, expenditures, poverty rate, and Title I allocations of public school districts enrolling more than 15,000 students, by state: 2002–03—Continued Revenues by source of funds, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars)

Percentage distribution of revenues, 2002–03

Expenditures, 2002–03 (in thousands of dollars) Current expenditures

Name of district 1

State

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total

Federal

State

Local

Total3

Total

Instruction

Capital Interest on outlay school debt

Poverty rate of Current 5- to expenditure 17-year- per pupil,1 olds, 2002 2002–03

Title I allocations, fiscal year 2004, per poverty child2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

VA VA VA VA VA VA VA VA VA VA

339,369 441,754 276,032 311,900 127,869 565,455 282,060 173,063 185,783 605,100

15,602 8,366 27,791 39,924 15,908 20,616 36,536 6,785 8,818 55,192

133,230 78,921 136,175 163,645 78,219 222,154 100,804 78,699 85,461 280,260

190,537 354,467 112,066 108,331 33,742 322,685 144,720 87,579 91,504 269,648

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

4.6 1.9 10.1 12.8 12.4 3.6 13.0 3.9 4.7 9.1

39.3 17.9 49.3 52.5 61.2 39.3 35.7 45.5 46.0 46.3

56.1 80.2 40.6 34.7 26.4 57.1 51.3 50.6 49.3 44.6

352,295 488,423 277,428 308,710 126,440 578,714 269,545 190,646 184,175 623,521

295,283 355,680 237,449 279,563 117,520 464,356 256,341 147,410 161,706 551,680

181,406 227,659 146,420 173,241 69,164 270,491 145,680 92,942 104,196 329,107

46,494 110,393 26,872 22,385 5,360 82,061 5,754 33,989 13,932 43,706

8,190 21,359 6,023 110 11 15,559 4,074 8,471 8,207 17,120

7.9 3.0 18.4 26.9 23.2 6.5 27.9 6.2 4.3 8.7

6,757 9,477 7,220 7,608 7,356 7,670 9,808 6,891 6,737 7,268

1,196 679 1,438 1,480 1,417 1,115 1,530 1,185 809 1,614

Bellevue....................................................... Bethel .......................................................... Edmonds ..................................................... Everett ......................................................... Evergreen .................................................... Federal Way................................................. Highline........................................................ Issaquash .................................................... Kent ............................................................. Lake Washington ......................................... Northshore................................................... Puyallup....................................................... Seattle ......................................................... Spokane ...................................................... Tacoma ........................................................ Vancouver....................................................

WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA WA

148,530 135,816 172,126 157,695 187,821 170,354 149,080 128,551 206,465 211,972 181,639 157,107 513,336 262,856 306,705 185,183

6,015 8,829 9,503 8,599 8,673 9,547 12,978 3,355 10,967 7,270 6,138 5,679 48,581 27,409 33,309 15,001

73,564 90,627 104,982 94,640 124,272 115,826 89,173 69,268 126,387 115,860 101,851 103,512 241,802 165,750 168,416 116,450

68,951 36,360 57,641 54,456 54,876 44,981 46,929 55,928 69,111 88,842 73,650 47,916 222,953 69,697 104,980 53,732

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

4.0 6.5 5.5 5.5 4.6 5.6 8.7 2.6 5.3 3.4 3.4 3.6 9.5 10.4 10.9 8.1

49.5 66.7 61.0 60.0 66.2 68.0 59.8 53.9 61.2 54.7 56.1 65.9 47.1 63.1 54.9 62.9

46.4 26.8 33.5 34.5 29.2 26.4 31.5 43.5 33.5 41.9 40.5 30.5 43.4 26.5 34.2 29.0

170,462 146,131 165,465 160,821 195,893 191,281 159,076 131,384 208,167 222,001 209,037 148,621 480,198 259,359 378,444 200,816

115,778 111,544 147,849 130,084 157,311 146,998 131,546 97,840 179,808 155,985 142,971 133,907 413,864 239,550 257,764 156,830

69,406 63,433 90,323 78,208 92,112 90,985 77,115 57,671 109,376 97,553 86,938 80,022 240,605 147,499 150,552 92,436

45,776 29,558 3,955 17,960 28,505 38,229 18,252 20,679 16,056 51,675 50,821 8,006 61,921 8,616 107,555 33,249

6,523 4,588 12,352 12,199 9,106 5,554 8,739 11,615 11,706 12,339 14,683 6,153 2,963 4,923 13,031 9,851

6.0 9.6 9.0 12.4 10.7 10.1 12.2 3.5 9.1 4.4 4.6 4.7 13.4 18.4 16.9 16.7

7,395 6,703 6,721 6,940 6,732 6,548 7,417 6,629 6,736 6,473 7,084 6,756 8,649 7,638 7,591 7,075

1,024 1,273 1,010 1,032 1,072 1,082 1,248 700 1,101 715 701 822 1,536 1,419 1,552 1,280

Kanawha County .........................................

WV

267,314

28,505

138,711

100,098

100.0

10.7

51.9

37.4

269,978

235,980

146,254

23,204

1,207

20.2

8,304

1,534

Appleton Area.............................................. Green Bay Area ........................................... Kenosha....................................................... Madison Metropolitan .................................. Milwaukee.................................................... Racine .........................................................

WI WI WI WI WI WI

137,249 202,658 197,525 294,455 1,099,821 208,048

6,401 17,097 14,183 19,144 164,362 18,168

82,221 117,172 122,759 92,916 693,086 138,344

48,627 68,389 60,583 182,395 242,373 51,536

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

4.7 8.4 7.2 6.5 14.9 8.7

59.9 57.8 62.1 31.6 63.0 66.5

35.4 33.7 30.7 61.9 22.0 24.8

139,410 199,569 198,432 307,784 1,152,989 220,527

127,048 179,487 184,748 284,502 1,007,216 198,747

82,567 114,271 115,437 171,118 598,937 127,320

5,917 13,337 7,349 10,882 88,056 17,355

2,607 5,502 5,227 3,476 0 3,005

5.9 10.8 10.7 10.4 27.8 12.3

8,499 8,767 8,761 11,396 10,352 9,216

1,446 1,383 1,631 1,559 1,947 1,796

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Current expenditure per pupil based on fall enrollment collected by the Census Bureau. 2Fiscal year 2004 Department of Education funds available for spending by school districts starting with the 2004–05 school year. 3 Includes other expenditures not shown separately. 4Fiscal information is for the unified school district.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SB=School board. SC=School corporation. ISD=Independent school district. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 2002–03, and “Local Education Agency Universe Survey,” 2003–04. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 159 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Henrico County............................................ Loudoun County .......................................... Newport News City ...................................... Norfolk City .................................................. Portsmouth City ........................................... Prince William County ................................. Richmond City ............................................. Spotsylvania County .................................... Stafford County............................................ Virginia Beach City ......................................

Table 90. Enrollment, poverty, and federal funds for the 100 largest school districts, by enrollment size: Selected years, 2001–02 through 2005–06

Name of district 1

State

Rank order

Enrollment, fall 2003

2

3

4

5- to 17year-old population, 2001–02

5- to 17year-old population Poverty rate of below the poverty 5- to 17level, year-olds, 2001–02 2001–02

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

5

6

New York City .................................... Los Angeles Unified........................... City of Chicago .................................. Dade County...................................... Broward County ................................. Clark County...................................... Houston ISD ...................................... Philadelphia City................................ Hawaii Dept. of Education ................. Hillsborough County ..........................

NY CA IL FL FL NV TX PA HI FL

1 1,023,674 1,358,965 2 747,009 877,488 3 434,419 529,686 4 371,785 417,064 5 272,835 306,758 6 270,529 293,016 7 211,499 242,281 8 189,779 271,660 9 183,609 212,069 10 181,900 199,791

392,397 260,902 147,008 95,822 42,793 38,978 62,700 73,967 27,134 32,172

Palm Beach County ........................... Orange County .................................. Fairfax County.................................... Dallas ISD.......................................... Detroit City......................................... Montgomery County .......................... San Diego City Unified ...................... Prince George’s County..................... Duval County ..................................... Gwinnett County ................................

FL FL VA TX MI MD CA MD FL GA

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

170,260 165,992 164,235 160,584 153,034 139,201 137,960 137,285 129,557 129,014

193,685 178,371 183,747 188,312 215,674 166,707 163,074 160,651 156,418 131,094

24,984 28,678 9,730 51,951 66,759 10,523 31,367 15,351 22,220 11,030

Memphis City..................................... Pinellas County.................................. Charlotte-Mecklenburg ...................... Wake County ..................................... Baltimore County ............................... Cobb County...................................... DeKalb County .................................. Long Beach Unified ........................... Milwaukee.......................................... Jefferson County................................

TN FL NC NC MD GA GA CA WI KY

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

116,224 114,510 114,071 109,424 108,523 102,034 99,550 97,560 97,359 95,582

133,320 135,911 136,217 126,926 133,261 111,161 107,622 106,052 120,503 120,752

Baltimore City .................................... Albuquerque ...................................... Jefferson County................................ Polk County ....................................... Fresno Unified ................................... Fort Worth ISD................................... Austin ISD.......................................... Virginia Beach City ............................ Mesa Unified...................................... Cypress-Fairbanks ISD......................

MD NM CO FL CA TX TX VA AZ TX

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

94,049 90,537 87,172 84,135 81,408 80,335 79,007 76,304 75,401 74,877

112,180 104,811 96,677 92,122 86,516 93,957 90,756 87,400 93,326 68,939

See notes at end of table.

7

Revenues by source of funds (in thousands), 2002–03

Total

Federal

Revenue for selected federal programs (in thousands), 2002–03

Federal Title I, Federal revenue basic and per concenas a percent student, tration of total 2002–031 grants

8

9

10

28.9 $13,140,359 29.7 6,978,828 27.8 3,837,867 23.0 2,976,518 14.0 2,013,451 13.3 1,893,171 25.9 1,709,699 27.2 2,005,429 12.8 2,078,877 16.1 1,398,341

$1,437,401 824,683 602,702 335,837 174,974 122,989 205,044 283,834 170,377 192,811

10.9 11.8 15.7 11.3 8.7 6.5 12.0 14.2 8.2 13.8

11

12

12.9 16.1 5.3 27.6 31.0 6.3 19.2 9.6 14.2 8.4

1,392,058 1,204,883 1,666,632 1,359,491 1,659,070 1,717,136 1,516,967 1,267,462 909,284 1,139,910

104,384 104,053 66,801 165,779 236,429 68,686 162,374 87,537 91,828 42,487

7.5 8.6 4.0 12.2 14.3 4.0 10.7 6.9 10.1 3.7

633 656 411 1,015 1,361 494 1,154 646 717 347

27,592 22,261 10,471 52,853 112,356 14,605 51,108 18,124 26,321 —

30,899 19,354 16,770 10,618 10,564 8,696 16,777 32,654 33,446 18,610

23.2 14.2 12.3 8.4 7.9 7.8 15.6 30.8 27.8 15.4

865,001 854,304 1,038,967 851,758 1,052,878 937,155 900,104 757,771 1,099,821 773,945

109,676 79,604 66,067 44,803 61,499 41,996 54,728 104,562 164,362 45,700

12.7 9.3 6.4 5.3 5.8 4.5 6.1 13.8 14.9 5.9

929 694 602 427 568 418 559 1,076 1,689 478

27,631 16,982 5,465 16,393 32,357 22,161 16,187 7,631 11,043 4,188

24.6 16.2 5.7 17.8 37.4 23.6 17.8 8.7 11.8 6.1

1,004,690 638,542 715,561 598,573 753,759 653,873 824,586 605,100 538,798 548,169

143,103 58,432 30,195 69,077 98,909 72,571 61,882 55,192 42,099 18,017

14.2 9.2 4.2 11.5 13.1 11.1 7.5 9.1 7.8 3.3

1,487 663 343 841 1,218 895 787 727 559 253

Title I allocations for 2005–06 (in thousands)

Eisenhower Special School Vocational Drug-free math and lunch education schools science education 16

17

Basic grants 18

Concentration grants

13

14

15

$1,334 $502,532 $258,513 1,104 283,927 196,516 1,382 199,226 146,246 899 97,366 87,109 653 39,366 41,562 479 24,751 28,234 967 66,029 69,174 1,473 109,115 59,205 927 27,939 31,487 1,099 35,651 35,036

$4,557 12,728 8,769 6,431 3,051 2,468 3,176 5,022 3,282 2,511

— $7,838 5,781 3,710 1,415 1,165 2,169 867 3,090 1,704

25,989 23,356 12,017 46,703 33,926 12,222 28,692 25,259 22,627 13,926

1,332 1,991 1,650 1,951 5,314 1,029 1,672 1,263 1,234 —

319 1,229 474 1,237 1,401 690 2,382 712 789 —

228 7,087 474 — 676 597 9,385 428 3,938 —

21,777 30,609 21,995 18,976 19,821 18,284 22,821 17,083 24,257 —

16,337 18,666 7,892 37,840 64,043 9,847 24,516 14,261 14,717 8,893

3,908 4,465 1,888 9,052 15,319 2,355 5,756 3,411 3,520 2,127

6,981 8,068 2,891 18,097 31,900 3,672 10,247 5,734 6,224 3,363

5,975 6,906 3,393 16,714 41,560 3,308 9,108 5,428 5,327 3,984

27,932 20,949 — — 12,688 — — 27,713 58,795 —

32,945 15,981 19,676 10,651 11,484 8,547 23,007 23,953 21,776 —

2,459 1,537 — — 1,048 — — 1,029 2,006 —

— 1,014 — — 616 — — 821 — —

— 4,788 — — 574 — — 5,728 — —

19,191 20,761 — — 15,095 — — 10,970 18,103 —

20,448 12,765 11,412 7,134 10,194 7,115 13,408 24,038 31,725 14,031

4,891 3,053 2,730 1,706 2,438 1,702 3,207 5,750 7,589 3,356

8,901 5,312 4,664 2,666 3,834 2,532 5,471 10,501 13,913 5,825

11,196 4,547 5,168 2,954 3,474 2,872 6,809 9,342 17,757 8,147

51,469 15,519 7,878 19,904 39,028 22,783 17,178 9,664 9,598 1,724

23,048 14,210 4,946 18,949 21,815 18,778 16,147 7,424 10,452 6,014

1,796 416 617 923 1,398 1,122 799 1,190 1,363 247

1,062 462 271 1,050 470 672 513 279 437 237

456 1,576 2,127 344 5,030 — — 249 3,281 —

18,597 9,033 10,273 13,739 10,699 8,249 11,043 11,676 9,097 6,317

27,442 11,654 4,217 10,678 23,876 16,233 11,944 6,141 7,450 3,080

6,564 2,788 594 2,554 5,711 3,883 2,857 1,469 1,782 —

11,890 4,776 1,377 4,338 10,424 6,856 4,853 2,077 2,830 952

11,758 5,512 1,475 3,713 9,272 6,332 4,482 2,293 2,879 880

— $202,368 $394,193 $60,331 99,764 192,867 50,914 71,267 132,381 18,466 58,451 62,401 9,603 36,343 27,911 188 24,881 26,087 2 15,589 46,022 — — 71,341 964 21,392 24,351 1,703 29,069 21,471

19

Education finance Targeted incentive grants grants 20

21

$94,005 $201,659 46,135 104,982 31,666 70,421 14,927 32,189 6,676 12,857 6,240 11,835 11,009 22,683 17,065 36,056 5,104 9,147 5,136 9,379

$162,082 105,952 67,366 27,551 11,005 9,904 20,949 46,280 8,941 8,027

160 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

_

Table 90. Enrollment, poverty, and federal funds for the 100 largest school districts, by enrollment size: Selected years, 2001–02 through 2005–06—Continued

Name of district 1

State

Rank order

Enrollment, fall 2003

5- to 17year-old population, 2001–02

5- to 17year-old population Poverty below the rate of poverty 5- to 17level, year-olds, 2001–02 2001–02

Revenue for selected federal programs (in thousands), 2002–03

Revenues by source of funds (in thousands), 2002–03

Total

Federal

Title I, Federal Federal revenue basic and as a per concenpercent student, tration of total 2002–031 grants

Title I allocations for 2005–06 (in thousands)

Eisenhower Special School Vocational Drug-free math and lunch education schools science education

Basic grants

Concentration grants

Education finance Targeted incentive grants grants

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

UT MD FL GA CO TX UT OH TN LA

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

74,761 74,508 73,901 73,319 72,100 71,798 70,771 69,655 68,651 67,922

81,875 91,637 83,397 80,902 83,155 74,165 74,337 94,573 87,091 87,428

4,153 5,368 9,629 6,211 18,723 9,340 7,480 27,636 14,657 30,703

5.1 5.9 11.5 7.7 22.5 12.6 10.1 29.2 16.8 35.1

425,717 687,725 501,962 773,098 649,333 549,010 385,148 784,024 524,769 529,221

26,698 36,209 43,045 30,813 68,940 40,883 41,947 139,462 43,910 94,142

6.3 5.3 8.6 4.0 10.6 7.4 10.9 17.8 8.4 17.8

362 484 593 432 958 589 589 1,947 646 1,340

3,582 6,913 11,741 — 22,900 6,448 6,751 — 11,436 34,761

6,839 4,700 7,842 9,965 13,701 10,762 9,668 25,373 12,135 23,820

786 666 743 — 1,125 529 758 436 1,242 3,281

— 401 360 — 1,713 315 213 1,114 — 131

672 181 — — 5,343 — 1,951 — — 4,902

8,258 11,280 12,411 — 9,750 10,310 8,470 13,021 10,942 12,352

2,814 4,979 6,302 5,156 13,874 6,932 4,946 24,586 9,908 21,701

— 844 1,508 1,233 3,319 1,658 1,183 5,772 2,370 5,191

874 1,607 2,294 1,710 5,754 2,512 1,670 10,378 3,978 9,429

1,034 1,327 1,963 1,854 7,173 2,320 2,022 14,898 4,773 9,514

Guilford County.................................. Lee County ........................................ District of Columbia ........................... Seminole County ............................... Mobile County.................................... Greenville County .............................. Volusia County................................... Prince William County ....................... El Paso ISD ....................................... Columbus City ...................................

NC FL DC FL AL SC FL VA TX OH

51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

66,971 66,466 65,099 64,904 64,774 64,245 64,089 63,404 63,200 63,098

75,553 73,298 74,805 72,493 78,335 72,550 71,618 67,804 65,424 76,345

11,280 10,138 21,767 6,800 18,708 10,239 11,105 4,412 23,122 18,469

14.9 13.8 29.1 9.4 23.9 14.1 15.5 6.5 35.3 24.2

482,067 502,261 1,114,061 454,552 449,312 485,956 491,233 565,455 479,632 674,296

41,289 46,188 152,599 32,739 65,632 34,973 40,371 20,616 67,200 60,154

8.6 9.2 13.7 7.2 14.6 7.2 8.2 3.6 14.0 8.9

629 731 2,260 516 1,025 553 641 341 1,064 937

— 10,372 34,472 8,353 21,598 7,481 12,825 2,782 25,730 —

14,005 11,157 17,135 6,507 17,428 9,349 9,552 5,091 15,860 15,309

— 966 3,678 419 1,589 1,199 961 597 1,261 1,793

— 356 1,362 306 586 325 478 203 569 470

— 74 1,138 1,964 4,368 1,384 3,107 198 — —

— 9,754 10,892 11,476 14,302 10,538 9,451 5,939 6,774 7,942

7,607 6,621 24,835 4,416 12,240 7,557 7,371 3,546 16,738 16,156

1,820 1,584 5,941 1,056 2,928 1,808 1,763 — 4,004 3,865

2,886 2,443 10,625 1,472 5,067 2,811 2,793 1,107 7,092 6,691

3,199 2,091 8,959 1,260 5,858 3,799 2,390 1,196 6,550 9,382

Santa Ana Unified.............................. Arlington ISD ..................................... Washoe County ................................. Tucson Unified ................................... Fort Bend ISD.................................... Davis.................................................. Boston ............................................... San Bernardino City Unified .............. San Francisco Unified........................ Pasco County ....................................

CA TX NV AZ TX UT MA CA CA FL

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70

62,874 62,454 62,103 61,448 61,248 60,749 60,150 57,818 57,805 57,510

64,994 68,799 67,157 81,081 64,127 60,856 80,657 59,520 73,357 60,510

15,647 8,849 6,745 16,202 4,098 3,563 21,131 21,278 11,689 9,501

24.1 12.9 10.0 20.0 6.4 5.9 26.2 35.7 15.9 15.7

573,085 458,183 429,620 449,579 435,536 331,830 1,016,975 492,864 539,958 392,460

53,938 28,849 31,454 56,080 18,914 25,868 97,365 56,564 65,637 36,455

9.4 6.3 7.3 12.5 4.3 7.8 9.6 11.5 12.2 9.3

848 466 521 905 318 429 1,582 1,008 1,127 663

14,041 4,981 6,723 15,467 2,790 3,269 38,686 20,115 16,243 9,776

16,005 10,026 6,861 12,411 4,505 6,681 10,435 16,960 9,349 9,778

324 449 563 1,554 349 807 1,587 639 603 532

223 262 240 559 260 176 864 134 259 353

2,380 — 1,742 3,846 — 1,527 7,496 4,625 3,320 2,244

6,966 7,473 6,312 8,633 6,243 6,649 15,501 6,946 312 7,008

11,416 6,467 4,630 10,922 3,111 2,354 21,135 15,815 8,949 6,255

2,731 1,547 1,108 2,613 — — 5,056 3,783 2,131 1,496

4,605 2,295 1,552 4,452 964 702 8,897 6,659 3,434 2,272

3,912 2,119 1,065 4,738 890 820 11,578 5,804 2,833 1,944

San Antonio ISD ................................ North East ISD .................................. Aldine ISD.......................................... Elk Grove Unified............................... Chesterfield County ........................... Garland ISD....................................... Cumberland County........................... Knox County ...................................... Sacramento City Unified.................... Atlanta City ........................................

TX TX TX CA VA TX NC TN CA GA

71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

56,914 56,298 56,292 55,613 55,393 55,114 53,159 52,659 52,103 52,103

66,506 61,085 54,021 53,431 56,906 56,322 56,702 62,126 65,982 66,133

23,121 6,289 12,092 6,951 3,482 5,533 10,417 8,650 16,202 21,344

34.8 10.3 22.4 13.0 6.1 9.8 18.4 13.9 24.6 32.3

517,535 438,835 448,966 469,357 422,464 370,969 351,184 353,030 499,416 720,923

81,270 26,679 47,220 28,982 18,303 21,419 42,558 22,172 71,837 69,171

15.7 6.1 10.5 6.2 4.3 5.8 12.1 6.3 14.4 9.6

1,423 485 853 553 341 397 817 415 1,359 1,259

29,218 4,037 9,019 6,295 3,052 3,345 — 5,585 23,480 —

23,502 7,200 18,159 7,867 2,849 7,615 12,086 6,635 13,671 18,215

1,271 463 575 355 601 358 — — 905 —

642 264 296 379 163 187 — — 596 —

— — — 1,653 121 — — — 3,929 —

7,930 8,800 7,213 6,188 7,287 5,321 — 130 7,489 —

17,139 4,645 8,935 5,415 2,789 4,028 7,032 5,906 13,209 18,916

4,100 — 2,137 1,295 — — 1,682 1,413 2,950 4,189

7,279 1,537 3,448 1,825 825 1,307 2,618 2,109 5,032 7,388

6,723 1,420 3,184 1,365 876 1,207 2,901 2,335 4,306 9,377

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 161 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Jordan................................................ Anne Arundel County ........................ Brevard County.................................. Fulton County .................................... Denver County................................... Northside ISD .................................... Granite............................................... Cleveland Municipal........................... Nashville-Davidson............................ Orleans Parish SB .............................

Name of district 1

State

Rank order

Enrollment, fall 2003

5- to 17year-old population, 2001–02

5- to 17year-old population Poverty below the rate of poverty 5- to 17level, year-olds, 2001–02 2001–02

Revenue for selected federal programs (in thousands), 2002–03

Revenues by source of funds (in thousands), 2002–03

Total

Federal

Title I, Federal Federal revenue basic and as a per concenpercent student, tration of total 2002–031 grants

Title I allocations for 2005–06 (in thousands)

Eisenhower Special School Vocational Drug-free math and lunch education schools science education

Basic grants

Concentration grants

Education finance Targeted incentive grants grants

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

Plano ISD .......................................... Jefferson Parish SB ........................... Alpine................................................. San Juan Unified ............................... Clayton County .................................. Oakland Unified ................................. Garden Grove Unified........................ Capistrano Unified ............................. Anchorage ......................................... Wichita...............................................

TX LA UT CA GA CA CA CA AK KS

81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90

51,869 51,453 51,240 50,906 50,555 50,437 50,172 49,746 49,722 48,894

66,353 80,197 51,126 60,554 55,898 71,360 55,668 57,668 56,609 58,112

2,708 17,170 4,285 6,607 9,527 16,924 10,341 3,474 4,614 9,290

4.1 21.4 8.4 10.9 17.0 23.7 18.6 6.0 8.2 16.0

557,312 392,032 256,461 416,990 410,649 535,822 374,552 359,936 414,075 418,629

14,418 55,362 14,385 38,352 33,123 60,308 33,913 14,397 49,899 49,101

2.6 14.1 5.6 9.2 8.1 11.3 9.1 4.0 12.1 11.7

282 1,075 293 735 668 1,149 677 296 997 1,004

1,199 13,546 2,124 9,483 — 22,172 11,522 1,867 8,974 14,297

2,828 13,808 5,098 5,912 12,322 — 11,417 2,498 6,763 10,385

318 903 498 468 — 789 337 154 905 —

167 752 128 391 — 594 316 161 504 590

— 4,001 1,038 2,069 — 3,423 1,549 607 453 —

5,764 8,533 5,175 6,435 — 7,500 5,869 5,752 8,358 —

2,001 12,148 2,826 5,170 7,682 13,439 8,124 2,535 5,811 8,012

— 2,906 — 1,237 1,838 3,056 3,417 — 798 1,917

— 4,967 878 1,733 2,797 5,240 3,067 748 2,686 2,951

— 5,012 1,039 1,295 3,227 4,497 2,496 539 2,733 4,857

Portland ............................................. Howard County .................................. Forsyth County .................................. Seattle ............................................... Newark City ....................................... Shelby County ................................... Ysleta ISD.......................................... East Baton Rouge Parish SB............. Cherry Creek ..................................... Pasadena ISD....................................

OR MD NC WA NJ TN TX LA CO TX

91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

48,344 47,833 47,788 47,588 46,825 46,808 46,668 46,644 46,594 46,142

61,929 53,648 55,704 60,149 56,070 47,040 44,775 68,551 46,037 47,203

8,906 1,970 7,976 8,082 16,325 2,152 14,202 14,735 2,360 7,912

14.4 3.7 14.3 13.4 29.1 4.6 31.7 21.5 5.1 16.8

480,659 516,846 349,248 513,336 930,827 283,109 348,062 432,445 389,053 330,929

47,612 14,447 30,294 48,581 65,928 13,808 49,392 55,303 11,015 26,171

9.9 2.8 8.7 9.5 7.1 4.9 14.2 12.8 2.8 7.9

922 306 647 1,015 1,555 304 1,057 1,055 241 584

13,125 2,325 — 13,325 31,186 1,885 16,189 12,647 1,453 6,274

9,391 1,840 8,292 6,990 11,724 3,179 12,456 16,053 2,256 10,238

765 412 — 609 — 365 775 1,005 — 430

2,350 165 — — — — 358 436 147 242

2,350 148 — — — — — 3,252 719 —

8,382 5,830 — 7,326 8,109 6,264 5,665 8,463 5,263 4,485

7,429 1,842 5,361 6,366 17,519 1,573 10,262 10,402 1,781 5,800

1,777 — 1,282 1,901 3,992 — 2,455 2,488 — 1,387

2,672 — 1,838 2,234 6,820 410 4,067 4,152 467 1,983

3,767 — 2,036 2,842 9,918 402 3,756 4,189 467 1,832

—Not available 1Federal revenue per student is based on fall enrollment collected by the Bureau of the Census.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 2002–03; “Local Education Agency Universe Survey,” 2003–04; and unpublished Department of Education budget data. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

162 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 90. Enrollment, poverty, and federal funds for the 100 largest school districts, by enrollment size: Selected years, 2001–02 through 2005–06—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 163 Schools and School Districts

Table 91. Public elementary and secondary schools, by type of school: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2003–04 Schools with reported grade spans Elementary schools

Year 1

Total, all public schools

Total

Total2

Middle schools3

Secondary schools

OneOther teacher elementary schools schools

Total4 Junior high5

3-year or 5-year or 4-year high 6-year high schools schools

Combined Other elementary/ secondary secondary schools schools6

Other schools1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

1970–71.................

—

89,372

64,020

2,080

1,815

60,125

23,572

7,750

11,265

3,887

670

1,780

14 —

1975–76.................

88,597

87,034

61,704

3,916

1,166

56,622

23,792

7,521

11,572

4,113

586

1,538

1,563

1976–77.................

—

86,501

61,123

4,180

1,111

55,832

23,857

7,434

11,658

4,130

635

1,521

—

1978–79.................

—

84,816

60,312

5,879

1,056

53,377

22,834

6,282

11,410

4,429

713

1,670

—

1980–81.................

85,982

83,688

59,326

6,003

921

52,402

22,619

5,890

10,758

4,193

1,778

1,743

2,294

1982–83.................

84,740

82,039

58,051

6,875

798

50,378

22,383

5,948

11,678

4,067

690

1,605

2,701

1983–84.................

84,178

81,418

57,471

6,885

838

49,748

22,336

5,936

11,670

4,046

684

1,611

2,760

1984–85.................

84,007

81,147

57,231

6,893

825

49,513

22,320

5,916

11,671

4,021

712

1,596

1986–87.................

83,455

82,190

58,801

7,452

763

50,586

21,406

5,142

11,453

4,197

614

1,983

7

1,265

1987–88.................

83,248

81,416

57,575

7,641

729

49,205

21,662

4,900

11,279

4,048

1,435

2,179

7

1,832 1,586

2,860

1988–89.................

83,165

81,579

57,941

7,957

583

49,401

21,403

4,687

11,350

3,994

1,372

2,235

7

1989–90.................

83,425

81,880

58,419

8,272

630

49,517

21,181

4,512

11,492

3,812

1,365

2,280

7

1990–91.................

84,538

82,475

59,015

8,545

617

49,853

21,135

4,561

11,537

3,723

1,314

2,325

2,063

1991–92.................

84,578

82,506

59,258

8,829

569

49,860

20,767

4,298

11,528

3,699

1,242

2,481

2,072

1992–93.................

84,497

82,896

59,676

9,152

430

50,094

20,671

4,115

11,651

3,613

1,292

2,549

1,601

1993–94.................

85,393

83,431

60,052

9,573

442

50,037

20,705

3,970

11,858

3,595

1,282

2,674

1,962

1994–95.................

86,221

84,476

60,808

9,954

458

50,396

20,904

3,859

12,058

3,628

1,359

2,764

1,745

1995–96.................

87,125

84,958

61,165

10,205

474

50,486

20,997

3,743

12,168

3,621

1,465

2,796

2,167

1996–97.................

88,223

86,092

61,805

10,499

487

50,819

21,307

3,707

12,424

3,614

1,562

2,980

2,131

1997–98.................

89,508

87,541

62,739

10,944

476

51,319

21,682

3,599

12,734

3,611

1,738

3,120

1,967

1998–99.................

90,874

89,259

63,462

11,202

463

51,797

22,076

3,607

13,457

3,707

1,305

3,721

1,615

1999–2000.............

92,012

90,538

64,131

11,521

423

52,187

22,365

3,566

13,914

3,686

1,199

4,042

1,474

2000–01.................

93,273

91,691

64,601

11,696

411

52,494

21,994

3,318

13,793

3,974

909

5,096

1,582

2001–02.................

94,112

92,696

65,228

11,983

408

52,837

22,180

3,285

14,070

3,917

908

5,288

1,416

2002–03.................

95,615

93,869

65,718

12,174

366

53,178

22,599

3,263

14,330

4,017

989

5,552

1,746

2003–04.................

95,726

93,977

65,758

12,341

376

53,041

22,782

3,251

14,595

3,840

1,096

5,437

1,749

—Not available. 1 Includes special education, alternative, and other schools not classified by grade span. 2 Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and with no grade higher than 8. 3Includes schools with grade spans beginning with 4, 5, or 6 and ending with 6, 7, or 8. 4 Includes schools with no grade lower than 7. 5 Includes schools with grades 7 and 8 or grades 7 through 9. 6Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or lower and ending with grade 9 or above.

7Because

1,545

of revision in data collection procedures, figures not comparable to data for other years. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems, 1975–76; Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary Day Schools, 1970–71, and 1976–77 through 1980–81; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 1982–83 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

164 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts _

Table 92. Number and percentage distribution of public elementary and secondary schools and enrollment, by type and enrollment size of school: 2003–04

Enrollment size of school 1

Number and percentage distribution of schools, by type

Enrollment and percentage distribution, by type of school1

Secondary4

Secondary4

Total2 Elementary3

All schools

Combined Regular elementary/ schools6 secondary5

Other2

Total2 Elementary3

All schools

Combined Regular elementary/ schools6 secondary5

Other2

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Number of schools..............

95,726

65,758

22,782

18,810

5,437

1,749

48,353,523

31,204,774

15,751,624

15,279,073

1,310,435

86,690

Percent7......................

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

Under 100...........................

11.02

6.14

16.75

9.00

45.32

55.72

0.96

0.63

1.07

0.63

6.35

16.30

100 to 199...........................

9.67

8.60

11.04

10.24

16.21

22.88

2.77

2.74

2.23

1.85

8.73

22.31

200 to 299...........................

11.59

12.95

8.10

8.21

9.34

9.31

5.62

6.90

2.79

2.51

8.48

16.32

300 to 399...........................

13.45

15.83

7.95

8.64

7.24

4.74

9.04

11.64

3.83

3.68

9.33

11.61

400 to 499...........................

13.18

16.16

6.31

6.90

5.17

3.27

11.35

15.21

3.92

3.80

8.62

10.11

500 to 599...........................

10.79

13.12

5.62

6.25

3.69

1.47

11.33

15.07

4.27

4.21

7.50

5.64

600 to 699...........................

8.04

9.36

5.34

6.07

3.34

0.82

9.98

12.71

4.78

4.81

8.04

3.56

700 to 799...........................

5.55

6.14

4.68

5.30

2.22

0.65

7.95

9.61

4.84

4.85

6.17

3.37

800 to 999...........................

6.76

6.86

7.46

8.58

3.10

0.49

11.52

12.74

9.26

9.42

10.25

3.04

1,000 to 1,499.....................

6.09

4.18

12.73

14.58

2.73

0.33

13.96

10.23

21.55

21.83

12.31

2.88

1,500 to 1,999.....................

2.16

0.52

7.39

8.54

1.01

0.16

7.11

1.82

17.67

18.07

6.44

2.20

2,000 to 2,999.....................

1.38

0.13

5.42

6.28

0.33

0.16

6.25

0.61

17.73

18.19

2.87

2.65

3,000 or more .....................

0.31

0.01

1.22

1.41

0.31

0.00

2.16

0.08

6.05

6.16

4.90

0.00

Average enrollment7 ...........

521

476

722

816

269

142

521

476

722

816

269

142

1Totals

differ from those reported in other tables because this table represents data reported by schools rather than by states or school districts. Percentage distribution and average enrollment calculations exclude data for schools not reporting enrollment. 2Includes special education, alternative, and other schools not classified by grade span. 3 Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and with no grade higher than 8. 4 Includes schools with no grade lower than 7. 5 Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and ending with grade 9 or above.

6Excludes 7

special education schools, vocational schools, and alternative schools. Data are for schools reporting their enrollment size. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 165 Schools and School Districts _

Table 93. Average enrollment and percentage distribution of public elementary and secondary schools, by type and size: Selected years, 1982–83 through 2003–04 Average enrollment in schools, by type

Percentage distribution of schools, by enrollment size

Secondary3 Year 1

Total1 Elementary2 All schools

Combined Regular elementary/ schools5 secondary4

Other1 Under 200 200 to 299 300 to 399 400 to 499 500 to 599 600 to 699 700 to 999 1,000 or more

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

1982–83................

478

399

719

—

478

142

21.9

13.8

15.5

13.1

10.2

7.1

10.2

8.3

1983–84................

480

401

720

—

475

145

21.7

13.7

15.5

13.2

10.2

7.1

10.3

8.3

1984–85................

482

403

721

—

476

146

21.5

13.6

15.5

13.2

10.3

7.1

10.4

8.4

1987–88................

490

424

695

711

420

122

20.3

12.9

14.9

13.8

11.1

7.8

11.2

8.0

1988–89................

494

433

689

697

412

142

20.0

12.5

14.7

13.8

11.4

8.0

11.6

8.0

1989–90................

493

441

669

689

402

142

19.8

12.2

14.5

13.7

11.5

8.3

12.0

7.9

1990–91................

497

449

663

684

398

150

19.7

11.9

14.2

13.6

11.7

8.5

12.3

8.1

1991–92................

507

458

677

717

407

152

19.1

11.7

14.1

13.5

11.8

8.6

12.8

8.5

1992–93................

513

464

688

733

423

135

18.6

11.6

13.9

13.5

11.9

8.7

13.1

8.7

1993–94................

518

468

693

748

418

136

18.6

11.5

13.6

13.5

11.7

8.8

13.3

9.0

1994–95................

520

471

696

759

412

131

18.6

11.4

13.6

13.4

11.8

8.7

13.3

9.2

1995–96................

525

476

703

771

401

136

18.5

11.2

13.5

13.4

11.8

8.8

13.4

9.4

1996–97................

527

478

703

777

387

135

18.7

11.3

13.2

13.2

11.8

8.8

13.6

9.5

1997–98................

525

478

699

779

374

121

19.3

11.2

13.1

13.3

11.6

8.6

13.4

9.6

1998–99................

524

478

707

786

290

135

19.6

11.2

13.1

13.2

11.5

8.5

13.3

9.6

1999–2000............

521

477

706

785

282

123

20.0

11.3

13.3

13.2

11.2

8.4

13.1

9.5

2000–01................

519

477

714

795

274

136

20.4

11.4

13.2

13.3

11.0

8.2

12.9

9.6

2001–02................

520

477

718

807

270

138

20.5

11.5

13.3

13.1

10.9

8.1

12.7

9.7

2002–03................

519

476

720

813

265

136

20.7

11.6

13.4

13.0

10.9

8.1

12.4

9.8

2003–04................

521

476

722

816

269

142

20.7

11.6

13.5

13.2

10.8

8.0

12.3

9.9

—Not available. 1 Includes special education, alternative, and other schools not classified by grade span. 2 Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and with no grade higher than 8. 3Includes schools with no grade lower than 7. 4 Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and ending with grade 9 or above. 5 Excludes special education schools, vocational schools, and alternative schools.

NOTE: Data reflect reports by schools rather than by states or school districts. Percentage distribution and average enrollment calculations exclude data for schools not reporting enrollment. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 1982–83 through 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Distribution of students in racial/ethnic group, by percent minority in the school

Distribution of students in each racial/ethnic group, by percent of that racial/ethnic group in the school

Total

Less than 10 percent of group

10 to 24 percent of group

25 to 49 percent of group

50 to 74 percent of group

75 to 89 percent of group

90 percent or more of group

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

175,321

557,111

2,189,587

5,476,109

7,163,518

13,366,109

Total

Less than 10 percent minority

10 to 24 percent minority

25 to 49 percent minority

50 to 74 percent minority

75 to 89 percent minority

90 percent or more minority

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Total students enrolled, 1998 .........

46,098,137

13,918,585

8,609,057

8,634,368

5,751,343

3,231,486

5,953,298

White.............................................. Minority .......................................... Black .......................................... Hispanic ..................................... Asian/Pacific Islander................. American Indian/Alaska Native ..

28,927,755 17,170,382 7,914,940 6,901,586 1,823,989 529,867

13,353,338 565,247 194,596 180,371 138,154 52,126

7,166,476 1,442,581 597,596 460,460 283,376 101,149

5,475,168 3,159,200 1,566,164 1,040,981 415,352 136,703

2,197,933 3,553,410 1,658,677 1,403,828 402,760 88,145

559,007 2,672,479 1,008,792 1,285,839 334,023 43,825

175,833 5,777,465 2,889,115 2,530,107 250,324 107,919

28,927,755

Racial/ethnic group 1

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

7,914,940 6,901,586 1,823,989 529,867

711,003 710,101 766,716 240,327

1,176,520 944,193 487,256 81,718

1,941,294 1,539,795 316,286 69,361

1,393,630 1,589,145 160,495 40,997

862,646 1,008,330 78,173 16,302

1,829,847 1,110,022 15,063 81,162

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total students enrolled, 2003 .........

47,277,389

11,314,373

8,968,654

9,458,850

6,497,404

3,852,133

7,185,975

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

White.............................................. Minority .......................................... Black .......................................... Hispanic ..................................... Asian/Pacific Islander................. American Indian/Alaska Native ..

27,612,086 19,665,303 8,089,204 8,883,272 2,107,001 585,826

10,800,756 513,617 166,739 178,225 123,019 45,634

7,459,746 1,508,908 550,944 545,760 308,895 103,309

6,005,905 3,452,945 1,498,379 1,293,687 504,282 156,597

2,472,086 4,025,318 1,704,423 1,746,012 470,177 104,706

655,729 3,196,404 1,084,696 1,677,932 379,499 54,277

217,864 6,968,111 3,084,023 3,441,656 321,129 121,303

27,612,086 † 8,089,204 8,883,272 2,107,001 585,826

217,481 † 799,317 798,001 871,373 269,500

653,565 † 1,314,241 1,207,530 576,349 84,700

2,461,591 † 1,935,392 1,921,220 355,671 82,385

6,004,556 † 1,398,145 2,032,893 196,954 44,434

7,464,705 † 844,572 1,380,085 88,498 21,754

10,810,188 † 1,797,537 1,543,543 18,156 83,053

Percent of students enrolled, 1998

100.0

30.2

18.7

18.7

12.5

7.0

12.9

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

White.............................................. Minority .......................................... Black .......................................... Hispanic ..................................... Asian/Pacific Islander................. American Indian/Alaska Native ..

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

46.2 3.3 2.5 2.6 7.6 9.8

24.8 8.4 7.6 6.7 15.5 19.1

18.9 18.4 19.8 15.1 22.8 25.8

7.6 20.7 21.0 20.3 22.1 16.6

1.9 15.6 12.7 18.6 18.3 8.3

0.6 33.6 36.5 36.7 13.7 20.4

100.0

0.6

1.9

7.6

18.9

24.8

46.2

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

9.0 10.3 42.0 45.4

14.9 13.7 26.7 15.4

24.5 22.3 17.3 13.1

17.6 23.0 8.8 7.7

10.9 14.6 4.3 3.1

23.1 16.1 0.8 15.3

Percent of students enrolled, 2003

100.0

23.9

19.0

20.0

13.7

8.1

15.2

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

White.............................................. Minority .......................................... Black .......................................... Hispanic ..................................... Asian/Pacific Islander................. American Indian/Alaska Native ..

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

39.1 2.6 2.1 2.0 5.8 7.8

27.0 7.7 6.8 6.1 14.7 17.6

21.8 17.6 18.5 14.6 23.9 26.7

9.0 20.5 21.1 19.7 22.3 17.9

2.4 16.3 13.4 18.9 18.0 9.3

0.8 35.4 38.1 38.7 15.2 20.7

100.0

0.8

2.4

8.9

21.7

27.0

39.2

†Not applicable. NOTE: Data reflect racial/ethnic data reported by schools. Because some schools do not report complete racial/ethnic data, totals may differ from figures in other tables. Excludes 1998 data for Idaho and 2003 data for Tennessee because racial/ethnic data were not reported. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

9.9 9.0 41.4 46.0

16.2 13.6 27.4 14.5

23.9 21.6 16.9 14.1

17.3 22.9 9.3 7.6

10.4 15.5 4.2 3.7

22.2 17.4 0.9 14.2

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 1998 and 2003. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

166 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 94. Public elementary and secondary school students, by racial/ethnic enrollment concentration of school: Fall 1998 and fall 2003

_

Table 95. Public elementary and secondary schools, by type and state or jurisdiction: 1990–91, 2000–01, and 2003–04 Number of schools, 2003–04 Combined elementary/secondary3

State or jurisdiction 1

Total, all schools, 1990–91

Total, all schools, 2000–01

Total

Elementary1

Secondary2

Total

Prekindergarten, kindergarten, or 1st grade to grade 12

Other schools ending with grade 12

Other combined schools

Other4

Alternative5

Special education5

Charter5

One-teacher schools5

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

84,538

93,273

95,726

65,758

22,782

5,437

2,822

2,136

479

1,749

5,958

2,328

2,977

376

Alabama ............................................ Alaska................................................ Arizona .............................................. Arkansas............................................ California ...........................................

1,297 498 1,049 1,098 7,913

1,517 515 1,724 1,138 8,773

1,518 520 2,016 1,150 9,223

938 194 1,261 711 6,579

403 85 560 424 2,187

177 241 151 15 456

120 220 74 4 360

48 14 52 5 75

9 7 25 6 21

0 0 44 0 1

74 23 76 5 1,187

26 3 13 4 128

0 19 505 13 444

0 21 11 1 54

Colorado ............................................ Connecticut........................................ Delaware............................................ District of Columbia ........................... Florida................................................

1,344 985 173 181 2,516

1,632 1,248 191 198 3,316

1,672 1,247 204 206 3,427

1,196 824 137 139 2,350

401 240 44 43 481

75 180 23 9 596

37 163 18 7 193

33 12 4 1 369

5 5 1 1 34

0 3 0 15 0

74 200 10 7 185

17 27 16 13 117

96 12 13 37 257

5 0 0 0 6

Georgia.............................................. Hawaii ................................................ Idaho.................................................. Illinois................................................. Indiana...............................................

1,734 235 582 4,239 1,915

1,946 261 673 4,342 1,976

2,458 284 685 4,416 1,986

1,637 208 417 3,189 1,420

356 54 223 1,005 448

42 22 45 126 92

19 18 25 45 40

20 1 15 62 46

3 3 5 19 6

423 0 0 96 26

174 1 67 169 47

271 3 10 256 51

51 26 17 28 17

0 3 7 0 0

Iowa ................................................... Kansas............................................... Kentucky ............................................ Louisiana ........................................... Maine.................................................

1,588 1,477 1,400 1,533 747

1,534 1,430 1,526 1,530 714

1,493 1,413 1,436 1,544 694

1,023 977 1,007 1,037 518

424 423 337 312 156

37 2 91 195 20

2 1 22 142 12

35 1 67 48 7

0 0 2 5 1

9 11 1 0 0

43 5 158 112 0

10 4 11 39 4

0 17 0 16 0

6 0 0 0 5

Maryland............................................ Massachusetts................................... Michigan ............................................ Minnesota .......................................... Mississippi .........................................

1,220 1,842 3,313 1,590 972

1,383 1,905 3,998 2,362 1,030

1,408 1,867 4,000 2,545 1,051

1,085 1,464 2,698 1,256 599

269 334 843 836 327

36 65 187 106 116

19 35 81 29 70

11 22 70 48 45

6 8 36 29 1

18 4 272 347 9

72 27 244 638 61

50 5 179 275 0

1 51 212 105 1

0 1 11 1 0

Missouri ............................................. Montana............................................. Nebraska ........................................... Nevada .............................................. New Hampshire .................................

2,199 900 1,506 354 439

2,368 879 1,326 511 526

2,372 859 1,248 558 473

1,560 497 885 406 375

650 362 333 127 97

162 0 30 23 1

77 0 30 7 0

82 0 0 14 0

3 0 0 2 1

0 0 0 2 0

84 4 0 40 0

23 2 46 13 0

26 0 0 15 0

0 71 79 12 0

New Jersey ........................................ New Mexico ....................................... New York............................................ North Carolina ................................... North Dakota .....................................

2,272 681 4,010 1,955 663

2,410 765 4,336 2,207 579

2,467 814 4,531 2,268 556

1,911 575 3,187 1,770 322

462 205 995 390 200

14 34 179 85 2

1 14 84 24 0

8 16 62 49 2

5 4 33 12 0

80 0 170 23 32

18 56 195 71 0

83 16 73 19 30

51 34 50 93 0

0 2 — 0 5

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 167 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2 United States ............................

Number of schools, 2003–04 Combined elementary/secondary3

State or jurisdiction 1

Total, all schools, 1990–91

Total, all schools, 2000–01

Total

Elementary1

Secondary2

Total

Prekindergarten, kindergarten, or 1st grade to grade 12

Other schools ending with grade 12

Other combined schools

Other4

Alternative5

Special education5

Charter5

One-teacher schools5

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Ohio ................................................... Oklahoma .......................................... Oregon............................................... Pennsylvania...................................... Rhode Island .....................................

3,731 1,880 1,199 3,260 309

3,916 1,821 1,273 3,252 328

3,942 1,786 1,238 3,259 341

2,738 1,198 913 2,375 268

1,003 583 274 802 68

176 5 41 66 5

40 0 30 20 4

60 1 6 27 1

76 4 5 19 0

25 0 10 16 0

9 0 58 13 5

61 0 2 12 4

165 12 24 102 8

0 1 12 0 0

South Carolina................................... South Dakota..................................... Tennessee ......................................... Texas ................................................. Utah ...................................................

1,097 802 1,543 5,991 714

1,127 769 1,624 7,519 793

1,161 740 1,677 7,978 886

849 441 1,259 5,241 546

285 281 354 1,835 309

20 12 61 902 14

5 7 27 432 1

11 5 30 445 9

4 0 4 25 4

7 6 3 0 17

19 24 27 945 90

10 6 16 119 41

18 0 4 274 19

0 26 — 2 9

Vermont ............................................. Virginia............................................... Washington........................................ West Virginia...................................... Wisconsin .......................................... Wyoming............................................

397 1,811 1,936 1,015 2,018 415

393 1,969 2,305 840 2,182 393

393 2,070 2,251 793 2,222 380

276 1,482 1,425 588 1,552 255

69 412 592 178 593 108

48 98 234 26 77 17

40 55 136 4 20 8

8 42 74 20 45 8

0 1 24 2 12 1

0 78 0 1 0 0

2 131 266 24 191 27

61 56 84 9 10 0

0 6 0 0 137 1

3 0 8 0 0 14

Bureau of Indian Affairs ..................... Department of Defense dependents schools Domestic schools........................... Overseas schools ..........................

—

189

189

102

26

60

53

3

4

1

0

0

0

— —

71 156

69 154

57 105

7 39

5 10

1 9

2 1

2 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

30 35 26 1,619 33

31 38 29 1,543 36

31 37 32 1,522 35

24 33 23 862 24

6 4 6 358 10

0 0 1 269 1

0 0 0 33 0

0 0 0 6 0

0 0 1 230 1

1 0 2 33 0

0 0 1 24 1

1 0 0 28 0

0 0 0 120 0

0 0 0 0 0

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ........................... Guam ............................................. Northern Marianas......................... Puerto Rico.................................... Virgin Islands .................................

—Not available. 1Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and with no grade higher than 8. 2 Includes schools with no grade lower than 7. 3Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and ending with grade 9 or above. 4Includes schools not classified by grade span.

5Schools

6

26

are also included under elementary, secondary, combined, or other as appropriate. are for 1998–99. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 1990–91, 2000–01, and 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

6Data

168 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 95. Public elementary and secondary schools, by type and state or jurisdiction: 1990–91, 2000–01, and 2003–04—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 169 Schools and School Districts

Table 96. Public elementary schools, by grade span, average school size, and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04 Average number of students per school2

Schools, by grade span

State or jurisdiction 1

Total, all elementary schools

PreTotal, all kindergarten, regular kindergarten, elementary or 1st grade to schools1 grades 3 or 4

Prekindergarten, kindergarten, or 1st grade to grade 5

Prekindergarten, kindergarten, or 1st grade to grade 6

Prekindergarten, kindergarten, Grade 4, 5, or or 1st grade 6 to grade to grade 8 6, 7, or 8

Other grade spans

All elementary schools

Regular elementary schools1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States ....................

65,758

64,721

5,030

23,472

13,547

5,502

12,341

5,866

476

482

Alabama .................................... Alaska........................................ Arizona ...................................... Arkansas.................................... California ...................................

938 194 1,261 711 6,579

928 192 1,231 709 6,396

90 1 61 117 174

303 21 233 139 2,012

163 111 352 235 2,462

76 23 358 7 758

209 16 162 133 985

97 22 95 80 188

480 321 509 381 614

482 322 514 382 630

Colorado .................................... Connecticut................................ Delaware.................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

1,196 824 137 139 2,350

1,195 809 135 138 2,330

30 105 33 4 27

552 294 48 21 1,510

261 115 6 80 142

60 59 3 11 78

227 152 32 17 486

66 99 15 6 107

411 460 528 354 737

411 467 533 356 742

Georgia...................................... Hawaii ........................................ Idaho.......................................... Illinois......................................... Indiana.......................................

1,637 208 417 3,189 1,420

1,634 207 413 3,086 1,413

39 3 37 310 107

966 63 111 772 597

70 108 155 423 348

12 8 19 718 26

398 25 64 542 259

152 1 31 424 83

660 551 366 442 459

661 554 368 453 459

Iowa ........................................... Kansas....................................... Kentucky .................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine.........................................

1,023 977 1,007 1,037 518

1,020 975 995 1,013 517

92 87 50 96 67

339 287 480 335 96

223 252 141 178 69

15 95 90 79 109

220 185 199 229 93

134 71 47 120 84

291 299 437 456 250

292 300 441 461 250

Maryland.................................... Massachusetts........................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi .................................

1,085 1,464 2,698 1,256 599

1,060 1,458 2,684 1,118 597

13 194 241 121 84

627 515 1,032 316 109

137 166 394 396 130

32 100 168 52 41

218 284 520 199 132

58 205 343 172 103

540 443 411 398 515

548 444 412 440 515

Missouri ..................................... Montana..................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire .........................

1,560 497 885 406 375

1,549 495 867 395 375

126 20 0 6 53

510 63 0 191 109

321 219 546 97 52

112 118 227 19 47

300 52 80 69 74

191 25 32 24 40

379 173 198 659 363

380 173 200 674 363

New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York.................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota .............................

1,911 575 3,187 1,770 322

1,898 562 3,169 1,766 322

283 26 278 61 12

534 215 1,186 1,021 32

199 138 550 54 195

270 18 127 111 46

352 123 640 434 23

273 55 406 89 14

483 357 583 537 176

484 362 585 538 176

Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon....................................... Pennsylvania.............................. Rhode Island .............................

2,738 1,198 913 2,375 268

2,726 1,198 894 2,375 267

378 65 55 284 25

808 333 391 859 120

596 163 177 497 35

147 313 82 104 2

526 215 182 443 48

283 109 26 188 38

405 352 383 466 398

406 352 388 466 399

South Carolina........................... South Dakota ............................. Tennessee ................................. Texas ......................................... Utah ...........................................

849 441 1,259 5,241 546

847 441 1,251 5,134 531

56 17 154 567 21

409 112 474 2,036 107

81 103 102 761 347

19 111 184 115 5

218 76 273 1,177 42

66 22 72 585 24

569 183 495 545 515

571 183 497 553 528

Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................ West Virginia.............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming....................................

276 1,482 1,425 588 1,552 255

242 1,475 1,358 584 1,493 254

13 41 68 88 124 26

25 840 416 220 635 48

113 142 527 95 219 101

66 13 71 41 119 18

16 305 233 107 307 40

43 141 110 37 148 22

207 540 431 320 355 191

228 542 446 321 358 191

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

170 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 96. Public elementary schools, by grade span, average school size, and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04—Continued Average number of students per school2

Schools, by grade span

State or jurisdiction 1 Bureau of Indian Affairs ............. Department of Defense dependents schools Domestic schools................... Overseas schools .................. Other jurisdictions American Samoa ................... Guam ..................................... Northern Marianas................. Puerto Rico............................ Virgin Islands ......................... 1Excludes

Total, all elementary schools

PreTotal, all kindergarten, regular kindergarten, elementary or 1st grade to schools1 grades 3 or 4

Prekindergarten, kindergarten, or 1st grade to grade 5

Prekindergarten, kindergarten, Grade 4, 5, or or 1st grade 6 to grade to grade 8 6, 7, or 8

Other grade spans

All elementary schools

Regular elementary schools1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

102

102

5

4

22

67

3

1

215

215

57 105

57 105

15 7

17 23

4 47

2 6

9 18

10 4

438 470

438 470

24 33 23 862 24

24 33 23 830 24

1 0 0 51 0

0 24 2 5 1

0 0 10 762 22

21 0 0 7 0

1 7 1 24 1

1 2 10 13 0

491 683 301 297 408

491 683 301 297 408

special education and alternative schools. for schools reporting enrollment data. NOTE: Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and with no grade higher than 8. Excludes schools not reported by grade level, such as some special education schools for the disabled. 2Average

Prekindergarten, kindergarten, or 1st grade to grade 6

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 171 Schools and School Districts

Table 97. Public secondary schools, by grade span, average school size, and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04

State or jurisdiction 1

Total, all secondary schools

Total, all regular secondary schools1

Average number of students per school3

Schools, by grade span Grades 7 to 8 and 7 to 9

Grades 7 to 12

Grades 8 to 12

Grades 9 to 12

Grades 10 to 12

Other spans ending with grade 12

Other grade spans

Vocational schools2

All secondary schools

Regular secondary schools1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

United States .............

22,782

18,810

3,251

3,175

665

13,910

685

297

799

1,100

722

816

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

403 85 560 424 2,187

308 72 466 400 1,373

33 18 86 53 334

88 19 46 190 274

7 2 13 5 34

233 43 398 106 1,505

32 2 5 44 20

5 0 2 2 6

5 1 10 24 14

75 2 73 20 0

667 522 665 434 955

691 585 699 439 1,447

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

401 240 44 43 481

339 180 36 38 456

60 30 11 11 17

64 11 1 2 35

4 6 24 1 19

262 163 7 29 385

4 7 0 0 4

3 15 0 0 5

4 8 1 0 16

2 17 5 2 26

612 778 958 462 1,482

694 959 1,006 488 1,558

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

356 54 223 1,005 448

341 53 160 792 397

15 11 38 158 71

3 8 52 62 85

6 0 3 24 2

326 34 109 630 259

1 0 16 12 1

0 0 0 31 1

5 1 5 88 29

0 0 9 54 29

1,178 1,196 440 698 812

1,222 1,215 557 814 837

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

424 423 337 312 156

389 419 254 279 129

54 63 27 50 17

88 90 62 46 10

0 4 5 181 1

271 258 235 29 126

7 6 2 1 1

2 1 5 1 0

2 1 1 4 1

0 0 10 9 27

413 412 629 697 541

442 415 767 741 541

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

269 334 843 836 327

196 285 703 470 232

21 36 107 78 36

7 34 89 217 60

1 8 22 55 6

221 252 553 275 188

3 1 18 89 25

5 1 5 63 3

11 2 49 59 9

25 40 45 12 89

1,148 878 703 396 634

1,333 915 791 660 634

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

650 362 333 127 97

576 358 333 100 97

66 186 25 19 18

192 0 196 20 0

2 0 0 4 0

343 174 106 76 76

21 1 6 1 2

11 0 0 4 0

15 1 0 3 1

61 0 0 3 0

550 173 342 968 734

554 175 342 1,125 734

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

462 205 995 390 200

397 169 880 372 193

65 34 100 19 14

36 37 138 8 131

7 6 28 21 4

325 112 622 332 37

14 6 16 4 4

2 1 0 2 1

13 9 91 4 9

55 1 25 7 7

1,015 556 906 1,016 234

1,095 645 962 1,046 234

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

1,003 583 274 802 68

915 583 241 713 50

160 100 37 104 8

137 0 33 160 0

37 0 5 9 0

583 400 187 412 50

28 62 7 29 4

17 3 3 9 1

41 18 2 79 5

75 0 0 81 13

697 346 686 899 860

714 346 762 909 987

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

285 281 354 1,835 309

227 266 317 1,480 220

29 96 28 344 95

14 11 27 182 35

9 0 3 12 11

206 174 257 1,225 60

13 0 19 16 74

9 0 12 10 7

5 0 8 46 27

40 0 23 30 2

922 158 813 763 674

961 163 842 916 916

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

69 412 592 178 593 108

55 346 447 132 482 94

8 31 111 18 70 31

21 5 66 19 57 7

0 36 23 2 10 3

40 295 335 123 402 61

0 3 25 10 14 5

0 0 15 3 31 0

0 42 17 3 9 1

14 48 10 33 1 0

642 1,103 627 618 525 331

642 1,151 792 676 628 365

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

172 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 97. Public secondary schools, by grade span, average school size, and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04—Continued

State or jurisdiction 1 Bureau of Indian Affairs ...... Department of Defense dependents schools Domestic schools............ Overseas schools ........... Other jurisdictions American Samoa ............ Guam .............................. Northern Marianas.......... Puerto Rico..................... Virgin Islands .................. 1Excludes

Total, all secondary schools

Grades 7 to 8 and 7 to 9

Grades 7 to 12

Grades 8 to 12

3Average

Grades 9 to 12

Grades 10 to 12

Other spans ending with grade 12

Other grade spans

Vocational schools2

All secondary schools

Regular secondary schools1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

26

26

1

8

0

17

0

0

0

0

365

365

7 39

7 39

2 2

0 22

0 1

5 14

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

504 469

504 469

6 4 6 358 10

5 4 6 335 8

0 0 1 172 5

0 0 1 28 0

0 0 0 0 0

6 4 4 5 4

0 0 0 142 1

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 11 0

1 0 0 14 1

676 2,256 682 584 850

737 2,256 682 590 950

vocational, special education, and alternative schools. schools are also included under appropriate grade span. for schools reporting enrollment data. NOTE: Includes schools with no grade lower than 7. Excludes schools not reported by grade level, such as some special education schools for the disabled. 2Vocational

Average number of students per school3

Schools, by grade span

Total, all regular secondary schools1

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey,” 2003–04. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 98. Public charter schools and students, by school origin status and selected school characteristics: 1999–2000 Schools and students School characteristic

School origin status (percentage distribution)

Number of schools

Number of students

Average enrollment

Percent of schools

Percent of students

Newly created

Pre-existing public school

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1

Pre-existing private school 9

1,010

(4.3)

266,721

(3,957.0)

264

(3.6)

100.0

(0.00)

100.0

(0.00)

73.6

(0.60)

16.5

(0.40)

9.9

(0.40)

State Arizona.................................................. California............................................... Michigan ............................................... All other states ......................................

207 133 135 535

(2.8) (1.3) (0.6) (3.7)

39,860 64,152 36,052 126,656

(1,593.8) (2,540.8) (698.8) (2,243.9)

193 482 267 237

(7.1) (17.4) (5.1) (4.1)

20.5 13.2 13.4 53.0

(0.20) (0.10) (0.10) (0.30)

14.9 24.1 13.5 47.5

(0.50) (0.80) (0.30) (0.70)

78.3 55.7 76.4 75.6

(1.40) (1.80) (1.20) (0.80)

5.3 ‡ 6.5 16.7

(0.80) (†) (0.60) (0.60)

16.4 ‡ 17.2 7.8

(1.30) (†) (1.00) (0.60)

Locale Central city............................................ Urban fringe/large town ........................ Rural/small town ...................................

537 324 150

(8.2) (6.9) (5.8)

139,307 108,807 18,607

(3,148.5) (3,272.5) (1,039.6)

260 336 124

(4.8) (8.3) (4.9)

53.1 32.1 14.8

(0.80) (0.70) (0.60)

52.2 40.8 7.0

(1.00) (1.00) (0.40)

76.3 68.5 75.4

(0.70) (0.90) (1.90)

11.9 23.4 17.8

(0.60) (0.80) (1.60)

11.8 8.1 6.9

(0.60) (0.60) (1.10)

School level Elementary............................................ Secondary............................................. Combined .............................................

586 235 190

(5.9) (6.4) (5.0)

158,801 58,218 49,702

(2,238.7) (2,952.0) (2,192.0)

271 248 262

(3.6) (9.7) (10.7)

58.0 23.2 18.8

(0.60) (0.60) (0.50)

59.5 21.8 18.6

(0.90) (0.90) (0.70)

72.2 75.3 76.0

(0.60) (1.50) (1.40)

17.3 18.9 11.1

(0.50) (1.30) (1.00)

10.5 5.8 12.9

(0.50) (0.60) (1.20)

Enrollment Less than 300 ....................................... 300 to 999............................................. 1,000 or more .......................................

730 251 29

(6.9) (6.6) (2.1)

94,271 130,683 41,766

(1,425.3) (3,568.7) (3,090.0)

129 520 1,448

(1.3) (5.3) (38.4)

72.3 24.9 2.9

(0.70) (0.60) (0.20)

35.4 49.0 15.7

(0.80) (1.00) (1.00)

78.9 64.4 21.0

(0.70) (1.20) (4.00)

9.2 30.5 79.0

(0.50) (1.00) (4.00)

11.9 5.2 0.0

(0.50) (0.60) (0.00)

School origin status Newly created ....................................... Pre-existing public................................. Pre-existing private ...............................

744 166 100

(6.6) (4.4) (4.0)

166,060 83,811 16,849

(3,483.1) (2,760.3) (871.2)

223 503 169

(4.1) (14.6) (5.5)

73.6 16.5 9.9

(0.60) (0.40) (0.40)

62.3 31.4 6.3

(0.90) (0.90) (0.40)

100.0 † †

(0.00) (†) (†)

† 100.0 †

(†) (0.00) (†)

† † 100.0

(†) (†) (0.00)

Percent minority enrollment Less than 10.0 ...................................... 10.0 to 24.9........................................... 25.0 to 49.9........................................... 50.0 to 75.0........................................... More than 75.0......................................

180 197 147 136 349

(5.3) (6.3) (5.7) (4.8) (7.2)

41,115 45,279 43,462 36,986 99,878

(1,583.6) (2,163.2) (2,584.2) (1,976.3) (2,939.4)

228 230 295 272 286

(7.6) (8.6) (15.0) (11.1) (6.2)

17.8 19.5 14.6 13.5 34.6

(0.52) (0.62) (0.56) (0.48) (0.68)

15.4 17.0 16.3 13.9 37.4

(0.60) (0.76) (0.88) (0.71) (1.03)

72.9 71.7 74.3 70.2 76.2

(1.35) (1.36) (1.57) (1.86) (0.88)

17.7 18.3 14.8 22.0 13.4

(1.21) (1.22) (1.14) (1.64) (0.65)

9.4 10.0 10.9 7.8 10.4

(0.90) (0.94) (1.22) (1.09) (0.76)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. NOTE: This tabulation includes all public charter schools operating in the 1998–99 school year. Public charter schools that first opened in the 1999–2000 school year, or later, are not included in these data. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000, and “Charter School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared December 2002.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 173 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total..................................................

Total elementary and secondary schools Selected characteristic

Total, all schools

1

Traditional

Elementary schools

Public charter schools

Total, all schools

Traditional

Secondary schools Public charter schools

Total, all schools

Traditional

Combined elementary/secondary schools Public charter schools

Total, all schools

Traditional

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Number of schools...........................

84,735 (284.6)

83,725 (284.9)

1,010

(4.3)

60,485 (249.8)

59,900 (250.2)

586

(5.9)

20,885 (189.8)

20,651 (189.5)

235

(6.4)

3,364 (154.0)

3,174 (154.0)

Enrollment, in thousands .................

45,366 (322.6)

45,100 (323.0)

267

(4.0)

29,209 (242.5)

29,050 (242.6)

159

(2.2)

15,259 (205.3)

15,201 (204.9)

58

(3.0)

898

(50.8)

848

Public charter schools 13 190

(5.0)

(50.9)

50

(2.2)

Percentage distribution of students Race/ethnicity .................................. White, non-Hispanic..................... Black, non-Hispanic ..................... Hispanic ....................................... Asian/Pacific Islander................... American Indian/Alaska Native....

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

100.0 63.1 17.0 14.9 3.7 1.2

(0.00) (0.43) (0.28) (0.35) (0.13) (0.03)

100.0 63.2 16.9 14.9 3.7 1.2

(0.00) (0.43) (0.28) (0.35) (0.13) (0.03)

100.0 46.4 27.3 20.8 3.2 2.3

(0.00) (0.69) (0.57) (0.55) (0.17) (0.21)

100.0 61.4 18.1 15.8 3.6 1.2

(0.00) (0.55) (0.40) (0.45) (0.18) (0.04)

100.0 61.4 18.0 15.8 3.6 1.2

(0.00) (0.55) (0.40) (0.45) (0.18) (0.04)

100.0 44.7 31.0 19.5 3.3 1.5

(0.00) (0.78) (0.78) (0.66) (0.27) (0.11)

100.0 66.3 14.9 13.6 4.1 1.1

(0.00) (0.57) (0.40) (0.47) (0.20) (0.04)

100.0 66.4 14.9 13.6 4.1 1.1

(0.00) (0.57) (0.40) (0.47) (0.20) (0.04)

100.0 42.0 23.4 28.9 2.8 3.0

(0.00) (1.61) (1.30) (1.36) (0.22) (0.45)

100.0 68.0 17.3 9.5 1.8 3.4

(0.00) (1.64) (1.00) (0.64) (0.13) (0.40)

100.0 68.6 17.1 9.1 1.7 3.4

(0.00) (1.70) (1.04) (0.67) (0.13) (0.42)

100.0 57.0 19.9 15.5 3.5 4.1

(0.00) (1.62) (1.41) (1.00) (0.49) (0.92)

Race/ethnicity1 ................................ White, non-Hispanic..................... Black, non-Hispanic ..................... Hispanic ....................................... Asian/Pacific Islander................... American Indian/Alaska Native....

100.0 83.9 8.9 5.2 1.3 0.7

(0.00) (0.29) (0.22) (0.18) (0.06) (0.07)

100.0 83.9 8.9 5.2 1.3 0.7

(0.00) (0.29) (0.22) (0.18) (0.06) (0.07)

100.0 73.2 15.5 8.1 2.0 1.3

(0.00) (0.60) (0.50) (0.25) (0.11) (0.17)

100.0 82.9 9.6 5.5 1.3 0.7

(0.00) (0.41) (0.31) (0.24) (0.08) (0.10)

100.0 82.9 9.5 5.5 1.3 0.7

(0.00) (0.41) (0.32) (0.25) (0.08) (0.10)

100.0 73.5 16.3 7.5 2.0 0.7

(0.00) (0.59) (0.59) (0.33) (0.18) (0.07)

100.0 85.8 7.6 4.8 1.1 0.7

(0.00) (0.36) (0.22) (0.29) (0.06) (0.10)

100.0 85.8 7.6 4.8 1.1 0.7

(0.00) (0.36) (0.22) (0.29) (0.06) (0.10)

100.0 69.5 15.8 10.7 2.4 1.6

(0.00) (2.14) (2.00) (0.74) (0.23) (0.34)

100.0 84.5 9.7 3.4 1.1 1.3

(0.00) (1.10) (0.94) (0.27) (0.08) (0.20)

100.0 85.0 9.6 3.2 1.1 1.2

(0.00) (1.14) (0.98) (0.28) (0.08) (0.22)

100.0 75.9 12.8 7.1 1.7 2.5

(0.00) (1.17) (0.93) (0.47) (0.22) (0.70)

Years of full-time teaching experience ................................. Less than 3 .................................. 3 to 9............................................ 10 to 20........................................ More than 20................................

100.0 12.9 28.8 28.5 29.8

(0.00) (0.27) (0.36) (0.33) (0.34)

100.0 12.7 28.7 28.5 30.0

(0.00) (0.27) (0.37) (0.33) (0.34)

100.0 39.9 38.7 13.4 8.1

(0.00) (0.54) (0.46) (0.36) (0.33)

100.0 12.9 29.1 29.3 28.7

(0.00) (0.42) (0.54) (0.48) (0.48)

100.0 12.7 29.0 29.4 28.8

(0.00) (0.43) (0.54) (0.48) (0.48)

100.0 37.5 41.6 13.8 7.1

(0.00) (0.58) (0.51) (0.49) (0.36)

100.0 13.0 28.0 26.4 32.7

(0.00) (0.23) (0.35) (0.33) (0.38)

100.0 12.9 28.0 26.4 32.7

(0.00) (0.23) (0.35) (0.33) (0.38)

100.0 37.8 35.3 12.3 14.6

(0.00) (1.80) (1.31) (0.93) (1.31)

100.0 14.1 31.6 27.1 27.2

(0.00) (0.57) (0.90) (1.02) (1.16)

100.0 12.5 31.6 27.7 28.1

(0.00) (0.58) (0.94) (1.07) (1.21)

100.0 49.1 31.3 13.1 6.5

(0.00) (1.50) (1.04) (0.77) (0.79)

Size of enrollment............................ Less than 300 .............................. 300 to 599.................................... 600 to 999.................................... 1,000 or more ..............................

100.0 29.1 39.1 21.7 10.1

(0.00) (0.51) (0.58) (0.51) (0.26)

100.0 28.5 39.4 21.8 10.2

(0.00) (0.52) (0.59) (0.51) (0.27)

100.0 72.2 16.5 8.4 2.9

(0.00) (0.66) (0.55) (0.38) (0.20)

100.0 25.9 46.1 23.3 4.7

(0.00) (0.67) (0.79) (0.65) (0.31)

100.0 25.5 46.4 23.4 4.8

(0.00) (0.67) (0.80) (0.66) (0.31)

100.0 69.3 18.6 9.9 2.1

(0.00) (0.84) (0.76) (0.43) (0.22)

100.0 31.7 22.5 19.0 26.9

(0.00) (0.76) (0.69) (0.55) (0.65)

100.0 31.1 22.6 19.2 27.1

(0.00) (0.77) (0.89) (0.56) (0.66)

100.0 80.2 10.9 3.9 4.9

(0.00) (1.40) (1.12) (0.65) (0.70)

100.0 69.9 16.5 10.2 3.3

(0.00) (2.01) (1.20) (1.56) (0.34)

100.0 69.9 16.5 10.3 3.4

(0.00) (2.15) (1.29) (1.65) (0.36)

100.0 71.4 16.9 9.2 2.5

(0.00) (1.66) (1.37) (1.06) (0.46)

Percent minority enrollment ............. Less than 10.0 ............................. 10.0 to 24.9.................................. 25.0 to 49.9.................................. 50.0 to 74.9.................................. 75.0 or more ................................

100.0 38.0 17.4 16.5 11.6 16.5

(0.00) (0.49) (0.51) (0.58) (0.46) (0.49)

100.0 38.2 17.4 16.5 11.6 16.3

(0.00) (0.49) (0.51) (0.58) (0.47) (0.50)

100.0 17.8 19.5 14.6 13.0 35.1

(0.00) (0.53) (0.62) (0.56) (0.50) (0.69)

100.0 36.7 17.1 16.9 12.1 17.3

(0.00) (0.60) (0.66) (0.69) (0.60) (0.67)

100.0 36.8 17.1 16.9 12.1 17.1

(0.00) (0.61) (0.67) (0.70) (0.60) (0.67)

100.0 18.5 19.0 13.7 11.9 36.9

(0.00) (0.65) (0.76) (0.64) (0.59) (0.83)

100.0 42.9 19.0 15.5 10.0 12.6

(0.00) (0.72) (0.69) (0.66) (0.47) (0.44)

100.0 43.3 19.0 15.5 9.9 12.4

(0.00) (0.73) (0.69) (0.67) (0.48) (0.44)

100.0 14.3 18.2 14.3 17.8 35.3

(0.00) (1.28) (1.36) (1.28) (1.26) (1.60)

100.0 31.3 12.8 15.5 14.7 25.7

(0.00) (2.09) (1.06) (1.43) (1.53) (2.44)

100.0 32.0 12.2 15.4 15.0 25.4

(0.00) (2.22) (1.13) (1.51) (1.62) (2.58)

100.0 20.1 22.9 17.5 10.4 29.1

(0.00) (1.15) (1.41) (1.36) (1.09) (1.46)

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch............... Less than 15.0 ............................. 15.0 to 29.9.................................. 30.0 to 49.9.................................. 50.0 to 74.9.................................. 75.0 or more ................................

100.0 23.5 19.6 21.5 18.6 16.9

(0.00) (0.51) (0.53) (0.53) (0.48) (0.43)

100.0 23.4 19.7 21.5 18.6 16.7

(0.00) (0.52) (0.54) (0.54) (0.48) (0.43)

100.0 29.8 11.4 16.7 16.7 25.3

(0.00) (0.63) (0.41) (0.50) (0.51) (0.58)

100.0 20.5 19.1 22.0 20.1 18.3

(0.00) (0.63) (0.67) (0.68) (0.60) (0.56)

100.0 20.4 19.2 22.0 20.2 18.2

(0.00) (0.64) (0.68) (0.68) (0.60) (0.57)

100.0 30.2 11.6 16.7 14.8 26.8

(0.00) (0.83) (0.57) (0.61) (0.65) (0.76)

100.0 32.9 22.9 19.7 14.1 10.4

(0.00) (0.82) (0.76) (0.69) (0.71) (0.54)

100.0 32.9 23.0 19.7 14.1 10.3

(0.00) (0.83) (0.77) (0.70) (0.72) (0.55)

100.0 28.4 11.9 17.1 19.8 22.8

(0.00) (1.37) (0.90) (1.22) (1.33) (1.28)

100.0 18.1 8.5 23.2 19.3 30.8

(0.00) (2.19) (0.91) (1.84) (1.34) (2.15)

100.0 17.4 8.4 23.6 19.4 31.3

(0.00) (2.33) (0.96) (1.96) (1.42) (2.29)

100.0 30.3 10.5 16.5 19.0 23.7

(0.00) (1.43) (1.12) (1.20) (1.29) (1.42)

Percentage distribution of teachers

Percentage distribution of schools

See notes at end of table.

174 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 99. Traditional public and public charter elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics and percentage distribution: 1999–2000

Table 99. Traditional public and public charter elementary and secondary schools, by selected characteristics and percentage distribution: 1999–2000—Continued Total elementary and secondary schools Selected characteristic

Elementary schools

Total, all schools

Traditional

Public charter schools

2

3

4

1

Total, all schools 5

Secondary schools

Traditional

Public charter schools

Total, all schools

6

7

8

Combined elementary/secondary schools

Traditional

Public charter schools

Total, all schools

Traditional

Public charter schools

9

10

11

12

13

Percent of schools More than half of parents participated in: Open house or back to school night ....................................... Parent-teacher conferences......... Written parent-school contracts ... Instructional issues ...................... Governance ................................. School volunteers ........................

57.5 59.9 27.0 3.1 1.4 6.4

(0.70) (0.46) (0.61) (0.24) (0.18) (0.36)

57.5 59.9 26.7 3.1 1.3 6.2

(0.71) (0.46) (0.62) (0.25) (0.18) (0.37)

58.5 61.7 49.0 8.6 6.5 22.5

(0.76) (0.69) (0.72) (0.43) (0.34) (0.59)

69.1 71.9 30.5 3.7 1.6 8.5

(0.94) (0.60) (0.82) (0.33) (0.24) (0.50)

69.1 71.8 30.3 3.6 1.5 8.3

(0.95) (0.61) (0.83) (0.33) (0.24) (0.51)

75.2 79.8 54.3 12.0 8.9 30.6

(0.83) (0.66) (0.83) (0.61) (0.55) (0.87)

28.8 29.0 16.6 1.1 0.8 1.2

(0.83) (0.73) (0.72) (0.18) (0.14) (0.19)

28.8 29.0 16.3 1.1 0.8 1.1

(0.84) (0.73) (0.73) (0.18) (0.15) (0.19)

25.5 30.8 40.4 3.0 2.5 9.2

(1.43) (1.49) (1.58) (0.61) (0.54) (0.93)

27.3 36.0 27.3 5.5 1.1 2.1

(1.87) (2.52) (2.36) (0.81) (0.22) (0.32)

26.1 35.6 26.4 5.5 0.9 1.4

(1.95) (2.66) (2.51) (0.86) (0.22) (0.33)

47.5 43.9 43.1 5.0 4.3 14.2

(1.82) (1.80) (1.63) (0.91) (0.63) (1.20)

Programs with special instructional approaches................................

19.9

(0.55)

19.5

(0.56)

54.9

(0.72)

17.7

(0.66)

17.3

(0.67)

51.9

(0.87)

22.8

(0.90)

22.4

(0.91)

54.5

(1.62)

42.3

(2.44)

41.0

(2.59)

64.6

(1.65)

Talented/gifted program ...................

68.1

(0.62)

68.5

(0.63)

32.2

(0.63)

71.4

(0.76)

71.8

(0.77)

32.8

(0.78)

63.3

(0.83)

63.7

(0.84)

28.5

(1.49)

38.0

(2.41)

38.2

(2.55)

34.7

(1.65)

Immersion in a foreign language program .....................................

12.7

(0.44)

12.7

(0.44)

13.6

(0.53)

11.1

(0.58)

11.1

(0.58)

13.5

(0.69)

18.0

(0.64)

18.0

(0.64)

12.7

(1.39)

9.6

(0.83)

9.3

(0.86)

14.8

(1.20)

A program for students with discipline or adjustment problems....................................

48.5

(0.68)

48.6

(0.69)

45.6

(0.76)

43.7

(0.85)

43.7

(0.85)

37.8

(0.96)

60.4

(1.16)

60.5

(1.18)

58.9

(1.78)

61.8

(2.05)

62.3

(2.18)

52.9

(1.74)

Extended day or before-school or after-school day care programs

37.3

(0.64)

37.2

(0.65)

48.5

(0.78)

46.7

(0.89)

46.5

(0.90)

62.9

(0.89)

13.4

(0.59)

13.4

(0.59)

18.2

(1.43)

18.2

(1.48)

16.8

(1.54)

41.8

(1.85)

Advanced Placement (AP) courses

14.6

(0.21)

14.6

(0.21)

18.5

(0.69)

†

(†)

†

(†)

†

(†)

55.2

(0.84)

55.5

(0.85)

28.4

(1.45)

24.1

(1.73)

23.5

(1.82)

33.1

(1.60)

Entire school is for suspended students2 ...................................

2.8

(0.23)

2.8

(0.23)

6.3

(0.38)

†

(†)

†

(†)

†

(†)

5.3

(0.63)

5.1

(0.63)

17.9

(1.19)

27.8

(2.64)

28.9

(2.78)

9.6

(0.95)

Percent of schools with selected programs and services

NOTE: This tabulation includes all public charter schools operating in the 1998–99 school year. Public charter schools that first opened in the 1999–2000 school year, or later, are not included in these data. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000, and “Charter School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared December 2002.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 175 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

†Not applicable. 1Based on data reported by schools. 2 Entire school specifically for students who have been suspended or expelled, who have dropped out, or who have been referred for behavioral or adjustment problems.

All public schools

Type of school condition 1

Instructional level1 Elementary

2

Secondary

3

Estimated number of schools2 .................. 78,313 (632.0) 59,940 Estimated enrollment, in thousands ......... 45,000 (575.3) —

Size of school enrollment Less than 300

4

(—) 15,505 (†) —

300 to 599

5

(—) 18,095 (†) —

Metropolitan status 600 or more

6

(—) 31,942 (†) —

Central city

7

(—) 28,275 (†) —

Urban fringe/ large town

8

(—) 21,294 (†) —

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch Rural/ small town

9

(—) 27,846 (†) —

Less than 20 percent

10

(—) 29,173 (†) —

20 to 39 percent

11

(—) 21,216 (†) —

40 to 69 percent

12

(—) 20,915 (†) —

70 percent or more

13

(—) 20,947 (†) —

14

(—) 15,234 (†) —

(—) (†)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Percent of schools with temporary buildings .............................................

39

(2.0)

40

(2.5)

37

(2.9)

21

(4.3)

39

(3.1)

50

(2.5)

45

(3.6)

44

(3.1)

29

(2.9)

35

(3.3)

36

(3.0)

42

(3.7)

43

(4.6)

Percent of buildings in less than adequate condition Original buildings .................................. Permanent additions ............................. Temporary buildings..............................

19 16 19

(1.6) (1.8) (2.2)

19 17 18

(1.8) (2.1) (2.4)

21 14 21

(2.3) (2.5) (4.5)

22 16 —

(3.8) (3.5) (†)

19 17 22

(2.4) (2.7) (3.5)

18 14 20

(2.0) (2.4) (3.0)

20 18 19

(2.7) (3.6) (3.8)

18 17 18

(2.6) (2.8) (3.4)

19 14 19

(2.5) (2.5) (4.1)

20 8 17

(3.1) (2.3) (4.4)

18 13 16

(2.4) (3.3) (3.9)

16 16 19

(2.5) (3.2) (3.3)

25 30 25

(4.2) (5.1) (5.3)

50 22 14

(1.5) (1.7) (1.3)

49 22 14

(1.9) (1.9) (1.6)

56 26 16

(3.0) (3.1) (2.2)

55 24 19

(4.6) (3.8) (3.1)

50 22 12

(2.9) (2.9) (2.3)

49 22 14

(2.3) (1.9) (1.8)

56 23 12

(3.7) (3.2) (2.5)

44 19 13

(3.2) (2.6) (1.9)

52 25 17

(2.6) (2.9) (2.5)

45 18 14

(3.4) (2.9) (2.4)

45 21 11

(3.7) (2.8) (2.3)

53 22 16

(3.3) (2.9) (2.3)

63 32 17

(4.5) (4.6) (3.9)

24 17 25 29 22 17 20

(1.5) (1.4) (1.7) (1.5) (1.4) (1.5) (1.3)

23 17 24 28 21 17 19

(1.9) (1.7) (1.9) (1.8) (1.8) (1.9) (1.6)

27 20 28 34 25 19 22

(2.7) (2.3) (2.7) (2.5) (2.6) (2.3) (2.8)

31 20 28 29 23 19 26

(3.9) (3.2) (4.4) (3.8) (3.5) (3.2) (4.1)

21 16 27 32 21 17 21

(2.6) (2.4) (3.2) (2.9) (2.9) (2.7) (2.4)

23 18 20 26 22 16 16

(1.8) (2.1) (2.1) (1.8) (1.8) (1.8) (1.7)

27 20 28 30 26 18 21

(3.1) (3.2) (3.4) (3.0) (2.9) (2.7) (2.9)

21 16 21 27 21 15 17

(2.5) (2.1) (2.3) (2.5) (2.2) (2.0) (2.1)

25 17 26 31 19 20 23

(3.0) (2.4) (2.5) (2.7) (2.4) (2.3) (2.9)

21 17 23 28 18 14 16

(2.6) (2.5) (3.1) (3.0) (2.5) (2.1) (2.6)

21 14 23 26 20 15 18

(2.8) (2.4) (2.8) (2.7) (2.4) (2.3) (2.1)

25 14 23 29 21 18 22

(2.6) (2.6) (3.4) (2.8) (2.6) (2.7) (3.3)

30 26 32 35 30 24 27

(4.4) (4.2) (4.3) (4.2) (4.6) (5.2) (3.5)

Percent of schools with building features rated as less than adequate At least one feature less than adequate Roofs................................................. Framing, floors, and foundations ....... Exterior walls, finishes, windows, doors ........................................... Interior finishes, trim.......................... Plumbing ........................................... Heating, ventilation, air conditioning . Electric power.................................... Electrical lighting ............................... Life safety features ............................

Percent of schools needing to spend money to bring schools into good overall condition.................................. 76 Cost per student for all schools............. $2,900 Cost per student for schools needing to spend money .................................. $3,800

(1.5) 75 (159) $2,500

(1.7) 79 (159) $3,400

(2.8) 82 (379) $3,900

(3.6) 74 (602) $3,300

(2.3) 74 (376) $2,500

(2.0) 81 (220) $2,900

(2.7) 70 (327) $2,600

(3.1) 78 (251) $3,300

(2.1) 73 (339) $2,900

(3.2) 73 (292) $2,800

(3.2) 77 (301) $3,000

(2.7) 84 (424) $2,600

(3.4) (325)

(192) $3,500

(217) $4,300

(442) $4,800

(702) $4,600

(503) $3,300

(288) $3,500

(384) $3,800

(335) $4,400

(442) $4,100

(427) $3,900

(383) $3,900

(509) $3,200

(366)

Percent of schools rating environment factors as unsatisfactory At least one factor is unsatisfactory ...... Lighting ............................................. Heating.............................................. Ventilation.......................................... Indoor air quality ............................... Acoustics or noise-control................. Physical security of buildings ............

43 12 17 26 18 18 20

(1.6) (1.4) (1.3) (1.4) (1.3) (1.1) (1.2)

41 12 16 25 18 17 17

(2.1) (1.8) (1.6) (1.7) (1.6) (1.4) (1.5)

48 12 19 31 18 20 26

(2.8) (2.0) (2.5) (2.8) (2.4) (2.8) (3.1)

45 12 16 27 19 22 21

(4.6) (2.9) (3.3) (3.9) (3.4) (3.8) (3.6)

46 14 18 31 20 19 21

(3.0) (2.4) (2.5) (2.8) (2.3) (2.2) (2.4)

39 10 16 21 16 12 18

(2.0) (1.4) (1.6) (2.1) (1.7) (1.9) (1.7)

47 14 18 30 22 20 14

(3.8) (2.6) (2.6) (3.2) (3.2) (2.6) (2.6)

37 11 16 20 13 13 17

(2.9) (1.7) (2.1) (2.8) (2.3) (1.9) (2.1)

47 12 16 29 21 21 26

(2.9) (2.2) (2.2) (2.9) (2.4) (2.7) (2.7)

38 8 17 24 14 14 17

(3.4) (2.0) (2.7) (3.2) (2.3) (2.3) (2.0)

42 13 15 29 20 18 22

(3.2) (2.4) (2.1) (2.8) (3.0) (2.6) (2.7)

41 10 18 24 17 15 21

(3.6) (2.2) (2.7) (2.9) (2.6) (2.5) (3.0)

55 19 18 29 24 25 17

(4.4) (4.0) (3.2) (3.2) (3.5) (3.8) (3.6)

Average years since original construction

40

(0.8)

40

(1.0)

40

(1.6)

43

(1.7)

42

(1.5)

35

(1.0)

42

(1.2)

37

(1.1)

41

(1.5)

38

(1.6)

38

(1.6)

40

(1.4)

44

(1.7)

Average years since most recent renovation ...........................................

11

(0.6)

11

(0.6)

11

(0.9)

15

(1.4)

11

(1.0)

9

(0.6)

12

(1.2)

10

(0.8)

12

(0.9)

11

(1.0)

11

(1.0)

11

(1.0)

11

(1.5)

Average functional age3 of school ............

16

(0.6)

16

(0.8)

15

(0.8)

20

(1.6)

15

(1.1)

14

(0.8)

17

(1.3)

14

(0.8)

16

(1.1)

14

(1.0)

16

(1.1)

14

(1.1)

19

(1.6)

Distribution, by functional age3 ................. Less than 5 years old............................ 5 to 14 years old ................................... 15 to 34 years old ................................. 35 or more years old .............................

100 32 28 26 14

(0.0) (1.5) (1.5) (1.4) (1.4)

100 30 30 25 15

(0.0) (1.6) (1.9) (1.6) (1.7)

100 37 24 29 10

(0.0) (2.7) (2.8) (2.9) (2.0)

100 25 21 35 20

(0.0) (4.1) (3.7) (4.1) (3.6)

100 32 32 23 13

(0.0) (2.7) (2.7) (2.4) (2.5)

100 37 28 23 12

(0.0) (2.4) (2.4) (2.0) (1.8)

100 30 27 26 17

(0.0) (3.6) (3.1) (2.8) (2.9)

100 34 31 23 12

(0.0) (2.9) (2.7) (2.2) (1.9)

100 32 26 29 13

(0.0) (2.9) (2.7) (2.9) (2.4)

100 32 33 24 11

(0.0) (3.4) (3.7) (3.1) (2.2)

100 30 30 25 15

(0.0) (2.9) (3.0) (2.6) (2.7)

100 37 24 28 11

(0.0) (3.8) (3.0) (2.7) (2.2)

100 30 23 26 21

(0.0) (4.0) (3.7) (4.0) (3.9)

See notes at end of table.

176 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Schools and School Districts

Table 100. Percentage of public schools with building deficiencies and renovation plans, by level, enrollment size, metropolitan status, and free lunch eligibility: 1999

Table 100. Percentage of public schools with building deficiencies and renovation plans, by level, enrollment size, metropolitan status, and free lunch eligibility: 1999—Continued

Type of school condition 1

Instructional level1

Size of school enrollment

Metropolitan status

All public schools

Elementary

Secondary

Less than 300

300 to 599

600 or more

2

3

4

5

6

7

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch

Central city

Urban fringe/ large town

Rural/ small town

Less than 20 percent

20 to 39 percent

40 to 69 percent

70 percent or more

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

100 19 33 26 14 8

(0.0) (1.5) (1.7) (1.5) (1.2) (0.9)

100 17 31 28 15 8

(0.0) (1.7) (2.1) (2.0) (1.5) (1.1)

100 21 43 17 11 8

(0.0) (2.7) (3.0) (1.9) (1.9) (1.8)

100 41 30 16 10 4

(0.0) (5.0) (4.2) (3.4) (2.9) (1.6)

100 15 37 29 14 5

(0.0) (2.5) (2.8) (2.6) (2.5) (1.2)

100 8 31 30 18 14

(0.0) (1.4) (3.4) (2.0) (1.6) (1.8)

100 16 33 24 15 11

(0.0) (3.0) (3.3) (2.9) (1.8) (2.3)

100 12 36 28 17 8

(0.0) (2.0) (3.0) (2.8) (2.0) (1.6)

100 27 30 26 11 6

(0.0) (2.7) (3.2) (2.4) (2.4) (1.3)

100 15 38 24 16 6

(0.0) (2.4) (3.2) (3.3) (2.8) (1.6)

100 19 34 26 13 8

(0.0) (3.1) (3.2) (3.0) (2.4) (1.8)

100 15 33 29 16 7

(0.0) (2.7) (4.0) (3.4) (2.6) (2.0)

100 27 26 24 12 12

(0.0) (4.0) (4.1) (3.9) (2.6) (2.9)

Percent of schools with plans to make building improvements in next 2 years At least one major repair, renovation, or replacement planned ...................... Major repair or renovation planned ....... Replacement planned...........................

51 41 25

(1.6) (1.8) (1.2)

49 39 23

(2.2) (2.3) (1.6)

57 48 28

(3.1) (3.2) (2.6)

45 36 19

(4.4) (4.2) (3.2)

52 40 26

(2.9) (3.1) (2.2)

53 45 27

(2.4) (2.6) (2.1)

55 48 29

(3.8) (3.6) (3.2)

50 40 24

(3.3) (3.2) (2.4)

48 36 22

(3.2) (2.9) (2.2)

52 41 25

(3.8) (3.5) (3.4)

44 36 21

(3.1) (3.2) (2.7)

52 43 25

(3.4) (3.5) (3.2)

56 46 30

(3.9) (4.1) (3.7)

Percent of schools with construction projects planned in next 2 years Build permanent addition ...................... Install new temporary buildings.............

20 10

(1.4) (1.1)

19 10

(1.7) (1.3)

23 13

(2.8) (1.9)

17 6

(3.0) (1.9)

19 6

(2.4) (1.4)

24 18

(1.7) (2.1)

17 11

(2.0) (2.4)

25 13

(2.4) (1.7)

17 7

(2.0) (1.4)

23 10

(2.9) (2.1)

18 12

(2.5) (2.3)

21 10

(3.0) (2.1)

18 9

(3.3) (2.1)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Combined elementary/secondary schools are not shown separately, but are included under “All public schools,” and under other column variables. 2Excludes special education, vocational, and alternative schools, as well as those schools offering only preprimary education.

3

Functional age is defined as the age of the school based on the year of the most recent renovation or the year of construction of the main instructional building(s) if no renovation has occurred. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Fast Response Survey System (FRSS), “Condition of America’s Public School Facilities,” 1999, FRSS 73, 1999. (This table was prepared August 2000.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 177 Schools and School Districts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Percentage distribution of schools, by enrollment capacity............................. Underenrolled by more than 25 percent Underenrolled by 6 to 25 percent.......... Enrollment within 5 percent of capacity Overcrowded by 6 to 25 percent........... Overcrowded by more than 25 percent

178 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts

h c S h g i Table H 101. High school graduates, by sex and control of school: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2004–05 [Numbers in thousands] High school graduates Sex School year 1

Control

Total1

Males

Females

Public2

Private3

2

3

4

5

6

1869–70................................................................................................................. 1879–80................................................................................................................. 1889–90................................................................................................................. 1899–1900............................................................................................................. 1909–10.................................................................................................................

16 24 44 95 156

7 11 19 38 64

9 13 25 57 93

— — 22 62 111

— — 22 33 45

1919–20................................................................................................................. 1929–30................................................................................................................. 1939–40................................................................................................................. 1949–50.................................................................................................................

311 667 1,221 1,200

124 300 579 571

188 367 643 629

231 592 1,143 1,063

80 75 78 136

1959–60................................................................................................................. 1960–61................................................................................................................. 1961–62................................................................................................................. 1962–63.................................................................................................................

1,858 1,964 1,918 1,943

895 955 938 956

963 1,009 980 987

1,627 1,725 1,678 1,710

231 239 240 233

1963–64................................................................................................................. 1964–65................................................................................................................. 1965–66................................................................................................................. 1966–67................................................................................................................. 1967–68.................................................................................................................

2,283 2,658 2,665 2,672 2,695

1,120 1,311 1,323 1,328 1,338

1,163 1,347 1,342 1,344 1,357

2,008 2,360 2,367 2,374 2,395

275 298 298 298 300

1968–69................................................................................................................. 1969–70................................................................................................................. 1970–71................................................................................................................. 1971–72................................................................................................................. 1972–73.................................................................................................................

2,822 2,889 2,938 3,002 3,035

1,399 1,430 1,454 1,487 1,500

1,423 1,459 1,484 1,515 1,535

2,522 2,589 2,638 2,700 2,729

300 300 300 302 306

1973–74................................................................................................................. 1974–75................................................................................................................. 1975–76................................................................................................................. 1976–77................................................................................................................. 1977–78.................................................................................................................

3,073 3,133 3,148 3,152 3,127

1,512 1,542 1,552 1,548 1,531

1,561 1,591 1,596 1,604 1,596

2,763 2,823 2,837 2,837 2,825

310 310 311 315 302

1978–79................................................................................................................. 1979–80................................................................................................................. 1980–81................................................................................................................. 1981–82................................................................................................................. 1982–83.................................................................................................................

3,101 3,043 3,020 2,995 2,888

1,517 1,491 1,483 1,471 1,437

1,584 1,552 1,537 1,524 1,451

2,801 2,748 2,725 2,705 2,598

300 295 295 290 290

1983–84................................................................................................................. 1984–85................................................................................................................. 1985–86................................................................................................................. 1986–87................................................................................................................. 1987–88................................................................................................................. 1988–89................................................................................................................. 1989–90................................................................................................................. 1990–91................................................................................................................. 1991–92................................................................................................................. 1992–93.................................................................................................................

2,767 2,677 2,643 2,694 2,773 2,744 2,589 2,493 2,478 2,480

— — — — — — — — — —

— — — — — — — — — —

2,495 2,414 2,383 2,429 2,500 2,459 2,320 2,235 2,226 2,233

272 263 260 265 273 285 269 258 252 247

1993–94................................................................................................................. 1994–95................................................................................................................. 1995–96................................................................................................................. 1996–97................................................................................................................. 1997–98.................................................................................................................

2,464 2,520 2,518 2,612 2,704

— — — — —

— — — — —

2,221 2,274 2,273 2,358 2,439

243 246 245 254 265

1998–99................................................................................................................. 1999–2000............................................................................................................. 2000–01................................................................................................................. 2001–02................................................................................................................. 2002–03................................................................................................................. 2003–044 ............................................................................................................... 2004–054 ...............................................................................................................

2,759 2,833 2,848 2,908 3,021 3,063 3,089

— — — — — — —

— — — — — — —

2,486 2,554 2,569 2,622 2,720 2,758 2,780

273 279 279 286 301 305 309

—Not available. 1 Includes graduates of public and private schools. 2 Data for 1929–30 and preceding years are from Statistics of Public High Schools and exclude graduates from high schools that failed to report to the Office of Education. 3For most years, private school data have been estimated based on periodic private school surveys. 4Projected. NOTE: Includes graduates of regular day school programs. Excludes graduates of other programs, when separately reported, and recipients of high school equivalency certificates. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Annual Report of the Commissioner of Education, 1870 through 1910; Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1949–50; Statistics of State School Systems, 1951–52 through 1957–58; Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Systems, 1958–59 through 1980–81; Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1959 through 1980; Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1981–82 through 2003–04; Private School Universe Survey (PSS), 1989 through 2001; and Projections of Education Statistics to 2014. (This table was prepared January 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 179 High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts

Table 102. Public high school graduates, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2003–04

State or jurisdiction 1

1969–70

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1995–96

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–021

2002–03

Projected 2003–04, graduates

Percent change, 1990–91 to 2003–04

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States .......................

2,588,639

2,725,285

2,382,616

2,234,893

2,273,109

2,553,844

2,568,956

2,621,534

2,719,947

2,757,540

23.4

Alabama ....................................... Alaska........................................... Arizona ......................................... Arkansas....................................... California ......................................

45,286 3,297 22,040 26,068 260,908

44,894 5,343 28,416 29,577 242,172

39,620 5,464 27,533 26,227 229,026

39,042 5,458 31,282 25,668 234,164

35,043 5,945 30,008 25,094 259,071

37,819 6,615 38,304 27,335 309,866

37,082 6,812 46,773 27,100 315,189

35,887 6,945 47,175 26,984 325,895

36,741 7,297 49,986 27,555 341,097

37,610 7,100 57,010 26,890 342,580

-3.7 30.1 82.2 4.8 46.3

Colorado ....................................... Connecticut................................... Delaware....................................... District of Columbia2 ..................... Florida...........................................

30,312 34,755 6,985 4,980 70,478

35,897 38,369 7,349 4,848 88,755

32,621 33,571 5,791 3,875 83,029

31,293 27,290 5,223 3,369 87,419

32,608 26,319 5,609 2,696 89,242

38,924 31,562 6,108 2,695 106,708

39,241 30,388 6,614 2,808 111,112

40,760 32,327 6,482 3,090 119,537

42,379 33,667 6,817 2,725 127,484

42,920 34,380 6,840 3,150 129,020

37.2 26.0 31.0 -6.5 47.6

Georgia......................................... Hawaii ........................................... Idaho............................................. Illinois............................................ Indiana..........................................

56,859 10,407 12,296 126,864 69,984

62,963 11,472 12,679 136,795 73,381

59,082 9,958 12,059 114,319 59,817

60,088 8,974 11,961 103,329 57,892

56,271 9,387 14,667 104,626 56,330

62,563 10,437 16,170 111,835 57,012

62,499 10,102 15,941 110,624 56,172

65,983 10,452 15,874 116,657 56,722

66,890 10,013 15,858 117,507 57,897

69,720 10,300 15,460 121,270 57,610

16.0 14.8 29.3 17.4 -0.5

Iowa .............................................. Kansas.......................................... Kentucky ....................................... Louisiana ...................................... Maine............................................

44,063 33,394 37,473 43,641 14,003

42,635 29,397 41,714 46,199 15,554

34,279 25,587 37,288 39,965 13,006

28,593 24,414 35,835 33,489 13,151

31,689 25,786 36,641 36,467 11,795

33,926 29,102 36,830 38,430 12,211

33,774 29,360 36,957 38,314 12,654

33,789 29,541 36,337 37,905 12,593

34,860 29,963 37,654 37,610 12,947

33,820 30,040 36,170 36,220 13,380

18.3 23.0 0.9 8.2 1.7

Maryland....................................... Massachusetts.............................. Michigan ....................................... Minnesota ..................................... Mississippi ....................................

46,462 63,865 121,000 60,480 29,653

54,050 74,831 124,372 64,166 28,083

46,700 60,360 101,042 51,988 25,134

39,014 50,216 88,234 46,474 23,665

41,785 47,993 85,530 50,481 23,032

47,849 52,950 97,679 57,372 24,232

49,222 54,393 96,515 56,581 23,748

50,881 55,272 95,001 57,440 23,740

51,864 55,987 100,301 59,432 23,810

53,030 57,930 106,320 59,780 23,610

35.9 15.4 20.5 28.6 -0.2

Missouri ........................................ Montana........................................ Nebraska ...................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire ............................

55,315 11,520 21,280 5,449 8,516

60,359 11,634 21,411 9,069 11,552

49,204 9,761 17,845 8,784 10,648

46,928 9,013 16,500 9,370 10,059

49,011 10,139 18,014 10,374 10,094

52,848 10,903 20,149 14,551 11,829

54,138 10,628 19,658 15,127 12,294

54,487 10,554 19,910 16,270 12,452

56,925 10,657 20,161 16,378 13,210

56,980 10,520 20,020 16,220 13,250

21.4 16.7 21.3 73.1 31.7

New Jersey ................................... New Mexico .................................. New York....................................... North Carolina .............................. North Dakota ................................

86,498 16,060 190,000 68,886 11,150

93,168 17,915 198,465 69,395 9,924

78,781 15,468 162,165 65,865 7,610

67,003 15,157 133,562 62,792 7,573

67,704 15,402 134,401 57,014 8,027

74,420 18,031 141,731 62,140 8,606

76,130 18,199 141,884 63,288 8,445

77,664 18,094 140,139 65,955 8,114

81,391 16,923 143,818 69,696 8,169

88,330 18,050 150,880 71,380 7,790

31.8 19.1 13.0 13.7 2.9

Ohio .............................................. Oklahoma ..................................... Oregon.......................................... Pennsylvania................................. Rhode Island ................................

142,248 36,293 32,236 151,014 10,146

143,503 38,875 28,729 144,645 10,719

119,561 34,452 26,286 122,871 8,908

107,484 33,007 24,597 104,770 7,744

102,098 33,060 26,570 105,981 7,689

111,668 37,646 30,151 113,959 8,477

111,281 37,458 29,939 114,436 8,603

110,608 36,852 31,153 114,943 9,006

115,762 36,694 32,587 119,933 9,318

116,270 36,670 32,530 121,550 9,280

8.2 11.1 32.3 16.0 19.8

South Carolina.............................. South Dakota ................................ Tennessee .................................... Texas ............................................ Utah ..............................................

34,940 11,757 49,000 139,046 18,395

38,347 10,385 50,648 171,665 19,886

34,500 7,870 43,263 161,150 19,774

32,999 7,127 44,847 174,306 22,219

30,182 8,532 43,792 171,844 26,293

31,617 9,278 41,568 212,925 32,501

29,742 8,881 40,642 215,316 31,036

31,302 8,796 40,894 225,167 30,183

32,482 8,999 44,113 238,111 29,527

32,110 9,090 43,620 236,670 29,920

-2.7 27.5 -2.7 35.8 34.7

Vermont ........................................ Virginia.......................................... Washington................................... West Virginia................................. Wisconsin ..................................... Wyoming.......................................

6,095 58,562 50,425 26,139 66,753 5,363

6,424 67,126 50,046 23,580 67,743 6,161

5,794 63,113 45,805 21,870 58,340 5,587

5,212 58,441 42,514 21,064 49,340 5,728

5,867 58,166 49,862 20,335 52,651 5,892

6,675 65,596 57,597 19,437 58,545 6,462

6,856 66,067 55,081 18,440 59,341 6,071

7,083 66,519 58,311 17,128 60,575 6,106

6,970 72,943 60,435 17,287 63,272 5,845

7,030 71,740 60,410 17,070 62,270 5,730

34.9 22.8 42.1 -19.0 26.2 #

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

180 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts

Table 102. Public high school graduates, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2003–04—Continued Percent change, 1990–91 to 2003–04

1969–70

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1995–96

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–021

2002–03

Projected 2003–04, graduates

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Bureau of Indian Affairs ................

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools ..................... Domestic schools......................

— —

— —

— —

— —

2,674 —

2,642 560

2,621 568

2,554 565

3,231 —

— —

— —

367 972 — 24,917 3 432

— — — — —

608 840 — 31,597 1,044

597 1,014 273 29,329 981

719 987 325 29,499 937

698 1,406 360 30,856 1,060

722 1,371 361 30,154 966

823 — 416 30,278 883

832 1,502 422 31,408 886

— — — — —

— — — — —

State or jurisdiction 1

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ...................... Guam ........................................ Northern Marianas.................... Puerto Rico............................... Virgin Islands ............................

3

—Not available. #Rounds to zero. 1 Revised from previously published figures. 2Beginning in 1985–86, graduates from adult programs are excluded. 3Data are for 1970–71. NOTE: Data include graduates of regular day school programs, but exclude graduates of other programs and persons receiving high school equivalency certificates. Detail may

not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary Day Schools, 1969–70; Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1981–82 through 2003–04; and Projections of Education Statistics to 2014. (This table was prepared January 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 181 High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts

Table 103. Public high school graduates and dropouts, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02 Percent of 9th- to 12th-graders who dropped out during 2001–02, by race/ethnicity1

High school graduates, by race/ethnicity, 2001–02 American Indian/ Alaska Native

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

American Indian/ Alaska Native 13

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States2,3 .........

2,618,941

1,800,190

345,497

314,093

132,040

27,121

—

—

—

—

—

—

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

35,887 6,945 47,175 26,984 324,152

23,462 4,734 28,640 20,138 140,421

11,374 252 2,008 5,779 23,451

245 197 12,479 626 109,038

347 422 1,286 323 48,206

459 1,340 2,762 118 3,036

3.7 8.1 10.5 5.3 —

3.6 6.2 6.8 4.6 —

3.9 11.4 13.4 7.0 —

4.5 8.9 15.2 7.7 —

1.6 6.7 3.9 4.3 —

2.1 13.4 19.0 6.9 —

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware2 ........................... District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

40,760 32,327 6,482 3,090 119,537

31,506 24,721 4,358 128 70,862

1,798 3,617 1,683 2,684 24,960

5,700 2,886 241 209 20,067

1,442 1,029 185 66 3,345

314 74 15 3 303

— 2.6 6.2 — 3.7

— 1.9 4.6 — 3.0

— 4.0 9.0 — 4.9

— 5.3 11.6 — 4.5

— 2.4 3.5 — 1.9

— 4.9 5.1 — 3.6

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

65,983 10,452 15,874 116,657 56,722

40,801 2,013 14,296 82,454 49,846

21,357 167 76 16,294 4,650

1,593 467 1,063 12,242 1,428

2,151 7,771 248 5,234 657

81 34 191 433 141

6.5 5.1 3.9 6.4 2.3

5.8 5.5 — 3.7 2.1

7.6 5.5 — 13.6 3.1

9.8 6.4 — 10.4 4.0

3.6 4.9 — 2.6 1.1

7.5 6.6 — 5.7 2.8

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

33,789 29,541 36,337 37,905 12,593

31,608 25,219 32,556 21,252 12,201

756 1,856 3,151 15,322 110

660 1,498 249 484 61

657 685 350 622 144

108 283 31 225 77

2.4 3.1 3.9 7.0 2.8

2.1 2.6 3.8 5.0 2.8

6.8 5.3 5.3 9.5 4.4

7.1 5.9 4.0 6.9 3.7

2.7 2.4 1.7 5.1 2.7

6.6 5.4 0.0 7.3 5.0

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

50,881 55,272 95,001 57,440 23,740

29,363 44,973 77,947 51,052 12,174

16,745 3,944 11,619 2,122 11,195

1,890 3,526 2,284 1,032 120

2,725 2,693 2,250 2,573 219

158 136 901 661 32

3.9 — — 3.8 3.9

3.0 — — 2.7 3.1

5.5 — — 9.9 4.7

3.7 — — 14.5 4.1

1.4 — — 4.4 2.2

4.1 — — 14.2 2.2

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

54,487 10,554 19,910 16,270 12,452

45,627 9,537 17,851 10,879 —

7,195 34 796 1,285 —

696 158 756 2,728 —

821 112 357 1,123 —

148 713 150 255 —

3.6 3.9 4.2 6.4 4.0

3.2 3.2 3.1 5.0 3.9

5.8 6.7 11.3 8.9 6.5

5.8 5.2 11.7 9.3 7.8

1.6 2.0 3.3 5.2 3.2

4.8 10.3 11.9 5.6 7.5

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

77,664 18,094 140,139 65,955 8,114

50,347 — 94,528 44,888 7,564

11,909 — 19,686 17,385 58

9,657 — 15,524 1,559 68

5,619 — 9,946 1,410 62

132 — 455 713 362

2.5 5.2 7.1 5.7 2.0

1.5 3.5 3.3 4.9 1.5

4.9 2.6 12.9 7.0 2.7

4.7 6.4 14.2 9.4 3.4

0.9 3.4 5.9 3.7 1.9

2.2 5.8 9.4 9.9 8.0

Ohio2 .................................. Oklahoma ........................... Oregon2 .............................. Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

110,090 36,852 30,821 114,943 9,006

95,036 25,385 26,464 97,397 7,132

11,945 3,299 594 11,655 657

1,441 1,562 1,990 3,093 857

1,568 650 1,283 2,696 317

100 5,956 490 102 43

3.1 4.4 4.6 3.3 4.3

2.4 3.8 4.0 2.4 3.3

7.2 6.7 9.9 7.0 6.9

6.6 9.4 10.5 8.9 8.2

2.0 3.2 3.6 2.9 4.6

7.1 3.8 0.0 3.3 5.9

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

31,302 8,796 40,894 225,167 30,183

— 8,232 — 112,386 27,307

— 49 — 30,030 172

— 62 — 74,466 1,574

— 99 — 7,707 817

— 354 — 578 313

3.3 2.8 3.8 3.8 3.7

3.1 2.0 — 2.2 3.1

3.7 7.3 — 4.9 8.8

3.9 6.1 — 5.5 8.2

1.7 1.9 — 1.6 5.2

3.1 13.0 — 4.1 8.1

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

7,083 66,519 58,311 17,128 60,575 6,106

— 45,485 45,918 16,281 53,255 5,569

— 15,084 2,306 600 3,148 60

— 2,454 3,937 70 1,792 324

— 3,353 5,030 148 1,757 51

— 143 1,120 29 623 102

4.0 2.9 7.1 3.7 1.9 5.8

3.9 2.3 5.6 3.7 1.2 5.2

7.3 4.0 16.8 3.9 8.3 9.9

9.0 5.8 12.3 1.8 5.6 12.3

2.2 2.0 6.6 1.8 1.8 2.7

5.9 4.1 15.2 8.9 4.1 13.0

State or other jurisdiction 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

182 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts

Table 103. Public high school graduates and dropouts, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02—Continued Percent of 9th- to 12th-graders who dropped out during 2001–02, by race/ethnicity1

High school graduates, by race/ethnicity, 2001–02 American Indian/ Alaska Native

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Bureau of Indian Affairs schools .........................

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Department of Defense dependents schools Overseas schools .......... Domestic schools...........

2,052 498

1,130 193

417 101

163 187

342 17

0 0

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ........... Guam ............................. Northern Marianas......... Puerto Rico.................... Virgin Islands .................

823 — 416 30,278 883

0 — 1 0 3

0 — 0 0 811

0 — 0 30,278 68

823 — 415 0 0

0 — 0 0 1

1.1 — 7.1 1.2 —

— — 0.0 — —

— — 16.7 — —

— — — 1.2 —

1.1 — 7.2 — —

— — — — —

State or other jurisdiction 1

—Not available. 1Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Tennessee, Vermont, and Puerto Rico reported data on an alternative July through June cycle, rather than the specified October through September cycle for dropout data. 2Includes estimates for nonreporting states, based on 2001 12th-grade enrollment racial/ethnic distribution reported by state.

3Data

differ slightly from figures reported in other tables due to varying reporting practices for racial/ethnic survey data. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 2002–03, and “Local Education Agency Universe Survey Dropout and Completion Data File,” 2001–02; and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared January 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 183 High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts

Table 104. General Educational Development (GED) test takers and credentials issued, by age: 1971 through 2003

Year 1

Number of Number completing test battery test takers (in thousands)2 (in thousands)1

Number of Percentage distribution of credentials issued,4 by age credentials issued (in thousands)3 19 years old or less 20- to 24-year-olds 25- to 29-year-olds 30- to 34-year-olds 35 years old or over

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

19715 .................................. 19725 .................................. 19735 .................................. 1974.................................... 1975....................................

377 419 423 — —

— — — — —

227 245 249 294 340

— — — 35 33

— — — 27 26

— — — 13 14

— — — 9 9

— — — 17 18

1976.................................... 1977.................................... 1978.................................... 1979.................................... 1980....................................

— — — — —

— — — — —

333 332 381 426 479

31 40 31 37 37

28 24 27 28 27

14 13 13 12 13

10 8 10 13 8

17 14 18 11 15

1981.................................... 1982.................................... 1983.................................... 1984.................................... 1985....................................

— — — — —

— — — — —

489 486 465 427 413

37 37 34 32 32

27 28 29 28 26

13 13 14 15 15

8 8 8 9 10

14 15 15 16 16

1986.................................... 1987.................................... 1988.................................... 1989.................................... 1990....................................

— — — 632 714

— — — 541 615

428 444 410 357 410

32 33 35 35 36

26 24 22 24 25

15 15 14 13 13

10 10 10 — 10

17 18 18 — 15

1991.................................... 1992.................................... 1993.................................... 1994.................................... 1995....................................

755 739 746 774 787

657 639 651 668 682

462 457 469 491 504

33 33 33 36 38

28 28 27 25 25

13 13 13 13 13

10 9 10 9 9

16 17 16 15 15

1996.................................... 1997.................................... 1998.................................... 1999.................................... 2000....................................

824 785 776 808 811

716 681 673 702 699

488 460 481 498 487

39 43 44 44 45

25 24 24 25 25

13 12 11 11 11

9 8 7 7 7

14 13 13 13 13

2001.................................... 2002.................................... 2003....................................

1,016 557 657

928 467 552

648 330 387

41 49 47

26 25 26

11 10 10

8 6 7

14 11 11

—Not available. 1 Number of people taking the GED tests (one or more subtests). 2 Number of people completing the entire GED battery of five tests. 3Number of people receiving high school equivalency credentials based on the GED tests. 4 People who did not report their age were excluded from this calculation. Data for 1988 and prior years are for number of test takers and may not be comparable to data for later years. 5Includes other jurisdictions.

NOTE: Except where indicated, data are for United States only and exclude other jurisdictions. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: American Council on Education, General Educational Development Testing Service, Who Took the GED? Statistical Report, various years; General Educational Development Testing Service, Who Passed the GED Tests? 2002 Statistical Report, July 2005. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total Year 1

Male

Female

All races1

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic origin

All races1

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic origin

All races1

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Hispanic origin 13

19602 .............................

27.2

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

27.8

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

26.7

(—)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

19673 .............................

17.0

(—)

15.4

(—)

28.6

(—)

—

(†)

16.5

(—)

14.7

(—)

30.6

(—)

—

(†)

17.3

(—)

16.1

(—)

26.9

(—)

—

(†)

19683 .............................

16.2

(—)

14.7

(—)

27.4

(—)

—

(†)

15.8

(—)

14.4

(—)

27.1

(—)

—

(†)

16.5

(—)

15.0

(—)

27.6

(—)

—

(†)

19693 .............................

15.2

(—)

13.6

(—)

26.7

(—)

—

(†)

14.3

(—)

12.6

(—)

26.9

(—)

—

(†)

16.0

(—)

14.6

(—)

26.7

(—)

—

(†)

19703 .............................

15.0

(0.29)

13.2

(0.30)

27.9

(1.22)

—

(†)

14.2

(0.42)

12.2

(0.42)

29.4

(1.82)

—

(†)

15.7

(0.41)

14.1

(0.42)

26.6

(1.65)

—

(†)

1971 .............................

14.7

(0.28)

13.4

(0.29)

24.0

(1.14)

—

(†)

14.2

(0.41)

12.6

(0.41)

25.5

(1.70)

—

(†)

15.2

(0.40)

14.2

(0.42)

22.6

(1.54)

—

(†)

1972...............................

14.6

(0.28)

12.3

(0.29)

21.3

(1.07)

34.3

(2.22)

14.1

(0.40)

11.6

(0.40)

22.3

(1.59)

33.7

(3.23)

15.1

(0.39)

12.8

(0.41)

20.5

(1.44)

34.8

(3.05)

1973...............................

14.1

(0.27)

11.6

(0.28)

22.2

(1.06)

33.5

(2.24)

13.7

(0.38)

11.5

(0.39)

21.5

(1.53)

30.4

(3.16)

14.5

(0.38)

11.8

(0.39)

22.8

(1.47)

36.4

(3.16)

1974...............................

14.3

(0.27)

11.9

(0.28)

21.2

(1.05)

33.0

(2.08)

14.2

(0.39)

12.0

(0.40)

20.1

(1.51)

33.8

(2.99)

14.3

(0.38)

11.8

(0.39)

22.1

(1.45)

32.2

(2.90)

1975...............................

13.9

(0.27)

11.4

(0.27)

22.9

(1.06)

29.2

(2.02)

13.3

(0.37)

11.0

(0.38)

23.0

(1.56)

26.7

(2.84)

14.5

(0.38)

11.8

(0.39)

22.9

(1.44)

31.6

(2.86)

1976...............................

14.1

(0.27)

12.0

(0.28)

20.5

(1.00)

31.4

(2.01)

14.1

(0.38)

12.1

(0.39)

21.2

(1.49)

30.3

(2.94)

14.2

(0.37)

11.8

(0.39)

19.9

(1.35)

32.3

(2.76)

1977...............................

14.1

(0.27)

11.9

(0.28)

19.8

(0.99)

33.0

(2.02)

14.5

(0.38)

12.6

(0.40)

19.5

(1.45)

31.6

(2.89)

13.8

(0.37)

11.2

(0.38)

20.0

(1.36)

34.3

(2.83)

1978...............................

14.2

(0.27)

11.9

(0.28)

20.2

(1.00)

33.3

(2.00)

14.6

(0.38)

12.2

(0.40)

22.5

(1.52)

33.6

(2.88)

13.9

(0.37)

11.6

(0.39)

18.3

(1.31)

33.1

(2.78)

1979...............................

14.6

(0.27)

12.0

(0.28)

21.1

(1.01)

33.8

(1.98)

15.0

(0.39)

12.6

(0.40)

22.4

(1.52)

33.0

(2.83)

14.2

(0.37)

11.5

(0.38)

20.0

(1.35)

34.5

(2.77)

1980...............................

14.1

(0.26)

11.4

(0.27)

19.1

(0.97)

35.2

(1.89)

15.1

(0.39)

12.3

(0.40)

20.8

(1.47)

37.2

(2.72)

13.1

(0.36)

10.5

(0.37)

17.7

(1.28)

33.2

(2.61)

1981...............................

13.9

(0.26)

11.3

(0.27)

18.4

(0.93)

33.2

(1.80)

15.1

(0.38)

12.5

(0.40)

19.9

(1.40)

36.0

(2.61)

12.8

(0.35)

10.2

(0.36)

17.1

(1.24)

30.4

(2.48)

1982...............................

13.9

(0.27)

11.4

(0.29)

18.4

(0.97)

31.7

(1.93)

14.5

(0.40)

12.0

(0.42)

21.2

(1.50)

30.5

(2.73)

13.3

(0.38)

10.8

(0.40)

15.9

(1.26)

32.8

(2.71)

1983...............................

13.7

(0.27)

11.1

(0.29)

18.0

(0.97)

31.6

(1.93)

14.9

(0.41)

12.2

(0.43)

19.9

(1.46)

34.3

(2.84)

12.5

(0.37)

10.1

(0.39)

16.2

(1.28)

29.1

(2.61)

1984...............................

13.1

(0.27)

11.0

(0.29)

15.5

(0.91)

29.8

(1.91)

14.0

(0.40)

11.9

(0.43)

16.8

(1.37)

30.6

(2.78)

12.3

(0.37)

10.1

(0.39)

14.3

(1.22)

29.0

(2.63)

1985...............................

12.6

(0.27)

10.4

(0.29)

15.2

(0.92)

27.6

(1.93)

13.4

(0.40)

11.1

(0.42)

16.1

(1.37)

29.9

(2.76)

11.8

(0.37)

9.8

(0.39)

14.3

(1.23)

25.2

(2.68)

1986...............................

12.2

(0.27)

9.7

(0.28)

14.2

(0.90)

30.1

(1.88)

13.1

(0.40)

10.3

(0.42)

15.0

(1.33)

32.8

(2.66)

11.4

(0.37)

9.1

(0.39)

13.5

(1.21)

27.2

(2.63)

1987...............................

12.6

(0.28)

10.4

(0.30)

14.1

(0.90)

28.6

(1.84)

13.2

(0.40)

10.8

(0.43)

15.0

(1.35)

29.1

(2.57)

12.1

(0.38)

10.0

(0.41)

13.3

(1.21)

28.1

(2.64)

1988...............................

12.9

(0.30)

9.6

(0.31)

14.5

(1.00)

35.8

(2.30)

13.5

(0.44)

10.3

(0.46)

15.0

(1.48)

36.0

(3.19)

12.2

(0.42)

8.9

(0.43)

14.0

(1.36)

35.4

(3.31)

1989...............................

12.6

(0.31)

9.4

(0.32)

13.9

(0.98)

33.0

(2.19)

13.6

(0.45)

10.3

(0.47)

14.9

(1.46)

34.4

(3.08)

11.7

(0.42)

8.5

(0.43)

13.0

(1.32)

31.6

(3.11)

1990...............................

12.1

(0.29)

9.0

(0.30)

13.2

(0.94)

32.4

(1.91)

12.3

(0.42)

9.3

(0.44)

11.9

(1.30)

34.3

(2.71)

11.8

(0.41)

8.7

(0.42)

14.4

(1.34)

30.3

(2.70)

3

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1991...............................

12.5

(0.30)

8.9

(0.31)

13.6

(0.95)

35.3

(1.93)

13.0

(0.43)

8.9

(0.44)

13.5

(1.37)

39.2

(2.74)

11.9

(0.41)

8.9

(0.43)

13.7

(1.31)

31.1

(2.70)

19924 .............................

11.0

(0.28)

7.7

(0.29)

13.7

(0.95)

29.4

(1.86)

11.3

(0.41)

8.0

(0.42)

12.5

(1.32)

32.1

(2.67)

10.7

(0.39)

7.4

(0.40)

14.8

(1.36)

26.6

(2.56)

19934 .............................

11.0

(0.28)

7.9

(0.29)

13.6

(0.94)

27.5

(1.79)

11.2

(0.40)

8.2

(0.42)

12.6

(1.32)

28.1

(2.54)

10.9

(0.40)

7.6

(0.41)

14.4

(1.34)

26.9

(2.52)

19944 .............................

11.4

(0.26)

7.7

(0.27)

12.6

(0.75)

30.0

(1.16)

12.3

(0.38)

8.0

(0.38)

14.1

(1.14)

31.6

(1.60)

10.6

(0.36)

7.5

(0.37)

11.3

(0.99)

28.1

(1.66)

19954 .............................

12.0

(0.27)

8.6

(0.28)

12.1

(0.74)

30.0

(1.15)

12.2

(0.38)

9.0

(0.40)

11.1

(1.05)

30.0

(1.59)

11.7

(0.37)

8.2

(0.39)

12.9

(1.05)

30.0

(1.66)

See notes at end of table.

184 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts

Table 105. Percentage of high school dropouts (status dropouts) among persons 16 to 24 years old, by sex and race/ethnicity: 1960 through 2004

Table 105. Percentage of high school dropouts (status dropouts) among persons 16 to 24 years old, by sex and race/ethnicity: 1960 through 2004—Continued Total Year 1 4

Male

All races1

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic origin

2

3

4

5

Female

All races1

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic origin

6

7

8

9

All races1

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic origin

10

11

12

13

1996 .............................

11.1

(0.27)

7.3

(0.27)

13.0

(0.80)

29.4

(1.19)

11.4

(0.38)

7.3

(0.38)

13.5

(1.18)

30.3

(1.67)

10.9

(0.38)

7.3

(0.39)

12.5

(1.08)

28.3

(1.69)

19974 .............................

11.0

(0.27)

7.6

(0.28)

13.4

(0.80)

25.3

(1.11)

11.9

(0.39)

8.5

(0.41)

13.3

(1.16)

27.0

(1.55)

10.1

(0.36)

6.7

(0.37)

13.5

(1.11)

23.4

(1.59)

19984 .............................

11.8

(0.27)

7.7

(0.28)

13.8

(0.81)

29.5

(1.12)

13.3

(0.40)

8.6

(0.41)

15.5

(1.24)

33.5

(1.59)

10.3

(0.36)

6.9

(0.37)

12.2

(1.05)

25.0

(1.56)

19994 .............................

11.2

(0.26)

7.3

(0.27)

12.6

(0.77)

28.6

(1.11)

11.9

(0.38)

7.7

(0.39)

12.1

(1.10)

31.0

(1.58)

10.5

(0.36)

6.9

(0.37)

13.0

(1.08)

26.0

(1.54)

20004 .............................

10.9

(0.26)

6.9

(0.26)

13.1

(0.78)

27.8

(1.08)

12.0

(0.38)

7.0

(0.37)

15.3

(1.20)

31.8

(1.56)

9.9

(0.35)

6.9

(0.37)

11.1

(1.00)

23.5

(1.48) (1.42)

20014 .............................

10.7

(0.25)

7.3

(0.26)

10.9

(0.71)

27.0

(1.06)

12.2

(0.38)

7.9

(0.39)

13.0

(1.12)

31.6

(1.55)

9.3

(0.34)

6.7

(0.36)

9.0

(0.90)

22.1

20024 .............................

10.5

(0.24)

6.5

(0.24)

11.3

(0.70)

25.7

(0.93)

11.8

(0.35)

6.7

(0.35)

12.8

(1.07)

29.6

(1.32)

9.2

(0.32)

6.3

(0.34)

9.9

(0.91)

21.2

(1.27)

20034,5 ...........................

9.9

(0.23)

6.3

(0.24)

10.9

(0.69)

23.5

(0.90)

11.3

(0.34)

7.1

(0.35)

12.5

(1.05)

26.7

(1.29)

8.4

(0.30)

5.6

(0.32)

9.5

(0.89)

20.1

(1.23)

20044,5 ...........................

10.3

(0.23)

6.8

(0.24)

11.8

(0.70)

23.8

(0.89)

11.6

(0.34)

7.1

(0.35)

13.5

(1.08)

28.5

(1.30)

9.0

(0.31)

6.4

(0.34)

10.2

(0.92)

18.5

(1.18)

NOTE: “Status” dropouts are 16- to 24-year-olds who are not enrolled in school and who have not completed a high school program regardless of when they left school. People who have received GED credentials are counted as high school completers. All data except for 1960 are based on October counts. Data are based on sample surveys of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 1967 through October 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 185 High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Includes other racial/ethnic categories not separately shown. 2Based on the April 1960 decennial census. 3White and Black include persons of Hispanic origin. 4 Because of changes in data collection procedures, data may not be comparable with figures for years prior to 1992. 5White, non-Hispanic and Black, non-Hispanic categories exclude persons identifying themselves as more than one race.

Year

Dropout rate of 16- to 24-year-olds 2

1

Dropout rate of 16- to 24-year-olds, by family income quartile

Percentage distribution of dropouts, by labor force status

Lowest quartile

Middle low quartile

Middle high quartile

Highest quartile

Total

Employed1

3

4

5

6

7

8

Percentage distribution of dropouts, by years of school completed

Unemployed

Not in labor force

Total

Less than 9

9

10

9

10

11

12

13

14

11 or 12 15

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1970............................ 1971............................ 1972............................ 1973............................ 1974............................

15.0 14.7 14.6 14.1 14.3

(0.27) (0.26) (0.28) (0.27) (0.27)

28.0 28.8 27.6 28.0 —

(0.85) (0.83) (0.79) (0.78) (†)

21.2 20.7 20.8 19.6 —

(0.60) (0.58) (0.58) (0.56) (†)

11.7 10.9 10.2 9.9 —

(0.46) (0.45) (0.42) (0.41) (†)

5.2 5.1 5.4 4.9 —

(0.31) (0.30) (0.31) (0.29) (†)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

49.8 49.5 51.2 53.2 51.8

(0.98) (0.97) (0.95) (0.96) (0.94)

10.3 10.9 10.2 9.2 12.3

(0.59) (0.60) (0.58) (0.55) (0.62)

39.9 39.6 38.6 37.5 35.9

(0.96) (0.94) (0.93) (0.93) (0.91)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

28.5 27.9 27.5 26.5 25.4

(0.88) (0.87) (0.85) (0.84) (0.82)

20.6 21.7 20.8 20.9 20.1

(0.79) (0.80) (0.77) (0.78) (0.76)

26.8 27.8 29.0 27.4 28.7

(0.87) (0.86) (0.86) (0.85) (0.85)

24.0 22.7 22.7 25.3 25.8

(0.84) (0.81) (0.80) (0.83) (0.83)

1975............................ 1976............................ 1977............................ 1978............................ 1979............................

13.9 14.1 14.1 14.2 14.6

(0.27) (0.27) (0.27) (0.27) (0.27)

28.8 28.1 28.5 28.2 28.1

(0.76) (0.73) (0.74) (0.74) (0.73)

18.0 19.2 19.0 18.9 18.5

(0.54) (0.55) (0.55) (0.56) (0.55)

10.2 10.1 10.4 10.5 11.5

(0.42) (0.42) (0.42) (0.42) (0.44)

5.0 4.9 4.5 5.5 5.6

(0.28) (0.27) (0.27) (0.29) (0.29)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

46.0 48.8 52.9 54.3 54.0

(0.94) (0.93) (0.94) (0.93) (0.92)

15.6 16.0 13.6 12.4 12.7

(0.69) (0.68) (0.64) (0.61) (0.61)

38.4 35.2 33.6 33.3 33.3

(0.92) (0.89) (0.89) (0.88) (0.87)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

23.5 24.3 24.3 22.9 22.6

(0.80) (0.80) (0.81) (0.78) (0.77)

21.1 20.1 21.7 20.2 21.0

(0.77) (0.75) (0.78) (0.75) (0.75)

27.5 27.8 27.3 28.2 28.6

(0.85) (0.83) (0.84) (0.84) (0.83)

27.9 27.8 26.6 28.8 27.8

(0.85) (0.83) (0.83) (0.84) (0.82)

1980............................ 1981............................ 1982............................ 1983............................ 1984............................

14.1 13.9 13.9 13.7 13.1

(0.26) (0.26) (0.27) (0.27) (0.27)

27.0 26.4 27.2 26.5 25.9

(0.71) (0.70) (0.72) (0.71) (0.70)

18.1 17.8 18.3 17.8 16.5

(0.55) (0.53) (0.58) (0.58) (0.57)

10.7 11.1 10.2 10.5 9.9

(0.43) (0.43) (0.44) (0.46) (0.44)

5.7 5.2 4.4 4.1 3.8

(0.29) (0.28) (0.27) (0.27) (0.26)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

50.4 49.8 45.2 48.4 49.7

(0.93) (0.93) (0.98) (1.00) (1.03)

17.0 18.3 21.1 18.2 17.3

(0.70) (0.72) (0.80) (0.77) (0.78)

32.6 31.9 33.7 33.4 32.9

(0.88) (0.87) (0.93) (0.94) (0.97)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

23.6 24.3 22.9 23.0 23.6

(0.79) (0.80) (0.83) (0.84) (0.88)

19.7 18.6 20.8 19.3 21.4

(0.74) (0.72) (0.80) (0.79) (0.85)

29.8 30.2 28.8 28.8 27.5

(0.85) (0.85) (0.89) (0.91) (0.92)

27.0 26.9 27.6 28.8 27.5

(0.83) (0.82) (0.88) (0.91) (0.92)

1985............................ 1986............................ 1987............................ 1988............................ 1989............................

12.6 12.2 12.6 12.9 12.6

(0.27) (0.27) (0.28) (0.30) (0.31)

27.1 25.4 25.5 27.2 25.0

(0.72) (0.70) (0.71) (0.80) (0.79)

14.7 14.8 16.6 15.4 16.2

(0.55) (0.56) (0.58) (0.64) (0.66)

8.3 8.0 8.0 8.2 8.7

(0.42) (0.41) (0.43) (0.48) (0.49)

4.0 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.3

(0.27) (0.26) (0.26) (0.29) (0.29)

100.0 100.0 100.0 52.9 100.0

50.1 51.1 52.4 52.9 53.2

(1.07) (1.09) (1.08) (1.19) (1.22)

17.5 16.4 13.6 ‡ 13.8

(0.81) (0.81) (0.74) (†) (0.84)

32.4 32.5 34.0 ‡ 33.0

(1.00) (1.02) (1.02) (†) (1.15)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

23.9 25.4 25.9 28.9 29.4

(0.91) (0.95) (0.94) (1.08) (1.11)

21.0 21.5 20.7 19.3 20.8

(0.87) (0.90) (0.87) (0.94) (0.99)

27.9 25.7 26.0 25.1 24.9

(0.96) (0.95) (0.95) (1.04) (1.06)

27.2 27.4 27.5 26.8 25.0

(0.95) (0.97) (0.96) (1.06) (1.06)

1990............................ 1991............................ 19922 .......................... 19932 .......................... 19942 ..........................

12.1 12.5 11.0 11.0 11.4

(0.29) (0.30) (0.28) (0.28) (0.26)

24.3 25.9 23.4 22.9 20.7

(0.76) (0.77) (0.73) (0.72) (0.71)

15.1 15.5 12.9 12.7 13.7

(0.60) (0.61) (0.57) (0.57) (0.59)

8.7 7.7 7.3 6.6 8.7

(0.47) (0.45) (0.45) (0.43) (0.46)

2.9 3.0 2.4 2.9 4.9

(0.26) (0.27) (0.24) (0.27) (0.33)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

52.5 47.5 47.6 48.7 49.5

(1.20) (1.18) (1.26) (1.27) (1.22)

13.3 15.8 15.0 12.8 13.0

(0.81) (0.86) (0.90) (0.85) (0.82)

34.2 36.7 37.4 38.5 37.5

(1.14) (1.14) (1.22) (1.23) (1.18)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

28.6 28.6 21.6 20.5 23.9

(1.08) (1.07) (1.04) (1.02) (1.04)

20.9 20.5 17.5 16.6 16.2

(0.97) (0.96) (0.96) (0.94) (0.90)

24.4 26.1 24.4 24.1 20.3

(1.03) (1.04) (1.09) (1.08) (0.98)

26.1 24.9 36.5 38.8 39.6

(1.05) (1.02) (1.22) (1.23) (1.19)

19952 .......................... 19962 .......................... 19972 .......................... 19982 .......................... 19992 ..........................

12.0 11.1 11.0 11.8 11.2

(0.27) (0.27) (0.27) (0.27) (0.26)

23.2 22.0 21.8 22.3 21.0

(0.70) (0.72) (0.71) (0.71) (0.70)

13.8 13.6 13.5 14.9 14.3

(0.59) (0.60) (0.59) (0.62) (0.60)

8.3 7.0 6.2 7.7 7.4

(0.47) (0.45) (0.42) (0.45) (0.44)

3.6 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.9

(0.29) (0.28) (0.29) (0.29) (0.30)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

48.9 47.3 53.3 55.1 55.6

(1.19) (1.28) (1.28) (1.22) (1.24)

14.2 15.0 13.2 10.3 10.0

(0.83) (0.91) (0.86) (0.74) (0.75)

37.0 37.7 33.5 34.6 34.4

(1.15) (1.24) (1.21) (1.17) (1.18)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

22.2 20.3 19.9 21.0 22.2

(0.99) (1.03) (1.02) (1.00) (1.03)

17.0 17.7 15.7 14.9 16.3

(0.90) (0.98) (0.93) (0.87) (0.92)

22.5 22.6 22.3 21.4 22.5

(1.00) (1.07) (1.06) (1.01) (1.04)

38.3 39.4 42.1 42.6 39.0

(1.16) (1.25) (1.26) (1.21) (1.21)

20002 .......................... 20012 .......................... 20022 .......................... 20032 .......................... 20042 ..........................

10.9 10.7 10.5 9.9 10.3

(0.26) (0.25) (0.24) (0.23) (0.23)

20.7 19.3 18.8 19.5 17.7

(0.70) (0.68) (0.62) (0.64) (0.60)

12.8 13.4 12.3 10.8 12.5

(0.56) (0.57) (0.53) (0.49) (0.52)

8.3 9.0 8.4 7.3 8.7

(0.46) (0.47) (0.43) (0.40) (0.43)

3.5 3.2 3.8 3.4 3.5

(0.29) (0.27) (0.28) (0.26) (0.27)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

56.9 58.3 57.4 53.5 53.0

(1.24) (1.24) (1.18) (1.22) (1.19)

12.3 14.8 13.3 13.7 14.3

(0.82) (0.89) (0.81) (0.84) (0.83)

30.8 26.9 29.2 32.9 32.7

(1.16) (1.11) (1.09) (1.15) (1.12)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

21.5 18.4 22.8 21.2 21.4

(1.03) (0.97) (1.00) (1.00) (0.97)

15.3 16.8 17.1 18.2 15.9

(0.90) (0.94) (0.90) (0.94) (0.87)

23.1 23.8 21.3 20.7 22.5

(1.06) (1.07) (0.98) (0.99) (0.99)

40.0 40.9 38.9 40.0 40.3

(1.23) (1.23) (1.17) (1.20) (1.17)

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Includes persons employed, but not currently working. 2 Data may not be comparable with figures for earlier years because of changes in data collection procedures.

NOTE: “Status” dropouts are 16- to 24-year-olds who are not enrolled in school and who have not completed a high school program, regardless of when they left school. People who have received GED credentials are counted as high school completers. Data are based on sample surveys of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 1970 through October 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

186 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts

Table 106. Percentage of high school dropouts (status dropouts) among persons 16 to 24 years old, by income level, and percentage distribution of dropouts, by labor force status and educational attainment: 1970 through 2004

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 187 High School Seniors, Completions, and Dropouts _

Table 107. Number of students with disabilities exiting special education, by basis of exit, age, and type of disability: United States and other jurisdictions, 2001–02 and 2002–03

Age and type of disability 1

Total exiting special education

Graduated with diploma

2

3

Received a certificate of Reached attendance maximum age1 4

No longer receives special education

5

Died

Moved, known to continue

Moved, not known to continue

Dropped out2

6

7

8

9

10

2001–02 Total, 14 and over .......................

596,233

190,951

35,610

4,790

65,744

1,841

157,082

60,471

79,744

Age 14..................................................... 15..................................................... 16..................................................... 17..................................................... 18..................................................... 19..................................................... 20..................................................... 21 and over ......................................

67,990 70,454 79,519 131,428 151,207 62,557 17,523 15,555

— — 1,506 52,906 87,936 36,059 7,579 4,965

131 123 370 6,109 14,376 8,225 3,050 3,226

— — — — — — 559 4,231

17,880 14,941 13,410 10,836 6,169 1,742 481 285

292 316 356 323 285 117 76 76

36,565 37,056 34,578 26,921 14,654 4,482 1,783 1,043

10,427 12,074 13,106 11,861 7,590 3,174 1,433 806

2,695 5,944 16,193 22,472 20,197 8,758 2,562 923

Type of disability Specific learning disabilities............. Mental retardation............................ Emotional disturbance ..................... Speech or language impairments .... Multiple disabilities........................... Other health impairments ................ Hearing impairments ....................... Orthopedic impairments .................. Visual impairments .......................... Autism .............................................. Deaf-blindness ................................. Traumatic brain injury.......................

350,422 66,013 95,457 20,495 10,789 31,435 6,610 6,300 2,543 3,198 231 2,740

128,776 17,702 16,539 4,346 3,347 10,881 3,080 2,433 1,322 1,142 81 1,302

15,745 12,147 2,837 584 1,229 1,161 485 614 163 480 18 147

1,140 1,979 388 59 652 112 55 116 28 193 19 49

39,786 2,340 7,105 8,846 424 5,431 486 782 192 149 17 186

588 374 200 18 260 212 15 101 21 24 2 26

84,333 16,885 36,833 3,852 2,954 7,617 1,521 1,204 485 816 49 533

34,124 5,268 14,272 1,499 808 2,926 485 487 157 230 18 197

45,930 9,318 17,283 1,291 1,115 3,095 483 563 175 164 27 300

Total, 14 and over .......................

615,894

195,090

47,649

5,035

67,807

1,867

172,135

44,576

81,735

Age 14..................................................... 15..................................................... 16..................................................... 17..................................................... 18..................................................... 19..................................................... 20..................................................... 21 and over ......................................

69,321 71,404 81,182 144,799 156,966 58,691 18,206 15,325

— — 1,572 60,211 89,373 32,442 7,342 4,150

60 66 429 10,709 19,882 8,953 3,832 3,718

— — — — — — 820 4,215

18,426 15,673 14,142 11,103 6,049 1,671 469 274

268 301 379 354 253 131 104 77

39,829 40,289 38,599 30,569 15,580 4,610 1,677 982

8,012 8,780 9,327 8,521 5,535 2,359 1,248 794

2,726 6,295 16,734 23,332 20,294 8,525 2,714 1,115

Type of disability Specific learning disabilities............. Mental retardation............................ Emotional disturbance ..................... Speech or language impairments .... Multiple disabilities........................... Other health impairments ................ Hearing impairments ....................... Orthopedic impairments .................. Visual impairments .......................... Autism .............................................. Deaf-blindness ................................. Traumatic brain injury.......................

359,616 68,673 95,658 21,777 11,102 36,613 6,541 6,318 2,396 4,066 182 2,952

129,984 17,846 17,331 4,859 3,414 12,251 2,974 2,390 1,194 1,431 71 1,345

23,362 14,149 3,611 694 1,398 2,039 589 660 227 696 14 210

1,053 2,185 417 58 674 122 48 130 39 236 8 65

40,258 2,314 7,179 9,561 448 6,163 566 654 196 242 13 213

613 370 206 36 234 221 11 109 14 32 4 17

92,797 17,943 39,532 4,008 3,112 9,703 1,503 1,437 458 989 37 616

24,903 4,743 9,584 1,093 745 2,289 360 318 109 233 14 185

46,646 9,123 17,798 1,468 1,077 3,825 490 620 159 207 21 301

2002–03

—Not available. 1The upper age mandate for providing special education and related services as defined by state law, practice, or court order. 2 “Dropped out” is defined as the total who were enrolled at some point in the reporting year, were not enrolled at the end of the reporting year, and did not exit through any of the other

bases described. This category includes dropouts, runaways, GED recipients, expulsions, status unknown, and other exiters. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) database. Retrieved April 18, 2005, from http://www.ideadata.org/ tables26th/ar_ad2.htm and http://www.ideadata.org/tables27th/ar_ad2.htm. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Selected student and school characteristic 1 9-year-olds All students ............................

1971

1975

1980

1984

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1999

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12 (1.1)

208

(1.0)

210

(0.7)

215

(1.0)

211

(0.8)

212

(1.1)

209

(1.2)

211

(0.9)

211

(1.2)

212

(1.0)

212

(1.3)

219

201

(1.1)

204

(0.8)

210

(1.1)

207

(1.0)

207

(1.4)

204

(1.7)

206

(1.3)

207

(1.3)

207

(1.4)

209

(1.6)

216

(1.4)

Sex Male ........................................... Female .......................................

214

(1.0)

216

(0.8)

220

(1.1)

214

(0.9)

216

(1.3)

215

(1.2)

215

(0.9)

215

(1.4)

218

(1.1)

215

(1.5)

221

(1.0)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic...................

214

(0.9)

217

(0.7)

221

(0.8)

218

(0.9)

218

(1.4)

217

(1.3)

218

(1.0)

218

(1.3)

220

(1.2)

221

(1.6)

226

(1.1)

Black, non-Hispanic ...................

170

(1.7)

181

(1.2)

189

(1.8)

186

(1.3)

189

(2.4)

182

(2.9)

185

(2.2)

185

(2.3)

191

(2.6)

186

(2.3)

200

(2.2)

Hispanic .....................................

1

(†)

183

(2.2)

190

(2.3)

187

(3.0)

194

(3.5)

189

(2.3)

192

(3.1)

186

(3.9)

195

(3.4)

193

(2.7)

205

(1.7)

Region

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Northeast ...................................

213

(1.7)

215

(1.3)

221

(2.1)

216

(2.2)

215

(2.6)

217

(2.2)

218

(2.6)

217

(2.9)

220

(1.8)

222

(3.5)

223

(2.5)

Southeast...................................

194

(2.9)

201

(1.2)

210

(2.3)

204

(2.0)

207

(2.1)

197

(3.2)

199

(2.0)

208

(3.0)

206

(2.8)

205

(2.3)

218

(1.8)

Central .......................................

215

(1.2)

215

(1.2)

217

(1.4)

215

(1.9)

218

(2.2)

213

(2.0)

216

(1.6)

214

(2.3)

215

(2.6)

215

(3.9)

221

(2.3)

West...........................................

205

(2.0)

207

(2.0)

213

(1.8)

209

(2.0)

208

(2.6)

210

(2.8)

209

(2.3)

205

(2.8)

210

(1.9)

206

(1.8)

215

(1.5)

13-year-olds All students ............................

255

(0.9)

256

(0.8)

258

(0.9)

257

(0.6)

257

(1.0)

257

(0.8)

260

(1.2)

258

(0.9)

258

(1.0)

259

(1.0)

259

(1.0)

Male ...........................................

250

(1.0)

250

(0.8)

254

(1.1)

253

(0.7)

252

(1.3)

251

(1.1)

254

(1.7)

251

(1.2)

251

(1.2)

254

(1.3)

254

(1.2)

Female .......................................

261

(0.9)

262

(0.9)

263

(0.9)

262

(0.7)

263

(1.0)

263

(1.1)

265

(1.2)

266

(1.2)

264

(1.2)

265

(1.2)

264

(1.3)

White, non-Hispanic...................

261

(0.7)

262

(0.7)

264

(0.7)

263

(0.6)

261

(1.1)

262

(0.9)

266

(1.2)

265

(1.1)

266

(1.0)

267

(1.2)

266

(1.0)

Black, non-Hispanic ...................

222

(1.2)

226

(1.2)

233

(1.5)

236

(1.2)

243

(2.4)

241

(2.2)

238

(2.3)

234

(2.4)

234

(2.6)

238

(2.4)

244

(2.0)

Hispanic .....................................

1

(†)

232

(3.0)

237

(2.0)

240

(2.0)

240

(3.5)

238

(2.3)

239

(3.5)

235

(1.9)

238

(2.9)

244

(2.9)

242

(1.6)

Not high school graduate ...........

—

(†)

—

(†)

239

(1.1)

240

(1.2)

246

(2.1)

241

(1.8)

239

(2.6)

237

(2.4)

239

(2.8)

238

(3.4)

240

(2.7)

Graduated high school............... Some education after high school ..................................

—

(†)

—

(†)

253

(0.9)

253

(0.8)

253

(1.2)

251

(0.9)

252

(1.7)

251

(1.4)

251

(1.5)

251

(1.8)

251

(1.6)

—

(†)

—

(†)

268

(1.0)

266

(1.1)

265

(1.7)

267

(1.7)

265

(2.7)

266

(1.9)

268

(2.3)

269

(2.4)

264

(2.0)

Graduated college .....................

—

(†)

—

(†)

273

(0.9)

268

(0.9)

265

(1.6)

267

(1.1)

271

(1.5)

269

(1.2)

269

(1.4)

270

(1.2)

270

(1.0)

Sex

Race/ethnicity

Parents’ highest level of education

Region Northeast ...................................

261

(2.0)

259

(1.8)

260

(1.8)

261

(0.8)

259

(2.4)

259

(1.8)

265

(3.2)

269

(2.0)

259

(2.6)

263

(2.9)

265

(1.9)

Southeast...................................

245

(1.7)

249

(1.5)

253

(1.6)

256

(1.9)

258

(2.2)

256

(2.2)

254

(2.5)

253

(2.5)

251

(3.3)

254

(2.4)

257

(2.3)

Central .......................................

260

(1.8)

261

(1.4)

265

(1.4)

258

(1.3)

256

(2.0)

257

(1.5)

263

(3.0)

259

(3.3)

267

(1.8)

261

(1.9)

260

(2.1)

West...........................................

254

(1.3)

253

(1.7)

256

(2.0)

254

(1.1)

258

(2.1)

256

(1.6)

258

(1.6)

253

(2.1)

257

(1.7)

259

(2.2)

255

(1.6)

See notes at end of table.

188 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

_

n o i t a c u dTable E 108. Average reading scale score, by age and selected student and school characteristics: Selected years, 1971 through 2004

n o i t a c u dTable E 108. Average reading scale score, by age and selected student and school characteristics: Selected years, 1971 through 2004—Continued Selected student and school characteristic 1 17-year-olds All students ............................

1971

1975

1980

1984

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1999

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12 (1.2)

285

(1.2)

286

(0.8)

285

(1.2)

289

(0.8)

290

(1.0)

290

(1.1)

290

(1.1)

288

(1.3)

288

(1.1)

288

(1.3)

285

279

(1.2)

280

(1.0)

282

(1.3)

284

(0.8)

286

(1.5)

284

(1.6)

284

(1.6)

282

(2.2)

281

(1.3)

281

(1.6)

278

(1.5)

Sex Male ........................................... Female .......................................

291

(1.3)

291

(1.0)

289

(1.2)

294

(0.9)

294

(1.5)

296

(1.2)

296

(1.1)

295

(1.5)

295

(1.2)

295

(1.4)

292

(1.3)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic...................

291

(1.0)

293

(0.6)

293

(0.9)

295

(0.9)

295

(1.2)

297

(1.2)

297

(1.4)

296

(1.5)

295

(1.2)

295

(1.4)

293

(1.1)

Black, non-Hispanic ...................

239

(1.7)

241

(2.0)

243

(1.8)

264

(1.2)

274

(2.4)

267

(2.3)

261

(2.1)

266

(3.9)

266

(2.7)

264

(1.7)

264

(2.7)

Hispanic .....................................

1

(†)

252

(3.6)

261

(2.7)

268

(2.9)

271

(4.3)

275

(3.6)

271

(3.7)

263

(4.9)

265

(4.1)

271

(3.9)

264

(2.9)

Parents’ highest level of education —

(†)

—

(†)

262

(1.5)

269

(1.4)

267

(2.0)

270

(2.8)

271

(3.9)

268

(2.7)

267

(3.2)

265

(3.6)

259

(3.4)

—

(†)

—

(†)

277

(1.0)

281

(0.8)

282

(1.3)

283

(1.4)

280

(1.6)

276

(1.9)

273

(1.7)

274

(2.1)

274

(1.6)

—

(†)

—

(†)

295

(1.2)

298

(0.9)

299

(2.2)

295

(1.9)

293

(1.9)

294

(1.6)

295

(2.2)

295

(1.8)

286

(1.9)

Graduated college .....................

—

(†)

—

(†)

301

(1.0)

302

(0.9)

300

(1.4)

302

(1.5)

301

(1.7)

300

(1.7)

299

(1.5)

298

(1.3)

298

(1.3)

Northeast ...................................

291

(2.8)

289

(1.7)

286

(2.4)

291

(2.5)

295

(2.9)

296

(1.8)

297

(3.2)

297

(4.2)

292

(2.8)

295

(4.0)

290

(2.5)

Southeast...................................

271

(2.4)

277

(1.4)

280

(2.2)

284

(2.1)

286

(2.1)

285

(2.5)

278

(2.9)

283

(2.8)

279

(2.6)

279

(2.4)

281

(2.1)

Region

Central .......................................

291

(2.1)

292

(1.4)

287

(2.2)

290

(1.8)

291

(1.9)

294

(2.4)

294

(2.1)

286

(3.7)

293

(2.1)

292

(1.5)

291

(2.2)

West...........................................

284

(1.8)

282

(1.9)

287

(2.1)

289

(1.6)

289

(1.8)

287

(2.6)

290

(2.3)

288

(2.8)

287

(2.4)

286

(3.0)

280

(2.5)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Test scores of Hispanics were not tabulated separately. NOTE: The NAEP scores have been evaluated at certain performance levels. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Students at reading score level 150 are able to follow brief written directions and carry out simple, discrete reading tasks. Students at reading score level 200 are able to understand, combine ideas, and make inferences based on short uncomplicated passages about specific or sequentially related information. Students at reading score level 250 are able to search for specific information, interrelate ideas,

and make generalizations about literature, science, and social studies materials. Students at reading score level 300 are able to find, understand, summarize, and explain relatively complicated literary and informational material. Includes public and private schools. Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), NAEP 2004 Trends in Academic Progress; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http:// nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved January 2006. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 189 Educational Achievement

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Not high school graduate ........... Graduated high school............... Some education after high school ..................................

1999 Age and percentile 1

2004

1971

1975

1980

1984

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

9-year-olds Average..........................................

208

(1.0)

210

(0.7)

215

(1.0)

211

(0.9)

212

(1.1)

209

(1.2)

211

(0.9)

211

(1.2)

212

(1.0)

212

(1.3)

209

(1.6)

215

(1.5)

219

(1.1)

216

(1.4)

221

(1.0)

Standard deviation.........................

42

(0.4)

39

(0.3)

38

(0.4)

41

(0.4)

41

(1.0)

45

(0.8)

40

(0.6)

41

(0.8)

39

(0.8)

39

(0.7)

41

(0.9)

38

(0.9)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

Percentile 5th.............................................. 10th............................................ 25th............................................ 50th............................................ 75th............................................ 90th............................................ 95th............................................

135 152 180 209 237 260 274

(2.0) (1.6) (1.3) (1.0) (1.0) (0.8) (0.9)

143 159 185 212 237 258 271

(1.3) (1.1) (0.8) (0.8) (0.9) (0.8) (0.1)

149 165 191 217 241 262 273

(1.6) (1.4) (1.2) (0.9) (1.0) (1.1) (1.6)

141 157 184 213 240 263 277

(1.2) (1.2) (1.2) (1.0) (0.9) (0.9) (1.4)

142 157 184 214 240 263 278

(3.6) (2.1) (1.8) (1.4) (1.3) (1.7) (2.0)

135 150 179 210 240 266 280

(3.2) (1.9) (1.8) (1.5) (1.8) (1.8) (1.3)

141 156 183 214 239 260 272

(1.6) (1.5) (1.5) (0.9) (1.2) (1.2) (1.2)

140 156 184 215 240 260 272

(2.6) (2.5) (1.9) (1.1) (1.5) (1.6) (1.5)

145 160 186 215 240 260 272

(2.4) (2.1) (1.3) (1.2) (1.0) (1.0) (1.3)

143 158 185 215 239 259 272

(1.3) (1.4) (2.0) (1.7) (1.4) (1.1) (2.3)

139 153 180 212 237 258 272

(1.6) (2.3) (1.8) (2.3) (2.1) (3.0) (3.4)

150 164 189 218 241 260 273

(3.1) (2.6) (1.6) (2.7) (1.6) (2.7) (2.0)

— 169 194 221 245 264 —

(†) (1.7) (1.7) (1.4) (1.3) (2.1) (†)

— — — — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

13-year-olds Average..........................................

255

(0.9)

256

(0.8)

259

(0.9)

257

(0.6)

258

(1.0)

257

(0.8)

260

(1.2)

258

(0.9)

258

(1.0)

259

(1.0)

254

(1.3)

265

(1.2)

259

(1.0)

254

(1.2)

264

(1.3)

Standard deviation.........................

36

(0.4)

36

(0.3)

35

(0.4)

36

(0.3)

35

(0.5)

36

(0.6)

39

(0.8)

40

(0.7)

39

(0.9)

38

(0.8)

39

(1.1)

37

(1.0)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

Percentile 5th.............................................. 10th............................................ 25th............................................ 50th............................................ 75th............................................ 90th............................................ 95th............................................

193 208 232 257 280 300 311

(1.8) (1.4) (1.2) (1.0) (0.8) (0.9) (0.9)

194 209 233 258 281 300 312

(1.1) (1.0) (1.0) (0.9) (0.8) (1.0) (1.0)

199 213 235 260 283 302 314

(1.9) (1.5) (1.1) (0.8) (0.8) (0.8) (0.8)

197 210 234 258 282 302 314

(1.1) (0.9) (0.8) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8) (1.0)

200 213 234 258 281 302 314

(1.7) (1.2) (1.2) (1.1) (1.4) (1.0) (1.3)

196 210 233 257 281 302 314

(1.9) (1.8) (1.0) (0.9) (0.8) (1.0) (1.3)

191 208 235 262 287 309 322

(2.8) (1.9) (1.8) (1.6) (1.4) (1.8) (2.6)

188 205 233 260 285 307 320

(4.9) (1.7) (1.2) (1.1) (1.1) (1.4) (1.4)

189 206 233 260 285 306 319

(2.3) (2.1) (1.5) (0.9) (0.8) (1.4) (1.8)

193 209 234 261 286 308 320

(2.6) (1.6) (1.1) (1.5) (1.6) (2.4) (1.2)

186 201 227 255 281 302 314

(3.6) (1.9) (2.0) (1.4) (2.4) (2.3) (1.7)

203 218 240 266 291 312 325

(3.0) (2.4) (1.2) (1.5) (2.6) (2.1) (2.0)

— 210 235 260 285 305 —

(†) (1.9) (1.3) (1.4) (1.4) (1.2) (†)

— — — — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

17-year-olds Average..........................................

285

(1.2)

286

(0.8)

286

(1.2)

289

(0.8)

290

(1.0)

290

(1.1)

290

(1.1)

288

(1.3)

288

(1.1)

288

(1.3)

282

(1.6)

295

(1.4)

285

(1.2)

278

(1.5)

292

(1.3)

Standard deviation.........................

46

(0.5)

44

(0.6)

42

(0.6)

40

(0.3)

37

(0.7)

41

(0.7)

43

(0.6)

44

(1.0)

42

(0.8)

42

(0.8)

43

(1.2)

40

(0.8)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

Percentile 5th.............................................. 10th............................................ 25th............................................ 50th............................................ 75th............................................ 90th............................................ 95th............................................

206 225 256 288 317 342 357

(1.5) (1.7) (1.6) (1.4) (1.0) (1.1) (1.5)

209 228 258 288 316 340 354

(3.0) (1.7) (1.1) (0.7) (0.7) (0.9) (0.7)

213 231 259 287 315 337 351

(1.7) (1.8) (1.2) (1.4) (1.2) (1.4) (1.3)

220 236 262 290 317 340 353

(1.3) (0.9) (1.1) (0.9) (0.9) (0.7) (1.0)

226 241 266 291 316 337 349

(1.3) (2.2) (1.8) (1.9) (1.4) (2.1) (1.8)

220 237 263 291 319 343 356

(2.3) (3.1) (1.3) (1.3) (1.5) (2.1) (1.7)

214 233 263 293 319 343 356

(2.9) (2.7) (1.1) (1.2) (1.4) (1.8) (1.9)

211 230 260 290 319 343 358

(3.6) (3.1) (1.8) (1.8) (1.8) (1.8) (1.7)

214 232 260 289 316 341 355

(2.5) (1.7) (1.1) (1.9) (1.6) (1.7) (2.6)

215 233 261 289 316 341 355

(4.5) (3.7) (2.2) (1.8) (1.2) (2.2) (1.7)

207 225 253 283 311 335 350

(3.2) (2.3) (2.2) (1.6) (1.9) (2.6) (6.4)

229 244 268 295 322 345 359

(5.7) (1.9) (1.6) (1.6) (1.9) (2.9) (3.0)

— 227 258 287 315 338 —

(†) (2.8) (1.4) (1.5) (1.0) (1.8) (†)

— — — — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

—Not available. †Not applicable. NOTE: The NAEP scores have been evaluated at certain performance levels. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Students at reading score level 150 are able to follow brief written directions and carry out simple, discrete reading tasks. Students at reading score level 200 are able to understand, combine ideas, and make inferences based on short uncomplicated passages about specific or sequentially related information. Students at reading score level 250 are able to search for specific information, interrelate ideas, and make generalizations about literature, science, and social studies materials. Students at reading score

level 300 are able to find, understand, summarize, and explain relatively complicated literary and informational material. Includes public and private schools. Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved July 2005. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

190 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 109. Student scale score in reading, by age and percentile: Selected years, 1971 through 2004

Table 110. Average reading scale score, by age and amount of time spent on reading and homework: Selected years, 1984 through 2004 9-year-olds

Time spent on reading and homework 1

13-year-olds

17-year-olds

1984

1994

1996

1999

2004

1984

1994

1996

1999

2004

1984

1994

1996

1999

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Average scale score

211 211 213 212 211

(1.9) (2.5) (2.4) (1.6) (1.7)

210 207 210 211 211

(2.9) (3.0) (3.4) (2.6) (2.6)

215 214 220 214 213

(2.8) (4.1) (3.2) (2.0) (2.3)

213 211 215 213 213

(2.7) (3.7) (3.0) (2.1) (2.5)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

260 260 261 259 259

(1.2) (1.3) (1.3) (1.2) (1.1)

261 263 261 260 260

(2.3) (2.1) (2.1) (2.1) (2.2)

262 262 262 261 262

(2.5) (2.4) (2.3) (2.2) (2.2)

263 264 263 261 262

(1.9) (2.3) (2.1) (1.7) (2.1)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

290 290 292 289 289

(1.5) (1.7) (1.4) (1.4) (1.4)

293 294 293 293 293

(2.1) (2.4) (2.4) (2.4) (2.3)

294 293 293 290 292

(2.8) (2.3) (2.3) (2.2) (2.8)

292 294 291 291 292

(2.6) (2.7) (2.8) (2.3) (2.0)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

Frequency of reading for fun Daily........................................... Weekly ....................................... Monthly ...................................... Yearly ......................................... Never .........................................

214 212 204 197 198

(1.1) (1.7) (3.3) (4.2) (2.7)

215 214 213 — 193

(2.3) (3.1) (5.8) (†) (3.9)

213 212 210 — 199

(2.0) (2.6) (5.0) (†) (4.3)

215 215 211 — 195

(2.4) (2.6) (4.2) (†) (3.3)

220 224 216 209 203

(1.5) (2.2) (4.6) (4.6) (4.4)

264 255 255 252 239

(1.4) (1.4) (2.1) (3.6) (2.5)

272 255 255 252 237

(3.2) (3.1) (5.7) (5.4) (5.1)

269 258 259 — 236

(3.3) (3.2) (4.6) (†) (4.8)

272 263 260 253 242

(3.2) (3.2) (3.7) (4.4) (5.3)

271 261 256 ‡ 236

(2.8) (2.3) (3.9) (†) (3.9)

297 290 290 279 269

(1.5) (1.7) (1.8) (2.7) (2.4)

302 286 286 281 258

(4.2) (4.1) (4.5) (8.2) (5.2)

302 293 290 285 270

(5.2) (4.0) (5.6) (5.6) (5.0)

301 289 286 283 262

(4.9) (2.9) (4.8) (4.4) (5.0)

305 288 287 272 268

(3.7) (4.3) (4.7) (5.0) (5.8)

Reading of books, newspapers, and magazines Yearly/monthly............................ Weekly ....................................... Daily...........................................

207 219 211

(1.6) (2.5) (3.8)

206 216 —

(3.8) (3.7) (†)

208 221 —

(3.1) (4.7) (†)

209 220 214

(2.9) (3.5) (6.3)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

244 261 269

(1.7) (1.6) (2.2)

245 262 275

(3.7) (2.6) (3.9)

249 262 270

(3.4) (3.0) (3.4)

252 261 271

(2.9) (3.3) (4.0)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

270 288 299

(2.0) (1.5) (1.9)

279 295 296

(4.0) (2.8) (4.0)

275 294 295

(4.5) (3.2) (4.8)

276 292 299

(3.8) (2.2) (6.5)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

Time spent on homework None .......................................... Didn’t do assignment ................. Less than 1 hour ........................ 1 to 2 hours................................ More than 2 hours......................

212 199 217 216 201

(0.9) (2.1) (0.8) (1.4) (1.9)

213 200 212 214 193

(2.0) (4.3) (1.4) (3.0) (6.1)

210 196 215 219 199

(1.9) (5.2) (1.0) (2.1) (4.5)

210 204 214 215 197

(1.9) (4.4) (1.5) (3.2) (3.5)

217 204 221 221 207

(2.0) (4.1) (1.0) (2.3) (3.2)

254 247 261 267 265

(1.0) (1.7) (0.6) (0.8) (1.2)

250 243 261 268 270

(1.7) (5.6) (1.3) (1.7) (2.4)

254 249 258 266 268

(1.3) (3.3) (1.6) (1.6) (2.3)

251 249 262 269 269

(2.0) (4.2) (1.2) (1.6) (3.0)

248 245 261 268 272

(1.7) (3.4) (1.2) (1.6) (2.0)

276 287 290 296 303

(0.8) (1.4) (0.9) (0.8) (1.4)

273 285 288 297 306

(2.3) (2.1) (1.6) (1.7) (3.1)

274 281 289 296 307

(1.9) (2.2) (1.5) (2.1) (3.4)

275 282 291 296 300

(2.3) (3.1) (2.3) (2.0) (2.8)

270 279 287 295 304

(2.0) (2.7) (1.6) (1.7) (2.4)

Percent Materials read a few times a year or more Poems........................................ Plays .......................................... Biographies ................................ Science books ........................... Books about other times ............

70 56 45 84 79

(1.5) (1.4) (1.5) (1.3) (1.2)

62 45 47 87 79

(2.3) (2.2) (2.1) (1.8) (2.0)

60 42 46 83 78

(1.9) (2.3) (2.4) (2.2) (1.6)

64 44 49 80 79

(2.4) (2.2) (3.0) (1.6) (1.9)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

68 59 62 90 83

(1.3) (1.4) (1.3) (1.1) (1.1)

79 63 68 92 83

(1.4) (2.3) (1.7) (1.4) (1.8)

80 67 65 90 84

(1.9) (2.1) (2.6) (1.9) (1.8)

77 61 72 89 84

(1.6) (1.8) (2.1) (1.2) (1.3)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

76 63 59 70 81

(1.1) (1.0) (1.2) (1.1) (0.9)

85 70 69 84 82

(2.2) (2.1) (1.8) (1.9) (2.0)

80 67 66 82 81

(1.8) (1.6) (1.7) (2.0) (1.9)

85 72 70 84 81

(2.0) (2.0) (1.9) (1.3) (2.0)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

Frequency of reading for fun Total ........................................... Daily ....................................... Weekly ................................... Monthly .................................. Yearly ..................................... Never......................................

100 53 28 7 3 9

(†) (1.0) (0.8) (0.6) (0.3) (0.5)

100 58 25 5 3 9

(†) (1.6) (1.5) (0.6) (0.6) (0.8)

100 54 27 8 3 8

(†) (1.9) (1.8) (1.0) (0.5) (0.8)

100 54 26 6 4 10

(†) (1.6) (1.5) (0.6) (0.7) (0.8)

100 54 26 7 5 8

(†) (1.6) (1.2) (0.5) (0.7) (0.8)

100 35 35 14 7 8

(†) (1.0) (1.2) (0.8) (0.5) (0.6)

100 32 32 14 10 12

(†) (1.8) (2.1) (1.7) (1.2) (1.7)

100 32 31 15 9 13

(†) (1.9) (2.1) (1.4) (1.2) (1.5)

100 28 36 17 10 9

(†) (1.7) (1.7) (1.6) (1.2) (1.4)

100 30 34 15 9 13

(†) (2.0) (1.9) (1.2) (1.1) (1.3)

99 31 33 17 10 9

(†) (0.8) (1.1) (0.5) (0.5) (0.6)

100 30 31 15 12 12

(†) (2.6) (1.9) (1.5) (1.5) (1.4)

100 23 32 17 12 16

(†) (2.0) (2.7) (1.5) (1.6) (2.1)

100 25 28 19 12 16

(†) (1.7) (2.7) (1.7) (1.4) (2.4)

100 22 30 15 14 19

(†) (2.0) (1.9) (1.6) (1.5) (1.8)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 191 Educational Achievement

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Materials read a few times a year or more Poems........................................ Plays .......................................... Biographies ................................ Science books ........................... Books about other times ............

9-year-olds

Time spent on reading and homework 1 Reading of books, newspapers, and magazines Total ........................................... Yearly/monthly........................ Weekly ................................... Daily ....................................... Time spent on homework Total ........................................... None ...................................... Didn't do assignment.............. Less than 1 hour .................... 1 to 2 hours ............................

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

More than 2 hours ..................

13-year-olds

17-year-olds

1984

1994

1996

1999

2004

1984

1994

1996

1999

2004

1984

1994

1996

1999

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

100 59 31 11

(†) (1.5) (1.5) (0.9)

100 64 27 9

(†) (1.8) (1.8) (1.3)

100 67 22 10

(†) (2.3) (1.9) (1.2)

100 63 27 11

(†) (2.6) (2.4) (1.2)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

100 30 49 21

(†) (1.5) (1.1) (1.1)

100 34 47 19

(†) (2.5) (2.5) (1.7)

100 32 47 21

(†) (2.6) (2.2) (1.7)

100 32 49 19

(†) (2.3) (2.2) (1.9)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

100 20 53 27

(†) (1.0) (1.2) (1.3)

100 22 55 23

(†) (1.7) (2.3) (1.8)

100 25 52 23

(†) (2.1) (2.6) (1.9)

100 26 52 21

(†) (2.1) (2.2) (2.1)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

99 35 4 41 13 6

(†) (1.3) (0.3) (1.0) (0.4) (0.2)

99 32 4 48 11 4

(†) (2.1) (0.4) (1.7) (0.7) (0.4)

100 26 4 53 13 4

(†) (1.6) (0.3) (1.5) (0.7) (0.3)

100 26 4 53 12 5

(†) (1.6) (0.3) (1.4) (0.7) (0.5)

100 21 3 59 13 5

(†) (1.5) (0.3) (1.4) (0.6) (0.3)

99 22 4 36 29 9

(†) (0.7) (0.2) (0.6) (0.5) (0.3)

100 23 6 34 28 9

(†) (1.4) (0.6) (1.0) (1.0) (0.7)

100 22 5 37 27 8

(†) (1.8) (0.5) (1.2) (1.2) (0.9)

100 24 5 37 26 8

(†) (1.2) (0.4) (1.4) (1.0) (0.8)

100 20 6 40 26 8

(†) (1.3) (0.4) (1.2) (1.0) (0.5)

100 22 11 26 27 13

(†) (0.9) (0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (0.6)

100 23 11 27 26 13

(†) (1.4) (0.6) (0.9) (1.2) (0.9)

100 23 13 28 24 11

(†) (1.4) (0.6) (0.9) (1.0) (0.7)

100 26 13 26 23 12

(†) (1.0) (0.7) (1.0) (0.8) (0.9)

100 26 13 28 22 11

(†) (1.0) (0.6) (0.7) (0.9) (0.6)

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. NOTE: The NAEP scores have been evaluated at certain performance levels. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Students at reading score level 150 are able to follow brief written directions and carry out simple, discrete reading tasks. Students at reading score level 200 are able to understand, combine ideas, and make inferences based on short uncomplicated passages about specific or sequentially related information. Students at reading score level 250 are able to search for specific information, interrelate ideas, and make generalizations about literature, science, and social studies materials. Students at

reading score level 300 are able to find, understand, summarize, and explain relatively complicated literary and informational material. Includes public and private schools. Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), NAEP Trends in Academic Progress, 1996 and 1999; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved July 2005. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

192 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 110. Average reading scale score, by age and amount of time spent on reading and homework: Selected years, 1984 through 2004—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 193 Educational Achievement

Table 111. Percentage of students at or above selected reading score levels, by age, sex, and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1971 through 2004 Selected characteristic 1

1971

1975

1980

1984

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1999

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

9-year-olds Total Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 .....................

91 59 16

(0.5) (1.0) (0.6)

93 62 15

(0.4) (0.8) (0.6)

95 68 18

(0.4) (1.0) (0.8)

92 62 17

(0.4) (0.8) (0.7)

93 63 17

(0.7) (1.3) (1.1)

90 59 18

(0.9) (1.3) (1.0)

92 62 16

(0.4) (1.1) (0.8)

92 63 17

(0.7) (1.4) (1.2)

93 64 17

(0.6) (1.3) (0.8)

93 64 16

(0.7) (1.4) (1.0)

96 70 20

(0.3) (1.2) (1.0)

Male Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 .....................

88 53 12

(0.7) (1.2) (0.6)

91 56 12

(0.5) (1.0) (0.6)

93 63 15

(0.5) (1.1) (0.9)

90 58 16

(0.5) (1.0) (0.8)

90 58 16

(0.9) (1.8) (1.4)

88 54 16

(1.4) (1.9) (1.2)

90 57 14

(0.8) (1.6) (1.0)

90 59 15

(1.0) (1.5) (1.2)

92 58 14

(0.8) (2.0) (1.3)

91 61 15

(1.1) (1.8) (1.3)

95 67 19

(0.6) (1.7) (1.3)

Female Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 .....................

93 65 19

(0.5) (1.1) (0.8)

95 68 18

(0.3) (0.8) (0.8)

96 73 21

(0.4) (1.0) (1.0)

94 65 18

(0.5) (1.0) (0.8)

95 67 19

(1.0) (1.4) (1.2)

92 64 21

(1.1) (1.2) (1.2)

94 67 18

(0.6) (1.2) (1.1)

94 67 18

(0.8) (1.9) (1.5)

95 70 19

(0.6) (1.6) (1.3)

95 67 17

(0.8) (1.6) (1.3)

97 74 21

(0.5) (1.1) (1.3)

94

(0.4) (1.0) (0.7)

96 69 17

(0.3) (0.8) (0.7)

97 74 21

(0.2) (0.7) (0.9)

95 69 21

(0.3) (0.9) (0.8)

95 68 20

(0.7) (1.6) (1.5)

94 66 23

(0.9) (1.4) (1.2)

96 69 20

(0.5) (1.2) (1.0)

96 70 20

(0.5) (1.5) (1.5)

96 71 20

(0.6) (1.5) (1.1)

97 73 20

(0.4) (1.6) (1.4)

98 78 25

(0.4) (1.1) (1.2)

2

(1.7) (1.5) (0.5)

81 32 2

(1.1) (1.5) (0.3)

85 41 4

(1.4) (1.9) (0.6)

81 37 5

(1.2) (1.5) (0.5)

83 39 6

(2.4) (2.9) (1.2)

77 34 5

(2.7) (3.4) (1.5)

80 37 5

(2.2) (2.2) (0.8)

79 38 4

(2.4) (2.8) (1.5)

84 42 6

(1.9) (3.2) (1.1)

82 36 4

(2.5) (3.0) (1.1)

91 51 8

(1.2) (3.0) (1.6)

‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†)

81 35 3

(2.5) (3.0) (0.5)

84 42 5

(1.8) (2.6) (1.4)

82 40 4

(3.0) (2.7) (0.6)

86 46 9

(3.5) (3.3) (2.3)

84 41 6

(1.8) (2.7) (2.0)

83 43 7

(2.6) (3.5) (2.3)

80 37 6

(4.6) (4.6) (1.6)

86 48 7

(2.4) (3.8) (3.2)

87 44 6

(3.3) (3.4) (1.7)

95 57 9

(1.4) (2.8) (1.8)

Total Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 .....................

100 93 58 10

(#) (0.5) (1.1) (0.5)

100 93 59 10

(0.1) (0.4) (1.0) (0.5)

100 95 61 11

(0.1) (0.4) (1.1) (0.5)

100 94 59 11

(#) (0.3) (0.8) (0.4)

100 95 59 11

(0.1) (0.6) (1.3) (0.8)

100 94 59 11

(0.1) (0.6) (1.0) (0.6)

100 93 62 15

(0.3) (0.7) (1.4) (0.9)

99 92 60 14

(0.2) (0.6) (1.2) (0.8)

100 92 60 14

(0.2) (0.7) (1.3) (1.0)

100 93 61 15

(0.2) (0.7) (1.5) (1.1)

— 94 61 13

(†) (0.6) (1.3) (0.9)

Male Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 .....................

100 91 52 7

(0.1) (0.7) (1.2) (0.5)

100 91 52 7

(0.1) (0.5) (1.1) (0.4)

100 93 56 9

(0.1) (0.6) (1.2) (0.7)

100 92 54 9

(0.1) (0.4) (0.9) (0.5)

100 93 52 9

(0.2) (1.0) (1.9) (0.9)

100 91 52 8

(0.2) (0.9) (1.5) (0.8)

99 90 55 13

(0.4) (1.1) (2.0) (1.1)

99 89 53 10

(0.3) (1.1) (1.9) (0.7)

99 89 53 10

(0.4) (1.2) (1.6) (1.0)

99 91 55 11

(0.3) (0.9) (1.9) (1.1)

— 91 55 11

(†) (0.8) (1.5) (0.9)

Female Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 .....................

100 95 64 12

(0.1) (0.4) (1.1) (0.6)

100 96 65 13

(0.1) (0.4) (1.2) (0.7)

100 96 65 13

(#) (0.4) (1.1) (0.6)

100 96 64 13

(0.1) (0.3) (0.8) (0.6)

100 97 65 13

(‡) (0.6) (1.4) (0.9)

100 96 65 14

(‡) (0.6) (1.5) (0.9)

100 95 68 18

(‡) (0.7) (1.4) (1.1)

100 95 68 18

(0.2) (0.6) (1.7) (1.1)

100 95 66 17

(‡) (0.6) (1.6) (1.3)

100 96 66 18

(‡) (0.7) (1.9) (1.7)

— 96 67 15

(†) (0.6) (1.8) (1.2)

100 64 11

(#) (0.3) (0.9) (0.5)

100 96 65 12

(#) (0.2) (0.9) (0.5)

100 97 68 14

(‡) (0.2) (0.8) (0.6)

100 96 65 13

(#) (0.2) (0.8) (0.6)

100 96 64 12

(‡) (0.6) (1.5) (0.9)

100 96 65 13

(0.1) (0.6) (1.2) (0.9)

100 96 68 18

(0.1) (0.6) (1.4) (1.1)

100 95 68 17

(0.2) (0.7) (1.3) (1.0)

100 95 69 17

(0.2) (0.5) (1.4) (1.3)

100 96 69 18

(0.1) (0.6) (1.7) (1.4)

— 96 69 17

(†) (0.6) (1.3) (1.2)

99 74 1 21 11

(0.3) (1.7) (1.2) (0.2)

98 77 25 2

(0.3) (1.3) (1.6) (0.3)

99 84 30 2

(0.3) (1.7) (2.0) (0.5)

99 85 35 3

(0.2) (1.2) (1.3) (0.6)

100 91 40 5

(‡) (2.2) (2.3) (1.2)

99 88 42 5

(‡) (2.3) (3.5) (0.8)

99 82 38 6

(‡) (2.7) (2.7) (1.4)

99 81 36 4

(‡) (2.3) (3.5) (1.2)

99 82 34 3

(‡) (3.2) (3.9) (0.9)

99 85 38 5

(‡) (2.3) (2.7) (1.4)

— 89 45 5

(†) (2.2) (2.8) (1.0)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†)

100 81 32 2

(0.3) (2.3) (3.6) (1.0)

100 87 35 2

(‡) (2.4) (2.6) (0.6)

100 86 39 4

(‡) (1.7) (2.3) (1.0)

99 87 38 4

(‡) (2.6) (4.4) (1.9)

99 86 37 4

(0.5) (2.4) (2.9) (1.2)

98 83 41 6

(‡) (3.5) (5.1) (1.9)

99 82 34 4

(‡) (2.7) (3.9) (1.8)

99 85 38 5

(‡) (3.2) (3.7) (1.7)

100 89 43 6

(‡) (2.8) (3.8) (1.8)

— 88 43 4

(†) (1.8) (2.0) (0.8)

White, non-Hispanic Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 .....................

1

1 65 1 18

Black, non-Hispanic Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 .....................

1 70 1 22 1

Hispanic Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... 13-year-olds

White, non-Hispanic Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 ..................... Black, non-Hispanic Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 ..................... Hispanic Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 .....................

1

1 96 1 1

1 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

194 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 111. Percentage of students at or above selected reading score levels, by age, sex, and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1971 through 2004—Continued Selected characteristic 1

1971

1975

1980

1984

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1999

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

17-year-olds Total Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 .....................

100 96 79 39

(0.1) (0.3) (0.9) (1.0)

100 96 80 39

(0.1) (0.3) (0.7) (0.8)

100 97 81 38

(0.1) (0.3) (0.9) (1.1)

100 98 83 40

(#) (0.1) (0.6) (1.0)

100 99 86 41

(‡) (0.3) (0.8) (1.5)

100 98 84 41

(‡) (0.3) (1.0) (1.0)

100 97 83 43

(0.1) (0.4) (0.8) (1.1)

100 97 81 41

(0.1) (0.5) (1.0) (1.2)

100 98 82 39

(‡) (0.5) (0.8) (1.4)

100 98 82 40

(‡) (0.4) (1.0) (1.4)

— — 80 38

(†) (†) (1.0) (1.2)

Male Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 .....................

99 95 74 34

(0.1) (0.4) (1.0) (1.1)

99 95 76 34

(0.2) (0.4) (0.8) (1.0)

100 96 78 35

(0.1) (0.5) (1.0) (1.3)

100 98 80 36

(#) (0.2) (0.7) (1.0)

100 99 83 37

(‡) (0.5) (1.4) (2.3)

100 97 80 36

(‡) (0.6) (1.4) (1.5)

100 96 78 38

(0.2) (0.7) (1.2) (1.6)

100 96 76 36

(‡) (0.9) (1.5) (1.9)

100 96 77 34

(‡) (0.8) (1.2) (1.9)

100 97 77 34

(‡) (0.6) (1.5) (1.7)

— — 74 33

(†) (†) (1.4) (1.5)

Female Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 .....................

100 97 83 44

(0.1) (0.3) (1.0) (1.2)

100 98 84 44

(0.1) (0.4) (0.9) (0.9)

100 98 84 41

(‡) (0.3) (1.0) (1.2)

100 99 87 45

(‡) (0.1) (0.6) (1.1)

100 99 88 44

(‡) (0.3) (1.1) (2.0)

100 99 89 47

(‡) (0.3) (1.0) (1.3)

100 98 87 48

(‡) (0.4) (1.1) (1.5)

100 98 86 46

(‡) (0.5) (1.2) (1.5)

100 99 87 45

(‡) (0.5) (1.0) (1.7)

100 99 87 45

(‡) (0.4) (1.0) (1.8)

— — 86 42

(†) (†) (1.0) (1.5)

100 84 43

(#) (0.2) (0.7) (0.9)

100 99 86 44

(#) (0.1) (0.6) (0.8)

100 99 87 43

(‡) (0.1) (0.6) (1.1)

100 99 88 47

(‡) (0.1) (0.5) (1.1)

100 99 89 45

(‡) (0.3) (0.9) (1.6)

100 99 88 48

(‡) (0.2) (1.1) (1.2)

100 99 88 50

(‡) (0.3) (0.9) (1.4)

100 98 86 48

(‡) (0.4) (1.1) (1.4)

100 99 87 46

(‡) (0.4) (0.8) (1.5)

100 98 87 46

(‡) (0.4) (1.3) (1.5)

— — 86 45

(†) (†) (1.0) (1.4)

98 82 1 40 18

(0.4) (1.5) (1.6) (0.9)

98 82 43 8

(0.8) (1.8) (1.6) (0.7)

99 86 44 7

(0.3) (1.7) (2.0) (0.8)

100 96 65 16

(‡) (0.5) (1.5) (1.0)

100 98 76 25

(‡) (1.0) (2.4) (3.1)

100 96 69 20

(‡) (1.3) (2.8) (1.8)

99 92 61 17

(‡) (1.6) (2.3) (2.5)

99 93 66 22

(‡) (2.0) (4.1) (3.7)

100 95 68 18

(‡) (1.9) (4.0) (2.2)

100 95 66 17

(‡) (1.1) (2.5) (1.7)

— — 67 17

(†) (†) (3.0) (2.0)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†)

99 89 53 13

(0.4) (2.4) (4.1) (2.7)

100 93 62 17

(‡) (1.8) (3.1) (2.1)

100 96 68 21

(‡) (0.7) (2.4) (3.0)

100 96 71 23

(‡) (2.4) (4.8) (3.7)

100 96 75 27

(‡) (2.1) (4.7) (3.3)

100 93 69 27

(‡) (2.3) (4.0) (3.2)

99 91 63 20

(‡) (3.4) (4.4) (3.0)

100 94 65 20

(‡) (1.9) (4.2) (4.8)

100 97 68 24

(‡) (‡) (4.3) (3.8)

— — 64 20

(†) (†) (3.7) (2.4)

White, non-Hispanic Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 ..................... Black, non-Hispanic Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 ..................... Hispanic Level 150 ..................... Level 200 ..................... Level 250 ..................... Level 300 .....................

1

1 98 1 1

1 1

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1 Data for 1971 include persons of Hispanic origin. NOTE: The NAEP scores have been evaluated at certain performance levels. Students at reading score level 150 are able to follow brief written directions and carry out simple, discrete reading tasks. Students at reading score level 200 are able to understand, combine ideas, and make inferences based on short uncomplicated passages about specific or sequentially related information. Students at reading score level 250 are able to search for

specific information, interrelate ideas, and make generalizations about literature, science, and social studies materials. Students at reading score level 300 are able to find, understand, summarize, and explain relatively complicated literary and informational material. Includes public and private schools. Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), NAEP 1999 Trends in Academic Progress; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved July 2005. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 112. Average scale score in reading and percentage of 4th-graders in public schools attaining reading achievement levels, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1994 through 2005 Percent attaining reading achievement levels,2 2005

2005 Race/ethnicity

State or jurisdiction

1994 average

1

1998 average

2

2002 average

3

2003 average

4

Average

5

White, non-Hispanic

6

Black, non-Hispanic

7

1

Asian/ Pacific Islander

Hispanic

8

9

American Indian/ Alaska Native

10

Below basic

11

Basic or above3

12

Proficient or above4

13

Advanced5

14

15

212

(1.1)

213

(1.2)

217

(0.5)

216

(0.3)

217

(0.2)

228

(0.2)

199

(0.3)

201

(0.5)

227

(0.9)

205

(1.3)

38

(0.3)

63

(0.3)

30

(0.2)

7

(0.1)

Alabama ............................................ Alaska................................................ Arizona .............................................. Arkansas............................................ California7,8 .......................................

208 — 206 209 197

(1.5) (†) (1.9) (1.7) (1.8)

211 — 206 209 202

(1.9) (†) (1.4) (1.6) (2.5)

207 — 205 213 206

(1.4) (†) (1.5) (1.4) (2.5)

207 212 209 214 206

(1.7) (1.6) (1.2) (1.4) (1.2)

208 211 207 217 207

(1.2) (1.4) (1.6) (1.1) (0.7)

220 225 224 225 225

(1.3) (1.3) (1.9) (1.0) (1.2)

188 212 193 194 195

(1.8) (3.9) (3.4) (1.9) (1.4)

‡ 209 192 212 193

(†) (3.6) (1.7) (4.2) (0.8)

‡ 206 224 ‡ 223

(†) (4.0) (5.3) (†) (1.8)

‡ 183 ‡ ‡ 213

(†) (3.0) (†) (†) (3.9)

47 42 48 37 50

(1.3) (1.5) (1.7) (1.4) (0.9)

53 58 52 63 50

(1.3) (1.5) (1.7) (1.4) (0.9)

22 27 24 30 21

(1.3) (1.3) (1.7) (1.1) (0.7)

5 5 6 6 5

(0.6) (0.5) (0.6) (0.6) (0.4)

Colorado ............................................ Connecticut........................................ Delaware............................................ District of Columbia ........................... Florida................................................

213 222 206 — 205

(1.3) (1.6) (1.1) (†) (1.7)

220 230 207 179 206

(1.4) (1.6) (1.7) (1.2) (1.4)

— 229 224 191 214

(†) (1.1) (0.6) (0.9) (1.4)

224 228 224 188 218

(1.2) (1.1) (0.7) (0.9) (1.1)

224 226 226 191 220

(1.1) (1.0) (0.8) (1.0) (0.9)

232 234 235 252 228

(1.2) (1.1) (0.9) (3.9) (1.4)

207 201 212 187 203

(3.0) (1.9) (1.1) (1.0) (1.6)

206 203 216 193 215

(1.6) (2.2) (2.2) (3.4) (1.6)

231 236 239 ‡ 230

(3.9) (4.2) (4.5) (†) (4.0)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

31 29 27 67 35

(1.3) (1.2) (1.4) (1.0) (1.0)

70 71 73 33 65

(1.3) (1.2) (1.4) (1.0) (1.0)

37 38 34 11 30

(1.6) (1.2) (1.2) (0.8) (1.2)

8 12 7 2 7

(0.9) (1.0) (0.8) (0.4) (0.7)

Georgia.............................................. Hawaii ................................................ Idaho.................................................. Illinois................................................. Indiana...............................................

207 201 — — 220

(2.4) (1.7) (†) (†) (1.3)

209 200 — — —

(1.4) (1.5) (†) (†) (†)

215 208 220 — 222

(1.0) (0.9) (1.1) (†) (1.4)

214 208 218 216 220

(1.3) (1.4) (1.0) (1.6) (1.0)

214 210 222 217 218

(1.2) (1.0) (0.9) (1.2) (1.1)

226 224 226 230 223

(1.2) (1.7) (0.8) (1.1) (1.2)

199 206 ‡ 194 197

(1.5) (4.8) (†) (2.1) (2.4)

203 211 199 199 208

(4.2) (4.8) (2.8) (2.5) (2.9)

243 206 ‡ 230 ‡

(5.1) (1.1) (†) (4.8) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

42 47 31 38 36

(1.5) (1.2) (1.1) (1.3) (1.3)

58 53 69 62 64

(1.5) (1.2) (1.1) (1.3) (1.3)

26 23 33 29 30

(1.5) (1.4) (1.4) (1.3) (1.4)

6 5 7 7 7

(0.7) (0.6) (0.6) (0.7) (0.7)

Iowa7,8 ............................................... Kansas7,8 ........................................... Kentucky ............................................ Louisiana ........................................... Maine.................................................

223 — 212 197 228

(1.3) (†) (1.6) (1.3) (1.3)

220 221 218 200 225

(1.6) (1.4) (1.5) (1.6) (1.4)

223 222 219 207 225

(1.1) (1.4) (1.1) (1.7) (1.1)

223 220 219 205 224

(1.1) (1.2) (1.3) (1.4) (0.9)

221 221 220 209 225

(0.9) (1.3) (1.1) (1.3) (0.9)

224 225 222 223 225

(0.9) (1.3) (1.1) (1.1) (1.0)

201 196 203 195 ‡

(3.6) (2.5) (2.3) (1.7) (†)

200 203 ‡ ‡ ‡

(2.9) (2.8) (†) (†) (†)

224 238 ‡ ‡ ‡

(5.9) (4.9) (†) (†) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

33 34 35 47 29

(1.3) (1.5) (1.5) (1.8) (1.2)

68 66 65 53 71

(1.3) (1.5) (1.5) (1.8) (1.2)

33 33 31 20 35

(1.2) (1.3) (1.2) (1.4) (1.3)

7 8 8 4 9

(0.5) (1.0) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8)

Maryland............................................ Massachusetts7 ................................. Michigan ............................................ Minnesota7,8 ...................................... Mississippi .........................................

210 223 — 218 202

(1.5) (1.3) (†) (1.4) (1.6)

212 223 216 219 203

(1.6) (1.4) (1.5) (1.7) (1.3)

217 234 219 225 203

(1.5) (1.1) (1.1) (1.1) (1.3)

219 228 219 223 205

(1.4) (1.2) (1.2) (1.1) (1.3)

220 231 218 225 204

(1.3) (0.9) (1.5) (1.3) (1.4)

233 237 226 231 220

(1.5) (0.9) (1.4) (1.3) (1.4)

201 211 190 192 190

(1.5) (1.9) (2.7) (3.8) (1.6)

210 203 ‡ 204 ‡

(2.7) (2.4) (†) (3.6) (†)

239 234 ‡ 216 ‡

(3.6) (4.1) (†) (4.6) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

35 22 37 29 52

(1.4) (1.2) (1.7) (1.6) (1.7)

65 78 63 71 48

(1.4) (1.2) (1.7) (1.6) (1.7)

32 44 32 38 18

(1.5) (1.4) (1.4) (1.7) (1.4)

8 12 7 11 3

(0.7) (0.9) (0.9) (0.9) (0.5)

Missouri ............................................. Montana7,8 ......................................... Nebraska9 .......................................... Nevada .............................................. New Hampshire7................................

217 222 220 — 223

(1.5) (1.4) (1.5) — (1.5)

216 225 — 206 226

(1.3) (1.5) (†) (1.8) (1.7)

220 224 222 209 —

(1.3) (1.8) (1.5) (1.2) (†)

222 223 221 207 228

(1.2) (1.2) (1.0) (1.2) (1.0)

221 225 221 207 227

(0.9) (1.1) (1.2) (1.2) (0.9)

226 228 228 219 228

(0.9) (1.1) (1.2) (1.5) (0.9)

200 ‡ 194 192 ‡

(2.6) (†) (2.5) (2.6) (†)

210 226 202 195 ‡

(4.8) (4.5) (2.5) (1.7) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡ 212 ‡

(†) (†) (†) (3.4) (†)

‡ 210 ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (2.0) (†) (†) (†)

33 29 32 48 26

(1.2) (1.2) (1.4) (1.5) (1.1)

67 71 68 52 74

(1.2) (1.2) (1.4) (1.5) (1.1)

33 36 34 21 39

(1.3) (1.4) (1.4) (1.3) (1.4)

7 8 7 4 9

(0.8) (0.9) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8)

New Jersey ........................................ New Mexico ....................................... New York7,8 ........................................ North Carolina ................................... North Dakota8 ....................................

219 205 212 214 225

(1.2) (1.7) (1.4) (1.5) (1.2)

— 205 215 213 —

(†) (1.4) (1.6) (1.6) (†)

— 208 222 222 224

(†) (1.6) (1.5) (1.0) (1.0)

225 203 222 221 222

(1.2) (1.5) (1.1) (1.0) (0.9)

223 207 223 217 225

(1.3) (1.3) (1.1) (1.0) (0.7)

233 225 232 227 228

(1.1) (1.5) (0.9) (1.2) (0.7)

199 206 207 201 ‡

(2.4) (5.3) (1.8) (1.5) (†)

206 199 208 204 ‡

(2.3) (1.6) (1.9) (2.4) (†)

241 ‡ 237 221 ‡

(2.6) (†) (2.9) (6.2) (†)

‡ 190 ‡ ‡ 199

(†) (2.6) (†) (†) (2.9)

32 49 31 39 28

(1.6) (1.5) (1.5) (1.5) (1.1)

68 51 69 62 72

(1.6) (1.5) (1.5) (1.5) (1.1)

37 21 33 29 36

(1.5) (1.4) (1.2) (1.4) (1.1)

10 4 8 7 7

(0.8) (0.5) (0.6) (0.6) (0.6)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 195 Educational Achievement

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

United States6 ..........................

Percent attaining reading achievement levels,2 2005

2005 Race/ethnicity

State or jurisdiction

1994 average

1

1998 average

2

2002 average

3

2003 average

4

Average

5

White, non-Hispanic

6

Black, non-Hispanic

7

1

Asian/ Pacific Islander

Hispanic

8

9

American Indian/ Alaska Native

10

Below basic

11

Basic or above3

12

Proficient or above4

13

Advanced5

14

15

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Ohio ................................................... Oklahoma .......................................... Oregon............................................... Pennsylvania9 .................................... Rhode Island9 ....................................

— — — 215 220

(†) (†) (†) (1.6) (1.3)

— 219 212 — 218

(†) (1.2) (1.8) (†) (1.4)

222 213 220 221 220

(1.3) (1.2) (1.4) (1.2) (1.2)

222 214 218 219 216

(1.2) (1.2) (1.3) (1.3) (1.3)

223 214 217 223 216

(1.4) (1.1) (1.4) (1.3) (1.2)

230 219 223 229 224

(1.3) (1.3) (1.2) (1.3) (1.1)

197 197 200 200 197

(1.9) (2.9) (4.8) (2.5) (3.2)

211 204 194 203 192

(5.6) (3.2) (2.2) (4.3) (2.5)

‡ ‡ 221 234 219

(†) (†) (4.2) (5.4) (6.1)

‡ 211 ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (1.8) (†) (†) (†)

31 40 38 31 38

(1.6) (1.6) (1.7) (1.6) (1.5)

69 60 62 69 62

(1.6) (1.6) (1.7) (1.6) (1.5)

34 25 29 36 30

(1.6) (1.5) (1.5) (1.5) (1.3)

8 5 7 9 7

(0.9) (0.7) (0.7) (0.8) (0.8)

South Carolina................................... South Dakota..................................... Tennessee8,9 ..................................... Texas ................................................. Utah ...................................................

203 — 213 212 217

(1.4) (†) (1.7) (1.9) (1.3)

209 — 212 214 216

(1.4) (†) (1.4) (1.9) (1.2)

214 — 214 217 222

(1.3) (†) (1.2) (1.7) (1.0)

215 222 212 215 219

(1.3) (1.2) (1.6) (1.0) (1.0)

213 222 214 219 221

(1.3) (0.5) (1.4) (0.8) (1.1)

225 222 222 232 226

(1.7) (0.6) (1.5) (1.0) (1.0)

197 ‡ 195 206 ‡

(1.4) (†) (2.5) (1.7) (†)

215 ‡ 199 210 199

(4.4) (†) (4.9) (1.2) (2.4)

‡ ‡ ‡ 234 218

(†) (†) (†) (3.6) (4.2)

‡ 201 ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (2.3) (†) (†) (†)

43 30 41 36 32

(1.7) (1.1) (1.7) (1.1) (1.3)

57 70 59 64 68

(1.7) (1.1) (1.7) (1.1) (1.3)

26 33 27 29 34

(1.3) (1.3) (1.8) (0.9) (1.3)

6 6 6 6 8

(0.7) (0.7) (0.8) (0.5) (0.8)

Vermont ............................................. Virginia............................................... Washington8 ...................................... West Virginia...................................... Wisconsin7,8,9 .................................... Wyoming............................................

— 213 213 213 224 221

(†) (1.5) (1.5) (1.1) (1.1) (1.2)

— 217 218 216 222 218

(†) (1.2) (1.4) (1.7) (1.1) (1.5)

227 225 224 219 — 221

(1.1) (1.3) (1.2) (1.2) (†) (1.0)

226 223 221 219 221 222

(0.9) (1.5) (1.1) (1.0) (0.8) (0.8)

227 226 224 215 221 223

(0.9) (0.8) (1.1) (0.8) (1.0) (0.7)

227 233 228 215 227 227

(0.9) (1.0) (1.1) (0.8) (1.0) (0.8)

‡ 207 212 202 194 199

(†) (1.2) (2.8) (3.2) (2.5) (†)

‡ 218 202 ‡ 208 204

(†) (2.2) (2.5) (†) (3.5) (3.3)

‡ 239 230 ‡ 226 ‡

(†) (2.7) (2.6) (†) (4.5) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

28 28 30 40 33 29

(1.3) (1.5) (1.4) (1.1) (1.3) (1.2)

72 72 70 61 67 71

(1.3) (1.5) (1.4) (1.1) (1.3) (1.2)

39 37 36 26 33 35

(1.2) (1.4) (1.4) (1.0) (1.4) (1.4)

10 8 8 5 7 7

(1.0) (0.8) (0.9) (0.7) (0.7) (0.6)

Department of Defense dependents schools10 ..................................... Domestic schools........................... Overseas schools ..........................

— — 218

(†) (†) (0.9)

— 219 221

(†) (1.6) (1.0)

— 225 224

(†) (0.7) (0.5)

— 223 225

(†) (1.2) (0.6)

226 — —

(0.6) (†) (†)

232 — —

(0.9) (†) (†)

218 — —

(2.0) (†) (†)

219 — —

(1.7) (†) (†)

223 — —

(3.0) (†) (†)

‡ — —

(†) (†) (†)

25 — —

(1.0) (†) (†)

75 — —

(1.0) (†) (†)

36 — —

(1.4) (†) (†)

7 — —

(0.8) (†) (†)

Other jurisdictions Guam ............................................. Virgin Islands .................................

181 —

(1.2) (†)

— 174

(†) (2.2)

185 179

(1.3) (1.9)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1 Based on school records. 2Achievement levels are in trial status. 3The basic level denotes partial mastery of the knowledge and skills that are fundamental for proficient work at the 4thgrade level. 4This level represents solid academic performance for 4th-graders. Students reaching this level have demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter. 5 This level signifies superior performance. 6Based on nationally representative sample. Forty-one states and Guam participated in the test in 1994; 44 jurisdictions (state, territory, and Department of Defense schools) participated in 1998; 50 participated in 2002; and 53 participated in 2003 and 2005.

7

Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 1998. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. 8Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 2002. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. 9Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 1994. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. 10 The definition of the national sample changed in 2005; it now includes all of the Department of Defense schools. NOTE: The reading data include students for whom accommodations were permitted. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), Reading Report Card for the Nation and the States, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2003, and 2005; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved October 2005. (This table was prepared October 2005.)

196 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 112. Average scale score in reading and percentage of 4th-graders in public schools attaining reading achievement levels, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1994 through 2005—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 197 Educational Achievement

Table 113. Average scale score in reading and percentage of 8th-graders in public schools attaining reading achievement levels, by locale and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1998 through 2005 Percent attaining reading achievement levels, 20051

2005 Locale

State or jurisdiction

1998 average

1

2002 average

2

2003 average

3

Below basic

4

Basic or above2

5

Proficient or above3

6

Advanced4

7

Average

8

Urban fringe/ Central city large town

9

10

Rural/ small town

11

12

United States5 ........

261

(0.8)

263

(0.5)

261

(0.2)

29

(0.2)

71

(0.2)

29

(0.2)

3

(0.1)

260

(0.2)

254

(0.4)

264

(0.3)

262

(0.4)

Alabama .......................... Alaska.............................. Arizona ............................ Arkansas.......................... California6,7,8 ...................

255 — 260 256 252

(1.4) (†) (1.1) (1.3) (1.6)

253 — 257 260 250

(1.3) (†) (1.3) (1.1) (1.8)

253 256 255 258 251

(1.5) (1.1) (1.4) (1.3) (1.3)

37 30 35 31 40

(1.4) (1.3) (1.3) (1.4) (0.7)

63 70 65 69 60

(1.4) (1.3) (1.3) (1.4) (0.7)

22 26 23 26 21

(1.4) (1.4) (1.1) (1.3) (0.6)

2 2 2 2 2

(0.6) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.2)

252 259 255 258 250

(1.4) (0.9) (1.0) (1.1) (0.6)

246 ‡ 253 257 249

(2.8) (†) (1.5) (2.8) (0.9)

260 ‡ 258 261 251

(3.1) (†) (2.2) (2.0) (0.9)

250 ‡ 253 257 257

(1.6) (†) (4.5) (1.3) (3.6)

Colorado .......................... Connecticut...................... Delaware.......................... District of Columbia ......... Florida..............................

264 270 254 236 255

(1.0) (1.0) (1.3) (2.1) (1.4)

— 267 267 240 261

(†) (1.2) (0.5) (0.9) (1.6)

268 267 265 239 257

(1.2) (1.1) (0.7) (0.8) (1.3)

25 26 20 55 34

(1.3) (1.2) (1.1) (1.2) (1.4)

75 75 80 45 66

(1.3) (1.2) (1.1) (1.2) (1.4)

32 34 30 12 25

(1.4) (1.6) (0.9) (0.9) (1.1)

4 4 2 1 2

(0.5) (0.8) (0.4) (0.3) (0.3)

265 264 266 238 256

(1.1) (1.3) (0.6) (0.9) (1.2)

260 245 266 238 252

(2.1) (3.0) (2.4) (0.9) (2.4)

268 270 265 ‡ 257

(1.5) (1.5) (0.7) (†) (1.5)

266 269 269 ‡ 257

(2.0) (1.8) (1.4) (†) (2.6)

Georgia............................ Hawaii .............................. Idaho................................ Illinois............................... Indiana.............................

257 249 — — —

(1.4) (1.0) (†) (†) (†)

258 252 266 — 265

(1.0) (0.9) (1.1) (†) (1.3)

258 251 264 266 265

(1.1) (0.9) (0.9) (1.0) (1.0)

33 42 24 25 27

(1.5) (1.0) (1.4) (1.2) (1.3)

67 58 76 75 73

(1.5) (1.0) (1.4) (1.2) (1.3)

25 18 32 31 28

(1.6) (1.0) (1.2) (1.3) (1.5)

3 1 2 3 2

(0.5) (0.2) (0.6) (0.6) (0.4)

257 249 264 264 261

(1.3) (0.9) (1.1) (1.0) (1.1)

245 255 266 256 254

(2.8) (1.6) (1.3) (1.9) (2.1)

261 249 264 268 265

(2.1) (1.4) (1.4) (1.5) (2.0)

257 243 263 266 263

(2.1) (1.5) (2.0) (2.1) (1.6)

Iowa ................................. Kansas6,7,8 ...................... Kentucky .......................... Louisiana ......................... Maine...............................

— 268 262 252 271

(†) (1.4) (1.4) (1.4) (1.2)

— 269 265 256 270

(†) (1.3) (1.0) (1.5) (0.9)

268 266 266 253 268

(0.8) (1.5) (1.3) (1.6) (1.0)

21 22 25 36 19

(1.0) (1.3) (1.5) (2.2) (1.0)

79 78 75 64 81

(1.0) (1.3) (1.5) (2.2) (1.0)

34 35 31 20 38

(1.5) (1.4) (1.4) (1.5) (1.4)

3 3 3 1 4

(0.4) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4) (0.6)

267 267 264 253 270

(0.9) (1.0) (1.1) (1.6) (1.0)

262 262 271 247 269

(1.5) (2.6) (2.3) (2.8) (2.6)

272 270 262 255 277

(2.3) (1.7) (2.1) (2.8) (2.1)

268 267 263 255 269

(1.4) (1.1) (1.6) (1.9) (1.1)

Maryland6,7 ...................... Massachusetts................. Michigan .......................... Minnesota6,7 .................... Mississippi .......................

261 269 — 265 251

(1.8) (1.4) (†) (1.4) (1.2)

263 271 265 — 255

(1.7) (1.3) (1.6) (†) (0.9)

262 273 264 268 255

(1.4) (1.0) (1.8) (1.1) (1.4)

31 17 27 20 40

(1.7) (1.0) (1.4) (1.2) (1.7)

69 83 73 80 60

(1.7) (1.0) (1.4) (1.2) (1.7)

30 44 29 37 19

(1.4) (1.6) (1.6) (1.6) (1.4)

4 5 2 3 1

(0.5) (0.7) (0.5) (0.5) (0.3)

261 274 261 268 251

(1.2) (1.0) (1.2) (1.2) (1.3)

251 258 251 264 246

(3.6) (1.4) (2.9) (3.2) (2.9)

262 280 265 272 254

(1.5) (1.3) (1.4) (1.6) (2.2)

266 282 266 267 250

(2.7) (3.1) (2.2) (1.6) (1.8)

Missouri ........................... Montana6,7 ....................... Nebraska ......................... Nevada ............................ New Hampshire ...............

262 271 — 258 —

(1.3) (1.3) (†) (1.0) (†)

268 270 270 251 —

(1.0) (1.0) (0.9) (0.8) (†)

267 270 266 252 271

(1.0) (1.0) (0.9) (0.8) (0.9)

24 19 20 37 20

(1.3) (1.0) (1.0) (1.3) (1.1)

76 82 80 63 80

(1.3) (1.0) (1.0) (1.3) (1.1)

31 37 35 22 38

(1.4) (1.2) (1.5) (0.9) (1.6)

3 3 3 1 4

(0.4) (0.6) (0.5) (0.5) (0.5)

265 269 268 253 270

(1.0) (0.7) (0.9) (1.0) (1.2)

258 270 266 253 264

(3.0) (1.6) (1.6) (1.4) (2.1)

267 271 268 251 270

(1.3) (1.8) (1.6) (1.4) (2.0)

266 268 268 256 272

(1.6) (0.9) (1.4) (1.5) (1.9)

New Jersey ...................... New Mexico ..................... New York6,7 ...................... North Carolina ................. North Dakota7 ..................

— 258 265 262 —

(†) (1.2) (1.5) (1.1) (†)

— 254 264 265 268

(†) (1.0) (1.5) (1.1) (0.8)

268 252 265 262 270

(1.2) (0.9) (1.3) (1.0) (0.8)

20 38 25 31 17

(1.5) (1.5) (0.9) (1.3) (1.1)

80 62 75 69 83

(1.5) (1.5) (0.9) (1.3) (1.1)

38 19 34 27 37

(1.7) (1.1) (1.3) (1.2) (1.3)

4 1 3 2 3

(0.6) (0.2) (0.5) (0.4) (0.6)

269 251 265 258 270

(1.2) (1.0) (1.0) (0.9) (0.6)

‡ 256 252 257 271

(†) (1.9) (1.5) (1.6) (1.5)

270 249 275 261 270

(1.2) (1.9) (1.4) (1.9) (1.8)

278 248 272 258 270

(3.0) (1.7) (1.4) (1.5) (0.8)

Ohio ................................. Oklahoma ........................ Oregon3 ........................... Pennsylvania. Rhode Island ...................

— 265 266 — 264

(†) (1.2) (1.5) (†) (0.9)

268 262 268 265 262

(1.6) (0.8) (1.3) (1.0) (0.8)

267 262 264 264 261

(1.3) (0.9) (1.2) (1.2) (0.7)

23 28 26 23 29

(1.4) (1.6) (1.3) (1.6) (1.1)

78 72 74 77 71

(1.4) (1.6) (1.3) (1.6) (1.1)

36 25 33 36 29

(1.4) (1.4) (1.5) (1.6) (1.0)

4 1 3 3 3

(0.7) (0.4) (0.5) (0.6) (0.4)

267 260 263 267 261

(1.3) (1.1) (1.1) (1.3) (0.7)

248 252 264 247 245

(3.1) (4.0) (2.2) (3.9) (1.4)

272 264 264 273 267

(1.6) (1.3) (1.7) (1.9) (1.0)

272 259 261 268 275

(2.2) (1.4) (1.9) (1.4) (1.8)

South Carolina................. South Dakota ................... Tennessee7 ...................... Texas ............................... Utah .................................

255 — 258 261 263

(1.1) (†) (1.2) (1.4) (1.0)

258 — 260 262 263

(1.1) (†) (1.4) (1.4) (1.1)

258 270 258 259 264

(1.3) (0.8) (1.2) (1.1) (0.8)

33 18 29 31 27

(1.3) (0.8) (1.2) (0.8) (0.9)

67 82 71 69 73

(1.3) (0.8) (1.2) (0.8) (0.9)

25 35 26 26 29

(1.2) (1.1) (1.4) (0.8) (1.2)

2 2 1 2 2

(0.4) (0.3) (0.5) (0.3) (0.4)

257 269 259 258 262

(1.1) (0.6) (0.9) (0.6) (0.8)

259 267 252 256 261

(2.5) (1.1) (1.7) (1.1) (1.4)

262 271 264 261 262

(1.6) (2.4) (2.3) (1.1) (1.0)

253 269 260 259 264

(1.5) (0.7) (1.6) (1.6) (3.0)

Vermont ........................... Virginia............................. Washington7 .................... West Virginia.................... Wisconsin6,7 .................... Wyoming..........................

— 266 264 262 265 263

(†) (1.1) (1.2) (1.0) (1.8) (1.3)

272 269 268 264 — 265

(0.9) (1.0) (1.2) (1.0) (†) (0.7)

271 268 264 260 266 267

(0.8) (1.1) (0.9) (1.0) (1.3) (0.5)

21 22 25 33 23 19

(1.0) (1.2) (1.3) (1.5) (1.3) (1.0)

79 78 75 67 77 81

(1.0) (1.2) (1.3) (1.5) (1.3) (1.0)

37 36 34 22 35 36

(1.2) (1.4) (1.5) (1.3) (1.4) (1.4)

4 3 3 1 3 2

(0.4) (0.5) (0.4) (0.3) (0.5) (0.4)

269 268 265 255 266 268

(0.8) (1.0) (1.3) (1.2) (1.1) (0.7)

‡ 260 264 261 255 267

(†) (1.7) (2.4) (2.0) (2.6) (1.6)

‡ 273 265 259 276 270

(†) (1.6) (1.5) (2.7) (1.6) (3.7)

‡ 266 265 252 266 269

(†) (2.1) (2.3) (1.3) (1.6) (0.8)

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

198 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 113. Average scale score in reading and percentage of 8th-graders in public schools attaining reading achievement levels, by locale and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1998 through 2005—Continued Percent attaining reading achievement levels, 20051

2005 Locale

State or jurisdiction

1998 average

2002 average

2003 average

Below basic

Basic or above2

Proficient or above3

Advanced4

Average

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1

Urban fringe/ Central city large town 10

Rural/ small town

11

12

Department of Defense dependents schools9 Domestic schools......... Overseas schools ........

— 268 269

(†) (4.5) 1.0

— 272 273

(†) (1.0) (0.6)

— 269 273

(†) (1.4) (0.7)

16 — —

(1.2) (†) (†)

84 — —

(1.2) (†) (†)

37 — —

(1.4) (†) (†)

2 — —

(0.5) (†) (†)

271 — —

(0.7) (†) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†)

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ......... Guam ........................... Virgin Islands ...............

— — 231

(†) (†) (2.1)

198 240 241

(1.7) (1.2) (1.3)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1 Achievement levels are in trial status. 2The basic level denotes partial mastery of the knowledge and skills that are fundamental for proficient work at the 8th-grade level. 3 This level represents solid academic performance for 8th-graders. Students reaching this level have demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter. 4This level signifies superior performance. 5 Based on nationally representative sample. Forty-four jurisdictions (state, District of Columbia, territory, and Department of Defense overseas schools) participated in 1998; 50 participated in 2002; and 53 participated in 2003 and 2005. 6 Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 1998. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias.

7

Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 2002. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 2003. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. 9The definition of the national sample changed in 2005; it now includes all of the Department of Defense schools. NOTE: The reading data include students for whom accommodations were permitted. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), Reading Report Card for the Nation and the States, 2002, 2003, and 2005; unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved October 2005. (This table was prepared October 2005.) 8Did

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 114. Percentage of students at or above selected writing proficiency levels, by grade level and selected student characteristics: 2002 Percentage of 4th-graders Selected student characteristic

Below basic At or above basic

1

2

Percentage of 8th-graders

At or above proficient

At advanced

4

5

3

Below basic At or above basic 6

Percentage of 12th-graders

At or above proficient

At advanced

8

9

7

Below basic At or above basic 10

At or above proficient

11

At advanced

12

13

All students ...................

14

(0.4)

86

(0.4)

28

(0.4)

2

(0.1)

15

(0.4)

85

(0.4)

31

(0.6)

2

(0.1)

26

(0.7)

74

(0.7)

24

(0.8)

2

(0.2)

Sex Male .................................... Female ................................

19 9

(0.5) (0.3)

81 91

(0.5) (0.3)

20 36

(0.5) (0.6)

1 3

(0.1) (0.2)

21 9

(0.6) (0.3)

79 91

(0.6) (0.3)

21 42

(0.6) (0.8)

1 3

(0.1) (0.2)

37 15

(1.0) (0.7)

63 85

(1.0) (0.7)

14 33

(0.8) (1.0)

1 3

(0.1) (0.3)

9 21 22 7

(0.2) (0.6) (1.1) (0.8)

91 79 78 93

(0.2) (0.6) (1.1) (0.8)

35 15 18 42

(0.4) (0.7) (0.7) (2.0)

3 1 1 4

(0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.7)

9 25 27 10

(0.4) (1.0) (0.8) (1.0)

91 75 73 90

(0.4) (1.0) (0.8) (1.0)

39 13 17 42

(0.6) (0.6) (0.9) (2.3)

3 # 1 3

(0.2) (0.1) (0.2) (0.6)

20 41 38 24

(0.7) (1.8) (1.5) (2.5)

80 59 62 76

(0.7) (1.8) (1.5) (2.5)

28 9 13 26

(0.9) (1.0) (1.2) (3.2)

2 # # 3

(0.3) (†) (0.2) (1.0)

20

(1.2)

80

(1.2)

16

(1.0)

1

(0.3)

23

(2.5)

77

(2.5)

18

(2.9)

1

(#)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

Parents’ highest level of education Not high school graduate .... Graduated high school........ Some college ...................... Graduated college ..............

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

26 19 11 9

(1.3) (0.7) (0.6) (0.4)

74 81 89 91

(1.3) (0.7) (0.6) (0.4)

14 20 31 43

(1.0) (0.6) (0.8) (0.8)

# 1 1 4

(†) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2)

43 32 23 18

(2.1) (1.2) (1.0) (0.9)

57 68 77 82

(2.1) (1.2) (1.0) (0.9)

8 14 22 32

(1.4) (1.1) (1.3) (1.0)

# 1 1 3

(†) (0.2) (0.2) (0.4)

Free/reduced-price lunch eligibility Eligible ................................ Not eligible .......................... Information not available .....

22 8 10

(0.8) (0.3) (1.1)

78 92 90

(0.8) (0.3) (1.1)

15 36 34

(0.5) (0.6) (1.6)

1 3 3

(0.1) (0.2) (0.3)

26 9 11

(0.6) (0.4) (0.7)

74 91 89

(0.6) (0.4) (0.7)

16 39 39

(0.6) (0.8) (1.7)

1 3 4

(0.1) (0.2) (0.6)

40 23 19

(1.5) (0.8) (1.3)

60 77 81

(1.5) (0.8) (1.3)

11 26 29

(1.0) (1.0) (1.6)

1 2 2

(0.2) (0.3) (0.4)

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. NOTE: Includes public and private schools. Excludes persons unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability (and the accommodations provided were not sufficient to enable the test to properly reflect the students’ writing proficiency). Beginning in 2002, the NAEP national sample was obtained by aggregating the samples from each state, rather than by

obtaining an independently selected national sample. As a consequence, the size of the national sample increased, and smaller differences between years or between types of students were found to be statistically significant than would have been detected in previous assessments. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2002 Writing Assessment; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/ nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved August 2003. (This table was prepared August 2003.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 199 Educational Achievement

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............ Black, non-Hispanic ............ Hispanic .............................. Asian/Pacific Islander.......... American Indian/Alaska Native............................

Table 115. Percentage of students at or above selected U.S. history proficiency levels, by grade level and selected student characteristics: 2001 Percentage of 4th-graders Selected student characteristic

Below basic At or above basic

1

2

Percentage of 8th-graders

At or above proficient

At advanced

4

5

3

Below basic At or above basic 6

Percentage of 12th-graders

At or above proficient

At advanced

8

9

7

Below basic At or above basic 10

At or above proficient

11

At advanced

12

13

All students ...................

33

(1.1)

67

(1.1)

18

(1.0)

2

(0.5)

36

(0.9)

64

(0.9)

17

(0.8)

2

(0.3)

57

(1.2)

43

(1.2)

11

(0.9)

1

(0.4)

Sex Male .................................... Female ................................

34 32

(1.3) (1.4)

66 68

(1.3) (1.4)

19 17

(1.2) (1.1)

2 2

(0.7) (0.4)

35 37

(1.1) (1.2)

65 63

(1.1) (1.2)

18 15

(1.0) (0.8)

2 1

(0.3) (0.4)

55 59

(1.6) (1.3)

45 41

(1.6) (1.3)

12 10

(1.1) (0.9)

1 1

(0.5) (0.3)

21 56 58 29

(1.3) (2.1) (3.0) (3.8)

79 44 42 71

(1.3) (2.1) (3.0) (3.8)

24 6 7 19

(1.4) (1.0) (1.1) (3.2)

3 # 1 3

(0.7) (0.3) (0.3) (1.9)

25 62 60 32

(1.0) (2.4) (1.7) (3.8)

75 38 40 68

(1.0) (2.4) (1.7) (3.8)

21 4 5 20

(1.1) (0.8) (0.7) (3.6)

2 # # 2

(0.4) (†) (0.2) (0.8)

51 80 74 47

(1.4) (1.5) (2.4) (5.1)

49 20 26 53

(1.4) (1.5) (2.4) (5.1)

13 3 5 21

(1.0) (0.6) (1.1) (6.0)

1 # # 5

(0.4) (†) (†) (2.3)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............ Black, non-Hispanic ............ Hispanic .............................. Asian/Pacific Islander.......... American Indian/Alaska Native............................

47

(6.4)

53

(6.4)

12

(4.6)

4

(†)

50

(7.1)

50

(7.1)

8

(3.5)

1

(†)

66

(7.2)

34

(†)

1

(†)

#

(†)

Parents’ highest level of education Not high school graduate .... Graduated high school........ Some college ...................... Graduated college ..............

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

59 48 30 22

(3.3) (1.7) (1.3) (1.0)

41 52 70 78

(3.3) (1.7) (1.3) (1.0)

3 7 14 27

(1.8) (1.0) (1.3) (1.1)

# # 1 3

(†) (†) (0.3) (0.5)

80 74 61 42

(2.1) (1.3) (1.3) (1.5)

20 26 39 58

(2.1) (1.3) (1.3) (1.5)

2 4 8 18

(0.7) (0.8) (0.7) (1.5)

# # 1 2

(†) (0.1) (0.2) (0.8)

Free/reduced-price lunch eligibility Eligible ................................ Not eligible .......................... Not available .......................

53 21 25

(1.7) (1.7) (2.8)

47 79 75

(1.7) (1.7) (2.8)

6 25 24

(0.8) (1.6) (2.9)

1 3 3

(0.2) (0.8) (1.1)

59 27 30

(1.4) (1.2) (2.4)

41 73 70

(1.4) (1.2) (2.4)

6 20 22

(0.7) (1.2) (2.1)

# 2 3

(0.2) (0.3) (0.6)

77 55 47

(1.8) (1.5) (2.9)

23 45 53

(1.8) (1.5) (2.9)

3 11 17

(0.7) (1.1) (2.3)

# 1 2

(†) (0.6) (0.6)

Region Northeast ............................ Southeast............................ Central ................................ West....................................

27 34 25 41

(3.1) (2.7) (2.3) (2.5)

73 66 75 59

(3.1) (2.7) (2.3) (2.5)

23 16 24 13

(2.9) (2.2) (2.4) (1.2)

3 2 3 1

(1.1) (1.2) (1.1) (0.4)

28 38 29 45

(2.2) (2.3) (2.2) (1.7)

72 62 71 55

(2.2) (2.3) (2.2) (1.7)

22 16 19 12

(2.1) (1.3) (1.5) (1.3)

2 2 2 1

(0.8) (0.4) (0.5) (0.2)

55 61 54 58

(3.8) (2.3) (2.2) (2.2)

45 39 46 42

(3.8) (2.3) (2.2) (2.2)

13 10 11 11

(3.2) (1.3) (1.3) (1.5)

2 1 1 1

(†) (0.3) (0.4) (0.4)

—Not available †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero.

NOTE: Includes public and private schools. Excludes persons unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability (and the accommodations provided were not sufficient to enable the test to properly reflect the students’ history proficiency). Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), The Nation’s Report Card: U.S. History 2001. (This table was prepared May 2002.)

200 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

_

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 201 Educational Achievement

Table 116. Average student scale score in geography and U.S. history, by grade level and selected student characteristics: 2001

Selected student characteristic

Percentage distribution of 12th-graders in geography

1

Average geography scores

4th-graders

2

8th-graders

3

12th-graders

4

Percentage distribution of 12th-graders in U.S. history

5

Average U.S. history scores

4th-graders

6

8th-graders

7

12th-graders

8

9

All students .....................

100

(0.0)

209

(1.0)

262

(0.9)

285

(0.8)

100

(0.0)

209

(1.0)

262

(0.8)

287

(1.0)

Sex Male ...................................... Female ..................................

48 52

(0.8) (0.8)

212 207

(1.1) (1.2)

264 260

(1.0) (1.1)

287 282

(0.9) (0.8)

49 51

(0.6) (0.6)

209 209

(1.1) (1.2)

264 261

(0.9) (0.9)

288 286

(1.3) (0.9)

70 13 12 5

(0.3) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2)

222 181 184 212

(1.0) (1.8) (2.8) (2.7)

273 234 240 266

(1.0) (1.7) (1.7) (2.5)

291 260 270 286

(0.9) (1.4) (1.5) (2.9)

70 13 12 5

(0.4) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2)

220 188 186 213

(1.1) (1.8) (2.5) (2.7)

271 243 243 267

(0.8) (1.8) (1.5) (3.4)

292 269 274 295

(1.0) (1.5) (1.7) (4.6)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic.............. Black, non-Hispanic .............. Hispanic ................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............ American Indian/Alaska Native..............................

1

(0.2)

199

(3.6)

261

(5.8)

288

(†)

1

(0.2)

197

(6.9)

249

(4.5)

277

(†)

Parents’ highest level of education Not high school graduate ...... Graduated high school.......... Some college ........................ Graduated college ................

7 19 25 46

(0.4) (0.7) (0.7) (1.1)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

241 253 266 274

(1.7) (1.2) (1.0) (0.9)

269 276 284 293

(1.7) (0.9) (0.9) (1.1)

7 19 25 46

(0.4) (0.6) (0.7) (1.2)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

243 253 265 275

(2.3) (1.1) (1.0) (0.8)

269 274 286 298

(1.5) (1.0) (0.8) (1.3)

Free/reduced-price lunch eligibility Eligible .................................. Not eligible ............................ Not available .........................

16 64 21

(1.0) (2.2) (2.4)

186 221 218

(1.7) (1.2) (2.5)

242 270 266

(1.4) (1.1) (1.8)

269 287 289

(1.6) (1.0) (1.5)

16 64 21

(0.9) (2.2) (2.5)

189 220 217

(1.6) (1.4) (2.8)

245 269 268

(1.2) (0.9) (2.0)

271 289 295

(1.3) (1.2) (2.0)

Region Northeast .............................. Southeast.............................. Central .................................. West......................................

20 21 27 31

(0.9) (1.2) (0.6) (1.4)

214 207 219 200

(2.8) (2.1) (1.8) (2.5)

266 260 270 255

(2.4) (2.0) (2.5) (1.5)

286 281 287 283

(2.8) (1.0) (1.3) (1.3)

21 22 26 31

(0.9) (1.2) (0.6) (1.5)

215 208 217 200

(2.5) (2.6) (2.0) (2.3)

269 261 267 255

(1.9) (2.0) (1.7) (1.3)

289 284 289 286

(3.4) (1.7) (1.4) (1.6)

—Not available. †Not applicable. NOTE: The scores range from 0 to 500 in each test, but the distribution of the scores varies by subject. Therefore, direct score comparisons between the subjects should be avoided. Includes public and private schools. Excludes students unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability (and the accommodations provided were not sufficient

to enable the test to properly reflect the students’ proficiency in geography or history). Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), The Nation’s Report Card: U.S. History 2001; and The Nation’s Report Card: Geography 2001. (This table was prepared July 2002.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Percentage of 4th-graders Selected student characteristic

Below basic At or above basic

1

2

Percentage of 8th-graders

At or above proficient

At advanced

4

5

3

Below basic At or above basic 6

Percentage of 12th-graders

At or above proficient

At advanced

8

9

7

Below basic At or above basic 10

At or above proficient

11

At advanced

12

13

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

All students ...................

26

(1.2)

74

(1.2)

21

(1.0)

2

(0.3)

26

(0.9)

74

(0.9)

30

(1.2)

4

(0.6)

29

(0.9)

71

(0.9)

25

(1.1)

1

(0.3)

Sex Male .................................... Female ................................

25 28

(1.3) (1.6)

75 72

(1.3) (1.6)

24 18

(1.4) (1.1)

3 1

(0.5) (0.4)

25 27

(1.0) (1.2)

75 73

(1.0) (1.2)

33 26

(1.5) (1.4)

5 3

(0.7) (0.6)

27 30

(1.1) (1.0)

73 70

(1.1) (1.0)

28 21

(1.5) (1.0)

2 1

(0.4) (0.3)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............ Black, non-Hispanic ............ Hispanic .............................. Asian/Pacific Islander..........

13 56 51 23

(1.3) (2.1) (3.0) (3.4)

87 44 49 77

(1.3) (2.1) (3.0) (3.4)

29 5 6 25

(1.5) (0.9) (1.0) (3.0)

3 # # 1

(0.5) (†) (†) (0.9)

14 60 52 21

(0.9) (2.3) (1.9) (3.4)

86 40 48 79

(0.9) (2.3) (1.9) (3.4)

39 6 10 32

(1.7) (0.8) (1.0) (3.2)

5 # 1 4

(0.8) (†) (0.2) (1.8)

19 65 48 28

(0.9) (2.3) (2.6) (4.3)

81 35 52 72

(0.9) (2.3) (2.6) (4.3)

31 4 10 26

(1.4) (0.7) (1.4) (4.7)

2 # # 1

(0.4) (†) (0.1) (0.7)

Free/reduced-price lunch eligibility Eligible ................................ Not eligible .......................... Not available .......................

49 14 16

(2.2) (1.1) (2.5)

51 86 84

(2.2) (1.1) (2.5)

6 29 27

(0.9) (1.5) (3.2)

# 3 3

(†) (0.6) (0.8)

50 17 21

(1.8) (0.9) (2.1)

50 83 79

(1.8) (0.9) (2.1)

11 37 33

(1.2) (1.7) (2.5)

1 5 4

(0.3) (0.8) (0.9)

49 25 24

(2.3) (1.2) (2.0)

51 75 76

(2.3) (1.2) (2.0)

11 26 31

(1.6) (1.6) (2.1)

# 1 2

(†) (0.4) (0.4)

Region Northeast ............................ Southeast............................ Central ................................ West....................................

22 28 18 34

(3.7) (2.5) (1.7) (2.7)

78 72 82 66

(3.7) (2.5) (1.7) (2.7)

24 18 30 14

(2.2) (1.9) (2.5) (1.7)

3 1 3 1

(0.9) (0.6) (0.7) (0.3)

22 27 18 34

(2.5) (2.4) (2.3) (1.7)

78 73 82 66

(2.5) (2.4) (2.3) (1.7)

34 26 38 23

(3.3) (1.6) (3.7) (1.7)

4 3 6 2

(1.3) (0.6) (1.3) (0.6)

29 33 24 30

(2.3) (1.6) (1.8) (1.9)

71 67 76 70

(2.3) (1.6) (1.8) (1.9)

26 21 28 23

(4.1) (1.3) (1.9) (1.8)

2 1 1 1

(1.1) (0.3) (0.5) (0.4)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. NOTE: Includes public and private schools. Excludes students unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability (and the accommodations provided were not sufficient to enable the test to properly reflect the students’ profi-

ciency in geography). Totals include other racial/ethnic groups not shown separately. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), The Nation’s Report Card: Geography 2001. (This table was prepared July 2002.)

202 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 117. Percentage of students at or above selected geography proficiency levels, by grade level and selected student characteristics: 2001

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 203 Educational Achievement

Table 118. Average scale score in mathematics, by age and selected student and school characteristics: Selected years, 1973 through 2004 Selected student and school characteristic 1

1973

1978

1982

1986

1990

1992

1994

1996

1999

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

9-year-olds All students ......................

219

(0.8)

219

(0.8)

219

(1.1)

222

(1.0)

230

(0.8)

230

(0.8)

231

(0.8)

231

(0.8)

232

(0.8)

241

(0.9)

Sex Male ....................................... Female ...................................

218 220

(0.7) (1.1)

217 220

(0.7) (1.0)

217 221

(1.2) (1.2)

222 222

(1.1) (1.2)

229 230

(0.9) (1.1)

231 228

(1.0) (1.0)

232 230

(1.0) (0.9)

233 229

(1.2) (0.7)

233 231

(1.0) (0.9)

243 240

(1.1) (1.1)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............... Black, non-Hispanic ............... Hispanic .................................

225 190 202

(1.0) (1.8) (2.4)

224 192 203

(0.9) (1.1) (2.2)

224 195 204

(1.1) (1.6) (1.3)

227 202 205

(1.1) (1.6) (2.1)

235 208 214

(0.8) (2.2) (2.1)

235 208 212

(0.8) (2.0) (2.3)

237 212 210

(1.0) (1.6) (2.3)

237 212 215

(1.0) (1.4) (1.7)

239 211 213

(0.9) (1.6) (1.9)

247 224 230

(0.9) (2.1) (2.0)

Region Northeast ............................... Southeast............................... Central ................................... West.......................................

227 208 224 216

(1.9) (1.3) (1.5) (2.2)

227 209 224 213

(1.9) (1.2) (1.5) (1.3)

226 210 221 219

(1.8) (2.5) (2.7) (1.8)

226 218 226 217

(2.7) (2.5) (2.3) (2.4)

236 224 231 228

(2.1) (2.4) (1.3) (1.8)

235 221 234 229

(1.9) (1.7) (1.6) (2.3)

238 229 233 226

(2.2) (1.4) (1.8) (1.6)

236 227 233 229

(2.0) (2.0) (2.3) (1.3)

242 226 233 228

(1.7) (2.6) (1.4) (1.7)

245 240 240 241

(2.0) (2.2) (1.5) (1.8)

13-year-olds All students ......................

266

(1.1)

264

(1.1)

269

(1.1)

269

(1.2)

270

(0.9)

273

(0.9)

274

(1.0)

274

(0.8)

276

(0.8)

281

(1.0)

Sex Male ....................................... Female ...................................

265 267

(1.3) (1.1)

264 265

(1.3) (1.1)

269 268

(1.4) (1.1)

270 268

(1.1) (1.5)

271 270

(1.2) (0.9)

274 272

(1.1) (1.0)

276 273

(1.3) (1.0)

276 272

(0.9) (1.0)

277 274

(0.9) (1.1)

283 279

(1.2) (1.0)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............... Black, non-Hispanic ............... Hispanic .................................

274 228 239

(0.9) (1.9) (2.2)

272 230 238

(0.8) (1.9) (2.0)

274 240 252

(1.0) (1.6) (1.7)

274 249 254

(1.3) (2.3) (2.9)

276 249 255

(1.1) (2.3) (1.8)

279 250 259

(0.9) (1.9) (1.8)

281 252 256

(0.9) (3.5) (1.9)

281 252 256

(0.9) (1.3) (1.6)

283 251 259

(0.8) (2.6) (1.7)

288 262 265

(0.9) (1.6) (2.0)

Parents’ highest level of education Not high school graduate ....... Graduated high school........... Some education after high school .............................. Graduated college .................

— —

(†) (†)

245 263

(1.2) (1.0)

251 263

(1.4) (0.8)

252 263

(2.3) (1.2)

253 263

(1.8) (1.2)

256 263

(1.0) (1.2)

255 266

(2.1) (1.1)

254 267

(2.4) (1.1)

256 264

(2.8) (1.1)

262 271

(2.2) (1.7)

— —

(†) (†)

273 284

(1.2) (1.2)

275 282

(0.9) (1.5)

274 280

(0.8) (1.4)

277 280

(1.0) (1.0)

278 283

(1.0) (1.0)

277 285

(1.6) (1.2)

277 283

(1.4) (1.2)

279 286

(0.9) (1.0)

283 292

(1.0) (0.9)

Region Northeast ............................... Southeast............................... Central ................................... West.......................................

275 255 271 262

(2.4) (3.2) (1.8) (1.9)

273 253 269 260

(2.4) (3.3) (1.8) (1.9)

277 258 273 266

(2.0) (2.2) (2.1) (2.4)

277 263 266 270

(2.2) (1.4) (4.5) (2.1)

275 266 272 269

(2.3) (1.9) (2.4) (1.6)

274 271 275 272

(2.2) (2.5) (1.5) (1.4)

284 269 275 272

(1.5) (2.0) (3.4) (1.7)

275 270 280 273

(2.1) (1.8) (1.3) (1.9)

279 270 278 276

(2.7) (2.3) (1.8) (1.4)

284 278 283 280

(2.1) (2.1) (2.2) (1.4)

17-year-olds All students ......................

304

(1.1)

300

(1.0)

298

(0.9)

302

(0.9)

305

(0.9)

307

(0.9)

306

(1.0)

307

(1.2)

308

(1.0)

307

(0.8)

Sex Male ....................................... Female ...................................

309 301

(1.2) (1.1)

304 297

(1.0) (1.0)

301 296

(1.0) (1.0)

305 299

(1.2) (1.0)

306 303

(1.1) (1.1)

309 305

(1.1) (1.1)

309 304

(1.4) (1.1)

310 305

(1.3) (1.4)

310 307

(1.4) (1.0)

308 305

(1.0) (0.9)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............... Black, non-Hispanic ............... Hispanic .................................

310 270 277

(1.1) (1.3) (2.2)

306 268 276

(0.9) (1.3) (2.3)

304 272 277

(0.9) (1.2) (1.8)

308 279 283

(1.0) (2.1) (2.9)

309 289 284

(1.0) (2.8) (2.9)

312 286 292

(0.8) (2.2) (2.6)

312 286 291

(1.1) (1.8) (3.7)

313 286 292

(1.4) (1.7) (2.1)

315 283 293

(1.1) (1.5) (2.5)

313 285 289

(0.7) (1.6) (1.8)

Parents’ highest level of education Not high school graduate ....... Graduated high school........... Some education after high school .............................. Graduated college .................

— —

(†) (†)

280 294

(1.2) (0.8)

279 293

(1.0) (0.8)

279 293

(2.3) (1.0)

285 294

(2.2) (0.9)

285 298

(2.3) (1.7)

284 295

(2.4) (1.1)

281 297

(2.4) (2.4)

289 299

(1.8) (1.6)

287 295

(2.4) (1.1)

— —

(†) (†)

305 317

(0.9) (1.0)

304 312

(0.9) (1.0)

305 314

(1.2) (1.4)

308 316

(1.0) (1.3)

308 316

(1.1) (1.0)

305 318

(1.3) (1.4)

307 317

(1.5) (1.3)

308 317

(1.6) (1.2)

306 317

(1.1) (0.9)

Region Northeast ............................... Southeast............................... Central ................................... West.......................................

312 296 306 303

(1.8) (1.8) (1.8) (2.0)

307 292 305 295

(1.8) (1.7) (1.9) (1.8)

304 292 302 294

(2.0) (2.1) (1.4) (1.9)

307 297 304 299

(1.9) (1.4) (1.9) (2.7)

304 301 311 302

(2.1) (2.3) (2.1) (1.5)

311 301 312 303

(2.0) (1.9) (2.0) (2.3)

313 301 307 305

(2.9) (1.6) (2.2) (2.4)

309 303 314 304

(3.0) (2.1) (2.0) (2.3)

313 300 310 310

(2.4) (1.4) (2.0) (2.0)

310 302 313 303

(1.4) (1.3) (1.0) (1.9)

—Not available. †Not applicable. NOTE: Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Includes public and private schools. A score of 150 implies the knowledge of some basic addition and subtraction facts, and most students at this level can add two-digit numbers without regrouping. They recognize simple situations in which addition and subtraction apply. A score of 200 implies considerable understanding of two-digit numbers and knowledge of some basic multiplication and division facts. A score of 250 implies an initial understanding of the four basic operations. Students at this level can also compare information from graphs and charts and are developing an ability to analyze simple logical relations. A score of 300 implies an ability to compute decimals, simple fractions, and percents. Students at this level can identify geometric figures, measure lengths

and angles, and calculate areas of rectangles. They are developing the skills to operate with signed numbers, exponents, and square roots. A score of 350 implies an ability to apply a range of reasoning skills to solve multistep problems. Students at this level can solve routine problems involving fractions and percents, recognize properties of basic geometric figures, and work with exponents and square roots. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Totals include other racial/ethnic groups not shown separately. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), NAEP 2004 Trends in Academic Progress; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/ nde/), retrieved July 2005. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

9-year-olds1

Selected characteristic

Simple arithmetic facts3

Beginning skills and understanding4

Numerical operations and beginning problem solving5

Moderately complex procedures and reasoning6

Beginning skills and understanding4

Numerical operations and beginning problem solving5

2

3

4

5

6

7

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total 1978.................................... 1982.................................... 1986.................................... 1990.................................... 1992.................................... 1994.................................... 1996.................................... 1999.................................... 2004.................................... Male 1978.................................... 1982.................................... 1986.................................... 1990.................................... 1992.................................... 1994.................................... 1996.................................... 1999.................................... 2004.................................... Female 1978.................................... 1982.................................... 1986.................................... 1990.................................... 1992.................................... 1994.................................... 1996.................................... 1999.................................... 2004.................................... White, non-Hispanic 1978.................................... 1982.................................... 1986.................................... 1990.................................... 1992.................................... 1994.................................... 1996.................................... 1999.................................... 2004.................................... Black, non-Hispanic 1978.................................... 1982.................................... 1986.................................... 1990.................................... 1992.................................... 1994.................................... 1996.................................... 1999.................................... 2004.................................... See notes at end of table.

13-year-olds2

17-year-olds2

Moderately complex Multistep problem solving procedures and algebra7 and reasoning6 8

Beginning skills and understanding4

Numerical operations and beginning problem solving5

Moderately complex procedures and reasoning6

Multistep problem solving and algebra7

10

11

12

13

9

96.7 97.1 97.9 99.1 99.0 99.0 99.1 98.9 99.3

(0.3) (0.3) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.1)

70.4 71.4 74.1 81.5 81.4 82.0 81.5 82.5 88.6

(0.9) (1.2) (1.2) (1.0) (0.8) (0.7) (0.8) (0.8) (0.8)

19.6 18.8 20.7 27.7 27.8 29.9 29.7 30.9 41.9

(0.7) (1.0) (0.9) (0.9) (0.9) (1.1) (1.0) (1.1) (1.2)

0.8 0.6 0.6 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.7 —

(0.1) (0.1) (0.2) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3) (0.3) (†)

94.6 97.7 98.6 98.5 98.7 98.5 98.8 98.7 98.6

(0.5) (0.4) (0.2) (0.2) (0.3) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2)

64.9 71.4 73.3 74.7 77.9 78.1 78.6 78.8 83.5

(1.2) (1.2) (1.6) (1.0) (1.1) (1.1) (0.9) (1.0) (1.0)

18.0 17.4 15.8 17.3 18.9 21.3 20.6 23.2 29.0

(0.7) (0.9) (1.0) (1.0) (1.0) (1.4) (1.2) (1.0) (1.1)

1.0 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.9 —

(0.2) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1) (0.2) (0.2) (0.1) (0.2) (†)

99.8 99.9 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 —

(0.1) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (†)

92.0 93.0 95.6 96.0 96.6 96.5 96.8 96.8 96.7

(0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4)

51.5 48.5 51.7 56.1 59.1 58.6 60.1 60.7 58.6

(1.1) (1.3) (1.4) (1.4) (1.3) (1.4) (1.7) (1.6) (1.3)

7.3 5.5 6.5 7.2 7.2 7.4 7.4 8.4 6.9

(0.4) (0.4) (0.5) (0.6) (0.6) (0.8) (0.8) (0.8) (0.6)

96.2 96.5 98.0 99.0 99.0 99.1 99.1 98.8 99.3

(0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (0.3) (0.3) (0.3) (0.2) (0.3) (0.2)

68.9 68.8 74.0 80.6 81.9 82.3 82.5 82.6 89.3

(1.0) (1.3) (1.4) (1.0) (1.0) (0.9) (1.1) (0.9) (0.9)

19.2 18.1 20.9 27.5 29.4 31.5 32.7 32.4 43.5

(0.6) (1.1) (1.1) (1.0) (1.2) (1.6) (1.7) (1.3) (1.2)

0.7 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.4 1.4 2.0 1.9 —

(0.2) (0.1) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4) (†)

93.9 97.5 98.5 98.2 98.8 98.3 98.7 98.5 98.3

(0.5) (0.6) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.4) (0.3) (0.3) (0.3)

63.9 71.3 73.8 75.1 78.1 78.9 79.8 79.3 82.8

(1.3) (1.4) (1.8) (1.8) (1.6) (1.5) (1.4) (1.1) (1.2)

18.4 18.9 17.6 19.0 20.7 23.9 23.0 25.4 32.6

(0.9) (1.2) (1.1) (1.2) (1.1) (1.6) (1.6) (1.2) (1.6)

1.1 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.2 —

(0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2) (†)

99.9 100.0 99.9 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 —

(0.1) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (†)

93.0 93.9 96.1 95.8 96.9 97.3 97.0 96.5 96.6

(0.5) (0.6) (0.6) (0.8) (0.6) (0.6) (0.7) (0.8) (0.6)

55.1 51.9 54.6 57.6 60.5 60.2 62.7 63.1 60.6

(1.2) (1.5) (1.8) (1.4) (1.8) (2.1) (1.8) (2.1) (1.6)

9.5 6.9 8.4 8.8 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.8 8.8

(0.6) (0.7) (0.9) (0.8) (0.7) (1.0) (1.3) (1.1) (1.0)

97.2 97.6 97.8 99.1 99.0 98.9 99.1 99.0 99.3

(0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.2) (0.2)

72.0 74.0 74.3 82.3 80.9 81.7 80.7 82.5 87.9

(1.1) (1.3) (1.3) (1.3) (1.1) (0.9) (0.9) (1.2) (1.0)

19.9 19.6 20.6 27.9 26.3 28.3 26.7 29.4 40.3

(1.0) (1.1) (1.3) (1.3) (1.5) (1.3) (1.1) (1.4) (1.5)

0.8 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.6 —

(0.2) (0.1) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (†)

95.2 98.0 98.6 98.9 98.6 98.7 98.8 99.0 98.8

(0.5) (0.3) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3)

65.9 71.4 72.7 74.4 77.7 77.3 77.4 78.4 84.1

(1.2) (1.3) (1.9) (1.3) (1.1) (1.0) (1.1) (1.2) (1.1)

17.5 15.9 14.1 15.7 17.2 18.7 18.4 21.0 25.6

(0.7) (1.0) (1.3) (1.0) (1.4) (1.4) (1.5) (1.4) (1.1)

0.9 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.6 —

(0.2) (0.2) (0.1) (0.1) (‡) (0.3) (0.2) (0.3) (†)

99.7 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 —

(0.1) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (†)

91.0 92.1 95.1 96.2 96.3 96.0 96.7 97.2 96.8

(0.6) (0.6) (0.7) (0.8) (0.8) (0.6) (0.6) (0.4) (0.5)

48.2 45.3 48.9 54.7 57.7 57.2 57.6 58.5 56.7

(1.3) (1.4) (1.7) (1.8) (1.6) (1.4) (2.2) (1.9) (1.6)

5.2 4.1 4.7 5.6 5.2 5.5 5.3 7.1 5.1

(0.7) (0.4) (0.6) (0.8) (0.8) (0.9) (0.8) (1.1) (0.6)

98.3 98.5 98.8 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.7

(0.2) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2) (0.1) (0.2) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1)

76.3 76.8 79.6 86.9 86.9 87.0 86.6 88.6 92.6

(1.0) (1.2) (1.3) (0.9) (0.7) (0.8) (0.8) (0.8) (0.6)

22.9 21.8 24.6 32.7 32.4 35.3 35.7 37.1 49.0

(0.9) (1.1) (1.0) (1.0) (1.0) (1.3) (1.4) (1.4) (1.4)

0.9 0.6 0.8 1.5 1.4 1.5 2.0 2.2 —

(0.2) (0.1) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (†)

97.6 99.1 99.3 99.4 99.6 99.3 99.6 99.4 99.1

(0.3) (0.1) (0.3) (0.1) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.3) (0.2)

72.9 78.3 78.9 82.0 84.9 85.5 86.4 86.7 90.5

(0.9) (0.9) (1.7) (1.0) (1.1) (0.9) (1.0) (0.9) (0.8)

21.4 20.5 18.6 21.0 22.8 25.6 25.4 29.0 36.0

(0.7) (1.0) (1.2) (1.2) (1.3) (1.6) (1.5) (1.3) (1.3)

1.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.2 —

(0.2) (0.1) (0.1) (0.2) (0.2) (0.3) (0.2) (0.3) (†)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 —

(‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (†)

95.6 96.2 98.0 97.6 98.3 98.4 98.7 98.7 98.4

(0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4)

57.6 54.7 59.1 63.2 66.4 67.0 68.7 69.9 69.0

(1.1) (1.4) (1.7) (1.6) (1.4) (1.4) (2.2) (2.0) (1.3)

8.5 6.4 7.9 8.3 8.7 9.4 9.2 10.4 8.5

(0.5) (0.5) (0.7) (0.7) (0.9) (1.1) (1.0) (1.1) (0.8)

88.4 90.2 93.9 96.9 96.6 97.4 97.3 96.4 97.6

(1.0) (1.0) (1.4) (0.9) (1.1) (1.0) (0.8) (0.6) (0.7)

42.0 46.1 53.4 60.0 59.8 65.9 65.3 63.3 77.0

(1.4) (2.4) (2.5) (2.8) (2.8) (2.6) (2.4) (2.1) (2.4)

4.1 4.4 5.6 9.4 9.6 11.1 10.0 12.3 23.6

(0.6) (0.8) (0.9) (1.7) (1.4) (1.7) (1.2) (1.5) (2.0)

# # # # # # # # —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

79.7 90.2 95.4 95.4 95.0 95.6 96.2 96.5 97.2

(1.5) (1.6) (0.9) (1.1) (1.4) (1.6) (1.3) (1.1) (0.6)

28.7 37.9 49.0 48.7 51.0 51.0 53.7 50.8 67.2

(2.1) (2.5) (3.7) (3.6) (2.7) (3.9) (2.6) (4.0) (2.2)

2.3 2.9 4.0 3.9 4.0 6.4 4.8 4.4 9.0

(0.5) (1.0) (1.4) (1.6) (0.7) (2.4) (1.1) (1.4) (1.1)

# # # # # # # # —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

98.8 99.7 100.0 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 —

(0.3) (0.2) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (†)

70.7 76.4 85.6 92.4 89.6 90.6 90.6 88.6 91.7

(1.7) (1.5) (2.5) (2.2) (2.5) (1.8) (1.3) (2.0) (1.9)

16.8 17.1 20.8 32.8 29.8 29.8 31.2 26.6 26.0

(1.6) (1.5) (2.8) (4.5) (3.9) (3.4) (2.5) (2.7) (2.6)

# # # 2.0 0.9 # 0.9 1.0 0.9

(†) (†) (†) (1.0) (‡) (†) (‡) (‡) (0.5)

204 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 119. Percentage of students at or above selected mathematics proficiency levels, by age, sex, and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1978 through 2004

Table 119. Percentage of students at or above selected mathematics proficiency levels, by age, sex, and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1978 through 2004—Continued 9-year-olds1

Selected characteristic

Simple arithmetic facts3

Beginning skills and understanding4

Numerical operations and beginning problem solving5

Moderately complex procedures and reasoning6

Beginning skills and understanding4

Numerical operations and beginning problem solving5

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Hispanic 1978.................................... 1982.................................... 1986.................................... 1990.................................... 1992.................................... 1994.................................... 1996.................................... 1999.................................... 2004....................................

13-year-olds2

93.0 94.3 96.4 98.0 97.2 97.2 98.1 98.1 99.6

(1.2) (1.2) (1.3) (0.8) (1.3) (1.2) (0.7) (0.7) (0.2)

54.2 55.7 57.6 68.4 65.0 63.5 67.1 67.5 82.6

(2.8) (2.3) (2.9) (3.0) (2.9) (3.1) (2.1) (2.5) (2.4)

9.2 7.8 7.3 11.3 11.7 9.7 13.8 10.5 26.9

# # # # # # # # —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

86.4 95.9 96.9 96.8 98.1 97.1 96.2 97.2 97.3

(0.9) (0.9) (1.4) (1.1) (0.7) (1.3) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8)

36.0 52.2 56.0 56.7 63.3 59.2 58.3 62.9 68.4

(2.9) (2.5) (5.0) (3.3) (2.7) (2.2) (2.3) (2.5) (3.3)

Moderately complex Multistep problem solving procedures and algebra7 and reasoning6 8 4.0 6.3 5.5 6.4 7.0 6.4 6.7 8.2 14.3

(1.0) (1.0) (1.1) (1.7) (1.2) (1.8) (1.2) (1.4) (1.8)

Beginning skills and understanding4

Numerical operations and beginning problem solving5

Moderately complex procedures and reasoning6

Multistep problem solving and algebra7

10

11

12

13

9 # # # # # # # # —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

99.3 99.8 99.4 99.6 100.0 100.0 99.9 99.9 —

(0.4) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (‡) (†)

78.3 81.4 89.3 85.8 94.1 91.8 92.2 93.6 92.1

(2.3) (1.9) (2.5) (4.2) (2.2) (3.6) (2.2) (2.2) (2.1)

23.4 21.6 26.5 30.1 39.2 38.3 40.1 37.7 32.3

(2.7) (2.2) (4.5) (3.1) (4.9) (5.5) (3.5) (4.1) (2.1)

1.4 0.7 1.1 1.9 1.2 1.4 1.8 3.1 1.3

(0.6) (0.4) (‡) (0.8) (‡) (‡) (‡) (1.1) (0.5)

6Scale

score of 300 or above. score of 350 or above. NOTE: Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Includes public and private schools. Totals include other racial/ethnic groups not shown separately. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1999 NAEP Trends in Academic Progress; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved July 2005. (This table was prepared February 2006.) 7Scale

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 205 Educational Achievement

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Virtually no students were able to perform multistep problems and algebra. 2Virtually all students knew simple arithmetic facts. 3 Scale score of 150 or above. 4Scale score of 200 or above. 5Scale score of 250 or above.

(2.5) (1.7) (2.8) (3.5) (2.5) (1.8) (2.3) (1.6) (2.7)

17-year-olds2

206 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 120. Mathematics performance of 17-year-olds, by highest mathematics course taken, sex, and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1978 through 2004 Average scale score by highest mathematics course taken

Selected characteristic

Percent of students

All areas

Pre-algebra or general mathematics

2

3

4

1 1978 All students ............ Sex Male ............................. Female ......................... Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic..... Black, non-Hispanic ..... Hispanic ....................... Other1 .......................... 1990 All students ............ Sex Male ............................. Female ......................... Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic..... Black, non-Hispanic ..... Hispanic ....................... Other1 .......................... 1994 All students ............ Sex Male ............................. Female ......................... Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic..... Black, non-Hispanic ..... Hispanic ....................... Other1 .......................... 1996 All students ............ Sex Male ............................. Female ......................... Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic..... Black, non-Hispanic ..... Hispanic ....................... Other1 .......................... 1999 All students ............ Sex Male ............................. Female ......................... Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic..... Black, non-Hispanic ..... Hispanic ....................... Other1 .......................... 2004 All students ............ Sex Male ............................. Female ......................... Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic..... Black, non-Hispanic ..... Hispanic ....................... Other1 ..........................

Percent of students at or above score levels

Algebra I

Geometry

Algebra II

Pre-calculus or calculus

200

250

300

350

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

100

(†)

300

(1.0)

267

(0.8)

286

(0.7)

307

(0.7)

321

(0.7)

334

(1.4)

100

(0.1)

92

(0.5)

52

(1.1)

7

(0.4)

49 51

(0.5) (0.5)

304 297

(1.0) (1.0)

269 264

(1.0) (0.9)

289 284

(0.9) (1.0)

310 304

(1.0) (0.8)

325 318

(0.8) (0.9)

337 329

(2.0) (1.8)

100 100

(0.1) (0.1)

93 91

(0.5) (0.6)

55 48

(1.2) (1.3)

10 5

(0.6) (0.7)

83 12 4 1

(1.3) (1.1) (0.5) (0.1)

306 268 276 313

(0.9) (1.3) (2.3) (3.3)

272 247 256 —

(0.6) (1.6) (2.3) (†)

291 264 273 —

(0.6) (1.5) (2.8) (†)

310 281 294 —

(0.6) (1.9) (4.4) (†)

325 292 303 —

(0.6) (1.4) (2.9) (†)

338 297 ‡ —

(1.1) (6.5) (†) (†)

100 99 99 100

(‡) (0.3) (0.4) (‡)

96 71 78 94

(0.3) (1.7) (2.3) (2.6)

58 17 23 65

(1.1) (1.6) (2.7) (4.9)

8 # 1 15

(0.5) (†) (0.6) (3.2)

100

(†)

305

(0.9)

273

(1.1)

288

(1.2)

299

(1.5)

319

(1.0)

344

(2.7)

100

(‡)

96

(0.5)

56

(1.4)

7

(0.6)

49 51

(0.9) (0.9)

306 303

(1.1) (1.1)

274 271

(1.7) (1.8)

291 285

(1.6) (1.8)

302 296

(1.6) (1.8)

323 316

(1.2) (1.1)

347 340

(2.4) (4.0)

100 100

(‡) (‡)

96 96

(0.8) (0.8)

58 55

(1.4) (1.8)

9 6

(0.8) (0.8)

73 16 7 4

(0.5) (0.3) (0.4) (0.5)

309 289 284 312

(1.0) (2.8) (2.9) (5.2)

277 264 — —

(1.1) (2.2) (†) (†)

292 278 — —

(1.6) (4.0) (†) (†)

304 285 — —

(1.3) (3.5) (†) (†)

323 302 306 —

(0.9) (3.2) (3.3) (†)

347 — — —

(2.8) (†) (†) (†)

100 100 100 100

(‡) (‡) (‡) (‡)

98 92 86 98

(0.3) (2.2) (4.2) (‡)

63 33 30 62

(1.6) (4.5) (3.1) (7.0)

8 2 2 16

(0.7) (1.0) (0.8) (4.3)

100

(†)

306

(1.0)

272

(1.2)

288

(1.4)

297

(1.7)

316

(1.0)

340

(2.2)

100

(‡)

97

(0.5)

59

(1.4)

7

(0.8)

49 51

(1.3) (1.3)

309 304

(1.4) (1.1)

274 268

(1.8) (1.9)

289 286

(1.6) (1.9)

301 293

(2.1) (1.8)

320 313

(1.5) (1.1)

343 337

(2.6) (2.8)

100 100

(‡) (‡)

97 96

(0.6) (0.6)

60 57

(2.1) (1.4)

9 6

(1.0) (0.9)

73 15 9 3

(0.5) (0.3) (0.3) (0.3)

312 286 291 313

(1.1) (1.8) (3.7) (4.5)

275 — — —

(1.4) (†) (†) (†)

292 275 — —

(1.7) (3.3) (†) (†)

301 283 — —

(1.5) (3.8) (†) (†)

320 297 304 —

(1.0) (2.5) (4.1) (†)

344 — — —

(2.0) (†) (†) (†)

100 100 100 100

(‡) (‡) (‡) (‡)

98 91 92 97

(0.4) (1.8) (3.6) (‡)

67 30 38 66

(1.4) (3.4) (5.5) (6.6)

9 # 1 12

(1.1) (†) (‡) (3.6)

100

(†)

307

(1.2)

269

(1.9)

283

(1.3)

298

(1.3)

316

(1.3)

339

(1.7)

100

(‡)

97

(0.4)

60

(1.7)

7

(0.8)

50 50

(1.2) (1.2)

310 305

(1.3) (1.4)

272 265

(2.5) (2.2)

286 278

(1.5) (2.2)

302 294

(1.7) (1.5)

320 313

(1.7) (1.4)

342 335

(2.3) (2.2)

100 100

(‡) (‡)

97 97

(0.7) (0.6)

63 58

(1.8) (2.2)

9 5

(1.3) (0.8)

71 15 9 4

(0.6) (0.3) (0.7) (0.7)

313 286 292 312

(1.4) (1.7) (2.1) (5.7)

273 — — —

(2.3) (†) (†) (†)

287 272 — —

(2.0) (2.4) (†) (†)

304 280 — —

(1.6) (3.0) (†) (†)

320 299 306 —

(1.4) (2.2) (2.8) (†)

342 — — —

(1.9) (†) (†) (†)

100 100 100 100

(‡) (‡) (‡) (‡)

99 91 92 97

(0.4) (1.3) (2.2) (1.2)

69 31 40 64

(2.2) (2.5) (3.5) (7.2)

9 1 2 14

(1.0) (‡) (‡) (5.0)

100

(†)

308

(1.0)

278

(2.8)

285

(1.7)

298

(1.2)

315

(0.8)

341

(1.4)

100

(‡)

97

(0.5)

61

(1.6)

8

(0.8)

48 52

(1.0) (1.0)

310 307

(1.4) (1.0)

281 274

(3.2) (3.2)

288 282

(2.6) (2.5)

301 295

(1.8) (1.3)

317 314

(1.3) (1.1)

343 340

(1.9) (2.0)

100 100

(‡) (‡)

96 97

(0.8) (0.4)

63 58

(2.1) (1.9)

10 7

(1.1) (1.1)

72 15 10 4.0

(0.5) (0.4) (0.5) (0.2)

315 283 293 320

(1.1) (1.5) (2.5) (4.0)

282 — — —

(3.4) (†) (†) (†)

290 267 — —

(2.2) (2.9) (†) (†)

303 281 — —

(1.5) (2.5) (†) (†)

320 293 308 —

(0.9) (1.4) (3.0) (†)

343 — — —

(1.5) (†) (†) (†)

100 100 100 100

(‡) (‡) (‡) (‡)

99 89 94 100

(0.4) (2.0) (2.2) (‡)

70 27 38 76

(2.0) (2.7) (4.1) (6.3)

10 1 3 14

(1.1) (‡) (1.1) (4.1)

100

(†)

307

(0.8)

270

(2.6)

282

(1.4)

296

(1.1)

310

(0.7)

336

(1.6)

100

(‡)

97

(0.4)

59

(1.3)

7

(0.6)

48 52

(1.1) (1.1)

308 305

(1.0) (0.9)

273 267

(3.3) (3.6)

286 278

(1.8) (1.8)

298 293

(1.6) (1.5)

313 308

(1.0) (0.9)

339 332

(2.3) (1.3)

100 100

(‡) (‡)

97 97

(0.6) (0.5)

61 57

(1.6) (1.6)

9 5

(1.0) (0.6)

69 13 14 5

(1.5) (1.1) (1.2) (0.5)

313 285 289 320

(0.7) (1.6) (1.8) (2.8)

276 — — —

(2.9) (†) (†) (†)

287 — — —

(1.3) (†) (†) (†)

302 279 285 —

(1.0) (2.0) (3.5) (†)

316 292 293 —

(0.8) (1.5) (2.5) (†)

338 — 321 —

(1.4) (†) (2.6) (†)

100 100 100 100

(‡) (‡) (‡) (‡)

98 92 92 99

(0.4) (1.9) (2.1) (‡)

69 26 32 73

(1.3) (2.6) (2.1) (4.2)

9 1 1 16

(0.8) (0.5) (0.5) (3.8)

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Includes Asian/Pacific Islanders and American Indians/Alaska Natives. NOTE: Score level 200 indicates ability to perform simple additive reasoning and problem solving. Score level 250 indicates ability to perform simple multiplicative reasoning and twostep problem solving. Score level 300 indicates ability to perform reasoning and problem solving involving fractions, decimals, percents, elementary geometry, and simple algebra.

Score level 350 indicates ability to perform reasoning and problem solving involving geometry, algebra, and beginning statistics and probability. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Includes public and private schools. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), NAEP Trends in Academic Progress, 1996 and 1999; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nations reportcard/nde/), retrieved August 2005. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 207 Educational Achievement _

Table 121. Average scale score in mathematics, percentage attaining mathematics achievement levels, and selected statistics on mathematics education of 4th-graders in public schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1992 through 2005 Percent attaining mathematics achievement levels, 20051

Average scale score

State or jurisdiction

1992

1

2000

2

2003

3

2005

4

Below basic

5

Basic or above2

6

Proficient or above3

7

Advanced4

8

Percent of students with 5 or more hours of math instruction each week, 2005

Spending 30 minutes or more on math homework each day5

Watching 6 hours or more of television each day

10

11

United States ..........

219

(0.8)

224

(1.0)

234

(0.2)

237

(0.2)

21

(0.2)

80

(0.2)

35

(0.2)

5

(0.1)

83

(0.4)

49

21

(0.2)

Alabama .......................... Alaska.............................. Arizona ............................ Arkansas.......................... California6 ........................

208 — 215 210 208

(1.6) (†) (1.1) (0.9) (1.6)

217 — 219 216 213

(1.2) (†) (1.3) (1.1) (1.6)

223 233 229 229 227

(1.2) (0.8) (1.1) (0.9) (0.9)

225 236 230 236 230

(0.9) (1.0) (1.1) (0.9) (0.6)

34 23 30 22 29

(1.3) (1.1) (1.3) (1.2) (0.7)

66 77 70 78 71

(1.3) (1.1) (1.3) (1.2) (0.7)

21 34 28 34 28

(1.1) (1.7) (1.6) (1.4) (0.8)

2 5 3 4 4

(0.4) (0.6) (0.7) (0.5) (0.4)

92 78 80 91 87

(1.6) (2.9) (3.2) (1.8) (1.3)

47 — 52 51 56

22 — 19 24 20

(1.1) (†) (1.0) (1.0) (0.7)

Colorado .......................... Connecticut...................... Delaware.......................... District of Columbia ......... Florida..............................

221 227 218 193 214

(1.0) (1.1) (0.8) (0.5) (1.5)

— 234 — 192 —

(†) (1.1) (†) (1.1) (†)

235 241 236 205 234

(1.0) (0.8) (0.5) (0.7) (1.1)

239 242 240 211 239

(1.1) (0.8) (0.5) (0.8) (0.7)

20 16 16 55 18

(1.4) (1.0) (0.8) (1.2) (0.6)

81 84 84 45 82

(1.4) (1.0) (0.8) (1.2) (0.6)

39 43 36 10 37

(1.6) (1.4) (1.2) (0.8) (1.1)

6 7 4 1 5

(0.8) (0.6) (0.5) (0.3) (0.7)

88 86 85 86 86

(1.9) (2.2) (0.4) (0.5) (1.4)

50 42 49 52 50

15 21 25 32 26

(0.8) (0.8) (0.7) (1.0) (1.0)

Georgia............................ Hawaii .............................. Idaho6 .............................. Illinois6 ............................. Indiana6 ...........................

216 214 222 — 221

(1.2) (1.3) (1.0) (†) (1.0)

219 216 224 223 233

(1.1) (1.0) (1.4) (1.9) (1.1)

230 227 235 233 238

(1.0) (1.0) (0.7) (1.1) (0.9)

234 230 242 233 240

(1.0) (0.8) (0.7) (1.0) (0.9)

24 27 14 26 16

(1.3) (1.1) (0.8) (1.2) (0.9)

76 73 86 74 84

(1.3) (1.1) (0.8) (1.2) (0.9)

30 27 40 32 38

(1.5) (1.3) (1.6) (1.5) (1.7)

4 3 5 5 5

(0.5) (0.4) (0.6) (0.8) (0.6)

90 78 77 69 78

(2.1) (3.0) (2.5) (2.9) (2.8)

48 58 49 50 50

23 23 14 21 23

(1.1) (1.1) (0.6) (0.9) (0.9)

Iowa6................................ Kansas6 ........................... Kentucky .......................... Louisiana ......................... Maine6 .............................

230 — 215 204 232

(1.0) (†) (1.0) (1.5) (1.0)

231 232 219 218 230

(1.2) (1.6) (1.4) (1.4) (1.0)

238 242 229 226 238

(0.7) (1.0) (1.1) (1.0) (0.7)

240 246 232 230 241

(0.7) (1.0) (0.9) (0.9) (0.8)

15 12 25 26 16

(1.0) (0.7) (1.2) (1.3) (0.9)

85 88 75 74 84

(1.0) (0.7) (1.2) (1.3) (0.9)

37 47 26 24 39

(1.3) (1.6) (1.4) (1.3) (1.4)

4 8 3 2 5

(0.4) (0.8) (0.5) (0.4) (0.6)

72 92 68 92 77

(3.2) (1.5) (3.3) (2.0) (2.8)

46 48 49 43 46

17 19 24 24 15

(1.0) (1.1) (0.8) (1.2) (0.9)

Maryland.......................... Massachusetts................. Michigan6 ......................... Minnesota6 ...................... Mississippi .......................

217 227 220 228 202

(1.3) (1.2) (1.7) (0.9) (1.1)

222 233 229 234 211

(1.2) (1.2) (1.6) (1.3) (1.1)

233 242 236 242 223

(1.3) (0.8) (0.9) (0.9) (1.0)

238 247 238 246 227

(1.0) (0.8) (1.2) (1.0) (0.9)

21 9 21 12 31

(1.3) (0.7) (1.5) (0.9) (1.4)

79 91 79 88 69

(1.3) (0.7) (1.5) (0.9) (1.4)

38 49 38 47 19

(1.5) (1.5) (1.7) (1.7) (1.2)

7 8 5 8 1

(1.0) (0.7) (0.7) (0.8) (0.3)

95 89 73 81 91

(1.2) (1.9) (3.0) (2.7) (1.5)

42 47 46 48 51

25 19 22 15 24

(1.1) (0.7) (0.9) (0.8) (1.0)

Missouri ........................... Montana6 ......................... Nebraska ......................... Nevada ............................ New Hampshire ...............

222 — 225 — 230

(1.2) (†) (1.2) (†) (1.2)

228 228 225 220 —

(1.2) (1.7) (1.8) (1.0) (†)

235 236 236 228 243

(0.9) (0.8) (0.8) (0.8) (0.9)

235 241 238 230 246

(0.9) (0.8) (0.9) (0.8) (0.9)

21 15 20 28 11

(1.3) (1.1) (1.0) (1.0) (0.9)

79 85 80 72 89

(1.3) (1.1) (1.0) (1.0) (0.9)

31 38 36 26 47

(1.3) (1.4) (1.3) (1.2) (1.5)

3 4 5 3 6

(0.5) (0.5) (0.6) (0.4) (0.6)

83 73 75 92 69

(2.5) (2.0) (2.5) (1.3) (2.9)

49 49 51 47 45

21 13 19 19 15

(1.0) (0.7) (1.1) (0.8) (0.8)

New Jersey ...................... New Mexico ..................... New York6 ........................ North Carolina ................. North Dakota ...................

227 213 218 213 229

(1.5) (1.4) (1.2) (1.1) (0.8)

— 213 225 230 230

(†) (1.5) (1.4) (1.1) (1.2)

239 223 236 242 238

(1.1) (1.1) (0.9) (0.8) (0.7)

244 224 238 241 243

(1.1) (0.8) (0.9) (0.9) (0.5)

14 35 19 17 11

(1.1) (1.5) (1.0) (1.1) (0.8)

86 65 81 83 89

(1.1) (1.5) (1.0) (1.1) (0.8)

45 19 36 40 40

(1.7) (1.1) (1.3) (1.4) (1.5)

8 2 5 7 4

(0.9) (0.4) (0.5) (0.8) (0.6)

78 76 77 86 63

(3.6) (2.0) (2.2) (2.4) (0.6)

45 55 47 50 48

20 18 23 20 14

(1.1) (0.8) (1.0) (0.8) (0.7)

Ohio6 ............................... Oklahoma ........................ Oregon6 ........................... Pennsylvania.................... Rhode Island ...................

219 220 — 224 215

(1.2) (1.0) (†) (1.3) (1.5)

230 224 224 — 224

(1.5) (1.0) (1.8) (†) (1.1)

238 229 236 236 230

(1.0) (1.0) (0.9) (1.1) (1.0)

242 234 238 241 233

(1.0) (1.0) (0.8) (1.2) (0.9)

16 21 20 18 24

(1.2) (1.2) (0.9) (1.2) (1.3)

84 79 80 82 76

(1.2) (1.2) (0.9) (1.2) (1.3)

43 29 37 42 31

(1.5) (1.5) (1.3) (1.6) 1.2

7 2 6 6 4

(0.7) (0.4) (0.6) (0.8) (0.5)

79 75 77 85 87

(2.6) (2.4) (2.8) (2.5) (1.8)

45 48 49 41 44

21 21 16 23 19

(1.0) (1.0) (0.8) (1.0) (1.0)

South Carolina................. South Dakota ................... Tennessee ....................... Texas ............................... Utah .................................

212 — 211 218 224

(1.1) (†) (1.4) (1.2) (1.0)

220 — 220 231 227

(1.4) (†) (1.4) (1.1) (1.3)

236 237 228 237 235

(0.9) (0.7) (1.0) (0.9) (0.8)

238 242 232 242 239

(0.9) (0.5) (1.2) (0.6) (0.8)

19 14 26 13 17

(1.1) (0.8) (1.5) (0.6) (1.0)

82 86 74 87 83

(1.1) (0.8) (1.5) (0.6) (1.0)

36 41 28 40 37

(1.5) (1.3) (1.7) (0.9) (1.5)

5 4 3 5 4

(0.6) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4) (0.6)

86 71 82 92 72

(2.3) (0.6) (2.3) (1.1) (2.5)

47 55 50 53 46

25 14 23 19 15

(0.9) (0.8) (0.9) (0.9) (0.8)

Vermont6 .......................... Virginia............................. Washington...................... West Virginia.................... Wisconsin6 ....................... Wyoming..........................

— 221 — 215 229 225

(†) (1.3) (†) (1.1) (1.1) (0.9)

232 230 — 223 — 229

(1.6) (1.0) (†) (1.3) (†) (1.1)

242 239 238 231 237 241

(0.8) (1.1) (1.0) (0.8) (0.9) (0.6)

244 241 242 231 241 243

(0.5) (0.9) (0.9) (0.7) (0.9) (0.6)

13 17 16 25 16 13

(0.8) (1.1) (1.1) (1.1) (1.2) (0.9)

87 83 84 75 84 87

(0.8) (1.1) (1.1) (1.1) (1.2) (0.9)

44 39 42 25 40 43

(1.1) (1.5) (1.5) (1.3) (1.4) (1.4)

6 6 6 2 5 5

(0.6) (0.8) (0.7) (0.3) (0.6) (0.7)

86 77 86 82 77 88

(0.6) (2.6) (2.1) (2.5) (2.7) (0.4)

47 46 51 47 49 56

14 23 17 22 17 15

(0.9) (1.0) (0.9) (0.9) (0.7) (0.7)

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

9

Percent of students, 2003

12

208 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 121. Average scale score in mathematics, percentage attaining mathematics achievement levels, and selected statistics on mathematics education of 4th-graders in public schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1992 through 2005—Continued Percent attaining mathematics achievement levels, 20051

1992

2000

2003

2005

Below basic

Basic or above2

Proficient or above3

Advanced4

Percent of students with 5 or more hours of math instruction each week, 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Average scale score

State or jurisdiction 1

Percent of students, 2003 Spending 30 minutes or more on math homework each day5

Watching 6 hours or more of television each day 12

Department of Defense dependents schools7 . Domestic schools......... Overseas schools ........

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— 228 226

(†) (1.4) (0.9)

— 237 237

(†) (0.7) (0.5)

239 — —

(0.5) (†) (†)

15 — —

(1.0) (†) (†)

85 — —

(1.0) (†) (†)

35 — —

(1.2) (†) (†)

3 — —

(0.4) (†) (†)

74 — —

(0.5) (†) (†)

— 51 52

— 21 18

(†) (1.2) (0.6)

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ......... Guam ........................... Virgin Islands ...............

— 193 —

(†) (0.8) (†)

152 184 181

(2.5) (1.7) (1.8)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Achievement levels are in trial status. 2The basic level denotes partial mastery of prerequisite knowledge and skills that are fundamental for proficient work at the 4th-grade level. 3 This level represents solid academic mastery for 4th-graders. Students reaching this level have demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter, including subject-matter knowledge, application of such knowledge to real-world situations, and analytical skills appropriate to the subject matter. 4 This level signifies superior performance. 5Percentage of students who report spending 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 1 hour, and over 1 hour on mathematics homework each day. 6 Did not meet one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 2000. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias.

7The

definition of the national sample changed in 2005; it now includes all of the Department of Defense schools. NOTE: Excludes students unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Forty-three jurisdictions (states, the District of Columbia, and Department of Defense schools) participated in the 2000 State Assessment of 4th-graders and met student and school participation criteria for reporting results. Fifty-three jurisdictions participated in the 2003 and 2005 state assessment and met student and school participation criteria for reporting results. Data for 2000, 2003, and 2005 are for situations where student accommodations for the testing were permitted. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), The Nation's Report Card: Mathematics, 2000 and The Nation's Report Card: Mathematics Highlights, 2003 and 2005; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved October 2005. (This table was prepared October 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 122. Average scale score in mathematics and percentage attaining mathematics achievement levels of 8th-graders in public schools, by level of parental education and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990 through 2005

State or jurisdiction 1

Average scale score, by highest level of education attained by parents, 20052

Percent attaining mathematics achievement levels, 20051

Average scale score

1990

1992

1996

2000

2003

2005

Below basic

Basic or above3

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Proficient or above4

Advanced5

Did not finish high school

10

11

12

Some Graduated education after high school high school 13

Graduated college

14

15

262

(1.4)

267

(1.0)

271

(1.2)

272

(0.9)

276

(0.3)

278

(0.2)

32

(0.2)

68

(0.2)

29

(0.2)

6

(0.1)

259

0.5

267

(0.3)

280

(0.3)

289

(0.3)

253 — 260 256 256

(1.1) (†) (1.3) (0.9) (1.3)

252 — 265 256 261

(1.7) (†) (1.3) (1.2) (1.7)

257 278 268 262 263

(2.1) (1.8) (1.6) (1.5) (1.9)

264 — 269 257 260

(1.8) (†) (1.8) (1.5) (2.1)

262 279 271 266 267

(1.5) (0.9) (1.2) (1.2) (1.2)

262 279 274 272 269

(1.5) (0.8) (1.1) (1.2) (0.7)

47 31 36 36 43

(1.9) (1.5) (1.5) (1.6) (0.8)

53 69 64 64 57

(1.9) (1.5) (1.5) (1.6) (0.8)

15 29 26 22 22

(1.4) (1.3) (1.2) (1.1) (0.6)

2 6 5 3 5

(0.7) (0.6) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4)

245 ‡ 255 263 253

(2.8) (†) (1.7) (2.5) (1.2)

254 ‡ 266 264 258

(1.6) (†) (1.6) (1.8) (1.3)

267 ‡ 278 279 274

(1.8) (†) (1.9) (1.5) (1.2)

272 ‡ 290 279 284

(2.1) (†) (1.5) (1.7) (1.0)

Colorado ............................................ Connecticut........................................ Delaware............................................ District of Columbia ........................... Florida................................................

267 270 261 231 255

(0.9) (1.0) (0.9) (0.9) (1.2)

272 274 263 235 260

(1.0) (1.1) (1.0) (0.9) (1.5)

276 280 267 233 264

(1.1) (1.1) (0.9) (1.3) (1.8)

— 281 — 235 —

(†) (1.3) (†) (1.1) (†)

283 284 277 243 271

(1.1) (1.2) (0.7) (0.8) (1.5)

281 281 281 245 274

(1.2) (1.4) (0.6) (0.9) (1.1)

30 30 28 69 35

(1.6) (1.7) (1.0) (1.3) (1.3)

71 70 72 31 65

(1.6) (1.7) (1.0) (1.3) (1.3)

32 35 30 7 26

(1.4) (1.4) (1.0) (0.6) (1.2)

6 8 5 2 5

(0.8) (0.7) (0.5) (0.3) (0.7)

257 252 267 243 260

(1.9) (3.6) (2.7) (3.6) (2.1)

266 264 271 238 267

(2.0) (1.8) (1.7) (1.3) (1.8)

282 280 284 252 279

(1.9) (1.7) (1.2) (1.8) (1.6)

294 294 289 253 282

(1.1) (1.5) (1.0) (1.3) (1.5)

Georgia.............................................. Hawaii ................................................ Idaho6 ................................................ Illinois6 ............................................... Indiana6 .............................................

259 251 271 261 267

(1.3) (0.8) (0.8) (1.7) (1.2)

259 257 275 — 270

(1.2) (0.9) (0.7) (†) (1.1)

262 262 — — 276

(1.6) (1.0) (†) (†) (1.4)

265 262 277 275 281

(1.2) (1.4) (1.0) (1.7) (1.4)

270 266 280 277 281

(1.2) (0.8) (0.9) (1.2) (1.1)

272 266 281 278 282

(1.1) (0.7) (0.9) (1.1) (1.0)

38 44 27 32 26

(1.3) (1.0) (1.1) (1.2) (1.2)

62 56 73 68 74

(1.3) (1.0) (1.1) (1.2) (1.2)

23 18 30 29 30

(1.2) (0.8) (1.2) (1.3) (1.3)

4 3 5 5 5

(0.5) (0.4) (0.6) (0.6) (0.6)

252 250 265 255 264

(2.6) (4.4) (2.3) (2.0) (2.5)

261 255 270 266 274

(2.0) (1.7) (1.9) (1.4) (1.5)

275 271 283 279 286

(1.9) (1.4) (2.2) (1.4) (1.7)

284 274 290 289 291

(1.5) (1.3) (1.0) (1.4) (1.5)

Iowa ................................................... Kansas6 ............................................. Kentucky ............................................ Louisiana ........................................... Maine6 ...............................................

278 — 257 246 —

(1.1) (†) (1.2) (1.2) (†)

283 — 262 250 279

(1.0) (†) (1.1) (1.7) (1.0)

284 — 267 252 284

(1.3) (†) (1.1) (1.6) (1.3)

— 283 270 259 281

(†) (1.7) (1.3) (1.5) (1.1)

284 284 274 266 282

(0.8) (1.3) (1.2) (1.5) (0.9)

284 284 274 268 281

(0.9) (1.0) (1.2) (1.4) (0.8)

25 23 36 41 26

(1.1) (1.3) (1.6) (2.1) (1.0)

76 77 64 59 74

(1.1) (1.3) (1.6) (2.1) (1.0)

34 34 23 16 30

(1.2) (1.4) (1.4) (1.4) (1.1)

6 5 3 2 5

(0.6) (0.6) (0.6) (0.4) (0.5)

264 261 256 260 264

(2.6) (2.7) (1.9) (2.6) (3.1)

272 273 264 260 271

(1.7) (1.8) (1.4) (2.3) (1.7)

285 286 277 274 284

(1.3) (1.3) (1.8) (1.6) (1.7)

293 294 285 275 290

(1.0) (1.3) (1.6) (1.7) (1.1)

Maryland............................................ Massachusetts................................... Michigan6 ........................................... Minnesota .......................................... Mississippi .........................................

261 — 264 275 —

(1.4) (†) (1.2) (0.9) (†)

265 273 267 282 246

(1.3) (1.0) (1.4) (1.0) (1.2)

270 278 277 284 250

(2.1) (1.7) (1.8) (1.3) (1.2)

272 279 277 287 254

(1.7) (1.5) (1.9) (1.4) (1.1)

278 287 276 291 261

(1.0) (0.9) (2.0) (1.1) (1.1)

278 292 277 290 263

(1.1) (0.9) (1.5) (1.2) (1.2)

34 20 32 21 48

(1.5) (1.1) (1.6) (1.3) (1.7)

66 80 68 79 52

(1.5) (1.1) (1.6) (1.3) (1.7)

30 43 29 43 14

(1.3) (1.4) (1.8) (1.6) (0.9)

7 11 6 11 1

(0.7) (0.8) (0.8) (0.9) (0.3)

255 271 254 263 254

(4.2) (3.2) (4.0) (4.4) (2.0)

268 278 265 275 253

(2.2) (1.7) (2.4) (2.5) (1.6)

277 286 281 291 269

(1.9) (1.6) (1.7) (1.9) (1.8)

288 302 286 300 269

(1.5) (1.1) (1.9) (1.2) (1.5)

Missouri ............................................. Montana6 ........................................... Nebraska ........................................... Nevada .............................................. New Hampshire .................................

— 280 276 — 273

(†) (0.9) (1.0) (†) (0.9)

271 — 278 — 278

(1.2) (†) (1.1) (†) (1.0)

273 283 283 — —

(1.4) (1.3) (1.0) (†) (†)

271 285 280 265 —

(1.5) (1.4) (1.2) (0.8) (†)

279 286 282 268 286

(1.1) (0.8) (0.9) (0.8) (0.8)

276 286 284 270 285

(1.3) (0.7) (1.0) (0.8) (0.8)

32 21 25 40 23

(1.8) (1.0) (1.2) (1.1) (0.9)

68 80 75 60 77

(1.8) (1.0) (1.2) (1.1) (0.9)

26 36 35 21 35

(1.4) (1.1) (1.6) (0.9) (1.6)

4 6 6 3 7

(0.6) (0.6) (0.6) (0.5) (0.7)

263 262 263 257 269

(3.0) (3.2) (3.0) (2.2) (2.8)

270 277 273 261 275

(1.8) (1.8) (1.9) (1.6) (1.4)

277 288 285 278 283

(1.9) (1.3) (2.0) (1.8) (2.0)

285 293 293 281 294

(1.8) (0.9) (1.1) (1.1) (1.0)

New Jersey ........................................ New Mexico ....................................... New York6 .......................................... North Carolina ................................... North Dakota .....................................

270 256 261 250 281

(1.1) (0.7) (1.4) (1.1) (1.2)

272 260 266 258 283

(1.6) (0.9) (2.1) (1.2) (1.1)

— 262 270 268 284

(†) (1.2) (1.7) (1.4) (0.9)

— 259 271 276 282

(†) (1.3) (2.2) (1.3) (1.1)

281 263 280 281 287

(1.1) (1.0) (1.1) (1.0) (0.8)

284 263 280 282 287

(1.4) (0.9) (0.9) (0.9) (0.6)

26 47 30 28 19

(1.4) (1.5) (1.1) (1.2) (1.1)

74 53 70 72 81

(1.4) (1.5) (1.1) (1.2) (1.1)

36 14 31 32 35

(1.5) (1.1) (1.3) (1.1) (1.2)

9 1 6 7 5

(1.0) (0.3) (0.5) (0.8) (0.5)

266 249 263 265 271

(3.2) (1.8) (1.9) (3.1) (3.7)

272 254 271 270 274

(1.9) (1.3) (1.4) (1.4) (1.8)

283 270 280 283 286

(1.8) (1.7) (1.4) (1.5) (1.5)

294 276 289 294 292

(1.7) (1.4) (1.3) (1.5) (0.8)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 209 Educational Achievement

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

United States ............................ Alabama ............................................ Alaska................................................ Arizona6 ............................................. Arkansas............................................ California6 ..........................................

State or jurisdiction

1990

1

1992

2

1996

3

2000

4

Average scale score, by highest level of education attained by parents, 20052

Percent attaining mathematics achievement levels, 20051

Average scale score

2003

5

2005

6

Basic or above3

Below basic

7

8

Proficient or above4

9

Advanced

10

5

Did not finish high school

11

Some Graduated education after high school high school

12

13

Graduated college

14

15

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Ohio ................................................... Oklahoma .......................................... Oregon6 ............................................. Pennsylvania...................................... Rhode Island .....................................

264 263 271 266 260

(1.0) (1.3) (1.0) (1.6) (0.6)

268 268 — 271 266

(1.5) (1.1) (†) (1.5) (0.7)

— — 276 — 269

(†) (†) (1.5) (†) (0.9)

281 270 280 — 269

(1.6) (1.3) (1.5) (†) (1.3)

282 272 281 279 272

(1.3) (1.1) (1.3) (1.1) (0.7)

283 271 282 281 272

(1.1) (1.0) (1.0) (1.5) (0.8)

26 37 28 28 37

(1.4) (1.2) (1.1) (1.6) (1.1)

74 64 72 72 64

(1.4) (1.2) (1.1) (1.6) (1.1)

33 21 34 31 24

(1.4) (1.3) (1.3) (1.6) (0.9)

7 2 7 6 3

(0.6) (0.4) (0.8) (0.8) (0.5)

266 252 262 263 255

(3.8) (2.1) (3.2) (2.9) (2.7)

272 262 270 269 263

(1.6) (2.0) (1.8) (1.9) (1.9)

283 275 283 283 276

(1.9) (1.5) (2.0) (2.0) (1.6)

294 281 295 292 284

(1.3) (1.3) (1.3) (1.5) (1.0)

South Carolina................................... South Dakota..................................... Tennessee ......................................... Texas ................................................. Utah ...................................................

— — — 258 —

(†) (†) (†) (1.4) (†)

261 — 259 265 274

(1.0) (†) (1.4) (1.3) (0.7)

261 — 263 270 277

(1.5) (†) (1.4) (1.4) (1.0)

265 — 262 273 274

(1.5) (†) (1.5) (1.6) (1.2)

277 285 268 277 281

(1.3) (0.8) (1.8) (1.1) (1.0)

281 287 271 281 279

(0.9) (0.6) (1.1) (0.6) (0.7)

29 20 39 28 29

(1.4) (0.8) (1.6) (0.7) (1.0)

71 80 61 72 71

(1.4) (0.8) (1.6) (0.7) (1.0)

30 37 21 31 30

(0.9) (1.0) (1.3) (0.8) (1.1)

7 7 3 6 5

(0.7) (0.7) (0.4) (0.4) (0.6)

270 267 259 268 259

(2.8) (2.2) (2.1) (1.3) (2.8)

273 276 263 272 262

(1.8) (1.7) (1.6) (1.2) (1.5)

285 287 275 286 280

(2.0) (1.3) (1.9) (1.2) (1.5)

289 295 279 293 289

(1.2) (0.9) (1.7) (1.0) (0.9)

Vermont6 ............................................ Virginia............................................... Washington........................................ West Virginia...................................... Wisconsin .......................................... Wyoming............................................

— 264 — 256 274 272

(†) (1.5) (†) (1.0) (1.3) (0.7)

— 268 — 259 278 275

(†) (1.2) (†) (1.0) (1.5) (0.9)

279 270 276 265 283 275

(1.0) (1.6) (1.3) (1.0) (1.5) (0.9)

281 275 — 266 — 276

(1.5) (1.3) (†) (1.2) (†) (1.0)

286 282 281 271 284 284

(0.8) (1.3) (0.9) (1.2) (1.3) (0.7)

287 284 285 269 285 282

(0.8) (1.1) (1.0) (1.0) (1.2) (0.8)

23 25 25 40 24 24

(1.0) (1.2) (1.2) (1.5) (1.4) (1.1)

78 75 75 60 76 76

(1.0) (1.2) (1.2) (1.5) (1.4) (1.1)

38 33 36 18 36 29

(1.1) (1.5) (1.4) (1.0) (1.4) (1.4)

9 8 9 1 7 4

(0.7) (0.9) (0.8) (0.3) (0.7) (0.4)

265 266 264 251 264 262

(3.8) (2.2) (3.0) (2.4) (3.8) (3.6)

275 271 277 263 276 274

(1.4) (1.9) (1.7) (1.4) (1.7) (1.5)

285 282 287 273 288 283

(1.8) (2.6) (1.5) (1.3) (2.0) (1.5)

298 295 295 279 293 290

(1.1) (1.3) (1.3) (1.4) (1.3) (1.1)

Department of Defense dependents schools7 ....................................... Domestic schools........................... Overseas schools ..........................

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— 269 275

(†) (2.3) (0.9)

— 274 278

(†) (1.8) (1.1)

— 282 286

(†) (1.5) (0.7)

284 — —

(0.7) (†) (†)

24 — —

(0.9) (†) (†)

76 — —

(0.9) (†) (†)

33 — —

(1.6) (†) (†)

5 — —

(0.6) (†) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†)

273 — —

(2.3) (†) (†)

284 — —

(1.7) (†) (†)

288 — —

(1.0) (†) (†)

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ........................... Guam ............................................. Virgin Islands .................................

— 232 219

(†) (0.7) (0.9)

— 235 223

(†) (1.0) (1.1)

— 239 —

(†) (1.7) (†)

192 234 —

(5.5) (2.6) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Achievement levels are in trial status. 2 Excludes students who responded “I don’t know” to the question about educational level of parents. 3The basic level denotes partial mastery of prerequisite knowledge and skills that are fundamental for proficient work at the 8th-grade level. 4 This level represents solid academic performance for 8th-graders. Students reaching this level have demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter, including subject-matter knowledge, application of such knowledge to real-world situations, and analytical skills appropriate to the subject matter. 5 This level signifies superior performance.

6Did

not meet one or more of the guidelines for school participation in 2000. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. The definition of the national sample changed in 2005; it now includes all of the international Department of Defense schools. NOTE: Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Fifty states, the District of Columbia, and Department of Defense school systems participated in the 2005 State Assessment of 8th-graders and met student and school participation criteria for reporting results. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Data for 2000, 2003, and 2005 are for situations where student accommodations for the testing were permitted. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), The Nation’s Report Card: Mathematics, 2003 and 2005; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved October 2005. (This table was prepared October 2005.)

7

210 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 122. Average scale score in mathematics and percentage attaining mathematics achievement levels of 8th-graders in public schools, by level of parental education and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990 through 2005—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 211 Educational Achievement

Table 123. Selected statistics on mathematics education for public school students, by state or jurisdiction: 2000, 2003, and 2004 Length of school year (in days)

Percent of eighth-grade students reporting (2003) Spending 30 minutes or more on math homework each day1

Watching 6 or more hours of television or videotapes each day

2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

United States ...................

—

—

—

—

88

(0.7)

57

72

15

(0.2)

Alabama ................................... Alaska....................................... Arizona ..................................... Arkansas................................... California ..................................

4 2 2 4 2

175 180 3 175 178 175

175 180 175 178 180

Yes Yes 4 Yes No 4 Yes

77 92 86 86 87

(4.1) (2.1) (3.3) (3.6) (3.4)

55 — 59 57 70

74 — 72 75 67

21 — 11 18 14

(1.1) (†) (0.7) (0.9) (0.7)

Colorado ................................... Connecticut............................... Delaware................................... District of Columbia .................. Florida.......................................

5

6

3 3 3 3

180

170 180

6

6

180 180

180 180

No No No 4 Yes Yes

91 93 100 92 79

(2.9) (2.3) (—) (0.5) (4.6)

63 56 51 56 57

68 73 78 76 74

9 15 18 34 20

(0.7) (0.8) (0.8) (1.1) (1.1)

Georgia..................................... Hawaii ....................................... Idaho......................................... Illinois........................................ Indiana......................................

4 3 84 2 8 4

180 184 180 9 180 180

180 183 170 185 180

Yes No 4 Yes No Yes

83 93 90 83 87

(3.5) (0.3) (2.1) (3.6) (3.4)

59 66 56 62 59

74 70 70 73 72

18 20 9 15 13

(0.9) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8) (0.9)

Iowa .......................................... Kansas...................................... Kentucky ................................... Louisiana .................................. Maine........................................

5

180 186 175 175 175

180 186 177 180

No No No Yes No

84 83 90 92 91

(3.6) (4.3) (3.1) (3.0) (2.0)

56 56 54 50 58

75 75 75 78 74

10 11 15 23 10

(0.6) (0.6) (0.8) (1.0) (0.7)

180 180 180

180 180 185

Yes Yes 4 Yes Yes Yes

83 91 90 89 82

(4.1) (3.0) (3.1) (2.7) (3.5)

52 60 52 53 50

74 75 74 74 78

20 11 16 8 23

(0.9) (0.6) (1.0) (0.6) (1.1)

91 91 89 91 92

(2.4) (1.3) (1.4) (0.6) (1.8)

57 58 59 60 57

72 75 74 71 70

14 9 10 16 10

(0.7) (0.6) (0.7) (0.7) (0.6)

State or jurisdiction 1

Maryland................................... Massachusetts.......................... Michigan ................................... Minnesota ................................. Mississippi ................................

2 3 3 2 3 5 5

7

7

2004

High school exit exam required for graduation in 2004

3 or more hours of math instruction each week

Math units required for graduation in 2004

6

4

Positive attitudes toward math2

9

3 3

10

6

180

180

Missouri .................................... Montana.................................... Nebraska .................................. Nevada ..................................... New Hampshire ........................

2 2

174 180

174 180

5

6

6

3 2

180 180

180 180

No No No Yes No

New Jersey ............................... New Mexico .............................. New York................................... North Carolina .......................... North Dakota ............................

3 3 2 3

180 180 7 180 180 173

180 180 180 180 173

Yes Yes Yes Yes No

84 84 91 81 89

(4.1) (3.1) (2.7) (3.7) (1.5)

54 61 51 63 54

76 72 74 78 76

15 13 17 16 8

(0.7) (0.9) (0.8) (0.6) (0.6)

Ohio .......................................... Oklahoma ................................. Oregon...................................... Pennsylvania............................. Rhode Island ............................

3 3 2

182 180

182 180

4 Yes

6

6

5

2

180 180

180 180

91 84 88 93 91

(3.2) (3.8) (3.1) (2.6) (0.4)

53 55 58 46 55

73 68 67 75 68

14 14 11 14 14

(0.7) (0.8) (0.7) (0.9) (0.8)

South Carolina.......................... South Dakota ............................ Tennessee ................................ Texas ........................................ Utah ..........................................

4 2 3 3 2

180 — 180 187 180

180 170 180 180 180

83 93 85 92 95

(4.0) (1.0) (3.3) (2.8) (1.9)

55 60 53 57 53

77 76 73 73 66

19 8 18 16 7

(0.9) (0.5) (1.0) (0.8) (0.5)

5

4

Yes No No No

4 Yes

No 4 Yes 4 Yes 4 Yes

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

212 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 123. Selected statistics on mathematics education for public school students, by state or jurisdiction: 2000, 2003, and 2004—Continued Length of school year (in days)

State or jurisdiction

Department of Defense dependents schools Domestic schools.................. Overseas schools .................

Watching 6 or more hours of television or videotapes each day

2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10

5 3 2 3 2 3

175 180 9 180 180 180 175

175 180 180 180 180 175

No Yes 4 Yes No No No

78 92 89 91 93 97

(2.4) (2.7) (3.5) (3.0) (2.6) (0.2)

57 55 59 47 52 58

70 74 70 75 73 73

10 17 12 15 12 11

(0.7) (1.0) (0.7) (1.0) (0.9) (0.6)

11 11

3 3

183 183

— —

11 No 11

68 91

(1.3) (0.5)

63 72

79 74

17 11

(1.3) (0.6)

2004

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Percentage of students who report spending 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 1 hour, and over 1 hour on mathematics homework each day. No standard errors are reported here for aggregated data. 2 Percentage of students agreeing or strongly agreeing with this statement: “Mathematics is useful for solving everyday problems.” No standard errors are reported here for aggregated data. 3 1994 data. 4 Exit exam policy under development or takes effect after 2004. 5Local board determines policy.

High school exit exam required for graduation in 2004

Spending 30 minutes or more on math homework each day1

Math units required for graduation in 2004

1 Vermont .................................... Virginia...................................... Washington............................... West Virginia............................. Wisconsin ................................. Wyoming...................................

Percent of eighth-grade students reporting (2003) 3 or more hours of math instruction each week

No

6No

Positive attitudes toward math2

9

statewide policy. data. 8 Semester credits. 91998 data. 10Includes math and science courses. 11 2000 data. NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2003 Mathematics Assessment; and Council of Chief State School Officers, Key State Education Policies on PK-12 Education: 2000 and 2004. (This table was prepared September 2005.) 71996

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 124. Average scale score in science for 8th-graders in public schools, by selected student characteristics, region, and state or jurisdiction: 1996 and 2000 Average scale score Region and state or jurisdiction

1996

1

Sex, 2000 2000

2

Race/ethnicity, 2000

Male

3

Female

4

White, non-Hispanic

5

Black, non-Hispanic

6

Hispanic

7

National School Lunch Program eligibility, 2000 Asian/ Pacific Islander

8

American Indian/ Alaska Native

9

Eligible

10

11

12

148

(0.9)

149

(0.7)

153

(0.8)

146

(0.9)

160

(0.8)

121

(1.3)

127

(1.4)

154

(2.7)

132

(3.4)

127

(1.1)

160

(0.9)

Region Northeast ............................ Southeast............................ Central ................................ West....................................

149 141 155 148

(2.9) (1.9) (2.7) (2.2)

152 143 157 146

(1.8) (1.5) (1.8) (1.4)

157 145 159 150

(2.0) (1.8) (2.4) (1.5)

146 141 154 141

(2.3) (1.6) (2.0) (1.8)

162 157 163 159

(1.9) (1.3) (1.7) (1.5)

122 120 121 123

(3.3) (2.0) (3.9) (2.9)

128 130 129 125

(2.4) (3.5) (5.4) (1.9)

158 ‡ ‡ 150

(4.8) (†) (†) (4.7)

‡ ‡ ‡ 1 129

(†) (†) (†) (3.9)

127 126 135 125

(2.8) (1.9) (4.3) (2.1)

163 155 165 156

(2.2) (1.4) (1.7) (1.5)

State Alabama.............................. Alaska2 ............................... Arizona3 .............................. Arkansas2 ........................... California3 ...........................

139 153 145 144 138

(1.6) (1.3) (1.6) (1.3) (1.7)

141 — 146 143 132

(1.9) (†) (1.6) (1.3) (1.5)

144 — 150 144 136

(2.1) (†) (1.9) (1.9) (2.3)

139 — 142 142 129

(2.0) (†) (2.0) (1.5) (1.7)

154 — 159 154 150

(1.5) (†) (1.2) (1.3) (1.7)

116 — 127 113 120

(2.4) (†) (4.7) (2.2) (5.2)

106 — 126 118 117

(6.3) (†) (2.6) (5.2) (1.7)

‡ — ‡ ‡ 147

(†) (†) (†) (†) (4.0)

‡ — 137 ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (4.0) (†) (†)

124 — 127 127 113

(2.2) (†) (3.1) (2.4) (2.3)

153 — 156 153 145

(1.8) (†) (1.3) (1.4) (2.1)

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia............. Florida.................................

155 155 142 113 142

(0.9) (1.3) (0.8) (0.7) (1.6)

— 154 — — —

(†) (1.4) (†) (†) (†)

— 158 — — —

(†) (1.9) (†) (†) (†)

— 150 — — —

(†) (1.5) (†) (†) (†)

— 166 — — —

(†) (0.9) (†) (†) (†)

— 122 — — —

(†) (3.2) (†) (†) (†)

— 129 — — —

(†) (3.0) (†) (†) (†)

— 160 — — —

(†) (5.0) (†) (†) (†)

— ‡ — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— 125 — — —

(†) (3.5) (†) (†) (†)

— 163 — — —

(†) (1.3) (†) (†) (†)

Georgia ............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho3 ................................. Illinois3 ................................ Indiana3 ..............................

142 135 — — 153

(1.4) (0.7) (†) (†) (1.4)

144 132 159 150 156

(1.5) (1.2) (1.1) (1.9) (1.7)

147 133 162 153 158

(1.9) (1.6) (1.3) (2.6) (1.8)

140 131 155 148 154

(1.4) (1.4) (1.5) (1.8) (1.8)

159 149 162 165 161

(1.7) (2.5) (1.2) (1.5) (1.3)

123 128 ‡ 123 127

(1.5) (3.5) (†) (3.4) (3.4)

124 119 135 131 132

(4.1) (2.7) (2.6) (3.2) (6.4)

‡ 132 ‡ 162 ‡

(†) (1.4) (†) (3.7) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

125 119 149 126 139

(1.8) (2.1) (2.1) (2.6) (3.9)

155 142 164 162 161

(1.9) (1.0) (1.1) (1.6) (1.5)

Iowa2 ................................... Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine3 ................................ Maryland2 ...........................

158 147 132 163 145

(1.2) (1.2) (1.6) (1.0) (1.5)

— 152 136 160 149

(†) (1.3) (1.7) (1.0) (1.3)

— 155 138 163 152

(†) (1.7) (2.1) (1.3) (1.5)

— 148 134 157 147

(†) (1.3) (1.8) (1.2) (1.4)

— 155 154 161 163

(†) (1.3) (1.4) (1.0) (1.1)

— 126 113 ‡ 127

(†) (2.9) (2.0) (†) (1.7)

— ‡ 119 ‡ 135

(†) (†) (4.7) (†) (3.3)

— ‡ ‡ ‡ 170

(†) (†) (†) (†) (3.2)

— ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— 139 122 150 127

(†) (1.7) (2.2) (2.1) (2.3)

— 160 155 163 158

(†) (1.2) (1.8) (1.1) (1.3)

Massachusetts.................... Michigan2,3 ......................... Minnesota3 .......................... Mississippi .......................... Missouri ..............................

157 153 159 133 151

(1.4) (1.4) (1.3) (1.4) (1.2)

161 156 160 134 156

(1.6) (1.7) (2.1) (1.2) (1.1)

162 158 162 136 159

(1.8) (1.7) (2.6) (1.3) (1.3)

160 154 158 132 154

(1.7) (2.0) (2.4) (1.4) (1.3)

168 164 165 150 162

(1.1) (1.3) (1.3) (1.3) (1.1)

134 120 122 114 125

(4.0) (3.4) (9.0) (1.2) (2.8)

128 137 136 113 141

(4.0) (4.1) (7.0) (4.6) (4.4)

165 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(3.9) (†) (†) (†) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

134 134 141 120 140

(3.8) (3.3) (5.0) (1.3) (1.9)

168 164 165 149 164

(1.3) (1.6) (1.5) (1.4) (1.2)

Montana2,3 .......................... Nebraska ............................ Nevada................................ New Mexico ........................ New York2,3 .........................

162 157 — 141 146

(1.2) (1.0) (†) (1.0) (1.6)

165 157 143 140 149

(1.2) (1.0) (1.1) (1.6) (2.4)

169 160 145 144 151

(1.5) (1.4) (1.6) (2.4) (2.9)

161 154 142 137 147

(1.4) (1.6) (1.2) (1.4) (2.3)

168 162 154 160 165

(0.9) (0.9) (0.8) (1.5) (1.7)

‡ 129 125 ‡ 128

(†) (3.8) (3.0) (†) (4.1)

151 132 126 130 125

(4.2) (4.2) (2.4) (1.9) (5.6)

‡ ‡ 148 ‡ 151

(†) (†) (2.5) (†) (5.4)

143 ‡ 134 124 ‡

(4.7) (†) (4.5) (5.3) (†)

155 142 126 130 132

(2.1) (2.2) (1.9) (1.9) (4.4)

170 162 150 152 161

(1.4) (1.1) (0.9) (1.6) (2.3)

North Carolina .................... North Dakota....................... Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon3 ..............................

147 162 — — 155

(1.2) (0.8) (†) (†) (1.6)

147 161 161 149 154

(1.5) (0.9) (1.5) (1.2) (1.6)

151 163 164 152 155

(1.6) (1.1) (1.8) (1.6) (1.9)

144 159 157 146 153

(1.7) (1.2) (1.7) (1.2) (1.6)

158 164 165 156 160

(1.5) (0.9) (1.3) (1.1) (1.4)

123 ‡ 131 127 131

(1.9) (†) (3.6) (2.6) (4.8)

139 139 147 123 128

(4.7) (4.5) (4.5) (5.2) (3.1)

158 ‡ ‡ ‡ 157

(5.7) (†) (†) (†) (4.4)

‡ 133 ‡ 145 144

(†) (2.7) (†) (2.2) (3.9)

128 149 144 137 138

(1.8) (2.1) (3.4) (2.3) (2.7)

155 166 166 158 160

(1.5) (1.0) (1.4) (1.1) (1.6)

Rhode Island....................... South Carolina2 .................. Tennessee........................... Texas................................... Utah ....................................

149 139 143 145 156

(0.8) (1.5) (1.8) (1.8) (0.8)

150 142 146 144 155

(1.3) (1.3) (1.5) (1.5) (0.9)

152 145 149 147 158

(1.1) (1.6) (1.9) (1.7) (1.5)

147 139 143 141 153

(2.1) (1.5) (1.7) (1.7) (1.0)

156 155 155 159 159

(0.8) (1.7) (1.2) (2.0) (0.9)

128 122 118 122 ‡

(3.3) (1.5) (2.3) (3.2) (†)

127 123 123 132 135

(5.7) (5.2) (6.3) (1.9) (3.0)

143 ‡ ‡ 162 152

(4.0) (†) (†) (5.4) (5.4)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

130 126 129 128 142

(3.3) (1.4) (2.0) (1.8) (2.1)

158 155 155 156 159

(0.8) (1.6) (1.7) (1.9) (0.9)

13 151

(2.1)

1 1 1 1

154 137 156 148

(4.3) (5.9) (2.5) (4.6)

1

152 — 148 139 135

(4.7) (†) (3.0) (11.1) (5.9)

— 147 — — —

(†) (6.9) (†) (†) (†)

145 139 155 1 152 1 149

(3.5) (4.3) (3.9) (5.5) (4.6)

— ‡ 133 155 138

(†) (†) (4.0) (2.6) (4.5)

1 164 1 152 1164 1 138 1 153

(5.9) (4.2) (4.5) (2.9) (4.9)

168 161 144 142 147

(2.1) (2.8) (4.2) (4.1) (7.1)

150 158 151 148 159

(10.6) (1.4) (6.9) (5.2) (2.1)

136 ‡ 147 137 158

(4.6) (†) (6.1) (7.7) (1.9)

1 1 1

1

1

1 1 1

1

1 1 1 1

1 1

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 213 Educational Achievement

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

United States .................

See notes at end of table.

Information not available

Not eligible

Average scale score Region and state or jurisdiction

1996

1

Sex, 2000 2000

2

Race/ethnicity, 2000

Male

3

Female

4

White, non-Hispanic

5

Black, non-Hispanic

6

Hispanic

7

National School Lunch Program eligibility, 2000 Asian/ Pacific Islander

8

American Indian/ Alaska Native

9

Eligible

10

11

12

Vermont2,3 .......................... Virginia................................ Washington ......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin2 .......................... Wyoming .............................

157 149 150 147 160 158

(1.0) (1.6) (1.3) (0.9) (1.7) (0.6)

161 152 — 150 — 158

(0.9) (1.2) (†) (1.1) (†) (1.0)

163 156 — 153 — 159

(1.2) (1.6) (†) (1.4) (†) (1.4)

159 148 — 147 — 156

(1.2) (1.3) (†) (1.2) (†) (1.2)

162 161 — 151 — 161

(1.0) (1.3) (†) (1.1) (†) (0.8)

‡ 130 — 125 — ‡

(†) (1.9) (†) (3.6) (†) (†)

‡ 138 — ‡ — 139

(†) (3.0) (†) (†) (†) (3.1)

‡ 169 — ‡ — ‡

(†) (3.9) (†) (†) (†) (†)

‡ ‡ — ‡ — 1 141

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (4.4)

144 130 — 138 — 147

(2.6) (2.3) (†) (1.5) (†) (2.2)

165 159 — 158 — 161

(0.9) (1.2) (†) (1.0) (†) (0.9)

Department of Defense dependents schools Domestic schools................ Overseas schools ...............

153 155

(1.1) (0.7)

159 159

(1.2) (0.8)

160 162

(1.8) (1.3)

157 156

(1.7) (1.0)

169 168

(2.0) (1.1)

140 142

(2.6) (1.5)

156 153

(2.7) (2.5)

‡ 160

(†) (2.1)

‡ ‡

(†) (†)

153 155

(2.1) (2.4)

163 161

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ................ Guam ..................................

— 120

(†) (1.1)

72 114

(2.3) (4.5)

70 116

(3.8) (4.7)

75 112

(3.2) (4.7)

‡ ‡

(†) (†)

‡ ‡

(†) (†)

55 97

(3.7) (9.2)

90 119

(3.8) (2.7)

‡ ‡

(†) (†)

72 96

(2.3) (7.5)

‡ 119

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1The nature of the sample does not allow accurate determination of the variability of the statistic. 2Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 1996. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. 3Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 2000. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias.

Information not available

Not eligible

13 1 1

163 150 — 1 151 — 1 159

(2.2) (5.4) (†) (5.0) (†) (3.6)

(1.6) (1.0)

158 158

(3.4) (1.4)

(†) (2.9)

‡ 104

(†) (12.8)

NOTE: Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability (and the accommodations provided were not sufficient to enable the test to properly reflect the students’ science proficiency). Scale ranges from 0 to 300. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress, NAEP 1996 Science Report Card for the Nation and the States; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved April 2002. (This table was prepared May 2002).

214 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 124. Average scale score in science for 8th-graders in public schools, by selected student characteristics, region, and state or jurisdiction: 1996 and 2000—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 215 Educational Achievement

Table 125. Average arts scale score of 8th-grade students, by topic and selected student characteristics: 1997 Music

Selected student characteristic

Average creating score (0 to 100 percent)

1

Visual arts

Average performing score (0 to 100 percent)

2

Average responding scale score (0 to 300)

3

Average creating score (0 to 100 percent)

4

Theatre Average responding scale score (0 to 300)

5

Average creating/ performing score (0 to 100 percent)

6

Average responding scale score (0 to 300)

7

8

All students ......................

34

(1.1)

34

(1.2)

150

(1.3)

43

(0.7)

150

(1.1)

49

(2.0)

150

(5.7)

Sex Male ....................................... Female ...................................

32 37

(1.0) (1.6)

27 40

(1.4) (1.5)

140 160

(1.5) (1.6)

42 45

(0.7) (0.9)

146 154

(1.5) (1.4)

46 52

(2.2) (2.1)

140 158

(6.6) (5.6)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............... Black, non-Hispanic ............... Hispanic ................................. Asian/Pacific Islander.............

36 34 29 31

(1.2) (3.6) (2.7) (3.8)

36 30 24 ‡

(1.4) (1.9) (3.7) (†)

158 130 127 152

(1.4) (2.3) (3.5) (6.2)

46 37 38 45

(0.9) (1.8) (1.3) (1.6)

159 124 128 153

(1.3) (2.0) (2.0) (6.4)

52 39 44 ‡

(1.9) (2.2) (2.5) (†)

159 120 139 ‡

(4.4) (10.1) (6.2) (†)

Parent’s highest level of education Not high school graduate ....... Graduated high school........... Some college ......................... Graduated college .................

24 29 35 39

(2.5) (2.0) (1.3) (1.3)

21 29 34 39

(2.4) (2.4) (2.4) (1.5)

129 139 150 159

(3.5) (1.3) (1.8) (1.7)

36 41 44 46

(1.4) (1.1) (0.8) (0.7)

125 138 153 158

(2.4) (1.8) (1.8) (1.4)

42 42 49 52

(2.1) (1.9) (1.8) (2.2)

131 130 153 157

(4.4) (8.5) (5.1) (5.6)

Region Northeast ............................... Southeast............................... Central ................................... West.......................................

39 30 36 33

(2.0) (2.7) (1.4) (2.3)

34 33 33 35

(2.6) (2.4) (2.1) (2.9)

153 139 157 152

(4.0) (2.7) (3.0) (3.0)

45 42 45 43

(1.5) (1.0) (1.8) (1.3)

152 143 157 149

(4.0) (3.3) (3.5) (2.6)

‡ ‡ ‡ 51

(†) (†) (†) (2.1)

‡ ‡ ‡ 157

(†) (†) (†) (5.3)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. NOTE: Excludes students unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability (and the accommodations provided were not sufficient to enable the test to properly reflect the students’ proficiency in the arts). Creating refers to expressing ideas and feelings in the form of an original work of art, for example, a dance, a piece of music, a dramatic improvisation, or a sculpture. Performing refers to performing an existing work, a

process that calls upon the interpretive or recreative skills of the student. Responding refers to observing, describing, analyzing, and evaluating works of art. Includes public and private schools. Totals include other racial/ethnic groups not shown separately. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), The NAEP 1997 Arts Report Card. (This table was prepared November 1998.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

216 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement _

Table 126. SAT score averages of college-bound seniors, by race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1986–87 through 2004–05 Score change

Race/ethnicity 1

1986–87 1990–91 1995–96 1996–97 2

3

4

5

1986–87 1990–91 1999– 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 1999– to to to to to 2000 to to 2000 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 1996–97 2000–01 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 6

7

8

9

11

12

508

508

-2

7

1

-2

3

1

0

528

532

2

11

1

-2

2

-1

4

430

433

6

6

-1

-3

1

-1

3

461

463

2

2

-1

-2

-1

4

2

448

451

453

-6

-3

-2

-5

2

3

2

455

456

457

460

18

21

1

-2

1

1

3

501

501

508

507

511

17

16

2

0

7

-1

4

481

479

480

483

489

4

11

-1

-2

1

3

6

503

502

501

494

495

32

17

-5

-1

-1

-7

1

SAT-Verbal All students .................

507

499

505

505

505

506

504

507

White ....................................

524

518

526

526

528

529

527

529

Black .....................................

428

427

434

434

434

433

430

431

Hispanic or Latino.................

464

458

465

466

461

460

458

457

Mexican American ................

457

454

455

451

453

451

446

Puerto Rican.........................

436

436

452

454

456

457

Asian American ....................

479

485

496

496

499

American Indian....................

471

470

483

475

482

Other.....................................

480

486

511

512

508

10

13

14

15

16

17

18

SAT-Mathematics All students .................

501

500

508

511

514

514

516

519

518

520

10

14

0

2

3

-1

2

White ....................................

514

513

523

526

530

531

533

534

531

536

12

18

1

2

1

-3

5

Black .....................................

411

419

422

423

426

426

427

426

427

431

12

7

0

1

-1

1

4

Hispanic or Latino.................

462

462

466

468

467

465

464

464

465

469

6

3

-2

-1

0

1

4

Mexican American ................

455

459

459

458

460

458

457

457

458

463

3

-1

-2

-1

0

1

5

Puerto Rican.........................

432

439

445

447

451

451

451

453

452

457

15

12

0

0

2

-1

5

Asian American ....................

541

548

558

560

565

566

569

575

577

580

19

18

1

3

6

2

3

American Indian....................

463

468

477

475

481

479

483

482

488

493

12

11

-2

4

-1

6

5

Other.....................................

482

492

512

514

515

512

514

513

508

513

32

20

-3

2

-1

-5

5

NOTE: Data are for seniors who took the SAT any time during their high school years through March of their senior year. If a student took a test more than once, the most recent score was used. The SAT was formerly known as the Scholastic Assessment Test and the Scholastic Aptitude Test. Possible scores on each part of the SAT range from 200 to 800.

SOURCE: College Entrance Examination Board, National Report on College-Bound Seniors, selected years 1986–87 through 2004–05. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 217 Educational Achievement

Table 127. SAT score averages of college-bound seniors, by sex: 1966–67 through 2004–05 SAT1 Verbal score School year

Scholastic Aptitude Test (old scale) Mathematics score

Verbal score

Mathematics score

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

1966–67..................... 1967–68..................... 1968–69..................... 1969–70..................... 1970–71.....................

543 543 540 537 532

540 541 536 536 531

545 543 543 538 534

516 516 517 512 513

535 533 534 531 529

495 497 498 493 494

466 466 463 460 455

463 464 459 459 454

468 466 466 461 457

492 492 493 488 488

514 512 513 509 507

467 470 470 465 466

1971–72..................... 1972–73..................... 1973–74..................... 1974–75..................... 1975–76.....................

530 523 521 512 509

531 523 524 515 511

529 521 520 509 508

509 506 505 498 497

527 525 524 518 520

489 489 488 479 475

453 445 444 434 431

454 446 447 437 433

452 443 442 431 430

484 481 480 472 472

505 502 501 495 497

461 460 459 449 446

1976–77..................... 1977–78..................... 1978–79..................... 1979–80..................... 1980–81.....................

507 507 505 502 502

509 511 509 506 508

505 503 501 498 496

496 494 493 492 492

520 517 516 515 516

474 474 473 473 473

429 429 427 424 424

431 433 431 428 430

427 425 423 420 418

470 468 467 466 466

497 494 493 491 492

445 444 443 443 443

1981–82..................... 1982–83..................... 1983–84..................... 1984–85..................... 1985–86.....................

504 503 504 509 509

509 508 511 514 515

499 498 498 503 504

493 494 497 500 500

516 516 518 522 523

473 474 478 480 479

426 425 426 431 431

431 430 433 437 437

421 420 420 425 426

467 468 471 475 475

493 493 495 499 501

443 445 449 452 451

1986–87..................... 1987–88..................... 1988–89..................... 1989–90..................... 1990–91.....................

507 505 504 500 499

512 512 510 505 503

502 499 498 496 495

501 501 502 501 500

523 521 523 521 520

481 483 482 483 482

430 428 427 424 422

435 435 434 429 426

425 422 421 419 418

476 476 476 476 474

500 498 500 499 497

453 455 454 455 453

1991–92..................... 1992–93..................... 1993–94..................... 1994–95..................... 1995–96.....................

500 500 499 504 505

504 504 501 505 507

496 497 497 502 503

501 503 504 506 508

521 524 523 525 527

484 484 487 490 492

423 424 423 428 —

428 428 425 429 —

419 420 421 426 —

476 478 479 482 —

499 502 501 503 —

456 457 460 463 —

1996–97..................... 1997–98..................... 1998–99..................... 1999–2000................. 2000–01.....................

505 505 505 505 506

507 509 509 507 509

503 502 502 504 502

511 512 511 514 514

530 531 531 533 533

494 496 495 498 498

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

2001–02..................... 2002–03..................... 2003–04..................... 2004–05.....................

504 507 508 508

507 512 512 513

502 503 504 505

516 519 518 520

534 537 537 538

500 503 501 504

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

1

—Not available. 1 Formerly known as the Scholastic Assessment Test. Data for 1967 to 1986 were converted to the recentered scale by using a formula applied to the original mean and standard deviation. For 1987 to 1995, individual student scores were converted to the recentered scale and recomputed. For 1996 to 2003, most students received scores on the recentered scale score. Any score on the original scale was converted to the recentered scale prior to recomputing the mean.

Female

NOTE: Data for the years 1966–67 through 1970–71 are estimates derived from the test scores of all participants. Data for 1971–72 and later are for seniors who took the SAT test any time during their high school years through March of their senior year. If a student took a test more than once, the most recent score was used. The SAT was formerly known as the Scholastic Assessment Test and the Scholastic Aptitude Test. Possible scores on each part of the SAT range from 200 to 800. SOURCE: College Entrance Examination Board, National Report on College-Bound Seniors, selected years, 1966–67 through 2004–05. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1997–981

1995–96 Selected student characteristic 1

Verbal Mathematics score score

Percentage distribution

2002–031

1999–2000

Verbal Mathematics score score

Verbal Mathematics score score

Percentage distribution

2004–051

2003–04

Verbal Mathematics score score

Verbal Mathematics score score

Percentage distribution

Verbal Mathematics score score

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

All students .................................................

505

508

100

505

512

505

514

100

507

519

508

518

100

508

520

High school rank Top decile.......................................................... Second decile ................................................... Second quintile ................................................. Third quintile ..................................................... Fourth quintile ................................................... Fifth quintile ......................................................

591 530 494 455 429 411

606 539 496 448 418 401

22 22 28 24 4 1

590 530 494 454 427 408

607 543 500 453 421 403

589 528 493 455 425 408

608 543 500 453 419 401

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

585 522 486 449 420 410

607 539 494 449 417 410

584 522 486 449 422 415

602 537 494 451 421 418

29 24 22 20 4 1

585 523 488 452 425 426

606 540 499 455 424 430

High school grade point average A+ (97–100) ...................................................... A (93–96) .......................................................... A- (90–92)......................................................... B (80–89) .......................................................... C (70–79).......................................................... D, E, or F (below 70) .........................................

617 573 545 486 432 414

632 583 554 485 426 408

6 14 15 49 15 #

613 569 542 483 430 408

629 582 554 487 428 411

610 567 540 482 428 405

628 582 553 486 426 406

7 16 17 47 12 #

607 566 538 480 425 416

625 583 552 485 424 430

606 567 537 480 429 421

620 580 549 486 431 446

6 18 17 47 11 #

607 570 541 484 430 415

625 585 555 491 432 439

Intended college major Agriculture/natural resources............................ Architecture/environmental design.................... Arts: visual/performing...................................... Biological sciences ........................................... Business and commerce .................................. Communications ............................................... Computer or information sciences .................... Education.......................................................... Engineering....................................................... Foreign/classical languages.............................. General/interdisciplinary ................................... Health and allied services................................. Home economics .............................................. Language and literature.................................... Library and archival sciences ........................... Mathematics ..................................................... Military sciences ............................................... Philosophy/religion/theology ............................. Physical sciences.............................................. Public affairs and services ................................ Social sciences and history .............................. Technical and vocational................................... Undecided.........................................................

491 492 520 546 483 527 497 487 525 556 576 500 458 605 554 552 503 560 575 458 532 435 500

484 519 497 545 500 497 522 477 569 534 553 505 452 545 512 628 505 536 595 448 509 441 507

2 3 6 6 13 4 3 8 8 # # 19 # 1 # 1 # # 1 3 11 1 7

491 494 520 545 484 523 500 483 525 552 568 497 458 605 547 552 504 558 571 459 531 440 510

487 524 502 546 505 501 529 480 571 538 549 505 459 549 525 629 507 538 592 453 512 448 520

490 494 518 544 487 526 499 483 523 558 562 497 462 608 556 551 505 560 569 459 532 442 512

486 524 502 548 510 505 533 481 573 539 545 505 462 552 511 630 512 539 592 454 513 452 521

1 2 8 5 14 4 6 9 8 1 # 16 # 1 # 1 # 1 1 3 11 1 7

484 483 514 543 489 524 503 482 525 564 547 489 462 603 572 545 513 562 563 462 531 441 516

482 511 500 553 512 506 535 483 574 545 539 498 462 550 512 626 516 544 588 458 514 450 528

484 479 517 544 486 525 504 483 525 570 547 487 460 603 567 541 516 560 564 464 534 443 514

483 510 501 552 509 505 532 482 573 545 533 495 461 547 515 621 520 539 587 459 515 453 526

1 2 8 6 13 4 5 8 9 1 # 17 # 2 # 1 1 1 2 3 10 1 6

487 495 521 547 491 527 508 486 529 575 546 490 463 606 577 545 522 561 565 465 540 445 517

486 527 506 558 515 509 535 488 579 551 535 501 466 552 511 626 526 542 591 463 522 456 530

Degree-level goal Certificate program ........................................... Associate’s degree............................................ Bachelor’s degree ............................................. Master’s degree ................................................ Doctor’s or related degree................................. Other................................................................. Undecided.........................................................

434 422 476 514 548 430 502

439 415 476 518 552 438 503

1 2 23 29 24 1 20

436 421 475 513 548 435 505

447 419 480 523 554 446 510

439 420 478 515 547 442 508

453 419 483 526 554 454 514

1 2 25 31 22 1 19

441 417 475 513 542 441 514

456 416 481 524 552 453 523

441 417 474 511 540 439 513

456 417 479 520 547 457 521

1 1 24 29 21 1 23

445 420 481 516 542 442 517

463 421 487 526 552 464 527

See notes at end of table.

218 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 128. SAT score averages of college-bound seniors, by selected student characteristics: Selected years, 1995–96 through 2004–05

Table 128. SAT score averages of college-bound seniors, by selected student characteristics: Selected years, 1995–96 through 2004–05—Continued 1997–981

1995–96 Selected student characteristic 1

Verbal Mathematics score score

Percentage distribution

2002–031

1999–2000

Verbal Mathematics score score

Verbal Mathematics score score

Percentage distribution

2004–051

2003–04

Verbal Mathematics score score

Verbal Mathematics score score

Percentage distribution

Verbal Mathematics score score

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

429 456 482 497 509 517 524 531 541 560

444 464 482 495 507 517 525 533 544 569

4 8 10 12 10 9 7 6 7 9

427 451 477 495 506 514 521 527 539 559

446 463 482 497 509 518 525 532 546 572

425 447 471 490 503 511 517 524 536 558

447 460 478 493 505 515 522 530 543 571

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

420 437 460 480 495 504 511 518 529 555

444 452 467 484 498 508 514 523 536 568

422 440 459 478 493 501 507 515 527 553

450 457 467 482 496 504 510 518 530 562

5 8 10 11 9 9 8 8 12 20

426 443 463 480 496 505 511 517 529 554

458 463 474 487 500 509 515 522 534 565

Highest level of parental education No high school diploma .................................... High school diploma ......................................... Associate’s degree............................................ Bachelor’s degree ............................................. Graduate degree...............................................

414 475 489 525 556

439 474 487 529 558

4 31 7 25 23

411 473 489 525 556

441 477 491 532 563

413 472 488 525 558

442 477 491 533 566

4 33 9 29 25

413 470 487 525 559

443 475 491 534 569

415 469 486 523 558

445 474 490 531 564

5 33 9 28 25

419 471 489 527 561

452 479 494 536 570

#Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Percentage distribution not reported since this year had less than 80 percent combined unit and item response rate. NOTE: Data are for seniors who took the SAT test any time during their high school years through March of their senior year. If a student took a test more than once, the most recent score was used. The SAT was formerly known as the Scholastic

Assessment Test and the Scholastic Aptitude Test. Possible scores on each part of the SAT range from 200 to 800. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and survey item nonresponse. SOURCE: College Entrance Examination Board, National Report on College-Bound Seniors, selected years 1995–96 through 2004–05. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 219 Educational Achievement

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Family income Less than $10,000 ............................................ $10,000, but less than $20,000......................... $20,000, but less than $30,000......................... $30,000, but less than $40,000......................... $40,000, but less than $50,000......................... $50,000, but less than $60,000......................... $60,000, but less than $70,000......................... $70,000, but less than $80,000......................... $80,000 to $100,000......................................... More than $100,000..........................................

220 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 129. SAT score averages of college-bound seniors, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1987–88 through 2004–05 1987–88

State or jurisdiction 1

Verbal

1995–96

Mathematics

Verbal

2000–01

Mathematics

Verbal

2001–02

Mathematics

Verbal

2002–03

Mathematics

Verbal

2003–04

Mathematics

Verbal

2004–05

Mathematics

Verbal

Percent of Percent of graduates graduates Mathe- taking SAT, taking SAT, matics 2003–04 2004–05

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

United States ...........

505

501

505

508

506

514

504

516

507

519

508

518

508

520

48

49

Alabama ........................... Alaska............................... Arizona ............................. Arkansas........................... California ..........................

554 518 531 554 500

540 501 523 536 508

565 521 525 566 495

558 513 521 550 511

559 514 523 562 498

554 510 525 550 517

560 516 520 560 496

559 519 523 556 517

559 518 524 564 499

552 518 525 554 519

560 518 523 569 501

553 514 524 555 519

567 523 526 563 504

559 519 530 552 522

10 53 32 6 49

10 52 33 6 50

Colorado ........................... Connecticut....................... Delaware........................... District of Columbia .......... Florida...............................

537 513 510 479 499

532 498 493 461 495

536 507 508 489 498

538 504 495 473 496

539 509 501 482 498

542 510 499 474 499

543 509 502 480 496

548 509 500 473 499

551 512 501 484 498

553 514 501 474 498

554 515 500 489 499

553 515 499 476 499

560 517 503 490 498

560 517 502 478 498

27 85 73 77 67

26 86 74 79 65

Georgia............................. Hawaii ............................... Idaho................................. Illinois................................ Indiana..............................

480 484 543 540 490

473 505 523 540 486

484 485 543 564 494

477 510 536 575 494

491 486 543 576 499

489 515 542 589 501

489 488 539 578 498

491 520 541 596 503

493 486 540 583 500

491 516 540 596 504

494 487 540 585 501

493 514 539 597 506

497 490 544 594 504

496 516 542 606 508

73 60 20 10 64

75 61 21 10 66

Iowa .................................. Kansas.............................. Kentucky ........................... Louisiana .......................... Maine................................

587 568 551 551 508

588 557 535 533 493

590 579 549 559 504

600 571 544 550 498

593 577 550 564 506

603 580 550 562 500

591 578 550 561 503

602 580 552 559 502

586 578 554 563 503

597 582 552 559 501

593 584 559 564 505

602 585 557 561 501

596 585 561 565 509

608 588 559 562 505

5 9 12 8 76

5 9 12 8 75

Maryland........................... Massachusetts.................. Michigan ........................... Minnesota ......................... Mississippi ........................

509 508 532 546 557

501 499 533 549 539

507 507 557 582 569

504 504 565 593 557

508 511 561 580 566

510 515 572 589 551

507 512 558 581 559

513 516 572 591 547

509 516 564 582 565

515 522 576 591 551

511 518 563 587 562

515 523 573 593 547

511 520 568 592 564

515 527 579 597 554

68 85 11 10 5

71 86 10 11 4

Missouri ............................ Montana............................ Nebraska .......................... Nevada ............................. New Hampshire ................

547 547 562 517 523

539 547 561 510 511

570 546 567 508 520

569 547 568 507 514

577 539 562 509 520

577 539 568 515 516

574 541 561 509 519

580 547 570 518 519

582 538 573 510 522

583 543 578 517 521

587 537 569 507 522

585 539 576 514 521

588 540 574 508 525

588 540 579 513 525

8 29 8 40 80

7 31 8 39 81

New Jersey ....................... New Mexico ...................... New York........................... North Carolina .................. North Dakota ....................

500 553 497 478 572

495 543 495 470 569

498 554 497 490 596

505 548 499 486 599

499 551 495 493 592

513 542 505 499 599

498 551 494 493 597

513 543 506 505 610

501 548 496 495 602

515 540 510 506 613

501 554 497 499 582

514 543 510 507 601

503 558 497 499 590

517 547 511 511 605

83 14 87 70 5

86 13 92 74 4

Ohio .................................. Oklahoma ......................... Oregon.............................. Pennsylvania..................... Rhode Island ....................

529 558 517 502 508

521 542 507 489 496

536 566 523 498 501

535 557 521 492 491

534 567 526 500 501

539 561 526 499 499

533 565 524 498 504

540 562 528 500 503

536 569 526 500 502

541 562 527 502 504

538 569 527 501 503

542 566 528 502 502

539 570 526 501 503

543 563 528 503 505

28 7 56 74 72

29 7 59 75 72

South Carolina.................. South Dakota .................... Tennessee ........................ Texas ................................ Utah ..................................

477 585 560 494 572

468 573 543 490 553

480 574 563 495 583

474 566 552 500 575

486 577 562 493 575

488 582 553 499 570

488 576 562 491 563

493 586 555 500 559

493 588 568 493 566

496 588 560 500 559

491 594 567 493 565

495 597 557 499 556

494 589 572 493 566

499 589 563 502 557

62 5 16 52 7

64 5 16 54 7

Vermont ............................ Virginia.............................. Washington....................... West Virginia..................... Wisconsin ......................... Wyoming...........................

514 507 525 528 549 550

499 498 517 519 551 545

506 507 519 526 577 544

500 496 519 506 586 544

511 510 527 527 584 547

506 501 527 512 596 545

512 510 525 525 583 531

510 506 529 515 599 537

515 514 530 522 585 548

512 510 532 510 594 549

516 515 528 524 587 551

512 509 531 514 596 546

521 516 532 523 592 544

517 514 534 511 599 543

66 71 52 19 7 12

67 73 55 20 6 12

NOTE: Data are for seniors who took the SAT test any time during their high school years through March of their senior year. If a student took a test more than once, the most recent score was used. The SAT was formerly known as the Scholastic Assessment Test and the Scholastic Aptitude Test. Possible scores on each part of the SAT range from 200 to 800.

17

SOURCE: College Entrance Examination Board, College-Bound Seniors: 2005 Profile of SAT Program Test Takers. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 221 Educational Achievement _

Table 130. ACT score averages and standard deviations, by selected characteristics, sex, and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1995 through 2004 Number Selected characteristic 1 Total test takers (in thousands)...............

Standard deviation

1995

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

945

959

995

1,019

1,065

1,070

1,116

1,175

1,171

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

Average test score1 Composite, total.................... Male .................................. Female .............................. Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic.......... Black, non-Hispanic .......... Mexican American/ Chicano....................... Puerto Rican/Hispanic ...... Asian American or Pacific Islander ....................... American Indian/Alaska Native..........................

20.8 21.0 20.7

21.0 21.1 20.8

21.0 21.2 20.9

21.0 21.1 20.9

21.0 21.2 20.9

21.0 21.1 20.9

20.8 20.9 20.7

20.8 21.0 20.8

20.9 21.0 20.9

4.7 4.9 4.6

4.7 4.9 4.6

4.7 4.9 4.6

4.7 4.9 4.6

4.7 4.9 4.6

4.8 5.0 4.7

4.8 5.0 4.7

4.8 5.0 4.7

— —

22.8 17.9

22.7 17.9

22.7 17.9

22.7 17.8

21.8 16.9

22.6 17.6

21.7 16.9

21.8 17.1

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

19.9 20.1

19.6 20.7

19.6 20.7

19.5 20.5

18.5 19.4

19.0 20.0

18.3 19.0

18.4 18.8

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

— —

—

22.5

22.6

22.3

22.4

21.7

22.3

21.8

21.9

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

20.4

20.4

20.4

20.4

18.8

20.1

18.7

18.8

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

English, total ......................... Male .................................. Female ..............................

20.2 19.8 20.6

20.3 19.9 20.7

20.4 19.9 20.8

20.5 20.0 20.9

20.5 20.0 20.9

20.5 20.0 20.8

20.2 19.7 20.6

20.3 19.8 20.7

20.4 19.9 20.8

5.4 5.4 5.4

5.4 5.4 5.4

5.5 5.5 5.5

5.5 5.6 5.5

5.6 5.6 5.6

5.8 5.8 5.7

5.8 5.8 5.8

5.9 5.9 5.8

Mathematics, total ................ Male .................................. Female ..............................

20.2 20.9 19.7

20.6 21.3 20.1

20.8 21.5 20.2

20.7 21.4 20.2

20.7 21.4 20.2

20.7 21.4 20.2

20.6 21.2 20.1

20.6 21.2 20.1

20.7 21.3 20.2

5.0 5.2 4.7

5.1 5.3 4.8

5.0 5.2 4.7

5.0 5.2 4.8

5.0 5.2 4.7

5.0 5.3 4.8

5.1 4.8 5.3

5.0 5.3 4.8

Reading, total ....................... Male .................................. Female ..............................

21.3 21.1 21.4

21.3 21.2 21.5

21.4 21.1 21.6

21.4 21.1 21.6

21.4 21.2 21.5

21.3 21.1 21.5

21.1 20.9 21.3

21.2 21.0 21.4

21.3 21.1 21.5

6.1 6.1 6.0

6.0 6.2 5.9

6.0 6.1 5.9

6.1 6.1 6.0

6.0 6.1 6.0

6.1 6.3 6.1

6.1 5.3 4.8

6.0 6.1 5.9

Science reasoning, total ....... Male .................................. Female ..............................

21.0 21.6 20.5

21.1 21.7 20.6

21.1 21.8 20.6

21.0 21.5 20.6

21.0 21.6 20.6

21.0 21.6 20.6

20.8 21.3 20.4

20.8 21.3 20.4

20.9 21.3 20.5

4.7 4.9 4.4

4.6 4.9 4.3

4.5 4.8 4.2

4.5 4.8 4.3

4.6 4.9 4.3

4.6 4.9 4.3

4.6 4.9 4.3

4.6 4.9 4.3

Percent Obtaining composite scores of— 28 or above ....................... 17 or below .......................

— —

10 26

10 25

10 25

10 25

10 25

10 27

10 27

10 26

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

Planned major field of study Business2 .......................... Engineering3 ..................... Social science4 ................. Education5 ........................

13 8 9 8

12 8 9 9

12 8 9 9

12 8 9 9

11 8 9 9

11 7 9 8

10 7 8 8

10 7 8 7

9 6 7 7

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Minimum score, 1; maximum score, 36. 2Includes business and management, business and office, and marketing and distribution. 3 Includes engineering and engineering-related technologies.

4

Includes social science and philosophy, religion, and theology. Includes education and teacher education. SOURCE: The American College Testing program, High School Profile Report, selected years 1995 through 2004. (This table was prepared April 2005.) 5

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Distribution of children, by parental reports of average grades in all subjects Selected characteristic of children and schools

1996

1999

2003

Mostly A’s

Mostly B’s

Mostly C’s

Mostly D’s or F’s

Mostly A’s

Mostly B’s

Mostly C’s

Mostly D’s or F’s

Mostly A’s

Mostly B’s

Mostly C’s

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1

Mostly D’s or F’s 13

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

All students ...................

39.5

(0.53)

37.7

(0.56)

18.5

(0.41)

4.2

(0.22)

40.3

(0.52)

37.7

(0.53)

17.8

(0.42)

4.3

(0.23)

43.6

(0.62)

37.0

(0.58)

15.9

(0.52)

3.6

(0.24)

Sex of child Male .................................... Female ................................

32.5 46.9

(0.68) (0.78)

38.3 37.2

(0.82) (0.77)

23.5 13.2

(0.63) (0.60)

5.7 2.7

(0.36) (0.27)

33.7 47.0

(0.70) (0.77)

38.3 37.1

(0.73) (0.76)

21.9 13.5

(0.63) (0.54)

6.2 2.4

(0.39) (0.25)

36.4 51.0

(0.72) (0.84)

38.6 35.3

(0.86) (0.76)

19.8 11.9

(0.74) (0.61)

5.2 1.9

(0.40) (0.24)

Race/ethnicity of child White, non-Hispanic............ Black, non-Hispanic ............ Hispanic .............................. Other non-Hispanic.............

43.7 27.0 31.9 44.7

(0.66) (1.40) (1.40) (1.80)

36.1 41.0 43.6 33.7

(0.61) (1.48) (1.47) (2.10)

16.5 26.2 19.6 17.1

(0.49) (1.51) (1.18) (1.61)

3.7 5.8 4.9 4.5

(0.27) (0.67) (0.70) (1.12)

44.6 27.5 33.3 45.8

(0.67) (1.20) (1.17) (2.38)

36.1 40.3 42.7 35.8

(0.65) (1.42) (1.26) (2.36)

15.8 26.4 17.4 14.2

(0.50) (1.22) (0.98) (2.03)

3.4 5.8 6.5 4.2

(0.25) (0.72) (0.73) (1.18)

47.8 34.5 34.9 49.3

(0.86) (1.75) (1.14) (2.63)

35.2 39.5 42.3 33.7

(0.75) (1.65) (1.24) (2.32)

14.0 20.9 18.6 14.3

(0.63) (1.33) (1.03) (1.99)

3.1 5.0 4.2 2.7

(0.25) (0.82) (0.49) (0.78)

29.0 30.5

(1.86) (0.90)

39.0 40.5

(1.89) (1.09)

23.9 23.1

(1.66) (0.91)

8.1 5.9

(1.04) (0.52)

26.3 31.6

(1.58) (0.99)

40.8 39.5

(1.82) (1.06)

22.3 23.3

(1.62) (0.90)

10.5 5.6

(1.30) (0.49)

27.8 32.1

(2.17) (1.20)

41.6 41.4

(2.05) (1.23)

22.7 21.7

(2.28) (1.12)

7.8 4.8

(1.46) (0.57)

Highest education level of parents Less than high school ......... High school/GED ................ Vocational/technical or some college................. Bachelor’s degree ............... Graduate/professional degree...........................

36.9 52.5

(0.99) (1.40)

40.1 32.9

(1.01) (1.29)

19.1 12.7

(0.64) (1.03)

3.9 1.9

(0.43) (0.34)

38.9 51.1

(0.93) (1.28)

39.0 34.9

(0.94) (1.22)

18.3 12.1

(0.75) (0.85)

3.8 1.8

(0.38) (0.34)

42.0 53.2

(1.13) (1.30)

37.1 34.2

(1.19) (1.29)

16.9 10.9

(0.76) (0.90)

4.0 1.7

(0.42) (0.31)

58.2

(1.30)

30.9

(1.21)

9.8

(0.86)

1.1

(0.26)

54.8

(1.30)

33.0

(1.23)

10.3

(0.82)

1.9

(0.39)

60.6

(1.67)

30.9

(1.70)

7.5

(0.73)

1.0

(0.24)

Family income $5,000 or less ..................... $5,001 to $10,000............... $10,001 to 15,000............... $15,001 to 20,000............... $20,001 to 25,000............... $25,001 to 30,000............... $30,001 to 35,000............... $35,001 to 40,000............... $40,001 to 50,000............... $50,001 to 75,000............... Over $75,000 ......................

28.9 26.6 28.0 32.7 34.4 33.0 40.0 40.4 43.2 50.2 51.0

(2.50) (1.97) (1.98) (2.34) (1.92) (1.88) (1.88) (1.70) (1.49) (1.05) (1.58)

38.8 41.9 39.8 38.4 40.8 42.0 38.0 37.3 36.0 32.7 36.8

(2.39) (2.30) (2.27) (1.99) (2.19) (2.05) (1.66) (1.69) (1.51) (1.04) (1.55)

23.3 24.6 26.0 21.6 20.6 19.8 18.1 19.4 16.8 14.9 10.9

(2.35) (2.33) (1.97) (1.81) (1.77) (1.41) (1.44) (1.22) (1.09) (0.86) (0.9)

8.9 6.9 6.2 7.3 4.2 5.2 3.9 2.8 4.0 2.2 1.3

(1.67) (1.15) (1.10) (1.35) (0.88) (0.76) (0.69) (0.65) (0.57) (0.34) (0.31)

25.0 32.1 30.3 32.0 32.8 37.4 38.2 37.5 45.0 45.8 51.9

(2.59) (2.37) (2.00) (2.03) (1.83) (1.91) (1.88) (1.83) (1.52) (1.20) (1.15)

42.9 36.5 38.9 40.0 38.9 37.4 38.8 42.1 35.1 36.8 35.4

(3.46) (2.35) (2.16) (2.10) (1.88) (1.90) (1.95) (1.89) (1.44) (1.17) (1.11)

24.4 24.0 23.7 22.3 21.6 19.7 19.2 17.4 16.6 14.5 10.9

(2.77) (2.14) (1.92) (1.89) (1.60) (1.54) (1.53) (1.40) (1.14) (0.84) (0.72)

7.7 7.4 7.1 5.7 6.7 5.4 3.8 3.0 3.3 2.9 1.8

(1.77) (1.32) (1.21) (0.94) (1.09) (0.86) (0.75) (0.62) (0.55) (0.41) (0.32)

31.8 31.6 33.5 34.6 33.5 34.5 35.1 39.6 43.9 48.0 54.0

(4.43) (2.90) (3.49) (2.28) (2.51) (2.67) (2.76) (3.20) (2.06) (1.29) (1.19)

38.9 40.1 35.1 41.1 42.1 42.6 43.1 37.8 35.8 35.0 33.8

(4.27) (3.70) (2.85) (2.41) (2.93) (3.13) (2.57) (2.79) (1.95) (1.22) (1.18)

21.0 24.9 23.9 18.8 19.8 17.9 16.9 19.1 15.8 14.0 11.0

(3.53) (2.70) (2.67) (2.00) (1.99) (1.92) (1.84) (1.78) (1.51) (0.81) (0.78)

8.3 3.4 7.5 5.4 4.7 5.0 5.0 3.6 4.4 3.0 1.2

(3.25) (0.98) (1.44) (1.26) (0.96) (1.21) (1.09) (0.93) (0.75) (0.45) (0.19)

38.2

(0.54)

37.9

(0.56)

19.3

(0.44)

4.6

(0.23)

39.0

(0.55)

37.8

(0.56)

18.5

(0.45)

4.7

(0.26)

41.8

(0.64)

37.5

(0.62)

16.8

(0.57)

3.8

(0.26)

43.2 29.6

(0.75) (0.89)

36.6 40.2

(0.69) (1.00)

16.3 24.5

(0.55) (0.89)

3.9 5.7

(0.26) (0.46)

43.5 31.8

(0.71) (0.87)

36.6 39.9

(0.71) (0.92)

15.9 22.7

(0.54) (0.79)

4.1 5.6

(0.29) (0.48)

46.1 34.6

(0.80) (0.96)

35.9 40.2

(0.84) (0.97)

14.6 20.6

(0.74) (0.94)

3.4 4.6

(0.32) (0.46)

50.8

(1.64)

36.1

(1.58)

11.8

(0.96)

1.3

(0.40)

51.9

(1.61)

36.1

(1.55)

11.0

(1.09)

1.0

(0.27)

57.6

(1.72)

33.0

(1.68)

8.1

(0.91)

1.3

(0.45)

55.7 41.5

(2.02) (2.97)

35.3 37.7

(1.90) (2.40)

7.5 20.4

(0.86) (2.30)

1.4 1.0

(0.57) (0.44)

56.2 41.2

(1.88) (3.09)

34.4 40.6

(1.80) (3.03)

9.0 15.9

(1.21) (2.31)

0.5 2.2

(0.21) (0.79)

61.6 48.8

(2.39) (3.22)

30.3 38.9

(2.28) (2.94)

7.3 10.0

(1.03) (1.77)

0.8 2.3

(0.28) (1.30)

Child attending public schools Elementary (kindergarten to grade 8)......................... Secondary (grades 9 to 12) Child attending private schools Elementary (kindergarten to grade 8)......................... Secondary (grades 9 to 12)

NOTE: Includes children enrolled in kindergarten through grade 12. Excludes children whose programs have no classes with lettered grades. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Parent and Family Involvement in Education/Civic Involvement Survey (PFI/CI-NHES:1996), Parent Survey (Parent-NHES:1999), and Parent and Family Involvement

in Education/Civic Involvement Survey (PFI-NHES:2003) of The National Household Education Surveys Program, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

222 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 131. Percentage distribution of elementary and secondary school children, by average grades and selected child and school characteristics: 1996, 1999, and 2003

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 223 Educational Achievement

Table 132. Average number of Carnegie units earned by public high school graduates in various subject fields, by selected student characteristics: Selected years, 1982 through 2000 Mathematics Graduation year and selected student characteristic 1

Total

History/ social English studies

Total

Science

Less Algebra than or algebra higher

General Total science

Biology Chemistry

Foreign Physics languages

Vocational Personal Computer Arts education1 use2 related3

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

1982 graduates.....

21.58

3.93

3.16

2.63

0.90

1.74

2.20

0.73

0.94

0.34

0.17

0.99

1.47

4.62

2.58

0.12

Sex Male ........................... Female .......................

21.40 21.75

3.88 3.98

3.16 3.15

2.71 2.57

0.94 0.86

1.77 1.71

2.27 2.13

0.76 0.71

0.91 0.97

0.36 0.33

0.23 0.12

0.80 1.17

1.29 1.63

4.60 4.64

2.69 2.48

0.14 0.11

21.69 21.15 21.23 22.46

3.90 4.08 3.94 4.01

3.19 3.08 3.00 3.16

2.68 2.61 2.33 3.15

0.77 1.36 1.21 0.71

1.91 1.25 1.12 2.44

2.27 2.06 1.80 2.64

0.73 0.81 0.75 0.51

0.97 0.90 0.81 1.11

0.38 0.26 0.16 0.61

0.20 0.09 0.07 0.42

1.06 0.72 0.77 1.79

1.53 1.26 1.29 1.31

4.53 4.75 5.22 3.34

2.52 2.60 2.87 3.05

0.13 0.12 0.08 0.22

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic... Black, non-Hispanic ... Hispanic ..................... Asian/Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaska Native.......

21.45

3.98

3.25

2.35

1.23

1.12

2.04

0.67

0.84

0.42

0.12

0.48

1.72

4.77

2.84

0.06

Academic track Academic4 ................. Vocational5 ................. Both6 .......................... Neither7 ......................

21.75 20.21 22.89 18.73

4.11 3.44 4.04 3.58

3.32 2.63 3.33 2.70

3.04 1.80 2.69 1.73

0.73 1.09 1.02 1.08

2.30 0.71 1.67 0.65

2.65 1.32 2.17 1.33

0.73 0.69 0.79 0.69

1.13 0.57 0.94 0.59

0.53 0.04 0.29 0.03

0.26 0.02 0.14 0.02

1.54 0.18 0.75 0.22

1.91 0.59 1.41 0.85

2.55 7.74 6.03 5.23

2.62 2.51 2.47 3.06

0.10 0.12 0.18 0.05

1987 graduates.....

23.00

4.12

3.32

3.01

0.86

2.15

2.54

0.76

1.10

0.47

0.21

1.35

1.44

4.55

2.67

0.47

Sex Male ........................... Female .......................

22.88 23.12

4.08 4.15

3.29 3.35

3.05 2.97

0.91 0.82

2.14 2.15

2.57 2.52

0.79 0.74

1.05 1.14

0.47 0.47

0.26 0.17

1.16 1.53

1.24 1.63

4.64 4.47

2.83 2.51

0.47 0.47

23.11 22.40 22.84 24.47

4.08 4.22 4.30 4.37

3.29 3.34 3.22 3.65

3.01 2.99 2.81 3.72

0.74 1.40 1.30 0.53

2.27 1.59 1.50 3.18

2.61 2.32 2.24 3.13

0.75 0.90 0.78 0.59

1.12 1.01 1.07 1.17

0.50 0.31 0.29 0.87

0.23 0.10 0.10 0.50

1.38 1.08 1.25 2.07

1.50 1.20 1.34 1.18

4.65 4.52 4.49 3.11

2.60 2.73 3.19 3.23

0.49 0.39 0.42 0.58

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic... Black, non-Hispanic ... Hispanic ..................... Asian/Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaska Native.......

23.23

4.22

3.18

2.98

1.35

1.63

2.44

0.81

1.22

0.32

0.09

0.75

1.68

4.92

3.06

0.39

Academic track Academic4 ................. Vocational5 ................. Both6 .......................... Neither7 ......................

23.20 21.07 23.53 19.56

4.26 3.62 4.11 3.55

3.55 2.59 3.29 2.45

3.33 2.00 2.93 2.11

0.65 1.29 0.97 1.62

2.68 0.71 1.96 0.49

2.97 1.48 2.37 1.47

0.73 0.74 0.81 0.84

1.23 0.70 1.07 0.59

0.68 0.03 0.35 0.03

0.32 0.01 0.14 0.00

1.92 0.18 1.01 0.18

1.87 0.47 1.20 0.76

2.57 8.07 6.09 5.10

2.73 2.67 2.53 3.93

0.38 0.39 0.64 0.17

1990 graduates.....

23.53

4.19

3.47

3.15

0.90

2.25

2.75

0.85

1.14

0.53

0.23

1.54

1.55

4.19

2.68

0.54

Sex Male ........................... Female .......................

23.35 23.69

4.13 4.25

3.45 3.50

3.16 3.14

0.96 0.85

2.20 2.29

2.78 2.73

0.88 0.83

1.11 1.17

0.52 0.53

0.28 0.19

1.33 1.72

1.31 1.76

4.32 4.08

2.87 2.51

0.50 0.57

23.54 23.40 23.83 24.07

4.12 4.34 4.51 4.50

3.46 3.49 3.42 3.70

3.13 3.20 3.13 3.52

0.80 1.25 1.30 0.70

2.33 1.95 1.83 2.82

2.80 2.68 2.50 2.97

0.84 0.98 0.83 0.68

1.15 1.11 1.10 1.12

0.55 0.42 0.42 0.74

0.25 0.16 0.14 0.42

1.58 1.20 1.57 2.06

1.61 1.34 1.48 1.29

4.22 4.41 4.12 3.07

2.61 2.74 3.10 2.96

0.52 0.60 0.58 0.54

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic... Black, non-Hispanic ... Hispanic ..................... Asian/Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaska Native.......

22.64

4.08

3.34

3.04

1.03

2.01

2.48

0.83

1.09

0.42

0.15

1.15

1.11

4.62

2.81

0.60

Academic track Academic4 ................. Vocational5 ................. Both6 .......................... Neither7 ......................

23.53 21.73 23.92 19.81

4.30 3.60 4.14 3.63

3.65 2.58 3.38 2.59

3.37 2.07 3.02 2.01

0.68 1.54 1.12 1.57

2.70 0.53 1.90 0.44

3.06 1.62 2.51 1.47

0.81 0.87 0.92 0.79

1.23 0.71 1.09 0.60

0.70 0.03 0.36 0.04

0.32 0.01 0.14 0.03

2.02 0.17 1.07 0.21

1.93 0.42 1.17 0.79

2.41 8.68 6.10 5.81

2.78 2.59 2.53 3.29

0.42 0.46 0.73 0.36

1994 graduates.....

24.17

4.29

3.55

3.33

0.76

2.57

3.04

0.88

1.26

0.62

0.28

1.71

1.66

3.96

2.63

0.64

Sex Male ........................... Female .......................

24.00 24.34

4.26 4.32

3.51 3.59

3.32 3.34

0.85 0.68

2.48 2.66

3.03 3.06

0.91 0.86

1.20 1.31

0.59 0.64

0.32 0.24

1.49 1.93

1.43 1.87

4.13 3.80

2.83 2.44

0.63 0.65

24.33 23.59 24.06 24.47

4.23 4.36 4.61 4.60

3.56 3.51 3.45 3.66

3.36 3.23 3.28 3.66

0.70 1.09 0.96 0.67

2.66 2.14 2.32 2.98

3.13 2.80 2.69 3.35

0.89 0.92 0.83 0.80

1.29 1.21 1.19 1.22

0.65 0.49 0.49 0.81

0.30 0.17 0.17 0.48

1.76 1.35 1.73 2.09

1.74 1.36 1.51 1.32

3.96 4.29 3.87 3.01

2.61 2.69 2.93 2.78

0.63 0.64 0.76 0.71

24.47

4.27

3.57

3.11

0.94

2.17

2.82

0.91

1.28

0.50

0.13

1.30

2.01

4.27

3.12

0.53

24.07 21.60 24.61 21.28

4.37 3.70 4.23 3.54

3.69 2.49 3.45 2.24

3.52 2.20 3.17 2.25

0.58 1.56 0.96 1.71

2.94 0.64 2.21 0.54

3.32 1.69 2.78 1.53

0.83 0.80 0.96 0.82

1.34 0.83 1.19 0.63

0.77 0.03 0.45 0.05

0.37 0.02 0.17 0.02

2.14 0.14 1.24 0.19

2.05 0.34 1.21 0.56

2.28 8.64 6.01 6.51

2.71 2.41 2.52 4.47

0.50 0.55 0.85 0.33

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic... Black, non-Hispanic ... Hispanic ..................... Asian/Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaska Native....... Academic track Academic4 ................. Vocational5 ................. Both6 .......................... Neither7 ...................... See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

224 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 132. Average number of Carnegie units earned by public high school graduates in various subject fields, by selected student characteristics: Selected years, 1982 through 2000—Continued Mathematics Graduation year and selected student characteristic 1

Total

History/ social English studies

Total

Science

Less Algebra than or algebra higher

General Total science

Biology Chemistry

Foreign Physics languages

Vocational Personal Computer Arts education1 use2 related3

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

1998 graduates.....

25.14

4.25

3.74

3.40

0.67

2.73

3.12

0.89

1.26

0.66

0.31

1.85

1.90

3.99

2.89

0.74

Sex Male ........................... Female .......................

24.93 25.36

4.19 4.31

3.68 3.80

3.37 3.42

0.74 0.62

2.64 2.80

3.09 3.17

0.93 0.87

1.20 1.32

0.62 0.70

0.33 0.28

1.62 2.06

1.61 2.15

4.25 3.77

3.12 2.67

0.78 0.71

25.21 24.83 25.08 25.23

4.19 4.28 4.51 4.37

3.77 3.69 3.60 3.92

3.40 3.42 3.28 3.62

0.57 0.90 1.05 0.65

2.84 2.53 2.23 2.97

3.18 3.03 2.81 3.43

0.87 0.97 0.97 0.81

1.28 1.24 1.13 1.26

0.69 0.58 0.50 0.83

0.33 0.22 0.20 0.51

1.90 1.58 1.78 2.29

2.00 1.57 1.78 1.52

3.97 4.33 3.97 3.15

2.80 2.94 3.36 2.95

0.73 0.84 0.71 0.67

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic... Black, non-Hispanic ... Hispanic ..................... Asian/Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaska Native.......

24.43

4.18

3.67

3.10

0.90

2.20

2.68

0.98

1.07

0.49

0.15

1.45

1.94

4.02

3.40

0.67

Academic track Academic4 ................. Vocational5 ................. Both6 .......................... Neither7 ......................

24.91 22.60 25.64 21.50

4.33 3.46 4.20 3.21

3.87 2.55 3.66 2.32

3.54 2.17 3.30 2.19

0.53 1.30 0.81 1.59

3.00 0.87 2.49 0.60

3.34 1.69 2.94 1.58

0.84 1.05 0.96 0.88

1.33 0.59 1.20 0.58

0.78 0.03 0.54 0.04

0.38 0.01 0.23 0.08

2.24 0.14 1.45 0.20

2.41 0.47 1.31 0.55

2.22 9.12 6.06 5.64

2.97 3.01 2.73 5.82

0.52 0.81 1.03 0.51

2000 graduates.....

26.05

4.39

3.83

3.56

0.61

2.95

3.20

0.85

1.29

0.69

0.36

1.95

2.03

4.21

2.88

0.83

Sex Male ........................... Female .......................

25.91 26.17

4.31 4.46

3.76 3.89

3.53 3.58

0.68 0.55

2.86 3.03

3.16 3.25

0.88 0.82

1.20 1.36

0.65 0.73

0.40 0.33

1.71 2.18

1.75 2.30

4.60 3.82

3.09 2.69

0.93 0.74

26.21 25.76 25.47 26.21

4.32 4.43 4.69 4.57

3.86 3.75 3.77 3.77

3.56 3.54 3.42 3.96

0.58 0.72 0.74 0.35

2.98 2.82 2.68 3.61

3.24 3.13 2.87 3.71

0.84 0.91 0.85 0.71

1.30 1.26 1.19 1.36

0.70 0.65 0.58 0.96

0.38 0.27 0.24 0.65

1.98 1.70 1.90 2.51

2.12 1.95 1.77 1.79

4.34 4.29 3.83 2.82

2.79 2.98 3.21 3.09

0.81 0.85 0.89 0.92

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic... Black, non-Hispanic ... Hispanic ..................... Asian/Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaska Native.......

25.11

4.12

3.75

3.29

0.91

2.38

2.88

0.98

1.25

0.45

0.19

1.40

1.99

4.79

2.89

0.96

Academic track Academic4 ................. Vocational5 ................. Both6 .......................... Neither7 ......................

25.57 23.44 26.81 21.58

4.47 3.33 4.33 3.50

3.93 2.62 3.76 1.86

3.70 2.11 3.45 2.27

0.49 1.28 0.74 1.76

3.21 0.82 2.71 0.51

3.39 1.61 3.04 1.59

0.81 0.84 0.89 1.04

1.35 0.65 1.24 0.48

0.80 0.06 0.59 0.04

0.42 0.05 0.30 0.02

2.32 0.15 1.56 0.20

2.52 0.57 1.47 0.93

2.28 9.56 6.46 5.52

2.96 3.50 2.74 5.72

0.54 1.17 1.20 0.29

Standard errors 2000 graduates........

(0.201)

(0.035)

(0.033)

(0.028)

(0.028)

(0.038)

(0.038)

(0.028)

(0.028)

(0.018)

(0.017)

(0.044)

(0.054)

(0.123)

(0.065)

(0.032)

Sex Male ........................... Female .......................

(0.206) (0.203)

(0.034) (0.038)

(0.032) (0.035)

(0.031) (0.028)

(0.032) (0.026)

(0.046) (0.036)

(0.039) (0.040)

(0.028) (0.030)

(0.029) (0.029)

(0.017) (0.020)

(0.018) (0.017)

(0.044) (0.049)

(0.051) (0.065)

(0.154) (0.104)

(0.070) (0.063)

(0.036) (0.034)

(0.252) (0.242) (0.323) (0.327)

(0.037) (0.078) (0.106) (0.069)

(0.037) (0.067) (0.075) (0.051)

(0.031) (0.042) (0.074) (0.095)

(0.032) (0.062) (0.051) (0.035)

(0.043) (0.059) (0.107) (0.106)

(0.038) (0.058) (0.112) (0.153)

(0.031) (0.043) (0.046) (0.082)

(0.034) (0.040) (0.067) (0.060)

(0.020) (0.027) (0.055) (0.048)

(0.020) (0.020) (0.026) (0.037)

(0.053) (0.071) (0.070) (0.083)

(0.068) (0.134) (0.063) (0.084)

(0.164) (0.173) (0.124) (0.160)

(0.075) (0.093) (0.147) (0.184)

(0.036) (0.055) (0.056) (0.111)

(0.315)

(0.064)

(0.100)

(0.083)

(0.164)

(0.178)

(0.112)

(0.037)

(0.080)

(0.044)

(0.042)

(0.105)

(0.220)

(0.429)

(0.230)

(0.074)

(0.186) (0.369) (0.248) (0.500)

(0.040) (0.131) (0.035) (0.088)

(0.043) (0.121) (0.034) (0.142)

(0.034) (0.086) (0.032) (0.088)

(0.024) (0.120) (0.040) (0.141)

(0.042) (0.100) (0.054) (0.101)

(0.042) (0.116) (0.047) (0.099)

(0.033) (0.069) (0.031) (0.097)

(0.033) (0.091) (0.033) (0.082)

(0.023) (0.018) (0.024) (0.018)

(0.019) (0.026) (0.024) (0.011)

(0.050) (0.042) (0.049) (0.056)

(0.072) (0.062) (0.057) (0.096)

(0.049) (0.337) (0.170) (0.443)

(0.075) (0.249) (0.074) (0.506)

(0.024) (0.220) (0.046) (0.051)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic... Black, non-Hispanic ... Hispanic ..................... Asian/Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaska Native....... Academic track Academic4 ................. Vocational5 ................. Both6 .......................... Neither7 ...................... 1

Includes nonoccupational vocational education, vocational general introduction, agriculture, business, marketing, health, occupational home economics, trade and industry, and technical courses. 2 Includes personal and social courses, religion and theology, and courses not included in the other subject fields. 3Though shown separately here, computer-related courses are also included in the mathematics and vocational categories. 4 Includes students who complete at least 12 Carnegie units in academic courses, but less than 3 Carnegie units in any specific labor market preparation field. 5Includes students who complete at least 3 Carnegie units in a specific labor market preparation field, but less than 12 Carnegie units in academic courses.

6

Includes students who complete at least 12 Carnegie units in academic courses and at least 3 Carnegie units in a specific labor market preparation field. 7Includes students who complete less than 12 Carnegie units in academic courses and less than 3 Carnegie units in a specific labor market preparation field. NOTE: The Carnegie unit is a standard of measurement that represents one credit for the completion of a 1-year course. Data differ slightly from figures appearing in other NCES reports because of differences in taxonomies and case exclusion criteria. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, High School and Beyond Longitudinal Study of 1980 Sophomores, “High School Transcript Study” (HS&B-So:80/82); and The High School Transcript Study (HSTS), various years. (This table was prepared November 2002.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 225 Educational Achievement

Table 133. Average number of Carnegie units earned by public high school graduates in vocational education courses, by selected student characteristics: Selected years, 1982 through 2000

Total

General labor market preparation

Consumer and homemaking education

2

3

1982 graduates..........

4.62

Sex Male ................................ Female ............................

Graduation year and selected student characteristic 1

Specific labor market preparation Occupational home Health economics

Trade and industrial

Technical/ communications

Other

10

11

12

13

0.05

0.11

1.04

0.21

0.10

0.14 0.18

0.02 0.08

0.06 0.15

1.96 0.20

0.24 0.18

0.01 0.18

1

Agriculture

Business

Marketing

4

5

6

7

8

9

0.94

0.68

3.00

0.22

1.03

0.16

4.60 4.64

0.93 0.95

0.30 1.03

3.36 2.67

0.36 0.08

0.47 1.55

Total

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Asian/Pacific Islander...... American Indian/Alaska Native........................

4.53 4.75 5.22 3.34

0.92 0.97 1.01 1.01

0.63 0.90 0.85 0.30

2.97 2.88 3.36 2.03

0.24 0.09 0.23 0.03

1.06 1.00 1.00 0.58

0.15 0.22 0.17 0.04

0.04 0.11 0.07 0.03

0.10 0.14 0.13 0.06

0.99 0.95 1.38 0.88

0.22 0.15 0.15 0.30

0.09 0.12 0.12 0.02

4.77

0.90

0.47

3.40

0.25

0.74

0.14

0.08

0.06

1.88

0.13

0.03

Academic track Academic2 ...................... Vocational3 ...................... Both4 ............................... Neither5 ...........................

2.55 7.74 6.03 5.23

0.84 1.02 0.86 1.92

0.60 0.78 0.57 1.62

1.12 5.94 4.60 1.68

0.04 0.58 0.29 0.11

0.48 1.68 1.66 0.74

0.03 0.33 0.29 0.09

0.02 0.08 0.09 0.05

0.06 0.17 0.15 0.13

0.28 2.43 1.57 0.37

0.17 0.21 0.29 0.10

0.02 0.24 0.14 0.07

1987 graduates..........

4.55

0.83

0.61

3.11

0.19

0.96

0.16

0.08

0.11

0.96

0.43

0.11

Sex Male ................................ Female ............................

4.64 4.47

0.83 0.83

0.45 0.86

3.35 2.77

0.33 0.07

0.56 1.34

0.13 0.19

0.02 0.12

0.08 0.14

1.73 0.23

0.47 0.39

0.03 0.18

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Asian/Pacific Islander...... American Indian/Alaska Native........................

4.65 4.52 4.49 3.11

0.84 0.86 0.93 0.63

0.60 0.73 0.62 0.35

3.20 2.92 2.95 2.13

0.24 0.10 0.06 0.01

0.97 1.00 0.97 0.63

0.16 0.17 0.16 0.13

0.07 0.14 0.08 0.09

0.11 0.14 0.11 0.08

1.00 0.76 1.00 0.47

0.47 0.28 0.32 0.56

0.10 0.14 0.11 0.04

4.92

0.82

0.65

3.45

0.20

1.04

0.08

0.09

0.11

1.32

0.44

0.03

Academic track Academic2 ...................... Vocational3 ...................... Both4 ............................... Neither5 ...........................

2.57 8.07 6.09 5.10

0.76 0.90 0.86 1.77

0.57 0.77 0.55 1.72

1.23 6.39 4.69 1.62

0.02 0.59 0.30 0.07

0.45 1.40 1.54 0.60

0.04 0.38 0.27 0.09

0.02 0.18 0.11 0.05

0.04 0.25 0.17 0.11

0.24 2.60 1.43 0.37

0.37 0.35 0.56 0.13

0.02 0.34 0.15 0.10

1990 graduates..........

4.19

0.73

0.57

2.89

0.20

0.88

0.16

0.04

0.10

0.87

0.41

0.10

Sex Male ................................ Female ............................

4.32 4.08

0.70 0.76

0.33 0.79

3.28 2.53

0.31 0.09

0.57 1.16

0.14 0.18

0.02 0.06

0.07 0.13

1.59 0.22

0.43 0.39

0.02 0.17

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Asian/Pacific Islander...... American Indian/Alaska Native........................

4.22 4.41 4.12 3.07

0.71 0.82 0.75 0.69

0.55 0.80 0.53 0.31

2.97 2.79 2.85 2.07

0.24 0.06 0.15 0.04

0.85 1.05 0.93 0.65

0.16 0.17 0.19 0.05

0.04 0.04 0.02 0.01

0.09 0.15 0.11 0.03

0.95 0.64 0.75 0.72

0.40 0.40 0.41 0.48

0.09 0.16 0.18 0.03

4.62

0.74

0.72

3.16

0.36

0.95

0.15

0.02

0.07

0.95

0.44

0.02

Academic track Academic2 ...................... Vocational3 ...................... Both4 ............................... Neither5 ...........................

2.41 8.68 6.10 5.81

0.67 1.00 0.72 2.81

0.55 0.74 0.57 1.26

1.19 6.95 4.81 1.74

0.03 0.86 0.35 0.10

0.46 1.22 1.47 0.46

0.04 0.28 0.33 0.04

0.01 0.10 0.08 0.04

0.04 0.26 0.16 0.08

0.22 3.10 1.50 0.54

0.34 0.28 0.53 0.32

0.02 0.30 0.19 0.04

1994 graduates..........

3.96

0.64

0.52

2.79

0.24

0.88

0.18

0.08

0.13

0.70

0.35

0.09

Sex Male ................................ Female ............................

4.13 3.80

0.70 0.58

0.35 0.69

3.08 2.52

0.37 0.11

0.66 1.09

0.14 0.22

0.03 0.12

0.08 0.18

1.25 0.17

0.36 0.34

0.03 0.15

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Asian/Pacific Islander...... American Indian/Alaska Native........................

3.96 4.29 3.87 3.01

0.63 0.72 0.64 0.51

0.51 0.62 0.48 0.36

2.81 2.94 2.75 2.13

0.27 0.13 0.13 0.14

0.87 1.01 0.93 0.70

0.19 0.20 0.15 0.11

0.08 0.11 0.07 0.06

0.11 0.23 0.14 0.10

0.72 0.60 0.65 0.50

0.35 0.29 0.36 0.46

0.07 0.18 0.17 0.03

4.27

0.85

0.65

2.77

0.41

0.75

0.06

0.18

0.15

0.53

0.41

0.06

Academic track Academic2 ...................... Vocational3 ...................... Both4 ............................... Neither5 ...........................

2.28 8.64 6.01 6.51

0.58 1.00 0.66 3.91

0.49 0.78 0.54 1.08

1.20 6.86 4.82 1.52

0.04 0.90 0.48 0.05

0.51 1.17 1.41 0.48

0.05 0.34 0.37 0.08

0.03 0.08 0.16 0.02

0.05 0.26 0.23 0.07

0.20 2.89 1.25 0.46

0.28 0.26 0.46 0.16

0.02 0.29 0.18 0.06

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

226 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement

Table 133. Average number of Carnegie units earned by public high school graduates in vocational education courses, by selected student characteristics: Selected years, 1982 through 2000—Continued

Graduation year and selected student characteristic 1

Total

General labor market preparation

Consumer and homemaking education

Specific labor market preparation

Total1

Agriculture

Business

Marketing

Occupational home Health economics

Trade and industrial

Technical/ communications

Other

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

1998 graduates..........

3.99

0.61

0.51

2.87

0.20

0.70

0.16

0.14

0.16

0.78

0.51

0.07

Sex Male ................................ Female ............................

4.25 3.77

0.67 0.57

0.35 0.66

3.23 2.54

0.27 0.14

0.59 0.80

0.15 0.18

0.06 0.22

0.10 0.21

1.37 0.23

0.53 0.49

0.02 0.12

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Asian/Pacific Islander...... American Indian/Alaska Native........................

3.97 4.33 3.97 3.15

0.58 0.70 0.66 0.58

0.49 0.68 0.49 0.27

2.90 2.95 2.82 2.30

0.24 0.09 0.16 0.09

0.69 0.83 0.64 0.64

0.15 0.24 0.18 0.13

0.11 0.29 0.16 0.15

0.14 0.23 0.17 0.14

0.83 0.56 0.75 0.57

0.51 0.47 0.51 0.49

0.06 0.11 0.10 0.02

4.02

0.54

0.55

2.92

0.19

0.70

0.14

0.06

0.14

0.98

0.51

0.03

Academic track Academic2 ...................... Vocational3 ...................... Both4 ............................... Neither5 ...........................

2.22 9.12 6.06 5.64

0.54 1.40 0.62 2.91

0.49 0.75 0.52 1.20

1.19 6.97 4.92 1.53

0.03 0.62 0.41 0.10

0.41 0.64 1.10 0.43

0.05 0.29 0.31 0.06

0.03 0.11 0.29 0.02

0.07 0.36 0.27 0.07

0.22 3.36 1.39 0.31

0.33 0.66 0.74 0.19

0.02 0.29 0.14 0.06

2000 graduates..........

4.21

0.69

0.49

3.03

0.25

0.74

0.16

0.13

0.17

0.80

0.61

0.08

Sex Male ................................ Female ............................

4.60 3.82

0.76 0.61

0.33 0.64

3.51 2.57

0.34 0.16

0.65 0.83

0.14 0.17

0.06 0.20

0.12 0.23

1.38 0.25

0.72 0.52

0.02 0.13

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Asian/Pacific Islander...... American Indian/Alaska Native........................

4.34 4.29 3.83 2.82

0.69 0.77 0.67 0.45

0.49 0.67 0.37 0.25

3.16 2.85 2.79 2.11

0.31 0.12 0.14 0.06

0.73 0.88 0.75 0.50

0.14 0.22 0.18 0.10

0.12 0.15 0.23 0.14

0.18 0.16 0.19 0.09

0.90 0.51 0.65 0.43

0.63 0.53 0.54 0.74

0.07 0.16 0.07 0.02

4.79

0.75

0.68

3.36

0.37

0.72

0.14

0.07

0.23

0.99

0.68

0.07

Academic track Academic2 ...................... Vocational3 ...................... Both4 ............................... Neither5 ...........................

2.28 9.56 6.46 5.52

0.61 1.24 0.75 2.83

0.47 0.59 0.50 1.36

1.21 7.73 5.21 1.32

0.03 0.79 0.51 0.05

0.39 0.63 1.20 0.13

0.03 0.27 0.31 0.05

0.03 0.12 0.27 0.04

0.08 0.35 0.29 0.19

0.21 4.06 1.43 0.40

0.38 0.87 0.90 0.32

0.02 0.14 0.15 0.06

Standard errors 2000 graduates....

(0.123)

(0.035)

(0.023)

(0.106)

(0.029)

(0.040)

(0.013)

(0.018)

(0.016)

(0.057)

(0.027)

(0.009)

Sex Male ................................ Female ............................

(0.154) (0.104)

(0.042) (0.032)

(0.018) (0.032)

(0.135) (0.086)

(0.041) (0.022)

(0.040) (0.043)

(0.013) (0.015)

(0.012) (0.025)

(0.012) (0.021)

(0.098) (0.020)

(0.032) (0.026)

(0.005) (0.016)

(0.164) (0.173) (0.124) (0.160)

(0.045) (0.049) (0.054) (0.055)

(0.026) (0.052) (0.038) (0.033)

(0.137) (0.125) (0.148) (0.146)

(0.039) (0.027) (0.021) (0.014)

(0.048) (0.063) (0.067) (0.051)

(0.015) (0.034) (0.032) (0.031)

(0.016) (0.022) (0.101) (0.038)

(0.018) (0.024) (0.030) (0.018)

(0.077) (0.043) (0.051) (0.054)

(0.034) (0.041) (0.028) (0.103)

(0.001) (0.030) (0.020) (0.008)

(0.429)

(0.117)

(0.081)

(0.394)

(0.131)

(0.086)

(0.037)

(0.025)

(0.115)

(0.235)

(0.087)

(0.035)

(0.049) (0.337) (0.170) (0.443)

(0.031) (0.272) (0.053) (0.297)

(0.021) (0.070) (0.031) (0.331)

(0.024) (0.365) (0.132) (0.100)

(0.004) (0.149) (0.058) (0.023)

(0.021) (0.117) (0.066) (0.032)

(0.004) (0.064) (0.025) (0.034)

(0.005) (0.050) (0.041) (0.030)

(0.009) (0.086) (0.029) (0.053)

(0.010) (0.438) (0.115) (0.077)

(0.020) (0.095) (0.047) (0.049)

(0.003) (0.057) (0.018) (0.023)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........ Black, non-Hispanic ........ Hispanic .......................... Asian/Pacific Islander...... American Indian/Alaska Native........................ Academic track Academic2 ...................... Vocational3 ...................... Both4 ............................... Neither5 ........................... 1Includes

unclassified courses not shown separately. students who complete at least 12 Carnegie units in academic courses, but less than 3 Carnegie units in any specific labor market preparation field. 3Includes students who complete at least 3 Carnegie units in a specific labor market preparation field, but less than 12 Carnegie units in academic courses. 4 Includes students who complete at least 12 Carnegie units in academic courses and at least 3 Carnegie units in a specific labor market preparation field. 5Includes students who complete less than 12 Carnegie units in academic courses and less than 3 Carnegie units in a specific labor market preparation field. 2Includes

NOTE: The Carnegie unit is a standard of measurement that represents one credit for the completion of a 1-year course. Data differ slightly from figures appearing in other NCES reports because of differences in taxonomies and case exclusion criteria. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, High School and Beyond Longitudinal Study of 1980 Sophomores, “High School Transcript Study” (HS&B-So:80/82); and The High School Transcript Study (HSTS), various years. (This table was prepared November 2002.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 134. Percentage of public high school graduates taking selected mathematics and science courses in high school, by sex and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1982 through 2000 2000 Sex Course (Carnegie units) 1

Race/ethnicity

1982

1987

1990

1994

1998

Total

Male

Female

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

98.5 55.2 47.1 39.9 8.1 6.2 1.0 5.0 1.6

99.0 58.8 58.6 49.0 11.5 12.8 1.1 6.1 3.4

99.9 63.7 63.2 52.8 9.6 13.3 1.0 6.5 4.1

99.8 65.8 70.0 61.1 11.7 17.3 2.0 9.3 7.0

99.8 62.8 75.1 61.7 8.9 23.1 3.7 11.0 6.7

99.8 61.7 78.3 67.8 7.5 26.7 5.7 11.6 7.9

(0.04) (1.66) (1.09) (1.43) (1.31) (1.40) (0.86) (0.73) (0.58)

99.8 60.0 74.9 64.8 7.3 25.4 5.8 12.2 8.5

(0.08) (1.62) (1.33) (1.45) (1.30) (1.39) (0.97) (0.79) (0.71)

99.9 63.4 81.4 70.5 7.7 27.9 5.6 11.1 7.3

(0.04) (1.82) (1.02) (1.68) (1.37) (1.61) (0.86) (0.77) (0.57)

99.8 60.5 79.2 68.9 8.5 28.2 6.1 12.5 8.4

(0.06) (1.95) (1.23) (1.51) (1.62) (1.74) (1.00) (0.77) (0.62)

99.8 66.5 77.9 64.8 4.1 16.2 3.8 4.7 2.6

(0.09) (3.25) (1.95) (2.30) (1.02) (1.53) (1.25) (0.55) (0.41)

99.8 69.5 72.8 59.8 2.9 19.3 2.3 5.6 3.6

(0.07) (2.14) (3.23) (5.17) (0.77) (2.97) (0.53) (0.87) (0.68)

100.0 48.8 80.6 80.4 14.5 48.8 11.5 30.8 24.0

(0.02) (2.47) (2.16) (1.92) (5.33) (2.68) (2.45) (5.07) (4.20)

100.0 65.2 65.0 60.3 4.3 12.6 2.1 2.4 1.7

(#) (5.43) (6.18) (5.51) (2.07) (2.80) (1.10) (0.90) (0.70)

96.4 77.4 10.0 32.1 3.0 15.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 13.6 29.3 11.2

97.8 86.0 9.4 44.2 3.5 20.0 1.8 2.6 1.0 13.4 41.4 16.6

99.3 91.0 10.1 48.9 3.5 21.6 2.0 4.2 1.2 24.7 47.5 18.8

99.5 93.2 11.9 55.8 3.9 24.5 2.7 4.5 1.7 22.9 53.7 21.4

99.5 92.7 16.2 60.4 4.7 28.8 3.0 6.7 1.9 20.7 59.0 25.4

99.5 91.2 16.3 62.0 5.8 31.4 3.9 3.9 2.8 17.4 59.4 25.1

(0.11) (1.00) (1.46) (1.47) (0.85) (1.16) (0.61) (0.91) (0.59) (1.86) (1.49) (1.09)

99.3 89.0 13.8 58.0 5.8 34.2 5.4 4.3 3.0 18.4 54.5 26.4

(0.17) (0.32) (1.41) (1.42) (0.91) (1.29) (0.94) (1.04) (0.65) (1.98) (1.49) (1.23)

99.7 93.3 18.5 65.7 5.7 29.0 2.5 3.5 2.6 16.6 63.8 24.0

(0.08) (0.80) (1.63) (1.74) (0.83) (1.22) (0.38) (0.85) (0.57) (1.82) (1.74) (1.13)

99.6 91.8 17.9 63.0 6.1 32.4 4.0 4.2 2.8 17.5 60.3 25.7

(0.13) (1.15) (1.78) (1.67) (1.19) (1.34) (0.78) (1.14) (0.68) (2.34) (1.72) (1.20)

99.5 92.3 10.8 59.9 2.8 25.2 2.2 2.7 1.8 18.8 58.0 20.1

(0.16) (1.02) (1.39) (2.40) (0.46) (1.98) (0.78) (0.78) (0.54) (2.59) (2.31) (1.75)

99.1 89.7 10.8 52.4 3.4 23.2 2.0 2.4 3.7 15.9 50.4 17.6

(0.34) (2.70) (1.36) (4.08) (1.28) (2.32) (0.70) (0.85) (1.54) (1.88) (4.27) (2.20)

99.7 88.3 25.9 75.4 16.2 54.0 11.0 3.1 2.0 11.1 71.1 47.2

(0.18) (2.70) (4.17) (2.59) (1.44) (2.68) (1.91) (0.95) (0.69) (1.50) (2.67) (2.53)

99.6 88.4 8.0 43.6 1.7 17.5 0.5 1.8 3.8 16.0 39.4 11.9

(0.33) (2.88) (3.06) (4.03) (1.20) (4.07) (0.37) (1.36) (1.67) (3.06) (3.81) (3.29)

Mathematics1

Science1 Any science (1.0)............................................ Biology (1.0)................................................ AP/honors biology (1.0) .............................. Chemistry (1.0) ........................................... AP/honors chemistry (1.0) .......................... Physics (1.0) ............................................... AP/honors physics (1.0).............................. Engineering (1.0) ........................................ Astronomy (0.5) .......................................... Geology/earth science (0.5)........................ Biology and chemistry (2.0) ........................ Biology, chemistry, and physics (3.0) ..........

#Rounds to zero. 1 These data only report the percentage of students who earned credit in each course while in high school and do not count those students who took these courses prior to entering high school. 2Excludes pre-algebra. 3 Includes algebra/trigonometry and algebra/geometry.

NOTE: The Carnegie unit is a standard of measurement that represents one credit for the completion of a 1-year course. Data differ slightly from figures appearing in other NCES reports because of differences in taxonomies and case exclusion criteria. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, High School and Beyond Longitudinal Study of 1980 Sophomores, “High School Transcript Study” (HS&B-So:80/82); and The High School Transcript Study (HSTS), various years. (This table was prepared November 2002.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 227 Educational Achievement

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Any mathematics (1.0).................................... Algebra I (1.0)2............................................ Geometry (1.0)............................................ Algebra II (0.5)3........................................... Trigonometry (0.5)....................................... Analysis/pre-calculus (0.5).......................... Statistics/probability (0.5)............................ Calculus (1.0).............................................. AP calculus (1.0).........................................

228 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Educational Achievement _

Table 135. Percentage of public high school graduates earning minimum credits in selected combinations of academic courses, by sex and race/ ethnicity: Selected years, 1982 through 2000 Sex Year of graduation and course combination taken1

Race/ethnicity

All students

Male

Female

White, non-Hispanic

2

3

4

5

1

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Asian/Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

6

7

8

9

1982 graduates 4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, .5 Comp, and 2 FL2 ........................................

2.0

(0.22)

2.3

(0.31)

1.8

(0.27)

2.4

(0.28)

0.7

(0.28)

0.6

(0.22)

5.8

(1.72)

1.1

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, and 2 FL ...

9.5

(0.57)

9.1

(0.70)

9.9

(0.71)

10.9

(0.69)

5.2

(1.02)

3.9

(0.57)

17.0

(2.49)

3.3

(1.68)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math....................

14.3

(0.66)

15.2

(0.86)

13.4

(0.79)

15.9

(0.79)

11.0

(1.39)

6.7

(0.79)

21.1

(2.65)

8.1

(3.02)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 2 Sci, 2 Math....................

31.5

(1.07)

31.7

(1.26)

31.3

(1.22)

32.4

(1.21)

30.8

(2.32)

25.6

(1.76)

32.0

(3.40)

23.6

(5.39)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, .5 Comp, and 2 FL2 ........................................

10.6

(0.73)

11.5

(1.01)

9.8

(0.65)

11.3

(0.97)

6.6

(0.91)

5.5

(1.03)

20.5

(2.57)

2.5

(0.86)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, and 2 FL ...

18.1

(0.91)

18.0

(1.13)

18.3

(1.01)

19.0

(1.10)

12.7

(1.15)

10.8

(1.70)

35.7

(4.49)

4.9

(1.40)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math....................

24.8

(1.03)

25.9

(1.27)

23.7

(1.07)

26.1

(1.21)

19.6

(1.99)

14.5

(1.69)

39.8

(4.51)

24.3

(3.69)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 2 Sci, 2 Math....................

48.1

(1.74)

48.0

(2.22)

48.4

(1.56)

48.1

(2.15)

48.3

(2.63)

43.9

(1.92)

57.9

(4.82)

61.8

(5.56)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, .5 Comp, and 2 FL2 ........................................

18.0

(1.06)

17.8

(1.16)

18.2

(1.09)

18.6

(1.21)

15.1

(1.66)

17.8

(2.42)

23.3

(2.23)

7.8

(3.33)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, and 2 FL ...

29.9

(1.26)

28.8

(1.38)

31.0

(1.36)

31.7

(1.46)

22.9

(2.27)

25.4

(2.41)

42.6

(2.95)

9.9

(3.70)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math....................

38.2

(1.50)

38.5

(1.69)

37.9

(1.54)

39.2

(1.63)

39.0

(3.57)

29.8

(2.51)

47.4

(3.04)

19.2

(4.70)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 2 Sci, 2 Math....................

65.5

(1.96)

64.3

(2.09)

66.4

(1.98)

64.9

(2.28)

71.3

(3.00)

63.7

(3.01)

69.1

(3.90)

46.3

(6.39)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, .5 Comp, and 2 FL2 ........................................

25.1

(1.05)

23.4

(0.93)

26.8

(1.32)

26.4

(1.19)

19.0

(1.45)

27.1

(3.75)

35.5

(2.84)

12.9

(3.09)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, and 2 FL ...

39.0

(1.12)

35.0

(1.11)

42.7

(1.33)

41.6

(1.32)

29.6

(1.52)

35.6

(2.94)

50.1

(2.39)

22.5

(4.31)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math....................

49.3

(1.45)

47.0

(1.45)

51.5

(1.58)

52.4

(1.67)

43.7

(2.39)

40.3

(3.25)

54.9

(2.46)

46.0

(3.30)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 2 Sci, 2 Math....................

73.9

(1.50)

71.2

(1.63)

76.4

(1.46)

75.1

(1.69)

74.5

(2.32)

74.7

(2.61)

72.3

(3.62)

76.3

(3.60)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, .5 Comp, and 2 FL2 ........................................

28.6

(1.72)

27.6

(2.12)

30.1

(1.90)

29.6

(1.99)

27.9

(3.36)

20.4

(2.44)

38.6

(4.61)

16.5

(4.65)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, and 2 FL ...

44.2

(1.92)

40.5

(2.19)

48.2

(2.05)

46.2

(2.16)

40.0

(3.41)

32.0

(2.94)

57.8

(4.51)

28.3

(4.53)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math....................

55.0

(2.44)

52.9

(2.64)

57.8

(2.48)

56.8

(2.69)

55.6

(4.39)

40.0

(3.28)

66.1

(5.69)

40.0

(4.73)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 2 Sci, 2 Math....................

74.5

(2.18)

72.8

(2.34)

77.0

(2.14)

74.7

(2.64)

76.0

(3.21)

70.1

(2.57)

79.5

(4.76)

76.4

(5.21)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, .5 Comp, and 2 FL2 ........................................

31.0

(1.53)

28.6

(1.59)

33.2

(1.73)

31.5

(1.55)

28.9

(1.65)

28.4

(5.50)

37.8

(5.45)

16.2

(2.69)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math, and 2 FL ...

46.5

(1.46)

40.3

(1.59)

52.1

(1.60)

47.8

(1.56)

44.2

(2.14)

38.4

(5.05)

56.5

(3.13)

25.6

(3.40)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 3 Sci, 3 Math....................

57.2

(1.58)

52.9

(1.65)

61.1

(1.70)

58.1

(1.70)

62.4

(2.44)

46.4

(5.46)

61.1

(3.11)

40.9

(5.56)

4 Eng, 3 SS, 2 Sci, 2 Math....................

77.6

(1.58)

74.2

(1.86)

80.6

(1.44)

77.9

(1.84)

81.2

(2.23)

74.1

(3.24)

74.5

(3.05)

71.2

(4.44)

(0.77)

1987 graduates

1990 graduates

1994 graduates

1998 graduates

2000 graduates

1

Eng = English; SS = social studies; Sci = science; Comp = computer science; and FL = foreign language. National Commission on Excellence in Education recommended that all collegebound high school students take these courses as a minimum. NOTE: Data differ slightly from figures appearing in other NCES reports because of differences in taxonomies and case exclusion criteria. Standard errors appear in parentheses. 2The

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, High School and Beyond Longitudinal Study of Sophomores, “High School Transcript Study” (HS&B-So:80/82); The 1987, 1990, 1994, 1998, and 2000 High School Transcript Study (HSTS). (This table was prepared November 2002.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 229 Educational Achievement

Table 136. Public high schools that offered and students enrolled in dual credit, Advanced Placement, and International Baccalaureate courses, by school characteristics: 2003 Total enrollments of public high school students1

Percent of public high schools

School characteristic

Total number of high schools

1

Offered dual Offered Advanced credit courses Placement courses

2

3

Offered International Baccalaureate courses

Dual credit courses

5

6

4

Advanced International Placement courses Baccalaureate courses 7

8

All public high schools...............

16,500

(120)

71

(1.4)

67

(1.1)

2

(0.4) 1,162,000

(53,420) 1,795,400

(54,930)

165,100

(32,820)

Enrollment size Less than 500 ................................... 500 to 1,199...................................... 1,200 or more ...................................

7,400 5,000 4,100

(120) (80) (80)

63 75 82

(2.5) (1.7) (1.8)

40 82 97

(2.3) (1.6) (0.8)

‡ 2 7

(†) (0.6) (1.1)

185,300 335,100 641,600

(15,590) 81,100 (24,020) 481,000 (47,500) 1,233,300

(8,510) (26,970) (47,700)

‡ 24,800 140,200

(†) (11,180) (29,740)

School locale City.................................................... Urban fringe ...................................... Town.................................................. Rural .................................................

2,700 4,100 2,400 7,200

(110) (130) (130) (220)

65 74 79 70

(3.4) (1.9) (3.3) (2.3)

77 87 72 50

(2.9) (2.2) (3.8) (2.2)

6 4 1 ‡

(1.3) (0.9) (0.6) (†)

246,300 458,800 201,700 255,200

(33,160) (36,290) (20,440) (18,150)

548,400 853,200 143,200 250,600

(32,020) (41,300) (10,970) (14,900)

58,700 97,600 8,300 ‡

(15,920) (26,990) (4,770) (†)

Region Northeast .......................................... Southeast.......................................... Central .............................................. West..................................................

2,800 3,500 5,200 5,100

(160) (180) (190) (230)

58 69 80 71

(3.5) (3.4) (2.6) (2.2)

84 69 54 69

(2.3) (2.6) (2.5) (2.3)

1 5 1 3

(0.5) (1.1) (0.4) (0.9)

144,800 194,000 333,900 489,400

(20,600) (19,300) (29,010) (47,580)

390,900 386,100 319,300 699,100

(29,210) (30,540) (22,060) (48,150)

7,300 65,800 25,600 66,400

(4,880) (18,990) (14,170) (23,380)

Percent minority enrollment2 Less than 6 percent .......................... 6 to 20 percent.................................. 21 to 49 percent................................ 50 percent or more ...........................

5,600 3,800 3,200 3,600

(90) (80) (120) (100)

76 78 72 58

(2.5) (2.4) (3.5) (3.1)

58 70 75 69

(2.1) (2.2) (3.0) (2.5)

# 2 5 4

(†) (0.6) (1.3) (1.0)

317,400 380,900 228,900 231,400

(24,840) (35,440) (22,890) (36,220)

267,100 463,800 528,500 497,700

(18,820) (21,630) (29,150) (35,430)

# 16,700 64,300 84,100

(†) (5,470) (19,280) (26,560)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1 Enrollments may include duplicated counts of students in each type of course, since schools were instructed to count a student enrolled in multiple courses of a particular type for each course in which he or she was enrolled. 2 Excludes schools not reporting minority enrollment.

NOTE: Data were collected during the 2002–03 12-month school year. Dual credit courses are those in which high school students can earn both high school and postsecondary credits for the same course. Percentages are based on unrounded numbers. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding or missing data. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Fast Response Survey System (FRSS), “Dual Credit and Exam-Based Courses,” FRSS 85, 2003. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Sex

Activity 1

Socioeconomic status1

Race/ethnicity

Total

Male

Female

White, non-Hispanic

2

3

4

5

Black, non-Hispanic 6

Control of school attended

Hispanic

Asian/Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Low

Middle

High

Public

Catholic

Other private

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

1990

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

At least once a week Use personal computer2 ................ Work on hobbies ............................ Perform community service ........... Driving or riding around ................. Visiting with friends at a local hangout.................................... Talk on phone with friends ............. Take music, art, or dance class...... Take sports lessons ....................... Play ball or other sports .................

15.5 40.4 7.3 56.3

(0.46) (0.61) (0.32) (0.64)

20.4 46.4 5.9 58.4

(0.75) (0.84) (0.37) (0.90)

10.6 34.4 8.6 54.2

(0.48) (0.80) (0.53) (0.85)

16.5 42.6 6.8 59.1

(0.55) (0.70) (0.36) (0.70)

13.4 35.4 10.7 50.2

(1.00) (1.92) (1.26) (2.27)

10.6 33.8 6.0 48.6

(0.93) (1.87) (0.65) (1.64)

18.4 35.1 6.9 43.4

(2.08) (2.32) (1.91) (2.72)

15.1 40.9 7.7 58.2

(3.69) (5.35) (2.26) (4.90)

7.8 36.5 6.7 55.5

(0.56) (1.18) (0.74) (1.17)

14.5 40.4 6.6 58.6

(0.57) (0.83) (0.35) (0.88)

24.6 43.4 8.4 51.9

(1.02) (1.19) (0.56) (1.29)

14.7 40.3 7.1 57.4

(0.41) (0.64) (0.33) (0.66)

22.4 39.6 9.6 51.5

(2.47) (2.46) (1.67) (2.79)

26.1 39.5 8.6 38.5

(4.11) (3.81) (1.63) (3.71)

66.0 80.1 20.1 13.0 47.0

(0.62) (0.55) (0.46) (0.38) (0.63)

69.5 72.5 15.3 15.6 63.1

(0.80) (0.84) (0.59) (0.53) (0.80)

62.4 87.6 24.8 10.3 30.8

(0.87) (0.61) (0.71) (0.53) (0.80)

68.3 81.6 20.9 13.2 45.9

(0.69) (0.60) (0.52) (0.46) (0.69)

60.0 79.8 17.3 11.2 51.7

(2.04) (1.91) (1.49) (1.03) (2.10)

60.0 72.6 15.5 12.7 47.1

(2.06) (1.46) (1.03) (1.07) (1.64)

56.4 78.3 25.3 17.1 48.6

(2.25) (1.79) (1.81) (1.72) (2.62)

68.2 63.8 18.9 8.9 56.2

(3.40) (9.03) (3.28) (2.02) (5.36)

62.2 73.2 14.2 10.1 45.2

(1.34) (1.14) (0.73) (0.69) (1.26)

68.3 81.5 19.9 12.1 46.6

(0.83) (0.71) (0.67) (0.46) (0.86)

64.7 83.8 25.8 16.9 48.9

(1.12) (1.04) (0.98) (0.92) (1.15)

66.1 79.8 19.7 12.8 46.6

(0.66) (0.57) 0.47 (0.40) (0.65)

75.6 86.4 22.5 14.4 49.1

(2.06) (2.14) (1.94) (1.46) (2.85)

51.8 79.8 24.8 12.6 50.2

(3.84) (2.90) (3.77) (1.46) (3.50)

Reading 3 or more hours per week (not for school).............................

30.5 (0.53)

26.3 (0.74)

34.6 (0.78)

31.4 (0.63)

26.1 (1.69)

30.0 (1.59)

28.7 (2.12)

27.4 (5.05)

27.6 (1.07)

30.6 (0.82)

32.2 (1.01)

30.4 (0.57)

27.0 (2.30)

34.9

(3.89)

Watches television more than 5 hours per day on weekdays.........

9.3 (0.42)

10.2 (0.67)

8.4 (0.50)

7.0 (0.35)

22.4 (2.06)

10.0 (1.17)

6.5 (0.98)

15.7 (4.10)

14.7 (0.92)

9.7 (0.65)

4.1 (0.53)

10.0 (0.47)

5.8 (1.08)

1.8

(0.74)

2002 At least once a week Use personal computer at home.... Work on hobbies ............................ Perform community service ........... Driving or riding around ................. Visiting with friends at a local hangout.................................... Talk on phone with friends ............. Take music, art, or language class. Take sports lessons ....................... Play non-school sports ..................

73.1 43.0 10.9 58.3

(0.61) (0.53) (0.37) (0.58)

73.2 44.1 8.9 59.5

(0.76) (0.70) (0.43) (0.76)

73.0 41.8 13.0 57.1

(0.73) (0.72) (0.53) (0.84)

81.0 42.9 10.0 62.4

(0.55) (0.70) (0.45) (0.74)

56.8 41.6 12.6 59.1

(1.34) (1.11) (0.93) (1.45)

56.4 41.8 11.4 46.5

(1.47) (1.18) (0.77) (1.30)

83.2 41.9 14.2 39.3

(1.27) (1.43) (1.29) (1.58)

60.3 49.4 9.4 75.6

(0.56) (1.82) (1.79) (1.01)

53.7 40.6 9.5 56.6

(1.06) (0.93) (0.61) (1.03)

75.0 43.6 10.1 60.5

(0.68) (0.70) (0.44) (0.72)

88.3 44.0 13.9 55.7

(0.70) (0.99) (0.72) (1.12)

72.0 43.0 10.5 58.6

(0.65) (0.56) (0.39) (0.62)

90.5 43.5 18.2 55.2

(1.08) (1.35) (1.12) (1.64)

80.5 39.9 12.0 53.5

(2.68) (1.96) (1.71) (2.59)

79.4 74.1 20.1 23.4 36.5

(0.47) (0.47) (0.46) (0.50) (0.52)

80.3 64.9 13.9 25.2 46.1

(0.65) (0.68) (0.59) (0.68) (0.74)

78.6 83.3 26.4 21.6 27.0

(0.65) (0.56) (0.67) (0.63) (0.68)

83.7 75.0 20.4 24.6 37.2

(0.52) (0.57) (0.58) (0.62) (0.65)

73.8 80.0 20.9 24.0 35.8

(1.08) (0.94) (0.96) (1.04) (1.18)

71.1 67.9 16.4 20.5 35.2

(1.09) (1.13) (0.96) (1.08) (1.22)

69.2 65.2 25.3 18.5 34.8

(1.57) (1.41) (1.49) (1.43) (1.61)

78.6 64.4 17.8 17.9 38.7

(2.72) (3.47) (0.52) (0.51) (0.71)

74.3 69.7 15.3 17.1 32.2

(0.92) (0.87) (0.74) (0.86) (0.86)

80.5 75.9 19.2 23.1 36.5

(0.63) (0.66) (0.58) (0.60) (0.75)

82.2 74.7 26.7 30.0 40.7

(0.79) (0.81) (0.86) (0.89) (0.99)

79.3 73.8 19.6 22.6 36.4

(0.50) (0.50) (0.48) (0.53) (0.55)

84.4 79.8 26.2 34.8 43.1

(1.20) (1.36) (1.37) (1.42) (1.48)

75.7 74.0 28.6 29.4 32.1

(1.64) (2.03) (1.69) (1.52) (2.21)

Reading 3 or more hours per week (not for school).............................

32.2 (0.53)

28.9 (0.65)

35.5 (0.73)

31.1 (0.64)

33.8 (1.33)

33.5 (1.09)

31.1 (1.58)

35.0 (2.10)

31.2 (0.92)

31.5 (0.70)

34.3 (0.94)

32.3 (0.56)

28.4 (1.34)

34.3

(1.93)

Plays video/computer games 3 or more hours per day on weekdays

15.4 (0.39)

24.9 (0.63)

6.0 (0.40)

14.0 (0.42)

20.0 (0.95)

17.2 (0.92)

12.4 (1.30)

16.6 (2.09)

18.8 (0.69)

16.2 (0.55)

10.7 (0.57)

15.9 (0.42)

11.4 (0.92)

9.2

(1.24)

Watches television 6 or more hours per day on weekdays...................

19.7 (0.44)

22.1 (0.64)

17.4 (0.61)

15.8 (0.48)

31.7 (1.09)

24.4 (1.30)

16.2 (1.27)

24.2 (0.58)

25.0 (0.91)

20.3 (0.60)

13.4 (0.67)

20.3 (0.47)

14.0 (0.83)

10.6

(1.23)

1Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured by a composite score on parental education and occupations, and family income. The “low” SES group is the lowest quartile; the “middle” SES group is the middle two quartiles; and the “high” SES group is the upper quartile. 2Question does not specify where computer is used.

NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, The National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88/90), “First Follow-up Student Survey, 1990”; and Education Longitudinal Study of 2002, Base Year (ELS:02). (This table was prepared November 2005.)

230 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Student Activities and Behavior

_

t n e d u t Table S 137. Percentage of high school sophomores who say they engage in various activities, by selected student and school characteristics: 1990 and 2002

_

Table 138. Percentage of high school sophomores who participate in various school-sponsored extracurricular activities, by selected student characteristics: 1990 and 2002 Academic clubs Selected student characteristic 1

Sports

Cheerleading and drill team

Music (band, orchestra, chorus, or choir)

Hobby clubs

Vocational clubs

1990

2002

1990

2002

1990

2002

1990

2002

1990

2002

1990

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

2002 13

All sophomores.............

30.7

(0.62)

8.4

(0.33)

52.2

(0.69)

54.8

(0.63)

9.1

(0.43)

13.7

(0.46)

7.3

(0.37)

9.5

(0.34)

21.5

(0.59)

21.5

(0.52)

11.7

(0.54)

8.3

(0.43)

Sex Male .................................... Female ................................

27.4 34.0

(0.83) (0.87)

6.8 9.9

(0.38) (0.46)

63.0 41.4

(0.89) (0.89)

61.0 48.5

(0.81) (0.85)

2.1 15.8

(0.45) (0.68)

8.1 19.2

(0.52) (0.63)

7.9 6.7

(0.52) (0.50)

8.1 10.9

(0.41) (0.50)

15.6 27.3

(0.63) (0.85)

16.3 26.8

(0.60) (0.71)

11.0 12.3

(0.65) (0.69)

7.6 9.1

(0.53) (0.53)

31.7 26.2 27.2 36.7

(0.72) (1.91) (1.57) (2.24)

8.9 7.3 6.1 14.3

(0.43) (0.67) (0.60) (1.33)

53.5 51.4 43.9 54.9

(0.78) (2.22) (1.82) (2.86)

57.0 55.0 48.3 47.7

(0.79) (1.48) (1.59) (1.87)

8.3 15.7 8.3 5.2

(0.38) (2.34) (0.86) (0.98)

13.2 18.5 12.3 9.1

(0.54) (1.16) (0.97) (1.06)

7.5 5.2 6.7 11.8

(0.46) (0.78) (0.67) (1.47)

9.7 7.8 8.0 15.5

(0.47) (0.68) (0.64) (1.41)

22.3 23.0 14.8 20.6

(0.68) (1.77) (1.19) (2.76)

23.9 21.6 13.0 15.5

(0.65) (1.33) (0.91) (1.56)

12.2 13.7 7.4 5.1

(0.64) (1.84) (0.87) (0.81)

9.3 7.9 5.4 5.2

(0.60) (0.81) (0.63) (0.57)

31.9

(4.66)

5.2

(2.15)

44.2

(5.05)

54.6

(5.33)

11.3

(3.06)

10.8

(2.90)

8.4

(2.83)

5.3

(2.23)

17.3

(3.66)

12.3

(3.75)

16.9

(3.30)

14.3

(3.61)

Test performance quartile1 Lowest test quartile............. Second test quartile2 .......... Third test quartile................ Highest test quartile............

22.5 29.9 30.3 40.0

(1.21) (1.18) (1.15) (1.17)

4.3 6.7 — 15.5

(0.42) (0.37) (†) (0.80)

47.4 50.8 51.8 59.0

(1.42) (1.22) (1.22) (1.25)

47.7 54.5 — 62.3

(1.03) (0.81) (†) (1.04)

9.5 8.6 9.2 9.0

(0.95) (0.94) (0.82) (0.72)

15.0 14.1 — 11.6

(0.82) (0.56) (†) (0.73)

6.5 6.1 7.6 8.7

(0.59) (0.58) (0.65) (0.75)

6.4 9.0 — 13.4

(0.52) (0.42) (†) (0.75)

16.0 20.5 22.1 26.9

(0.87) (1.08) (1.05) (1.05)

15.4 20.8 — 28.7

(0.79) (0.62) (†) (1.02)

17.3 13.2 11.4 6.7

(1.19) (0.86) (0.90) (0.60)

8.8 8.6 — 7.4

(0.63) (0.53) (†) (0.67)

Socioeconomic status3 Low ..................................... Middle ................................. High ....................................

26.3 31.5 34.9

(1.05) (0.89) (1.16)

5.6 7.2 13.3

(0.46) (0.38) (0.74)

42.0 52.7 63.2

(1.19) (0.92) (1.21)

44.9 54.9 64.3

(1.09) (0.82) (1.05)

8.2 9.6 9.3

(0.82) (0.65) (0.65)

13.5 14.2 12.8

(0.73) (0.60) (0.78)

5.8 7.1 9.4

(0.56) (0.55) (0.68)

6.7 8.8 13.5

(0.50) (0.39) (0.79)

18.3 22.1 24.4

(0.93) (0.77) (1.09)

15.6 21.6 27.1

(0.75) (0.64) (1.02)

17.1 11.4 6.5

(1.15) (0.67) (0.54)

9.2 8.6 7.0

(0.76) (0.50) (0.57)

Region Northeast ............................ Midwest............................... South .................................. West....................................

26.9 33.4 32.6 27.5

(1.35) (1.27) (1.06) (1.32)

7.6 6.8 10.8 7.0

(0.85) (0.57) (0.58) (0.66)

55.7 58.3 46.3 51.6

(1.49) (1.27) (1.16) (1.59)

59.3 57.9 52.7 50.9

(1.36) (1.36) (0.89) (1.53)

8.0 8.6 11.3 6.8

(0.66) (0.63) (0.96) (0.71)

14.5 13.7 15.4 10.4

(1.26) (0.89) (0.76) (0.88)

11.0 5.4 5.9 8.7

(1.21) (0.53) (0.53) (0.78)

11.2 8.8 9.8 8.5

(0.78) (0.77) (0.50) (0.77)

22.7 26.6 18.8 18.2

(1.33) (1.22) (0.93) (1.30)

20.8 27.5 21.4 15.8

(1.29) (1.07) (0.85) (0.95)

3.5 11.7 18.6 7.2

(0.46) (1.17) (1.10) (0.86)

4.9 8.0 11.5 7.0

(0.63) (1.10) (0.73) (0.80)

Sophomore’s school sector Public .................................. Catholic............................... Other private .......................

31.0 28.6 29.1

(0.65) (2.40) (4.60)

8.1 11.3 10.5

(0.37) (0.51) (0.56)

50.8 66.5 68.0

(0.70) (2.76) (4.46)

53.2 73.1 73.9

(0.67) (1.38) (2.16)

9.2 7.1 9.9

(0.46) (1.18) (2.47)

13.8 10.7 15.5

(0.49) (1.06) (1.96)

6.7 12.3 13.1

(0.38) (1.53) (3.50)

8.9 17.1 14.8

(0.35) (1.35) (2.14)

22.1 12.6 25.7

(0.61) (1.60) (5.01)

21.2 18.1 33.9

(0.53) (1.82) (3.61)

12.6 2.8 5.5

(0.60) (0.64) (2.32)

8.8 2.2 3.8

(0.46) (0.37) (1.02)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Composite of performance on mathematics, reading, science, and social studies tests. 2 The second quartile in 2002 is a combination of the middle two test quartiles. 3Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured by a composite score on parental education and occupations, and family income.

NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, A Profile of the American High School Sophomore in 2002, Base Year of the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002; and America’s High School Sophomores: A Ten Year Comparison, 1980–1990, The National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88/90), “First Follow-up, 1990.” (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 231 Student Activities and Behavior

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............ Black, Non-Hispanic............ Hispanic .............................. Asian/Pacific Islander.......... American Indian/Alaska Native............................

Selected student and school characteristic

Time spent on homework each day Don’t have

Don’t do

Half hour or less

2

3

4

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1992 All students ................ Sex Male ................................. Female ............................. Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic......... Black, non-Hispanic ......... Hispanic ........................... Asian/Pacific Islander....... American Indian/Alaska Native......................... Control of school Public ............................... Private.............................. 1994 All students ................ Sex Male ................................. Female ............................. 1998 All students ................ Sex Male ................................. Female .............................

Amount of television watched each day One hour More than one hour 5

6

None

One hour or less

Two hours

Three hours

Four hours

Five hours

Six or more hours

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

16

(1.6)

2

(0.2)

39

(1.2)

28

(0.9)

15

(0.6)

2

(0.2)

17

(0.8)

21

(0.7)

19

(0.6)

13

(0.6)

9

(0.4)

20

(0.7)

18 14

(1.8) (1.5)

3 1

(0.4) (0.3)

39 39

(1.4) (1.4)

26 30

(1.0) (1.1)

14 16

(0.8) (0.8)

2 2

(0.3) (0.3)

16 18

(0.8) (1.2)

20 22

(0.9) (0.9)

18 19

(0.9) (0.9)

13 13

(0.7) (0.8)

9 8

(0.7) (0.6)

21 18

(0.9) (0.9)

18 10 11 10

(1.9) (1.6) (1.7) (4.5)

2 3 4 1

(0.3) (0.6) (0.5) (#)

38 45 39 39

(1.5) (2.3) (2.2) (3.4)

29 24 28 28

(1.2) (1.5) (1.7) (4.3)

13 18 18 22

(0.6) (1.4) (1.9) (3.4)

2 2 2 3

(0.3) (0.5) (0.5) (1.3)

18 11 15 26

(0.9) (1.5) (1.2) (3.7)

23 11 20 17

(1.0) (1.0) (1.6) (2.7)

21 12 14 15

(0.8) (1.0) (1.3) (2.8)

14 10 13 11

(0.7) (1.1) (1.2) (1.9)

9 9 9 7

(0.6) (1.2) (1.0) (1.6)

13 44 27 21

(0.8) (1.9) (1.6) (3.2)

17

(5.0)

4

(2.4)

31

(5.7)

18

(4.2)

30

(5.7)

1

(#)

18

(3.8)

13

(3.3)

16

(3.7)

17

(3.3)

11

(3.3)

23

(4.4)

17 7

(1.7) (1.8)

2 1

(0.3) (0.2)

40 34

(1.3) (2.4)

26 38

(0.9) (2.2)

14 21

(0.6) (1.9)

2 2

(0.2) (0.6)

16 21

(0.8) (2.3)

21 24

(0.9) (1.5)

19 18

(0.7) (1.4)

13 14

(0.7) (1.1)

9 9

(0.5) (1.0)

21 12

(0.8) (1.4)

13

(0.9)

3

(0.3)

39

(1.0)

30

(0.7)

15

(0.6)

2

(0.2)

17

(0.6)

21

(0.6)

17

(0.5)

13

(0.6)

9

(0.4)

21

(0.7)

14 12

(1.0) (1.1)

5 2

(0.5) (0.2)

39 40

(1.1) (1.2)

28 32

(1.0) (1.0)

15 15

(0.7) (0.8)

2 2

(0.3) (0.3)

15 20

(0.8) (0.9)

19 23

(0.8) (0.8)

16 17

(0.6) (0.9)

13 13

(0.7) (0.8)

10 8

(0.6) (0.6)

25 17

(0.9) (0.9)

8

(0.8)

2

(0.2)

43

(1.0)

31

(0.8)

16

(0.6)

3

(0.5)

21

(0.6)

22

(0.7)

19

(0.6)

11

(0.5)

8

(0.4)

16

(0.6)

9 7

(1.0) (0.7)

3 1

(0.3) (0.2)

41 44

(1.1) (1.2)

30 32

(1.0) (1.0)

16 16

(0.8) (0.7)

3 3

(0.5) (0.5)

18 24

(0.9) (0.8)

22 22

(0.9) (0.8)

18 19

(1.0) (0.7)

12 10

(0.7) (0.6)

8 7

(0.6) (0.5)

18 14

(1.0) (0.7)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic......... Black, non-Hispanic ......... Hispanic ........................... Asian/Pacific Islander....... American Indian/Alaska Native......................... 2000 All students ................

9 6 7 4 8

(1.0) (0.9) (1.1) (1.7) (2.2)

2 3 3 1 7

(0.2) (0.5) (0.5) (#) (2.0)

43 45 42 39 40

(1.2) (1.9) (1.9) (3.1) (4.9)

32 27 30 36 27

(1.1) (1.5) (1.5) (2.6) (2.8)

15 19 18 20 19

(0.7) (1.5) (1.2) (2.3) (3.6)

3 2 3 4 1

(0.7) (0.5) (0.5) (1.1) (#)

23 14 21 26 19

(0.9) (1.2) (1.2) (2.8) (3.6)

24 14 19 20 19

(0.8) (1.1) (1.0) (3.0) (2.3)

20 14 18 16 15

(0.8) (1.2) (1.2) (2.5) (2.6)

12 11 11 10 8

(0.7) (0.8) (0.9) (2.8) (2.1)

7 12 8 9 12

(0.6) (0.9) (0.8) (1.9) (3.1)

11 34 19 14 27

(0.8) (1.5) (1.0) (2.4) (3.4)

10

(0.9)

2

(0.2)

43

(0.9)

29

(0.6)

16

(0.7)

2

(0.2)

23

(0.7)

23

(0.6)

17

(0.4)

11

(0.5)

6

(0.4)

18

(0.6)

Sex Male ................................. Female .............................

11 9

(0.9) (1.0)

3 1

(0.3) (0.2)

43 43

(1.2) (1.1)

27 31

(0.8) (0.9)

16 16

(0.9) (0.7)

2 2

(0.3) (0.3)

20 26

(1.1) (0.9)

21 24

(0.8) (0.8)

18 17

(0.7) (0.7)

11 10

(0.6) (0.6)

7 6

(0.5) (0.4)

22 15

(0.9) (0.7)

11 8 7 1

(1.1) (0.9) (1.0) (0.7)

1 4 3 1

(0.2) (0.8) (0.5) (0.7)

43 45 43 42

(1.2) (1.8) (1.4) (3.2)

30 26 29 35

(0.8) (1.3) (1.3) (3.2)

15 17 18 21

(0.9) (1.0) (1.3) (3.4)

2 1 2 6

(0.3) (0.2) (0.4) (1.4)

25 14 22 29

(0.9) (0.9) (1.2) (2.7)

25 13 21 28

(0.9) (1.0) (1.2) (3.1)

19 13 16 15

(0.6) (0.9) (1.1) (2.8)

11 10 10 8

(0.6) (0.9) (1.0) (1.6)

6 8 7 7

(0.5) (0.8) (0.6) (1.7)

13 42 22 8

(0.7) (1.5) (1.5) (1.8)

15

(4.7)

7

(2.2)

42

(5.4)

24

(4.5)

13

(2.6)

1

(#)

20

(3.6)

18

(2.2)

21

(3.8)

11

(3.4)

7

(2.2)

23

(3.4)

10 8

(1.0) (1.6)

2 1

(0.2) (0.4)

44 37

(1.0) (1.6)

29 34

(0.7) (1.5)

15 20

(0.7) (1.7)

2 5

(0.2) (1.0)

22 25

(0.8) (1.4)

22 24

(0.7) (0.9)

17 19

(0.5) (0.8)

11 10

(0.5) (0.9)

6 6

(0.4) (0.7)

19 11

(0.7) (1.3)

8 8 15

(1.0) (1.3) (2.3)

3 2 2

(0.4) (0.3) (0.5)

41 44 44

(1.4) (1.3) (2.0)

30 30 27

(1.1) (1.2) (1.4)

18 16 12

(1.2) (1.1) (1.2)

2 3 2

(0.4) (0.3) (0.4)

21 24 22

(0.9) (1.3) (1.8)

21 24 23

(1.1) (1.0) (1.4)

16 18 19

(0.6) (0.8) (1.0)

10 10 13

(0.8) (0.7) (1.1)

7 6 6

(0.6) (0.6) (0.7)

24 15 16

(1.3) (1.0) (1.5)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic......... Black, non-Hispanic ......... Hispanic ........................... Asian/Pacific Islander....... American Indian/Alaska Native......................... Control of school Public ............................... Private.............................. Type of location Central city....................... Urban fringe/large town ... Rural/small town ..............

#Rounds to zero. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1992 through 2000 Reading Assessments, unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http:// nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved October 2001. (This table was prepared November 2001.)

232 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Student Activities and Behavior

Table 139. Percentage distribution of 4th-graders, by time spent on homework and television viewing each day and selected student and school characteristics: Selected years, 1992 through 2000

Table 140. Tenth-graders’ attendance patterns, by selected student and school characteristics: 1990 and 2002 Sex

Attendance pattern

All students

Male

2

3

1

Socioeconomic status1

Race/ethnicity

Female

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

4

5

6

Control of school attended

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Low

Middle

High

Public

Catholic

Other private

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Percentage of 10th-graders in 1990

13.5 21.6 26.1 38.8

Number of times late in first half of current school year Never ............................................. 1 or 2 days ..................................... 3 or more days ...............................

24.7 (0.60) 38.2 (0.62) 37.1 (0.72)

24.8 (0.80) 38.0 (0.88) 37.1 (0.96)

24.6 (0.77) 38.4 (0.83) 37.0 (0.88)

27.4 (0.70) 38.1 (0.69) 34.5 (0.77)

18.1 (1.33) 40.4 (2.02) 41.5 (2.16)

17.3 (1.48) 36.7 (1.54) 46.0 (2.07)

23.0 (1.94) 38.0 (2.22) 39.0 (2.35)

16.0 (3.20) 35.4 (3.64) 48.6 (3.51)

24.4 (1.17) 37.5 (1.10) 38.1 (1.30)

25.0 (0.78) 38.6 (0.84) 36.4 (0.88)

25.9 (0.95) 38.4 (1.16) 35.7 (1.23)

Number of times cut classes in first half of current school year Never ............................................. 1 or 2 times .................................... 3 to 6 times .................................... More than 6 times ..........................

62.4 22.0 8.4 7.2

(0.71) (0.49) (0.33) (0.35)

60.6 22.3 9.2 8.0

(0.90) (0.71) (0.45) (0.49)

64.2 21.7 7.7 6.5

(0.91) (0.67) (0.48) (0.44)

64.0 21.3 8.1 6.5

(0.80) (0.54) (0.40) (0.38)

63.5 22.5 7.5 6.4

(2.12) (1.82) (0.81) (1.03)

50.5 24.6 12.6 12.2

(1.69) (1.44) (1.02) (1.23)

66.4 20.3 5.7 7.6

(2.36) (2.01) (0.87) (1.21)

48.8 35.1 8.3 7.8

(3.91) (3.97) (3.25) (2.04)

59.0 23.4 9.6 8.1

(1.30) (1.09) (0.73) (0.64)

62.4 21.5 8.2 7.9

(0.91) (0.68) (0.44) (0.50)

65.9 22.2 7.3 4.6

Number of days missed in first half of current school year None .............................................. 1 or 2 days ..................................... 3 to 6 days ..................................... More than 6 days ...........................

14.3 35.4 33.0 17.2

(0.38) (0.52) (0.53) (0.41)

16.1 36.1 31.9 16.0

(0.51) (0.69) (0.69) (0.56)

12.5 34.8 34.3 18.5

(0.47) (0.68) (0.69) (0.59)

13.0 35.5 34.4 17.1

(0.48) (0.66) (0.69) (0.49)

16.5 38.4 30.7 14.3

(0.84) (1.17) (1.08) (0.95)

14.2 33.5 32.7 19.6

(0.88) (1.46) (1.01) (1.09)

28.3 35.7 24.3 11.7

(1.59) (1.58) (1.23) (1.16)

12.1 25.0 35.5 27.4

(0.14) (0.92) (1.38) (0.32)

13.5 32.8 33.1 20.6

(0.67) (0.97) (0.87) (0.90)

13.9 35.3 32.7 18.1

(0.48) (0.72) (0.74) (0.53)

16.0 38.2 33.8 12.0

Number of times late in first half of current school year None .............................................. 1 or 2 days ..................................... 3 or more days ...............................

26.0 (0.54) 37.4 (0.54) 36.5 (0.62)

26.0 (0.73) 36.5 (0.75) 37.4 (0.82)

26.0 (0.68) 38.4 (0.71) 35.6 (0.77)

29.8 (0.67) 38.7 (0.66) 31.5 (0.71)

17.4 (0.86) 36.5 (1.33) 46.1 (1.48)

20.4 (1.18) 34.9 (1.17) 44.8 (1.45)

27.4 (1.41) 36.2 (1.52) 36.4 (1.58)

19.8 (0.65) 35.8 (2.42) 44.4 (1.89)

24.6 (0.87) 36.9 (0.98) 38.5 (1.01)

25.8 (0.66) 36.7 (0.72) 37.5 (0.79)

28.1 (0.94) 39.4 (0.91) 32.5 (1.05)

Number of times cut classes in first half of current school year Never ............................................. 1 or 2 times .................................... 3 to 6 times .................................... More than 6 times ..........................

68.4 18.7 6.8 6.1

68.1 18.8 6.8 6.3

68.8 18.5 6.9 5.9

72.9 16.7 5.7 4.7

64.6 20.2 9.0 6.2

56.3 23.9 9.0 10.9

68.9 17.5 8.2 5.3

70.3 22.2 4.7 2.7

62.4 21.3 7.9 8.4

67.1 19.6 7.1 6.2

77.0 14.2 5.2 3.7

(0.44) (0.46) (0.52) (0.63)

16.1 23.0 25.4 35.5

(0.66) (0.72) (0.71) (0.87)

10.7 20.2 26.8 42.2

(0.53) (0.59) (0.76) (0.84)

12.4 21.5 27.3 38.8

(0.48) (0.56) (0.60) (0.72)

19.5 23.7 23.7 33.2

(1.75) (1.41) (1.51) (1.98)

10.4 19.1 23.3 47.2

(0.90) (1.17) (1.15) (1.71)

22.3 27.4 22.7 27.7

(1.74) (1.97) (2.07) (2.22)

10.2 13.5 26.8 49.4

(2.11) (4.21) (3.39) (3.32)

12.3 16.9 22.6 48.2

(0.95) (0.75) (0.89) (1.18)

14.0 22.2 26.4 37.4

(0.61) (0.68) (0.73) (0.85)

15.0 26.0 29.1 29.9

(0.82) (0.98) (0.99) (1.20)

13.4 21.3 26.5 38.8

(0.47) (0.46) (0.56) (0.65)

18.0 26.0 27.3 28.6

(2.16) (2.45) (2.23) (2.35)

15.5 34.0 26.9 23.6

(2.14) (3.92) (2.93) (3.14)

24.9 (0.61) 37.8 (0.63) 37.3 (0.75)

27.5 (2.70) 40.4 (2.26) 32.1 (2.68)

18.3 44.6 37.1

(2.76) (3.87) (4.07)

(1.24) (1.05) (0.56) (0.43)

61.0 22.3 8.8 7.9

(0.77) (0.52) (0.35) (0.39)

78.6 16.6 3.2 1.6

(2.36) (1.92) (0.87) (0.55)

70.3 19.9 6.9 2.9

(3.66) (3.44) (1.28) (1.03)

(0.79) (0.96) (0.97) (0.65)

14.0 35.0 33.2 17.8

(0.40) (0.56) (0.56) (0.44)

16.1 41.0 33.1 9.8

(1.23) (1.62) (1.51) (0.77)

19.2 39.8 29.9 11.1

(2.22) (1.71) (2.04) (1.21)

25.7 (0.58) 37.3 (0.57) 37.0 (0.67)

33.3 (1.79) 40.4 (1.32) 26.3 (1.54)

25.1 38.3 36.7

(2.28) (1.39) (2.11)

67.1 19.2 7.2 6.5

86.1 11.0 1.8 1.0

80.7 13.7 3.9 1.7

(1.90) (1.38) (0.57) (0.47)

Percentage of 10th-graders in 2002

1

(0.70) (0.46) (0.32) (0.30)

(0.87) (0.65) (0.40) (0.40)

(0.83) (0.58) (0.41) (0.40)

(0.75) (0.55) (0.34) (0.31)

(1.64) (1.15) (0.76) (0.67)

Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured by a composite score on parental education and occupations, and family income. The “low” SES group is the lowest quartile; the “middle” SES group is the middle two quartiles; and the “high” SES group is the upper quartile. Data for 2002 for persons reporting more than one race are not shown separately, but are included in totals. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

(1.48) (1.01) (0.83) (0.97)

(1.76) (1.25) (1.08) (0.65)

(3.43) (3.43) (0.29) (0.32)

(1.10) (0.79) (0.65) (0.62)

(0.86) (0.63) (0.40) (0.39)

(1.04) (0.81) (0.47) (0.38)

(0.75) (0.49) (0.34) (0.32)

(1.39) (1.12) (0.40) (0.26)

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, The National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88/90), “First Follow-up Student Survey, 1990”; and Education Longitudinal Study of 2002, Base Year (ELS:02). (This table was prepared November 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 233 Student Activities and Behavior

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Number of days missed in first half of current school year None .............................................. 1 or 2 days ..................................... 3 or 4 days ..................................... 5 or more days ...............................

Table 141. Number and percentage of public schools reporting crime incidents, by school characteristics and seriousness of crime incidents reported: 1999–2000

Type of crime 1 Number of schools, in thousands

Instruction level of school

Size of enrollment

Urbanicity

All public schools

Elementary

Middle

High

Less than 300

300 to 499

500 to 999

1,000 or more

City

Urban fringe

Town

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Rural 13

82

(#)

50

(#)

15

(#)

12

(0.2)

20

(0.5)

23

(0.6)

30

(0.6)

9

(0.2)

19

(#)

26

(#)

10

(#)

26

(#)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Percent of schools with incident ...

86.4

(1.23)

80.1

(1.86)

95.9

(0.95)

97.4

(0.89)

83.1

(2.40)

80.9

(2.30)

90.0

(1.14)

95.6

(1.73)

92.8

(1.58)

80.1

(2.40)

85.1

(3.64)

88.5

(1.73)

Violent incidents2 ................................... Serious violent incidents3 ..................... Rape or attempted rape4................... Sexual battery other than rape5 ........ Physical attack or fight6 with weapon7 Threat of attack with weapon7 ........... Robbery8 with a weapon7 ................. Robbery8 without a weapon7 ............ Physical attack or fight without a weapon ........................................... Threat of attack without weapon ...........

71.4 19.7 0.7 2.5 5.2 11.1 0.5 5.3

(1.37) (0.98) (0.10) (0.33) (0.60) (0.70) (0.15) (0.56)

61.1 14.4 # 1.0 3.7 8.9 ‡ 3.1

(2.06) (1.37) (†) (0.50) (0.82) (1.00) (‡) (0.75)

87.4 29.4 0.8 3.8 7.5 16.7 0.5 8.2

(1.75) (1.93) (0.30) (0.67) (1.14) (1.39) (0.26) (0.93)

91.8 29.2 2.8 6.2 9.6 14.4 1.4 10.2

(1.36) (1.28) (0.57) (0.73) (0.97) (1.26) (0.56) (0.88)

60.7 9.9 # 1.3 2.0 6.1 0.7 2.4

(3.25) (1.58) (†) (0.56) (0.71) (1.31) (0.42) (0.87)

68.2 15.7 0.4 1.3 4.2 7.7 ‡ 3.7

(2.55) (1.63) (0.21) (0.72) (1.09) (1.41) (‡) (0.85)

75.8 24.5 0.5 2.5 6.2 15.1 0.1 6.1

(1.90) (1.96) (0.16) (0.53) (1.18) (1.43) (0.06) (0.97)

89.3 36.3 3.4 8.2 11.8 17.8 1.2 13.8

(2.08) (2.23) (0.69) (0.98) (1.59) (1.77) (0.46) (1.60)

77.3 27.4 0.7 5.5 7.9 14.2 1.3 9.8

(2.95) (2.51) (0.22) (1.35) (1.40) (1.70) (0.57) (1.74)

67.5 22.1 1.1 2.1 5.4 13.0 0.3 5.6

(2.39) (1.78) (0.24) (0.47) (0.99) (1.36) (0.21) (0.70)

73.6 20.0 0.6 1.1 4.7 13.3 ‡ 2.8

(4.20) (3.10) (0.28) (0.48) (1.68) (2.57) (‡) (0.69)

70.2 11.5 ‡ 1.1 3.2 6.0 ‡ 2.8

(2.51) (1.10) (‡) (0.28) (0.70) (0.87) (‡) (0.66)

63.7 52.2

(1.52) (1.47)

52.7 42.6

(2.30) (2.08)

79.5 66.8

(2.12) (2.21)

86.9 72.4

(1.62) (1.88)

52.4 42.4

(3.08) (3.37)

61.1 48.6

(2.95) (3.13)

67.7 56.3

(2.02) (1.91)

82.7 70.6

(2.12) (2.67)

69.4 57.7

(3.29) (3.31)

59.1 49.0

(2.53) (2.14)

68.5 56.6

(4.42) (4.40)

62.1 49.7

(2.78) (2.71)

Theft/larceny9 ..........................................

45.6

(1.37)

30.3

(1.94)

64.5

(2.25)

79.5

(1.66)

33.0

(3.17)

39.9

(2.85)

50.5

(2.18)

72.4

(2.42)

52.6

(2.92)

43.9

(2.44)

45.9

(3.38)

41.9

(2.13)

Other incidents10 .................................... Possess firearm/explosive device11 ...... Possess knife or sharp object ............... Distribution of illegal drugs.................... Possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs............................................... Sexual harrassment12 ........................... Vandalism13 ..........................................

72.7 5.5 42.6 12.3

(1.30) (0.44) (1.28) (0.50)

62.0 1.8 34.5 1.5

(1.98) (0.57) (1.81) (0.42)

88.7 9.6 55.7 24.3

(1.43) (1.08) (2.08) (1.52)

92.7 15.4 58.6 40.4

(1.21) (1.34) (1.78) (1.61)

60.4 2.7 29.2 2.6

(3.22) (0.70) (2.90) (0.60)

65.8 1.6 34.1 6.2

(2.23) (0.68) (2.61) (0.66)

80.2 7.6 49.7 14.6

(1.76) (0.97) (2.18) (1.15)

93.0 15.1 71.2 43.3

(1.75) (1.41) (2.63) (1.99)

80.3 6.6 54.3 13.9

(2.13) (1.12) (3.05) (1.18)

68.6 6.6 39.9 13.7

(2.64) (1.07) (2.62) (0.91)

75.1 3.4 45.0 13.5

(3.95) (0.84) (3.98) (1.48)

70.1 4.5 35.6 9.4

(2.21) (0.74) (2.10) (0.91)

26.6 36.3 51.5

(0.72) (1.26) (1.61)

5.5 23.9 41.2

(0.93) (1.61) (2.50)

51.5 54.2 65.0

(1.72) (1.76) (1.99)

76.6 59.1 75.0

(1.74) (1.84) (1.68)

13.1 25.6 38.8

(1.76) (3.05) (2.82)

17.3 28.5 44.5

(1.41) (2.60) (3.05)

29.4 41.7 57.9

(1.17) (2.18) (2.70)

72.8 62.6 76.3

(2.13) (2.67) (2.38)

26.3 38.2 61.1

(1.64) (2.49) (2.39)

28.3 35.9 51.8

(1.21) (2.25) (2.51)

27.3 36.0 52.4

(2.10) (3.04) (3.97)

24.9 35.3 43.5

(1.71) (2.30) (2.53)

Number of incidents in thousands

2,259 (117.0)

927 (101.1)

674

(37.4)

566

(18.2)

191

(15.6)

438

(66.2)

1,057

(85.5)

574

(26.4)

744

(63.5)

737

(49.0)

309

(45.8)

470

(61.0)

Violent incidents2 ................................... Serious violent incidents3 ..................... Rape or attempted rape4................... Sexual battery other than rape5 ........ Physical attack or fight6 with weapon7 Threat of attack with weapon7 ........... Robbery8 with a weapon7 ................. Robbery8 without a weapon7 ............ Physical attack or fight without a weapon7 .......................................... Threat of attack without weapon ...........

1,466 (103.7) 61 (7.0) 1 (0.1) 4 (1.1) 12 (2.5) 21 (1.9) 3 (2.1) 20 (3.2)

717 23 # 1 6 9 ‡ 7

(91.2) (4.9) (†) (0.3) (2.2) (1.6) (‡) (2.9)

441 18 # 1 4 7 # 6

(28.6) (2.1) (†) (0.3) (1.2) (1.0) (†) (1.1)

261 15 # 2 2 5 # 5

(9.8) (1.9) (†) (1.0) (0.3) (0.7) (†) (0.9)

115 7 # # 0 2 2 2

(12.2) (2.3) (†) (†) (0.2) (0.5) (2.1) (0.6)

301 9 # # 2 3 ‡ 4

(57.6) (1.8) (†) (†) (0.7) (0.8) (†) (1.4)

755 28 # 1 7 11 # 8

(78.3) (4.9) (†) (0.3) (2.3) (1.7) (†) (2.6)

295 17 # 2 3 4 # 7

(18.3) (2.4) (†) (1.0) (0.9) (0.7) (†) (1.1)

494 22 # 3 3 8 # 8

(58.1) (2.7) (†) (1.1) (0.7) (1.4) (†) (1.6)

453 22 # 1 4 7 2 7

(38.6) (3.2) (†) (0.2) (1.1) (1.2) (2.1) (1.6)

221 7 # # 3 3 ‡ 1

(41.3) (2.2) (†) (†) (1.8) (1.1) (‡) (0.3)

298 10 ‡ # 2 3 ‡ 4

(54.1) (2.5) (‡) (†) (1.1) (0.5) (‡) (2.2)

Theft/larceny9 .......................................... 10

Other incidents .................................... Possess firearm/explosive device11 ...... Possess knife or sharp object ............... Distribution of illegal drugs.................... Possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs............................................... Sexual harrassment12 ........................... Vandalism13 .......................................... See notes at end of table.

807 599

(59.6) (52.7)

391 304

(51.5) (48.3)

247 176

(15.8) (16.8)

147 99

(6.1) (5.5)

61 47

(7.9) (5.9)

153 139

(26.4) (37.5)

419 308

(47.6) (34.4)

173 105

(14.2) (6.4)

278 194

(35.7) (25.3)

235 197

(17.0) (23.7)

132 82

(26.6) (18.8)

163 126

(25.0) (35.8)

218

(9.2)

42

(4.1)

63

(5.0)

100

(5.2)

22

(3.1)

35

(3.3)

74

(4.4)

88

(5.5)

67

(6.0)

82

(5.4)

23

(2.4)

45

(3.1)

575 9 86 28

(21.3) (2.2) (4.0) (1.6)

167 3 35 1

(14.4) (2.2) (3.0) (0.5)

170 2 23 8

(10.7) (0.3) (1.3) (0.6)

204 3 24 16

(8.0) (0.4) (1.4) (1.2)

53 1 10 1

(5.2) (0.1) (1.4) (0.3)

102 0 16 2

(11.3) (0.2) (1.7) (0.3)

228 5 37 9

(12.9) (2.3) (2.4) (0.9)

191 2 23 15

(7.8) (0.3) (1.5) (1.3)

182 2 31 10

(10.8) (0.4) (2.5) (1.3)

202 4 27 10

(12.4) (2.3) (2.1) (0.9)

64 0 10 3

(5.4) (0.1) (1.1) (0.4)

127 1 18 5

(10.0) (0.2) (1.4) (0.5)

114 128 211

(4.9) (6.1) (13.6)

7 40 81

(2.9) (4.9) (8.6)

26 49 61

(1.4) (3.3) (7.6)

74 29 57

(3.5) (2.1) (4.4)

6 15 21

(0.9) (2.0) (2.9)

13 26 44

(3.3) (4.3) (6.9)

31 58 87

(1.8) (3.8) (8.4)

64 28 59

(3.0) (2.0) (4.9)

35 31 73

(3.2) (3.2) (6.1)

45 44 71

(3.0) (3.4) (8.5)

13 15 23

(1.4) (1.7) (2.9)

21 38 44

(1.7) (4.4) (5.7)

234 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Student Activities and Behavior

_

Table 141. Number and percentage of public schools reporting crime incidents, by school characteristics and seriousness of crime incidents reported: 1999–2000—Continued

Type of crime 1

Instruction level of school

Size of enrollment

Urbanicity

All public schools

Elementary

Middle

High

Less than 300

300 to 499

500 to 999

1,000 or more

City

Urban fringe

Town

Rural

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Number of incidents per 100,000

4,849 (252.4)

3,959 (423.8)

7,018 (405.0)

4,849 (141.2)

5,098 (442.7)

4,834 (720.9)

5,133 (420.2)

4,346 (205.0)

5,502 (457.9)

4,023 (263.9)

6,079 (892.9)

4,855

(631.4)

Violent incidents2 ................................... Serious violent incidents3 ..................... Rape or attempted rape4................... Sexual battery other than rape5 ........ Physical attack or fight6 with weapon7 Threat of attack with weapon7 ........... Robbery8 with a weapon7 ................. Robbery8 without a weapon7 ............ Physical attack or fight without a weapon ........................................... Threat of attack without weapon ...........

3,147 (223.8) 130 (15.2) 1 (0.2) 9 (2.4) 26 (5.4) 45 (4.1) 6 (4.6) 43 (6.8)

3,064 (383.9) 98 (20.8) # (†) 3 (1.3) 24 (9.2) 39 (6.9) ‡ (‡) 32 (12.3)

4,595 (305.8) 189 (21.8) 1 (0.6) 12 (3.4) 39 (12.6) 68 (10.3) 1 (0.5) 67 (12.0)

2,241 130 3 18 20 40 3 45

(76.8) (16.2) (0.7) (8.9) (3.0) (6.2) (1.1) (7.3)

3,086 (347.4) 184 (63.6) # (†) 9 (5.0) 13 (5.1) 57 (13.7) 59 (57.3) 46 (17.4)

3,324 (633.7) 105 (19.2) 2 (1.0) 4 (1.9) 21 (7.3) 39 (8.7) 1 (1.0) 39 (14.9)

3,667 (382.5) 134 (23.7) 1 (0.2) 6 (1.7) 32 (11.0) 54 (8.1) 0 (0.1) 41 (12.5)

2,232 (139.6) 127 (17.7) 3 (0.5) 17 (7.8) 23 (6.6) 33 (4.9) 2 (1.0) 50 (8.6)

3,655 (424.7) 164 (20.3) 1 (0.4) 21 (8.2) 25 (5.4) 57 (10.1) 3 (1.2) 57 (12.1)

2,473 (208.7) 120 (17.8) 2 (0.4) 5 (1.2) 20 (6.0) 41 (6.3) 12 (11.7) 41 (8.7)

4,360 (807.0) 139 (42.0) 1 (0.6) 3 (1.3) 52 (36.2) 64 (22.3) ‡ (‡) 19 (6.7)

3,079 99 ‡ 3.7 24 27 ‡ 41.9

(557.5) (26.3) (†) (1.0) (11.4) (4.8) (‡) (22.9)

1,732 (128.8) 1,285 (113.2)

1,668 (218.9) 1,297 (203.1)

2,574 (168.6) 1,832 (178.3)

1,260 850

(49.5) (45.6)

1,634 (216.4) 1,268 (170.2)

1,690 (290.5) 1,529 (413.0)

2,037 (230.2) 1,496 (170.2)

1,311 (110.7) 794 (46.7)

2,054 (260.2) 1,437 (186.3)

1,280 (91.5) 1,073 (128.4)

2,602 (522.4) 1,618 (366.8)

1,679 1,301

(254.4) (370.8)

468

(20.2)

180

(17.0)

Other incidents10 Possess firearm/explosive device11 ...... Possess knife or sharp object ............... Distribution of illegal drugs.................... Possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs............................................... Sexual harrassment12 ........................... Vandalism13 ..........................................

1,234 18 184 59

(44.8) (4.8) (8.7) (3.5)

715 13 148 6

(59.6) (9.6) (12.5) (2.3)

245 274 453

(10.4) (13.0) (28.6)

31 171 345

(12.4) (20.5) (36.2)

(54.2)

861

(46.5)

1,771 (113.6) 22 (2.7) 241 (14.2) 84 (6.6)

653

1,747 25 203 141

(59.4) (3.2) (11.8) (10.3)

637 252 489

(27.4) (17.4) (36.6)

270 514 639

(13.8) (34.6) (80.6)

585

(81.5)

1,427 (138.8) 15 (3.8) 279 (37.1) 25 (7.0) 153 399 557

(24.7) (53.3) (80.6)

(32.9)

358

(21.4)

664

(44.7)

499

(44.1)

448

(30.1)

1,127 (117.9) 5 (1.8) 177 (19.5) 26 (3.8)

382

1,108 25 179 45

(65.6) (11.1) (12.2) (4.2)

1,449 18 171 114

(58.3) (2.0) (10.7) (9.9)

1,348 17 227 73

(73.4) (3.0) (17.7) (8.8)

1,102 24 147 56

(66.2) (12.5) (11.5) (5.1)

152 283 424

(9.1) (19.1) (42.0)

484 215 446

(23.8) (15.8) (36.0)

261 231 540

(22.7) (24.4) (43.3)

247 238 390

(15.3) (19.1) (45.5)

147 288 485

(35.6) (45.9) (72.6)

(47.0)

468.2

(33.1)

1,267 (104.5) 8 (2.1) 201 (21.3) 62 (8.8)

453

1,309 14.5 186.3 47.1

(107.8) (2.4) (15.2) (5.5)

218 388 454

(16.9) (47.5) (59.7)

251 298 447

(27.4) (33.6) (56.1)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 235 Student Activities and Behavior

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Theft/larceny9 ..........................................

Table 141. Number and percentage of public schools reporting crime incidents, by school characteristics and seriousness of crime incidents reported: 1999–2000 Percent minority enrollment1 Type of crime

Region

Less than 10

10 to 24

25 to 50

50 to 74

75 or more

0 to 20

21 to 50

Over 50 percent

Northeast

Southeast

Central

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

1 Number of schools, in thousands .

Percent of students eligible for free/reduced-price lunch

32

(1.3)

14

(0.7)

13

(0.8)

9

(0.8)

13

(0.7)

23

(1.0)

29

(1.1)

30

(1.2)

16

(0.8)

18

(1.1)

23

(1.2)

West 25 24

(1.0)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Percent of schools with incident ...

83.2

(2.09)

86.6

(2.51)

90.4

(2.51)

90.6

(2.81)

86.7

(2.59)

82.7

(2.24)

87.1

(1.89)

88.5

(1.79)

82.9

(2.74)

86.9

(2.17)

86.0

(1.91)

88.5

(2.13)

Violent incidents2 ................................... Serious violent incidents3 ..................... Rape or attempted rape4................... Sexual battery other than rape5 ........ Physical attack or fight6 with weapon7 Threat of attack with weapon7 ........... Robbery8 with a weapon7 ................. Robbery8 without a weapon7 ............ Physical attack or fight without a weapon ........................................... Threat of attack without weapon ...........

69.4 14.6 0.5 1.0 2.5 8.6 ‡ 3.5

(2.29) (1.23) (0.19) (0.23) (0.57) (0.93) (‡) (0.65)

70.5 20.8 0.8 2.5 6.0 12.2 ‡ 2.9

(3.50) (2.65) (0.28) (0.81) (1.88) (2.21) (‡) (0.74)

71.8 21.7 0.9 2.9 7.0 11.4 ‡ 6.7

(3.48) (2.68) (0.29) (0.70) (1.46) (2.23) (‡) (1.41)

75.3 24.8 ‡ 3.7 6.9 16.0 1.4 6.7

(4.01) (2.75) (‡) (1.18) (1.64) (2.92) (1.03) (1.75)

73.1 26.8 1.1 5.0 8.4 13.1 1.2 10.1

(3.77) (2.59) (0.32) (1.83) (1.61) (2.06) (0.56) (2.07)

68.1 16.2 0.7 2.0 4.0 9.5 0.1 3.5

(2.60) (1.64) (0.25) (0.49) (0.85) (1.25) (0.08) (0.58)

71.0 18.5 0.7 2.1 5.2 10.6 0.2 4.5

(2.52) (1.29) (0.23) (0.38) (1.02) (1.15) (0.10) (0.59)

74.4 23.6 0.6 3.2 6.1 12.8 0.9 7.6

(2.34) (2.13) (0.16) (0.83) (1.00) (1.43) (0.40) (1.42)

69.0 20.4 0.7 2.2 5.4 11.3 0.7 6.6

(3.51) (2.47) (0.25) (0.85) (1.33) (2.04) (0.42) (1.51)

69.5 16.1 ‡ 2.4 4.6 8.3 0.9 4.0

(2.39) (1.85) (‡) (0.60) (0.77) (1.52) (0.57) (0.93)

72.8 18.0 0.8 2.6 4.4 11.2 ‡ 4.1

(2.15) (1.58) (0.25) (0.60) (0.99) (1.16) (‡) (0.88)

73.1 23.8 0.9 2.6 6.3 13.0 0.4 6.8

(73.14) (23.78) (0.85) (0.73) (1.29) (1.44) (0.18) (1.19)

61.7 53.4

(2.41) (2.49)

66.3 47.9

(3.64) (3.48)

63.6 51.4

(3.82) (4.02)

67.0 54.3

(3.99) (4.16)

62.1 51.9

(4.24) (4.12)

60.7 50.4

(2.69) (2.43)

64.5 53.5

(2.56) (2.38)

65.1 52.5

(2.64) (2.82)

60.3 51.2

(3.63) (3.21)

61.6 49.8

(2.52) (2.59)

66.3 57.8

(1.97) (2.57)

64.9 49.4

(2.74) (2.83)

Theft/larceny9 ..........................................

43.8

(1.97)

43.9

(3.22)

45.7

(3.27)

52.9

(5.12)

46.1

(4.20)

46.4

(2.58)

47.2

(2.25)

43.4

(2.57)

38.2

(3.00)

42.7

(3.10)

48.4

(2.40)

50.1

(2.79)

Other incidents10 .................................... Possess firearm/explosive device11 ...... Possess knife or sharp object ............... Distribution of illegal drugs.................... Possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs............................................... Sexual harrassment12 ........................... Vandalism13 ..........................................

69.1 3.7 33.9 12.5

(2.58) (0.54) (1.93) (0.95)

70.6 8.2 41.0 15.4

(3.20) (1.56) (3.48) (1.74)

78.4 4.5 50.7 13.0

(3.42) (0.97) (3.98) (1.43)

79.3 7.4 45.8 11.1

(4.11) (1.95) (3.93) (1.54)

73.3 6.6 55.5 9.5

(3.06) (1.22) (3.57) (1.31)

68.9 6.0 34.7 16.3

(2.65) (0.98) (2.22) (1.47)

73.6 6.2 42.1 13.4

(2.54) (0.73) (2.54) (1.00)

74.7 4.5 49.1 8.3

(1.88) (0.87) (2.45) (0.78)

66.4 3.4 34.9 11.4

(3.12) (0.54) (3.10) (1.62)

71.3 5.1 48.1 11.5

(2.74) (0.74) (2.84) (1.13)

72.7 4.2 38.4 12.3

(2.37) (0.63) (2.43) (1.00)

77.8 8.5 47.6 13.6

(2.29) (1.18) (2.85) (0.93)

26.4 36.9 47.0

(1.29) (1.90) (2.47)

28.2 38.0 50.7

(2.45) (3.05) (4.00)

30.8 36.6 56.3

(2.56) (2.63) (3.77)

26.1 37.0 57.1

(2.86) (3.92) (3.88)

21.9 30.1 54.3

(1.97) (3.16) (3.25)

31.2 38.9 51.1

(1.81) (2.37) (2.89)

29.1 38.3 52.0

(1.52) (2.30) (2.34)

20.8 32.3 51.2

(1.34) (2.19) (2.30)

21.6 34.9 46.1

(1.81) (2.94) (3.61)

24.1 30.9 43.2

(1.67) (2.20) (3.13)

27.5 37.4 52.0

(1.59) (2.46) (2.41)

31.0 40.1 60.7

(2.03) (2.64) (3.29)

Number of incidents in thousands

612

(43.5)

372

(37.5)

450

(73.4)

284

(30.5)

513

(72.9)

523

(40.6)

801

(71.7)

935

(87.3)

336

(34.8)

491

(75.7)

638

(57.8)

794

(70.2)

Violent incidents2 ................................... Serious violent incidents3 ..................... Rape or attempted rape4................... Sexual battery other than rape5 ........ Physical attack or fight6 with weapon7 Threat of attack with weapon7 Robbery8 with a weapon7 ................. Robbery8 without a weapon7 ............ Physical attack or fight without a weapon7 .......................................... Threat of attack without weapon ...........

369 11 # # 2 6 ‡ 3

(38.5) (1.6) (†) (†) (0.6) (1.2) (‡) (0.6)

222 11 # 1 2 4 # 4

(27.6) (2.4) (†) (0.2) (0.9) (0.7) (†) (2.2)

295 16 # 2 5 3 ‡ 5

(60.7) (4.7) (†) (1.0) (2.1) (0.7) (‡) (1.8)

180 9 ‡ 1 2 3 # 3

(23.2) (1.6) (†) (0.3) (0.7) (0.9) (†) (0.8)

382 13 # 1 2 5 # 5

(67.0) (1.7) (†) (0.3) (0.4) (1.1) (†) (0.8)

288 11 # 2 1 5 # 3

(35.0) (1.9) (†) (1.0) (0.3) (1.2) (†) (0.7)

500 19 # 1 5 6 # 6

(59.7) (2.3) (†) (0.2) (1.6) (0.8) (†) (1.0)

678 31 # 2 6 10 2 11

(77.8) (6.9) (†) (0.4) (2.0) (1.6) (2.1) (3.2)

217 11 # 1 2 4 # 4

(29.0) (2.4) (†) (0.2) (0.9) (1.0) (†) (1.4)

353 16 ‡ 1 4 3 2 5

(66.1) (6.2) (†) (0.3) (2.1) (1.0) (2.1) (2.3)

413 14 # 1 2 8 ‡ 3

(50.2) (2.1) (†) (0.2) (0.7) (1.4) (‡) (0.9)

483 19 # 2 3 6 # 8

(57.3) (2.7) (†) (1.0) (1.0) (0.9) (†) (1.7)

210 148

(25.1) (17.9)

124 87

(14.0) (14.6)

144 135

(21.8) (42.3)

104 67

(16.1) (8.3)

216 153

(41.9) (27.9)

154 123

(17.0) (17.9)

264 217

(28.6) (38.0)

388 259

(49.3) (30.8)

132 74

(21.0) (10.6)

181 156

(25.1) (40.7)

226 173

(32.6) (20.9)

268 196

(34.9) (27.7)

Theft/larceny9 ..........................................

68

(3.9)

45

(5.3)

39

(3.7)

31

(4.3)

33

(4.9)

75

(5.1)

84

(5.7)

59

(4.8)

36

(2.8)

36

(3.5)

67

(5.6)

79

(5.7)

175 1 22 8

(10.4) (0.2) (1.6) (0.6)

105 1 16 5

(8.9) (0.3) (2.0) (0.7)

117 3 17 5

(15.7) (2.2) (1.4) (0.6)

73 1 10 3

(8.7) (0.2) (0.9) (0.5)

98 2 20 6

(7.8) (0.3) (2.2) (1.1)

160 2 19 9

(7.1) (0.3) (1.5) (0.8)

217 2 31 10

(15.2) (0.3) (2.6) (1.1)

198 4 36 9

(12.9) (2.2) (2.8) (1.1)

84 1 14 3

(7.7) (0.2) (1.7) (0.4)

101 1 20 6

(8.7) (0.2) (1.4) (0.7)

158 1 22 8

(11.7) (0.2) (2.2) (1.0)

232 5 30 11

(17.4) (2.2) (2.4) (1.2)

33 49 62

(2.2) (3.4) (6.6)

23 26 34

(2.2) (3.0) (3.8)

26 24 43

(3.2) (3.5) (9.9)

15 13 30

(2.6) (2.0) (5.9)

16 14 40

(1.8) (1.9) (4.3)

42 37 51

(2.5) (2.8) (3.8)

43 52 79

(3.2) (4.5) (9.2)

29 38 81

(3.0) (3.6) (7.3)

16 19 30

(3.0) (2.6) (3.7)

18 26 31

(1.5) (3.8) (3.9)

30 39 57

(2.8) (3.6) (6.8)

50 44 92

(3.3) (3.3) (11.9)

10

Other incidents .................................... Possess firearm/explosive device11 ...... Possess knife or sharp object ............... Distribution of illegal drugs.................... Possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs............................................... Sexual harrassment12 ........................... Vandalism13 .......................................... See notes at end of table.

236 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Student Activities and Behavior

_

Table 141. Number and percentage of public schools reporting crime incidents, by school characteristics and seriousness of crime incidents reported: 1999–2000—Continued Percent minority enrollment1 Type of crime

Percent of students eligible for free/reduced-price lunch

Region

Less than 10

10 to 24

25 to 50

50 to 74

75 or more

0 to 20

21 to 50

Over 50 percent

Northeast

Southeast

Central

West

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

1 Number of incidents per 100,000

4,172 (291.9)

4,529 (403.5)

5,385 (816.3)

4,867 (399.0)

5,670 (804.4)

3,494 (257.4)

5,145 (455.6)

5,826 (525.9)

3,731 (346.7)

4,391 (604.9)

5,761 (475.2)

5,182

(423.1)

Violent incidents2 ................................... Serious violent incidents3 ..................... Rape or attempted rape4................... Sexual battery other than rape5 ........ Physical attack or fight6 with weapon7 Threat of attack with weapon7 ........... Robbery8 with a weapon7 ................. Robbery8 without a weapon7 ............ Physical attack or fight without a weapon ........................................... Threat of attack without weapon ...........

2,516 (264.7) 77 (10.5) 1 (0.6) 3 (0.6) 11 (3.8) 42 (8.1) ‡ (‡) 19 (4.3)

2,699 (302.5) 133 (28.3) 1 (0.5) 7 (3.0) 22 (11.0) 48 (8.8) ‡ (‡) 53 (27.2)

3,526 (688.1) 191 (55.9) 1 (0.5) 18 (11.4) 56 (26.0) 30 (7.7) ‡ (‡) 60 (21.4)

3,077 (339.1) 147 (28.1) 0 (0.3) 12 (4.6) 32 (12.6) 56 (14.9) 3 (1.8) 43 (13.1)

4,223 (744.3) 148 (17.8) 2 (0.6) 11 (3.3) 22 (4.8) 57 (12.0) 3 (1.3) 53 (8.9)

1,926 (225.8) 75 (12.5) 1 (0.5) 11 (6.6) 8 (1.8) 35 (7.9) 0 (0.2) 19 (4.8)

3,208 (383.7) 119 (14.5) 2 (0.6) 6 (1.6) 33 (10.6) 39 (5.3) 1 (0.5) 37 (6.1)

4,227 (472.4) 193 (43.3) 1 (0.3) 11 (2.5) 34 (12.3) 61 (9.9) 15 (13.4) 71 (19.7)

2,404 (293.0) 124 (24.4) 1 (0.5) 6 (2.3) 24 (9.8) 45 (10.7) 2 (1.4) 45 (15.0)

3,162 (538.2) 144 (54.9) ‡ (‡) 9 (2.9) 40 (18.3) 30 (8.7) 21 (19.2) 45 (20.7)

3,730 (440.8) 130 (17.8) 2 (0.8) 8 (2.0) 19 (5.9) 70 (12.3) ‡ (‡) 30 (8.2)

3,153 125 1 12 21 39 1 51

(355.7) (15.9) (0.4) (6.3) (6.3) (5.3) (0.4) (10.9)

1,432 (178.4) 1,008 (116.9)

1,506 (148.8) 1,060 (168.9)

1,720 (241.6) 1,614 (490.7)

1,778 (242.3) 1,152 (125.6)

2,386 (469.2) 1,689 (305.5)

1,031 (107.0) 821 (117.6)

1,698 (183.3) 1,392 (244.7)

2,418 (300.9) 1,616 (186.1)

1,464 (220.6) 817 (108.4)

1,623 (190.0) 1,395 (345.5)

2,038 (289.3) 1,562 (183.7)

1,747 1,281

(221.9) (172.3)

462

(22.5)

546

(65.3)

Other incidents10 Possess firearm/explosive device11 ...... Possess knife or sharp object ............... Distribution of illegal drugs.................... Possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs............................................... Sexual harrassment12 ........................... Vandalism13 ..........................................

1,193 10 151 55

(65.2) (1.6) (10.7) (4.5)

1,284 18 191 65

(92.8) (3.2) (23.4) (8.1)

1,397 (176.5) 37 (25.9) 198 (17.7) 58 (7.1)

226 332 420

(13.3) (22.8) (43.2)

283 314 414

(26.3) (31.5) (42.1)

307 (39.7) 282 (40.3) 515 (114.4)

462

(42.2)

(59.7)

364

(53.7)

498

(34.8)

542

(38.2)

367

(31.2)

394

(35.1)

323

(29.5)

604

(39.2)

518

(35.6)

1,253 (123.3) 16 (3.4) 174 (14.1) 56 (9.3)

537

1,084 17 225 67

(78.3) (3.2) (21.3) (12.2)

1,069 13 124 61

(45.3) (1.9) (9.9) (5.9)

1,394 16 200 65

(88.2) (2.0) (15.7) (6.6)

1,233 26 225 53

(75.1) (13.9) (15.3) (6.8)

932 10 159 36

(78.4) (2.4) (17.0) (4.3)

905 13 176 49

(68.3) (2.2) (13.1) (5.2)

1,427 12 200 72

(81.1) (2.0) (18.6) (8.7)

1,512 32 194 72

(104.0) (14.3) (13.3) (6.5)

181 152 443

(18.3) (20.2) (46.4)

279 250 342

(16.4) (17.0) (24.8)

277 332 504

(20.3) (28.2) (55.2)

183 239 506

(18.2) (21.6) (45.9)

180 213 334

(33.1) (28.9) (38.0)

158 229 281

(12.6) (31.8) (32.0)

273 354 516

(20.5) (25.8) (57.3)

328 285 602

(19.8) (22.9) (75.1)

260 229 518

(42.8) (29.7) (92.2)

#Rounds to zero. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Some schools are omitted from these categories because of missing data on their school characteristics. For this reason, the detailed results do not sum to the totals. See appendix J of 2000 School Survey on Crime and Safety: Detailed Data Documentation (NCES 2004-307) for further information. 2Violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon. 3Serious violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fight with a weapon, threat of physical attack with a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon. 4 Rape was defined for respondents as “forced sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, or oral penetration). This includes penetration from a foreign object.” 5Sexual battery was defined for respondents as an “incident that includes threatened rape, fondling, indecent liberties, child molestation, or sodomy.” 6Physical attack or fight was defined for respondents as an “actual and intentional touching or striking of another person against his or her will, or the intentional causing of bodily harm to an individual.“ 7 Weapon was defined for respondents as “any instrument or object used with the intent to threaten, injure, or kill. Includes look-alikes if they are used to threaten others.“ 8Robbery was defined for respondents as “the taking or attempting to take anything of value that is owned by another person or organization, under confrontational circumstances by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear. A key difference between robbery and theft/larceny is that robbery involves a threat or battery.“ 9Theft/larceny (taking things over $10 without personal confrontation) was defined for respondents as “the unlawful taking of another person’s property without personal confrontation, threat, violence, or bodily harm. Included are pocket picking, stealing purse or backpack (if left unattended or no force was used to take it from owner), theft from a building, theft from a motor vehicle or motor vehicle parts or accessories, theft of bicycles, theft from vending machines, and all other types of thefts.“

10Other

incidents include possession of a firearm or explosive device, possession of a knife or sharp object, distribution of illegal drugs, possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs, sexual harassment, or vandalism. 11Firearm/explosive device was defined as “any weapon that is designed to (or may readily be converted to) expel a projectile by the action of an explosive. This includes guns, bombs, grenades, mines, rockets, missiles, pipe bombs, or similar devices designed to explode and capable of causing bodily harm or property damage.” 12Sexual harassment was defined for respondents as “unsolicited, offensive behavior that inappropriately asserts sexuality over another person. The behavior may be verbal or non-verbal.“ 13 Vandalism was defined for respondents as “the willful damage or destruction of school property, including bombing, arson, graffiti, and other acts that cause property damage. Includes damage caused by computer hacking.“ NOTE: If the respondent did not provide a value for the total number of specified incidents at the school, the value was imputed to equal the number of specified incidents reported to police. Values associated with violent incidents, serious violent incidents, total incidents, and other incidents were obtained by adding the post-imputed values that comprise each of the preceding composite variables. All public schools include elementary schools, middle schools, high schools, and combined schools. The population counts on SSOCS 2000 exclude all schools in outlying U.S. territories, nonregular schools such as special education, vocational, alternative/other schools, ungraded schools and schools with a high grade of kindergarten or lower. “At school/at your school” was defined for respondents as including activities happening in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that are holding school-sponsored events or activities. Respondents were instructed to, unless the survey specified otherwise, only respond for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities/events were in session. Elementary schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 8. Middle schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 9. Secondary schools are defined as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 9 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 12. Combined schools include all other combinations of grades, including K–12 schools. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2000. (This table was prepared May 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 237 Student Activities and Behavior

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Theft/larceny9 ..........................................

238 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Student Activities and Behavior _

Table 142. Percentage of schools with various security measures, by control and selected characteristics: 1999–2000 Total schools Selected school characteristic

Number

1

Percent of schools with security measures

Percentage distribution

Required visitor sign-in

Daily metal detector checks1

6

Daily presence of police Drug sweeps or security

7

8

Video surveillance

9

Violence prevention program

2

3 100.0

96.6

(0.23)

1.7

(0.14)

7.7

(0.24)

89.7

(0.34)

20.9

(0.44)

23.4

(0.42)

14.9

(0.40)

59.2

(0.74)

School enrollment Under 300 ................... 24,626 (444.2) 300 to 499................... 22,733 (479.2) 500 to 999................... 28,788 (428.8) 1,000 to 1,499............. 5,454 (217.2) 1,500 or more ............. 3,133 (109.8)

29.1 26.8 34.0 6.4 3.7

91.1 98.5 99.1 98.3 99.4

(0.71) (0.28) (0.18) (0.65) (0.24)

2.1 0.9 1.3 2.5 5.9

(0.36) (0.23) (0.18) (0.60) (1.35)

5.0 5.2 8.5 17.3 23.8

(0.43) (0.44) (0.45) (1.49) (1.98)

82.2 91.9 95.1 89.7 82.2

(0.96) (0.57) (0.47) (0.82) (1.29)

22.0 15.2 19.7 35.6 38.5

(0.97) (0.83) (0.65) (1.57) (2.40)

12.7 12.5 25.8 66.0 90.3

(0.91) (0.75) (0.73) (2.43) (1.76)

9.7 13.1 15.6 30.1 35.7

(0.76) (0.77) (0.72) (1.71) (1.92)

53.0 59.9 62.2 62.9 69.9

(1.33) (1.31) (1.22) (2.07) (1.91)

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price school lunch Less than 15 ............... 15 to 29....................... 30 to 49....................... 50 to 74....................... 75 to 100.....................

23.5 19.6 21.5 18.6 16.9

95.1 96.7 96.9 96.7 97.8

(0.64) (0.46) (0.59) (0.54) (0.41)

0.3 0.6 1.3 2.2 4.9

(0.09) (0.17) (0.34) (0.35) (0.63)

3.6 4.6 6.9 11.8 13.4

(0.36) (0.45) (0.65) (0.97) (0.83)

84.9 88.2 89.7 92.7 94.6

(0.78) (1.00) (0.84) (0.63) (0.61)

20.4 21.1 23.0 19.5 20.2

(0.83) (0.98) (1.22) (1.17) (1.30)

23.4 20.5 20.1 21.3 33.3

(0.85) (0.96) (1.04) (1.08) (1.49)

16.7 14.9 13.0 13.3 16.4

(0.96) (0.93) (0.77) (1.00) (1.12)

54.4 55.5 61.1 62.2 64.5

(1.61) (1.47) (1.61) (1.60) (1.60)

(454.7) (458.7) (449.1) (405.9) (357.6)

5

Closed lunch2

Public total............. 84,735 (284.6)

19,877 16,634 18,188 15,758 14,279

4

Random metal detector checks

10

11

Community type Central city .................. 20,395 (303.5) Urban fringe/large town ...................... 37,786 (412.5) Rural/small town ......... 26,555 (352.3)

24.1

98.4

(0.30)

5.0

(0.53)

14.2

(0.83)

92.8

(0.62)

15.1

(0.86)

37.5

(1.16)

15.5

(0.81)

65.8

(1.47)

44.6 31.3

98.2 92.8

(0.33) (0.55)

0.6 0.7

(0.12) (0.09)

4.9 6.7

(0.32) (0.35)

91.4 84.9

(0.55) (0.66)

16.7 31.3

(0.51) (1.03)

22.6 13.8

(0.65) (0.66)

15.0 14.1

(0.67) (0.68)

57.5 56.7

(1.01) (1.20)

Level3 Elementary.................. 60,485 (249.8) Secondary................... 20,885 (189.9) Combined ................... 3,364 (154.0)

71.4 24.6 4.0

96.8 96.4 93.4

(0.27) (0.50) (1.15)

0.8 3.1 8.5

(0.14) (0.27) (2.07)

5.0 13.9 18.9

(0.27) (0.47) (1.67)

94.4 77.3 82.0

(0.44) (0.82) (2.30)

10.0 49.3 40.0

(0.49) (0.74) (2.47)

14.6 48.1 28.6

0.58 (0.82) (2.37)

10.9 25.5 19.7

(0.51) (0.65) (2.17)

59.2 59.1 61.1

(0.93) (0.96) (2.22)

Private total............ 27,223 (238.6)

100.0

80.7

(1.12)

0.6

(0.21)

0.8

(0.18)

91.6

(0.72)

4.8

(0.41)

4.8

(0.47)

8.1

(0.63)

23.6

(0.96)

School enrollment Under 300 ................... 21,890 (297.0) 300 to 499................... 3,288 (132.7) 500 to 999................... 1,752 (96.3) 1,000 or more ............. 293 (32.4)

80.4 12.1 6.4 1.1

78.2 92.8 89.1 81.7

(1.38) (0.96) (1.10) (4.67)

0.7 # # #

(0.27) (†) (†) (†)

0.8 # # #

(0.21) (†) (†) (†)

91.0 95.3 92.9 91.8

(0.90) (0.91) (1.33) (5.87)

4.2 4.3 12.4 6.2

(0.50) (0.73) (1.53) (1.42)

3.2 7.1 14.2 42.0

(0.56) (1.08) (1.30) (5.40)

6.4 12.8 17.0 31.1

(0.74) (1.52) (1.55) (5.94)

21.0 34.4 33.9 30.1

(1.16) (2.03) (2.03) (3.75)

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price school lunch Less than 15 ............... 25,898 (280.2) 15 to 29....................... 610 (92.9) 30 or more .................. 715 (117.7)

95.1 2.2 2.6

80.6 89.3 77.8

(1.16) (3.98) (7.57)

0.4 # 7.3

(0.12) (†) (5.53)

0.7 # 5.5

(0.18) (†) (2.60)

91.8 93.5 84.2

(0.73) (3.18) (7.36)

4.2 14.9 15.5

(0.40) (6.60) (5.57)

5.0 # 1.9

(0.49) (†) (1.13)

7.9 5.8 17.0

(0.67) (3.17) (4.04)

22.8 39.4 39.8

(0.92) (7.98) (7.05)

42.4

84.9

(1.80)

0.4

(0.40)

0.6

(0.25)

92.5

(1.04)

3.9

(0.47)

6.0

(0.68)

10.8

(0.95)

25.9

(1.62)

39.9 17.7

83.3 64.9

(1.63) (3.31)

0.9 #

(0.28) (†)

1.2 #

(0.38) (†)

93.6 85.1

(1.06) (2.20)

4.2 8.3

(0.61) (1.25)

3.7 4.3

(0.85) (1.29)

7.3 3.6

(0.95) (1.42)

21.3 23.3

(1.42) (2.48)

60.8 9.5 29.7

80.7 80.7 80.7

(1.70) (2.08) (2.11)

0.3 # 1.1

(0.31) (†) (0.37)

0.2 3.5 1.0

(0.11) (1.52) (0.32)

94.0 84.7 88.9

(1.13) (2.64) (1.48)

1.3 18.8 7.3

(0.35) (1.94) (1.01)

2.6 15.9 5.7

(0.57) (2.71) (0.89)

7.8 13.1 7.2

(0.82) (2.36) (1.01)

24.6 31.0 19.1

(1.19) (2.59) (1.72)

Community type Central city .................. 11,534 (241.4) Urban fringe/large town ...................... 10,860 (322.2) Rural/small town ......... 4,829 (256.2) Level3 Elementary.................. 16,562 (278.4) Secondary................... 2,583 (126.4) Combined ................... 8,078 (276.2)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 All students must pass through a metal detector each day. 2All or most students are required to stay on school grounds during lunch. 3 Elementary includes schools that have grade 6 or below, with no grade higher than 8; secondary schools have no grade lower than 7; and combined schools have grades lower than 7 and higher than 8.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; “Private School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; and “Charter School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared November 2002.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 239 Student Activities and Behavior _

Table 143. Number of students suspended and expelled from public elementary and secondary schools, by sex, percentage of enrollment, and state: 2000 Suspended students as a percent of enrollment

Students suspended1 State 1

Expelled students as a percent of enrollment

Students expelled

Total

Males

Females

Total

Male

Female

Total

Males

Females

Total

Male

Female

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

United States ......................

3,053,449

2,182,273

871,176

6.6

9.2

3.9

97,177

74,852

22,325

0.21

0.31

0.10

Alabama ...................................... Alaska.......................................... Arizona ........................................ Arkansas...................................... California .....................................

56,436 7,324 33,753 47,022 414,736

39,371 5,315 24,990 34,533 311,457

17,065 2,009 8,763 12,489 103,279

7.8 5.5 7.6 5.4 7.0

10.5 7.8 10.9 7.7 10.2

4.8 3.1 4.0 2.9 3.6

745 261 589 1,473 14,970

572 212 470 1,043 12,238

173 49 119 430 2,732

0.10 0.20 0.13 0.17 0.25

0.15 0.31 0.20 0.23 0.40

0.05 0.08 0.05 0.10 0.09

Colorado ...................................... Connecticut.................................. Delaware...................................... District of Columbia ..................... Florida..........................................

44,419 38,305 13,276 3,838 198,801

32,406 26,744 8,867 2,402 139,323

12,013 11,561 4,409 1,436 59,478

6.3 7.2 11.8 6.1 8.4

8.9 9.8 15.3 7.7 11.4

3.5 4.4 8.1 4.5 5.2

1,904 669 158 0 872

1,561 530 119 0 665

343 139 39 0 207

0.27 0.13 0.14 0.00 0.04

0.43 0.19 0.21 0.00 0.05

0.10 0.05 0.07 0.00 0.02

Georgia........................................ Hawaii .......................................... Idaho............................................ Illinois........................................... Indiana.........................................

104,216 7,327 8,144 89,559 87,535

73,429 4,961 6,124 62,295 62,935

30,787 2,366 2,020 27,264 24,600

7.4 4.0 3.4 4.4 8.8

10.2 5.3 4.9 6.0 12.3

4.4 2.7 1.7 2.8 5.1

2,519 4 308 1,919 7,792

1,999 4 248 1,467 5,601

520 0 60 452 2,191

0.18 0.00 0.13 0.10 0.78

0.28 0.00 0.20 0.14 1.10

0.08 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.45

Iowa ............................................. Kansas......................................... Kentucky ...................................... Louisiana ..................................... Maine...........................................

17,687 25,458 40,131 77,945 10,546

13,028 18,443 29,208 52,776 7,802

4,659 7,015 10,923 25,169 2,744

3.7 5.6 6.5 10.8 4.9

5.2 7.8 9.1 14.3 7.0

2.0 3.2 3.6 7.2 2.6

220 878 740 5,549 175

170 704 574 3,887 135

50 174 166 1,662 40

0.05 0.19 0.12 0.77 0.08

0.07 0.30 0.18 1.06 0.12

0.02 0.08 0.06 0.47 0.04

Maryland...................................... Massachusetts............................. Michigan ...................................... Minnesota .................................... Mississippi ...................................

50,128 51,662 124,394 44,642 51,141

34,555 36,615 88,103 33,437 35,766

15,573 15,047 36,291 11,205 15,375

6.0 5.4 7.3 5.3 10.3

8.0 7.5 10.0 7.7 14.2

3.8 3.3 4.4 2.7 6.4

815 777 2,780 644 1,605

607 633 2,066 421 1,248

208 144 714 223 357

0.10 0.08 0.16 0.08 0.32

0.14 0.13 0.23 0.10 0.49

0.05 0.03 0.09 0.05 0.15

Missouri ....................................... Montana....................................... Nebraska ..................................... Nevada ........................................ New Hampshire ...........................

55,889 6,189 11,188 16,378 12,407

40,747 4,493 7,949 11,713 8,940

15,142 1,696 3,239 4,665 3,467

6.3 4.0 4.0 4.9 5.7

9.0 5.6 5.5 6.8 8.0

3.5 2.3 2.4 2.9 3.2

795 208 553 777 180

591 143 425 598 156

204 65 128 179 24

0.09 0.13 0.20 0.23 0.08

0.13 0.18 0.30 0.35 0.14

0.05 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.02

New Jersey .................................. New Mexico ................................. New York...................................... North Carolina ............................. North Dakota ...............................

74,123 21,935 119,163 120,520 2,590

52,090 15,615 86,822 85,350 1,855

22,033 6,320 32,341 35,170 735

5.8 7.0 4.2 9.6 2.4

8.0 9.7 5.9 13.3 3.3

3.6 4.1 2.3 5.7 1.4

508 470 1,533 2,319 75

402 379 1,121 1,763 38

106 91 412 556 37

0.04 0.15 0.05 0.19 0.07

0.06 0.24 0.08 0.28 0.07

0.02 0.06 0.03 0.09 0.07

Ohio ............................................. Oklahoma .................................... Oregon......................................... Pennsylvania................................ Rhode Island ...............................

146,062 37,988 32,702 117,654 14,641

101,488 27,357 24,595 81,017 10,190

44,574 10,631 8,107 36,637 4,451

7.9 6.2 6.0 6.5 9.3

10.7 8.7 8.8 8.7 12.6

5.0 3.6 3.1 4.2 5.8

7,614 1,356 1,897 2,034 259

5,604 1,040 1,525 1,539 191

2,010 316 372 495 68

0.41 0.22 0.35 0.11 0.16

0.59 0.33 0.55 0.17 0.24

0.23 0.11 0.14 0.06 0.09

South Carolina............................. South Dakota ............................... Tennessee ................................... Texas ........................................... Utah .............................................

98,479 3,746 81,753 187,196 13,119

67,342 2,716 55,814 134,376 9,883

31,137 1,030 25,939 52,820 3,236

14.6 2.9 9.0 4.8 2.8

19.6 4.1 12.0 6.7 4.1

9.5 1.6 5.9 2.8 1.4

4,328 155 3,241 11,527 1,614

3,391 122 2,472 9,068 1,263

937 33 769 2,459 351

0.64 0.12 0.36 0.29 0.34

0.99 0.18 0.53 0.45 0.52

0.28 0.05 0.17 0.13 0.15

Vermont ....................................... Virginia......................................... Washington.................................. West Virginia................................ Wisconsin .................................... Wyoming......................................

5,254 88,494 62,012 44,531 26,615 4,398

3,835 62,115 47,257 30,712 19,928 3,190

1,419 26,379 14,755 13,819 6,687 1,208

4.9 7.8 6.2 5.2 9.5 4.9

7.0 10.6 9.2 7.0 13.7 6.9

2.7 4.8 3.1 3.4 4.9 2.8

128 1,734 3,671 1,288 402 145

108 1,381 2,932 993 313 119

20 353 739 295 89 26

0.12 0.15 0.37 0.15 0.14 0.16

0.20 0.24 0.57 0.23 0.22 0.26

0.04 0.06 0.15 0.07 0.07 0.06

1Student

can be suspended more than once during the same year. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights, OCR Elementary and Secondary School Survey: 2000. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

240 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Student Activities and Behavior

Table 144. Percentage of students in grades 9 through 12 who reported experience with drugs and violence on school property, by race/ethnicity, grade, and sex: Selected years, 1997 through 2003 2003 Race/ethnicity Type of violence or drug-related behavior

White, Black, Total non-Hispanic non-Hispanic

1997 total

1999 total

2001 total

2

3

4

5

6

1

Grade Hispanic

9

10

11

12

7

8

9

10

11

12

Felt too unsafe to go to school1 Total ............................. Male ............................. Female .........................

4.0 4.1 3.9

(0.6) (0.8) (0.7)

5.2 4.8 5.7

(1.3) (1.6) (1.5)

6.6 (0.51) 5.8 (0.56) 7.4 (0.66)

5.4 (0.41) 5.5 (0.51) 5.3 (0.51)

3.1 (0.31) 3.3 (0.36) 2.9 (0.41)

8.4 (0.61) 7.9 (1.12) 9.0 (0.66)

9.4 (0.77) 8.9 (1.07) 10.0 (1.22)

6.9 (0.61) 7.1 (0.87) 6.6 (0.71)

5.2 (0.56) 5.3 (0.56) 5.1 (0.87)

4.5 (0.51) 4.3 (0.61) 4.6 (0.71)

3.8 (0.56) 3.8 (0.77) 3.9 (0.66)

Carried a weapon on school property1,2 Total ............................. Male ............................. Female .........................

8.5 12.5 3.7

(1.5) (2.9) (0.7)

6.9 11.0 2.8

(1.2) (2.1) (0.7)

6.4 (0.51) 10.2 (0.87) 2.9 (0.26)

6.1 (0.56) 8.9 (0.77) 3.1 (0.51)

5.5 (0.56) 8.5 (0.82) 2.2 (0.66)

6.9 (0.97) 8.4 (1.28) 5.5 (1.12)

6.0 (0.56) 7.7 (1.02) 4.2 (0.71)

5.3 (1.12) 6.6 (0.82) 3.8 (1.53)

6.0 (0.51) 8.9 (0.87) 3.0 (0.51)

6.6 (0.82) 10.3 (1.48) 2.7 (0.61)

6.4 (0.66) 10.2 (1.02) 2.5 (0.51)

Threatened or injured with a weapon on school property3 Total ............................. Male ............................. Female .........................

7.4 10.2 4.0

(0.9) (1.4) (0.6)

7.7 9.5 5.8

(0.8) (1.6) (1.2)

8.9 (0.56) 11.5 (0.66) 6.5 (0.51)

9.2 (0.77) 11.6 (0.97) 6.5 (0.61)

7.8 (0.77) 9.6 (1.07) 5.8 (0.56)

10.9 (0.82) 14.3 (1.33) 7.5 (0.77)

9.4 (1.22) 11.9 (1.53) 6.9 (1.43)

12.1 (1.28) 15.4 (2.04) 8.3 (0.87)

9.2 (1.02) 11.3 (1.28) 7.0 (0.97)

7.3 (0.71) 9.2 (0.97) 5.4 (1.12)

6.3 (0.92) 8.5 (1.43) 3.9 (0.77)

Engaged in a physical fight on school property3 Total ............................. Male ............................. Female .........................

14.8 20.0 8.6

(1.3) (2.0) (1.5)

14.2 18.5 9.8

(1.3) (1.4) (1.9)

12.5 (0.51) 18.0 (0.77) 7.2 (0.46)

12.8 (0.77) 17.1 (0.92) 8.0 (0.71)

10.0 (0.71) 14.3 (0.82) 5.3 (0.92)

17.1 (1.28) 21.5 (1.68) 12.6 (1.43)

16.7 (1.12) 19.3 (1.48) 13.8 (1.63)

18.0 (1.22) 23.3 (1.58) 12.2 (1.17)

12.8 (0.92) 18.1 (1.33) 7.3 (0.77)

10.4 (0.92) 14.2 (1.38) 6.4 (0.87)

7.3 (0.71) 9.6 (1.07) 4.7 (0.82)

Property stolen or deliberately damaged on school property3 Total ............................. Male ............................. Female .........................

32.9 36.1 29.0

(2.6) (2.6) (3.7)

— — —

(†) (†) (†)

(†) (†) (†)

29.8 (0.71) 33.1 (0.87) 26.2 (0.82)

28.2 (0.71) 30.6 (1.02) 25.6 (0.87)

30.4 (1.48) 33.9 (1.73) 27.0 (2.09)

32.3 (1.17) 37.0 (1.63) 27.6 (1.33)

34.8 (1.53) 37.4 (1.84) 31.9 (1.63)

30.5 (1.12) 34.3 (1.22) 26.6 (1.53)

27.2 (1.07) 30.5 (1.38) 23.9 (1.38)

24.2 (1.07) 27.9 (1.58) 20.2 (1.58)

Cigarette use on school property1 Total ............................. Male ............................. Female .........................

14.6 15.9 13.0

(1.5) (1.7) (2.2)

14.0 14.8 13.2

(1.9) (2.0) (2.0)

9.9 (0.61) 11.3 (0.66) 8.5 (0.71)

8.0 (0.71) 8.2 (0.66) 7.6 (0.92)

8.9 (0.87) 8.2 (0.77) 9.6 (1.28)

5.9 (0.71) 8.4 (0.97) 3.5 (0.66)

6.0 (0.61) 6.2 (0.87) 5.8 (0.77)

7.5 (0.97) 7.3 (0.97) 7.7 (1.22)

7.7 (0.92) 7.5 (0.87) 8.0 (1.22)

8.2 (0.92) 8.1 (1.07) 8.4 (1.48)

8.3 (0.87) 10.5 (1.22) 5.9 (0.97)

Smokeless tobacco use on school property4 Total ............................. Male ............................. Female .........................

5.1 9.0 0.4

(1.4) (2.5) (0.2)

4.2 8.1 0.3

(1.8) (3.5) (0.2)

5.0 (0.61) 9.4 (1.17) 0.7 (0.15)

5.9 (1.53) 8.5 (1.48) 3.3 (1.68)

6.7 (2.14) 9.9 (2.09) 3.3 (2.35)

2.5 (0.51) 3.2 (0.82) 1.8 (0.51)

3.6 (1.38) 4.6 (1.89) 2.6 (0.97)

5.2 (1.48) 6.0 (1.33) 4.4 (1.73)

5.2 (1.63) 7.7 (1.68) 2.6 (0.36)

7.1 (3.62) 10.8 (5.51) 3.2 (1.63)

6.3 (3.21) 10.1 (5.15) 2.3 (1.17)

Alcohol use on school property1 Total ............................. Male ............................. Female .........................

5.6 7.2 3.6

(0.7) (1.3) (0.7)

4.9 6.1 3.6

(0.7) (1.1) (0.7)

4.9 (0.26) 6.1 (0.41) 3.8 (0.41)

5.2 (0.46) 6.0 (0.61) 4.2 (0.41)

3.9 (0.46) 4.5 (0.56) 3.2 (0.51)

5.8 (0.82) 7.9 (1.22) 3.8 (0.87)

7.6 (1.07) 7.4 (1.17) 7.9 (1.28)

5.1 (0.66) 5.1 (0.77) 5.2 (0.92)

5.6 (0.61) 6.1 (0.71) 5.0 (0.61)

5.0 (0.56) 6.4 (0.87) 3.5 (0.51)

4.5 (0.66) 6.5 (1.12) 2.6 (0.56)

Marijuana use on school property1 Total ............................. Male ............................. Female .........................

7.0 9.0 4.6

(1.0) (1.3) (1.1)

7.2 10.1 4.4

(1.4) (2.6) (0.8)

5.4 (0.36) 8.0 (0.56) 2.9 (0.31)

5.8 (0.66) 7.6 (0.87) 3.7 (0.46)

4.5 (0.66) 5.8 (0.82) 3.1 (0.56)

6.6 (0.87) 9.7 (1.12) 3.6 (0.92)

8.2 (0.71) 10.4 (1.07) 6.0 (0.71)

6.6 (1.02) 8.1 (1.12) 5.1 (1.02)

5.2 (0.71) 7.2 (1.12) 3.0 (0.56)

5.6 (0.71) 7.9 (1.12) 3.3 (0.56)

5.0 (0.77) 7.1 (1.02) 2.6 (0.66)

Offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property3 Total ............................. Male ............................. Female .........................

31.7 37.4 24.7

(1.8) (2.3) (2.4)

30.2 34.7 25.7

(2.4) (3.3) (2.4)

28.5 (1.02) 34.6 (1.22) 22.7 (1.02)

28.7 (1.94) 31.9 (2.09) 25.0 (1.94)

27.5 (2.70) 30.2 (2.81) 24.5 (2.70)

23.1 (1.43) 27.7 (1.28) 18.3 (1.94)

36.5 (1.94) 40.6 (2.45) 32.5 (1.94)

29.5 (2.40) 32.1 (2.35) 26.7 (1.63)

29.2 (2.04) 31.9 (2.30) 26.5 (2.40)

29.9 (2.35) 33.5 (2.35) 26.1 (2.70)

24.9 (2.24) 29.7 (2.65) 19.6 (2.30)

— — —

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1One or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey. 2 Such as a gun, knife, or club. 3One or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey. 4Used chewing tobacco or snuff one or more times during the 30 days preceding the survey.

NOTE: Totals include other racial/ethnic groups not shown separately. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC Surveillance Summaries, MMWR 47(SS-03), 51(SS-04), and 53(SS02). (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 241 Student Activities and Behavior

Table 145. Percentage of 12- to 17-year-olds reporting drug use during the past 30 days and past year, by drug used: Selected years, 1982 through 2003 Percent reporting drug use during past 30 days

Percent reporting drug use during past year

Illicit drug use Any1

Year 1

Marijuana

2

1982....................................

—

1985.................................... 1988....................................

Illicit drug use Cocaine

3 —

Alcohol

4 1.9

—

5 34.9

—

Any1

Cigarettes 6 (†)

7 —

(†)

Cocaine

8 17.7

—

Alcohol

9 3.7

—

Cigarettes

10 46.1

—

11

(†)

9.9

13.2

—

10.2

—

1.5

—

41.2

—

29.4

—

20.7

—

16.7

—

3.4

—

52.7

—

29.9

—

8.1

—

5.4

—

1.2

—

33.4

—

22.7

—

14.9

—

10.7

—

2.5

—

45.5

—

26.8

—

1990....................................

7.1

—

4.4

—

0.6

—

32.5

—

22.4

—

14.1

—

9.6

—

1.9

—

41.8

—

26.2

—

1993....................................

5.7

—

4.0

—

0.4

—

23.9

—

18.5

—

11.9

—

8.5

—

0.7

—

35.9

—

22.5

—

1994....................................

8.2

—

6.0

—

0.3

—

21.6

—

18.9

—

15.5

—

11.4

—

1.1

—

36.2

—

24.5

—

1995....................................

10.9

—

8.2

—

0.8

—

21.1

—

20.2

—

18.0

—

14.2

—

1.7

—

35.1

—

26.6

—

1996....................................

9.0

—

7.1

—

0.6

—

18.8

—

18.3

—

16.7

—

13.0

—

1.4

—

32.7

—

24.2

—

1997....................................

11.4

—

9.4

—

1.0

—

20.5

—

19.9

—

18.8

—

15.8

—

2.2

—

34.0

—

26.4

—

1998....................................

9.9

—

8.3

—

0.8

—

19.1

—

18.2

—

16.4

—

14.1

—

1.7

—

31.8

—

23.8

—

1999....................................

9.8 (0.23)

7.2 (0.20)

0.5 (0.06)

16.5 (0.30)

14.9 (0.31)

19.8 (0.32)

14.2 (0.29)

1.6 (0.10)

34.1 (0.41)

23.4

(0.37)

2000....................................

9.7 (0.24)

7.2 (0.21)

0.6 (0.07)

16.4 (0.29)

13.4 (0.28)

18.6 (0.31)

13.4 (0.27)

1.7 (0.12)

33.0 (0.39)

20.8

(0.34)

2001....................................

10.8 (0.26)

8.0 (0.24)

0.4 (0.06)

17.3 (0.33)

13.0 (0.28)

20.8 (0.36)

15.2 (0.32)

1.5 (0.10)

33.9 (0.39)

20.0

(0.35)

2002....................................

11.6 (0.29)

8.2 (0.24)

0.6 (0.07)

17.6 (0.32)

13.0 (0.30)

22.2 (0.38)

15.8 (0.32)

2.1 (0.13)

34.6 (0.42)

20.3

(0.35)

2003....................................

11.2 (0.27)

7.9 (0.24)

0.6 (0.06)

17.7 (0.33)

12.2 (0.29)

21.8 (0.36)

15.0 (0.31)

1.8 (0.11)

34.3 (0.42)

19.0

(0.36)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Includes other illegal drug use not shown separately. NOTE: Marijuana includes hashish usage for 1996 and later years. Due to changes in the survey instrument and administration and to improve comparability with new data, estimates for 1982 through 1993 have been adjusted and may differ from those reported in previous years. Data for 1999 have been revised from previously published figures. Data for

—

Marijuana

—

(†)

1999 and later years were gathered using Computer Assisted Interviewing (CAI) and may not be directly comparable to previous years. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, National Survey on Drug Use and Health (formerly called National Household Survey on Drug Abuse), 1982 through 2003. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

242 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Student Activities and Behavior _

Table 146. Percentage of high school seniors reporting drug use, by type of drug and frequency of use: Selected years, 1975 through 2004 Type of drug

Class of 1975

Class of 1980

Class of 1985

Class of 1989

Class of 1990

Class of 1991

Class of 1992

Class of 1993

Class of 1994

Class of 1995

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1

Percent reporting having ever used drugs Alcohol1 ..............................

90.4 (0.69)

93.2 (0.46)

92.2 (0.48)

90.7 (0.51)

89.5 (0.57)

88.0 (0.61)

87.5 (0.60)

80.0 (0.71)

80.4 (0.73)

80.7

(0.73)

Any illicit drug ..................... Marijuana only ................ Any illicit drug other than marijuana2 ................

55.2 (1.68) 19.0 (1.32)

65.4 (1.23) 26.7 (1.15)

60.6 (1.26) 20.9 (1.05)

50.9 (1.27) 19.5 (1.00)

47.9 (1.33) 18.5 (1.03)

44.1 (1.33) 17.2 (1.01)

40.7 (1.28) 15.6 (0.94)

42.9 (1.27) 16.2 (0.94)

45.6 (1.31) 18.0 (1.01)

48.4 20.3

(1.32) (1.06)

36.2 (1.33)

38.7 (1.04)

39.7 (1.04)

31.4 (0.96)

29.4 (0.99)

26.9 (0.97)

25.1 (0.93)

26.7 (0.93)

27.6 (0.97)

28.1

(0.97)

9.0 2.2 11.3 47.3 —

15.7 1.1 9.3 60.3 9.6

17.3 1.2 7.5 54.2 4.9

10.3 1.3 8.3 43.7 3.9

9.4 1.3 8.7 40.7 2.8

7.8 0.9 8.8 36.7 2.9

6.1 1.2 8.6 32.6 2.4

6.1 1.1 10.3 35.3 2.9

5.9 1.2 10.5 38.2 2.8

6.0 1.6 11.7 41.7 2.7

(0.48) (0.14) (0.64) (1.30) (0.18)

Use of selected drugs Cocaine........................... Heroin ............................. LSD................................. Marijuana/hashish........... PCP ................................

(0.73) (0.21) (0.81) (1.68) (†)

(0.72) (0.12) (0.57) (1.27) (0.33)

(0.74) (0.12) (0.52) (1.29) (0.24)

(0.59) (0.12) (0.53) (1.26) (0.21)

(0.59) (0.13) (0.57) (1.30) (0.19)

(0.55) (0.11) (0.58) (1.29) (0.19)

(0.47) (0.12) (0.56) (1.22) (0.17)

(0.47) (0.12) (0.59) (1.22) (0.19)

(0.47) (0.12) (0.62) (1.28) (0.19)

Percent reporting use of drugs in the past 12 months 1 ..............................

84.8 (0.84)

87.9 (0.59)

85.6 (0.63)

82.7 (0.67)

80.6 (0.73)

77.7 (0.78)

76.8 (0.77)

72.7 (0.80)

73.0 (0.82)

73.7

(0.81)

Any illicit drug ..................... Marijuana only ................ Any illicit drug other than marijuana2 ................

45.0 (1.64) 18.8 (1.29)

53.1 (1.26) 22.7 (1.06)

46.3 (1.26) 18.9 (0.99)

35.4 (1.18) 15.4 (0.89)

32.5 (1.21) 14.6 (0.91)

29.4 (1.19) 13.2 (0.88)

27.1 (1.13) 12.2 (0.83)

31.0 (1.16) 13.9 (0.87)

35.8 (1.23) 17.8 (0.98)

39.0 19.6

(1.26) (1.02)

26.2 (1.15)

30.4 (0.92)

27.4 (0.89)

20.0 (0.78)

17.9 (0.79)

16.2 (0.76)

14.9 (0.72)

17.1 (0.75)

18.0 (0.78)

19.4

(0.81)

5.6 1.0 7.2 40.0 —

12.3 0.5 6.5 48.8 4.4

13.1 0.6 4.4 40.6 2.9

6.5 0.6 4.9 29.6 2.4

5.3 0.5 5.4 27.0 1.2

3.5 0.4 5.2 23.9 1.4

3.1 0.6 5.6 21.9 1.4

3.3 0.5 6.8 26.0 1.4

3.6 0.6 6.9 30.7 1.6

4.0 1.1 8.4 34.7 1.8

(0.35) (0.10) (0.49) (1.23) (0.13)

Alcohol

Use of selected drugs Cocaine........................... Heroin ............................. LSD................................. Marijuana/hashish........... PCP ................................

(0.52) (0.13) (0.59) (1.61) (†)

(0.58) (0.07) (0.43) (1.27) (0.20)

(0.59) (0.07) (0.36) (1.24) (0.16)

(0.42) (0.07) (0.37) (1.13) (0.15)

(0.40) (0.07) (0.41) (1.15) (0.11)

(0.33) (0.06) (0.40) (1.11) (0.12)

(0.31) (0.08) (0.40) (1.05) (0.11)

(0.31) (0.07) (0.44) (1.10) (0.11)

(0.33) (0.08) (0.45) (1.19) (0.12)

Percent reporting use of drugs in the past 30 days 1 ..............................

68.2 (1.10)

72.0 (0.81)

65.9 (0.85)

60.0 (0.86)

57.1 (0.92)

54.0 (0.93)

51.3 (0.91)

48.6 (0.89)

50.1 (0.92)

51.3

(0.92)

Any illicit drug ..................... Marijuana only ................ Any illicit drug other than marijuana2 ................

30.7 (1.35) 15.3 (1.06)

37.2 (1.09) 18.8 (0.88)

29.7 (1.03) 14.8 (0.80)

19.7 (0.88) 10.6 (0.68)

17.2 (0.87) 9.2 (0.67)

16.4 (0.86) 9.3 (0.67)

14.4 (0.79) 8.1 (0.62)

18.3 (0.86) 10.4 (0.68)

21.9 (0.95) 13.1 (0.77)

23.8 13.8

(0.98) (0.79)

15.4 (0.80)

18.4 (0.66)

14.9 (0.60)

9.1 (0.48)

8.0 (0.47)

7.1 (0.45)

6.3 (0.41)

7.9 (0.45)

8.8 (0.49)

10.0

(0.52)

Use of selected drugs Cocaine........................... Heroin ............................. LSD................................. Marijuana/hashish........... PCP ................................

1.9 0.4 2.3 27.1 —

5.2 0.2 2.3 33.7 1.4

6.7 0.3 1.6 25.7 1.6

1.8 0.6 4.0 21.2 0.6

(0.19) (0.08) (0.28) (0.94) (0.08)

Alcohol

(0.25) (0.08) (0.28) (1.30) (†)

(0.31) (0.04) (0.21) (1.07) (0.11)

(0.35) (0.05) (0.18) (0.98) (0.12)

2.8 0.3 1.8 16.7 1.4

(0.23) (0.05) (0.18) (0.82) (0.11)

1.9 0.2 1.9 14.0 0.4

(0.20) (0.04) (0.20) (0.80) (0.06)

1.4 0.2 1.9 13.8 0.5

(0.17) (0.04) (0.20) (0.80) (0.07)

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1.3 0.3 2.0 11.9 0.6

(0.16) (0.05) (0.20) (0.73) (0.08)

1.3 0.2 2.4 15.5 1.0

(0.16) (0.04) (0.21) (0.81) (0.10)

1.5 0.3 2.6 19.0 0.7

(0.18) (0.05) (0.23) (0.90) (0.08)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 243 Student Activities and Behavior _

Table 146. Percentage of high school seniors reporting drug use, by type of drug and frequency of use: Selected years, 1975 through 2004—Continued Type of drug

Class of 1996

Class of 1997

Class of 1998

Class of 1999

Class of 2000

Class of 2001

Class of 2002

Class of 2003

Class of 2004

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

1

Percent reporting having ever used drugs Alcohol1 ..............................

79.2

(0.77)

81.7

(0.71)

81.4

(0.72)

80.0

(0.78)

80.3

(0.80)

79.7

(0.81)

78.4

(0.83)

76.6

(0.80)

76.8

(0.80)

Any illicit drug ..................... Marijuana only ................ Any illicit drug other than marijuana2 ................

50.8 22.3

(1.37) (1.14)

54.3 24.3

(1.31) (1.13)

54.1 24.7

(1.32) (1.14)

54.7 25.3

(1.40) (1.22)

54.0 25.0

(1.44) (1.25)

53.9 23.2

(1.44) (1.22)

53.0 23.5

(1.44) (1.22)

51.1 23.4

(1.35) (1.15)

51.1 22.4

(1.35) (1.13)

28.5

(1.01)

30.0

(0.99)

29.4

(0.99)

29.4

(1.05)

29.0

(1.08)

30.7

(1.09)

29.5

(1.08)

27.7

(0.99)

28.7

(1.00)

7.1 1.8 12.6 44.9 4.0

(0.53) (0.16) (0.69) (1.36) (0.23)

8.7 2.1 13.6 49.6 3.9

(0.57) (0.16) (0.69) (1.32) (0.22)

9.3 2.0 12.6 49.1 3.9

(0.59) (0.16) (0.67) (1.33) (0.22)

9.8 2.0 12.2 49.7 3.4

(0.63) (0.17) (0.70) (1.40) (0.22)

8.6 2.4 11.1 48.8 3.4

(0.62) (0.19) (0.69) (1.45) (0.23)

8.2 1.8 10.9 49.0 3.5

(0.60) (0.17) (0.69) (1.45) (0.23)

7.8 1.7 8.4 47.8 3.1

(0.59) (0.16) (0.61) (1.44) (0.22)

7.7 1.5 5.9 46.1 2.5

(0.55) (0.14) (0.49) (1.35) (0.18)

8.1 1.5 4.6 45.7 1.6

(0.56) (0.14) (0.43) (1.35) (0.15)

Use of selected drugs Cocaine........................... Heroin ............................. LSD................................. Marijuana/hashish........... PCP ................................

Percent reporting use of drugs in the past 12 months 1 ..............................

72.5

(0.85)

74.8

(0.80)

74.3

(0.81)

73.8

(0.86)

73.2

(0.89)

73.3

(0.89)

71.5

(0.91)

70.1

(0.86)

70.6

(0.86)

Any illicit drug ..................... Marijuana only ................ Any illicit drug other than marijuana2 ................

40.2 20.4

(1.31) (1.08)

42.4 21.7

(1.27) (1.06)

41.4 21.2

(1.28) (1.06)

42.1 21.4

(1.35) (1.12)

40.9 20.5

(1.39) (1.14)

41.4 19.8

(1.39) (1.12)

41.0 20.1

(1.38) (1.13)

39.3 19.5

(1.29) (1.05)

38.8 18.3

(1.29) (1.02)

19.8

(0.84)

20.7

(0.83)

20.2

(0.82)

20.7

(0.88)

20.4

(0.90)

21.6

(0.92)

20.9

(0.91)

19.8

(0.83)

20.5

(0.85)

4.9 1.0 8.8 35.8 2.6

(0.40) (0.10) (0.52) (1.28) (0.16)

5.5 1.2 8.4 38.5 2.3

(0.41) (0.11) (0.49) (1.25) (0.15)

5.7 1.0 7.6 37.5 2.1

(0.42) (0.10) (0.48) (1.25) (0.14)

6.2 1.1 8.1 37.8 1.8

(0.46) (0.11) (0.52) (1.33) (0.14)

5.0 1.5 6.6 36.5 2.3

(0.43) (0.13) (0.49) (1.36) (0.16)

4.8 0.9 6.6 37.0 1.8

(0.42) (0.10) (0.49) (1.36) (0.14)

5.0 1.0 3.5 36.2 1.1

(0.42) (0.11) (0.36) (1.35) (0.11)

4.8 0.8 1.9 34.9 1.3

(0.39) (0.09) (0.25) (1.26) (0.11)

5.3 0.9 2.2 34.3 0.7

(0.41) (0.10) (0.27) (1.25) (0.08)

Alcohol

Use of selected drugs Cocaine........................... Heroin ............................. LSD................................. Marijuana/hashish........... PCP ................................

Percent reporting use of drugs in the past 30 days 1 ..............................

50.8

(0.95)

52.7

(0.92)

52.0

(0.92)

51.0

(0.98)

50.0

(1.01)

49.8

(1.01)

48.6

(1.00)

47.5

(0.94)

48.0

(0.94)

Any illicit drug ..................... Marijuana only ................ Any illicit drug other than marijuana2 ................

24.6 15.1

(1.03) (0.85)

26.2 15.5

(1.01) (0.83)

25.6 14.9

(1.01) (0.82)

25.9 15.5

(1.07) (0.88)

24.9 14.5

(1.09) (0.89)

25.7 14.7

(1.10) (0.89)

25.4 14.1

(1.09) (0.87)

24.1 19.5

(1.01) (0.93)

23.4 18.3

(1.00) (0.91)

9.5

(0.53)

10.7

(0.53)

10.7

(0.54)

10.4

(0.56)

10.4

(0.58)

11.0

(0.59)

11.3

(0.60)

10.4

(0.54)

10.8

(0.55)

2.0 0.5 2.5 21.9 1.3

(0.21) (0.07) (0.23) (0.98) (0.12)

2.3 0.5 3.1 23.7 0.7

(0.22) (0.07) (0.25) (0.98) (0.08)

2.4 0.5 3.2 22.8 1.0

(0.22) (0.07) (0.26) (0.97) (0.10)

2.6 0.5 2.7 23.1 0.8

(0.24) (0.07) (0.25) (1.03) (0.09)

2.1 0.7 1.6 21.6 0.9

(0.23) (0.09) (0.20) (1.04) (0.10)

2.1 0.4 2.3 22.4 0.5

(0.23) (0.07) (0.24) (1.05) (0.08)

2.3 0.5 0.7 21.5 0.4

(0.24) (0.08) (0.13) (1.03) (0.07)

2.1 0.4 0.6 21.2 0.6

(0.21) (0.06) (0.11) (0.96) (0.08)

2.3 0.5 0.7 19.9 0.4

(0.22) (0.07) (0.12) (0.94) (0.06)

Alcohol

Use of selected drugs Cocaine........................... Heroin ............................. LSD................................. Marijuana/hashish........... PCP ................................

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Survey question changed in 1993; data are not comparable to figures for earlier years. 2Other illicit drugs include any use of LSD or other hallucinogens, crack or other cocaine, or heroin, or any use of other narcotics, amphetamines, barbiturates, or tranquilizers not under a doctor’s orders.

NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. Standard errors were calculated from formulas to perform trend anaysis over an interval greater than one year (for example, a comparison between 1975 and 1990). A revised questionnaire was used in 1982 and later years to reduce the inappropriate reporting of nonprescription stimulants. This slightly reduced the positive responses for some types of drug abuse. SOURCE: University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research, Monitoring the Future, various years. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

244 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education State Regulations _

eR e t a t Table S 147. Age range for compulsory school attendance, special education services, year-round schools, and kindergarten programs, by state: 1997, 2000, and 2002 Year-round schools, 2002

State

Compulsory attendance, 2000

Compulsory attendance, 2002

2

3

1

Provision of kindergarten education, 2002

Compulsory Has Has special education policy on districts with 1 services, 1997 year-round schools year-round schools 4

5

7 to 16

7 to 16

6 to 21

X

Alaska........................................

7 to 16

7 to 16

3 to 22

X

Arizona ......................................

2

6 to 16

2 6 to 16

3 to 22

—

Arkansas....................................

3

5 to 17

3

5 to 17

5 to 21

X

X

California ...................................

4

6 to 18

6 to 18

Birth to 21

X

X

3 to 21

—

—

Connecticut................................

7 to 16

5

7 to 18

5 to 16

7

Delaware....................................

7

District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

8

— 6

Half day

Full day

Attendance required

7

8

9

6

Alabama ....................................

Colorado ....................................

School districts required to offer

X X

5 to 16

3 to 20

5 to 18

—

—

6 to 16

8 6 to 16

—

X

6

6 to 16

6 to 16

6 to 18

6 to 18

Under 20

Idaho..........................................

7 to 16

7 to 16

3 to 21

— X

Under 21

Illinois.........................................

7 to 16

7 to 16

3 to 21

Indiana.......................................

7 to 16

7 to 16

3 to 22

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Iowa ...........................................

6 to 16

9

6 to 16

Under 21

Kansas.......................................

10

7 to 18

5

7 to 18

(11)

Kentucky ....................................

12

6 to 16

12

6 to 16

Under 21 3 to 21

X

X

—

Louisiana ...................................

7 to 17

7 to 17

Maine.........................................

7 to 17

7 to 17

13

5 to 19

X

—

X

X

Maryland....................................

5 to 16

5 to 16

Under 21

Massachusetts...........................

6 to 16

6 to 16

3 to 21

6 to 16

6 to 16

Under 26

X

X

X

7 to 18

7 to 16

Under 22

X

X

X

6 to 17

6 to 17

Birth to 20

X

7 to 16

7 to 16

Under 21

X

7 to 16

14 7 to 16

3 to 18

7 to 16

7 to 16

Birth to 21

Minnesota ..................................

5

Mississippi ................................. Missouri ..................................... Montana.....................................

14

Nebraska ...................................

7 to 17

7 to 17

Under 22

6 to 16

3 to 21

New Jersey ................................

6 to 16

6 to 16

5 to 21

—

X

New Mexico ...............................

5 to 18

5 to 18

(16)

X

X

6 to 16

6 to 16

Under 21

—

North Carolina ...........................

7 to 16

7 to 16

5 to 20

X

North Dakota .............................

7 to 16

7 to 16

Ohio ...........................................

6 to 18

6 to 18

Oklahoma ..................................

5 to 18

5 to 18

X

X

X

Oregon.......................................

7 to 18

Pennsylvania..............................

8 to 17

Rhode Island .............................

X X — — X

X

X 18

X

18

X

3 to 20

Under 22 20

X

X

6 to 16

19

—

X

15

New Hampshire .........................

17

X

X

Nevada ......................................

New York....................................

X

X

9

Michigan ....................................

X

X

X

—

Hawaii ........................................

— X

Under 21

Georgia......................................

X —

X

3 and up

X

X

7 to 18

3 to 21

X

X

8 to 17

6 to 21

X

X

6 to 16

6 to 16

3 to 21

South Carolina...........................

5 to 16

5 to 16

3 to 21

South Dakota .............................

6 to 16

6 to 16

Under 21

15

X

X

X

X

X X X

X X

15

Tennessee .................................

6 to 17

6 to 17

3 to 21

Texas .........................................

6 to 18

6 to 18

3 to 21

X

X

X

Utah ...........................................

6 to 18

6 to 18

3 to 22

X

X

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

X

X X

X X —

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 245 State Regulations

eR e t a t Table S 147. Age range for compulsory school attendance, special education services, year-round schools, and kindergarten programs, by state: 1997, 2000, and 2002—Continued Year-round schools, 2002

State

Compulsory attendance, 2000

1 Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................

Compulsory attendance, 2002

Has Has Compulsory policy on districts with special education 1 year-round schools year-round schools services, 1997

2

3

4

5

7 to 16

6 to 16

3 to 21

—

5 to 18 5

8 to 17

5 to 18 5

8 to 17

21

3 to 21

X

6 to 16

5 to 21

Wisconsin ..................................

6 to 18

6 to 18

Under 21

6 to 16

3 to 21

2

6 to 16

2

X State has program. —Not available. 1Most states have provision whereby education is provided up to a certain age or completion of secondary school, whichever comes first. 2 Ages 6 to 16 or 10th-grade completion. 3Must have turned 17 by October 1. 4At least 16 and have graduated high school or passed California High School Proficiency Exam (CHSPE) and obtained parental permission. 5 Eligible for waiver. 6Under 21 or until child graduates from high school. 7 Must have turned 5 by August 31. 8 Compulsory school age for all Manatee County students who attained the age of 16 on or after October 1, 1999, is 18, unless the student has earned a high school diploma prior to reaching the 18th birthday. 9 Must have turned 16 by September 15. 10Eligible for waiver at 16. 11 To be determined by rules and regulations adopted by the state board. 12 Must have turned 6 by October 1. 13Must be 5 before October 1, and not 20 before start of school year.

X

Half day

Full day

Attendance required

7

8

9

X X

6 to 16

School districts required to offer

6

2 to 21

West Virginia.............................. Wyoming....................................

Provision of kindergarten education, 2002

15

X X

X X

X X X

14Age

16 and completion of eighth grade. State requires either half-day or full-day program. 16School-age unless otherwise provided by law. 17Age 16 and completion of school year. 18 State requires both half-day and full-day program. 19Must not be 21 by September 1. 20Children from birth through age 2 are eligible for additional services. Eligibility for special education services ceases upon completion of a secondary education program; no age limit. 21 Student may complete school year if 21st birthday occurs while attending school. NOTE: The Education of the Handicapped Act (EHA) Amendments of 1986 make it mandatory for all states receiving EHA funds to serve all 3- to 18-year-old disabled children. SOURCE: Council of Chief State School Officers, Key State Education Policies on PK–12 Education: 2000 and 2002; Education Commission of the States, Clearinghouse Notes, August 1997; California Department of Education, Safe Schools and Violence Prevention Office, School Attendance Review Boards, Feb. 2001; School District of Manatee County Policy and Procedure Manual, Chapter 5 - Students, retrieved on May 4, 2005, from the School District of Manatee County (http://www.manatee.k12.fl.us/manatee/policy_procedure/ table_noframes.html). (This table was prepared May 2005.) 15

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Subject areas

State

English/ All language courses arts

1

Social studies

Mathematics

Science

Physical Health education

Arts/ Foreign vocation language

Minimum competency test is required Other courses to graduate

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

24

4

4

4

4

0.5

1

0.5

0

0.5 (computer application)

Alaska.....................

21

4

3

2

2

—

—

0

—

—

Arizona ...................

20

4

2.5

2

2

—

—

1

—

—

No —

Arkansas.................

21

4

3

3

3

0.5

0.5

0.5

0

—

No Social studies requirement consists of world history; U.S. history; civics/government. Science requirement includes 2 credits, including biology I and physical science. Math requirement includes algebra and geometry.

California ................

13

3

3

2

2

—

2

1

1

0.5 (economics)

Yes Physical education requirement consists of 2 years. Foreign language requirement consists of 1 year.

Alabama .................

12

Notes

2

13

Yes Math requirement includes algebra I and geometry. Science includes biology and physical science. No —

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Colorado1 ...............

†

†

†

†

†

—

—

†

—

—

No Math, science, English, social studies, arts, and total credits are determined locally.

Connecticut.............

20

4

3

3

2

—

1

1

—

—

Yes Health credits are required for graduation.

Delaware.................

22

4

3

3

3

0.5

1

0

0

1 (computer literacy) 3 (career pathway)

No Science requirement consists of 3 credits that meet state content standards. Math requirements consists of course offerings that meet state content standards.

District of Columbia

23.5

4

3.5

3

3

0.75

0.75

1

2

—

No Social studies requirement includes D.C. history and government; U.S. history; and U.S. government. Math requirement includes elementary algebra. 100 hours of community service are required for graduation.

Florida.....................

24

4

3

3

3

0.5

1

1

0

—

Yes Two of 3 science credits must have a laboratory requirement. Math requirement consists of algebra I or course equivalent. Health requirement consists of 0.5 credits of life management skills.

Georgia2,3 ...............

19

4

3

3

3

0.5

0.5

0

2

—

Yes Social studies requirement includes 1 unit of U.S. history, 0.5 unit of government, and 0.5 unit of economics. Language arts requirement include 0.5 units of American literature. Science requirement includes 1 life science and 1 physical science unit. Math requirement includes algebra I. Physical education requirement includes 0.5 credits of personal fitness. Language requirement includes 2 college prep. units. Preparatory diploma requirement includes 4 units of technology/career preparatory courses. No —

Hawaii .....................

22

4

4

3

3

0.5

1

0

—

—

Idaho4 .....................

42

8

5

4

4

0.5

4

2

0

1 (communications)

Illinois......................

10.25

3

2

2

1

0.5

4

1

0

—

Indiana4 ..................

24

8

4

4

4

1

1

0

0

2 (technology competency)

Yes Technology competency requirement includes 2 credits in computer applications: keyboarding, programming, computerized accounting, computer operations, graphics, processes, business technology labs, or others. Science requirement includes 4 credits minimum in 2 fields: life, physical, earth/space science. Health requirement includes 1 course. Physical education requirement includes 1 course. Attendance of 7 semesters (9–12) is required for graduation.

Iowa1.......................

1.5

†

1.5

†

†

†

†

0

4

—

No Math, science, English, and physical education requirements are determined locally. Health requirements are taught in grades 1–12.

Kansas....................

21

4

3

2

2

0.5

0.5

0

†

—

No Science requirement includes one laboratory course.

Kentucky .................

22

4

3

3

3

0.5

0.5

1

0

—

No English requirements include English I, II, III, and IV. Science requirement includes 1 credit each of life, physical, and earth/space science. Math requirement includes algebra I and geometry. An individual graduation plan is required.

Louisiana ................

24

4

3

3

3

0.5

1.5

0

—

—

Yes —

Maine......................

16

4

2

2

2

0.5

1

1

2

—

No —

See notes at end of table.

No Communications requirement includes 1 credit in speech or debate. Science requirement includes 2 semester credits in lab science; content to include applied, earth/space, physical, and life sciences. No Of the 2 math courses required, one may be in computer technology.

246 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education State Regulations

Table 148. State requirements for high school graduation, in Carnegie units: 2002

Table 148. State requirements for high school graduation, in Carnegie units: 2002—Continued Subject areas

State

English/ All language courses arts

1

Social studies

Mathematics

Science

Physical Health education

Arts/ Foreign vocation language

Minimum competency test is required to graduate Other courses 12

Notes

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Maryland.................

21

4

3

3

3

0.5

0.5

1

2

—

Yes Science requirement includes earth, life, or physical science with laboratory requirement. Math requirement includes 1 algebraic concepts and 1 geometric concepts course. Two advanced technology credits may fulfill the foreign language requirement. Community service is required for graduation.

Massachusetts1 ......

†

†

1

†

†

—

†

1

—

—

No Math, science, English, and total credit requirements are determined locally. Physical education credits are required for graduation.

Michigan1 ................

†

†

0.5

†

†

—

—

†

—

—

No Math, science, English, arts, and total credit requirements are determined locally. Social studies requirement consists of 0.5 civics credits.

Minnesota ...............

24

3

4

3

2

1

1

2

—

—

Mississippi ..............

20

4

3

3

3

1

—

1

—

(business technology)

Yes Social studies requirement includes world history, U.S. history, U.S. government, and Mississippi studies. Health requirements include comprehensive health. Science requirements include biology I. Math requirements include algebra I and geometry. Business technology requirements include keyboarding and computer applications.

Missouri ..................

22

3

2

2

2

—

1

1

0

—

No Social studies requirement includes American government: 0.5 credits in local, state, and federal government.

Montana..................

20

4

2

2

2

1

1

1

2

—

No —

Nebraska1 ...............

†

†

†

†

†

—

—

†

—

—

No Math, science, English, social studies, arts, and total credit requirements are determined locally. Yes —

Yes Total credit requirements include standards that are determined locally.

Nevada5 ..................

22.5

4

2

3

2

0.5

2

1

—

—

New Hampshire ......

19.75

4

2.5

2

2

0.25

1

0.5

—

0.5 (basic business and economics)

New Jersey .............

22

4

3

3

3

1.88

1.88

1

2

—

Yes —

New Mexico ............

23

4

3

3

2

—

—

0

—

—

Yes Science requirement includes one course with laboratory component.

New York.................

12

4

4

2

2

North Carolina2 .......

20

4

3

3

3

North Dakota1 .........

0

0

0

0

0

Ohio ........................

—

4

3

3

Oklahoma ...............

23

4

3

3

Oregon....................

22

3

3

Pennsylvania7 .........

—

—

—

Rhode Island2 .........

16

4

2

South Carolina2 ......

24

4

3

See notes at end of table.

—

No Basic business and economics requirements include 0.5 credits in basic business and economics education and 0.5 credits in computer education. Science requirement includes 1 physical science and 1 biological science course.

0

—

—

Yes —

1

—

—

—

Yes Science requirement includes a biology and physical science course. Math requirement includes algebra I.

—

—

0

—

—

No Math, science, English, social studies, arts, and total credit requirements are determined locally.

2

0.5

0.5

1

1

—

Yes American history and American government requirement includes 0.5 units of American history and 0.5 units of American government. Foreign language requirement includes 1 elective. Science requirement includes 1 unit of biological science and 1 unit of physical science.

3

—

—

2

—

—

No Social studies requirement includes U.S. history, U.S. government, and Oklahoma history. Science requirement includes biology and two higher level courses. Math requirement includes algebra I and two higher level courses.

2

2

—

—

1

—

—

No —

—

—

†

†

—

†

—

No Health, physical education, and foreign language requirements are determined locally.

2

2

†

†

0

0

—

No Science requirement includes 2 units of lab science for college-bound students. Health requirement includes a total of 100 minutes per week of health and physical education. Physical education requirement includes a total of 100 minutes per week of health and physical fitness.

4

3

1

1

0

1

—

Yes Physical education requirement includes 1 credit (college prep.). Foreign language requirement includes 1 credit (college prep.). Students must demonstrate computer literacy to graduate.

6

1

—

13

6

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 247 State Regulations

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Subject areas

State 1

English/ All language courses arts

Social studies

Mathematics

Science

Physical Health education

Arts/ Foreign vocation language

Minimum competency test is required to graduate Other courses

Notes

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

South Dakota..........

20

4

3

2

2

—

—

0.5

—

—

No English/language arts requirement includes writing, American literature, and speech. Social studies requirement includes U.S. history, U.S. government, and geography.

Tennessee ..............

20

4

3

3

3

1

†

0

2

—

Yes Science requirement includes biology. Math requirement includes algebra I. Health and physical education requirements are combined (lifetime wellness).

Texas ......................

22

4

2.5

3

2

0.5

0.5

0

0

(economics)

Yes English/language arts requirement includes English I, II, III. Social studies requirement includes U.S. history, world history, world geography, or government. Science requirement includes biology and integrated physics and chemistry and/or chemistry and physics. Math requirement includes algebra I and geometry.

Utah ........................

24

3

3

2

2

0.5

1.5

0

0

—

No Language arts requirement includes 1 credit of language arts 9, 1 credit of language arts 10, and 1 credit of language arts 11. Social studies requirement includes 0.5 credits of geography, 0.5 credits of world civilization, 1 credit of U.S. history, and 0.5 credits of U.S. government and citizenship. Science requirement includes any 2 units from 4 science courses: earth science, biology, chemistry, and physics. Math requirement includes either algebra I and geometry, or applied math 1 and applied math 2.

8

5

8

5

1

—

—

No —

2

1

0

—

Yes History and social studies requirement includes: U.S. and Virginia history and U.S. and Virginia government. Science requirement includes 3 credits in minimum of 2 fields: earth sciences, biology, chemistry, or physics. Math requirement includes 3 credits at or above algebra I.

†

2

1

—

—

No Health requirement includes 100 minutes per week (1–8).

1

1

1

—

—

No English requirement includes reading and language arts. Social studies requirement includes U.S. studies to 1900, world studies to 1900, and 20th/21st centuries studies. Science requirement includes coordinated and thematic science, grades 9 and 10. Math requirement includes algebra I and one course above. 4 career major courses and work-based learning are required for graduation.

2

0.5

1.5

—

0

—

No Some requirements are determined locally.

3

—

—

—

—

—

No Total credit requirements are determined locally.

Vermont ..................

12

4

3

Virginia....................

22

4

3

3

3

Washington.............

19

3

2.5

2

2

West Virginia...........

24

4

3

3

3

Wisconsin ...............

21.5

4

3

2

Wyoming.................

13

4

3

3

— 9

2

—

13

9

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Graduation requirements are determined locally. 2Data for College Preparatory Diploma. 3Career Preparatory Diploma also available. 4 Value is based on semester credits. 5Graduation requirements are currently being phased in by local school districts. However, as of yet, no statewide deadline exists dictating when this should occur. 6 State requirements are combined between health and physical education to equal 1 credit. 7State minimum credit requirements have been phased out in Pennsylvania. Each school district (including charter schools) shall specify requirements for graduation in a strategic plan requiring state approval. To graduate, students must demonstrate proficiency in reading, writing, and mathematics on either state or local assessments aligned with state guidelines.

8State

requirements are combined between mathematics and science to equal 5 credits. requirements are combined between health and physical education to equal 2 credits. NOTE: Local school districts frequently have other graduation requirements in addition to state requirements. English/language arts can include English, reading, literature, creative writing, etc. Mathematics can include basic math, algebra I and II, geometry, pre-calculus, calculus, statistics, etc. Social studies can include world history, U.S. history, geography, economics, government, etc. Science can include biology, chemistry, physics, anatomy, earth science, etc. Arts/vocation can include fine arts, practical arts, vocational, or career preparatory credits. Technology can include computer literacy, computer technology, technology competency, etc. The Carnegie unit is a standard of measurement that represents 1 credit for the completion of a 1-year course. SOURCE: Council of Chief State School Officers, Key State Education Policies on PK-12 Education: 2002. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

9State

248 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education State Regulations

Table 148. State requirements for high school graduation, in Carnegie units: 2002—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 249 State Regulations _

Table 149. States that use criterion-referenced assessments aligned to state standards, by subject area and level, and state: 2003–04 Aligned to state standards1 State

Test customdeveloped (CRT)

1

2

Alabama .................................... Alaska........................................ Arizona ...................................... Arkansas.................................... California ...................................

X X X X X

Colorado .................................... Connecticut................................ Delaware.................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

X X

Georgia...................................... Hawaii ........................................ Idaho.......................................... Illinois......................................... Indiana.......................................

X X X X

Iowa ........................................... Kansas....................................... Kentucky .................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine.........................................

X X X X

Maryland.................................... Massachusetts........................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi .................................

X X X X X

Missouri ..................................... Montana..................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire .........................

3

English/ language arts

Mathematics

Science

Social studies/history

4

5

6

7

8

X X X X X

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

HS

HS

HS

MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

MS HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES

ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

HS ES, MS ES, MS, HS

HS ES, MS, HS

HS

HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS

ES, HS ES, MS, HS

MS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS

MS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS HS

ES, MS, HS HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS ES, MS, HS ES, MS MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

X X

X

X X X

X X X

X

X X X

Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon....................................... Pennsylvania.............................. Rhode Island .............................

X X X X X

South Carolina........................... South Dakota ............................. Tennessee ................................. Texas ......................................... Utah ...........................................

X

X

X X X

X X X X

1

Off-the-shelf/norm Augmented or hybrid test referenced test (NRT)

X

New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York.................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota .............................

Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................ West Virginia.............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming....................................

Criterion-referenced assessments, by level and subject area

X X

X

X

X X X X X X X X

X

X

X X

X

X

X X X X

Custom-developed/criterion-referenced tests (CRTs) are explicitly designed to measure state content standards. NOTE: ES = elementary school, MS = middle school, and HS = high school.

ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS

SOURCE: Editorial Projects in Education (2004). Count Me In: Special Education in an Era of Standards. Education Week, 23(17). (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

250 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education State Regulations

Table 150. States using minimum-competency testing, by grade levels assessed, expected uses of standards, and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02

State or jurisdiction

Grade levels in which students are tested on at least one component

1

Expected uses Student diagnosis or placement1

Improvement of instruction1

Program evaluation1

Student promotion2 6

2

3

4

5

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

3–8, 10–12 3,4,6–10 2–10 4–12 4 2–12

X X

X X X X X

X X X X X

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. Florida................................. Georgia...............................

3–10 4,6,8,10 2–11 3–11 K-8,11,12

X X X X X

X X X X

Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................ Iowa ....................................

3,5,8,10 K-11 4,7 3–5, 7–11 3,6,8,10 4,8,11

X X X X

X X X X

Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine.................................. Maryland.............................

4–8,10,11 3–12 3–11 7 4,8,11 3,5–12

X

X X X X X

X X X X X

X X X X X

X X X X X

X X X X X

X X X X X

X X X X X

X X X X X

X X X X X

X X X X

X X X X X

7

X

X X X

X X

3–8,10 4.5,7,8,11 3–12 2–12 3–5,7–11

Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire .................. New Jersey .........................

4,8,11 4,8,11 3–5,8,10–12 3,6,10 4,8,11

New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ...................... Ohio ....................................

K,3–10 4,5,8–12 4 3–12 4,8,12 4,6,9

X X X X

Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ...................... South Carolina....................

3,5,8,10,11 3,5,8,10 5,6,8,9,11 3–5,7–11 7 1,3–12

X

South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah .................................... Vermont ..............................

2–6,8–11 3–12 3–12 4 1–12 2,4,5,8,10,11

X X X X

X X X X X

X X X X X

Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

3–6,8–12 4,7 2–11 7 1–12 3,4,8,10 7 4,8,10–12

X X X X

X X X X X

X X X X X

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ............ Puerto Rico..................... Virgin Islands ..................

4,6,8,10,12 — —

X — —

X — —

X — —

X

X X

—Not available. X State has program. 1 Testing program is for instructional purposes. 2Testing program is for the purpose of student accountability. 3 Testing program is for school accountability. 4Inclusion is voluntary for students, schools, or school districts for one or more grades.

Accreditation3

Other

10

11

7

8

9

X

X

X

X X X X X

X

X X X X

X X X X X

X

X X X X

X X

X

X

Public school performance reporting3

X

X

Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi .......................... Missouri ..............................

X X

X

High school exit School awards requirement or recognition3

(5,6)

( 6)

(5 ) X

X

X X X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X X X

X

X

X

( 5)

X X

X X X X X X

X X X

X X

X

X

X X X X X X

— —

X X X

X

— —

5Endorsed

— —

X X X X X

X

X X X X X

X

X X X X

(5,8) (5,6) ( 6)

(5,6) X

X X X X X

X

— —

— —

X

(5,8)

X

— —

diploma. Honors diploma. 7 A sample of students is tested for one or more grades. 8High school skills guarantee. SOURCE: Council of Chief State School Officers, Annual Survey of State Student Assessment Programs, Fall 2003. (This table was prepared April 2005.) 6

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 251 State Regulations _

Table 151. States requiring testing for initial certification of teachers, by skills or knowledge assessment and state: 2004 and 2005 Assessment for certification, 2004

State

Basic skills exam

Subjectmatter exam

Assessment for certification, 2005

General knowledge Knowledge of exam teaching exam

Basic skills exam

Subjectmatter exam

General knowledge Knowledge of exam exam teaching

2

3

5

6

7

8

10

11

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

X X

( 1)

( 1)

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X X )

X X

X X X

X X

X X

X X

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

X X X X

X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X X X X X

X X X

X

X X X

X X X

X X X X

X X X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X X

X

X

X

X X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X X X X X

X X X X X

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine.................................. Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi .......................... Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire .................. New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ...................... Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island14 ...................

X X

(2

X X X X

X

( 4)

( 4)

X X

X

( 3) ( 5) X

X

( 6) X

X

X X X

X X X

X X

X

X

9

Assessment of teaching performance

1

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

4

Assessment of teaching performance

X

X X X

( 3) X

X X

X ( 5) X X X X X

X

X ( 7) X

( 8) X

X

X X

( 5)

X

( 9)

X X X

X X

X

X ( 5) ( 5) X X X

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

X X (13)

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

X X ( 5) X X

X X

10)

X X X X X

X X

X

(

X X

X X

X

X

X

X X

X X X X X X X X X

(12) X

X X (11)

X X

X X

X X ( ) 14

X

X X X

X

X State requires testing. 1Institution’s exit exam. 2Subject-matter exam or completion of an approved subject-matter program. 3 All secondary endorsements require a Praxis II content-area test. 4 Early Childhood/Early Childhood Special Education Blended Certificate requires two Praxis II tests—Early Childhood and Early Childhood Special Education; Elementary Certificate requires two Praxis II tests—content and pedagogy; and Exceptional Child Certificate requires two Praxis II tests—basic skills for special education and specific special education area. 5For admission to teacher education program. 6Prior to student teaching. 7 Two-part exam covers communication and literacy skills and the subject-matter knowledge for the certificate.

X

8

X X

X X

X X

Elementary certificate exam (subject-area exam). no subject knowledge assessment is designated. elementary education. 11 For Oregon graduates. 12 Includes mathematics. 13Basic skills exams in reading, math, and writing are covered in the Praxis Pre-Professional Skills Test. 14 Level I license requirement. SOURCE: National Association of State Directors of Teacher Education and Certification, The NASDTEC Manual on the Preparation & Certification of Educational Personnel in the United States & Canada, 2004 and 2005. (This table was prepared August 2005.) 9If

10For

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

252 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

s e u n e v eR Table 152. Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source of funds: Selected years, 1919–20 through 2002–03 Percentage distribution

Total (in thousands)

Federal (in thousands)

Federal revenue per student

State (in thousands)

Local (including intermediate)1 (in thousands)

Total

Federal

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1919–20.............................. 1929–30.............................. 1939–40.............................. 1941–42.............................. 1943–44..............................

$970,121 2,088,557 2,260,527 2,416,580 2,604,322

$2,475 7,334 39,810 34,305 35,886

# # $2 1 2

$160,085 353,670 684,354 759,993 859,183

$807,561 1,727,553 1,536,363 1,622,281 1,709,253

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

0.3 0.4 1.8 1.4 1.4

16.5 16.9 30.3 31.4 33.0

83.2 82.7 68.0 67.1 65.6

1945–46.............................. 1947–48.............................. 1949–50.............................. 1951–52.............................. 1953–54..............................

3,059,845 4,311,534 5,437,044 6,423,816 7,866,852

41,378 120,270 155,848 227,711 355,237

2 5 6 9 12

1,062,057 1,676,362 2,165,689 2,478,596 2,944,103

1,956,409 2,514,902 3,115,507 3,717,507 4,567,512

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1.4 2.8 2.9 3.5 4.5

34.7 38.9 39.8 38.6 37.4

63.9 58.3 57.3 57.9 58.1

1955–56.............................. 1957–58.............................. 1959–60.............................. 1961–62.............................. 1963–64..............................

9,686,677 12,181,513 14,746,618 17,527,707 20,544,182

441,442 486,484 651,639 760,975 896,956

14 15 19 20 22

3,828,886 4,800,368 5,768,047 6,789,190 8,078,014

5,416,350 6,894,661 8,326,932 9,977,542 11,569,213

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

4.6 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.4

39.5 39.4 39.1 38.7 39.3

55.9 56.6 56.5 56.9 56.3

1965–66.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70.............................. 1970–71.............................. 1971–72..............................

25,356,858 31,903,064 40,266,923 44,511,292 50,003,645

1,996,954 2,806,469 3,219,557 3,753,461 4,467,969

47 64 71 82 97

9,920,219 12,275,536 16,062,776 17,409,086 19,133,256

13,439,686 16,821,063 20,984,589 23,348,745 26,402,420

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

7.9 8.8 8.0 8.4 8.9

39.1 38.5 39.9 39.1 38.3

53.0 52.7 52.1 52.5 52.8

1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75.............................. 1975–76.............................. 1976–77..............................

52,117,930 58,230,892 64,445,239 71,206,073 75,332,532

4,525,000 4,930,351 5,811,595 6,318,345 6,629,498

99 108 129 141 150

20,699,752 24,113,409 27,060,563 31,602,885 32,526,018

26,893,180 29,187,132 31,573,079 33,284,840 36,177,019

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

8.7 8.5 9.0 8.9 8.8

39.7 41.4 42.0 44.4 43.2

51.6 50.1 49.0 46.7 48.0

1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80.............................. 1980–81.............................. 1981–82..............................

81,443,160 87,994,143 96,881,165 105,949,087 110,191,257

7,694,194 8,600,116 9,503,537 9,768,262 8,186,466

177 202 228 239 204

35,013,266 40,132,136 45,348,814 50,182,659 52,436,435

38,735,700 39,261,891 42,028,813 45,998,166 49,568,356

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

9.4 9.8 9.8 9.2 7.4

43.0 45.6 46.8 47.4 47.6

47.6 44.6 43.4 43.4 45.0

1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85.............................. 1985–86.............................. 1986–87..............................

117,497,502 126,055,419 137,294,678 149,127,779 158,523,693

8,339,990 8,576,547 9,105,569 9,975,622 10,146,013

211 218 232 253 255

56,282,157 60,232,981 67,168,684 73,619,575 78,830,437

52,875,354 57,245,892 61,020,425 65,532,582 69,547,243

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

7.1 6.8 6.6 6.7 6.4

47.9 47.8 48.9 49.4 49.7

45.0 45.4 44.4 43.9 43.9

1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90.............................. 1990–91.............................. 1991–92..............................

169,561,974 192,016,374 208,547,573 223,340,537 234,581,384

10,716,687 11,902,001 12,700,784 13,776,066 15,493,330

268 296 313 334 368

84,004,415 91,768,911 98,238,633 105,324,533 108,783,449

74,840,873 88,345,462 97,608,157 104,239,939 110,304,605

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

6.3 6.2 6.1 6.2 6.6

49.5 47.8 47.1 47.2 46.4

44.1 46.0 46.8 46.7 47.0

1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95.............................. 1995–96.............................. 1996–97..............................

247,626,168 260,159,468 273,149,449 287,702,844 305,065,192

17,261,252 18,341,483 18,582,157 19,104,019 20,081,287

403 422 421 426 440

113,403,436 117,474,209 127,729,576 136,670,754 146,435,584

116,961,481 124,343,776 126,837,717 131,928,071 138,548,321

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

7.0 7.1 6.8 6.6 6.6

45.8 45.2 46.8 47.5 48.0

47.2 47.8 46.4 45.9 45.4

1997–98.............................. 1998–99.............................. 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–022 ............................ 2002–03..............................

325,925,708 347,377,993 372,943,802 401,355,325 419,501,976 440,157,299

22,201,965 24,521,817 27,097,866 29,100,183 33,144,633 37,515,909

481 527 578 616 695 779

157,645,372 169,298,232 184,613,352 199,583,097 206,541,793 214,277,407

146,078,370 153,557,944 161,232,584 172,672,045 179,815,551 188,363,983

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

6.8 7.1 7.3 7.3 7.9 8.5

48.4 48.7 49.5 49.7 49.2 48.7

44.8 44.2 43.2 43.0 42.9 42.8

School year 1

#Rounds to zero. 1 Includes a relatively small amount from nongovernmental private sources (gifts and tuition and transportation fees from patrons). These sources accounted for 2.3 percent of total revenues in 2002–03. 2 Revised from previously published figures. NOTE: Beginning in 1980–81, revenues for state education agencies are excluded. Beginning in 1988–89, data reflect new survey collection procedures and may not be entirely comparable with figures for earlier years. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

State

Local (including intermediate)1

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1955–56; Statistics of State School Systems, 1957–58 through 1969–70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970–71 through 1986–87; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1987–88 through 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 253 Revenues and Expenditures

Table 153. Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03 Federal State or jurisdiction 1

Total Amount (in thousands) (in thousands)

State

Per student

Percent Amount of total (in thousands)

Private1

Local and intermediate Percent Amount of total (in thousands)

Percent Amount of total (in thousands)

Percent of total

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States .............

$440,157,299

$37,515,909

$779

8.5

$214,277,407

48.7

$178,091,027

40.5

$10,272,956

2.3

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

5,153,795 1,468,276 7,351,310 3,266,318 57,021,363

595,456 260,064 839,278 382,871 5,629,649

805 1,936 895 849 886

11.6 17.7 11.4 11.7 9.9

2,966,979 834,259 3,555,570 1,804,362 33,561,358

57.6 56.8 48.4 55.2 58.9

1,326,004 341,859 2,724,540 940,009 17,264,265

25.7 23.3 37.1 28.8 30.3

265,356 32,093 231,923 139,076 566,092

5.1 2.2 3.2 4.3 1.0

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

6,299,536 7,087,302 1,197,512 1,114,021 18,984,106

409,359 369,444 102,929 153,246 1,999,264

544 648 885 2,012 787

6.5 5.2 8.6 13.8 10.5

2,715,206 2,652,212 759,290 † 8,285,654

43.1 37.4 63.4 † 43.6

2,921,298 3,955,348 320,385 952,265 7,958,615

46.4 55.8 26.8 85.5 41.9

253,673 110,298 14,907 8,511 740,573

4.0 1.6 1.2 0.8 3.9

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

13,448,966 2,078,876 1,698,503 19,154,705 7,926,062

1,083,873 170,377 166,626 1,618,737 605,523

725 927 670 777 603

8.1 8.2 9.8 8.5 7.6

6,489,049 1,873,316 1,003,508 6,327,132 4,663,625

48.2 90.1 59.1 33.0 58.8

5,649,478 15,681 500,910 10,807,708 2,387,990

42.0 0.8 29.5 56.4 30.1

226,566 19,502 27,460 401,128 268,924

1.7 0.9 1.6 2.1 3.4

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

4,241,508 4,071,712 4,764,253 5,549,582 2,161,238

315,454 370,506 504,713 732,835 193,403

654 787 764 1,003 946

7.4 9.1 10.6 13.2 8.9

1,974,707 2,326,819 2,799,254 2,723,938 927,774

46.6 57.1 58.8 49.1 42.9

1,734,159 1,269,069 1,358,009 2,031,773 999,641

40.9 31.2 28.5 36.6 46.3

217,187 105,317 102,277 61,037 40,420

5.1 2.6 2.1 1.1 1.9

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

8,668,097 11,801,318 17,954,395 8,349,227 3,263,897

582,440 705,875 1,407,777 494,757 502,816

672 718 789 584 1,021

6.7 6.0 7.8 5.9 15.4

3,317,559 4,827,630 11,358,303 6,165,549 1,754,445

38.3 40.9 63.3 73.8 53.8

4,508,430 6,091,947 4,782,850 1,426,647 908,159

52.0 51.6 26.6 17.1 27.8

259,667 175,867 405,464 262,274 98,476

3.0 1.5 2.3 3.1 3.0

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

7,662,199 1,204,497 2,550,525 2,784,681 1,957,267

616,043 174,685 225,769 196,258 101,904

680 1,165 791 531 491

8.0 14.5 8.9 7.0 5.2

2,743,289 558,114 877,657 840,435 957,850

35.8 46.3 34.4 30.2 48.9

4,005,033 422,865 1,319,520 1,646,777 853,865

52.3 35.1 51.7 59.1 43.6

297,833 48,833 127,579 101,210 43,649

3.9 4.1 5.0 3.6 2.2

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

18,905,028 2,685,725 37,894,517 9,379,577 825,135

805,498 402,471 2,645,471 899,045 126,029

589 1,257 916 673 1,209

4.3 15.0 7.0 9.6 15.3

8,230,289 1,936,713 17,267,655 5,975,983 303,925

43.5 72.1 45.6 63.7 36.8

9,464,543 297,040 17,663,906 2,268,536 353,481

50.1 11.1 46.6 24.2 42.8

404,698 49,501 317,484 236,014 41,700

2.1 1.8 0.8 2.5 5.1

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

18,143,062 4,161,621 4,599,717 18,751,160 1,744,838

1,166,816 528,646 416,281 1,453,198 113,611

635 846 751 800 714

6.4 12.7 9.1 7.7 6.5

8,132,703 2,277,241 2,342,430 6,867,531 733,211

44.8 54.7 50.9 36.6 42.0

8,212,728 1,149,332 1,711,109 10,076,486 875,428

45.3 27.6 37.2 53.7 50.2

630,815 206,402 129,897 353,945 22,588

3.5 5.0 2.8 1.9 1.3

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

5,732,697 963,997 6,114,870 34,605,869 2,912,991

563,752 151,235 613,615 3,417,588 269,728

812 1,163 662 802 551

9.8 15.7 10.0 9.9 9.3

2,757,948 325,091 2,680,969 14,146,697 1,643,684

48.1 33.7 43.8 40.9 56.4

2,200,380 457,932 2,419,001 16,269,993 940,094

38.4 47.5 39.6 47.0 32.3

210,617 29,738 401,284 771,591 59,486

3.7 3.1 6.6 2.2 2.0

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

1,149,920 10,283,182 8,696,472 2,552,446 8,858,181 961,248

80,022 678,459 779,564 271,770 536,643 84,536

800 576 768 962 609 959

7.0 6.6 9.0 10.6 6.1 8.8

779,215 4,072,761 5,373,852 1,568,125 4,727,338 489,201

67.8 39.6 61.8 61.4 53.4 50.9

272,841 5,330,297 2,262,619 685,820 3,380,439 373,920

23.7 51.8 26.0 26.9 38.2 38.9

17,842 201,665 280,437 26,731 213,762 13,590

1.6 2.0 3.2 1.0 2.4 1.4

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ............ Guam .............................. Northern Marianas.......... Puerto Rico..................... Virgin Islands ..................

68,812 — 60,712 2,619,532 177,087

53,676 — 23,183 802,703 37,119

3,358 — 2,060 1,346 2,025

78.0 — 38.2 30.6 21.0

12,591 — 37,230 1,816,733 0

18.3 — 61.3 69.4 0.0

2,447 — 282 13 139,757

3.6 — 0.5 # 78.9

98 — 17 82 212

0.1 — 0.0 # 0.1

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1Includes revenues from gifts, and tuition and fees from patrons.

NOTE: Excludes revenues for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

254 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

Table 154. Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02 Federal State or jurisdiction 1

Total Amount (in thousands) (in thousands)

State Per student

Percent Amount of total (in thousands)

Private1

Local and intermediate Percent Amount of total (in thousands)

Percent Amount of total (in thousands)

Percent of total

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States .............

$419,501,976

$33,144,633

$695

7.9

$206,541,793

49.2

$170,020,510

40.5

$9,795,041

2.3

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

5,127,807 1,439,901 6,652,739 3,199,082 52,252,109

531,245 241,877 666,407 343,440 4,842,635

721 1,800 723 764 775

10.4 16.8 10.0 10.7 9.3

3,010,987 814,666 3,136,959 1,776,667 31,038,376

58.7 56.6 47.2 55.5 59.4

1,327,216 347,940 2,622,722 943,012 15,817,785

25.9 24.2 39.4 29.5 30.3

258,358 35,419 226,650 135,964 553,313

5.0 2.5 3.4 4.3 1.1

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

5,829,260 6,755,231 1,137,262 1,087,022 17,949,046

347,131 311,511 97,724 141,514 1,799,515

468 546 846 1,877 720

6.0 4.6 8.6 13.0 10.0

2,460,295 2,885,921 731,364 † 8,137,044

42.2 42.7 64.3 † 45.3

2,771,387 3,453,962 293,236 936,965 7,306,753

47.5 51.1 25.8 86.2 40.7

250,448 103,837 14,938 8,543 705,734

4.3 1.5 1.3 0.8 3.9

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

12,971,001 1,890,806 1,647,541 18,659,229 8,937,236

931,496 171,357 144,924 1,440,383 542,646

633 929 588 695 545

7.2 9.1 8.8 7.7 6.1

6,376,438 1,684,227 1,006,475 6,319,443 4,544,604

49.2 89.1 61.1 33.9 50.9

5,455,176 15,119 468,953 10,514,481 3,588,686

42.1 0.8 28.5 56.4 40.2

207,891 20,103 27,188 384,922 261,300

1.6 1.1 1.7 2.1 2.9

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

4,069,223 3,863,343 4,650,146 5,304,970 2,049,078

285,859 307,494 489,988 664,028 167,102

588 654 749 908 813

7.0 8.0 10.5 12.5 8.2

1,951,679 2,259,007 2,772,395 2,608,474 905,441

48.0 58.5 59.6 49.2 44.2

1,620,340 1,195,317 1,298,056 1,971,618 938,280

39.8 30.9 27.9 37.2 45.8

211,345 101,524 89,707 60,850 38,255

5.2 2.6 1.9 1.1 1.9

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

8,406,316 11,014,705 17,534,105 7,967,380 3,031,118

541,344 602,209 1,280,080 437,270 455,504

629 619 740 514 923

6.4 5.5 7.3 5.5 15.0

3,125,033 4,755,025 11,322,159 4,894,185 1,639,822

37.2 43.2 64.6 61.4 54.1

4,481,340 5,477,721 4,562,840 2,385,793 841,444

53.3 49.7 26.0 29.9 27.8

258,598 179,750 369,025 250,132 94,347

3.1 1.6 2.1 3.1 3.1

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

7,517,417 1,168,265 2,473,075 2,611,111 1,820,834

570,165 154,529 193,716 158,584 85,931

627 1,017 679 444 415

7.6 13.2 7.8 6.1 4.7

2,726,148 559,440 879,002 822,786 943,938

36.3 47.9 35.5 31.5 51.8

3,935,515 403,259 1,276,884 1,531,730 748,577

52.4 34.5 51.6 58.7 41.1

285,589 51,037 123,473 98,012 42,388

3.8 4.4 5.0 3.8 2.3

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

17,306,723 2,613,620 35,626,450 9,314,285 794,027

729,208 371,406 2,260,252 787,728 111,058

544 1,160 787 599 1,047

4.2 14.2 6.3 8.5 14.0

7,418,667 1,880,568 17,160,040 6,005,424 303,151

42.9 72.0 48.2 64.5 38.2

8,804,723 309,787 15,895,190 2,284,837 337,711

50.9 11.9 44.6 24.5 42.5

354,124 51,859 310,968 236,296 42,107

2.0 2.0 0.9 2.5 5.3

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

17,643,929 4,133,041 4,758,589 17,882,681 1,650,094

1,047,517 490,293 395,199 1,256,061 101,766

572 788 717 690 644

5.9 11.9 8.3 7.0 6.2

8,041,328 2,342,385 2,662,316 6,756,469 694,244

45.6 56.7 55.9 37.8 42.1

7,939,585 1,098,593 1,584,443 9,515,502 831,503

45.0 26.6 33.3 53.2 50.4

615,500 201,770 116,631 354,649 22,582

3.5 4.9 2.5 2.0 1.4

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

5,622,818 922,410 5,913,922 32,281,850 2,899,722

511,674 129,955 559,413 3,008,107 239,381

757 1,019 605 723 494

9.1 14.1 9.5 9.3 8.3

2,868,955 335,558 2,581,100 13,186,488 1,711,212

51.0 36.4 43.6 40.8 59.0

2,041,158 429,528 2,491,005 15,357,619 885,589

36.3 46.6 42.1 47.6 30.5

201,031 27,369 282,403 729,636 63,540

3.6 3.0 4.8 2.3 2.2

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

1,102,275 9,719,262 8,382,517 2,471,393 8,537,996 908,015

68,913 608,975 710,529 259,925 473,916 75,748

681 524 704 919 539 860

6.3 6.3 8.5 10.5 5.6 8.3

766,197 3,973,610 5,233,731 1,506,177 4,582,657 443,516

69.5 40.9 62.4 60.9 53.7 48.8

249,799 4,931,599 2,169,795 676,575 3,278,976 374,887

22.7 50.7 25.9 27.4 38.4 41.3

17,366 205,078 268,462 28,716 202,447 13,864

1.6 2.1 3.2 1.2 2.4 1.5

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ............ Guam .............................. Northern Marianas.......... Puerto Rico..................... Virgin Islands ..................

60,554 — 55,154 2,420,184 167,005

46,126 — 17,871 719,527 33,443

2,902 — 1,705 1,191 1,781

76.2 — 32.4 29.7 20.0

11,925 — 37,230 1,700,497 0

19.7 — 67.5 70.3 0.0

2,411 — 0 21 133,446

4.0 — 0.0 # 79.9

91 — 53 139 116

0.2 — 0.1 # 0.1

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1Includes revenues from gifts, and tuition and fees from patrons.

NOTE: Excludes revenues for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 2001–02. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 255 Revenues and Expenditures

Table 155. Funds and staff for state education agencies, by source of funding and state: 1992–93 Funds retained for state administration, by source (in thousands)

State 1

Federal Total (core activities)1

Percent federal

State and local

Total state administration funds per student

State education agency (FTE) staff, by source of funds for position Federally supported Total FTE staff (core activities)1

State and local supported

Students per state FTE staff

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

United States2 .................

$1,966,453

$526,847

26.8

$1,439,606

$46

28,626

7,054

21,572

1,496

Alabama ................................... Alaska....................................... Arizona ..................................... Arkansas................................... California ..................................

52,111 38,461 19,315 17,561 148,989

13,007 5,046 7,460 4,204 52,316

25.0 13.1 38.6 23.9 35.1

39,103 33,414 11,856 13,356 96,673

71 314 29 40 28

1,006 503 362 290 1,898

127 44 175 74 419

879 460 187 216 1,479

727 244 1,862 1,522 2,768

Colorado ................................... Connecticut............................... Delaware................................... District of Columbia .................. Florida.......................................

21,361 139,733 10,949

5,991 11,433 2,578

28.0 8.2 23.5

15,370 128,300 8,371

35 286 105

223 2,005 128

90 196 44

133 1,809 84

2,750 244 817

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

56,310

25,470

45.2

30,840

28

688

323

366

2,878

Georgia..................................... Hawaii ....................................... Idaho......................................... Illinois........................................ Indiana......................................

58,632

9,918

16.9

48,714

49

935

147

788

1,291

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

7,346 42,854 29,220

2,938 22,092 7,339

40.0 51.6 25.1

4,408 20,762 21,880

32 23 30

104 746 309

45 317 132

59 429 177

2,224 2,511 3,109

Iowa .......................................... Kansas...................................... Kentucky ................................... Louisiana .................................. Maine3 ......................................

20,589 12,701 49,745 35,978 17,356

9,582 5,422 6,202 13,015 4,248

46.5 42.7 12.5 36.2 24.5

11,007 7,279 43,542 22,963 13,109

42 28 76 45 80

226 199 859 573 207

106 83 105 254 90

120 116 754 320 117

2,192 2,269 763 1,393 1,046

Maryland................................... Massachusetts.......................... Michigan ................................... Minnesota ................................. Mississippi ................................

42,343 30,191 53,743 23,730 40,892

8,737 13,557 15,656 9,072 5,703

20.6 44.9 29.1 38.2 13.9

33,606 16,633 38,088 14,658 35,190

56 35 34 30 81

556 368 844 416 724

126 173 256 129 144

430 195 588 287 580

1,351 2,337 1,899 1,908 700

Missouri .................................... Montana.................................... Nebraska .................................. Nevada ..................................... New Hampshire ........................

42,860 8,070 20,624 5,305 7,889

8,708 3,490 5,018 2,643 2,662

20.3 43.2 24.3 49.8 33.7

34,152 4,581 15,607 2,662 5,226

50 50 73 24 44

1,448 137 398 90 157

132 52 75 47 60

1,317 85 323 42 97

593 1,168 710 2,491 1,154

New Jersey ............................... New Mexico .............................. New York................................... North Carolina .......................... North Dakota ............................

65,111 10,398 181,649 49,298 5,683

25,857 3,753 47,866 13,990 3,187

39.7 36.1 26.4 28.4 56.1

39,254 6,645 133,783 35,308 2,496

58 33 68 44 48

1,001 216 2,565 796 93

326 67 567 144 52

675 149 1,998 652 41

1,129 1,461 1,049 1,399 1,277

Ohio .......................................... Oklahoma ................................. Oregon...................................... Pennsylvania............................. Rhode Island ............................

32,879 32,178 61,178 72,979 13,705

14,741 8,347 15,822 19,746 4,347

44.8 25.9 25.9 27.1 31.7

18,139 23,831 45,357 53,233 9,358

18 54 120 42 95

511 499 418 1,134 152

242 98 58 237 59

269 401 360 897 93

3,513 1,196 1,221 1,515 948

South Carolina.......................... South Dakota ............................ Tennessee ................................ Texas ........................................ Utah ..........................................

87,109 7,419 36,778 59,560 25,763

9,130 3,988 10,525 18,321 6,092

10.5 53.8 28.6 30.8 23.6

77,979 3,430 26,253 41,238 19,671

136 55 43 17 56

946 102 456 1,013 364

105 42 100 358 62

841 60 356 654 302

677 1,324 1,876 3,498 1,273

Vermont .................................... Virginia...................................... Washington............................... West Virginia............................. Wisconsin ................................. Wyoming...................................

7,348 29,236 19,472 21,188 87,883 4,782

2,672 9,830 6,843 5,069 11,377 1,837

36.4 33.6 35.1 23.9 12.9 38.4

4,675 19,406 12,629 16,119 76,506 2,945

75 28 22 67 106 48

143 371 253 403 692 100

65 102 88 113 179 25

78 270 165 289 512 75

689 2,781 3,542 790 1,199 1,003

†Not applicable. 1 Core education activities include: Chapter 1; Chapter 2; Special Education; Child Nutrition; Vocational Education; Adult Education; AIDS Education; Civil Rights Act; and Homeless Education Programs. 2 Excludes District of Columbia and Hawaii. 3Excludes State Teacher Retirement Program.

NOTE: Excludes funds for schools and school districts. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. FTE = full-time-equivalent. SOURCE: U.S. General Accounting Office, Education Finance, Extent of Federal Funding in State Education Agencies; and U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary/Secondary Education,” 1992–93. (This table was prepared September 1996.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

256 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

Table 156. Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose: Selected years, 1919–20 through 2002–03 Purpose of expenditures 1

1919–20

1929–30

1939–40

1949–50

2

3

4

5

1959–60

1969–70

1979–80

1989–90

1999–2000

2001–021

2002–03

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Amounts in thousands of dollars Total expenditures

$1,036,151

$2,316,790

$2,344,049

$5,837,643

$15,613,255

$40,683,429

$95,961,561 $212,769,564 $381,838,155 $435,364,404 $454,905,783

Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary education Administration .............. Instruction .................... Plant operation............. Plant maintenance ....... Fixed charges .............. Other school services4

861,120 36,752 632,556 115,707 30,432 9,286 36,387

1,843,552 78,680 1,317,727 216,072 78,810 50,270 101,993

1,941,799 91,571 1,403,285 194,365 73,321 50,116 129,141

4,687,274 220,050 3,112,340 427,587 214,164 261,469 451,663

12,329,389 528,408 8,350,738 1,085,036 422,586 909,323 1,033,297

34,217,773 1,606,646 23,270,158 2,537,257 974,941 3,266,920 2,561,856

86,984,142 4,263,757 53,257,937 9,744,785 ( 3) 11,793,934 7,923,729

188,229,359 16,346,991 2 113,550,405 2 20,261,415 ( 3) — 2 38,070,548

323,888,508 25,079,298 2 199,968,138 2 31,190,295 ( 3) — 2 67,650,776

368,378,006 28,309,047 2 226,668,386 2 34,829,109 (3 ) — 2 78,571,464

387,592,494 29,751,958 2 237,731,734 2 36,830,517 ( 3) — 2 83,278,285

Other current expenditures .............. Summer schools .......... Adult education5 .......... Community colleges..... Community services ....

3,277 ( 5) 3,277 ( 5) ( 4)

9,825 ( 5) 9,825 ( 5) ( 4)

13,367 ( 5) 13,367 ( 5) ( 4)

35,614 ( 5) 35,614 ( 5) ( 4)

132,566 13,263 26,858 34,492 57,953

635,803 106,481 128,778 138,813 261,731

597,585 24,753 — — 572,832

2,982,543 — — — —

5,457,015 — — — —

6,530,554 — — — —

6,873,755 — — — —

Capital outlay6 .................

153,543

370,878

257,974

1,014,176

2,661,786

4,659,072

6,506,167

17,781,342

43,357,186

49,960,542

48,940,374

Interest on school debt ....

18,212

92,536

130,909

100,578

489,514

1,170,782

1,873,666

3,776,321

9,135,445

10,495,301

11,499,160

2

2

2

2

Percentage distribution Total expenditures

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary education Administration .............. Instruction .................... Plant operation............. Plant maintenance ....... Fixed charges .............. Other school services4

83.1 3.5 61.0 11.2 2.9 0.9 3.5

79.6 3.4 56.9 9.3 3.4 2.2 4.4

82.8 3.9 59.9 8.3 3.1 2.1 5.5

80.3 3.8 53.3 7.3 3.7 4.5 7.7

79.0 3.4 53.5 6.9 2.7 5.8 6.6

84.1 3.9 57.2 6.2 2.4 8.0 6.3

90.6 4.4 55.5 10.2 ( 3) 12.3 8.3

88.5 7.7 2 53.4 2 9.5 ( 3) — 17.9

84.8 6.6 2 52.4 2 8.2 ( 3) — 17.7

84.6 6.5 2 52.1 2 8.0 (3 ) — 18.0

85.2 6.5 2 52.3 2 8.1 ( 3) — 18.3

Other current expenditures .............. Summer schools .......... Adult education5 .......... Community colleges..... Community services ....

0.3 ( 5) 0.3 ( 5) ( 4)

0.4 ( 5) 0.4 ( 5) ( 4)

0.6 ( 5) 0.6 ( 5) ( 4)

0.6 ( 5) 0.6 ( 5) ( 4)

0.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4

1.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6

0.6 # — — 0.6

1.4 — — — —

1.4 — — — —

1.5 — — — —

1.5 — — — —

Capital outlay6 .................

14.8

16.0

11.0

17.4

17.0

11.5

6.8

8.4

11.4

11.5

10.8

Interest on school debt ....

1.8

4.0

5.6

1.7

3.1

2.9

2.0

1.8

2.4

2.4

2.5

—Not available. #Rounds to zero. 1Data are revised from previously published figures. 2 Data not comparable to figures prior to 1989–90. 3 Plant operation also includes plant maintenance. 4Prior to 1959–60, items included under “other school services” were listed under “auxiliary services,” a more comprehensive classification that also included community services. 5 Prior to 1959–60, data shown for adult education represent combined expenditures for adult education, summer schools, and community colleges. 6Prior to 1969–70, excludes capital outlay by state and local school housing authorities.

2

2

2

2

NOTE: Beginning in 1959–60, includes Alaska and Hawaii. Beginning in 1989–90, state administration expenditures were excluded from both “total” and “current” expenditures. Beginning in 1989–90, extensive changes were made in the data collection procedures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1949–50; Statistics of State School Systems, 1959–60 and 1969–70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1979–80; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1989–90 through 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 157. Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2002–03 [In thousands of dollars] State or jurisdiction

1969–70

1

1979–80

1980–81

1989–90

1990–91

1992–93

1993–94

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–99

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–021

2002–03

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

3

$34,217,773

$86,984,142

Alabama ............... Alaska................... Arizona ................. Arkansas............... California ..............

422,730 81,374 281,941 235,083 3,831,595

1,146,713 377,947 949,753 666,949 9,172,158

1,393,137 476,368 1,075,362 709,394 9,936,642

2,275,233 828,051 2,258,660 1,404,545 21,485,782

2,475,216 854,499 2,469,543 1,510,092 22,748,218

2,610,514 967,765 2,753,504 1,703,621 24,219,792

2,809,713 1,002,515 2,911,304 1,782,645 25,140,639

3,026,287 1,020,675 3,144,540 1,873,595 25,949,033

3,240,364 1,045,022 3,327,969 1,994,748 27,334,639

3,436,406 1,069,379 3,527,473 2,074,113 29,909,168

3,633,159 1,092,750 3,740,889 2,149,237 32,759,492

3,880,188 1,137,610 3,963,455 2,241,244 34,379,878

4,176,082 1,183,499 4,288,739 2,380,331 38,129,479

4,354,794 1,229,036 4,846,105 2,505,179 42,908,787

4,444,390 1,284,854 5,395,814 2,822,877 46,265,544

4,657,643 1,326,226 5,891,105 2,923,401 47,983,402

Colorado ............... Connecticut........... Delaware............... District of Columbia ........ Florida...................

369,218 588,710 108,747

1,243,049 1,227,892 269,108

1,369,883 1,440,881 270,439

2,451,833 3,444,520 520,953

2,642,850 3,540,411 543,933

2,919,916 3,739,497 600,161

2,954,793 3,943,891 643,915

3,232,976 4,247,328 694,473

3,360,529 4,366,123 726,241

3,577,211 4,522,718 788,715

3,886,872 4,763,653 830,731

4,140,699 5,075,580 872,786

4,401,010 5,402,836 937,630

4,758,173 5,693,207 1,027,224

5,151,003 6,031,062 1,072,875

5,551,506 6,302,988 1,127,745

141,138 961,273

298,448 2,766,468

295,155 3,336,657

639,983 8,228,531

647,901 9,045,710

670,677 9,661,012

713,427 10,331,896

666,938 11,019,735

679,106 11,480,359

632,952 12,018,676

647,202 12,737,325

693,712 13,534,374

780,192 13,885,988

830,299 15,023,514

912,432 15,535,864

902,318 16,355,123

Georgia................. Hawaii ................... Idaho..................... Illinois.................... Indiana..................

599,371 141,324 103,107 1,896,067 809,105

1,608,028 351,889 313,927 4,579,355 1,851,292

1,688,714 395,038 352,912 4,773,179 1,898,194

4,505,962 700,012 627,794 8,125,493 4,074,578

4,804,225 827,579 708,045 8,932,538 4,379,142

5,273,143 946,074 804,231 9,942,737 4,797,946

5,643,843 998,143 859,088 10,076,889 5,064,685

6,136,689 1,028,729 951,350 10,640,279 5,243,761

6,629,646 1,040,682 1,019,594 10,727,091 5,493,653

7,230,405 1,057,069 1,090,597 11,720,249 6,055,055

7,770,241 1,112,351 1,153,778 12,473,064 6,234,563

8,537,177 1,143,713 1,239,755 13,602,965 6,697,468

9,158,624 1,213,695 1,302,817 14,462,773 7,110,930

10,011,343 1,215,968 1,403,190 15,634,490 7,548,487

10,853,496 1,348,381 1,481,803 16,480,787 7,704,547

11,630,576 1,489,092 1,511,862 17,271,301 8,088,684

Iowa ...................... Kansas.................. Kentucky ............... Louisiana .............. Maine....................

527,086 362,593 353,265 503,217 155,907

1,186,659 830,133 1,054,459 1,303,902 385,492

1,337,504 958,281 1,096,472 1,767,692 401,355

2,004,742 1,848,302 2,134,011 2,838,283 1,048,195

2,136,561 1,938,012 2,480,363 3,023,690 1,070,965

2,459,141 2,224,080 2,823,134 3,199,919 1,217,418

2,527,434 2,325,247 2,952,119 3,309,018 1,208,411

2,622,510 2,406,580 2,988,892 3,475,926 1,281,706

2,753,425 2,488,077 3,171,495 3,545,832 1,313,759

2,885,943 2,568,525 3,382,062 3,747,508 1,372,571

3,005,421 2,684,244 3,489,205 4,029,139 1,433,175

3,110,585 2,841,147 3,696,331 4,264,981 1,510,024

3,264,336 2,971,814 3,837,794 4,391,189 1,604,438

3,430,885 3,264,698 4,047,392 4,485,878 1,704,422

3,565,796 3,450,923 4,268,608 4,802,565 1,812,798

3,652,022 3,510,675 4,401,627 5,056,583 1,909,268

Maryland............... Massachusetts...... Michigan ............... Minnesota ............. Mississippi ............

721,794 907,341 1,799,945 781,243 262,760

1,783,056 2,638,734 4,642,847 1,786,768 756,018

1,937,159 2,794,762 5,196,249 1,900,322 716,878

3,894,644 4,760,390 8,025,621 3,474,398 1,472,710

4,240,862 4,906,828 8,545,805 3,740,820 1,510,552

4,556,266 5,281,067 9,532,994 4,135,284 1,600,752

4,783,023 5,637,337 9,816,830 4,328,093 1,725,386

5,083,380 6,062,303 10,440,206 4,622,930 1,921,480

5,311,207 6,435,458 11,137,877 4,844,879 2,000,321

5,529,309 6,846,610 11,686,124 5,087,353 2,035,675

5,843,685 7,381,784 12,003,818 5,452,571 2,164,592

6,165,934 7,948,502 12,785,480 5,836,186 2,293,188

6,545,135 8,564,039 13,994,294 6,140,442 2,510,376

7,044,881 9,272,387 14,243,597 6,531,198 2,576,457

7,480,723 9,957,292 14,975,150 6,586,559 2,642,116

7,933,055 10,281,820 15,674,698 6,867,403 2,853,531

Missouri ................ Montana................ Nebraska .............. Nevada ................. New Hampshire ....

642,030 127,176 231,612 87,273 101,370

1,504,988 358,118 581,615 281,901 295,400

1,643,258 380,092 629,017 287,752 340,518

3,288,738 641,345 1,233,431 712,898 821,671

3,487,786 719,963 1,297,643 864,379 890,116

3,710,426 785,159 1,430,039 1,035,623 972,963

3,981,614 822,015 1,513,971 1,099,685 1,007,129

4,275,217 844,257 1,594,928 1,186,132 1,053,966

4,531,192 868,892 1,648,104 1,296,629 1,114,540

4,775,931 902,252 1,707,455 1,434,395 1,173,958

5,067,720 929,197 1,743,775 1,570,576 1,241,255

5,348,366 955,695 1,821,310 1,738,009 1,316,946

5,655,531 994,770 1,926,500 1,875,467 1,418,503

6,076,169 1,041,760 2,067,290 1,978,480 1,518,792

6,491,885 1,073,005 2,206,946 2,169,000 1,641,378

6,793,957 1,124,291 2,304,223 2,251,044 1,781,594

New Jersey ........... New Mexico .......... New York............... North Carolina ...... North Dakota ........

1,343,564 183,736 4,111,839 676,193 97,895

3,638,533 515,451 8,760,500 1,880,862 228,483

3,648,914 560,213 9,259,948 2,112,417 254,197

8,119,336 1,020,148 18,090,978 4,342,826 459,391

8,897,612 1,134,156 19,514,583 4,605,384 460,581

9,915,482 1,240,310 20,898,267 4,930,823 511,095

10,448,096 1,323,459 22,059,949 5,145,416 522,377

10,776,982 1,441,078 22,989,629 5,440,426 534,632

11,208,558 1,517,517 23,522,461 5,582,994 557,043

11,771,941 1,557,376 24,237,291 5,964,939 577,498

12,056,560 1,659,891 25,332,735 6,497,648 599,443

12,874,579 1,788,382 26,885,444 7,097,882 625,428

13,327,645 1,890,274 28,433,240 7,713,293 638,946

14,773,650 2,022,093 30,884,292 8,201,901 668,814

15,822,609 2,204,165 32,218,975 8,543,290 711,437

17,185,966 2,281,608 34,546,965 8,766,968 716,007

Ohio ...................... Oklahoma ............. Oregon.................. Pennsylvania......... Rhode Island ........ South Carolina......

1,639,805 339,105 403,844 1,912,644 145,443 367,689

3,836,576 1,055,844 1,126,812 4,584,320 362,046 997,984

4,149,858 1,193,373 1,292,624 4,955,115 395,389 1,006,088

7,994,379 1,905,332 2,297,944 9,496,788 801,908 2,322,618

8,407,428 2,107,513 2,453,934 10,087,322 823,655 2,494,254

9,173,393 2,442,320 2,849,009 10,944,392 934,815 2,690,009

9,612,678 2,680,113 2,852,723 11,236,417 990,094 2,790,878

10,030,956 2,763,721 2,948,539 11,587,027 1,050,969 2,920,230

10,408,022 2,804,088 3,056,801 12,374,073 1,094,185 3,085,495

10,948,074 2,990,044 3,184,100 12,820,704 1,151,888 3,296,661

11,448,722 3,138,690 3,474,714 13,084,859 1,215,595 3,507,017

12,138,937 3,332,697 3,706,044 13,532,211 1,283,859 3,759,042

12,974,575 3,382,581 3,896,287 14,120,112 1,393,143 4,087,355

13,893,495 3,750,542 4,112,069 14,895,316 1,465,703 4,492,161

14,774,065 3,875,547 4,214,512 15,550,975 1,533,455 4,744,809

15,868,494 3,804,570 4,150,747 16,344,439 1,647,587 4,888,250

See notes at end of table.

$94,321,093 $188,229,359 $202,037,752 $220,948,052 $231,542,764 $243,877,582 $255,106,683 $270,174,298 $285,485,370 $302,876,294 $323,888,508 $348,360,841 $368,378,006 $387,592,494

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 257 Revenues and Expenditures

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2 United States

[In thousands of dollars] 1969–70

1979–80

1980–81

1989–90

1990–91

1992–93

1993–94

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–99

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–021

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

South Dakota........ Tennessee ............ Texas .................... Utah ......................

109,375 473,226 1,518,181 179,981

238,332 1,319,303 4,997,689 518,251

242,215 1,429,938 5,310,181 587,648

447,074 2,790,808 12,763,954 1,130,135

481,304 2,903,209 13,695,327 1,235,916

553,005 3,139,223 15,121,655 1,376,319

584,894 3,305,579 16,193,722 1,511,205

612,825 3,540,682 17,572,269 1,618,047

610,640 3,728,486 18,801,462 1,719,782

628,753 4,145,380 20,167,238 1,822,725

665,082 4,409,338 21,188,676 1,916,688

696,785 4,638,924 22,430,153 2,025,714

737,998 4,931,734 25,098,703 2,102,655

796,133 5,170,379 26,546,557 2,250,339

819,296 5,501,029 28,191,128 2,374,702

851,429 5,674,773 30,399,603 2,366,897

Vermont ................ Virginia.................. Washington........... West Virginia......... Wisconsin ............. Wyoming...............

78,921 704,677 699,984 249,404 777,288 69,584

189,811 1,881,519 1,825,782 678,386 1,908,523 226,067

224,901 2,045,412 1,791,477 754,889 2,035,879 271,153

546,901 4,621,071 3,550,819 1,316,637 3,929,920 509,084

599,018 4,958,213 3,906,471 1,473,640 4,292,434 521,549

616,212 5,228,326 4,679,698 1,626,005 4,954,900 547,938

643,828 5,441,384 4,892,690 1,663,868 5,170,343 558,353

665,559 5,750,318 5,138,928 1,758,557 5,422,264 577,144

684,864 5,969,608 5,394,507 1,806,004 5,670,826 581,817

718,092 6,343,768 5,587,803 1,847,560 5,975,122 591,488

749,786 6,736,863 5,987,060 1,905,940 6,280,696 603,901

792,664 7,137,419 6,098,008 1,986,562 6,620,653 651,622

870,198 7,757,598 6,399,885 2,086,937 6,852,178 683,918

934,031 8,335,805 6,782,136 2,157,568 7,249,081 704,695

992,149 8,718,554 7,103,817 2,219,013 7,592,176 761,830

1,045,213 9,208,329 7,359,566 2,349,833 7,934,755 791,732

— 16,652

— —

— —

21,838 101,130

24,946 116,406

23,636 161,477

25,161 160,797

28,643 161,434

30,382 158,303

33,780 156,561

33,088 168,716

35,092 —

42,395 —

40,642 —

46,192 —

47,566 —

— — —

— — —

— 713,000 —

20,476 1,045,407 128,065

26,822 1,142,863 119,950

38,784 1,295,452 120,510

32,824 1,360,762 120,556

45,008 1,501,485 122,094

44,037 1,667,640 122,286

53,140 1,740,074 122,188

56,514 1,981,603 131,315

50,450 2,024,499 146,474

49,832 2,086,414 135,174

49,151 2,257,837 125,252

46,508 2,152,724 107,343

50,843 2,541,385 125,405

State or jurisdiction 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ........ Guam ................ Northern Marianas ..... Puerto Rico....... Virgin Islands ....

—Not available. 1Data have been revised from previously published figures. NOTE: Beginning in 1980–81, expenditures for state administration are excluded. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

2002–03

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems, 1969–70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1979–80 and 1980–81; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1989–90 through 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

258 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

Table 157. Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2002–03—Continued

Table 158. Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03 [In thousands of dollars] Total expenditures Current expenditures for elementary and secondary programs Student support services Current expenditures, Total total

Operation Instructional General School and Student 5 staff administration administration maintenance transportation

Other support services

Food services

Other current Enterprise 3 operations expenditures1

Instruction

Total

Student support4

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

United States $454,905,783 $387,592,494 $237,731,734 $134,021,897

State or jurisdiction 1

2

3

Capital outlay2

Interest on school debt

15

16

17

$18,568,413

$7,960,378

$21,791,580

$36,830,517

$15,647,698

$13,231,082

$14,930,942

$907,921

$6,873,755

$48,940,374

$11,499,160

5,305,144 1,609,420 7,050,421 3,304,710 56,542,273

4,657,643 1,326,226 5,891,105 2,923,401 47,983,402

2,818,526 771,237 3,530,858 1,786,323 29,170,269

1,521,337 510,329 2,082,411 990,294 17,017,791

222,291 65,340 307,957 130,139 2,156,449

190,115 84,263 149,316 150,834 3,129,644

126,954 21,054 96,222 94,900 433,897

285,766 75,782 293,770 164,478 3,271,306

407,103 169,586 650,118 271,264 4,573,190

199,517 52,234 200,114 103,594 1,151,267

89,592 42,070 384,914 75,085 2,302,037

317,780 38,347 277,836 146,727 1,727,583

0 6,314 0 58 67,759

106,661 11,051 42,109 23,798 1,010,545

434,524 247,579 851,646 287,627 6,988,779

106,315 24,565 265,562 69,884 559,547

Colorado ............... Connecticut........... Delaware............... District of Columbia ........ Florida...................

6,704,415 7,334,520 1,342,095

5,551,506 6,302,988 1,127,745

3,180,392 4,019,659 693,970

2,180,040 2,058,828 381,184

243,697 348,879 53,596

269,246 217,894 15,143

79,469 130,653 12,715

377,689 347,333 62,829

514,055 567,680 106,170

165,272 295,902 62,821

530,612 150,486 67,910

171,400 169,241 52,592

19,674 55,261 0

53,074 122,087 17,846

825,336 768,133 178,934

274,499 141,313 17,569

1,114,681 20,161,939

902,318 16,355,123

473,414 9,616,720

406,079 5,938,232

82,796 830,144

91,583 1,002,208

24,368 184,552

36,058 984,370

100,548 1,745,187

47,649 682,624

23,076 509,148

22,825 800,171

0 0

16,422 418,707

195,941 2,918,212

0 469,897

Georgia................. Hawaii ................... Idaho..................... Illinois.................... Indiana..................

13,586,716 1,657,914 1,739,541 20,658,276 9,688,103

11,630,576 1,489,092 1,511,862 17,271,301 8,088,684

7,367,694 888,473 924,975 10,320,227 4,951,003

3,678,590 521,929 521,688 6,393,248 2,807,529

527,125 162,114 85,570 1,066,937 356,994

624,317 88,294 70,355 694,007 264,105

155,117 9,395 34,710 609,402 146,868

713,453 96,267 86,824 922,117 457,944

852,759 106,427 144,022 1,733,174 874,645

436,957 25,319 69,454 838,707 449,178

368,861 34,113 30,753 528,905 257,796

573,344 78,689 65,199 557,826 330,153

10,949 0 0 0 0

61,048 50,252 4,894 127,354 63,903

1,712,863 64,161 186,889 2,728,064 840,802

182,229 54,410 35,895 531,557 694,712

Iowa ...................... Kansas.................. Kentucky ............... Louisiana .............. Maine....................

4,203,671 3,910,054 4,687,217 5,630,084 2,124,554

3,652,022 3,510,675 4,401,627 5,056,583 1,909,268

2,174,018 2,078,415 2,686,505 3,069,994 1,281,073

1,210,993 1,269,958 1,475,797 1,673,753 566,838

232,374 197,924 177,949 214,353 64,323

164,490 159,818 217,296 234,756 60,128

102,444 124,905 126,747 119,820 43,560

196,974 211,301 252,366 273,046 102,157

306,030 349,014 370,485 464,025 181,045

112,323 138,823 213,682 259,573 82,231

96,358 88,173 117,272 108,181 33,394

161,315 162,303 239,325 312,751 61,357

105,695 0 0 86 0

28,279 16,061 53,807 50,551 22,294

459,040 250,127 133,703 411,074 148,847

64,330 133,191 98,079 111,876 44,145

Maryland............... Massachusetts...... Michigan ............... Minnesota ............. Mississippi ............

8,734,564 11,084,082 19,291,044 8,720,326 3,156,153

7,933,055 10,281,820 15,674,698 6,867,403 2,853,531

4,934,017 6,542,762 8,929,871 4,404,702 1,707,391

2,636,403 3,426,551 6,264,837 2,147,923 968,645

308,603 615,326 1,070,029 230,704 123,997

460,560 491,848 777,470 374,613 128,418

71,390 188,785 353,302 178,970 94,796

519,264 449,711 1,049,255 261,993 159,968

682,697 940,246 1,642,459 520,771 285,030

390,991 430,126 644,387 372,316 122,650

202,898 310,508 727,934 208,556 53,786

233,590 312,507 479,990 287,329 177,084

129,044 0 0 27,450 411

22,844 227,367 381,464 330,091 24,716

686,976 272,652 2,565,279 1,165,500 210,367

91,688 302,243 669,603 357,332 67,539

Missouri ................ Montana................ Nebraska .............. Nevada ................. New Hampshire ....

7,953,797 1,220,956 2,678,767 3,012,227 2,041,865

6,793,957 1,124,291 2,304,223 2,251,044 1,781,594

4,142,285 690,810 1,470,002 1,408,570 1,156,573

2,358,352 387,437 673,441 768,641 570,229

333,196 53,843 96,433 83,396 117,777

304,635 43,311 76,788 94,306 53,942

208,479 35,445 81,112 41,179 60,911

401,895 62,066 118,332 154,863 100,161

663,103 113,591 194,619 224,695 146,442

321,703 49,078 60,945 83,437 77,928

125,342 30,104 45,212 86,765 13,068

293,320 44,464 90,224 73,834 54,792

0 1,579 70,556 0 0

158,259 6,067 4,306 15,529 6,285

767,547 78,735 315,737 577,105 214,861

234,034 11,863 54,501 168,549 39,124

New Jersey ........... New Mexico .......... New York............... North Carolina ...... North Dakota ........

19,168,738 2,734,668 39,903,445 10,104,266 810,960

17,185,966 2,281,608 34,546,965 8,766,968 716,007

10,152,232 1,266,008 23,721,563 5,574,861 427,511

6,504,334 910,138 9,989,057 2,703,000 232,465

1,555,186 231,168 1,112,897 449,437 28,697

583,395 105,561 938,890 307,743 21,916

477,251 70,742 726,976 170,143 34,568

891,817 140,369 1,430,721 555,571 35,681

1,697,954 220,775 2,972,871 684,718 63,604

950,926 102,564 1,697,933 316,768 32,817

347,805 38,960 1,108,769 218,620 15,181

399,469 104,143 836,345 489,107 34,039

129,932 1,319 0 0 21,992

183,107 22,518 1,442,295 46,078 6,226

1,510,643 393,838 3,176,667 1,010,366 79,894

289,021 36,704 737,518 280,854 8,834

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 259 Revenues and Expenditures

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

$19,992,229

Alabama ............... Alaska................... Arizona ................. Arkansas............... California ..............

[In thousands of dollars] Total expenditures Current expenditures for elementary and secondary programs Student support services

State or jurisdiction 1

Current expenditures, Total total

Instruction

Total

Student support4

Operation and Student Instructional General School 5 staff administration administration maintenance transportation

Other support services

Food services

Other current Enterprise 3 expenditures1 operations

Capital outlay2

Interest on school debt

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Ohio ...................... Oklahoma ............. Oregon.................. Pennsylvania......... Rhode Island ........

19,000,331 4,144,802 4,976,856 19,350,934 1,746,150

15,868,494 3,804,570 4,150,747 16,344,439 1,647,587

9,110,815 2,203,126 2,458,745 10,095,432 1,064,304

6,232,340 1,349,256 1,550,553 5,609,932 540,735

944,733 246,656 277,037 792,337 131,530

1,000,770 122,864 162,021 608,640 68,751

446,213 106,363 60,788 492,695 22,482

965,122 204,830 266,887 723,616 84,760

1,475,847 421,962 342,176 1,672,166 129,039

705,157 122,324 182,290 806,993 65,001

694,498 124,257 259,355 513,486 39,173

523,749 208,897 140,087 573,134 42,548

1,591 43,292 1,362 65,940 0

440,362 15,948 34,179 375,346 37,659

2,342,881 272,056 605,585 1,887,169 31,616

348,594 52,228 186,345 743,981 29,288

South Carolina...... South Dakota........ Tennessee ............ Texas .................... Utah ......................

6,028,152 998,417 6,499,907 36,903,089 2,991,570

4,888,250 851,429 5,674,773 30,399,603 2,366,897

2,915,986 498,922 3,647,986 18,347,986 1,518,242

1,711,287 307,100 1,748,705 10,516,120 714,894

330,343 47,231 200,291 1,477,574 88,038

314,023 43,115 308,643 1,722,541 111,885

62,051 30,069 114,908 495,247 26,655

287,430 43,979 301,753 1,670,719 144,324

436,387 82,583 539,552 3,223,281 218,391

151,811 27,710 197,764 821,658 73,833

129,242 32,412 85,794 1,105,100 51,768

243,952 43,225 278,082 1,535,497 126,070

17,025 2,182 0 0 7,691

72,231 2,762 42,072 276,742 71,100

876,292 122,499 640,826 4,763,982 464,864

191,379 21,727 142,236 1,462,762 88,710

Vermont ................ Virginia.................. Washington........... West Virginia......... Wisconsin ............. Wyoming...............

1,110,930 10,487,025 8,927,605 2,557,190 9,300,201 911,017

1,045,213 9,208,329 7,359,566 2,349,833 7,934,755 791,732

671,163 5,661,332 4,381,186 1,444,689 4,904,809 474,108

345,762 3,184,354 2,620,468 774,469 2,775,318 292,306

74,200 442,175 513,675 81,166 361,288 46,318

37,993 576,194 332,723 64,886 412,789 39,369

26,839 138,834 168,301 63,881 215,391 17,860

71,929 545,011 350,388 131,937 410,334 45,069

80,908 907,832 729,430 242,176 706,320 82,368

32,980 434,769 284,128 157,193 308,661 33,617

20,914 139,539 241,823 33,231 360,536 27,705

27,531 360,124 240,634 130,662 254,517 25,234

758 2,519 117,277 13 111 83

3,710 63,288 42,793 33,080 182,299 2,289

46,598 1,069,387 1,201,292 163,741 682,823 110,315

15,409 146,022 323,954 10,537 500,324 6,681

54,744 —

47,566 —

24,662 —

14,268 —

2,037 —

2,944 —

617 —

2,244 —

4,523 —

642 —

1,262 —

8,637 —

0 —

3,201 —

3,976 —

0 —

51,249 2,632,580 133,034

50,843 2,541,385 125,405

43,548 1,876,195 81,742

4,922 361,322 39,754

653 51,684 7,064

163 45,300 3,941

3,458 14,901 6,089

0 0 7,113

0 131,068 8,903

103 56,957 4,389

546 61,412 2,255

2,372 303,868 3,143

0 0 767

1 53,394 1,710

405 19,386 5,920

0 18,415 0

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ........ Guam ................ Northern Marianas ..... Puerto Rico....... Virgin Islands ....

—Not available. 1 Includes expenditures for adult education, community colleges, private school programs funded by local and state education agencies, and community services. 2Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors. 3 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time). Also includes small amounts for direct program support made by state education agencies for local school districts.

4Includes

expenditures for health, attendance, and speech pathology services. Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers. NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

5

260 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

Table 158. Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03—Continued

Table 159. Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02 [In thousands of dollars] Total expenditures Current expenditures for elementary and secondary programs Student support services Operation Instructional General School and Student 5 staff administration administration maintenance transportation

Total

Current expenditures total

Instruction

Total

Student support4

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

United States $435,364,404 $368,378,006 $226,668,386 $126,437,885

State or jurisdiction 1

Other current Enterprise 3 operations expenditures1

Other support services

Food services

11

12

13

14

Capital outlay2

Interest on school debt

15

16

17

$17,352,980

$7,628,348

$20,680,699

$34,829,109

$14,799,365

$12,417,794

$14,466,602

$805,133

$6,530,554

$49,960,542

$10,495,301

5,156,903 1,537,251 6,606,795 3,172,698 54,425,142

4,444,390 1,284,854 5,395,814 2,822,877 46,265,544

2,721,721 754,660 3,226,029 1,739,445 28,566,063

1,415,114 487,344 1,912,159 939,213 15,960,392

204,290 64,388 287,954 130,496 1,999,778

171,308 72,770 141,660 125,728 2,815,683

112,643 20,888 91,049 97,907 409,887

275,116 73,111 284,048 159,814 3,076,398

381,210 165,295 607,115 261,373 4,359,473

187,816 49,778 185,029 99,618 1,108,441

82,732 41,114 315,304 64,278 2,190,732

307,556 36,918 257,626 144,164 1,678,793

0 5,932 0 54 60,296

112,523 7,923 41,309 21,750 969,819

498,296 216,603 938,564 262,413 6,736,368

101,694 27,871 231,109 65,659 453,411

Colorado ............... Connecticut........... Delaware............... District of Columbia ........ Florida...................

6,235,939 7,022,257 1,269,253

5,151,003 6,031,062 1,072,875

2,976,088 3,861,634 660,857

1,991,311 1,952,819 361,985

213,122 327,976 50,966

230,926 214,754 15,559

75,260 116,636 11,419

339,258 332,451 63,221

486,796 536,354 100,341

154,571 279,037 59,197

491,377 145,610 61,282

165,165 163,322 50,033

18,438 53,287 0

49,605 120,020 17,279

783,292 737,118 163,895

252,040 134,056 15,204

1,182,518 19,443,481

912,432 15,535,864

452,905 9,161,962

431,692 5,601,259

86,579 789,365

98,297 944,089

24,575 175,550

40,190 934,781

100,469 1,628,226

54,451 640,391

27,132 488,855

27,834 772,643

0 0

14,787 469,717

255,299 3,002,571

0 435,329

Georgia................. Hawaii ................... Idaho..................... Illinois.................... Indiana..................

12,739,243 1,483,148 1,693,120 19,970,125 9,283,975

10,853,496 1,348,381 1,481,803 16,480,787 7,704,547

6,932,058 815,123 905,333 9,804,430 4,689,264

3,363,275 457,784 512,538 6,140,082 2,699,273

497,055 74,140 82,939 1,024,317 341,541

551,444 56,680 64,128 666,948 251,811

141,407 73,766 34,481 567,972 142,550

650,627 80,430 86,271 875,789 435,815

825,196 114,541 143,768 1,655,054 823,080

399,561 23,105 67,352 790,337 421,670

297,986 35,122 33,599 559,666 282,807

547,523 75,474 63,933 536,275 316,010

10,639 0 0 0 0

57,340 46,141 4,202 141,365 63,099

1,660,225 48,433 172,278 2,884,030 855,571

168,182 40,194 34,837 463,943 660,759

Iowa ...................... Kansas.................. Kentucky ............... Louisiana .............. Maine....................

4,113,595 3,834,020 4,566,750 5,400,008 2,013,802

3,565,796 3,450,923 4,268,608 4,802,565 1,812,798

2,124,947 2,017,178 2,619,607 2,935,369 1,208,176

1,181,655 1,272,727 1,413,529 1,562,258 543,988

233,251 205,073 167,404 199,416 59,627

170,721 167,055 206,855 217,329 57,025

100,194 124,897 125,456 110,987 36,819

190,436 210,074 241,443 262,549 98,569

286,507 344,375 358,531 423,695 177,200

106,752 134,518 213,086 242,539 82,367

93,794 86,735 100,754 105,743 32,380

157,931 161,018 235,471 304,855 60,578

101,264 0 0 83 56

29,237 5,178 51,391 49,175 21,175

459,384 250,736 159,002 443,689 139,799

59,178 127,184 87,749 104,579 40,030

Maryland............... Massachusetts...... Michigan ............... Minnesota ............. Mississippi ............

8,544,911 10,635,293 18,467,758 8,570,743 2,928,691

7,480,723 9,957,292 14,975,150 6,586,559 2,642,116

4,653,921 6,340,143 8,598,644 4,192,309 1,591,250

2,471,745 3,308,015 5,916,871 2,100,159 878,870

315,236 574,937 989,268 230,503 113,547

391,417 459,072 732,823 388,476 113,457

65,187 186,111 350,237 173,284 87,612

488,990 433,079 989,127 261,187 150,562

646,783 926,797 1,538,873 485,570 253,270

365,346 419,136 606,292 364,708 112,283

198,786 308,884 710,250 196,431 48,138

227,626 309,134 459,635 281,475 171,707

127,432 0 0 12,616 290

22,275 113,220 415,169 314,656 21,798

953,931 287,244 2,434,973 1,301,733 199,548

87,982 277,537 642,465 367,794 65,228

Missouri ................ Montana................ Nebraska .............. Nevada ................. New Hampshire ....

7,689,238 1,166,021 2,610,863 2,929,241 1,868,786

6,491,885 1,073,005 2,206,946 2,169,000 1,641,378

3,954,284 664,569 1,390,961 1,353,806 1,064,917

2,249,300 363,625 659,551 744,190 524,179

309,981 52,201 96,464 79,748 108,681

296,483 40,621 78,590 83,396 49,800

196,710 32,918 83,140 35,764 54,807

388,441 57,757 111,176 151,564 92,523

630,550 107,800 188,481 219,396 135,648

304,250 46,536 58,531 84,731 71,553

122,885 25,792 43,169 89,590 11,167

288,301 42,967 86,763 71,003 52,283

0 1,844 69,670 0 0

153,326 7,360 2,899 16,812 5,770

829,470 72,683 348,248 605,685 186,855

214,556 12,972 52,769 137,744 34,784

New Jersey ........... New Mexico .......... New York............... North Carolina ...... North Dakota ........

17,568,596 2,634,747 37,225,533 10,058,403 781,895

15,822,609 2,204,165 32,218,975 8,543,290 711,437

9,358,608 1,232,319 22,001,202 5,412,927 436,583

5,975,494 869,870 9,350,907 2,643,261 219,858

1,368,917 222,065 1,042,721 460,371 26,357

557,422 101,471 899,055 293,270 20,537

440,510 62,304 671,626 171,884 33,366

827,899 130,744 1,365,087 566,086 33,869

1,546,368 214,456 2,785,267 646,132 59,131

899,976 101,443 1,587,472 297,748 31,699

334,402 37,388 999,680 207,770 14,899

384,232 100,651 866,866 487,102 33,549

104,275 1,325 0 0 21,447

181,626 18,369 1,330,376 49,018 5,770

1,299,498 375,965 3,041,840 1,229,340 57,463

264,863 36,248 634,342 236,755 7,225

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 261 Revenues and Expenditures

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

$18,729,590

Alabama ............... Alaska................... Arizona ................. Arkansas............... California ..............

[In thousands of dollars] Total expenditures Current expenditures for elementary and secondary programs Student support services

State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Current expenditures total

Instruction

Total

Student support4

Operation and Student Instructional General School 5 staff administration administration maintenance transportation

Other support services

Food services

Other current Enterprise 3 expenditures1 operations

Capital outlay2

Interest on school debt

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Ohio ...................... Oklahoma ............. Oregon.................. Pennsylvania......... Rhode Island ........

17,665,581 4,234,350 4,966,829 18,639,229 1,612,465

14,774,065 3,875,547 4,214,512 15,550,975 1,533,455

8,574,310 2,239,893 2,476,323 9,686,763 989,404

5,693,030 1,382,715 1,597,050 5,272,437 503,479

828,379 245,811 288,365 751,400 124,704

931,297 125,719 179,075 573,357 64,032

402,471 113,393 61,424 475,448 19,717

886,251 209,812 272,309 689,875 78,595

1,348,424 432,498 358,680 1,543,495 124,136

657,738 124,935 179,880 768,827 59,091

638,469 130,548 257,316 470,035 33,205

505,142 211,087 139,875 559,501 40,573

1,584 41,852 1,263 32,274 0

411,541 16,706 30,303 378,808 24,199

2,141,502 296,371 557,129 1,979,972 27,128

338,473 45,726 164,886 729,474 27,682

South Carolina...... South Dakota........ Tennessee ............ Texas .................... Utah ......................

5,900,096 994,193 6,484,883 35,238,428 2,949,468

4,744,809 819,296 5,501,029 28,191,128 2,374,702

2,857,016 484,985 3,586,667 17,026,101 1,549,329

1,630,168 289,896 1,644,763 9,755,351 695,398

314,153 44,394 189,868 1,373,055 87,931

282,963 38,539 293,677 1,621,289 103,422

59,852 28,645 106,712 478,827 25,660

285,046 42,245 283,542 1,556,913 140,936

417,392 77,660 509,884 3,030,032 216,931

147,434 27,205 186,829 740,948 70,935

123,327 31,208 74,252 954,287 49,583

242,115 41,980 269,598 1,409,676 122,625

15,509 2,436 0 0 7,350

66,803 3,323 35,175 247,626 69,499

948,873 149,970 768,274 5,398,793 426,483

139,611 21,604 180,405 1,400,881 78,783

Vermont ................ Virginia.................. Washington........... West Virginia......... Wisconsin ............. Wyoming...............

1,075,981 10,074,939 8,493,138 2,462,386 8,877,133 864,564

992,149 8,718,554 7,103,817 2,219,013 7,592,176 761,830

638,802 5,373,764 4,227,668 1,368,692 4,705,538 463,839

325,507 3,003,915 2,531,023 721,118 2,642,906 272,841

70,608 411,229 492,506 76,314 354,603 45,600

34,316 549,342 326,975 61,721 388,159 32,437

24,830 148,461 163,632 59,387 204,431 15,656

66,881 512,890 336,889 122,884 393,647 43,502

76,461 846,270 707,561 224,260 673,935 78,369

32,328 403,763 271,364 146,262 298,665 31,845

20,082 131,961 232,096 30,291 329,466 25,433

26,969 338,641 235,037 129,200 243,642 24,522

872 2,234 110,090 3 90 629

3,163 58,484 42,125 33,911 155,078 2,332

65,704 1,127,182 1,048,026 198,312 842,235 92,546

14,965 170,718 299,170 11,150 287,644 7,855

55,227 —

46,192 —

21,887 —

13,439 —

2,069 —

3,064 —

580 —

1,951 —

3,985 —

602 —

1,189 —

10,866 —

0 —

2,672 —

6,363 —

0 —

59,197 2,219,364 115,143

46,508 2,152,724 107,343

38,687 1,514,026 67,985

5,253 419,407 35,120

480 55,191 6,229

41 31,363 3,173

4,549 8,792 5,231

0 0 6,020

0 215,830 8,157

62 42,040 4,374

121 66,191 1,937

2,569 219,291 3,398

0 0 840

343 44,158 2,020

12,345 3,641 5,780

0 18,842 0

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ........ Guam ................ Northern Marianas ..... Puerto Rico....... Virgin Islands ....

—Not available. 1 Includes expenditures for adult education, community colleges, private school programs funded by local and state education agencies, and community services. 2Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors. 3 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time). Also includes small amounts for direct program support made by state education agencies for local school districts.

4Includes

expenditures for health, attendance, and speech pathology services. Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers. NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 2001–02. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

5

262 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

Table 159. Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02—Continued

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 263 Revenues and Expenditures

Table 160. Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and subfunction: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2002–03 Expenditures (in thousands)

Percentage distribution of current expenditures

1990–91

1995–96

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–021

2002–03

1990–91

1995–96

1999– 2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Total expenditures.............. $229,429,715 $293,646,490 $381,838,155 $410,811,185 $435,364,404 $454,905,783

†

†

†

†

†

†

Function and subfunction 1

Current expenditures for public schools ..................................

2000–01 2001–021

2002–03

202,037,752

255,106,683

323,888,508

348,360,841

368,378,006

387,592,494

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

Salaries.................................... Employee benefits ................... Purchased services ................. Tuition....................................... Supplies ................................... Other........................................

2 132,730,931

33,954,456 2 16,380,643 2 1,192,505 2 14,805,956 2 2,973,261

165,806,160 44,786,697 21,579,562 1,590,468 18,756,157 2,587,639

210,158,874 53,333,592 29,051,785 2,231,250 25,896,917 3,216,089

224,305,806 57,976,490 31,778,754 2,458,366 28,262,078 3,579,347

236,800,258 62,008,725 32,936,278 3,257,939 29,544,118 3,830,688

246,349,303 68,136,869 35,325,666 3,298,588 30,528,839 3,953,230

65.70 16.81 8.11 0.59 7.33 1.47

64.99 17.56 8.46 0.62 7.35 1.01

64.89 16.47 8.97 0.69 8.00 0.99

64.39 16.64 9.12 0.71 8.11 1.03

64.28 16.83 8.94 0.88 8.02 1.04

63.56 17.58 9.11 0.85 7.88 1.02

Instruction ................................ Salaries ................................ Employee benefits................ Purchased services.............. Tuition................................... Supplies ............................... Other ....................................

122,223,362 90,742,284 22,347,524 2,722,639 1,192,505 4,584,754 633,656

157,473,978 114,580,985 30,299,566 3,825,111 1,590,468 6,513,488 664,360

199,968,138 145,071,564 36,197,167 5,839,673 2,231,250 9,751,743 876,741

214,333,003 154,512,089 39,522,678 6,430,708 2,458,366 10,377,554 1,031,608

226,668,386 162,552,497 41,969,103 6,629,625 3,257,939 11,226,470 1,032,751

237,731,734 168,828,934 45,947,180 7,289,623 3,298,588 11,294,271 1,073,139

60.50 44.91 11.06 1.35 0.59 2.27 0.31

61.73 44.91 11.88 1.50 0.62 2.55 0.26

61.74 44.79 11.18 1.80 0.69 3.01 0.27

61.53 44.35 11.35 1.85 0.71 2.98 0.30

61.53 44.13 11.39 1.80 0.88 3.05 0.28

61.34 43.56 11.85 1.88 0.85 2.91 0.28

Student support3 ...................... Salaries ................................ Employee benefits................ Purchased services.............. Supplies ............................... Other ....................................

8,926,010 6,565,965 1,660,082 455,996 191,482 52,485

12,266,136 8,885,707 2,307,480 687,300 247,262 138,387

16,046,845 11,496,451 2,841,949 1,180,701 389,044 138,699

17,292,756 12,354,464 3,036,037 1,328,600 421,838 151,817

18,729,590 13,359,679 3,324,812 1,442,786 447,611 154,701

19,992,229 14,030,739 3,678,398 1,646,297 470,505 166,291

4.42 3.25 0.82 0.23 0.09 0.03

4.81 3.48 0.90 0.27 0.10 0.05

4.95 3.55 0.88 0.36 0.12 0.04

4.96 3.55 0.87 0.38 0.12 0.04

5.08 3.63 0.90 0.39 0.12 0.04

5.16 3.62 0.95 0.42 0.12 0.04

Instructional staff services4 ...... Salaries ................................ Employee benefits................ Purchased services.............. Supplies ............................... Other ....................................

8,467,142 5,560,129 1,408,217 622,487 776,863 99,445

10,070,241 6,418,530 1,719,377 925,403 918,189 88,743

14,640,411 8,971,366 2,169,051 1,776,849 1,485,730 237,415

15,926,856 9,790,767 2,356,440 2,003,598 1,566,954 209,097

17,352,980 10,652,512 2,589,581 2,149,541 1,726,440 234,906

18,568,413 11,312,220 2,909,834 2,332,965 1,792,008 221,387

4.19 2.75 0.70 0.31 0.38 0.05

3.95 2.52 0.67 0.36 0.36 0.03

4.52 2.77 0.67 0.55 0.46 0.07

4.57 2.81 0.68 0.58 0.45 0.06

4.71 2.89 0.70 0.58 0.47 0.06

4.79 2.92 0.75 0.60 0.46 0.06

General administration............. Salaries ................................ Employee benefits................ Purchased services.............. Supplies ............................... Other ....................................

5,791,253 2,603,562 777,381 1,482,427 172,898 754,985

5,878,493 2,901,172 828,483 1,626,178 185,831 336,828

6,698,006 3,179,759 938,113 1,941,822 196,205 442,107

7,108,291 3,351,554 1,000,698 2,099,032 206,137 450,870

7,628,348 3,582,391 1,081,521 2,252,100 234,543 477,793

7,960,378 3,680,522 1,166,775 2,384,109 223,696 505,276

2.87 1.29 0.38 0.73 0.09 0.37

2.30 1.14 0.32 0.64 0.07 0.13

2.07 0.98 0.29 0.60 0.06 0.14

2.04 0.96 0.29 0.60 0.06 0.13

2.07 0.97 0.29 0.61 0.06 0.13

2.05 0.95 0.30 0.62 0.06 0.13

School administration............... Salaries ................................ Employee benefits................ Purchased services.............. Supplies ............................... Other ....................................

11,695,344 8,935,903 2,257,783 247,750 189,711 64,197

14,831,159 11,156,460 2,963,991 384,908 256,857 68,943

18,381,292 13,923,730 3,455,390 573,003 337,651 91,519

19,580,890 14,817,213 3,689,689 611,638 369,257 93,093

20,680,699 15,570,737 3,925,820 667,707 406,456 109,978

21,791,580 16,206,443 4,341,364 718,442 416,265 109,066

5.79 4.42 1.12 0.12 0.09 0.03

5.81 4.37 1.16 0.15 0.10 0.03

5.68 4.30 1.07 0.18 0.10 0.03

5.62 4.25 1.06 0.18 0.11 0.03

5.61 4.23 1.07 0.18 0.11 0.03

5.62 4.18 1.12 0.19 0.11 0.03

Operation and maintenance..... Salaries ................................ Employee benefits................ Purchased services.............. Supplies ............................... Other ....................................

21,290,655 8,849,559 2,633,075 5,721,125 3,761,738 325,157

25,724,062 10,454,854 3,129,632 7,698,704 4,214,201 226,670

31,190,295 12,745,457 3,531,423 8,866,099 5,801,242 246,075

34,034,158 13,461,242 3,778,520 9,642,217 6,871,845 280,334

34,829,109 14,118,349 4,062,211 9,415,797 6,915,671 317,081

36,830,517 14,596,762 4,476,354 9,866,874 7,543,937 346,590

10.54 4.38 1.30 2.83 1.86 0.16

10.08 4.10 1.23 3.02 1.65 0.09

9.63 3.94 1.09 2.74 1.79 0.08

9.77 3.86 1.08 2.77 1.97 0.08

9.45 3.83 1.10 2.56 1.88 0.09

9.50 3.77 1.15 2.55 1.95 0.09

Student transportation ............. Salaries ................................ Employee benefits................ Purchased services.............. Supplies ............................... Other ....................................

8,678,954 3,285,127 892,985 3,345,232 961,447 194,163

10,396,426 3,933,969 1,207,961 4,257,805 836,450 160,239

13,007,625 5,061,209 1,464,249 5,331,435 1,034,323 116,410

14,052,654 5,406,092 1,592,127 5,767,462 1,159,350 127,623

14,799,365 5,722,046 1,729,600 6,146,165 1,005,933 195,622

15,647,698 5,974,163 1,905,353 6,450,167 1,130,347 187,668

4.30 1.63 0.44 1.66 0.48 0.10

4.08 1.54 0.47 1.67 0.33 0.06

4.02 1.56 0.45 1.65 0.32 0.04

4.03 1.55 0.46 1.66 0.33 0.04

4.02 1.55 0.47 1.67 0.27 0.05

4.04 1.54 0.49 1.66 0.29 0.05

Other support services5 ........... Salaries ................................ Employee benefits................ Purchased services.............. Supplies ............................... Other ....................................

5,587,837 2,900,394 980,859 798,922 294,527 613,135

7,039,408 3,450,836 1,182,229 1,362,961 398,534 644,849

10,188,917 4,930,099 1,433,054 2,462,775 573,670 789,319

11,439,134 5,521,381 1,594,540 2,783,176 626,889 913,148

12,417,794 5,949,629 1,798,674 2,985,823 703,946 979,722

13,231,082 6,234,410 2,019,058 3,283,907 717,844 975,863

2.77 1.44 0.49 0.40 0.15 0.30

2.76 1.35 0.46 0.53 0.16 0.25

3.15 1.52 0.44 0.76 0.18 0.24

3.28 1.58 0.46 0.80 0.18 0.26

3.37 1.62 0.49 0.81 0.19 0.27

3.41 1.61 0.52 0.85 0.19 0.25

2

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

264 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

Table 160. Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and subfunction: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2002–03—Continued Expenditures (in thousands)

Percentage distribution of current expenditures

1990–91

1995–96

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–021

2002–03

1990–91

1995–96

1999– 2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Food services .......................... Salaries ................................ Employee benefits................ Purchased services.............. Supplies ............................... Other ....................................

8,430,490 — — — — —

10,648,844 3,844,285 1,103,433 627,902 4,916,299 156,924

12,948,807 4,606,262 1,267,921 897,762 6,041,001 135,861

13,816,635 4,966,092 1,381,923 923,091 6,420,201 125,327

14,466,602 5,131,696 1,493,978 1,063,071 6,615,949 161,909

14,930,942 5,325,744 1,636,523 1,155,396 6,641,477 171,801

4.17

4.17 1.51 0.43 0.25 1.93 0.06

4.00 1.42 0.39 0.28 1.87 0.04

3.97 1.43 0.40 0.26 1.84 0.04

3.93 1.39 0.41 0.29 1.80 0.04

3.85 1.37 0.42 0.30 1.71 0.04

Enterprise operations6 ............. Salaries ................................ Employee benefits................ Purchased services.............. Supplies ............................... Other ....................................

946,705 — — — — —

777,937 179,360 44,545 183,288 269,046 101,697

818,172 172,977 35,276 181,666 286,309 141,943

776,463 124,913 23,837 189,230 242,052 196,430

805,133 160,722 33,423 183,664 261,100 166,225

907,921 159,366 56,031 197,885 298,489 196,150

0.47

†

0.30 0.07 0.02 0.07 0.11 0.04

0.25 0.05 0.01 0.06 0.09 0.04

0.22 0.04 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.06

0.22 0.04 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.05

0.23 0.04 0.01 0.05 0.08 0.05

Other current expenditures ..........

3,295,717

4,724,659

5,457,015

6,063,700

6,530,554

6,873,755

†

†

†

†

†

†

Community services ................ Private school programs .......... Adult education ........................ Community colleges................. Other........................................

964,370 527,609 1,365,523 5,356 432,858

1,728,669 781,148 1,500,438 7,746 706,657

2,151,043 961,203 1,715,332 265 629,172

2,426,189 1,026,695 1,838,265 351 772,200

2,642,514 1,108,942 1,977,580 400 801,118

2,695,825 1,161,470 2,005,813 460 1,010,187

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

Capital outlay7 .............................

19,771,478

27,555,667

43,357,186

46,220,704

49,960,542

48,940,374

†

†

†

†

†

†

Interest on school debt ................

4,324,768

6,259,480

9,135,445

10,165,940

10,495,301

11,499,160

†

†

†

†

†

†

Function and subfunction 1

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Data have been revised from previously published figures. 2Includes estimated data for subfunctions of food services and enterprise operations. 3 Includes expenditures for guidance, health, attendance, and speech pathology services. 4 Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers. 5 Includes business support services concerned with paying, transporting, exchanging, and maintaining goods and services for local education agencies; central support services, including planning, research, evaluation, information, staff, and data processing services; and other support services.

6Includes

† † † † †

† † † †

2000–01 2001–021

2002–03

expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time). Includes very small amounts for direct program support made by state education agencies for local school districts. 7Includes expenditures for property, and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors. NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1990–91 through 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 265 Revenues and Expenditures

Table 161. Expenditures for instruction in public elementary and secondary schools, by subfunction and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02 and 2002–03 [In thousands of current dollars] 1

2002–03

2001–02 Total

Salaries

Employee benefits

2

3

4

5

6

United States $226,668,386 $162,552,497 Alabama ............... 2,721,721 1,906,961 Alaska................... 754,660 503,771 Arizona ................. 3,226,029 2,310,944 Arkansas............... 1,739,445 1,248,407 California .............. 28,566,063 20,161,156

$41,969,103 524,272 141,151 584,676 271,819 5,078,524

$6,629,625 72,255 41,823 91,538 51,528 990,457

$11,226,470 205,477 42,355 155,222 153,262 1,808,867

State or jurisdiction 1

Purchased services2

Supplies

Tuition and other

Salaries

Employee benefits

Total

Purchased services2

Supplies

Tuition and other

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

$4,290,690 $237,731,734 $168,828,934 12,756 2,818,526 1,979,767 25,560 771,237 518,112 83,649 3,530,858 2,506,569 14,428 1,786,323 1,282,075 527,059 29,170,269 20,548,956

$45,947,180 530,508 143,069 671,154 280,711 5,596,635

$7,289,623 74,940 45,372 101,526 50,660 850,615

$11,294,271 219,288 41,992 163,709 157,189 1,555,769

$4,371,726 14,025 22,691 87,900 15,688 618,294

Colorado ............... Connecticut........... Delaware............... District of Columbia ........ Florida...................

2,976,088 3,861,634 660,857

2,212,800 2,688,389 461,208

401,087 710,126 147,587

59,358 113,563 14,485

215,204 109,498 31,999

87,640 240,058 5,578

3,180,392 4,019,659 693,970

2,364,954 2,783,320 473,465

443,785 743,765 160,279

62,450 124,293 13,161

220,620 109,335 31,708

88,583 258,945 15,356

452,905 9,161,962

278,597 6,185,610

57,993 1,570,906

12,056 852,447

14,411 449,711

89,847 103,289

473,414 9,616,720

279,891 6,451,460

87,079 1,622,841

11,831 951,541

14,141 479,965

80,471 110,913

Georgia................. Hawaii ................... Idaho..................... Illinois.................... Indiana..................

6,932,058 815,123 905,333 9,804,430 4,689,264

4,996,620 606,089 647,036 7,179,384 3,185,211

1,501,223 116,918 189,961 1,753,331 1,300,424

86,065 40,859 21,628 237,189 55,188

338,463 44,520 45,820 398,435 136,730

9,686 6,737 888 236,091 11,710

7,367,694 888,473 924,975 10,320,227 4,951,003

5,343,778 628,259 657,590 7,507,171 3,261,483

1,535,410 174,755 195,701 1,925,826 1,442,278

108,902 28,228 22,616 239,329 57,031

368,600 44,225 48,144 396,136 178,136

11,003 13,007 924 251,765 12,075

Iowa ...................... Kansas.................. Kentucky ............... Louisiana .............. Maine....................

2,124,947 2,017,178 2,619,607 2,935,369 1,208,176

1,567,105 1,542,165 1,944,855 2,134,350 773,644

412,866 301,058 474,432 567,983 278,684

56,731 50,498 57,435 50,774 46,334

70,946 105,728 124,003 161,356 40,424

17,299 17,729 18,883 20,906 69,090

2,174,018 2,078,415 2,686,505 3,069,994 1,281,073

1,582,285 1,571,521 2,010,083 2,207,461 808,446

444,273 322,489 494,189 620,927 307,685

56,911 57,397 49,081 57,199 51,388

71,025 107,427 119,368 164,083 40,457

19,523 19,582 13,784 20,324 73,096

Maryland............... Massachusetts...... Michigan ............... Minnesota ............. Mississippi ............

4,653,921 6,340,143 8,598,644 4,192,309 1,591,250

3,245,682 4,560,139 5,835,163 3,057,800 1,160,486

959,420 1,287,164 2,071,915 794,641 296,876

99,238 39,331 331,543 144,011 32,928

143,662 170,933 331,522 138,752 91,121

205,918 282,575 28,502 57,105 9,839

4,934,017 6,542,762 8,929,871 4,404,702 1,707,391

3,409,666 4,590,788 5,978,301 3,180,600 1,229,621

1,055,203 1,451,904 2,251,300 852,050 317,134

107,728 36,314 338,487 156,024 41,021

142,771 157,385 325,071 158,353 107,961

218,649 306,371 36,711 57,675 11,654

Missouri ................ Montana................ Nebraska .............. Nevada ................. New Hampshire ....

3,954,284 664,569 1,390,961 1,353,806 1,064,917

2,906,364 466,792 1,011,425 943,619 720,425

602,773 124,993 253,035 269,142 198,166

96,340 20,057 43,080 20,012 25,912

303,734 49,816 53,946 57,553 35,219

45,073 2,911 29,475 63,480 85,194

4,142,285 690,810 1,470,002 1,408,570 1,156,573

3,020,805 479,486 1,062,668 959,395 770,344

655,388 131,610 278,989 292,228 221,417

108,336 21,893 48,874 23,572 31,783

308,578 54,103 49,655 66,601 36,377

49,178 3,718 29,816 66,773 96,652

New Jersey ........... New Mexico .......... New York............... North Carolina ...... North Dakota ........

9,358,608 1,232,319 22,001,202 5,412,927 436,583

6,561,117 900,683 16,187,038 4,166,642 312,980

1,657,406 226,485 4,336,324 845,599 85,483

180,432 23,864 511,848 108,137 13,968

390,138 81,084 600,033 287,602 21,166

569,515 203 365,959 4,948 2,986

10,152,232 1,266,008 23,721,563 5,574,861 427,511

6,882,187 919,979 16,980,488 4,307,889 301,152

2,047,112 241,945 4,973,883 805,555 87,473

242,964 26,219 893,203 117,705 13,572

380,087 77,540 665,614 338,096 22,345

599,882 325 208,375 5,617 2,970

Ohio ...................... Oklahoma ............. Oregon.................. Pennsylvania......... Rhode Island ........

8,574,310 2,239,893 2,476,323 9,686,763 989,404

6,040,867 1,649,563 1,607,688 6,989,250 699,724

1,664,159 372,594 641,755 1,709,369 208,256

252,253 34,381 88,641 431,952 8,360

404,638 176,404 111,515 391,727 27,850

212,393 6,951 26,725 164,465 45,214

9,110,815 2,203,126 2,458,745 10,095,432 1,064,304

6,342,858 1,602,392 1,567,870 7,176,001 739,961

1,867,422 404,457 645,630 1,857,297 234,364

269,331 32,428 95,924 480,109 8,146

397,876 157,301 121,848 404,584 23,401

233,328 6,549 27,473 177,441 58,432

South Carolina...... South Dakota ........ Tennessee ............ Texas .................... Utah ......................

2,857,016 484,985 3,586,667 17,026,101 1,549,329

2,066,479 344,562 2,552,496 13,092,101 1,056,617

561,695 84,666 539,927 1,897,474 357,775

60,996 21,134 53,367 496,721 29,649

139,043 27,269 359,525 1,360,149 96,067

28,803 7,354 81,352 179,657 9,221

2,915,986 498,922 3,647,986 18,347,986 1,518,242

2,093,030 349,991 2,610,771 14,088,723 1,041,674

575,609 90,500 587,124 2,137,116 368,343

70,932 21,841 53,374 535,880 27,676

149,800 28,890 382,532 1,398,826 74,741

26,615 7,700 14,184 187,441 5,807

Vermont ................ Virginia.................. Washington........... West Virginia......... Wisconsin ............. Wyoming............... Other jurisdictions American Samoa ........ Guam ................ Northern Marianas ..... Puerto Rico....... Virgin Islands ....

638,802 5,373,764 4,227,668 1,368,692 4,705,538 463,839

418,565 4,030,346 3,063,890 907,246 3,143,174 319,269

117,522 993,472 718,834 379,804 1,227,904 99,457

33,396 107,505 200,853 21,183 77,197 19,121

20,831 234,306 205,022 59,898 178,714 24,803

48,487 8,135 39,068 560 78,548 1,188

671,163 5,661,332 4,381,186 1,444,689 4,904,809 474,108

436,793 4,218,653 3,234,041 949,554 3,212,515 324,091

127,245 1,065,839 699,110 416,838 1,360,394 103,342

35,179 110,321 207,742 22,805 77,351 18,416

19,998 260,582 199,704 54,824 170,732 26,777

51,946 5,937 40,589 669 83,818 1,482

21,887 —

14,048 —

2,716 —

2,370 —

2,172 —

582 —

24,662 —

15,725 —

3,040 —

2,858 —

2,253 —

785 —

38,687 1,514,026 67,985

28,042 1,244,372 51,820

7,555 173,270 14,689

1,847 3,105 138

833 25,177 1,270

410 68,101 68

43,548 1,876,195 81,742

30,217 1,430,330 63,994

7,986 214,335 16,143

2,505 6,665 164

2,840 24,985 1,380

0 199,880 60

—Not available. 1Data have been revised from previously published figures. 2Includes purchased professional services of teachers or others who provide instruction for students and travel for instructional staff.

NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 2001–02 and 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

266 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

Table 162. Total and current expenditure per pupil in public elementary and secondary schools: Selected years, 1919–20 through 2002–03 Expenditure per pupil in fall enrollment1

Expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance Constant 2004–05 dollars2

Unadjusted dollars

School year

Total expenditure3

1

Current expenditure

Total expenditure3

Constant 2004–05 dollars2

Unadjusted dollars

Current expenditure

Total expenditure3

Current expenditure

Total expenditure3

Annual percent Current change in current expenditure expenditure

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1919–20.................................... 1929–30.................................... 1931–32.................................... 1933–34.................................... 1935–36....................................

$64 108 97 76 88

$53 87 81 67 74

$643 1,215 1,288 1,103 1,227

$536 971 1,078 977 1,036

$48 90 82 65 74

$40 72 69 57 63

$481 1,006 1,090 937 1,038

$401 804 913 830 877

— — — — —

1937–38.................................... 1939–40.................................... 1941–42.................................... 1943–44.................................... 1945–46....................................

100 106 110 125 146

84 88 98 117 136

1,334 1,450 1,353 1,372 1,533

1,122 1,208 1,209 1,287 1,433

86 92 94 105 124

72 76 84 99 116

1,145 1,257 1,158 1,156 1,306

963 1,047 1,035 1,084 1,221

— — — — —

1947–48.................................... 1949–50.................................... 1951–52.................................... 1953–54.................................... 1955–56....................................

205 260 314 351 387

181 210 246 265 294

1,685 2,107 2,294 2,502 2,760

1,493 1,703 1,794 1,888 2,098

179 231 275 312 354

158 187 215 236 269

1,472 1,870 2,008 2,225 2,523

1,304 1,511 1,571 1,679 1,918

— — — — —

1957–58.................................... 1959–60.................................... 1961–62.................................... 1963–64.................................... 1965–66....................................

447 471 517 559 654

341 375 419 460 538

3,003 3,073 3,298 3,472 3,928

2,290 2,447 2,672 2,861 3,230

408 440 485 520 607

311 350 393 428 499

2,739 2,871 3,095 3,232 3,647

2,088 2,286 2,507 2,663 2,999

— — — — —

1967–68.................................... 1969–70.................................... 1970–71.................................... 1971–72.................................... 1972–73....................................

786 955 1,049 1,128 1,211

658 816 911 990 1,077

4,433 4,846 5,064 5,254 5,421

3,711 4,141 4,397 4,610 4,822

732 879 970 1,034 1,117

612 751 842 908 993

4,124 4,462 4,682 4,818 5,000

3,452 3,812 4,065 4,228 4,448

— — 6.6 4.0 5.2

1973–74.................................... 1974–75.................................... 1975–76.................................... 1976–77.................................... 1977–78....................................

1,364 1,545 1,697 1,816 2,002

1,207 1,365 1,504 1,638 1,823

5,607 5,717 5,867 5,932 6,128

4,963 5,050 5,197 5,348 5,579

1,244 1,423 1,563 1,674 1,842

1,101 1,257 1,385 1,509 1,677

5,113 5,267 5,402 5,466 5,637

4,526 4,653 4,786 4,928 5,131

1.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 4.1

1978–79.................................... 1979–80.................................... 1980–81.................................... 1981–82.................................... 1982–83....................................

2,210 2,491 4 2,742 4 2,973 4 3,203

2,020 2,272 2,502 2,726 2,955

6,184 6,150 4 6,068 4 6,057 4 6,256

5,654 5,610 5,536 5,552 5,772

2,029 2,290 4 2,529 4 2,754 4 2,966

1,855 2,088 2,307 2,525 2,736

5,679 5,654 4 5,597 4 5,610 4 5,793

5,192 5,157 5,106 5,143 5,344

1.2 -0.7 -1.0 0.7 3.9

1983–84.................................... 1984–85.................................... 1985–86.................................... 1986–87.................................... 1987–88....................................

4 4 4 4 4

3,471 3,722 4,020 4,308 4,654

3,173 3,470 3,756 3,970 4,240

4 6,538 4 6,746 4 7,081 4 7,424 4

7,701

5,976 6,290 6,616 6,842 7,016

4 3,216 4 3,456 4 3,724 4 3,995 4

4,310

2,940 3,222 3,479 3,682 3,927

4 4 4 4 4

6,056 6,263 6,561 6,884 7,132

5,537 5,840 6,129 6,345 6,498

3.6 5.5 5.0 3.5 2.4

1988–89.................................... 1989–90.................................... 1990–91.................................... 1991–92.................................... 1992–93....................................

5,109 5,550 5,885 6,074 6,281

4,645 4,980 5,258 5,421 5,584

8,081 8,379 8,424 8,425 8,448

7,347 7,518 7,526 7,519 7,510

4,738 5,174 5,486 5,629 5,804

4,307 4,643 4,902 5,023 5,160

7,494 7,812 7,853 7,807 7,807

6,813 7,009 7,017 6,967 6,939

4.8 2.9 0.1 -0.7 -0.4

1993–94.................................... 1994–95.................................... 1995–96.................................... 1996–97.................................... 1997–98....................................

6,492 6,725 6,962 7,300 7,703

5,767 5,989 6,147 6,393 6,676

8,511 8,571 8,638 8,806 9,130

7,561 7,633 7,627 7,712 7,912

5,996 6,208 6,443 6,764 7,142

5,327 5,529 5,689 5,923 6,189

7,861 7,912 7,994 8,159 8,464

6,984 7,046 7,059 7,145 7,335

0.6 0.9 0.2 1.2 2.7

1998–99.................................... 1999–2000................................ 2000–01.................................... 2001–02.................................... 2002–03....................................

8,118 8,592 9,183 9,614 9,941

7,013 7,394 7,904 8,259 8,600

9,458 9,729 10,054 10,342 10,464

8,170 8,372 8,653 8,884 9,053

7,533 8,033 8,575 8,996 9,299

6,508 6,912 7,380 7,727 8,044

8,776 9,095 9,387 9,677 9,788

7,582 7,827 8,080 8,313 8,468

3.4 3.2 3.2 2.9 1.9

—Not available. 1 Data for 1919–20 to 1953–54 are based on school-year enrollment. 2 Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. 3Excludes “Other current expenditures,” such as community services, private school programs, adult education, and other programs not allocable to expenditures per student at public schools. 4Estimated. NOTE: Beginning in 1980–81, state administration expenditures are excluded from both “total” and “current” expenditures. Current expenditures include instruction, student support

services, food services, and enterprise operations. Total expenditures include current expenditures, capital outlay, and interest on debt. Beginning in 1988–89, extensive changes were made in the data collection procedures. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1955–56; Statistics of State School Systems, 1957–58 through 1969–70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970–71 through 1986–87; Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1987–88 through 2002–03. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 267 Revenues and Expenditures

Table 163. Public school pupils transported at public expense and current expenditures for transportation: Selected years, 1929–30 through 2002–03

School year 1

Pupils transported at public expense

Average daily attendance, all students

Number

Expenditures for transportation (in current dollars)

Percent of total

Total2 (in thousands)

Expenditures for transportation (in constant 2004–05 dollars)1

Average per pupil transported

Total2 (in thousands)

Average per pupil transported

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1929–30..................................... 1931–32..................................... 1933–34..................................... 1935–36..................................... 1937–38.....................................

21,265,000 22,245,000 22,458,000 22,299,000 22,298,000

1,902,826 2,419,173 2,794,724 3,250,658 3,769,242

8.9 10.9 12.4 14.6 16.9

$54,823 58,078 53,908 62,653 75,637

$29 24 19 19 20

$613,959 772,219 780,375 873,969 1,012,147

$323 319 279 269 269

1939–40..................................... 1941–42..................................... 1943–44..................................... 1945–46..................................... 1947–48.....................................

22,042,000 21,031,000 19,603,000 19,849,000 20,910,000

4,144,161 4,503,081 4,512,412 5,056,966 5,854,041

18.8 21.4 23.0 25.5 28.0

83,283 92,922 107,754 129,756 176,265

20 21 24 26 30

1,142,375 1,142,407 1,185,399 1,363,512 1,450,154

276 254 263 270 248

1949–50..................................... 1951–52..................................... 1953–54..................................... 1955–56..................................... 1957–58.....................................

22,284,000 23,257,000 25,643,871 27,740,149 29,722,275

6,947,384 7,697,130 8,411,719 9,695,819 10,861,689

31.2 33.1 32.8 35.0 36.5

214,504 268,827 307,437 353,972 416,491

31 35 37 37 38

1,736,212 1,960,658 2,191,478 2,524,034 2,795,644

250 255 261 260 257

1959–60..................................... 1961–62..................................... 1963–64..................................... 1965–66..................................... 1967–68.....................................

32,477,440 34,682,340 37,405,058 39,154,497 40,827,965

12,225,142 13,222,667 14,475,778 15,536,567 17,130,873

37.6 38.1 38.7 39.7 42.0

486,338 576,361 673,845 787,358 981,006

40 44 47 51 57

3,172,825 3,675,687 4,188,143 4,730,169 5,529,611

260 278 289 304 323

1969–70..................................... 1971–72..................................... 1973–74..................................... 1975–76..................................... 1977–78.....................................

41,934,376 42,254,272 41,438,054 41,269,720 40,079,590

18,198,577 19,474,355 21,347,039 21,772,483 3 21,800,000

43.4 46.1 51.5 52.8 54.4

1,218,557 1,507,830 1,858,141 2,377,313 2,731,041

67 77 87 109 3 125

6,183,657 7,024,033 7,639,480 8,217,243 8,358,512

340 361 358 377 3 383

1979–80..................................... 1980–81..................................... 1981–82..................................... 1982–83..................................... 1983–84.....................................

38,288,911 37,703,744 37,094,652 36,635,868 36,362,978

21,713,515

56.7 59.1 60.0 60.6 60.6

1984–85..................................... 1985–86..................................... 1986–87..................................... 1987–88..................................... 1988–89.....................................

36,404,261 36,523,103 36,863,867 37,050,707 37,268,072

3 22,320,000

1989–90..................................... 1990–91..................................... 1991–92..................................... 1992–93..................................... 1993–94.....................................

37,799,296 38,426,543 38,960,783 39,570,462 40,146,393

3 22,459,000

1994–95..................................... 1995–96..................................... 1996–97..................................... 1997–98..................................... 1998–99.....................................

40,720,763 41,501,596 42,262,004 42,765,774 43,186,715

3

1999–2000................................. 2000–01..................................... 2001–02..................................... 2002–03.....................................

43,806,726 44,075,930 44,604,592 45,067,990

1Constant

3 22,272,000 3

22,246,000 22,199,000 3 22,031,000 3

3 22,041,000 3 22,397,000 3

22,158,000 3 22,635,000

61.3 60.3 60.8 59.8 60.7

3,833,145 4,408,000 3 4,793,000 3 5,000,000 3 5,284,000

3

3

177

9,464,831 9,754,000 3 9,763,000 3 9,765,000 3 9,952,000

3 198

3

3

215 225 3 240 3

436 3 438 3

439 440 3 452 3

5,722,000

3

3 10,371,000

3 465

3 6,123,000

3

3 10,786,000

3 489

3 11,290,000

3 504

3

3

3 6,551,000 3

6,888,000 3 7,550,000

256 278 3 292 3 311 3 334

11,398,000 3 11,942,000

3

514 528

59.4 57.3 59.5 59.2 59.4

8,030,990 8,678,954 8,769,754 9,252,300 9,627,155

3

358 394 3 379 3 395 3 404

12,124,249 12,423,263 12,163,490 12,444,076 12,621,300

3 540

23,693,000 24,155,000 3 24,090,000 3 24,342,000 3 24,898,000

58.2 58.2 57.0 56.9 57.7

9,889,034 10,396,426 10,989,809 11,465,658 12,224,454

3

417 430 3 456 3 471 3 491

12,603,376 12,899,104 13,257,095 13,588,771 14,241,532

3

3

57.0 55.5 55.0 55.8

13,007,625 14,052,654 14,799,365 15,647,698

3

14,728,739 15,384,948 15,920,580 16,471,207

3

3 22,000,000 3 23,165,000 3

23,439,000 3 23,858,000 3

24,951,000 24,471,000 4 24,550,000 4 25,168,000 3

dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. 2 Excludes capital outlay for years through 1979–80, and 1989–90 to the latest year. From 1980–81 to 1988–89 total transportation figures include capital outlay. 3 Estimate based on data appearing in January issues of School Bus Fleet. 4 Estimate based on data reported by School Transportation News. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

3

3

521 574 4 603 4 622 3

3 565 3 525 3 3

531 529

532 534 3 550 3 558 3 572 3

590 629 4 648 4 654 3

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems, 1929–30 through 1975–76; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1977–78 and 1979–80; Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1987–88 through 2002–03; Bobit Publishing Co., School Bus Fleet, “School Transportation: 2000–2001 School Year”; School Transportation News, “K–12 Enrollment/Transportation Data,” 2001–02, 2002–03, and 2003–04; and unpublished data. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Current expenditures, capital expenditures, and interest on school debt Current expenditures Student services State or jurisdiction 1

Instructional General School Operation and Student Other support staff5 administration administration maintenance transportation services

Total1

Total

Instruction

Total

Students4

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Food services

Enterprise operations3

Capital outlay2

Interest on school debt

12

13

14

15

16

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

United States .............

$9,299

$8,044

$4,934

$2,782

$415

$385

$165

$452

$764

$325

$275

$310

$19

$1,016

$239

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

7,031 11,896 7,474 7,275 8,740

6,300 9,870 6,282 6,482 7,552

3,812 5,740 3,765 3,961 4,591

2,058 3,798 2,221 2,196 2,678

301 486 328 289 339

257 627 159 334 493

172 157 103 210 68

387 564 313 365 515

551 1,262 693 601 720

270 389 213 230 181

121 313 410 166 362

430 285 296 325 272

0 47 0 0 11

588 1,843 908 638 1,100

144 183 283 155 88

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

8,846 12,653 11,382 14,419 7,773

7,384 11,057 9,693 11,847 6,439

4,230 7,052 5,965 6,216 3,786

2,900 3,612 3,276 5,331 2,338

324 612 461 1,087 327

358 382 130 1,202 395

106 229 109 320 73

502 609 540 473 388

684 996 913 1,320 687

220 519 540 626 269

706 264 584 303 200

228 297 452 300 315

26 97 0 0 0

1,098 1,348 1,538 2,573 1,149

365 248 151 0 185

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

9,041 8,745 6,978 9,851 9,587

7,774 8,100 6,081 8,287 8,057

4,925 4,833 3,721 4,952 4,932

2,459 2,839 2,098 3,068 2,797

352 882 344 512 356

417 480 283 333 263

104 51 140 292 146

477 524 349 442 456

570 579 579 832 871

292 138 279 402 447

247 186 124 254 257

383 428 262 268 329

7 0 0 0 0

1,145 349 752 1,309 838

122 296 144 255 692

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

8,659 8,268 7,012 7,638 10,288

7,574 7,454 6,661 6,922 9,344

4,508 4,413 4,066 4,203 6,269

2,511 2,697 2,233 2,291 2,774

482 420 269 293 315

341 339 329 321 294

212 265 192 164 213

408 449 382 374 500

635 741 561 635 886

233 295 323 355 402

200 187 177 148 163

335 345 362 428 300

219 0 0 0 0

952 531 202 563 728

133 283 148 153 216

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

10,051 11,045 10,593 9,907 6,356

9,153 10,460 8,781 8,109 5,792

5,693 6,656 5,002 5,201 3,466

3,042 3,486 3,509 2,536 1,966

356 626 599 272 252

531 500 436 442 261

82 192 198 211 192

599 457 588 309 325

788 957 920 615 579

451 438 361 440 249

234 316 408 246 109

270 318 269 339 359

149 0 0 32 1

793 277 1,437 1,376 427

106 307 375 422 137

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

8,600 8,100 9,371 8,110 9,802

7,495 7,496 8,074 6,092 8,579

4,570 4,606 5,151 3,812 5,569

2,602 2,583 2,360 2,080 2,746

368 359 338 226 567

336 289 269 255 260

230 236 284 111 293

443 414 415 419 482

731 757 682 608 705

355 327 214 226 375

138 201 158 235 63

324 296 316 200 264

0 11 247 0 0

847 525 1,106 1,562 1,035

258 79 191 456 188

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

13,884 8,469 13,316 7,529 7,721

12,568 7,125 11,961 6,562 6,870

7,424 3,953 8,213 4,173 4,102

4,757 2,842 3,459 2,023 2,230

1,137 722 385 336 275

427 330 325 230 210

349 221 252 127 332

652 438 495 416 342

1,242 689 1,029 513 610

695 320 588 237 315

254 122 384 164 146

292 325 290 366 327

95 4 0 0 211

1,105 1,230 1,100 756 767

211 115 255 210 85

See notes at end of table.

268 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

Table 164. Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03

Table 164. Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03—Continued Current expenditures, capital expenditures, and interest on school debt Current expenditures Student services State or jurisdiction 1

Total1

Total

Instruction

Total

Students4

Instructional General School Operation and Student Other support staff5 administration administration maintenance transportation services

Food services

Enterprise operations3

Capital outlay2

Interest on school debt

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

10,096 6,611 8,921 10,445 10,731

8,632 6,092 7,491 8,997 10,349

4,956 3,528 4,438 5,557 6,685

3,390 2,160 2,798 3,088 3,396

514 395 500 436 826

544 197 292 335 432

243 170 110 271 141

525 328 482 398 532

803 676 618 920 811

384 196 329 444 408

378 199 468 283 246

285 334 253 315 267

1 69 2 36 0

1,274 436 1,093 1,039 199

190 84 336 410 184

South Carolina.................... South Dakota...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

8,577 7,656 6,962 8,598 5,969

7,040 6,547 6,118 7,136 4,838

4,199 3,836 3,933 4,307 3,103

2,464 2,361 1,885 2,469 1,461

476 363 216 347 180

452 332 333 404 229

89 231 124 116 54

414 338 325 392 295

628 635 582 757 446

219 213 213 193 151

186 249 92 259 106

351 332 300 360 258

25 17 0 0 16

1,262 942 691 1,118 950

276 167 153 343 181

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

11,075 8,854 8,755 8,936 10,347 10,313

10,454 7,822 7,252 8,319 9,004 8,985

6,713 4,809 4,317 5,115 5,566 5,381

3,458 2,705 2,582 2,742 3,149 3,317

742 376 506 287 410 526

380 489 328 230 468 447

268 118 166 226 244 203

719 463 345 467 466 511

809 771 719 857 802 935

330 369 280 557 350 382

209 119 238 118 409 314

275 306 237 463 289 286

8 2 116 0 0 1

466 908 1,184 580 775 1,252

154 124 319 37 568 76

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ........... Guam ............................. Northern Marianas......... Puerto Rico.................... Virgin Islands .................

3,225 — 4,555 4,324 7,163

2,976 — 4,519 4,260 6,840

1,543 — 3,871 3,145 4,459

893 — 437 606 2,168

127 — 58 87 385

184 — 14 76 215

39 — 307 25 332

140 — 0 0 388

283 — 0 220 486

40 — 9 95 239

79 — 48 103 123

540 — 211 509 171

0 — 0 0 42

249 — 36 32 323

0 — 0 31 0

—Not available. 1 Excludes “Other current expenditures,” such as community services, private school programs, adult education, and other programs not allocable to expenditures per pupil in public schools. 2Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors. 3 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time). 4Includes expenditures for health, attendance, and speech pathology services.

5Includes

expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers. NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. “0” indicates none or less than $0.50. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 2002–03. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 269 Revenues and Expenditures

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

Current expenditures, capital expenditures, and interest on school debt Current expenditures Student services State or jurisdiction 1

Instructional General School Operation and Student Other support staff5 administration administration maintenance transportation services

Total1

Total

Instruction

Total

Students 4

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Food services

Enterprise operations3

Capital outlay 2

Interest on school debt

12

13

14

15

16

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

United States .............

$8,996

$7,727

$4,755

$2,652

$393

$364

$160

$434

$731

$310

$260

$303

$17

$1,048

$220

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

6,843 11,382 7,120 7,005 8,556

6,029 9,563 5,851 6,276 7,405

3,692 5,617 3,498 3,867 4,572

1,920 3,627 2,074 2,088 2,555

277 479 312 290 320

232 542 154 280 451

153 155 99 218 66

373 544 308 355 492

517 1,230 658 581 698

255 370 201 221 177

112 306 342 143 351

417 275 279 321 269

0 44 0 0 10

676 1,612 1,018 583 1,078

138 207 251 146 73

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

8,336 12,104 10,834 15,489 7,588

6,941 10,577 9,284 12,102 6,213

4,010 6,772 5,719 6,007 3,664

2,683 3,425 3,132 5,726 2,240

287 575 441 1,148 316

311 377 135 1,304 378

101 205 99 326 70

457 583 547 533 374

656 941 868 1,333 651

208 489 512 722 256

662 255 530 360 196

223 286 433 369 309

25 93 0 0 0

1,055 1,293 1,418 3,386 1,201

340 235 132 0 174

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

8,623 7,787 6,851 9,573 9,257

7,380 7,306 6,011 7,956 7,734

4,714 4,417 3,672 4,733 4,707

2,287 2,481 2,079 2,964 2,710

338 402 336 495 343

375 307 260 322 253

96 400 140 274 143

442 436 350 423 438

561 621 583 799 826

272 125 273 382 423

203 190 136 270 284

372 409 259 259 317

7 0 0 0 0

1,129 262 699 1,392 859

114 218 141 224 663

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

8,405 8,143 6,900 7,317 9,692

7,338 7,339 6,523 6,567 8,818

4,373 4,290 4,003 4,014 5,877

2,432 2,707 2,160 2,136 2,646

480 436 256 273 290

351 355 316 297 277

206 266 192 152 179

392 447 369 359 479

590 732 548 579 862

220 286 326 332 401

193 184 154 145 158

325 342 360 417 295

208 0 0 0 0

945 533 243 607 680

122 270 134 143 195

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

9,903 10,813 10,431 9,697 5,890

8,692 10,232 8,653 7,736 5,354

5,408 6,515 4,968 4,924 3,224

2,872 3,399 3,419 2,467 1,781

366 591 572 271 230

455 472 423 456 230

76 191 202 204 178

568 445 572 307 305

752 952 889 570 513

425 431 350 428 228

231 317 410 231 98

264 318 266 331 348

148 0 0 15 1

1,108 295 1,407 1,529 404

102 285 371 432 132

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

8,283 7,625 9,148 8,162 9,007

7,136 7,062 7,741 6,079 7,935

4,346 4,374 4,879 3,794 5,148

2,472 2,393 2,313 2,086 2,534

341 344 338 224 525

326 267 276 234 241

216 217 292 100 265

427 380 390 425 447

693 709 661 615 656

334 306 205 237 346

135 170 151 251 54

317 283 304 199 253

0 12 244 0 0

912 478 1,222 1,697 903

236 85 185 386 168

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

12,959 8,170 12,498 7,610 7,319

11,793 6,882 11,218 6,495 6,709

6,975 3,848 7,660 4,115 4,117

4,454 2,716 3,256 2,010 2,073

1,020 693 363 350 249

415 317 313 223 194

328 195 234 131 315

617 408 475 430 319

1,153 670 970 491 558

671 317 553 226 299

249 117 348 158 140

286 314 302 370 316

78 4 0 0 202

969 1,174 1,059 935 542

197 113 221 180 68

See notes at end of table.

270 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

Table 165. Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02

Table 165. Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary education, by function and state or jurisdiction: 2001–02—Continued Current expenditures, capital expenditures, and interest on school debt Current expenditures Student services State or jurisdiction 1

Total1

Total

Instruction

Total

Students 4

Instructional General School Operation and Student Other support staff5 administration administration maintenance transportation services

Food services

Enterprise operations3

Capital outlay 2

Interest on school debt

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

9,423 6,779 8,951 10,024 10,049

8,069 6,229 7,642 8,537 9,703

4,683 3,600 4,490 5,318 6,260

3,109 2,223 2,896 2,894 3,186

452 395 523 412 789

509 202 325 315 405

220 182 111 261 125

484 337 494 379 497

736 695 650 847 785

359 201 326 422 374

349 210 467 258 210

276 339 254 307 257

1 67 2 18 0

1,170 476 1,010 1,087 172

185 73 299 400 175

South Carolina.................... South Dakota...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

8,627 7,769 6,973 8,404 5,942

7,017 6,424 5,948 6,771 4,900

4,225 3,803 3,878 4,089 3,197

2,411 2,273 1,778 2,343 1,435

465 348 205 330 181

418 302 318 389 213

89 225 115 115 53

422 331 307 374 291

617 609 551 728 448

218 213 202 178 146

182 245 80 229 102

358 329 291 339 253

23 19 0 0 15

1,403 1,176 831 1,297 880

206 169 195 336 163

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

10,603 8,612 8,374 8,585 9,919 9,784

9,806 7,496 7,039 7,844 8,634 8,645

6,314 4,620 4,189 4,838 5,351 5,263

3,217 2,583 2,508 2,549 3,005 3,096

698 354 488 270 403 517

339 472 324 218 441 368

245 128 162 210 232 178

661 441 334 434 448 494

756 728 701 793 766 889

320 347 269 517 340 361

198 113 230 107 375 289

267 291 233 457 277 278

9 2 109 0 0 7

649 969 1,038 701 958 1,050

148 147 296 39 327 89

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ............ Guam .............................. Northern Marianas.......... Puerto Rico..................... Virgin Islands ..................

3,306 — 5,616 3,600 6,024

2,906 — 4,438 3,563 5,716

1,377 — 3,692 2,506 3,620

845 — 501 694 1,870

130 — 46 91 332

193 — 4 52 169

36 — 434 15 279

123 — 0 0 321

251 — 0 357 434

38 — 6 70 233

75 — 12 110 103

683 — 245 363 181

0 — 0 0 45

400 — 1,178 6 308

0 — 0 31 0

—Not available. 1 Excludes “Other current expenditures,” such as community services, private school programs, adult education, and other programs not allocable to expenditures per pupil in public schools. 2Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors. 3 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time). 4Includes expenditures for health, attendance, and speech pathology services.

5Includes

expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers. NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. “0” indicates none or less than $0.50. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 2001–02. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 271 Revenues and Expenditures

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

In constant 2004–05 dollars1

Unadjusted dollars State or jurisdiction

1969– 1979– 1980– 1989– 1990– 1994– 1995– 1996– 1997– 1998– 1999– 2000– 2001– 2002– 1969– 1979– 1980– 1989– 1990– 1994– 1995– 1996– 1997– 1998– 1999– 2000– 2001– 70 80 81 90 91 95 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02 03 70 80 81 90 91 95 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02

1

2 United States .......

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

2002– 03 29

$751 $2,088 $2,307 $4,643 $4,902 $5,529 $5,689 $5,923 $6,189 $6,508 $6,912 $7,380 $7,727 $8,044 $3,812 $5,157 $5,106 $7,009 $7,017 $7,046 $7,059 $7,145 $7,335 $7,582 $7,827 $8,080 $8,313 $8,468

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Alabama ....................... Alaska........................... Arizona ......................... Arkansas....................... California ......................

512 1,059 674 511 833

1,520 4,267 1,865 1,472 2,227

1,836 5,506 2,093 1,585 2,438

3,144 7,577 3,717 3,229 4,502

3,429 7,502 3,860 3,461 4,595

4,109 8,033 4,264 4,186 4,799

4,343 8,189 4,476 4,401 4,937

4,595 8,231 4,413 4,535 5,260

4,849 8,271 4,595 4,708 5,644

5,188 8,404 4,672 4,956 5,801

Colorado ....................... Connecticut................... Delaware....................... District of Columbia ...... Florida...........................

686 911 833 947 683

2,258 2,167 2,587 2,811 1,834

2,509 2,711 2,721 2,950 2,209

4,357 7,463 5,326 7,872 4,597

4,603 7,547 5,458 8,029 4,859

5,047 8,380 6,502 8,290 5,220

5,121 8,430 6,696 8,510 5,275

5,312 8,580 7,135 8,048 5,360

5,656 8,901 7,420 8,393 5,552

5,923 6,215 6,567 6,941 7,384 9,318 9,753 10,127 10,577 11,057 7,706 8,310 8,958 9,284 9,693 9,650 10,107 12,046 12,102 11,847 5,790 5,831 6,170 6,213 6,439

3,481 4,622 4,230 4,805 3,464

5,575 5,351 6,387 6,942 4,529

5,552 6,577 6,588 6,433 6,353 6,408 6,704 6,900 7,038 7,190 7,467 7,772 6,000 11,266 10,803 10,681 10,459 10,350 10,550 10,856 11,043 11,087 11,378 11,639 6,020 8,041 7,813 8,286 8,308 8,606 8,794 8,977 9,409 9,807 9,988 10,204 6,528 11,884 11,493 10,566 10,558 9,708 9,947 11,242 11,444 13,188 13,019 12,470 4,889 6,940 6,955 6,652 6,545 6,466 6,580 6,745 6,603 6,755 6,684 6,778

Georgia......................... Hawaii ........................... Idaho............................. Illinois............................ Indiana..........................

539 792 573 816 661

1,491 2,086 1,548 2,241 1,708

1,580 2,393 1,736 2,406 1,798

4,000 4,130 2,921 4,521 4,270

4,171 4,820 3,206 4,904 4,588

4,828 5,597 3,957 5,553 5,411

5,056 5,560 4,194 5,519 5,621

5,369 5,633 4,447 5,940 6,161

5,647 5,858 4,721 6,242 6,318

6,092 6,081 5,066 6,762 6,772

6,437 6,530 5,315 7,133 7,192

6,929 6,596 5,725 7,631 7,630

7,380 7,306 6,011 7,956 7,734

7,774 8,100 6,081 8,287 8,057

2,734 4,019 2,909 4,139 3,355

3,682 5,152 3,823 5,534 4,218

3,497 5,296 3,842 5,325 3,979

6,038 6,235 4,410 6,825 6,447

5,971 6,899 4,589 7,020 6,567

6,154 7,133 5,043 7,077 6,897

6,274 6,898 5,204 6,848 6,975

6,476 6,795 5,364 7,166 7,432

6,693 6,943 5,595 7,398 7,488

7,098 7,085 5,902 7,878 7,889

7,289 7,394 6,018 8,077 8,144

7,585 7,221 6,267 8,355 8,354

7,939 7,860 6,466 8,559 8,320

8,184 8,527 6,401 8,723 8,482

Iowa .............................. Kansas.......................... Kentucky ....................... Louisiana ...................... Maine............................

798 699 502 589 649

2,164 1,963 1,557 1,629 1,692

2,505 2,307 1,637 2,273 1,804

4,190 4,290 3,384 3,625 4,903

4,418 4,434 3,897 3,853 4,978

5,240 5,222 4,545 4,356 6,029

5,481 5,374 4,807 4,447 6,151

5,738 5,508 5,155 4,724 6,426

5,998 5,727 5,213 5,187 6,742

6,243 6,015 5,637 5,548 7,155

6,564 6,294 5,921 5,804 7,667

6,930 6,937 6,079 6,037 8,232

7,338 7,339 6,523 6,567 8,818

7,574 7,454 6,661 6,922 9,344

4,050 3,546 2,547 2,991 3,294

5,344 4,847 3,845 4,022 4,178

5,544 5,106 3,623 5,031 3,992

6,325 6,476 5,108 5,472 7,402

6,323 6,348 5,579 5,515 7,125

6,679 6,656 5,792 5,552 7,683

6,801 6,667 5,964 5,517 7,632

6,922 6,645 6,218 5,699 7,752

7,109 6,788 6,178 6,147 7,990

7,274 7,007 6,568 6,464 8,335

7,433 7,126 6,704 6,572 8,682

7,587 7,595 6,655 6,609 9,013

7,894 7,895 7,018 7,064 9,486

7,972 7,847 7,012 7,287 9,835

Maryland....................... Massachusetts.............. Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Mississippi ....................

809 791 841 855 457

2,293 2,548 2,495 2,296 1,568

2,581 2,735 2,892 2,519 1,503

5,573 5,766 5,090 4,698 2,934

5,930 5,881 5,394 4,946 3,007

6,427 6,783 6,465 5,626 3,798

6,593 7,033 6,785 5,801 3,951

6,755 7,331 6,932 6,005 4,039

7,034 7,778 7,050 6,388 4,288

7,326 8,260 7,432 6,814 4,565

7,731 8,816 8,110 7,190 5,014

8,260 8,692 9,153 9,509 10,232 10,460 8,278 8,653 8,781 7,645 7,736 8,109 5,175 5,354 5,792

4,106 4,012 4,270 4,338 2,318

5,661 6,291 6,162 5,670 3,873

5,711 6,052 6,399 5,575 3,325

8,414 8,705 7,684 7,092 4,429

8,488 8,419 7,721 7,079 4,304

8,191 8,645 8,240 7,170 4,840

8,180 8,726 8,419 7,198 4,902

8,148 8,844 8,363 7,244 4,873

8,337 9,219 8,355 7,570 5,082

8,535 9,623 8,659 7,939 5,318

8,754 9,043 9,351 9,634 9,982 10,410 11,007 11,010 9,183 9,063 9,308 9,243 8,141 8,370 8,322 8,536 5,677 5,666 5,759 6,097

Missouri ........................ Montana........................ Nebraska ...................... Nevada ......................... New Hampshire ............

596 728 700 706 666

1,724 2,264 2,025 1,908 1,732

1,945 2,449 2,243 1,925 2,036

4,071 4,240 4,553 3,816 4,786

4,271 4,706 4,735 4,294 5,152

4,866 5,137 5,555 4,730 5,567

5,092 5,249 5,688 4,892 5,740

5,304 5,481 5,848 5,084 5,920

5,565 5,724 5,958 5,295 6,156

5,855 5,974 6,256 5,587 6,433

6,187 6,314 6,683 5,760 6,860

6,657 6,726 7,223 5,807 7,286

7,495 7,496 8,074 6,092 8,579

3,024 3,692 3,551 3,581 3,380

4,257 5,589 4,999 4,712 4,277

4,305 5,420 4,964 4,260 4,506

6,145 6,401 6,873 5,760 7,225

6,114 6,737 6,777 6,146 7,374

6,202 6,547 7,080 6,029 7,095

6,318 6,512 7,057 6,070 7,122

6,398 6,611 7,055 6,133 7,141

6,596 6,784 7,061 6,275 7,296

6,821 6,959 7,288 6,509 7,495

7,006 7,149 7,567 6,522 7,768

New Jersey ................... New Mexico .................. New York....................... North Carolina .............. North Dakota ................

924 665 1,194 570 662

2,825 1,870 2,950 1,635 1,941

2,928 2,066 3,225 1,870 2,175

7,546 3,446 7,051 4,018 3,899

8,166 3,757 7,510 4,237 3,909

9,178 4,404 8,311 4,703 4,482

9,361 4,604 8,361 4,719 4,677

9,588 4,682 8,525 4,929 4,808

9,643 10,145 10,337 11,248 11,793 12,568 5,005 5,440 5,825 6,313 6,882 7,125 8,852 9,344 9,846 10,716 11,218 11,961 5,257 5,656 6,045 6,340 6,495 6,562 5,056 5,442 5,667 6,125 6,709 6,870

4,688 3,375 6,061 2,894 3,362

6,976 4,619 7,285 4,038 4,794

6,480 11,392 11,688 11,697 11,614 11,566 11,429 11,820 11,705 12,315 12,687 13,229 4,571 5,202 5,378 5,612 5,712 5,648 5,931 6,337 6,596 6,912 7,404 7,500 7,136 10,644 10,751 10,592 10,374 10,284 10,491 10,886 11,149 11,731 12,068 12,591 4,139 6,066 6,065 5,994 5,855 5,946 6,230 6,590 6,845 6,941 6,987 6,908 4,813 5,887 5,595 5,712 5,803 5,799 5,992 6,340 6,417 6,705 7,217 7,231

Ohio .............................. Oklahoma ..................... Oregon.......................... Pennsylvania................. Rhode Island ................

677 554 843 815 807

1,894 1,810 2,412 2,328 2,340

2,120 2,065 2,782 2,595 2,654

4,531 3,293 4,864 5,737 5,908

4,747 3,639 5,195 6,048 5,934

5,529 4,533 5,649 6,565 7,126

5,669 4,549 5,790 6,922 7,304

5,935 4,817 5,920 7,106 7,612

6,198 5,033 6,419 7,209 7,928

3,433 2,810 4,279 4,137 4,094

4,678 4,468 5,956 5,750 5,779

4,692 4,570 6,157 5,743 5,874

See notes at end of table.

6,590 5,303 6,828 7,450 8,294

5,638 8,806 5,030 5,277 6,314

7,065 5,395 7,149 7,772 8,904

5,885 9,216 5,521 5,568 6,987

7,571 6,019 7,528 8,210 9,315

6,029 9,563 5,851 6,276 7,405

7,136 7,062 7,741 6,079 7,935

6,300 9,870 6,282 6,482 7,552

8,069 8,632 6,229 6,092 7,642 7,491 8,537 8,997 9,703 10,349

2,596 3,754 4,063 4,746 4,909 5,237 5,388 5,375 10,536 12,185 11,439 10,739 10,238 10,160 3,422 4,605 4,632 5,612 5,525 5,435 5,553 2,593 3,634 3,506 4,875 4,955 5,335 5,460 4,229 5,498 5,394 6,797 6,578 6,116 6,126

6,840 4,972 7,344 8,661 8,919

6,795 5,209 7,436 8,657 8,493

7,046 5,777 7,200 8,367 9,082

7,033 5,644 7,184 8,589 9,063

5,542 9,929 5,324 5,471 6,345

7,159 5,811 7,141 8,572 9,182

5,747 9,802 5,446 5,580 6,690

7,346 5,964 7,607 8,544 9,397

6,044 9,790 5,443 5,773 6,759

6,384 6,443 6,486 6,631 9,972 10,090 10,287 10,390 5,696 6,045 6,294 6,613 5,976 6,095 6,751 6,823 7,150 7,650 7,966 7,950

7,288 7,364 7,908 6,358 7,976

7,676 7,597 8,328 6,539 8,536

7,889 7,890 8,499 6,413 9,030

7,677 7,999 8,289 8,680 9,087 6,178 6,108 6,590 6,701 6,412 7,954 8,095 8,242 8,221 7,886 8,679 8,801 8,988 9,184 9,470 9,663 10,083 10,198 10,438 10,893

272 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

Table 166. Current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2002–03

Table 166. Current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1969–70 through 2002–03—Continued In constant 2004–05 dollars1

Unadjusted dollars State or jurisdiction 1

1969– 1979– 1980– 1989– 1990– 1994– 1995– 1996– 1997– 1998– 1999– 2000– 2001– 2002– 1969– 1979– 1980– 1989– 1990– 1994– 1995– 1996– 1997– 1998– 1999– 2000– 2001– 70 80 81 90 91 95 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02 03 70 80 81 90 91 95 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02

2002– 03

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

567 656 531 551 595

1,597 1,781 1,523 1,740 1,556

1,625 1,885 1,675 1,831 1,710

3,769 3,511 3,405 3,835 2,577

4,009 3,726 3,521 4,048 2,767

4,501 4,271 4,017 4,779 3,409

4,779 4,220 4,172 5,016 3,604

5,050 4,387 4,581 5,267 3,783

5,320 4,669 4,937 5,444 3,969

5,656 5,259 5,123 5,685 4,210

6,130 5,632 5,383 6,288 4,378

6,631 6,191 5,687 6,539 4,674

7,017 6,424 5,948 6,771 4,900

7,040 6,547 6,118 7,136 4,838

2,879 3,330 2,694 2,797 3,020

3,944 4,397 3,761 4,296 3,842

3,595 4,171 3,707 4,052 3,784

5,691 5,301 5,140 5,789 3,890

5,739 5,334 5,040 5,795 3,961

5,737 5,443 5,120 6,090 4,344

5,930 5,236 5,176 6,224 4,472

6,092 5,292 5,527 6,354 4,564

6,305 5,534 5,852 6,452 4,704

6,589 6,127 5,969 6,623 4,905

6,941 6,377 6,095 7,120 4,958

7,260 6,778 6,226 7,159 5,117

7,548 6,910 6,398 7,284 5,271

7,410 6,892 6,440 7,512 5,092

Vermont ........................ Virginia.......................... Washington................... West Virginia................. Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming.......................

790 654 853 621 793 805

1,930 1,824 2,387 1,749 2,225 2,369

2,347 2,024 2,365 1,968 2,452 2,758

5,770 4,690 4,382 4,020 5,020 5,239

6,255 4,965 4,652 4,571 5,382 5,310

6,367 5,421 5,477 5,663 6,301 5,753

6,488 5,528 5,639 5,881 6,517 5,826

6,753 5,788 5,734 6,076 6,796 5,971

7,075 6,065 6,040 6,323 7,123 6,218

7,541 6,350 6,110 6,677 7,527 6,842

8,323 6,841 6,376 7,152 7,806 7,425

9,153 7,281 6,750 7,534 8,243 7,835

9,806 10,454 7,496 7,822 7,039 7,252 7,844 8,319 8,634 9,004 8,645 8,985

4,007 3,321 4,329 3,153 4,025 4,085

4,766 4,504 5,894 4,318 5,493 5,850

5,194 4,480 5,233 4,356 5,426 6,104

8,711 7,080 6,616 6,069 7,578 7,909

8,954 7,107 6,659 6,543 7,703 7,600

8,115 6,909 6,980 7,218 8,030 7,333

8,049 6,859 6,997 7,296 8,086 7,229

8,146 6,982 6,917 7,330 8,198 7,203

8,385 7,188 7,158 7,494 8,442 7,370

8,785 7,398 7,118 7,779 8,769 7,971

9,424 10,021 10,549 11,005 7,746 7,971 8,064 8,234 7,220 7,390 7,572 7,634 8,098 8,249 8,439 8,757 8,839 9,024 9,288 9,478 8,408 8,578 9,300 9,458

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ...... Guam ........................ Northern Marianas.... Puerto Rico............... Virgin Islands ............

— 766 — — —

— — — — —

— — — 1,000 —

1,781 3,817 3,356 1,605 6,043

2,002 4,411 4,159 1,773 5,515

1,983 5,016 5,340 2,417 5,280

2,084 4,803 4,999 2,657 5,378

2,288 4,688 5,878 2,812 5,458

2,175 5,200 6,112 3,211 5,932

2,283 — 5,312 3,298 6,983

2,739 — 5,120 3,404 6,478

2,588 — 4,913 3,685 6,437

2,906 — 4,438 3,563 5,716

— 3,890 — — —

— — — — —

— — — 2,213 —

2,689 5,763 5,067 2,423 9,123

2,865 6,314 5,953 2,537 7,894

2,527 6,393 6,805 3,081 6,729

2,586 5,959 6,203 3,297 6,673

2,760 5,656 7,090 3,392 6,585

2,578 6,163 7,244 3,805 7,031

2,660 — 6,188 3,842 8,135

3,102 — 5,798 3,854 7,335

—Not available. 1Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI), prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. The CPI does not account for differences in inflation rates from state to state. NOTE: Beginning in 1980–81, expenditures for state administration are excluded. Beginning in 1989–90, survey was expanded and coverage of state expenditures for public school districts was improved. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

2,976 — 4,519 4,260 6,840

2,834 — 5,379 4,034 7,047

3,126 — 4,774 3,833 6,149

3,132 — 4,757 4,485 7,200

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems, 1969–70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1979–80 and 1980–81; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1989–90 through 2002–03. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 273 Revenues and Expenditures

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

South Carolina.............. South Dakota................ Tennessee .................... Texas ............................ Utah ..............................

Table 167. Current expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1959–60 through 2002–03 Constant 2004–05 dollars1

Unadjusted dollars State or jurisdiction

1959– 1969– 1979– 1980– 1989– 1990– 1995– 1996– 1997– 1998– 1999– 2000– 2001– 2002– 1959– 1969– 1979– 1980– 1989– 1990– 1995– 1996– 1997– 1998– 1999– 2000– 2001– 60 70 80 81 90 91 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02 03 60 70 80 81 90 91 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

2002– 03 29

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

United States .......

$375

$816 $2,272 $2,502 $4,980 $5,258 $6,147 $6,393 $6,676 $7,013 $7,394 $7,904 $8,259 $8,600 $2,447 $4,141 $5,610 $5,536 $7,518 $7,526 $7,627 $7,712 $7,912 $8,170 $8,372 $8,653 $8,884 $9,053

Alabama ....................... Alaska........................... Arizona ......................... Arkansas....................... California ......................

241 546 404 225 2 424

544 1,123 720 568 867

1,612 4,728 1,971 1,574 2,268

1,985 5,688 2,258 1,701 2,475

3,327 8,431 4,053 3,485 4,391

3,627 8,330 4,309 3,700 4,491

4,716 9,012 4,860 4,710 5,108

4,903 9,097 4,940 4,840 5,414

5,166 9,074 5,122 4,999 5,795

6,052 6,327 6,642 9,998 10,419 10,770 6,032 6,470 6,783 5,942 6,676 6,981 7,063 7,439 7,601

1,573 3,564 2,633 1,469 2 2,766

Colorado ....................... Connecticut................... Delaware....................... District of Columbia ...... Florida...........................

396 436 456 431 318

738 951 900 1,018 732

2,421 2,420 2,861 3,259 1,889

2,693 2,876 3,018 3,441 2,401

4,720 7,837 5,799 8,955 4,997

5,064 7,853 5,974 9,377 5,276

5,521 8,817 7,267 9,565 5,894

5,728 8,901 7,804 9,019 5,986

6,099 6,386 6,702 7,082 7,284 7,826 9,218 9,620 10,122 10,525 11,022 11,302 7,963 8,336 8,809 9,720 9,959 10,257 9,225 10,611 11,935 13,204 14,557 14,735 6,183 6,443 6,383 6,620 6,679 6,922

2,584 2,845 2,973 2,813 2,072

3,744 4,827 4,568 5,167 3,716

5,978 5,976 7,065 8,047 4,665

5,959 7,126 7,249 6,851 6,909 7,229 7,440 7,588 7,753 7,835 8,238 6,363 11,831 11,242 10,940 10,737 10,925 11,207 11,461 11,522 11,857 11,897 6,678 8,754 8,551 9,016 9,414 9,437 9,712 9,974 10,642 10,713 10,797 7,615 13,519 13,423 11,867 10,880 10,933 12,362 13,514 14,456 15,660 15,511 5,314 7,544 7,553 7,313 7,221 7,328 7,506 7,228 7,248 7,185 7,286

Georgia......................... Hawaii ........................... Idaho............................. Illinois............................ Indiana..........................

253 325 290 438 369

588 841 603 909 728

1,625 2,322 1,659 2,587 1,882

1,708 2,604 1,856 2,704 2,010

4,275 4,448 3,078 5,118 4,606

4,466 5,166 3,386 5,520 4,930

5,377 6,051 4,465 6,128 6,040

5,708 6,144 4,732 6,557 6,605

6,059 6,409 5,012 7,111 6,786

6,534 6,648 5,379 7,676 7,249

6,903 7,090 5,644 8,084 7,652

7,431 7,106 6,077 8,659 8,128

7,870 7,919 6,391 8,967 8,268

8,308 8,770 6,454 9,309 8,582

1,654 2,117 1,890 2,860 2,405

2,984 4,265 3,061 4,615 3,694

4,013 5,733 4,097 6,387 4,648

3,780 5,762 4,107 5,983 4,448

6,453 6,716 4,646 7,726 6,954

6,393 7,395 4,847 7,902 7,058

6,672 7,508 5,539 7,604 7,494

6,885 7,411 5,708 7,910 7,968

7,181 7,596 5,940 8,428 8,042

7,612 7,745 6,267 8,942 8,445

7,817 8,028 6,391 9,153 8,665

8,136 7,780 6,653 9,480 8,899

Iowa .............................. Kansas.......................... Kentucky ....................... Louisiana ...................... Maine............................

368 348 233 372 283

844 771 545 648 692

2,326 2,173 1,701 1,792 1,824

2,668 2,559 1,784 2,469 1,934

4,453 4,752 3,745 3,903 5,373

4,679 4,874 4,354 4,196 5,458

5,772 5,971 5,545 4,988 6,546

6,047 6,158 5,929 5,201 6,880

6,295 6,406 6,125 5,644 7,238

6,548 6,708 6,501 6,019 7,688

6,925 6,962 6,784 6,256 8,247

7,340 7,681 7,174 6,553 8,879

7,714 7,943 8,342 8,373 7,536 7,728 7,061 7,492 9,517 10,114

2,399 2,268 1,521 2,427 1,845

4,284 3,912 2,767 3,288 3,514

5,744 5,366 4,200 4,425 4,503

5,903 5,663 3,947 5,464 4,279

6,722 7,173 5,654 5,893 8,111

6,698 6,977 6,232 6,007 7,812

7,161 7,409 6,880 6,188 8,122

7,295 7,429 7,152 6,274 8,299

7,461 7,592 7,259 6,689 8,578

7,629 7,814 7,573 7,012 8,957

7,841 7,883 7,682 7,083 9,338

8,036 8,298 8,361 8,409 8,974 8,814 7,854 8,107 8,135 7,174 7,596 7,886 9,721 10,238 10,646

Maryland....................... Massachusetts.............. Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Mississippi ....................

393 409 415 425 206

918 859 904 904 501

2,598 2,819 2,640 2,387 1,664

2,914 2,940 3,037 2,673 1,605

6,275 6,237 5,546 4,971 3,094

6,654 6,366 5,883 5,239 3,187

7,382 7,613 7,166 6,162 4,250

7,543 7,818 7,568 6,371 4,312

7,812 8,299 7,717 6,795 4,575

7,865 8,750 8,142 7,183 4,871

8,273 8,833 9,266 9,801 9,375 10,073 10,808 11,161 8,886 9,031 9,428 9,847 7,499 7,960 8,050 8,440 5,356 5,535 5,719 6,186

2,562 2,668 2,708 2,774 1,343

4,660 4,359 4,587 4,585 2,542

6,415 6,961 6,520 5,893 4,108

6,448 6,505 6,720 5,916 3,553

9,474 9,416 8,373 7,504 4,670

9,524 9,112 8,421 7,499 4,561

9,160 9,446 8,891 7,645 5,273

9,099 9,431 9,129 7,686 5,202

9,259 9,163 9,368 9,671 9,968 10,317 9,836 10,194 10,615 11,028 11,627 11,749 9,146 9,486 10,062 9,887 10,143 10,365 8,053 8,368 8,491 8,715 8,660 8,884 5,422 5,675 6,064 6,059 6,153 6,512

Missouri ........................ Montana........................ Nebraska ...................... Nevada ......................... New Hampshire ............

344 411 337 430 347

709 782 736 769 723

1,936 2,476 2,150 2,088 1,916

2,172 2,683 2,384 2,078 2,265

4,507 4,736 4,842 4,117 5,304

4,754 5,204 5,038 4,653 5,685

5,626 5,847 6,083 5,320 5,958

5,823 6,112 6,472 5,541 6,236

6,096 6,448 6,584 5,758 6,487

6,393 6,768 6,856 5,934 6,780

6,764 6,990 7,360 6,148 7,082

8,002 8,391 8,550 6,496 8,900

2,244 2,680 2,198 2,808 2,265

3,596 3,967 3,737 3,905 3,669

4,781 6,115 5,309 5,156 4,731

4,807 5,938 5,277 4,598 5,013

6,804 7,151 7,309 6,216 8,007

6,805 7,450 7,211 6,661 8,137

6,980 7,254 7,547 6,601 7,392

7,024 7,373 7,807 6,684 7,522

7,225 7,642 7,803 6,824 7,689

New Jersey ................... New Mexico .................. New York....................... North Carolina .............. North Dakota ................

388 363 562 237 367

1,016 707 1,327 612 690

3,191 2,034 3,462 1,754 1,920

3,254 2,329 3,741 2,001 2,275

8,139 3,515 8,062 4,290 4,189

8,756 3,895 8,565 4,548 4,199

9,955 10,211 10,233 10,748 10,903 11,752 12,197 13,093 4,587 4,674 4,984 5,363 5,835 6,320 6,886 7,126 9,549 9,658 9,970 10,514 10,957 11,887 12,343 13,211 5,090 5,315 5,667 6,088 6,505 6,817 6,970 7,057 4,979 5,198 5,353 5,820 6,078 6,467 7,112 7,315

2,528 2,366 3,664 1,548 2,392

5,157 3,588 6,733 3,107 3,499

7,880 5,022 8,549 4,332 4,741

7,201 12,288 12,534 12,352 12,318 12,128 12,522 12,345 12,866 13,121 13,782 5,155 5,306 5,575 5,691 5,638 5,906 6,248 6,607 6,919 7,408 7,501 8,279 12,170 12,259 11,848 11,650 11,816 12,249 12,406 13,014 13,278 13,906 4,428 6,477 6,510 6,316 6,412 6,717 7,093 7,366 7,463 7,498 7,429 5,033 6,324 6,010 6,178 6,270 6,344 6,781 6,882 7,080 7,651 7,700

Ohio .............................. Oklahoma ..................... Oregon.......................... Pennsylvania................. Rhode Island ................

365 311 448 409 413

730 604 925 882 891

2,075 1,926 2,692 2,535 2,601

2,303 2,199 3,100 2,824 2,927

5,045 3,508 5,474 6,228 6,368

5,245 3,843 5,683 6,541 6,343

6,266 4,881 6,615 7,492 7,936

2,381 2,031 2,925 2,671 2,697

3,704 3,067 4,692 4,474 4,522

5,123 4,757 6,647 6,259 6,422

5,096 4,865 6,859 6,249 6,477

See notes at end of table.

6,517 5,150 6,792 7,686 8,307

6,808 5,389 7,348 7,777 8,627

5,512 9,209 5,235 5,193 6,045

7,254 5,684 7,787 8,026 9,049

5,758 9,668 5,478 5,628 6,401

7,265 7,484 7,688 6,150 7,656

7,700 7,861 8,238 6,477 8,230

7,816 8,403 8,928 9,160 5,770 6,458 6,672 6,540 8,129 8,545 8,725 8,486 8,380 8,847 9,196 9,648 9,646 10,116 10,552 11,377

2,760 3,980 4,392 5,023 5,191 5,851 5,915 6,122 6,421 6,520 6,626 6,807 6,992 5,697 11,673 12,588 12,728 11,923 11,182 10,974 10,755 10,728 10,947 10,946 11,209 11,336 3,654 4,866 4,998 6,119 6,168 6,030 5,960 6,071 6,098 6,203 6,603 6,960 7,140 2,880 3,888 3,764 5,261 5,296 5,844 5,839 5,924 6,050 6,372 6,505 7,182 7,348 4,401 5,599 5,477 6,629 6,428 6,337 6,531 6,868 7,043 7,247 7,733 8,003 8,002

7,616 5,296 8,264 9,402 9,613

7,507 5,501 8,135 9,363 9,079

7,448 7,885 7,987 6,913 7,898

7,659 7,915 8,333 6,961 8,020

7,953 8,194 8,417 6,734 8,381

8,466 8,519 6,875 9,647 8,894

8,283 8,457 8,862 6,968 8,854

8,745 9,231 6,794 9,798 9,034

8,423 8,833 9,000 6,838 9,368

7,774 7,861 8,068 8,451 8,851 9,200 9,604 9,642 6,055 6,213 6,387 6,622 6,533 7,070 7,177 6,884 8,207 8,194 8,708 9,072 9,204 9,355 9,386 8,933 9,295 9,271 9,216 9,350 9,489 9,686 9,892 10,155 9,847 10,020 10,224 10,542 10,923 11,075 11,351 11,976

274 CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education Revenues and Expenditures

t

Table 167. Current expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary schools, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1959–60 through 2002–03—Continued Constant 2004–05 dollars1

Unadjusted dollars State or jurisdiction 1

1959– 1969– 1979– 1980– 1989– 1990– 1995– 1996– 1997– 1998– 1999– 2000– 2001– 2002– 1959– 1969– 1979– 1980– 1989– 1990– 1995– 1996– 1997– 1998– 1999– 2000– 2001– 60 70 80 81 90 91 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02 03 60 70 80 81 90 91 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02

2002– 03

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

220 347 238 332 322

613 690 566 624 626

1,752 1,908 1,635 1,916 1,657

1,734 1,991 1,794 2,006 1,819

4,082 3,731 3,664 4,150 2,764

4,352 3,965 3,782 4,438 2,960

5,096 4,780 4,548 5,473 3,867

5,371 4,936 5,011 5,736 4,045

5,643 5,281 5,274 5,910 4,256

6,003 5,613 5,521 6,161 4,478

6,545 6,037 5,837 6,771 4,692

7,210 6,581 6,108 7,039 5,029

7,549 6,890 6,476 7,302 5,294

7,759 7,192 6,674 7,714 5,247

1,436 2,263 1,553 2,168 2,104

3,108 3,501 2,872 3,167 3,178

4,326 4,710 4,038 4,730 4,091

3,838 4,406 3,969 4,439 4,025

6,162 5,633 5,531 6,266 4,172

6,229 5,675 5,413 6,353 4,236

6,322 5,930 5,643 6,791 4,798

6,479 5,954 6,044 6,919 4,880

6,688 6,259 6,250 7,004 5,044

6,993 6,540 6,432 7,178 5,217

7,412 6,835 6,610 7,667 5,313

7,894 7,205 6,687 7,706 5,506

8,121 7,411 6,967 7,855 5,695

8,168 7,571 7,025 8,120 5,524

Vermont ........................ Virginia.......................... Washington................... West Virginia................. Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming.......................

344 274 420 258 413 450

807 708 915 670 883 856

1,997 1,970 2,568 1,920 2,477 2,527

2,475 2,179 2,542 2,146 2,738 2,967

6,227 4,672 4,702 4,360 5,524 5,577

6,738 4,902 5,000 4,911 5,871 5,638

6,837 5,433 6,074 6,325 7,094 6,243

7,171 5,677 6,182 6,519 7,398 6,448

7,500 5,936 6,535 6,779 7,680 6,718

7,984 6,129 6,595 7,189 8,062 7,393

8,799 6,491 6,914 7,637 8,299 7,944

9,559 10,229 10,903 7,664 7,928 8,300 7,312 7,626 7,882 8,148 8,451 9,025 8,797 9,237 9,538 8,466 9,321 9,906

2,244 1,789 2,743 1,686 2,695 2,938

4,096 3,592 4,645 3,400 4,479 4,344

4,931 4,864 6,341 4,742 6,116 6,239

5,476 4,821 5,626 4,748 6,059 6,566

9,400 7,053 7,099 6,583 8,339 8,420

9,645 7,017 7,156 7,030 8,404 8,070

8,483 6,740 7,536 7,847 8,802 7,746

8,651 6,849 7,458 7,864 8,924 7,779

8,889 7,035 7,745 8,035 9,102 7,962

9,301 7,140 7,683 8,375 9,393 8,613

9,964 10,465 11,004 11,476 7,350 8,391 8,529 8,737 7,828 8,005 8,204 8,297 8,647 8,920 9,091 9,500 9,397 9,631 9,937 10,040 8,995 9,268 10,027 10,428

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ...... Guam ........................ Northern Marianas.... Puerto Rico............... Virgin Islands ............

— 236 — 106 271

— 820 — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

1,908 4,234 3,007 1,750 6,767

2,033 4,596 4,425 1,913 6,002

2,159 4,947 5,863 3,039 6,155

2,393 5,124 6,827 3,229 6,274

2,243 5,286 7,016 3,648 6,758

2,354 — 5,973 3,771 7,714

2,807 — 5,720 3,859 7,238

2,743 — 5,481 4,191 7,795

— 1,542 — 693 1,766

— 4,160 — — —

— — — — —

— 2,880 — 6,393 — 4,540 — 2,642 — 10,217

2,910 6,578 6,333 2,738 8,592

2,678 6,138 7,274 3,770 7,637

2,887 6,181 8,235 3,895 7,569

2,659 6,265 8,315 4,324 8,010

2,743 — 6,959 4,393 8,987

3,179 — 6,477 4,369 8,196

—Not available. 1Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI), prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. The CPI does not account for differences in inflation rates from state to state. 2 Estimated by the National Center for Education Statistics. NOTE: Beginning in 1980–81, state administration expenditures are excluded. Beginning in 1989–90, extensive changes were made in the data collection procedures. There are discrepancies in average daily attendance reporting practices from state to state. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

2,983 — 4,934 4,013 6,248

3,121 — 5,221 4,743 7,747

3,003 — 6,000 4,588 8,534

3,209 — 5,308 4,317 6,721

3,285 — 5,495 4,992 8,155

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems, 1959–60 and 1969–70; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1979–80 and 1980–81; and Common Core of Data (CCD), “National Public Education Financial Survey,” 1989–90 through 2002–03. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

CHAPTER 2: Elementary and Secondary Education 275 Revenues and Expenditures

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

South Carolina.............. South Dakota................ Tennessee .................... Texas ............................ Utah ..............................

CHAPTER 3

Postsecondary Education Postsecondary education includes an array of diverse educational experiences, including a wide range of programs offered by American colleges and universities. For example, a community college may offer vocational training or the first 2 years of training at the college level. A university typically offers a full undergraduate course of study leading to a bachelor’s degree as well as first-professional and graduate programs leading to advanced degrees. Vocational and technical institutions offer training programs that are designed to prepare students for specific careers. Community groups, religious organizations, libraries, and businesses provide other types of educational opportunities for adults. This chapter provides an overview of the latest statistics on postsecondary education, which includes academic, vocational, and continuing professional education programs after high school. However, to maintain comparability over time, most of the data in the Digest are for degree-granting institutions, which are defined as postsecondary institutions that grant an associate’s or higher degree and are eligible for Title IV federal financial aid.1 Degree-granting institutions include almost all 2- and 4-year colleges and universities; they exclude institutions offering only vocational programs of less than 2 years’ duration and continuing education programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the higher education classification that the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) used prior to 1996–97.2 This chapter highlights historical data that enable the reader to observe longrange trends in college education in America. Other chapters provide related information on postsecondary education. Data on price indexes and on the number of degrees held by the general population are shown in chapter 1. Chapter 4 contains tabulations on federal funding for postsecondary education. Information on employment outcomes for college graduates is shown in chapter 5. Chapter 7 contains data on college libraries and use of computers by young adults. Further information on survey methodologies is presented in the Guide to Sources in the appendix and in the publications cited in the source notes. 1 Title IV programs, which are administered by the U.S. Department of Education, provide financial aid to postsecondary students. 2 Included among degree-granting institutions are some institutions (primarily 2-year colleges) that were not previously designated as higher education institutions. Excluded from degree-granting institutions are a few institutions that were previously designated as higher education institutions although they did not award an associate’s or higher degree.

Enrollment Enrollment in degree-granting institutions increased by 17 percent between 1984 and 1994 (table 170 and figure 11). Between 1994 and 2004, enrollment increased at a faster rate (21 percent), from 14.3 million to 17.3 million. Much of the growth between 1994 and 2004 was in female enrollment; the number of men enrolled rose 16 percent, while the number of women increased by 25 percent. During the same time period, part-time enrollment rose by 8 percent compared to an increase of 30 percent in full-time enrollment. In addition to the enrollment in accredited 2-year colleges, 4-year colleges, and universities, about 429,000 students attended nondegree-granting, Title IV eligible, postsecondary institutions in fall 2003 (table 168). The number of young students has been growing more rapidly than the number of older students, but this pattern is expected to shift (table 172 and figure 13). Between 1990 and 2004, the enrollment of students under age 25 increased by 31 percent. Enrollment of persons 25 and over rose by 17 percent during the same period. From 2004 to 2014, NCES projects a rise of 11 percent in enrollments of persons under 25, and an increase of 15 percent in the number 25 and over. Enrollment trends have differed at the undergraduate, graduate, and first-professional levels. Undergraduate enrollment generally increased during the 1970s, but dipped slightly between 1983 and 1985 (table 185). From 1985 to 1992, undergraduate enrollment increased each year, rising 18 percent before declining slightly and stabilizing between 1993 and 1996. Undergraduate enrollment rose 20 percent between 1996 and 2004. Graduate enrollment had been steady at about 1.3 million in the late 1970s and early 1980s, but rose about 57 percent between 1985 and 2004 (table 186). After rising very rapidly during the 1970s, enrollment in first-professional programs stabilized in the 1980s (table 187). First-professional enrollment began rising again in the 1990s and showed an increase of 14 percent between 1994 and 2004. Since 1984, the number of women in graduate schools has exceeded the number of men (table 186). Between 1994 and 2004, the number of male full-time graduate students increased by 25 percent, compared to 66 percent for fulltime women. Among part-time graduate students, the number of men increased by 3 percent compared to a 17 percent increase for women.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

277

278 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education

The proportion of American college students who are minorities has been increasing. In 1976, some 15 percent were minorities, compared with 30 percent in 2004 (table 205). Much of the change can be attributed to rising numbers of Hispanic and Asian or Pacific Islander students. The proportion of Asian or Pacific Islander students rose from 1 percent to 6 percent, and the Hispanic proportion rose from 4 percent to 10 percent during that time period. The proportion of Black students fluctuated during most of the early part of the period, before rising to 13 percent in 2004 from 9 percent in 1976. Nonresident aliens for whom race/ethnicity is not reported comprised 3 percent of the total enrollment in 2004. Despite the sizable numbers of small degree-granting colleges, most students attend the larger colleges and universities. In fall 2003, 39 percent of institutions had fewer than 1,000 students; however, these campuses enrolled 4 percent of college students (table 213). While 12 percent of the campuses enrolled 10,000 or more students, they accounted for 54 percent of total college enrollment.

Faculty, Staff, and Salaries Approximately 3.2 million people were employed in colleges and universities in the fall of 2003, including 2.3 million professional and 0.9 million nonprofessional staff (table 223). In the fall of 2003, there were 1.2 million faculty members in degree-granting institutions, including 0.6 million full-time and 0.5 million part-time faculty. The proportion of administrative staff and other non-teaching professional staff rose from 15 percent in 1976 to 25 percent in 2003, while the proportion of nonprofessional staff declined from 42 percent to 29 percent (table 222). The student/staff ratio at colleges and universities declined from 5.4 in 1976 to 5.1 in 2003. During the same time period, the student/faculty ratio declined from 16.6 to 15.6. Colleges differ in their practices of employing part-time and full-time staff. In fall 2003, 49 percent of the employees at public 2-year colleges were employed full time compared with 69 percent at public 4-year colleges and 70 percent at private 4-year colleges (table 223). A higher proportion of the faculty at public 4-year colleges were employed full time (70 percent) than at private 4-year colleges (54 percent) or public 2-year colleges (32 percent). About 15 percent of U.S. faculty in colleges and universities were minorities in 2003 (based on a total excluding persons whose race/ethnicity was unknown, but including nonresident aliens who were not identified by race/ethnicity) (table 224). Six percent of the faculty were Black, 5 percent were Asian/Pacific Islanders, 4 percent were Hispanic, and 0.5 percent were American Indian/Alaska Native. Nearly half of college faculty (47 percent) were White males, while 36 percent were White females. About 17 percent of executive, managerial, and administrative staffs were minorities in 2003, compared to about 31 percent of the nonprofessional staff. The proportion of minority staffs at public 4-year colleges (22 percent) was similar to the proportion at private 4-year colleges (21 percent).

The proportion of time that full-time instructional faculty and staff spent teaching averaged 58 percent in 2003 (table 228). For the remaining faculty time, research and scholarship accounted for 20 percent of the time; and 22 percent was spent on other activities, e.g., administration, professional growth, etc. College faculty generally suffered losses in the purchasing power of their salaries from 1972–73 to 1980–81, when average salaries declined 17 percent after adjustment for inflation (table 235). During the 1980s, average salaries rose and recouped most of the losses. Between 1994–95 and 2004–05, there was a further increase in average faculty salaries, resulting in an average about 4 percent higher than in 1972–73, after adjustment for inflation. Average salaries for men in 2004–05 ($69,337) were higher than the average for women ($56,926), but women’s salaries have increased at a slightly faster rate (8 vs. 6 percent) since 1994–95. The proportion of faculty with tenure has declined slightly in recent years. About 50 percent of full-time instructional faculty had tenure in 2003–04 compared with 56 percent in 1993–94 (table 242). A difference existed between the proportion of men and women with tenure. Fifty-six percent of men compared to 42 percent of women had tenure in 2003–04. About 53 percent of the instructional faculty at public institutions had tenure, compared to 45 percent of faculty at private institutions.

Degrees During the 2004–05 academic year, 4,216 accredited institutions offered degrees at the associate’s degree level or above (table 244). These included 2,533 4-year colleges and universities, and 1,683 2-year colleges. Institutions awarding various degrees in 2003–04 numbered 2,636 for associate’s degrees, 2,121 for bachelor’s degrees, 1,580 for master’s degrees, and 568 for doctor’s degrees (table 255). Growing numbers of people are completing college degrees. Between 1993–94 and 2003–04, the number of associate’s, bachelor’s, master’s, first-professional, and doctor’s degrees rose (table 246). Associate’s degrees increased 25 percent, bachelor’s degrees increased 20 percent, master’s degrees increased 44 percent, and doctor’s degrees increased 12 percent during this period. The number of first-professional degrees was 10 percent higher in 2003–04 than it was in 1993–94. Since the mid-1980s, more women than men have earned associate’s, bachelor’s, and master’s degrees (table 246). Also, the number of women receiving all types of degrees has increased at a faster rate than for men. Between 1993–94 and 2003–04, the number of bachelor’s degrees awarded to men increased by 12 percent, while those awarded to women rose by 26 percent. During the same time period, the number of males earning doctor’s degrees declined by 5 percent, while the number of females earning doctor’s degrees rose by 39 percent. Of the 1,400,000 bachelor’s degrees conferred in 2003–04, the largest numbers of degrees were conferred in the fields of business (307,000), social sciences and history

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 279

(150,000), and education (106,000) (table 249). At the master’s degree level, the largest fields were education (162,000) and business (139,000) (table 250). The largest fields at the doctor’s degree level were education (7,100), engineering (5,900), biological and biomedical sciences (5,200), psychology (4,800), and health professions and related clinical sciences (4,400) (table 251). The pattern of bachelor’s degrees by field of study has shifted significantly in recent years. While the number of degrees increased 20 percent overall between 1993–94 and 2003–04, in some fields such as mathematics and the combined fields of engineering and engineering technologies, the 2003–04 figures are lower than in 1993–94 (table 249 and figure 15). However, there is some evidence that these trends have shifted. Engineering and engineering technologies declined 8 percent between 1993–94 and 1998–99, but rose 8 percent between 1998–99 and 2003–04. The number of degrees conferred in 2003–04 is almost equal to the number conferred in 1993–94. The number of mathematics degrees declined by 16 percent between 1993–94 and 1998–99, but also rose 11 percent between 1998–99 and 2003–04. In contrast, some technical fields have increased. After an increase of 25 percent between 1993–94 and 1998–99, the number of degrees in computer and information sciences grew 95 percent between 1998–99 and 2003–04. The numbers in some science fields declined between 1998–99 and 2003–04. The number of degrees in biological/biomedical sciences declined 5 percent and the number of degrees in the physical sciences declined by 2 percent. Health professions and related clinical science degrees declined 13 percent in this period. Other sizable fields (over 5,000 degrees) with increases over 20 percent between 1998–99 and 2003–04 included parks, recreation, and leisure studies; communications and journalism; visual and perform-

ing arts; theological studies/religious vocations; business; philosophy and religion; liberal arts and sciences; and social sciences and history. Fifty-eight percent of the students who enrolled in a 4-year college as first-time freshmen in 1995–96 had completed a bachelor’s degree by 2001 (table 310). About 7 percent of students had completed a certificate or associate’s degree, 14 percent were still enrolled without having received a degree, and 21 percent were no longer working toward a bachelor’s degree.

Finances For the 2004–05 academic year, annual prices for undergraduate tuition, room, and board were estimated to be $9,877 at public colleges and $26,025 at private colleges (table 312). Between 1994–95 and 2004–05, prices for undergraduate tuition, room, and board at public colleges rose by 30 percent, and prices at private colleges increased by 26 percent, after adjustment for inflation (tables 31 and 312). Trend data show small increases in the current-fund expenditures per student at public 2-year and 4-year colleges and universities in the late 1980s and larger increases during the 1990s (table 339). After an adjustment for inflation at colleges and universities, current-fund expenditures per student at public colleges rose about 5 percent between 1985–86 and 1990–91, and another 28 percent between 1990–91 and 2000–01. At private not-for-profit institutions, total expenditures per full-time-equivalent student rose 14 percent between 1996–97 and 2002–03, after adjustment for inflation (table 346). In 2002–03, total expenditures per full-timeequivalent student were $36,482.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

280 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education

Figure 11. Enrollment, degrees conferred, and expenditures in degree-granting institutions: 1960–61 through 2003–04 Enrollment, in millions 14 12 Public colleges

10 8 6 4

Private colleges

2 0 1960

1965

1970

1975 1980 1985 School year beginning

1990

1995

2000 2003

1990

1995

2000 2003

1990

1995

2000 2003

Degrees, in millions 1.4 1.2 Bachelor’s

1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4

Master’s

0.2

Doctor’s

0 1960

1965

1970

1975 1980 1985 School year beginning

Total expenditures, in billions of constant 2004−05 dollars $240 200 160 Public colleges

120 80 40

Private colleges

0 1960

1965

1970

1975 1980 1985 School year beginning

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1960 through 1965; Financial Statistics of Higher Education, 1959–60 through 1964–65; Earned Degrees Conferred, 1959–60 through 1965–66; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education,” 1966 through 1985, “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred,” 1966–67 through 1985–86, and “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education,” 1966–67 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY87–99), Fall 2001 through Fall 2004, and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 281

Figure 12. Percentage change in total enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by state: Fall 1998 through fall 2003

WA MT

NH VT

ND

ME

MN

OR ID

WI

SD IA

NE

NV

OH

IN

WV

CO KS

CA AZ

PA IL

UT

OK

NM

MO

VA

KY

CT NJ

RI

DE MD DC

NC

TN

SC

AR MS

TX

MA

NY

MI

WY

AL

GA

LA

AK FL HI

Percent change Increase of 15 percent or more

Increase of at least 5 percent, but less than 15 percent

Increase of less than 5 percent SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1998 and 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:98), and Spring 2004.

Figure 13. Enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by age: Fall 1970 through fall 2014 Enrollment in millions 14 12 10

Projected

22 to 24 years old

8 Under 22 years old

6 4

30 years old and over

2 25 to 29 years old

0 1970

1975

1980

1985

1990 1995 School year

2000

2005

2010

2014

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education” surveys, 1970 through 1985; 1986–87 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005; and Projections of Education Statistics to 2014.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

282 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education

Figure 14. Full-time-equivalent (FTE) students per staff member in public and private degree-granting institutions: 1976 and 2003 FTE students per FTE staff 20

1976

2003 16.7

15 12.9

12.6

10.5 9.6

10 8.3

5.4

5

0

8.1 5.9

5.0

Total, all institutions

Public college professional staff

Public college nonprofessional staff

Private college professional staff

Private college nonprofessional staff

Control and type of staff SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Staff” survey, 1976, and “Fall Enrollment in Higher Education” survey, 1976; and 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Winter 2003–04 and Spring 2004.

Figure 15. Trends in bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions in selected fields of study: 1993–94, 1998–99, and 2003–04 Field of study Biological and biomedical sciences

1993–94

1998–99

2003–04

Business Communications and communications technologies Computer and information sciences Education Engineering and engineering technologies Health professions and related clinical sciences Psychology Social sciences and history Visual and performing arts 0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

Number of degrees SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1993–94, 1998–99, and 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:94–99), and Fall 2004.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 283

Figure 16. Sources of current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions: 2000–01 Federal government, 11.2%

State governments, 35.6% Tuition, 18.1%

Other, 3.7% Local governments, 4.0%

Auxiliary enterprises, 9.3%

Private sources, 5.1% Endowment income, 0.8%

Hospitals, 9.5%

Educational activities, 2.8%

Current-fund revenues = $176.6 billion NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2002.

Figure 17. Sources of total revenue of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions: 2002–03

Federal government, 15.7% State governments, 1.4% Local governments, 0.5%

Tuition, 34.1%

Private sources, 13.6%

Auxiliary enterprises, 9.3%

Hospitals, 8.5%

Educational activities, investment return, and other, 16.9%

Total outlays = $105.7 billion NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

284 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

n em l l o r nTable E 168. Enrollment, staff, and degrees conferred in postsecondary institutions participating in Title IV programs, by level and control of institution, sex, and type of degree: Fall 2003 and 2003–04 2-year and 4-year degree-granting institutions2 Level of institution, type of degree, sex of student, and type of staff 1

All Title IV participating institutions1

Total

Public

2

3

4

Non-degree-granting institutions3

Private

Private

Total Not-for-profit 5

6

For-profit

Total

Public

Total Not-for-profit

For-profit

7

8

9

10

11

12

Enrollment, fall 2003 Total..................................................

17,329,462

16,900,471

12,857,059

4,043,412

3,340,718

702,694

428,991

107,495

321,496

40,673

280,823

4-year institutions...................................... Males .................................................... Females ................................................

10,407,986 4,566,256 5,841,730

10,407,553 4,566,145 5,841,408

6,649,441 2,937,741 3,711,700

3,758,112 1,628,404 2,129,708

3,296,882 1,409,606 1,887,276

461,230 218,798 242,432

433 111 322

38 16 22

395 95 300

395 95 300

0 0 0

2-year institutions...................................... Males .................................................... Females ................................................

6,605,409 2,738,195 3,867,214

6,492,918 2,689,406 3,803,512

6,207,618 2,573,827 3,633,791

285,300 115,579 169,721

43,836 17,607 26,229

241,464 97,972 143,492

112,491 48,789 63,702

46,125 25,121 21,004

66,366 23,668 42,698

23,279 6,518 16,761

43,087 17,150 25,937

Less-than-2-year institutions..................... Males .................................................... Females ................................................

316,067 85,097 230,970

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † †

316,067 85,097 230,970

61,332 25,541 35,791

254,735 59,556 195,179

16,999 5,354 11,645

237,736 54,202 183,534

Staff, fall 2003 Total..................................................

3,243,351

3,194,169

2,167,902

1,026,267

936,689

89,578

49,182

25,276

23,906

4,091

19,815

Professional staff ...................................... Administrative ....................................... Faculty .................................................. Faculty assistants ................................. Other professionals............................... Nonprofessional staff ................................ Student/staff ratio .....................................

2,309,922 191,561 1,199,658 293,080 625,623 933,429 5.3

2,272,583 186,505 1,174,831 293,047 618,200 921,586 5.3

1,540,676 96,344 792,515 241,286 410,531 627,226 5.9

731,907 90,161 382,316 51,761 207,669 294,360 3.9

655,450 82,456 330,587 51,649 190,758 281,239 3.6

76,457 7,705 51,729 112 16,911 13,121 7.8

37,339 5,056 24,827 33 7,423 11,843 8.7

17,743 1,360 12,749 0 3,634 7,533 4.3

19,596 3,696 12,078 33 3,789 4,310 13.4

3,042 539 2,021 0 482 1,049 9.9

16,554 3,157 10,057 33 3,307 3,261 14.2

Less-than-1-year awards and 1- to 4-year awards...................... 4-year institutions.................................. Males ................................................ Females ............................................ 2-year institutions.................................. Males ................................................ Females ............................................ Less-than-2-year institutions................. Males ................................................ Females ............................................

687,787 30,645 12,414 18,231 414,437 177,458 236,979 242,705 67,266 175,439

379,865 30,403 12,338 18,065 349,462 150,785 198,677 † † †

297,154 11,865 5,545 6,320 285,289 129,214 156,075 † † †

82,711 18,538 6,793 11,745 64,173 21,571 42,602 † † †

13,642 9,741 3,659 6,082 3,901 2,215 1,686 † † †

69,069 8,797 3,134 5,663 60,272 19,356 40,916 † † †

307,922 242 76 166 64,975 26,673 38,302 242,705 67,266 175,439

66,899 0 0 0 24,752 11,478 13,274 42,147 17,640 24,507

241,023 242 76 166 40,223 15,195 25,028 200,558 49,626 150,932

21,674 158 49 109 10,413 3,129 7,284 11,103 4,220 6,883

219,349 84 27 57 29,810 12,066 17,744 189,455 45,406 144,049

Associate’s degrees.................................. 4-year institutions.................................. Males ................................................ Females ............................................ 2-year institutions.................................. Males ................................................ Females ............................................ Less-than-2-year institutions................. Males ................................................ Females ............................................

665,508 123,324 54,238 69,086 542,177 205,860 336,317 7 5 2

665,301 123,324 54,238 69,086 541,977 205,795 336,182 † † †

524,875 49,266 19,498 29,768 475,609 176,004 299,605 † † †

140,426 74,058 34,740 39,318 66,368 29,791 36,577 † † †

45,759 34,453 12,773 21,680 11,306 4,919 6,387 † † †

94,667 39,605 21,967 17,638 55,062 24,872 30,190 † † †

207 0 0 0 200 65 135 7 5 2

172 0 0 0 172 51 121 0 0 0

35 0 0 0 28 14 14 7 5 2

10 0 0 0 10 2 8 0 0 0

25 0 0 0 18 12 6 7 5 2

Bachelor’s degrees ................................... Males ................................................ Females ............................................

1,399,542 595,425 804,117

1,399,542 595,425 804,117

905,718 387,034 518,684

493,824 208,391 285,433

451,518 186,145 265,373

42,306 22,246 20,060

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

Master’s degrees ...................................... Males ................................................ Females ............................................

558,940 229,545 329,395

558,940 229,545 329,395

285,138 115,962 169,176

273,802 113,583 160,219

245,562 101,898 143,664

28,240 11,685 16,555

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

First-professional degrees ........................ Males ................................................ Females ............................................

83,041 42,169 40,872

83,041 42,169 40,872

34,499 16,881 17,618

48,542 25,288 23,254

48,278 25,136 23,142

264 152 112

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

Doctor’s degrees....................................... Males ................................................ Females ............................................

48,378 25,323 23,055

48,378 25,323 23,055

29,706 15,944 13,762

18,672 9,379 9,293

17,501 8,949 8,552

1,171 430 741

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

Degrees conferred, 2003–04

†Not applicable. 1 Includes non-degree-granting institutions and some schools with nonaccredited degree programs. 2Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

3Data

are for institutions that did not offer accredited 4-year or 2-year degree programs, but were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Includes some schools with nonaccredited degree programs. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004, Winter 2003–04, and Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 169. Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances in degree-granting institutions: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2003–04 Selected characteristic

1869–70

1 Total institutions1................................................... Total faculty2 ......................................................... Males ................................................................ Females ............................................................ Total fall enrollment6 ............................................. Males ................................................................ Females ............................................................

3 3

1879–80

1889–90

1899–1900

1909–10

1919–20

1929–30

1939–40

1949–50

1959–60

1969–70

1979–80

1989–90

1999–2000

2003–04

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

563

811

998

977

951

1,041

1,409

1,708

1,851

2,004

2,525

3,152

3,535

4,084

4,236

15,809

36,480 29,132 7,348

48,615 35,807 12,808

82,386 60,017 22,369

146,929 106,328 40,601

246,722 186,189 60,533

380,554 296,773 83,781

355,213 214,648 3 140,565

597,880 314,938 282,942

1,100,737 619,935 480,802

1,494,203 893,250 600,953

2,659,021 1,853,068 805,953

3,639,847 2,332,617 1,307,230

8,004,660 4,746,201 3,258,459

11,569,899 5,682,877 5,887,022

13,538,560 6,190,015 7,348,545

14,791,224 6,490,646 8,300,578

16,900,471 7,255,551 9,644,920

3

5,553 4,887 3 666

3

52,286 3 41,160 3 11,126

3

11,522 7,328 3 4,194

3,105

23,868 19,151 4,717

156,756 3 100,453 3 56,303

237,592 152,254 85,338

3

3

115,817 3 77,972 3 37,845

3 12,704 3 3

3 3

4

4

5

4

4

5

450,000 346,000 4 104,000

675,000 479,000 4 196,000

824,220 577,298 5 246,922

5

1,027,830 5 602,469 5 425,361

5

1,174,831 5 664,775 5 510,056

Earned degrees conferred

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Associate’s, total................................................... Males ................................................................ Females ............................................................

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

206,023 117,432 88,591

400,910 183,737 217,173

455,102 191,195 263,907

564,933 224,721 340,212

665,301 260,033 405,268

Bachelor’s, total7 ................................................... Males ................................................................ Females ............................................................

9,371 7,993 1,378

12,896 10,411 2,485

15,539 12,857 2,682

27,410 22,173 5,237

37,199 28,762 8,437

48,622 31,980 16,642

122,484 73,615 48,869

186,500 109,546 76,954

432,058 328,841 103,217

392,440 254,063 138,377

792,316 451,097 341,219

929,417 473,611 455,806

1,051,344 491,696 559,648

1,237,875 530,367 707,508

1,399,542 595,425 804,117

Master’s, total8 ...................................................... Males ................................................................ Females ............................................................

0 0 0

879 868 11

1,015 821 194

1,583 1,280 303

2,113 1,555 558

4,279 2,985 1,294

14,969 8,925 6,044

26,731 16,508 10,223

58,183 41,220 16,963

74,435 50,898 23,537

208,291 125,624 82,667

298,081 150,749 147,332

324,301 153,653 170,648

457,056 191,792 265,264

558,940 229,545 329,395

First-professional, total7 ........................................ Males ................................................................ Females ............................................................

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

34,918 33,077 1,841

70,131 52,716 17,415

70,988 43,961 27,027

80,057 44,239 35,818

83,041 42,169 40,872

Doctor’s, total........................................................ Males ................................................................ Females ............................................................

1 1 0

54 51 3

149 147 2

382 359 23

443 399 44

615 522 93

2,299 1,946 353

3,290 2,861 429

6,420 5,804 616

9,829 8,801 1,028

29,866 25,890 3,976

32,615 22,943 9,672

38,371 24,401 13,970

44,808 25,028 19,780

48,378 25,323 23,055

In thousands of dollars Finances $5,785,537 $21,515,242 $58,519,982 $139,635,477

—

—

—

21,043,113

56,913,588 134,655,571

—

—

16,845,212

44,542,843 105,585,076

—

—

42,093,580

83,733,387 164,635,000

—

—

11,206,632

20,743,045

—

—

—

—

—

—

$76,883

$199,922

$554,511

$715,211

$2,374,645

—

—

$21,464

$35,084

67,917

172,929

483,065

571,288

1,833,845

4,688,352

16,486,177

Current-fund expenditures ....................................

—

—

—

—

—

—

507,142

674,688

2,245,661

5,601,376

Educational and general expenditures .................

—

—

—

—

—

—

377,903

521,990

1,706,444

4,685,258

Value of physical property ....................................

—

—

95,426

253,599

457,594

747,333

2,065,049

9

2,753,780

4,799,964

13,548,548

Market value of endowment funds........................

—

—

1,372,068

10

1,686,283

10

78,788

10

194,998

10

323,661

10

569,071

—Not available. 1 Prior to 1979–80, excludes branch campuses. 2 Total number of different individuals (not reduced to full-time equivalent). Beginning in 1959–60, data are for the first term of the academic year. 3 Estimated. 4 Estimated number of senior instructional staff. Excludes graduate assistants. 5Because of revised survey procedures, data may not be directly comparable with figures prior to 1989–90. Estimated number of senior instructional staff. Excludes graduate assistants. 6Data for 1869–70 to 1949–50 are for resident degree-credit students who enrolled at any time during the academic year. 7From 1869–70 to 1959–60, first-professional degrees are included under bachelor’s degrees. 8Figures for years prior to 1969–70 are not precisely comparable with later data. 9 Includes unexpended plant funds. 10 Book value. Includes other nonexpendable funds. NOTE: Data for 1869–70 through 1989–90 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly

10

10

2,601,223

10

5,322,080

—

67,978,726

by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States; Education Directory, Colleges and Universities; Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education; Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities; Earned Degrees Conferred; Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education,” “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred,” and “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education” surveys; and 1989 through 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:89–99), “Fall Staff Survey” (IPEDS-S:89–99), “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY90–00), “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:90–00), “Institutional Characteristics Survey” (IPEDS-IC:89–99), Winter 2003–04, Spring 2004, and Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 285 Enrollment

—

—

Current-fund revenue............................................ Educational and general income ..........................

286 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment _

Table 170. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: Selected years, 1947 through 2004 Attendance status

Sex of student

Control of institution Private

Total enrollment

Full-time

Part-time

Percent part-time

Male

Female

Percent female

Public

Total

Not-for-profit

For-profit

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

19471 ............................... 19481 ............................... 19491 ............................... 19501 ............................... 19511 ...............................

2,338,226 2,403,396 2,444,900 2,281,298 2,101,962

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

1,659,249 1,709,367 1,721,572 1,560,392 1,390,740

678,977 694,029 723,328 720,906 711,222

29.0 28.9 29.6 31.6 33.8

1,152,377 1,185,588 1,207,151 1,139,699 1,037,938

1,185,849 1,217,808 1,237,749 1,141,599 1,064,024

— — — — —

— — — — —

19521 ............................... 19531 ............................... 19541 ............................... 19551 ............................... 19561 ...............................

2,134,242 2,231,054 2,446,693 2,653,034 2,918,212

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

1,380,357 1,422,598 1,563,382 1,733,184 1,911,458

753,885 808,456 883,311 919,850 1,006,754

35.3 36.2 36.1 34.7 34.5

1,101,240 1,185,876 1,353,531 1,476,282 1,656,402

1,033,002 1,045,178 1,093,162 1,176,752 1,261,810

— — — — —

— — — — —

1957................................. 1959................................. 1961................................. 1963................................. 1964.................................

3,323,783 3,639,847 4,145,065 4,779,609 5,280,020

— 2,421,016 2,785,133 3,183,833 3,573,238

— 1,218,831 2 1,359,932 2 1,595,776 2 1,706,782

— 33.5 32.8 33.4 32.3

2,170,765 2,332,617 2,585,821 2,961,540 3,248,713

1,153,018 1,307,230 1,559,244 1,818,069 2,031,307

34.7 35.9 37.6 38.0 38.5

1,972,673 2,180,982 2,561,447 3,081,279 3,467,708

1,351,110 1,458,865 1,583,618 1,698,330 1,812,312

— — — — —

— — — — —

1965................................. 1966................................. 1967................................. 1968................................. 1969.................................

5,920,864 6,389,872 6,911,748 7,513,091 8,004,660

4,095,728 4,438,606 4,793,128 5,210,155 5,498,883

2

1,825,136 1,951,266 2 2,118,620 2,302,936 2,505,777

30.8 30.5 30.7 30.7 31.3

3,630,020 3,856,216 4,132,800 4,477,649 4,746,201

2,290,844 2,533,656 2,778,948 3,035,442 3,258,459

38.7 39.7 40.2 40.4 40.7

3,969,596 4,348,917 4,816,028 5,430,652 5,896,868

1,951,268 2,040,955 2,095,720 2,082,439 2,107,792

— — — — —

— — — — —

1970................................. 1971................................. 1972................................. 1973................................. 1974.................................

8,580,887 8,948,644 9,214,820 9,602,123 10,223,729

5,816,290 6,077,232 6,072,350 6,189,493 6,370,273

2,764,597 2,871,412 3,142,470 3,412,630 3,853,456

32.2 32.1 34.1 35.5 37.7

5,043,642 5,207,004 5,238,718 5,371,052 5,622,429

3,537,245 3,741,640 3,976,102 4,231,071 4,601,300

41.2 41.8 43.1 44.1 45.0

6,428,134 6,804,309 7,070,635 7,419,516 7,988,500

2,152,753 2,144,335 2,144,185 2,182,607 2,235,229

— — — — —

— — — — —

1975................................. 1976................................. 1977................................. 1978................................. 1979.................................

11,184,859 11,012,137 11,285,787 11,260,092 11,569,899

6,841,334 6,717,058 6,792,925 6,667,657 6,794,039

4,343,525 4,295,079 4,492,862 4,592,435 4,775,860

38.8 39.0 39.8 40.8 41.3

6,148,997 5,810,828 5,789,016 5,640,998 5,682,877

5,035,862 5,201,309 5,496,771 5,619,094 5,887,022

45.0 47.2 48.7 49.9 50.9

8,834,508 8,653,477 8,846,993 8,785,893 9,036,822

2,350,351 2,358,660 2,438,794 2,474,199 2,533,077

— 2,314,298 2,386,652 2,408,331 2,461,773

— 44,362 52,142 65,868 71,304

1980................................. 1981................................. 1982................................. 1983................................. 1984.................................

12,096,895 12,371,672 12,425,780 12,464,661 12,241,940

7,097,958 7,181,250 7,220,618 7,261,050 7,098,388

4,998,937 5,190,422 5,205,162 5,203,611 5,143,552

41.3 42.0 41.9 41.7 42.0

5,874,374 5,975,056 6,031,384 6,023,725 5,863,574

6,222,521 6,396,616 6,394,396 6,440,936 6,378,366

51.4 51.7 51.5 51.7 52.1

9,457,394 9,647,032 9,696,087 9,682,734 9,477,370

2,639,501 2,724,640 2,729,693 2,781,927 2,764,570

2,527,787 2,572,405 2,552,739 2,589,187 2,574,419

1985................................. 1986................................. 1987................................. 1988................................. 1989.................................

12,247,055 12,503,511 12,766,642 13,055,337 13,538,560

7,075,221 7,119,550 7,231,085 7,436,768 7,660,950

5,171,834 5,383,961 5,535,557 5,618,569 5,877,610

42.2 43.1 43.4 43.0 43.4

5,818,450 5,884,515 5,932,056 6,001,896 6,190,015

6,428,605 6,618,996 6,834,586 7,053,441 7,348,545

52.5 52.9 53.5 54.0 54.3

9,479,273 9,713,893 9,973,254 10,161,388 10,577,963

2,767,782 2,789,618 2,793,388 2,893,949 2,960,597

2,571,791 2,572,479 2,602,350 2,673,567 2,731,174

1990................................. 1991................................. 1992................................. 1993................................. 1994.................................

13,818,637 14,358,953 14,487,359 14,304,803 14,278,790

7,820,985 8,115,329 8,162,118 8,127,618 8,137,776

5,997,652 6,243,624 6,325,241 6,177,185 6,141,014

43.4 43.5 43.7 43.2 43.0

6,283,909 6,501,844 6,523,989 6,427,450 6,371,898

7,534,728 7,857,109 7,963,370 7,877,353 7,906,892

54.5 54.7 55.0 55.1 55.4

10,844,717 11,309,563 11,384,567 11,189,088 11,133,680

2,973,920 3,049,390 3,102,792 3,115,715 3,145,110

2,760,227 2,819,041 2,872,523 2,888,897 2,910,107

213,693 230,349 230,269 226,818 235,003

1995................................. 1996.................................

14,261,781 14,300,255

8,128,802 8,213,490

6,132,979 6,086,765

43.0 42.6

6,342,539 6,343,992

7,919,242 7,956,263

55.5 55.6

11,092,374 11,090,171

3,169,407 3,210,084

2,929,044 2,940,557

240,363 269,527

Year 1 Institutions of higher education

2

2

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

111,714 152,235 3 176,954 192,740 190,151 3

195,991 217,139 4 191,038 220,382 229,423 4

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 287 Enrollment

Table 170. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: Selected years, 1947 through 2004—Continued Attendance status

Sex of student

Control of institution Private

Total enrollment

Full-time

Part-time

Percent part-time

Male

Female

Percent female

Public

Total

Not-for-profit

For-profit

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1996................................. 1997................................. 1998................................. 19995 ............................... 2000.................................

14,367,520 14,502,334 14,506,967 14,791,224 15,312,289

8,302,953 8,438,062 8,563,338 8,786,494 9,009,600

6,064,567 6,064,272 5,943,629 6,004,730 6,302,689

42.2 41.8 41.0 40.6 41.2

6,352,825 6,396,028 6,369,265 6,490,646 6,721,769

8,014,695 8,106,306 8,137,702 8,300,578 8,590,520

55.8 55.9 56.1 56.1 56.1

11,120,499 11,196,119 11,137,769 11,309,399 11,752,786

3,247,021 3,306,215 3,369,198 3,481,825 3,559,503

2,942,556 2,977,614 3,004,925 3,051,626 3,109,419

304,465 328,601 364,273 430,199 450,084

2001................................. 2002................................. 2003................................. 2004.................................

15,927,987 16,611,711 16,900,471 17,272,044

9,447,502 9,946,359 10,311,814 10,610,177

6,480,485 6,665,352 6,588,657 6,661,867

40.7 40.1 39.0 38.6

6,960,815 7,202,116 7,255,551 7,387,262

8,967,172 9,409,595 9,644,920 9,884,782

56.3 56.6 57.1 57.2

12,233,156 12,751,993 12,857,059 12,980,112

3,694,831 3,859,718 4,043,412 4,291,932

3,167,330 3,265,476 3,340,718 3,411,685

527,501 594,242 702,694 880,247

Year 1 Degree-granting institutions

—Not available. 1Degree-credit enrollment only. 2 Includes part-time resident students and all extension students. 3Large increases are due to the addition of schools accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges of Technology. 4 Because of imputation techniques, data are not consistent with figures for other years. 5Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily

2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. These degree-granting institutions participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States; Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1963 through 1965; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1966 through 1985; and 1986 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

288 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 171. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution: 1965 through 2004 All institutions

Public institutions

4-year Year 1

Total

Private institutions

4-year

Total University

Other 4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

Total University

Other 4-year

2-year

Total

Total University

Other 4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

5,920,864 6,389,872 6,911,748 7,513,091 8,004,660

4,747,912 5,063,902 5,398,986 5,720,795 5,937,127

— — — — —

— — — — —

1,172,952 1,325,970 1,512,762 1,792,296 2,067,533

3,969,596 4,348,917 4,816,028 5,430,652 5,896,868

2,928,332 3,159,748 3,443,975 3,784,178 3,962,522

— — — — —

— — — — —

1,041,264 1,189,169 1,372,053 1,646,474 1,934,346

1,951,268 2,040,955 2,095,720 2,082,439 2,107,792

1,819,580 1,904,154 1,955,011 1,936,617 1,974,605

— — — — —

— — — — —

131,688 136,801 140,709 145,822 133,187

1970........................ 8,580,887 1971........................ 8,948,644 1972........................ 9,214,820 1973........................ 9,602,123 1974........................ 10,223,729

6,261,502 6,369,355 6,458,634 6,590,023 6,819,735

— — — — —

— — — — —

2,319,385 2,579,289 2,756,186 3,012,100 3,403,994

6,428,134 6,804,309 7,070,635 7,419,516 7,988,500

4,232,722 4,346,990 4,429,696 4,529,895 4,703,018

— — — — —

— — — — —

2,195,412 2,457,319 2,640,939 2,889,621 3,285,482

2,152,753 2,144,335 2,144,185 2,182,607 2,235,229

2,028,780 2,022,365 2,028,938 2,060,128 2,116,717

— — — — —

— — — — —

123,973 121,970 115,247 122,479 118,512

1975........................ 1976........................ 1977........................ 1978........................ 1979........................

11,184,859 11,012,137 11,285,787 11,260,092 11,569,899

7,214,740 7,128,816 7,242,845 7,231,625 7,353,233

2,838,266 2,780,289 2,793,418 2,780,729 2,839,582

4,376,474 4,348,527 4,449,427 4,451,222 4,513,651

3,970,119 3,883,321 4,042,942 4,028,467 4,216,666

8,834,508 8,653,477 8,846,993 8,785,893 9,036,822

4,998,142 4,901,691 4,945,224 4,912,203 4,980,012

2,124,221 2,079,929 2,070,032 2,062,295 2,099,525

2,873,921 2,821,762 2,875,192 2,849,908 2,880,487

3,836,366 3,751,786 3,901,769 3,873,690 4,056,810

2,350,351 2,358,660 2,438,794 2,474,199 2,533,077

2,216,598 2,227,125 2,297,621 2,319,422 2,373,221

714,045 700,360 723,386 718,434 740,057

1,502,553 1,526,765 1,574,235 1,601,314 1,633,164

133,753 131,535 141,173 154,777 159,856

1980........................ 1981........................ 1982........................ 1983........................ 1984........................

12,096,895 12,371,672 12,425,780 12,464,661 12,241,940

7,570,608 7,655,461 7,654,074 7,741,195 7,711,167

2,902,014 2,901,344 2,883,735 2,888,813 2,870,329

4,668,594 4,754,117 4,770,339 4,852,382 4,840,838

4,526,287 4,716,211 4,771,706 4,723,466 4,530,773

9,457,394 9,647,032 9,696,087 9,682,734 9,477,370

5,128,612 5,166,324 5,176,434 5,223,404 5,198,273

2,154,283 2,152,474 2,152,547 2,154,790 2,138,621

2,974,329 3,013,850 3,023,887 3,068,614 3,059,652

4,328,782 4,480,708 4,519,653 4,459,330 4,279,097

2,639,501 2,724,640 2,729,693 2,781,927 2,764,570

2,441,996 2,489,137 2,477,640 2,517,791 2,512,894

747,731 748,870 731,188 734,023 731,708

1,694,265 1,740,267 1,746,452 1,783,768 1,781,186

1985........................ 1986........................ 1987........................ 1988........................ 1989........................

12,247,055 12,503,511 12,766,642 13,055,337 13,538,560

7,715,978 7,823,963 7,990,420 8,180,182 8,387,671

2,870,692 2,897,207 2,929,327 2,978,593 3,019,115

4,845,286 4,926,756 5,061,093 5,201,589 5,368,556

4,531,077 4,679,548 4,776,222 4,875,155 5,150,889

9,479,273 9,713,893 9,973,254 10,161,388 10,577,963

5,209,540 5,300,202 5,432,200 5,545,901 5,694,303

2,141,112 2,160,646 2,188,008 2,229,868 2,266,056

3,068,428 3,139,556 3,244,192 3,316,033 3,428,247

4,269,733 4,413,691 4,541,054 4,615,487 4,883,660

2,767,782 2,789,618 2,793,388 2,893,949 2,960,597

2,506,438 2,523,761 2,558,220 2,634,281 2,693,368

729,580 736,561 741,319 748,725 753,059

1,776,858 1,787,200 1,816,901 1,885,556 1,940,309

1990........................ 1991........................ 1992........................ 1993........................ 1994........................

13,818,637 14,358,953 14,487,359 14,304,803 14,278,790

8,578,554 8,707,053 8,764,969 8,738,936 8,749,080

3,044,670 3,065,429 3,050,345 3,022,728 3,009,072

5,533,884 5,641,624 5,714,624 5,716,208 5,740,008

5,240,083 5,651,900 5,722,390 5,565,867 5,529,710

10,844,717 11,309,563 11,384,567 11,189,088 11,133,680

5,848,242 5,904,748 5,900,012 5,851,760 5,825,213

2,290,464 2,301,222 2,283,834 2,259,692 2,244,636

3,557,778 3,603,526 3,616,178 3,592,068 3,580,577

4,996,475 5,404,815 5,484,555 5,337,328 5,308,467

2,973,920 3,049,390 3,102,792 3,115,715 3,145,110

2,730,312 2,802,305 2,864,957 2,887,176 2,923,867

754,206 764,207 766,511 763,036 764,436

1,976,106 2,038,098 2,098,446 2,124,140 2,159,431

243,608 247,085 237,835 228,539 221,243

763,702 2,191,005 758,436 2,237,495

214,700 214,153

Institutions of higher education 19651 ...................... 19661 ...................... 19671 ...................... 19681 ...................... 1969........................

1995........................ 14,261,781 8,769,252 2,999,641 5,769,611 5,492,529 11,092,374 5,814,545 2,235,939 3,578,606 5,277,829 3,169,407 2,954,707 1996........................ 14,300,255 8,802,835 2,984,965 5,817,870 5,497,420 11,090,171 5,806,904 2,226,529 3,580,375 5,283,267 3,210,084 2,995,931

2

197,505

2 235,503

252,053 264,136 251,676 261,344 265,857 3 235,168 259,668 267,229 3

Degree-granting institutions 1996........................ 1997........................ 1998........................ 19994 ...................... 2000........................

14,367,520 14,502,334 14,506,967 14,791,224 15,312,289

8,804,193 8,896,765 9,017,653 9,198,525 9,363,858

2,984,965 2,995,886 3,021,136 3,044,369 3,061,812

5,819,228 5,900,879 5,996,517 6,154,156 6,302,046

5,563,327 5,605,569 5,489,314 5,592,699 5,948,431

11,120,499 11,196,119 11,137,769 11,309,399 11,752,786

5,806,036 5,835,433 5,891,806 5,969,950 6,055,398

2,226,529 2,231,273 2,249,825 2,266,494 2,280,122

3,579,507 3,604,160 3,641,981 3,703,456 3,775,276

5,314,463 5,360,686 5,245,963 5,339,449 5,697,388

3,247,021 3,306,215 3,369,198 3,481,825 3,559,503

2,998,157 3,061,332 3,125,847 3,228,575 3,308,460

758,436 764,613 771,311 777,875 781,690

2,239,721 2,296,719 2,354,536 2,450,700 2,526,770

248,864 244,883 243,351 253,250 251,043

2001........................ 2002........................ 2003........................ 2004........................

15,927,987 16,611,711 16,900,471 17,272,044

9,677,408 10,082,332 10,407,553 10,726,181

3,126,907 3,210,271 3,242,515 3,258,982

6,550,501 6,872,061 7,165,038 7,467,199

6,250,579 6,529,379 6,492,918 6,545,863

12,233,156 12,751,993 12,857,059 12,980,112

6,236,455 6,481,613 6,649,441 6,736,536

2,336,922 2,403,149 2,419,631 2,426,495

3,899,533 4,078,464 4,229,810 4,310,041

5,996,701 6,270,380 6,207,618 6,243,576

3,694,831 3,859,718 4,043,412 4,291,932

3,440,953 3,600,719 3,758,112 3,989,645

789,985 807,122 822,884 832,487

2,650,968 2,793,597 2,935,228 3,157,158

253,878 258,999 285,300 302,287

—Not available. 1Data for 2-year branch campuses of 4-year institutions are included with the 4-year institutions. 2 Large increases are due to the addition of schools accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges of Technology. 3 Because of imputation techniques, data are not consistent with figures for other years. 4Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily

2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. These degree-granting institutions participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1965; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education” surveys, 1966 through 1985; and 1986 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 289 Enrollment

Table 172. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, age, and sex: Selected years, 1970 through 2014 [In thousands] Projected2 Sex, age, and attendance status 1

19701

1980

1

1990

1

1995

1

2000

2

2001

2

2002

2

2003

2

2004

2

2005

2010

2014

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Males and females ......................

8,581

12,097

13,819

14,262

15,312

15,928

16,612

16,900

17,272

17,350

18,816

19,470

14 to 17 years old ................................. 18 and 19 years old .............................. 20 and 21 years old .............................. 22 to 24 years old ................................. 25 to 29 years old ................................. 30 to 34 years old ................................. 35 years old and over ...........................

259 2,600 1,880 1,457 1,074 487 823

247 2,901 2,424 1,989 1,871 1,243 1,421

177 2,950 2,761 2,144 1,982 1,322 2,484

148 2,894 2,705 2,411 2,120 1,236 2,747

145 3,531 3,045 2,617 1,960 1,265 2,749

133 3,595 3,408 2,760 2,014 1,290 2,727

202 3,571 3,366 2,932 2,102 1,300 3,139

193 3,578 3,420 3,069 2,235 1,296 3,109

198 3,671 3,508 3,138 2,280 1,319 3,157

201 3,705 3,456 3,143 2,374 1,290 3,181

216 4,067 3,848 3,384 2,724 1,399 3,178

215 3,951 3,845 3,686 2,913 1,573 3,287

Males .................................................... 14 to 17 years old ............................. 18 and 19 years old .......................... 20 and 21 years old .......................... 22 to 24 years old ............................. 25 to 29 years old ............................. 30 to 34 years old ............................. 35 years old and over........................

5,044 130 1,349 1,095 964 783 308 415

5,874 99 1,375 1,259 1,064 993 576 507

6,284 87 1,421 1,368 1,107 940 537 824

6,343 61 1,338 1,282 1,153 962 561 986

6,722 63 1,583 1,382 1,293 862 527 1,012

6,961 54 1,629 1,591 1,312 905 510 961

7,202 82 1,616 1,562 1,342 890 547 1,164

7,256 80 1,595 1,604 1,408 903 536 1,131

7,387 82 1,628 1,637 1,435 918 543 1,145

7,356 83 1,622 1,586 1,417 949 533 1,166

7,872 87 1,760 1,739 1,498 1,071 569 1,148

8,084 84 1,701 1,726 1,617 1,133 636 1,186

Females ................................................ 14 to 17 years old ............................. 18 and 19 years old .......................... 20 and 21 years old .......................... 22 to 24 years old ............................. 25 to 29 years old ............................. 30 to 34 years old ............................. 35 years old and over........................

3,537 129 1,250 786 493 291 179 409

6,223 148 1,526 1,165 925 878 667 914

7,535 90 1,529 1,392 1,037 1,043 784 1,659

7,919 87 1,557 1,424 1,258 1,159 675 1,760

8,591 82 1,948 1,663 1,324 1,099 738 1,736

8,967 79 1,966 1,817 1,448 1,110 780 1,767

9,410 121 1,955 1,804 1,590 1,212 753 1,976

9,645 113 1,984 1,816 1,661 1,332 761 1,978

9,885 116 2,043 1,871 1,704 1,362 776 2,012

9,995 118 2,084 1,870 1,726 1,425 757 2,015

10,945 129 2,308 2,108 1,886 1,653 831 2,030

11,386 130 2,250 2,119 2,069 1,780 937 2,102

Full-time............................................... 14 to 17 years old ............................. 18 and 19 years old .......................... 20 and 21 years old .......................... 22 to 24 years old ............................. 25 to 29 years old ............................. 30 to 34 years old ............................. 35 years old and over........................

5,816 242 2,406 1,647 881 407 100 134

7,098 223 2,669 2,075 1,121 577 251 182

7,821 144 2,548 2,151 1,350 770 387 471

8,129 123 2,387 2,109 1,517 908 430 653

9,010 125 2,932 2,401 1,653 878 422 599

9,448 122 2,929 2,662 1,757 883 494 602

9,946 161 2,942 2,759 1,922 1,013 465 684

10,312 156 2,955 2,827 2,041 1,154 478 700

10,610 161 3,040 2,908 2,099 1,188 493 721

10,483 162 3,043 2,840 2,062 1,208 467 701

11,563 174 3,352 3,173 2,235 1,400 514 714

11,902 174 3,266 3,178 2,443 1,509 584 748

Males ................................................ 14 to 17 years old.......................... 18 and 19 years old....................... 20 and 21 years old....................... 22 to 24 years old.......................... 25 to 29 years old.......................... 30 to 34 years old.......................... 35 years old and over....................

3,505 124 1,265 990 650 327 72 75

3,689 87 1,270 1,109 665 360 124 74

3,808 71 1,230 1,055 742 401 156 152

3,807 54 1,091 999 789 454 183 238

4,111 51 1,250 1,106 839 415 195 256

4,300 43 1,329 1,249 854 397 216 212

4,501 65 1,327 1,275 936 467 183 247

4,632 63 1,310 1,325 1,002 491 188 253

4,739 65 1,340 1,356 1,025 502 193 259

4,584 64 1,315 1,294 986 500 179 247

4,955 67 1,427 1,419 1,043 564 191 244

5,034 65 1,379 1,408 1,122 596 213 251

Females ............................................ 14 to 17 years old.......................... 18 and 19 years old....................... 20 and 21 years old....................... 22 to 24 years old.......................... 25 to 29 years old.......................... 30 to 34 years old.......................... 35 years old and over....................

2,311 117 1,140 657 231 80 28 59

3,409 136 1,399 966 456 217 127 108

4,013 73 1,318 1,096 608 369 231 319

4,321 69 1,296 1,111 729 455 247 415

4,899 74 1,682 1,296 814 463 227 343

5,148 78 1,600 1,413 903 486 277 390

5,445 96 1,615 1,484 985 546 282 437

5,680 93 1,645 1,502 1,039 663 290 447

5,871 96 1,700 1,552 1,074 686 300 462

5,899 98 1,729 1,546 1,076 708 288 454

6,608 107 1,926 1,754 1,193 836 323 470

6,868 109 1,887 1,770 1,321 913 371 498

Part-time .............................................. 14 to 17 years old ............................. 18 and 19 years old .......................... 20 and 21 years old .......................... 22 to 24 years old ............................. 25 to 29 years old ............................. 30 to 34 years old ............................. 35 years old and over........................

2,765 17 194 233 576 668 388 689

4,999 38 418 441 844 1,209 905 1,145

5,998 32 402 610 794 1,213 935 2,012

6,133 25 507 596 894 1,212 805 2,093

6,303 20 599 644 964 1,083 843 2,150

6,480 11 666 746 1,003 1,132 796 2,126

6,665 41 628 607 1,010 1,088 835 2,456

6,589 37 624 593 1,028 1,080 818 2,409

6,662 37 630 600 1,039 1,092 827 2,436

6,867 39 662 616 1,081 1,166 823 2,480

7,253 42 715 675 1,149 1,324 885 2,464

7,568 41 686 667 1,243 1,404 989 2,539

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

290 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 172. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, age, and sex: Selected years, 1970 through 2014—Continued [In thousands] Projected2 19701

19801

19901

19951

20002

20012

20022

20032

20042

2005

2010

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Males ................................................ 14 to 17 years old.......................... 18 and 19 years old....................... 20 and 21 years old....................... 22 to 24 years old.......................... 25 to 29 years old.......................... 30 to 34 years old.......................... 35 years old and over....................

1,540 5 84 105 314 456 236 340

2,185 17 202 201 392 594 397 382

2,476 16 191 313 365 539 381 672

2,535 7 246 283 365 508 378 748

2,611 11 333 276 454 447 332 757

2,661 11 300 342 458 508 294 749

2,701 17 288 287 405 423 364 917

2,624 17 285 278 406 412 347 878

2,648 17 288 281 410 416 351 886

2,772 18 307 292 432 450 354 919

2,917 19 333 320 455 507 378 905

3,050 19 323 318 495 538 423 935

Females ............................................ 14 to 17 years old.......................... 18 and 19 years old....................... 20 and 21 years old....................... 22 to 24 years old.......................... 25 to 29 years old.......................... 30 to 34 years old.......................... 35 years old and over....................

1,225 12 110 128 262 212 151 349

2,814 20 215 240 452 616 507 762

3,521 17 211 297 429 674 554 1,340

3,598 18 261 313 529 704 427 1,345

3,692 9 266 368 510 636 511 1,393

3,820 1 366 404 545 624 502 1,377

3,964 24 340 320 605 666 471 1,539

3,965 20 339 315 622 668 470 1,531

4,014 20 343 319 630 677 476 1,550

4,096 21 355 324 649 716 469 1,561

4,336 22 382 355 693 817 507 1,560

4,518 22 363 349 748 866 566 1,604

Sex, age, and attendance status 1

1 Data are for institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. 2 Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. NOTE: Distributions by age are estimates based on samples of the civilian noninstitutional population. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

2014

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1970 and 1980; 1990 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005; and Projections of Education Statistics to 2014. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 291 Enrollment _

Table 173. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level, sex, age, and attendance status of student: 2003 All levels Age of student and attendance status

Undergraduate

First-professional

Graduate

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

All students ................................. 16,900,471

7,255,551

9,644,920 14,473,884

6,224,381

8,249,503

329,076

166,227

162,849

2,097,511

864,943

1,232,568

489,432 3,561,264 3,381,988 2,804,788 2,268,599 1,355,883 911,932 1,307,286 558,904 74,744 185,651

200,173 1,586,075 1,521,779 1,295,683 990,031 566,266 346,731 444,722 193,624 30,002 80,465

289,259 1,975,189 1,860,209 1,509,105 1,278,568 789,617 565,201 862,564 365,280 44,742 105,186

489,070 3,559,120 3,355,792 2,332,274 1,527,208 947,386 679,814 982,992 401,301 68,327 130,600

200,040 1,585,299 1,512,370 1,106,531 655,898 369,379 241,802 326,908 141,105 26,949 58,100

289,030 1,973,821 1,843,422 1,225,743 871,310 578,007 438,012 656,084 260,196 41,378 72,500

54 1,695 10,691 121,485 123,168 34,579 14,488 14,599 5,922 678 1,717

16 621 3,652 54,971 66,763 20,289 8,338 7,554 2,656 393 974

38 1,074 7,039 66,514 56,405 14,290 6,150 7,045 3,266 285 743

308 449 15,505 351,029 618,223 373,918 217,630 309,695 151,681 5,739 53,334

117 155 5,757 134,181 267,370 176,598 96,591 110,260 49,863 2,660 21,391

191 294 9,748 216,848 350,853 197,320 121,039 199,435 101,818 3,079 31,943

Full-time................................................ 10,311,814 Under 18 ........................................... 142,588 18 and 19.......................................... 3,050,417 20 and 21.......................................... 2,750,265 22 to 24............................................. 1,843,205 25 to 29............................................. 1,119,187 30 to 34............................................. 531,926 35 to 39............................................. 296,856 40 to 49............................................. 359,836 50 to 64............................................. 118,701 65 and over ....................................... 5,468 Age unknown .................................... 93,365 Part-time ............................................... 6,588,657 Under 18 ........................................... 346,844 18 and 19.......................................... 510,847 20 and 21.......................................... 631,723 22 to 24............................................. 961,583 25 to 29............................................. 1,149,412 30 to 34............................................. 823,957 35 to 39............................................. 615,076 40 to 49............................................. 947,450 50 to 64............................................. 440,203 65 and over ....................................... 69,276 Age unknown .................................... 92,286

4,631,735 55,626 1,352,411 1,244,824 889,388 523,030 233,412 115,979 128,652 44,658 2,691 41,064 2,623,816 144,547 233,664 276,955 406,295 467,001 332,854 230,752 316,070 148,966 27,311 39,401

5,680,079 86,962 1,698,006 1,505,441 953,817 596,157 298,514 180,877 231,184 74,043 2,777 52,301 3,964,841 202,297 277,183 354,768 555,288 682,411 491,103 384,324 631,380 291,237 41,965 52,885

9,034,891 142,450 3,048,473 2,727,721 1,482,078 678,677 341,578 208,577 258,098 76,925 3,795 66,519 5,438,993 346,620 510,647 628,071 850,196 848,531 605,808 471,237 724,894 324,376 64,532 64,081

4,044,145 55,573 1,351,702 1,236,592 738,977 306,835 133,428 72,500 87,626 28,889 1,856 30,167 2,180,236 144,467 233,597 275,778 367,554 349,063 235,951 169,302 239,282 112,216 25,093 27,933

4,990,746 86,877 1,696,771 1,491,129 743,101 371,842 208,150 136,077 170,472 48,036 1,939 36,352 3,258,757 202,153 277,050 352,293 482,642 499,468 369,857 301,935 485,612 212,160 39,439 36,148

296,364 51 1,668 10,081 117,203 114,156 28,451 10,399 9,190 3,307 522 1,336 32,712 3 27 610 4,282 9,012 6,128 4,089 5,409 2,615 156 381

148,874 15 609 3,390 52,887 61,908 16,740 5,980 4,789 1,468 327 761 17,353 1 12 262 2,084 4,855 3,549 2,358 2,765 1,188 66 213

147,490 36 1,059 6,691 64,316 52,248 11,711 4,419 4,401 1,839 195 575 15,359 2 15 348 2,198 4,157 2,579 1,731 2,644 1,427 90 168

980,559 87 276 12,463 243,924 326,354 161,897 77,880 92,548 38,469 1,151 25,510 1,116,952 221 173 3,042 107,105 291,869 212,021 139,750 217,147 113,212 4,588 27,824

438,716 38 100 4,842 97,524 154,287 83,244 37,499 36,237 14,301 508 10,136 426,227 79 55 915 36,657 113,083 93,354 59,092 74,023 35,562 2,152 11,255

541,843 49 176 7,621 146,400 172,067 78,653 40,381 56,311 24,168 643 15,374 690,725 142 118 2,127 70,448 178,786 118,667 80,658 143,124 77,650 2,436 16,569

100.0 2.8 21.9 21.0 17.9 13.6 7.8 4.8 6.1 2.7 0.4 1.1 100.0 1.2 29.2 26.9 19.2 11.3 5.0 2.5 2.8 1.0 0.1 0.9 100.0 5.5 8.9 10.6 15.5 17.8 12.7 8.8 12.0 5.7 1.0 1.5

100.0 3.0 20.5 19.3 15.6 13.3 8.2 5.9 8.9 3.8 0.5 1.1 100.0 1.5 29.9 26.5 16.8 10.5 5.3 3.2 4.1 1.3 # 0.9 100.0 5.1 7.0 8.9 14.0 17.2 12.4 9.7 15.9 7.3 1.1 1.3

100.0 3.4 24.6 23.2 16.1 10.6 6.5 4.7 6.8 2.8 0.5 0.9 100.0 1.6 33.7 30.2 16.4 7.5 3.8 2.3 2.9 0.9 # 0.7 100.0 6.4 9.4 11.5 15.6 15.6 11.1 8.7 13.3 6.0 1.2 1.2

100.0 3.2 25.5 24.3 17.8 10.5 5.9 3.9 5.3 2.3 0.4 0.9 100.0 1.4 33.4 30.6 18.3 7.6 3.3 1.8 2.2 0.7 # 0.7 100.0 6.6 10.7 12.6 16.9 16.0 10.8 7.8 11.0 5.1 1.2 1.3

100.0 # 0.4 2.2 33.1 40.2 12.2 5.0 4.5 1.6 0.2 0.6 100.0 # 0.4 2.3 35.5 41.6 11.2 4.0 3.2 1.0 0.2 0.5 100.0 # 0.1 1.5 12.0 28.0 20.5 13.6 15.9 6.8 0.4 1.2

100.1 # 0.7 4.3 40.8 34.6 8.8 3.8 4.3 2.0 0.2 0.5 100.0 # 0.7 4.5 43.6 35.4 7.9 3.0 3.0 1.2 0.1 0.4 100.0 # 0.1 2.3 14.3 27.1 16.8 11.3 17.2 9.3 0.6 1.1

100.0 # # 0.7 16.7 29.5 17.8 10.4 14.8 7.2 0.3 2.5 100.0 # # 1.3 24.9 33.3 16.5 7.9 9.4 3.9 0.1 2.6 100.0 # # 0.3 9.6 26.1 19.0 12.5 19.4 10.1 0.4 2.5

100.0 # # 0.7 15.5 30.9 20.4 11.2 12.7 5.8 0.3 2.5 100.0 # # 1.1 22.2 35.2 19.0 8.5 8.3 3.3 0.1 2.3 100.0 # # 0.2 8.6 26.5 21.9 13.9 17.4 8.3 0.5 2.6

100.0 # # 0.8 17.6 28.5 16.0 9.8 16.2 8.3 0.2 2.6 100.0 # # 1.4 27.0 31.8 14.5 7.5 10.4 4.5 0.1 2.8 100.0 # # 0.3 10.2 25.9 17.2 11.7 20.7 11.2 0.4 2.4

1

Under 18............................................... 18 and 19.............................................. 20 and 21.............................................. 22 to 24................................................. 25 to 29................................................. 30 to 34................................................. 35 to 39................................................. 40 to 49................................................. 50 to 64................................................. 65 and over........................................... Age unknown........................................

Females

Percentage distribution All students ................................. Under 18............................................... 18 and 19.............................................. 20 and 21.............................................. 22 to 24................................................. 25 to 29................................................. 30 to 34................................................. 35 to 39................................................. 40 to 49................................................. 50 to 64................................................. 65 and over........................................... Age unknown........................................ Full-time................................................ Under 18 ........................................... 18 and 19.......................................... 20 and 21.......................................... 22 to 24............................................. 25 to 29............................................. 30 to 34............................................. 35 to 39............................................. 40 to 49............................................. 50 to 64............................................. 65 and over ....................................... Age unknown .................................... Part-time ............................................... Under 18 ........................................... 18 and 19.......................................... 20 and 21.......................................... 22 to 24............................................. 25 to 29............................................. 30 to 34............................................. 35 to 39............................................. 40 to 49............................................. 50 to 64............................................. 65 and over ....................................... Age unknown ....................................

100.0 2.9 21.1 20.0 16.6 13.4 8.0 5.4 7.7 3.3 0.4 1.1 100.0 1.4 29.6 26.7 17.9 10.9 5.2 2.9 3.5 1.2 0.1 0.9 100.0 5.3 7.8 9.6 14.6 17.4 12.5 9.3 14.4 6.7 1.1 1.4

#Rounds to zero. NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Totals may differ from figures reported in other tables because of varying survey methodologies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

100.0 3.5 23.9 22.3 14.9 10.6 7.0 5.3 8.0 3.2 0.5 0.9 100.0 1.7 34.0 29.9 14.9 7.5 4.2 2.7 3.4 1.0 # 0.7 100.0 6.2 8.5 10.8 14.8 15.3 11.3 9.3 14.9 6.5 1.2 1.1

100.0 # 0.5 3.2 36.9 37.4 10.5 4.4 4.4 1.8 0.2 0.5 100.0 # 0.6 3.4 39.5 38.5 9.6 3.5 3.1 1.1 0.2 0.5 100.0 # 0.1 1.9 13.1 27.5 18.7 12.5 16.5 8.0 0.5 1.2

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

292 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 174. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution, and age and attendance status of student: 2003 All institutions Age of student and attendance status 1

Private not-for-profit institutions only

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

6,492,918 12,857,059

6,649,441

6,207,618

4,043,412

3,758,112

285,300

3,340,718

3,296,882

43,836

All students ................................. 16,900,471 10,407,553 Under 18............................................... 18 and 19.............................................. 20 and 21.............................................. 22 to 24................................................. 25 to 29................................................. 30 to 34................................................. 35 to 39................................................. 40 to 49................................................. 50 to 64................................................. 65 and over........................................... Age unknown........................................

Private (not-for-profit and for-profit) institutions

Public institutions

2-year

489,432 3,561,264 3,381,988 2,804,788 2,268,599 1,355,883 911,932 1,307,286 558,904 74,744 185,651

158,290 2,224,700 2,315,608 1,909,601 1,439,458 783,691 487,007 672,967 271,947 15,746 128,538

331,142 1,336,564 1,066,380 895,187 829,141 572,192 424,925 634,319 286,957 58,998 57,113

432,486 2,766,397 2,581,093 2,196,109 1,674,025 994,124 671,196 975,487 431,702 68,662 65,778

104,808 1,481,578 1,563,933 1,350,855 894,567 451,791 264,711 361,865 151,003 10,006 14,324

327,678 1,284,819 1,017,160 845,254 779,458 542,333 406,485 613,622 280,699 58,656 51,454

56,946 794,867 800,895 608,679 594,574 361,759 240,736 331,799 127,202 6,082 119,873

53,482 743,122 751,675 558,746 544,891 331,900 222,296 311,102 120,944 5,740 114,214

3,464 51,745 49,220 49,933 49,683 29,859 18,440 20,697 6,258 342 5,659

53,116 719,874 717,918 512,978 472,660 268,508 178,242 249,212 101,076 5,226 61,908

51,548 709,368 710,504 506,810 466,688 264,631 175,505 245,645 99,777 5,123 61,283

1,568 10,506 7,414 6,168 5,972 3,877 2,737 3,567 1,299 103 625

Full-time................................................ 10,311,814 Under 18 ........................................... 142,588 18 and 19.......................................... 3,050,417 20 and 21.......................................... 2,750,265 22 to 24............................................. 1,843,205 25 to 29............................................. 1,119,187 30 to 34............................................. 531,926 35 to 39............................................. 296,856 40 to 49............................................. 359,836 50 to 64............................................. 118,701 65 and over ....................................... 5,468 Age unknown .................................... 93,365

7,666,319 81,306 2,130,672 2,155,416 1,491,602 847,553 372,431 196,818 235,035 77,588 2,972 74,926

2,645,495 61,282 919,745 594,849 351,603 271,634 159,495 100,038 124,801 41,113 2,496 18,439

7,265,049 109,098 2,280,392 1,987,517 1,351,960 734,186 329,772 175,762 207,806 67,047 3,196 18,313

4,864,068 50,411 1,409,739 1,437,163 1,043,600 504,031 194,586 90,379 99,061 30,740 962 3,396

2,400,981 58687 870,653 550,354 308,360 230,155 135,186 85,383 108,745 36,307 2,234 14,917

3,046,765 33,490 770,025 762,748 491,245 385,001 202,154 121,094 152,030 51,654 2,272 75,052

2,802,251 30,895 720,933 718,253 448,002 343,522 177,845 106,439 135,974 46,848 2,010 71,530

244,514 2,595 49,092 44,495 43,243 41,479 24,309 14,655 16,056 4,806 262 3,522

2,473,406 30,301 701,057 690,865 413,846 290,625 129,676 73,190 88,114 31,349 1,640 22,743

2,441,235 29468 691,201 684,565 409,247 286,603 127,369 71,692 86,348 30,760 1,581 22,401

32,171 833 9,856 6,300 4,599 4,022 2,307 1,498 1,766 589 59 342

Part-time ............................................... Under 18 ........................................... 18 and 19.......................................... 20 and 21.......................................... 22 to 24............................................. 25 to 29............................................. 30 to 34............................................. 35 to 39............................................. 40 to 49............................................. 50 to 64............................................. 65 and over ....................................... Age unknown ....................................

6,588,657 346,844 510,847 631,723 961,583 1,149,412 823,957 615,076 947,450 440,203 69,276 92,286

2,741,234 76,984 94,028 160,192 417,999 591,905 411,260 290,189 437,932 194,359 12,774 53,612

3,847,423 269,860 416,819 471,531 543,584 557,507 412,697 324,887 509,518 245,844 56,502 38,674

5,592,010 323,388 486,005 593,576 844,149 939,839 664,352 495,434 767,681 364,655 65,466 47,465

1,785,373 54,397 71,839 126,770 307,255 390,536 257,205 174,332 262,804 120,263 9,044 10,928

3,806,637 268,991 414,166 466,806 536,894 549,303 407,147 321,102 504,877 244,392 56,422 36,537

996,647 23,456 24,842 38,147 117,434 209,573 159,605 119,642 179,769 75,548 3,810 44,821

955,861 22,587 22,189 33,422 110,744 201,369 154,055 115,857 175,128 74,096 3,730 42,684

40,786 869 2,653 4,725 6,690 8,204 5,550 3,785 4,641 1,452 80 2,137

867,312 22,815 18,817 27,053 99,132 182,035 138,832 105,052 161,098 69,727 3,586 39,165

855,647 22,080 18,167 25,939 97,563 180,085 137,262 103,813 159,297 69,017 3,542 38,882

11,665 735 650 1,114 1,569 1,950 1,570 1,239 1,801 710 44 283

All students .................................

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Under 18............................................... 18 and 19.............................................. 20 and 21.............................................. 22 to 24................................................. 25 to 29................................................. 30 to 34................................................. 35 to 39................................................. 40 to 49................................................. 50 to 64................................................. 65 and over........................................... Age unknown........................................

2.9 21.1 20.0 16.6 13.4 8.0 5.4 7.7 3.3 0.4 1.1

1.5 21.4 22.2 18.3 13.8 7.5 4.7 6.5 2.6 0.2 1.2

5.1 20.6 16.4 13.8 12.8 8.8 6.5 9.8 4.4 0.9 0.9

3.4 21.5 20.1 17.1 13.0 7.7 5.2 7.6 3.4 0.5 0.5

1.6 22.3 23.5 20.3 13.5 6.8 4.0 5.4 2.3 0.2 0.2

5.3 20.7 16.4 13.6 12.6 8.7 6.5 9.9 4.5 0.9 0.8

1.4 19.7 19.8 15.1 14.7 8.9 6.0 8.2 3.1 0.2 3.0

1.4 19.8 20.0 14.9 14.5 8.8 5.9 8.3 3.2 0.2 3.0

1.2 18.1 17.3 17.5 17.4 10.5 6.5 7.3 2.2 0.1 2.0

1.6 21.5 21.5 15.4 14.1 8.0 5.3 7.5 3.0 0.2 1.9

1.6 21.5 21.6 15.4 14.2 8.0 5.3 7.5 3.0 0.2 1.9

3.6 24.0 16.9 14.1 13.6 8.8 6.2 8.1 3.0 0.2 1.4

Full-time................................................ Under 18 ........................................... 18 and 19.......................................... 20 and 21.......................................... 22 to 24............................................. 25 to 29............................................. 30 to 34............................................. 35 to 39............................................. 40 to 49............................................. 50 to 64............................................. 65 and over ....................................... Age unknown ....................................

100.0 1.4 29.6 26.7 17.9 10.9 5.2 2.9 3.5 1.2 0.1 0.9

100.0 1.1 27.8 28.1 19.5 11.1 4.9 2.6 3.1 1.0 0.0 1.0

100.0 2.3 34.8 22.5 13.3 10.3 6.0 3.8 4.7 1.6 0.1 0.7

100.0 1.5 31.4 27.4 18.6 10.1 4.5 2.4 2.9 0.9 0.0 0.3

100.0 1.0 29.0 29.5 21.5 10.4 4.0 1.9 2.0 0.6 0.0 0.1

100.0 2.4 36.3 22.9 12.8 9.6 5.6 3.6 4.5 1.5 0.1 0.6

100.0 1.1 25.3 25.0 16.1 12.6 6.6 4.0 5.0 1.7 0.1 2.5

100.0 1.1 25.7 25.6 16.0 12.3 6.3 3.8 4.9 1.7 0.1 2.6

100.0 1.1 20.1 18.2 17.7 17.0 9.9 6.0 6.6 2.0 0.2 1.4

100.0 1.2 28.3 27.9 16.7 11.7 5.2 3.0 3.6 1.3 0.1 0.9

100.0 1.2 28.3 28.0 16.8 11.7 5.2 2.9 3.5 1.3 0.1 0.9

100.0 2.6 30.6 19.6 14.3 12.5 7.2 4.7 5.5 1.8 0.2 1.1

Part-time ............................................... Under 18 ........................................... 18 and 19.......................................... 20 and 21.......................................... 22 to 24............................................. 25 to 29............................................. 30 to 34............................................. 35 to 39............................................. 40 to 49............................................. 50 to 64............................................. 65 and over ....................................... Age unknown ....................................

100.0 5.3 7.8 9.6 14.6 17.4 12.5 9.3 14.4 6.7 1.1 1.4

100.0 2.8 3.4 5.8 15.2 21.6 15.0 10.6 16.0 7.1 0.5 2.0

100.0 7.0 10.8 12.3 14.1 14.5 10.7 8.4 13.2 6.4 1.5 1.0

100.0 5.8 8.7 10.6 15.1 16.8 11.9 8.9 13.7 6.5 1.2 0.8

100.0 3.0 4.0 7.1 17.2 21.9 14.4 9.8 14.7 6.7 0.5 0.6

100.0 7.1 10.9 12.3 14.1 14.4 10.7 8.4 13.3 6.4 1.5 1.0

100.0 2.4 2.5 3.8 11.8 21.0 16.0 12.0 18.0 7.6 0.4 4.5

100.0 2.4 2.3 3.5 11.6 21.1 16.1 12.1 18.3 7.8 0.4 4.5

100.0 2.1 6.5 11.6 16.4 20.1 13.6 9.3 11.4 3.6 0.2 5.2

100.0 2.6 2.2 3.1 11.4 21.0 16.0 12.1 18.6 8.0 0.4 4.5

100.0 2.6 2.1 3.0 11.4 21.0 16.0 12.1 18.6 8.1 0.4 4.5

100.0 6.3 5.6 9.5 13.5 16.7 13.5 10.6 15.4 6.1 0.4 2.4

Percentage distribution

NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Totals may differ from figures reported in other tables because of varying survey methodologies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 293 Enrollment

Table 175. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of enrollment, sex, attendance status, and type and control of institution: 2004 Attendance status, and type and control of institution 1

Total

Undergraduate

First-professional

Graduate

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Total.............................................. 17,272,044

7,387,262

9,884,782 14,780,630

6,340,048

8,440,582

334,529

168,438

166,091

2,156,885

878,776

1,278,109

Full-time................................................ 10,610,177 Part-time ............................................... 6,661,867

4,739,355 2,647,907

5,870,822 4,013,960

9,284,336 5,496,294

4,140,628 2,199,420

5,143,708 3,296,874

301,543 32,986

150,860 17,578

150,683 15,408

1,024,298 1,132,587

447,867 430,909

576,431 701,678

4-year............................................ 10,726,181

4,689,666

6,036,515

8,235,060

3,642,541

4,592,519

334,529

168,438

166,091

2,156,592

878,687

1,277,905

Full-time................................................ Part-time ...............................................

7,926,639 2,799,542

3,572,783 1,116,883

4,353,856 1,682,659

6,600,847 1,634,213

2,974,074 668,467

3,626,773 965,746

301,543 32,986

150,860 17,578

150,683 15,408

1,024,249 1,132,343

447,849 430,838

576,400 701,505

2-year............................................

6,545,863

2,697,596

3,848,267

6,545,570

2,697,507

3,848,063

†

†

†

293

89

204

Full-time................................................ Part-time ...............................................

2,683,538 3,862,325

1,166,572 1,531,024

1,516,966 2,331,301

2,683,489 3,862,081

1,166,554 1,530,953

1,516,935 2,331,128

† †

† †

† †

49 244

18 71

31 173

5,559,476

7,420,636 11,650,580

5,009,240

6,641,340

135,756

64,636

71,120

1,193,776

485,600

708,176

Full-time................................................ Part-time ...............................................

Public ........................................... 12,980,112 7,369,432 5,610,680

3,325,073 2,234,403

4,044,359 3,376,277

6,711,857 4,938,723

3,025,625 1,983,615

3,686,232 2,955,108

129,423 6,333

61,514 3,122

67,909 3,211

528,152 665,624

237,934 247,666

290,218 417,958

Public 4-year......................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

6,736,536 4,943,811 1,792,725

2,976,515 2,259,946 716,569

3,760,021 2,683,865 1,076,156

5,407,236 4,286,257 1,120,979

2,426,351 1,960,503 465,848

2,980,885 2,325,754 655,131

135,756 129,423 6,333

64,636 61,514 3,122

71,120 67,909 3,211

1,193,544 528,131 665,413

485,528 237,929 247,599

708,016 290,202 417,814

Public 2-year......................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

6,243,576 2,425,621 3,817,955

2,582,961 1,065,127 1,517,834

3,660,615 1,360,494 2,300,121

6,243,344 2,425,600 3,817,744

2,582,889 1,065,122 1,517,767

3,660,455 1,360,478 2,299,977

† † †

† † †

† † †

232 21 211

72 5 67

160 16 144

Private ..........................................

4,291,932

1,827,786

2,464,146

3,130,050

1,330,808

1,799,242

198,773

103,802

94,971

963,109

393,176

569,933

Full-time................................................ Part-time ...............................................

3,240,745 1,051,187

1,414,282 413,504

1,826,463 637,683

2,572,479 557,571

1,115,003 215,805

1,457,476 341,766

172,120 26,653

89,346 14,456

82,774 12,197

496,146 466,963

209,933 183,243

286,213 283,720

Private 4-year ....................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

3,989,645 2,982,828 1,006,817

1,713,151 1,312,837 400,314

2,276,494 1,669,991 606,503

2,827,824 2,314,590 513,234

1,216,190 1,013,571 202,619

1,611,634 1,301,019 310,615

198,773 172,120 26,653

103,802 89,346 14,456

94,971 82,774 12,197

963,048 496,118 466,930

393,159 209,920 183,239

569,889 286,198 283,691

Private 2-year ....................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

302,287 257,917 44,370

114,635 101,445 13,190

187,652 156,472 31,180

302,226 257,889 44,337

114,618 101,432 13,186

187,608 156,457 31,151

† † †

† † †

† † †

61 28 33

17 13 4

44 15 29

Not-for-profit.......................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

3,411,685 2,522,993 888,692

1,449,223 1,104,447 344,776

1,962,462 1,418,546 543,916

2,389,366 1,964,727 424,639

1,005,076 845,735 159,341

1,384,290 1,118,992 265,298

197,447 171,166 26,281

103,120 88,845 14,275

94,327 82,321 12,006

824,872 387,100 437,772

341,027 169,867 171,160

483,845 217,233 266,612

Not-for-profit 4-year........................... Full-time ........................................ Part-time ....................................... Not-for-profit 2-year........................... Full-time ........................................ Part-time .......................................

3,369,435 2,494,090 875,345 42,250 28,903 13,347

1,433,491 1,092,100 341,391 15,732 12,347 3,385

1,935,944 1,401,990 533,954 26,518 16,556 9,962

2,347,116 1,935,824 411,292 42,250 28,903 13,347

989,344 833,388 155,956 15,732 12,347 3,385

1,357,772 1,102,436 255,336 26,518 16,556 9,962

197,447 171,166 26,281 † † †

103,120 88,845 14,275 † † †

94,327 82,321 12,006 † † †

824,872 387,100 437,772 † † †

341,027 169,867 171,160 † † †

483,845 217,233 266,612 † † †

For-profit ............................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

880,247 717,752 162,495

378,563 309,835 68,728

501,684 407,917 93,767

740,684 607,752 132,932

325,732 269,268 56,464

414,952 338,484 76,468

1,326 954 372

682 501 181

644 453 191

138,237 109,046 29,191

52,149 40,066 12,083

86,088 68,980 17,108

For-profit 4-year ................................ Full-time ........................................ Part-time ....................................... For-profit 2-year ................................ Full-time ........................................ Part-time .......................................

620,210 488,738 131,472 260,037 229,014 31,023

279,660 220,737 58,923 98,903 89,098 9,805

340,550 268,001 72,549 161,134 139,916 21,218

480,708 378,766 101,942 259,976 228,986 30,990

226,846 180,183 46,663 98,886 89,085 9,801

253,862 198,583 55,279 161,090 139,901 21,189

1,326 954 372 † †

682 501 181 † †

644 453 191 † †

†

†

†

138,176 109,018 29,158 61 28 33

52,132 40,053 12,079 17 13 4

86,044 68,965 17,079 44 15 29

†Not applicable. NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

294 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 176. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of enrollment, sex, attendance status, and type and control of institution: 2003 Attendance status, and type and control of institution 1

Total

Undergraduate

First-professional

Graduate

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Total.............................................. 16,900,471

7,255,551

9,644,920 14,473,884

6,224,381

8,249,503

329,076

166,227

162,849

2,097,511

864,943

1,232,568

Full-time................................................ 10,311,814 Part-time ............................................... 6,588,657

4,631,735 2,623,816

5,680,079 3,964,841

9,034,891 5,438,993

4,044,145 2,180,236

4,990,746 3,258,757

296,364 32,712

148,874 17,353

147,490 15,359

980,559 1,116,952

438,716 426,227

541,843 690,725

4-year............................................ 10,407,553

4,566,145

5,841,408

7,981,338

3,535,088

4,446,250

329,076

166,227

162,849

2,097,139

864,830

1,232,309

Full-time................................................ Part-time ...............................................

7,666,319 2,741,234

3,471,317 1,094,828

4,195,002 1,646,406

6,389,452 1,591,886

2,883,750 651,338

3,505,702 940,548

296,364 32,712

148,874 17,353

147,490 15,359

980,503 1,116,636

438,693 426,137

541,810 690,499

2-year............................................

6,492,918

2,689,406

3,803,512

6,492,546

2,689,293

3,803,253

†

†

†

372

113

259

Full-time................................................ Part-time ...............................................

2,645,495 3,847,423

1,160,418 1,528,988

1,485,077 2,318,435

2,645,439 3,847,107

1,160,395 1,528,898

1,485,044 2,318,209

† †

† †

† †

56 316

23 90

33 226

5,511,568

7,345,491 11,521,464

4,955,665

6,565,799

134,361

64,497

69,864

1,201,234

491,406

709,828

Full-time................................................ Part-time ...............................................

Public ........................................... 12,857,059 7,265,049 5,592,010

3,282,703 2,228,865

3,982,346 3,363,145

6,608,279 4,913,185

2,979,670 1,975,995

3,628,609 2,937,190

128,394 5,967

61,581 2,916

66,813 3,051

528,376 672,858

241,452 249,954

286,924 422,904

Public 4-year......................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

6,649,441 4,864,068 1,785,373

2,937,741 2,224,942 712,799

3,711,700 2,639,126 1,072,574

5,314,218 4,207,354 1,106,864

2,381,951 1,921,932 460,019

2,932,267 2,285,422 646,845

134,361 128,394 5,967

64,497 61,581 2,916

69,864 66,813 3,051

1,200,862 528,320 672,542

491,293 241,429 249,864

709,569 286,891 422,678

Public 2-year......................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

6,207,618 2,400,981 3,806,637

2,573,827 1,057,761 1,516,066

3,633,791 1,343,220 2,290,571

6,207,246 2,400,925 3,806,321

2,573,714 1,057,738 1,515,976

3,633,532 1,343,187 2,290,345

† † †

† † †

† † †

372 56 316

113 23 90

259 33 226

Private ..........................................

4,043,412

1,743,983

2,299,429

2,952,420

1,268,716

1,683,704

194,715

101,730

92,985

896,277

373,537

522,740

Full-time................................................ Part-time ...............................................

3,046,765 996,647

1,349,032 394,951

1,697,733 601,696

2,426,612 525,808

1,064,475 204,241

1,362,137 321,567

167,970 26,745

87,293 14,437

80,677 12,308

452,183 444,094

197,264 176,273

254,919 267,821

Private 4-year ....................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

3,758,112 2,802,251 955,861

1,628,404 1,246,375 382,029

2,129,708 1,555,876 573,832

2,667,120 2,182,098 485,022

1,153,137 961,818 191,319

1,513,983 1,220,280 293,703

194,715 167,970 26,745

101,730 87,293 14,437

92,985 80,677 12,308

896,277 452,183 444,094

373,537 197,264 176,273

522,740 254,919 267,821

Private 2-year ....................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

285,300 244,514 40,786

115,579 102,657 12,922

169,721 141,857 27,864

285,300 244,514 40,786

115,579 102,657 12,922

169,721 141,857 27,864

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † †

Not-for-profit.......................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

3,340,718 2,473,406 867,312

1,427,213 1,088,086 339,127

1,913,505 1,385,320 528,185

2,346,569 1,928,994 417,575

990,157 832,822 157,335

1,356,412 1,096,172 260,240

193,533 167,242 26,291

101,127 86,908 14,219

92,406 80,334 12,072

800,616 377,170 423,446

335,929 168,356 167,573

464,687 208,814 255,873

Not-for-profit 4-year........................... Full-time ........................................ Part-time ....................................... Not-for-profit 2-year........................... Full-time ........................................ Part-time .......................................

3,296,882 2,441,235 855,647 43,836 32,171 11,665

1,409,606 1,073,715 335,891 17,607 14,371 3,236

1,887,276 1,367,520 519,756 26,229 17,800 8,429

2,302,733 1,896,823 405,910 43,836 32,171 11,665

972,550 818,451 154,099 17,607 14,371 3,236

1,330,183 1,078,372 251,811 26,229 17,800 8,429

193,533 167,242 26,291 † † †

101,127 86,908 14,219 † † †

92,406 80,334 12,072 † † †

800,616 377,170 423,446 † † †

335,929 168,356 167,573 † † †

464,687 208,814 255,873 † † †

For-profit ............................................... Full-time ............................................ Part-time ...........................................

702,694 573,359 129,335

316,770 260,946 55,824

385,924 312,413 73,511

605,851 497,618 108,233

278,559 231,653 46,906

327,292 265,965 61,327

1,182 728 454

603 385 218

579 343 236

95,661 75,013 20,648

37,608 28,908 8,700

58,053 46,105 11,948

For-profit 4-year ................................ Full-time ........................................ Part-time ....................................... For-profit 2-year ................................ Full-time ........................................ Part-time .......................................

461,230 361,016 100,214 241,464 212,343 29,121

218,798 172,660 46,138 97,972 88,286 9,686

242,432 188,356 54,076 143,492 124,057 19,435

364,387 285,275 79,112 241,464 212,343 29,121

180,587 143,367 37,220 97,972 88,286 9,686

183,800 141,908 41,892 143,492 124,057 19,435

1,182 728 454 † † †

603 385 218 † † †

579 343 236 † † †

95,661 75,013 20,648 † † †

37,608 28,908 8,700 † † †

58,053 46,105 11,948 † † †

†Not applicable. NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 295 Enrollment _

Table 177. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and type and control of institution: Selected years, 1970 through 2004 Attendance status and sex of student, type and control of institution 1 Total.............................................. Full-time................................................ Males ................................................ Females ............................................ Part-time ............................................... Males ................................................ Females ............................................

Institutions of higher education

Degree-granting institutions

1970

1975

19801

1985

1990

1995

19992

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

8,580,887 11,184,859 12,096,895 12,247,055 13,818,637 14,261,781 14,791,224 15,312,289 15,927,987 16,611,711 16,900,471 17,272,044 5,816,290 3,504,095 2,312,195 2,764,597 1,539,547 1,225,050

6,841,334 3,926,753 2,914,581 4,343,525 2,222,244 2,121,281

7,097,958 3,689,244 3,408,714 4,998,937 2,185,130 2,813,807

7,075,221 3,607,720 3,467,501 5,171,834 2,210,730 2,961,104

7,820,985 3,807,752 4,013,233 5,997,652 2,476,157 3,521,495

8,128,802 3,807,392 4,321,410 6,132,979 2,535,147 3,597,832

8,786,494 4,025,721 4,760,773 6,004,730 2,464,925 3,539,805

9,009,600 4,111,093 4,898,507 6,302,689 2,610,676 3,692,013

9,447,502 4,299,890 5,147,612 6,480,485 2,660,925 3,819,560

9,946,359 10,311,814 10,610,177 4,501,098 4,631,735 4,739,355 5,445,261 5,680,079 5,870,822 6,665,352 6,588,657 6,661,867 2,701,018 2,623,816 2,647,907 3,964,334 3,964,841 4,013,960

4-year............................................

6,261,502

7,214,740

7,570,608

7,715,978

8,578,554

8,769,252

9,198,525

9,363,858

9,677,408 10,082,332 10,407,553 10,726,181

Full-time................................................ Males ................................................ Females ............................................ Part-time ............................................... Males ................................................ Females ............................................

4,587,379 2,732,796 1,854,583 1,674,123 936,189 737,934

5,080,256 2,891,192 2,189,064 2,134,484 1,092,461 1,042,023

5,344,163 2,809,528 2,534,635 2,226,445 1,017,813 1,208,632

5,384,614 2,781,412 2,603,202 2,331,364 1,034,804 1,296,560

5,937,023 2,926,360 3,010,663 2,641,531 1,124,780 1,516,751

6,151,755 2,929,177 3,222,578 2,617,497 1,084,753 1,532,744

6,642,033 3,056,957 3,585,076 2,556,492 1,046,340 1,510,152

6,792,551 3,115,252 3,677,299 2,571,307 1,047,917 1,523,390

7,073,011 3,233,608 3,839,403 2,604,397 1,052,007 1,552,390

7,390,323 3,365,427 4,024,896 2,692,009 1,083,223 1,608,786

7,666,319 3,471,317 4,195,002 2,741,234 1,094,828 1,646,406

7,926,639 3,572,783 4,353,856 2,799,542 1,116,883 1,682,659

Public 4-year......................................... Full-time ............................................ Males ............................................ Females ........................................ Part-time ........................................... Males ............................................ Females ........................................

4,232,722 3,086,491 1,813,584 1,272,907 1,146,231 609,422 536,809

4,998,142 3,469,821 1,947,823 1,521,998 1,528,321 760,469 767,852

5,128,612 3,592,193 1,873,397 1,718,796 1,536,419 685,051 851,368

5,209,540 3,623,341 1,863,689 1,759,652 1,586,199 693,115 893,084

5,848,242 4,033,654 1,982,369 2,051,285 1,814,588 764,248 1,050,340

5,814,545 4,084,711 1,951,140 2,133,571 1,729,834 720,402 1,009,432

5,969,950 4,292,863 1,983,766 2,309,097 1,677,087 685,863 991,224

6,055,398 4,371,218 2,008,618 2,362,600 1,684,180 683,100 1,001,080

6,236,455 4,532,209 2,082,146 2,450,063 1,704,246 687,436 1,016,810

6,481,613 4,724,056 2,166,759 2,557,297 1,757,557 706,041 1,051,516

6,649,441 4,864,068 2,224,942 2,639,126 1,785,373 712,799 1,072,574

6,736,536 4,943,811 2,259,946 2,683,865 1,792,725 716,569 1,076,156

Private 4-year ....................................... Full-time ............................................ Males ............................................ Females ........................................ Part-time ........................................... Males ............................................ Females ........................................

2,028,780 1,500,888 919,212 581,676 527,892 326,767 201,125

2,216,598 1,610,435 943,369 667,066 606,163 331,992 274,171

2,441,996 1,751,970 936,131 815,839 690,026 332,762 357,264

2,506,438 1,761,273 917,723 843,550 745,165 341,689 403,476

2,730,312 1,903,369 943,991 959,378 826,943 360,532 466,411

2,954,707 2,067,044 978,037 1,089,007 887,663 364,351 523,312

3,228,575 2,349,170 1,073,191 1,275,979 879,405 360,477 518,928

3,308,460 2,421,333 1,106,634 1,314,699 887,127 364,817 522,310

3,440,953 2,540,802 1,151,462 1,389,340 900,151 364,571 535,580

3,600,719 2,666,267 1,198,668 1,467,599 934,452 377,182 557,270

3,758,112 2,802,251 1,246,375 1,555,876 955,861 382,029 573,832

3,989,645 2,982,828 1,312,837 1,669,991 1,006,817 400,314 606,503

Not-for-profit 4-year........................... Full-time ........................................ Males......................................... Females..................................... Part-time ....................................... Males......................................... Females.....................................

— — — — — — —

— — — — — — —

2,413,693 1,733,014 921,253 811,761 680,679 327,986 352,693

2,463,000 1,727,707 894,080 833,627 735,293 336,168 399,125

2,671,069 1,859,124 915,100 944,024 811,945 352,106 459,839

2,853,890 1,989,457 931,956 1,057,501 864,433 351,874 512,559

2,989,285 2,160,126 972,280 1,187,846 829,159 335,443 493,716

3,050,575 2,226,028 996,113 1,229,915 824,547 332,814 491,733

3,119,781 2,285,510 1,015,634 1,269,876 834,271 331,645 502,626

3,218,389 2,364,851 1,045,439 1,319,412 853,538 337,765 515,773

3,296,882 2,441,235 1,073,715 1,367,520 855,647 335,891 519,756

3,369,435 2,494,090 1,092,100 1,401,990 875,345 341,391 533,954

2-year............................................

2,319,385

3,970,119

4,526,287

4,531,077

5,240,083

5,492,529

5,592,699

5,948,431

6,250,579

6,529,379

6,492,918

6,545,863

Full-time................................................ Males ................................................ Females ............................................ Part-time ............................................... Males ................................................ Females ............................................

1,228,911 771,299 457,612 1,090,474 603,358 487,116

1,761,078 1,035,561 725,517 2,209,041 1,129,783 1,079,258

1,753,795 879,716 874,079 2,772,492 1,167,317 1,605,175

1,690,607 826,308 864,299 2,840,470 1,175,926 1,664,544

1,883,962 881,392 1,002,570 3,356,121 1,351,377 2,004,744

1,977,047 878,215 1,098,832 3,515,482 1,450,394 2,065,088

2,144,461 968,764 1,175,697 3,448,238 1,418,585 2,029,653

2,217,049 995,841 1,221,208 3,731,382 1,562,759 2,168,623

2,374,491 1,066,282 1,308,209 3,876,088 1,608,918 2,267,170

2,556,036 1,135,671 1,420,365 3,973,343 1,617,795 2,355,548

2,645,495 1,160,418 1,485,077 3,847,423 1,528,988 2,318,435

2,683,538 1,166,572 1,516,966 3,862,325 1,531,024 2,331,301

Public 2-year......................................... Full-time ............................................ Males ............................................ Females ........................................ Part-time ........................................... Males ............................................ Females ........................................

2,195,412 1,129,165 720,440 408,725 1,066,247 589,439 476,808

3,836,366 1,662,621 988,701 673,920 2,173,745 1,107,680 1,066,065

4,328,782 1,595,493 811,871 783,622 2,733,289 1,152,268 1,581,021

4,269,733 1,496,905 742,673 754,232 2,772,828 1,138,011 1,634,817

4,996,475 1,716,843 810,664 906,179 3,279,632 1,317,730 1,961,902

5,277,829 1,840,590 818,605 1,021,985 3,437,239 1,417,488 2,019,751

5,339,449 1,931,251 867,867 1,063,384 3,408,198 1,403,685 2,004,513

5,697,388 2,000,008 891,282 1,108,726 3,697,380 1,549,407 2,147,973

5,996,701 2,155,496 961,588 1,193,908 3,841,205 1,596,441 2,244,764

6,270,380 2,333,312 1,034,547 1,298,765 3,937,068 1,604,673 2,332,395

6,207,618 2,400,981 1,057,761 1,343,220 3,806,637 1,516,066 2,290,571

6,243,576 2,425,621 1,065,127 1,360,494 3,817,955 1,517,834 2,300,121

Private 2-year ....................................... Full-time ............................................ Males ............................................ Females ........................................ Part-time ........................................... Males ............................................ Females ........................................

123,973 99,746 50,859 48,887 24,227 13,919 10,308

133,753 98,457 46,860 51,597 35,296 22,103 13,193

197,505 158,302 67,845 90,457 39,203 15,049 24,154

261,344 193,702 83,635 110,067 67,642 37,915 29,727

243,608 167,119 70,728 96,391 76,489 33,647 42,842

214,700 136,457 59,610 76,847 78,243 32,906 45,337

253,250 213,210 100,897 112,313 40,040 14,900 25,140

251,043 217,041 104,559 112,482 34,002 13,352 20,650

253,878 218,995 104,694 114,301 34,883 12,477 22,406

258,999 222,724 101,124 121,600 36,275 13,122 23,153

285,300 244,514 102,657 141,857 40,786 12,922 27,864

302,287 257,917 101,445 156,472 44,370 13,190 31,180

Not-for-profit 2-year........................... Full-time ........................................ Males......................................... Females..................................... Part-time ....................................... Males......................................... Females.....................................

— — — — — — —

— — — — — — —

114,094 83,009 34,968 48,041 31,085 11,445 19,640

108,791 76,547 30,878 45,669 32,244 10,786 21,458

89,158 62,003 25,946 36,057 27,155 7,970 19,185

75,154 54,033 23,265 30,768 21,121 6,080 15,041

62,341 47,275 21,536 25,739 15,066 4,818 10,248

58,844 46,670 21,950 24,720 12,174 4,499 7,675

47,549 36,750 17,965 18,785 10,799 3,540 7,259

47,087 35,511 16,677 18,834 11,576 3,547 8,029

43,836 32,171 14,371 17,800 11,665 3,236 8,429

42,250 28,903 12,347 16,556 13,347 3,385 9,962

—Not available. 1Large increase in private 2-year institutions in 1980 is due to the addition of schools accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges of Technology. 2Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily

2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1970 through 1985; and 1990 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Enrollment in institutions of higher education

Enrollment in degree-granting institutions

Number of higher education institutions2

Number of degree-granting institutions2

Fall 2003

Affiliation1 1

Full-time

Part-time

Total, fall 1980

Total, fall 1990

Total, fall 1995

Total, fall 2000

Total, fall 2001

Total, fall 2002

Total

Males

Females

Males

Females

Fall 1980

Fall 1990

Fall 2000

Fall 2002

Fall 2003

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

All institutions ......................................................... 12,096,895 13,818,637 14,261,781 15,312,289 15,927,987 16,611,711 16,900,471

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

4,631,735

5,680,079

2,623,816

3,964,841

3,226

3,501

4,056

4,071

4,140

Public institutions.............................................................. Federal.......................................................................... State ............................................................................. Local ............................................................................. Other public...................................................................

9,457,394 10,844,717 11,092,374 11,752,786 12,233,156 12,751,993 12,857,059 50,989 50,669 90,046 16,917 18,827 20,080 20,636 (3) 7,181,380 7,842,782 9,548,090 9,915,082 10,350,798 10,486,958 3 ( ) 3,508,941 3,023,723 2,078,090 2,160,205 2,224,950 2,177,133 9,406,405 103,727 135,823 109,689 139,042 156,165 172,332

3,282,703 13,607 2,852,843 372,796 43,457

3,982,346 4,793 3,464,800 457,400 55,353

2,228,865 545 1,661,969 538,690 27,661

3,363,145 1,691 2,507,346 808,247 45,861

1,493 12 (3) (3) 1,481

1,548 17 978 523 30

1,676 12 1,355 277 32

1,685 14 1,359 276 36

1,699 14 1,367 276 42

Private institutions ............................................................ Independent not-for-profit ............................................. For-profit .......................................................................

2,639,501 1,521,614 111,714

2,973,920 1,474,818 213,693

3,169,407 1,511,151 240,363

3,559,503 1,577,242 450,084

3,694,831 1,615,647 527,501

3,859,718 1,667,115 594,242

4,043,412 1,708,135 702,694

1,349,032 578,842 260,946

1,697,733 682,398 312,413

394,951 183,927 55,824

601,696 262,968 73,511

1,733 795 164

1,953 709 322

2,380 729 724

2,386 753 753

2,441 748 804

Religiously affiliated ......................................................

1,006,173

1,285,409

1,417,893

1,532,177

1,551,683

1,598,361

1,632,583

509,244

702,922

155,200

265,217

774

922

927

880

889

Advent Christian Church ........................................... African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church ................. African Methodist Episcopal...................................... American Baptist....................................................... American Evangelical Lutheran Church....................

143 1,091 4,541 6,131 —

— 88 3,220 10,800 —

— — 3,503 11,394 779

— 34 5,980 15,410 743

— 34 7,268 16,277 713

— 271 6,468 15,404 938

— 1,312 4,026 16,073 1,413

— 607 1,876 4,204 599

— 614 1,910 5,971 698

— 50 103 1,896 42

— 41 137 4,002 74

1 3 6 11 —

— 1 5 15 —

— 1 6 17 1

— 2 6 17 1

— 3 5 18 1

American Lutheran and Lutheran Church in America American Lutheran.................................................... Assemblies of God Church ....................................... Baptist ....................................................................... Brethren Church........................................................

3,092 21,608 7,814 38,231 3,925

— — 8,307 99,510 958

1,304 10,459 9,652 105,802 1,456

1,460 — 14,272 107,610 2,088

1,473 — 12,045 111,087 8,690

1,368 — 12,865 119,586 8,416

— — 13,321 120,198 8,762

— — 4,947 40,361 2,543

— — 6,242 54,453 3,291

— — 1,045 10,859 1,116

— — 1,087 14,525 1,812

3 13 10 33 3

— — 11 69 3

1 — 14 68 3

1 — 15 69 4

— — 14 70 4

Brethren in Christ Church ......................................... Christian and Missionary Alliance Church ................ Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) ....................... Christian Churches and Churches of Christ.............. Christian Methodist Episcopal...................................

1,301 1,705 14,913 1,342 2,486

2,239 2,519 30,397 2,263 2,174

2,416 3,723 33,029 3,494 2,598

2,797 5,278 35,984 7,277 1,502

2,807 5,408 35,981 8,357 2,823

19,124 5,659 40,842 9,373 3,224

20,900 5,866 41,436 9,078 3,647

7,008 1,915 11,798 3,454 1,656

9,111 2,701 17,988 3,423 1,829

1,917 528 4,603 1,092 43

2,864 722 7,047 1,109 119

1 3 12 7 4

1 4 18 8 4

1 4 16 18 1

11 4 16 20 3

12 4 17 19 3

Christian Reformed Church ...................................... Church of Christ (Scientist) ....................................... Church of God of Prophecy ...................................... Church of God........................................................... Church of New Jerusalem.........................................

5,408 2,773 — 6,082 170

4,488 2,557 249 5,627 —

4,205 4,320 — 4,410 —

5,999 — — 12,540 —

5,992 — — 13,071 —

6,007 — — 13,606 —

5,963 — — 13,743 —

2,549 — — 4,518 —

2,988 — — 5,888 —

193 — — 1,458 —

233 — — 1,879 —

3 6 — 9 1

2 8 1 9 —

3 — — 7 —

3 — — 8 —

3 — — 8 —

Church of the Brethren.............................................. Church of the Nazarene............................................ Churches of Christ .................................................... Cumberland Presbyterian ......................................... Evangelical Congregational Church..........................

8,482 11,716 9,343 594 80

4,463 10,779 14,611 746 88

2,812 14,466 22,807 799 65

4,187 16,661 30,140 1,112 148

4,363 17,554 30,797 1,250 151

4,461 18,613 31,833 1,375 160

4,660 19,657 32,226 1,610 153

1,761 6,274 10,984 573 21

2,553 8,469 13,122 633 6

131 1,866 3,507 166 83

215 3,048 4,613 238 43

6 10 9 2 1

5 9 19 2 1

4 12 19 2 1

4 10 19 2 1

4 10 19 2 1

Evangelical Covenant Church of America................. Evangelical Free Church of America......................... Evangelical Lutheran Church .................................... Free Methodist .......................................................... Free Will Baptist Church............................................

1,401 833 743 5,543 1,132

1,035 2,355 49,210 5,902 1,177

1,745 3,778 39,089 8,696 1,467

2,387 4,022 49,085 7,323 2,378

2,327 3,422 45,755 7,705 2,438

2,398 2,603 51,996 8,434 2,914

2,531 2,846 53,330 8,921 2,955

679 993 19,834 2,488 1,096

1,021 789 27,095 4,587 1,339

241 731 2,398 592 259

590 333 4,003 1,254 261

1 1 3 5 4

1 2 33 3 3

1 3 34 4 4

1 2 35 4 4

1 2 35 4 4

Friends United Meeting ............................................. Friends ...................................................................... General Conference Mennonite Church ................... Greek Orthodox ........................................................ Interdenominational ..................................................

1,109 5,157 820 204 1,254

— 5,844 1,243 148 11,103

— 6,600 1,046 168 5,571

— 10,898 1,059 132 9,788

— 11,030 1,050 148 13,394

— 11,446 1,110 262 28,185

— 12,009 — 252 21,603

— 4,058 — 195 6,971

— 5,136 — 57 8,129

— 1,105 — 0 3,184

— 1,710 — 0 3,319

1 5 2 1 4

— 6 2 1 17

— 8 1 1 14

— 7 1 1 22

— 7 — 1 23

See notes at end of table.

296 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 178. Fall enrollment and number of degree-granting institutions, by control and affiliation of institution: Selected years, 1980 through 2003

Table 178. Fall enrollment and number of degree-granting institutions, by control and affiliation of institution: Selected years, 1980 through 2003—Continued Enrollment in institutions of higher education

Enrollment in degree-granting institutions

Number of higher education institutions2

Number of degree-granting institutions2

Fall 2003 Full-time

Part-time

Total, fall 1990

Total, fall 1995

Total, fall 2000

Total, fall 2001

Total, fall 2002

Total

Males

Females

Males

Females

Fall 1980

Fall 1990

Fall 2000

Fall 2002

Fall 2003

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Jewish ....................................................................... Latter-Day Saints ...................................................... Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod ........................... Lutheran Church in America ..................................... Mennonite Brethren Church......................................

5,738 39,172 11,727 23,877 1,344

12,217 42,274 13,827 5,796 1,864

11,481 40,086 11,315 4,321 2,269

14,182 44,680 18,866 4,322 2,390

11,232 45,274 19,598 7,947 2,755

7,427 46,762 20,874 4,386 3,114

7,608 48,105 21,189 4,500 2,889

5,704 20,708 7,048 1,677 666

997 21,494 8,987 2,349 1,057

288 2,921 1,803 158 434

619 2,982 3,351 316 732

24 4 15 20 3

63 4 14 5 3

62 4 13 2 3

29 4 13 2 3

30 4 13 2 3

Mennonite Church..................................................... Missionary Church Inc. ............................................. Moravian Church....................................................... Multiple Protestant denominations ............................ North American Baptist.............................................

4,008 487 2,434 5,526 155

2,859 699 2,511 211 —

3,502 1,352 2,804 164 186

3,553 1,647 2,939 4,690 124

3,422 1,660 2,998 4,356 119

3,374 1,746 3,076 4,577 118

3,922 1,848 3,193 4,686 136

1,405 526 589 1,164 45

1,944 788 1,716 1,308 28

183 168 204 1,260 35

390 366 684 954 28

6 1 2 8 1

5 1 2 1 —

5 1 2 7 1

5 1 2 6 1

5 1 2 6 1

Pentecostal Holiness Church .................................... Presbyterian U.S.A. and United Presbyterian ........... Presbyterian Church in America ............................... Protestant Episcopal ................................................. Protestant, other .......................................................

767 47,144 — 5,396 4,072

566 77,700 1,877 4,559 38,136

1,002 70,357 3,809 4,603 60,386

976 78,950 4,499 5,479 30,116

971 81,509 3,530 4,369 22,546

997 80,437 4,328 4,699 20,647

977 82,350 4,371 4,953 19,107

390 30,511 1,645 2,096 5,663

453 41,153 1,665 2,383 8,734

56 3,606 713 213 1,810

78 7,080 348 261 2,900

3 57 — 12 11

3 70 1 9 44

2 64 5 12 34

2 63 4 9 25

2 62 4 10 24

Reformed Church in America.................................... Reformed Episcopal Church ..................................... Reformed Presbyterian Church................................. Reorganized Latter-Day Saints Church..................... Roman Catholic ........................................................

2,713 67 2,014 4,274 422,842

5,525 — 1,556 4,793 530,585

5,582 — 1,771 11,063 594,464

6,002 — 2,355 3,390 636,336

6,105 — 2,226 — 649,782

6,313 — 2,200 — 660,646

6,321 — 3,143 — 684,294

2,378 — 1,147 — 184,830

3,495 — 1,435 — 280,708

209 — 298 — 73,726

239 — 263 — 145,030

4 1 4 2 229

4 — 2 1 239

5 — 2 2 239

5 — 2 — 240

5 — 3 — 242

Russian Orthodox ..................................................... Seventh-Day Adventists ............................................ Southern Baptist ....................................................... Nondenominational ................................................... Unitarian Universalist ................................................

47 19,168 85,281 — 87

38 15,771 49,493 6,758 82

32 17,519 46,042 18,729 126

106 19,223 54,275 23,573 132

89 19,783 47,806 24,756 143

81 1,576 37,324 29,940 170

89 651 38,313 32,257 188

59 88 9,805 8,709 39

8 322 13,794 10,803 83

20 34 6,167 5,745 20

2 207 8,547 7,000 46

1 11 54 — 2

1 11 29 14 2

1 13 32 16 2

1 2 19 18 2

1 1 20 20 2

United Brethren Church ............................................ United Church of Christ............................................. United Methodist ....................................................... Wesleyan Church ...................................................... Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod ....................

545 14,169 127,099 3,583 808

601 20,175 148,851 5,311 931

721 24,013 148,091 7,734 1,165

938 23,709 171,109 11,128 1,660

989 22,763 174,575 12,344 1,776

991 23,091 179,321 13,218 1,731

969 23,661 180,177 15,059 1,726

362 7,413 62,815 4,913 777

471 10,615 83,603 8,317 905

71 1,967 12,744 626 24

65 3,666 21,015 1,203 20

1 16 91 5 1

1 18 96 4 3

1 18 100 4 2

1 17 99 4 2

1 17 98 5 2

Other religiously affiliated..........................................

462

5,743

11,551

2,534

2,850

6,256

7,410

2,110

3,264

489

1,547

1

9

4

6

9

Affiliation 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. 1 Religious affiliation as reported by institution. 2Counts of institutions in this table may be lower than reported in other tables, because counts in this table include only institutions reporting separate enrollment data. 3 Included under “Other public.” NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges,

and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. These degree-granting institutions participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education” and “Institutional Characteristics” surveys,1980; and 1990 through 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90–95), “Institutional Characteristics Survey” (IPEDS-IC:90–95), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 297 Enrollment

Total, fall 1980

1

298 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 179. Total first-time freshmen fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and type and control of institution: 1955 through 2004 [In thousands] Males

Year 1

Total, all freshmen

Females

Type of institution, by control 4-year

Full-time

Part-time

Total

Full-time

Part-time

Total

Full-time

Part-time

Public

2-year Private

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

670 718 724 775 822

— — — — —

— — — — —

416 443 442 465 488

— — — — —

— — — — —

254 275 282 310 334

— — — — —

— — — — —

2

283 2 293 2 294 2 328 2 348

2

247 2 262 2 263 2 272 2 292

2

117 2 137 2 141 2 146 2 153

2

19601 ............................... 19611 ............................... 19621 ............................... 19631 ............................... 19641 ...............................

923 1,018 1,031 1,046 1,225

— — — — —

— — — — —

540 592 598 604 702

— — — — —

— — — — —

384 426 432 442 523

— — — — —

— — — — —

2

396 438 2 445 — 2 539

2

313 336 2 325 — 2 363

2

2

182 210 2 225 — 2 275

2

2

2

2

19651 ............................... 1966................................. 1967................................. 1968................................. 1969.................................

1,442 1,554 1,641 1,893 1,967

— — 1,336 1,471 1,525

— — 305 422 442

829 890 931 1,082 1,118

— — 761 847 876

— — 170 235 242

613 665 710 810 849

— — 574 624 649

— — 136 187 200

2

642 626 2 645 2 725 2 737

2

399 383 2 368 2 378 2 393

2

2

348 478 2 561 2 718 2 776

2

2

2

2

1970................................. 1971................................. 1972................................. 1973................................. 1974.................................

2,063 2,119 2,153 2,226 2,366

1,587 1,606 1,574 1,607 1,673

476 513 579 619 692

1,152 1,171 1,158 1,182 1,244

896 896 858 867 896

256 275 299 315 348

911 949 995 1,044 1,122

691 710 716 740 777

221 238 279 304 345

2

2

13

14

2

2

2

2

1975................................. 1976................................. 1977................................. 1978................................. 1979.................................

2,515 2,347 2,394 2,390 2,503

1,763 1,662 1,681 1,651 1,707

752 685 714 739 796

1,328 1,170 1,156 1,142 1,180

942 855 840 817 840

386 316 316 324 340

1,187 1,177 1,239 1,248 1,323

821 808 841 834 866

366 369 398 414 457

1980................................. 1981................................. 1982................................. 1983................................. 1984.................................

2,588 2,595 2,505 2,444 2,357

1,750 1,738 1,689 1,678 1,613

838 858 817 766 744

1,219 1,218 1,199 1,159 1,112

862 852 837 825 786

357 366 362 334 326

1,369 1,378 1,306 1,285 1,245

887 886 851 853 827

1985................................. 1986................................. 1987................................. 1988................................. 1989.................................

2,292 2,219 2,246 2,379 2,341

1,602 1,589 1,627 1,699 1,657

690 630 620 680 684

1,076 1,047 1,047 1,100 1,095

775 769 779 807 791

301 278 267 293 303

1,216 1,173 1,200 1,279 1,246

1990................................. 1991................................. 1992................................. 1993................................. 1994.................................

2,257 2,278 2,184 2,161 2,133

1,617 1,653 1,604 1,608 1,603

640 625 580 552 530

1,045 1,068 1,013 1,008 985

771 798 760 762 751

274 270 253 245 233

1995................................. 1996................................. 1997................................. 1998................................. 19994 ...............................

2,169 2,274 2,219 2,213 2,352

1,647 1,740 1,734 1,775 1,845

522 534 486 437 507

1,001 1,047 1,026 1,023 1,092

767 806 806 826 863

2000................................. 2001................................. 2002................................. 2003................................. 2004.................................

2,428 2,497 2,571 2,605 2,630

1,918 1,989 2,053 2,107 2,148

509 508 518 497 483

1,124 1,153 1,171 1,181 1,190

894 926 946 967 982

23 2 25 2 27 2 29 2 28 32 34 36 — 2 47 2

53 67 2 67 2 72 2 61

397 386 381 379 386

854 937 1,037 1,089 1,176

772 717 737 737 760

395 414 405 407 415

1,284 1,153 1,186 1,174 1,254

64 63 67 73 74

481 492 455 431 418

765 754 731 728 714

418 419 404 404 403

1,314 1,318 1,254 1,190 1,130

91 104 116 122 110

827 821 847 892 865

389 352 352 387 381

717 720 758 783 762

399 392 405 426 414

1,060 991 980 1,049 1,049

1,211 1,209 1,171 1,153 1,149

846 855 843 846 852

366 355 328 307 297

727 718 697 702 709

400 393 408 411 406

1,041 1,070 993 974 952

88 97 85 74 66

234 241 220 197 228

1,168 1,228 1,193 1,190 1,260

880 934 927 950 982

288 294 266 240 278

732 741 755 793 819

419 427 442 461 474

955 990 924 858 952

63 116 98 100 107

230 226 225 214 209

1,304 1,344 1,400 1,423 1,440

1,024 1,063 1,107 1,140 1,166

280 281 293 283 274

842 867 886 919 925

499 508 518 542 562

952 989 1,037 1,013 1,009

135 134 129 131 133

2

754 738 680 699 746

12

Private

19551 ............................... 19561 ............................... 19571 ............................... 19581 ............................... 19591 ...............................

—Not available. 1Excludes first-time freshmen in occupational programs not creditable towards a bachelor’s degree. 2Data for 2-year branches of 4-year college systems are aggregated with the 4-year institutions. 3Because of imputation techniques, data are not consistent with figures for other years. 4 Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Data for 1955 through 1995 are for institutions of higher education. Data for 1996 and later years are for degree-granting institutions. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it

11

Public

2

58 58 55 59 58

116 3 117

104 121 3 116

includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. Alaska and Hawaii are included in all years. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States; Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1963 through 1965; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1966 through 1985; and 1986 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 299 Enrollment

Table 180. Total first-time freshmen fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, control of institution, and state or jurisdiction: 1998 through 2003 Fall 2003

State or jurisdiction 1

Total, Total, fall 1998 fall 19991 2

3

Full-time

Total, fall 2000

Total, fall 2001

Total, fall 2002

Total

Total

4

5

6

7

8

United States .................... 2,212,593 2,351,932 2,427,551 2,497,078 2,570,611 2,604,714 2,107,321

Part-time

Males

Females

Total

Males

9

10

11

12

967,053 1,140,268

497,393

214,180

Public Private Females institutions institutions 14

15

283,213 1,931,763

13

672,951

Alabama .................................... Alaska........................................ Arizona ...................................... Arkansas.................................... California ...................................

37,821 2,511 41,253 20,865 213,243

39,013 2,217 38,235 21,474 284,667

43,411 2,432 46,646 22,695 246,128

43,674 2,585 42,725 22,030 264,689

43,065 2,661 46,879 23,021 274,436

42,813 2,753 46,363 24,538 247,337

36,968 2,133 36,893 21,191 178,669

16,459 928 17,583 9,280 79,403

20,509 1,205 19,310 11,911 99,266

5,845 620 9,470 3,347 68,668

2,586 223 4,434 1,458 32,583

3,259 397 5,036 1,889 36,085

36,851 2,645 32,186 21,199 193,489

5,962 108 14,177 3,339 53,848

Colorado .................................... Connecticut................................ Delaware.................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

37,992 21,970 7,812 8,843 90,794

38,080 23,173 8,292 8,878 91,068

43,201 24,212 7,636 9,150 109,931

42,834 24,688 8,509 10,825 121,508

44,525 26,408 9,299 10,462 125,322

46,184 26,531 8,766 10,231 130,930

35,820 22,683 7,113 8,162 98,269

17,003 10,237 3,084 3,156 44,266

18,817 12,446 4,029 5,006 54,003

10,364 3,848 1,653 2,069 32,661

4,324 1,399 564 701 14,058

6,040 2,449 1,089 1,368 18,603

35,350 15,923 7,493 1,071 99,911

10,834 10,608 1,273 9,160 31,019

Georgia...................................... Hawaii ........................................ Idaho.......................................... Illinois......................................... Indiana.......................................

53,673 9,519 11,078 108,933 55,003

56,139 8,957 11,202 110,246 56,950

67,616 8,931 10,669 107,592 59,320

67,134 9,560 11,498 107,995 65,582

75,130 9,211 12,950 110,013 62,691

82,614 9,088 11,379 115,479 62,478

63,221 6,909 9,777 85,398 54,465

28,045 2,963 4,375 40,044 25,459

35,176 3,946 5,402 45,354 29,006

19,393 2,179 1,602 30,081 8,013

7,992 959 692 13,406 3,225

11,401 1,220 910 16,675 4,788

65,826 6,980 8,897 83,933 42,920

16,788 2,108 2,482 31,546 19,558

Iowa ........................................... Kansas....................................... Kentucky .................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine.........................................

37,709 27,313 30,299 40,654 8,643

40,071 29,809 30,831 41,212 8,983

39,564 31,424 34,140 45,383 9,231

41,141 32,670 36,579 47,167 9,768

43,860 29,271 37,998 43,149 10,287

41,835 29,685 38,390 46,474 10,721

30,621 23,787 33,214 39,636 9,424

15,164 11,910 14,600 16,207 4,524

15,457 11,877 18,614 23,429 4,900

11,214 5,898 5,176 6,838 1,297

4,501 2,648 1,991 3,269 454

6,713 3,250 3,185 3,569 843

29,273 26,619 28,208 38,477 7,521

12,562 3,066 10,182 7,997 3,200

Maryland.................................... Massachusetts........................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi .................................

35,545 63,300 80,293 45,399 28,775

39,082 65,051 83,746 59,964 28,657

35,552 66,044 84,998 63,893 30,356

38,548 66,774 89,327 64,361 32,406

40,346 67,654 88,325 64,246 37,841

42,335 68,507 88,578 62,456 34,373

32,060 60,597 69,106 49,631 29,481

14,249 27,352 31,194 24,064 12,362

17,811 33,245 37,912 25,567 17,119

10,275 7,910 19,472 12,825 4,892

4,055 2,916 8,056 5,445 1,733

6,220 4,994 11,416 7,380 3,159

35,287 31,884 70,937 48,538 31,122

7,048 36,623 17,641 13,918 3,251

Missouri ..................................... Montana..................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire .........................

44,320 7,904 17,648 11,312 10,505

45,975 8,012 19,970 9,758 11,168

48,639 7,771 19,027 10,490 13,143

48,446 7,786 19,280 11,052 12,553

49,730 7,868 19,928 10,236 12,408

51,106 8,538 20,670 9,969 12,832

44,284 7,659 17,714 7,260 11,295

19,384 3,883 8,291 3,047 5,105

24,900 3,776 9,423 4,213 6,190

6,822 879 2,956 2,709 1,537

2,880 380 1,154 1,224 557

3,942 499 1,802 1,485 980

34,338 7,669 15,795 8,503 7,046

16,768 869 4,875 1,466 5,786

New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York.................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota .............................

48,577 15,391 157,476 66,609 8,293

53,197 14,996 162,406 67,381 8,620

52,233 15,261 168,181 69,343 8,929

53,797 15,785 167,849 74,731 9,332

55,624 15,834 171,246 78,576 9,149

56,108 16,655 178,289 76,675 10,154

47,301 13,574 165,852 61,118 8,788

22,337 6,172 76,648 27,087 4,614

24,964 7,402 89,204 34,031 4,174

8,807 3,081 12,437 15,557 1,366

3,466 1,406 5,220 6,550 552

5,341 1,675 7,217 9,007 814

45,600 14,978 100,059 61,855 8,765

10,508 1,677 78,230 14,820 1,389

Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon....................................... Pennsylvania.............................. Rhode Island .............................

96,062 32,009 22,523 112,170 14,372

93,898 34,028 24,530 119,899 14,071

98,823 35,094 26,946 125,578 13,789

95,580 36,552 27,119 127,255 14,421

100,076 34,659 27,112 131,518 14,819

104,137 37,583 27,262 131,582 15,070

88,440 30,266 21,062 114,607 13,614

40,827 14,511 9,727 54,800 6,278

47,613 15,755 11,335 59,807 7,336

15,697 7,317 6,200 16,975 1,456

6,954 2,890 2,988 6,602 523

8,743 4,427 3,212 10,373 933

74,464 31,590 21,788 73,232 6,872

29,673 5,993 5,474 58,350 8,198

South Carolina........................... South Dakota ............................. Tennessee ................................. Texas ......................................... Utah ...........................................

32,026 8,504 38,626 157,878 25,893

31,517 9,542 39,410 163,120 25,695

32,353 8,597 43,327 181,813 24,953

34,503 8,588 43,411 178,185 28,211

37,589 9,124 44,876 188,647 28,866

37,649 9,577 45,897 206,164 27,783

31,906 8,362 41,444 142,272 21,409

13,874 4,129 18,388 66,184 9,722

18,032 4,233 23,056 76,088 11,687

5,743 1,215 4,453 63,892 6,374

2,210 495 1,698 28,909 3,264

3,533 720 2,755 34,983 3,110

30,811 7,567 30,131 178,260 19,285

6,838 2,010 15,766 27,904 8,498

Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................ West Virginia.............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming....................................

6,812 51,131 32,910 16,164 49,859 4,421

6,914 50,830 33,484 15,797 54,017 3,912

6,810 52,661 36,287 15,659 53,662 4,209

6,941 51,416 38,417 16,136 55,800 5,310

6,583 56,031 36,549 16,826 57,559 6,230

6,341 60,296 38,942 17,858 56,201 6,326

6,031 52,219 33,328 16,617 45,712 5,747

3,020 23,218 15,934 7,552 21,258 3,670

3,011 29,001 17,394 9,065 24,454 2,077

310 8,077 5,614 1,241 10,489 579

131 3,340 2,526 477 3,897 215

179 4,737 3,088 764 6,592 364

3,561 45,055 31,848 14,311 47,261 4,367

2,780 15,241 7,094 3,547 8,940 1,959

U.S. Service Schools .................

3,958

3,788

3,818

4,045

3,898

4,212

4,212

3,482

730

0

0

0

4,212

†

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

300 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 180. Total first-time freshmen fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, control of institution, and state or jurisdiction: 1998 through 2003—Continued Fall 2003

State or jurisdiction 1

Total, Total, fall 1998 fall 19991

Total, fall 2000

Total, fall 2001

Total, fall 2002

Full-time Total

Total

Males

Part-time Females

Total

Males

Public Private Females institutions institutions

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Other jurisdictions ...........

34,572

36,540

39,609

38,182

40,931

43,535

40,273

17,252

23,021

3,262

1,493

1,769

17,512

26,023

American Samoa ....................... Federated States of Micronesia Guam......................................... Marshall Islands......................... Northern Marianas .................... Palau.......................................... Puerto Rico................................ Virgin Islands .............................

435 366 562 190 117 140 32,448 314

723 616 607 236 333 115 33,489 421

297 786 770 199 333 147 36,773 304

440 1,002 729 220 178 147 34,908 558

477 952 756 224 241 103 37,547 631

536 1,102 749 133 307 110 39,967 631

369 988 506 126 231 97 37,520 436

158 497 188 56 78 52 16,113 110

211 491 318 70 153 45 21,407 326

167 114 243 7 76 13 2,447 195

69 60 115 4 40 3 1,154 48

98 54 128 3 36 10 1,293 147

536 1,102 703 133 307 110 13,990 631

0 0 46 0 0 0 25,977 0

†Not applicable. 1 Data for 1999 were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1997 through 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDSEF:97–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 181. College enrollment and enrollment rates of recent high school completers, by race/ethnicity: 1960 through 2004 [Numbers in thousands] Number of high school completers1

Enrolled in college2 Total

Black, non-Hispanic3

White, non-Hispanic

Hispanic3 Percent

Total

Year 1

White, non-Hispanic

2

Black, non-Hispanic3

3

Hispanic3

4

Number

5

Percent

6

Number

7

Percent

8

Number

9

Percent

10

Number

11

Annual

12

3-year moving average

13

14

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1,679 1,763 1,838 1,741 2,145

(43.8) (46.0) (43.6) (44.2) (43.0)

1,565 1,612 1,660 1,615 1,964

(44.7) (46.9) (45.2) (45.2) (45.4)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

758 847 900 784 1,037

(40.9) (42.9) (43.2) (41.5) (45.6)

45.1 48.0 49.0 45.0 48.3

(2.13) (2.09) (2.05) (2.09) (1.89)

717 798 840 736 967

(40.2) (42.2) (42.4) (40.7) (44.8)

45.8 49.5 50.6 45.6 49.2

(2.21) (2.19) (2.15) (2.17) (1.98)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

1965............................ 1966............................ 1967............................ 1968............................ 1969............................

2,659 2,612 2,525 2,606 2,842

(47.7) (45.0) (37.9) (37.3) (36.0)

2,417 2,403 2,267 2,303 2,538

(50.6) (48.0) (40.3) (40.4) (39.8)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

1,354 1,309 1,311 1,444 1,516

(51.4) (50.2) (40.9) (41.7) (42.5)

50.9 50.1 51.9 55.4 53.3

(1.70) (1.72) (1.42) (1.39) (1.34)

1,249 1,243 1,202 1,304 1,402

(50.4) (49.6) (40.1) (40.9) (42.0)

51.7 51.7 53.0 56.6 55.2

(1.78) (1.79) (1.50) (1.47) (1.41)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

1970............................ 1971............................ 1972............................ 1973............................ 1974............................

2,758 2,875 2,964 3,058 3,101

(37.4) (38.0) (37.8) (37.1) (38.6)

2,461 2,596 2,520 2,590 2,620

(40.7) (41.1) (31.2) (30.8) (31.4)

— — 316 324 325

(†) (†) (18.3) (18.5) (19.0)

— — 101 119 121

(†) (†) (14.2) (13.7) (15.2)

1,427 1,538 1,459 1,424 1,475

(42.2) (43.2) (43.1) (43.0) (43.7)

51.7 53.5 49.2 46.6 47.6

(1.36) (1.33) (1.31) (1.29) (1.28)

1,280 1,402 1,252 1,238 1,236

(41.2) (42.5) (39.0) (39.2) (39.4)

52.0 54.0 49.7 47.8 47.2

(1.44) (1.40) (1.42) (1.40) (1.39)

— — 141 105 154

(†) (†) (16.7) (15.2) (17.4)

— — 44.6 32.5 47.2

(†) (†) (4.62) (4.30) (4.58)

— — 46 64 57

(†) (†) (11.7) (13.0) (12.9)

— — 45.0 54.1 46.9

(†) (†) (9.74) (9.01) (8.94)

— — — 48.7 33.7

(†) (†) (†) (5.33) (6.01)

1975............................ 1976............................ 1977............................ 1978............................ 1979............................

3,185 2,986 3,141 3,163 3,160

(38.6) (39.8) (40.7) (39.7) (40.0)

2,701 2,492 2,618 2,615 2,629

(31.9) (33.1) (34.0) (33.7) (32.7)

302 290 325 345 319

(15.4) (15.8) (19.3) (18.4) (19.7)

132 152 155 135 155

(15.8) (16.2) (16.0) (15.3) (16.1)

1,615 1,458 1,590 1,585 1,559

(44.8) (43.6) (45.4) (45.2) (45.1)

50.7 48.8 50.6 50.1 49.3

(1.26) (1.31) (1.29) (1.28) (1.28)

1,381 1,217 1,331 1,321 1,313

(40.5) (39.1) (40.8) (40.6) (40.5)

51.1 48.8 50.8 50.5 49.9

(1.37) (1.43) (1.41) (1.41) (1.41)

126 129 161 160 149

(13.6) (13.8) (17.9) (17.7) (17.5)

41.7 44.4 49.5 46.4 46.7

(3.97) (4.08) (4.65) (4.51) (4.69)

77 80 79 56 70

(14.5) (14.8) (14.8) (13.0) (14.3)

58.0 52.7 50.8 42.0 45.0

(8.44) (7.97) (7.96) (8.44) (7.92)

36.9 53.8 48.5 45.9 46.4

(5.63) (4.68) (4.72) (4.69) (4.83)

1980............................ 1981............................ 1982............................ 1983............................ 1984............................

3,088 3,056 3,100 2,963 3,012

(39.4) (42.2) (40.4) (41.6) (36.5)

2,554 2,490 2,474 2,363 2,331

(30.9) (34.1) (32.9) (33.1) (29.1)

350 349 382 390 433

(19.7) (20.5) (19.6) (21.1) (18.5)

130 146 173 138 187

(17.1) (17.6) (18.2) (17.8) (17.0)

1,523 1,648 1,569 1,562 1,663

(44.6) (45.8) (46.9) (46.7) (46.0)

49.3 53.9 50.6 52.7 55.2

(1.30) (1.30) (1.36) (1.39) (1.37)

1,273 1,367 1,303 1,301 1,375

(39.6) (40.5) (41.5) (40.9) (39.9)

49.8 54.9 52.7 55.0 59.0

(1.43) (1.44) (1.52) (1.55) (1.54)

149 149 137 149 172

(17.7) (17.8) (17.9) (18.7) (19.4)

42.7 42.7 35.8 38.2 39.8

(4.44) (4.44) (4.33) (4.34) (4.15)

68 76 75 75 83

(14.4) (15.1) (15.8) (15.7) (16.2)

52.3 52.1 43.2 54.2 44.3

(8.70) (8.19) (7.96) (8.96) (7.67)

49.8 49.2 49.8 47.3 49.9

(4.78) (4.68) (4.94) (4.73) (4.89)

1985............................ 1986............................ 1987............................ 1988............................ 1989............................

2,668 2,786 2,647 2,673 2,450

(40.1) (38.6) (40.9) (47.0) (46.5)

2,104 2,146 2,040 2,013 1,889

(32.3) (30.3) (32.4) (37.9) (37.3)

332 378 333 378 332

(19.3) (18.4) (20.6) (22.3) (21.3)

141 169 176 179 168

(19.7) (21.7) (20.9) (26.6) (26.5)

1,540 1,498 1,503 1,575 1,460

(45.1) (45.0) (45.1) (50.3) (48.7)

57.7 53.8 56.8 58.9 59.6

(1.45) (1.43) (1.46) (1.57) (1.64)

1,264 1,219 1,195 1,230 1,147

(39.2) (38.8) (38.7) (42.9) (41.7)

60.1 56.8 58.6 61.1 60.7

(1.62) (1.62) (1.65) (1.79) (1.85)

140 140 174 168 177

(17.8) (17.9) (19.3) (21.1) (20.9)

42.2 36.9 52.2 44.4 53.4

(4.78) (4.38) (4.82) (4.91) (5.27)

72 74 59 102 93

(17.0) (17.7) (16.1) (23.6) (22.9)

51.0 (9.76) 44.0 (8.85) 33.5 (8.25) 57.1 (10.14) 55.1 (10.51)

46.5 42.9 44.9 48.6 51.6

(5.19) (5.21) (5.04) (5.99) (6.33)

1990............................ 1991............................ 1992............................ 1993............................ 1994............................

2,362 2,276 2,397 2,342 2,517

(43.0) (41.0) (40.4) (41.4) (38.1)

1,819 1,727 1,724 1,719 1,915

(32.2) (30.3) (30.9) (32.6) (27.0)

331 310 354 304 316

(21.9) (20.2) (21.4) (20.4) (17.9)

121 154 198 201 178

(21.8) (23.5) (23.0) (23.1) (17.3)

1,420 1,423 1,483 1,467 1,559

(45.9) (44.8) (45.4) (45.4) (43.0)

60.1 62.5 61.9 62.6 61.9

(1.60) (1.62) (1.58) (1.59) (1.43)

1,147 1,129 1,109 1,082 1,236

(38.5) (37.2) (37.4) (37.9) (35.5)

63.0 65.4 64.3 62.9 64.5

(1.80) (1.82) (1.84) (1.85) (1.61)

155 144 171 169 161

(19.7) (18.8) (20.2) (19.6) (16.7)

46.8 46.4 48.2 55.6 50.8

(5.08) (5.25) (4.92) (5.28) (4.42)

52 88 109 125 87

(16.0) (19.9) (21.0) (21.9) (14.0)

42.7 (10.82) 57.2 (9.58) 55.0 (8.50) 62.2 (8.22) 49.1 (6.28)

51.7 51.6 58.1 55.4 55.0

(5.70) (5.52) (5.04) (4.97) (3.23)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 301 Enrollment

1960............................ 1961............................ 1962............................ 1963............................ 1964............................

[Numbers in thousands] 1

Enrolled in college2

Number of high school completers

Total

Black, non-Hispanic3

White, non-Hispanic

Hispanic3 Percent

Total

Year 1

White, non-Hispanic

2

Black, non-Hispanic3

3

Hispanic3

4

Number

5

Percent

6

Number

7

Percent

8

Number

9

Percent

10

Number

11

Annual

12

3-year moving average

13

14

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1995............................ 1996............................ 1997............................ 1998............................ 1999............................

2,599 2,660 2,769 2,810 2,897

(40.9) (40.5) (41.8) (43.9) (41.5)

1,861 1,875 1,909 1,980 1,978

(30.1) (30.8) (31.8) (33.0) (31.8)

349 406 384 386 436

(19.2) (17.3) (19.2) (20.2) (15.2)

288 227 336 314 329

(19.4) (18.9) (19.0) (20.8) (20.9)

1,610 1,729 1,856 1,844 1,822

(44.5) (46.1) (47.3) (48.3) (47.8)

61.9 65.0 67.0 65.6 62.9

(1.41) (1.42) (1.38) (1.38) (1.38)

1,197 1,264 1,301 1,357 1,311

(36.1) (37.5) (38.1) (39.0) (38.6)

64.3 67.4 68.2 68.5 66.3

(1.64) (1.67) (1.64) (1.61) (1.64)

179 227 225 239 257

(17.6) (19.0) (19.4) (20.0) (19.1)

51.2 56.0 58.5 61.9 58.9

(4.20) (4.03) (4.12) (4.05) (3.86)

155 115 220 149 139

(17.6) (16.3) (19.7) (18.3) (18.0)

53.7 50.8 65.6 47.4 42.3

(4.92) (5.79) (4.53) (4.92) (4.76)

51.2 56.7 54.6 51.8 47.5

(3.18) (2.97) (2.94) (2.79) (2.84)

2000............................ 2001............................ 2002............................ 20034 .......................... 20044 ..........................

2,756 2,549 2,796 2,677 2,752

(45.3) (46.5) (42.7) (42.2) (40.0)

1,938 1,834 1,903 1,832 1,854

(32.9) (34.8) (31.3) (30.8) (30.9)

393 381 382 327 398

(20.0) (20.3) (19.1) (18.4) (15.5)

300 241 344 314 286

(22.4) (21.1) (21.6) (20.9) (19.9)

1,745 1,574 1,824 1,711 1,835

(48.4) (47.5) (46.1) (45.2) (44.9)

63.3 61.8 65.2 63.9 66.7

(1.41) (1.48) (1.31) (1.35) (1.31)

1,272 1,178 1,314 1,213 1,276

(38.8) (38.7) (36.5) (35.9) (36.1)

65.7 64.3 69.1 66.2 68.8

(1.66) (1.72) (1.55) (1.61) (1.57)

216 210 227 188 249

(19.5) (19.4) (18.7) (17.4) (17.9)

54.9 55.0 59.4 57.5 62.5

(4.11) (4.17) (3.90) (4.25) (3.77)

159 124 184 184 177

(19.2) (17.4) (19.2) (18.9) (18.4)

52.9 51.7 53.6 58.6 61.8

(5.03) (5.63) (4.46) (4.61) (4.76)

49.0 52.7 54.6 58.0 —

(2.96) (2.93) (2.75) (2.66) (†)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Individuals ages 16 to 24 who graduated from high school or completed a GED during the preceding 12 months. 2 Enrollment in college as of October of each year for individuals ages 16 to 24 who completed high school during the preceding 12 months. 3Due to the small sample size, data are subject to relatively large sampling errors. 4 White, non-Hispanic and Black, non-Hispanic data exclude persons identifying themselves as multiracial.

NOTE: High school completion data in this table differ from figures appearing in other tables because of varying survey procedures and coverage. High school completers include GED recipients. Moving averages are used to produce more stable estimates. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: American College Testing Program, unpublished tabulations, derived from statistics collected by the Census Bureau, 1960 through 1969. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 1970 through October 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

302 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 181. College enrollment and enrollment rates of recent high school completers, by race/ethnicity: 1960 through 2004—Continued

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 303 Enrollment

Table 182. College enrollment and enrollment rates of recent high school completers, by sex: 1960 through 2004 [Numbers in thousands] Number of high school completers1

Enrolled in college2 Total

Year 1

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Number

Percent

Number

Percent

Number

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Percent 10

1960.................................... 1961.................................... 1962.................................... 1963.................................... 1964....................................

1,679 1,763 1,838 1,741 2,145

(43.8) (46.0) (43.6) (44.2) (43.0)

756 790 872 794 997

(31.8) (33.2) (31.5) (32.1) (31.9)

923 973 966 947 1,148

(29.6) (31.3) (30.0) (30.0) (28.5)

758 847 900 784 1,037

(40.9) (42.9) (43.2) (41.5) (45.6)

45.1 48.0 49.0 45.0 48.3

(2.13) (2.09) (2.05) (2.09) (1.89)

408 445 480 415 570

(29.5) (30.8) (31.1) (29.8) (32.9)

54.0 56.3 55.0 52.3 57.2

(3.18) (3.10) (2.96) (3.11) (2.75)

350 402 420 369 467

(28.2) (29.9) (30.0) (28.8) (31.4)

37.9 41.3 43.5 39.0 40.7

(2.80) (2.77) (2.80) (2.78) (2.54)

1965.................................... 1966.................................... 1967.................................... 1968.................................... 1969....................................

2,659 2,612 2,525 2,606 2,842

(47.7) (45.0) (37.9) (37.3) (36.0)

1,254 1,207 1,142 1,184 1,352

(35.1) (33.8) (28.4) (28.2) (26.8)

1,405 1,405 1,383 1,422 1,490

(32.0) (29.0) (24.3) (23.8) (23.7)

1,354 1,309 1,311 1,444 1,516

(51.4) (50.2) (40.9) (41.7) (42.5)

50.9 50.1 51.9 55.4 53.3

(1.70) (1.72) (1.42) (1.39) (1.34)

718 709 658 748 812

(36.7) (36.0) (28.9) (29.6) (30.3)

57.3 58.7 57.6 63.2 60.1

(2.45) (2.49) (2.09) (2.00) (1.90)

636 600 653 696 704

(35.8) (34.8) (28.9) (29.3) (29.7)

45.3 42.7 47.2 48.9 47.2

(2.33) (2.32) (1.92) (1.89) (1.85)

1970.................................... 1971.................................... 1972.................................... 1973.................................... 1974....................................

2,758 2,875 2,964 3,058 3,101

(37.4) (38.0) (37.8) (37.1) (38.6)

1,343 1,371 1,423 1,460 1,491

(26.1) (26.6) (27.0) (27.6) (27.8)

1,415 1,504 1,542 1,599 1,611

(26.8) (27.1) (26.4) (24.6) (26.8)

1,427 1,538 1,459 1,424 1,475

(42.2) (43.2) (43.1) (43.0) (43.7)

51.7 53.5 49.2 46.6 47.6

(1.36) (1.33) (1.31) (1.29) (1.28)

741 790 750 730 736

(29.7) (30.3) (30.4) (30.6) (30.8)

55.2 57.6 52.7 50.0 49.4

(1.94) (1.90) (1.89) (1.87) (1.85)

686 749 709 694 740

(29.8) (30.8) (30.5) (30.2) (31.1)

48.5 49.8 46.0 43.4 45.9

(1.90) (1.84) (1.81) (1.77) (1.77)

1975.................................... 1976.................................... 1977.................................... 1978.................................... 1979....................................

3,185 2,986 3,141 3,163 3,160

(38.6) (39.8) (40.7) (39.7) (40.0)

1,513 1,451 1,483 1,485 1,475

(27.3) (28.9) (29.7) (29.3) (29.2)

1,672 1,535 1,659 1,677 1,685

(27.2) (27.3) (27.7) (26.7) (27.2)

1,615 1,458 1,590 1,585 1,559

(44.8) (43.6) (45.4) (45.2) (45.1)

50.7 48.8 50.6 50.1 49.3

(1.26) (1.31) (1.29) (1.28) (1.28)

796 685 773 759 744

(31.2) (30.4) (31.8) (31.6) (31.4)

52.6 47.2 52.1 51.1 50.4

(1.83) (1.87) (1.87) (1.87) (1.88)

818 773 817 827 815

(32.1) (31.2) (32.4) (32.4) (32.4)

49.0 50.3 49.3 49.3 48.4

(1.75) (1.82) (1.77) (1.76) (1.76)

1980.................................... 1981.................................... 1982.................................... 1983.................................... 1984....................................

3,088 3,056 3,100 2,963 3,012

(39.4) (42.2) (40.4) (41.6) (36.5)

1,498 1,491 1,509 1,389 1,429

(28.4) (30.4) (29.0) (30.4) (28.7)

1,589 1,565 1,592 1,573 1,584

(27.3) (29.1) (28.2) (28.2) (21.9)

1,523 1,648 1,569 1,562 1,663

(44.6) (45.8) (46.9) (46.7) (46.0)

49.3 53.9 50.6 52.7 55.2

(1.30) (1.30) (1.36) (1.39) (1.37)

700 817 741 721 801

(30.9) (32.4) (32.7) (32.3) (32.7)

46.7 54.8 49.1 51.9 56.0

(1.86) (1.86) (1.95) (2.03) (1.99)

823 831 828 841 862

(32.0) (32.4) (33.6) (33.6) (32.3)

51.8 53.1 52.0 53.4 54.5

(1.81) (1.82) (1.90) (1.91) (1.90)

1985.................................... 1986.................................... 1987.................................... 1988.................................... 1989....................................

2,668 2,786 2,647 2,673 2,450

(40.1) (38.6) (40.9) (47.0) (46.5)

1,287 1,332 1,278 1,334 1,204

(28.7) (28.5) (29.8) (34.1) (32.9)

1,381 1,454 1,369 1,339 1,246

(27.9) (26.0) (28.0) (32.3) (32.8)

1,540 1,498 1,503 1,575 1,460

(45.1) (45.0) (45.1) (50.3) (48.7)

57.7 53.8 56.8 58.9 59.6

(1.45) (1.43) (1.46) (1.57) (1.64)

755 743 746 761 693

(31.6) (31.7) (31.9) (35.6) (34.0)

58.6 55.8 58.3 57.1 57.6

(2.08) (2.06) (2.09) (2.24) (2.35)

785 755 757 814 767

(32.1) (31.9) (31.9) (35.4) (34.8)

56.8 51.9 55.3 60.7 61.6

(2.02) (1.99) (2.04) (2.20) (2.27)

1990.................................... 1991.................................... 1992.................................... 1993.................................... 1994....................................

2,362 2,276 2,397 2,342 2,517

(43.0) (41.0) (40.4) (41.4) (38.1)

1,173 1,140 1,216 1,120 1,244

(30.6) (29.0) (29.1) (30.6) (27.9)

1,189 1,136 1,180 1,223 1,273

(30.2) (29.0) (28.1) (27.7) (25.9)

1,420 1,423 1,483 1,467 1,559

(45.9) (44.8) (45.4) (45.4) (43.0)

60.1 62.5 61.9 62.6 61.9

(1.60) (1.62) (1.58) (1.59) (1.43)

680 660 729 670 754

(32.2) (31.4) (32.3) (31.9) (30.6)

58.0 57.9 60.0 59.9 60.6

(2.29) (2.33) (2.24) (2.33) (2.05)

740 763 754 797 805

(32.6) (31.9) (31.8) (32.1) (30.2)

62.2 67.1 63.8 65.2 63.2

(2.24) (2.22) (2.23) (2.17) (1.99)

1995.................................... 1996.................................... 1997.................................... 1998.................................... 1999....................................

2,599 2,660 2,769 2,810 2,897

(40.9) (40.5) (41.8) (43.9) (41.5)

1,238 1,297 1,354 1,452 1,474

(29.9) (29.5) (31.0) (31.0) (29.9)

1,361 1,363 1,415 1,358 1,423

(27.7) (27.7) (27.9) (31.0) (28.8)

1,610 1,729 1,856 1,844 1,822

(44.5) (46.1) (47.3) (48.3) (47.8)

61.9 65.0 67.0 65.6 62.9

(1.41) (1.42) (1.38) (1.38) (1.38)

775 779 860 906 905

(31.3) (32.4) (33.6) (34.4) (34.1)

62.6 60.1 63.6 62.4 61.4

(2.03) (2.09) (2.01) (1.96) (1.95)

835 950 995 938 917

(31.5) (32.5) (32.9) (33.9) (33.4)

61.3 69.7 70.3 69.1 64.4

(1.95) (1.92) (1.87) (1.93) (1.95)

2000.................................... 2001.................................... 2002.................................... 2003.................................... 2004....................................

2,756 2,549 2,796 2,677 2,752

(45.3) (46.5) (42.7) (42.2) (40.0)

1,251 1,277 1,412 1,306 1,327

(33.6) (33.7) (31.3) (29.9) (29.1)

1,505 1,273 1,384 1,372 1,425

(29.7) (32.0) (29.0) (29.7) (27.3)

1,745 1,574 1,824 1,711 1,835

(48.4) (47.5) (46.1) (45.2) (44.9)

63.3 61.8 65.2 63.9 66.7

(1.41) (1.48) (1.31) (1.35) (1.31)

749 767 877 799 815

(33.4) (33.7) (33.0) (31.5) (31.5)

59.9 60.1 62.1 61.2 61.4

(2.13) (2.11) (1.88) (1.97) (1.95)

996 808 947 913 1,020

(34.4) (33.3) (32.1) (32.3) (31.6)

66.2 63.5 68.4 66.5 71.5

(1.88) (2.08) (1.82) (1.86) (1.74)

1

Individuals ages 16 to 24 who graduated from high school or completed a GED during the preceding 12 months. 2Enrollment in college as of October of each year for individuals ages 16 to 24 who completed high school during the preceding 12 months. NOTE: Data are based on sample surveys of the civilian population. High school completion data in this table differ from figures appearing in other tables because of varying survey procedures and coverage. High school completers include GED recipients. Some data

have been revised from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: American College Testing Program, unpublished tabulations, derived from statistics collected by the Census Bureau, 1960 through 1969. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 1970 through October 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

304 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment _

Table 183. Graduation rates and postsecondary attendance rates of recent high school students, by selected high school characteristics: 1999–2000 Average rate of attendance at 2- and 4-year colleges2 Selected high school characteristic

Number of high schools with 12th-graders

1999 graduation rate of fall 1998 12th-graders1

Total

4-year institutions

2-year institutions

Average rate of attendance at technical schools3

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Public high schools Total..............................................

19,959

(232.0)

91.5

(0.30)

65.9

(0.38)

41.9

(0.43)

24.0

(0.31)

8.1

(0.13)

Percent minority students Less than 5 percent .......................... 5 to 19 percent.................................. 20 to 49 percent................................ 50 percent or more ...........................

6,448 4,524 4,079 4,909

(163.7) (176.8) (168.6) (153.5)

95.1 93.7 91.2 86.9

(0.25) (0.35) (0.44) (0.94)

65.3 68.0 65.4 65.0

(0.64) (0.76) (0.86) (0.77)

44.9 45.5 40.9 37.4

(0.63) (0.84) (0.84) (0.93)

20.4 22.6 24.6 27.6

(0.50) (0.54) (0.65) (0.81)

9.1 7.9 7.8 7.7

(0.37) (0.27) (0.25) (0.28)

Community type Central city ........................................ Suburban/large town......................... Small town/rural ................................

3,562 7,864 8,533

(145.3) (166.3) (176.0)

87.7 92.6 93.3

(0.79) (0.35) (0.38)

68.2 68.2 58.8

(0.72) (0.64) (0.51)

42.8 43.7 37.4

(0.92) (0.62) (0.46)

25.4 24.5 21.4

(0.77) (0.44) (0.45)

7.5 7.5 10.1

(0.27) (0.19) (0.32)

Private high schools Total..............................................

7,602

(241.7)

99.2

(0.08)

89.7

(0.58)

76.9

(0.83)

12.8

(0.50)

3.3

(0.23)

Percent minority students Less than 5 percent .......................... 5 to 19 percent.................................. 20 to 49 percent................................ 50 percent or more ...........................

2,684 2,448 1,434 1,036

(153.3) (129.5) (97.7) (111.2)

98.8 99.5 99.0 99.2

(0.24) (0.08) (0.14) (0.25)

85.9 92.0 93.0 84.2

(1.10) (0.78) (0.84) (2.87)

71.0 81.9 79.9 67.4

(1.62) (0.99) (1.77) (4.21)

14.9 10.1 13.0 16.8

(1.15) (0.56) (1.57) (1.87)

4.3 2.4 2.4 5.6

(0.45) (0.20) (0.34) (1.45)

Community type Central city ........................................ Suburban/large town......................... Small town/rural ................................

2,895 2,908 1,800

(154.0) (154.1) (141.3)

99.3 99.3 98.2

(0.12) (0.08) (0.41)

90.6 90.2 82.2

(0.80) (0.86) (2.10)

78.0 77.5 67.9

(1.30) (1.31) (2.48)

12.6 12.7 14.3

(0.73) (0.91) (1.57)

3.5 2.8 3.6

(0.35) (0.42) (0.46)

1Percentage 2 Percentage 3

of fall 1998 12th-graders who graduated in 1999 with a diploma. of 1999 graduates who went to 2-year or 4-year colleges. Percentage of 1999 graduates who went to technical or other specialized schools. NOTE: Data are based on a sample survey and may not be strictly comparable with data reported elsewhere. Includes all schools, including combined schools, with students

enrolled in the 12th grade. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; “Charter School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; and “Private School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000. (This table was prepared August 2002.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 184. Enrollment rates of 18- to 24-year-olds in degree-granting institutions, by sex and race/ethnicity: 1967 through 2004 Enrollment as a percent of all 18- to 24-year-old high school completers1

Enrollment as a percent of all 18- to 24-year-olds Sex Year 1

Race/ethnicity

Total

Male

Female

White, non-Hispanic

2

3

4

5

Sex

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Total

Male

6

7

8

9

Race/ethnicity Female

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

10

11

12

Hispanic 13

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

25.5 26.1 27.3 25.7 26.2

(0.44) (0.44) (0.44) (0.42) (0.41)

33.1 34.1 35.2 32.1 32.5

(0.71) (0.70) (0.69) (0.65) (0.63)

19.2 19.5 20.9 20.3 20.8

(0.54) (0.53) (0.54) (0.52) (0.52)

26.9 27.5 28.7 27.1 27.2

(0.48) (0.48) (0.47) (0.45) (0.44)

13.0 14.5 16.0 15.5 18.2

(1.16) (1.18) (1.20) (1.15) (1.19)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

33.7 34.2 35.0 32.6 33.2

(0.55) (0.54) (0.53) (0.50) (0.49)

44.7 45.9 45.6 41.0 41.5

(0.87) (0.86) (0.82) (0.78) (0.76)

25.1 25.0 26.4 25.5 26.0

(0.67) (0.66) (0.65) (0.63) (0.63)

34.5 34.9 35.6 33.2 33.5

(0.58) (0.57) (0.56) (0.53) (0.52)

23.3 25.2 27.2 26.0 29.2

(1.96) (1.92) (1.90) (1.81) (1.78)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

1972........................................ 1973........................................ 1974........................................ 1975........................................ 1976........................................

25.5 24.0 24.6 26.3 26.7

(0.37) (0.35) (0.35) (0.36) (0.35)

30.2 27.7 27.7 29.0 28.2

(0.56) (0.54) (0.53) (0.53) (0.52)

21.2 20.5 21.7 23.7 25.2

(0.47) (0.46) (0.47) (0.48) (0.48)

27.2 25.5 25.8 27.4 27.6

(0.41) (0.40) (0.40) (0.40) (0.40)

18.3 15.9 17.6 20.4 22.5

(1.18) (1.09) (1.14) (1.18) (1.20)

13.4 16.1 18.0 20.4 20.0

(1.83) (2.02) (1.95) (2.09) (2.00)

31.9 29.7 30.5 32.5 33.1

(0.44) (0.42) (0.42) (0.42) (0.42)

38.2 34.6 34.7 36.2 35.6

(0.66) (0.63) (0.63) (0.63) (0.62)

26.3 25.3 26.7 29.2 30.9

(0.57) (0.55) (0.56) (0.57) (0.57)

32.6 30.2 30.5 32.3 32.8

(0.48) (0.46) (0.46) (0.46) (0.46)

27.2 23.8 26.2 31.5 33.4

(1.65) (1.55) (1.60) (1.69) (1.66)

25.8 29.1 32.3 35.5 35.9

(3.27) (3.36) (3.17) (3.27) (3.22)

1977........................................ 1978........................................ 1979........................................ 1980........................................ 1981........................................

26.1 25.3 25.0 25.7 26.1

(0.38) (0.38) (0.37) (0.38) (0.37)

28.1 27.1 25.9 26.4 27.1

(0.56) (0.55) (0.54) (0.54) (0.54)

24.3 23.6 24.2 25.0 25.2

(0.52) (0.51) (0.52) (0.52) (0.51)

27.2 26.5 26.3 27.3 27.7

(0.43) (0.43) (0.43) (0.43) (0.43)

21.1 20.1 19.8 19.4 19.9

(1.18) (1.15) (1.13) (1.12) (1.09)

17.2 15.2 16.7 16.1 16.6

(1.87) (1.74) (1.77) (1.64) (1.63)

32.5 31.4 31.2 31.8 32.4

(0.46) (0.45) (0.45) (0.45) (0.44)

35.6 34.1 32.9 33.5 34.7

(0.68) (0.66) (0.66) (0.66) (0.65)

29.7 28.8 29.6 30.3 30.4

(0.61) (0.60) (0.61) (0.61) (0.60)

32.3 31.3 31.3 32.1 32.7

(0.50) (0.49) (0.49) (0.49) (0.49)

31.3 29.6 29.4 27.6 28.0

(1.63) (1.59) (1.58) (1.51) (1.46)

31.5 27.2 30.2 29.9 29.9

(3.11) (2.89) (2.93) (2.80) (2.69)

1982........................................ 1983........................................ 1984........................................ 1985........................................ 1986........................................

26.6 26.2 27.1 27.8 27.9

(0.39) (0.39) (0.40) (0.41) (0.42)

27.2 27.3 28.6 28.4 28.2

(0.57) (0.57) (0.58) (0.60) (0.60)

26.0 25.1 25.6 27.2 27.6

(0.55) (0.54) (0.55) (0.57) (0.58)

28.1 27.9 28.9 30.0 29.7

(0.46) (0.46) (0.47) (0.49) (0.50)

19.9 19.2 20.3 19.6 21.9

(1.14) (1.12) (1.15) (1.16) (1.21)

16.8 17.3 17.9 16.9 17.6

(1.77) (1.77) (1.80) (1.84) (1.76)

33.0 32.5 33.2 33.7 34.0

(0.47) (0.47) (0.47) (0.48) (0.49)

34.5 35.0 36.0 35.3 35.3

(0.68) (0.69) (0.70) (0.70) (0.71)

31.6 30.3 30.6 32.3 32.8

(0.64) (0.63) (0.64) (0.65) (0.67)

33.3 33.0 33.9 34.9 34.5

(0.52) (0.52) (0.53) (0.55) (0.56)

28.1 27.0 27.2 26.0 28.6

(1.52) (1.50) (1.47) (1.47) (1.52)

29.2 31.5 29.9 26.8 29.4

(2.83) (2.94) (2.77) (2.75) (2.72)

1987........................................ 1988........................................ 1989........................................ 1990........................................ 1991........................................

29.6 30.3 30.9 32.0 33.3

(0.43) (0.47) (0.48) (0.47) (0.48)

30.6 30.2 30.2 32.3 32.8

(0.62) (0.68) (0.68) (0.68) (0.68)

28.7 30.4 31.6 31.8 33.6

(0.59) (0.66) (0.67) (0.66) (0.67)

31.9 33.2 34.2 35.1 36.8

(0.51) (0.57) (0.58) (0.57) (0.58)

22.8 21.2 23.4 25.4 23.5

(1.25) (1.33) (1.38) (1.37) (1.34)

17.5 17.0 16.1 15.8 17.9

(1.73) (2.00) (1.90) (1.67) (1.72)

36.2 37.2 38.1 39.1 41.0

(0.50) (0.55) (0.56) (0.54) (0.55)

38.3 38.3 38.3 40.0 41.5

(0.73) (0.81) (0.81) (0.79) (0.80)

34.4 36.3 37.9 38.3 40.5

(0.68) (0.75) (0.77) (0.75) (0.77)

37.3 38.6 39.8 40.4 42.4

(0.58) (0.63) (0.65) (0.63) (0.64)

29.5 28.1 30.7 32.7 31.2

(1.54) (1.69) (1.72) (1.68) (1.68)

28.4 30.8 28.7 28.7 34.3

(2.61) (3.31) (3.12) (2.79) (2.94)

1992........................................ 1993........................................ 1994........................................ 1995........................................ 1996........................................

34.4 34.0 34.6 34.3 35.5

(0.49) (0.49) (0.42) (0.44) (0.47)

32.7 33.6 33.1 33.1 34.1

(0.68) (0.69) (0.59) (0.63) (0.66)

36.0 34.4 36.0 35.5 37.0

(0.69) (0.68) (0.60) (0.63) (0.67)

37.3 36.8 38.1 37.9 39.5

(0.59) (0.59) (0.53) (0.55) (0.59)

25.2 24.5 27.7 27.5 27.4

(1.37) (1.35) (1.17) (1.18) (1.23)

21.3 21.7 18.8 20.7 20.1

(1.87) (1.88) (1.10) (1.13) (1.18)

41.7 41.3 42.3 42.3 43.4

(0.56) (0.56) (0.49) (0.51) (0.54)

40.7 41.7 41.6 41.7 42.5

(0.80) (0.80) (0.70) (0.73) (0.77)

42.7 40.9 43.0 43.0 44.3

(0.77) (0.77) (0.68) (0.72) (0.75)

42.6 42.3 43.7 44.0 45.1

(0.64) (0.65) (0.57) (0.61) (0.64)

33.5 32.4 35.6 35.4 35.9

(1.71) (1.69) (1.42) (1.43) (1.51)

36.8 35.5 33.1 35.2 34.5

(2.90) (2.79) (1.76) (1.74) (1.83)

1997........................................ 1998........................................ 1999........................................ 2000........................................ 2001........................................

36.8 36.5 35.6 35.5 36.3

(0.47) (0.46) (0.46) (0.45) (0.45)

35.0 34.5 34.1 32.6 33.6

(0.66) (0.65) (0.64) (0.62) (0.63)

38.7 38.6 37.0 38.4 39.0

(0.67) (0.66) (0.65) (0.65) (0.64)

40.6 40.6 39.4 38.7 39.5

(0.59) (0.59) (0.58) (0.57) (0.57)

29.8 29.8 30.4 30.5 31.4

(1.25) (1.24) (1.24) (1.21) (1.22)

22.4 20.4 18.7 21.7 21.7

(1.21) (1.11) (1.08) (1.12) (1.10)

45.2 45.2 43.7 43.2 44.3

(0.54) (0.53) (0.52) (0.52) (0.51)

44.0 44.3 42.9 40.8 42.4

(0.77) (0.77) (0.75) (0.73) (0.73)

46.3 46.1 44.4 45.6 46.1

(0.75) (0.74) (0.73) (0.72) (0.72)

46.6 46.9 45.3 44.1 45.4

(0.64) (0.64) (0.63) (0.62) (0.62)

39.5 40.0 39.2 39.3 40.2

(1.54) (1.54) (1.50) (1.46) (1.45)

36.0 33.9 31.6 36.2 34.8

(1.77) (1.68) (1.68) (1.69) (1.61)

2002........................................ 20033 ...................................... 20043 ......................................

36.7 37.8 38.0

(0.43) (0.43) (0.42)

33.7 34.3 34.7

(0.59) (0.59) (0.59)

39.7 41.3 41.2

(0.61) (0.61) (0.61)

40.9 41.6 41.7

(0.55) (0.55) (0.55)

31.9 32.3 31.8

(1.18) (1.20) (1.18)

19.9 23.5 24.7

(0.94) (1.02) (1.02)

44.7 45.7 45.8

(0.48) (0.48) (0.48)

42.5 42.8 43.0

(0.69) (0.69) (0.68)

46.7 48.3 48.4

(0.68) (0.67) (0.67)

46.7 47.2 47.4

(0.59) (0.59) (0.59)

40.2 41.4 40.8

(1.39) (1.43) (1.41)

31.6 35.8 37.3

(1.38) (1.42) (1.40)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Includes students who were enrolled in college, but did not report high school completion. 2 Data for White and Black enrollment include persons of Hispanic origin. 3 White, non-Hispanic and Black, non-Hispanic data exclude persons identifying themselves as multiracial. NOTE: Data are based on sample surveys of the civilian noninstitutional population. Percents based on 18- to 24-year-old high school completers for 1992 and later years use a slightly different definition of completion and may not be precisely com-

parable with figures for other years. All college students are counted as high school completers. Totals include other racial/ ethnic groups not separately shown. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 1967 through October 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 305 Enrollment

19672 ...................................... 19682 ...................................... 19692 ...................................... 19702 ...................................... 19712 ......................................

306 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 185. Total undergraduate fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1969 through 2004 [In thousands] Males Year

Females

Males

Females

Total

Full-time

Part-time

Males

Females

Full-time

Part-time

Full-time

Part-time

Public

Private

Public

Private

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

1969................................. 1970................................. 1971................................. 1972................................. 1973................................. 1974.................................

6,884 7,376 7,743 7,941 8,261 8,798

4,991 5,280 5,512 5,488 5,580 5,726

1,893 2,096 2,231 2,453 2,681 3,072

4,008 4,254 4,418 4,429 4,538 4,765

2,876 3,122 3,325 3,512 3,723 4,033

2,952 3,097 3,201 3,121 3,135 3,191

1,056 1,157 1,217 1,308 1,403 1,574

2,039 2,183 2,311 2,367 2,445 2,535

837 939 1,014 1,145 1,278 1,498

2,997 3,241 3,427 3,467 3,579 3,799

1,011 1,013 991 962 959 966

2,162 2,387 2,580 2,756 2,943 3,232

714 735 745 756 780 801

1975................................. 1976................................. 1977................................. 1978................................. 1979.................................

9,679 9,429 9,717 9,691 9,998

6,169 6,030 6,094 5,967 6,080

3,510 3,399 3,623 3,724 3,919

5,257 4,902 4,897 4,766 4,821

4,422 4,527 4,820 4,925 5,178

3,459 3,242 3,188 3,072 3,087

1,798 1,660 1,709 1,694 1,734

2,710 2,788 2,906 2,895 2,993

1,712 1,739 1,914 2,030 2,185

4,245 3,949 3,937 3,812 3,865

1,012 953 960 954 956

3,581 3,668 3,906 3,974 4,181

841 859 914 951 995

1980................................. 1981................................. 1982................................. 1983................................. 1984.................................

10,475 10,755 10,825 10,846 10,618

6,362 6,449 6,484 6,514 6,348

4,113 4,306 4,341 4,332 4,270

5,000 5,109 5,170 5,158 5,007

5,475 5,646 5,655 5,688 5,611

3,227 3,261 3,299 3,304 3,195

1,773 1,848 1,871 1,854 1,812

3,135 3,188 3,184 3,210 3,153

2,340 2,458 2,470 2,478 2,459

4,014 4,090 4,140 4,117 3,990

985 1,018 1,031 1,042 1,017

4,427 4,558 4,573 4,580 4,504

1,048 1,088 1,081 1,107 1,107

1985................................. 1986................................. 1987................................. 1988................................. 1989.................................

10,597 10,798 11,046 11,317 11,743

6,320 6,352 6,463 6,642 6,841

4,277 4,446 4,584 4,674 4,902

4,962 5,018 5,068 5,138 5,311

5,635 5,780 5,978 6,179 6,432

3,156 3,146 3,164 3,206 3,279

1,806 1,871 1,905 1,931 2,032

3,163 3,206 3,299 3,436 3,562

2,471 2,575 2,679 2,743 2,869

3,953 4,002 4,076 4,113 4,272

1,010 1,015 992 1,024 1,039

4,525 4,658 4,842 4,990 5,216

1,110 1,122 1,136 1,189 1,216

1990................................. 1991................................. 1992................................. 1993................................. 1994.................................

11,959 12,439 12,538 12,324 12,263

6,976 7,221 7,244 7,179 7,169

4,983 5,218 5,293 5,144 5,094

5,380 5,571 5,583 5,484 5,422

6,579 6,868 6,955 6,840 6,840

3,337 3,436 3,425 3,382 3,342

2,043 2,135 2,158 2,102 2,081

3,639 3,786 3,820 3,797 3,827

2,940 3,082 3,135 3,043 3,013

4,353 4,531 4,537 4,447 4,394

1,027 1,040 1,046 1,036 1,028

5,357 5,617 5,679 5,565 5,551

1,223 1,251 1,275 1,276 1,290

1995................................. 1996................................. 1997.................................

12,232 12,259 12,298

7,145 7,211 7,306

5,086 5,049 4,992

5,401 5,411 5,405

6,831 6,848 6,893

3,297 3,304 3,330

2,105 2,107 2,075

3,849 3,907 3,976

2,982 2,942 2,917

4,380 4,368 4,385

1,021 1,043 1,021

5,524 5,537 5,574

1,307 1,311 1,319

1996................................. 1997................................. 1998................................. 19991 ............................... 2000.................................

12,327 12,451 12,437 12,681 13,155

7,299 7,419 7,539 7,735 7,923

5,028 5,032 4,898 4,946 5,232

5,421 5,469 5,446 5,559 5,778

6,906 6,982 6,991 7,122 7,377

3,339 3,380 3,428 3,516 3,588

2,082 2,089 2,018 2,044 2,190

3,960 4,039 4,111 4,219 4,335

2,947 2,943 2,880 2,903 3,042

4,383 4,408 4,361 4,431 4,622

1,038 1,060 1,085 1,128 1,156

5,553 5,599 5,589 5,679 5,917

1,354 1,383 1,402 1,443 1,460

2001................................. 2002................................. 2003................................. 2004.................................

13,716 14,257 14,474 14,781

8,328 8,734 9,035 9,284

5,388 5,523 5,439 5,496

6,004 6,192 6,224 6,340

7,711 8,065 8,250 8,441

3,769 3,934 4,044 4,141

2,236 2,258 2,180 2,199

4,559 4,800 4,991 5,144

3,152 3,265 3,259 3,297

4,804 4,960 4,956 5,009

1,200 1,232 1,269 1,331

6,182 6,473 6,566 6,641

1,529 1,592 1,684 1,799

1 Institutions of higher education

Degree-granting institutions

1Data for 1999 were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Data include unclassified undergraduate students. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher

education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1969 through 1985; and 1986 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 307 Enrollment

Table 186. Total graduate fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1969 through 2004 [In thousands] Male Year

Female

Male

Female

Total

Full-time

Part-time

Male

Female

Full-time

Part-time

Full-time

Part-time

Public

Private

Public

Private

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

1969................................. 1970................................. 1971................................. 1972................................. 1973................................. 1974.................................

955 1,031 1,012 1,066 1,123 1,190

363 379 388 394 410 427

593 651 621 671 715 762

590 630 615 626 648 663

366 400 394 439 477 526

252 264 269 268 273 276

338 366 346 358 375 387

111 115 119 126 137 151

255 285 275 313 340 375

393 423 415 427 442 454

197 207 200 199 206 209

273 301 296 330 358 398

93 99 100 109 119 128

1975................................. 1976................................. 1977................................. 1978................................. 1979.................................

1,263 1,333 1,319 1,312 1,309

453 463 473 468 476

810 870 845 844 833

700 714 700 682 669

563 619 617 630 640

290 287 289 280 280

410 427 411 402 389

163 176 184 188 196

400 443 434 442 444

481 477 458 441 427

219 237 243 241 242

425 454 443 453 457

138 165 174 177 182

1980................................. 1981................................. 1982................................. 1983................................. 1984.................................

1,343 1,343 1,322 1,340 1,345

485 484 485 497 501

860 859 838 843 844

675 674 670 677 672

670 669 653 663 673

281 277 280 286 286

394 397 390 391 386

204 207 205 211 215

466 462 447 452 459

426 419 417 418 411

247 255 253 259 261

474 468 453 454 459

195 201 200 209 215

1985................................. 1986................................. 1987................................. 1988................................. 1989.................................

1,376 1,435 1,452 1,472 1,522

509 522 527 553 572

867 913 925 919 949

677 693 693 697 710

700 742 759 774 811

289 294 294 304 309

388 399 400 393 401

220 228 233 249 263

479 514 525 526 548

414 433 429 429 437

263 260 264 268 273

477 508 516 520 541

223 234 243 254 271

1990................................. 1991................................. 1992................................. 1993................................. 1994.................................

1,586 1,639 1,669 1,688 1,721

599 642 666 688 706

987 997 1,003 1,000 1,016

737 761 772 771 776

849 878 896 917 946

321 341 351 355 359

416 419 421 416 417

278 300 314 334 347

571 578 582 584 598

456 471 474 473 472

281 290 298 298 304

567 580 584 590 603

282 299 313 327 343

1995................................. 1996................................. 1997.................................

1,732 1,743 1,751

717 736 750

1,015 1,007 1,000

768 760 756

965 983 994

356 358 359

412 403 398

361 378 392

604 604 603

464 456 452

304 305 304

610 613 618

355 370 377

1996................................. 1997................................. 1998................................. 19991 ............................... 2000.................................

1,742 1,753 1,768 1,807 1,850

737 752 754 781 813

1,005 1,001 1,014 1,026 1,037

759 758 754 766 780

983 996 1,013 1,041 1,071

358 360 355 363 377

401 398 399 403 402

379 393 398 418 436

604 603 615 623 635

456 452 444 446 447

303 306 310 320 332

613 618 623 630 642

370 377 390 411 428

2001................................. 2002................................. 2003................................. 2004.................................

1,904 2,036 2,098 2,157

843 926 981 1,024

1,061 1,109 1,117 1,133

796 847 865 879

1,108 1,189 1,233 1,278

388 421 439 448

408 425 426 431

455 505 542 576

653 684 691 702

460 487 491 486

336 360 374 393

659 700 710 708

449 489 523 570

1 Institutions of higher education

Degree-granting institutions

1Data for 1999 were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Data include unclassified graduate students. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher

education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1969 through 1985; and 1986 through 2004 Intergrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

308 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 187. Total first-professional fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1969 through 2004 Males Year

Females

Males

Females

Total

Full-time

Part-time

Males

Females

Full-time

Part-time

Full-time

Part-time

Public

Private

Public

Private

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

1969................................. 1970................................. 1971................................. 1972................................. 1973................................. 1974.................................

164,737 173,411 192,668 206,659 218,990 235,452

143,081 157,384 176,224 190,039 201,663 216,329

21,656 16,027 16,444 16,620 17,327 19,123

148,926 158,649 174,058 183,443 186,297 194,079

15,811 14,762 18,610 23,216 32,693 41,373

131,368 144,270 159,386 168,990 171,731 178,926

17,558 14,379 14,672 14,453 14,566 15,153

11,713 13,114 16,838 21,049 29,932 37,403

4,098 1,648 1,772 2,167 2,761 3,970

64,241 68,956 98,233 79,723 81,811 84,271

84,685 89,693 75,825 103,720 104,486 109,808

8,354 6,501 9,430 10,842 16,138 20,085

7,457 8,261 9,180 12,374 16,555 21,288

1975................................. 1976................................. 1977................................. 1978................................. 1979.................................

242,267 244,292 251,357 256,904 263,404

219,886 220,124 226,318 232,540 238,949

22,381 24,168 25,039 24,364 24,455

192,100 189,810 191,451 192,221 193,363

50,167 54,482 59,906 64,683 70,041

177,117 171,967 173,165 174,906 176,394

14,983 17,843 18,286 17,315 16,969

42,769 48,157 53,153 57,634 62,555

7,398 6,325 6,753 7,049 7,486

79,240 77,873 78,189 77,748 77,122

112,860 111,937 113,262 114,473 116,241

23,557 23,468 24,901 26,839 29,026

26,610 31,014 35,005 37,844 41,015

1980................................. 1981................................. 1982................................. 1983................................. 1984.................................

277,767 274,595 278,425 278,529 278,598

251,359 248,328 252,108 249,636 249,708

26,408 26,267 26,317 28,893 28,890

199,344 192,936 191,200 188,096 184,949

78,423 81,659 87,225 90,433 93,649

181,448 175,414 173,941 169,071 166,286

17,896 17,522 17,259 19,025 18,663

69,911 72,914 78,167 80,565 83,422

8,512 8,745 9,058 9,868 10,227

81,022 77,562 76,273 74,938 73,722

118,322 115,374 114,927 113,158 111,227

33,415 34,177 37,183 38,484 40,186

45,008 47,482 50,042 51,949 53,463

1985................................. 1986................................. 1987................................. 1988................................. 1989.................................

274,200 270,401 268,332 267,109 274,451

246,619 245,647 241,807 241,228 247,812

27,581 24,754 26,525 25,881 26,639

179,792 173,851 170,129 166,912 168,773

94,408 96,550 98,203 100,197 105,678

162,368 158,557 153,668 151,045 152,511

17,424 15,294 16,461 15,867 16,262

84,251 87,090 88,139 90,183 95,301

10,157 9,460 10,064 10,014 10,377

71,373 70,326 68,089 66,196 67,548

108,419 103,525 102,040 100,716 101,225

40,435 41,699 41,947 42,743 45,090

53,973 54,851 56,256 57,454 60,588

1990................................. 1991................................. 1992................................. 1993................................. 1994.................................

273,366 280,531 280,922 292,431 294,713

245,854 252,012 252,138 259,764 263,311

27,512 28,519 28,784 32,667 31,402

166,798 169,875 168,620 172,788 173,956

106,568 110,656 112,302 119,643 120,757

149,805 152,356 151,025 153,873 155,018

16,993 17,519 17,595 18,915 18,938

96,049 99,656 101,113 105,891 108,293

10,519 11,000 11,189 13,752 12,464

66,071 64,821 63,511 63,973 63,844

100,727 105,054 105,109 108,815 110,112

45,674 46,661 47,178 49,681 50,153

60,894 63,995 65,124 69,962 70,604

1995................................. 1996................................. 1997.................................

297,592 297,739 296,532

266,414 266,812 265,982

31,178 30,927 30,550

173,897 172,462 168,432

123,695 125,277 128,100

155,056 153,983 150,520

18,841 18,479 17,912

111,358 112,829 115,462

12,337 12,448 12,638

63,594 63,608 63,586

110,303 108,854 104,846

51,478 52,777 54,491

72,217 72,500 73,609

1996................................. 1997................................. 1998................................. 19991 ............................... 2000.................................

298,312 298,258 302,473 303,190 306,625

267,209 267,218 271,049 270,581 273,571

31,103 31,040 31,424 32,609 33,054

172,742 169,627 168,846 165,134 163,885

125,570 128,631 133,627 138,056 142,740

154,107 151,325 150,361 146,613 145,397

18,635 18,302 18,485 18,521 18,488

113,102 115,893 120,688 123,968 128,174

12,468 12,738 12,939 14,088 14,566

63,742 63,667 63,800 63,762 63,137

109,000 105,960 105,046 101,372 100,748

52,923 54,582 56,898 59,123 60,977

72,647 74,049 76,729 78,933 81,763

2001................................. 2002................................. 2003................................. 2004.................................

308,647 318,982 329,076 334,529

276,792 285,916 296,364 301,543

31,855 33,066 32,712 32,986

160,666 162,881 166,227 168,438

147,981 156,101 162,849 166,091

143,536 145,482 148,874 150,860

17,130 17,399 17,353 17,578

133,256 140,434 147,490 150,683

14,725 15,667 15,359 15,408

63,566 64,665 64,497 64,636

97,100 98,216 101,730 103,802

64,240 67,629 69,864 71,120

83,741 88,472 92,985 94,971

1 Institutions of higher education

Degree-granting institutions

1Data for 1999 were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1969 through 1985; and 1996 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 309 Enrollment _

Table 188. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1970 through 2004 Institutions of higher education

Degree-granting institutions Percent change, Fall 2004 1999 to 2004

Fall 1970

Fall 1980

Fall 1990

Fall 1998

Fall 19991

Fall 2000

Fall 2001

Fall 2002

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States ...................................

8,580,887

12,096,895

13,818,637

14,506,967

14,791,224

15,312,289

15,927,987

16,611,711

16,900,471

17,272,044

16.8

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

103,936 9,471 109,619 52,039 1,257,245

164,306 21,296 202,716 77,607 1,790,993

218,589 29,833 264,148 90,425 1,808,740

216,241 27,652 302,123 113,751 1,949,508

223,144 26,948 326,159 115,092 2,017,483

233,962 27,953 342,490 115,172 2,256,708

236,146 27,756 366,485 122,282 2,380,090

246,414 29,546 401,605 127,372 2,474,024

253,846 31,035 430,661 133,950 2,338,846

255,826 30,869 490,925 138,399 2,374,045

14.6 14.6 50.5 20.3 17.7

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

123,395 124,700 25,260 77,158 235,525

162,916 159,632 32,939 86,675 411,891

227,131 168,604 42,004 79,551 588,086

257,247 153,336 46,260 72,388 661,187

261,744 156,907 46,613 72,118 684,745

263,872 161,243 43,897 72,689 707,684

269,292 165,027 47,104 87,252 753,554

282,343 170,606 49,228 91,014 792,079

289,243 170,976 49,595 95,297 839,735

300,914 172,775 49,804 99,988 866,665

15.0 10.1 6.8 38.6 26.6

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

126,511 36,562 34,567 452,146 192,668

184,159 47,181 43,018 644,245 247,253

251,786 56,436 51,881 729,246 284,832

303,685 61,615 63,085 729,084 299,176

311,812 62,578 64,661 733,182 304,725

346,204 60,182 65,594 743,918 314,334

376,098 62,079 69,674 748,444 338,715

397,604 65,368 72,072 776,622 342,064

411,061 67,390 75,370 796,774 350,091

434,283 67,225 76,311 801,401 356,801

39.3 7.4 18.0 9.3 17.1

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

108,902 102,485 98,591 120,728 34,134

140,449 136,605 143,066 160,058 43,264

170,515 163,733 177,852 186,840 57,186

181,944 177,561 180,550 221,110 56,986

186,780 176,737 181,626 221,348 57,822

188,974 179,968 188,341 223,800 58,473

194,822 184,943 214,839 228,871 61,127

202,546 188,049 225,489 232,140 63,308

213,958 190,291 235,743 244,455 64,222

217,646 191,590 240,097 246,301 65,415

16.5 8.4 32.2 11.3 13.1

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

149,607 303,809 392,726 160,788 73,967

225,526 418,415 520,131 206,691 102,364

259,700 417,833 569,803 253,789 122,883

265,173 415,501 557,011 271,612 132,438

268,820 419,695 558,998 282,756 133,170

273,745 421,142 567,631 293,445 137,389

288,224 425,071 585,998 308,233 137,882

300,269 431,224 605,835 323,791 147,077

307,543 436,068 615,765 337,780 148,584

312,493 439,245 620,980 349,021 152,115

16.2 4.7 11.1 23.4 14.2

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

183,930 30,062 66,915 13,669 29,400

234,421 35,177 89,488 40,455 46,794

289,899 35,876 112,831 61,728 59,510

310,507 44,150 111,123 83,120 60,784

317,480 43,114 110,806 89,711 63,366

321,348 42,240 112,117 87,893 61,718

331,580 44,932 113,817 93,368 65,031

348,146 45,111 116,737 95,671 68,523

359,680 47,240 119,511 100,995 69,608

365,204 47,173 121,053 105,961 70,163

15.0 9.4 9.2 18.1 10.7

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

216,121 44,461 806,479 171,925 31,495

321,610 58,283 992,237 287,537 34,069

324,286 85,500 1,048,286 352,138 37,878

325,885 108,810 1,014,220 387,407 39,441

330,537 111,896 1,020,991 395,907 40,348

335,945 110,739 1,043,395 404,652 40,248

346,507 112,861 1,057,794 427,784 42,843

361,733 120,997 1,107,270 447,335 45,800

372,632 126,852 1,126,087 464,430 48,402

380,374 131,577 1,141,525 472,709 49,533

15.1 17.6 11.8 19.4 22.8

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

376,267 110,155 122,177 411,044 45,898

489,145 160,295 157,458 507,716 66,869

557,690 173,221 165,741 604,060 78,273

542,077 178,507 171,056 595,749 73,970

548,545 179,055 175,635 605,283 74,821

549,553 178,016 183,065 609,521 75,450

569,223 189,785 191,378 630,299 77,235

587,996 198,423 204,565 654,826 77,417

603,378 207,781 198,701 675,574 79,085

614,234 207,625 199,985 688,780 80,377

12.0 16.0 13.9 13.8 7.4

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

69,518 30,639 135,103 442,225 81,687

132,476 32,761 204,581 701,391 93,987

159,302 34,208 226,238 901,437 121,303

181,353 41,545 251,319 978,550 151,232

183,626 42,147 252,915 990,587 161,591

185,931 43,221 263,910 1,033,973 163,776

191,590 45,534 258,534 1,076,678 177,045

202,007 47,751 261,899 1,152,369 178,932

207,601 48,967 267,969 1,188,727 185,772

208,910 48,708 278,055 1,229,197 194,324

13.8 15.6 9.9 24.1 20.3

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

22,209 151,915 183,544 63,153 202,058 15,220

30,628 280,504 303,603 81,973 269,086 21,147

36,398 353,442 263,384 84,790 299,774 31,326

37,054 370,142 298,974 88,107 301,963 29,707

36,728 377,970 306,723 88,657 304,776 29,002

35,489 381,893 320,840 87,888 307,179 30,004

36,351 389,853 325,132 91,319 315,850 31,095

36,537 404,966 338,820 93,723 329,443 32,605

37,831 414,881 345,469 97,005 329,691 33,695

38,639 425,181 343,524 97,884 331,506 33,955

5.2 12.5 12.0 10.4 8.8 17.1

U.S. Service Schools2 ..............................

17,079

49,808

48,692

13,991

13,344

13,475

14,561

14,420

14,628

14,754

10.6

State or jurisdiction 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Fall 2003

310 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 188. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1970 through 2004—Continued Institutions of higher education

State or jurisdiction

Degree-granting institutions

1

Fall 1970

Fall 1980

Fall 1990

Fall 1998

Fall 2000

Fall 2001

Fall 2002

Fall 2003

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Other jurisdictions ..........................

67,237

137,749

164,618

181,244

185,244

194,633

201,642

211,204

217,655

220,920

19.3

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

0 0 2,719 0 0 0 63,073 1,445

976 224 3,217 0 0 0 131,184 2,148

1,219 975 4,741 0 661 491 154,065 2,466

909 772 5,758 513 1,239 424 168,983 2,646

1,172 1,506 5,727 616 1,080 569 171,832 2,742

297 1,576 5,215 328 1,078 581 183,290 2,268

1,178 2,243 4,869 220 982 579 188,430 3,141

1,367 2,173 5,157 224 1,299 668 197,781 2,535

1,537 2,558 4,710 601 1,237 727 203,745 2,540

1,550 2,608 4,642 623 1,101 651 207,180 2,565

32.3 73.2 -18.9 1.1 1.9 14.4 20.6 -6.5

1

1 Data 2Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) for 1998 and later years reflect substantial changes in survey coverage. NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. These degree-granting institutions participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

Fall 1999

Percent change, Fall 2004 1999 to 2004 12

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1970 and 1980; and 1990 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 311 Enrollment _

Table 189. Total fall enrollment in public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1970 through 2004 Institutions of higher education

Degree-granting institutions Percent change, Fall 2004 1999 to 2004

Fall 1970

Fall 1980

Fall 1990

Fall 1998

Fall 19991

Fall 2000

Fall 2001

Fall 2002

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States ...................................

6,428,134

9,457,394

10,844,717

11,137,769

11,309,399

11,752,786

12,233,156

12,751,993

12,857,059

12,980,112

14.8

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

87,884 8,563 107,315 43,599 1,123,529

143,674 20,561 194,034 66,068 1,599,838

195,939 27,792 248,213 78,645 1,594,710

190,685 26,296 268,102 102,264 1,646,329

197,173 25,687 276,268 103,326 1,692,607

207,435 26,559 284,522 101,775 1,927,771

208,385 26,550 294,174 108,950 2,043,182

217,883 28,314 307,496 113,509 2,121,106

225,347 29,821 310,679 119,920 1,978,831

226,989 29,515 317,974 123,973 1,987,283

15.1 14.9 15.1 20.0 17.4

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

108,562 73,391 21,151 12,194 189,450

145,598 97,788 28,325 13,900 334,349

200,653 109,556 34,252 11,990 489,081

216,351 94,299 37,362 5,410 531,921

219,436 96,834 36,895 5,349 540,967

217,897 101,027 34,194 5,499 556,912

222,815 104,066 36,510 5,589 588,921

233,740 108,522 37,344 5,603 617,754

236,883 108,815 37,621 5,424 643,784

239,308 110,354 38,243 5,388 649,857

9.1 14.0 3.7 0.7 20.1

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

101,900 32,963 27,072 315,634 136,739

140,158 43,269 34,491 491,274 189,224

196,413 45,728 41,315 551,333 223,953

229,928 45,270 51,330 533,294 228,450

237,411 46,479 52,615 533,522 230,810

271,755 44,579 53,751 534,155 240,023

298,215 45,994 56,673 534,280 259,258

317,180 48,163 57,996 554,093 258,627

330,052 50,316 60,481 566,137 262,957

335,979 50,569 60,695 563,593 266,916

41.5 8.8 15.4 5.6 15.6

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

68,390 88,215 77,240 101,127 25,405

97,454 121,987 114,884 136,703 31,878

117,834 149,117 147,095 158,290 41,500

129,302 158,594 146,344 189,896 38,636

133,753 157,088 146,558 188,573 40,349

135,008 159,976 151,973 189,213 40,662

140,227 164,173 178,349 194,790 42,425

145,798 167,741 188,518 197,547 44,850

149,195 169,384 196,474 207,923 46,714

149,776 170,149 197,991 208,218 47,284

12.0 8.3 35.1 10.4 17.2

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

118,988 116,127 339,625 130,567 64,968

195,051 183,765 454,147 162,379 90,661

220,783 186,035 487,359 199,211 109,038

219,055 178,376 462,580 200,422 120,831

220,809 181,514 461,825 207,474 121,369

223,797 183,248 467,861 218,617 125,355

236,795 186,891 482,154 225,941 125,656

246,792 187,874 495,676 235,513 134,130

252,026 189,334 501,821 240,714 134,318

256,582 187,873 500,873 241,245 137,543

16.2 3.5 8.5 16.3 13.3

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

132,540 27,287 51,454 13,576 15,979

165,179 31,178 73,509 40,280 24,119

200,093 31,865 94,614 61,242 32,163

194,462 38,768 89,040 79,147 32,187

199,324 38,336 88,386 85,270 34,927

201,509 37,387 88,531 83,120 35,870

206,721 39,368 89,639 86,790 37,224

214,022 40,615 92,111 89,547 40,958

216,777 42,444 93,432 94,205 41,324

214,561 42,289 93,195 96,773 40,642

7.6 10.3 5.4 13.5 16.4

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

145,373 40,795 449,437 123,761 30,192

247,028 55,077 563,251 228,154 31,709

261,601 83,403 616,884 285,405 34,690

260,092 101,150 567,202 314,110 35,264

263,752 103,125 566,306 321,311 35,940

266,921 101,450 583,417 329,422 36,014

275,655 103,758 584,607 350,684 38,560

289,275 111,667 610,756 367,861 41,134

298,906 117,245 613,895 383,720 43,383

305,034 121,339 623,192 389,143 43,275

15.7 17.7 10.0 21.1 20.4

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

281,099 91,438 108,483 232,982 25,527

381,765 137,188 140,102 292,499 35,052

427,613 151,073 144,427 343,478 42,350

408,487 155,796 144,326 338,047 38,368

411,541 155,361 148,177 336,930 38,650

411,161 153,699 154,756 339,229 38,458

425,265 163,336 162,645 353,950 39,149

441,738 171,369 173,698 370,386 38,867

450,369 178,612 166,129 381,254 39,937

454,377 179,281 165,375 384,525 39,920

10.4 15.4 11.6 14.1 3.3

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

47,101 23,936 98,897 365,522 49,588

107,683 24,328 156,835 613,552 59,598

131,134 26,596 175,049 802,314 86,108

152,542 34,088 193,393 849,075 111,315

153,496 34,197 193,646 862,271 120,558

155,519 34,857 202,530 896,534 123,046

158,661 37,310 194,696 935,826 133,790

167,563 37,760 194,202 1,006,549 135,778

171,893 38,179 196,088 1,036,008 140,282

172,386 37,598 199,904 1,071,926 145,182

12.3 9.9 3.2 24.3 20.4

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

12,536 123,279 162,718 51,363 170,374 15,220

17,984 246,500 276,028 71,228 235,179 21,121

20,910 291,286 227,632 74,108 253,529 30,623

20,549 305,455 257,047 76,322 247,462 28,757

20,580 311,536 263,415 76,777 249,608 27,944

20,021 313,780 273,928 76,136 249,737 28,715

20,480 326,758 277,023 78,304 257,888 29,545

21,238 337,286 293,007 79,741 268,010 30,666

22,607 341,948 298,079 82,273 266,805 31,666

22,980 343,391 293,145 83,274 266,884 31,597

11.7 10.2 11.3 8.5 6.9 13.1

U.S. Service Schools2 ..............................

17,079

49,808

48,692

13,991

13,344

13,475

14,561

14,420

14,628

14,754

10.6

State or jurisdiction 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Fall 2003

312 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 189. Total fall enrollment in public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1970 through 2004—Continued Institutions of higher education

State or jurisdiction

Degree-granting institutions

1

Fall 1970

Fall 1980

Fall 1990

Fall 1998

Fall 2000

Fall 2001

Fall 2002

Fall 2003

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Other jurisdictions ..........................

46,680

60,692

66,244

82,537

83,919

84,464

85,535

86,484

85,468

83,831

-0.1

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

0 0 2,719 0 0 0 42,516 1,445

976 224 3,217 0 0 0 54,127 2,148

1,219 975 4,741 0 661 491 55,691 2,466

909 772 5,758 513 1,239 424 70,276 2,646

1,172 1,506 5,727 616 1,080 569 70,507 2,742

297 1,576 5,215 328 1,078 581 73,121 2,268

1,178 2,243 4,869 220 982 579 73,173 2,291

1,367 2,173 5,038 224 1,299 668 73,180 2,535

1,537 2,558 4,546 601 1,237 727 71,722 2,540

1,550 2,608 4,470 623 1,101 651 70,263 2,565

32.3 73.2 -21.9 1.1 1.9 14.4 -0.3 -6.5

1

1 Data 2Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) for 1998 and later years reflect substantial changes in survey coverage. NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associ-

Fall 1999

Percent change, Fall 2004 1999 to 2004 12

ate’s or higher degrees. These degree-granting institutions participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1970 and 1980; and 1990 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 313 Enrollment _

Table 190. Total fall enrollment in private degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1970 through 2004 Institutions of higher education

Degree-granting institutions Percent change, Fall 2004 1999 to 2004

Fall 1970

Fall 1980

Fall 1990

Fall 1998

Fall 19991

Fall 2000

Fall 2001

Fall 2002

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States ...................................

2,152,753

2,639,501

2,973,920

3,369,198

3,481,825

3,559,503

3,694,831

3,859,718

4,043,412

4,291,932

23.3

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

16,052 908 2,304 8,440 133,716

20,632 735 8,682 11,539 191,155

22,650 2,041 15,935 11,780 214,030

25,556 1,356 34,021 11,487 303,179

25,971 1,261 49,891 11,766 324,876

26,527 1,394 57,968 13,397 328,937

27,761 1,206 72,311 13,332 336,908

28,531 1,232 94,109 13,863 352,918

28,499 1,214 119,982 14,030 360,015

28,837 1,354 172,951 14,426 386,762

11.0 7.4 246.7 22.6 19.0

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

14,833 51,309 4,109 64,964 46,075

17,318 61,844 4,614 72,775 77,542

26,478 59,048 7,752 67,561 99,005

40,896 59,037 8,898 66,978 129,266

42,308 60,073 9,718 66,769 143,778

45,975 60,216 9,703 67,190 150,772

46,477 60,961 10,594 81,663 164,633

48,603 62,084 11,884 85,411 174,325

52,360 62,161 11,974 89,873 195,951

61,606 62,421 11,561 94,600 216,808

45.6 3.9 19.0 41.7 50.8

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

24,611 3,599 7,495 136,512 55,929

44,001 3,912 8,527 152,971 58,029

55,373 10,708 10,566 177,913 60,879

73,757 16,345 11,755 195,790 70,726

74,401 16,099 12,046 199,660 73,915

74,449 15,603 11,843 209,763 74,311

77,883 16,085 13,001 214,164 79,457

80,424 17,205 14,076 222,529 83,437

81,009 17,074 14,889 230,637 87,134

98,304 16,656 15,616 237,808 89,885

32.1 3.5 29.6 19.1 21.6

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

40,512 14,270 21,351 19,601 8,729

42,995 14,618 28,182 23,355 11,386

52,681 14,616 30,757 28,550 15,686

52,642 18,967 34,206 31,214 18,350

53,027 19,649 35,068 32,775 17,473

53,966 19,992 36,368 34,587 17,811

54,595 20,770 36,490 34,081 18,702

56,748 20,308 36,971 34,593 18,458

64,763 20,907 39,269 36,532 17,508

67,870 21,441 42,106 38,083 18,131

28.0 9.1 20.1 16.2 3.8

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

30,619 187,682 53,101 30,221 8,999

30,475 234,650 65,984 44,312 11,703

38,917 231,798 82,444 54,578 13,845

46,118 237,125 94,431 71,190 11,607

48,011 238,181 97,173 75,282 11,801

49,948 237,894 99,770 74,828 12,034

51,429 238,180 103,844 82,292 12,226

53,477 243,350 110,159 88,278 12,947

55,517 246,734 113,944 97,066 14,266

55,911 251,372 120,107 107,776 14,572

16.5 5.5 23.6 43.2 23.5

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

51,390 2,775 15,461 93 13,421

69,242 3,999 15,979 175 22,675

89,806 4,011 18,217 486 27,347

116,045 5,382 22,083 3,973 28,597

118,156 4,778 22,420 4,441 28,439

119,839 4,853 23,586 4,773 25,848

124,859 5,564 24,178 6,578 27,807

134,124 4,496 24,626 6,124 27,565

142,903 4,796 26,079 6,790 28,284

150,643 4,884 27,858 9,188 29,521

27.5 2.2 24.3 106.9 3.8

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

70,748 3,666 357,042 48,164 1,303

74,582 3,206 428,986 59,383 2,360

62,685 2,097 431,402 66,733 3,188

65,793 7,660 447,018 73,297 4,177

66,785 8,771 454,685 74,596 4,408

69,024 9,289 459,978 75,230 4,234

70,852 9,103 473,187 77,100 4,283

72,458 9,330 496,514 79,474 4,666

73,726 9,607 512,192 80,710 5,019

75,340 10,238 518,333 83,566 6,258

12.8 16.7 14.0 12.0 42.0

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

95,168 18,717 13,694 178,062 20,371

107,380 23,107 17,356 215,217 31,817

130,077 22,148 21,314 260,582 35,923

133,590 22,711 26,730 257,702 35,602

137,004 23,694 27,458 268,353 36,171

138,392 24,317 28,309 270,292 36,992

143,958 26,449 28,733 276,349 38,086

146,258 27,054 30,867 284,440 38,550

153,009 29,169 32,572 294,320 39,148

159,857 28,344 34,610 304,255 40,457

16.7 19.6 26.0 13.4 11.8

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

22,417 6,703 36,206 76,703 32,099

24,793 8,433 47,746 87,839 34,389

28,168 7,612 51,189 99,123 35,195

28,811 7,457 57,926 129,475 39,917

30,130 7,950 59,269 128,316 41,033

30,412 8,364 61,380 137,439 40,730

32,929 8,224 63,838 140,852 43,255

34,444 9,991 67,697 145,820 43,154

35,708 10,788 71,881 152,719 45,490

36,524 11,110 78,151 157,271 49,142

21.2 39.7 31.9 22.6 19.8

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

9,673 28,636 20,826 11,790 31,684 0

12,644 34,004 27,575 10,745 33,907 26

15,488 62,156 35,752 10,682 46,245 703

16,505 64,687 41,927 11,785 54,501 950

16,148 66,434 43,308 11,880 55,168 1,058

15,468 68,113 46,912 11,752 57,442 1,289

15,871 63,095 48,109 13,015 57,962 1,550

15,299 67,680 45,813 13,982 61,433 1,939

15,224 72,933 47,390 14,732 62,886 2,029

15,659 81,790 50,379 14,610 64,622 2,358

-3.0 23.1 16.3 23.0 17.1 122.9

State or jurisdiction 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Fall 2003

314 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 190. Total fall enrollment in private degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1970 through 2004—Continued Institutions of higher education

State or jurisdiction

Degree-granting institutions

1

Fall 1970

Fall 1980

Fall 1990

Fall 1998

Fall 2000

Fall 2001

Fall 2002

Fall 2003

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Other jurisdictions ..........................

20,557

77,057

98,374

98,707

101,325

110,169

116,107

124,720

132,187

137,089

35.3

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

0 0 0 0 0 0 20,557 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 77,057 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 98,374 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 98,707 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 101,325 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 110,169 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 115,257 850

0 0 119 0 0 0 124,601 0

0 0 164 0 0 0 132,023 0

0 0 172 0 0 0 136,917 0

† † † † † † 35.1 †

1

†Not applicable. 1Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associ-

Fall 1999

Percent change, Fall 2004 1999 to 2004

ate’s or higher degrees. These degree-granting institutions participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1970 and 1980; and 1990 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 315 Enrollment _

Table 191. Total fall enrollment in all degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 Fall 2003

Fall 2004

Full-time State or jurisdiction

Part-time

Full-time

Part-time

Total

Males

Females

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States ...................................

16,900,471

4,631,735

5,680,079

2,623,816

3,964,841

17,272,044

4,739,355

5,870,822

2,647,907

4,013,960

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

253,846 31,035 430,661 133,950 2,338,846

73,357 5,533 112,560 37,599 527,748

97,046 7,132 134,879 51,870 662,349

32,248 6,725 74,507 16,618 499,657

51,195 11,645 108,715 27,863 649,092

255,826 30,869 490,925 138,399 2,374,045

74,392 5,746 133,969 38,407 534,469

98,345 7,384 169,730 53,404 669,926

32,392 6,393 76,537 17,085 508,808

50,697 11,346 110,689 29,503 660,842

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

289,243 170,976 49,595 95,297 839,735

77,863 47,161 13,204 24,667 199,866

88,564 58,199 18,079 34,415 258,664

49,411 24,428 6,526 14,651 149,501

73,405 41,188 11,786 21,564 231,704

300,914 172,775 49,804 99,988 866,665

82,202 48,488 13,520 25,616 209,498

93,690 60,198 18,416 35,493 274,647

50,320 23,456 6,188 15,322 150,186

74,702 40,633 11,680 23,557 232,334

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

411,061 67,390 75,370 796,774 350,091

116,080 16,962 24,520 202,407 112,345

153,414 23,231 27,416 241,400 129,092

52,635 11,149 9,428 138,998 44,214

88,932 16,048 14,006 213,969 64,440

434,283 67,225 76,311 801,401 356,801

124,187 16,716 24,838 204,219 114,572

167,539 23,607 27,925 245,392 131,827

51,488 10,738 9,578 139,236 45,406

91,069 16,164 13,970 212,554 64,996

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

213,958 190,291 235,743 244,455 64,222

68,279 53,127 63,889 73,418 17,401

77,456 58,584 85,809 103,019 21,412

26,490 31,228 37,088 24,209 7,946

41,733 47,352 48,957 43,809 17,463

217,646 191,590 240,097 246,301 65,415

67,279 53,593 65,056 74,073 18,041

78,144 59,703 87,840 105,109 22,030

27,716 31,054 36,995 23,625 8,130

44,507 47,240 50,206 43,494 17,214

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

307,543 436,068 615,765 337,780 148,584

71,316 132,621 158,005 97,140 46,042

91,148 161,895 193,918 118,758 67,912

53,971 52,937 104,426 49,375 11,621

91,108 88,615 159,416 72,507 23,009

312,493 439,245 620,980 349,021 152,115

72,210 134,644 161,695 99,282 46,663

93,404 164,786 197,831 125,724 69,760

54,938 51,649 102,243 49,794 11,997

91,941 88,166 159,211 74,221 23,695

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

359,680 47,240 119,511 100,995 69,608

96,012 17,081 36,093 19,126 20,583

118,181 18,737 41,956 25,202 25,179

57,420 4,397 17,092 24,331 8,536

88,067 7,025 24,370 32,336 15,310

365,204 47,173 121,053 105,961 70,163

97,658 16,954 36,743 21,577 21,157

122,578 19,002 42,829 28,652 25,682

57,498 4,288 17,038 24,080 8,187

87,470 6,929 24,443 31,652 15,137

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

372,632 126,852 1,126,087 464,430 48,402

100,887 28,904 348,476 126,472 18,843

119,759 38,183 437,432 170,259 18,251

58,109 23,277 124,678 61,231 4,735

93,877 36,488 215,501 106,468 6,573

380,374 131,577 1,141,525 472,709 49,533

103,233 29,655 352,558 126,963 19,107

122,613 39,117 446,836 172,686 18,771

59,205 23,983 125,270 62,503 4,802

95,323 38,822 216,861 110,557 6,853

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

603,378 207,781 198,701 675,574 79,085

182,728 62,557 55,467 225,229 25,494

220,775 72,306 64,283 257,495 30,096

78,003 28,729 33,834 71,319 8,487

121,872 44,189 45,117 121,531 15,008

614,234 207,625 199,985 688,780 80,377

184,876 62,690 55,996 229,746 26,415

226,639 73,461 66,195 264,945 31,016

79,000 28,415 33,087 70,172 8,123

123,719 43,059 44,707 123,917 14,823

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

207,601 48,967 267,969 1,188,727 185,772

58,800 15,448 83,248 305,337 61,350

79,309 17,267 107,920 361,883 55,748

22,732 5,818 28,749 213,492 33,327

46,760 10,434 48,052 308,015 35,347

208,910 48,708 278,055 1,229,197 194,324

59,459 15,441 87,349 310,783 61,725

81,173 17,479 113,876 375,882 56,982

22,118 5,518 28,681 222,925 37,499

46,160 10,270 48,149 319,607 38,118

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

37,831 414,881 345,469 97,005 329,691 33,695

12,778 110,727 98,094 32,858 94,218 9,655

14,023 137,458 117,101 39,110 114,733 9,304

3,655 66,426 53,610 9,241 47,451 5,150

7,375 100,270 76,664 15,796 73,289 9,586

38,639 425,181 343,524 97,884 331,506 33,955

13,391 114,236 97,336 33,388 95,172 10,163

14,412 142,856 116,923 39,681 116,782 9,355

3,531 66,439 52,967 9,118 47,249 4,937

7,305 101,650 76,298 15,697 72,303 9,500

U.S. Service Schools ................................

14,628

12,160

2,468

0

0

14,754

12,209

2,545

0

0

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Females

316 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 191. Total fall enrollment in all degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004—Continued Fall 2003

Fall 2004

Full-time State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Males

Part-time Females

Males

Full-time Females

Total

Males

Part-time Females

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Other jurisdictions ..........................

217,655

63,796

100,148

20,611

33,100

220,920

65,959

102,561

20,024

32,376

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

1,537 2,558 4,710 601 1,237 727 203,745 2,540

362 962 900 237 274 225 60,536 300

445 1,027 1,581 205 564 245 95,152 929

271 291 911 104 169 85 18,495 285

459 278 1,318 55 230 172 29,562 1,026

1,550 2,608 4,642 623 1,101 651 207,180 2,565

303 956 978 284 307 205 62,611 315

446 992 1,503 214 509 224 97,730 943

270 339 886 69 99 72 18,009 280

531 321 1,275 56 186 150 28,830 1,027

NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 and 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004 and Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 317 Enrollment

Table 192. Total fall enrollment in public degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 Fall 2003

Fall 2004

Full-time State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Males

Part-time Females

Males

Full-time Females

Total

Males

Part-time Females

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States ...................................

12,857,059

3,282,703

3,982,346

2,228,865

3,363,145

12,980,112

3,325,073

4,044,359

2,234,403

3,376,277

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

225,347 29,821 310,679 119,920 1,978,831

63,482 5,276 62,223 32,223 401,258

83,818 6,750 73,091 45,238 505,269

30,353 6,485 71,376 15,912 465,124

47,694 11,310 103,989 26,547 607,180

226,989 29,515 317,974 123,973 1,987,283

64,224 5,469 64,896 32,729 403,771

84,879 6,927 76,680 46,801 505,546

30,405 6,155 72,177 16,388 467,917

47,481 10,964 104,221 28,055 610,049

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

236,883 108,815 37,621 5,424 643,784

60,998 26,004 10,797 887 137,683

68,840 31,832 14,711 1,264 182,703

42,318 18,675 4,319 1,112 122,865

64,727 32,304 7,794 2,161 200,533

239,308 110,354 38,243 5,388 649,857

61,997 27,351 11,120 919 141,662

69,780 33,552 14,909 1,302 188,098

42,441 18,083 4,289 1,024 122,270

65,090 31,368 7,925 2,143 197,827

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

330,052 50,316 60,481 566,137 262,957

87,845 12,398 18,374 130,361 80,552

114,039 15,982 19,912 151,520 89,495

47,361 8,565 8,896 112,738 38,571

80,807 13,371 13,299 171,518 54,339

335,979 50,569 60,695 563,593 266,916

89,679 12,436 18,301 131,649 81,620

117,610 16,253 20,316 151,928 90,713

46,159 8,495 8,912 111,569 39,649

82,531 13,385 13,166 168,447 54,934

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

149,195 169,384 196,474 207,923 46,714

48,491 46,378 51,756 62,066 12,188

51,103 50,565 68,097 84,657 14,358

20,547 28,908 33,616 21,891 6,506

29,054 43,533 43,005 39,309 13,662

149,776 170,149 197,991 208,218 47,284

47,051 46,788 51,993 62,560 12,515

50,581 51,533 68,767 85,827 14,749

21,580 28,668 33,572 21,067 6,594

30,564 43,160 43,659 38,764 13,426

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

252,026 189,334 501,821 240,714 134,318

56,845 47,393 129,095 70,269 41,926

71,989 57,307 152,342 77,868 60,313

45,363 30,306 88,347 38,559 10,884

77,829 54,328 132,037 54,018 21,195

256,582 187,873 500,873 241,245 137,543

57,801 47,591 131,888 70,043 42,502

73,268 56,791 154,965 78,842 61,807

46,468 29,739 85,102 37,755 11,277

79,045 53,752 128,918 54,605 21,957

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

216,777 42,444 93,432 94,205 41,324

57,948 15,617 27,170 16,475 10,843

71,303 16,506 29,637 21,348 13,348

32,512 4,031 15,402 24,196 6,232

55,014 6,290 21,223 32,186 10,901

214,561 42,289 93,195 96,773 40,642

58,369 15,371 27,407 18,099 11,257

71,978 16,674 29,661 23,428 13,663

31,196 3,922 15,139 23,789 5,747

53,018 6,322 20,988 31,457 9,975

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

298,906 117,245 613,895 383,720 43,383

75,832 25,706 174,915 97,074 17,093

94,394 33,563 217,010 131,680 15,620

48,677 22,592 81,575 56,403 4,524

80,003 35,384 140,395 98,563 6,146

305,034 121,339 623,192 389,143 43,275

77,858 26,215 179,130 96,711 17,088

96,465 34,150 221,469 132,623 15,630

49,587 23,275 81,916 57,746 4,505

81,124 37,699 140,677 102,063 6,052

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

450,369 178,612 166,129 381,254 39,937

131,048 50,239 43,984 122,813 9,066

156,300 60,468 49,529 137,316 12,905

64,452 26,414 31,142 44,338 5,832

98,569 41,491 41,474 76,787 12,134

454,377 179,281 165,375 384,525 39,920

131,826 51,090 43,938 125,111 9,290

158,484 61,398 50,041 139,991 13,091

64,946 26,301 30,386 42,974 5,612

99,121 40,492 41,010 76,449 11,927

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

171,893 38,179 196,088 1,036,008 140,282

46,610 13,045 56,419 253,646 42,091

61,793 13,145 74,082 302,720 36,408

20,892 4,087 24,522 194,203 30,082

42,598 7,902 41,065 285,439 31,701

172,386 37,598 199,904 1,071,926 145,182

47,422 12,916 57,983 257,727 42,231

63,474 13,057 76,414 311,866 36,788

19,889 3,956 24,282 204,248 32,645

41,601 7,669 41,225 298,085 33,518

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

22,607 341,948 298,079 82,273 266,805 31,666

6,431 85,421 82,209 28,260 76,155 7,665

7,821 104,377 95,560 31,369 89,348 9,265

2,640 60,670 49,350 8,471 40,879 5,150

5,715 91,480 70,960 14,173 60,423 9,586

22,980 343,391 293,145 83,274 266,884 31,597

6,662 86,649 80,662 28,673 76,787 7,837

8,043 105,164 94,273 32,150 90,092 9,323

2,572 59,870 48,131 8,377 40,700 4,937

5,703 91,708 70,079 14,074 59,305 9,500

U.S. Service Schools ................................

14,628

12,160

2,468

0

0

14,754

12,209

2,545

0

0

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

318 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 192. Total fall enrollment in public degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004—Continued Fall 2003

Fall 2004

Full-time State or jurisdiction

Part-time

Full-time

Part-time

Total

Males

Females

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Other jurisdictions ..........................

85,468

25,115

40,476

7,284

12,593

83,831

25,681

40,549

6,423

11,178

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

1,537 2,558 4,546 601 1,237 727 71,722 2,540

362 962 867 237 274 225 21,888 300

445 1,027 1,537 205 564 245 35,524 929

271 291 859 104 169 85 5,220 285

459 278 1,283 55 230 172 9,090 1,026

1,550 2,608 4,470 623 1,101 651 70,263 2,565

303 956 936 284 307 205 22,375 315

446 992 1,442 214 509 224 35,779 943

270 339 851 69 99 72 4,443 280

531 321 1,241 56 186 150 7,666 1,027

1

NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Females

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 and 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004 and Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 319 Enrollment

Table 193. Total fall enrollment in private degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 Fall 2003

Fall 2004

Full-time State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Males

Part-time Females

Males

Full-time Females

Total

Males

Part-time Females

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States ...................................

4,043,412

1,349,032

1,697,733

394,951

601,696

4,291,932

1,414,282

1,826,463

413,504

637,683

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

28,499 1,214 119,982 14,030 360,015

9,875 257 50,337 5,376 126,490

13,228 382 61,788 6,632 157,080

1,895 240 3,131 706 34,533

3,501 335 4,726 1,316 41,912

28,837 1,354 172,951 14,426 386,762

10,168 277 69,073 5,678 130,698

13,466 457 93,050 6,603 164,380

1,987 238 4,360 697 40,891

3,216 382 6,468 1,448 50,793

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

52,360 62,161 11,974 89,873 195,951

16,865 21,157 2,407 23,780 62,183

19,724 26,367 3,368 33,151 75,961

7,093 5,753 2,207 13,539 26,636

8,678 8,884 3,992 19,403 31,171

61,606 62,421 11,561 94,600 216,808

20,205 21,137 2,400 24,697 67,836

23,910 26,646 3,507 34,191 86,549

7,879 5,373 1,899 14,298 27,916

9,612 9,265 3,755 21,414 34,507

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

81,009 17,074 14,889 230,637 87,134

28,235 4,564 6,146 72,046 31,793

39,375 7,249 7,504 89,880 39,597

5,274 2,584 532 26,260 5,643

8,125 2,677 707 42,451 10,101

98,304 16,656 15,616 237,808 89,885

34,508 4,280 6,537 72,570 32,952

49,929 7,354 7,609 93,464 41,114

5,329 2,243 666 27,667 5,757

8,538 2,779 804 44,107 10,062

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

64,763 20,907 39,269 36,532 17,508

19,788 6,749 12,133 11,352 5,213

26,353 8,019 17,712 18,362 7,054

5,943 2,320 3,472 2,318 1,440

12,679 3,819 5,952 4,500 3,801

67,870 21,441 42,106 38,083 18,131

20,228 6,805 13,063 11,513 5,526

27,563 8,170 19,073 19,282 7,281

6,136 2,386 3,423 2,558 1,536

13,943 4,080 6,547 4,730 3,788

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

55,517 246,734 113,944 97,066 14,266

14,471 85,228 28,910 26,871 4,116

19,159 104,588 41,576 40,890 7,599

8,608 22,631 16,079 10,816 737

13,279 34,287 27,379 18,489 1,814

55,911 251,372 120,107 107,776 14,572

14,409 87,053 29,807 29,239 4,161

20,136 107,995 42,866 46,882 7,953

8,470 21,910 17,141 12,039 720

12,896 34,414 30,293 19,616 1,738

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

142,903 4,796 26,079 6,790 28,284

38,064 1,464 8,923 2,651 9,740

46,878 2,231 12,319 3,854 11,831

24,908 366 1,690 135 2,304

33,053 735 3,147 150 4,409

150,643 4,884 27,858 9,188 29,521

39,289 1,583 9,336 3,478 9,900

50,600 2,328 13,168 5,224 12,019

26,302 366 1,899 291 2,440

34,452 607 3,455 195 5,162

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

73,726 9,607 512,192 80,710 5,019

25,055 3,198 173,561 29,398 1,750

25,365 4,620 220,422 38,579 2,631

9,432 685 43,103 4,828 211

13,874 1,104 75,106 7,905 427

75,340 10,238 518,333 83,566 6,258

25,375 3,440 173,428 30,252 2,019

26,148 4,967 225,367 40,063 3,141

9,618 708 43,354 4,757 297

14,199 1,123 76,184 8,494 801

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

153,009 29,169 32,572 294,320 39,148

51,680 12,318 11,483 102,416 16,428

64,475 11,838 14,754 120,179 17,191

13,551 2,315 2,692 26,981 2,655

23,303 2,698 3,643 44,744 2,874

159,857 28,344 34,610 304,255 40,457

53,050 11,600 12,058 104,635 17,125

68,155 12,063 16,154 124,954 17,925

14,054 2,114 2,701 27,198 2,511

24,598 2,567 3,697 47,468 2,896

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

35,708 10,788 71,881 152,719 45,490

12,190 2,403 26,829 51,691 19,259

17,516 4,122 33,838 59,163 19,340

1,840 1,731 4,227 19,289 3,245

4,162 2,532 6,987 22,576 3,646

36,524 11,110 78,151 157,271 49,142

12,037 2,525 29,366 53,056 19,494

17,699 4,422 37,462 64,016 20,194

2,229 1,562 4,399 18,677 4,854

4,559 2,601 6,924 21,522 4,600

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

15,224 72,933 47,390 14,732 62,886 2,029

6,347 25,306 15,885 4,598 18,063 1,990

6,202 33,081 21,541 7,741 25,385 39

1,015 5,756 4,260 770 6,572 0

1,660 8,790 5,704 1,623 12,866 0

15,659 81,790 50,379 14,610 64,622 2,358

6,729 27,587 16,674 4,715 18,385 2,326

6,369 37,692 22,650 7,531 26,690 32

959 6,569 4,836 741 6,549 0

1,602 9,942 6,219 1,623 12,998 0

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

320 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 193. Total fall enrollment in private degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004—Continued Fall 2003

Fall 2004

Full-time State or jurisdiction

Part-time

Full-time

Part-time

Total

Males

Females

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Other jurisdictions ..........................

132,187

38,681

59,672

13,327

20,507

137,089

40,278

62,012

13,601

21,198

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

0 0 164 0 0 0 132,023 0

0 0 33 0 0 0 38,648 0

0 0 44 0 0 0 59,628 0

0 0 52 0 0 0 13,275 0

0 0 35 0 0 0 20,472 0

0 0 172 0 0 0 136,917 0

0 0 42 0 0 0 40,236 0

0 0 61 0 0 0 61,951 0

0 0 35 0 0 0 13,566 0

0 0 34 0 0 0 21,164 0

1

NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Females

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 and 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004 and Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 321 Enrollment

Table 194. Total fall enrollment in private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 Fall 2003

Fall 2004

Full-time State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Males

Part-time Females

Males

Full-time Females

Total

Males

Part-time Females

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States ...................................

3,340,718

1,088,086

1,385,320

339,127

528,185

3,411,685

1,104,447

1,418,546

344,776

543,916

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

23,091 825 13,504 13,273 261,859

8,019 173 4,016 5,054 85,747

11,211 323 4,919 6,240 110,608

1,458 113 1,643 673 28,798

2,403 216 2,926 1,306 36,706

23,181 952 9,981 13,377 273,906

8,281 183 3,502 5,204 85,196

11,277 381 3,787 6,107 111,626

1,491 122 1,090 635 33,225

2,132 266 1,602 1,431 43,859

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

29,355 59,461 11,974 69,513 133,782

8,547 20,420 2,407 21,364 39,065

10,476 25,307 3,368 30,289 49,337

4,422 5,507 2,207 7,513 21,323

5,910 8,227 3,992 10,347 24,057

30,231 60,271 11,561 70,687 142,340

8,693 20,527 2,400 22,035 42,871

10,876 25,737 3,507 30,753 52,739

4,435 5,167 1,899 7,434 21,751

6,227 8,840 3,755 10,465 24,979

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

60,525 14,667 13,641 199,496 76,000

20,763 3,817 5,548 62,443 27,931

30,140 5,702 6,944 79,664 33,856

3,601 2,550 459 21,031 4,973

6,021 2,598 690 36,358 9,240

61,190 13,963 14,071 202,733 77,232

20,987 3,468 5,851 62,984 28,674

31,004 5,607 6,927 81,881 34,847

3,363 2,212 520 21,414 4,837

5,836 2,676 773 36,454 8,874

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

52,876 20,103 27,967 29,685 16,599

18,260 6,491 8,971 9,167 5,044

23,594 7,530 12,265 14,221 6,449

3,896 2,295 2,495 2,066 1,403

7,126 3,787 4,236 4,231 3,703

54,094 20,351 28,645 30,249 17,170

18,801 6,441 9,225 9,171 5,374

24,415 7,502 12,809 14,359 6,720

3,810 2,360 2,378 2,190 1,472

7,068 4,048 4,233 4,529 3,604

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

50,847 243,599 107,787 67,010 12,363

12,907 83,637 26,132 20,990 3,816

16,930 103,607 38,787 28,869 6,352

8,146 22,286 15,800 6,375 663

12,864 34,069 27,068 10,776 1,532

50,625 246,710 111,565 66,786 12,688

12,655 84,927 26,278 21,508 3,780

17,344 106,222 38,732 29,517 6,616

8,033 21,541 16,637 5,735 652

12,593 34,020 29,918 10,026 1,640

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

129,513 4,796 23,756 502 23,831

33,062 1,464 8,144 151 8,562

40,533 2,231 11,026 191 9,779

23,811 366 1,604 59 1,965

32,107 735 2,982 101 3,525

134,829 4,884 25,468 505 24,823

34,113 1,583 8,557 210 8,657

42,412 2,328 11,711 227 9,882

25,008 366 1,799 31 2,127

33,296 607 3,401 37 4,157

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

67,328 3,971 465,275 78,417 4,627

22,536 957 157,180 28,787 1,682

22,787 1,621 195,436 37,351 2,415

8,649 460 40,805 4,701 173

13,356 933 71,854 7,578 357

69,370 3,614 471,654 80,539 5,536

23,216 875 157,503 29,383 1,916

23,549 1,482 200,054 38,416 2,829

8,945 421 41,172 4,610 238

13,660 836 72,925 8,130 553

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

132,935 24,585 26,561 256,074 39,148

44,709 9,401 8,667 85,642 16,428

55,040 10,171 11,964 104,747 17,191

11,885 2,315 2,482 24,225 2,655

21,301 2,698 3,448 41,460 2,874

136,247 22,095 27,035 262,148 39,907

45,846 8,211 8,703 87,187 16,979

56,294 9,213 12,473 108,194 17,521

12,105 2,112 2,405 23,993 2,511

22,002 2,559 3,454 42,774 2,896

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

33,999 7,535 61,272 125,192 38,130

11,619 1,849 22,283 40,158 16,237

16,737 3,328 29,607 47,711 16,551

1,751 722 3,606 16,576 2,801

3,892 1,636 5,776 20,747 2,541

34,589 7,879 62,656 122,989 40,963

11,380 1,937 22,988 40,516 15,949

16,896 3,366 30,292 48,296 17,035

2,091 796 3,575 15,559 4,337

4,222 1,780 5,801 18,618 3,642

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

14,932 58,249 39,173 12,099 59,016 0

6,138 19,159 12,218 3,966 16,358 0

6,119 27,175 18,549 5,875 24,197 0

1,015 4,617 3,452 735 6,001 0

1,660 7,298 4,954 1,523 12,460 0

15,322 61,153 40,855 12,125 59,941 0

6,519 20,076 12,587 4,105 16,435 0

6,242 28,549 19,190 5,752 25,051 0

959 4,814 3,739 709 5,951 0

1,602 7,714 5,339 1,559 12,504 0

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

322 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 194. Total fall enrollment in private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by attendance status, sex, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004—Continued Fall 2003

Fall 2004

Full-time State or jurisdiction

Part-time

Full-time

Part-time

Total

Males

Females

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Other jurisdictions ..........................

116,224

32,792

52,228

12,301

18,903

118,833

33,582

53,666

12,395

19,190

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

0 0 164 0 0 0 116,060 0

0 0 33 0 0 0 32,759 0

0 0 44 0 0 0 52,184 0

0 0 52 0 0 0 12,249 0

0 0 35 0 0 0 18,868 0

0 0 172 0 0 0 118,661 0

0 0 42 0 0 0 33,540 0

0 0 61 0 0 0 53,605 0

0 0 35 0 0 0 12,360 0

0 0 34 0 0 0 19,156 0

1

NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Females

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 and 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004 and Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 323 Enrollment

Table 195. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 2003

State or jurisdiction 1

Public 4-year

Public 2-year

2004

Private 4-year

Private 2-year

Total Not-for-profit

Total Not-for-profit

Public 4-year

Public 2-year

Private 4-year

Private 2-year

Total Not-for-profit

Total Not-for-profit

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

United States .............

6,649,441

6,207,618

3,758,112

3,296,882

285,300

43,836

6,736,536

6,243,576

3,989,645

3,369,435

302,287

42,250

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

143,815 28,611 115,460 75,713 612,604

81,532 1,210 195,219 44,207 1,366,227

28,089 1,214 106,550 13,456 320,343

22,918 825 13,323 13,090 253,782

410 0 13,432 574 39,672

173 0 181 183 8,077

148,293 28,329 116,571 77,857 600,027

78,696 1,186 201,403 46,116 1,387,256

28,194 1,354 156,757 13,913 346,512

22,987 952 9,812 13,174 267,085

643 0 16,194 513 40,250

194 0 169 203 6,821

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

152,227 63,655 24,299 5,424 353,114

84,656 45,160 13,322 0 290,670

44,068 59,387 11,758 89,873 177,390

29,137 59,096 11,758 69,513 131,722

8,292 2,774 216 0 18,561

218 365 216 0 2,060

154,592 64,611 24,508 5,388 365,574

84,716 45,743 13,735 0 284,283

52,353 59,867 11,385 94,600 197,509

30,009 58,924 11,385 70,687 140,109

9,253 2,554 176 0 19,299

222 1,347 176 0 2,231

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

198,753 23,972 48,319 201,118 199,285

131,299 26,344 12,162 365,019 63,672

77,921 15,633 14,523 223,843 77,728

59,351 13,576 13,641 198,542 74,882

3,088 1,441 366 6,794 9,406

1,174 1,091 0 954 1,118

196,056 24,671 48,283 200,467 198,408

139,923 25,898 12,412 363,126 68,508

95,174 15,485 15,292 231,722 80,489

60,036 13,095 14,071 201,863 76,573

3,130 1,171 324 6,086 9,396

1,154 868 0 870 659

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

70,791 94,502 116,134 155,641 35,156

78,404 74,882 80,340 52,282 11,558

63,523 19,240 32,753 32,421 16,469

51,791 19,017 27,296 29,685 16,469

1,240 1,667 6,516 4,111 1,039

1,085 1,086 671 0 130

67,749 95,505 116,719 157,859 35,070

82,027 74,644 81,272 50,359 12,214

66,713 19,728 34,307 33,742 17,055

53,058 19,294 28,645 30,249 17,055

1,157 1,713 7,799 4,341 1,076

1,036 1,057 0 0 115

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

134,453 102,782 290,170 128,879 67,355

117,573 86,552 211,651 111,835 66,963

52,634 242,902 111,490 91,906 12,363

50,769 241,276 107,502 65,276 12,363

2,883 3,832 2,454 5,160 1,903

78 2,323 285 1,734 0

137,633 102,385 289,699 130,229 69,323

118,949 85,488 211,174 111,016 68,220

52,854 246,891 116,980 102,844 12,688

50,625 244,905 111,220 65,368 12,688

3,057 4,481 3,127 4,932 1,884

0 1,805 345 1,418 0

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

129,267 33,883 53,452 44,642 27,211

87,510 8,561 39,980 49,563 14,113

136,451 4,250 23,626 5,150 26,898

128,386 4,250 23,626 502 23,831

6,452 546 2,453 1,640 1,386

1,127 546 130 0 0

128,320 33,722 52,552 80,702 27,254

86,241 8,567 40,643 16,071 13,388

142,955 4,323 27,163 6,365 27,531

133,811 4,323 25,314 505 24,235

7,688 561 695 2,823 1,990

1,018 561 154 0 588

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

153,056 53,893 349,867 183,347 33,739

145,850 63,352 264,028 200,373 9,644

71,932 8,910 479,020 78,105 4,161

67,185 3,671 459,729 77,918 4,161

1,794 697 33,172 2,605 858

143 300 5,546 499 466

152,991 57,087 350,748 189,615 33,769

152,043 64,252 272,444 199,528 9,506

73,752 10,044 485,184 80,844 5,000

69,244 3,614 465,592 79,968 5,000

1,588 194 33,149 2,722 1,258

126 0 6,062 571 536

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

266,674 109,421 81,914 255,484 23,714

183,695 69,191 84,215 125,770 16,223

136,905 27,783 29,701 261,350 39,148

131,874 24,585 26,263 250,788 39,148

16,104 1,386 2,871 32,970 0

1,061 0 298 5,286 0

272,773 113,343 82,515 256,360 23,627

181,604 65,938 82,860 128,165 16,293

140,834 25,605 32,063 270,144 39,907

134,792 22,095 26,768 257,287 39,907

19,023 2,739 2,547 34,111 550

1,455 0 267 4,861 0

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

92,039 32,688 120,718 494,118 108,072

79,854 5,491 75,370 541,890 32,210

33,894 10,344 64,361 135,751 41,645

33,165 7,091 60,601 124,059 36,872

1,814 444 7,520 16,968 3,845

834 444 671 1,133 1,258

93,504 32,216 124,405 505,120 110,533

78,882 5,382 75,499 566,806 34,649

34,526 10,605 67,731 136,669 45,528

33,713 7,374 62,072 121,894 39,715

1,998 505 10,420 20,602 3,614

876 505 584 1,095 1,248

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

17,263 188,353 103,933 71,410 151,293 13,130

5,344 153,595 194,146 10,863 115,512 18,536

14,695 65,576 46,625 12,099 62,255 0

14,539 58,249 39,173 12,099 58,517 0

529 7,357 765 2,633 631 2,029

393 0 0 0 499 0

17,361 189,665 105,366 67,586 151,635 13,207

5,619 153,726 187,779 15,688 115,249 18,390

15,131 77,504 49,709 12,125 63,995 0

14,932 60,997 40,855 12,125 59,434 0

528 4,286 670 2,485 627 2,358

390 156 0 0 507 0

U.S. Service Schools ..........

14,628

0

†

†

†

†

14,754

0

†

†

†

†

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

324 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 195. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004—Continued 2003

2004

Private 4-year

Private 2-year

Public 4-year

Public 2-year

2

3

4

5

6

Other jurisdictions ....

76,566

8,902

120,858

112,308

American Samoa ................ Federated States of Micronesia .................... Guam.................................. Marshall Islands.................. Northern Marianas ............. Palau................................... Puerto Rico......................... Virgin Islands ......................

0

1,537

0

0 2,988 0 1,237 0 69,801 2,540

2,558 1,558 601 0 727 1,921 0

0 164 0 0 0 120,694 0

State or jurisdiction 1

Private 4-year

Private 2-year

Public 4-year

Public 2-year

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

11,329

3,916

74,673

9,158

124,357

115,571

12,732

3,262

0

0

0

0

1,550

0

0

0

0

0 164 0 0 0 112,144 0

0 0 0 0 0 11,329 0

0 0 0 0 0 3,916 0

0 2,923 0 1,101 0 68,084 2,565

2,608 1,547 623 0 651 2,179 0

0 172 0 0 0 124,185 0

0 172 0 0 0 115,399 0

0 0 0 0 0 12,732 0

0 0 0 0 0 3,262 0

Total Not-for-profit

Total Not-for-profit

†Not applicable. NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Total Not-for-profit

Total Not-for-profit

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 and 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004 and Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 325 Enrollment

Table 196. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of enrollment and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004 Fall 2003

Fall 2004

Total

Undergraduate

Firstprofessional

Graduate

Total

Undergraduate

Firstprofessional

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

United States .....................................

16,900,471

14,473,884

329,076

2,097,511

17,272,044

14,780,630

334,529

2,156,885

Alabama ..................................................... Alaska......................................................... Arizona ....................................................... Arkansas..................................................... California ....................................................

253,846 31,035 430,661 133,950 2,338,846

218,328 28,885 366,874 122,123 2,075,896

4,321 0 3,040 1,796 33,713

31,197 2,150 60,747 10,031 229,237

255,826 30,869 490,925 138,399 2,374,045

218,372 28,563 410,416 125,636 2,107,426

4,436 0 3,178 1,836 33,845

33,018 2,306 77,331 10,927 232,774

Colorado ..................................................... Connecticut................................................. Delaware..................................................... District of Columbia .................................... Florida.........................................................

289,243 170,976 49,595 95,297 839,735

238,930 136,913 41,712 57,250 739,851

3,968 3,467 1,144 9,847 14,027

46,345 30,596 6,739 28,200 85,857

300,914 172,775 49,804 99,988 866,665

248,396 139,071 41,907 59,930 761,390

4,169 3,524 1,167 9,790 14,804

48,349 30,180 6,730 30,268 90,471

Georgia....................................................... Hawaii ......................................................... Idaho........................................................... Illinois.......................................................... Indiana........................................................

411,061 67,390 75,370 796,774 350,091

355,158 58,546 67,508 663,596 302,723

7,806 625 560 17,585 6,410

48,097 8,219 7,302 115,593 40,958

434,283 67,225 76,311 801,401 356,801

377,266 58,025 68,613 667,249 308,358

7,998 604 582 17,859 6,469

49,019 8,596 7,116 116,293 41,974

Iowa ............................................................ Kansas........................................................ Kentucky ..................................................... Louisiana .................................................... Maine..........................................................

213,958 190,291 235,743 244,455 64,222

188,844 166,265 206,772 210,547 56,216

7,867 2,503 4,629 6,338 819

17,247 21,523 24,342 27,570 7,187

217,646 191,590 240,097 246,301 65,415

193,908 168,160 210,589 211,901 57,394

7,124 2,501 4,647 6,399 825

16,614 20,929 24,861 28,001 7,196

Maryland..................................................... Massachusetts............................................ Michigan ..................................................... Minnesota ................................................... Mississippi ..................................................

307,543 436,068 615,765 337,780 148,584

248,735 327,441 523,041 278,660 132,732

4,361 15,705 11,598 7,358 2,438

54,447 92,922 81,126 51,762 13,414

312,493 439,245 620,980 349,021 152,115

252,340 328,335 529,083 280,739 135,449

4,322 16,091 12,583 7,819 2,525

55,831 94,819 79,314 60,463 14,141

Missouri ...................................................... Montana...................................................... Nebraska .................................................... Nevada ....................................................... New Hampshire ..........................................

359,680 47,240 119,511 100,995 69,608

292,404 43,018 102,522 91,030 59,205

11,126 247 3,605 834 687

56,150 3,975 13,384 9,131 9,716

365,204 47,173 121,053 105,961 70,163

296,969 42,743 103,765 95,563 59,199

11,559 472 3,618 923 726

56,676 3,958 13,670 9,475 10,238

New Jersey ................................................. New Mexico ................................................ New York..................................................... North Carolina ............................................ North Dakota ..............................................

372,632 126,852 1,126,087 464,430 48,402

314,461 110,517 899,982 411,718 43,893

6,104 979 30,183 7,614 429

52,067 15,356 195,922 45,098 4,080

380,374 131,577 1,141,525 472,709 49,533

321,494 114,794 914,620 417,786 44,774

6,184 981 30,479 7,610 432

52,696 15,802 196,426 47,313 4,327

Ohio ............................................................ Oklahoma ................................................... Oregon........................................................ Pennsylvania............................................... Rhode Island ..............................................

603,378 207,781 198,701 675,574 79,085

517,533 181,710 173,465 561,232 68,438

13,199 4,713 4,630 18,700 1,453

72,646 21,358 20,606 95,642 9,194

614,234 207,625 199,985 688,780 80,377

526,569 182,767 174,619 571,322 69,674

13,231 4,519 4,777 19,053 1,515

74,434 20,339 20,589 98,405 9,188

South Carolina............................................ South Dakota .............................................. Tennessee .................................................. Texas .......................................................... Utah ............................................................

207,601 48,967 267,969 1,188,727 185,772

182,480 43,313 231,289 1,042,964 170,231

3,273 644 5,862 20,090 1,450

21,848 5,010 30,818 125,673 14,091

208,910 48,708 278,055 1,229,197 194,324

184,413 43,202 239,918 1,082,667 176,909

3,392 626 5,913 20,367 1,443

21,105 4,880 32,224 126,163 15,972

Vermont ...................................................... Virginia........................................................ Washington................................................. West Virginia............................................... Wisconsin ................................................... Wyoming.....................................................

37,831 414,881 345,469 97,005 329,691 33,695

32,907 351,370 314,088 84,647 291,343 29,950

917 8,771 4,848 1,856 4,496 441

4,007 54,740 26,533 10,502 33,852 3,304

38,639 425,181 343,524 97,884 331,506 33,955

33,313 360,484 310,944 85,388 293,127 30,337

957 9,039 4,867 1,928 4,389 432

4,369 55,658 27,713 10,568 33,990 3,186

U.S. Service Schools ..................................

14,628

14,628

0

0

14,754

14,754

0

0

State or jurisdiction 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Graduate

326 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 196. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by level of enrollment and state or jurisdiction: 2003 and 2004—Continued Fall 2003

Fall 2004

Total

Undergraduate

Firstprofessional

Graduate

2

3

4

Other jurisdictions ............................

217,655

192,235

American Samoa ........................................ Federated States of Micronesia.................. Guam.......................................................... Marshall Islands.......................................... Northern Marianas ..................................... Palau........................................................... Puerto Rico................................................. Virgin Islands ..............................................

1,537 2,558 4,710 601 1,237 727 203,745 2,540

1,537 2,558 4,445 601 1,237 727 178,870 2,260

State or jurisdiction 1

NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Total

Undergraduate

Firstprofessional

Graduate

5

6

7

8

9

3,687

21,733

220,920

193,506

3,775

23,639

0 0 0 0 0 0 3,687 0

0 0 265 0 0 0 21,188 280

1,550 2,608 4,642 623 1,101 651 207,180 2,565

1,550 2,608 4,417 623 1,101 651 180,204 2,352

0 0 0 0 0 0 3,775 0

0 0 225 0 0 0 23,201 213

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 and 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004 and Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 327 Enrollment _

Table 197. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control, level of enrollment, type of institution, and state or jurisdiction: 2004 Public

Private

Undergraduate State or jurisdiction 1

Total

4-year

2-year

Firstprofessional

Undergraduate Graduate

Total

4-year

2-year

Firstprofessional

Graduate

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States ...................................

11,650,580

5,407,236

6,243,344

135,756

1,193,776

3,130,050

2,827,824

302,226

198,773

963,109

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

193,216 27,426 291,925 112,831 1,867,795

114,520 26,240 90,522 66,715 480,539

78,696 1,186 201,403 46,116 1,387,256

2,724 0 1,886 1,836 8,166

31,049 2,089 24,163 9,306 111,322

25,156 1,137 118,491 12,805 239,631

24,513 1,137 102,297 12,292 199,381

643 0 16,194 513 40,250

1,712 0 1,292 0 25,679

1,969 217 53,168 1,621 121,452

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

204,664 95,164 34,652 4,966 594,951

119,948 49,421 20,917 4,966 310,668

84,716 45,743 13,735 0 284,283

2,543 1,375 0 220 5,895

32,101 13,815 3,591 202 49,011

43,732 43,907 7,255 54,964 166,439

34,479 41,353 7,079 54,964 147,140

9,253 2,554 176 0 19,299

1,626 2,149 1,167 9,570 8,909

16,248 16,365 3,139 30,066 41,460

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

300,565 44,165 53,543 512,481 231,786

160,642 18,267 41,131 149,355 163,278

139,923 25,898 12,412 363,126 68,508

3,205 599 582 4,485 4,364

32,209 5,805 6,570 46,627 30,766

76,701 13,860 15,070 154,768 76,572

73,571 12,689 14,746 148,682 67,176

3,130 1,171 324 6,086 9,396

4,793 5 0 13,374 2,105

16,810 2,791 546 69,666 11,208

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

134,782 150,448 174,578 182,196 42,616

52,755 75,804 93,306 131,837 30,402

82,027 74,644 81,272 50,359 12,214

2,533 2,426 3,305 3,272 281

12,461 17,275 20,108 22,750 4,387

59,126 17,712 36,011 29,705 14,778

57,969 15,999 28,212 25,364 13,702

1,157 1,713 7,799 4,341 1,076

4,591 75 1,342 3,127 544

4,153 3,654 4,753 5,251 2,809

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

220,717 164,618 432,644 216,269 123,481

101,768 79,130 221,470 105,253 55,261

118,949 85,488 211,174 111,016 68,220

3,548 419 6,541 3,883 1,977

32,317 22,836 61,688 21,093 12,085

31,623 163,717 96,439 64,470 11,968

28,566 159,236 93,312 59,538 10,084

3,057 4,481 3,127 4,932 1,884

774 15,672 6,042 3,936 548

23,514 71,983 17,626 39,370 2,056

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

192,033 37,994 81,453 87,793 36,330

105,792 29,427 40,810 71,722 22,942

86,241 8,567 40,643 16,071 13,388

2,728 472 1,316 923 0

19,800 3,823 10,426 8,057 4,312

104,936 4,749 22,312 7,770 22,869

97,248 4,188 21,617 4,947 20,879

7,688 561 695 2,823 1,990

8,831 0 2,302 0 726

36,876 135 3,244 1,418 5,926

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

269,844 106,518 554,263 349,563 39,046

117,801 42,266 281,819 150,035 29,540

152,043 64,252 272,444 199,528 9,506

3,971 981 4,712 3,364 432

31,219 13,840 64,217 36,216 3,797

51,650 8,276 360,357 68,223 5,728

50,062 8,082 327,208 65,501 4,470

1,588 194 33,149 2,722 1,258

2,213 0 25,767 4,246 0

21,477 1,962 132,209 11,097 530

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

398,523 159,672 148,676 339,451 34,974

217,151 93,734 65,816 211,286 18,681

181,372 65,938 82,860 128,165 16,293

8,197 2,863 1,713 6,066 549

47,657 16,746 14,986 39,008 4,397

128,046 23,095 25,943 231,871 34,700

109,023 20,356 23,396 197,760 34,150

19,023 2,739 2,547 34,111 550

5,034 1,656 3,064 12,987 966

26,777 3,593 5,603 59,397 4,791

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

152,621 33,055 176,682 958,530 134,434

73,739 27,673 101,183 391,724 99,785

78,882 5,382 75,499 566,806 34,649

2,504 567 2,790 11,960 974

17,261 3,976 20,432 101,436 9,774

31,792 10,147 63,236 124,137 42,475

29,794 9,642 52,877 103,535 38,861

1,998 505 10,359 20,602 3,614

888 59 3,123 8,407 469

3,844 904 11,792 24,727 6,198

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

20,808 294,112 273,579 72,018 243,396 27,979

15,189 140,386 85,800 56,330 128,147 9,589

5,619 153,726 187,779 15,688 115,249 18,390

402 4,859 2,539 1,928 2,449 432

1,770 44,420 17,027 9,328 21,039 3,186

12,505 66,372 37,365 13,370 49,731 2,358

11,977 62,086 36,695 10,885 49,104 0

528 4,286 670 2,485 627 2,358

555 4,180 2,328 0 1,940 0

2,599 11,238 10,686 1,240 12,951 0

U.S. Service Schools ................................

14,754

14,754

0

0

0

†

†

†

†

†

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

328 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 197. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control, level of enrollment, type of institution, and state or jurisdiction: 2004—Continued Public

Private

Undergraduate

Undergraduate

Total

4-year

2-year

Firstprofessional

Graduate

Total

4-year

2-year

Firstprofessional

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Other jurisdictions ..........................

76,404

67,246

9,158

1,500

5,927

117,102

104,370

12,732

2,275

17,712

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

1,550 2,608 4,245 623 1,101 651 63,274 2,352

0 0 2,698 0 1,101 0 61,095 2,352

1,550 2,608 1,547 623 0 651 2,179 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1,500 0

0 0 225 0 0 0 5,489 213

0 0 172 0 0 0 116,930 0

0 0 172 0 0 0 104,198 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 12,732 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 2,275 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 17,712 0

State or jurisdiction 1

†Not applicable. NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Graduate

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 329 Enrollment _

Table 198. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control, level of enrollment, type of institution, and state or jurisdiction: 2003 Public

Private

Undergraduate State or jurisdiction 1

Total

4-year

2-year

Firstprofessional

Undergraduate Graduate

Total

4-year

2-year

Firstprofessional

Graduate

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States ...................................

11,521,464

5,314,218

6,207,246

134,361

1,201,234

2,952,420

2,667,120

285,300

194,715

896,277

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

193,389 27,866 283,952 109,358 1,851,757

111,857 26,656 88,733 65,151 485,530

81,532 1,210 195,219 44,207 1,366,227

2,677 0 1,800 1,796 8,141

29,281 1,955 24,927 8,766 118,933

24,939 1,019 82,922 12,765 224,139

24,529 1,019 69,490 12,191 184,467

410 0 13,432 574 39,672

1,644 0 1,240 0 25,572

1,916 195 35,820 1,265 110,304

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

202,079 93,501 34,134 5,006 589,843

117,423 48,341 20,812 5,006 299,173

84,656 45,160 13,322 0 290,670

2,344 1,340 0 183 5,718

32,460 13,974 3,487 235 48,223

36,851 43,412 7,578 52,244 150,008

28,559 40,638 7,362 52,244 131,447

8,292 2,774 216 0 18,561

1,624 2,127 1,144 9,664 8,309

13,885 16,622 3,252 27,965 37,634

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

293,062 44,121 53,119 513,565 228,279

161,763 17,777 40,957 148,546 164,607

131,299 26,344 12,162 365,019 63,672

3,161 613 560 4,591 4,296

33,829 5,582 6,802 47,981 30,382

62,096 14,425 14,389 150,031 74,444

59,008 12,984 14,023 143,237 65,038

3,088 1,441 366 6,794 9,406

4,645 12 0 12,994 2,114

14,268 2,637 500 67,612 10,576

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

132,777 148,804 173,153 182,112 42,046

54,373 73,922 92,813 129,830 30,488

78,404 74,882 80,340 52,282 11,558

3,445 2,422 3,238 3,212 281

12,973 18,158 20,083 22,599 4,387

56,067 17,461 33,619 28,435 14,170

54,827 15,794 27,103 24,324 13,131

1,240 1,667 6,516 4,111 1,039

4,422 81 1,391 3,126 538

4,274 3,365 4,259 4,971 2,800

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

217,023 166,259 432,466 217,276 120,943

99,450 79,707 220,815 105,441 53,980

117,573 86,552 211,651 111,835 66,963

3,562 425 6,394 3,627 1,936

31,441 22,650 62,961 19,811 11,439

31,712 161,182 90,575 61,384 11,789

28,829 157,350 88,121 56,224 9,886

2,883 3,832 2,454 5,160 1,903

799 15,280 5,204 3,731 502

23,006 70,272 18,165 31,951 1,975

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

193,467 38,361 81,575 85,464 37,137

105,957 29,800 41,595 35,901 23,024

87,510 8,561 39,980 49,563 14,113

2,708 247 1,311 834 0

20,602 3,836 10,546 7,907 4,187

98,937 4,657 20,947 5,566 22,068

92,485 4,111 18,494 3,926 20,682

6,452 546 2,453 1,640 1,386

8,418 0 2,294 0 687

35,548 139 2,838 1,224 5,529

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

263,524 102,710 543,218 345,526 39,341

117,674 39,358 279,190 145,153 29,697

145,850 63,352 264,028 200,373 9,644

3,908 979 4,721 3,384 429

31,474 13,556 65,956 34,810 3,613

50,937 7,807 356,764 66,192 4,552

49,143 7,110 323,592 63,587 3,694

1,794 697 33,172 2,605 858

2,196 0 25,462 4,230 0

20,593 1,800 129,966 10,288 467

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

395,864 158,647 149,220 335,846 34,826

212,541 89,456 65,005 210,076 18,603

183,323 69,191 84,215 125,770 16,223

8,005 2,818 1,612 6,141 514

46,500 17,147 15,297 39,267 4,597

121,669 23,063 24,245 225,386 33,612

105,565 21,677 21,374 192,416 33,612

16,104 1,386 2,871 32,970 0

5,194 1,895 3,018 12,559 939

26,146 4,211 5,309 56,375 4,597

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

150,826 33,310 173,353 924,930 129,998

70,972 27,819 97,983 383,040 97,788

79,854 5,491 75,370 541,890 32,210

2,383 573 2,772 11,855 954

18,684 4,296 19,963 99,223 9,330

31,654 10,003 57,936 118,034 40,233

29,840 9,559 50,416 101,066 36,388

1,814 444 7,520 16,968 3,845

890 71 3,090 8,235 496

3,164 714 10,855 26,450 4,761

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

20,416 292,826 278,755 70,950 242,935 27,921

15,072 139,231 84,609 60,087 127,423 9,385

5,344 153,595 194,146 10,863 115,512 18,536

389 4,820 2,524 1,856 2,421 441

1,802 44,302 16,800 9,467 21,449 3,304

12,491 58,544 35,333 13,697 48,408 2,029

11,962 51,187 34,568 11,064 47,777 0

529 7,357 765 2,633 631 2,029

528 3,951 2,324 0 2,075 0

2,205 10,438 9,733 1,035 12,403 0

U.S. Service Schools ................................

14,628

14,628

0

0

0

†

†

†

†

†

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

330 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 198. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control, level of enrollment, type of institution, and state or jurisdiction: 2003—Continued Public

Private

Undergraduate

Undergraduate

Total

4-year

2-year

Firstprofessional

Graduate

Total

4-year

2-year

Firstprofessional

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Other jurisdictions ..........................

77,948

69,046

8,902

1,488

6,032

114,287

102,958

11,329

2,199

15,701

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

1,537 2,558 4,281 601 1,237 727 64,747 2,260

0 0 2,723 0 1,237 0 62,826 2,260

1,537 2,558 1,558 601 0 727 1,921 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 1,488 0

0 0 265 0 0 0 5,487 280

0 0 164 0 0 0 114,123 0

0 0 164 0 0 0 102,794 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 11,329 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 2,199 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 15,701 0

State or jurisdiction 1

†Not applicable. NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Graduate

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 331 Enrollment

Table 199. Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution: 1969 through 2004 All institutions Year

Public institutions

Private institutions

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1969........................................................ 1970........................................................ 1971........................................................ 1972........................................................ 1973........................................................ 1974........................................................

6,334,139 6,737,817 7,148,575 7,253,712 7,453,467 7,805,454

4,899,526 5,145,410 5,357,708 5,406,792 5,439,226 5,606,248

1,434,612 1,592,404 1,790,867 1,846,921 2,014,241 2,199,206

4,577,985 4,953,149 5,344,356 5,452,851 5,629,568 5,944,799

3,259,676 3,468,572 3,660,624 3,706,238 3,721,035 3,847,542

1,318,309 1,484,577 1,683,732 1,746,613 1,908,533 2,097,257

1,756,153 1,784,665 1,804,219 1,800,862 1,823,899 1,860,655

1,639,850 1,676,838 1,697,084 1,700,554 1,718,191 1,758,706

116,303 107,827 107,135 100,308 105,708 101,949

1975........................................................ 1976........................................................ 1977........................................................ 1978........................................................ 1979........................................................

8,479,688 8,312,502 8,415,339 8,348,482 8,487,317

5,900,403 5,848,001 5,935,076 5,932,357 6,016,072

2,579,285 2,464,501 2,480,263 2,416,125 2,471,245

6,522,310 6,349,903 6,396,476 6,279,199 6,392,617

4,056,500 3,998,450 4,039,071 3,996,126 4,059,304

2,465,810 2,351,453 2,357,405 2,283,073 2,333,313

1,957,378 1,962,599 2,018,863 2,069,283 2,094,700

1,843,903 1,849,551 1,896,005 1,936,231 1,956,768

113,475 113,048 122,858 133,052 137,932

1980........................................................ 1981........................................................ 1982........................................................ 1983........................................................ 1984........................................................

8,819,013 9,014,521 9,091,648 9,166,398 8,951,695

6,161,372 6,249,847 6,248,923 6,325,222 6,292,711

2,657,641 2,764,674 2,842,725 2,841,176 2,658,984

6,642,294 6,781,300 6,850,589 6,881,479 6,684,664

4,158,267 4,208,506 4,220,648 4,265,807 4,237,895

2,484,027 2,572,794 2,629,941 2,615,672 2,446,769

2,176,719 2,233,221 2,241,059 2,284,919 2,267,031

2,003,105 2,041,341 2,028,275 2,059,415 2,054,816

1985........................................................ 1986........................................................ 1987........................................................ 1988........................................................ 1989........................................................

8,943,433 9,064,165 9,229,736 9,464,271 9,780,881

6,294,339 6,360,325 6,486,504 6,664,146 6,813,602

2,649,094 2,703,842 2,743,230 2,800,125 2,967,279

6,667,781 6,778,045 6,937,690 7,096,905 7,371,590

4,239,622 4,295,494 4,395,728 4,505,774 4,619,828

2,428,159 2,482,551 2,541,961 2,591,131 2,751,762

2,275,652 2,286,122 2,292,045 2,367,366 2,409,291

2,054,717 2,064,831 2,090,776 2,158,372 2,193,774

1990........................................................ 1991........................................................ 1992........................................................ 1993........................................................ 1994........................................................

9,983,436 10,360,606 10,436,776 10,351,415 10,348,072

6,968,008 7,081,454 7,129,379 7,120,921 7,137,341

3,015,428 3,279,152 3,307,397 3,230,494 3,210,731

7,557,982 7,862,845 7,911,701 7,812,394 7,784,396

4,740,049 4,795,704 4,797,884 4,765,983 4,749,524

2,817,933 3,067,141 3,113,817 3,046,411 3,034,872

2,425,454 2,497,761 2,525,075 2,539,021 2,563,676

2,227,959 2,285,750 2,331,495 2,354,938 2,387,817

197,495 212,011 193,580 184,083 175,859

1995........................................................ 1996........................................................ 1997........................................................

10,334,956 10,402,260 10,484,726

7,172,844 7,231,680 7,320,206

3,162,112 3,170,580 3,164,520

7,751,815 7,775,298 7,839,374

4,757,223 4,767,248 4,813,152

2,994,592 3,008,050 3,026,222

2,583,141 2,626,962 2,645,352

2,415,621 2,464,432 2,507,054

167,520 162,530 138,298

1996........................................................ 1997........................................................ 1998........................................................ 19993 ...................................................... 2000........................................................

10,481,886 10,615,028 10,698,775 10,943,609 11,267,025

7,234,541 7,338,794 7,467,828 7,638,976 7,795,139

3,247,345 3,276,234 3,230,947 3,304,633 3,471,886

7,794,895 7,869,764 7,880,135 8,020,074 8,266,932

4,767,117 4,813,849 4,868,857 4,944,554 5,025,588

3,027,778 3,055,915 3,011,278 3,075,520 3,241,344

2,686,991 2,745,264 2,818,640 2,923,535 3,000,093

2,467,424 2,524,945 2,598,971 2,694,422 2,769,551

219,567 220,319 219,669 229,113 230,542

2001........................................................ 2002........................................................ 2003........................................................ 2004........................................................

11,765,945 12,331,319 12,674,309 13,000,994

8,087,980 8,439,064 8,734,596 9,018,024

3,677,965 3,892,255 3,939,713 3,982,970

8,639,154 9,061,411 9,236,579 9,348,081

5,194,035 5,406,283 5,557,573 5,640,650

3,445,119 3,655,128 3,679,006 3,707,431

3,126,791 3,269,908 3,437,730 3,652,913

2,893,945 3,032,781 3,177,023 3,377,374

232,846 237,127 260,707 275,539

1 Institutions of higher education

1 1

173,614 191,880 212,784 225,504 212,215

220,935 221,291 2 201,269 208,994 215,517 2

Degree-granting institutions

1Large

increases are due to the addition of schools accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges of Technology in 1980 and 1981. 2 Because of imputation techniques, data are not consistent with figures for other years. 3Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily

2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1969 through 1985; and 1996 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:96–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared December 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

332 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 200. Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2000, 2003, and 2004 Public

Private

4-year State or jurisdiction 1

2000

2-year

2003

2004

2000

4-year

2003

2004

2000

2-year

2003

2004

2000

2003

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

United States .............

5,025,588

5,557,573

5,640,650

3,241,344

3,679,006

3,707,431

2,769,551

3,177,023

3,377,374

230,542

260,707

275,539

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

111,322 16,335 87,301 57,897 476,027

118,758 18,586 96,693 63,994 533,481

122,374 18,722 98,786 65,611 527,193

48,545 473 85,778 21,519 707,558

56,871 507 99,066 28,793 739,884

55,083 462 103,510 29,949 750,326

23,518 672 43,188 10,995 250,026

24,847 863 102,979 12,256 275,856

25,078 976 151,318 12,645 293,184

646 307 9,129 1,475 34,875

387 0 12,211 536 37,980

615 0 15,006 466 38,017

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

109,844 46,826 20,427 3,364 190,472

121,650 51,217 21,944 3,464 271,912

123,837 52,651 22,251 3,493 281,779

41,322 20,934 6,939 0 173,433

46,527 24,772 7,852 0 165,248

46,476 25,851 8,089 0 163,945

30,615 48,714 6,549 56,196 107,473

35,621 51,123 8,097 69,923 142,741

42,508 51,787 8,014 72,947 159,920

6,336 1,480 142 0 15,440

7,140 2,109 171 0 17,988

8,440 1,703 160 0 18,858

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

136,069 17,015 34,125 164,592 155,982

163,138 19,984 38,444 171,754 166,388

162,653 20,544 38,514 171,933 166,088

66,571 14,996 6,807 186,533 28,131

85,088 16,076 8,220 207,659 37,885

90,958 15,816 8,447 207,711 40,949

62,132 11,649 2,500 164,273 61,851

69,953 12,561 13,769 183,126 68,784

86,917 12,595 14,398 189,254 71,585

3,935 1,669 8,921 4,689 5,034

2,928 1,310 366 5,637 8,794

2,996 1,004 324 4,805 8,698

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

61,763 74,307 86,080 126,372 24,678

63,306 78,412 97,217 133,873 26,723

60,801 79,389 98,023 136,199 26,895

44,717 39,457 32,239 27,130 4,797

53,521 44,143 50,004 35,306 7,446

54,865 44,373 50,292 34,192 7,916

43,869 15,014 25,793 27,203 12,954

52,347 15,723 27,864 28,539 13,414

54,657 15,998 29,467 29,499 14,013

2,156 1,061 5,283 2,956 955

1,096 1,445 5,731 3,870 895

1,005 1,503 6,631 4,173 871

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

94,929 78,452 223,981 95,345 56,107

105,811 81,622 241,038 106,994 58,744

107,705 81,667 242,058 107,880 61,002

57,367 47,972 101,794 65,167 47,245

66,752 53,111 118,344 74,168 54,951

67,965 52,297 120,501 73,952 55,114

35,969 198,476 75,020 54,476 9,677

39,703 209,230 85,790 74,692 11,023

40,131 213,830 89,118 84,147 11,292

622 3,084 1,224 8,244 775

2,376 2,976 2,055 4,528 1,689

2,654 3,363 2,547 4,350 1,784

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

99,187 28,278 44,374 27,631 21,064

105,072 29,808 45,419 33,747 22,867

105,253 29,659 44,766 54,998 23,262

46,793 3,900 20,812 20,468 5,442

55,705 6,147 24,298 24,031 7,420

55,422 6,194 25,012 7,792 7,250

84,889 3,336 18,750 2,519 20,646

101,554 3,635 20,892 4,976 22,908

106,336 3,775 23,968 6,113 23,289

6,292 491 2,057 1,959 1,078

6,054 491 2,264 1,640 1,274

7,312 519 649 2,778 1,591

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

111,449 39,779 269,664 140,203 24,728

120,851 43,574 284,011 158,361 29,355

121,377 45,489 286,399 164,141 29,512

79,367 29,541 168,911 96,999 6,515

95,309 35,953 187,925 124,342 7,335

99,531 36,272 194,276 120,789 7,123

51,557 6,799 366,833 67,622 3,697

57,799 7,834 409,921 70,585 3,879

59,299 8,930 415,504 73,030 4,577

3,074 1,296 20,670 981 290

1,720 683 30,185 2,383 752

1,525 194 29,923 2,478 1,014

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

215,993 79,786 59,588 211,132 17,967

233,035 91,566 68,937 227,367 19,152

236,762 95,194 69,258 229,068 19,340

92,749 34,997 46,099 58,759 8,650

111,915 43,501 50,106 75,659 9,220

111,748 41,307 49,886 78,279 9,277

107,773 21,723 23,928 202,341 33,022

115,997 24,773 25,910 220,404 35,794

119,015 22,790 28,252 227,752 36,627

9,565 327 1,090 27,497 0

14,576 1,386 2,853 30,188 0

17,321 2,733 2,510 30,978 550

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

74,309 23,881 99,636 358,523 71,982

79,811 26,081 103,864 409,370 81,979

81,982 25,778 107,077 419,597 83,226

41,804 4,193 53,146 268,057 16,454

50,772 4,744 50,064 315,351 19,991

50,414 4,699 50,759 325,959 20,890

25,929 6,688 52,015 101,852 35,110

30,389 7,941 58,582 111,451 38,510

30,604 8,286 61,759 114,037 40,735

1,301 114 4,303 12,580 2,076

1,695 256 6,511 15,886 2,788

1,813 293 9,530 18,896 2,655

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

13,581 147,370 83,899 58,171 130,661 9,665

14,940 158,907 93,244 60,739 135,227 10,514

15,173 160,904 94,707 58,082 136,212 10,632

1,845 72,913 114,754 3,969 56,195 10,588

2,330 84,088 125,928 7,469 65,662 11,547

2,508 83,857 120,901 11,123 65,565 11,559

13,313 51,517 34,489 8,891 45,510 0

13,127 57,347 40,697 10,723 50,571 0

13,633 67,708 43,109 10,742 52,226 0

360 5,470 3,467 1,931 546 1,289

463 6,761 651 2,551 449 2,029

461 4,047 546 2,428 464 2,358

U.S. Service Schools ..........

13,475

14,628

14,754

0

0

0

†

†

†

†

†

†

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 333 Enrollment

Table 200. Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2000, 2003, and 2004—Continued Public

Private

4-year State or jurisdiction

2-year

4-year

2-year

2000

2003

2004

2000

2003

2004

2000

2003

2004

2000

2003

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Other jurisdictions ....

66,376

66,481

65,963

7,200

6,799

7,091

83,619

100,919

104,124

8,844

10,686

11,800

American Samoa ................ Federated States of Micronesia .................... Guam.................................. Marshall Islands.................. Northern Marianas ............. Palau................................... Puerto Rico......................... Virgin Islands ......................

0

0

0

214

1,052

1,018

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 2,802 0 0 0 61,987 1,587

0 2,385 0 999 0 61,349 1,748

0 2,313 0 931 0 60,941 1,778

1,308 777 166 707 450 3,578 0

2,180 799 495 0 556 1,717 0

2,169 828 540 0 504 2,032 0

0 0 0 0 0 83,619 0

0 111 0 0 0 100,808 0

0 130 0 0 0 103,994 0

0 0 0 0 0 8,844 0

0 0 0 0 0 10,686 0

0 0 0 0 0 11,800 0

1

†Not applicable. NOTE: Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

2004

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2000 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared December 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

334 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 201. Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980 through 2004 Total State or jurisdiction 1

Public

Private

19801

19901

20002

20032

20042

19901

20002

20042

19901

20002

20042

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States ...................................

8,819,013

9,983,436

11,267,025

12,674,309

13,000,994

7,557,982

8,266,932

9,348,081

2,425,454

3,000,093

3,652,913

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

138,910 10,073 127,114 64,307 1,099,559

174,610 18,496 167,617 74,449 1,156,288

184,031 17,787 225,396 91,886 1,468,486

200,863 19,956 310,949 105,579 1,587,201

203,150 20,160 368,620 108,671 1,608,720

154,343 17,087 153,500 63,472 979,663

159,867 16,808 173,079 79,416 1,183,585

177,457 19,184 202,296 95,560 1,277,519

20,267 1,409 14,117 10,977 176,625

24,164 979 52,317 12,470 284,901

25,693 976 166,324 13,111 331,201

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

123,589 112,612 26,284 62,126 290,647

159,032 115,791 31,612 61,549 383,385

188,117 117,954 34,057 59,560 486,818

210,938 129,221 38,064 73,387 597,889

221,261 131,992 38,514 76,440 624,502

138,350 70,870 26,059 7,294 302,579

151,166 67,760 27,366 3,364 363,905

170,313 78,502 30,340 3,493 445,724

20,682 44,921 5,553 54,255 80,806

36,951 50,194 6,691 56,196 122,913

50,948 53,490 8,174 72,947 178,778

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

152,369 35,859 33,938 432,365 193,445

198,549 41,097 41,275 493,364 222,835

268,707 45,329 52,353 520,087 250,998

321,107 49,931 60,799 568,176 281,851

343,524 49,959 61,683 573,703 287,320

149,115 32,496 31,408 353,247 168,984

202,640 32,011 40,932 351,125 184,113

253,611 36,360 46,961 379,644 207,037

49,434 8,601 9,867 140,117 53,851

66,067 13,318 11,421 168,962 66,885

89,913 13,599 14,722 194,059 80,283

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

120,083 101,147 113,709 132,780 34,471

138,565 118,969 137,651 154,132 42,021

152,505 129,839 149,395 183,661 43,384

170,270 139,723 180,816 201,588 48,478

171,328 141,263 184,413 204,063 49,695

95,772 106,570 111,858 129,357 29,876

106,480 113,764 118,319 153,502 29,475

115,666 123,762 148,315 170,391 34,811

42,793 12,399 25,793 24,775 12,145

46,025 16,075 31,076 30,159 13,909

55,662 17,501 36,098 33,672 14,884

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

149,202 315,937 366,058 162,559 85,621

169,972 320,299 389,814 190,608 103,957

188,887 327,984 402,019 223,232 113,804

214,642 346,939 447,227 260,382 126,407

218,455 351,157 454,224 270,329 129,192

141,950 130,962 326,952 143,424 92,269

152,296 126,424 325,775 160,512 103,352

175,670 133,964 362,559 181,832 116,116

28,022 189,337 62,862 47,184 11,688

36,591 201,560 76,244 62,720 10,452

42,785 217,193 91,665 88,497 13,076

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

180,156 29,428 68,505 22,467 39,456

210,104 29,905 80,989 33,814 45,762

237,161 36,005 85,993 52,577 48,230

268,385 40,081 92,873 64,394 54,469

274,323 40,147 94,395 71,681 55,392

142,953 26,835 65,739 33,392 24,948

145,980 32,178 65,186 48,099 26,506

160,675 35,853 69,778 62,790 30,512

67,151 3,070 15,250 422 20,814

91,181 3,827 20,807 4,478 21,724

113,648 4,294 24,617 8,891 24,880

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

218,838 43,722 760,305 235,266 30,188

221,468 59,517 798,696 269,025 33,118

245,447 77,415 826,078 305,805 35,230

275,679 88,044 912,042 355,671 41,321

281,732 90,885 926,102 360,438 42,226

174,324 57,870 446,379 208,321 30,276

190,816 69,320 438,575 237,202 31,243

220,908 81,761 480,675 284,930 36,635

47,144 1,647 352,317 60,704 2,842

54,631 8,095 387,503 68,603 3,987

60,824 9,124 445,427 75,508 5,591

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

369,342 115,701 110,649 404,192 50,628

420,499 128,203 120,176 464,179 60,168

426,080 136,833 130,705 499,729 59,639

475,523 161,226 147,806 553,618 64,166

484,846 162,024 149,906 566,077 65,794

317,837 108,933 101,424 261,305 28,804

308,742 114,783 105,687 269,891 26,617

348,510 136,501 119,144 307,347 28,617

102,662 19,270 18,752 202,874 31,364

117,338 22,050 25,018 229,838 33,022

136,336 25,523 30,762 258,730 37,177

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

109,346 27,873 161,058 527,724 78,199

127,225 28,256 175,961 637,742 94,012

143,343 34,876 209,100 741,012 125,622

162,667 39,022 219,021 852,058 143,268

164,813 39,056 229,125 878,489 147,506

101,918 22,128 130,184 553,436 63,495

116,113 28,074 152,782 626,580 88,436

132,396 30,477 157,836 745,556 104,116

25,307 6,128 45,777 84,306 30,517

27,230 6,802 56,318 114,432 37,186

32,417 8,579 71,289 132,933 43,390

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

25,572 199,549 194,440 60,394 206,790 14,725

29,072 251,708 189,521 68,235 229,975 21,888

29,099 277,270 236,609 72,962 232,912 21,542

30,860 307,103 260,520 81,482 251,909 24,090

31,775 316,516 259,263 82,375 254,467 24,549

16,048 202,285 160,889 59,229 192,107 21,185

15,426 220,283 198,653 62,140 186,856 20,253

17,681 244,761 215,608 69,205 201,777 22,191

13,024 49,423 28,632 9,006 37,868 703

13,673 56,987 37,956 10,822 46,056 1,289

14,094 71,755 43,655 13,170 52,690 2,358

U.S. Service Schools3 ..............................

49,736

48,281

13,475

14,628

14,754

48,281

13,475

14,754

†

†

†

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 335 Enrollment

Table 201. Full-time-equivalent fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by control and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980 through 2004—Continued Total State or jurisdiction 1

1980

1

1990

1

Public

2000

2

2003

2

2004

2

1990

1

Private

2000

2

2004

2

1990

1

20002

20042

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Other jurisdictions ..........................

117,637

140,954

166,039

188,978

85,046

55,908

73,576

73,054

85,046

92,463

115,924

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

824 195 2,115 0 0 0 113,285 1,218

952 549 2,956 0 376 423 134,193 1,505

214 1,308 3,579 166 707 450 158,028 1,587

1,052 2,180 3,295 495 999 556 174,560 1,748

1,018 2,169 3,271 540 931 504 178,767 1,778

952 549 2,956 0 376 423 49,147 1,505

214 1,308 3,579 166 707 450 65,565 1,587

1,018 2,169 3,141 540 931 504 62,973 1,778

0 0 0 0 0 0 85,046 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 92,463 0

0 0 130 0 0 0 115,794 0

†Not applicable. 1Institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. 2 Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. 3Data for 2000 and later years reflect substantial change in survey coverage.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” 1980 survey; and 1990 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared December 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

336 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 202. Residence and migration of all freshmen students in degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 2004

State or jurisdiction 1

Students enrolled in institutions located in the jurisdiction1

Student residents of state

Ratio of students remaining to—

Migration of students

Attending Attending college in Students enrolled Student residents college in 2 home jurisdiction3 (col. 4/col. 2) (col. 4/col. 3) any jurisdiction

Out of state (col. 3 - col. 4)

Into state4 (col. 2 - col. 4)

Net (col. 8 - col. 7)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

United States .....................................

2,630,243

2,575,811

2,133,727

0.81

0.83

442,084

496,516

54,432

Alabama ..................................................... Alaska......................................................... Arizona ....................................................... Arkansas..................................................... California ....................................................

42,737 2,760 50,521 24,110 259,869

37,769 4,313 40,036 22,715 253,474

34,074 2,430 35,972 20,162 230,354

0.80 0.88 0.71 0.84 0.89

0.90 0.56 0.90 0.89 0.91

3,695 1,883 4,064 2,553 23,120

8,663 330 14,549 3,948 29,515

4,968 -1,553 10,485 1,395 6,395

Colorado ..................................................... Connecticut................................................. Delaware..................................................... District of Columbia .................................... Florida.........................................................

45,341 27,295 8,253 11,350 138,561

44,616 32,649 6,827 3,912 120,899

37,398 18,771 4,846 1,055 109,133

0.82 0.69 0.59 0.09 0.79

0.84 0.57 0.71 0.27 0.90

7,218 13,878 1,981 2,857 11,766

7,943 8,524 3,407 10,295 29,428

725 -5,354 1,426 7,438 17,662

Georgia....................................................... Hawaii ......................................................... Idaho........................................................... Illinois.......................................................... Indiana........................................................

83,314 8,492 11,801 103,212 61,520

80,377 8,832 11,339 114,285 54,805

69,428 6,057 8,525 90,951 47,980

0.83 0.71 0.72 0.88 0.78

0.86 0.69 0.75 0.80 0.88

10,949 2,775 2,814 23,334 6,825

13,886 2,435 3,276 12,261 13,540

2,937 -340 462 -11,073 6,715

Iowa ............................................................ Kansas........................................................ Kentucky ..................................................... Louisiana .................................................... Maine..........................................................

43,352 28,393 39,485 43,572 10,760

35,152 26,673 34,718 40,910 11,860

31,128 22,970 30,891 37,168 7,846

0.72 0.81 0.78 0.85 0.73

0.89 0.86 0.89 0.91 0.66

4,024 3,703 3,827 3,742 4,014

12,224 5,423 8,594 6,404 2,914

8,200 1,720 4,767 2,662 -1,100

Maryland..................................................... Massachusetts............................................ Michigan ..................................................... Minnesota ................................................... Mississippi ..................................................

45,815 70,869 88,078 61,042 33,646

53,336 61,944 88,279 62,798 30,686

36,575 44,207 79,810 50,355 28,659

0.80 0.62 0.91 0.82 0.85

0.69 0.71 0.90 0.80 0.93

16,761 17,737 8,469 12,443 2,027

9,240 26,662 8,268 10,687 4,987

-7,521 8,925 -201 -1,756 2,960

Missouri ...................................................... Montana...................................................... Nebraska .................................................... Nevada ....................................................... New Hampshire ..........................................

51,431 8,484 18,855 13,995 12,420

49,183 8,593 18,728 14,332 11,828

41,537 6,428 15,480 12,013 6,495

0.81 0.76 0.82 0.86 0.52

0.84 0.75 0.83 0.84 0.55

7,646 2,165 3,248 2,319 5,333

9,894 2,056 3,375 1,982 5,925

2,248 -109 127 -337 592

New Jersey ................................................. New Mexico ................................................ New York..................................................... North Carolina ............................................ North Dakota ..............................................

57,564 16,827 180,253 81,444 9,477

84,556 16,950 176,350 71,834 7,711

53,103 13,913 146,818 65,215 5,504

0.92 0.83 0.81 0.80 0.58

0.63 0.82 0.83 0.91 0.71

31,453 3,037 29,532 6,619 2,207

4,461 2,914 33,435 16,229 3,973

-26,992 -123 3,903 9,610 1,766

Ohio ............................................................ Oklahoma ................................................... Oregon........................................................ Pennsylvania............................................... Rhode Island ..............................................

104,334 34,948 28,402 132,339 15,388

105,975 31,937 27,076 119,658 9,209

90,920 28,856 22,338 101,314 6,246

0.87 0.83 0.79 0.77 0.41

0.86 0.90 0.83 0.85 0.68

15,055 3,081 4,738 18,344 2,963

13,414 6,092 6,064 31,025 9,142

-1,641 3,011 1,326 12,681 6,179

South Carolina............................................ South Dakota .............................................. Tennessee .................................................. Texas .......................................................... Utah ............................................................

37,868 9,076 47,991 205,221 26,787

34,340 8,920 45,448 208,106 20,301

30,641 6,687 38,202 189,462 18,722

0.81 0.74 0.80 0.92 0.70

0.89 0.75 0.84 0.91 0.92

3,699 2,233 7,246 18,644 1,579

7,227 2,389 9,789 15,759 8,065

3,528 156 2,543 -2,885 6,486

Vermont ...................................................... Virginia........................................................ Washington................................................. West Virginia............................................... Wisconsin ................................................... Wyoming.....................................................

6,343 66,621 37,393 16,602 55,331 6,519

4,750 61,956 40,604 13,989 56,165 4,606

2,013 50,453 32,291 12,026 46,809 3,231

0.32 0.76 0.86 0.72 0.85 0.50

0.42 0.81 0.80 0.86 0.83 0.70

2,737 11,503 8,313 1,963 9,356 1,375

4,330 16,168 5,102 4,576 8,522 3,288

1,593 4,665 -3,211 2,613 -834 1,913

U.S. Service Schools .................................. State unknown5 ..........................................

4,182 †

† 39,502

265 †

† †

† †

-265 39,502

3,917 †

4,182 -39,502

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 337 Enrollment

Table 202. Residence and migration of all freshmen students in degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 2004—Continued

State or jurisdiction 1

Students enrolled in institutions located in the jurisdiction1

Student residents of state

Ratio of students remaining to—

Migration of students

Attending Attending college in Students enrolled Student residents college in 2 (col. 4/col. 2) (col. 4/col. 3) any jurisdiction home jurisdiction3

2

3

4

5

Out of state (col. 3 - col. 4)

Into state4 (col. 2 - col. 4)

Net (col. 8 - col. 7)

6

7

8

9

Other jurisdictions ............................

43,506

44,225

41,186

0.95

0.93

3,039

2,320

-719

American Samoa ........................................ Federated States of Micronesia.................. Guam.......................................................... Marshall Islands.......................................... Northern Marianas ..................................... Palau........................................................... Puerto Rico................................................. Virgin Islands ..............................................

575 1,389 724 179 255 115 39,471 798

692 1,538 397 276 231 1,253 38,936 902

575 1,387 254 169 197 74 38,192 338

1.00 1.00 0.35 0.94 0.77 0.64 0.97 0.42

0.83 0.90 0.64 0.61 0.85 0.06 0.98 0.37

117 151 143 107 34 1,179 744 564

0 2 470 10 58 41 1,279 460

-117 -149 327 -97 24 -1,138 535 -104

Foreign countries........................................ Residence unknown ...................................

† †

36,006 17,707

† †

† †

† †

36,006 17,707

† †

-36,006 -17,707

†Not applicable. 1All of the new students reported by the institutions in that state; i.e., all in-migrants and “remaining” students. 2All students living in a particular state when admitted to an institution in any state. Students may be enrolled in any state. 3 Students who attend institutions in their home state. 4Includes students coming to U.S. colleges from foreign countries and other jurisdictions.

5Students

are reported in “state unknown” when an institution is unable to determine the student’s home state. NOTE: Includes all students who are enrolled at the reporting institution for the first time. Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

338 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 203. Residence and migration of all freshmen students in degree-granting institutions who graduated from high school in the previous 12 months, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 2004

State or jurisdiction 1

Students enrolled in institutions located in the jurisdiction1

Student residents of state

Ratio of students remaining to—

Migration of students

Attending college in any jurisdiction2

Attending college in home jurisdiction3

Students enrolled (col. 4/col. 2)

Student residents (col. 4/col. 3)

Out of state (col. 3 - col. 4)

Into state4 (col. 2 - col. 4)

Net (col. 8 - col. 7)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

United States .....................................

1,731,100

1,709,495

1,385,121

0.80

0.81

324,374

345,979

21,605

Alabama ..................................................... Alaska......................................................... Arizona ....................................................... Arkansas..................................................... California ....................................................

28,470 2,284 26,810 17,577 160,721

24,887 3,379 22,830 15,934 164,013

22,425 2,024 20,032 14,343 146,618

0.79 0.89 0.75 0.82 0.91

0.90 0.60 0.88 0.90 0.89

2,462 1,355 2,798 1,591 17,395

6,045 260 6,778 3,234 14,103

3,583 -1,095 3,980 1,643 -3,292

Colorado ..................................................... Connecticut................................................. Delaware..................................................... District of Columbia .................................... Florida.........................................................

27,307 22,664 5,973 8,788 90,202

27,296 25,152 4,488 2,488 79,246

21,619 14,504 2,941 611 70,729

0.79 0.64 0.49 0.07 0.78

0.79 0.58 0.66 0.25 0.89

5,677 10,648 1,547 1,877 8,517

5,688 8,160 3,032 8,177 19,473

11 -2,488 1,485 6,300 10,956

Georgia....................................................... Hawaii ......................................................... Idaho........................................................... Illinois.......................................................... Indiana........................................................

49,168 5,955 8,220 66,544 41,617

48,381 6,755 7,614 77,215 36,019

40,174 4,540 5,616 58,151 31,275

0.82 0.76 0.68 0.87 0.75

0.83 0.67 0.74 0.75 0.87

8,207 2,215 1,998 19,064 4,744

8,994 1,415 2,604 8,393 10,342

787 -800 606 -10,671 5,598

Iowa ............................................................ Kansas........................................................ Kentucky ..................................................... Louisiana .................................................... Maine..........................................................

26,283 21,582 24,295 28,341 6,874

22,781 19,821 21,693 25,174 7,965

19,566 17,129 19,349 22,680 4,974

0.74 0.79 0.80 0.80 0.72

0.86 0.86 0.89 0.90 0.62

3,215 2,692 2,344 2,494 2,991

6,717 4,453 4,946 5,661 1,900

3,502 1,761 2,602 3,167 -1,091

Maryland..................................................... Massachusetts............................................ Michigan ..................................................... Minnesota ................................................... Mississippi ..................................................

27,931 48,481 63,791 38,880 17,977

35,774 43,803 63,706 41,619 16,297

22,508 29,869 57,300 30,930 15,114

0.81 0.62 0.90 0.80 0.84

0.63 0.68 0.90 0.74 0.93

13,266 13,934 6,406 10,689 1,183

5,423 18,612 6,491 7,950 2,863

-7,843 4,678 85 -2,739 1,680

Missouri ...................................................... Montana...................................................... Nebraska .................................................... Nevada ....................................................... New Hampshire ..........................................

36,026 6,398 13,473 8,373 8,947

34,419 6,362 13,557 8,744 8,737

28,448 4,663 10,885 7,132 4,781

0.79 0.73 0.81 0.85 0.53

0.83 0.73 0.80 0.82 0.55

5,971 1,699 2,672 1,612 3,956

7,578 1,735 2,588 1,241 4,166

1,607 36 -84 -371 210

New Jersey ................................................. New Mexico ................................................ New York..................................................... North Carolina ............................................ North Dakota ..............................................

38,104 11,574 120,947 57,466 7,448

60,694 11,762 123,062 49,635 5,661

34,841 9,908 99,455 45,212 4,196

0.91 0.86 0.82 0.79 0.56

0.57 0.84 0.81 0.91 0.74

25,853 1,854 23,607 4,423 1,465

3,263 1,666 21,492 12,254 3,252

-22,590 -188 -2,115 7,831 1,787

Ohio ............................................................ Oklahoma ................................................... Oregon........................................................ Pennsylvania............................................... Rhode Island ..............................................

68,976 22,287 16,575 96,885 9,432

70,236 20,265 16,225 84,159 6,229

58,900 18,037 12,431 69,840 4,011

0.85 0.81 0.75 0.72 0.43

0.84 0.89 0.77 0.83 0.64

11,336 2,228 3,794 14,319 2,218

10,076 4,250 4,144 27,045 5,421

-1,260 2,022 350 12,726 3,203

South Carolina............................................ South Dakota .............................................. Tennessee .................................................. Texas .......................................................... Utah ............................................................

27,581 6,670 25,751 126,009 16,131

24,049 6,541 24,498 132,198 12,083

21,517 4,722 19,221 117,899 10,953

0.78 0.71 0.75 0.94 0.68

0.89 0.72 0.78 0.89 0.91

2,532 1,819 5,277 14,299 1,130

6,064 1,948 6,530 8,110 5,178

3,532 129 1,253 -6,189 4,048

Vermont ...................................................... Virginia........................................................ Washington................................................. West Virginia............................................... Wisconsin ................................................... Wyoming.....................................................

5,417 48,458 26,861 12,382 39,465 4,562

3,679 44,937 28,237 9,681 39,168 3,461

1,592 36,272 22,368 8,472 31,821 2,395

0.29 0.75 0.83 0.68 0.81 0.52

0.43 0.81 0.79 0.88 0.81 0.69

2,087 8,665 5,869 1,209 7,347 1,066

3,825 12,186 4,493 3,910 7,644 2,167

1,738 3,521 -1,376 2,701 297 1,101

U.S. Service Schools .................................. State unknown5 ..........................................

2,167 †

† 16,886

128 †

† †

† †

-128 16,886

2,039 †

2,167 -16,886

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 339 Enrollment

Table 203. Residence and migration of all freshmen students in degree-granting institutions who graduated from high school in the previous 12 months, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 2004—Continued

State or jurisdiction 1

Students enrolled in institutions located in the jurisdiction1

Student residents of state Attending college in any jurisdiction2

Ratio of students remaining to—

Attending college in home jurisdiction3

Students enrolled (col. 4/col. 2)

Migration of students

Student residents (col. 4/col. 3)

Out of state (col. 3 - col. 4)

Into state4 (col. 2 - col. 4)

Net (col. 8 - col. 7)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Other jurisdictions ............................

26,282

27,338

25,815

0.98

0.94

1,523

467

-1,056

American Samoa ........................................ Federated States of Micronesia.................. Guam.......................................................... Marshall Islands.......................................... Northern Marianas ..................................... Palau........................................................... Puerto Rico................................................. Virgin Islands ..............................................

446 1,362 26 † 129 † 24,106 213

526 1,388 115 34 124 377 24,209 565

446 1,360 5 † 108 † 23,692 204

1.00 1.00 0.19 † 0.84 † 0.98 0.96

0.85 0.98 0.04 † 0.87 † 0.98 0.36

80 28 110 34 16 377 517 361

0 2 21 0 21 0 414 9

-80 -26 -89 -34 5 -377 -103 -352

Foreign countries........................................

†

20,549

†

†

†

20,549

†

-20,549

†Not applicable. 1All of the new students reported by the institutions in that state, i.e., all in-migrants and “remaining” students. 2 All students living in a particular state when admitted to an institution in any state. Students may be enrolled in any state. 3 Students who attend institutions in their home state. 4 Includes students coming to U.S. colleges from foreign countries and other jurisdictions.

5Students

are reported in “state unknown” when an institution is unable to determine the student’s home state. NOTE: Includes all students who are enrolled at the reporting institution for the first time. Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

340 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 204. Residence and migration of all freshmen students in 4-year degree-granting institutions who graduated from high school in the previous 12 months, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 2004

State or jurisdiction 1

Students enrolled in institutions located in the jurisdiction1

Student residents of state

Ratio of students remaining to—

Migration of students

Attending college in any jurisdiction2

Attending college in home jurisdiction3

Students enrolled (col. 4/col. 2)

Student residents (col. 4/col. 3)

Out of state (col. 3 - col. 4)

Into state4 (col. 2 - col. 4)

Net (col. 8 - col. 7)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

United States .....................................

1,194,609

1,170,859

882,801

0.74

0.75

288,058

311,808

23,750

Alabama ..................................................... Alaska......................................................... Arizona ....................................................... Arkansas..................................................... California ....................................................

18,445 2,258 16,651 13,092 90,284

15,169 3,252 13,649 11,252 97,287

12,989 1,999 11,137 10,004 80,880

0.70 0.89 0.67 0.76 0.90

0.86 0.61 0.82 0.89 0.83

2,180 1,253 2,512 1,248 16,407

5,456 259 5,514 3,088 9,404

3,276 -994 3,002 1,840 -7,003

Colorado ..................................................... Connecticut................................................. Delaware..................................................... District of Columbia .................................... Florida.........................................................

21,091 17,223 4,689 8,788 58,981

20,912 19,554 3,261 2,221 54,413

15,728 9,105 1,791 611 46,498

0.75 0.53 0.38 0.07 0.79

0.75 0.47 0.55 0.28 0.85

5,184 10,449 1,470 1,610 7,915

5,363 8,118 2,898 8,177 12,483

179 -2,331 1,428 6,567 4,568

Georgia....................................................... Hawaii ......................................................... Idaho........................................................... Illinois.......................................................... Indiana........................................................

33,607 3,144 6,616 43,452 36,068

33,301 4,007 5,889 53,659 30,369

25,616 1,858 4,214 35,407 26,126

0.76 0.59 0.64 0.81 0.72

0.77 0.46 0.72 0.66 0.86

7,685 2,149 1,675 18,252 4,243

7,991 1,286 2,402 8,045 9,942

306 -863 727 -10,207 5,699

Iowa ............................................................ Kansas........................................................ Kentucky ..................................................... Louisiana .................................................... Maine..........................................................

16,559 13,715 18,233 25,556 5,191

13,537 12,947 15,775 21,905 6,228

10,651 10,453 13,645 19,933 3,336

0.64 0.76 0.75 0.78 0.64

0.79 0.81 0.86 0.91 0.54

2,886 2,494 2,130 1,972 2,892

5,908 3,262 4,588 5,623 1,855

3,022 768 2,458 3,651 -1,037

Maryland..................................................... Massachusetts............................................ Michigan ..................................................... Minnesota ................................................... Mississippi ..................................................

14,360 37,678 45,236 24,305 6,428

22,416 32,998 44,931 27,578 5,300

9,608 19,466 38,990 17,492 4,210

0.67 0.52 0.86 0.72 0.65

0.43 0.59 0.87 0.63 0.79

12,808 13,532 5,941 10,086 1,090

4,752 18,212 6,246 6,813 2,218

-8,056 4,680 305 -3,273 1,128

Missouri ...................................................... Montana...................................................... Nebraska .................................................... Nevada ....................................................... New Hampshire ..........................................

25,047 5,359 10,072 6,925 6,961

23,189 5,019 9,905 7,199 6,702

17,960 3,688 7,668 5,697 3,023

0.72 0.69 0.76 0.82 0.43

0.77 0.73 0.77 0.79 0.45

5,229 1,331 2,237 1,502 3,679

7,087 1,671 2,404 1,228 3,938

1,858 340 167 -274 259

New Jersey ................................................. New Mexico ................................................ New York..................................................... North Carolina ............................................ North Dakota ..............................................

21,383 6,706 84,111 40,159 5,764

43,570 7,206 86,688 32,634 3,906

18,311 5,605 63,704 28,474 2,830

0.86 0.84 0.76 0.71 0.49

0.42 0.78 0.73 0.87 0.72

25,259 1,601 22,984 4,160 1,076

3,072 1,101 20,407 11,685 2,934

-22,187 -500 -2,577 7,525 1,858

Ohio ............................................................ Oklahoma ................................................... Oregon........................................................ Pennsylvania............................................... Rhode Island ..............................................

54,572 15,907 11,479 78,048 7,539

55,622 13,849 11,381 65,883 4,365

45,030 11,976 7,867 52,341 2,270

0.83 0.75 0.69 0.67 0.30

0.81 0.86 0.69 0.79 0.52

10,592 1,873 3,514 13,542 2,095

9,542 3,931 3,612 25,707 5,269

-1,050 2,058 98 12,165 3,174

South Carolina............................................ South Dakota .............................................. Tennessee .................................................. Texas .......................................................... Utah ............................................................

19,211 5,435 18,702 70,071 14,186

15,680 5,169 17,376 77,747 10,187

13,378 3,675 12,408 64,119 9,256

0.70 0.68 0.66 0.92 0.65

0.85 0.71 0.71 0.82 0.91

2,302 1,494 4,968 13,628 931

5,833 1,760 6,294 5,952 4,930

3,531 266 1,326 -7,676 3,999

Vermont ...................................................... Virginia........................................................ Washington................................................. West Virginia............................................... Wisconsin ................................................... Wyoming.....................................................

5,350 36,891 18,706 10,480 30,307 1,421

3,536 33,203 19,756 7,906 29,533 1,838

1,585 25,005 14,411 6,908 22,879 858

0.30 0.68 0.77 0.66 0.75 0.60

0.45 0.75 0.73 0.87 0.77 0.47

1,951 8,198 5,345 998 6,654 980

3,765 11,886 4,295 3,572 7,428 563

1,814 3,688 -1,050 2,574 774 -417

U.S. Service Schools .................................. State unknown5 ..........................................

2,167 †

† 0

128 †

† †

† †

-128 0

2,039 †

2,167 0

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 341 Enrollment

Table 204. Residence and migration of all freshmen students in 4-year degree-granting institutions who graduated from high school in the previous 12 months, by state or jurisdiction: Fall 2004—Continued

State or jurisdiction 1

Students enrolled in institutions located in the jurisdiction1

Student residents of state Attending college in any jurisdiction2

Ratio of students remaining to—

Attending college in home jurisdiction3

Students enrolled (col. 4/col. 2)

Migration of students

Student residents (col. 4/col. 3)

Out of state (col. 3 - col. 4)

Into state4 (col. 2 - col. 4)

Net (col. 8 - col. 7)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Other jurisdictions ............................

21,783

22,722

21,684

1.00

0.95

1,038

99

-939

American Samoa ........................................ Federated States of Micronesia.................. Guam.......................................................... Marshall Islands.......................................... Northern Marianas ..................................... Palau........................................................... Puerto Rico................................................. Virgin Islands ..............................................

† † 21 † 129 † 21,420 213

57 27 109 3 123 12 21,836 555

† † 1 † 108 † 21,371 204

† † 0.05 † 0.84 † 1.00 0.96

† † 0.01 † 0.88 † 0.98 0.37

57 27 108 3 15 12 465 351

0 0 20 0 21 0 49 9

-57 -27 -88 -3 6 -12 -416 -342

Foreign countries........................................

†

18,144

†

†

†

18,144

†

-18,144

†Not applicable. 1All of the new students reported by the institutions in that state; i.e., all in-migrants and “remaining” students. 2 All students living in a particular state when admitted to an institution in any state. Students may be enrolled in any state. 3 Students who attend institutions in their home state. 4 Includes students coming to U.S. colleges from foreign countries and other jurisdictions.

5Students

are reported in “state unknown” when an institution is unable to determine the student’s home state. NOTE: Includes all students who are enrolled at the reporting institution for the first time. Data are for 4-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Race/ethnicity, sex, attendance status, and level of student

Fall enrollment, in thousands

Percentage distribution of students

1976

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

1976

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

All students Total..................................................

10,985.6

12,086.8

13,818.6

15,312.3

15,928.0

16,611.7

16,900.5

17,272.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

White, non-Hispanic ................................. Total minority ............................................ Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............................ American Indian/Alaska Native............. Nonresident alien......................................

9,076.1 1,690.8 1,033.0 383.8 197.8 76.1 218.7

9,833.0 1,948.8 1,106.8 471.7 286.4 83.9 305.0

10,722.5 2,704.7 1,247.0 782.4 572.4 102.8 391.5

10,462.1 4,321.5 1,730.3 1,461.8 978.2 151.2 528.7

10,774.5 4,588.2 1,850.4 1,560.6 1,019.0 158.2 565.3

11,140.2 4,880.5 1,978.7 1,661.7 1,074.2 165.9 590.9

11,275.4 5,033.2 2,068.9 1,716.0 1,075.7 172.7 591.8

11,422.8 5,259.1 2,164.7 1,809.6 1,108.7 176.1 590.2

82.6 15.4 9.4 3.5 1.8 0.7 2.0

81.4 16.1 9.2 3.9 2.4 0.7 2.5

77.6 19.6 9.0 5.7 4.1 0.7 2.8

68.3 28.2 11.3 9.5 6.4 1.0 3.5

67.6 28.8 11.6 9.8 6.4 1.0 3.5

67.1 29.4 11.9 10.0 6.5 1.0 3.6

66.7 29.8 12.2 10.2 6.4 1.0 3.5

66.1 30.4 12.5 10.5 6.4 1.0 3.4

Male.......................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

5,794.4 4,813.7 826.5 469.9 209.7 108.4 38.5 154.1

5,868.1 4,772.9 884.4 463.7 231.6 151.3 37.8 210.8

6,283.9 4,861.0 1,176.6 484.7 353.9 294.9 43.1 246.3

6,721.8 4,634.6 1,789.8 635.3 627.1 465.9 61.4 297.3

6,960.8 4,762.3 1,881.1 672.4 664.2 480.8 63.6 317.4

7,202.1 4,897.9 1,977.2 708.6 699.0 503.9 65.7 327.0

7,255.6 4,927.9 2,005.0 730.6 709.1 498.1 67.1 322.7

7,387.3 4,988.0 2,083.7 758.4 745.1 511.6 68.6 315.6

100.0 83.1 14.3 8.1 3.6 1.9 0.7 2.7

100.0 81.3 15.1 7.9 3.9 2.6 0.6 3.6

100.0 77.4 18.7 7.7 5.6 4.7 0.7 3.9

100.0 68.9 26.6 9.5 9.3 6.9 0.9 4.4

100.0 68.4 27.0 9.7 9.5 6.9 0.9 4.6

100.0 68.0 27.5 9.8 9.7 7.0 0.9 4.5

100.0 67.9 27.6 10.1 9.8 6.9 0.9 4.4

100.0 67.5 28.2 10.3 10.1 6.9 0.9 4.3

Female...................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

5,191.2 4,262.4 864.2 563.1 174.1 89.4 37.6 64.6

6,218.7 5,060.1 1,064.4 643.0 240.1 135.2 46.1 94.2

7,534.7 5,861.5 1,528.1 762.3 428.5 277.5 59.7 145.2

8,590.5 5,827.5 2,531.7 1,095.0 834.7 512.3 89.7 231.4

8,967.2 6,012.2 2,707.1 1,178.0 896.4 538.3 94.5 247.8

9,409.6 6,242.3 2,903.3 1,270.2 962.7 570.2 100.2 263.9

9,644.9 6,347.5 3,028.2 1,338.2 1,006.9 577.6 105.6 269.2

9,884.8 6,434.8 3,175.4 1,406.3 1,064.5 597.1 107.5 274.6

100.0 82.1 16.6 10.8 3.4 1.7 0.7 1.2

100.0 81.4 17.1 10.3 3.9 2.2 0.7 1.5

100.0 77.8 20.3 10.1 5.7 3.7 0.8 1.9

100.0 67.8 29.5 12.7 9.7 6.0 1.0 2.7

100.0 67.0 30.2 13.1 10.0 6.0 1.1 2.8

100.0 66.3 30.9 13.5 10.2 6.1 1.1 2.8

100.0 65.8 31.4 13.9 10.4 6.0 1.1 2.8

100.0 65.1 32.1 14.2 10.8 6.0 1.1 2.8

Full-time.................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

6,703.6 5,512.6 1,030.9 659.2 211.1 117.7 43.0 160.0

7,088.9 5,717.0 1,137.5 685.6 247.0 162.0 43.0 234.4

7,821.0 6,016.5 1,514.9 718.3 394.7 347.4 54.4 289.6

9,009.6 6,231.1 2,368.5 982.6 710.3 591.2 84.4 410.0

9,447.5 6,478.1 2,530.7 1,059.4 761.9 619.9 89.5 438.7

9,946.4 6,764.2 2,721.8 1,144.2 825.1 657.4 95.1 460.4

10,311.8 6,976.0 2,870.1 1,216.9 881.5 670.4 101.3 465.8

10,610.2 7,129.1 3,015.4 1,282.8 936.6 691.4 104.6 465.6

100.0 82.2 15.4 9.8 3.1 1.8 0.6 2.4

100.0 80.6 16.0 9.7 3.5 2.3 0.6 3.3

100.0 76.9 19.4 9.2 5.0 4.4 0.7 3.7

100.0 69.2 26.3 10.9 7.9 6.6 0.9 4.6

100.0 68.6 26.8 11.2 8.1 6.6 0.9 4.6

100.0 68.0 27.4 11.5 8.3 6.6 1.0 4.6

100.0 67.7 27.8 11.8 8.5 6.5 1.0 4.5

100.0 67.2 28.4 12.1 8.8 6.5 1.0 4.4

Part-time ................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

4,282.1 3,563.5 659.9 373.8 172.7 80.2 33.1 58.7

4,997.9 4,116.0 811.3 421.2 224.8 124.4 40.9 70.6

5,997.7 4,706.0 1,189.8 528.7 387.7 225.1 48.4 101.8

6,302.7 4,231.0 1,953.0 747.7 751.5 387.1 66.8 118.7

6,480.5 4,296.4 2,057.5 791.1 798.7 399.2 68.6 126.5

6,665.4 4,376.0 2,158.7 834.6 836.6 416.8 70.8 130.6

6,588.7 4,299.5 2,163.1 852.0 834.5 405.3 71.3 126.1

6,661.9 4,293.6 2,243.7 881.8 873.0 417.3 71.6 124.6

100.0 83.2 15.4 8.7 4.0 1.9 0.8 1.4

100.0 82.4 16.2 8.4 4.5 2.5 0.8 1.4

100.0 78.5 19.8 8.8 6.5 3.8 0.8 1.7

100.0 67.1 31.0 11.9 11.9 6.1 1.1 1.9

100.0 66.3 31.7 12.2 12.3 6.2 1.1 2.0

100.0 65.7 32.4 12.5 12.6 6.3 1.1 2.0

100.0 65.3 32.8 12.9 12.7 6.2 1.1 1.9

100.0 64.5 33.7 13.2 13.1 6.3 1.1 1.9

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

342 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 205. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, attendance status, and level of student: Selected years, 1976 through 2004

Table 205. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, attendance status, and level of student: Selected years, 1976 through 2004—Continued Race/ethnicity, sex, attendance status, and level of student

Fall enrollment, in thousands

Percentage distribution of students

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

1976

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Undergraduate Total..................................................

9,419.0

10,469.1

11,959.1

13,155.4

13,715.6

14,257.1

14,473.9

14,780.6

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

White, non-Hispanic ................................. Total minority ............................................ Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............................ American Indian/Alaska Native............. Nonresident alien......................................

7,740.5 1,535.3 943.4 352.9 169.3 69.7 143.2

8,480.7 1,778.5 1,018.8 433.1 248.7 77.9 209.9

9,272.6 2,467.7 1,147.2 724.6 500.5 95.5 218.7

8,983.5 3,884.0 1,548.9 1,351.0 845.5 138.5 288.0

9,278.7 4,130.2 1,657.1 1,444.4 883.9 144.8 306.7

9,564.9 4,376.2 1,763.8 1,533.3 927.4 151.7 316.0

9,662.5 4,498.3 1,838.2 1,579.6 922.7 157.8 313.0

9,771.3 4,695.5 1,918.5 1,666.9 949.9 160.3 313.8

82.2 16.3 10.0 3.7 1.8 0.7 1.5

81.0 17.0 9.7 4.1 2.4 0.7 2.0

77.5 20.6 9.6 6.1 4.2 0.8 1.8

68.3 29.5 11.8 10.3 6.4 1.1 2.2

67.7 30.1 12.1 10.5 6.4 1.1 2.2

67.1 30.7 12.4 10.8 6.5 1.1 2.2

66.8 31.1 12.7 10.9 6.4 1.1 2.2

66.1 31.8 13.0 11.3 6.4 1.1 2.1

Male.......................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

4,896.8 4,052.2 748.2 430.7 191.7 91.1 34.8 96.4

4,997.4 4,054.9 802.7 428.2 211.2 128.5 34.8 139.8

5,379.8 4,184.4 1,069.3 448.0 326.9 254.5 39.9 126.1

5,778.3 4,010.1 1,618.0 577.0 582.6 401.9 56.4 150.2

6,004.4 4,139.6 1,705.9 611.7 618.5 417.2 58.5 158.9

6,192.4 4,245.6 1,787.1 642.2 649.2 435.4 60.3 159.7

6,224.4 4,262.0 1,806.5 660.4 656.6 427.9 61.5 155.9

6,340.0 4,309.9 1,877.0 684.7 690.5 439.1 62.7 153.1

100.0 82.8 15.3 8.8 3.9 1.9 0.7 2.0

100.0 81.1 16.1 8.6 4.2 2.6 0.7 2.8

100.0 77.8 19.9 8.3 6.1 4.7 0.7 2.3

100.0 69.4 28.0 10.0 10.1 7.0 1.0 2.6

100.0 68.9 28.4 10.2 10.3 6.9 1.0 2.6

100.0 68.6 28.9 10.4 10.5 7.0 1.0 2.6

100.0 68.5 29.0 10.6 10.5 6.9 1.0 2.5

100.0 68.0 29.6 10.8 10.9 6.9 1.0 2.4

Female...................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

4,522.1 3,688.3 787.0 512.7 161.2 78.2 34.9 46.8

5,471.7 4,425.8 975.8 590.6 221.8 120.2 43.1 70.1

6,579.3 5,088.2 1,398.5 699.2 397.6 246.0 55.5 92.6

7,377.1 4,973.3 2,266.0 971.9 768.4 443.6 82.1 137.8

7,711.2 5,139.0 2,424.4 1,045.4 825.9 466.7 86.3 147.8

8,064.7 5,319.3 2,589.1 1,121.6 884.1 492.0 91.4 156.3

8,249.5 5,400.5 2,691.9 1,177.8 922.9 494.8 96.3 157.1

8,440.6 5,461.4 2,818.5 1,233.8 976.3 510.8 97.6 160.7

100.0 81.6 17.4 11.3 3.6 1.7 0.8 1.0

100.0 80.9 17.8 10.8 4.1 2.2 0.8 1.3

100.0 77.3 21.3 10.6 6.0 3.7 0.8 1.4

100.0 67.4 30.7 13.2 10.4 6.0 1.1 1.9

100.0 66.6 31.4 13.6 10.7 6.1 1.1 1.9

100.0 66.0 32.1 13.9 11.0 6.1 1.1 1.9

100.0 65.5 32.6 14.3 11.2 6.0 1.2 1.9

100.0 64.7 33.4 14.6 11.6 6.1 1.2 1.9

Graduate Total..................................................

1,322.5

1,340.9

1,586.2

1,850.3

1,903.7

2,035.7

2,097.5

2,156.9

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

White, non-Hispanic ................................. Total minority ............................................ Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............................ American Indian/Alaska Native............. Nonresident alien......................................

1,115.6 134.5 78.5 26.4 24.5 5.1 72.4

1,104.7 144.0 75.1 32.1 31.6 5.2 92.2

1,228.4 190.5 83.9 47.2 53.2 6.2 167.3

1,258.5 359.4 157.9 95.4 95.8 10.3 232.3

1,275.1 378.5 169.4 100.5 97.4 11.2 250.1

1,348.0 421.0 189.6 112.3 107.1 11.9 266.6

1,378.6 448.5 204.9 119.5 111.7 12.5 270.4

1,413.3 475.4 220.4 125.8 115.9 13.4 268.1

84.4 10.2 5.9 2.0 1.9 0.4 5.5

82.4 10.7 5.6 2.4 2.4 0.4 6.9

77.4 12.0 5.3 3.0 3.4 0.4 10.5

68.0 19.4 8.5 5.2 5.2 0.6 12.6

67.0 19.9 8.9 5.3 5.1 0.6 13.1

66.2 20.7 9.3 5.5 5.3 0.6 13.1

65.7 21.4 9.8 5.7 5.3 0.6 12.9

65.5 22.0 10.2 5.8 5.4 0.6 12.4

Male.......................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

707.9 589.1 63.7 32.0 14.6 14.4 2.7 55.1

672.2 538.5 65.0 28.2 15.7 18.6 2.5 68.7

737.4 538.8 82.1 29.3 20.6 29.7 2.6 116.4

779.6 502.6 135.1 48.9 36.5 45.8 3.8 142.0

795.7 503.4 138.9 51.5 37.8 45.6 4.1 153.4

846.8 531.6 152.7 56.7 41.7 50.0 4.3 162.5

864.9 542.4 160.5 60.4 44.2 51.4 4.5 162.1

878.8 552.9 168.0 63.9 46.2 53.1 4.7 157.9

100.0 83.2 9.0 4.5 2.1 2.0 0.4 7.8

100.0 80.1 9.7 4.2 2.3 2.8 0.4 10.2

100.0 73.1 11.1 4.0 2.8 4.0 0.3 15.8

100.0 64.5 17.3 6.3 4.7 5.9 0.5 18.2

100.0 63.3 17.5 6.5 4.7 5.7 0.5 19.3

100.0 62.8 18.0 6.7 4.9 5.9 0.5 19.2

100.0 62.7 18.6 7.0 5.1 5.9 0.5 18.7

100.0 62.9 19.1 7.3 5.3 6.0 0.5 18.0

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 343 Enrollment

1976

Race/ethnicity, sex, attendance status, and level of student

Fall enrollment, in thousands

Percentage distribution of students

1976

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

1976

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Female...................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

614.6 526.5 70.8 46.5 11.8 10.1 2.4 17.3

668.7 566.2 79.0 46.9 16.4 13.0 2.7 23.5

848.8 689.5 108.3 54.6 26.6 23.6 3.6 50.9

1,070.7 756.0 224.4 109.0 58.8 50.0 6.5 90.3

1,108.0 771.7 239.6 117.9 62.8 51.8 7.1 96.7

1,188.8 816.4 268.3 132.9 70.6 57.1 7.7 104.1

1,232.6 836.2 288.0 144.4 75.2 60.3 8.1 108.4

1,278.1 860.4 307.5 156.4 79.5 62.8 8.7 110.2

100.0 85.7 11.5 7.6 1.9 1.6 0.4 2.8

100.0 84.7 11.8 7.0 2.4 1.9 0.4 3.5

100.0 81.2 12.8 6.4 3.1 2.8 0.4 6.0

100.0 70.6 21.0 10.2 5.5 4.7 0.6 8.4

100.0 69.6 21.6 10.6 5.7 4.7 0.6 8.7

100.0 68.7 22.6 11.2 5.9 4.8 0.6 8.8

100.0 67.8 23.4 11.7 6.1 4.9 0.7 8.8

100.0 67.3 24.1 12.2 6.2 4.9 0.7 8.6

First-professional Total..................................................

244.1

276.8

273.4

306.6

308.6

319.0

329.1

334.5

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

White, non-Hispanic ................................. Total minority ............................................ Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............................ American Indian/Alaska Native............. Nonresident alien......................................

220.0 21.1 11.2 4.5 4.1 1.3 3.1

247.7 26.3 12.8 6.5 6.1 0.8 2.9

221.5 46.5 15.9 10.7 18.7 1.1 5.4

220.1 78.1 23.5 15.4 36.8 2.3 8.4

220.8 79.5 23.9 15.6 37.7 2.1 8.4

227.4 83.3 25.3 16.1 39.6 2.2 8.3

234.3 86.3 25.8 16.9 41.3 2.3 8.4

238.2 88.1 25.9 17.0 42.9 2.4 8.2

90.1 8.6 4.6 1.9 1.7 0.5 1.3

89.5 9.5 4.6 2.4 2.2 0.3 1.0

81.0 17.0 5.8 3.9 6.8 0.4 2.0

71.8 25.5 7.7 5.0 12.0 0.8 2.7

71.5 25.7 7.8 5.1 12.2 0.7 2.7

71.3 26.1 7.9 5.1 12.4 0.7 2.6

71.2 26.2 7.8 5.1 12.6 0.7 2.5

71.2 26.3 7.7 5.1 12.8 0.7 2.5

Male.......................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

189.6 172.4 14.7 7.2 3.5 2.9 1.0 2.5

198.5 179.5 16.7 7.4 4.6 4.1 0.5 2.3

166.8 137.8 25.3 7.4 6.4 10.8 0.6 3.8

163.9 122.0 36.8 9.5 8.0 18.1 1.2 5.1

160.7 119.3 36.3 9.3 7.9 18.1 1.1 5.1

162.9 120.7 37.4 9.7 8.1 18.5 1.1 4.8

166.2 123.5 38.0 9.8 8.2 18.8 1.1 4.7

168.4 125.2 38.7 9.8 8.3 19.4 1.2 4.5

100.0 90.9 7.7 3.8 1.8 1.5 0.5 1.3

100.0 90.5 8.4 3.7 2.3 2.1 0.3 1.1

100.0 82.6 15.1 4.4 3.8 6.5 0.4 2.3

100.0 74.4 22.4 5.8 4.9 11.1 0.7 3.1

100.0 74.2 22.6 5.8 4.9 11.2 0.7 3.2

100.0 74.1 22.9 6.0 5.0 11.3 0.7 2.9

100.0 74.3 22.8 5.9 5.0 11.3 0.7 2.8

100.0 74.3 23.0 5.8 4.9 11.5 0.7 2.7

Female...................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

54.5 47.6 6.4 3.9 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.5

78.4 68.1 9.6 5.5 1.9 2.0 0.3 0.6

106.6 83.7 21.3 8.5 4.3 7.9 0.5 1.6

142.7 98.1 41.3 14.0 7.4 18.7 1.1 3.3

148.0 101.5 43.1 14.6 7.7 19.7 1.1 3.4

156.1 106.6 46.0 15.6 8.0 21.2 1.2 3.5

162.8 110.8 48.4 16.0 8.7 22.5 1.2 3.7

166.1 113.0 49.4 16.1 8.6 23.5 1.2 3.7

100.0 87.3 11.7 7.2 1.9 2.1 0.4 1.0

100.0 86.9 12.3 7.0 2.4 2.6 0.3 0.8

100.0 78.5 20.0 8.0 4.0 7.4 0.5 1.5

100.0 68.7 28.9 9.8 5.2 13.1 0.8 2.3

100.0 68.6 29.1 9.9 5.2 13.3 0.7 2.3

100.0 68.3 29.4 10.0 5.2 13.5 0.7 2.3

100.0 68.1 29.7 9.8 5.3 13.8 0.7 2.2

100.0 68.0 29.8 9.7 5.2 14.1 0.7 2.2

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

NOTE: Because of underreporting and nonreporting of racial/ethnic data, some figures are slightly lower than corresponding data in other tables. Data for 1976 through 1990 are for institutions of higher education. Data for years after 1990 are for degree-granting institutions. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily

2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1976 and 1980; and 1990 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

344 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 205. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, attendance status, and level of student: Selected years, 1976 through 2004—Continued

Table 206. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity of student and type and control of institution: Selected years, 1976 through 2004 Race/ethnicity of student and type and control of institution

Fall enrollment, in thousands

Percentage distribution of students

1976

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

1976

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

All students Total..................................................

10,985.6

12,086.8

13,818.6

15,312.3

15,928.0

16,611.7

16,900.5

17,272.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

White, non-Hispanic ................................. Total minority ............................................ Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............................ American Indian/Alaska Native............. Nonresident alien......................................

9,076.1 1,690.8 1,033.0 383.8 197.9 76.1 218.7

9,833.0 1,948.8 1,106.8 471.7 286.4 83.9 305.0

10,722.5 2,704.7 1,247.0 782.4 572.4 102.8 391.5

10,462.1 4,321.5 1,730.3 1,461.8 978.2 151.2 528.7

10,774.5 4,588.2 1,850.4 1,560.6 1,019.0 158.2 565.3

11,140.2 4,880.5 1,978.7 1,661.7 1,074.2 165.9 590.9

11,275.4 5,033.2 2,068.9 1,716.0 1,075.7 172.7 591.8

11,422.8 5,259.1 2,164.7 1,809.6 1,108.7 176.1 590.2

82.6 15.4 9.4 3.5 1.8 0.7 2.0

81.4 16.1 9.2 3.9 2.4 0.7 2.5

77.6 19.6 9.0 5.7 4.1 0.7 2.8

68.3 28.2 11.3 9.5 6.4 1.0 3.5

67.6 28.8 11.6 9.8 6.4 1.0 3.5

67.1 29.4 11.9 10.0 6.5 1.0 3.6

66.7 29.8 12.2 10.2 6.4 1.0 3.5

66.1 30.4 12.5 10.5 6.4 1.0 3.4

Public........................................................ White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

8,641.0 7,094.5 1,401.2 831.2 336.8 165.7 67.5 145.3

9,456.4 7,656.1 1,596.2 876.1 406.2 239.7 74.2 204.2

10,844.7 8,385.4 2,199.2 976.4 671.4 461.0 90.4 260.0

11,752.8 7,963.4 3,446.3 1,319.2 1,229.3 770.5 127.3 343.1

12,233.2 8,214.0 3,645.5 1,397.1 1,308.8 806.1 133.6 373.6

12,752.0 8,490.5 3,867.4 1,487.2 1,388.7 851.6 140.0 394.1

12,857.1 8,531.4 3,937.7 1,533.5 1,414.6 845.2 144.3 388.0

12,980.1 8,546.3 4,062.4 1,574.6 1,477.4 866.1 144.4 371.4

100.0 82.1 16.2 9.6 3.9 1.9 0.8 1.7

100.0 81.0 16.9 9.3 4.3 2.5 0.8 2.2

100.0 77.3 20.3 9.0 6.2 4.3 0.8 2.4

100.0 67.8 29.3 11.2 10.5 6.6 1.1 2.9

100.0 67.1 29.8 11.4 10.7 6.6 1.1 3.1

100.0 66.6 30.3 11.7 10.9 6.7 1.1 3.1

100.0 66.4 30.6 11.9 11.0 6.6 1.1 3.0

100.0 65.8 31.3 12.1 11.4 6.7 1.1 2.9

Private ...................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

2,344.6 1,981.6 289.6 201.8 47.0 32.2 8.6 73.4

2,630.4 2,176.9 352.7 230.7 65.6 46.7 9.7 100.8

2,973.9 2,337.0 505.5 270.6 111.0 111.5 12.4 131.4

3,559.5 2,498.7 875.2 411.1 232.5 207.7 23.9 185.6

3,694.8 2,560.5 942.7 453.3 251.8 213.0 24.6 191.6

3,859.7 2,649.8 1,013.2 491.6 273.1 222.6 25.9 196.8

4,043.4 2,744.1 1,095.5 535.3 301.4 230.5 28.3 203.9

4,291.9 2,876.5 1,196.7 590.1 332.2 242.6 31.8 218.8

100.0 84.5 12.4 8.6 2.0 1.4 0.4 3.1

100.0 82.8 13.4 8.8 2.5 1.8 0.4 3.8

100.0 78.6 17.0 9.1 3.7 3.7 0.4 4.4

100.0 70.2 24.6 11.5 6.5 5.8 0.7 5.2

100.0 69.3 25.5 12.3 6.8 5.8 0.7 5.2

100.0 68.7 26.3 12.7 7.1 5.8 0.7 5.1

100.0 67.9 27.1 13.2 7.5 5.7 0.7 5.0

100.0 67.0 27.9 13.7 7.7 5.7 0.7 5.1

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

7,106.5

7,565.4

8,578.6

9,363.9

9,677.4

10,082.3

10,407.6

10,726.2

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

White, non-Hispanic ................................. Total minority ............................................ Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............................ American Indian/Alaska Native............. Nonresident alien......................................

5,999.0 931.0 603.7 173.6 118.7 35.0 176.5

6,274.5 1,049.9 634.3 216.6 162.1 36.9 240.9

6,768.1 1,486.1 722.8 358.2 357.2 47.9 324.3

6,658.0 2,266.1 995.4 617.9 576.3 76.5 439.7

6,818.8 2,392.5 1,054.7 656.3 601.6 80.0 466.1

7,053.8 2,540.3 1,119.7 702.9 633.1 84.6 488.3

7,198.7 2,713.2 1,189.0 783.4 650.4 90.4 495.6

7,359.0 2,868.0 1,258.9 837.2 678.0 93.9 499.2

84.4 13.1 8.5 2.4 1.7 0.5 2.5

82.9 13.9 8.4 2.9 2.1 0.5 3.2

78.9 17.3 8.4 4.2 4.2 0.6 3.8

71.1 24.2 10.6 6.6 6.2 0.8 4.7

70.5 24.7 10.9 6.8 6.2 0.8 4.8

70.0 25.2 11.1 7.0 6.3 0.8 4.8

69.2 26.1 11.4 7.5 6.2 0.9 4.8

68.6 26.7 11.7 7.8 6.3 0.9 4.7

Public........................................................ White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

4,892.9 4,120.2 666.7 421.8 129.3 87.5 28.2 106.0

5,127.6 4,243.0 740.8 438.2 156.4 117.2 29.0 143.8

5,848.2 4,605.6 1,046.2 495.1 262.5 250.6 38.0 196.4

6,055.4 4,311.2 1,486.4 627.8 420.0 381.3 57.2 257.8

6,236.5 4,409.0 1,550.0 650.4 439.8 400.3 59.4 277.4

6,481.6 4,551.7 1,636.2 682.5 468.1 422.8 62.7 293.7

6,649.4 4,609.9 1,745.8 718.7 528.3 432.2 66.5 293.8

6,736.5 4,642.9 1,811.5 741.2 555.8 447.4 67.0 282.2

100.0 84.2 13.6 8.6 2.6 1.8 0.6 2.2

100.0 82.7 14.4 8.5 3.1 2.3 0.6 2.8

100.0 78.8 17.9 8.5 4.5 4.3 0.7 3.4

100.0 71.2 24.5 10.4 6.9 6.3 0.9 4.3

100.0 70.7 24.9 10.4 7.1 6.4 1.0 4.4

100.0 70.2 25.2 10.5 7.2 6.5 1.0 4.5

100.0 69.3 26.3 10.8 7.9 6.5 1.0 4.4

100.0 68.9 26.9 11.0 8.3 6.6 1.0 4.2

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 345 Enrollment

4-year Total..................................................

Race/ethnicity of student and type and control of institution

Fall enrollment, in thousands

Percentage distribution of students

1976

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

1976

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Private ...................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

2,213.6 1,878.8 264.3 182.0 44.3 31.2 6.8 70.5

2,437.8 2,031.5 309.2 196.1 60.2 44.9 7.9 97.1

2,730.3 2,162.5 439.8 227.7 95.7 106.6 9.9 127.9

3,308.5 2,346.9 779.7 367.6 197.9 195.0 19.3 181.9

3,441.0 2,409.8 842.5 404.3 216.5 201.3 20.5 188.6

3,600.7 2,502.1 904.1 437.2 234.7 210.3 21.9 194.5

3,758.1 2,588.8 967.4 470.3 255.1 218.2 23.9 201.8

3,989.6 2,716.1 1,056.5 517.7 281.3 230.6 26.9 217.0

100.0 84.9 11.9 8.2 2.0 1.4 0.3 3.2

100.0 83.3 12.7 8.0 2.5 1.8 0.3 4.0

100.0 79.2 16.1 8.3 3.5 3.9 0.4 4.7

100.0 70.9 23.6 11.1 6.0 5.9 0.6 5.5

100.0 70.0 24.5 11.7 6.3 5.8 0.6 5.5

100.0 69.5 25.1 12.1 6.5 5.8 0.6 5.4

100.0 68.9 25.7 12.5 6.8 5.8 0.6 5.4

100.0 68.1 26.5 13.0 7.1 5.8 0.7 5.4

2-year Total..................................................

3,879.1

4,521.4

5,240.1

5,948.4

6,250.6

6,529.4

6,492.9

6,545.9

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

White, non-Hispanic ................................. Total minority ............................................ Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............................ American Indian/Alaska Native............. Nonresident alien......................................

3,077.1 759.8 429.3 210.2 79.2 41.2 42.2

3,558.5 898.9 472.5 255.1 124.3 47.0 64.1

3,954.3 1,218.6 524.3 424.2 215.2 54.9 67.1

3,804.1 2,055.4 734.9 843.9 401.9 74.7 89.0

3,955.7 2,195.7 795.7 904.3 417.5 78.2 99.2

4,086.5 2,340.3 859.1 958.9 441.0 81.3 102.6

4,076.7 2,320.0 879.9 932.6 425.3 82.2 96.2

4,063.8 2,391.2 905.8 972.4 430.7 82.2 90.9

79.3 19.6 11.1 5.4 2.0 1.1 1.1

78.7 19.9 10.4 5.6 2.8 1.0 1.4

75.5 23.3 10.0 8.1 4.1 1.0 1.3

64.0 34.6 12.4 14.2 6.8 1.3 1.5

63.3 35.1 12.7 14.5 6.7 1.3 1.6

62.6 35.8 13.2 14.7 6.8 1.2 1.6

62.8 35.7 13.6 14.4 6.6 1.3 1.5

62.1 36.5 13.8 14.9 6.6 1.3 1.4

Public........................................................ White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

3,748.1 2,974.3 734.5 409.5 207.5 78.2 39.3 39.2

4,328.8 3,413.1 855.4 437.9 249.8 122.5 45.2 60.3

4,996.5 3,779.8 1,153.0 481.4 408.9 210.3 52.4 63.6

5,697.4 3,652.2 1,959.9 691.4 809.2 389.2 70.1 85.2

5,996.7 3,805.0 2,095.5 746.7 869.0 405.8 74.1 96.2

6,270.4 3,938.8 2,231.2 804.7 920.5 428.7 77.2 100.4

6,207.6 3,921.5 2,191.9 814.8 886.3 413.0 77.8 94.2

6,243.6 3,903.4 2,251.0 833.4 921.6 418.6 77.4 89.2

100.0 79.4 19.6 10.9 5.5 2.1 1.0 1.0

100.0 78.8 19.8 10.1 5.8 2.8 1.0 1.4

100.0 75.7 23.1 9.6 8.2 4.2 1.0 1.3

100.0 64.1 34.4 12.1 14.2 6.8 1.2 1.5

100.0 63.5 34.9 12.5 14.5 6.8 1.2 1.6

100.0 62.8 35.6 12.8 14.7 6.8 1.2 1.6

100.0 63.2 35.3 13.1 14.3 6.7 1.3 1.5

100.0 62.5 36.1 13.3 14.8 6.7 1.2 1.4

Private ...................................................... White, non-Hispanic.............................. Total minority......................................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Asian/Pacific Islander........................ American Indian/Alaska Native ......... Nonresident alien..................................

131.0 102.8 25.3 19.8 2.6 0.9 1.8 3.0

192.6 145.4 43.5 34.6 5.3 1.8 1.8 3.7

243.6 174.5 65.6 42.9 15.3 4.9 2.5 3.5

251.0 151.8 95.5 43.5 34.7 12.7 4.5 3.8

253.9 150.7 100.1 49.0 35.3 11.7 4.1 3.0

259.0 147.7 109.1 54.4 38.3 12.3 4.1 2.2

285.3 155.2 128.1 65.1 46.2 12.3 4.4 2.0

302.3 160.4 140.2 72.5 50.8 12.1 4.9 1.7

100.0 78.5 19.3 15.1 2.0 0.7 1.4 2.3

100.0 75.5 22.6 17.9 2.8 0.9 0.9 1.9

100.0 71.6 26.9 17.6 6.3 2.0 1.0 1.4

100.0 60.5 38.0 17.3 13.8 5.1 1.8 1.5

100.0 59.4 39.4 19.3 13.9 4.6 1.6 1.2

100.0 57.0 42.1 21.0 14.8 4.7 1.6 0.9

100.0 54.4 44.9 22.8 16.2 4.3 1.6 0.7

100.0 53.1 46.4 24.0 16.8 4.0 1.6 0.6

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

NOTE: Because of underreporting and nonreporting of racial/ethnic data, some figures are slightly lower than corresponding data in other tables. Data for 1976 through 1990 are for institutions of higher education. Data for years after 1990 are for degree-granting institutions. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily

2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1976 and 1980; and 1976 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

346 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 206. Total fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity of student and type and control of institution: Selected years, 1976 through 2004—Continued

Table 207. Total number of institutions and fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and percentage of minority enrollment: 2003 Public institutions 4-year institutions

Total enrollment

Total

Total

2

3

4

5

Number of institutions............................... Total enrollment ........................................ U.S. citizens1......................................... White, non-Hispanic .......................... Minority ............................................. Black, non-Hispanic....................... Hispanic......................................... Asian/Pacific Islander .................... American Indian/Alaska Native ..... Nonresident alien..................................

4,140 16,900,471 16,308,639 11,275,447 5,033,192 2,068,872 1,715,970 1,075,700 172,650 591,832

1,699 12,857,059 12,469,090 8,531,391 3,937,699 1,533,546 1,414,616 845,200 144,337 387,969

629 6,649,441 6,355,638 4,609,865 1,745,773 718,737 528,281 432,237 66,518 293,803

90.0 percent or more minority enrollment Number of institutions............................... Total enrollment ........................................ U.S. citizens1......................................... Minority .............................................

138 356,529 351,847 337,088

54 267,606 264,168 251,579

75.0 to 89.9 percent minority enrollment Number of institutions............................... Total enrollment ........................................ U.S. citizens1......................................... Minority .............................................

173 664,842 647,527 547,448

50.0 to 74.9 percent minority enrollment Number of institutions............................... Total enrollment ........................................ U.S. citizens1......................................... Minority .............................................

Minority percentage of total enrollment

Private not-for-profit and for-profit institutions 4-year institutions 2-year

Total

Total

6

7

8

9

10

94 2,419,631 2,268,825 1,805,557 463,268 155,627 121,225 162,876 23,540 150,806

535 4,229,810 4,086,813 2,804,308 1,282,505 563,110 407,056 269,361 42,978 142,997

1,070 6,207,618 6,113,452 3,921,526 2,191,926 814,809 886,335 412,963 77,819 94,166

2,441 4,043,412 3,839,549 2,744,056 1,095,493 535,326 301,354 230,500 28,313 203,863

1,845 3,758,112 3,556,271 2,588,835 967,436 470,274 255,125 218,152 23,885 201,841

29 143,488 140,951 134,398

0 0 0 0

29 143,488 140,951 134,398

25 124,118 123,217 117,181

84 88,923 87,679 85,509

74 567,365 552,735 466,044

23 203,079 197,070 170,586

0 0 0 0

23 203,079 197,070 170,586

51 364,286 355,665 295,458

442 2,001,789 1,926,755 1,203,873

167 1,725,238 1,657,848 1,033,607

40 624,730 583,773 364,579

5 141,222 130,806 77,734

35 483,508 452,967 286,845

25.0 to 49.9 percent minority enrollment Number of institutions............................... Total enrollment ........................................ U.S. citizens1......................................... Minority .............................................

998 4,901,849 4,700,592 1,716,119

431 3,609,231 3,499,919 1,278,265

124 1,549,871 1,473,997 525,539

13 415,009 386,607 127,522

10.0 to 24.9 percent minority enrollment Number of institutions............................... Total enrollment ........................................ U.S. citizens1......................................... Minority .............................................

1,316 6,020,589 5,797,455 1,032,997

529 4,461,483 4,318,048 760,285

235 2,722,375 2,599,461 452,667

Less than 10.0 percent minority enrollment Number of institutions............................... Total enrollment ........................................ U.S. citizens1......................................... Minority .............................................

1,073 2,954,873 2,884,463 195,667

444 2,226,136 2,176,372 147,919

178 1,405,898 1,360,386 98,004

1

Private not-for-profit institutions

University Other 4-year

4-year institutions

University Other 4-year

2-year

Total

Total

11

12

13

14

University Other 4-year 15

16

2-year 17

62 822,884 739,350 533,455 205,895 64,242 51,912 86,076 3,665 83,534

1,783 2,935,228 2,816,921 2,055,380 761,541 406,032 203,213 132,076 20,220 118,307

596 285,300 283,278 155,221 128,057 65,052 46,229 12,348 4,428 2,022

1,637 3,340,718 3,162,679 2,361,491 801,188 380,403 203,362 196,014 21,409 178,039

1,524 3,296,882 3,119,799 2,335,905 783,894 373,428 198,470 192,853 19,143 177,083

62 822,884 739,350 533,455 205,895 64,242 51,912 86,076 3,665 83,534

1,462 2,473,998 2,380,449 1,802,450 577,999 309,186 146,558 106,777 15,478 93,549

113 43,836 42,880 25,586 17,294 6,975 4,892 3,161 2,266 956

59 76,099 74,863 73,207

0 0 0 0

59 76,099 74,863 73,207

25 12,824 12,816 12,302

61 73,041 71,853 70,276

53 70,921 69,733 68,213

0 0 0 0

53 70,921 69,733 68,213

8 2,120 2,120 2,063

99 97,477 94,792 81,404

43 56,558 54,169 47,258

1 10,658 9,524 9,388

42 45,900 44,645 37,870

56 40,919 40,623 34,146

34 41,913 39,761 35,278

22 36,012 33,979 30,314

1 10,658 9,524 9,388

21 25,354 24,455 20,926

12 5,901 5,782 4,964

127 1,100,508 1,074,075 669,028

275 276,551 268,907 170,266

140 207,122 199,822 127,876

0 0 0 0

140 207,122 199,822 127,876

135 69,429 69,085 42,390

85 103,187 100,269 64,955

66 96,422 93,550 60,680

0 0 0 0

66 96,422 93,550 60,680

19 6,765 6,719 4,275

111 1,134,862 1,087,390 398,017

307 2,059,360 2,025,922 752,726

567 1,292,618 1,200,673 437,854

414 1,218,846 1,127,549 410,015

24 361,941 317,907 113,749

390 856,905 809,642 296,266

153 73,772 73,124 27,839

324 996,150 921,594 335,232

297 985,398 911,048 331,445

24 361,941 317,907 113,749

273 623,457 593,141 217,696

27 10,752 10,546 3,787

51 1,377,872 1,291,488 221,595

184 1,344,503 1,307,973 231,072

294 1,739,108 1,718,587 307,618

787 1,559,106 1,479,407 272,712

673 1,504,676 1,425,247 263,347

34 402,416 365,901 79,045

639 1,102,260 1,059,346 184,302

114 54,430 54,160 9,365

616 1,436,069 1,358,250 250,211

592 1,426,245 1,348,578 248,484

34 402,416 365,901 79,045

558 1,023,829 982,677 169,439

24 9,824 9,672 1,727

25 485,528 459,924 36,417

153 920,370 900,462 61,587

266 820,238 815,986 49,915

629 728,737 708,091 47,748

516 694,811 674,621 45,733

3 47,869 46,018 3,713

513 646,942 628,603 42,020

113 33,926 33,470 2,015

517 690,358 670,952 45,236

494 681,884 662,911 44,758

3 47,869 46,018 3,713

491 634,015 616,893 41,045

23 8,474 8,041 478

All institutions

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

resident aliens. NOTE: Data are for 2-year and 4-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Minority enrollment includes Black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Alaska Native students. Some insti-

tutions do not report separate enrollment data for each branch campus. For this reason, counts of institutions in this table are somewhat lower than figures appearing in other tables. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 347 Enrollment

1Includes

Minority, by race/ethnicity

Percentage distribution of students Minority, by race/ethnicity

Total

White, nonHispanic

2

3

United States ...................................

17,272,044

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Total

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

4

5

6

7

8

9

11,422,770

5,259,107

2,164,683

1,809,593

1,108,693

176,138

255,826 30,869 490,925 138,399 2,374,045

166,656 22,316 315,925 104,737 1,040,123

83,180 7,637 148,215 31,174 1,259,027

74,412 1,094 34,908 25,271 182,775

3,568 1,044 78,300 2,375 609,600

3,342 1,344 17,588 1,996 444,352

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

300,914 172,775 49,804 99,988 866,665

231,068 126,513 35,935 48,634 492,832

63,150 39,738 12,485 44,654 343,545

14,002 17,903 9,255 33,207 156,587

33,308 13,673 1,679 4,444 154,246

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

434,283 67,225 76,311 801,401 356,801

262,308 17,952 67,429 524,866 295,973

159,462 44,218 6,263 252,406 47,495

131,236 1,523 596 110,995 29,117

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

217,646 191,590 240,097 246,301 65,415

189,641 156,552 208,553 150,456 60,277

20,621 29,079 27,200 88,085 3,753

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

312,493 439,245 620,980 349,021 152,115

182,062 319,010 475,409 292,323 88,612

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

365,204 47,173 121,053 105,961 70,163

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

380,374 131,577 1,141,525 472,709 49,533

State or jurisdiction 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Total

White, nonHispanic

Total

Black, nonHispanic

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

590,167

100.0

66.1

30.4

12.5

10.5

6.4

1.0

3.4

1,858 4,155 17,419 1,532 22,300

5,990 916 26,785 2,488 74,895

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

65.1 72.3 64.4 75.7 43.8

32.5 24.7 30.2 22.5 53.0

29.1 3.5 7.1 18.3 7.7

1.4 3.4 15.9 1.7 25.7

1.3 4.4 3.6 1.4 18.7

0.7 13.5 3.5 1.1 0.9

2.3 3.0 5.5 1.8 3.2

11,490 7,440 1,371 6,627 29,044

4,350 722 180 376 3,668

6,696 6,524 1,384 6,700 30,288

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

76.8 73.2 72.2 48.6 56.9

21.0 23.0 25.1 44.7 39.6

4.7 10.4 18.6 33.2 18.1

11.1 7.9 3.4 4.4 17.8

3.8 4.3 2.8 6.6 3.4

1.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

2.2 3.8 2.8 6.7 3.5

11,168 1,954 3,202 91,517 9,947

15,616 40,412 1,397 47,237 7,115

1,442 329 1,068 2,657 1,316

12,513 5,055 2,619 24,129 13,333

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

60.4 26.7 88.4 65.5 83.0

36.7 65.8 8.2 31.5 13.3

30.2 2.3 0.8 13.9 8.2

2.6 2.9 4.2 11.4 2.8

3.6 60.1 1.8 5.9 2.0

0.3 0.5 1.4 0.3 0.4

2.9 7.5 3.4 3.0 3.7

9,598 11,177 21,041 75,586 1,106

5,442 8,082 2,661 5,919 772

4,466 6,737 2,799 5,037 1,013

1,115 3,083 699 1,543 862

7,384 5,959 4,344 7,760 1,385

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

87.1 81.7 86.9 61.1 92.1

9.5 15.2 11.3 35.8 5.7

4.4 5.8 8.8 30.7 1.7

2.5 4.2 1.1 2.4 1.2

2.1 3.5 1.2 2.0 1.5

0.5 1.6 0.3 0.6 1.3

3.4 3.1 1.8 3.2 2.1

117,357 93,579 122,438 47,417 61,481

84,638 33,961 80,171 21,732 58,345

11,594 26,054 16,644 6,687 1,128

19,868 31,650 20,515 14,877 1,254

1,257 1,914 5,108 4,121 754

13,074 26,656 23,133 9,281 2,022

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

58.3 72.6 76.6 83.8 58.3

37.6 21.3 19.7 13.6 40.4

27.1 7.7 12.9 6.2 38.4

3.7 5.9 2.7 1.9 0.7

6.4 7.2 3.3 4.3 0.8

0.4 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.5

4.2 6.1 3.7 2.7 1.3

290,291 40,219 104,754 69,004 63,040

65,107 6,109 12,814 34,307 5,450

43,938 287 5,076 8,044 1,552

9,939 717 3,949 13,963 1,734

8,993 503 2,790 10,777 1,784

2,237 4,602 999 1,523 380

9,806 845 3,485 2,650 1,673

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

79.5 85.3 86.5 65.1 89.8

17.8 13.0 10.6 32.4 7.8

12.0 0.6 4.2 7.6 2.2

2.7 1.5 3.3 13.2 2.5

2.5 1.1 2.3 10.2 2.5

0.6 9.8 0.8 1.4 0.5

2.7 1.8 2.9 2.5 2.4

228,670 57,086 698,133 320,135 42,560

136,474 71,423 380,889 140,844 5,236

53,986 3,721 160,941 112,820 743

49,132 53,672 127,658 10,878 611

32,232 2,527 88,274 11,252 488

1,124 11,503 4,016 5,894 3,394

15,230 3,068 62,503 11,730 1,737

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

60.1 43.4 61.2 67.7 85.9

35.9 54.3 33.4 29.8 10.6

14.2 2.8 14.1 23.9 1.5

12.9 40.8 11.2 2.3 1.2

8.5 1.9 7.7 2.4 1.0

0.3 8.7 0.4 1.2 6.9

4.0 2.3 5.5 2.5 3.5

Hispanic

Nonresident alien

348 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 208. Fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity of student and by state or jurisdiction: 2004

Table 208. Fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity of student and by state or jurisdiction: 2004—Continued Minority, by race/ethnicity

Percentage distribution of students Minority, by race/ethnicity

State or jurisdiction 1

Total

White, nonHispanic

Total

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Total

White, nonHispanic

Total

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

614,234 207,625 199,985 688,780 80,377

497,895 146,224 163,889 546,202 64,546

98,273 51,294 30,616 119,657 13,219

71,307 18,771 4,509 69,837 4,596

11,649 6,834 10,230 19,496 4,866

12,994 4,674 12,606 28,457 3,420

2,323 21,015 3,271 1,867 337

18,066 10,107 5,480 22,921 2,612

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

81.1 70.4 82.0 79.3 80.3

16.0 24.7 15.3 17.4 16.4

11.6 9.0 2.3 10.1 5.7

1.9 3.3 5.1 2.8 6.1

2.1 2.3 6.3 4.1 4.3

0.4 10.1 1.6 0.3 0.4

2.9 4.9 2.7 3.3 3.2

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

208,910 48,708 278,055 1,229,197 194,324

140,288 42,049 207,872 645,856 170,333

65,134 5,509 64,758 533,491 18,408

58,099 672 53,992 150,899 1,865

3,115 515 4,652 315,988 8,590

3,088 396 5,143 60,221 5,643

832 3,926 971 6,383 2,310

3,488 1,150 5,425 49,850 5,583

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

67.2 86.3 74.8 52.5 87.7

31.2 11.3 23.3 43.4 9.5

27.8 1.4 19.4 12.3 1.0

1.5 1.1 1.7 25.7 4.4

1.5 0.8 1.8 4.9 2.9

0.4 8.1 0.3 0.5 1.2

1.7 2.4 2.0 4.1 2.9

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

38,639 425,181 343,524 97,884 331,506 33,955

35,301 293,131 262,771 88,168 285,736 30,700

2,550 121,185 71,161 7,379 38,577 2,753

706 80,684 14,507 5,006 16,759 329

772 14,946 18,084 946 9,126 1,509

828 23,322 32,297 1,072 9,191 298

244 2,233 6,273 355 3,501 617

788 10,865 9,592 2,337 7,193 502

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

91.4 68.9 76.5 90.1 86.2 90.4

6.6 28.5 20.7 7.5 11.6 8.1

1.8 19.0 4.2 5.1 5.1 1.0

2.0 3.5 5.3 1.0 2.8 4.4

2.1 5.5 9.4 1.1 2.8 0.9

0.6 0.5 1.8 0.4 1.1 1.8

2.0 2.6 2.8 2.4 2.2 1.5

U.S. Service Schools ................................

14,754

11,755

2,831

801

1,014

836

180

168

100.0

79.7

19.2

5.4

6.9

5.7

1.2

1.1

Other jurisdictions ..........................

220,920

529

219,674

2,145

207,064

10,448

17

717

100.0

0.2

99.4

1.0

93.7

4.7

#

0.3

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

1,550 2,608 4,642 623 1,101 651 207,180 2,565

7 4 222 0 48 0 113 135

1,370 2,604 4,356 623 890 645 206,930 2,256

0 0 40 0 2 0 34 2,069

2 0 35 0 2 0 206,864 161

1,368 2,604 4,274 623 884 645 28 22

0 0 7 0 2 0 4 4

173 0 64 0 163 6 137 174

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

0.5 0.2 4.8 0.0 4.4 0.0 0.1 5.3

88.4 99.8 93.8 100.0 80.8 99.1 99.9 88.0

0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.2 0.0 # 80.7

0.1 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.0 99.8 6.3

88.3 99.8 92.1 100.0 80.3 99.1 # 0.9

0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 # 0.2

11.2 0.0 1.4 0.0 14.8 0.9 0.1 6.8

#Rounds to zero. NOTE: Data are for 2-year and 4-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 349 Enrollment

2

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

Table 209. Fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity of student and by state or jurisdiction: 2003 Minority, by race/ethnicity

Percentage distribution of students Minority, by race/ethnicity

Total

White, nonHispanic

2

3

United States ...................................

16,900,471

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Total

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

4

5

6

7

8

9

11,275,447

5,033,192

2,068,872

1,715,970

1,075,700

172,650

253,846 31,035 430,661 133,950 2,338,846

166,007 22,397 284,521 101,634 1,044,723

81,490 7,760 128,479 29,713 1,214,633

73,158 1,081 26,479 24,274 175,938

3,129 1,001 70,875 2,231 582,555

3,291 1,284 15,376 1,833 434,251

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

289,243 170,976 49,595 95,297 839,735

223,070 125,603 36,202 46,125 485,276

59,328 38,386 12,019 41,400 325,288

12,452 17,386 8,969 30,603 149,069

31,867 13,027 1,539 4,126 145,027

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

411,061 67,390 75,370 796,774 350,091

249,632 17,778 67,113 522,512 291,285

149,160 44,236 6,136 248,843 44,849

124,269 1,582 588 108,019 27,646

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

213,958 190,291 235,743 244,455 64,222

187,084 156,946 206,027 150,745 59,271

18,798 27,444 25,375 86,302 3,494

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

307,543 436,068 615,765 337,780 148,584

181,283 317,588 472,000 285,336 87,859

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

359,680 47,240 119,511 100,995 69,608

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

372,632 126,852 1,126,087 464,430 48,402

State or jurisdiction 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Total

White, nonHispanic

Total

Black, nonHispanic

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

591,832

100.0

66.7

29.8

12.2

10.2

6.4

1.0

3.5

1,912 4,394 15,749 1,375 21,889

6,349 878 17,661 2,603 79,490

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

65.4 72.2 66.1 75.9 44.7

32.1 25.0 29.8 22.2 51.9

28.8 3.5 6.1 18.1 7.5

1.2 3.2 16.5 1.7 24.9

1.3 4.1 3.6 1.4 18.6

0.8 14.2 3.7 1.0 0.9

2.5 2.8 4.1 1.9 3.4

10,781 7,262 1,327 6,353 27,670

4,228 711 184 318 3,522

6,845 6,987 1,374 7,772 29,171

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

77.1 73.5 73.0 48.4 57.8

20.5 22.5 24.2 43.4 38.7

4.3 10.2 18.1 32.1 17.8

11.0 7.6 3.1 4.3 17.3

3.7 4.2 2.7 6.7 3.3

1.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4

2.4 4.1 2.8 8.2 3.5

9,116 1,925 3,112 91,711 9,228

14,566 40,388 1,372 46,564 6,685

1,209 341 1,064 2,549 1,290

12,269 5,376 2,121 25,419 13,957

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

60.7 26.4 89.0 65.6 83.2

36.3 65.6 8.1 31.2 12.8

30.2 2.3 0.8 13.6 7.9

2.2 2.9 4.1 11.5 2.6

3.5 59.9 1.8 5.8 1.9

0.3 0.5 1.4 0.3 0.4

3.0 8.0 2.8 3.2 4.0

8,352 10,849 19,647 74,005 955

4,787 7,855 2,340 5,651 696

4,371 5,739 2,708 5,110 958

1,288 3,001 680 1,536 885

8,076 5,901 4,341 7,408 1,457

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

87.4 82.5 87.4 61.7 92.3

8.8 14.4 10.8 35.3 5.4

3.9 5.7 8.3 30.3 1.5

2.2 4.1 1.0 2.3 1.1

2.0 3.0 1.1 2.1 1.5

0.6 1.6 0.3 0.6 1.4

3.8 3.1 1.8 3.0 2.3

113,504 90,665 120,364 42,558 58,785

82,019 32,618 78,449 19,102 55,940

11,010 25,235 16,163 5,623 1,039

19,180 30,917 20,853 13,764 1,148

1,295 1,895 4,899 4,069 658

12,756 27,815 23,401 9,886 1,940

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

58.9 72.8 76.7 84.5 59.1

36.9 20.8 19.5 12.6 39.6

26.7 7.5 12.7 5.7 37.6

3.6 5.8 2.6 1.7 0.7

6.2 7.1 3.4 4.1 0.8

0.4 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.4

4.1 6.4 3.8 2.9 1.3

288,042 40,486 103,709 66,907 62,669

61,510 5,985 12,184 31,613 5,301

41,466 241 4,841 7,632 1,422

9,182 729 3,592 12,614 1,724

8,639 460 2,811 9,886 1,783

2,223 4,555 940 1,481 372

10,128 769 3,618 2,475 1,638

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

80.1 85.7 86.8 66.2 90.0

17.1 12.7 10.2 31.3 7.6

11.5 0.5 4.1 7.6 2.0

2.6 1.5 3.0 12.5 2.5

2.4 1.0 2.4 9.8 2.6

0.6 9.6 0.8 1.5 0.5

2.8 1.6 3.0 2.5 2.4

225,864 55,583 693,906 316,447 41,990

131,467 68,713 369,452 136,608 4,815

51,654 3,496 157,216 110,334 662

47,552 51,397 123,070 9,839 444

31,222 2,510 85,309 10,735 451

1,039 11,310 3,857 5,700 3,258

15,301 2,556 62,729 11,375 1,597

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

60.6 43.8 61.6 68.1 86.8

35.3 54.2 32.8 29.4 9.9

13.9 2.8 14.0 23.8 1.4

12.8 40.5 10.9 2.1 0.9

8.4 2.0 7.6 2.3 0.9

0.3 8.9 0.3 1.2 6.7

4.1 2.0 5.6 2.4 3.3

Hispanic

Nonresident alien

350 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

_

Table 209. Fall enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity of student and by state or jurisdiction: 2003—Continued Minority, by race/ethnicity

Percentage distribution of students Minority, by race/ethnicity

State or jurisdiction 1

Total

White, nonHispanic

Total

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Total

White, nonHispanic

Total

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

603,378 207,781 198,701 675,574 79,085

490,835 146,287 163,492 538,342 63,720

94,213 50,659 29,397 113,913 12,702

66,672 18,575 4,221 66,640 4,435

11,366 7,022 9,655 17,890 4,715

12,541 4,545 12,357 27,486 3,238

3,634 20,517 3,164 1,897 314

18,330 10,835 5,812 23,319 2,663

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

81.3 70.4 82.3 79.7 80.6

15.6 24.4 14.8 16.9 16.1

11.0 8.9 2.1 9.9 5.6

1.9 3.4 4.9 2.6 6.0

2.1 2.2 6.2 4.1 4.1

0.6 9.9 1.6 0.3 0.4

3.0 5.2 2.9 3.5 3.4

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

207,601 48,967 267,969 1,188,727 185,772

139,576 42,448 202,721 638,338 164,285

64,302 5,050 59,362 501,844 15,891

57,667 639 49,382 141,663 1,529

2,866 486 4,149 295,401 7,005

2,935 361 4,805 58,615 5,249

834 3,564 1,026 6,165 2,108

3,723 1,469 5,886 48,545 5,596

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

67.2 86.7 75.7 53.7 88.4

31.0 10.3 22.2 42.2 8.6

27.8 1.3 18.4 11.9 0.8

1.4 1.0 1.5 24.9 3.8

1.4 0.7 1.8 4.9 2.8

0.4 7.3 0.4 0.5 1.1

1.8 3.0 2.2 4.1 3.0

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

37,831 414,881 345,469 97,005 329,691 33,695

34,605 287,558 264,188 87,404 285,823 30,520

2,373 115,945 71,592 7,221 36,581 2,698

604 78,225 14,541 4,811 15,680 325

753 13,545 18,097 938 8,611 1,474

763 21,707 32,539 1,085 8,849 273

253 2,468 6,415 387 3,441 626

853 11,378 9,689 2,380 7,287 477

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

91.5 69.3 76.5 90.1 86.7 90.6

6.3 27.9 20.7 7.4 11.1 8.0

1.6 18.9 4.2 5.0 4.8 1.0

2.0 3.3 5.2 1.0 2.6 4.4

2.0 5.2 9.4 1.1 2.7 0.8

0.7 0.6 1.9 0.4 1.0 1.9

2.3 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.2 1.4

U.S. Service Schools ................................

14,628

11,685

2,792

850

986

795

161

151

100.0

79.9

19.1

5.8

6.7

5.4

1.1

1.0

Other jurisdictions ..........................

217,655

545

216,315

2,173

203,658

10,467

17

795

100.0

0.3

99.4

1.0

93.6

4.8

#

0.4

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

1,537 2,558 4,710 601 1,237 727 203,745

2 3 240 0 58 0 111

1,356 2,555 4,390 573 921 727 203,556

0 0 39 0 3 0 19

0 0 39 0 2 0 203,506

1,356 2,555 4,300 573 912 727 30

0 0 12 0 4 0 1

179 0 80 28 258 0 78

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

0.1 0.1 5.1 0.0 4.7 0.0 0.1

88.2 99.9 93.2 95.3 74.5 100.0 99.9

0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.0 #

0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.0 99.9

88.2 99.9 91.3 95.3 73.7 100.0 #

0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 #

11.6 0.0 1.7 4.7 20.9 0.0 #

2,540

131

2,237

2,112

111

14

0

172

100.0

5.2

88.1

83.1

4.4

0.6

0.0

6.8

#Rounds to zero. NOTE: Data are for 2-year and 4-year degree-granting institutions that participated in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 351 Enrollment

2

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

352 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 210. Number and percentage of students enrolled in postsecondary institutions, by level, disability status, and selected student characteristics: 2003–04 Graduate and first-professional1

Undergraduate Selected student characteristic 1

All students

Disabled students2

Nondisabled students

All students

Disabled students2

Nondisabled students

2

3

4

5

6

7

Number of students (in thousands) .................................

19,054

(0.0)

2,156

(36.7)

16,897

(36.7)

2,826

(19.9)

189

(14.0)

2,637

(21.1)

Sex (percent) ................................................................... Male ............................................................................. Female .........................................................................

100.0 42.4 57.6

(†) (0.39) (0.39)

100.0 42.1 57.9

(†) (0.84) (0.84)

100.0 42.4 57.6

(†) (0.39) (0.39)

100.0 41.9 58.1

(†) (1.23) (1.23)

100.0 38.0 62.0

(†) (3.50) (3.50)

100.0 42.2 57.8

(†) (1.29) (1.29)

Race/ethnicity of student (percent).................................. White, non-Hispanic..................................................... Black, non-Hispanic ..................................................... Hispanic ....................................................................... Asian/Pacific Islander................................................... American Indian/Alaska Native.................................... Other............................................................................

100.0 63.1 14.0 12.7 5.9 0.9 3.3

(†) (0.76) (0.62) (0.43) (0.22) (0.11) (0.11)

100.0 65.1 13.2 12.3 3.8 1.2 4.4

(†) (0.99) (0.78) (0.62) (0.37) (0.22) (0.31)

100.0 62.9 14.1 12.8 6.2 0.9 3.2

(†) (0.76) (0.62) (0.44) (0.23) (0.10) (0.11)

100.0 68.3 9.6 7.7 11.0 0.6 2.9

(†) (1.05) (0.68) (0.73) (0.53) (0.11) (0.30)

100.0 67.0 12.5 7.9 5.9 0.4 6.3

(†) (3.39) (2.99) (1.85) (1.36) (0.24) (1.59)

100.0 68.4 9.3 7.6 11.3 0.6 2.7

(†) (1.09) (0.69) (0.74) (0.56) (0.11) (0.31)

Age (percent)................................................................... 15 to 23........................................................................ 24 to 29........................................................................ 30 or older....................................................................

100.0 56.8 17.3 25.9

(†) (0.52) (0.28) (0.42)

100.0 45.8 15.5 38.7

(†) (1.07) (0.59) (1.06)

100.0 58.2 17.5 24.3

(†) (0.49) (0.28) (0.39)

100.0 11.2 39.6 49.2

(†) (0.44) (0.93) (1.03)

100.0 8.5 33.9 57.6

(†) (1.46) (2.69) (2.72)

100.0 11.4 40.0 48.6

(†) (0.46) (1.00) (1.08)

Attendance status (percent) ............................................ Full-time, full-year ........................................................ Part-time or part-year...................................................

100.0 38.6 61.4

(†) (0.45) (0.45)

100.0 33.5 66.5

(†) (0.72) (0.72)

100.0 39.2 60.8

(†) (0.45) (0.45)

100.0 32.7 67.3

(†) (1.01) (1.01)

100.0 28.9 71.1

(†) (2.76) (2.76)

100.0 32.9 67.1

(†) (1.03) (1.03)

Student housing status (percent)..................................... On-campus .................................................................. Off-campus .................................................................. With parents or relatives ..............................................

100.0 13.8 55.2 31.0

(†) (0.36) (0.47) (0.41)

100.0 10.7 61.5 27.7

(†) (0.46) (0.81) (0.73)

100.0 14.2 54.4 31.4

(†) (0.38) (0.47) (0.40)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

Dependency status (percent) .......................................... Dependent ................................................................... Independent, unmarried............................................... Independent, married................................................... Independent with dependents......................................

100.0 49.7 15.2 7.9 27.1

(†) (0.56) (0.25) (0.18) (0.42)

100.0 39.4 19.5 9.1 32.0

(†) (0.95) (0.72) (0.50) (0.78)

100.0 51.0 14.7 7.8 26.5

(†) (0.55) (0.25) (0.17) (0.42)

100.0 ‡ 47.5 18.8 33.7

(†) (†) (1.01) (0.81) (1.11)

100.0 ‡ 48.1 15.7 36.2

(†) (†) (3.03) (2.45) (3.64)

100.0 ‡ 47.5 19.0 33.6

(†) (†) (1.03) (0.82) (1.11)

Veteran status (percent) .................................................. Veteran......................................................................... Not veteran ..................................................................

100.0 3.4 96.6

(†) (0.16) (0.16)

100.0 6.2 93.8

(†) (0.52) (0.52)

100.0 3.0 97.0

(†) (0.14) (0.14)

100.0 3.8 96.2

(†) (0.46) (0.46)

100.0 2.7 97.3

(†) (0.66) (0.66)

100.0 3.9 96.1

(†) (0.48) (0.48)

Field of study (percent).................................................... Business/management ................................................ Education..................................................................... Engineering/computer science .................................... Health .......................................................................... Humanities................................................................... Law .............................................................................. Life/physical sciences .................................................. Social/behavioral sciences........................................... Vocational/technical ..................................................... Undeclared .................................................................. Other............................................................................

100.0 15.6 6.7 4.7 12.9 10.3 ‡ 4.5 7.0 2.4 21.3 14.6

(†) (0.33) (0.23) (0.25) (0.37) (0.26) (†) (0.12) (0.17) (0.14) (0.51) (0.34)

100.0 14.6 6.3 3.8 12.2 10.8 ‡ 4.2 7.3 2.9 22.0 15.9

(†) (0.66) (0.42) (0.35) (0.59) (0.52) (†) (0.29) (0.34) (0.24) (0.79) (0.68)

100.0 15.7 6.8 4.8 13.0 10.3 ‡ 4.5 7.0 2.3 21.2 14.4

(†) (0.33) (0.23) (0.26) (0.37) (0.25) (†) (0.12) (0.18) (0.15) (0.52) (0.34)

100.0 16.1 23.7 8.1 13.2 7.3 5.5 3.5 5.5 ‡ 9.5 7.6

(†) (1.02) (1.53) (0.59) (0.87) (0.72) (0.35) (0.23) (0.35) (†) (1.02) (0.58)

100.0 12.7 29.7 4.3 9.9 6.3 5.6 3.6 7.8 ‡ 9.4 10.6

(†) (3.46) (3.09) (1.02) (1.76) (1.04) (1.13) (0.92) (1.84) (†) (1.71) (2.21)

100.0 16.4 23.3 8.4 13.4 7.4 5.5 3.5 5.3 ‡ 9.5 7.4

(†) (1.05) (1.64) (0.62) (0.90) (0.75) (0.36) (0.23) (0.33) (†) (1.06) (0.56)

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1First-professional includes chiropractic medicine, medicine, dentistry, optometry, osteopathic medicine, pharmacy, podiatry, veterinary medicine, law, and theology. 2 Disabled students are those who reported that they had one or more of the following conditions: a specific learning disability, a visual handicap, hard of hearing, deafness, a speech disability, an orthopedic handicap, or a health impairment.

NOTE: Data include Puerto Rico. Detail may not sum to totals because of survey item nonresponse and rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:04). (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 211. Enrollment in postsecondary education, by student level, type of institution, age, and major field of study: 2003–04 All students

Undergraduate 2-year institutions1

Percentage distribution, by age

Field of study

Total, in thousands

1

Under 25

25 to 35

Over 35

Total, in thousands

4-year institutions

Percentage distribution, by age Under 25

Graduate and firstprofessional

25 to 35

Over 35

Total, in thousands

Percentage distribution, by age Under 25

25 to 35

Over 35

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Total........................................................... 21,880 (19.9)

55.7 (0.47)

25.8 (0.36)

18.4 (0.32)

9,588 (23.7)

51.7 (0.70)

26.1 (0.49)

22.3 (0.49)

9,466 (23.7)

70.7 (0.76)

18.2 (0.44)

11.1 (0.44)

72.0 68.0 63.2 77.6 51.1

(3.40) (2.59) (4.41) (1.22) (1.14)

19.2 24.8 21.2 18.2 28.3

(3.08) (2.32) (3.81) (1.14) (0.87)

8.8 7.2 15.6 4.2 20.5

(2.59) (1.37) (3.58) (0.52) (0.81)

36 (5.4) 46 (5.1) ‡ (†) 94 (7.8) 1,170 (30.0)

62.0 57.2 ‡ 70.8 51.7

(6.50) (5.52) (†) (3.89) (1.11)

23.2 28.7 ‡ 21.1 25.7

(5.90) (4.85) (†) (3.25) (0.97)

14.8 14.0 ‡ 8.1 22.7

(5.69) (3.41) (†) (1.92) (0.96)

52 (4.7) 68 (8.9) 30 (3.5) 350 (13.0) 1,805 (53.6)

82.7 80.4 80.7 87.4 60.7

(3.35) (3.03) (4.26) (1.11) (1.88)

13.4 16.8 12.3 10.4 23.2

(2.93) (3.04) (3.98) (0.95) (1.16)

3.9 2.8 7.0 2.1 16.1

Agriculture and related sciences ....................... Architecture and related services ...................... Area, ethnic, and gender studies....................... Biological and biomedical sciences ................... Business, management, and marketing ............

95 (8.5) 126 (10.6) 44 (4.3) 500 (16.0) 3,431 (72.1)

Total, in thousands 14 2,826

(19.9)

(2.14) (1.22) (2.88) (0.40) (1.23)

8 12 8 56 456

(2.5) (1.6) (1.4) (3.8) (29.6)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

433 112 998 95 452

(18.8) (9.9) (36.7) (12.9) (21.0)

82.3 65.4 49.3 46.4 59.5

(1.14) (3.54) (1.33) (5.16) (1.96)

12.8 19.5 29.2 29.9 28.5

(1.07) (2.76) (1.15) (3.67) (1.73)

4.9 15.1 21.5 23.7 12.0

(0.89) (2.88) (1.18) (3.82) (1.18)

72 (7.0) 45 (5.9) 436 (21.6) 75 (12.4) 210 (14.2)

81.1 64.3 45.6 38.4 56.4

(3.43) (6.32) (2.00) (5.63) (2.96)

13.2 16.0 28.7 34.5 31.0

(2.70) (3.85) (1.95) (4.17) (2.50)

5.6 19.7 25.7 27.0 12.5

(1.73) (5.14) (1.68) (4.78) (1.72)

334 (15.8) 63 (7.6) 494 (23.6) 20 (2.7) 231 (16.9)

86.9 69.8 56 77.7 64.1

(1.33) (4.82) (2.15) (5.53) (2.73)

10.3 19.2 27 12.0 24.0

(1.16) (3.86) (1.50) (5.22) (2.06)

2.8 10.9 17 10.3 11.9

(0.88) (3.37) (1.59) (4.73) (1.88)

27 ‡ 69 ‡ 11

(5.9) (†) (9.2) (†) (3.1)

Economics ......................................................... Education........................................................... Engineering ....................................................... Engineering technologies/technicians ............... English language and literature/letters ..............

89 1,951 683 252 273

(7.0) (65.3) (51.6) (15.1) (12.4)

82.2 48.0 68.7 51.8 72.4

(2.53) (1.45) (1.87) (2.80) (1.65)

15.9 30.2 22.2 26.7 19.3

(2.26) (2.00) (1.18) (2.45) (1.44)

1.9 21.8 9.1 21.4 8.4

(0.80) (1.24) (1.56) (2.45) (0.99)

8 (2.0) 491 (19.1) 140 (9.6) 131 (10.5) 48 (5.6)

90.4 55.9 64.4 43.9 74.7

(6.26) (2.61) (3.62) (3.81) (3.84)

7.7 22.6 21.0 29.8 17.8

(6.28) (1.91) (2.46) (3.76) (2.94)

1.9 21.5 14.7 26.2 7.4

(0.98) (1.87) (2.41) (3.64) (2.86)

70 (6.7) 790 (37.5) 416 (42.3) 109 (9.6) 192 (9.4)

90.3 73.5 82.9 64.3 79.9

(2.29) (1.53) (1.80) (3.77) (1.70)

8.2 16.3 13.3 21.9 13.1

(1.93) (1.27) (1.68) (3.28) (1.48)

1.5 10.2 3.8 13.8 7.0

(0.94) (0.89) (0.62) (2.42) (1.14)

11 670 127 12 33

(1.4) (42.9) (13.8) (2.8) (4.0)

Family and consumer/human sciences ............. Foreign languages and literatures ..................... Geography ......................................................... Health professions and related sciences ........... History ...............................................................

104 (8.4) 104 (7.0) 37 (6.0) 2,672 (72.4) 220 (11.2)

54.7 55.0 59.4 45.6 70.8

(3.41) (2.93) (7.32) (0.78) (2.29)

22.8 24.3 21.8 32.9 18.9

(3.11) (2.42) (4.30) (0.70) (2.01)

22.5 20.7 18.8 21.5 10.3

(2.82) (2.71) (8.13) (0.77) (1.77)

44 (6.1) 28 (4.6) ‡ (†) 1,646 (48.9) 36 (4.5)

37.2 38.7 ‡ 41.8 60.2

(5.07) (5.75) (†) (1.01) (7.09)

32.5 22.8 ‡ 34.1 18.7

(4.51) (4.36) (†) (0.92) (5.12)

30.3 38.5 ‡ 24.1 21.1

(4.71) (6.46) (†) (0.82) (7.11)

52 (5.6) 59 (4.3) 25 (4.3) 692 (36.8) 159 (9.6)

73.8 73.6 72.9 60.8 81.6

(4.07) (3.36) (6.19) (1.77) (1.82)

12.8 16.9 16.0 23.2 13.2

(2.86) (3.06) (5.06) (1.32) (1.63)

13.4 9.5 11.1 16.0 5.2

(4.42) (2.51) (3.86) (1.17) (1.40)

‡ 16 5 334 26

(†) (2.4) (1.0) (24.9) (3.9)

International relations and affairs ...................... Legal professions and studies ........................... Liberal arts, sciences and humanities ............... Library science .................................................. Mathematics and statistics ................................

41 (4.1) 273 (13.9) 900 (40.5) 22 (5.5) 114 (7.1)

76.3 39.7 62.0 13.3 65.3

(4.19) (2.13) (1.71) (4.65) (3.28)

17.1 43.2 21.0 50.4 25.2

(3.78) (1.93) (1.16) (8.62) (2.49)

6.6 17.1 17.0 36.4 9.6

(2.81) (2.12) (1.36) (8.32) (1.79)

‡ (†) 78 (9.9) 616 (38.1) ‡ (†) 28 (4.1)

‡ (†) 41.3 (3.67) 61.3 (2.36) ‡ (†) 57.7 (7.71)

‡ (†) 32.4 (3.62) 21.1 (1.66) ‡ (†) 33.0 (6.20)

‡ (†) 26.3 (4.31) 17.5 (1.74) ‡ (†) 9.4 (4.13)

29 (3.0) 41 (5.3) 260 (15.8) ‡ (†) 63 (5.0)

88.6 53.9 67.5 ‡ 81.1

(2.52) (5.25) (1.62) (†) (3.39)

10.6 27.0 18.8 ‡ 12.3

(2.64) (4.56) (1.26) (†) (2.57)

0.8 19.1 13.8 ‡ 6.7

(0.73) (4.57) (1.35) (†) (2.10)

‡ 153 24 17 23

(†) (9.9) (3.6) (4.7) (2.8)

Mechanic and repair technologies..................... Military technologies .......................................... Multi/interdisciplinary studies............................. Natural resources and conservation.................. Natural sciences, other ......................................

195 (14.8) ‡ (†) 71 (7.0) 58 (6.8) 59 (6.3)

51.2 ‡ 55.7 69.4 66.5

(2.56) (†) (4.17) (5.72) (4.74)

29.5 ‡ 30.3 24.1 26.3

(1.89) (†) (3.26) (5.61) (4.86)

19.3 ‡ 14.1 6.5 7.2

(1.97) (†) (2.51) (2.20) (2.01)

173 (14.0) ‡ (†) 26 (3.0) 12 (2.2) 12 (2.3)

49.9 ‡ 50.8 73.5 72.0

(2.71) (†) (6.76) (7.90) (8.58)

28.9 ‡ 33.8 13.6 16.1

(1.86) (†) (6.25) (5.97) (6.59)

21.1 ‡ 15.4 12.9 11.9

(2.19) (†) (3.13) (6.91) (6.15)

(4.4) (†) (6.2) (5.7) (5.0)

61.1 ‡ 67.6 87.7 76.8

(7.36) (†) (6.16) (4.13) (5.59)

33.9 ‡ 22.8 12.1 20.3

(6.80) (†) (4.74) (4.05) (5.48)

5.1 ‡ 9.7 0.2 2.9

(3.51) (†) (3.79) (0.23) (1.44)

‡ ‡ ‡ 11 13

(†) (†) (†) (2.6) (3.3)

Parks, recreation, and fitness studies................ Personal and culinary services.......................... Philosophy and religious studies ....................... Physical sciences .............................................. Political science and government ......................

109 (8.4) 283 (39.4) 75 (6.7) 153 (8.1) 209 (9.3)

79.7 60.2 62.7 66.0 80.3

(2.56) (2.83) (3.76) (2.64) (1.87)

17.2 26.0 21.3 27.2 14.7

(2.24) (1.62) (2.42) (2.40) (1.58)

3.1 13.8 16.0 6.8 5.1

(1.23) (1.97) (3.18) (1.19) (1.09)

23 (4.0) 224 (29.7) 7 (1.7) 24 (4.1) 27 (3.9)

78.6 58.2 44.9 75.8 66.4

(5.92) (2.32) (12.50) (6.10) (6.79)

14.2 26.7 17.5 15.9 25.6

(4.45) (1.49) (9.13) (5.97) (5.67)

7.2 15.1 37.6 8.3 8.0

(4.33) (1.73) (13.01) (4.48) (4.26)

80 (7.2) 59 (30.4) 53 (5.6) 95 (5.7) 167 (8.2)

82.5 68.3 78.1 78.9 87.6

(3.18) (8.13) (3.39) (3.43) (1.67)

15.7 22.9 15.5 15.8 9.7

(2.89) (5.22) (2.78) (2.94) (1.44)

1.9 8.8 6.3 5.3 2.7

(1.25) (5.46) (1.87) (1.67) (0.83)

‡ ‡ 15 34 15

(†) (†) (3.0) (2.7) (2.3)

See notes at end of table.

22 ‡ 38 35 34

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 353 Enrollment

Communication and journalism ......................... Communications technologies/technicians........ Computer and information sciences .................. Construction trades ........................................... Criminal justice ..................................................

All students

Undergraduate 2-year institutions1

Percentage distribution, by age

Field of study 1

Total, in thousands

Under 25

2

25 to 35

3

Over 35

Under 25

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

5

6

10 (2.1) 617 (20.8) 278 (27.0) 153 (9.0) 38 (5.9)

47.1 67.7 34.6 60.7 47.1

(10.35) (1.57) (3.09) (2.63) (5.77)

15.9 22.2 34.1 32.3 32.2

(5.84) (1.14) (2.77) (2.45) (5.21)

37.0 10.2 31.3 7.1 20.7

(11.06) (0.98) (3.04) (1.20) (4.29)

8 (2.0) 147 (11.4) 62 (7.6) 73 (7.2) 14 (2.8)

Security and criminal justice.............................. Social sciences, other........................................ Sociology ........................................................... Theology and religious vocations ...................... Transportation and materials moving.................

78 (7.9) 116 (8.2) 198 (12.0) 118 (20.2) 49 (7.3)

62.3 55.3 62.5 31.8 64.3

(5.22) (3.70) (2.96) (4.58) (7.30)

24.2 26.0 25.1 29.0 19.0

(3.60) (3.03) (2.43) (4.99) (3.95)

13.5 18.7 12.4 39.2 16.7

(3.25) (2.58) (2.31) (4.02) (5.23)

Visual and performing arts ................................

664 (27.0)

73.9 (1.27)

17.2 (1.27)

8.9 (0.80)

197 (11.6)

69.2 (2.90)

Undeclared or not in a degree program.............

4,328 (103.0)

53.7 (0.81)

22.2 (0.51)

24.1 (0.76)

2,890 (87.5)

50.3 (1.04)

55 32 48 ‡ 26

(7.6) (4.8) (6.9) (†) (4.2)

4-year institutions

Percentage distribution, by age

Precision production .......................................... Psychology ........................................................ Public administration and social services .......... Residency programs.......................................... Science technologies/technicians......................

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Includes less-than-2-year schools and schools not identified by level.

4

Total, in thousands

25 to 35

7

Graduate and firstprofessional

Over 35

8

Total, in thousands

Percentage distribution, by age Under 25

25 to 35

11

Over 35

12

Total, in thousands

9

10

45.6 65.3 42.0 61.7 33.7

(11.79) (3.61) (4.76) (4.25) (9.00)

14.1 22.4 26.6 28.2 41.6

(6.18) (2.92) (4.41) (3.56) (9.19)

40.3 12.3 31.4 10.2 24.7

(12.10) (2.46) (4.61) (2.11) (8.35)

‡ (†) 400 (15.2) 126 (19.5) 42 (4.1) 22 (5.0)

‡ 76.4 44.6 76.6 58.2

(†) (1.49) (6.29) (4.99) (8.99)

‡ 16.3 25.3 18.8 22.3

(†) (1.21) (3.69) (3.82) (7.96)

‡ 7.3 30.1 4.6 19.5

(†) (0.80) (4.59) (2.46) (5.89)

13 ‡ 69 90 39 ‡

(†) (7.0) (10.7) (3.1) (†)

14

63.4 57.4 46.8 ‡ 48.7

(6.25) (5.99) (6.33) (†) (7.74)

28.4 23.8 29.5 ‡ 28.2

(4.96) (5.50) (6.14) (†) (6.05)

8.2 18.9 23.8 ‡ 23.1

(2.62) (4.12) (7.41) (†) (4.62)

19 (3.3) 66 (5.7) 139 (8.8) 46 (10.7) 22 (5.6)

62.1 64.8 72.2 57.8 85.2

(9.36) (4.67) (3.12) (4.51) (13.25)

9.4 20.7 20.5 16.4 5.3

(3.27) (3.68) (2.62) (3.81) (3.46)

28.5 14.5 7.3 25.8 9.5

(9.27) (3.45) (1.68) (5.18) (10.49)

‡ 18 11 65 ‡

(†) (2.6) (1.6) (14.9) (†)

18.7 (2.39)

12.0 (2.02)

422 (23.6)

81.4 (1.81)

13.3 (1.64)

5.3 (0.71)

45

(6.3)

23.5 (0.69)

26.1 (1.02)

1,169 (35.1)

71.8 (1.07)

15.6 (0.86)

12.5 (0.73)

268

(29.2)

NOTE: Because of different survey editing and processing procedures, enrollment data in this table may differ from those appearing in other tables. Includes students who enrolled at any time during the 2003–04 academic year. Data include Puerto Rico. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:04), unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

354 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 211. Enrollment in postsecondary education, by student level, type of institution, age, and major field of study: 2003–04—Continued

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 355 Enrollment

Table 212. Graduate enrollment in science and engineering programs in degree-granting institutions, by field of study: United States and other jurisdictions, fall 1990 through fall 2002

Field of engineering or science 1

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Percent change, 1990 to 2002

14

15

Total, all sciences and engineering..........

452,178 471,262 493,624 504,409 504,399 499,640 494,079 487,208 485,627 493,256 493,311 509,620 540,720

19.6

Engineering .........................................................

107,625 113,576 118,003 116,872 113,024 107,201 103,224 101,148 100,038 101,691 104,112 109,493 119,608

11.1

Aerospace........................................................ Agricultural....................................................... Biomedical ....................................................... Chemical.......................................................... Civil .................................................................. Electrical .......................................................... Engineering science ........................................ Industrial/manufacturing................................... Mechanical....................................................... Metallurgical/materials ..................................... Mining .............................................................. Nuclear ............................................................ Petroleum......................................................... Other engineering ............................................ All sciences..........................................................

3,934 946 2,136 6,735 15,542 33,722 2,020 11,248 16,879 4,941 437 1,278 670 7,137

4,120 983 2,239 7,127 17,398 35,182 2,154 12,676 17,730 5,160 489 1,282 705 6,331

4,036 1,008 2,537 7,397 19,572 36,428 2,218 13,525 18,637 5,512 437 1,286 737 4,673

3,940 1,018 2,675 7,554 19,583 35,290 2,180 13,905 18,477 5,410 427 1,306 725 4,382

3,715 1,061 2,750 7,639 19,925 33,020 2,089 13,992 17,761 5,228 424 1,246 624 3,550

3,343 1,037 2,732 7,452 19,218 30,861 1,955 13,475 16,363 4,956 373 1,154 610 3,672

3,208 1,012 2,732 7,408 18,528 29,941 1,751 12,675 15,509 4,747 371 980 562 3,800

3,083 941 2,847 7,288 17,193 30,787 1,647 11,957 15,045 4,688 348 868 561 3,895

3,137 925 2,905 7,093 16,517 31,384 1,701 11,221 14,696 4,680 304 821 571 4,083

3,349 934 3,121 6,883 16,226 31,822 1,627 11,803 14,956 4,481 328 830 642 4,689

3,407 899 3,241 7,056 16,451 33,611 1,632 12,119 15,235 4,377 287 792 627 4,378

3,451 907 3,639 6,913 16,665 36,100 1,798 12,940 15,852 4,721 240 801 656 4,810

3,685 912 4,378 7,414 17,713 39,958 2,121 14,033 17,115 4,992 267 795 766 5,459

-6.3 -3.6 105.0 10.1 14.0 18.5 5.0 24.8 1.4 1.0 -38.9 -37.8 14.3 -23.5

344,553 357,686 375,621 387,537 391,375 392,439 390,855 386,060 385,589 391,565 389,199 400,127 421,112

22.2

Physical sciences............................................. Astronomy .................................................... Chemistry..................................................... Physics......................................................... Other physical sciences ...............................

34,075 810 19,118 13,813 334

34,710 829 19,407 14,081 393

35,348 869 19,929 14,122 428

35,328 880 20,131 13,841 476

34,466 973 19,803 13,162 528

33,399 912 19,570 12,425 492

32,333 874 19,334 11,728 397

31,105 778 18,774 11,147 406

30,575 820 18,482 10,809 464

30,691 832 18,416 10,869 574

30,385 888 18,105 10,841 551

31,038 916 18,366 11,248 508

32,342 990 19,046 11,701 605

-5.1 22.2 -0.4 -15.3 81.1

Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences......... Atmospheric sciences .................................. Geosciences ................................................ Oceanography.............................................. Other environmental sciences......................

13,984 929 7,692 2,333 3,030

14,480 968 7,567 2,386 3,559

15,333 1,089 7,744 2,530 3,970

15,721 1,112 7,759 2,627 4,223

15,957 1,109 7,713 2,870 4,265

15,716 1,072 7,582 2,723 4,339

15,183 1,086 7,304 2,615 4,178

14,548 1,092 6,959 2,479 4,018

14,258 965 6,687 2,562 4,044

14,083 913 6,637 2,624 3,909

13,941 963 6,596 2,668 3,714

13,841 924 6,544 2,585 3,788

14,240 1,036 6,712 2,618 3,874

1.8 11.5 -12.7 12.2 27.9

Mathematical sciences .................................... Mathematics and applied mathematics........ Statistics.......................................................

19,774 17,096 2,678

19,952 17,206 2,746

20,355 17,404 2,951

20,000 16,945 3,055

19,573 16,457 3,116

18,504 15,386 3,118

18,008 14,948 3,060

16,719 14,027 2,692

16,485 13,827 2,658

16,257 13,521 2,736

15,650 12,823 2,827

16,651 13,569 3,082

18,163 14,702 3,461

-8.1 -14.0 29.2

34,257

34,610

36,325

36,213

34,158

33,458

34,626

35,991

38,027

42,478

47,350

52,196

55,559

62.2

Computer sciences .......................................... Life sciences ....................................................

116,348 121,849 129,010 136,948 143,560 148,286 148,948 148,486 149,634 151,345 148,080 150,252 159,195

36.8

Agricultural sciences ....................................

11,316

11,506

11,841

11,950

12,242

12,768

12,301

12,203

12,168

12,312

12,023

12,235

12,698

12.2

Biological sciences....................................... Anatomy ................................................... Biochemistry............................................. Biology...................................................... Biometry/epidemiology ............................. Biophysics ................................................ Botany ...................................................... Cell biology............................................... Ecology..................................................... Entomology/parasitology .......................... Genetics ................................................... Microbiology, immunology, and virology.... Nutrition.................................................... Pathology.................................................. Pharmacology .......................................... Physiology ................................................ Zoology..................................................... Other biosciences.....................................

49,989 1,000 5,039 13,027 1,871 642 2,733 2,555 1,136 1,173 1,408 4,873 4,172 1,354 2,353 2,236 2,104 2,313

51,778 1,051 5,201 13,292 2,032 697 2,694 2,809 1,180 1,171 1,520 4,928 4,164 1,449 2,432 2,332 2,191 2,635

54,180 991 5,376 13,874 2,365 751 2,689 3,132 1,301 1,193 1,639 4,972 4,159 1,456 2,532 2,317 2,139 3,294

56,292 961 5,489 14,330 2,658 780 2,714 3,440 1,410 1,247 1,785 5,021 4,388 1,575 2,651 2,372 2,042 3,429

58,033 1,018 5,615 14,208 2,710 794 2,748 3,829 1,566 1,263 1,699 5,094 4,791 1,707 2,839 2,378 2,028 3,746

58,344 850 5,562 14,280 2,810 845 2,295 4,174 1,702 1,241 1,712 5,026 5,071 1,670 2,710 2,540 1,958 3,898

57,749 878 5,275 14,611 3,005 833 2,213 4,207 1,632 1,234 1,741 4,912 4,918 1,656 2,663 2,377 1,808 3,786

56,705 856 5,102 14,646 2,896 748 2,082 4,300 1,640 1,161 1,776 4,805 4,604 1,674 2,597 2,298 1,627 3,893

56,695 785 5,148 14,277 3,514 737 2,042 4,379 1,670 1,168 1,727 4,773 4,486 1,580 2,730 2,151 1,586 3,942

56,959 749 5,101 13,989 3,704 710 1,974 4,637 1,704 1,145 1,783 4,815 4,508 1,580 2,757 2,083 1,523 4,197

56,282 795 4,966 13,407 3,615 751 1,904 4,820 1,762 1,104 1,712 4,814 4,413 1,531 2,963 2,015 1,445 4,265

57,639 735 4,917 13,352 3,817 877 1,921 4,911 1,888 1,170 1,841 4,798 4,429 1,637 3,140 1,967 1,411 4,828

61,132 951 5,213 14,031 4,071 953 1,973 5,375 1,967 1,191 1,909 5,179 4,539 1,613 3,233 2,076 1,349 5,509

22.3 -4.9 3.5 7.7 117.6 48.4 -27.8 110.4 73.2 1.5 35.6 6.3 8.8 19.1 37.4 -7.2 -35.9 138.2

Health fields .................................................

55,043

58,565

62,989

68,706

73,285

77,174

78,898

79,578

80,771

82,074

79,775

80,378

85,365

55.1

Medical fields............................................

10,950

11,707

12,594

14,233

15,065

15,538

15,363

15,470

16,643

17,276

16,407

17,363

19,124

74.6

Other health fields .................................... Dentistry ............................................... Nursing ................................................. Pharmaceutical sciences...................... Speech pathology/audiology................. Veterinary sciences .............................. Other health related..............................

44,093 956 21,194 2,889 8,354 900 9,800

46,858 1,016 22,012 2,968 8,945 894 11,023

50,395 1,121 23,213 2,792 9,791 942 12,536

54,473 1,228 24,781 2,859 10,740 924 13,941

58,220 1,298 26,997 2,887 11,356 922 14,760

61,636 1,338 28,405 2,808 11,982 975 16,128

63,535 1,388 27,388 2,846 12,857 997 18,059

64,108 1,491 26,861 2,710 13,212 1,224 18,610

64,128 1,518 25,591 2,882 13,198 1,288 19,651

64,798 1,467 25,074 3,422 13,600 1,314 19,921

63,368 1,430 23,457 3,611 13,636 1,367 19,867

63,015 1,494 23,609 3,679 13,193 1,476 19,564

66,241 1,446 24,715 4,586 13,368 1,691 20,435

50.2 51.3 16.6 58.7 60.0 87.9 108.5

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

356 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 212. Graduate enrollment in science and engineering programs in degree-granting institutions, by field of study: United States and other jurisdictions, fall 1990 through fall 2002—Continued

Field of engineering or science 1

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

Percent change, 1990 to 2002

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Psychology....................................................... Psychology, general ..................................... Clinical psychology....................................... Other psychology .........................................

48,167 20,108 9,916 18,143

51,343 19,555 10,834 20,954

53,484 18,802 12,090 22,592

54,557 18,962 12,526 23,069

54,554 18,356 12,684 23,514

53,641 12,519 17,647 23,475

53,122 12,787 16,833 23,502

53,126 13,098 17,249 22,779

52,557 12,733 17,098 22,726

51,727 12,798 16,238 22,691

50,466 12,488 15,624 22,354

50,467 12,488 15,837 22,142

51,335 12,421 15,159 23,755

6.6 -38.2 52.9 30.9

Social sciences ................................................ Agricultural economics ................................. Anthropology ................................................ Economics (except agricultural) ................... Geography.................................................... History and philosophy of science................ Linguistics .................................................... Political science............................................ Sociology...................................................... Sociology/anthropology ................................ Other social sciences...................................

77,948 2,273 6,479 12,326 3,530 331 3,404 30,582 7,801 1,164 10,058

80,742 2,364 6,731 12,707 3,760 337 3,425 31,707 8,393 899 10,419

85,766 2,522 7,123 13,252 4,102 360 3,277 33,797 9,011 979 11,343

88,770 2,415 7,361 13,214 4,378 369 3,321 35,076 9,425 935 12,276

89,107 2,289 7,665 12,913 4,502 387 3,279 34,317 9,498 987 13,270

89,435 2,338 7,693 12,673 4,371 401 3,194 34,298 9,564 941 13,962

88,635 2,117 7,773 12,080 4,331 409 3,156 33,252 9,425 923 15,169

86,085 2,043 7,560 11,097 4,287 443 3,068 32,083 9,413 948 15,143

84,053 1,995 7,577 10,701 4,326 508 2,935 30,828 9,058 857 15,268

84,984 2,014 7,633 10,562 4,250 557 2,799 31,372 8,966 741 16,090

83,327 2,079 7,626 10,748 4,036 532 2,674 31,131 8,652 745 15,104

85,682 2,161 7,491 11,408 4,304 571 2,744 31,805 8,812 808 15,578

90,278 2,187 7,522 12,009 4,432 663 2,875 34,907 8,946 719 16,018

15.8 -3.8 16.1 -2.6 25.6 100.3 -15.5 14.1 14.7 -38.2 59.3

NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Studies, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, 1990 through 2002. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 357 Enrollment _

Table 213. Number of institutions and enrollment in degree-granting institutions, by size, and by type and control of institution: Fall 2003 Enrollment size Type and control of institution 1

Total

Under 200

200 to 499

500 to 999

1,000 to 2,499

2,500 to 4,999

5,000 to 9,999

10,000 to 19,999

20,000 to 29,999

30,000 or more 11

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Number of institutions Total..........................................................

4,140

459

600

567

920

639

473

313

120

49

Doctoral, extensive1 .......................................... Doctoral, intensive2........................................... Master’s3 ........................................................... Baccalaureate4 ................................................. Specialized institutions5 .................................... Associate’s of arts ............................................

151 107 634 634 948 1,666

0 0 1 10 269 179

0 1 4 49 245 301

0 1 25 141 202 198

2 4 153 319 157 285

3 15 185 95 56 285

12 32 169 14 14 232

49 39 81 4 3 137

53 13 12 2 1 39

32 2 4 0 1 10

Public................................................................ Doctoral, extensive1 ...................................... Doctoral, intensive2 ....................................... Master’s3 ....................................................... Baccalaureate4 ............................................. Specialized institutions5 ................................ Art, music, or design ................................. Engineering or technology ........................ Medical or other health ............................. Other specialized ...................................... Associate’s of arts.........................................

1,699 102 63 276 103 85 2 8 30 45 1,070

18 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 2 2 14

69 0 0 0 1 9 0 1 5 3 59

91 0 0 2 12 14 1 0 2 11 63

331 0 2 19 40 31 1 3 14 13 239

389 1 2 55 33 21 0 4 7 10 277

377 0 14 116 12 3 0 0 0 3 232

268 25 32 70 3 1 0 0 0 1 137

111 47 11 11 2 1 0 0 0 1 39

45 29 2 3 0 1 0 0 0 1 10

Private .............................................................. Doctoral, extensive1 ...................................... Doctoral, intensive2 ....................................... Master’s3 ....................................................... Baccalaureate4 ............................................. Specialized institutions5 ................................ Art, music, or design ................................. Business and management ...................... Engineering or technology ........................ Medical or other health ............................. Theological................................................ Other specialized ...................................... Associate’s of arts.........................................

2,441 49 44 358 531 863 84 81 57 127 287 227 596

441 0 0 1 10 265 15 21 5 39 152 33 165

531 0 1 4 48 236 17 17 12 35 89 66 242

476 0 1 23 129 188 19 15 24 31 33 66 135

589 2 2 134 279 126 24 16 9 20 10 47 46

250 2 13 130 62 35 6 8 4 2 3 12 8

96 12 18 53 2 11 3 4 2 0 0 2 0

45 24 7 11 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0

9 6 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Enrollment of institutions Total..........................................................

16,900,471

53,403

204,752

412,092

1,537,817

2,271,677

3,315,540

4,302,615

2,915,204

1,887,371

Doctoral, extensive1 .......................................... Doctoral, intensive2........................................... Master’s3 ........................................................... Baccalaureate4 ................................................. Specialized institutions5 .................................... Associate’s of arts ............................................

3,390,413 1,239,719 3,742,340 1,131,491 903,590 6,492,918

0 0 54 1,373 29,853 22,123

0 283 1,528 17,734 82,736 102,471

0 917 19,524 107,327 142,009 142,315

4,185 7,169 279,736 516,318 245,213 485,196

13,898 55,163 670,198 315,008 187,094 1,030,316

91,760 240,382 1,198,386 86,402 97,374 1,601,236

720,253 547,995 1,107,546 43,265 36,962 1,846,594

1,321,149 313,472 293,583 44,064 23,859 919,077

1,239,168 74,338 171,785 0 58,490 343,590

Public................................................................ Doctoral, extensive1 ...................................... Doctoral, intensive2 ....................................... Master’s3 ....................................................... Baccalaureate4 ............................................. Specialized institutions5 ................................ Art, music, or design ................................. Engineering or technology ........................ Medical or other health ............................. Other specialized ...................................... Associate’s of arts.........................................

12,857,059 2,708,251 906,857 2,425,449 349,579 259,305 2,856 20,488 50,705 185,256 6,207,618

2,538 0 0 0 0 447 0 0 110 337 2,091

24,366 0 0 0 373 3,324 0 277 1,927 1,120 20,669

72,094 0 0 1,297 9,931 11,408 792 0 1,513 9,103 49,458

583,619 0 3,839 35,718 68,603 55,340 2,064 5,607 24,228 23,441 420,119

1,419,687 4,108 7,229 208,689 120,754 74,123 0 14,604 22,927 36,592 1,004,784

2,645,127 0 106,334 845,534 72,735 19,288 0 0 0 19,288 1,601,236

3,693,003 391,454 448,777 960,033 33,119 13,026 0 0 0 13,026 1,846,594

2,703,108 1,176,323 266,340 273,445 44,064 23,859 0 0 0 23,859 919,077

1,713,517 1,136,366 74,338 100,733 0 58,490 0 0 0 58,490 343,590

Private .............................................................. Doctoral, extensive1 ...................................... Doctoral, intensive2 ....................................... Master’s3 ....................................................... Baccalaureate4 ............................................. Specialized institutions5 ................................ Art, music, or design ................................. Business and management ...................... Engineering or technology ........................ Medical or other health ............................. Theological................................................ Other specialized ...................................... Associate’s of arts.........................................

4,043,412 682,162 332,862 1,316,891 781,912 644,285 98,247 95,041 75,528 71,270 93,212 210,987 285,300

50,865 0 0 54 1,373 29,406 1,859 1,885 508 4,480 16,776 3,898 20,032

180,386 0 283 1,528 17,361 79,412 5,694 6,359 4,469 11,471 27,038 24,381 81,802

339,998 0 917 18,227 97,396 130,601 13,274 10,263 16,577 20,936 24,065 45,486 92,857

954,198 4,185 3,330 244,018 447,715 189,873 37,221 24,065 14,092 29,180 15,876 69,439 65,077

851,990 9,790 47,934 461,509 194,254 112,971 20,870 27,200 12,363 5,203 9,457 37,878 25,532

670,413 91,760 134,048 352,852 13,667 78,086 19,329 25,269 14,719 0 0 18,769 0

609,612 328,799 99,218 147,513 10,146 23,936 0 0 12,800 0 0 11,136 0

212,096 144,826 47,132 20,138 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

173,854 102,802 0 71,052 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1

Doctoral, extensive institutions are committed to graduate education through the doctorate, and award 50 or more doctor’s degrees per year across at least 15 disciplines. 2 Doctoral, intensive institutions are committed to education through the doctorate, and award at least 10 doctor’s degrees per year across 3 or more disciplines or at least 20 doctor’s degrees overall. 3 Master’s institutions offer a full range of baccalaureate programs and are committed to education through the master’s degree. They award at least 20 master’s degrees per year.

4 Baccalaureate institutions primarily emphasize undergraduate education. 5Specialized 4-year institutions award degrees primarily in single fields of

study, such as medicine, business, fine arts, theology, or engineering. Also, includes some institutions that have 4-year programs, but have not reported sufficient data to identify program category. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004. (This table was prepared June 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

358 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

n em l l o r nTable E 214. Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003

Line number Institution 1

State Control1

2

3 6

4

Type2 5

Total Total Total Total enrollment, enrollment, enrollment, enrollment, fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2002 fall 2003 6

7

8

Enrollment, by sex, fall 2003 Male

Female

9

10

11

7,255,551

Enrollment, by attendance status, fall 2003 Full-time Part-time 12

13

9,644,920 10,311,814

6,588,657

i

United States, all institutions .................................................

†

†

† 13,818,637 15,312,289 16,611,711 16,900,471

ii

Colleges with enrollment over 15,000 ...........................................

†

†

† 5,489,764 5,900,125 6,456,130 6,518,946 2,934,116 3,584,830 4,082,538 2,436,408

1 2 3 4

Auburn University, Main Campus.................................................... Troy State University, Main Campus ............................................... University of Alabama..................................................................... University of Alabama at Birmingham.............................................

AL AL AL AL

1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1

21,537 5,024 19,794 15,356

21,860 12,541 19,277 14,951

23,276 16,513 19,584 15,579

23,152 17,613 20,290 16,357

11,884 8,360 9,334 6,635

11,268 9,253 10,956 9,722

20,068 9,688 17,054 10,914

3,084 7,925 3,236 5,443

5

University of Alaska, Anchorage .....................................................

AK

1

1

17,490

14,794

15,843

16,607

6,304

10,303

6,843

9,764

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Arizona State University, Main Campus.......................................... Glendale Community College ......................................................... Mesa Community College............................................................... Northern Arizona University............................................................ Pima Community College ............................................................... University of Arizona....................................................................... University of Phoenix, Online Campus ...........................................

AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ AZ

1 1 1 1 1 1 3

1 2 2 1 2 1 1

42,936 18,512 19,818 16,992 28,766 35,729 †

44,126 20,091 22,821 19,964 28,078 34,488 14,783

47,359 20,399 25,005 19,907 31,135 36,847 48,085

48,901 20,692 26,138 18,820 31,216 37,083 71,052

23,541 8,967 12,240 7,015 13,313 17,547 29,914

25,360 11,725 13,898 11,805 17,903 19,536 41,138

36,982 6,071 8,287 12,739 9,405 30,149 71,052

11,919 14,621 17,851 6,081 21,811 6,934 0

13

University of Arkansas, Main Campus............................................

AR

1

1

14,732

15,346

15,995

16,405

8,373

8,032

12,622

3,783

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

American River College .................................................................. California Polytechnic State U., San Luis Obispo ........................... California State Polytechnic U., Pomona ........................................ California State University, Chico.................................................... California State University, Fresno .................................................. California State University, Fullerton............................................... California State University, Long Beach.......................................... California State University, Los Angeles ......................................... California State University, Northridge............................................ California State University, Sacramento.......................................... California State University, San Bernardino.................................... Cerritos College .............................................................................. Chaffey Community College ........................................................... City College of San Francisco......................................................... De Anza College............................................................................. Diablo Valley College ...................................................................... East Los Angeles College............................................................... El Camino College .......................................................................... Foothill College ............................................................................... Fresno City College ........................................................................ Fullerton College ............................................................................ Grossmont College ......................................................................... Long Beach City College ................................................................ Los Angeles City College................................................................ Los Angeles Pierce College............................................................ Los Angeles Valley College ............................................................ Modesto Junior College .................................................................. Mount San Antonio College ............................................................ National University.......................................................................... Orange Coast College .................................................................... Palomar College ............................................................................. Pasadena City College ................................................................... Rio Hondo College.......................................................................... Riverside Community College......................................................... Sacramento City College ................................................................ San Diego City College................................................................... San Diego Mesa College ................................................................ San Diego State University ............................................................. San Francisco State University ....................................................... San Joaquin Delta College ............................................................. San Jose State University............................................................... Santa Ana College.......................................................................... Santa Barbara City College ............................................................ Santa Monica College..................................................................... Santa Rosa Junior College ............................................................. Sierra College ................................................................................. Southwestern College.....................................................................

CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2

18,716 17,751 19,468 16,633 19,960 25,592 33,987 21,597 31,167 26,336 11,923 15,886 10,985 24,408 21,948 20,255 12,447 25,789 12,811 14,710 17,548 15,357 18,378 14,479 16,970 16,457 11,300 20,563 8,836 22,365 16,707 19,581 12,048 15,683 14,474 13,737 23,410 35,493 29,343 14,792 30,334 20,532 11,031 18,108 20,475 11,637 13,010

28,420 16,877 18,424 15,912 19,056 28,381 30,918 19,593 29,066 25,714 14,909 24,536 15,220 39,386 22,770 21,581 27,199 24,067 14,193 19,351 19,993 16,309 20,926 15,174 16,111 17,393 15,158 28,329 16,848 23,315 21,062 22,948 19,506 22,107 20,878 27,165 21,233 31,609 26,826 16,973 26,698 27,571 13,834 27,868 27,020 17,517 17,994

31,743 18,453 19,821 16,246 21,272 32,143 34,566 21,099 33,579 28,558 16,341 24,081 18,480 42,975 24,372 22,141 27,372 27,876 16,515 22,812 20,923 18,379 25,142 25,744 18,483 18,761 18,483 30,974 17,865 25,628 25,566 25,798 18,529 33,792 23,682 15,925 24,148 34,304 28,378 17,800 30,350 30,346 19,719 29,691 27,227 19,380 19,405

26,513 18,303 19,804 15,516 22,342 32,592 34,715 20,637 33,426 28,375 16,927 23,129 17,435 42,043 25,081 21,116 22,284 25,563 18,006 21,755 18,720 17,827 23,877 15,877 17,720 17,027 17,291 26,440 17,064 22,520 23,691 27,876 16,795 29,664 19,232 15,120 22,548 32,803 29,686 17,131 28,932 23,329 15,206 23,401 25,137 18,105 18,716

12,802 10,130 10,969 6,968 9,167 12,782 13,672 7,636 13,171 11,525 5,812 9,880 6,656 17,900 11,935 9,759 9,011 11,545 8,796 10,349 8,814 7,325 11,556 6,828 7,478 6,862 6,959 11,485 6,597 11,115 11,917 12,192 8,831 12,575 7,777 6,962 10,357 13,575 11,579 6,979 13,158 12,753 7,338 10,290 10,662 7,909 8,304

13,711 8,173 8,835 8,548 13,175 19,810 21,043 13,001 20,255 16,850 11,115 13,249 10,779 24,143 13,146 11,357 13,273 14,018 9,210 11,406 9,906 10,502 12,321 9,049 10,242 10,165 10,332 14,955 10,467 11,405 11,774 15,684 7,964 17,089 11,455 8,158 12,191 19,228 18,107 10,152 15,774 10,576 7,868 13,111 14,475 10,196 10,412

7,551 17,105 15,343 13,643 16,390 21,046 24,393 12,886 22,680 20,205 11,853 6,226 5,341 8,422 9,559 7,509 5,892 7,649 4,549 7,237 7,605 7,165 6,491 5,302 5,225 4,830 5,998 7,971 10,690 9,046 7,632 8,252 4,520 8,088 6,261 3,182 6,253 24,388 20,667 6,668 18,690 4,644 6,072 7,812 7,791 6,112 6,367

18,962 1,198 4,461 1,873 5,952 11,546 10,322 7,751 10,746 8,170 5,074 16,903 12,094 33,621 15,522 13,607 16,392 17,914 13,457 14,518 11,115 10,662 17,386 10,575 12,495 12,197 11,293 18,469 6,374 13,474 16,059 19,624 12,275 21,576 12,971 11,938 16,295 8,415 9,019 10,463 10,242 18,685 9,134 15,589 17,346 11,993 12,349

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 359 Enrollment

Table 214. Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003—Continued Enrollment, by level, fall 2003 Percent minority enrollment, 20033

UnderPostgraduate baccalaureate Associate’s

14

15

29.8

14,473,884

32.5 10.5 41.4 15.4 31.6

5,364,204 19,251 11,264 15,888 11,046

21.9

15,810

22.7 32.9 26.9 21.3 41.7 24.5 25.7 12.5 35.2 25.9 66.8 20.8 51.7 55.6 55.7 79.1 55.0 43.5 53.0 83.7 64.0 71.1 63.1 39.3 92.5 72.0 45.6 63.2 54.0 35.7 62.4 71.2 53.5 62.9 45.9 72.6 37.8 45.5 36.1 76.8 81.6 55.6 59.2 62.5 48.8 42.8 55.7 58.1 50.7 70.9 33.5 52.9 22.5 16.5 83.2

First Master’s professional

18

2,426,587

665,301

1,399,542

558,940

83,041

48,378

1,154,742 3,901 6,349 4,402 5,311

143,470 † 299 † †

633,780 3,917 1,309 3,024 1,575

258,733 788 2,603 1,072 1,121

32,754 148 † 172 257

31,904 161 † 158 111

1,373,506 † † † †

101,336,842 520,964 96,776 381,449 1,431,465

25,314,655 † † † †

797

594

785

241

†

†

†

175,030

38,627 20,692 26,138 13,011 31,216 28,482 45,183

10,274 † † 5,809 † 8,601 25,869

† 854 1,479 † 1,742 † 386

7,046 † † 2,931 † 5,303 4,234

2,440 † † 2,059 † 1,478 6,572

169 † † † † 304 †

355 † † 75 † 398 54

† † † † † † †

13,083

3,322

†

2,194

833

118

110

† 1,008 2,154 1,613 3,634 5,521 6,377 5,910 7,361 5,543 4,630 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 13,033 † † † † † † † † 5,942 6,888 † 7,536 † † † † † †

1,268 † † † † † † † † † † 1,154 1,138 1,128 1,260 406 1,208 1,179 695 1,102 1,050 1,128 866 744 980 818 1,213 1,332 14 1,320 1,191 1,827 645 1,938 796 660 1,140 † † 1,464 † 1,344 1,184 1,311 1,113 2,162 1,021

† 4,677 3,200 3,128 2,922 5,636 5,194 2,638 4,944 4,557 2,531 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 1,186 † † † † † † † † 6,019 4,574 † 3,854 † † † † † †

19

† 534 329 365 563 1,242 1,128 980 1,048 963 795 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 3,308 † † † † † † † † 1,686 1,714 † 2,066 † † † † † †

20

Total Total Current-fund expenses and expenses and expenditures, deductions, deductions, public public private 5 Doctor’s institutions institutions institutions

17

26,513 17,295 17,650 13,903 18,708 27,071 28,338 14,727 26,065 22,832 12,297 23,129 17,435 42,043 25,081 21,116 22,284 25,563 18,006 21,755 18,720 17,827 23,877 15,877 17,720 17,027 17,291 26,440 4,031 22,520 23,691 27,876 16,795 29,664 19,232 15,120 22,548 26,861 22,798 17,131 21,396 23,329 15,206 23,401 25,137 18,105 18,716

16

Bachelor’s

Full-time-equivalent enrollment

Financial statistics, 2002–03, in thousands4

Earned degrees conferred, 2003–04

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

21

† † † † 2 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 50 17 † † † † † † † †

22

Line Fall 2003 number

24

25

26

$5,751,263 $183,918,707 $105,870,524

12,331,319

12,674,309

i

4,858,242 21,237 11,981 17,681 12,353

4,960,850 21,272 12,716 18,303 13,022

ii 1 2 3 4

†

10,228

10,759

5

728,443 58,324 76,689 257,712 120,531 1,030,959 †

† † † † † † 278,124

40,086 10,612 13,518 15,750 16,341 32,343 48,085

41,617 10,980 14,280 15,032 16,728 32,835 71,052

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

†

443,247

†

13,741

14,077

13

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 121,913 † † †

( 7)

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 102,224 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

17,969 17,699 16,884 14,954 17,824 25,410 28,252 15,848 26,739 23,255 13,104 12,094 9,853 19,182 14,348 12,386 12,825 14,332 8,664 13,042 12,217 11,008 13,131 12,607 9,621 9,634 10,135 16,045 13,529 15,017 13,678 14,225 9,146 16,949 14,706 7,541 12,422 28,863 22,803 10,318 23,700 13,363 10,362 16,497 14,033 10,438 10,712

13,917 17,574 17,083 14,376 18,723 25,572 28,401 15,862 26,827 23,391 13,787 11,901 9,401 19,710 14,770 12,077 11,395 13,663 9,067 12,111 11,337 10,745 12,328 8,852 9,420 8,925 9,789 14,172 13,148 13,570 13,024 14,841 8,641 15,332 10,616 7,190 11,724 27,662 24,179 10,181 22,644 10,917 9,139 13,046 13,615 10,138 10,513

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

23

Fall 2002

226,683 197,120 164,223 215,473 260,600 287,652 196,072 249,109 269,020 149,567 84,816 72,258 210,971 ( 7) 99,405 79,751 109,083 87,968 80,695 ( 7) ( 7) 125,866 81,201 67,565 70,392 ( 7) 124,581 † ( 7) 97,086 105,779 65,276 121,303 ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) 353,280 315,217 85,716 256,434 ( 7) 80,149 † 118,378 64,554 82,335

27

360 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

n em l l o r nTable E 214. Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003—Continued

Line number Institution 1

State Control1

2

Type2

Total Total Total Total enrollment, enrollment, enrollment, enrollment, fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2002 fall 2003

Enrollment, by sex, fall 2003 Male

Female

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Enrollment, by attendance status, fall 2003 Full-time Part-time 12

13

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69

Stanford University.......................................................................... University of California, Berkeley .................................................... University of California, Davis ......................................................... University of California, Irvine ......................................................... University of California, Los Angeles .............................................. University of California, Riverside ................................................... University of California, San Diego ................................................. University of California, Santa Barbara........................................... University of Southern California ....................................................

CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA CA

2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

14,724 30,634 23,890 16,808 36,420 8,708 17,790 18,385 28,374

18,549 31,277 26,094 20,211 36,890 13,015 20,197 19,962 29,194

18,297 33,145 29,087 23,779 37,599 15,934 23,528 20,559 30,682

17,824 33,065 29,402 24,273 37,055 17,296 24,105 20,847 31,606

10,300 15,957 13,187 12,374 17,139 8,020 11,984 9,770 16,319

7,524 17,108 16,215 11,899 19,916 9,276 12,121 11,077 15,287

12,559 30,523 26,476 23,032 35,556 15,848 23,063 20,039 26,977

5,265 2,542 2,926 1,241 1,499 1,448 1,042 808 4,629

70 71 72 73 74

Colorado State University ............................................................... Front Range Community College.................................................... Metropolitan State College of Denver ............................................. University of Colorado at Boulder ................................................... University of Colorado at Denver ....................................................

CO CO CO CO CO

1 1 1 1 1

1 2 1 1 1

26,828 9,706 17,400 28,600 11,512

26,807 12,962 17,688 29,352 13,737

29,255 14,599 19,413 31,415 15,596

28,186 15,301 20,261 32,423 15,746

13,607 6,171 8,873 17,059 6,646

14,579 9,130 11,388 15,364 9,100

21,848 5,154 11,772 26,101 6,778

6,338 10,147 8,489 6,322 8,968

75

University of Connecticut ................................................................

CT

1

1

25,497

19,393

21,427

22,053

10,459

11,594

18,328

3,725

76

University of Delaware ....................................................................

DE

1

1

20,818

19,072

21,289

21,121

9,157

11,964

17,773

3,348

77 78

George Washington University ....................................................... Strayer University, Washington Campus .........................................

DC DC

2 3

1 1

19,103 2,916

20,527 1,425

23,019 16,456

23,417 20,138

10,481 8,370

12,936 11,768

14,972 5,056

8,445 15,082

79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93

Broward Community College .......................................................... Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton........................................... Florida Community College at Jacksonville .................................... Florida International University ....................................................... Florida State University................................................................... Hillsborough Community College ................................................... Miami-Dade Community College .................................................... Nova Southeastern University ........................................................ Palm Beach Community College .................................................... Saint Petersburg College ................................................................ University of Central Florida............................................................ University of Florida ........................................................................ University of Miami.......................................................................... University of South Florida.............................................................. Valencia Community College..........................................................

FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL FL

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1

2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2

24,365 12,767 20,974 22,466 28,170 19,134 50,078 9,562 18,392 20,012 21,541 35,477 13,841 32,326 18,438

27,389 21,046 20,838 31,945 33,971 18,497 46,834 18,587 17,326 19,900 33,713 45,114 13,963 35,561 27,565

30,496 23,705 23,611 33,349 36,210 20,654 54,926 21,619 22,163 22,824 38,501 47,373 14,978 38,854 29,515

32,030 24,932 25,692 33,228 36,884 22,006 58,490 23,522 22,660 23,859 41,535 47,858 15,235 40,945 29,269

12,007 9,674 9,640 14,111 16,079 8,918 22,294 7,198 8,346 9,139 18,546 22,830 6,780 16,436 12,326

20,023 15,258 16,052 19,117 20,805 13,088 36,196 16,324 14,314 14,720 22,989 25,028 8,455 24,509 16,943

9,813 12,298 7,665 18,944 30,715 7,006 21,009 10,091 6,668 8,100 28,600 42,042 13,524 25,243 11,075

22,217 12,634 18,027 14,284 6,169 15,000 37,481 13,431 15,992 15,759 12,935 5,816 1,711 15,702 18,194

94 95 96 97 98 99

Georgia Institute of Technology, Main Campus............................... Georgia Perimeter College ............................................................. Georgia Southern University........................................................... Georgia State University ................................................................. Kennesaw State University ............................................................. University of Georgia ......................................................................

GA GA GA GA GA GA

1 1 1 1 1 1

1 2 1 1 1 1

12,241 13,944 12,249 23,336 10,018 28,395

14,805 13,708 14,184 23,625 13,360 31,288

16,481 17,573 15,075 27,462 15,650 32,941

16,643 18,986 15,704 28,042 17,477 33,878

12,147 7,024 7,396 11,118 6,653 14,312

4,496 11,962 8,308 16,924 10,824 19,566

14,958 8,548 12,839 17,676 10,577 28,943

1,685 10,438 2,865 10,366 6,900 4,935

100

University of Hawaii at Manoa ........................................................

HI

1

1

18,799

17,263

18,696

19,862

8,562

11,300

14,536

5,326

101

Boise State University.....................................................................

ID

1

1

13,367

16,287

17,637

18,332

8,377

9,955

10,939

7,393

102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114

City Colleges of Chicago, Harry S Truman College ........................ College of DuPage.......................................................................... College of Lake County .................................................................. DePaul University ........................................................................... Illinois State University.................................................................... Moraine Valley Community College ................................................ Northern Illinois University.............................................................. Northwestern University ................................................................. Southern Illinois University, Carbondale ......................................... Southwestern Illinois College.......................................................... Triton College.................................................................................. University of Illinois at Chicago....................................................... University of Illinois at Urbana, Champaign ....................................

IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL IL

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1

16,460 29,185 13,526 15,711 22,662 13,601 24,509 17,041 24,078 14,180 16,759 24,959 38,163

15,466 28,862 14,441 20,548 20,755 12,972 23,248 16,952 22,552 13,351 16,927 24,942 38,465

15,280 30,235 15,457 23,227 21,183 14,480 24,948 17,528 21,873 13,633 14,864 26,138 39,999

15,415 30,378 15,822 23,610 20,860 15,780 25,260 17,625 21,387 15,113 15,023 25,764 40,458

6,996 12,981 6,719 10,539 8,656 6,528 11,395 9,039 11,614 6,521 6,650 11,409 21,540

8,419 17,397 9,103 13,071 12,204 9,252 13,865 8,586 9,773 8,592 8,373 14,355 18,918

2,138 10,322 4,099 15,869 17,954 6,230 18,751 14,307 17,061 5,109 3,624 20,748 36,879

13,277 20,056 11,723 7,741 2,906 9,550 6,509 3,318 4,326 10,004 11,399 5,016 3,579

115 116 117 118

Ball State University........................................................................ Indiana University, Bloomington...................................................... Indiana University-Purdue U., Indianapolis..................................... Purdue University, Main Campus....................................................

IN IN IN IN

1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1

20,343 35,451 27,517 37,588

19,004 37,076 27,525 39,667

19,411 38,903 29,025 40,117

20,490 38,589 29,860 40,376

9,393 18,494 12,545 24,058

11,097 20,095 17,315 16,318

17,385 33,852 16,835 35,345

3,105 4,737 13,025 5,031

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 361 Enrollment

Table 214. Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003—Continued Enrollment, by level, fall 2003 Percent minority enrollment, 20033

UnderPostgraduate baccalaureate Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Full-time-equivalent enrollment

Financial statistics, 2002–03, in thousands4

Earned degrees conferred, 2003–04

First Master’s professional

Total Total Current-fund expenses and expenses and expenditures, deductions, deductions, public public private 5 Doctor’s institutions institutions institutions

Fall 2002

Line Fall 2003 number

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

32.9 53.2 48.0 63.8 53.7 68.9 52.2 36.0 39.7

7,054 23,206 23,472 19,967 25,715 15,282 19,872 17,844 16,381

10,770 9,859 5,930 4,306 11,340 2,014 4,233 3,003 15,225

† † † † † † † † †

1,713 6,650 5,608 4,633 7,026 2,893 4,131 4,564 4,344

2,022 1,896 810 907 2,488 360 784 618 3,668

266 394 395 95 585 † 100 † 696

625 775 375 187 666 141 327 253 573

† † † † † † † † †

† 1,398,737 1,964,981 1,147,699 3,091,280 366,644 1,709,679 561,861 †

2,265,730 † † † † † † † 1,516,995

14,826 31,457 27,319 23,054 36,670 15,133 22,884 20,074 28,020

14,599 31,498 27,641 23,513 36,146 16,429 23,476 20,358 28,753

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69

11.9 16.9 24.7 14.3 22.1

21,815 15,301 20,261 26,375 8,994

6,371 † † 6,048 6,752

† 911 † † †

3,964 † 2,182 5,196 1,387

1,011 † † 1,062 1,556

126 † † 157 †

160 † † 286 33

† † † † †

592,814 57,185 95,822 689,375 115,435

† † † † †

24,422 7,986 14,545 27,399 10,055

24,251 8,561 15,198 28,488 10,194

70 71 72 73 74

16.6

15,184

6,869

11

3,673

1,129

253

257

†

668,549

†

18,961

19,758

75

514,104

†

19,100

19,086

76

8

12.3

17,820

3,301

10

3,392

664

†

177

†

24.8 58.3

10,436 15,972

12,981 4,166

135 497

1,993 1,787

3,196 978

623 †

252 †

† †

† †

639,937 94,125

17,865 4,742

18,266 10,959

77 78

53.7 34.8 33.8 72.4 24.1 41.4 87.2 48.6 39.5 19.9 25.5 25.4 39.0 28.3 41.9

32,030 20,534 25,692 27,269 29,630 22,006 58,490 5,223 22,660 23,859 34,456 33,982 9,996 32,127 29,269

† 4,398 † 5,959 7,254 † † 18,299 † † 7,079 13,876 5,239 8,818 †

3,305 212 2,875 † 140 1,987 5,450 10 2,091 2,469 226 415 † 248 3,850

† 3,900 † 4,865 6,578 † 0 976 † 123 7,189 8,574 2,155 5,449 †

† 1,047 † 1,883 1,536 † † 3,585 † † 1,804 2,961 1,183 2,042 †

† † † † 208 † † 835 † † † 964 523 89 †

† 51 † 78 271 † † 705 † † 132 694 159 179 †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

137,688 308,087 118,141 389,710 602,943 76,698 262,007 † 83,684 117,940 417,314 1,369,460 † 715,162 120,245

† † † † † † † 322,406 † † † † 1,149,000 † †

16,693 16,525 12,738 24,283 32,345 11,136 33,767 14,237 11,844 13,426 31,061 43,394 13,923 29,356 17,316

17,272 17,275 13,717 24,568 33,101 12,042 36,134 15,278 12,037 14,459 33,640 44,382 14,202 31,362 17,183

79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93

21.4 47.9 26.5 41.6 15.9 11.1

11,257 18,986 13,696 20,177 15,581 25,415

5,386 † 2,008 7,865 1,896 8,463

† 1,316 † † † †

2,594 † 2,033 3,061 1,801 5,769

1,393 † 488 2,073 705 1,528

† † † 208 † 429

311 † 23 113 † 404

† † † † † †

754,824 85,696 147,683 374,962 119,799 925,760

† † † † † †

15,347 11,215 13,418 21,211 11,739 29,945

15,605 12,052 13,936 21,748 13,304 30,840

94 95 96 97 98 99

63.6

13,753

6,109

†

2,584

1,040

143

116

†

599,498

†

15,609

16,563

100

10.7

16,551

1,781

179

1,308

233

†

4

†

177,454

†

13,154

13,868

101

78.7 29.2 34.3 29.7 10.3 18.6 22.8 24.9 18.4 22.6 44.5 44.2 23.2

15,415 30,378 15,822 14,585 18,097 15,780 18,275 9,360 16,366 15,113 15,023 16,012 29,226

† † † 9,025 2,763 † 6,985 8,265 5,021 † † 9,752 11,232

197 1,783 823 † † 1,121 † † 76 1,096 665 † †

† † † 2,615 4,148 † 3,658 1,999 4,328 † † 3,262 6,763

† † † 2,299 678 † 1,519 2,616 928 † † 1,879 2,756

† † † 288 † † 96 394 174 † † 515 308

† † † 18 43 † 90 367 124 † † 233 574

† † † † † † † † † † † † †

28,642 136,205 76,543 † 298,349 60,122 357,596 † 459,073 53,825 53,215 1,515,159 1,458,178

† † † 338,177 † † † 958,882 † † † † †

6,477 16,634 7,733 18,491 19,256 8,631 20,823 15,404 19,099 7,667 7,396 23,028 37,735

6,596 17,056 8,035 18,909 19,059 9,436 21,186 15,592 18,697 8,468 7,451 22,648 38,229

102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114

7.5 9.5 14.1 10.3

17,660 30,319 21,388 32,377

2,830 8,270 8,472 7,999

316 78 647 782

3,251 6,172 2,527 6,242

930 1,680 1,325 1,583

† 272 605 216

67 375 35 446

† † † †

297,396 839,268 829,785 999,166

† † † †

17,392 35,604 21,227 36,991

18,565 35,667 21,955 37,287

115 116 117 118

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

362 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

n em l l o r nTable E 214. Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003—Continued

Line number Institution 1

State Control1

2

Type2

Total Total Total Total enrollment, enrollment, enrollment, enrollment, fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2002 fall 2003

Enrollment, by sex, fall 2003 Male

Female

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Enrollment, by attendance status, fall 2003 Full-time Part-time 12

13

119 120 121

Iowa State University ...................................................................... Kirkwood Community College......................................................... University of Iowa............................................................................

IA IA IA

1 1 1

1 2 1

25,737 8,623 28,785

26,845 11,645 28,311

27,898 13,949 29,697

27,380 15,030 29,745

15,454 6,892 13,896

11,926 8,138 15,849

23,783 8,317 23,818

3,597 6,713 5,927

122 123 124

Johnson County Community College ............................................. Kansas State University.................................................................. University of Kansas, Main Campus ...............................................

KS KS KS

1 1 1

2 1 1

13,740 21,137 26,434

16,383 21,929 25,920

18,011 22,762 26,458

18,432 23,050 26,814

8,191 11,607 12,840

10,241 11,443 13,974

6,143 18,065 21,066

12,289 4,985 5,748

125 126 127 128

Eastern Kentucky University ........................................................... University of Kentucky..................................................................... University of Louisville .................................................................... Western Kentucky University ..........................................................

KY KY KY KY

1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1

15,290 22,538 22,979 15,170

13,285 23,114 19,771 15,481

14,695 24,985 20,416 17,811

15,951 25,397 20,605 18,380

6,017 11,921 9,455 7,277

9,934 13,476 11,150 11,103

10,944 20,765 14,095 13,753

5,007 4,632 6,510 4,627

129 130 131 132 133

Delgado Community College .......................................................... Louisiana State U. & A&M & Hebert Laws Center.......................... Southeastern Louisiana University ................................................. University of Louisiana at Lafayette ................................................ University of New Orleans ..............................................................

LA LA LA LA LA

1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 1

11,614 26,112 10,262 15,764 15,322

12,784 31,527 14,525 15,742 16,218

15,121 32,228 15,175 16,006 17,320

16,501 31,934 15,656 16,208 17,360

4,909 15,148 5,608 6,903 7,469

11,592 16,786 10,048 9,305 9,891

7,375 27,836 11,949 12,851 11,203

9,126 4,098 3,707 3,357 6,157

134 135 136 137 138 139

Community College of Baltimore County........................................ Johns Hopkins University................................................................ Montgomery College ...................................................................... Towson University ........................................................................... University of Maryland, College Park.............................................. University of Maryland, University College .....................................

MD MD MD MD MD MD

1 2 1 1 1 1

2 1 2 1 1 1

— 13,363 14,361 15,035 34,829 14,476

18,168 17,774 20,923 16,729 33,189 18,276

19,676 17,989 21,805 17,481 34,801 24,030

20,025 18,820 21,671 17,188 35,329 25,857

7,347 9,255 9,457 6,277 17,994 11,507

12,678 9,565 12,214 10,911 17,335 14,350

7,030 10,064 7,817 12,855 29,519 2,819

12,995 8,756 13,854 4,333 5,810 23,038

140 141 142 143

Boston University............................................................................ Harvard University .......................................................................... Northeastern University .................................................................. University of Massachusetts, Amherst............................................

MA MA MA MA

2 2 2 1

1 1 1 1

27,996 22,851 30,510 26,025

28,318 24,279 23,897 24,416

28,982 24,969 23,357 24,062

29,049 24,851 22,944 24,310

12,695 12,687 11,284 12,020

16,354 12,164 11,660 12,290

24,023 18,981 17,317 19,629

5,026 5,870 5,627 4,681

144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154

Central Michigan University ............................................................ Eastern Michigan University ........................................................... Grand Valley State University ......................................................... Lansing Community College........................................................... Macomb Community College.......................................................... Michigan State University ............................................................... Oakland Community College .......................................................... Oakland University.......................................................................... University of Michigan, Ann Arbor................................................... Wayne State University................................................................... Western Michigan University ..........................................................

MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI MI

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1

18,286 25,011 11,725 22,343 31,538 44,307 28,069 12,400 36,391 33,872 26,989

26,845 23,561 18,569 16,011 22,001 43,366 23,188 15,235 38,103 30,408 28,657

27,919 24,532 20,407 18,302 22,142 44,937 23,713 16,059 38,972 31,167 29,732

27,758 24,419 21,429 18,575 22,245 44,542 24,145 16,575 39,031 32,208 29,178

11,206 9,411 8,311 8,124 10,415 20,393 9,973 6,237 20,126 13,201 13,732

16,552 15,008 13,118 10,451 11,830 24,149 14,172 10,338 18,905 19,007 15,446

19,207 14,646 15,743 5,836 6,270 37,961 7,212 10,387 35,888 16,969 21,215

8,551 9,773 5,686 12,739 15,975 6,581 16,933 6,188 3,143 15,239 7,963

155 156

Saint Cloud State University ........................................................... University of Minnesota, Twin Cities ...............................................

MN MN

1 1

1 1

17,075 57,168

15,181 45,481

16,224 48,677

16,133 49,474

7,112 23,373

9,021 26,101

12,463 35,071

3,670 14,403

157 158

Mississippi State University ............................................................ University of Southern Mississippi ..................................................

MS MS

1 1

1 1

14,391 13,490

16,561 14,509

16,610 15,267

16,173 15,050

8,400 5,958

7,773 9,092

12,900 11,274

3,273 3,776

159 160 161 162

Southwest Missouri State University............................................... University of Missouri, Columbia .................................................... University of Missouri, St. Louis...................................................... Webster University..........................................................................

MO MO MO MO

1 1 1 2

1 1 1 1

19,480 25,058 15,393 8,745

17,703 23,309 15,397 13,783

18,718 26,124 15,658 17,249

18,930 26,805 15,599 18,740

8,079 12,756 5,959 8,001

10,851 14,049 9,640 10,739

13,503 22,655 6,382 6,908

5,427 4,150 9,217 11,832

163

University of Nebraska at Lincoln ...................................................

NE

1

1

24,453

22,268

22,988

22,559

11,658

10,901

18,810

3,749

164 165 166

Community College of Southern Nevada........................................ University of Nevada, Las Vegas .................................................... University of Nevada, Reno ............................................................

NV NV NV

1 1 1

2 1 1

14,161 17,937 11,487

29,905 22,041 13,149

32,136 24,679 15,093

34,204 26,161 15,534

14,796 11,460 6,890

19,408 14,701 8,644

7,850 14,883 10,813

26,354 11,278 4,721

167

University of New Hampshire, Main Campus .................................

NH

1

1

13,260

14,689

15,407

15,586

6,570

9,016

12,127

3,459

168 169

Montclair State University ............................................................... Rutgers University, New Brunswick.................................................

NJ NJ

1 1

1 1

13,067 33,016

13,502 35,236

14,673 35,886

15,204 35,318

5,472 15,976

9,732 19,342

9,773 28,744

5,431 6,574

170 171 172

Albuquerque Technical Vocational Institute..................................... New Mexico State University, Main Campus................................... University of New Mexico, Main Campus........................................

NM NM NM

1 1 1

2 1 1

9,739 14,812 23,950

17,265 14,958 23,670

20,018 15,243 24,593

22,077 16,174 25,686

9,150 7,231 10,918

12,927 8,943 14,768

6,591 12,169 17,576

15,486 4,005 8,110

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 363 Enrollment

Table 214. Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003—Continued Enrollment, by level, fall 2003 Percent minority enrollment, 20033

UnderPostgraduate baccalaureate Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Full-time-equivalent enrollment

Financial statistics, 2002–03, in thousands4

Earned degrees conferred, 2003–04

First Master’s professional

Total Total Current-fund expenses and expenses and expenditures, deductions, deductions, public public private 5 Doctor’s institutions institutions institutions

Fall 2002

Line Fall 2003 number

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

8.1 8.0 9.2

22,230 15,030 20,233

5,150 † 9,512

† 1,776 †

4,523 † 4,015

818 † 1,358

† † 547

228 † 300

† † †

708,191 77,835 1,485,456

† † †

25,693 9,712 25,938

25,150 10,571 26,102

119 120 121

13.5 7.1 11.1

18,432 19,083 20,447

† 3,967 6,367

1,032 101 †

† 3,371 3,675

† 713 1,326

† 107 318

† 146 239

† † †

123,249 423,454 510,725

† † †

9,984 19,938 23,139

10,269 19,986 23,261

122 123 124

6.3 8.5 16.6 9.8

13,567 18,108 14,707 15,787

2,384 7,289 5,898 2,593

241 † 45 315

1,678 3,373 1,890 2,116

612 1,242 1,165 761

† 372 330 †

† 233 106 †

† † † †

172,812 1,217,227 512,193 165,000

† † † †

11,558 22,097 16,212 14,852

12,885 22,525 16,637 15,547

125 126 127 128

53.0 15.1 17.5 21.0 36.1

16,501 26,156 13,627 14,585 13,338

† 5,778 2,029 1,623 4,022

1,124 † 102 16 †

† 4,312 1,586 2,021 1,727

† 1,072 323 364 867

† 299 † † †

† 240 † 29 79

† † † † 171,619

54,838 656,163 107,336 139,912 †

† † † † †

9,746 29,541 13,171 13,971 13,410

10,439 29,426 13,383 14,172 13,586

129 130 131 132 133

35.8 21.8 52.1 17.2 29.6 46.5

20,025 5,723 21,671 13,981 25,446 18,133

† 13,097 † 3,207 9,883 7,724

1,357 † 1,390 † † 107

† 1,288 † 2,740 5,959 2,405

† 3,563 † 777 1,990 1,362

† 115 † † 31 †

† 362 † 2 482 6

† † † † † †

121,706 † 154,588 211,738 1,068,108 174,612

† 2,485,895 † † † †

11,202 12,798 12,467 14,729 31,273 10,967

11,393 13,419 12,468 14,503 31,723 11,801

134 135 136 137 138 139

22.4 28.0 20.8 15.5

17,682 9,714 18,676 18,718

11,367 15,137 4,268 5,592

1 13 122 71

3,991 1,797 2,829 3,919

3,046 3,249 1,078 1,058

635 805 280 †

267 572 68 274

† † † †

† † † 562,448

1,110,020 2,432,944 448,897 †

25,852 21,270 19,444 21,162

25,962 21,257 19,512 21,378

140 141 142 143

17.5 27.5 9.7 17.6 11.1 16.8 20.1 14.3 25.4 37.8 8.8

19,642 19,668 17,807 18,575 22,245 34,853 24,145 12,958 24,517 20,150 23,309

8,116 4,751 3,622 † † 9,689 † 3,617 14,514 12,058 5,869

† † † 1,122 1,296 † 1,864 † † † †

3,548 2,884 2,680 † † 7,783 † 2,028 5,923 2,380 4,299

2,518 1,234 842 † † 2,091 † 955 3,446 2,468 1,448

† † † † † 344 † † 705 507 †

53 11 † † † 430 † 28 660 194 75

† † † † † † † † † † †

276,670 258,811 203,767 109,860 106,011 1,282,043 137,457 160,182 3,577,635 667,077 410,842

† † † † † † † † † † †

22,475 18,383 16,871 9,982 11,866 40,082 12,452 12,273 36,884 22,069 24,568

22,407 18,426 17,917 10,113 11,633 40,501 12,897 12,779 37,075 22,912 24,223

144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154

4.8 14.5

14,663 32,474

1,470 17,000

72 0

2,460 6,049

305 2,677

† 715

† 592

† †

136,951 1,951,394

† †

13,917 39,557

13,906 40,567

155 156

20.7 26.4

12,839 12,371

3,334 2,679

† †

2,715 2,482

841 765

51 †

85 139

† †

416,556 234,713

† †

14,546 13,357

14,153 12,740

157 158

5.9 10.1 16.4 39.2

15,771 20,441 12,624 4,037

3,159 6,364 2,975 14,703

† † † †

2,411 4,086 1,932 1,170

823 1,222 675 5,407

† 331 35 †

† 251 40 14

† † † †

178,634 1,130,036 148,600 †

† † † 124,896

15,376 23,513 10,036 10,654

15,605 24,219 10,008 11,445

159 160 161 162

7.6

17,851

4,708

7

3,119

831

131

236

†

588,018

†

20,455

20,236

163

42.4 32.1 17.2

34,204 20,836 12,118

† 5,325 3,416

1,332 † †

† 2,951 1,728

† 883 464

† 119 50

† 44 77

† † †

104,372 318,039 366,608

† † †

15,473 18,819 12,178

16,698 19,329 12,632

164 165 166

5.2

12,568

3,018

156

2,338

714

†

46

†

349,756

†

13,425

13,433

167

31.2 34.9

11,375 27,365

3,829 7,953

† †

2,176 5,734

691 1,565

† 171

4 382

† †

151,068 (7 )

† †

11,258 31,269

11,837 31,234

168 169

56.6 59.9 42.6

22,077 12,797 17,932

† 3,377 7,754

1,012 57 10

† 2,012 2,777

† 750 1,073

† † 243

† 78 195

† † †

80,691 336,508 999,088

† † †

10,939 13,189 19,673

11,790 13,713 20,681

170 171 172

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

364 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

n em l l o r nTable E 214. Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003—Continued

Line number Institution 1

State Control1

2

Type2

Total Total Total Total enrollment, enrollment, enrollment, enrollment, fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2002 fall 2003

Enrollment, by sex, fall 2003 Male

Female

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Enrollment, by attendance status, fall 2003 Full-time Part-time 12

13

173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189

CUNY, Bernard M. Baruch College................................................. CUNY, Borough of Manhattan Community College ........................ CUNY, Brooklyn College ................................................................. CUNY, Hunter College .................................................................... CUNY, Queens College .................................................................. Columbia University in the City of New York ................................... Cornell University-Endowed Colleges............................................. Monroe Community College ........................................................... Nassau Community College ........................................................... New York University ........................................................................ Saint John's University, New York ................................................... SUNY at Albany.............................................................................. SUNY at Buffalo.............................................................................. SUNY at Stony Brook ..................................................................... Suffollk County Community College ............................................... Syracuse University ........................................................................ Touro College..................................................................................

NY NY NY NY NY NY NY NY NY NY NY NY NY NY NY NY NY

1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2

1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1

15,849 14,819 16,605 19,639 18,072 18,242 11,533 13,545 21,537 32,813 19,105 17,400 27,638 17,624 † 21,900 4,456

15,698 15,875 15,039 20,011 15,061 19,639 12,043 15,315 19,621 37,150 18,621 16,751 24,830 19,924 † 18,186 8,092

15,361 17,635 15,635 20,607 16,604 20,583 12,566 16,052 21,239 38,096 19,288 17,426 26,168 21,989 20,280 18,604 15,941

15,126 18,465 15,513 20,797 16,993 21,322 19,620 16,596 20,984 38,188 19,777 16,998 27,255 22,344 20,980 18,639 18,174

6,701 6,607 5,843 5,925 5,873 10,803 10,362 7,521 9,589 15,720 8,003 7,872 14,325 10,697 8,529 8,306 7,357

8,425 11,858 9,670 14,872 11,120 10,519 9,258 9,075 11,395 22,468 11,774 9,126 12,930 11,647 12,451 10,333 10,817

9,771 11,183 8,128 11,408 8,591 18,303 19,579 9,398 13,055 28,625 13,700 13,066 22,180 17,122 11,270 15,551 11,276

5,355 7,282 7,385 9,389 8,402 3,019 41 7,198 7,929 9,563 6,077 3,932 5,075 5,222 9,710 3,088 6,898

190 191 192 193 194

Central Piedmont Community College............................................ East Carolina University.................................................................. North Carolina State University at Raleigh ..................................... University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ..................................... University of North Carolina at Charlotte ........................................

NC NC NC NC NC

1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 1

16,311 17,564 27,199 23,878 14,699

14,908 18,750 28,619 24,892 17,241

15,899 20,577 29,637 26,028 18,916

16,245 21,756 29,854 26,359 19,605

6,784 8,604 16,937 10,941 8,823

9,461 13,152 12,917 15,418 10,782

5,721 17,355 22,587 21,922 13,213

10,524 4,401 7,267 4,437 6,392

195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207

Bowling Green State University, Main Campus .............................. Cleveland State University .............................................................. Columbus State Community College .............................................. Cuyahoga Community College District ........................................... Kent State University, Main Campus............................................... Miami University, Oxford ................................................................. Ohio State University, Main Campus .............................................. Ohio University, Main Campus........................................................ Owens Community College ............................................................ Sinclair Community College............................................................ University of Akron, Main Campus.................................................. University of Cincinnati, Main Campus ........................................... University of Toledo.........................................................................

OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1

18,657 19,214 13,290 23,157 24,434 15,835 54,087 18,505 6,857 16,367 28,801 31,013 24,691

18,096 15,294 18,094 19,518 21,924 16,757 47,952 19,920 15,845 19,026 21,363 27,327 19,491

18,773 15,971 22,222 22,615 23,504 16,730 49,676 20,548 17,921 19,381 22,605 26,552 20,889

18,534 16,014 23,297 23,231 24,242 16,863 50,731 20,452 19,341 19,860 21,452 26,817 20,594

8,041 7,094 9,752 7,946 9,489 7,558 25,770 9,525 10,204 8,493 9,875 13,633 9,994

10,493 8,920 13,545 15,285 14,753 9,305 24,961 10,927 9,137 11,367 11,577 13,184 10,600

16,011 9,089 9,103 8,559 18,228 15,784 43,408 18,657 6,068 7,452 16,442 20,728 15,467

2,523 6,925 14,194 14,672 6,014 1,079 7,323 1,795 13,273 12,408 5,010 6,089 5,127

208 209 210 211

Oklahoma State University, Main Campus...................................... Tulsa Community College ............................................................... University of Central Oklahoma ...................................................... University of Oklahoma, Norman Campus .....................................

OK OK OK OK

1 1 1 1

1 2 1 1

19,827 17,955 14,232 20,774

18,676 16,270 14,099 24,205

23,220 17,227 15,239 26,263

23,844 16,931 15,044 27,146

12,263 6,361 6,203 13,589

11,581 10,570 8,841 13,557

18,580 6,257 9,858 20,505

5,264 10,674 5,186 6,641

212 213 214 215

Oregon State University.................................................................. Portland Community College .......................................................... Portland State University ................................................................ University of Oregon .......................................................................

OR OR OR OR

1 1 1 1

1 2 1 1

16,361 21,888 16,921 18,840

16,758 24,209 18,889 17,801

18,764 26,746 21,672 19,997

18,958 24,135 23,081 19,992

10,021 10,659 10,191 9,375

8,937 13,476 12,890 10,617

16,451 7,807 12,750 17,421

2,507 16,328 10,331 2,571

216 217 218 219 220 221 222

Community College of Allegheny County ....................................... Community College of Philadelphia................................................ Drexel University ............................................................................. Pennsylvania State University, Main Campus................................. Temple University............................................................................ University of Pennsylvania .............................................................. University of Pittsburgh, Main Campus...........................................

PA PA PA PA PA PA PA

1 1 2 1 1 2 1

2 2 1 1 1 1 1

20,553 15,151 11,926 38,864 29,714 21,868 28,120

15,556 15,953 13,128 40,571 28,355 21,853 26,329

17,989 19,395 16,345 41,445 32,359 22,769 27,190

19,103 20,615 17,000 41,795 32,877 23,243 26,795

8,380 6,875 9,520 22,213 14,088 11,454 12,546

10,723 13,740 7,480 19,582 18,789 11,789 14,249

7,847 6,090 12,051 38,743 23,976 19,050 21,562

11,256 14,525 4,949 3,052 8,901 4,193 5,233

223

Community College of Rhode Island ..............................................

RI

1

2

16,620

15,583

15,929

16,223

5,941

10,282

5,681

10,542

224 225

Clemson University......................................................................... University of South Carolina at Columbia .......................................

SC SC

1 1

1 1

15,714 25,613

17,465 23,728

16,876 25,140

17,016 25,288

9,325 10,820

7,691 14,468

14,788 19,625

2,228 5,663

226 227 228

Middle Tennessee State University................................................. University of Memphis..................................................................... University of Tennessee..................................................................

TN TN TN

1 1 1

1 1 1

14,865 20,681 26,055

19,121 19,986 25,890

21,163 19,797 27,971

21,744 19,911 27,281

10,004 8,002 13,073

11,740 11,909 14,208

17,271 13,517 23,361

4,473 6,394 3,920

229 230 231

Austin Community College.............................................................. Central Texas College..................................................................... Collin County Community College District ......................................

TX TX TX

1 1 1

2 2 2

24,251 4,815 9,059

25,735 14,636 12,996

35,576 17,992 15,970

30,638 17,255 16,574

13,412 9,853 7,121

17,226 7,402 9,453

8,219 2,906 6,621

22,419 14,349 9,953

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 365 Enrollment

Table 214. Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003—Continued Enrollment, by level, fall 2003 Percent minority enrollment, 20033

UnderPostgraduate baccalaureate Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Full-time-equivalent enrollment

Financial statistics, 2002–03, in thousands4

Earned degrees conferred, 2003–04

First Master’s professional

Total Total Current-fund expenses and expenses and expenditures, deductions, deductions, public public private 5 Doctor’s institutions institutions institutions

Fall 2002

Line Fall 2003 number

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

54.4 75.8 46.6 49.3 40.2 26.7 25.9 25.0 38.1 32.7 42.0 20.5 18.6 38.8 20.8 16.2 30.8

12,462 18,465 10,960 15,906 12,346 7,134 13,655 16,596 20,984 19,506 14,908 11,796 17,818 14,072 20,980 12,447 10,579

2,664 † 4,553 4,891 4,647 14,188 5,965 † † 18,682 4,869 5,202 9,437 8,272 † 6,192 7,595

† 2,026 † † † † † 2,433 2,949 698 115 † 3 † 2,545 6 490

2,443 † 1,633 2,136 1,991 1,804 3,577 † † 4,492 2,282 2,648 3,505 2,850 † 2,798 1,412

1,150 † 1,155 1,251 1,211 4,556 1,652 † † 5,346 1,019 1,547 1,901 1,820 † 1,728 2,257

† † † † † 621 266 † † 932 470 † 557 156 † 238 258

† † † † † 495 412 † † 407 53 168 299 285 † 151 13

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

123,990 86,456 132,709 176,086 150,983 † † 88,606 153,190 † † 314,235 633,305 1,112,663 123,561 † †

† † † † † 2,037,800 1,263,190 † † 2,021,253 286,348 † † † † 517,539 107,888

12,071 13,192 10,707 14,727 11,348 18,804 12,560 11,124 15,908 31,917 15,749 14,730 23,035 18,771 14,023 16,275 12,298

11,853 13,628 10,936 15,031 11,805 19,467 19,595 11,815 15,717 32,299 16,097 14,535 24,084 19,068 14,530 16,743 13,990

173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189

33.1 18.8 17.7 19.2 22.6

16,245 16,935 22,971 16,144 15,694

† 4,821 6,883 10,215 3,911

819 † 127 † †

† 3,024 4,555 3,715 2,782

† 1,044 1,403 1,868 849

† 80 76 587 †

† 21 338 439 26

† † † † †

80,285 415,176 802,503 1,555,635 208,428

† † † † †

8,979 18,202 25,081 23,330 15,146

9,254 19,013 25,385 23,587 15,672

190 191 192 193 194

9.6 26.0 25.8 37.0 10.3 8.6 15.5 5.7 16.9 19.7 17.9 17.8 15.8

15,481 10,054 23,297 23,231 19,173 15,150 37,605 17,200 19,341 19,860 17,447 19,159 17,388

3,053 5,960 † † 5,069 1,713 13,126 3,252 † † 4,005 7,658 3,206

† † 1,503 1,443 † 269 342 48 988 1,240 431 237 178

3,063 1,681 † † 3,682 3,784 8,288 4,148 † † 2,216 2,919 2,104

931 1,279 † † 1,161 555 2,606 1,050 † † 861 1,414 509

† 250 † † † † 782 102 † † 171 302 139

78 37 † † 136 43 560 111 † † 100 212 43

† † † † † † † † † † † † †

299,074 199,940 95,228 178,127 334,982 362,325 2,409,651 377,765 65,961 114,194 301,568 722,202 291,578

† † † † † † † † † † † † †

17,110 11,712 13,220 12,700 19,970 15,991 44,943 19,381 9,353 11,029 17,899 22,658 17,537

16,966 11,740 13,868 13,485 20,537 16,190 46,249 19,354 10,524 11,618 18,399 23,075 17,482

195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207

14.5 19.3 19.1 21.6

18,907 16,931 13,178 20,534

4,937 † 1,866 6,612

† 2,004 † †

3,388 † 1,925 3,282

995 † 590 1,610

73 † † 177

204 † † 136

† † † †

475,626 84,601 85,385 476,641

† † † †

20,234 9,822 11,948 22,289

20,590 9,841 11,900 23,013

208 209 210 211

14.3 21.7 18.9 12.6

15,601 24,135 16,894 15,983

3,357 † 6,187 4,009

† 1,501 † †

3,078 † 2,892 3,335

760 † 1,470 935

103 † † 159

172 † 28 164

† † † †

482,246 151,531 212,280 394,038

† † † †

17,297 14,248 15,690 18,393

17,433 13,289 16,758 18,416

212 213 214 215

16.6 65.6 27.1 12.3 31.8 26.2 14.0

19,103 20,615 11,613 35,002 22,215 12,027 17,413

† † 5,387 6,793 10,662 11,216 9,382

1,450 1,439 13 88 9 4 †

† † 2,036 9,134 4,069 2,797 3,861

† † 1,129 1,252 1,679 2,794 1,817

† † 221 † 807 619 598

† † 111 539 334 413 382

† † † † † † †

97,392 92,254 † 8 2,423,788 8 1,517,236 † 8 1,138,380

† † 513,171 † † 3,562,752 †

10,691 10,228 13,541 39,468 26,523 20,254 23,795

11,626 10,967 13,966 39,911 27,397 20,675 23,552

216 217 218 219 220 221 222

21.7

16,223

†

1,177

†

†

†

†

†

73,836

†

8,888

9,220

223

10.3 20.1

13,813 17,133

3,203 8,155

† 12

3,020 2,991

772 1,855

† 380

113 241

† †

474,915 533,892

† †

15,490 21,322

15,634 21,772

224 225

15.8 37.6 11.3

19,754 15,209 19,224

1,990 4,702 8,057

5 † †

3,044 1,860 4,035

521 820 1,737

† 136 533

12 100 280

† † 1,079,974

192,590 270,535 †

† † †

18,445 15,857 25,410

19,018 15,996 24,852

226 227 228

35.8 50.8 20.9

30,638 17,255 16,574

† † †

917 2,090 850

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † †

119,719 69,859 67,495

† † †

18,266 8,016 9,551

15,746 7,723 9,963

229 230 231

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

366 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

n em l l o r nTable E 214. Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003—Continued

Line number Institution 1

State Control1

2

Type2

Total Total Total Total enrollment, enrollment, enrollment, enrollment, fall 1990 fall 2000 fall 2002 fall 2003

Enrollment, by sex, fall 2003 Male

Female

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Enrollment, by attendance status, fall 2003 Full-time Part-time 12

13

232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248

El Paso Community College ........................................................... Houston Community College System ............................................. North Harris Montgomery Community Col. District ........................ San Antonio College ....................................................................... San Jacinto College, Central Campus ............................................ South Texas Community College.................................................... Tarrant County College ................................................................... Texas A & M University ................................................................... Texas State University, San Marcos................................................ Texas Tech University...................................................................... University of Houston, University Park............................................ University of North Texas ................................................................ University of Texas at Arlington....................................................... University of Texas at Austin ........................................................... University of Texas at El Paso......................................................... University of Texas at San Antonio ................................................. University of Texas, Pan American..................................................

TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX TX

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

17,081 36,437 15,653 20,083 9,424 † 28,161 41,171 20,940 25,363 33,115 27,160 24,782 49,617 16,524 15,489 12,337

18,001 40,929 24,554 19,253 10,507 11,319 26,868 44,026 22,423 24,558 32,123 27,054 20,424 49,996 15,224 18,830 12,759

21,317 39,528 31,692 20,402 11,283 13,695 31,250 45,083 25,041 27,569 34,443 30,183 23,821 52,261 17,232 22,016 14,392

24,569 37,846 34,471 20,831 22,747 15,334 32,667 44,813 26,306 28,549 35,066 31,065 24,979 51,426 18,542 24,665 15,914

9,351 15,457 13,473 8,439 9,698 5,810 13,494 23,495 11,309 15,538 16,668 13,471 12,118 25,474 8,382 11,235 6,536

15,218 22,389 20,998 12,392 13,049 9,524 19,173 21,318 14,997 13,011 18,398 17,594 12,861 25,952 10,160 13,430 9,378

10,611 12,153 11,581 8,067 9,141 5,799 11,991 39,496 19,286 24,453 23,791 21,191 16,486 46,422 12,055 16,693 10,138

13,958 25,693 22,890 12,764 13,606 9,535 20,676 5,317 7,020 4,096 11,275 9,874 8,493 5,004 6,487 7,972 5,776

249 250 251 252 253 254

Brigham Young University............................................................... Salt Lake Community College......................................................... University of Utah............................................................................ Utah State University ...................................................................... Utah Valley State College ............................................................... Weber State University ...................................................................

UT UT UT UT UT UT

2 1 1 1 1 1

1 2 1 1 1 1

31,662 13,344 24,922 15,155 7,879 13,449

32,554 21,596 24,948 21,490 20,946 16,050

32,408 23,347 28,369 22,848 23,609 18,059

33,008 24,056 28,436 16,460 23,803 18,821

17,014 12,291 15,592 8,605 13,692 9,295

15,994 11,765 12,844 7,855 10,111 9,526

28,559 8,534 19,643 12,341 12,477 11,111

4,449 15,522 8,793 4,119 11,326 7,710

255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262

George Mason University ............................................................... James Madison University .............................................................. Northern Virginia Community College ............................................ Old Dominion University ................................................................. Tidewater Community College........................................................ University of Virginia, Main Campus ............................................... Virginia Commonwealth University ................................................. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State U. ......................................

VA VA VA VA VA VA VA VA

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1

20,308 11,251 35,194 16,729 17,726 21,110 21,764 25,568

23,408 15,326 37,073 18,969 20,184 22,411 24,066 27,869

26,796 15,965 39,129 20,105 21,698 23,144 26,009 28,027

28,246 16,203 38,097 20,802 23,088 23,077 26,631 27,755

12,406 6,423 17,316 8,677 9,226 10,446 11,059 16,256

15,840 9,780 20,781 12,125 13,862 12,631 15,572 11,499

14,886 14,807 12,161 11,237 7,837 18,857 17,862 24,812

13,360 1,396 25,936 9,565 15,251 4,220 8,769 2,943

263 264

University of Washington, Seattle Campus..................................... Washington State University...........................................................

WA WA

1 1

1 1

33,854 18,412

36,139 20,492

39,882 21,880

39,135 22,712

18,829 10,616

20,306 12,096

32,789 18,575

6,346 4,137

265 266

Marshall University.......................................................................... West Virginia University ..................................................................

WV WV

1 1

1 1

12,407 20,854

15,640 21,987

16,541 23,492

16,353 24,260

7,097 12,319

9,256 11,941

11,178 20,852

5,175 3,408

267 268 269

Milwaukee Area Technical College ................................................. University of Wisconsin, Madison ................................................... University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee................................................

WI WI WI

1 1 1

2 1 1

21,600 43,209 26,020

14,296 40,658 23,578

17,715 40,884 24,587

17,767 40,879 25,440

7,608 19,556 11,130

10,159 21,323 14,310

5,646 36,252 18,741

12,121 4,627 6,699

–Not available †Not applicable. 1 Publicly controlled institutions are identified by a “1”; private, not-for-profit, by a “2”; and private, for-profit, by a “3.” 2The types of institutions are identified as follows: “1” for 4-year institutions; and “2” for 2year institutions. 3 Minority students who are U.S. citizens or resident aliens as a percent of total enrollment, including nonresident aliens. 4 Due to changes in survey instruments, some public colleges report data on current-fund expenditures and some report total expenses and deductions. Private colleges report data on total expenses and deductions. 5 Includes public institutions reporting total expenses and deductions under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) reporting standards and public institutions reporting

total expenses and deductions under Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) 34/35 reporting standards. Unless otherwise noted, institutions listed in this column reported under GASB accounting standards. 6 Data for total enrollment in 1990 are for institutions of higher education, rather than degree-granting institutions. 7 Data included with parent institution or central office. 8 Institution reported under FASB accounting standards. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1990 through 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment” Survey (IPEDS-EF:90), Spring 2001 through Spring 2003, and Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 367 Enrollment

Table 214. Selected statistics for degree-granting institutions enrolling more than 15,000 students in 2003: Selected years, 1990 through 2003—Continued Enrollment, by level, fall 2003 Percent minority enrollment, 20033

UnderPostgraduate baccalaureate Associate’s

Bachelor’s

First Master’s professional

Full-time-equivalent enrollment

Financial statistics, 2002–03, in thousands4

Earned degrees conferred, 2003–04

Total Total Current-fund expenses and expenses and expenditures, deductions, deductions, public public private 5 Doctor’s institutions institutions institutions

Fall 2002

Line Fall 2003 number

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

88.2 63.2 35.0 54.3 46.5 95.7 34.8 14.4 26.2 16.1 51.1 25.0 34.2 30.9 74.9 56.1 88.3

24,569 37,846 34,471 20,831 22,747 15,334 32,667 36,066 21,974 23,595 27,048 23,862 18,870 38,383 15,085 21,217 13,869

† † † † † † † 8,747 4,332 4,954 8,018 7,203 6,109 13,043 3,457 3,448 2,045

1,236 1,503 1,572 822 1,413 1,032 2,029 † † † † † † † † † 0

† † † † † † † 7,914 4,172 3,850 4,367 4,238 3,212 8,917 1,984 2,871 1,726

† † † † † † † 1,825 1,030 1,065 1,392 1,343 1,752 2,841 781 757 423

† † † † † † † 118 † 205 501 † † 597 † † †

† † † † † † † 515 3 174 196 153 58 702 30 4 12

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

91,653 203,554 153,995 69,137 ( 7) 63,778 153,021 1,415,170 265,871 433,337 576,833 314,830 224,807 1,390,041 208,157 203,297 153,009

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

13,409 21,625 17,564 11,957 6,135 8,485 18,104 41,968 20,953 24,961 27,620 24,007 18,485 49,037 13,871 17,371 11,153

15,297 20,779 19,266 12,352 13,709 9,000 18,933 41,555 22,005 26,043 28,267 24,981 19,784 48,397 14,573 19,812 12,403

232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248

7.7 13.3 9.7 4.3 5.8 7.4

29,932 24,056 22,421 13,958 23,803 18,452

3,076 † 6,015 2,502 † 369

1 2,571 † 27 1,983 1,472

6,829 † 4,947 2,363 1,245 2,096

881 † 1,460 905 † 142

156 † 260 † † †

82 † 216 64 † †

† † † † † †

† 107,099 1,643,829 374,330 125,212 119,598

736,463 † † † † †

29,729 13,562 22,930 17,581 16,864 13,609

30,296 13,745 23,125 13,922 17,048 14,211

249 250 251 252 253 254

27.9 10.3 40.0 29.1 40.1 19.4 28.1 14.7

17,073 14,991 38,097 14,209 23,088 13,829 18,173 21,348

11,173 1,212 † 6,593 † 9,248 8,458 6,407

† † 2,613 † 1,506 † † 37

3,329 3,378 † 2,426 † 3,207 2,452 4,876

1,952 272 † 1,260 † 1,705 1,281 1,444

223 † † † † 493 335 93

149 12 † 78 † 358 153 290

† † † † † † † †

331,287 221,196 114,226 186,344 73,594 1,477,334 489,672 696,221

† † † † † † † †

19,036 15,067 21,298 14,150 11,874 20,239 20,537 25,981

19,981 15,339 20,869 14,883 12,957 20,416 21,222 25,902

255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262

30.8 13.4

27,962 18,746

11,173 3,966

† †

7,194 4,223

2,556 752

488 160

503 167

† †

2,403,041 602,617

† †

35,466 19,427

35,295 20,196

263 264

6.5 7.0

12,351 17,517

4,002 6,743

79 †

1,395 2,938

937 1,533

43 338

9 160

† †

169,601 541,864

† †

13,131 21,160

13,158 22,132

265 266

34.8 10.0 15.8

17,767 29,546 21,052

† 11,333 4,388

1,310 † †

† 6,336 3,698

† 2,022 1,360

† 585 †

† 628 75

† † †

188,977 1,635,231 322,842

† † †

9,699 38,067 20,217

9,715 38,081 21,341

267 268 269

–Not available †Not applicable. 1 Publicly controlled institutions are identified by a “1”; private, not-for-profit, by a “2”; and private, for-profit, by a “3”. 2The types of institutions are identified as follows: “1” for 4-year institutions; and 2 for 2-year institutions. 3 Minority students who are U.S. citizens or resident aliens as a percent of total enrollment, including nonresident aliens. 4 Due to changes in survey instruments, some public colleges report data on current-fund expenditures and some report total expenses and deductions. Private colleges report data on total expenses and deductions. 5 Includes public institutions reporting total expenses and deductions under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) reporting standards and public institutions reporting

total expenses and deductions under Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) 34/35 reporting standards. Unless otherwise noted, institutions listed in this column reported under GASB accounting standards. 6 Data for total enrollment in 1990 are for institutions of higher education, rather than degree-granting institutions. 7 Data included with parent institution or central office. 8 Institution reported under FASB accounting standards. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1990 through 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment” Survey (IPEDS-EF:90), Spring 2001 through Spring 2003, and Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Institution 1

State

Rank1

Control2

Type3

Total enrollment, fall 2004

Institution

6

1

2

3

4

5

6

115,794 University of Iowa ............................................................................ 57,026 University of Maryland, University College ...................................... 50,995 Texas Tech University ...................................................................... 50,954 Virginia Commonwealth University .................................................. 50,377 Colorado State University ................................................................

IA MD TX VA CO

61 62 63 64 65

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

28,442 28,374 28,325 28,303 27,973

State

Rank1

Control2

Type3

Total enrollment, fall 2004

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

University of Phoenix, Online Campus .............................................. Miami-Dade College .......................................................................... Ohio State University, Main Campus ................................................. University of Minnesota, Twin Cities .................................................. University of Texas at Austin ..............................................................

AZ FL OH MN TX

1 2 3 4 5

3 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

Arizona State University at the Tempe Campus ................................ University of Florida........................................................................... Michigan State University .................................................................. Texas A & M University ...................................................................... University of Central Florida ..............................................................

AZ FL MI TX FL

6 7 8 9 10

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

49,171 47,993 44,836 44,435 42,465

California State University, Sacramento .......................................... Mount San Antonio College............................................................. Western Michigan University ........................................................... University of Tennessee................................................................... Central Michigan University .............................................................

CA CA MI TN MI

66 67 68 69 70

1 1 1 1 1

1 2 1 1 1

27,972 27,927 27,829 27,792 27,683

City College of San Francisco ........................................................... University of South Florida ................................................................ Pennsylvania State University, Main Campus.................................... University of Illinois at Urbana, Champaign....................................... University of Wisconsin, Madison ......................................................

CA FL PA IL WI

11 12 13 14 15

1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 1

42,438 42,238 41,289 40,687 40,455

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State U. ....................................... Pasadena City College .................................................................... University of Oklahoma, Norman Campus ...................................... Santa Monica College ..................................................................... University of Nevada, Las Vegas .....................................................

VA CA OK CA NV

71 72 73 74 75

1 1 1 1 1

1 2 1 2 1

27,619 27,584 27,483 27,459 27,339

Purdue University, Main Campus....................................................... Houston Community College System................................................ University of Michigan, Ann Arbor ..................................................... New York University ........................................................................... University of Washington, Seattle Campus........................................

IN TX MI NY WA

16 17 18 19 20

1 1 1 2 1

1 2 1 1 1

40,108 Mesa Community College ............................................................... 39,715 SUNY at Buffalo............................................................................... 39,533 Georgia State University.................................................................. 39,408 University of Cincinnati, Main Campus ............................................ 39,199 University of Missouri, Columbia .....................................................

AZ NY GA OH MO

76 77 78 79 80

1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 1

27,332 27,276 27,261 27,178 27,003

Florida State University ..................................................................... Indiana University, Bloomington......................................................... Northern Virginia Community College ............................................... University of Arizona.......................................................................... University of California, Los Angeles .................................................

FL IN VA AZ CA

21 22 23 24 25

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 2 1 1

38,431 37,821 37,392 36,932 35,966

University of Kansas, Main Campus................................................ University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ...................................... University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee................................................. Texas State University, San Marcos................................................. University of Pittsburgh, Main Campus............................................

KS NC WI TX PA

81 82 83 84 85

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

26,980 26,878 26,832 26,783 26,731

North Harris Montgomery Community Col. District ........................... Austin Community College ................................................................ University of Houston, University Park............................................... University of Maryland, College Park................................................. Florida International University ..........................................................

TX TX TX MD FL

26 27 28 29 30

1 1 1 1 1

2 2 1 1 1

35,788 Santa Ana College........................................................................... 35,622 Iowa State University ....................................................................... 35,180 University of New Mexico, Main Campus......................................... 34,933 University of Texas at San Antonio .................................................. 34,865 El Paso Community College ............................................................

CA IA NM TX TX

86 87 88 89 90

1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 2

26,496 26,380 26,242 26,175 26,078

Rutgers University, New Brunswick ................................................... Brigham Young University.................................................................. Tarrant County College District.......................................................... Community College of Southern Nevada .......................................... Temple University ..............................................................................

NJ UT TX NV PA

31 32 33 34 35

1 2 1 1 1

1 1 2 1 1

34,696 University of Kentucky ..................................................................... 34,347 National University........................................................................... 34,136 University of South Carolina, Columbia........................................... 33,627 Nova Southeastern University ......................................................... 33,551 Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton............................................

KY CA SC FL FL

91 92 93 94 95

1 2 1 2 1

1 1 1 1 1

25,686 25,684 25,596 25,430 25,319

California State University, Long Beach............................................. University of Georgia ......................................................................... Broward Community College ............................................................. University of California, Berkeley....................................................... California State University, Fullerton..................................................

CA GA FL CA CA

36 37 38 39 40

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 2 1 1

33,479 33,405 32,948 32,803 32,744

TX WV CA IL IL

96 97 98 99 100

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 2 1 1

25,297 25,255 25,040 24,865 24,820

See notes at end of table.

University of Texas at Arlington........................................................ West Virginia University................................................................... Palomar College .............................................................................. University of Illinois at Chicago........................................................ Northern Illinois University...............................................................

368 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

n em l l o r nTable E 215. Enrollment of the 120 largest degree-granting college and university campuses, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2004

n em l l o r nTable E 215. Enrollment of the 120 largest degree-granting college and university campuses, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2004—Continued

Institution 1

State

Rank1

Control2

Type3

Total enrollment, fall 2004

Institution

6

State

Rank1

Control2

Type3

Total enrollment, fall 2004

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

1

2

3

4

5

6

Wayne State University...................................................................... University of Colorado at Boulder ...................................................... Louisiana State U. & A&M & Hebert Laws Center............................. University of Southern California ....................................................... San Diego State University................................................................

MI CO LA CA CA

41 42 43 44 45

1 1 1 2 1

1 1 1 1 1

32,386 Florida Community College at Jacksonville ..................................... 32,362 El Camino College........................................................................... 32,241 Salt Lake Community College ......................................................... 32,160 Cuyahoga Community College District............................................ 32,043 University of California, San Diego ..................................................

FL CA UT OH CA

101 102 103 104 105

1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2 1

24,769 24,732 24,725 24,664 24,663

Pima Community College .................................................................. California State University, Northridge............................................... University of North Texas................................................................... Riverside Community College ........................................................... American River College.....................................................................

AZ CA TX CA CA

46 47 48 49 50

1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 2 2

31,545 Harvard University ........................................................................... 31,341 University of Massachusetts, Amherst............................................. 31,155 San Jacinto College, Central Campus............................................. 30,101 Portland Community College........................................................... 30,055 Kent State University, Main Campus................................................

MA MA TX OR OH

106 107 108 109 110

2 1 1 1 1

1 1 2 2 1

24,648 24,646 24,519 24,505 24,347

North Carolina State University at Raleigh ........................................ Indiana University-Purdue U., Indianapolis........................................ College of DuPage............................................................................. Boston University............................................................................... Valencia Community College.............................................................

NC IN IL MA FL

51 52 53 54 55

1 1 1 2 1

1 1 2 1 2

29,957 29,953 29,854 29,596 29,556

University of California, Irvine.......................................................... Oakland Community College........................................................... Santa Rosa Junior College.............................................................. Utah Valley State College ................................................................ Saint Petersburg College.................................................................

CA MI CA UT FL

111 112 113 114 115

1 1 1 1 1

1 2 2 1 1

24,344 24,296 24,176 24,149 24,102

University of California, Davis............................................................ San Jose State University.................................................................. University of Utah .............................................................................. George Mason University .................................................................. San Francisco State University..........................................................

CA CA UT VA CA

56 57 58 59 60

1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

29,210 George Washington University ........................................................ 29,044 East Los Angeles College ............................................................... 28,933 Eastern Michigan University ............................................................ 28,874 Oklahoma State University, Main Campus ...................................... 28,804 Strayer University, Washington Campus..........................................

DC CA MI OK DC

116 117 118 119 120

2 1 1 1 3

1 2 1 1 1

24,092 23,969 23,862 23,819 23,667

1Colleges and university campuses ranked by fall 2004 enrollment data. 2 Publicly controlled institutions are identified by a “1”; private, not-for-profit, by a 3The types of institutions are identified as follows: “1” for 4-year institutions; and

“2”; and private, for-profit, by a “3.” “2” for 2-year institutions.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2005 survey. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 369 Enrollment

Enrollment, fall 2003

Degrees awarded to females, 2003–04

State

Type and control2

Total

Females

Percent female

Males, full-time

Females, full-time

Males, part-time

Females, part-time

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Total...........................................................

†

†

86,239

81,208

94.2

1,852

57,213

3,179

23,995

805

13,141

4,455

103

Judson College.................................................. Mills College ...................................................... Mount Saint Mary’s College............................... Scripps College ................................................. Saint Joseph College.........................................

AL CA CA CA CT

3 3 3 3 3

369 1,210 2,127 835 1,836

354 1,095 1,963 823 1,726

95.9 90.5 92.3 98.6 94.0

7 104 64 8 19

304 989 1,477 814 947

8 11 100 4 91

50 106 486 9 779

0 0 113 0 0

48 194 289 172 211

† 124 41 † 134

† 1 † † †

Trinity College .................................................... Agnes Scott College .......................................... Brenau University .............................................. Spelman College ............................................... Wesleyan College..............................................

DC GA GA GA GA

3 3 3 3 3

1,637 923 2,073 2,063 745

1,522 918 1,761 2,061 728

93.0 99.5 84.9 99.9 97.7

37 3 108 0 16

712 868 1,018 1,980 560

78 2 204 2 1

810 50 743 81 168

0 0 0 0 0

130 204 301 533 126

185 8 163 † 21

† † † † †

Lexington College.............................................. Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College ..................... Saint Mary’s College.......................................... Midway College ................................................. College of Notre Dame of Maryland ..................

IL IN IN KY MD

4 3 3 3 3

43 1,687 1,477 1,154 3,030

43 1,650 1,476 1,020 2,677

100.0 97.8 99.9 88.4 88.3

0 0 0 85 14

41 462 1,438 672 696

0 37 1 49 339

2 1,188 38 348 1,981

8 13 0 60 0

† 130 372 160 308

† 13 † † 298

† † † † †

Bay Path College ............................................... Mount Holyoke College...................................... Pine Manor College ........................................... Regis College .................................................... Simmons College ..............................................

MA MA MA MA MA

3 3 3 3 3

1,314 2,151 488 1,083 4,121

1,297 2,148 488 1,044 3,764

98.7 99.9 100.0 96.4 91.3

15 2 0 11 75

1,059 2,092 475 673 2,002

2 1 0 28 282

238 56 13 371 1,762

107 0 12 66 0

193 553 85 151 290

32 † † 66 773

† † † † 65

Smith College .................................................... Wellesley College .............................................. College of Saint Benedict .................................. College of St. Catherine .................................... Cottey College ...................................................

MA MA MN MN MO

3 3 3 3 4

3,159 2,312 2,054 4,807 289

3,101 2,285 2,054 4,564 289

98.2 98.8 100.0 94.9 100.0

55 0 0 134 0

3,030 2,219 1,998 2,923 282

3 27 0 109 0

71 66 56 1,641 7

0 0 0 188 103

688 603 475 583 †

140 † † 311 †

5 † † † †

Stephens College .............................................. College of Saint Mary ........................................ College of Saint Elizabeth ................................. Georgian Court College..................................... Barnard College.................................................

MO NE NJ NJ NY

3 3 3 3 3

647 910 1,848 2,976 2,281

619 909 1,689 2,633 2,281

95.7 99.9 91.4 88.5 100.0

19 0 19 82 0

468 605 731 1,284 2,232

9 1 140 261 0

151 304 958 1,349 49

1 60 0 0 0

104 93 206 355 600

20 † 81 155 †

† † † † †

College of New Rochelle ................................... Marymount College of Fordham U..................... Wells College..................................................... Bennett College for Women............................... Meredith College ...............................................

NY NY NY NC NC

3 3 3 3 3

6,594 1,083 410 429 2,152

5,755 1,054 407 429 2,116

87.3 97.3 99.3 100.0 98.3

525 15 1 0 0

4,045 941 397 426 1,581

314 14 2 0 36

1,710 113 10 3 535

0 1 0 0 0

809 205 91 74 427

657 † † † 35

† † † † †

Peace College ................................................... Salem College ................................................... Ursuline College ................................................ Bryn Mawr College ............................................ Carlow College ..................................................

NC NC OH PA PA

3 3 3 3 3

699 1,091 1,409 1,781 2,137

699 1,050 1,276 1,675 1,983

100.0 96.2 90.6 94.0 92.8

0 12 50 61 61

668 731 700 1,479 1,101

0 29 83 45 93

31 319 576 196 882

41 0 0 0 0

89 164 188 299 310

† 21 111 128 106

† † † 13 †

Institution1 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

Doctor’s

370 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 216. Enrollment and degrees conferred in women’s colleges, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04

Table 216. Enrollment and degrees conferred in women’s colleges, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04—Continued Enrollment, fall 2003 Females, full-time

Males, part-time

Females, part-time

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

1,763 1,256 721 1,069 791

1,680 1,128 709 921 676

95.3 89.8 98.3 86.2 85.5

16 55 0 20 23

867 667 567 441 373

67 73 12 128 92

813 461 142 480 303

0 0 0 0 17

300 112 93 187 83

† 146 † 89 †

† 19 † † †

3 3 3 3 3

1,515 1,663 1,090 1,731 737

1,457 1,535 1,021 1,606 735

96.2 92.3 93.7 92.8 99.7

22 28 11 44 0

1,162 744 827 1,150 706

36 100 58 81 2

295 791 194 456 29

0 0 0 0 0

231 161 189 263 165

203 171 66 46 †

† † † † †

3 3 3

709 2,160 1,600

679 2,113 1,522

95.8 97.8 95.1

24 3 4

638 1,200 751

6 44 74

41 913 771

0 15 0

132 272 140

† 57 54

† † †

Total

2

3

4

Cedar Crest College .......................................... Chatham College............................................... Moore College of Art and Design ...................... Rosemont College ............................................. Wilson College...................................................

PA PA PA PA PA

3 3 3 3 3

Columbia College .............................................. Converse College .............................................. Hollins University ............................................... Mary Baldwin College........................................ Randolph-Macon Woman’s College ..................

SC SC VA VA VA

Sweet Briar College........................................... Alverno College ................................................. Mount Mary College ..........................................

VA WI WI

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Females

Males, full-time

State

Institution1

Degrees awarded to females, 2003–04

Percent female

Type and control2

†Not applicable. 1Data are for colleges and universities identified by the Women’s College Coalition as women’s colleges in 2005. Excludes women’s colleges whose IPEDS data are reported together with a coed institution or coordinate men’s college. The following institutions were excluded for this reason: The Women’s College of the University of Denver; Newcomb College of Tulane University; Douglass College of Rutgers University; Blue Mountain College; and Russell Sage College of the Sage Colleges.

2

3=private not-for-profit, 4-year; and 4=private, not-for-profit, 2-year. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 and 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004 and Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 371 Enrollment

Enrollment, fall 2003

Degrees awarded to Hispanics, 2003–04

Type and control1

Total

Hispanic

Percent Hispanic2

Hispanic undergraduate

Hispanic postbaccalaureate

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Firstprofessional

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Total, 50 states3 ..............................................................................

†

1,961,791

827,542

42.2

787,046

40,496

38,261

28,195

7,000

469

165

Total, 50 states and Puerto Rico3 .................................................

†

2,163,851

1,029,385

47.6

965,835

63,550

42,558

45,520

10,383

1,017

322

Arizona Apollo College, Inc., Phoenix................................................................... Arizona Automotive Institute .................................................................... Arizona Western College......................................................................... Art Center Design College, Tucson ......................................................... Bryman School ........................................................................................ Central Arizona College........................................................................... Chaparral Career College........................................................................ Cochise College ...................................................................................... Estrella Mountain Community College .................................................... Everest College ....................................................................................... Gateway Community College .................................................................. High-Tech Institute, Phoenix .................................................................... International Institute of the Americas, Mesa .......................................... International Institute of the Americas, Phoenix, N. 43rd ........................ International Institute of the Americas, Phoenix, N. 7th........................... International Institute of the Americas, Tucson........................................ ITT Technical Institute, Tucson................................................................. Lamson College....................................................................................... Phoenix College ...................................................................................... Pima Community College ........................................................................ Pima Medical Institute, Mesa................................................................... Pima Medical Institute, Tucson ................................................................ Refrigeration School, Inc. ........................................................................ South Mountain Community College ....................................................... University of Phoenix, Southern Arizona Campus...................................

6 6 2 5 6 2 5 2 2 6 2 6 3 3 3 3 5 6 2 2 6 6 6 2 5

2,262 677 6,454 295 1,319 5,745 383 4,225 5,410 535 7,795 1,352 542 563 527 446 413 265 13,150 31,216 607 581 322 4,303 3,137

746 228 3,778 110 494 1,715 136 1,159 1,872 185 2,105 531 163 227 268 222 151 69 4,954 9,509 158 274 84 1,965 776

33.0 33.7 58.5 37.3 37.5 29.9 35.5 27.4 34.6 34.6 27.0 39.3 30.1 40.3 50.9 49.8 36.6 26.0 37.7 30.5 26.0 47.2 26.1 45.7 24.7

746 228 3,778 110 494 1,715 136 1,159 1,872 185 2,105 531 163 227 268 222 151 69 4,954 9,509 158 274 84 1,965 597

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 179

44 † 244 1 170 86 34 138 61 18 57 269 20 10 19 18 26 5 234 479 11 23 8 82 0

† † † 4 † † 13 † † † † † 0 1 † 3 0 † † † † † † † 54

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 36

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

California Allan Hancock College............................................................................. American Intercontinental University ....................................................... Art Institute of California, Los Angeles .................................................... Art Institute of California, Orange County................................................ Bakersfield College.................................................................................. Barstow College ...................................................................................... Brooks College ........................................................................................ Bryman College, Ontario ......................................................................... Bryman College, San Bernardino............................................................ Bryman College, West Los Angeles ........................................................ Bryman College, Whittier......................................................................... California College, Andon-Modesto......................................................... California Design College ........................................................................ California School of Culinary Art ............................................................. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona ..................................... California State University, Bakersfield .................................................... California State University, Channel Islands ............................................ California State University, Dominguez Hills............................................ California State University, Fresno........................................................... California State University, Fullerton........................................................ California State University, Long Beach................................................... California State University, Los Angeles .................................................. California State University, Monterey Bay................................................ California State University, Northridge..................................................... California State University, San Bernardino............................................. California State University, Stanislaus .....................................................

2 5 5 5 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

11,738 1,281 1,939 1,415 14,177 3,336 1,339 507 1,826 1,368 569 258 323 1,014 19,804 7,933 1,560 13,248 22,342 32,592 34,715 20,637 3,760 33,426 16,927 8,072

4,072 503 776 377 5,795 818 574 320 919 625 474 121 91 345 5,268 2,626 421 4,729 6,940 8,847 8,898 10,209 1,184 10,134 5,429 2,296

34.7 39.3 40.0 26.6 40.9 24.5 42.9 63.1 50.3 45.7 83.3 46.9 28.2 34.0 26.6 33.1 27.0 35.7 31.1 27.1 25.6 49.5 31.5 30.3 32.1 28.4

4,072 493 776 377 5,795 818 574 320 919 625 474 121 91 345 4,727 2,114 385 3,181 5,894 7,850 7,526 7,637 1,078 8,403 4,269 1,849

† 10 † † † † † † † † † † † † 541 512 36 1,548 1,046 997 1,372 2,572 106 1,731 1,160 447

286 4 89 9 322 102 190 2 † 1 1 4 96 151 † † † † † † † † † † † †

† 31 36 9 † † † † † † † † 21 † 649 316 27 604 784 1,304 1,087 1,248 110 1,152 690 295

† 6 † † † † † † † † † † † † 57 68 † 203 104 152 185 301 3 138 128 25

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 1 † † † † † † †

Institution 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

Doctor’s

372 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 217. Enrollment and degrees conferred in institutions that serve large proportions of Hispanic students, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04

Table 217. Enrollment and degrees conferred in institutions that serve large proportions of Hispanic students, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04—Continued Enrollment, fall 2003

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Hispanic postbaccalaureate

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Firstprofessional

Doctor’s

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

5,409 291 23,129 17,435 509 11,374 7,544 11,169 6,155 726 12,681 219 8,018 314 22,284 635 25,563 186 10,227 106 21,755 2,167 18,720 4,101 9,957 754 1,124 571 555 697 631 759 7,214 184 687 126 498 581 980 1,071 99 812 746 880 23,877 15,877 257 9,302 7,237 17,720 13,194 17,027 1,211 1,046 9,673 17,291 2,127 26,440 803

1,872 146 13,628 7,439 125 4,821 3,634 5,215 2,366 276 3,456 171 2,488 212 16,056 235 8,238 112 3,121 36 9,391 524 6,013 1,823 5,707 398 318 412 164 236 258 260 6,311 59 327 34 193 325 487 346 36 412 413 594 7,542 6,406 98 4,040 5,188 4,736 7,094 7,034 308 419 3,717 5,441 1,022 10,831 319

34.6 50.2 58.9 42.7 24.6 42.4 48.2 46.7 38.4 38.0 27.3 78.1 31.0 67.5 72.1 37.0 32.2 60.2 30.5 34.0 43.2 24.2 32.1 44.5 57.3 52.8 28.3 72.2 29.5 33.9 40.9 34.3 87.5 32.1 47.6 27.0 38.8 55.9 49.7 32.3 36.4 50.7 55.4 67.5 31.6 40.3 38.1 43.4 71.7 26.7 53.8 41.3 25.4 40.1 38.4 31.5 48.0 41.0 39.7

1,872 146 13,628 7,439 125 4,821 3,634 5,215 2,366 276 3,456 171 2,367 212 16,056 235 8,238 112 3,121 36 9,391 337 6,013 1,823 5,707 398 318 412 164 236 258 246 6,311 59 327 34 193 325 487 346 36 412 413 594 7,542 6,406 98 4,040 5,188 4,736 7,094 7,034 308 419 3,717 5,441 868 10,831 319

† † † † 0 † † † † † † † 121 † † † † † † † † 187 † † † † † † † † † 14 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 154 † †

36 32 578 423 5 305 120 265 60 18 143 59 66 26 756 7 294 55 101 12 342 0 330 87 246 101 112 135 58 78 76 4 298 18 49 8 47 79 64 76 22 98 148 27 238 315 48 153 229 200 283 258 14 5 132 289 63 500 †

† † † † 8 † † † † † † † 437 † † † † † † † † 67 † † † † † † † † † 6 † 8 20 3 0 17 10 10

† † † † 0 † † † † † † † 39 † † † † † † † † 23 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 13 † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 2 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

1

2

Canada College....................................................................................... CEI College, San Fernando Valley .......................................................... Cerritos College....................................................................................... Chaffey Community College .................................................................... Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science ............................. Citrus College .......................................................................................... College of the Desert............................................................................... College of the Sequoias .......................................................................... Compton Community College.................................................................. Concorde Career Institute ....................................................................... Cypress College ...................................................................................... D-Q University ......................................................................................... DeVry University, California ..................................................................... Don Bosco Technical Institute.................................................................. East Los Angeles College ....................................................................... East San Gabriel Valley Regional Occupational Program ....................... El Camino College................................................................................... Everest College ....................................................................................... Evergreen Valley College......................................................................... Fashion Careers of California .................................................................. Fresno City College ................................................................................. Fresno Pacific University.......................................................................... Fullerton College ..................................................................................... Gavilan College ....................................................................................... Hartnell College....................................................................................... Heald College, Fresno ............................................................................. Heald College, Hayward .......................................................................... Heald College, Salinas ............................................................................ Heald College, San Francisco ................................................................. Heald College, San Jose ......................................................................... Heald College, Stockton .......................................................................... Humphreys College, Stockton ................................................................. Imperial Valley College ............................................................................ Institute of Computer Technology ............................................................ ITT Technical Institute, Anaheim.............................................................. ITT Technical Institute, Hayward.............................................................. ITT Technical Institute, Lathrop................................................................ ITT Technical Institute, Oxnard ................................................................ ITT Technical Institute, San Bernardino................................................... ITT Technical Institute, San Diego ........................................................... ITT Technical Institute, Santa Clara......................................................... ITT Technical Institute, Sylmar................................................................. ITT Technical Institute, Torrance .............................................................. ITT Technical Institute, West Covina........................................................ Long Beach City College ......................................................................... Los Angeles City College ........................................................................ Los Angeles County College of Nurs. and Allied Health.......................... Los Angeles Harbor College.................................................................... Los Angeles Mission College .................................................................. Los Angeles Pierce College .................................................................... Los Angeles Trade Technical College ...................................................... Los Angeles Valley College ..................................................................... Maric College, San Diego........................................................................ Maric College, Vista................................................................................. Merced College ....................................................................................... Modern Technology College .................................................................... Mount Saint Mary's College..................................................................... Mount San Antonio College..................................................................... Mount Sierra College...............................................................................

2 6 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 6 2 4 5 4 2 2 2 6 2 6 2 3 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 5 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 6 2 2 3 2 5

See notes at end of table.

10 0 45 † † † † † † † † † † † † 117 † 42

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 373 Enrollment

Hispanic

Hispanic undergraduate

Total

Institution

Degrees awarded to Hispanics, 2003–04

Percent Hispanic2

Type and control1

Enrollment, fall 2003

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Hispanic

Hispanic undergraduate

Hispanic postbaccalaureate

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Firstprofessional

Doctor’s

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

3 6 3 2 3 2 2 6 6 5 5 2 2 5 2 2 6 3 2 2 1 2 6 6 6 6 6 2 2 6 6 6 2 2 6 5 6 3 2 2 3 3 5 2 5 2 2 6 5 5 6 5 3 3 2

557 1,576 1,063 7,122 911 4,082 27,876 464 149 142 368 3,214 12,146 426 16,795 29,664 413 40 11,440 15,120 887 17,131 724 740 310 622 54 9,944 23,329 313 149 279 23,401 11,348 1,397 564 442 310 18,716 5,482 207 7,471 12,368 12,096 36 4,344 9,558 378 674 803 177 679 2,275 1,374 8,357

389 821 228 4,422 248 1,114 10,159 258 81 76 187 1,558 5,892 139 11,077 10,127 121 20 4,723 4,730 747 4,511 355 393 130 276 18 3,222 11,802 122 79 152 6,632 4,298 460 212 146 24 11,097 2,053 45 2,275 2,998 4,463 18 2,058 2,460 96 327 454 86 448 548 455 2,180

69.8 52.1 21.4 62.1 27.2 27.3 36.4 55.6 54.4 53.5 50.8 48.5 48.5 32.6 66.0 34.1 29.3 50.0 41.3 31.3 84.2 26.3 49.0 53.1 41.9 44.4 33.3 32.4 50.6 39.0 53.0 54.5 28.3 37.9 32.9 37.6 33.0 7.7 59.3 37.4 21.7 30.5 24.2 36.9 50.0 47.4 25.7 25.4 48.5 56.5 48.6 66.0 24.1 33.1 26.1

273 821 184 4,422 86 1,114 10,159 258 81 76 187 1,558 5,892 137 11,077 10,127 121 20 4,723 4,730 528 4,511 355 393 130 276 18 3,222 11,802 122 79 152 6,632 4,298 460 212 146 9 11,097 2,053 45 1,410 2,531 4,463 18 2,058 2,460 96 327 454 86 448 338 427 2,180

116 † 44 † 162 † † † † † † † † 2 † † † † † † 219 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 15 † † † 865 467 † † † † † † † † † 210 28 †

† 2 † 243 † 33 504 5 42 23 80 78 243 11 439 537 0 † 259 164 † 308 155 214 36 99 6 55 658 9 47 10 290 108 50 † 5 † 560 31 0 0 † 303 2 155 58 26 79 74 64 105 † † 172

10 † 8 † 41 † † † † 0 0 † † 3 † † † 11 † † 124 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 14 † † 1 239 236 † 0 † † † 13 5 8 25 60 61 †

† † 20 † 22 † † † † † † † † 2 † † † † † † 28 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 3 † † † 190 56 † † † † † † † † † 10 11 †

† † 29 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 1 † † † † † † † † † † 20 † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 8 † † † † † † † † † † † † †

1 5

8,472 449

1,125 119

13.3 26.5

656 119

469 †

9 31

59 0

36 †

† †

† †

Total

1

2

National Hispanic University .................................................................... National Institute of Technology............................................................... New College of California ........................................................................ Oxnard College........................................................................................ Pacific Oaks College................................................................................ Palo Verde College .................................................................................. Pasadena City College ............................................................................ Pima Medical Institute ............................................................................. Platt College, Cerritos.............................................................................. Platt College, Los Angeles ...................................................................... Platt College, Ontario .............................................................................. Porterville College ................................................................................... Reedley College ...................................................................................... Remington College, San Diego ............................................................... Rio Hondo College .................................................................................. Riverside Community College ................................................................. Sage College ........................................................................................... Saint John's Seminary College................................................................ San Bernardino Valley College................................................................ San Diego City College ........................................................................... San Diego State University, Imperial Valley Campus............................... San Joaquin Delta College ...................................................................... San Joaquin Valley College, Bakersfield ................................................. San Joaquin Valley College, Fresno ........................................................ San Joaquin Valley College, Rancho Cucamonga .................................. San Joaquin Valley College, Visalia ........................................................ San Joaquin Valley College, Fresno Aviation Campus ............................ San Jose City College ............................................................................. Santa Ana College................................................................................... Santa Barbara Business College, Bakersfield ......................................... Santa Barbara Business College, Santa Barbara.................................... Santa Barbara Business College, Santa Maria Branch........................... Santa Monica College ............................................................................. Santiago Canyon College ........................................................................ Sequoia Institute...................................................................................... Silicon Valley College .............................................................................. South Coast College................................................................................ Southern California Institute of Architecture ............................................ Southwestern College ............................................................................. Taft College.............................................................................................. Trinity Life Bible College........................................................................... University of La Verne.............................................................................. University of Phoenix, Southern California .............................................. Ventura College ....................................................................................... West Coast University ............................................................................. West Hills Community College ................................................................ West Los Angeles College....................................................................... Western Career College .......................................................................... Westwood College of Technology, Anaheim ............................................ Westwood College of Technology, Lai...................................................... Westwood College of Technology, Long Beach ....................................... Westwood College of Technology, Wilshire.............................................. Whittier College ....................................................................................... Woodbury University................................................................................ Yuba College............................................................................................ Colorado Adams State College............................................................................... College America, Denver.........................................................................

Institution

See notes at end of table.

Degrees awarded to Hispanics, 2003–04

Percent Hispanic2

Type and control1

374 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 217. Enrollment and degrees conferred in institutions that serve large proportions of Hispanic students, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04—Continued

Table 217. Enrollment and degrees conferred in institutions that serve large proportions of Hispanic students, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04—Continued Enrollment, fall 2003

Degrees awarded to Hispanics, 2003–04 Hispanic undergraduate

Hispanic postbaccalaureate

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Firstprofessional

Doctor’s

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1 2 6 2 6 6 2 2

5,835 9,008 992 1,650 1,096 560 5,747 2,022

1,495 2,558 270 494 420 144 1,815 823

25.6 28.4 27.2 29.9 38.3 25.7 31.6 40.7

1,427 2,558 270 494 420 144 1,815 823

68 † † † † † † †

† 90 27 53 57 8 141 46

192 † † † † † † †

3 † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † †

Connecticut Capital Community College ..................................................................... Gibbs College ..........................................................................................

2 6

3,381 1,154

880 316

26.0 27.4

880 316

† †

43 58

† †

† †

† †

† †

Florida AI Miami International U. of Art and Design ............................................ Art Institute of Fort Lauderdale................................................................ Barry University ....................................................................................... Carlos Albizu University, Miami Campus ................................................. City College, Casselberry ........................................................................ City College, Miami.................................................................................. College of Business And Technology ...................................................... DeVry University, Florida ......................................................................... Florida Career College ............................................................................ Florida College of Natural Health ............................................................ Florida International University ................................................................ Florida Metropolitan University, South Orlando ....................................... Florida Metropolitan University, Tampa.................................................... Florida National College .......................................................................... Herzing College ....................................................................................... High-Tech Institute, Orlando .................................................................... International Academy of Design And Technology .................................. ITT Technical Institute, Fort Lauderdale .................................................. ITT Technical Institute, Miami .................................................................. Jones College, Miami Campus................................................................ Miami-Dade College ................................................................................ Nova Southeastern University ................................................................. Saint John Vianney College Seminary .................................................... Saint Thomas University.......................................................................... Trinity International University.................................................................. University of Phoenix, Fort Lauderdale.................................................... Yeshivah Gedolah Rabbinical College .....................................................

5 5 3 3 4 3 6 5 6 6 1 5 5 6 5 6 5 5 5 3 1 3 3 3 3 5 3

1,277 3,641 9,042 850 251 272 141 2,487 2,131 168 33,228 2,217 1,995 1,418 110 824 628 624 494 195 58,490 23,522 58 2,520 216 2,043 128

752 1,271 2,959 654 81 173 122 693 1,090 115 18,107 656 639 1,304 32 278 219 180 393 131 37,474 3,917 21 1,032 75 541 117

58.9 34.9 32.7 76.9 32.3 63.6 86.5 27.9 51.1 68.5 54.5 29.6 32.0 92.0 29.1 33.7 34.9 28.8 79.6 67.2 64.1 16.7 36.2 41.0 34.7 26.5 91.4

742 1,271 2,207 305 81 173 122 619 1,090 115 15,583 622 615 1,304 32 278 219 180 393 131 37,474 1,343 20 575 59 431 117

10 † 752 349 † † † 74 † † 2,524 34 24 † † † † † † † † 2,574 1 457 16 110 †

54 104 † † 42 66 59 14 228 20 † 82 63 123 1 129 55 44 114 † 3,220 0 † † † 0 †

72 142 514 47 † † † 21 † † 2,588 33 13 † 0 † 0 14 0 † 0 228 4 158 22 51 0

4 † 206 72 † † † 17 † † 721 9 5 † † † † † † † † 488 † 45 2 17 †

† † 31 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 172 † 46 † † †

† † 10 22 † † † † † † 10 † † † † † † † † † † 41 † † † † †

Illinois City Colleges of Chicago, Harry S Truman College ................................. City Colleges of Chicago, Malcolm X College ......................................... City Colleges of Chicago, Richard J. Daley College ................................ City Colleges of Chicago, Wilbur Wright College..................................... Fox College, Inc. ...................................................................................... ITT Technical Institute, Burr Ridge........................................................... ITT Technical Institute, Mount Prospect................................................... MacCormac College ................................................................................ Morton College ........................................................................................ Northeastern Illinois University................................................................ Northwestern Business College .............................................................. Saint Augustine College .......................................................................... Westwood College of Technology, O'Hare Airport ...................................

2 2 2 2 6 6 5 4 2 1 6 3 5

15,415 8,026 11,203 12,314 267 364 608 377 4,809 11,825 1,117 1,710 425

8,291 2,354 6,989 5,851 159 153 179 99 3,354 2,946 373 1,472 145

53.8 29.3 62.4 47.5 59.6 42.0 29.4 26.3 69.7 24.9 33.4 86.1 34.1

8,291 2,354 6,989 5,851 159 153 179 99 3,354 2,615 373 1,472 145

† † † † † † † † † 331 † † †

42 30 137 134 64 23 37 23 109 † 47 183 68

† † † † † † 32 † † 245 † 14 0

† † † † † † † † † 61 † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † †

Kansas Donnelly College .....................................................................................

4

641

245

38.2

245

†

20

†

†

†

†

Total

1

2

Colorado State University, Pueblo ........................................................... Community College of Denver................................................................. Denver Automotive and Diesel College ................................................... Otero Junior College................................................................................ Parks College .......................................................................................... Pima Medical Institute ............................................................................. Pueblo Community College ..................................................................... Trinidad State Junior College...................................................................

Institution

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 375 Enrollment

Hispanic

Percent Hispanic2

Type and control1

Enrollment, fall 2003

Degrees awarded to Hispanics, 2003–04

Hispanic

Percent Hispanic2

Hispanic undergraduate

Hispanic postbaccalaureate

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Firstprofessional

Doctor’s

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

6 4

855 610

214 267

25.0 43.8

214 267

† †

7 8

† †

† †

† †

† †

New Jersey Berkeley College...................................................................................... Gibbs College .......................................................................................... Hudson County Community College ....................................................... New Jersey City University ...................................................................... Passaic County Community College ....................................................... Saint Peter's College ............................................................................... Union County College..............................................................................

5 6 2 1 2 3 2

2,200 1,651 6,408 9,361 6,494 2,952 10,399

764 526 3,004 2,682 3,278 780 2,771

34.7 31.9 46.9 28.7 50.5 26.4 26.6

764 526 3,004 2,101 3,278 674 2,771

† † † 581 † 106 †

96 147 152 † 107 2 82

63 † † 259 † 80 †

† † † 80 † 41 †

† † † † † † †

† † † † † † †

New Mexico Albuquerque Technical Vocational Institute ............................................. Art Center Design College, Albuquerque ................................................ Clovis Community College....................................................................... College of the Southwest......................................................................... Eastern New Mexico University, Main Campus ....................................... Eastern New Mexico University, Roswell Campus................................... International Institute of the Americas ..................................................... ITT Technical Institute.............................................................................. Luna Community College ........................................................................ Mesalands Community College............................................................... Metropolitan College................................................................................ National American University .................................................................. National American University, Albuquerque............................................. New Mexico Highlands University............................................................ New Mexico Junior College ..................................................................... New Mexico State University, Alamogordo .............................................. New Mexico State University, Carlsbad ................................................... New Mexico State University, Dona Ana.................................................. New Mexico State University, Grants....................................................... New Mexico State University, Main Campus ........................................... Northern New Mexico Community College.............................................. Pima Medical Institute ............................................................................. Santa Fe Community College.................................................................. University of New Mexico, Los Alamos Campus...................................... University of New Mexico, Main Campus................................................. University of New Mexico, Taos Branch ................................................... University of New Mexico, Valencia County Branch................................. University of Phoenix, New Mexico Campus ........................................... Western New Mexico University ..............................................................

2 5 2 3 1 2 3 5 2 2 3 5 5 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 6 2 2 1 2 2 5 1

22,077 267 3,093 894 3,706 4,002 134 532 2,096 498 202 276 255 3,378 2,222 1,850 1,236 5,590 636 16,174 2,035 397 4,144 931 25,686 1,216 1,655 3,740 2,972

9,549 99 942 237 1,035 1,680 88 268 1,769 183 114 113 87 1,712 888 597 638 4,002 219 8,302 1,439 218 1,824 372 7,794 635 920 2,311 1,417

43.3 37.1 30.5 26.5 27.9 42.0 65.7 50.4 84.4 36.7 56.4 40.9 34.1 50.7 40.0 32.3 51.6 71.6 34.4 51.3 70.7 54.9 44.0 40.0 30.3 52.2 55.6 61.8 47.7

9,549 99 942 196 910 1,680 88 268 1,769 183 114 113 87 1,075 888 597 638 4,002 219 7,004 1,439 218 1,824 372 6,208 635 920 1,943 1,262

† † † 41 125 † † † † † † † † 637 † † † † † 1,298 † † † † 1,586 † † 368 155

361 10 59 † 5 72 † 55 79 12 16 5 5 0 67 50 35 207 9 26 81 16 74 22 5 30 47 2 58

† 2 † 28 140 † † 9 † † 2 26 19 178 † † † † † 902 0 † † † 872 † † 272 59

† † † 7 7 † † † † † † † † 83 † † † † † 202 † † † † 222 † † 77 24

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 57 † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 14 † † † † 20 † † † †

New York Art Institute of New York City ................................................................... ASA Institute of Business and Computer Technology.............................. Berkeley College, New York..................................................................... Berkeley College, White Plains................................................................ Boricua College ....................................................................................... College of Aeronautics ............................................................................ College of Mount Saint Vincent ............................................................... CUNY, Borough of Manhattan Community College ................................. CUNY, Bronx Community College ........................................................... CUNY, City College.................................................................................. CUNY, Hostos Community College.......................................................... CUNY, John Jay College Criminal Justice ............................................... CUNY, La Guardia Community College...................................................

6 6 5 5 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 1 2

1,512 2,977 1,872 625 1,264 1,316 1,626 18,465 7,952 12,459 3,705 13,026 12,768

528 950 645 160 1,012 551 492 5,299 3,867 3,368 2,194 4,454 4,668

34.9 31.9 34.5 25.6 80.1 41.9 30.3 28.7 48.6 27.0 59.2 34.2 36.6

528 950 645 160 986 551 430 5,299 3,867 2,644 2,194 4,229 4,668

† † † † 26 † 62 † † 724 † 225 †

57 223 69 † 161 34 0 482 302 † 198 47 406

† † 104 † 131 31 62 † † 288 † 413 †

† † † † 2 † 22 † † 108 † 35 †

† † † † † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † †

Type and control1

Total

1

2

Massachusetts Gibbs College, Boston............................................................................. Urban College of Boston .........................................................................

Institution

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

376 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 217. Enrollment and degrees conferred in institutions that serve large proportions of Hispanic students, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04—Continued

Table 217. Enrollment and degrees conferred in institutions that serve large proportions of Hispanic students, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04—Continued Enrollment, fall 2003

Degrees awarded to Hispanics, 2003–04 Hispanic undergraduate

Hispanic postbaccalaureate

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Firstprofessional

Doctor’s

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1 1 5 6 6 3 5 6 6 6 6 6

9,712 11,380 1,996 2,539 3,453 10,109 4,028 747 925 3,108 973 438

4,009 2,969 536 1,100 1,443 3,095 2,073 336 332 1,564 293 196

41.3 26.1 26.9 43.3 41.8 30.6 51.5 45.0 35.9 50.3 30.1 44.7

3,481 2,969 513 1,100 1,443 2,189 2,073 336 332 1,564 293 196

528 † 23 † † 906 † † † † † †

† 198 18 92 415 64 462 75 33 487 81 45

404 93 50 † † 414 210 † † † † †

129 † 1 † † 352 † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † †

Oregon Mount Angel Seminary ............................................................................

3

162

31

19.1

27

4

†

2

0

1

†

Pennsylvania Pace Institute ...........................................................................................

6

327

98

30.0

98

†

11

†

†

†

†

Texas Academy of Health Care Professions...................................................... Art Institute of Houston............................................................................ ATI Career Training Center ...................................................................... Austin Business College .......................................................................... Border Institute of Technology ................................................................. Center For Advanced Legal Studies........................................................ Coastal Bend College.............................................................................. Computer Career Center ......................................................................... Del Mar College....................................................................................... El Centro College .................................................................................... El Paso Community College .................................................................... Everest College ....................................................................................... Hallmark Institute of Technology.............................................................. Houston Community College System...................................................... Howard County Junior College District .................................................... ITT Technical Institute, Arlington.............................................................. ITT Technical Institute, Austin.................................................................. ITT Technical Institute, Houston, S. Gessner........................................... ITT Technical Institute, Houston, Blue Ash Dr. ........................................ ITT Technical Institute, Houston, Bay Area Blvd...................................... ITT Technical Institute, Richardson.......................................................... ITT Technical Institute, San Antonio ........................................................ Laredo Community College ..................................................................... Midland College....................................................................................... Mountain View College ............................................................................ MTI College of Bus. and Tech., Houston, Regency Square .................... MTI College of Bus. and Tech., Houston, Space Park Dr. ....................... Northwest Vista College .......................................................................... Northwood University .............................................................................. Odessa College ....................................................................................... Our Lady of the Lake University, San Antonio ......................................... Palo Alto College ..................................................................................... Remington College, Dallas ...................................................................... Remington College, Fort Worth ............................................................... Saint Edward's University ........................................................................ Saint Mary's University ............................................................................ Saint Philips College................................................................................ San Antonio College................................................................................ San Jacinto College, Central Campus.....................................................

6 5 6 6 6 5 2 6 2 2 2 6 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 2 2 2 6 6 2 3 2 3 2 6 6 3 3 2 2 2

554 1,651 875 282 173 224 3,660 414 11,338 5,884 24,569 186 790 37,846 2,659 566 800 643 664 510 769 815 8,297 5,405 6,410 795 284 7,639 1,116 4,786 3,245 7,352 764 652 4,443 4,118 9,490 20,831 22,747

177 500 285 92 113 51 2,213 355 6,507 1,573 20,744 48 437 10,019 750 164 302 245 218 212 212 481 7,856 1,612 2,619 464 127 3,424 262 2,102 1,893 4,684 210 173 1,225 2,317 4,781 9,733 6,846

31.9 30.3 32.6 32.6 65.3 22.8 60.5 85.7 57.4 26.7 84.4 25.8 55.3 26.5 28.2 29.0 37.8 38.1 32.8 41.6 27.6 59.0 94.7 29.8 40.9 58.4 44.7 44.8 23.5 43.9 58.3 63.7 27.5 26.5 27.6 56.3 50.4 46.7 30.1

177 500 285 92 113 45 2,213 355 6,507 1,573 20,744 48 437 10,019 750 164 302 245 218 212 212 481 7,856 1,612 2,619 464 127 3,424 262 2,102 1,436 4,684 210 173 1,082 1,787 4,781 9,733 6,846

† † † † † 6 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 457 † † † 143 530 † † †

5 108 † 11 56 22 149 † 421 75 1,020 0 161 380 65 48 78 66 96 57 54 124 869 251 149 86 39 115 23 119 † 221 36 10 † † 231 382 328

† 3 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 36 † 237 † † † 206 318 † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 159 † † † 42 102 † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 58 † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 4 † † † † 2 † † †

Total

1

2

CUNY, Lehman College........................................................................... CUNY, New York City College of Technology........................................... DeVry Inst. of Tech. & Keller Grad. School of Management.................... Interboro Institute..................................................................................... Katharine Gibbs School, New York City................................................... Mercy College, Main Campus.................................................................. Monroe College, Main Campus ............................................................... Plaza Business Institute .......................................................................... Taylor Business Institute .......................................................................... Technical Career Institutes ...................................................................... Westchester Business Institute................................................................ Wood Tobe, Coburn School .....................................................................

Institution

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 377 Enrollment

Hispanic

Percent Hispanic2

Type and control1

Enrollment, fall 2003

Degrees awarded to Hispanics, 2003–04

Hispanic

Percent Hispanic2

Hispanic undergraduate

Hispanic postbaccalaureate

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Firstprofessional

Doctor’s

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

2 2 6 2 1 1 1 1 6 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 2 6 6 6 6 6

15,334 142 78 4,753 3,038 4,078 7,861 6,856 496 4,028 10,604 18,542 24,665 2,754 3,028 15,914 10,974 4,826 4,333 4,277 591 592 399 404 472

14,540 38 25 3,821 1,751 3,629 2,861 4,207 128 3,423 9,765 13,165 11,218 759 996 13,770 3,839 1,211 2,389 1,302 222 424 354 131 134

94.8 26.8 32.1 80.4 57.6 89.0 36.4 61.4 25.8 85.0 92.1 71.0 45.5 27.6 32.9 86.5 35.0 25.1 55.1 30.4 37.6 71.6 88.7 32.4 28.4

14,540 38 25 3,821 1,269 2,890 2,324 3,666 128 3,423 9,162 11,195 9,906 375 853 12,231 3,813 531 2,119 1,302 222 424 354 131 134

† † † † 482 739 537 541 † † 603 1,970 1,312 384 143 1,539 26 680 270 † † † † † †

969 1 15 400 1 † † † 59 236 † † † † † 0 † † 0 65 13 150 178 14 43

† † † † 210 558 422 476 † † 609 1,461 1,357 135 118 1,477 374 83 409 † † † † † †

† † † † 100 115 141 125 † † 97 435 247 37 15 306 15 46 79 † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † 50 † † † 2 † † † † † † †

† † † † † † 2 13 † † † 6 1 3 † 4 † 0 4 † † † † † †

Virginia ITT Technical Institute, Chantilly ..............................................................

6

165

42

25.5

42

†

0

†

†

†

†

Washington Heritage College...................................................................................... Yakima Valley Community College...........................................................

3 2

1,270 4,484

522 1,191

41.1 26.6

437 1,191

85 †

9 139

47 †

38 †

† †

† †

Puerto Rico American University of Puerto Rico, Bayamon ........................................ American University of Puerto Rico, Manati ............................................ Atlantic College........................................................................................ Bayamon Central University .................................................................... Cagus Institute of Mechanical Technology .............................................. Caribbean University, Bayamon............................................................... Caribbean University, Carolina ................................................................ Caribbean University, Ponce.................................................................... Caribbean University, Vega Baja.............................................................. Carlos Albizu University........................................................................... Centro de Estudios Multidisciplinarios, Humacao ................................... Centro de Estudios Multidisciplinarios, Rio Piedras ................................ Colegio Biblico Pentecostal de Puerto Rico ............................................ Colegio Pentecostal Mizpa ...................................................................... Colegio Tecnologico de San Juan ........................................................... Columbia College, Caguas...................................................................... Columbia College, Yauco......................................................................... Conservatory of Music of Puerto Rico..................................................... Electronic Data Processing Col. of PR, Inc., Hato Rey ........................... Electronic Data Processing Col. of PR, Inc., San Sbstn.......................... Escuela de Artes Plasticas de Puerto Rico............................................. Huertas Junior College ............................................................................ Humacao Community College................................................................. ICPR Junior College, Arecibo .................................................................. ICPR Junior College, General Institutional ..............................................

3 3 3 3 6 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 1 5 5 1 5 5 1 6 4 6 6

1,889 1,757 646 3,480 1,908 1,909 990 1,004 1,031 846 367 1,537 234 48 906 864 329 290 994 654 488 1,606 447 383 416

1,889 1,757 646 3,480 1,908 1,909 990 1,004 1,031 846 367 1,537 228 48 906 864 329 290 994 654 488 1,606 447 383 416

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 97.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1,888 1,757 589 3,019 1,908 1,615 673 580 596 190 367 1,537 228 48 906 811 329 290 917 654 488 1,606 447 383 416

1 † 57 461 † 294 317 424 435 656 † † † † † 53 † † 77 † † † † † †

37 31 32 27 † 17 27 33 23 † † 67 † 8 190 120 59 † 57 82 † 445 99 91 86

216 197 96 309 † 90 78 34 29 76 † † 16 2 43 95 17 29 58 47 38 † † † †

4 0 32 80 † 17 0 26 19 104 † † † † † † † † 19 † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † 56 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

Type and control1

Total

1

2

South Texas Community College............................................................. Southwest College Institute for the Deaf ................................................. Southwest Institute of Technology ........................................................... Southwest Texas Junior College.............................................................. Sul Ross State University ........................................................................ Texas A & M International University ....................................................... Texas A & M University, Corpus Christi ................................................... Texas A & M University, Kingsville ........................................................... Texas Culinary Academy ......................................................................... Texas State Technical College, Harlingen................................................ University of Texas at Brownsville............................................................ University of Texas at El Paso.................................................................. University of Texas at San Antonio .......................................................... University of Texas Health Science, San Antonio .................................... University of Texas of Permian Basin....................................................... University of Texas, Pan American .......................................................... University of Houston, Downtown............................................................ University of St. Thomas.......................................................................... University of the Incarnate Word ............................................................. Victoria College ....................................................................................... Virginia College at Austin......................................................................... Western Technical Institute, El Paso, Diana St. ....................................... Western Technical Institute, El Paso, Texas St. ....................................... Westwood College of Technology, Dallas ................................................ Westwood College of Technology, Fort Worth .........................................

Institution

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

378 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 217. Enrollment and degrees conferred in institutions that serve large proportions of Hispanic students, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04—Continued

Table 217. Enrollment and degrees conferred in institutions that serve large proportions of Hispanic students, by selected characteristics and institution: Fall 2003 and 2003–04—Continued Enrollment, fall 2003

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Hispanic postbaccalaureate

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Firstprofessional

Doctor’s

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

517 642 696 583 4,197 4,626 2,313 5,264 2,189 2,333 10,655 5,134 6,258 183 406 1,507 2,467 466 1,170 784 1,823 7,468 285 479 1,565 864 358 9,753 12,418 8,870 5,702 1,735 4,300 3,497 4,599 5,324 3,987 4,440 12,148 2,360 3,879 21,909 1,674 5,210

517 642 696 583 4,197 4,626 2,313 5,264 2,189 2,333 10,655 5,134 6,258 183 406 1,507 2,467 466 1,170 784 1,823 7,468 285 479 1,565 826 346 9,753 12,418 8,870 5,702 1,633 4,300 3,497 4,599 5,324 3,987 4,437 12,148 2,333 3,879 21,880 1,674 5,210

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 95.6 96.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 94.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 98.9 100.0 99.9 100.0 100.0

517 642 696 583 4,187 4,381 2,313 5,264 2,189 2,303 7,159 5,134 5,206 183 406 1,507 2,467 466 1,170 526 1,679 5,671 285 479 1,565 783 79 9,632 10,385 7,517 5,071 404 4,300 3,497 4,599 5,324 3,987 4,437 11,079 512 3,879 17,850 1,674 4,560

† † † † 10 245 † † † 30 3,496 † 1,052 † † † † † † 258 144 1,797 † † † 43 267 121 2,033 1,353 631 1,229 † † † † † † 1,069 1,821 † 4,030 † 650

131 165 166 156 29 54 10 29 32 42 38 89 31 29 0 192 355 0 35 9 3 7 26 107 77 18 19 137 41 74 † † 91 81 70 106 3 118 † 30 117 † 44 5

† † † † 157 407 164 372 252 209 1,087 478 506 † 0 29 14 † † 67 188 785 † † † 65 † 758 750 573 479 19 496 414 619 622 494 539 1,575 182 434 2,426 113 582

† † † † † 46 † † † 18 731 † 211 † † † † † † † 12 168 † † † 8 9 6 425 378 112 213 † † † † † † 207 194 † 302 † 42

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 139 † † † † 52 † † † † † † † † † † † † 173 † 184 † †

† † † † † † † † † † 22 † 1 † † † † † † † † 10 † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † 6 7 † 55 † †

1

2

ICPR Junior College, Mayaguez.............................................................. Instituto Tecnologico de PR, Recinto de Ponce ....................................... Instituto Tecnologico de PR, Recinto de San Juan.................................. Instituto Tecnologico de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Guayama.................... Inter American U. of Puerto Rico, Aguadilla ............................................ Inter American U. of Puerto Rico, Arecibo............................................... Inter American U. of Puerto Rico, Barranquitas....................................... Inter American U. of Puerto Rico, Bayamon ............................................ Inter American U. of Puerto Rico, Fajardo ............................................... Inter American U. of Puerto Rico, Guayama............................................ Inter American U. of Puerto Rico, Metro.................................................. Inter American U. of Puerto Rico, Ponce ................................................. Inter American U. of Puerto Rico, San German ...................................... International Junior College..................................................................... John Dewey College, University Division................................................. National College of Business and Techn., Arecibo .................................. National College of Business and Techn., Bayamon ............................... National College of Business and Techn., Rio Grande............................ Ponce Paramedical College, Inc.............................................................. Pontifical Catholic U. of Puerto Rico, Arecibo.......................................... Pontifical Catholic U. of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez...................................... Pontifical Catholic U. of Puerto Rico, Ponce ............................................ Puerto Rico Technical Junior College, Inc. .............................................. Ramirez College of Business and Technology......................................... Universal Technology College of Puerto Rico.......................................... Universidad Adventista de las Antillas..................................................... Universidad Central del Caribe................................................................ Universidad del Este................................................................................ Universidad del Turabo ............................................................................ Universidad Metropolitana ....................................................................... Universidad Politecnica de Puerto Rico................................................... University of Phoenix, Puerto Rico Campus............................................ University of Puerto Rico in Carolina....................................................... University of Puerto Rico, Aguadilla ........................................................ University of Puerto Rico, Arecibo........................................................... University of Puerto Rico, Bayamon ........................................................ University of Puerto Rico, Cayey University College ............................... University of Puerto Rico, Humacao........................................................ University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez....................................................... University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus............................. University of Puerto Rico, Ponce ............................................................. University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus ...................................... University of Puerto Rico, Utuado............................................................ University of Sacred Heart.......................................................................

6 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 6 3 5 5 6 6 3 3 3 6 6 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3

†Not applicable. 11=public, 4-year; 2=public, 2-year; 3=private, not-for-profit, 4-year; 4=private, not-for-profit, 2-year; 5=private, for-profit, 4-year; and 6=private, for-profit, 2-year. 2 Hispanic students who are U.S. citizens or resident aliens as a percent of total enrollment, including nonresident aliens. 3This table includes institutions that serve large proportions of Hispanic students, defined as institutions with a full-time-equivalent undergraduate enrollment of Hispanic students at 25 percent or more of full-time-equivalent undergraduate enrollment

of U.S. citizens. The percentage appearing in column 5 is the Hispanic total headcount enrollment as a percentage of total headcount enrollment, including both resident and nonresident students, as well as undergraduate and graduate students. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 and 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004 and Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 379 Enrollment

Hispanic

Hispanic undergraduate

Total

Institution

Degrees awarded to Hispanics, 2003–04

Percent Hispanic2

Type and control1

Table 218. Enrollment and degrees conferred in tribally controlled institutions, by institution: Fall 1998 through fall 2003, and 2001–02 through 2003–04 Associate’s degrees awarded to American Indians/Alaska Natives

Total enrollment

Bachelor’s degrees awarded to American Indians/Alaska Natives

Fall 2003 Percent American Indian/ Alaska Native

American Indian/ Alaska Native, undergraduate

Type and control1

Fall 1998

Fall 1999

Fall 2000

Fall 2001

Fall 2002

Total

American Indian/ Alaska Native

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

2001–02

2002–03

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Tribally controlled institutions ...............................

†

13,940

14,400

13,589

14,040

15,837

17,787

14,220

79.9

14,092

1,179

1,065

1,309

139

150

160

Arizona Diné College ................................................................. Tohono O’odham Community College ..........................

2 4

1,875 —

1,881 —

1,712 —

1,685 —

1,822 —

1,878 181

1,837 172

97.8 95.0

1,837 172

314 —

137 —

226 5

† —

† —

† †

California D-Q University...............................................................

4

225

257

172

193

251

219

42

19.2

42

13

6

4

†

†

†

Kansas Haskell Indian Nations University .................................

1

779

885

918

967

887

918

918

100.0

918

63

108

122

24

44

74

Michigan Bay Mills Community College ....................................... Saginaw Chippewa Tribal College.................................

2 2

369 —

321 —

360 —

368 —

430 41

386 66

230 57

59.6 86.4

230 57

18 2

15 0

13 6

† †

† †

† †

Minnesota Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College ................. Leech Lake Tribal College............................................. White Earth Tribal and Community College ..................

2 2 4

701 228 —

935 222 99

999 240 —

1,023 174 79

1,315 244 99

1,735 162 81

359 147 51

20.7 90.7 63.0

359 147 51

22 8 3

21 9 7

22 15 2

† † †

† † †

† † †

Montana Blackfeet Community College ....................................... Chief Dull Knife College ................................................ Fort Belknap College .................................................... Fort Peck Community College ...................................... Little Big Horn College.................................................. Salish Kootenai College................................................ Stone Child College ......................................................

4 4 2 2 2 3 2

396 448 163 316 324 1,016 255

291 448 266 370 207 1,075 188

299 461 295 400 320 1,042 38

341 442 170 419 203 976 242

418 268 158 443 275 1,109 83

546 442 215 419 394 1,100 434

526 339 189 325 392 845 318

96.3 76.7 87.9 77.6 99.5 76.8 73.3

526 339 189 325 392 845 318

77 23 27 20 4 48 23

62 20 26 28 12 43 8

68 24 27 33 23 49 23

† † † † † 20 †

† † † † † 27 †

† † † † † 11 †

Nebraska Little Priest Tribal College ............................................. Nebraska Indian Community College ...........................

4 4

— 186

147 186

141 170

88 191

146 118

130 190

110 163

84.6 85.8

110 163

7 4

5 7

5 15

† †

† †

† †

New Mexico Crownpoint Institute of Technology ............................... Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute ....................

4 1 2

227 109 653

270 133 643

841 139 304

299 44 723

283 155 777

300 154 936

297 140 936

99.0 90.9 100.0

297 140 936

33 17 46

25 28 49

22 21 65

† 2 †

† 7 †

† 9 †

Institution 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

2003–04

380 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

_

Table 218. Enrollment and degrees conferred in tribally controlled institutions, by institution: Fall 1998 through fall 2003, and 2001–02 through 2003–04—Continued Total enrollment

Associate’s degrees awarded to American Indians/Alaska Natives

Bachelor’s degrees awarded to American Indians/Alaska Natives

Fall 2003

Institution

Type and control1

Fall 1998

Fall 1999

Fall 2000

Fall 2001

Fall 2002

Total

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Percent American Indian/ Alaska Native

American Indian/ Alaska Native, undergraduate

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

North Dakota Candeska Cikana Community College ......................... Fort Berthold Community College................................. Sitting Bull College........................................................ Turtle Mountain Community College............................. United Tribes Technical College....................................

2 2 2 1 4

124 291 231 624 311

134 285 233 665 299

9 50 22 686 204

169 50 194 684 302

160 249 214 897 463

190 274 317 959 466

179 252 274 899 416

94.2 92.0 86.4 93.7 89.3

179 252 274 899 416

16 26 32 45 63

11 29 22 60 58

19 36 34 78 80

† † † 16 †

† † † 2 †

† † † 7 †

South Dakota Oglala Lakota College................................................... Si Tanka Huron University, Eagle Butte Campus .......... Sinte Gleska University................................................. Sisseton-Wahpeton College .........................................

1 1 1 2

1,137 215 1,041 201

1,198 215 910 219

1,174 59 900 250

1,270 51 895 275

1,279 434 787 285

1,441 209 1,055 287

1,281 198 776 241

88.9 94.7 73.6 84.0

1,179 198 750 241

62 7 26 36

72 18 44 23

73 15 51 18

34 17 26 †

38 17 15 †

34 12 13 †

Washington Northwest Indian College..............................................

2

695

548

524

600

667

643

500

77.8

500

21

41

27

†

†

†

Wisconsin College of the Menominee Nation ................................ Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwa Community College...........

4 2

249 551

385 485

371 489

407 516

530 550

499 561

393 418

78.8 74.5

393 418

28 45

28 43

41 47

† †

† †

† †

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 1=public, 4-year; 2=public, 2-year; 3=private not-for-profit, 4-year; and 4=private not-for-profit, 2-year. NOTE: These colleges are, with few exceptions, tribally controlled and located on reservations. They are all members of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1998 through 2003 and 2001–02 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:98–99); Fall 2002 through Fall 2004; and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 381 Enrollment

382 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment

Table 219. Fall enrollment, degrees conferred, and expenditures in degree-granting historically Black colleges and universities, by institution: 2002–03, 2003, and 2003–04 Enrollment, fall 2003

Institution 1

Type and control1

Enrollment, fall 2002

2 2

Total.........................................................................

Total

Degrees conferred, 2003–04

Black enrollment

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

FirstMaster’s professional

Total expenditures, 2002–03, in thousands of Doctor’s dollars

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

299,041

306,727

253,257

3,556

30,194

6,900

1,428

351

$5,186,285

Alabama A&M University, AL3 ......................................... Alabama State University, AL .......................................... Bishop State Community College, AL.............................. Concordia College, AL..................................................... Gadsden State Community College, AL .......................... H. Councill Trenholm State Technical College, Trenholm, AL................................................................ J. F. Drake Technical College, AL..................................... Lawson State Community College, AL ............................ Miles College, AL............................................................. Oakwood College, AL...................................................... Shelton State Community College, C. A. Fredd campus, AL.................................................................. Stillman College, AL ........................................................ Talladega College, AL...................................................... Tuskegee University, AL3 .................................................

1 1 2 3 2

5,914 6,038 4,439 968 5,187

6,588 6,024 5,222 851 5,859

5,665 5,543 3,199 778 1,100

0 1 345 26 378

589 589 † 19 †

262 220 † † †

† † † † †

5 1 † † †

97,851 72,068 21,882 5,198 25,302

2 2 2 3 3

694 812 2,168 1,794 1,783

672 795 2,433 1,660 1,787

514 456 2,360 1,644 1,614

219 54 120 † 16

† † † 219 350

† † † † †

† † † † †

† † † † †

8,494 5,141 14,401 20,421 33,355

2 3 3 3

257 1,441 417 3,001

300 1,200 468 2,763

161 1,175 464 2,581

15 † † †

† 172 69 412

† † † 42

† † † 52

† † † 0

4,621 24,554 11,692 101,410

Arkansas Baptist College, AR ......................................... Philander Smith College, AR ........................................... University of Arkansas, Pine Bluff, AR3 ...........................

3 3 1

215 907 3,200

375 887 3,251

375 856 3,074

† † 0

16 128 334

† † 34

† † †

† † †

4,690 17,174 51,535

Delaware State University, DE3 .......................................

1

3,367

3,178

2,589

†

419

90

†

†

59,278

Howard University, DC..................................................... University of the District of Columbia, DC3 ...................... University of the District of Columbia, David A. Clark, School of Law, DC .......................................................

3 1

10,517 5,468

10,658 5,241

9,083 4,287

† 138

1,342 302

378 67

415 †

99 †

676,498 89,101

1

135

183

63

†

†

†

25

†

4,927

Bethune-Cookman College, FL ....................................... Edward Waters College, FL ............................................. Florida A&M University, FL3 ............................................. Florida Memorial College, FL ..........................................

3 3 1 3

2,584 1,282 12,464 2,321

2,794 1,301 13,013 2,176

2,551 1,256 12,104 1,829

† † 52 †

276 132 1,604 249

† † 401 †

† † 109 †

† † 24 †

45,021 22,237 215,364 37,043

Albany State College, GA ................................................ Clark Atlanta University, GA............................................. Fort Valley State University, GA3 ..................................... Interdenominational Theological Center, GA................... Morehouse College, GA .................................................. Morehouse School of Medicine, GA ................................ Morris Brown College, GA4.............................................. Paine College, GA ........................................................... Savannah State College, GA........................................... Spelman College, GA ......................................................

1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 1 3

3,557 4,813 2,446 482 2,738 228 2,501 880 2,529 2,121

3,681 4,915 2,537 406 2,859 236 † 972 2,752 2,063

3,276 4,866 2,353 366 2,741 164 † 955 2,572 2,020

† † 5 † † † † † † †

464 417 260 † 452 † † 109 264 533

125 179 69 11 † 16 † † 60 †

† † † 80 † 39 † † † †

† 10 † 7 † 3 † † † †

59,494 104,728 55,104 10,820 62,914 106,774 † 16,150 36,228 59,183

Kentucky State University, KY3 ........................................

1

2,253

2,306

1,481

66

214

42

†

†

49,174

Dillard University, LA........................................................ Grambling State University, LA ........................................ Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA3 .................................................................. Southern University at New Orleans, LA ......................... Southern University at Shreveport, LA ............................ Xavier University of Louisiana, LA ...................................

3 1

2,225 4,464

2,312 4,673

2,295 4,422

† 35

340 563

† 131

† †

† 2

48,214 61,621

1 1 2 3

8,888 3,386 1,960 3,994

8,884 3,500 2,208 3,913

8,502 3,372 1,948 3,424

5 12 294 †

941 484 † 441

263 141 † 80

† † † 96

11 † † †

120,730 28,281 12,739 86,223

Bowie State University, MD.............................................. Coppin State College, MD ............................................... Morgan State University, MD ........................................... University of Maryland, Eastern Shore, MD3 ...................

1 1 1 1

5,257 3,882 6,660 3,644

5,454 3,749 6,621 3,762

4,730 3,552 6,074 2,779

† † † †

596 304 868 374

367 149 94 77

† † † †

† † 26 †

61,429 42,242 130,668 74,819

Lewis College of Business, MI.........................................

4

310

285

282

46

†

†

†

†

2,609

Alcorn State University, MS3 ............................................ Coahoma Community College, MS ................................. Hinds Community College, Utica Campus, MS ............... Jackson State University, MS........................................... Mary Holmes College, MS5 ............................................. Mississippi Valley State University, MS............................ Rust College, MS............................................................. Tougaloo College, MS......................................................

1 2 2 1 4 1 3 3

3,150 1,617 1,734 7,783 386 3,501 943 853

3,309 1,842 1,734 7,815 † 3,505 988 940

2,934 1,796 1,605 7,310 † 3,401 890 933

32 239 87 † † † 10 21

340 † † 780 † 310 93 147

168 † † 275 † 90 † †

† † † † † † † †

† † † 39 † † † †

54,228 13,758 † 135,015 † 41,635 13,024 23,655

Harris-Stowe State College, MO...................................... Lincoln University, MO3 ....................................................

1 1

1,968 3,092

1,911 3,128

1,631 1,067

† 60

124 386

† 76

† †

† †

17,302 34,171

Barber-Scotia College, NC .............................................. Bennett College, NC........................................................ Elizabeth City State University, NC.................................. Fayetteville State University, NC ...................................... Johnson C. Smith University, NC..................................... Livingstone College, NC .................................................. North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, NC3 .............................................................

3 3 1 1 3 3

616 486 2,150 5,308 1,537 1,103

742 429 2,308 5,329 1,474 1,005

641 420 1,776 4,014 1,474 964

† † † † † †

36 74 358 689 255 144

† † 5 82 † †

† † † † † †

† † † 7 † †

9,893 15,193 41,976 56,486 31,384 19,422

1

9,115

10,030

8,854

†

920

299

†

21

149,478

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 383 Enrollment

Table 219. Fall enrollment, degrees conferred, and expenditures in degree-granting historically Black colleges and universities, by institution: 2002–03, 2003, and 2003–04—Continued Enrollment, fall 2003

Institution

Type and control1

Enrollment, fall 2002

Total

Degrees conferred, 2003–04

Black enrollment

Associate’s

Bachelor’s

FirstMaster’s professional

Total expenditures, 2002–03, in thousands of Doctor’s dollars

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

North Carolina Central University, NC ............................. St. Augustine’s College, NC............................................. Shaw University, NC ........................................................ Winston-Salem State University, NC ...............................

1 3 3 1

6,519 1,502 2,683 3,495

7,191 1,629 2,616 4,102

5,903 1,533 2,477 3,364

† † 20 †

656 213 413 538

300 † 4 19

93 † 19 †

† † † †

94,795 24,618 35,945 55,447

Central State University, OH ............................................ Wilberforce University, OH...............................................

1 3

1,440 1,190

1,621 1,180

1,570 1,096

† †

130 284

5 †

† †

† †

44,414 20,528

Langston University, OK3 .................................................

1

3,028

2,968

2,233

3

371

32

†

†

42,211

Cheyney University of Pennsylvania, PA.......................... Lincoln University, PA.......................................................

1 1

1,523 1,998

1,536 1,938

1,481 1,759

† †

166 177

135 158

† †

† †

Allen University, SC ......................................................... Benedict College, SC ...................................................... Claflin College, SC .......................................................... Clinton Junior College, SC............................................... Denmark Technical College, SC ...................................... Morris College, SC .......................................................... South Carolina State University, SC3 ............................... Voorhees College, SC .....................................................

3 3 3 4 2 3 1 3

527 3,005 1,570 75 1,404 1,049 4,568 728

565 2,850 1,627 97 1,464 1,007 4,466 876

549 2,834 1,534 95 1,392 1,005 4,097 876

† † † 29 186 † † †

67 385 257 † † 168 563 143

† † 8 † † † 142 †

† † † † † † † †

† † † † † † 30 †

7,210 52,822 28,205 1,587 7,049 18,025 73,631 14,657

Fisk University, TN ........................................................... Lane College, TN............................................................. Le Moyne-Owen College, TN .......................................... Meharry Medical College, TN .......................................... Tennessee State University, TN3 .....................................

3 3 3 3 1

825 813 720 723 8,881

881 952 796 723 9,090

843 941 781 598 6,690

† † † † 75

172 79 106 † 1,013

6 † † 27 442

† † † 113 †

† † † 16 26

21,125 12,284 12,019 107,244 130,555

Huston-Tillotson College, TX........................................... Jarvis Christian College, TX ............................................ Paul Quinn College, TX ................................................... Prairie View A&M University, TX3 .................................... Saint Philip's College, TX ................................................ Southwestern Christian College, TX................................ Texas College, TX............................................................ Texas Southern University, TX ......................................... Wiley College, TX ............................................................

3 3 3 1 2 3 3 1 3

642 632 871 7,255 8,978 209 617 9,739 666

666 654 858 7,808 9,490 220 1,035 10,888 707

506 629 801 7,028 1,596 196 988 9,468 620

† † † † 530 29 † † 0

58 102 119 711 † 5 105 451 122

† † † 686 † † † 164 †

† † † † † † † 239 †

† † † † † † † 14 †

13,517 12,268 13,027 105,267 40,244 4,357 9,518 113,178 16,001

Hampton University, VA ................................................... Norfolk State University, VA ............................................. Saint Paul's College, VA .................................................. Virginia State University, VA3 ........................................... Virginia Union University, VA............................................

3 1 3 1 3

5,793 6,839 700 4,974 1,622

5,797 6,846 475 4,933 1,961

5,254 6,118 448 4,539 1,908

0 65 † † †

817 730 106 542 139

114 204 † 119 †

33 † † † 115

5 5 † † 0

110,367 95,696 11,267 74,398 24,355

Bluefield State College, WV ............................................ West Virginia State College, WV .....................................

1 1

2,832 4,997

3,511 4,966

303 749

307 †

223 432

† 0

† †

† †

16,331 39,038

University of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas Campus, VI3 ...........................................

1

1,476

1,481

1,250

36

130

42

†

†

52,943

†Not applicable. 1 1=public, 4-year; 2=public, 2-year; 3=private, 4-year; and 4=private, 2-year. 2 Includes enrollment for institutions that are no longer Title IV participants. 3Land-grant institution. 4 School is no longer operating as a Title IV degree-granting institution. 5 School closed in 2003. 6Data are for current-fund expenditures.

6

29,763 44,355

NOTE: Excludes historically Black colleges and universities that are not participating in Title IV programs. Historically Black colleges and universities are degree-granting institutions established prior to 1964 with the principal mission of educating Black Americans. Federal regulations, 20 U.S. Code, Section 1061 (2), allow for certain exceptions to the founding date. Most institutions are in the southern and border states and were established prior to 1954. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 and 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004 and Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

384 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Enrollment _

Table 220. Selected statistics on degree-granting historically Black colleges and universities: Selected years, 1980 through 2004 Public Enrollment, degrees, type of revenues, and type of expenditures

Private

Total

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Number of institutions, fall 2004 .....................................................

98

51

41

10

47

46

1

Fall enrollment Total enrollment, fall 1980............................................................... Males .......................................................................................... Males, Black............................................................................ Females ...................................................................................... Females, Black........................................................................

233,557 106,387 81,818 127,170 109,171

168,217 76,994 56,435 91,223 75,226

155,085 70,236 53,654 84,849 70,582

13,132 6,758 2,781 6,374 4,644

65,340 29,393 25,383 35,947 33,945

62,924 28,352 24,412 34,572 32,589

2,416 1,041 971 1,375 1,356

Total enrollment, fall 1990............................................................... Males .......................................................................................... Males, Black............................................................................ Females ...................................................................................... Females, Black........................................................................

257,152 105,157 82,897 151,995 125,785

187,046 76,541 57,255 110,505 86,949

171,969 70,220 54,041 101,749 80,883

15,077 6,321 3,214 8,756 6,066

70,106 28,616 25,642 41,490 38,836

68,528 28,054 25,198 40,474 38,115

1,578 562 444 1,016 721

Total enrollment, fall 2003............................................................... Males .......................................................................................... Males, Black............................................................................ Females ...................................................................................... Females, Black........................................................................

306,727 117,795 95,703 188,932 157,554

228,096 87,099 67,589 140,997 112,515

196,077 74,995 62,520 121,082 101,457

32,019 12,104 5,069 19,915 11,058

78,631 30,696 28,114 47,935 45,039

78,249 30,571 27,991 47,678 44,785

382 125 123 257 254

Full-time enrollment, fall 2003......................................................... Males .......................................................................................... Females ......................................................................................

241,501 96,104 145,397

169,511 67,851 101,660

150,711 60,779 89,932

18,800 7,072 11,728

71,990 28,253 43,737

71,683 28,157 43,526

307 96 211

Part-time enrollment, fall 2003........................................................ Males .......................................................................................... Females ......................................................................................

65,226 21,691 43,535

58,585 19,248 39,337

45,366 14,216 31,150

13,219 5,032 8,187

6,641 2,443 4,198

6,566 2,414 4,152

75 29 46

Earned degrees conferred, 2003–04 Associate’s...................................................................................... Males .......................................................................................... Males, Black............................................................................ Females ...................................................................................... Females, Black........................................................................

3,556 1,075 461 2,481 1,522

3,359 1,032 425 2,327 1,381

892 222 82 670 304

2,467 810 343 1,657 1,077

197 43 36 154 141

122 23 16 99 86

75 20 20 55 55

Bachelor’s ....................................................................................... Males .......................................................................................... Males, Black............................................................................ Females ...................................................................................... Females, Black........................................................................

30,194 10,332 8,817 19,862 17,647

19,909 7,025 5,853 12,884 11,074

19,909 7,025 5,853 12,884 11,074

† † † † †

10,285 3,307 2,964 6,978 6,573

10,285 3,307 2,964 6,978 6,573

† † † † †

Master’s .......................................................................................... Males .......................................................................................... Males, Black............................................................................ Females ...................................................................................... Females, Black........................................................................

6,900 2,052 1,348 4,848 3,686

6,035 1,765 1,135 4,270 3,179

6,035 1,765 1,135 4,270 3,179

† † † † †

865 287 213 578 507

865 287 213 578 507

† † † † †

First-professional ............................................................................ Males .......................................................................................... Males, Black............................................................................ Females ...................................................................................... Females, Black........................................................................

1,428 584 381 844 633

466 181 91 285 196

466 181 91 285 196

† † † † †

962 403 290 559 437

962 403 290 559 437

† † † † †

Doctor’s........................................................................................... Males .......................................................................................... Males, Black............................................................................ Females ...................................................................................... Females, Black........................................................................

351 145 95 206 162

211 79 50 132 95

211 79 50 132 95

† † † † †

140 66 45 74 67

140 66 45 74 67

† † † † †

Financial statistics, 2002–03 Total revenue .................................................................................. Student tuition and fees .............................................................. Federal government1 .................................................................. State governments...................................................................... Local governments...................................................................... Private gifts and grants2.............................................................. Investment return (gain or loss) .................................................. Educational activities .................................................................. Auxiliary enterprises ................................................................... Hospitals and other sources .......................................................

† † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † †

$2,291,274 604,215 684,459 72,245 13,868 289,552 90,036 9,317 233,118 294,465

$2,287,169 602,690 683,387 71,935 13,862 288,963 90,027 9,287 233,077 293,942

$4,104 1,525 1,072 310 6 588 9 29 41 523

Total expenditures........................................................................... Instruction ................................................................................... Research .................................................................................... Academic support....................................................................... Institutional support .................................................................... Auxiliary enterprises ................................................................... Other expenditures .....................................................................

† † † † † † †

† † † † † † †

† † † † † † †

† † † † † † †

2,123,501 584,865 115,462 126,578 410,414 231,174 655,008

2,116,420 582,898 115,406 125,732 408,408 230,615 653,360

7,081 1,966 56 846 2,006 559 1,648

1

In thousands of dollars

†Not applicable. 1 Includes independent operations. 2Includes contributions from affiliated entities. NOTE: Historically Black colleges and universities are degree-granting institutions established prior to 1964 with the principal mission of educating Black Americans. Federal regulations, 20 U.S. Code, Section 1061(2), allow for certain exceptions to the founding date. Most institutions are in the southern and border states and were established prior to 1954.

Federal, state, and local governments revenue includes appropriations, grants, contracts, and independent operations. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education, General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education,” 1980; and 1990 through 2004 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90), Spring 2004 and Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 385 Enrollment

Table 221. Fall enrollment in degree-granting historically Black colleges and universities, by type and control of institution: 1976 through 2003 Type of institution Year

Public institutions

Private institutions

Total enrollment

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1976.................................... 1977.................................... 1978.................................... 1979.................................... 1980....................................

222,613 226,062 227,797 230,124 233,557

206,676 209,898 211,651 214,147 218,009

15,937 16,164 16,146 15,977 15,548

156,836 158,823 163,237 166,315 168,217

143,528 145,450 150,168 153,139 155,085

13,308 13,373 13,069 13,176 13,132

65,777 67,239 64,560 63,809 65,340

63,148 64,448 61,483 61,008 62,924

2,629 2,791 3,077 2,801 2,416

1981.................................... 1982.................................... 1983.................................... 1984.................................... 1985....................................

232,460 228,371 234,446 227,519 225,801

217,152 212,017 217,909 212,844 210,648

15,308 16,354 16,537 14,675 15,153

166,991 165,871 170,051 164,116 163,677

154,269 151,472 155,665 151,289 150,002

12,722 14,399 14,386 12,827 13,675

65,469 62,500 64,395 63,403 62,124

62,883 60,545 62,244 61,555 60,646

2,586 1,955 2,151 1,848 1,478

1986.................................... 1987.................................... 1988.................................... 1989.................................... 1990....................................

223,275 227,994 239,755 249,096 257,152

207,231 211,654 223,250 232,890 240,497

16,044 16,340 16,505 16,206 16,655

162,048 165,486 173,672 181,151 187,046

147,631 150,560 158,606 166,481 171,969

14,417 14,926 15,066 14,670 15,077

61,227 62,508 66,083 67,945 70,106

59,600 61,094 64,644 66,409 68,528

1,627 1,414 1,439 1,536 1,578

1991.................................... 1992.................................... 1993.................................... 1994.................................... 1995....................................

269,335 279,541 282,856 280,071 278,725

252,093 261,089 262,430 259,997 259,409

17,242 18,452 20,426 20,074 19,316

197,847 204,966 208,197 206,520 204,726

182,204 188,143 189,032 187,735 186,278

15,643 16,823 19,165 18,785 18,448

71,488 74,575 74,659 73,551 73,999

69,889 72,946 73,398 72,262 73,131

1,599 1,629 1,261 1,289 868

1996.................................... 1997.................................... 1998.................................... 1999.................................... 2000....................................

273,018 269,167 273,472 274,212 275,680

253,654 248,860 248,931 249,169 250,710

19,364 20,307 24,541 25,043 24,970

200,569 194,674 198,603 199,704 199,725

182,063 175,297 174,776 175,364 175,404

18,506 19,377 23,827 24,340 24,321

72,449 74,493 74,869 74,508 75,955

71,591 73,563 74,155 73,805 75,306

858 930 714 703 649

2001.................................... 2002.................................... 2003....................................

289,985 299,041 306,727

260,547 269,020 274,326

29,438 30,021 32,401

210,083 218,433 228,096

181,346 189,183 196,077

28,737 29,250 32,019

79,902 80,608 78,631

79,201 79,837 78,249

701 771 382

1

NOTE: Data for 1976 to 1995 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or directly recognized by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees.

2-year

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities,” 1976 through 1985 surveys; and 1986 through 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Fall 19761

Fall 19931

Total Control of institution and primary occupation 1

Number

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

Percent

Full-time

Total

Total

FTE students per FTE staff

Number

Fall 20032

Full-time equivalent (FTE) Percent

Total

Total

FTE students per FTE staff

Number

Full-time equivalent (FTE) Percent

Total

FTE students per FTE staff

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

All institutions ....................................................

1,863,790

100.0

1,339,911

1,541,339

5.4

2,602,612

100.0

2,094,681

4.9

3,194,169

100.0

2,504,206

5.1

Professional staff ......................................................... Executive/administrative/managerial........................ Faculty (instruction and research)............................ Instruction and research assistants ......................... Other professionals..................................................

1,073,119 101,263 633,210 160,086 178,560

57.6 5.4 34.0 8.6 9.6

709,400 97,003 434,071 28,007 150,319

845,456 98,972 500,533 82,684 163,267

9.8 84.0 16.6 100.5 50.9

1,687,287 143,675 915,474 202,819 425,319

64.8 5.5 35.2 7.8 16.3

1,280,382 140,522 668,819 83,717 387,323

8.1 73.7 15.5 123.6 26.7

2,272,583 186,505 1,174,831 293,047 618,200

71.1 5.8 36.8 9.2 19.4

1,686,816 183,083 812,955 121,321 569,456

7.5 69.2 15.6 104.5 22.3

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Nonprofessional staff ...................................................

790,671

42.4

630,511

695,883

11.9

915,325

35.2

814,299

12.7

921,586

28.9

817,391

15.5

Public ..................................................................

1,329,122

100.0

946,354

1,092,558

5.8

1,812,513

100.0

1,434,747

5.4

2,167,902

100.0

1,669,569

5.5

Professional staff ......................................................... Executive/administrative/managerial........................ Faculty (instruction and research)............................ Instruction and research assistants ......................... Other professionals..................................................

769,836 60,733 448,733 127,925 132,445

57.9 4.6 33.8 9.6 10.0

502,325 58,649 313,367 19,076 111,233

601,942 59,579 357,761 63,420 121,182

10.5 106.6 17.7 100.1 52.4

1,193,284 81,209 650,434 173,678 287,963

65.8 4.5 35.9 9.6 15.9

883,579 79,426 470,537 70,755 262,862

8.8 98.4 16.6 110.4 29.7

1,540,676 96,344 792,515 241,286 410,531

71.1 4.4 36.6 11.1 18.9

1,117,320 94,444 546,438 98,298 378,141

8.3 97.8 16.9 94.0 24.4

Nonprofessional staff ...................................................

559,286

42.1

444,029

490,616

12.9

619,229

34.2

551,168

14.2

627,226

28.9

552,249

16.7

Private .................................................................

534,668

100.0

393,557

448,781

4.4

790,099

100.0

659,934

3.8

1,026,267

100.0

834,637

4.1

Professional staff ......................................................... Executive/administrative/managerial........................ Faculty (instruction and research)............................ Instruction and research assistants ......................... Other professionals..................................................

303,283 40,530 184,477 32,161 46,115

56.7 7.6 34.5 6.0 8.6

207,075 38,354 120,704 8,931 39,086

243,514 39,393 142,772 19,264 42,085

8.1 49.8 13.7 101.9 46.6

494,003 62,466 265,040 29,141 137,356

62.5 7.9 33.5 3.7 17.4

396,802 61,096 198,282 12,962 124,461

6.4 41.6 12.8 195.9 20.4

731,907 90,161 382,316 51,761 207,669

71.3 8.8 37.3 5.0 20.2

569,496 88,639 266,517 23,024 191,316

6.0 38.8 12.9 149.3 18.0

Nonprofessional staff ...................................................

231,385

43.3

186,482

205,267

9.6

296,096

37.5

263,131

9.6

294,360

28.7

265,141

13.0

1Data

are for 4-year and 2-year institutions that were accredited by an agency or organization that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. 2Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Staff Survey,” 1976; and 1993 and 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Staff Survey” (IPEDS-S:93), and Winter 2003–04. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

386 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

f f a t Table S 222. Total and full-time-equivalent staff in degree-granting institutions, by employment status, control of institution, and occupation: Fall 1976, fall 1993, and fall 2003

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 387 Staff

Table 223. Employees in degree-granting institutions, by employment status, sex, control and type of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 2003 Full-time and part-time

Full-time

Total Control and type of institution and primary occupation 1

Females

Percentage Number distribution 2

3

Males

Percent of all Number employees

4

Males

Females

Total

9

10

Males

Females

7

8

11

12

13

100.0 1,499,538 1,694,631

53.1 2,085,942

65.3

963,700 1,122,242 1,108,227

535,838

572,389

Professional staff .................................................... 2,272,583 Executive/administrative/managerial................... 186,505 Faculty (instruction and research)....................... 1,174,831 Instruction and research assistants .................... 293,047 Other professional............................................... 618,200

71.1 1,162,337 1,110,246 5.8 91,781 94,724 36.8 664,775 510,056 9.2 157,386 135,661 19.4 248,395 369,805

48.9 1,340,432 50.8 180,161 43.4 631,596 46.3 † 59.8 528,675

59.0 96.6 53.8 † 85.5

688,192 89,252 382,808 † 216,132

652,240 90,909 248,788 † 312,543

932,151 6,344 543,235 293,047 89,525

474,145 2,529 281,967 157,386 32,263

458,006 3,815 261,268 135,661 57,262

Nonprofessional staff .............................................. Technical and paraprofessionals......................... Clerical and secretarial ....................................... Skilled crafts........................................................ Service and maintenance ...................................

921,586 195,587 439,932 61,840 224,227

28.9 6.1 13.8 1.9 7.0

63.4 59.3 86.4 6.9 37.5

80.9 78.7 78.8 95.3 83.0

275,508 63,646 37,073 55,692 119,097

470,002 90,317 309,403 3,211 67,071

176,076 41,624 93,456 2,937 38,059

61,693 15,941 22,782 1,866 21,104

114,383 25,683 70,674 1,071 16,955

584,385 116,000 380,077 4,282 84,026

6

Percent of all Number employees

All employees ................................................ 3,194,169

337,201 79,587 59,855 57,558 140,201

5

Part-time

Total

745,510 153,963 346,476 58,903 186,168

Public 4-year.................................................. 1,574,691

100.0

755,258

819,433

52.0 1,080,431

68.6

515,843

564,588

494,260

239,415

254,845

Professional staff .................................................... 1,118,104 Executive/administrative/managerial................... 70,472 Faculty (instruction and research)....................... 451,153 Instruction and research assistants .................... 240,698 Other professional............................................... 355,781

71.0 4.5 28.7 15.3 22.6

581,672 37,539 269,552 128,583 145,998

536,432 32,933 181,601 112,115 209,783

48.0 46.7 40.3 46.6 59.0

693,403 67,914 316,339 † 309,150

62.0 96.4 70.1 † 86.9

366,861 36,411 200,411 † 130,039

326,542 31,503 115,928 † 179,111

424,701 2,558 134,814 240,698 46,631

214,811 1,128 69,141 128,583 15,959

209,890 1,430 65,673 112,115 30,672

Nonprofessional staff .............................................. Technical and paraprofessionals......................... Clerical and secretarial ....................................... Skilled crafts........................................................ Service and maintenance ...................................

456,587 97,592 203,962 40,055 114,978

29.0 6.2 13.0 2.5 7.3

173,586 40,537 26,592 37,777 68,680

283,001 57,055 177,370 2,278 46,298

62.0 58.5 87.0 5.7 40.3

387,028 79,965 168,235 39,025 99,803

84.8 81.9 82.5 97.4 86.8

148,982 33,676 17,561 37,059 60,686

238,046 46,289 150,674 1,966 39,117

69,559 17,627 35,727 1,030 15,175

24,604 6,861 9,031 718 7,994

44,955 10,766 26,696 312 7,181

Public 2-year..................................................

593,211

100.0

260,287

332,924

56.1

289,748

48.8

120,443

169,305

303,463

139,844

163,619

Professional staff .................................................... Executive/administrative/managerial................... Faculty (instruction and research)....................... Instruction and research assistants .................... Other professional...............................................

422,572 25,872 341,362 588 54,750

71.2 4.4 57.5 0.1 9.2

200,794 12,556 167,944 296 19,998

221,778 13,316 173,418 292 34,752

52.5 51.5 50.8 49.7 63.5

175,392 24,999 110,014 † 40,379

41.5 96.6 32.2 † 73.8

80,635 12,171 53,913 † 14,551

94,757 12,828 56,101 † 25,828

247,180 873 231,348 588 14,371

120,159 385 114,031 296 5,447

127,021 488 117,317 292 8,924

Nonprofessional staff .............................................. Technical and paraprofessionals......................... Clerical and secretarial ....................................... Skilled crafts........................................................ Service and maintenance ...................................

170,639 44,233 85,868 6,287 34,251

28.8 7.5 14.5 1.1 5.8

59,493 17,160 12,471 5,395 24,467

111,146 27,073 73,397 892 9,784

65.1 61.2 85.5 14.2 28.6

114,356 29,116 54,218 5,163 25,859

67.0 65.8 63.1 82.1 75.5

39,808 11,389 4,353 4,740 19,326

74,548 17,727 49,865 423 6,533

56,283 15,117 31,650 1,124 8,392

19,685 5,771 8,118 655 5,141

36,598 9,346 23,532 469 3,251

Private 4-year1 ...............................................

990,592

100.0

468,295

522,297

52.7

691,310

69.8

316,671

374,639

299,282

151,624

147,658

Professional staff .................................................... Executive/administrative/managerial................... Faculty (instruction and research)....................... Instruction and research assistants .................... Other professional...............................................

702,952 85,823 364,656 51,724 200,749

71.0 8.7 36.8 5.2 20.3

366,411 39,798 218,090 28,491 80,032

336,541 46,025 146,566 23,233 120,717

47.9 53.6 40.2 44.9 60.1

452,011 83,004 196,043 † 172,964

64.3 96.7 53.8 † 86.2

231,503 38,819 123,251 † 69,433

220,508 44,185 72,792 † 103,531

250,941 2,819 168,613 51,724 27,785

134,908 979 94,839 28,491 10,599

116,033 1,840 73,774 23,233 17,186

Nonprofessional staff .............................................. Technical and paraprofessionals......................... Clerical and secretarial ....................................... Skilled crafts........................................................ Service and maintenance ...................................

287,640 52,689 146,268 15,346 73,337

29.0 5.3 14.8 1.5 7.4

101,884 21,410 20,295 14,272 45,907

185,756 31,279 125,973 1,074 27,430

64.6 59.4 86.1 7.0 37.4

239,299 44,104 121,156 14,577 59,462

83.2 83.7 82.8 95.0 81.1

85,168 18,200 14,864 13,784 38,320

154,131 25,904 106,292 793 21,142

48,341 8,585 25,112 769 13,875

16,716 3,210 5,431 488 7,587

31,625 5,375 19,681 281 6,288

Private 2-year1 ...............................................

35,675

100.0

15,698

19,977

56.0

24,453

68.5

10,743

13,710

11,222

4,955

6,267

Professional staff .................................................... Executive/administrative/managerial................... Faculty (instruction and research)....................... Instruction and research assistants .................... Other professional...............................................

28,955 4,338 17,660 37 6,920

81.2 12.2 49.5 0.1 19.4

13,460 1,888 9,189 16 2,367

15,495 2,450 8,471 21 4,553

53.5 56.5 48.0 56.8 65.8

19,626 4,244 9,200 † 6,182

67.8 97.8 52.1 † 89.3

9,193 1,851 5,233 † 2,109

10,433 2,393 3,967 † 4,073

9,329 94 8,460 37 738

4,267 37 3,956 16 258

5,062 57 4,504 21 480

Nonprofessional staff .............................................. Technical and paraprofessionals......................... Clerical and secretarial ....................................... Skilled crafts........................................................ Service and maintenance ...................................

6,720 1,073 3,834 152 1,661

18.8 3.0 10.7 0.4 4.7

2,238 480 497 114 1,147

4,482 593 3,337 38 514

66.7 55.3 87.0 25.0 30.9

4,827 778 2,867 138 1,044

71.8 72.5 74.8 90.8 62.9

1,550 381 295 109 765

3,277 397 2,572 29 279

1,893 295 967 14 617

688 99 202 5 382

1,205 196 765 9 235

Private not-for-profit 4-year.......................... Professional staff .................................................... Executive/administrative/managerial................... Faculty (instruction and research)....................... Instruction and research assistants .................... Other professional............................................... Nonprofessional staff .............................................. Technical and paraprofessionals......................... Clerical and secretarial ....................................... Skilled crafts........................................................ Service and maintenance ...................................

929,260 649,744 81,612 326,997 51,636 189,499 279,516 51,328 140,475 15,263 72,450

100.0 69.9 8.8 35.2 5.6 20.4 30.1 5.5 15.1 1.6 7.8

434,506 335,435 37,753 193,738 28,455 75,489 99,071 20,601 19,053 14,206 45,211

494,754 314,309 43,859 133,259 23,181 114,010 180,445 30,727 121,422 1,057 27,239

53.2 48.4 53.7 40.8 44.9 60.2 64.6 59.9 86.4 6.9 37.6

662,919 430,422 78,829 189,422 † 162,171 232,497 43,036 116,113 14,515 58,833

71.3 66.2 96.6 57.9 † 85.6 83.2 83.8 82.7 95.1 81.2

303,695 220,838 36,790 118,945 † 65,103 82,857 17,534 13,796 13,730 37,797

359,224 209,584 42,039 70,477 † 97,068 149,640 25,502 102,317 785 21,036

266,341 219,322 2,783 137,575 51,636 27,328 47,019 8,292 24,362 748 13,617

130,811 114,597 963 74,793 28,455 10,386 16,214 3,067 5,257 476 7,414

135,530 104,725 1,820 62,782 23,181 16,942 30,805 5,225 19,105 272 6,203

†Not applicable. 1Includes not-for-profit and for-profit private institutions. NOTE: The survey did not permit respondents to report instruction and research assistants as full-time staff. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Winter 2003–04. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

388 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 224. Employees in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, residency status, sex, employment status, control and type of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 2003 Sex, employment status, control and type of institution, and primary occupation 1

Total

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ American Indian/ Pacific Islander Alaska Native

Race/ethnicity unknown

Nonresident alien1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

All institutions .........................................

3,194,169

2,298,239

312,902

166,035

156,436

18,920

98,402

143,235

Professional staff .............................................. Executive/administrative/managerial............. Faculty (instruction and research)................. Instruction and research assistants .............. Other professional......................................... Nonprofessional staff ........................................

2,272,583 186,505 1,174,831 293,047 618,200 921,586

1,686,746 152,630 922,657 150,378 461,081 611,493

152,888 17,601 65,999 10,317 58,971 160,014

83,656 7,195 40,003 8,624 27,834 82,379

121,592 5,008 59,712 20,382 36,490 34,844

11,398 1,089 5,572 1,188 3,549 7,522

82,544 2,200 52,529 16,412 11,403 15,858

133,759 782 28,359 85,746 18,872 9,476

Males ........................................................

1,499,538

1,079,358

119,440

72,549

79,772

8,150

50,734

89,535

Professional staff .............................................. Executive/administrative/managerial............. Faculty (instruction and research)................. Instruction and research assistants .............. Other professional......................................... Nonprofessional staff ........................................

1,162,337 91,781 664,775 157,386 248,395 337,201

860,606 77,029 523,081 75,031 185,465 218,752

61,351 7,147 30,868 3,923 19,413 58,089

39,551 3,247 21,726 4,001 10,577 32,998

66,300 2,364 37,850 11,011 15,075 13,472

5,260 496 2,923 524 1,317 2,890

44,155 1,034 29,371 8,637 5,113 6,579

85,114 464 18,956 54,259 11,435 4,421

Females....................................................

1,694,631

1,218,881

193,462

93,486

76,664

10,770

47,668

53,700

Professional staff .............................................. Executive/administrative/managerial............. Faculty (instruction and research)................. Instruction and research assistants .............. Other professional......................................... Nonprofessional staff ........................................

1,110,246 94,724 510,056 135,661 369,805 584,385

826,140 75,601 399,576 75,347 275,616 392,741

91,537 10,454 35,131 6,394 39,558 101,925

44,105 3,948 18,277 4,623 17,257 49,381

55,292 2,644 21,862 9,371 21,415 21,372

6,138 593 2,649 664 2,232 4,632

38,389 1,166 23,158 7,775 6,290 9,279

48,645 318 9,403 31,487 7,437 5,055

Full-time ...................................................

2,085,942

1,544,034

237,173

118,734

106,263

13,290

22,734

43,714

Professional staff .............................................. Executive/administrative/managerial............. Faculty (instruction and research)................. Other professional......................................... Nonprofessional staff ........................................

1,340,432 180,161 631,596 528,675 745,510

1,048,060 147,613 506,466 393,981 495,974

102,118 17,228 33,137 51,753 135,055

51,519 7,006 20,079 24,434 67,215

78,437 4,813 41,133 32,491 27,826

7,149 1,064 2,978 3,107 6,141

14,663 1,718 6,603 6,342 8,071

38,486 719 21,200 16,567 5,228

Part-time...................................................

1,108,227

754,205

75,729

47,301

50,173

5,630

75,668

99,521

Professional staff .............................................. Executive/administrative/managerial............. Faculty (instruction and research)................. Instruction and research assistants .............. Other professional......................................... Nonprofessional staff ........................................

932,151 6,344 543,235 293,047 89,525 176,076

638,686 5,017 416,191 150,378 67,100 115,519

50,770 373 32,862 10,317 7,218 24,959

32,137 189 19,924 8,624 3,400 15,164

43,155 195 18,579 20,382 3,999 7,018

4,249 25 2,594 1,188 442 1,381

67,881 482 45,926 16,412 5,061 7,787

95,273 63 7,159 85,746 2,305 4,248

Public 4-year............................................

1,574,691

1,107,236

152,224

80,762

89,119

10,114

32,527

102,709

Professional staff .............................................. Executive/administrative/managerial............. Faculty (instruction and research)................. Instruction and research assistants .............. Other professional......................................... Nonprofessional staff ........................................

1,118,104 70,472 451,153 240,698 355,781 456,587

801,563 57,333 353,599 125,765 264,866 305,673

70,941 7,248 22,748 8,725 32,220 81,283

41,063 2,624 15,207 7,162 16,070 39,699

71,850 1,841 30,396 16,336 23,277 17,269

6,126 415 2,268 1,060 2,383 3,988

27,736 778 10,287 10,413 6,258 4,791

98,825 233 16,648 71,237 10,707 3,884

Private 4-year...........................................

990,592

717,610

99,806

45,206

47,843

3,093

40,521

36,513

Professional staff .............................................. Executive/administrative/managerial............. Faculty (instruction and research)................. Instruction and research assistants .............. Other professional......................................... Nonprofessional staff ........................................

702,952 85,823 364,656 51,724 200,749 287,640

530,208 71,123 285,264 24,124 149,697 187,402

46,369 7,385 18,337 1,522 19,125 53,437

21,810 2,929 9,427 1,438 8,016 23,396

36,827 2,518 18,805 4,035 11,469 11,016

1,811 261 893 126 531 1,282

33,382 1,153 22,262 5,976 3,991 7,139

32,545 454 9,668 14,503 7,920 3,968

Public 2-year............................................

593,211

446,610

57,056

37,613

18,320

5,119

24,548

3,945

Professional staff .............................................. Executive/administrative/managerial............. Faculty (instruction and research)................. Instruction and research assistants .............. Other professional......................................... Nonprofessional staff ........................................

422,572 25,872 341,362 588 54,750 170,639

332,526 20,782 269,590 462 41,692 114,084

32,665 2,525 23,316 63 6,761 24,391

19,126 1,373 14,614 22 3,117 18,487

12,003 542 9,953 11 1,497 6,317

3,142 342 2,269 2 529 1,977

20,770 219 19,612 22 917 3,778

2,340 89 2,008 6 237 1,605

Private 2-year...........................................

35,675

26,783

3,816

2,454

1,154

594

806

68

Professional staff .............................................. Executive/administrative/managerial............. Faculty (instruction and research)................. Instruction and research assistants .............. Other professional......................................... Nonprofessional staff ........................................

28,955 4,338 17,660 37 6,920 6,720

22,449 3,392 14,204 27 4,826 4,334

2,913 443 1,598 7 865 903

1,657 269 755 2 631 797

912 107 558 0 247 242

319 71 142 0 106 275

656 50 368 1 237 150

49 6 35 0 8 19

1

Race/ethnicity not collected.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Winter 2003–04. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 225. Number of full-time-equivalent staff and faculty, and full-time-equivalent staff and faculty/student ratios in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2003 Full-time-equivalent (FTE) staff Public State or jurisdiction 1

4-year

Private 2-year

4-year

Full-time-equivalent faculty as a percent of FTE staff

Full-time-equivalent (FTE) faculty Public 2-year

4-year

Private 2-year

4-year

Public 2-year

4-year

Full-time-equivalent students per FTE staff

Private 2-year

4-year

Public 2-year

4-year

Full-time-equivalent students per FTE faculty

Private 2-year

4-year

Public 2-year

4-year

Private 2-year

4-year

2-year

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

United States .................... 1,273,830

395,739

806,088

28,549

360,552

185,886

254,390

12,128

28.3

47.0

31.6

42.5

4.4

9.3

3.9

9.1

15.4

19.8

12.5

21.5

115

7,842 1,539 5,205 4,734 28,477

2,889 34 4,708 1,704 30,227

1,716 95 3,652 720 21,829

34

24.6 31.6 23.1 31.9 24.5

48.3 21.1 45.5 46.6 53.5

38.2 32.7 38.4 30.9 33.1

29.6

3.7 3.8 4.3 4.3 4.6

9.5 3.1 9.6 7.9 13.1

5.5 3.0 10.8 5.3 4.2

3.4

15.1 12.1 18.6 13.5 18.7

19.7 14.7 21.0 16.9 24.5

14.5 9.1 28.2 17.0 12.6

11.3

2,059 1,346 521

323 127 —

19.9

14.7 8.1 20.0 11.6 16.2

22.1 16.6 —

10.0

12.0 16.1 17.3 10.5 18.4

22.6 18.4 15.1

8.3

5.7 2.7 8.8 3.4 5.2

11.0 6.5 —

45.1

5.1 4.3 4.4 3.1 5.6

10.2 8.3 6.2

41.4

38.8 33.5 44.0 29.6 31.9

49.9 39.5 —

810

42.3 26.9 25.6 29.3 30.6

44.9 45.4 41.2

8,285

2,418 6,344 405 6,038 8,786

Alabama .................................... Alaska........................................ Arizona ...................................... Arkansas.................................... California ...................................

31,933 4,878 22,538 14,819 116,335

5,977 163 10,353 3,654 56,545

4,490 290 9,500 2,327 66,037

Colorado .................................... Connecticut................................ Delaware.................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

23,910 11,802 4,971 1,126 48,365

4,582 2,967 1,264 20,006

6,231 18,946 919 20,403 27,505

1,798

10,111 3,173 1,271 330 14,807

Georgia...................................... Hawaii ........................................ Idaho.......................................... Illinois......................................... Indiana.......................................

37,727 5,573 6,441 48,274 38,128

10,904 1,749 1,091 19,488 4,368

18,688 1,833 1,503 51,523 15,304

457 127 39 661 660

9,951 1,965 2,120 11,190 10,031

5,207 892 416 8,765 2,107

6,331 888 674 15,983 4,788

182 52 19 272 274

26.4 35.3 32.9 23.2 26.3

47.8 51.0 38.1 45.0 48.2

33.9 48.5 44.8 31.0 31.3

39.9 41.4 49.2 41.2 41.6

4.3 3.6 6.0 3.6 4.4

7.8 9.2 7.5 10.7 8.7

3.7 6.9 9.2 3.6 4.5

6.4 10.4 9.3 8.5 13.3

16.4 10.2 18.1 15.3 16.6

16.3 18.0 19.8 23.7 18.0

11.0 14.1 20.4 11.5 14.4

16.1 25.0 18.9 20.7 32.0

Iowa ........................................... Kansas....................................... Kentucky .................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine.........................................

18,862 17,038 24,718 27,493 5,940

5,602 5,980 5,410 3,609 791

9,247 2,909 5,063 7,995 3,458

136 238 653 459 67

4,309 4,920 6,846 8,252 1,699

2,193 2,598 2,805 1,963 381

3,300 1,151 1,840 2,387 969

49 83 331 199 28

22.8 28.9 27.7 30.0 28.6

39.1 43.4 51.9 54.4 48.1

35.7 39.6 36.3 29.9 28.0

36.2 34.9 50.6 43.4 42.6

3.4 4.6 3.9 4.9 4.5

9.6 7.4 9.2 9.8 9.4

5.7 5.4 5.5 3.6 3.9

8.1 6.1 8.8 8.4 13.4

14.7 15.9 14.2 16.2 15.7

24.4 17.0 17.8 18.0 19.5

15.9 13.7 15.1 12.0 13.8

22.3 17.3 17.3 19.4 31.5

Maryland.................................... Massachusetts........................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi .................................

25,238 18,960 53,379 24,206 21,173

10,184 6,632 12,177 7,263 5,752

15,493 68,830 11,736 11,990 1,798

291 381 168 529 134

8,537 5,330 15,694 5,790 4,205

4,427 2,850 5,599 3,277 2,654

4,930 18,780 4,767 4,528 591

140 175 57 244 78

33.8 28.1 29.4 23.9 19.9

43.5 43.0 46.0 45.1 46.1

31.8 27.3 40.6 37.8 32.9

48.1 45.9 34.0 46.1 57.8

4.2 4.3 4.5 4.4 2.8

6.6 8.0 9.7 10.2 9.6

2.6 3.0 7.3 6.2 6.1

8.2 7.8 12.2 8.6 12.6

12.4 15.3 15.4 18.5 14.0

15.1 18.6 21.1 22.6 20.7

8.1 11.1 18.0 16.5 18.6

17.0 17.0 35.9 18.6 21.8

Missouri ..................................... Montana..................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire .........................

28,057 5,972 12,600 6,520 5,160

6,626 803 2,793 2,412 1,264

26,166 797 4,907 492 7,082

819 95 266 180 146

8,696 1,857 3,567 2,359 1,468

2,729 311 1,235 1,175 665

8,729 295 1,665 254 1,779

335 35 113 79 55

31.0 31.1 28.3 36.2 28.4

41.2 38.8 44.2 48.7 52.6

33.4 37.1 33.9 51.5 25.1

40.9 37.1 42.4 44.1 38.0

3.7 5.0 3.6 5.2 4.4

8.4 7.7 8.7 10.0 5.9

3.9 4.6 4.3 10.1 3.2

7.4 5.2 8.5 9.1 8.8

12.1 16.0 12.7 14.3 15.6

20.4 19.8 19.7 20.4 11.2

11.6 12.3 12.5 19.6 12.9

18.1 14.0 20.1 20.7 23.0

New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York.................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota .............................

33,549 13,229 47,095 39,312 6,144

9,151 4,941 20,446 19,454 1,000

13,288 937 120,820 39,876 535

140 135 3,135 281 285

9,266 3,111 17,499 10,140 1,981

3,951 1,837 9,252 10,695 399

3,955 465 37,960 8,875 233

45 44 1,321 121 67

27.6 23.5 37.2 25.8 32.2

43.2 37.2 45.3 55.0 40.0

29.8 49.6 31.4 22.3 43.6

32.2 32.2 42.1 43.1 23.4

3.6 3.3 6.0 4.0 4.8

10.4 7.3 9.2 6.4 7.3

4.3 8.4 3.4 1.8 7.3

12.3 5.0 9.6 8.5 2.6

13.0 14.0 16.2 15.6 14.8

24.1 19.6 20.3 11.6 18.4

14.6 16.9 10.8 8.0 16.6

38.2 15.7 22.9 19.7 11.3

1,150 70 3,983 649 322 — †

†

†

540 24 1,617

†

†

†

47.0 34.1 40.6

†

†

†

10.6 7.7 9.5

†

†

†

22.6 22.5 23.5

†

22.2

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 389 Staff

See notes at end of table.

†

†

Full-time-equivalent (FTE) staff Public State or jurisdiction

Full-time-equivalent faculty as a percent of FTE staff

Full-time-equivalent (FTE) faculty

Private

Public

Private

Public

Full-time-equivalent students per FTE staff

Private

Public

Full-time-equivalent students per FTE faculty

Private

Public

Private

4-year

2-year

4-year

2-year

4-year

2-year

4-year

2-year

4-year

2-year

4-year

2-year

4-year

2-year

4-year

2-year

4-year

2-year

4-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon....................................... Pennsylvania.............................. Rhode Island .............................

56,795 20,090 18,531 52,599 3,401

11,428 4,718 7,791 8,302 849

25,655 4,422 5,229 60,226 9,113

1,261 137 325 3,728

5,681 1,801 3,176 4,271 445

9,082 1,510 2,119 18,854 2,721

553 63 150 1,617

49.7 38.2 40.8 51.5 52.4

35.4 34.1 40.5 31.3 29.9

9.8 9.2 6.4 9.1 10.9

4.5 5.6 5.0 3.7 3.9

†

16.3 16.6 12.2 12.8 18.6

19.7 24.2 15.8 17.7 20.7

12.8 16.4 12.2 11.7 13.2

26.4 22.1 19.0 18.7

†

4.1 4.6 3.7 4.3 5.6

11.6 10.1 8.8 8.1

†

25.2 27.4 30.5 33.9 30.3

43.8 45.7 46.2 43.4

†

14,328 5,503 5,652 17,826 1,029

South Carolina........................... South Dakota............................. Tennessee ................................. Texas ......................................... Utah ...........................................

18,560 4,607 23,228 96,222 15,451

6,099 566 5,564 37,396 2,526

5,318 1,304 24,618 27,353 5,820

197 48 665 1,656 307

5,569 1,568 6,521 23,524 5,369

2,802 303 2,541 16,302 1,139

1,775 474 5,740 8,777 1,962

71 28 268 680 130

30.0 34.0 28.1 24.4 34.7

46.0 53.5 45.7 43.6 45.1

33.4 36.4 23.3 32.1 33.7

35.7 59.3 40.4 41.1 42.4

4.3 5.7 4.5 4.3 5.3

8.3 8.4 9.0 8.4 7.9

5.7 6.1 2.4 4.1 6.6

8.6 5.3 9.8 9.6 9.1

14.3 16.6 15.9 17.4 15.3

18.1 15.7 19.7 19.3 17.6

17.1 16.7 10.2 12.7 19.6

24.0 9.0 24.3 23.4 21.5

Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................ West Virginia.............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming....................................

4,375 35,858 26,297 10,484 30,657 2,837

332 6,954 13,120 804 12,073 1,817

3,757 13,382 7,067 2,030 11,876

374 695 83 138 93 273

1,434 11,433 7,403 3,862 9,502 915

180 3,797 6,004 377 6,149 765

1,051 4,424 2,859 643 4,280

132 309 42 70 32 107

32.8 31.9 28.2 36.8 31.0 32.2

54.2 54.6 45.8 46.8 50.9 42.1

28.0 33.1 40.5 31.7 36.0

35.3 44.4 50.6 50.7 34.4 39.3

3.4 4.4 3.5 5.8 4.4 3.7

7.0 12.1 9.6 9.3 5.4 6.4

3.5 4.3 5.8 5.3 4.3

1.2 9.7 7.9 18.5 4.8 7.4

10.4 13.9 12.6 15.7 14.2 11.5

13.0 22.1 21.0 19.8 10.7 15.1

12.5 13.0 14.2 16.7 11.8

3.5 21.9 15.6 36.4 14.0 19.0

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

†

†

†

†

†

2-year

†

U.S. Service Schools .................

2,376

†

†

†

843

†

†

†

35.5

†

†

†

6.2

†

†

†

17.4

†

†

†

Other jurisdictions ...........

15,387

1,320

9,525

882

5,127

505

3,931

380

33.3

38.3

41.3

43.1

4.3

5.2

10.6

12.1

13.0

13.5

25.7

28.1

American Samoa ....................... Federated States of Micronesia Guam......................................... Marshall Islands......................... Northern Marianas .................... Palau.......................................... Puerto Rico................................ Virgin Islands .............................

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

194

†

†

33.7

†

†

4.2

†

†

12.3

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

13.9 20.7 7.7 8.8

†

†

5.0 6.0 3.8 3.1

†

†

35.7 28.8 48.8 35.0

†

†

76 105 104 56

†

†

†

212 366 213 160

†

†

210

†

†

†

76

†

†

†

36.1

†

†

†

4.8

†

†

†

13.2

†

†

†

†

141 228

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

3,931

380

41.3

43.1

12.1

28.1

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

13.0 11.7

25.6

†

4.4 3.4

10.6

†

33.4 28.8

13.4 14.0

†

4,707 150

4.0 7.5

†

882

29.5 53.7

†

9,525

42 123

†

†

†

†

575

14,083 520

—Not available. †Not applicable. NOTE: Data include imputations for nonrespondent institutions.

†

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Winter 2003–04 and Spring 2004. (This table was prepared September 2005).

390 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 225. Number of full-time-equivalent staff and faculty, and full-time-equivalent staff and faculty/student ratios in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: Fall 2003—Continued

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 391 Staff

Table 226. Number of instructional faculty in degree-granting institutions, by employment status and control and type of institution: Selected years, fall 1970 through fall 2003 [In thousands] Employment status

Year 1

Total

Full-time

Part-time

1

Control Percent full-time

Type Private

Public

Total

Not-for-profit

For-profit

4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1970........................................... 19712 ......................................... 1972........................................... 19732 ......................................... 19742 .........................................

474 492 500 527 567

369 379 380 389 406

104 113 120 138 161

77.9 77.0 76.0 73.8 71.6

314 333 343 365 397

160 159 157 162 170

— — — — —

— — — — —

382 387 384 401 427

92 105 116 126 140

19752 ......................................... 1976........................................... 1977........................................... 19792 ......................................... 19802 .........................................

628 633 678 675 686

440 434 448 445 450

188 199 230 230 236

70.1 68.6 66.1 65.9 65.6

443 449 492 488 495

185 184 186 187 191

— — — — —

— — — — —

467 467 485 494 494

161 166 193 182 192

1981........................................... 19822 ......................................... 1983........................................... 19842 ......................................... 19852 .........................................

705 710 724 717 715

461 462 471 462 459

244 248 254 255 256

65.4 65.1 65.0 64.4 64.2

509 506 512 505 503

196 204 212 212 212

— — — — —

— — — — —

493 493 504 504 504

212 217 220 213 211

19862 ......................................... 19873 ......................................... 19893 ......................................... 19913 ......................................... 19933 .........................................

722 793 824 826 915

459 523 524 536 546

263 270 300 291 370

63.6 66.0 63.6 64.8 59.6

510 553 577 581 650

212 240 247 245 265

— — — — 254

— — — — 11

506 548 584 591 626

216 246 241 235 290

19953 ......................................... 19973,4 ....................................... 19993,4 ....................................... 20013,4 ....................................... 20033,4 .......................................

932 990 1,028 1,113 1,175

551 569 591 618 632

381 421 437 495 543

59.1 57.5 57.5 55.5 53.8

657 695 713 771 793

275 295 315 342 382

261 271 285 306 331

14 24 30 36 52

647 683 714 764 816

285 307 314 349 359

—Not available. 1 Includes faculty members with the title of professor, associate professor, assistant professor, instructor, lecturer, assisting professor, adjunct professor, or interim professor (or the equivalent). Excluded are graduate students with titles such as graduate or teaching fellow who assist senior faculty. 2 Estimated on the basis of enrollment. 3 Because of revised survey methods, data are not directly comparable with figures for years prior to 1987. 4 Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

NOTE: Data for 1970 through 1995 are for 4-year and 2-year institutions that were accredited by an agency or organization that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. For methodological details on estimates, see National Center for Education Statistics, Projections of Education Statistics to 2000. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Employees in Institutions of Higher Education, 1970, 1972, and 1976; Projections of Education Statistics to 2000; 1987 through 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), “Fall Staff Survey” (IPEDS-S:87–99), and Winter 2001–02 through Winter 2003–04; and U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Higher Education Staff Information Survey (EEO-6), 1977, 1981, and 1983. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

392 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 227. Full-time instructional faculty in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, residency status, sex, and academic rank: Fall 2003 Minority Sex and academic rank 1

White, Total non-Hispanic

Number

Percent1

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Asian/ American Pacific Indian/ Islander Alaska Native

Race/ ethnicity unknown

Non-resident alien2

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Total................................................

631,596

506,466

97,327

15.6

33,137

20,079

41,133

2,978

6,603

21,200

Professors...............................................

166,415

144,924

19,481

11.8

5,343

3,429

10,202

507

821

1,189

Associate professors ..............................

132,961

109,313

20,777

15.7

7,204

3,861

9,183

529

904

1,967

Assistant professors ...............................

153,064

112,920

28,662

19.0

9,464

5,321

13,216

661

2,017

9,465

Instructors...............................................

93,023

73,254

16,660

18.2

6,751

4,780

4,299

830

1,351

1,758 1,072

Lecturers.................................................

23,448

18,473

3,589

15.5

1,199

1,084

1,206

100

314

Other faculty ...........................................

62,685

47,582

8,158

13.3

3,176

1,604

3,027

351

1,196

5,749

Males ......................................................

382,808

307,104

56,951

15.0

16,270

11,245

27,815

1,621

3,825

14,928

Professors...........................................

127,049

110,561

14,843

11.7

3,427

2,472

8,591

353

622

1,023

287

585

1,545

Associate professors...........................

82,758

67,497

13,131

16.0

3,863

2,338

6,643

Assistant professors............................

83,564

60,166

15,576

18.9

4,276

2,812

8,167

321

1,150

6,672

Instructors ...........................................

44,984

35,474

7,785

17.6

2,809

2,372

2,165

439

706

1,019

Lecturers.............................................

11,175

8,778

1,605

14.6

570

466

525

44

169

623 4,046

12.3

1,325

785

1,724

177

593

40,376

16.4

16,867

8,834

13,318

1,357

2,778

6,272

4,638

11.8

1,916

957

1,611

154

199

166

242

319

422

Other faculty........................................

33,278

24,628

4,011

Females ..................................................

248,788

199,362

Professors...........................................

39,366

34,363

Associate professors...........................

50,203

41,816

7,646

15.3

3,341

1,523

2,540

Assistant professors............................

69,500

52,754

13,086

19.1

5,188

2,509

5,049

340

867

2,793

Instructors ...........................................

48,039

37,780

8,875

18.7

3,942

2,408

2,134

391

645

739

Lecturers.............................................

12,273

9,695

1,984

16.4

629

618

681

56

145

449

Other faculty........................................

29,407

22,954

4,147

14.4

1,851

819

1,303

174

603

1,703

1Minority 2

faculty as a percent of total faculty for which race/ethnicity is known. Race/ethnicity not collected. NOTE: Totals may differ from figures reported in other tables because of varying survey methodologies.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Winter 2003–04. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 228. Percentage distribution of full-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, selected instruction activities, and number of classes taught for credit: Fall 2003 Research Instruction activity

Doctoral

Comprehensive

All institutions

Public

Private

Public

Private

Public

Private

Private liberal arts

Public 2-year

Other

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

681.8 100.0

(#) (†)

162.1 23.8

(0.85) (0.12)

63.5 9.3

(1.58) (0.23)

51.3 7.5

(0.76) (0.11)

21.7 3.2

(0.79) (0.12)

107.3 15.7

(2.98) (0.44)

41.4 6.1

(1.59) (0.23)

49.6 7.3

(1.80) (0.26)

138.3 20.3

(2.53) (0.37)

46.6 6.8

(2.78) (0.41)

Average hours worked per week ............................. Paid activities within institution............................. Unpaid activities within institution ........................ Paid activities outside institution .......................... Unpaid activities outside institution......................

53.3 45.4 3.8 2.2 1.9

(0.13) (0.12) (0.04) (0.05) (0.03)

55.6 48.8 3.1 1.8 1.9

(0.21) (0.19) (0.08) (0.08) (0.05)

55.8 47.8 3.3 2.7 2.0

(0.42) (0.36) (0.15) (0.21) (0.09)

54.0 45.9 3.9 2.1 2.1

(0.38) (0.31) (0.14) (0.13) (0.11)

52.4 44.7 3.8 2.3 1.7

(0.59) (0.47) (0.20) (0.25) (0.11)

53.2 44.4 4.4 2.3 2.1

(0.31) (0.27) (0.13) (0.12) (0.09)

51.8 42.9 4.4 2.2 2.3

(0.53) (0.55) (0.15) (0.17) (0.12)

54.0 45.6 4.4 2.0 2.0

(0.39) (0.39) (0.11) (0.13) (0.14)

50.0 42.1 4.0 2.3 1.6

(0.28) (0.23) (0.11) (0.12) (0.07)

52.4 43.7 3.9 3.1 1.8

(0.67) (0.72) (0.31) (0.34) (0.14)

Work time distribution (percent) Teaching............................................................... Research/scholarship .......................................... Other....................................................................

100.0 58.2 20.0 21.7

(†) (0.27) (0.44) (0.17)

100.0 43.5 33.2 23.2

(†) (0.43) (0.42) (0.45)

100.0 43.1 34.0 22.8

(†) (0.76) (0.84) (0.67)

100.0 55.5 22.3 22.2

(2.08) (0.72) (0.72) (0.64)

100.0 55.0 24.6 20.4

(†) (1.15) (0.84) (1.21)

100.0 64.7 15.0 20.4

(†) (0.70) (0.49) (0.66)

100.0 67.5 11.2 21.3

(†) (0.78) (0.57) (0.75)

100.0 65.9 12.7 21.3

(†) (0.80) (0.67) (0.73)

100.0 72.3 7.9 19.8

(†) (0.57) (0.32) (0.52)

100.0 61.2 13.8 25.0

(†) (2.14) (1.29) (1.75)

Distribution of hours taught per week (percent) Less than 4.0 ....................................................... 4.0 to 5.9.............................................................. 6.0 to 7.9.............................................................. 8.0 to 9.9.............................................................. 10.0 to 14.9.......................................................... 15.0 or more ........................................................

100.0 30.3 5.8 13.8 12.5 18.2 19.4

(†) (0.44) (0.21) (0.37) (0.30) (0.39) (0.40)

100.0 48.9 8.4 20.0 9.0 7.9 5.8

(†) (0.83) (0.50) (0.80) (0.49) (0.55) (0.43)

100.0 52.2 8.8 15.2 9.3 8.8 5.7

(†) (1.31) (0.77) (1.20) (0.87) (0.88) (0.67)

100.0 30.0 6.0 22.2 16.9 15.1 9.7

(†) (1.70) (0.58) (1.14) (1.20) (1.13) (0.92)

100.0 26.5 8.4 22.0 19.3 15.0 8.7

(†) (1.74) (1.37) (1.77) (1.76) (1.53) (1.34)

100.0 16.3 4.1 12.0 21.5 31.5 14.6

(†) (1.08) (0.53) (0.78) (0.93) (1.24) (0.93)

100.0 14.9 4.1 11.0 18.7 32.7 18.5

(†) (1.06) (0.57) (1.43) (1.78) (2.15) (1.92)

100.0 15.5 4.1 13.3 19.5 33.5 14.1

(†) (1.15) (0.57) (1.48) (1.83) (1.93) (1.39)

100.0 20.3 3.7 5.0 6.1 14.7 50.2

(†) (0.88) (0.52) (0.57) (0.60) (1.12) (1.49)

100.0 29.5 5.3 9.6 6.9 22.1 26.5

(†) (2.74) (0.89) (1.19) (1.23) (2.01) (2.54)

Distribution of number of students taught (percent) Less than 25 ........................................................ 25 to 49................................................................ 50 to 74................................................................ 75 to 99................................................................ 100 to 149............................................................ 150 or more .........................................................

100.0 30.6 17.0 16.2 13.0 14.2 9.0

(†) (0.46) (0.34) (0.33) (0.30) (0.39) (0.27)

100.0 46.0 17.0 11.9 7.6 7.6 9.8

(†) (0.84) (0.83) (0.69) (0.51) (0.54) (0.59)

100.0 51.5 16.9 10.0 6.2 7.0 8.4

(†) (1.56) (1.06) (0.99) (0.57) (0.78) (0.73)

100.0 29.7 17.1 16.3 13.9 13.2 9.8

(†) (1.53) (0.99) (1.29) (0.91) (0.87) (0.87)

100.0 31.9 18.8 20.9 11.2 9.9 7.4

(†) (1.88) (1.74) (1.64) (0.95) (1.21) (1.04)

100.0 16.8 17.9 18.7 17.5 19.4 9.7

(†) (1.25) (0.96) (0.77) (0.86) (1.22) (0.85)

100.0 16.5 22.7 26.5 17.6 13.1 3.6

(†) (1.23) (1.57) (1.32) (1.15) (1.61) (0.72)

100.0 20.8 25.4 24.4 15.8 10.6 3.0

(†) (1.44) (1.62) (1.40) (1.09) (0.96) (0.62)

100.0 21.8 11.6 14.8 16.4 23.7 11.8

(†) (0.96) (0.77) (0.70) (0.70) (1.05) (0.66)

100.0 29.7 15.4 17.8 13.3 15.4 8.4

(†) (2.19) (1.41) (1.53) (1.39) (1.46) (0.83)

Distribution of student classroom contact hours per week (percent)1 Less than 50 ........................................................ 50 to 99................................................................ 100 to 199............................................................ 200 to 349............................................................ 350 to 499............................................................ 500 or more .........................................................

100.0 24.2 5.3 7.1 9.0 7.7 46.8

(†) (0.40) (0.23) (0.20) (0.28) (0.24) (0.44)

100.0 38.3 7.7 9.4 10.9 8.0 25.6

(†) (0.83) (0.56) (0.54) (0.52) (0.44) (0.74)

100.0 42.7 7.0 10.7 10.4 8.1 21.2

(†) (1.33) (0.82) (0.87) (0.83) (0.83) (1.21)

100.0 23.2 6.4 8.0 10.4 10.6 41.4

(†) (1.52) (0.68) (0.88) (0.88) (1.03) (1.36)

100.0 22.0 7.0 8.6 12.8 11.5 38.0

(†) (1.53) (1.20) (1.38) (1.74) (1.03) (1.81)

100.0 11.9 4.3 6.2 8.6 7.9 61.1

(†) (1.04) (0.52) (0.62) (0.71) (0.91) (1.46)

100.0 12.6 2.7 4.5 10.9 10.2 59.1

(†) (1.02) (0.55) (0.66) (1.38) (0.79) (1.75)

100.0 12.2 4.9 7.2 11.9 12.4 51.4

(†) (1.05) (0.48) (1.02) (1.27) (0.93) (2.13)

100.0 17.3 3.0 3.8 4.0 3.7 68.1

(†) (0.79) (0.40) (0.49) (0.53) (0.39) (1.03)

100.0 24.1 5.1 6.2 7.4 4.4 52.7

(†) (1.97) (1.20) (1.14) (0.84) (0.84) (2.88)

Distribution of total classroom credit hours (percent) Less than 4.0 ....................................................... 4.0 to 5.9.............................................................. 6.0 to 7.9.............................................................. 8.0 to 9.9.............................................................. 10.0 to 14.9.......................................................... 15.0 or more ........................................................

100.0 31.8 6.6 15.0 14.8 20.2 11.6

(†) (0.54) (0.22) (0.37) (0.33) (0.38) (0.31)

100.0 48.9 9.4 21.6 10.4 7.7 1.9

(†) (0.82) (0.54) (0.66) (0.60) (0.51) (0.24)

100.0 52.1 10.2 14.0 10.7 9.7 3.2

(†) (1.55) (0.63) (1.04) (0.84) (0.99) (0.52)

100.0 30.1 6.8 25.1 19.9 14.8 3.3

(†) (1.46) (0.67) (1.29) (1.28) (1.17) (0.64)

100.0 29.0 10.5 21.3 20.8 13.2 5.2

(†) (1.75) (1.53) (1.71) (1.47) (1.40) (0.99)

100.0 18.0 3.5 14.2 25.3 32.0 7.0

(†) (1.03) (0.35) (0.94) (1.15) (1.20) (0.88)

100.0 17.5 4.5 12.2 23.4 35.4 6.9

(†) (1.44) (0.61) (1.04) (1.73) (1.94) (0.71)

100.0 23.7 5.6 11.4 19.1 32.5 7.7

(†) (2.18) (0.67) (1.15) (1.16) (2.20) (1.28)

100.0 21.6 4.5 7.3 8.4 22.5 35.8

(†) (0.88) (0.43) (0.70) (0.58) (1.10) (1.31)

100.0 31.2 6.3 10.0 10.2 26.9 15.5

(†) (2.66) (1.17) (1.30) (1.59) (1.89) (1.43)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 393 Staff

Number of full-time instructional faculty and staff (in thousands).................................................... Percentage distribution ............................................

Research Instruction activity

Doctoral

Comprehensive

All institutions

Public

Private

Public

Private

Public

Private

Private liberal arts

Public 2-year

Other

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1 Number of classes taught for credit

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Faculty with undergraduate classes only (percent) Total undergraduate credit courses ......................... 1........................................................................... 2........................................................................... 3........................................................................... 4........................................................................... 5 or more .............................................................

100.0 11.0 17.4 23.7 21.9 26.1

(†) (0.43) (0.62) (0.65) (0.73) (0.70)

100.0 24.2 38.0 22.6 10.8 4.4

(†) (2.40) (2.80) (2.21) (1.43) (0.86)

100.0 20.2 31.2 30.8 11.7 6.1

(†) (2.97) (3.96) (3.42) (2.99) (1.74)

100.0 14.1 24.2 31.1 20.4 10.1

(†) (2.91) (3.05) (2.98) (1.92) (1.97)

100.0 10.0 38.6 37.3 10.9 3.2

(†) (2.52) (5.05) (3.60) (2.75) (1.15)

100.0 10.5 14.6 28.6 33.3 13.0

(†) (1.31) (1.51) (1.89) (1.87) (1.56)

100.0 9.3 18.5 30.3 30.7 11.2

(†) (1.13) (2.14) (2.48) (2.77) (1.53)

100.0 9.9 22.7 34.3 21.1 12.0

(†) (0.98) (2.32) (2.57) (2.22) (1.44)

100.0 8.7 11.0 15.9 17.5 46.9

(†) (0.74) (0.77) (0.94) (1.02) (1.44)

100.0 11.4 13.2 18.0 27.7 29.7

(†) (1.89) (2.34) (2.99) (2.67) (2.23)

Faculty with graduate classes only (percent) Total graduate credit courses................................... 1........................................................................... 2........................................................................... 3........................................................................... 4........................................................................... 5 or more .............................................................

100.0 40.1 31.0 16.7 7.1 5.1

(†) (1.21) (1.07) (0.88) (0.80) (0.52)

100.0 50.4 26.3 14.3 4.5 4.4

(†) (2.17) (1.81) (1.38) (1.24) (0.69)

100.0 48.0 27.9 13.3 7.4 3.4

(†) (3.69) (2.93) (2.60) (2.07) (1.33)

100.0 34.3 39.1 16.3 7.4 2.9

(†) (3.04) (3.32) (2.76) (2.04) (1.62)

100.0 25.9 50.7 14.1 3.7 5.7

(†) (4.02) (4.02) (3.52) (1.44) (2.80)

100.0 23.6 33.6 29.6 10.1 3.1

(†) (3.86) (5.32) (4.35) (3.39) (1.52)

100.0 13.0 28.7 36.3 16.5 5.5

(†) (3.72) (4.00) (4.99) (3.92) (2.85)

100.0 15.8 31.6 22.7 16.7 13.1

(†) (6.35) (12.42) (9.79) (8.04) (6.95)

100.0 41.0 30.4 13.3 6.7 8.6

(†) (3.91) (3.57) (2.20) (2.53) (2.21)

100.0 32.8 37.1 13.0 8.6 8.5

(†) (6.12) (5.14) (4.26) (3.70) (2.95)

Faculty with both undergraduate and graduate classes (percent) Total undergraduate and graduate courses ............. 1........................................................................... 2........................................................................... 3........................................................................... 4........................................................................... 5 or more .............................................................

100.0 23.3 33.4 24.3 12.2 6.7

(†) (0.68) (0.83) (0.70) (0.54) (0.43)

100.0 32.5 44.3 15.5 4.5 3.1

(†) (1.37) (1.36) (0.99) (0.64) (0.45)

100.0 38.4 42.8 12.4 3.7 2.8

(†) (1.89) (2.33) (1.37) (1.06) (0.78)

100.0 21.1 37.1 26.5 10.1 5.2

(†) (2.17) (2.15) (1.75) (1.37) (0.75)

100.0 20.2 37.8 32.0 6.6 3.2

(†) (2.37) (2.58) (3.01) (2.02) (1.74)

100.0 9.0 19.6 38.1 23.4 9.9

(†) (1.04) (1.30) (1.91) (1.69) (1.01)

100.0 10.3 19.0 34.8 24.4 11.4

(†) (2.14) (2.78) (2.85) (3.39) (2.07)

100.0 9.4 18.3 29.5 27.5 15.2

(†) (2.00) (2.62) (3.77) (3.74) (3.65)

100.0 30.0 20.9 26.8 13.6 8.7

(†) (6.42) (5.73) (3.63) (6.37) (2.23)

100.0 20.5 17.6 20.6 17.5 23.9

(†) (4.49) (4.17) (4.69) (3.31) (4.51)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Distribution of student classroom contact hours per week is based on the number of contact hours that faculty and instructional staff spend each week with students during classroom instruction multiplied by the number of students taught.

NOTE: Totals may differ from figures reported in other tables because of varying survey methodologies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:04). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

394 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 228. Percentage distribution of full-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, selected instruction activities, and number of classes taught for credit: Fall 2003—Continued

Table 229. Percentage distribution of part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, selected instruction activities, and number of classes taught for credit: Fall 2003 Research Instruction activity

Doctoral

Comprehensive

All institutions

Public

Private

Public

Private

Public

Private

Private liberal arts

Public 2-year

Other

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

530

(#)

40

(0.8)

23

(1.0)

21

(0.8)

15

(0.8)

60

(2.5)

53

(2.2)

28

(2.2)

240

(2.9)

48

(2.4)

Percentage distribution ............................................

100.0

(†)

7.5

(0.1)

4.4

(0.2)

3.9

(0.2)

2.9

(0.2)

11.4

(0.5)

10.1

(0.4)

5.4

(0.4)

45.4

(0.5)

9.1

(0.5)

Average hours worked per week ............................. Paid activities within institution............................. Unpaid activities within institution ........................ Paid activities outside institution .......................... Unpaid activities outside institution......................

39.9 13.7 1.7 22.1 2.3

(0.3) (0.1) (0.1) (0.3) (0.1)

41.1 19.0 1.8 18.3 2.0

(0.9) (0.6) (0.3) (1.0) (0.3)

42.6 14.0 2.5 23.9 2.2

(1.2) (0.6) (0.3) (1.3) (0.3)

43.5 16.4 2.3 23.3 1.6

(1.4) (0.8) (0.3) (1.5) (0.3)

42.1 13.5 2.8 24.1 1.7

(1.3) (1.0) (0.4) (1.4) (0.4)

38.8 14.9 2.3 19.9 1.8

(1.0) (0.5) (0.2) (1.0) (0.2)

42.7 12.1 2.7 26.6 1.3

(1.1) (0.6) (0.1) (1.4) (0.1)

39.6 13.5 2.6 21.9 1.6

(1.2) (0.7) (0.2) (1.0) (0.2)

38.2 12.8 2.2 21.5 1.7

(0.5) (0.2) (0.1) (0.4) (0.1)

41.7 13.2 2.4 24.4 1.7

(1.3) (0.5) (0.2) (1.2) (0.2)

Work time distribution (percent)............................... Teaching............................................................... Research/scholarship .......................................... Other....................................................................

100.0 88.3 3.9 7.8

(†) (0.3) (0.8) (0.2)

100.0 74.1 13.3 12.6

(†) (1.8) (1.6) (1.0)

100.0 80.6 7.0 12.4

(†) (1.9) (1.0) (1.7)

100.0 84.9 7.4 7.6

(†) (1.7) (1.4) (1.0)

100.0 87.2 5.2 7.6

(†) (1.9) (1.4) (1.2)

100.0 90.8 3.2 6.0

(†) (0.8) (0.5) (0.6)

100.0 90.4 2.4 7.2

(†) (0.7) (0.5) (0.8)

100.0 90.2 2.6 7.2

(†) (1.2) (0.5) (0.9)

100.0 90.8 2.3 6.9

(†) (0.4) (0.2) (0.4)

100.0 86.8 3.7 9.5

(†) (1.2) (0.6) (1.0)

Distribution of hours taught per week (percent)....... Less than 4.0 ....................................................... 4.0 to 5.9.............................................................. 6.0 to 7.9.............................................................. 8.0 to 9.9.............................................................. 10.0 to 14.9.......................................................... 15.0 or more ........................................................

100.0 45.3 12.2 14.3 10.4 9.4 8.3

(†) (0.8) (0.5) (0.6) (0.5) (0.5) (0.4)

100.0 58.1 9.3 12.5 8.9 7.5 3.6

(†) (2.3) (1.2) (1.5) (1.2) (1.3) (0.9)

100.0 62.4 12.9 10.1 5.6 3.0 6.0

(†) (3.9) (2.5) (1.7) (1.5) (1.2) (1.9)

100.0 53.3 12.5 14.5 8.3 5.5 5.9

(†) (2.7) (1.5) (1.8) (1.8) (1.3) (1.5)

100.0 48.0 15.0 14.3 7.8 7.3 7.6

(†) (2.7) (1.6) (2.0) (1.6) (2.0) (1.3)

100.0 45.5 9.7 19.4 10.8 8.0 6.5

(†) (1.7) (1.3) (1.7) (1.1) (1.3) (1.0)

100.0 39.8 17.7 12.9 11.7 7.7 10.3

(†) (2.3) (2.1) (2.1) (1.9) (1.3) (1.6)

100.0 44.8 13.2 13.8 10.7 8.3 9.1

(†) (3.0) (1.7) (2.0) (1.5) (1.6) (2.4)

100.0 42.1 11.6 14.1 10.9 11.6 9.7

(†) (1.3) (0.7) (1.0) (0.7) (0.9) (0.6)

100.0 43.8 13.2 14.4 11.1 10.0 7.5

(†) (2.7) (1.7) (1.7) (1.6) (1.4) (1.3)

Distribution of number of students taught (percent). Less than 25 ........................................................ 25 to 49................................................................ 50 to 74................................................................ 75 to 99................................................................ 100 to 149............................................................ 150 or more .........................................................

100.0 52.0 24.9 12.1 5.8 3.4 1.9

(†) (0.8) (0.6) (0.5) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2)

100.0 55.6 17.4 11.6 5.4 4.8 5.2

(†) (2.2) (1.5) (1.2) (0.9) (1.1) (1.0)

100.0 68.9 16.9 3.7 4.1 2.0 4.5

(†) (4.0) (2.1) (1.1) (1.6) (0.7) (1.4)

100.0 44.6 27.4 12.5 7.6 4.2 3.7

(†) (2.7) (2.5) (1.7) (1.5) (1.5) (0.9)

100.0 56.9 20.7 9.8 6.8 2.9 2.8

(†) (3.3) (2.5) (2.5) (1.6) (0.9) (1.1)

100.0 41.6 24.5 17.5 6.7 7.2 2.6

(†) (2.1) (2.1) (1.5) (1.2) (1.1) (0.6)

100.0 57.9 29.4 8.5 2.0 1.8 0.4

(†) (2.5) (1.9) (0.8) (0.4) (0.6) (0.3)

100.0 60.5 24.1 10.0 3.7 1.2 0.4

(†) (2.3) (1.8) (1.7) (1.0) (0.7) (0.3)

100.0 50.0 26.4 12.6 6.3 3.3 1.3

(†) (1.3) (0.9) (0.9) (0.4) (0.4) (0.3)

100.0 53.5 23.3 13.1 7.3 1.6 1.2

(†) (3.6) (2.5) (1.8) (1.4) (0.7) (0.4)

Distribution of student classroom contact hours per week (percent)1 ................................................. Less than 50 ........................................................ 50 to 99................................................................ 100 to 199............................................................ 200 to 349............................................................ 350 to 499............................................................ 500 or more .........................................................

100.0 33.9 17.0 13.2 11.2 7.2 17.5

(†) (0.8) (0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (0.3) (0.6)

100.0 41.6 13.1 13.3 10.8 6.1 15.1

(†) (2.5) (1.5) (1.5) (1.3) (1.0) (1.9)

100.0 53.4 17.5 8.5 5.6 3.0 12.1

(†) (3.9) (2.1) (1.4) (1.4) (1.0) (2.5)

100.0 27.7 23.0 14.2 10.9 7.7 16.5

(†) (3.0) (3.4) (2.3) (2.0) (1.7) (2.3)

100.0 40.2 17.0 7.5 12.3 8.5 14.5

(†) (2.7) (2.3) (1.6) (1.9) (1.7) (2.6)

100.0 25.4 18.9 14.8 10.3 10.2 20.3

(†) (1.9) (1.4) (1.7) (1.8) (1.0) (2.0)

100.0 36.0 19.5 13.3 13.5 4.5 13.3

(†) (2.5) (1.5) (1.7) (0.9) (0.6) (1.5)

100.0 38.2 17.4 14.1 10.1 5.5 14.6

(†) (2.7) (2.0) (2.0) (1.3) (0.9) (2.8)

100.0 32.1 16.2 13.2 11.2 7.7 19.5

(†) (1.3) (1.0) (0.7) (0.7) (0.7) (1.0)

100.0 33.5 16.5 14.2 13.1 6.9 15.8

(†) (3.7) (1.8) (1.9) (1.6) (1.1) (2.1)

Distribution of total classroom credit hours (percent) Less than 4.0 ....................................................... 4.0 to 5.9.............................................................. 6.0 to 7.9.............................................................. 8.0 to 9.9.............................................................. 10.0 to 14.9.......................................................... 15.0 or more ........................................................

100.0 53.3 11.7 16.9 9.4 6.6 2.1

(†) (0.9) (0.5) (0.6) (0.4) (0.3) (0.2)

100.0 59.8 12.2 12.8 8.2 5.6 1.4

(†) (2.4) (1.5) (1.6) (0.9) (1.5) (0.6)

100.0 67.5 11.8 10.2 6.2 1.8 2.5

(†) (3.7) (2.1) (2.2) (1.2) (0.8) (0.9)

99.9 62.2 10.8 14.9 8.5 3.6 ‡

(†) (3.0) (1.6) (2.0) (1.6) (1.0) (†)

100.0 55.4 10.6 18.7 8.3 4.8 2.2

(†) (2.3) (1.8) (2.1) (2.0) (1.2) (0.8)

100.0 52.0 9.3 23.1 9.5 3.8 2.2

(†) (2.1) (1.1) (2.1) (1.0) (0.8) (0.6)

100.0 51.3 14.1 18.1 9.0 5.2 2.3

(†) (2.0) (1.8) (1.2) (1.1) (0.8) (0.6)

100.0 58.9 10.3 15.4 8.3 5.1 2.0

(†) (2.1) (1.7) (1.8) (1.3) (1.6) (0.8)

100.0 50.5 12.3 16.2 10.6 8.2 2.2

(†) (1.5) (0.8) (0.9) (0.9) (0.6) (0.3)

100.0 51.1 10.9 19.1 7.3 9.4 2.2

(†) (2.9) (1.7) (1.9) (1.1) (1.8) (0.7)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 395 Staff

Number of part-time instructional faculty and staff (in thousands)....................................................

Research Instruction activity

Doctoral

Comprehensive

All institutions

Public

Private

Public

Private

Public

Private

Private liberal arts

Public 2-year

Other

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1 Number of classes taught for credit Faculty with undergraduate classes only (percent) Total undergraduate credit courses ......................... 1........................................................................... 2........................................................................... 3........................................................................... 4........................................................................... 5 or more .............................................................

100.0 49.2 29.7 12.5 5.3 3.3

(†) (0.9) (0.9) (0.5) (0.4) (0.3)

100.0 53.1 31.2 9.4 4.6 1.7

(†) (3.8) (3.0) (1.8) (1.4) (1.0)

100.0 62.3 28.5 6.9 ‡ ‡

(†) (5.2) (5.5) (2.3) (†) (†)

100.0 58.8 26.9 11.5 ‡ 2.6

(†) (4.3) (3.1) (2.4) (†) (1.3)

100.0 45.4 39.8 13.1 ‡ 1.3

(†) (4.6) (4.3) (3.2) (†) (1.1)

100.0 48.4 33.1 10.8 4.0 3.7

(†) (2.4) (2.3) (1.3) (1.1) (1.0)

100.0 54.1 29.2 9.4 5.4 1.8

(†) (2.8) (2.3) (1.4) (1.1) (0.8)

100.0 53.7 25.0 10.2 5.6 5.5

(†) (3.4) (2.2) (1.6) (2.0) (1.7)

100.0 47.9 29.1 13.6 6.1 3.3

(†) (1.2) (1.2) (0.8) (0.6) (0.5)

100.0 42.5 31.4 15.3 5.3 5.5

(†) (2.9) (2.7) (2.0) (1.6) (1.7)

100.0 72.6 16.6 5.3 3.1 2.4

(†) (1.7) (1.3) (0.9) (0.8) (0.5)

100.0 71.7 20.6 4.0 ‡ 3.7

(†) (5.2) (4.6) (2.3) (†) (2.1)

100.0 81.7 7.4 5.7 5.2 ‡

(†) (4.9) (3.2) (2.7) (3.2) (†)

100.0 81.8 10.8 7.4 ‡ ‡

(†) (4.9) (4.1) (4.5) (†) (†)

100.0 72.2 16.2 5.7 4.0 ‡

(†) (5.3) (4.5) (3.5) (1.4) (†)

100.0 74.8 12.9 3.7 5.2 ‡

(†) (5.6) (4.4) (2.4) (3.5) (†)

100.0 62.2 23.3 7.6 3.9 2.9

(†) (3.7) (2.4) (2.4) (1.3) (1.4)

100.0 69.9 18.8 2.9 6.6 ‡

(†) (6.7) (5.8) (2.1) (4.2) (†)

100.0 69.8 26.4 ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (13.9) (13.6) (†) (†) (†)

100.0 76.9 14.5 4.4 ‡ 2.8

(†) (5.5) (3.2) (2.9) (†) (1.5)

100.0 46.5 28.7 13.5 5.9 5.4

(†) (2.1) (2.0) (1.8) (1.2) (1.2)

100.0 51.3 29.6 11.3 3.3 4.4

(†) (5.2) (4.5) (3.2) (1.6) (2.1)

100.0 46.4 36.3 11.4 ‡ ‡

(†) (10.6) (8.4) (5.7) (†) (†)

100.0 59.3 18.5 16.9 ‡ 5.0

(†) (5.2) (6.2) (6.3) (†) (2.4)

100.0 63.7 18.1 ‡ 7.8 ‡

(†) (8.9) (5.8) (†) (6.0) (†)

100.0 38.0 30.7 17.8 7.9 5.7

(†) (6.0) (3.9) (4.0) (3.5) (2.8)

100.0 38.9 32.7 16.6 5.4 6.4

(†) (4.2) (5.1) (3.7) (3.1) (2.4)

100.0 44.1 35.1 12.3 5.8 2.7

(†) (8.7) (9.6) (4.7) (2.2) (2.3)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

100.0 47.2 25.0 9.7 7.7 10.3

(†) (7.2) (6.5) (5.6) (3.8) (5.1)

Faculty with graduate classes only (percent)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total graduate credit courses................................... 1........................................................................... 2........................................................................... 3........................................................................... 4........................................................................... 5 or more ............................................................. Faculty with both undergraduate and graduate classes (percent) Total undergraduate and graduate courses ............. 1........................................................................... 2........................................................................... 3........................................................................... 4........................................................................... 5 or more .............................................................

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Distribution of student classroom contact hours per week is based on the number of contact hours that faculty and instructional staff spend each week with students during classroom instruction multiplied by the number of students taught.

NOTE: Totals may differ from figures reported in other tables because of varying survey methodologies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:04). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

396 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 229. Percentage distribution of part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, selected instruction activities, and number of classes taught for credit: Fall 2003—Continued

Table 230. Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and selected characteristics: Fall 1992, fall 1998, and fall 2003 Fall 2003

Selected characteristic 1

Number in Number in Number in thousands, thousands, thousands, 1992 1998 2003

Research

Doctoral

Comprehensive

Total

Public

Private

Public

Private

Public

Private

Private liberal arts

Public 2-year

Other

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

2

3

4

Full-time instructional faculty Number (in thousands) ....................... Percentage distribution........................

528.3 †

560.4 †

681.8 †

681.8 100.0

(0.05) (†)

162.1 23.8

(0.85) (0.12)

63.5 9.3

(1.58) (0.23)

51.3 7.5

(0.76) (0.11)

Total....................................................

†

†

†

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

Sex Male ........................................................ Female ....................................................

352.7 175.5

356.9 203.5

420.4 261.4

61.7 38.3

(0.35) (0.35)

69.9 30.1

(0.62) (0.62)

68.8 31.2

(0.90) (0.90)

62.8 37.2

(1.29) (1.29)

66.7 33.3

(2.04) (2.04)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic................................ Black, non-Hispanic ................................ Hispanic .................................................. Asian/Pacific Islander.............................. American Indian/Alaska Native...............

456.7 27.4 13.9 27.7 2.6

477.0 28.4 18.5 32.5 4.0

547.7 38.1 23.8 62.3 10.0

80.3 5.6 3.5 9.1 1.5

(0.27) (0.17) (0.10) (0.16) (0.11)

79.0 3.7 2.9 13.2 1.1

(0.50) (0.26) (0.18) (0.45) (0.17)

77.6 4.9 3.5 12.8 1.2

(0.73) (0.49) (0.36) (0.63) (0.40)

81.3 4.1 2.9 10.1 1.6

(1.33) (0.50) (0.37) (1.17) (0.35)

82.7 5.1 2.2 9.3 0.7

Age 29 or younger.......................................... 30 to 34................................................... 35 to 39................................................... 40 to 44................................................... 45 to 49................................................... 50 to 54................................................... 55 to 59................................................... 60 to 64................................................... 65 or older...............................................

7.6 35.4 66.8 90.2 97.7 94.9 67.3 44.6 23.8

8.8 32.2 60.1 81.9 96.8 104.7 90.2 55.0 30.6

17.5 54.8 83.1 92.9 108.5 114.1 107.8 69.5 33.5

2.6 8.0 12.2 13.6 15.9 16.7 15.8 10.2 4.9

(0.16) (0.26) (0.30) (0.34) (0.36) (0.38) (0.38) (0.27) (0.20)

2.5 8.9 13.7 15.0 16.3 15.9 13.7 9.4 4.6

(0.33) (0.49) (0.62) (0.74) (0.53) (0.77) (0.74) (0.48) (0.35)

3.0 9.2 15.5 14.4 15.0 14.5 11.3 9.6 7.5

(0.56) (1.06) (1.26) (0.78) (1.08) (0.87) (0.86) (0.79) (0.70)

2.5 8.5 11.8 12.9 17.0 15.6 15.4 11.7 4.5

(0.36) (0.80) (1.08) (0.95) (1.16) (1.09) (1.00) (0.90) (0.62)

Highest degree Less than bachelor’s ............................... Bachelor’s ............................................... Master’s .................................................. First-professional .................................... Doctoral ..................................................

6.3 20.9 155.8 58.3 283.8

6.7 22.5 156.0 51.7 323.5

10.0 29.4 179.8 56.1 406.6

1.5 4.3 26.4 8.2 59.6

(0.12) (0.24) (0.39) (0.30) (0.48)

0.2 2.0 12.3 11.8 73.7

(0.09) (0.27) (0.49) (0.53) (0.61)

0.2 2.0 9.9 18.4 69.4

(0.14) (0.41) (0.93) (1.19) (1.45)

0.2 2.9 20.3 4.7 71.9

Academic rank Professor................................................. Associate professor ................................ Assistant professor ................................. Instructor................................................. Lecturer................................................... Other....................................................... No rank ...................................................

160.6 123.7 124.3 73.9 11.9 17.1 16.9

172.2 132.0 125.0 74.9 14.1 26.3 15.8

194.4 149.6 158.1 82.7 21.9 56.5 18.6

28.5 21.9 23.2 12.1 3.2 8.3 2.7

(0.54) (0.37) (0.41) (0.42) (0.22) (0.32) (0.19)

33.8 23.3 22.5 4.3 4.6 10.6 0.8

(0.95) (0.63) (0.68) (0.27) (0.34) (0.64) (0.14)

34.0 22.0 26.6 5.0 4.9 7.1 0.4

(1.15) (1.12) (1.38) (0.79) (0.59) (0.54) (0.20)

Base salary Under $10,000 ........................................ $10,000 to 24,999................................... $25,000 to 39,999................................... $40,000 to 54,999................................... $55,000 to 69,999................................... $70,000 to 84,999................................... $85,000 to 99,999................................... $100,000 or more ...................................

13.8 29.4 181.8 163.8 76.7 32.1 11.1 19.6

9.7 19.3 123.7 171.1 106.2 57.9 28.1 44.4

4.9 18.6 79.7 192.4 147.7 94.8 50.7 93.1

0.7 2.7 11.7 28.2 21.7 13.9 7.4 13.7

(0.07) (0.15) (0.42) (0.45) (0.52) (0.32) (0.29) (0.34)

0.9 2.4 8.0 19.2 18.9 15.3 11.1 24.1

(0.17) (0.27) (0.49) (0.78) (0.58) (0.64) (0.54) (0.76)

0.9 2.8 5.6 15.5 15.4 16.0 9.8 34.0

(0.32) (0.40) (0.66) (1.13) (0.99) (1.01) (0.80) (1.20)

21.7 3.2

(0.79) (0.12)

107.3 15.7

(2.98) (0.44)

41.4 6.1

(1.59) (0.23)

49.6 7.3

(1.80) (0.26)

138.3 20.3

(2.53) (0.37)

46.6 6.8

(2.78) (0.41)

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

58.8 41.2

(0.84) (0.84)

57.6 42.4

(2.03) (2.03)

59.7 40.3

(1.14) (1.14)

52.3 47.7

(0.99) (0.99)

59.8 40.2

(1.71) (1.71)

(1.55) (0.79) (0.59) (1.40) (0.36)

78.0 8.7 3.6 7.9 1.8

(1.12) (0.73) (0.23) (0.34) (0.50)

85.6 4.8 2.4 5.9 1.2

(1.02) (0.65) (0.36) (0.74) (0.38)

86.0 6.3 2.3 3.8 1.6

(0.81) (0.69) (0.26) (0.33) (0.31)

80.3 6.3 5.3 6.2 1.9

(0.82) (0.49) (0.37) (0.39) (0.30)

81.1 5.4 3.1 9.2 1.2

(1.64) (1.05) (0.54) (1.22) (0.50)

2.0 6.9 10.0 11.4 15.8 16.1 15.6 12.7 9.5

(0.60) (0.92) (1.60) (1.32) (1.80) (1.54) (1.89) (1.58) (1.34)

2.2 7.7 10.7 12.0 16.2 16.6 17.1 12.5 4.9

(0.38) (0.73) (0.84) (0.82) (0.87) (0.98) (0.88) (0.75) (0.55)

2.7 8.6 10.1 14.2 13.6 17.3 17.0 11.0 5.5

(0.57) (0.96) (0.79) (1.00) (1.31) (1.48) (1.22) (1.26) (0.66)

3.1 9.7 13.5 12.8 14.9 16.2 14.6 11.3 3.8

(0.53) (0.86) (1.09) (0.89) (0.99) (0.92) (0.88) (1.01) (0.59)

2.6 5.8 11.2 13.1 15.4 19.3 19.8 8.7 4.0

(0.39) (0.46) (0.80) (0.90) (0.70) (0.91) (1.04) (0.69) (0.55)

2.4 8.6 10.2 15.4 18.9 16.9 15.3 8.2 4.0

(0.89) (1.12) (1.27) (1.84) (1.88) (1.43) (1.67) (1.09) (0.77)

(0.09) (0.51) (1.19) (0.49) (1.30)

0.5 1.6 12.9 9.7 75.4

(0.37) (0.46) (1.17) (1.47) (2.03)

0.1 3.1 22.7 2.0 72.1

(0.07) (0.63) (1.08) (0.30) (1.34)

# 2.8 28.7 3.5 65.0

(†) (0.58) (2.10) (0.89) (2.47)

0.8 2.1 27.2 0.9 69.1

(0.26) (0.53) (1.71) (0.18) (1.92)

5.1 9.7 54.5 7.3 23.4

(0.49) (0.81) (1.16) (0.65) (1.31)

3.6 8.8 32.7 14.4 40.4

(0.96) (1.23) (2.71) (2.39) (2.85)

27.3 25.9 23.5 9.0 5.4 8.5 0.5

(1.34) (1.54) (1.36) (0.94) (0.80) (0.59) (0.25)

30.3 31.6 21.6 4.5 2.5 8.9 0.6

(2.37) (1.73) (1.63) (0.89) (0.40) (1.23) (0.45)

29.8 23.2 28.3 7.6 5.4 5.7 0.1

(1.23) (1.30) (1.08) (0.81) (0.99) (0.94) (0.05)

24.8 27.0 31.8 6.8 1.9 7.3 0.5

(1.61) (1.41) (2.00) (1.02) (0.67) (1.12) (0.10)

28.5 24.6 30.3 6.6 1.0 8.8 0.2

(1.79) (1.27) (1.14) (0.91) (0.23) (1.11) (0.10)

21.7 15.1 14.4 32.6 0.3 7.8 8.2

(1.57) (1.04) (1.01) (1.88) (0.07) (0.70) (0.73)

23.3 18.6 20.8 16.4 1.3 9.1 10.6

(2.04) (1.85) (1.97) (1.74) (0.42) (1.15) (1.76)

0.8 3.8 13.0 27.4 22.3 14.7 7.8 10.2

(0.26) (0.55) (0.65) (1.10) (1.05) (1.03) (0.79) (0.82)

0.1 1.7 6.6 21.3 26.4 15.6 10.1 18.2

(0.08) (0.74) (1.03) (2.12) (2.02) (1.52) (1.32) (1.63)

0.5 3.1 12.2 34.0 24.1 14.7 8.1 3.3

(0.20) (0.36) (1.12) (1.40) (1.26) (1.21) (0.78) (0.46)

0.4 2.8 12.8 38.8 24.9 10.5 4.0 5.8

(0.23) (0.41) (1.85) (1.63) (1.78) (1.18) (1.15) (0.90)

0.6 2.6 15.2 39.6 23.1 11.2 3.7 4.0

(0.19) (0.58) (1.38) (1.64) (1.34) (1.46) (0.56) (0.57)

0.6 2.7 16.0 33.7 23.0 13.5 4.1 6.4

(0.13) (0.40) (1.18) (1.39) (1.36) (1.00) (0.52) (0.50)

1.3 2.5 14.9 29.8 23.1 9.8 5.1 13.6

(0.56) (0.79) (1.76) (1.88) (1.95) (1.57) (0.74) (2.72)

Percentage distribution of full-time faculty

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 397 Staff

See notes at end of table.

Fall 2003

Selected characteristic 1

Number in Number in Number in thousands, thousands, thousands, 1992 1998 2003

Research

Doctoral

Comprehensive

Total

Public

Private

Public

Private

Public

Private

Private liberal arts

Public 2-year

Other

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

2

3

4

Part-time instructional faculty Number (in thousands) ....................... Percentage distribution........................

376.7 †

416.0 †

530.0 †

530.0 100.0

(0.02) (†)

39.7 7.5

(0.78) (0.15)

23.2 4.4

(0.96) (0.18)

20.8 3.9

(0.82) (0.15)

Total....................................................

†

†

†

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

Sex Male ........................................................ Female ....................................................

208.7 168.0

217.0 199.1

275.9 254.1

52.1 47.9

(0.45) (0.45)

50.4 49.6

(1.97) (1.97)

60.2 39.8

(1.92) (1.92)

50.2 49.8

(2.26) (2.26)

58.4 41.6

(3.34) (3.34)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic................................ Black, non-Hispanic ................................ Hispanic .................................................. Asian/Pacific Islander.............................. American Indian/Alaska Native...............

332.8 18.3 11.2 12.2 2.3

364.4 18.9 15.5 13.2 4.0

451.6 29.7 18.7 20.3 9.7

85.2 5.6 3.5 3.8 1.8

(0.38) (0.20) (0.13) (0.22) (0.22)

82.4 2.7 3.2 9.9 1.8

(1.63) (0.72) (0.56) (1.39) (0.68)

85.8 4.1 2.5 6.4 1.2

(1.78) (1.14) (0.78) (1.05) (0.74)

87.9 2.4 4.1 4.5 1.1

(2.19) (1.01) (0.81) (1.14) (0.69)

88.9 2.8 2.8 4.9 0.6

Age 29 or younger.......................................... 30 to 34................................................... 35 to 39................................................... 40 to 44................................................... 45 to 49................................................... 50 to 54................................................... 55 to 59................................................... 60 to 64................................................... 65 or older...............................................

20.5 35.9 58.9 70.0 68.0 45.1 28.8 22.9 26.6

15.1 37.1 47.2 60.4 72.1 69.8 47.1 28.8 38.4

30.0 46.2 57.4 59.7 82.4 80.5 74.5 46.4 52.9

5.7 8.7 10.8 11.3 15.5 15.2 14.1 8.8 10.0

(0.32) (0.33) (0.44) (0.46) (0.51) (0.52) (0.44) (0.43) (0.45)

7.2 9.9 11.3 11.4 16.3 14.5 10.8 7.4 11.2

(1.02) (1.37) (1.43) (1.43) (1.52) (1.56) (1.46) (1.42) (1.46)

4.4 11.6 7.1 11.1 17.3 12.6 13.3 8.1 14.4

(1.40) (1.47) (1.35) (1.94) (1.70) (2.33) (2.99) (1.80) (1.83)

9.0 7.6 10.5 13.7 15.6 15.4 13.0 8.7 6.4

(1.78) (1.30) (1.93) (2.32) (2.56) (2.34) (2.08) (1.65) (1.25)

Highest degree Less than bachelor's ............................... Bachelor's ............................................... Master's .................................................. First-professional .................................... Doctor's...................................................

17.2 62.7 190.2 39.6 58.9

20.3 58.8 225.1 36.0 75.8

41.1 83.8 273.1 38.5 93.5

7.8 15.8 51.5 7.3 17.6

(0.59) (0.55) (0.80) (0.39) (0.60)

2.2 9.9 35.6 16.7 35.6

(0.59) (1.32) (2.39) (1.98) (2.56)

2.5 10.9 36.6 21.3 28.7

(1.27) (1.94) (3.36) (2.68) (3.88)

0.5 13.9 53.8 7.7 24.1

Academic rank Professor................................................. Associate professor ................................ Assistant professor ................................. Instructor................................................. Lecturer................................................... Other....................................................... No rank ...................................................

32.3 22.5 24.2 215.4 45.3 27.6 9.3

30.2 19.4 23.1 205.4 46.3 75.2 16.5

23.3 14.6 19.8 187.7 40.9 230.9 12.8

4.4 2.8 3.7 35.4 7.7 43.6 2.4

(0.30) (0.22) (0.29) (0.83) (0.41) (0.85) (0.20)

8.1 4.3 11.0 20.8 21.5 33.3 1.0

(1.54) (0.94) (1.49) (1.72) (1.67) (2.17) (0.30)

5.6 6.0 11.9 18.2 18.6 38.2 1.6

(1.18) (1.45) (3.02) (1.92) (2.30) (2.49) (1.20)

Base salary Under $10,000 ........................................ $10,000 to 24,999................................... $25,000 to 39,999................................... $40,000 to 54,999................................... $55,000 to 69,999................................... $70,000 to 84,999................................... $85,000 to 99,999................................... $100,000 or more ...................................

280.5 68.1 15.8 5.3 2.2 1.1 0.9 2.7

256.2 112.4 26.3 11.8 4.2 2.4 # #

366.5 114.8 27.5 9.6 4.7 1.9 1.5 3.5

69.1 21.7 5.2 1.8 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.7

(0.65) (0.63) (0.32) (0.14) (0.15) (0.07) (0.07) (0.10)

46.7 26.3 12.2 5.8 3.0 2.2 1.0 2.9

(2.34) (2.33) (1.38) (1.05) (0.65) (0.57) (0.46) (0.63)

58.1 24.1 7.7 5.0 2.0 0.9 1.0 1.3

(2.98) (2.81) (1.76) (1.18) (1.00) (0.55) (0.51) (0.72)

15.4 2.9

(0.83) (0.16)

60.3 11.4

(2.49) (0.47)

53.5 10.1

(2.17) (0.41)

28.4 5.4

(2.19) (0.41)

240.4 45.4

(2.90) (0.55)

48.3 9.1

(2.42) (0.46)

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

50.0 50.0

(1.59) (1.59)

53.9 46.1

(1.53) (1.53)

50.3 49.7

(1.95) (1.95)

50.9 49.1

(0.63) (0.63)

55.4 44.6

(1.85) (1.85)

(1.99) (0.99) (0.66) (1.79) (0.35)

87.2 4.7 3.1 3.3 1.7

(1.89) (1.20) (0.39) (0.59) (0.61)

91.0 2.8 2.4 1.9 1.9

(0.85) (0.40) (0.30) (0.61) (0.42)

86.2 8.1 2.1 2.7 0.9

(1.59) (1.27) (0.48) (0.63) (0.35)

83.5 7.0 4.4 3.1 2.1

(0.53) (0.24) (0.21) (0.30) (0.36)

84.1 6.8 2.8 4.0 2.3

(1.75) (1.10) (0.60) (0.95) (0.85)

5.7 7.9 14.7 7.7 10.1 14.8 16.2 9.9 13.0

(1.86) (1.96) (2.41) (1.71) (1.90) (2.52) (2.51) (2.91) (2.70)

7.9 8.2 11.4 10.8 13.0 13.2 13.9 10.3 11.2

(1.18) (0.91) (1.46) (1.37) (1.28) (1.34) (1.08) (1.37) (1.21)

3.0 7.8 10.2 10.9 15.5 17.4 14.2 9.6 11.4

(0.60) (0.94) (1.01) (1.24) (1.06) (1.28) (1.36) (1.37) (1.60)

5.3 9.4 10.5 12.8 14.1 15.8 13.4 8.1 10.6

(0.84) (1.38) (1.76) (1.87) (1.96) (1.63) (1.93) (1.32) (1.74)

5.6 8.8 10.5 11.3 16.0 15.6 14.4 8.7 9.1

(0.54) (0.58) (0.76) (0.72) (0.80) (0.90) (0.70) (0.77) (0.87)

4.4 7.9 13.1 11.0 17.6 14.8 15.5 7.5 8.1

(1.02) (1.04) (1.47) (1.59) (2.15) (1.31) (1.68) (1.28) (1.31)

(0.28) (2.09) (3.16) (1.52) (3.30)

2.1 7.6 41.7 13.6 35.0

(0.76) (2.48) (3.47) (2.41) (2.65)

2.1 13.1 57.8 4.2 22.7

(0.61) (1.84) (2.32) (0.79) (1.83)

0.7 7.5 64.4 4.8 22.6

(0.28) (1.08) (2.33) (0.90) (1.88)

0.9 8.6 61.0 7.2 22.2

(0.38) (1.52) (2.21) (1.50) (2.09)

14.1 21.1 51.4 4.2 9.2

(1.17) (1.13) (1.59) (0.50) (0.66)

7.1 16.9 46.8 12.6 16.7

(1.48) (1.98) (3.82) (1.92) (2.21)

4.6 2.6 3.3 28.7 13.2 45.4 2.3

(1.43) (1.14) (0.80) (2.27) (2.07) (2.50) (0.80)

5.7 2.9 7.0 20.1 9.6 53.4 1.4

(1.40) (1.03) (1.73) (3.25) (1.72) (3.25) (0.81)

5.7 2.1 2.0 25.4 15.8 47.7 1.2

(1.01) (0.69) (0.49) (2.41) (2.18) (3.01) (0.39)

2.4 3.1 3.0 21.9 8.6 59.7 1.2

(0.55) (0.79) (0.86) (1.64) (2.32) (3.84) (0.32)

4.4 4.7 5.1 24.5 6.7 52.2 2.3

(0.85) (1.11) (1.81) (2.13) (1.72) (3.03) (0.70)

3.3 1.8 1.5 48.3 2.7 39.7 2.7

(0.49) (0.31) (0.25) (1.57) (0.41) (1.43) (0.37)

6.3 3.7 6.5 33.4 2.9 41.6 5.5

(1.12) (1.12) (1.30) (2.27) (0.95) (3.60) (1.36)

70.1 19.7 5.7 1.9 1.4 0.2 0.4 0.5

(3.01) (2.36) (1.48) (0.70) (0.71) (0.21) (0.30) (0.52)

68.1 21.5 4.8 3.0 1.0 0.4 0.0 1.2

(3.50) (3.63) (1.72) (1.00) (0.65) (0.39) (0.05) (0.75)

71.3 21.0 4.9 1.6 0.9 0.0 0.3 0.0

(2.39) (1.97) (1.09) (0.44) (0.59) 0.00 (0.23) 0.00

76.6 16.5 4.4 0.9 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.4

(2.71) (2.06) (1.15) (0.31) (0.31) (0.21) (0.04) (0.27)

75.6 15.3 5.3 1.1 1.6 0.1 0.2 0.8

(3.02) (1.98) (1.24) (0.55) (0.65) (0.14) (0.22) (0.46)

71.1 23.0 4.3 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3

(1.03) (1.01) (0.43) (0.16) (0.14) (0.06) (0.09) (0.08)

68.5 21.3 3.8 4.2 0.4 0.5 0.2 1.2

(2.14) (1.74) (0.89) (0.91) (0.31) (0.26) (0.13) (0.58)

Percentage distribution of part-time faculty

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. NOTE: Totals may differ from figures reported in other tables because of varying survey methodologies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1993, 1999, and 2004 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:93;99;04). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

398 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 230. Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and selected characteristics: Fall 1992, fall 1998, and fall 2003—Continued

_

Table 231. Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, and selected characteristics: Fall 2003

Selected characteristic

White, non-Hispanic

Number, in thousands Percent

1

2

3

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Asian/Pacific Islander

American Indian/Alaska Native

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Full-time instructional faculty and staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

682 †

(0.0) (†)

† 100.0

338 49.6

(2.6) (0.39)

209 30.7

(2.4) (0.36)

20 2.9

(1.0) (0.15)

19 2.7

(0.9) (0.13)

13 2.0

(0.6) (0.09)

10 1.5

(0.6) (0.08)

43 6.3

(1.0) (0.15)

19 2.8

(1.0) (0.15)

6 0.8

(0.6) (0.08)

4 0.6

(0.5) (0.07)

Type and control Public research ................................... Private research.................................. Public doctoral .................................... Private doctoral................................... Public comprehensive......................... Private comprehensive ....................... Private liberal arts ............................... Public 2-year ....................................... Other...................................................

162 64 51 22 107 41 50 138 47

(0.8) (1.2) (0.9) (0.4) (0.3) (0.3) (0.2) (0.8) (0.2)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

55.4 54.7 50.2 56.0 45.9 48.9 51.9 42.2 48.1

(0.67) (1.00) (1.48) (2.39) (1.03) (2.00) (1.20) (1.01) (2.17)

23.6 22.9 31.1 26.7 32.1 36.7 34.1 38.1 32.9

(0.59) (0.80) (1.22) (1.94) (0.98) (1.93) (0.99) (0.80) (1.66)

2.1 2.2 2.1 3.0 4.7 2.3 3.5 2.8 2.9

(0.27) (0.30) (0.44) (0.70) (0.64) (0.53) (0.56) (0.25) (0.80)

1.7 2.7 2.0 2.1 4.0 2.4 2.8 3.5 2.5

(0.19) (0.37) (0.30) (0.42) (0.42) (0.44) (0.36) (0.44) (0.55)

1.8 2.1 1.6 1.4 2.1 1.6 1.0 2.8 1.6

(0.16) (0.30) (0.20) (0.49) (0.20) (0.31) (0.20) (0.33) (0.40)

1.1 1.4 1.3 0.8 1.6 0.8 1.3 2.5 1.5

(0.15) (0.31) (0.27) (0.38) (0.19) (0.22) (0.27) (0.30) (0.39)

10.0 8.9 7.9 5.8 5.3 4.1 2.2 3.3 6.3

(0.47) (0.66) (1.27) (1.06) (0.40) (0.65) (0.28) (0.37) (1.01)

3.2 3.9 2.2 3.5 2.6 1.9 1.5 2.8 2.9

(0.35) (0.48) (0.56) (0.93) (0.28) (0.53) (0.29) (0.45) (0.73)

0.6 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.0 1.2 0.9

(0.14) (0.39) (0.32) (0.34) (0.23) (0.26) (0.24) (0.25) (0.51)

0.6 0.4 0.6 ‡ 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.3

(0.11) (0.23) (0.22) (†) (0.33) (0.30) (0.18) (0.17) (0.18)

Academic rank Professor............................................. Associate professor ............................ Assistant professor ............................. Instructor............................................. Lecturer............................................... Other................................................... No rank ...............................................

194 150 158 83 22 57 19

(3.7) (2.6) (2.8) (2.8) (1.5) (2.2) (1.3)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

65.5 51.6 41.0 38.2 36.7 38.8 40.2

(0.74) (0.98) (0.83) (1.23) (2.59) (1.51) (2.37)

20.3 28.4 33.6 41.2 43.9 39.8 43.0

(0.61) (0.78) (0.81) (1.09) (2.21) (1.37) (2.45)

2.6 3.1 3.1 3.2 2.9 2.5 1.5

(0.27) (0.42) (0.37) (0.56) (0.91) (0.54) (0.52)

1.1 2.4 3.8 4.4 3.0 3.9 2.0

(0.21) (0.26) (0.38) (0.57) (0.91) (0.56) (0.83)

1.8 1.7 2.3 2.5 1.3 1.7 2.3

(0.13) (0.19) (0.22) (0.37) (0.38) (0.22) (0.75)

0.8 1.3 1.9 2.3 3.8 2.2 0.7

(0.13) (0.15) (0.15) (0.31) (0.77) (0.35) (0.24)

5.7 7.0 8.7 3.1 2.4 7.0 4.5

(0.42) (0.52) (0.49) (0.44) (0.89) (0.98) (1.17)

1.1 2.9 4.3 3.1 4.0 2.8 3.8

(0.21) (0.36) (0.35) (0.48) (0.99) (0.56) (1.39)

0.8 1.0 0.7 0.9 1.3 0.8 1.1

(0.14) (0.21) (0.16) (0.26) (0.52) (0.39) (0.74)

0.4 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.8

(0.12) (0.11) (0.15) (0.31) (0.30) (0.18) (0.46)

Age Under 35 ............................................. 35 to 44............................................... 45 to 54............................................... 55 to 64............................................... 65 to 69............................................... 70 or older...........................................

72 176 223 177 25 9

(2.2) (2.8) (3.2) (3.1) (1.2) (0.6)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

39.4 44.4 46.9 58.6 69.6 71.4

(1.19) (0.87) (0.77) (0.84) (2.16) (3.37)

33.5 30.1 34.6 27.8 18.6 12.5

(1.31) (0.72) (0.75) (0.65) (1.79) (3.14)

2.9 2.7 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.8

(0.48) (0.35) (0.27) (0.28) (0.79) (1.42)

4.6 3.2 2.6 1.8 1.9 2.0

(0.58) (0.34) (0.20) (0.19) (0.67) (1.21)

2.6 2.6 1.8 1.4 1.8 0.8

(0.39) (0.24) (0.16) (0.14) (0.48) (0.52)

2.7 1.9 1.5 0.9 0.3 ‡

(0.36) (0.18) (0.18) (0.12) (0.17) (†)

8.9 9.0 5.9 3.8 3.3 5.0

(0.85) (0.43) (0.38) (0.37) (0.75) (1.92)

4.3 4.8 2.1 1.4 1.1 ‡

(0.67) (0.42) (0.26) (0.23) (0.48) (†)

0.6 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.4 1.7

(0.19) (0.17) (0.17) (0.18) (0.25) (1.09)

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 ‡ ‡

(0.15) (0.16) (0.12) (0.13) (†) (†)

Base salary Under $10,000 .................................... $10,000 to 24,999............................... $25,000 to 39,999............................... $40,000 to 54,999............................... $55,000 to 69,999............................... $70,000 to 84,999............................... $85,000 to 99,999............................... $100,000 or more ...............................

5 19 80 192 148 95 51 93

(0.5) (1.0) (2.9) (3.1) (3.5) (2.2) (2.0) (2.3)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

40.3 43.1 36.0 42.2 48.7 55.8 61.9 66.9

(5.67) (2.69) (1.21) (0.95) (0.88) (1.29) (1.58) (0.99)

32.5 35.3 44.5 38.2 31.9 24.2 18.5 13.7

(4.71) (2.59) (1.25) (0.79) (0.80) (1.14) (1.03) (0.74)

5.2 1.3 2.9 2.7 3.1 2.9 3.8 2.4

(0.79) (0.38) (0.55) (0.27) (0.35) (0.39) (0.69) (0.38)

4.1 3.2 3.7 3.7 2.5 1.7 1.5 1.6

(2.13) (0.91) (0.46) (0.37) (0.28) (0.40) (0.38) (0.33)

0.5 2.1 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.4 1.5 2.1

(0.43) (0.63) (0.29) (0.18) (0.25) (0.34) (0.41) (0.29)

4.0 2.5 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.0 1.0 0.8

(1.74) (0.61) (0.28) (0.14) (0.21) (0.20) (0.28) (0.17)

7.1 6.7 3.8 5.0 6.0 8.1 8.3 9.0

(3.01) (1.26) (0.68) (0.43) (0.43) (0.67) (1.06) (0.80)

6.1 3.8 3.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.8

(2.76) (0.94) (0.48) (0.27) (0.31) (0.41) (0.57) (0.50)

‡ 0.9 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6

(†) (0.52) (0.26) (0.15) (0.23) (0.23) (0.24) (0.20)

‡ 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.1

(†) (0.50) (0.23) (0.14) (0.15) (0.19) (0.12) (0.09)

Total household income Under $10,000 .................................... $10,000 to 24,999............................... $25,000 to 39,999............................... $40,000 to 54,999............................... $55,000 to 69,999............................... $70,000 to 84,999............................... $85,000 to 99,999............................... $100,000 or more ...............................

‡ 3 20 55 86 75 95 347

(†) (0.3) (1.1) (1.8) (1.6) (2.2) (2.2) (3.6)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

‡ 42.0 36.5 39.8 43.1 50.6 46.7 50.9

(†) (6.54) (2.68) (1.66) (1.23) (1.20) (1.15) (0.52)

‡ 29.3 39.0 38.4 34.2 31.2 32.5 27.5

(†) (6.12) (2.28) (1.42) (1.21) (1.11) (0.83) (0.52)

‡ 1.4 3.3 2.9 4.1 2.4 2.8 2.6

(†) (1.13) (1.56) (0.59) (0.50) (0.40) (0.39) (0.18)

‡ 2.5 4.5 4.2 4.4 2.8 3.0 1.9

(†) (1.38) (0.97) (0.59) (0.42) (0.45) (0.58) (0.16)

‡ 1.3 1.5 2.5 2.1 1.9 2.7 1.7

(†) (1.47) (0.43) (0.35) (0.29) (0.26) (0.32) (0.14)

‡ 2.7 2.5 1.9 1.9 1.3 1.6 1.3

(†) (1.60) (0.62) (0.29) (0.29) (0.17) (0.24) (0.11)

‡ 9.8 7.3 6.2 5.6 6.3 7.0 6.3

(†) (3.74) (1.56) (0.80) (0.56) (0.59) (0.81) (0.29)

‡ 8.7 3.8 2.5 2.5 2.1 2.5 3.0

(†) (3.59) (0.95) (0.51) (0.37) (0.40) (0.50) (0.24)

‡ ‡ 0.6 0.4 1.1 0.9 0.6 0.9

(†) (†) (0.39) (0.18) (0.26) (0.30) (0.18) (0.11)

‡ ‡ 0.9 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.4

(†) (†) (0.29) (0.31) (0.29) (0.17) (0.14) (0.07)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 399 Staff

Number (in thousands) .................. Percentage distribution...................

Selected characteristic

White, non-Hispanic

Number, in thousands Percent

1

2

3

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Asian/Pacific Islander

American Indian/Alaska Native

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Part-time instructional faculty and staff

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Number (in thousands) ................... Percentage distribution....................

530 †

(0.0) (†)

† 100.0

236 44.4

(2.4) (0.5)

216 40.8

(2.9) (0.5)

14 2.6

(0.9) (0.2)

16 3.0

(0.8) (0.1)

10 1.9

(0.6) (0.1)

9 1.6

(0.6) (0.1)

11 2.1

(0.8) (0.2)

9 1.8

(1.0) (0.2)

6 1.0

(0.8) (0.1)

4 0.8

(0.8) (0.1)

Type and control Public research ................................... Private research.................................. Public doctoral .................................... Private doctoral................................... Public comprehensive......................... Private comprehensive ....................... Private liberal arts ............................... Public 2-year ....................................... Other...................................................

40 23 21 15 60 53 28 240 48

(0.8) (0.9) (0.8) (0.1) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.4) (0.1)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

41.7 51.1 44.3 51.7 43.1 49.1 44.2 42.7 46.6

(1.93) (2.51) (2.27) (3.99) (1.34) (1.43) (1.98) (0.80) (2.15)

40.7 34.7 43.6 37.3 44.1 41.9 42.0 40.8 37.5

(2.12) (2.29) (2.39) (3.60) (2.18) (1.56) (2.14) (0.75) (2.18)

1.1 2.7 1.4 1.7 2.3 1.7 2.5 3.0 3.9

(0.37) (1.00) (0.85) (0.77) (0.74) (0.34) (0.85) (0.22) (0.85)

1.6 1.4 1.0 1.1 2.4 1.1 5.6 3.9 3.0

(0.60) (0.57) (0.47) (0.55) (0.79) (0.21) (1.24) (0.19) (0.80)

1.5 1.5 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.1 2.5 1.9

(0.40) (0.62) (0.68) (0.64) (0.31) (0.19) (0.42) (0.19) (0.56)

1.7 0.9 2.2 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.0 1.9 0.9

(0.43) (0.51) (0.61) (0.36) (0.32) (0.26) (0.35) (0.19) (0.25)

4.5 3.6 2.6 3.4 2.0 1.1 1.7 1.6 2.0

(1.03) (1.07) (0.86) (1.06) (0.38) (0.54) (0.61) (0.20) (0.73)

5.4 2.8 1.9 1.4 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.5 2.0

(0.90) (0.77) (0.83) (0.90) (0.43) (0.35) (0.49) (0.24) (0.57)

1.6 ‡ ‡ ‡ 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.0

(0.67) (†) (†) (†) (0.43) (0.30) (0.35) (0.22) (0.45)

‡ ‡ 1.1 0.6 0.7 0.9 ‡ 1.0 1.2

(†) (†) (0.68) (0.35) (0.34) (0.32) (†) (0.24) (0.60)

Academic rank Professor............................................. Associate professor ............................ Assistant professor ............................. Instructor............................................. Lecturer............................................... Other................................................... No rank ...............................................

23 15 20 188 41 231 13

(1.6) (1.2) (1.5) (4.4) (2.1) (4.5) (1.1)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

59.3 43.7 38.8 41.5 41.4 46.5 43.8

(2.83) (4.03) (3.39) (1.09) (2.05) (1.01) (3.52)

25.0 39.5 42.7 43.9 40.1 39.9 39.8

(2.60) (3.88) (3.37) (1.11) (1.96) (1.04) (4.63)

4.0 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.4

(1.17) (0.84) (1.19) (0.30) (0.63) (0.29) (1.26)

2.6 2.0 2.5 3.4 2.1 3.1 0.9

(0.84) (1.02) (1.23) (0.25) (0.77) (0.28) (0.43)

0.6 1.8 1.3 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.8

(0.35) (0.92) (0.68) (0.24) (0.45) (0.23) (1.31)

1.0 1.4 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.5 3.5

(0.41) (0.49) (0.42) (0.22) (0.42) (0.17) (1.34)

3.6 6.3 4.8 1.6 3.7 1.5 2.0

(0.96) (2.27) (1.65) (0.25) (0.80) (0.22) (0.94)

‡ 1.6 6.0 1.6 4.2 1.3 1.8

(†) (0.85) (1.62) (0.28) (0.93) (0.31) (1.15)

2.0 0.6 ‡ 1.1 1.6 0.9 ‡

(1.08) (0.44) (†) (0.26) (0.56) (0.22) (†)

1.2 0.1 ‡ 0.6 0.4 1.0 ‡

(0.85) (0.13) (†) (0.18) (0.25) (0.22) (†)

Age Under 35 ............................................. 35 to 44............................................... 45 to 54............................................... 55 to 64............................................... 65 to 69............................................... 70 or older...........................................

76 117 163 121 31 22

(2.4) (2.8) (3.2) (3.2) (1.9) (1.6)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

35.5 41.0 42.7 48.1 64.3 59.2

(1.72) (1.45) (1.20) (1.09) (2.77) (3.58)

43.2 40.8 43.9 40.8 26.3 29.4

(1.95) (1.42) (1.21) (1.02) (2.75) (3.83)

3.1 2.5 2.9 2.0 2.1 2.8

(0.57) (0.40) (0.34) (0.39) (0.85) (0.92)

4.3 3.3 3.0 2.7 0.9 1.8

(0.47) (0.38) (0.32) (0.34) (0.31) (0.76)

2.9 2.3 1.5 1.3 2.0 2.4

(0.46) (0.31) (0.23) (0.32) (0.65) (0.85)

3.0 2.6 1.3 0.6 1.2 ‡

(0.32) (0.34) (0.18) (0.11) (0.60) (†)

2.8 2.5 2.0 1.4 1.7 1.9

(0.56) (0.36) (0.36) (0.32) (0.64) (0.76)

3.5 2.8 1.2 1.0 ‡ 0.9

(0.82) (0.42) (0.24) (0.24) (†) (0.51)

1.4 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.2 ‡

(0.59) (0.26) (0.24) (0.33) (0.65) (†)

0.4 1.4 0.6 0.9 ‡ ‡

(0.20) (0.32) (0.23) (0.27) (†) (†)

Base salary Under $10,000 .................................... $10,000 to 24,999............................... $25,000 to 39,999............................... $40,000 to 54,999............................... $55,000 to 69,999............................... $70,000 to 84,999............................... $85,000 to 99,999............................... $100,000 or more ...............................

366 115 28 10 5 2 1 4

(3.5) (3.3) (1.7) (0.7) (0.8) (0.3) (0.4) (0.5)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

44.9 42.1 47.3 48.2 45.5 39.0 33.4 47.4

(0.64) (1.52) (3.06) (4.55) (6.46) (11.51) (13.01) (7.01)

40.4 43.1 38.8 34.0 40.4 43.0 51.7 37.1

(0.75) (1.61) (2.72) (4.33) (6.35) (10.25) (13.73) (5.35)

2.7 2.6 3.3 0.7 1.2 ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.22) (0.39) (0.83) (0.40) (0.72) (†) (†) (†)

3.4 2.4 1.6 1.4 3.8 ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.22) (0.29) (0.98) (0.68) (2.18) (†) (†) (†)

1.9 2.1 1.2 3.2 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.16) (0.31) (0.58) (1.19) (†) (†) (†) (†)

1.6 1.8 1.6 0.7 2.2 ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.12) (0.26) (0.55) (0.59) (1.08) (†) (†) (†)

1.7 2.2 3.2 6.2 ‡ ‡ ‡ 10.8

(0.17) (0.43) (1.02) (2.60) (†) (†) (†) (5.15)

1.4 2.4 1.9 3.8 5.1 5.6 ‡ ‡

(0.25) (0.48) (0.61) (1.70) (2.57) (4.00) (†) (†)

1.1 0.9 0.8 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.19) (0.28) (0.51) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

1.0 0.5 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.19) (0.20) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

Total household income Under $10,000 .................................... $10,000 to 24,999............................... $25,000 to 39,999............................... $40,000 to 54,999............................... $55,000 to 69,999............................... $70,000 to 84,999............................... $85,000 to 99,999............................... $100,000 or more ...............................

2 28 48 56 87 58 66 185

(0.5) (1.9) (1.9) (2.5) (2.9) (2.7) (2.4) (3.6)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

43.0 35.5 35.5 38.1 41.1 44.7 48.6 34.9

(12.59) (3.39) (2.27) (2.05) (1.50) (2.15) (1.85) (0.68)

34.5 43.3 46.5 46.2 43.0 41.2 38.4 37.0

(9.93) (3.46) (2.32) (2.35) (1.48) (2.38) (1.81) (0.91)

‡ 2.0 3.4 3.2 1.9 2.3 2.4 2.8

(†) (0.72) (0.58) (0.71) (0.38) (0.44) (0.59) (0.32)

‡ 4.1 3.9 3.4 4.1 2.3 3.1 2.1

(†) (0.82) (0.66) (0.52) (0.38) (0.57) (0.52) (0.26)

4.0 1.7 2.2 3.1 1.7 2.3 1.8 1.5

(3.51) (0.54) (0.44) (0.67) (0.37) (0.41) (0.37) (0.21)

‡ 2.4 1.8 2.5 2.5 1.3 1.2 1.0

(†) (0.56) (0.47) (0.60) (0.35) (0.34) (0.34) (0.17)

‡ 1.6 1.7 1.1 2.1 1.4 1.9 2.8

(†) (0.78) (0.55) (0.40) (0.42) (0.41) (0.49) (0.34)

‡ 3.3 2.9 1.1 1.6 2.0 1.3 1.6

(†) (1.77) (0.92) (0.35) (0.45) (0.58) (0.41) (0.25)

‡ 3.8 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.6 0.8

(†) (1.38) (0.46) (0.54) (0.27) (0.41) (0.29) (0.22)

‡ 2.3 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.1 0.7 0.4

(†) (1.03) (0.43) (0.21) (0.37) (0.37) (0.25) (0.17)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. NOTE: Totals may differ from figures reported in other tables because of varying survey methodologies. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:04). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

400 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 231. Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, and selected characteristics: Fall 2003—Continued

Table 232. Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by field and faculty characteristics: Fall 1992, fall 1998, and fall 2003 Fall 2003

Selected characteristics 1

Number in Number in Number in thousands, thousands, thousands, 1992 1998 2003

All fields

Agriculture and home economics

Business

Education

Engineering

Fine arts

Health

Humanities1

Natural sciences2

Social sciences3

Other4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

2

3

4

Full-time instructional faculty and staff Number (in thousands) ... Percentage distribution....

528 †

560 †

682 †

681.8 100.0

(0.05) (†)

16.9 2.5

(0.80) (0.12)

43.2 6.3

(1.40) (0.21)

50.9 7.5

(1.89) (0.28)

33.4 4.9

Total................................

528

560

682

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

Sex Male .................................... Female ................................

353 176

357 203

420 261

61.7 38.3

(0.35) (0.35)

64.6 35.4

(2.88) (2.88)

68.5 31.5

(1.61) (1.61)

39.3 60.7

(1.57) (1.57)

91.5 8.5

(1.06) (1.06)

61.9 38.1

457 27 14 28

477 28 19 33

548 38 24 62

80.3 5.6 3.5 9.1

(0.27) (0.17) (0.10) (0.16)

87.8 2.3 2.5 6.4

(1.61) (0.76) (0.76) (1.34)

79.5 4.5 2.3 12.2

(1.51) (0.79) (0.51) (1.22)

80.5 7.8 4.7 4.8

(1.26) (1.01) (0.63) (0.70)

70.9 5.4 2.6 20.1

(1.85) (0.99) (0.47) (1.64)

(1.32) (0.19)

43.3 6.3

(1.68) (0.25)

93.9 13.8

(2.67) (0.39)

58.8 8.6

(1.82) (0.27)

127.2 18.7

(2.19) (0.32)

88.7 13.0

(2.07) (0.30)

125.5 18.4

(2.36) (0.35)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

(1.38) (1.38)

46.7 53.3

(1.32) (1.32)

45.3 54.7

(1.47) (1.47)

74.5 25.5

(0.88) (0.88)

64.3 35.7

(1.13) (1.13)

64.0 36.0

(0.94) (0.94)

86.4 6.0 3.3 2.9

(1.24) (0.88) (0.75) (0.74)

79.7 5.0 3.0 10.7

(0.84) (0.50) (0.32) (0.79)

80.7 5.6 6.7 5.2

(1.31) (0.58) (0.53) (0.94)

77.8 4.1 2.9 14.3

(0.75) (0.48) (0.30) (0.69)

81.4 7.3 4.0 5.9

(1.09) (0.72) (0.47) (0.71)

82.0 6.1 2.9 7.1

(0.69) (0.44) (0.33) (0.49)

Percentage distribution of full-time faculty

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............ Black, non-Hispanic ............ Hispanic .............................. Asian/Pacific Islander.......... American Indian/Alaska Native............................

4

10

1.5

(0.11)

1.0

(0.49)

1.6

(0.37)

2.2

(0.40)

1.0

(0.57)

1.4

(0.38)

1.6

(0.33)

1.8

(0.35)

0.8

(0.17)

1.4

(0.22)

1.8

(0.32)

8 35 67 90 98 95 67 45 24

9 32 60 82 97 105 90 55 31

18 55 83 93 109 114 108 70 33

2.6 8.0 12.2 13.6 15.9 16.7 15.8 10.2 4.9

(0.16) (0.26) (0.30) (0.34) (0.36) (0.38) (0.38) (0.27) (0.20)

2.9 5.8 8.6 12.3 19.8 23.3 16.3 7.7 3.2

(0.83) (1.27) (1.25) (1.69) (2.03) (2.11) (1.81) (1.15) (1.09)

1.2 4.6 12.5 11.3 18.9 18.8 19.0 9.1 4.5

(0.38) (0.78) (1.20) (1.41) (1.49) (1.15) (1.38) (1.08) (0.67)

3.3 7.9 7.8 10.3 13.6 19.7 20.4 11.5 5.5

(0.77) (0.98) (0.83) (0.99) (1.05) (1.57) (1.39) (1.21) (0.66)

2.1 8.4 13.2 13.3 17.3 16.2 14.3 9.6 5.7

(0.64) (1.01) (1.54) (1.22) (1.76) (1.78) (2.18) (1.28) (0.93)

3.0 5.8 11.9 14.2 17.4 18.7 15.9 10.2 3.0

(0.54) (0.79) (1.17) (1.88) (1.80) (1.26) (1.32) (1.05) (0.66)

1.6 8.4 14.0 14.6 18.5 19.1 13.7 6.8 3.2

(0.37) (0.72) (0.82) (0.87) (1.12) (0.95) (0.86) (0.55) (0.46)

2.9 8.4 12.5 13.6 15.2 13.8 16.0 11.7 5.8

(0.45) (0.66) (0.82) (1.08) (1.07) (1.02) (0.93) (1.16) (0.74)

2.3 7.9 12.7 15.7 15.6 14.2 13.4 11.7 6.6

(0.28) (0.51) (0.72) (0.87) (0.83) (0.59) (0.81) (0.63) (0.45)

2.2 9.9 12.7 13.8 12.8 15.0 15.4 13.0 5.2

(0.33) (0.58) (0.94) (0.82) (0.82) (1.02) (0.87) (0.87) (0.51)

3.8 8.6 11.8 12.9 15.4 16.8 17.3 8.9 4.4

(0.48) (0.63) (0.81) (0.68) (0.69) (0.88) (0.84) (0.69) (0.41)

Highest degree Less than bachelor’s ........... Bachelor’s ........................... Master’s .............................. First-professional ................ Doctor’s...............................

6 21 156 58 284

7 23 156 52 324

10 29 180 56 407

1.5 4.3 26.4 8.2 59.6

(0.12) (0.24) (0.39) (0.30) (0.48)

1.0 6.4 29.2 0.3 63.0

(0.68) (1.71) (2.18) (0.31) (2.74)

0.2 4.0 31.8 2.1 61.9

(0.12) (0.80) (1.69) (0.45) (1.73)

1.7 4.0 35.5 1.1 57.7

(0.74) (0.64) (1.37) (0.35) (1.53)

2.6 6.5 13.2 0.5 77.1

(0.77) (1.22) (1.64) (0.30) (2.08)

1.4 9.1 53.9 1.1 34.6

(0.46) (1.10) (1.82) (0.41) (1.96)

1.7 5.5 22.9 41.1 28.9

(0.31) (0.69) (1.16) (1.32) (1.06)

0.2 1.1 35.1 0.4 63.2

(0.12) (0.31) (1.42) (0.18) (1.43)

0.1 1.4 14.9 3.0 80.6

(0.09) (0.23) (0.72) (0.35) (0.67)

‡ 1.0 12.5 0.5 86.0

(†) (0.26) (0.72) (0.19) (0.74)

4.4 7.9 34.4 8.7 44.6

(0.54) (0.67) (1.24) (0.76) (1.23)

Academic rank Professor............................. Associate professor ............ Assistant professor ............. Instructor............................. Lecturer............................... Other................................... No rank ...............................

161 124 124 74 12 17 17

172 132 125 75 14 26 16

194 150 158 83 22 57 19

28.5 21.9 23.2 12.1 3.2 8.3 2.7

(0.54) (0.37) (0.41) (0.42) (0.22) (0.32) (0.19)

33.0 21.0 19.2 9.9 3.4 11.8 1.8

(2.71) (2.55) (1.79) (1.60) (1.50) (2.16) (1.37)

29.1 22.6 23.4 13.4 3.6 4.9 3.0

(1.66) (1.32) (1.51) (1.37) (0.68) (0.64) (0.68)

21.9 17.6 23.8 12.6 3.0 18.2 2.9

(1.41) (1.07) (1.56) (1.18) (0.60) (1.57) (1.05)

37.6 25.3 19.6 9.1 2.0 5.4 0.9

(1.69) (1.77) (1.67) (1.39) (0.52) (0.82) (0.38)

28.4 23.7 23.2 9.7 4.3 7.1 3.6

(1.85) (1.64) (1.75) (1.01) (0.64) (1.03) (1.24)

20.1 23.5 32.2 15.3 1.9 5.5 1.5

(0.93) (0.96) (1.12) (0.90) (0.37) (0.50) (0.27)

26.2 20.0 21.7 14.9 7.9 5.7 3.6

(1.46) (1.27) (1.30) (1.17) (0.78) (0.69) (0.67)

35.5 23.4 21.1 7.7 2.1 6.7 3.5

(0.87) (0.93) (0.82) (0.56) (0.25) (0.48) (0.48)

35.4 22.8 24.8 5.7 2.3 6.4 2.6

(1.20) (0.97) (1.22) (0.53) (0.42) (0.67) (0.47)

23.5 19.9 19.2 18.7 3.6 12.4 2.7

(1.09) (1.08) (0.73) (1.02) (0.57) (0.76) (0.36)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 401 Staff

3

Age Under 30 ............................. 30 to 34............................... 35 to 39............................... 40 to 44............................... 45 to 49............................... 50 to 54............................... 55 to 59............................... 60 to 64............................... 65 or older...........................

Fall 2003

Selected characteristics

Number in Number in Number in thousands, thousands, thousands, 1992 1998 2003

1

All fields

Agriculture and home economics

Business

Education

Engineering

Fine arts

Health

Humanities1

Natural sciences2

Social sciences3

Other4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

2

3

4

Part-time instructional faculty and staff Number (in thousands) ... Percentage distribution....

377 †

416 †

530 †

530.0 100.0

(0.02) (†)

7.3 1.4

(0.97) (0.18)

44.9 8.5

(2.98) (0.56)

63.5 12.0

(2.57) (0.48)

14.0 2.7

Total................................

377

416

530

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

Sex Male .................................... Female ................................

209 168

217 199

276 254

52.1 47.9

(0.45) (0.45)

32.0 68.0

(6.05) (6.05)

69.6 30.4

(1.89) (1.89)

29.1 70.9

(1.71) (1.71)

90.8 9.2

(2.68) (2.68)

51.4 48.6

(2.26) (2.26)

333 18 11 12

364 19 16 13

452 30 19 20

85.2 5.6 3.5 3.8

(0.38) (0.20) (0.13) (0.22)

91.4 2.7 0.4 2.7

(3.66) (1.61) (0.38) (1.99)

86.8 6.7 2.2 3.0

(1.54) (0.96) (0.79) (0.80)

85.1 6.6 5.1 1.6

(1.34) (0.98) (0.71) (0.43)

85.4 2.0 2.6 8.4

(2.89) (1.26) (0.64) (2.11)

88.7 3.0 2.7 2.9

(1.49) (0.28)

47.8 9.0

(3.65) (0.69)

57.8 10.9

(3.06) (0.58)

58.9 11.1

(2.05) (0.39)

63.7 12.0

(2.46) (0.46)

53.0 10.0

(2.39) (0.45)

119.2 22.5

(3.48) (0.66)

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

34.5 65.5

(1.60) (1.60)

31.6 68.4

(1.86) (1.86)

58.2 41.8

(2.22) (2.22)

60.5 39.5

(1.90) (1.90)

66.2 33.8

(1.41) (1.41)

(1.22) (0.70) (0.52) (0.70)

85.0 5.2 2.2 6.5

(1.14) (0.68) (0.47) (1.17)

83.0 5.0 6.5 4.2

(1.14) (0.71) (0.81) (0.71)

83.4 6.0 2.2 7.1

(1.35) (0.66) (0.40) (0.89)

84.2 5.8 3.7 2.7

(1.62) (0.75) (0.61) (1.04)

85.5 6.5 3.6 2.5

(0.80) (0.57) (0.39) (0.34)

Percentage distribution of part-time faculty

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............ Black, non-Hispanic ............ Hispanic .............................. Asian/Pacific Islander.......... American Indian/Alaska Native............................

2

4

10

1.8

(0.22)

2.9

(2.62)

1.4

(0.54)

1.5

(0.37)

1.6

(1.03)

2.8

(0.84)

1.0

(0.35)

1.3

(0.38)

1.4

(0.60)

3.6

(0.91)

1.9

(0.36)

Age Under 30 ............................. 30 to 34............................... 35 to 39............................... 40 to 44............................... 45 to 49............................... 50 to 54............................... 55 to 59............................... 60 to 64............................... 65 or older...........................

20 36 59 70 68 45 29 23 27

15 37 47 60 72 70 47 29 38

30 46 57 60 82 80 75 46 53

5.7 8.7 10.8 11.3 15.5 15.2 14.1 8.8 10.0

(0.32) (0.33) (0.44) (0.46) (0.51) (0.52) (0.44) (0.43) (0.45)

8.0 10.3 2.5 9.6 14.6 19.7 23.1 7.6 4.7

(2.66) (3.24) (1.58) (3.92) (5.03) (5.36) (5.83) (3.82) (2.09)

3.0 7.6 9.8 10.5 15.7 14.5 18.8 8.7 11.4

(0.87) (1.25) (1.48) (1.45) (1.83) (1.48) (2.12) (1.08) (1.64)

3.5 7.9 9.0 7.7 12.9 16.3 17.6 11.5 13.6

(0.66) (0.97) (1.20) (0.96) (1.22) (1.46) (1.52) (1.30) (1.24)

2.8 2.0 13.8 15.7 13.5 19.1 11.8 6.0 15.4

(1.78) (1.04) (3.89) (3.25) (3.13) (4.00) (2.71) (2.00) (3.16)

6.2 10.2 11.2 12.7 18.2 16.9 12.0 6.7 5.9

(1.05) (1.32) (1.47) (1.39) (1.78) (1.60) (1.62) (0.93) (1.21)

5.3 9.4 11.5 13.0 21.9 14.4 10.2 5.7 8.5

(0.85) (1.13) (1.31) (1.64) (1.67) (1.67) (1.23) (1.05) (1.16)

7.4 9.8 8.4 10.3 14.6 13.8 14.9 10.6 10.2

(1.02) (0.97) (1.12) (1.00) (1.76) (1.25) (1.33) (1.23) (1.51)

8.6 8.0 10.9 9.2 10.4 12.3 15.1 12.8 12.7

(1.14) (1.21) (1.20) (1.10) (1.33) (1.30) (1.46) (1.67) (1.82)

5.5 10.2 10.8 10.9 12.6 13.5 15.1 11.1 10.4

(0.82) (1.20) (1.35) (1.05) (1.10) (1.43) (1.48) (1.45) (1.33)

5.6 8.5 13.1 13.4 17.6 16.7 11.3 5.9 7.8

(0.71) (0.76) (1.18) (0.97) (1.17) (1.14) (0.88) (0.71) (0.80)

Highest degree Less than bachelor’s ........... Bachelor’s ........................... Master’s .............................. First-professional ................ Doctor’s...............................

17 63 190 40 59

20 59 225 36 76

41 84 273 39 94

7.8 15.8 51.5 7.3 17.6

(0.59) (0.55) (0.80) (0.39) (0.60)

5.5 26.7 50.3 2.0 15.5

(2.53) (5.80) (6.09) (1.63) (4.57)

1.8 13.9 66.5 6.3 11.5

(0.79) (1.84) (2.34) (1.10) (1.48)

3.7 12.0 63.0 1.9 19.4

(0.96) (1.25) (1.84) (0.45) (1.61)

17.1 17.9 32.3 1.5 31.2

(4.44) (3.50) (4.61) (0.98) (4.13)

9.1 28.2 54.7 0.9 7.1

(1.42) (2.09) (2.95) (0.39) (1.39)

17.3 16.2 30.2 25.2 11.1

(1.86) (1.61) (1.86) (2.12) (1.28)

1.1 12.9 70.2 2.3 13.4

(0.57) (1.65) (2.33) (0.55) (1.80)

0.9 16.1 49.0 4.3 29.7

(0.47) (1.46) (1.94) (0.85) (1.72)

0.5 3.2 55.5 3.1 37.7

(0.25) (0.82) (1.83) (0.62) (1.90)

16.2 19.4 41.6 11.2 11.7

(1.31) (1.11) (1.56) (1.00) (0.94)

Academic rank Professor............................. Associate professor ............ Assistant professor ............. Instructor............................. Lecturer............................... Other................................... No rank ...............................

32 23 24 215 45 28 9

30 19 23 205 46 75 16

23 15 20 188 41 231 13

4.4 2.8 3.7 35.4 7.7 43.6 2.4

(0.30) (0.22) (0.29) (0.83) (0.41) (0.85) (0.20)

8.9 1.9 2.8 39.9 14.8 30.8 1.1

(4.03) (1.37) (1.76) (5.70) (4.39) (5.98) (0.87)

4.6 2.3 1.5 29.2 7.6 51.8 3.0

(1.06) (0.74) (0.55) (2.00) (1.52) (2.46) (0.75)

3.4 1.9 2.0 37.0 6.8 46.6 2.1

(0.55) (0.47) (0.50) (2.11) (0.97) (1.78) (0.59)

5.9 5.7 3.3 25.3 9.3 49.4 1.2

(2.27) (2.24) (1.97) (4.10) (2.49) (5.02) (1.26)

3.9 3.7 3.6 33.6 9.7 42.4 3.2

(1.05) (0.92) (0.86) (2.12) (1.16) (3.00) (1.10)

5.4 5.4 15.1 36.5 4.7 30.5 2.4

(0.84) (0.89) (1.64) (2.40) (0.93) (1.88) (0.68)

3.5 1.6 1.7 42.9 11.2 37.4 1.7

(0.75) (0.35) (0.64) (2.29) (1.10) (2.23) (0.49)

4.8 3.3 2.8 32.4 7.8 45.8 3.1

(0.82) (0.63) (0.66) (2.05) (1.02) (2.02) (0.79)

4.7 2.9 3.7 30.4 9.5 46.0 2.8

(1.01) (0.60) (0.89) (1.85) (1.20) (2.22) (0.71)

4.1 1.6 1.7 38.2 5.8 46.6 2.1

(0.63) (0.30) (0.34) (1.54) (0.67) (1.47) (0.40)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Excludes history and philosophy. 2Excludes computer sciences. 3Includes history.

4Includes

philosophy, law, occupationally specific programs, computer sciences, and other. NOTE: Totals may differ from figures reported in other tables because of varying survey methodologies. Detail may not sum to totals because of survey item nonresponse and rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1993, 1999, and 2004 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:93;99;04). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

402 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 232. Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by field and faculty characteristics: Fall 1992, fall 1998, and fall 2003—Continued

Table 233. Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, and program area: Fall 1998 and fall 2003 Percentage distribution, fall 2003

Program area

Number in Number in thousands, 1998 thousands, 2003

1

2

White, non-Hispanic

Black, non-Hispanic

Hispanic

Asian/Pacific Islander

American Indian/Alaska Native

Total

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

560

(4.8)

682

(0.05)

100.0

49.6

(0.39)

30.7

(0.36)

2.9

(0.15)

2.7

(0.13)

2.0

(0.09)

1.5

(0.08)

6.3

(0.15)

2.8

(0.15)

0.8

(0.08)

0.6

(0.07)

Agriculture and home economics ........................... Business .................................... Communications........................ Education................................... Teacher education.................. Other education .....................

10 39 10 40 14 26

(0.4) (1.1) (1.0) (1.4) (0.6) (1.3)

17 43 16 51 18 33

(0.80) (1.40) (1.43) (1.89) (0.96) (1.50)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

58.9 53.2 48.1 32.5 31.1 33.3

(3.03) (1.49) (3.39) (1.49) (2.31) (2.09)

28.9 26.2 38.7 48.0 54.4 44.4

(2.72) (1.71) (3.30) (1.64) (2.54) (2.46)

0.5 2.5 2.0 3.0 2.1 3.4

(0.42) (0.73) (0.73) (0.60) (0.86) (0.84)

1.8 2.0 3.3 4.9 5.2 4.7

(0.73) (0.44) (0.94) (0.64) (1.10) (0.75)

1.2 1.8 1.9 1.5 0.4 2.2

(0.46) (0.48) (0.58) (0.34) (0.24) (0.51)

1.3 0.5 1.5 3.2 3.1 3.2

(0.52) (0.16) (0.59) (0.52) (0.89) (0.57)

3.6 9.7 1.9 1.3 0.3 1.9

(1.13) (1.06) (0.87) (0.43) (0.22) (0.64)

2.8 2.5 0.6 3.5 2.1 4.2

(0.86) (0.46) (0.39) (0.59) (0.87) (0.81)

0.4 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.5 1.1

(0.30) (0.35) (0.77) (0.25) (0.25) (0.40)

0.6 0.4 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.5

(0.35) (0.17) (0.64) (0.34) (0.44) (0.45)

Engineering ............................... Fine arts .................................... Health sciences ......................... First-professional ................... Nursing .................................. Other health sciences ............

25 33 84 40 20 24

(0.9) (1.4) (2.0) (1.6) (0.6) (1.0)

33 43 94 45 20 29

(1.32) (1.68) (2.67) (1.72) (1.23) (1.39)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

65.6 52.8 36.2 53.9 3.5 31.0

(1.93) (1.68) (1.23) (1.58) (0.86) (1.98)

5.3 33.6 43.5 20.1 84.6 52.0

(0.90) (1.36) (1.15) (1.42) (2.21) (2.05)

4.9 4.4 1.6 2.2 0.2 1.5

(0.84) (0.83) (0.26) (0.49) (0.22) (0.50)

0.5 1.6 3.4 2.5 5.3 3.6

(0.26) (0.34) (0.44) (0.58) (1.29) (0.84)

2.2 2.0 1.6 2.2 0.1 1.6

(0.42) (0.59) (0.25) (0.40) (0.09) (0.44)

0.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 0.7 1.9

(0.17) (0.44) (0.19) (0.30) (0.27) (0.48)

17.9 1.5 6.6 10.6 0.1 4.8

(1.61) (0.42) (0.60) (1.08) (0.07) (1.02)

2.2 1.4 4.1 5.3 3.4 2.6

(0.63) (0.59) (0.57) (0.89) (1.10) (0.71)

0.8 1.2 0.7 1.1 0.3 0.3

(0.53) (0.36) (0.22) (0.37) (0.31) (0.24)

0.2 0.3 1.0 0.8 1.8 0.7

(0.16) (0.18) (0.28) (0.39) (0.85) (0.31)

Humanities................................. English and literature ............. Foreign languages ................. History.................................... Philosophy .............................

81 40 15 14 12

(1.8) (1.2) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8)

90 39 20 18 13

(2.43) (1.48) (0.96) (0.96) (1.03)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

47.3 38.8 36.2 59.4 72.3

(1.40) (1.90) (1.86) (2.90) (3.55)

35.0 46.0 36.7 23.0 16.6

(1.33) (2.10) (2.07) (2.12) (2.33)

2.4 2.1 2.7 2.7 2.3

(0.43) (0.45) (0.89) (0.80) (1.11)

2.6 4.5 0.9 2.4 0.1

(0.39) (0.70) (0.46) (0.94) (0.12)

2.2 1.3 5.1 1.9 1.0

(0.24) (0.27) (0.75) (0.71) (0.35)

2.9 1.9 8.3 1.2 0.1

(0.31) (0.50) (1.07) (0.52) (0.22)

2.9 0.8 4.0 5.0 4.0

(0.48) (0.34) (1.11) (1.49) (1.49)

2.9 2.7 4.5 3.2 0.6

(0.54) (0.87) (1.01) (0.91) (0.45)

0.9 0.5 0.7 1.0 2.0

(0.23) (0.18) (0.43) (0.45) (1.20)

0.9 1.4 0.8 ‡ 1.0

(0.25) (0.39) (0.44) (†) (1.03)

Law ............................................

8

(0.6)

10

(1.02)

100.0

54.5

(3.56)

29.9

(3.63)

3.3

(1.10)

4.0

(2.03)

0.9

(0.68)

2.4

(1.15)

2.8

(1.36)

2.0

(1.12)

‡

(†)

0.2

(0.25)

Natural sciences ........................ Biological sciences ................ Physical sciences................... Mathematics .......................... Computer sciences ................

111 40 27 26 17

(2.1) (1.3) (0.8) (1.0) (0.9)

151 59 36 32 24

(2.52) (1.67) (1.25) (1.25) (1.20)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

57.3 55.4 68.9 52.2 51.0

(1.12) (1.69) (2.03) (2.15) (2.74)

20.3 21.6 12.8 22.7 25.1

(0.80) (1.30) (1.50) (1.84) (2.15)

2.5 2.2 2.6 3.8 1.5

(0.31) (0.48) (0.59) (0.67) (0.59)

1.5 1.2 0.7 2.6 2.0

(0.22) (0.28) (0.31) (0.67) (0.58)

2.0 1.9 1.4 2.8 2.3

(0.20) (0.39) (0.29) (0.67) (0.52)

0.9 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.9

(0.15) (0.31) (0.19) (0.28) (0.31)

11.2 11.1 9.4 11.7 13.5

(0.65) (1.13) (1.05) (1.41) (1.69)

3.3 4.8 3.0 1.8 2.0

(0.35) (0.67) (0.64) (0.67) (0.66)

0.6 0.3 0.4 1.2 1.1

(0.16) (0.17) (0.33) (0.56) (0.48)

0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.6

(0.09) (0.12) (0.10) (0.18) (0.36)

Social sciences.......................... Economics ............................. Political science ..................... Psychology............................. Sociology ............................... Other social sciences.............

58 9 8 20 9 13

(1.3) (0.6) (0.5) (0.7) (0.4) (0.6)

70 12 10 25 9 14

(1.83) (0.72) (0.75) (1.11) (0.62) (0.90)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

52.2 62.3 67.1 46.3 49.9 45.2

(1.46) (3.46) (3.74) (2.33) (3.72) (3.59)

29.0 18.0 16.8 37.8 30.1 30.5

(1.23) (3.09) (2.59) (2.16) (3.42) (3.09)

3.7 3.5 2.8 3.4 3.9 4.8

(0.45) (0.92) (1.19) (1.01) (1.69) (1.33)

4.1 0.1 3.2 5.0 8.0 3.9

(0.81) (0.09) (1.62) (1.99) (2.43) (1.28)

2.6 3.1 5.1 1.6 3.0 1.9

(0.36) (1.13) (1.57) (0.42) (0.97) (0.80)

1.7 0.0 0.2 2.7 1.4 2.4

(0.35) 0.00 (0.21) (0.70) (0.92) (0.71)

3.4 8.9 2.9 1.1 1.1 4.7

(0.58) (2.18) (1.31) (0.49) (0.89) (1.50)

1.9 3.2 0.3 1.2 1.3 3.7

(0.48) (2.24) (0.27) (0.39) (0.75) (1.22)

0.9 0.6 0.3 0.6 1.0 1.9

(0.25) (0.39) (0.27) (0.34) (0.52) (0.75)

0.6 0.3 1.1 0.2 0.3 1.1

(0.15) (0.33) (0.26) (0.19) (0.26) (0.54)

Occupationally specific programs ............................. All other programs .....................

16 44

(0.8) (1.2)

27 36

(1.08) (1.39)

100.0 100.0

60.7 41.6

(2.47) (1.84)

24.2 37.1

(2.16) (1.65)

4.2 3.8

(1.16) (0.84)

1.9 5.3

(0.55) (0.87)

2.5 1.5

(0.63) (0.36)

0.8 1.4

(0.26) (0.44)

2.0 5.3

(0.92) (1.03)

1.4 2.6

(0.46) (0.69)

1.9 0.7

(0.62) (0.29)

0.5 0.6

(0.36) (0.23)

Part-time instructional faculty and staff..............................

416

(5.9)

530

(0.02)

100.0

44.4

(0.46)

40.8

(0.54)

2.6

(0.17)

3.0

(0.14)

1.9

(0.12)

1.6

(0.10)

2.1

(0.15)

1.8

(0.18)

1.0

(0.15)

0.8

(0.15)

Agriculture and home economics ........................... Business .................................... Communications........................

3 32 10

(0.2) (1.8) (1.0)

7 45 14

(0.97) (2.98) (1.24)

100.0 100.0 100.0

30.8 60.6 47.7

(6.24) (1.96) (3.71)

60.6 26.2 39.3

(6.30) (1.73) (3.89)

0.5 4.3 2.1

(0.48) (0.70) (0.97)

2.1 2.3 2.8

(1.46) (0.54) (0.95)

‡ 1.7 0.5

(†) (0.77) (0.36)

0.4 0.5 1.5

(0.38) (0.28) (0.99)

0.7 2.0 0.5

(0.78) (0.69) (0.48)

1.9 1.0 0.8

(1.69) (0.50) (0.52)

‡ 1.0 3.5

(†) (0.52) (1.82)

2.9 0.4 1.1

(2.62) (0.23) (0.86)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 403 Staff

Full-time instructional faculty and staff..............................

Percentage distribution, fall 2003

Program area

Number in Number in thousands, 1998 thousands, 2003

White, non-Hispanic Total

Male

Black, non-Hispanic Female

Male

Hispanic Female

Asian/Pacific Islander

Male

Female

Male

American Indian/Alaska Native

Female

Male

Female

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1 Education................................... Teacher education.................. Other education .....................

34 13 20

2 (1.6) (1.0) (1.2)

64 29 34

3 (2.57) (1.78) (1.76)

4 100.0 100.0 100.0

25.3 22.2 27.9

5 (1.65) (2.41) (2.53)

59.8 63.9 56.4

6 (2.11) (2.84) (2.98)

1.4 0.9 1.9

7 (0.41) (0.35) (0.66)

5.2 6.4 4.1

8 (0.90) (1.17) (1.17)

1.7 1.3 2.0

9 (0.37) (0.41) (0.57)

3.4 2.2 4.5

10 (0.49) (0.52) (0.77)

0.4 0.3 0.5

11 (0.19) (0.19) (0.24)

1.3 0.9 1.6

12 (0.38) (0.52) (0.60)

0.3 0.4 0.3

13 (0.15) (0.29) (0.21)

1.2 1.6 0.8

14 (0.36) (0.69) (0.37)

Engineering ............................... Fine arts .................................... Health sciences ......................... First-professional ................... Nursing .................................. Other health sciences ............

9 38 49 15 12 21

(0.8) (1.5) (2.2) (1.3) (0.8) (1.7)

14 48 58 17 13 28

(1.49) (3.65) (3.06) (1.24) (1.34) (1.98)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

78.6 44.8 27.9 47.2 0.7 29.4

(3.70) (2.06) (1.65) (3.33) (0.59) (2.86)

6.8 43.9 57.1 34.7 86.3 56.4

(2.77) (2.44) (1.74) (3.64) (2.04) (3.07)

1.4 1.7 1.2 2.0 0.4 1.2

(1.22) (0.54) (0.41) (1.03) (0.45) (0.66)

0.5 1.3 4.0 2.1 8.0 3.2

(0.43) (0.34) (0.52) (0.92) (1.30) (0.76)

1.7 1.8 0.8 1.2 0.4 0.8

(0.46) (0.49) (0.26) (0.72) (0.26) (0.32)

0.9 0.9 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.7

(0.46) (0.25) (0.38) (0.45) (0.56) (0.70)

8.0 1.0 4.0 6.4 0.5 4.3

(2.13) (0.36) (0.87) (2.10) (0.51) (1.23)

0.5 1.9 2.4 5.1 1.3 1.4

(0.46) (0.58) (0.72) (2.41) (1.03) (0.56)

1.1 2.1 0.5 0.4 ‡ 0.8

(0.92) (0.84) (0.32) (0.39) (†) (0.68)

0.6 0.7 0.5 ‡ 0.9 0.7

(0.59) (0.30) (0.23) (†) (0.47) (0.40)

Humanities................................. English and literature ............. Foreign languages ................. History.................................... Philosophy .............................

74 43 12 11 9

(2.1) (1.4) (1.2) (0.7) (0.6)

80 44 15 11 10

(2.50) (1.87) (1.21) (0.97) (1.18)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

35.9 29.5 16.6 61.1 65.7

(1.52) (2.31) (3.57) (4.58) (4.20)

49.2 58.5 52.0 28.9 26.0

(1.61) (2.47) (3.38) (4.15) (4.60)

1.6 1.2 1.4 1.5 3.5

(0.35) (0.33) (0.83) (0.89) (1.71)

2.9 4.3 2.0 0.5 0.5

(0.45) (0.78) (0.80) (0.38) (0.28)

2.3 1.0 7.2 2.5 0.6

(0.35) (0.35) (1.50) (1.05) (0.46)

2.9 1.3 11.4 0.2 #

(0.44) (0.37) (1.97) (0.23) (†)

0.9 1.0 0.9 ‡ 1.8

(0.30) (0.41) (0.67) (†) (1.18)

2.7 1.6 7.9 1.0 1.5

(0.55) (0.46) (2.18) (0.63) (1.10)

1.0 0.8 ‡ 3.7 0.4

(0.33) (0.34) (†) (1.99) (0.29)

0.6 0.8 0.6 0.5 ‡

(0.22) (0.29) (0.84) (0.44) (†)

Law ............................................

11

(0.8)

11

(1.15)

100.0

52.6

(4.43)

32.8

(4.18)

4.4

(1.41)

2.0

(0.82)

2.2

(1.05)

0.4

(0.32)

3.5

(1.89)

‡

(†)

1.0

(0.86)

1.0

(0.89)

Natural sciences ........................ Biological sciences ................ Physical sciences................... Mathematics .......................... Computer sciences ................

65 11 11 24 19

(2.2) (0.9) (0.8) (1.4) (1.2)

90 16 16 32 26

(2.85) (1.04) (1.13) (2.28) (1.71)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

50.5 41.7 57.8 46.6 56.4

(1.72) (3.76) (3.30) (3.20) (2.98)

32.4 40.1 28.7 36.0 25.3

(1.73) (3.78) (3.42) (3.04) (2.64)

3.8 2.2 3.9 4.4 4.1

(0.44) (0.67) (1.37) (0.78) (1.03)

2.7 2.1 0.9 3.1 3.7

(0.36) (0.90) (0.52) (0.83) (0.60)

1.9 1.0 1.9 1.4 3.0

(0.41) (0.39) (1.05) (0.48) (0.93)

0.7 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.7

(0.16) (0.40) (0.41) (0.24) (0.39)

4.2 5.6 3.1 3.9 4.2

(0.61) (2.32) (1.06) (0.85) (1.10)

2.3 5.3 2.6 1.8 0.9

(0.46) (1.63) (0.99) (0.64) (0.45)

1.0 0.5 ‡ 1.3 1.4

(0.34) (0.44) (†) (0.85) (0.63)

0.5 0.5 0.2 0.9 0.3

(0.26) (0.48) (0.23) (0.59) (0.31)

Social sciences.......................... Economics ............................. Political science ..................... Psychology............................. Sociology ............................... Other social sciences.............

41 4 4 18 6 10

(2.4) (0.5) (0.4) (2.1) (0.5) (0.9)

42 5 5 18 7 8

(2.00) (0.77) (0.78) (1.21) (0.88) (0.80)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

49.8 68.6 71.1 42.2 44.6 46.2

(1.85) (7.36) (5.32) (3.36) (6.09) (4.24)

32.9 9.3 11.9 44.4 30.7 36.4

(2.09) (4.08) (3.93) (3.12) (6.03) (4.19)

3.7 7.2 5.7 2.0 4.0 3.8

(0.68) (3.52) (2.79) (0.76) (1.61) (2.28)

3.0 0.8 1.7 3.0 4.1 4.5

(0.66) (0.64) (1.32) (0.91) (1.54) (1.85)

2.5 7.0 3.9 1.4 1.7 1.8

(0.65) (4.24) (2.30) (0.64) (0.98) (1.04)

1.5 0.3 1.0 1.7 1.6 1.9

(0.31) (0.38) (0.67) (0.58) (0.76) (0.83)

0.9 0.3 3.4 0.6 ‡ 1.2

(0.48) (0.29) (2.98) (0.39) (†) (1.21)

2.3 3.9 1.3 0.6 6.0 2.8

(1.23) (3.33) (1.06) (0.52) (6.26) (1.29)

1.5 2.7 0.1 1.9 1.7 0.3

(0.65) (3.02) (0.12) (1.11) (1.52) (0.33)

2.0 ‡ ‡ 2.2 5.7 1.1

(0.62) (†) (†) (0.93) (3.43) (1.00)

Occupationally specific programs ............................. All other programs .....................

17 35

(1.1) (1.6)

37 21

(2.40) (1.26)

100.0 100.0

68.2 41.5

(2.51) (3.08)

18.6 42.4

(2.19) (2.96)

4.5 2.3

(1.03) (0.75)

1.8 5.2

(0.63) (1.37)

4.0 1.8

(0.92) (0.55)

0.6 3.1

(0.23) (0.98)

0.6 1.1

(0.32) (0.73)

0.3 1.1

(0.19) (0.59)

1.1 0.7

(0.50) (0.53)

0.4 0.7

(0.25) (0.62)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met.

NOTE: Totals may differ from figures reported in other tables because of varying survey methodologies. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and nonresponse to program area question. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1999 and 2004 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:99;04). (This table was prepared August 2005.)

404 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 233. Full-time and part-time instructional faculty and staff in degree-granting institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, and program area: Fall 1998 and fall 2003—Continued

Table 234. Average base salary of full-time faculty and instructional staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and field of instruction: Selected years, 1987–88 through 2003–04 [In 2004–05 dollars] Institutions Program area 1

Research

Doctoral

Comprehensive

All

Public

Private

Public

Private

Public

Private

Public

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Private Private liberal arts 10

Public 2-year

Other

12

13

11

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

$65,071

(—)

$65,670

(—)

$63,733

(—)

$78,166

(—)

$85,632

(—)

$72,666

(—)

$76,952

(—)

$60,984

(—)

$53,212

(—)

$47,696

(—)

$53,593

(—)

$50,703

(—)

65,167 60,851 54,468 70,225 50,894 87,235 57,053 64,304 62,183 60,136

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

65,517 61,580 57,184 69,147 53,189 86,679 59,303 65,095 62,549 59,501

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ 59,284 45,096 74,101 46,224 88,349 53,620 62,534 61,506 61,645

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

73,209 78,302 61,682 82,532 54,199 98,793 62,307 77,937 71,071 70,808

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ 103,757 65,887 83,026 82,100 ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (—) (—) (—) (—) (†)

58,508 66,121 58,258 71,463 51,318 95,580 52,894 67,136 64,476 61,098

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ 90,486 62,290 63,095 ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (—) (—) (—) (†) (†)

63,125 58,389 56,174 67,674 52,947 76,830 59,987 62,788 60,434 56,291

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ 60,953 45,055 69,240 44,612 64,132 49,883 52,134 51,933 48,060

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ ‡ 39,543 ‡ 46,380 ‡ 51,279 50,786 48,053 ‡

(†) (†) (—) (†) (—) (†) (—) (—) (—) (†)

‡ 54,750 55,323 49,487 54,089 49,787 58,454 53,385 55,213 50,788

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ 47,466 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ 46,782 50,435 ‡ 59,624

(†) (—) (†) (†) (†) (†) (—) (—) (†) (—)

1992–93 salaries ......

62,989

(—)

62,900

(—)

63,204

(—)

75,914

(—)

86,033

(—)

69,263

(—)

75,333

(—)

58,488

(—)

58,177

(—)

50,601

(—)

52,925

(—)

54,415

(—)

Agriculture and home economics ............... Business ........................ Education....................... Engineering ................... Fine arts ........................ Health ............................ Humanities..................... Natural sciences ............ Social sciences.............. Other..............................

64,301 66,203 56,551 74,739 54,571 74,812 55,106 64,816 61,815 59,977

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

65,215 67,188 58,182 75,214 52,837 72,759 55,952 63,886 62,007 58,414

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ 63,642 50,595 72,884 57,196 80,322 53,306 67,158 61,421 63,254

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

73,617 87,704 67,009 89,819 55,597 98,811 59,203 74,554 71,470 68,602

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ ‡ ‡ 82,156 115,964 98,291 60,113 90,341 79,752 88,344

(†) (†) (†) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

59,825 79,095 56,761 72,059 52,964 85,862 53,342 69,523 65,512 58,879

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ 73,125 66,245 74,027 50,939 88,930 57,737 76,213 66,583 83,192

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

58,341 64,207 55,757 65,504 52,648 51,527 54,787 61,763 58,757 61,003

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ 72,341 51,057 61,674 48,166 61,435 55,202 62,765 53,580 56,115

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ 43,472 43,603 ‡ 50,791 56,976 50,661 50,482 54,460 49,005

(†) (—) (—) (†) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

53,513 56,511 55,445 51,980 50,468 48,136 55,390 53,329 54,219 50,663

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

‡ 45,174 ‡ 75,367 45,863 56,355 49,155 56,681 59,702 52,722

(†) (—) (†) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

1998–99 salaries ......

66,232

(459.3)

65,310

(504.8)

68,880 (1,012.2)

77,356

(951.2)

81,830 (2,312.2)

58,417

(671.1)

57,521 (1,306.7)

50,794

(828.1)

52,001

(493.4)

55,019

(1,862.7)

Agriculture and home economics ............... Business ........................ Education....................... Engineering ................... Fine arts ........................ Health ............................ Humanities..................... Natural sciences ............ Social sciences.............. Other..............................

68,076 65,051 55,674 73,862 53,188 87,652 55,568 66,790 68,401 60,755

(2,756.4) (1,172.1) (1,053.4) (1,517.0) (1,352.6) (1,765.7) (753.1) (837.7) (2,071.0) (1,022.4)

70,713 63,608 56,226 72,539 52,552 83,595 55,762 66,322 69,260 58,741

(2,056.5) (1,336.7) (1,211.8) (1,659.6) (1,339.6) (1,806.2) (892.7) (905.6) (2,626.8) (1,069.0)

‡ 68,453 53,816 78,833 54,826 98,882 55,093 68,209 66,155 67,099

78,446 80,666 62,225 81,395 57,484 99,628 62,828 76,833 80,472 69,780

(2,741.2) (3,909.7) (2,059.8) (2,796.0) (3,287.9) (3,233.9) (2,312.6) (1,608.7) (3,637.2) (2,372.9)

‡ 68,295 57,389 61,308 52,162 61,954 54,263 59,589 62,234 53,420

(†) (1,826.1) (2,091.3) (5,815.9) (1,712.1) (3,183.0) (1,240.6) (1,546.7) (1,305.2) (2,066.2)

‡ 69,021 50,884 67,464 58,050 55,194 54,130 55,646 54,096 61,533

‡ 49,312 47,598 ‡ 50,644 51,945 50,327 49,670 55,125 50,262

(†) (3,409.6) (2,366.6) (†) (1,954.0) (4,280.7) (1,843.8) (1,551.0) (2,751.8) (2,187.8)

51,525 53,755 50,472 52,544 53,540 50,814 52,478 51,408 54,977 50,867

(2,431.8) (1,442.5) (1,516.1) (1,969.7) (2,693.6) (1,330.9) (1,399.2) (1,022.8) (1,849.3) (1,188.3)

‡ 49,442 48,271 ‡ 42,630 62,191 50,331 64,734 57,355 54,351

(†) (5,732.5) (4,327.1) (†) (3,730.8) (3,943.5) (2,200.7) (6,064.8) (4,533.8) (4,501.0)

See notes at end of table.

(†) (2,321.9) (2,128.8) (3,481.3) (3,264.9) (4,316.5) (1,400.8) (1,947.2) (2,854.2) (2,431.6)

95,034 (2,920.9) ‡ 94,305 ‡ 88,627 ‡ 116,579 66,444 92,949 91,499 93,952

(†) (9,222.1) (†) (5,804.4) (†) (8,822.0) (4,952.2) (4,638.1) (7,778.5) (7,604.0)

76,268 (2,156.8) ‡ 64,352 54,038 74,963 48,822 100,006 54,798 75,076 81,071 65,762

(†) (5,631.9) (3,322.7) (2,791.8) (1,486.7) (5,123.8) (2,968.8) (2,160.6) (15,915.0) (2,800.5)

‡ 80,797 ‡ ‡ ‡ 108,349 57,476 71,908 68,645 75,871

(†) (6,647.4) (†) (†) (†) (5,776.6) (3,040.9) (3,560.8) (3,591.3) (4,176.9)

(†) (2,167.9) (2,234.3) (6,806.4) (8,066.3) (4,741.9) (2,070.4) (2,316.7) (2,090.3) (3,505.3)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 405 Staff

1987–88 salaries ...... Agriculture and home economics ............... Business ........................ Education....................... Engineering ................... Fine arts ........................ Health ............................ Humanities..................... Natural sciences ............ Social sciences.............. Other..............................

[In 2004–05 dollars] Institutions Program area 1

Research

Comprehensive

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

All

Public

Private

Public

Private

Public

Private

Public

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

92,546 (1,385.6)

64,875

(808.4)

75,741 (1,959.8)

59,788

(844.1)

59,659 (1,592.7)

56,550 (1,072.2)

61,346

(732.1)

67,839

(3,167.4)

66,287 78,847 58,447 75,423 54,563 79,412 51,872 67,369 62,157 61,595

(5,494.2) (3,977.4) (2,453.4) (3,286.9) (1,650.5) (6,102.2) (2,147.7) (1,740.0) (1,965.8) (1,317.0)

‡ 90,200 57,085 ‡ ‡ 95,080 69,894 83,954 65,392 68,218

58,787 73,249 58,100 65,412 52,049 56,542 56,569 59,375 62,150 57,403

(3,193.0) (1,628.1) (2,310.6) (3,039.2) (1,744.0) (1,436.8) (1,870.0) (1,269.1) (1,392.6) (1,417.8)

‡ 70,385 55,573 78,336 50,572 63,217 54,622 63,536 56,897 58,535

‡ 62,402 55,924 ‡ 50,729 51,636 57,083 57,426 60,823 53,397

55,293 57,315 56,177 54,963 54,552 81,211 52,626 61,868 56,119 56,312

(3,352.9) (1,608.0) (1,965.0) (1,550.1) (2,223.1) (3,207.4) (1,489.4) (1,554.2) (1,494.8) (1,185.9)

‡ 64,300 51,118 ‡ 57,126 96,770 50,794 79,547 61,070 58,443

(†) (5,985.6) (2,810.2) (†) (3,008.4) (8,164.9) (2,909.9) (7,366.7) (2,694.5) (2,624.9)

2003–04 salaries ......

69,430

(389.5)

72,908

(917.1)

67,915

(365.3)

81,143

(663.3)

Agriculture and home economics ............... Business ........................ Education....................... Engineering ................... Fine arts ........................ Health ............................ Humanities..................... Natural sciences ............ Social sciences.............. Other..............................

66,477 76,216 58,801 78,967 55,093 92,472 56,313 72,816 66,532 61,734

(1,605.4) (1,276.7) (888.5) (1,494.0) (748.3) (1,629.6) (764.8) (889.7) (628.1) (682.1)

67,627 73,928 59,524 75,097 55,713 89,889 54,871 69,761 65,053 60,656

(1,721.2) (1,322.8) (1,130.6) (1,337.3) (770.3) (1,562.2) (883.8) (839.7) (639.5) (772.8)

54,179 81,859 56,855 91,895 54,213 98,081 59,298 80,116 69,525 64,215

(5,084.1) (2,786.7) (1,753.1) (3,780.7) (1,347.6) (3,850.6) (1,422.1) (1,969.3) (1,384.0) (1,315.7)

72,480 93,577 67,325 86,388 60,353 111,022 58,070 81,770 74,488 70,527

(2,054.8) (3,813.3) (2,198.8) (2,485.5) (1,530.5) (2,045.8) (1,761.9) (1,275.7) (1,506.2) (1,920.0)

—Not available †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met.

Doctoral

‡ 114,195 75,330 101,285 60,238 109,109 65,425 93,777 90,471 85,518

(†) (7,861.1) (9,141.9) (4,393.8) (3,744.8) (3,472.1) (3,527.2) (3,567.7) (2,890.5) (2,669.6)

(†) (5,998.3) (5,625.3) (†) (†) (14,367.6) (3,823.4) (3,565.3) (1,916.2) (2,852.2)

Private Private liberal arts

(†) (2,405.2) (2,177.6) (14,714.6) (2,817.1) (4,858.0) (2,031.4) (5,431.1) (3,324.6) (1,737.6)

(†) (2,779.4) (2,747.3) (†) (1,573.1) (4,510.1) (2,009.3) (1,914.7) (2,255.1) (1,372.9)

Public 2-year

Other

12

13

NOTE: Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to an academic-year basis. Totals may differ from figures reported in other tables because of varying survey methodologies. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1988, 1993, 1999, and 2004 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF:88;93;99;04). (This table was prepared February 2006.)

406 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 234. Average base salary of full-time faculty and instructional staff in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and field of instruction: Selected years, 1987–88 through 2003–04—Continued

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 407 Staff

Table 235. Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by academic rank, control and type of institution, and sex: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2004–05 Academic rank Sex and academic year 1

All faculty

Professor

Associate professor

2

3

4

Public institutions

Private institutions

Assistant professor

Instructor

Lecturer

No rank

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Current dollars Total 1970–71........................... 1972–73........................... 1974–75........................... 1975–76........................... 1978–79........................... 1979–80...........................

$12,710 13,856 15,622 16,659 19,820 21,348

$17,958 19,191 21,277 22,649 26,470 28,388

$13,563 14,580 16,146 17,065 20,047 21,451

$11,176 12,032 13,295 13,986 16,374 17,465

$9,360 10,737 12,691 13,672 13,193 14,023

$11,196 11,637 12,575 12,906 15,281 16,122

$12,333 12,676 13,532 15,196 18,725 20,262

$12,953 14,016 15,879 16,942 20,179 21,798

$13,121 14,417 16,271 17,400 20,722 22,349

$12,644 12,919 14,897 15,820 18,844 20,429

$11,619 13,452 14,912 15,921 18,807 20,105

$11,824 13,622 15,092 16,116 19,010 20,318

$8,664 9,288 10,242 10,901 12,496 13,250

1980–81........................... 1981–82........................... 1982–83........................... 1984–85........................... 1985–86...........................

23,302 25,449 27,196 30,447 32,392

30,753 33,437 35,540 39,743 42,268

23,214 25,278 26,921 29,945 31,787

18,901 20,608 22,056 24,668 26,277

15,178 16,450 17,601 20,230 20,918

17,301 18,756 20,072 22,334 23,770

22,334 24,331 25,557 27,683 29,088

23,745 25,886 27,488 30,646 32,750

24,373 26,591 28,293 31,764 34,033

22,177 24,193 25,567 27,864 29,590

22,093 24,255 26,393 29,910 31,402

22,325 24,509 26,691 30,247 31,732

15,065 15,926 16,595 18,510 19,436

1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93...........................

35,897 40,133 42,165 43,851 44,714

47,040 52,810 55,540 57,433 58,788

35,231 39,392 41,414 42,929 43,945

29,110 32,689 34,434 35,745 36,625

22,728 25,030 26,332 30,916 28,499

25,977 28,990 30,097 30,456 30,543

31,532 34,559 36,395 37,783 37,771

36,231 40,416 42,317 43,641 44,197

37,840 42,365 44,510 45,638 46,515

32,209 35,516 37,055 38,959 38,935

35,049 39,464 41,788 44,376 45,985

35,346 39,817 42,224 44,793 46,427

21,867 24,601 24,088 25,673 26,105

1993–94........................... 1994–95........................... 1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98...........................

46,364 47,811 49,309 50,829 52,335

60,649 62,709 64,540 66,659 68,731

45,278 46,713 47,966 49,307 50,828

37,630 38,756 39,696 40,687 41,830

28,828 29,665 30,344 31,193 32,449

32,729 33,198 34,136 34,962 35,484

40,584 41,227 42,996 44,200 45,268

45,920 47,432 48,837 50,303 51,638

48,019 49,738 51,172 52,718 54,114

41,040 42,101 43,295 44,584 45,919

47,465 48,741 50,466 52,112 54,039

47,880 49,379 50,819 52,443 54,379

28,435 25,613 31,915 32,628 33,592

1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

54,097 55,888 59,742 61,330 62,615 64,234

71,322 74,410 80,792 83,466 85,352 88,158

52,576 54,524 58,724 60,471 61,744 63,558

43,348 44,978 48,796 50,552 51,808 53,308

33,819 34,918 46,959 48,304 49,076 49,730

36,819 38,194 41,798 42,622 43,689 44,514

46,250 47,389 46,569 46,338 47,746 48,942

53,319 55,011 58,524 60,014 60,912 62,346

55,948 57,950 62,013 63,486 64,398 66,053

47,285 48,240 50,837 52,330 53,080 53,932

55,981 58,013 62,818 64,533 66,693 68,755

56,284 58,323 63,088 64,814 66,953 68,995

34,821 35,925 33,139 34,826 36,429 37,329

Males 1972–73........................... 1974–75........................... 1975–76........................... 1978–79........................... 1979–80...........................

14,422 16,303 17,414 20,777 22,394

19,414 21,532 22,902 26,727 28,672

14,723 16,282 17,209 20,221 21,651

12,193 13,458 14,174 16,602 17,720

11,147 13,350 14,430 13,441 14,323

12,106 13,232 13,579 15,927 16,932

13,047 14,008 15,761 19,400 20,901

14,545 16,522 17,661 21,080 22,789

14,944 16,918 18,121 21,628 23,350

13,268 15,350 16,339 19,475 21,131

14,116 15,709 16,784 19,935 21,317

14,253 15,852 16,946 20,086 21,472

9,571 10,633 11,378 13,048 13,938

1980–81........................... 1981–82........................... 1982–83........................... 1984–85........................... 1985–86...........................

24,499 26,796 28,664 32,182 34,294

31,082 33,799 35,956 40,269 42,833

23,451 25,553 27,262 30,392 32,273

19,227 21,025 22,586 25,330 27,094

15,545 16,906 18,160 21,159 21,693

18,281 19,721 21,225 23,557 25,238

23,170 25,276 26,541 28,670 30,267

24,873 27,149 28,851 32,240 34,528

25,509 27,864 29,661 33,344 35,786

22,965 25,085 26,524 28,891 30,758

23,493 25,849 28,159 32,028 33,656

23,669 26,037 28,380 32,278 33,900

16,075 16,834 17,346 19,460 20,412

1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93...........................

38,112 42,763 45,065 46,848 47,866

47,735 53,650 56,549 58,494 59,972

35,823 40,131 42,239 43,814 44,855

30,086 33,781 35,636 36,969 37,842

23,645 25,933 27,388 33,359 29,583

27,652 31,162 32,398 32,843 32,512

32,747 35,980 38,036 39,422 39,365

38,314 42,959 45,084 46,483 47,175

39,898 44,834 47,168 48,401 49,392

33,477 37,081 38,787 40,811 40,725

37,603 42,312 45,019 47,733 49,518

37,817 42,595 45,319 48,042 49,837

22,641 25,218 25,937 26,825 27,402

1993–94........................... 1994–95........................... 1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98...........................

49,579 51,228 52,814 54,465 56,115

61,857 64,046 65,949 68,214 70,468

46,229 47,705 49,037 50,457 52,041

38,794 39,923 40,858 41,864 43,017

29,815 30,528 30,940 31,738 33,070

34,796 35,082 36,135 36,932 37,481

42,251 43,103 44,624 45,688 46,822

48,956 50,629 52,163 53,737 55,191

50,989 52,874 54,448 56,162 57,744

42,938 44,020 45,209 46,393 47,690

51,076 52,653 54,364 56,185 58,293

51,397 53,036 54,649 56,453 58,576

30,783 29,639 33,301 34,736 36,157

1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

58,048 60,084 64,320 66,126 67,509 69,337

73,260 76,478 83,356 86,191 88,254 91,290

53,830 55,939 60,300 62,226 63,465 65,394

44,650 46,414 50,518 52,441 53,660 55,215

34,741 35,854 48,844 50,272 50,997 51,380

38,976 40,202 44,519 45,469 46,273 46,929

47,610 48,788 48,049 47,412 48,977 50,102

57,038 58,984 62,835 64,564 65,508 67,130

59,805 62,030 66,577 68,322 69,290 71,145

48,961 50,033 52,360 53,962 54,630 55,398

60,392 62,631 67,871 69,726 72,026 74,318

60,641 62,905 68,100 69,976 72,248 74,540

38,040 38,636 33,395 34,291 35,734 34,970

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

408 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 235. Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by academic rank, control and type of institution, and sex: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2004–05—Continued Academic rank

Public institutions

Private institutions

All faculty

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

Instructor

Lecturer

No rank

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Females 1972–73........................... 1974–75........................... 1975–76........................... 1978–79........................... 1979–80...........................

11,925 13,471 14,308 17,080 18,396

17,123 19,012 20,308 24,143 25,910

13,827 15,481 16,364 19,300 20,642

11,510 12,858 13,522 15,914 16,974

10,098 11,740 12,572 12,966 13,750

10,775 11,543 11,901 14,465 15,142

11,913 12,619 14,094 17,482 19,069

12,250 13,892 14,762 17,646 19,042

12,300 13,831 14,758 17,627 18,985

12,165 13,987 14,769 17,676 19,134

11,044 12,233 13,030 15,388 16,539

11,219 12,423 13,231 15,611 16,787

8,888 9,735 10,201 11,898 12,541

1980–81........................... 1981–82........................... 1982–83........................... 1984–85........................... 1985–86...........................

19,996 21,802 23,261 25,941 27,576

27,959 30,438 32,221 35,824 38,252

22,295 24,271 25,738 28,517 30,300

18,302 19,866 21,130 23,575 24,966

14,854 16,054 17,102 19,362 20,237

16,168 17,676 18,830 21,004 22,273

20,843 22,672 23,855 26,050 27,171

20,673 22,524 23,892 26,566 28,299

20,608 22,454 23,876 26,813 28,680

20,778 22,632 23,917 26,172 27,693

18,073 19,743 21,451 24,186 25,523

18,326 20,024 21,785 24,560 25,889

13,892 14,984 15,845 17,575 18,504

1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93...........................

30,499 34,183 35,881 37,534 38,385

42,371 47,663 49,728 51,621 52,755

33,528 37,469 39,329 40,766 41,861

27,600 31,090 32,724 34,063 35,032

21,962 24,320 25,534 28,873 27,700

24,370 26,995 28,111 28,550 28,922

29,605 32,528 34,179 35,622 35,792

31,215 34,796 36,459 37,800 38,356

31,820 35,704 37,573 38,634 39,470

30,228 33,307 34,720 36,517 36,710

28,621 32,650 34,359 36,828 38,460

28,946 33,010 34,898 37,309 38,987

21,215 24,002 22,585 24,683 25,068

1993–94........................... 1994–95........................... 1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98...........................

40,058 41,369 42,871 44,325 45,775

54,746 56,555 58,318 60,160 61,965

43,178 44,626 45,803 47,101 48,597

36,169 37,352 38,345 39,350 40,504

28,136 29,072 29,940 30,819 32,011

31,048 31,677 32,584 33,415 33,918

38,474 38,967 41,085 42,474 43,491

40,118 41,548 42,871 44,306 45,648

41,031 42,663 43,986 45,402 46,709

38,707 39,812 41,086 42,531 43,943

39,902 40,908 42,871 44,374 46,106

40,378 41,815 43,236 44,726 46,466

26,142 22,851 30,671 30,661 30,995

1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

47,421 48,997 52,662 54,105 55,425 56,926

64,236 67,079 72,542 75,028 76,749 79,160

50,347 52,091 56,186 57,716 59,093 60,809

41,894 43,367 46,824 48,380 49,696 51,154

33,152 34,228 45,262 46,573 47,414 48,351

35,115 36,607 39,538 40,265 41,562 42,455

44,723 45,865 45,003 45,251 46,555 47,860

47,247 48,714 52,123 53,435 54,445 55,780

48,355 50,168 53,895 55,121 56,183 57,714

45,457 46,340 49,290 50,717 51,592 52,566

47,874 49,737 54,149 55,881 57,989 59,919

48,204 50,052 54,434 56,158 58,255 60,143

31,524 32,951 32,921 35,296 36,980 39,291

Sex and academic year 1

Constant 2004–05 dollars1 Total 1970–71........................... 1972–73........................... 1974–75........................... 1975–76........................... 1978–79........................... 1979–80...........................

61,330 62,047 57,820 57,581 55,466 52,713

86,654 85,934 78,750 78,287 74,075 70,097

65,450 65,289 59,760 58,986 56,101 52,967

53,930 53,877 49,206 48,343 45,823 43,125

45,165 48,078 46,970 47,259 36,919 34,625

54,026 52,108 46,544 44,609 42,762 39,807

59,514 56,762 50,085 52,525 52,400 50,030

62,506 62,762 58,771 58,560 56,469 53,825

63,317 64,557 60,224 60,144 57,989 55,184

61,013 57,849 55,138 54,681 52,733 50,444

56,065 60,238 55,190 55,030 52,630 49,643

57,058 60,998 55,858 55,707 53,197 50,168

41,808 41,593 37,907 37,678 34,969 32,717

1980–81........................... 1981–82........................... 1982–83........................... 1984–85........................... 1985–86...........................

51,565 51,838 53,115 55,182 57,062

68,053 68,109 69,411 72,030 74,459

51,370 51,490 52,578 54,272 55,996

41,826 41,977 43,077 44,708 46,290

33,587 33,508 34,376 36,665 36,849

38,285 38,205 39,202 40,478 41,873

49,423 49,561 49,914 50,173 51,241

52,545 52,728 53,685 55,543 57,692

53,935 54,164 55,258 57,569 59,953

49,075 49,280 49,934 50,501 52,126

48,889 49,406 51,547 54,209 55,318

49,403 49,924 52,129 54,820 55,899

33,337 32,440 32,411 33,548 34,238

1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93...........................

59,401 60,588 60,357 60,821 60,139

77,841 79,726 79,501 79,658 79,068

58,299 59,470 59,280 59,541 59,104

48,170 49,350 49,290 49,578 49,259

37,609 37,787 37,692 42,880 38,331

42,985 43,766 43,082 42,241 41,079

52,179 52,172 52,097 52,405 50,801

59,954 61,015 60,574 60,529 59,444

62,617 63,957 63,713 63,299 62,561

53,299 53,618 53,041 54,036 52,366

57,998 59,578 59,816 61,548 61,848

58,490 60,112 60,441 62,127 62,443

36,185 37,140 34,480 35,608 35,111

1993–94........................... 1994–95........................... 1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98...........................

60,784 60,935 61,179 61,316 62,026

79,512 79,921 80,077 80,412 81,459

59,359 59,535 59,513 59,480 60,240

49,333 49,394 49,252 49,081 49,576

37,794 37,807 37,649 37,629 38,457

42,907 42,310 42,353 42,175 42,055

53,206 52,543 53,346 53,319 53,650

60,202 60,451 60,594 60,681 61,200

62,954 63,390 63,491 63,594 64,135

53,803 53,657 53,717 53,782 54,422

62,227 62,119 62,614 62,863 64,046

62,771 62,932 63,053 63,263 64,449

37,278 32,643 39,598 39,360 39,812

1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

63,023 63,283 64,268 64,557 64,499 64,234

83,091 84,256 86,913 87,859 87,920 88,158

61,251 61,738 63,173 63,653 63,602 63,558

50,501 50,930 52,493 53,213 53,367 53,308

39,399 39,538 50,517 50,846 50,553 49,730

42,894 43,248 44,965 44,865 45,004 44,514

53,882 53,659 50,097 48,777 49,183 48,942

62,117 62,290 62,958 63,173 62,745 62,346

65,179 65,617 66,711 66,827 66,336 66,053

55,087 54,623 54,688 55,084 54,677 53,932

65,219 65,689 67,577 67,930 68,700 68,755

65,571 66,040 67,868 68,225 68,968 68,995

40,566 40,678 35,649 36,658 37,525 37,329

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 409 Staff

Table 235. Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by academic rank, control and type of institution, and sex: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2004–05—Continued Academic rank

Public institutions

Private institutions

All faculty

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

Instructor

Lecturer

No rank

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Males 1972–73........................... 1974–75........................... 1975–76........................... 1978–79........................... 1979–80...........................

64,581 60,339 60,191 58,142 55,295

86,936 79,693 79,161 74,795 70,797

65,930 60,262 59,482 56,586 53,461

54,600 49,812 48,994 46,459 43,754

49,916 49,410 49,877 37,613 35,367

54,208 48,973 46,936 44,571 41,808

58,424 51,845 54,478 54,288 51,609

65,133 61,151 61,047 58,992 56,271

66,918 62,617 62,634 60,525 57,657

59,414 56,813 56,478 54,500 52,176

63,210 58,143 58,015 55,786 52,637

63,824 58,669 58,573 56,209 53,018

42,858 39,355 39,327 36,513 34,417

1980–81........................... 1981–82........................... 1982–83........................... 1984–85........................... 1985–86...........................

54,214 54,582 55,982 58,327 60,412

68,781 68,846 70,224 72,983 75,455

51,895 52,050 53,244 55,082 56,852

42,547 42,827 44,112 45,908 47,729

34,399 34,436 35,467 38,349 38,214

40,454 40,170 41,454 42,695 44,459

51,273 51,486 51,836 51,961 53,318

55,041 55,300 56,347 58,432 60,825

56,449 56,757 57,929 60,433 63,041

50,819 51,097 51,803 52,362 54,183

51,988 52,653 54,996 58,048 59,288

52,377 53,035 55,428 58,501 59,718

35,572 34,290 33,878 35,269 35,958

1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93...........................

63,066 64,559 64,508 64,977 64,378

78,990 80,994 80,946 81,130 80,661

59,279 60,585 60,461 60,769 60,329

49,786 50,998 51,010 51,275 50,896

39,127 39,150 39,204 46,268 39,788

45,758 47,044 46,375 45,553 43,728

54,189 54,318 54,445 54,677 52,945

63,401 64,854 64,535 64,471 63,449

66,022 67,685 67,517 67,131 66,431

55,397 55,981 55,521 56,605 54,773

62,224 63,878 64,442 66,204 66,601

62,578 64,304 64,871 66,633 67,030

37,466 38,072 37,126 37,205 36,854

1993–94........................... 1994–95........................... 1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98...........................

64,998 65,289 65,528 65,701 66,506

81,095 81,626 81,825 82,287 83,517

60,607 60,799 60,842 60,866 61,678

50,859 50,881 50,693 50,501 50,982

39,088 38,907 38,388 38,286 39,194

45,617 44,711 44,834 44,551 44,422

55,391 54,934 55,367 55,114 55,492

64,181 64,526 64,720 64,823 65,411

66,847 67,386 67,555 67,749 68,437

56,292 56,103 56,092 55,964 56,521

66,962 67,105 67,451 67,777 69,088

67,382 67,594 67,805 68,099 69,423

40,357 37,775 41,317 41,902 42,852

1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

67,626 68,034 69,193 69,606 69,540 69,337

85,349 86,597 89,671 90,727 90,910 91,290

62,712 63,340 64,868 65,500 65,375 65,394

52,017 52,555 54,345 55,201 55,275 55,215

40,474 40,598 52,544 52,918 52,531 51,380

45,407 45,521 47,892 47,861 47,666 46,929

55,466 55,243 51,690 49,907 50,451 50,102

66,450 66,788 67,595 67,962 67,479 67,130

69,673 70,238 71,621 71,918 71,375 71,145

57,040 56,654 56,327 56,802 56,274 55,398

70,357 70,918 73,013 73,395 74,194 74,318

70,647 71,228 73,259 73,659 74,422 74,540

44,317 43,748 35,925 36,095 36,809 34,970

Females 1972–73........................... 1974–75........................... 1975–76........................... 1978–79........................... 1979–80...........................

53,398 49,858 49,454 47,797 45,424

76,674 70,366 70,195 67,562 63,978

61,915 57,300 56,562 54,011 50,969

51,540 47,589 46,739 44,533 41,912

45,219 43,453 43,455 36,284 33,953

48,248 42,722 41,134 40,478 37,390

53,348 46,704 48,716 48,923 47,087

54,856 51,415 51,027 49,381 47,018

55,080 51,191 51,013 49,329 46,877

54,472 51,769 51,049 49,464 47,247

49,455 45,277 45,040 43,063 40,838

50,237 45,980 45,732 43,687 41,451

39,798 36,031 35,258 33,295 30,965

1980–81........................... 1981–82........................... 1982–83........................... 1984–85........................... 1985–86...........................

44,249 44,409 45,430 47,015 48,578

61,870 62,000 62,929 64,927 67,385

49,336 49,438 50,268 51,684 53,376

40,500 40,466 41,268 42,727 43,980

32,870 32,701 33,401 35,092 35,649

35,778 36,005 36,776 38,068 39,236

46,123 46,181 46,590 47,213 47,864

45,747 45,879 46,662 48,148 49,852

45,603 45,737 46,631 48,596 50,523

45,980 46,100 46,711 47,434 48,784

39,994 40,215 41,895 43,835 44,961

40,554 40,787 42,547 44,513 45,606

30,742 30,521 30,946 31,853 32,597

1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93...........................

50,469 51,605 51,360 52,059 51,626

70,114 71,955 71,182 71,597 70,955

55,481 56,566 56,297 56,541 56,301

45,672 46,936 46,842 47,245 47,118

36,342 36,715 36,550 40,046 37,256

40,327 40,754 40,239 39,598 38,900

48,990 49,107 48,924 49,408 48,139

51,654 52,531 52,189 52,428 51,587

52,655 53,902 53,783 53,585 53,086

50,020 50,283 49,699 50,649 49,374

47,361 49,290 49,182 51,079 51,727

47,899 49,835 49,954 51,747 52,436

35,106 36,236 32,329 34,235 33,715

1993–94........................... 1994–95........................... 1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98...........................

52,517 52,724 53,191 53,469 54,251

71,773 72,078 72,356 72,571 73,439

56,606 56,875 56,829 56,818 57,596

47,418 47,604 47,576 47,468 48,004

36,887 37,052 37,147 37,177 37,939

40,704 40,371 40,428 40,309 40,199

50,440 49,662 50,975 51,237 51,544

52,595 52,952 53,191 53,446 54,101

53,791 54,373 54,574 54,769 55,358

50,745 50,739 50,977 51,305 52,080

52,312 52,136 53,191 53,528 54,644

52,935 53,292 53,644 53,954 55,071

34,272 29,123 38,055 36,987 36,735

1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

55,245 55,480 56,651 56,952 57,093 56,926

74,835 75,955 78,037 78,977 79,058 79,160

58,655 58,983 60,443 60,754 60,872 60,809

48,806 49,106 50,372 50,926 51,192 51,154

38,623 38,757 48,691 49,024 48,841 48,351

40,909 41,451 42,533 42,384 42,813 42,455

52,102 51,933 48,412 47,633 47,956 47,860

55,043 55,160 56,072 56,247 56,084 55,780

56,333 56,806 57,979 58,022 57,873 57,714

52,957 52,472 53,024 53,386 53,144 52,566

55,774 56,318 58,252 58,822 59,734 59,919

56,158 56,675 58,558 59,114 60,008 60,143

36,725 37,311 35,415 37,154 38,093 39,291

Sex and academic year 1

1

Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to an academic-year basis. NOTE: Data for 1970–71 to 1995–96 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher

degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Data for 1987–88 and later years include imputations for nonrespondent institutions. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Faculty Salaries, Tenure, and Fringe Benefits” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1987–88 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Salaries, Tenure, and Fringe Benefits of Full-Time Instructional Faculty Survey” (IPEDS-SA:87–99), and Winter 2001 through Winter 2004. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

410 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 236. Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by academic rank, sex, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2004–05 [In current dollars] Academic rank

Sex

All faculty

Professor

Associate professor

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1980–81 All institutions................................................. 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

$23,302 23,693 25,949 22,230 21,898

$30,753 31,016 33,622 28,798 26,528

$23,214 23,265 24,392 22,558 22,750

$18,901 18,867 19,684 18,398 19,166

$15,178 15,056 15,530 14,887 15,621

$17,301 17,375 17,327 17,425 16,222

$22,334 17,380 17,856 17,334 22,615

$24,499 24,909 27,206 23,271 22,736

$19,996 19,809 20,736 19,372 20,434

Public institutions........................................... 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

23,745 24,373 25,571 23,500 22,177

31,077 31,442 32,945 30,097 26,880

23,772 23,898 24,268 23,639 22,947

19,431 19,442 19,637 19,315 19,370

15,613 15,486 15,305 15,567 15,928

17,620 17,712 17,426 17,997 16,458

22,820 19,240 17,358 19,798 22,875

24,873 25,509 26,788 24,499 22,965

20,673 20,608 20,564 20,633 20,778

Private institutions ......................................... 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

22,093 22,325 26,897 19,996 15,065

29,994 30,089 35,227 26,173 18,645

21,833 21,887 24,730 20,502 17,685

17,767 17,816 19,792 16,939 14,663

14,192 14,316 16,197 13,905 12,155

15,899 15,971 16,956 14,741 12,441

15,946 16,706 18,933 16,617 14,993

23,493 23,669 28,251 21,040 16,075

18,073 18,326 21,176 17,342 13,892

1990–91 All institutions................................................. 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

42,165 43,693 49,430 40,313 36,642

55,540 56,485 63,437 51,467 44,916

41,414 41,811 44,877 39,994 37,650

34,434 34,657 37,838 33,020 32,253

26,332 25,772 27,105 25,370 27,933

30,097 30,209 31,748 29,009 28,048

36,395 31,494 31,533 31,488 36,752

45,065 46,519 52,426 42,660 38,465

35,881 36,574 39,788 35,135 34,224

Public institutions........................................... 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

42,317 44,510 47,499 42,499 37,055

55,371 56,668 60,536 53,704 45,411

42,101 42,742 43,851 41,969 38,051

35,137 35,520 36,889 34,680 32,673

26,907 26,134 25,647 26,316 28,389

29,881 29,956 30,429 29,664 28,780

36,990 32,349 30,412 33,507 37,096

45,084 47,168 50,405 44,804 38,787

36,459 37,573 38,363 37,147 34,720

Private institutions ......................................... 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

41,788 42,224 53,875 36,888 24,088

55,911 56,127 69,732 47,405 29,520

39,983 40,122 47,405 36,965 26,353

33,116 33,235 40,013 30,688 24,587

24,928 25,159 31,239 23,973 20,911

30,864 31,053 34,444 25,416 —

28,523 31,122 36,211 30,915 23,187

45,019 45,319 56,989 39,162 25,937

34,359 34,898 43,273 32,251 22,585

1999–2000 All institutions................................................. 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

55,888 58,087 67,507 52,716 48,012

74,410 76,419 88,079 67,985 57,677

54,524 55,198 59,996 52,404 47,844

44,978 45,312 50,678 42,902 41,730

34,918 33,950 35,465 33,479 37,433

38,194 38,124 40,306 36,295 39,928

47,389 40,452 44,591 39,851 48,012

60,084 62,348 72,363 55,908 49,819

48,997 50,124 56,060 47,454 46,096

Public institutions........................................... 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

55,011 57,950 63,595 54,255 48,240

72,475 75,204 82,344 69,641 57,806

54,641 55,681 57,984 54,062 48,056

45,285 45,822 48,671 44,293 41,984

35,007 33,528 33,230 33,641 37,634

37,403 37,261 38,576 36,351 40,061

47,990 40,579 41,147 40,430 48,233

58,984 62,030 68,135 57,618 50,033

48,714 50,168 53,216 48,527 46,340

Private institutions ......................................... 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

58,013 58,323 76,132 50,415 35,925

78,490 78,582 99,634 65,277 39,454

54,295 54,384 64,782 50,087 36,349

44,410 44,494 55,232 40,971 31,499

34,641 34,809 43,456 33,197 27,178

40,652 40,674 43,822 36,056 25,965

39,630 40,381 49,454 39,572 37,532

62,631 62,905 81,418 53,271 38,636

49,737 50,052 62,787 45,926 32,951

2003–04 All institutions................................................. 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

62,615 65,355 76,595 58,963 52,890

85,352 87,930 102,722 77,106 62,775

61,744 62,677 68,937 59,102 52,485

51,808 52,418 59,097 49,358 46,107

49,076 38,291 38,569 38,201 55,129

43,689 43,815 45,476 42,486 41,059

47,746 47,340 51,944 46,340 47,836

67,509 70,391 82,774 62,458 54,436

55,425 56,965 63,870 53,778 51,410

Public institutions........................................... 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

60,912 64,398 71,511 59,788 53,080

82,329 85,843 94,813 78,584 62,943

61,196 62,545 65,883 60,230 52,736

51,701 52,626 56,386 50,581 46,297

50,604 37,611 36,861 37,906 55,359

42,539 42,627 43,041 42,373 41,120

47,563 43,899 45,222 43,640 47,937

65,508 69,290 77,161 63,629 54,630

54,445 56,183 60,207 54,004 51,592

Private institutions ......................................... 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

66,693 66,953 87,340 57,749 36,429

91,272 91,400 118,142 74,909 43,982

62,778 62,894 76,044 57,570 39,158

52,005 52,087 65,069 47,674 36,349

39,214 39,529 43,622 38,667 33,174

47,578 47,600 50,048 43,121 33,028

49,291 50,221 56,790 48,674 36,442

72,026 72,248 94,290 60,708 35,734

57,989 58,255 72,103 53,452 36,980

Academic year, control and type of institution 1

Assistant professor

Instructor

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

No Lecturer academic rank

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 411 Staff

Table 236. Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by academic rank, sex, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2004–05—Continued [In current dollars] Academic rank

Sex

All faculty

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

Instructor

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

2004–05 All institutions................................................. 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

64,234 67,153 79,124 60,367 53,762

88,158 90,789 106,608 79,181 64,386

63,558 64,585 71,482 60,706 53,333

53,308 54,018 61,192 50,715 46,914

49,730 39,436 40,199 39,198 55,621

44,514 44,395 46,292 42,902 47,086

48,942 48,194 51,214 47,401 49,123

69,337 72,407 85,502 63,997 55,201

56,926 58,631 66,252 55,137 52,423

Public institutions........................................... 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

62,346 66,053 73,913 60,986 53,932

84,921 88,511 98,398 80,463 64,571

62,950 64,457 68,315 61,817 53,513

53,209 54,296 58,522 51,983 47,095

51,131 38,767 38,363 38,914 55,819

43,362 43,132 44,063 42,557 47,257

48,803 45,006 46,540 44,633 49,222

67,130 71,145 79,769 64,936 55,398

55,780 57,714 62,389 55,215 52,566

Private institutions ......................................... 4-year......................................................... University ............................................... Other 4-year ........................................... 2-year.........................................................

68,755 68,995 90,108 59,451 37,329

94,392 94,527 122,461 77,305 44,704

64,702 64,794 78,841 59,205 41,706

53,493 53,574 67,156 48,953 35,187

40,420 40,714 45,388 39,681 34,058

48,453 48,493 50,665 44,780 40,319

50,021 50,814 54,656 49,742 37,098

74,318 74,540 97,280 62,588 34,970

59,919 60,143 74,838 55,025 39,291

Academic year, control and type of institution 1

—Not available. NOTE: Data for 1980–81 and 1990–91 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

No Lecturer academic rank

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Faculty Salaries, Tenure, and Fringe Benefits,” 1980–81; and 1990–91 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Salaries, Tenure, and Fringe Benefits of Full-Time Instructional Faculty Survey” (IPEDS-SA:90–99), Winter 2003–04, and Winter 2004–05. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

412 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 237. Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2004–05 Public institutions

State or jurisdiction 1

All institutions

Private institutions

4-year institutions Total

Total

4-year institutions

University Other 4-year

2-year

Total

Total

University Other 4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States ...................................

$64,234

$62,346

$66,053

$73,913

$60,986

$53,932

$68,755

$68,995

$90,108

$59,451

$37,329

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

54,269 57,492 67,271 48,668 76,119

55,321 58,130 68,058 48,872 74,856

59,999 58,114 72,085 52,907 78,488

69,203 59,828 76,925 65,221 100,865

54,054 56,915 59,209 49,523 74,161

44,135 60,494 61,231 38,833 70,751

48,803 46,346 51,948 47,553 81,182

49,112 46,346 51,948 47,697 81,416

† † † † 100,014

49,112 46,346 51,948 47,697 71,606

30,422 † † 24,245 47,356

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

60,256 77,311 75,312 78,303 59,786

59,600 71,940 76,093 69,396 59,548

63,379 75,871 79,664 69,396 64,409

73,524 85,960 82,578 † 74,797

55,337 66,452 59,327 69,396 60,516

43,045 60,045 57,895 † 48,790

64,411 82,631 68,249 78,596 60,577

64,411 82,631 69,153 78,596 60,577

71,357 108,512 † 80,820 75,447

57,736 70,419 69,153 62,094 56,144

† † 41,476 † †

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

59,453 63,045 49,954 66,464 62,033

58,481 63,468 50,347 62,899 61,525

61,155 68,550 51,858 65,220 64,863

73,734 71,066 57,719 71,268 69,798

58,514 55,937 49,815 60,168 55,407

42,801 54,216 42,705 58,665 43,218

62,165 61,287 45,673 72,193 63,169

62,363 61,287 45,673 72,386 63,312

102,165 † † 94,865 94,675

52,035 61,287 45,673 57,368 53,797

48,126 † † 30,056 37,939

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

58,186 54,735 53,382 53,652 58,899

62,279 56,814 54,782 52,929 55,175

71,291 62,255 58,692 54,830 57,673

74,329 66,622 68,972 67,108 61,920

60,982 53,065 52,968 51,366 55,451

43,675 44,077 44,974 40,666 46,391

51,519 40,651 47,632 56,799 64,945

51,531 41,214 47,632 56,799 65,073

63,740 † † 61,126 †

50,147 41,214 47,632 49,451 65,073

49,052 32,035 † † 52,153

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

65,231 79,186 68,342 62,114 48,500

63,829 66,330 70,449 64,001 48,900

67,555 71,826 70,959 69,382 53,922

82,996 82,956 83,701 87,064 58,803

60,853 67,364 61,048 60,051 50,236

57,320 52,896 68,296 55,657 42,591

69,748 85,068 56,535 57,741 44,974

69,748 85,256 56,610 57,826 44,974

89,761 98,788 61,606 † †

58,680 70,971 56,073 57,826 44,974

† 41,559 33,965 39,508 †

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

57,825 49,359 56,427 67,796 65,435

55,934 50,574 59,026 67,845 64,317

58,185 52,524 63,498 68,860 70,443

67,905 54,917 74,463 75,649 76,147

55,938 46,962 55,577 66,190 61,139

48,554 38,046 42,720 60,057 42,993

61,567 41,474 50,029 61,618 66,867

61,974 42,610 50,153 61,618 67,124

81,846 † 60,269 † †

47,697 42,610 45,880 61,618 67,124

39,323 31,395 34,143 † 30,571

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

76,266 54,906 71,944 56,214 46,340

74,678 54,852 66,120 53,601 47,912

79,394 59,914 69,007 65,391 50,889

87,591 64,649 79,358 79,568 55,681

76,505 48,965 67,494 59,815 42,073

63,218 42,555 60,413 39,359 37,779

80,142 55,916 77,328 64,420 38,557

80,180 55,916 77,625 64,640 41,378

102,517 † 91,586 90,770

64,780 55,916 67,038 49,368 41,378

45,000 † 38,592 35,329 30,971

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

62,549 52,848 56,289 69,148 72,047

64,088 52,881 55,358 67,944 62,343

68,111 55,993 57,425 70,236 65,374

70,160 63,501 61,269 80,708 69,548

61,197 48,751 53,114 63,883 57,461

51,439 41,759 52,699 54,977 52,581

59,155 52,712 59,473 70,508 78,467

59,304 52,712 59,473 70,902 78,467

88,371 69,544 † 96,829 †

55,993 45,672 59,473 62,448 78,467

37,254 † † 38,348 †

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

54,342 48,941 56,613 60,105 61,184

55,426 50,070 55,729 59,189 55,319

62,207 51,977 59,705 65,185 58,179

71,350 53,201 68,505 73,598 64,400

53,330 50,455 56,726 57,873 50,378

41,960 40,284 43,481 47,627 41,467

49,337 43,880 58,507 64,350 76,549

49,606 43,880 58,748 64,552 76,844

† † 91,091 76,063 78,973

49,606 43,880 47,186 55,053 56,803

37,275 † 26,882 31,853 47,893

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

59,565 61,854 57,646 50,034 61,632 55,290

57,032 63,604 57,370 51,469 63,234 55,290

57,032 68,569 64,982 53,009 63,247 64,981

62,965 76,049 71,556 61,338 84,113 64,981

45,030 64,323 55,155 48,968 56,150 †

† 46,309 47,880 41,269 63,214 44,840

61,951 56,523 58,679 42,574 55,040 †

64,642 56,523 58,679 42,574 55,152 †

† † † † 68,313 †

64,642 56,523 58,679 42,574 50,826 †

33,141 † † † 39,508 †

U.S. Service Schools ................................

79,058

79,058

79,058

†

79,058

†

†

†

†

†

†

Other jurisdictions .......................... American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

48,612 27,388 21,348 51,880 28,077 41,276 17,733 51,848 51,580

48,866 27,388 21,348 51,880 28,077 41,276 17,733 52,263 51,580

52,163 † † 56,439 † 41,276 † 52,263 51,580

† † † † † † † † †

52,163 † † 56,439 † 41,276 † 52,263 51,580

29,526 27,388 21,348 44,671 28,077 † 17,733 † †

27,437 † † † † † † 27,437 †

27,437 † † † † † † 27,437 †

† † † † † † † † †

27,437 † † † † † † 27,437 †

† † † † † † † † †

†Not applicable. NOTE: Data include imputations for nonrespondent institutions.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Winter 2004–05. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 413 Staff

Table 238. Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04 Public institutions

State or jurisdiction 1

All institutions

Private institutions

4-year institutions Total

Total

4-year institutions

University Other 4-year

2-year

Total

Total

University Other 4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States ...................................

$62,615

$60,912

$64,398

$71,511

$59,788

$53,080

$66,693

$66,953

$87,340

$57,749

$36,429

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

51,513 54,697 64,448 47,079 75,179

52,433 55,146 64,807 47,034 74,395

56,002 55,098 68,410 50,775 77,951

63,805 56,402 73,030 62,706 100,727

51,148 54,110 56,018 47,550 73,695

43,870 62,220 58,799 37,873 70,305

46,639 46,103 54,996 47,326 78,508

46,921 46,103 54,996 47,536 78,658

† † † † 96,007

46,921 46,103 54,996 47,536 69,439

29,904 † † 25,155 52,133

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

58,529 75,133 71,490 74,472 58,537

57,899 70,027 73,063 58,566 58,251

61,473 73,136 76,762 58,566 63,391

71,950 83,684 79,652 † 72,918

53,577 63,880 56,997 58,566 59,421

42,137 59,729 53,773 † 47,306

62,790 79,831 60,649 75,415 59,487

62,790 80,199 61,356 75,415 59,487

70,239 103,535 † 77,489 74,964

55,576 68,843 61,356 59,866 54,722

† 34,851 37,527 † †

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

59,211 60,457 49,272 64,468 60,502

58,853 60,998 49,655 60,981 60,042

61,270 65,832 51,125 63,188 63,277

72,376 68,097 56,977 68,041 67,962

58,862 53,858 48,856 58,834 54,208

43,293 52,506 41,988 56,984 41,821

60,162 58,223 45,092 70,134 61,493

60,336 59,011 45,092 70,263 61,799

97,596 † † 91,289 92,508

51,025 59,011 45,092 56,135 52,296

47,728 28,696 † 32,883 37,343

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

56,664 53,028 52,665 52,666 56,619

60,835 55,194 54,440 51,997 53,709

69,378 60,840 58,220 53,452 56,216

72,577 63,792 68,377 64,562 61,249

58,775 52,970 52,195 50,275 53,615

42,624 43,163 44,274 41,247 44,745

49,752 39,624 45,430 55,663 61,324

49,770 40,138 46,238 55,663 61,583

60,932 † † 60,279 †

48,578 40,138 46,238 49,248 61,583

45,265 31,519 24,241 † 46,406

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

63,328 76,676 66,625 60,409 47,623

62,046 63,691 68,668 62,557 48,038

65,918 67,076 69,351 67,915 52,275

79,871 74,699 81,719 84,130 56,526

59,642 64,026 59,950 59,275 49,093

55,357 55,574 65,895 54,285 42,595

67,281 82,852 55,270 55,464 43,911

67,312 82,998 55,342 55,623 43,911

86,796 95,497 58,618 † †

56,844 69,171 54,969 55,623 43,911

56,517 44,543 33,714 24,192 †

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

56,277 49,332 54,715 64,144 63,882

54,211 50,831 57,197 64,141 61,082

56,335 53,141 61,893 70,304 66,716

66,143 55,627 71,599 72,514 72,228

54,210 47,255 54,780 68,865 57,580

47,010 37,410 40,775 51,508 41,906

60,508 38,990 48,502 64,461 67,528

60,805 39,975 48,599 64,461 67,528

81,949 † 60,197 † †

46,215 39,975 43,686 64,461 67,528

42,442 29,562 34,000 † †

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

74,707 52,860 70,431 54,163 45,396

73,087 53,056 64,873 51,278 46,834

77,462 57,978 67,566 62,267 49,571

86,681 61,739 77,514 76,070 53,138

74,152 48,145 66,105 56,695 41,792

62,543 41,224 59,421 37,906 37,282

78,742 50,030 75,551 63,341 37,117

78,784 53,511 75,791 63,590 40,178

99,036 † 88,767 88,924 †

64,408 53,511 66,105 47,940 40,178

41,000 36,000 37,066 34,703 29,336

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

61,088 50,109 55,343 67,676 70,647

62,594 50,090 54,621 67,196 64,407

66,655 52,798 56,900 69,441 68,317

68,400 59,866 60,747 78,712 75,053

59,961 46,050 52,515 63,891 57,362

50,642 40,404 51,719 54,443 52,688

57,768 50,183 57,806 68,219 74,909

57,910 50,183 57,806 68,615 74,909

85,865 66,675 † 94,531 †

54,827 43,546 57,806 60,290 74,909

37,069 † † 39,122 †

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

51,950 47,645 54,819 57,134 60,325

52,739 48,745 54,484 55,936 54,603

58,918 50,859 58,493 61,194 57,385

67,499 51,498 68,176 68,905 64,487

50,415 50,035 55,263 55,037 48,717

40,498 38,981 41,753 46,163 41,753

48,418 42,720 55,523 62,297 75,215

48,675 42,720 55,821 62,501 75,535

† † 86,540 74,046 77,702

48,675 42,720 45,170 53,028 54,560

36,355 † 24,402 30,861 46,605

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

56,765 59,897 56,596 48,719 61,629 53,363

55,512 61,680 56,537 50,639 63,748 53,363

55,512 66,161 63,240 51,533 65,470 61,721

60,036 73,570 68,828 60,676 85,054 61,721

46,320 61,868 54,518 47,477 58,440 †

† 45,912 48,153 40,497 61,199 44,273

57,924 54,472 56,821 39,334 53,312 †

60,361 54,472 56,821 39,334 53,399 †

† † † † 65,193 †

60,361 54,472 56,821 39,334 49,568 †

33,289 † † † 41,225 †

U.S. Service Schools ................................

85,644

85,644

85,644

†

85,644

†

†

†

†

†

†

Other jurisdictions .......................... American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

40,255 27,651 21,289 50,375 — 40,884 15,135 44,753 51,975

40,642 27,651 21,289 50,375 — 40,884 15,135 45,617 51,975

47,115 † † 54,599 † 40,884 † 45,617 51,975

† † † † † † † † †

47,115 † † 54,599 † 40,884 † 45,617 51,975

21,667 27,651 21,289 43,597 — † 15,135 † †

19,622 † † † † † † 19,622 †

26,700 † † † † † † 26,700 †

† † † † † † † † †

26,700 † † † † † † 26,700 †

5,467 † † † † † † 5,467 †

—Not available. †Not applicable. NOTE: Data include imputations for nonrespondent institutions.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Winter 2003–04. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

414 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 239. Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in 4-year degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, rank of faculty, and state or jurisdiction: 2004–05 Public university State or jurisdiction 1

Public other 4-year

Private university

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

2

3

Private other 4-year

United States ...................................

$98,398

$68,315

$58,522

$80,463

$61,817

$51,983

$122,461

$78,841

$67,156

$77,305

$59,205

$48,953

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

91,411 79,171 99,179 86,126 122,458

65,146 60,321 68,468 64,892 78,596

54,498 52,252 60,970 55,208 69,678

70,680 74,091 76,459 64,501 92,316

57,289 58,202 60,588 55,443 68,148

48,367 50,918 49,917 46,597 57,709

† † † † 130,792

† † † † 85,512

† † † † 74,829

63,745 64,254 52,900 57,620 90,818

50,161 52,806 67,054 48,946 68,236

41,895 41,892 49,102 41,492 56,740

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

94,809 110,922 111,112 † 94,567

69,526 78,961 76,580 † 65,638

59,796 63,824 62,807 † 58,970

72,941 81,645 68,339 81,706 81,629

56,547 63,298 62,640 64,579 62,212

48,506 52,598 55,189 52,056 53,735

93,233 146,414 † 108,466 108,960

69,570 83,138 † 75,968 72,918

57,998 69,874 † 60,895 63,485

79,676 91,967 96,271 89,802 74,843

53,711 68,506 69,420 67,449 56,438

49,144 55,329 52,795 52,169 48,353

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

95,755 89,394 70,922 100,705 94,510

64,635 67,574 58,182 68,026 66,852

57,970 58,756 48,921 58,590 56,398

83,294 68,807 63,567 81,128 77,213

60,447 57,924 53,279 62,700 59,729

50,802 50,371 45,451 52,428 49,981

132,809 † † 131,671 118,670

83,007 † † 81,685 78,750

76,589 † † 67,853 67,677

61,811 80,331 52,127 71,397 66,893

52,739 67,700 45,045 58,446 53,053

44,219 55,725 38,910 47,713 46,169

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

97,061 86,441 89,538 93,662 74,166

68,969 63,468 63,747 67,574 63,102

60,262 53,910 54,445 59,359 49,034

77,770 70,842 72,109 69,257 67,419

61,522 55,104 56,371 54,727 55,335

52,920 47,071 49,462 46,866 45,069

84,564 † † 87,874 †

59,511 † † 64,634 †

48,836 † † 53,323 †

61,919 46,811 58,781 62,323 89,933

50,689 42,830 47,535 53,364 62,659

43,351 37,718 41,209 45,272 50,302

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

108,149 103,371 110,538 107,484 81,811

73,990 82,128 77,056 71,900 63,368

73,781 62,544 64,668 62,475 54,035

84,820 81,258 78,703 74,475 65,850

64,715 66,184 61,859 59,820 54,210

54,219 54,187 51,493 50,036 47,391

115,074 131,702 80,632 † †

76,178 81,463 61,357 † †

66,840 71,817 50,404 † †

76,049 92,741 67,425 73,266 58,723

60,286 68,337 56,215 57,958 47,834

50,557 56,262 46,869 48,425 41,735

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

93,644 69,251 96,673 101,691 95,319

66,159 54,303 69,110 75,685 70,396

53,335 47,621 58,579 57,230 59,611

73,697 57,801 68,563 76,727 73,710

56,654 47,760 57,753 73,317 60,474

48,495 43,296 49,127 60,361 49,863

114,105 † 87,563 † †

72,874 † 59,241 † †

62,663 † 46,740 † †

57,496 52,063 56,815 75,231 91,121

49,857 43,126 47,862 52,305 64,258

43,076 36,955 40,890 53,020 49,061

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

113,068 82,819 103,736 105,772 72,270

77,074 61,061 72,964 72,618 58,452

62,426 53,424 60,392 64,817 51,751

99,863 57,252 87,633 79,631 53,254

76,273 51,565 66,517 62,090 46,346

59,610 44,291 54,962 54,730 41,684

141,826 † 122,313 125,022 †

77,413 † 81,803 83,107 †

67,243 † 69,486 65,525 †

85,046 62,298 90,442 61,667 50,352

67,727 49,570 67,112 51,016 43,381

50,535 44,392 54,354 43,279 39,241

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

94,658 84,691 81,514 110,206 85,757

66,400 61,480 60,573 75,276 62,451

54,780 52,809 55,001 64,600 56,070

81,672 61,590 67,290 86,006 65,061

62,495 53,059 53,228 68,050 54,925

50,461 45,537 44,989 55,264 48,143

109,619 92,758 † 127,650 †

85,440 64,763 † 83,829 †

78,053 55,150 † 71,830 †

70,916 58,582 76,529 82,905 104,125

55,866 46,323 56,988 63,008 70,601

47,000 40,362 47,571 51,900 60,285

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

92,215 69,087 91,365 99,797 84,366

66,392 56,660 68,309 66,899 60,775

59,783 48,362 57,192 59,352 55,044

66,006 69,208 71,926 78,519 60,779

56,636 50,021 57,134 61,740 51,519

46,735 46,097 48,353 53,449 46,550

† † 124,263 104,504 100,373

† † 79,040 72,236 74,673

† † 64,990 65,410 65,390

64,795 54,517 58,201 70,966 66,842

49,556 48,409 48,939 53,776 58,699

42,909 39,912 41,540 45,105 50,544

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

86,359 102,757 90,744 76,966 99,017 83,955

64,657 72,166 65,438 59,619 73,990 63,230

54,908 59,696 60,997 48,818 62,753 59,081

52,587 85,322 68,125 59,989 70,212 †

42,945 64,357 56,209 49,994 57,638 †

34,586 52,577 49,086 42,042 49,657 †

† † † † 92,973 †

† † † † 68,752 †

† † † † 56,862 †

87,653 73,707 73,145 52,014 62,261 †

61,543 55,937 58,933 45,415 51,688 †

51,336 46,120 49,481 36,938 44,282 †

U.S. Service Schools ................................

†

†

†

103,698

82,767

67,789

†

†

†

†

†

†

Other jurisdictions .......................... American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

† † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † †

62,807 † † 56,439 † † † 62,078 65,318

53,013 † † 74,550 † † † 52,469 53,379

43,832 † † 55,998 † † † 43,776 44,008

† † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † †

27,600 † † † † † † 27,600 †

31,110 † † † † † † 31,110 †

†Not applicable. NOTE: Data include imputations for nonrespondent institutions.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Winter 2004–05. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 415 Staff

Table 240. Average salary of full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in 4-year degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution, rank of faculty, and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04 Public university State or jurisdiction 1

Public other 4-year

Private university

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Professor

Associate professor

Assistant professor

2

3

Private other 4-year

United States ...................................

$94,813

$65,883

$56,386

$78,584

$60,230

$50,581

$118,142

$76,044

$65,069

$74,909

$57,570

$47,674

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

82,936 72,738 92,643 83,464 122,272

61,692 56,149 64,604 63,086 77,713

50,835 49,848 57,910 54,150 68,128

66,673 68,976 71,971 62,859 91,510

53,888 55,088 56,746 52,989 68,427

46,058 49,288 46,448 45,106 56,967

† † † † 125,365

† † † † 82,474

† † † † 71,107

61,962 62,421 64,624 57,531 88,223

47,490 47,500 64,007 48,289 66,017

40,928 42,684 48,967 40,938 53,571

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

92,941 106,660 † † 92,351

68,244 76,330 † † 63,227

58,045 61,731 † † 56,205

71,661 78,842 69,782 73,014 78,623

55,244 60,911 58,895 56,091 60,802

46,909 50,948 52,788 43,340 52,684

88,724 139,490 † 104,008 107,299

67,064 79,973 † 72,683 70,322

56,094 66,789 † 58,442 62,524

79,158 89,318 79,015 86,202 72,489

57,433 66,534 64,462 63,889 54,781

47,221 54,446 47,735 50,531 46,804

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

94,345 85,402 70,664 96,793 91,782

63,414 64,272 58,277 65,339 64,914

56,816 56,209 49,422 57,430 54,576

83,250 66,065 61,626 80,229 75,224

60,891 56,283 51,864 61,254 58,365

50,445 46,695 43,902 51,220 48,869

127,385 † † 126,163 116,508

79,751 † † 77,901 77,304

74,145 † † 65,932 65,990

61,098 78,606 51,781 69,180 64,564

51,699 64,969 43,430 57,242 51,401

42,916 55,095 38,080 46,983 44,970

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

95,149 82,119 89,535 91,844 72,777

67,492 60,594 62,379 65,098 61,646

58,427 51,438 53,066 58,127 50,514

75,571 69,708 70,395 68,077 65,589

59,770 54,319 55,470 53,476 53,970

51,516 45,888 48,202 46,008 42,539

78,733 † † 84,324 †

55,937 † † 58,403 †

47,638 † † 48,416 †

60,673 45,949 55,905 63,322 85,371

49,371 41,155 45,877 53,175 60,615

42,004 37,012 40,480 45,609 48,567

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

103,710 90,715 106,950 103,516 77,574

73,024 70,801 75,862 69,319 60,708

68,654 56,745 63,384 60,951 51,091

83,073 75,395 76,972 73,181 63,778

62,386 62,357 60,988 58,925 52,377

51,712 51,824 50,733 48,783 45,331

113,012 127,429 76,443 † †

76,913 78,828 59,454 † †

65,150 70,587 46,920 † †

73,275 90,460 65,907 71,987 56,901

57,969 66,525 54,601 56,162 45,115

48,392 54,853 45,839 46,209 39,597

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

90,702 69,513 92,740 95,971 90,656

64,648 54,453 66,179 69,550 67,590

52,636 47,308 57,257 53,626 55,935

71,082 57,911 68,333 89,119 69,176

55,403 47,283 56,667 72,371 56,020

46,669 42,799 47,941 54,786 46,815

109,530 † 89,024 † †

70,519 † 62,176 † †

61,961 † 47,965 † †

55,005 47,679 54,222 85,765 90,382

48,609 41,026 45,148 53,346 62,006

42,141 35,194 39,187 52,421 49,771

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

111,145 78,516 100,260 100,540 67,372

76,482 59,157 70,457 69,353 56,133

61,086 50,982 59,168 61,394 50,210

97,225 56,864 85,715 75,011 53,478

74,263 49,261 65,595 58,914 46,115

57,964 43,312 53,323 51,549 40,497

136,717 † 117,460 123,705 †

75,792 † 79,124 81,709 †

65,105 † 67,202 64,763 †

83,160 59,544 87,172 59,723 48,355

66,123 48,159 66,980 49,402 42,233

51,860 43,752 54,148 41,772 37,678

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

91,762 80,822 81,247 105,414 86,619

64,663 57,596 60,835 72,905 62,858

53,196 50,076 53,537 63,011 57,110

78,821 57,652 65,788 85,495 65,419

60,124 49,496 52,834 67,140 55,202

48,527 42,711 45,264 54,937 47,867

111,416 88,688 † 123,901 †

76,646 62,325 † 81,518 †

69,637 53,866 † 69,507 †

68,680 54,308 75,807 79,984 101,746

54,463 44,964 53,655 60,706 67,178

46,330 39,874 46,397 49,889 58,443

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

87,291 65,769 88,253 94,396 83,294

62,984 54,416 67,204 62,622 58,755

56,122 47,025 54,964 55,573 52,097

62,351 67,119 69,972 72,670 59,591

53,247 50,982 54,673 58,231 50,123

44,445 45,600 47,328 50,790 45,211

† † 117,483 101,681 98,103

† † 76,206 70,397 73,396

† † 64,429 62,871 63,916

62,387 54,124 56,149 68,462 63,574

47,619 46,461 47,407 52,778 57,593

43,134 38,805 40,333 43,960 48,564

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

82,269 98,569 87,042 76,926 96,982 78,776

62,119 69,917 62,925 58,599 74,944 59,107

51,895 57,601 58,972 47,326 64,053 55,532

53,726 81,680 66,325 58,726 70,090 †

43,550 61,785 54,599 49,083 57,124 †

34,876 49,922 48,274 40,995 49,897 †

† † † † 86,454 †

† † † † 64,914 †

† † † † 55,979 †

82,238 70,591 71,077 49,126 61,073 †

57,059 54,859 56,529 43,147 50,576 †

48,950 44,682 48,128 34,524 43,050 †

U.S. Service Schools ................................

†

†

†

101,514

81,152

67,621

†

†

†

†

†

†

Other jurisdictions .......................... American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

† † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † †

57,952 † † 71,829 † † † 55,119 69,173

50,302 † † 55,470 † † † 47,916 55,663

41,785 † † 42,779 † † † 41,091 44,128

† † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † †

27,600 † † † † † † 27,600 †

25,800 † † † † † † 25,800 †

†Not applicable. NOTE: Data include imputations for nonrespondent institutions.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Winter 2003–04. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

416 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff

Table 241. Average benefit expenditure for full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by type of benefit and control of institution: Selected years, 1977–78 through 2004–05

Control and year 1

Average total benefit per full-time faculty member 2

Average benefit expenditure per full-time faculty member receiving benefit Retirement plans

Total

Vested within 5 years

Vested after 5 years

Medical/ dental plans

3

4

5

6

Guaranteed Tuition disability plan income for protection dependents 7

Housing plan

Social Security taxes

Unemployment compensation

Group life insurance

Workmen’s compensation

Other benefits

9

10

11

12

13

14

8

Current dollars Total 1977–78........................... 1982–83........................... 1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1992–93...........................

$3,203 5,799 7,227 8,241 10,473

$1,725 2,731 3,677 4,048 4,397

$1,739 2,741 3,494 3,974 4,391

$1,691 2,703 4,028 4,192 4,410

$521 1,111 1,682 2,339 3,266

$96 151 132 147 179

$1,410 1,993 1,585 2,070 2,196

$886 1,639 2,004 2,643 2,574

$899 1,712 2,379 2,764 3,168

$109 146 134 121 143

$105 138 178 182 237

$80 114 190 49 344

$288 915 716 637 874

1997–98........................... 1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

12,263 12,580 13,227 15,552 16,423 17,269

5,289 5,256 5,292 5,781 5,907 6,211

5,195 5,268 5,365 6,039 6,178 6,429

5,498 5,228 5,125 5,208 5,280 5,682

3,535 3,726 3,989 5,396 5,915 6,314

218 213 237 264 262 272

2,765 3,012 3,362 3,308 3,504 4,072

4,100 3,698 4,187 4,329 6,101 4,176

3,562 3,668 3,793 4,158 4,240 4,354

158 152 146 170 192 225

195 190 190 211 215 199

340 347 343 411 438 481

1,274 1,093 1,415 1,032 1,188 1,229

Public 1977–78........................... 1982–83........................... 1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1992–93...........................

3,252 5,920 7,146 8,361 10,280

1,791 2,846 3,815 4,186 4,467

1,833 2,880 3,602 4,128 4,469

1,724 2,776 4,086 4,259 4,464

560 1,189 1,757 2,425 3,352

99 153 140 154 188

430 576 404 605 693

846 1,027 1,172 1,767 1,135

911 1,741 2,399 2,771 3,122

99 139 109 97 117

105 140 180 182 250

88 115 192 60 318

94 980 611 602 827

1997–98........................... 1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

12,114 12,192 12,756 15,097 15,890 16,769

5,432 5,249 5,258 5,703 5,767 6,104

5,302 5,230 5,297 5,968 6,062 6,321

5,617 5,276 5,200 5,323 5,329 5,760

3,646 3,830 4,131 5,565 6,121 6,498

219 202 237 274 263 274

830 828 962 978 1,022 1,280

2,614 1,826 2,283 2,415 4,589 3,655

3,482 3,553 3,660 4,005 4,043 4,161

133 127 121 142 174 202

187 183 176 198 206 189

340 348 347 402 429 479

1,442 1,065 1,463 1,058 1,080 1,227

Private 1977–78........................... 1982–83........................... 1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1992–93...........................

3,071 5,462 7,438 7,954 10,958

1,509 2,340 3,280 3,657 4,206

1,542 2,404 3,306 3,718 4,259

905 1,295 2,906 2,478 2,877

404 886 1,488 2,112 3,039

89 146 120 134 163

2,025 3,403 3,666 4,259 4,523

890 1,798 2,303 3,032 2,956

873 1,648 2,337 2,750 3,267

131 170 197 188 212

103 134 175 182 207

60 113 184 25 402

838 212 977 712 957

1997–98........................... 1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

12,629 13,519 14,366 16,660 17,701 18,465

4,915 5,274 5,380 5,981 6,262 6,483

5,023 5,327 5,471 6,153 6,363 6,603

2,531 3,879 3,354 2,983 4,225 4,092

3,255 3,468 3,638 4,964 5,395 5,849

216 231 237 249 259 269

5,513 6,722 6,951 6,943 7,477 7,600

4,228 3,936 4,349 4,348 6,104 4,455

3,735 3,915 4,074 4,490 4,668 4,775

222 219 213 247 240 284

209 205 215 236 231 217

339 345 335 429 457 484

1,024 1,151 1,337 988 1,354 1,231

Constant 2004–05 dollars1 Total 1977–78........................... 1982–83........................... 1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1992–93...........................

9,804 11,325 11,959 12,441 14,085

5,278 5,334 6,084 6,111 5,914

5,323 5,353 5,781 6,000 5,906

5,176 5,279 6,665 6,329 5,932

1,594 2,171 2,784 3,531 4,393

293 294 219 221 240

4,315 3,892 2,623 3,126 2,954

2,713 3,201 3,316 3,991 3,462

2,753 3,343 3,936 4,173 4,261

332 286 222 183 192

320 270 295 275 319

244 223 314 74 462

880 1,786 1,184 961 1,176

1997–98........................... 1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

14,534 14,655 14,977 16,371 16,917 17,269

6,268 6,123 5,993 6,086 6,085 6,211

6,157 6,137 6,074 6,357 6,364 6,429

6,516 6,090 5,803 5,482 5,439 5,682

4,190 4,340 4,516 5,680 6,093 6,314

258 248 268 278 269 272

3,278 3,509 3,807 3,482 3,610 4,072

4,859 4,308 4,741 4,556 6,285 4,176

4,222 4,273 4,295 4,377 4,368 4,354

187 177 166 179 198 225

231 222 215 222 221 199

403 404 389 432 451 481

1,510 1,273 1,602 1,087 1,223 1,229

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 417 Staff

Table 241. Average benefit expenditure for full-time instructional faculty on 9-month contracts in degree-granting institutions, by type of benefit and control of institution: Selected years, 1977–78 through 2004–05—Continued Average total benefit per full-time faculty member

Average benefit expenditure per full-time faculty member receiving benefit Retirement plans

Guaranteed Tuition disability plan income for protection dependents

Housing plan

Social Security taxes

Unemployment compensation

Group life insurance

Workmen’s compensation

Other benefits

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

304 299 232 233 252

1,316 1,125 669 914 932

2,590 2,006 1,939 2,667 1,527

2,789 3,401 3,969 4,183 4,199

303 271 181 146 157

322 273 298 275 337

270 225 318 90 428

286 1,915 1,012 908 1,113

4,321 4,462 4,678 5,858 6,305 6,498

260 235 268 289 271 274

983 965 1,089 1,030 1,052 1,280

3,098 2,127 2,585 2,542 4,727 3,655

4,127 4,139 4,145 4,216 4,164 4,161

158 148 137 149 179 202

222 213 200 209 212 189

403 406 393 423 442 479

1,708 1,241 1,657 1,114 1,113 1,227

2,771 2,530 4,809 3,741 3,870

1,237 1,731 2,462 3,188 4,088

272 285 198 202 220

6,199 6,646 6,067 6,429 6,083

2,723 3,511 3,812 4,577 3,975

2,670 3,219 3,868 4,152 4,394

400 332 327 285 285

317 262 290 275 279

184 221 304 37 540

2,564 415 1,617 1,075 1,287

2,999 4,519 3,798 3,140 4,352 4,092

3,857 4,040 4,119 5,225 5,558 5,849

256 269 269 262 267 269

6,533 7,831 7,870 7,309 7,702 7,600

5,011 4,585 4,924 4,577 6,288 4,455

4,427 4,560 4,613 4,726 4,808 4,775

264 256 241 260 247 284

248 239 244 249 238 217

402 402 379 452 471 484

1,214 1,341 1,514 1,040 1,395 1,231

Total

Vested within 5 years

Vested after 5 years

Medical/ dental plans

2

3

4

5

6

7

Public 1977–78........................... 1982–83........................... 1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1992–93...........................

9,952 11,563 11,825 12,623 13,827

5,481 5,559 6,313 6,319 6,008

5,609 5,625 5,961 6,232 6,011

5,276 5,422 6,761 6,430 6,004

1,715 2,321 2,908 3,661 4,509

1997–98........................... 1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

14,357 14,204 14,444 15,892 16,368 16,769

6,438 6,115 5,953 6,003 5,941 6,104

6,284 6,093 5,998 6,282 6,244 6,321

6,658 6,146 5,888 5,603 5,490 5,760

Private 1977–78........................... 1982–83........................... 1987–88........................... 1989–90........................... 1992–93...........................

9,400 10,668 12,308 12,009 14,738

4,617 4,570 5,428 5,521 5,657

4,719 4,695 5,471 5,613 5,728

1997–98........................... 1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–05...........................

14,967 15,749 16,267 17,537 18,233 18,465

5,826 6,145 6,092 6,296 6,450 6,483

5,954 6,207 6,195 6,476 6,554 6,603

Control and year 1

1

Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to an academic-year basis. NOTE: Data for 1977–78 to 1992–93 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year

colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Faculty Salaries, Tenure, and Fringe Benefits” surveys, 1977–78 and 1982–83; and 1987–88 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Salaries, Tenure, and Fringe Benefits of Full-Time Instructional Faculty Survey” (IPEDS-SA:87–99), and Winter 2002–03 through Winter 2004–05. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

418 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Staff _

Table 242. Full-time instructional staff with tenure for degree-granting institutions with a tenure system, by academic rank, sex, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1993–94 through 2003–04 Percent with tenure All ranks Academic year, control and type of institution

Professor

Associate professor

No academic Female Instructor Lecturer rank

Assistant professor

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

1993–94 All institutions............................................ 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

56.2 54.0 54.3 53.8 69.3

62.6 61.0 61.0 61.1 74.7

42.7 38.0 35.8 39.4 62.4

91.9 93.0 94.1 92.1 80.8

92.8 93.5 94.5 92.5 83.7

87.7 90.6 91.3 90.2 75.7

76.8 76.2 78.0 74.9 83.8

77.5 77.0 78.6 75.7 86.1

75.1 74.3 76.4 73.1 81.1

14.4 12.1 6.6 15.7 46.6

13.6 11.5 6.2 15.4 50.5

15.5 12.9 7.3 16.0 43.2

38.3 4.8 5.7 4.4 67.9

10.8 9.6 10.5 8.3 41.2

26.0 9.4 9.9 8.7 65.6

Public institutions...................................... 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

58.9 56.3 57.0 55.7 69.9

65.4 63.5 64.2 62.9 75.4

45.6 39.3 37.2 40.8 63.0

92.6 94.3 95.6 93.2 80.7

93.6 94.7 96.0 93.5 83.7

87.5 92.0 92.5 91.7 75.5

80.8 80.4 83.9 77.5 84.2

81.6 81.2 84.4 78.3 86.4

78.9 78.4 82.6 75.5 81.5

17.1 13.8 7.6 18.1 47.7

16.1 13.0 7.0 17.6 51.1

18.5 14.8 8.6 18.7 44.6

45.5 4.4 3.1 5.1 68.9

7.2 5.4 1.0 9.8 39.9

28.6 6.1 7.0 4.9 65.7

Private institutions .................................... 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

49.5 49.5 48.4 50.3 45.4

56.0 56.0 54.1 57.5 51.9

35.4 35.4 32.9 36.8 36.8

90.3 90.3 90.8 89.9 89.8

90.8 90.8 91.1 90.5 86.8

88.1 88.0 89.1 87.4 95.0

67.6 67.6 63.2 70.2 62.9

68.1 68.1 64.1 70.7 64.1

66.5 66.5 60.6 69.1 61.8

9.0 9.0 4.7 11.6 12.0

8.7 8.7 4.8 11.5 11.8

9.4 9.4 4.7 11.7 12.0

6.8 5.5 10.4 3.1 25.8

21.9 21.6 30.0 1.4 —

18.8 15.7 15.4 16.3 64.8

1999–2000 All institutions............................................ 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

53.6 51.5 50.1 52.6 67.7

59.6 58.3 57.1 59.4 70.6

43.1 38.5 34.5 41.1 64.6

92.8 92.9 92.5 93.2 91.3

93.2 93.2 92.9 93.5 92.3

91.2 91.5 90.3 92.2 89.9

76.8 76.3 77.1 75.7 83.2

76.8 76.5 77.4 75.8 83.3

76.7 76.0 76.6 75.7 83.1

11.7 9.1 4.1 12.4 53.5

10.9 8.6 3.9 12.1 55.9

12.8 9.7 4.5 12.8 51.6

34.1 3.6 1.7 4.7 60.9

3.4 2.5 0.9 4.4 21.1

18.4 4.9 1.3 11.6 64.5

Public institutions...................................... 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

55.9 53.1 53.0 53.2 67.8

61.9 60.3 60.4 60.2 70.7

45.5 39.3 36.7 41.2 64.6

93.9 94.2 94.2 94.1 91.3

94.4 94.6 94.7 94.4 92.3

91.9 92.5 91.4 93.1 89.8

81.0 80.8 83.0 78.9 83.4

81.2 81.0 83.2 79.0 83.5

80.7 80.3 82.7 78.5 83.4

14.0 10.0 4.6 13.8 53.7

13.0 9.6 4.3 13.5 56.0

15.2 10.6 5.1 14.1 51.8

39.9 3.9 2.3 4.8 61.0

4.1 3.0 0.7 5.2 21.2

21.2 4.0 1.7 7.5 64.4

Private institutions .................................... 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

48.3 48.2 44.1 51.4 59.9

54.3 54.3 50.3 57.7 60.3

37.0 36.8 29.8 41.1 59.6

90.3 90.3 88.9 91.4 95.9

90.5 90.5 89.1 91.7 92.0

89.7 89.7 87.9 90.6 100.0

68.1 68.1 64.1 70.6 60.0

67.9 67.9 64.6 70.2 66.7

68.5 68.5 62.8 71.3 55.8

7.5 7.4 3.2 10.1 33.8

6.9 6.8 3.1 9.6 40.0

8.2 8.2 3.3 10.6 30.0

4.1 3.1 0.4 4.6 50.5

1.2 1.2 1.3 1.0 —

8.6 7.2 0.4 28.3 68.8

2001–02 All institutions............................................ 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

50.8 48.7 47.8 49.4 64.2

56.5 55.2 54.5 55.8 66.6

41.5 36.9 33.5 39.2 61.8

92.0 92.0 91.9 92.1 91.8

92.3 92.3 92.3 92.4 92.2

90.7 90.7 89.6 91.3 91.2

75.6 75.0 76.0 74.1 84.0

75.4 74.9 76.2 73.9 83.9

75.9 75.1 75.8 74.6 84.0

10.0 7.5 3.4 10.2 49.6

9.1 6.8 3.1 9.6 51.5

11.1 8.2 3.7 10.9 48.0

30.0 3.1 1.4 4.0 53.0

3.2 2.0 0.5 3.8 31.5

18.9 3.4 1.1 7.4 67.8

Public institutions...................................... 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

52.6 49.8 50.2 49.4 64.3

58.2 56.6 57.3 56.0 66.6

43.5 37.4 35.5 38.7 61.8

93.2 93.4 93.7 93.0 91.8

93.6 93.7 94.2 93.2 92.3

91.8 92.0 91.4 92.3 91.2

79.4 78.9 81.3 76.9 84.0

79.3 78.9 81.6 76.6 83.9

79.5 78.8 80.6 77.4 84.1

11.9 8.1 3.6 11.3 49.9

10.8 7.5 3.2 10.7 51.9

13.3 9.0 4.1 12.0 48.2

34.4 2.5 1.8 2.8 53.0

3.9 2.4 0.6 4.2 30.6

22.1 2.4 0.8 4.8 67.9

Private institutions .................................... 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

46.5 46.5 42.7 49.4 61.0

52.4 52.3 48.9 55.2 63.0

36.2 36.0 29.1 40.3 58.1

89.3 89.3 88.0 90.4 88.7

89.6 89.6 88.4 90.7 86.5

88.2 88.2 85.8 89.6 91.1

67.7 67.7 64.4 69.7 80.4

67.3 67.3 64.5 69.2 81.0

68.4 68.4 64.2 70.4 80.0

6.3 6.3 3.0 8.4 24.2

5.7 5.7 3.0 7.7 17.1

7.0 7.0 3.0 9.0 30.0

6.6 4.4 0.6 6.3 57.8

1.1 0.9 0.4 2.1 —

6.8 6.0 1.7 18.6 65.6

2003–04 All institutions............................................ 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

50.4 48.2 47.4 48.8 65.2

56.0 54.6 54.0 55.1 68.2

41.5 37.2 34.0 39.4 62.2

91.8 91.9 91.7 92.1 90.6

92.0 92.1 91.9 92.2 91.3

91.1 91.3 90.5 91.8 89.7

74.6 74.2 75.0 73.6 81.2

74.2 73.8 74.8 73.0 82.0

75.3 74.8 75.4 74.5 80.5

9.0 6.6 3.1 9.0 45.6

8.2 6.1 3.0 8.3 48.4

9.9 7.3 3.2 9.7 43.2

30.7 3.2 1.1 4.3 57.2

2.1 1.5 0.4 2.6 22.1

22.5 3.9 1.7 9.6 69.8

Public institutions...................................... 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

53.0 50.2 51.1 49.4 65.2

58.6 56.9 58.0 56.0 68.3

44.2 38.5 37.2 39.4 62.2

93.6 93.9 93.8 94.0 90.5

93.8 94.0 94.0 94.0 91.3

92.9 93.7 92.9 94.2 89.6

78.9 78.7 81.2 76.6 81.3

78.7 78.4 81.2 76.0 82.1

79.4 79.2 81.3 77.6 80.6

11.1 7.5 3.7 10.1 45.9

10.2 7.0 3.6 9.4 48.8

12.1 8.2 3.9 10.8 43.5

35.7 2.4 1.5 2.8 57.2

2.6 1.7 0.4 2.7 22.0

28.6 4.4 2.6 8.3 69.8

Private institutions .................................... 4-year.................................................... University .......................................... Other ................................................. 2-year....................................................

44.7 44.6 40.5 47.9 61.5

50.3 50.3 46.6 53.6 60.2

35.0 34.9 27.9 39.3 62.7

88.2 88.2 87.5 88.7 94.9

88.4 88.4 87.8 89.0 91.7

87.2 87.1 85.6 88.0 97.7

66.2 66.2 62.1 68.7 65.4

65.5 65.5 61.9 68.1 61.9

67.3 67.3 62.6 69.7 67.7

5.2 5.2 2.0 7.2 15.6

4.6 4.6 2.0 6.5 14.3

5.9 5.9 2.0 8.0 16.7

6.7 4.9 0.4 7.2 63.0

0.7 0.7 0.2 1.8 37.5

3.7 2.8 0.3 14.0 68.1

1

—Not available. NOTE: The coverage of this tabulation differs from similar tables published in editions of the Digest prior to 2003. Previous tenure tabulations included only instructional staff classified as full-time faculty; this table includes all staff with full-time instructional duties, including faculty and other instructional staff. Data for 1993–94 are for institutions of higher education that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degreegranting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except

that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1993–94 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Staff Survey” (IPEDS-S:93–99), Winter 2001–02, and Winter 2003–04. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 419 Institutions

t u t i t s n ITable 243. Degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2004–05 All institutions Year

Public

Private

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Institutions of higher education,1 excluding branch campuses 1949–50........................................... 1959–60........................................... 1960–61........................................... 1961–62........................................... 1962–63...........................................

1,851 2,004 2,021 2,033 2,093

1,327 1,422 1,431 1,443 1,468

524 582 590 590 625

641 695 700 718 740

344 367 368 374 376

297 328 332 344 364

1,210 1,309 1,321 1,315 1,353

983 1,055 1,063 1,069 1,092

227 254 258 246 261

1963–64........................................... 1964–65........................................... 1965–66........................................... 1966–67........................................... 1967–68...........................................

2,132 2,175 2,230 2,329 2,374

1,499 1,521 1,551 1,577 1,588

633 654 679 752 786

760 799 821 880 934

386 393 401 403 414

374 406 420 477 520

1,372 1,376 1,409 1,449 1,440

1,113 1,128 1,150 1,174 1,174

259 248 259 275 266

1968–69........................................... 1969–70........................................... 1970–71........................................... 1971–72........................................... 1972–73...........................................

2,483 2,525 2,556 2,606 2,665

1,619 1,639 1,665 1,675 1,701

864 886 891 931 964

1,011 1,060 1,089 1,137 1,182

417 426 435 440 449

594 634 654 697 733

1,472 1,465 1,467 1,469 1,483

1,202 1,213 1,230 1,235 1,252

270 252 237 234 231

1973–74........................................... 1974–75........................................... 1975–76........................................... 1976–77........................................... 1977–78...........................................

2,720 2,747 2,765 2,785 2,826

1,717 1,744 1,767 1,783 1,808

1,003 1,003 998 1,002 1,018

1,200 1,214 1,219 1,231 1,241

440 447 447 452 454

760 767 772 779 787

1,520 1,533 1,546 1,554 1,585

1,277 1,297 1,320 1,331 1,354

243 236 226 223 231

1978–79........................................... 1979–80........................................... 1980–81........................................... 1981–82........................................... 1982–83...........................................

2,954 2,975 3,056 3,083 3,111

1,843 1,863 1,861 1,883 1,887

1,111 1,112 1,195 1,200 1,224

1,308 1,310 1,334 1,340 1,336

463 464 465 471 472

845 846 869 869 864

1,646 1,665 1,722 1,743 1,775

1,380 1,399 1,396 1,412 1,415

266 266 2 326 2 331 2 360

1983–84........................................... 1984–85........................................... 1985–86...........................................

3,117 3,146 3,155

1,914 1,911 1,915

1,203 1,235 1,240

1,325 1,329 1,326

474 461 461

851 868 865

1,792 1,817 1,829

1,440 1,450 1,454

352 367 375

Institutions of higher education,1 including branch campuses 1974–75........................................... 1975–76........................................... 1976–77........................................... 1977–78........................................... 1978–79...........................................

3,004 3,026 3,046 3,095 3,134

1,866 1,898 1,913 1,938 1,941

1,138 1,128 1,133 1,157 1,193

1,433 1,442 1,455 1,473 1,474

537 545 550 552 550

896 897 905 921 924

1,571 1,584 1,591 1,622 1,660

1,329 1,353 1,363 1,386 1,391

242 231 228 236 269

1979–80........................................... 1980–81........................................... 1981–82........................................... 1982–83........................................... 1983–84...........................................

3,152 3,231 3,253 3,280 3,284

1,957 1,957 1,979 1,984 2,013

1,195 1,274 1,274 1,296 1,271

1,475 1,497 1,498 1,493 1,481

549 552 558 560 565

926 945 940 933 916

1,677 1,734 1,755 1,787 1,803

1,408 1,405 1,421 1,424 1,448

1984–85........................................... 1985–86........................................... 1986–873 ......................................... 1987–883 ......................................... 1988–893 ......................................... 1989–903 .........................................

3,331 3,340 3,406 3,587 3,565 3,535

2,025 2,029 2,070 2,135 2,129 2,127

1,306 1,311 1,336 1,452 1,436 1,408

1,501 1,498 1,533 1,591 1,582 1,563

566 566 573 599 598 595

935 932 960 992 984 968

1,830 1,842 1,873 1,996 1,983 1,972

1,459 1,463 1,497 1,536 1,531 1,532

371 379 376 460 452 440

1990–913 ......................................... 1991–923 ......................................... 1992–933 ......................................... 1993–943 ......................................... 1994–953 ......................................... 1995–963 .........................................

3,559 3,601 3,638 3,632 3,688 3,706

2,141 2,157 2,169 2,190 2,215 2,244

1,418 1,444 1,469 1,442 1,473 1,462

1,567 1,598 1,624 1,625 1,641 1,655

595 599 600 604 605 608

972 999 1,024 1,021 1,036 1,047

1,992 2,003 2,014 2,007 2,047 2,051

1,546 1,558 1,569 1,586 1,610 1,636

446 445 445 421 437 415

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

269 329 2 334 2 363 355 2

420 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Institutions

t u t i t s n ITable 243. Degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2004–05—Continued All institutions Year

Public

Private

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Title IV eligible institutions, including branch campuses 1996–97........................................... 1997–98........................................... 1998–99........................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01...........................................

4,009 4,064 4,048 4,084 4,182

2,267 2,309 2,335 2,363 2,450

1,742 1,755 1,713 1,721 1,732

1,702 1,707 1,681 1,682 1,698

614 615 612 614 622

1,088 1,092 1,069 1,068 1,076

2,307 2,357 2,367 2,402 2,484

1,653 1,694 1,723 1,749 1,828

654 663 644 653 656

2001–02........................................... 2002–03........................................... 2003–04........................................... 2004–05...........................................

4,197 4,168 4,236 4,216

2,487 2,466 2,530 2,533

1,710 1,702 1,706 1,683

1,713 1,712 1,720 1,700

628 631 634 639

1,085 1,081 1,086 1,061

2,484 2,456 2,516 2,516

1,859 1,835 1,896 1,894

625 621 620 622

1

1Institutions

that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. 2 Large increases are due to the addition of schools accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges of Technology. 3Because of revised survey procedures, data are not entirely comparable with figures for earlier years. The number of branch campuses reporting separately has increased since 1986–87. NOTE: Title IV eligible institutions are postsecondary institutions that meet the criteria for participating in the federal student financial aid program. See Guide to Sources and

appendix B for more details. (Approximately 96 percent of all postsecondary institutions are Title IV eligible.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Education Directory, Colleges and Universities, 1949–50 through 1965–66; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Institutional Characteristics of Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1966–67 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Institutional Characteristics Survey” (IPEDSIC:86–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 421 Institutions

Table 244. Degree-granting institutions and branches, by type and control of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2004–05

State or jurisdiction 1

All public Total institutions

Public 4-year institutions Doctoral, Doctoral, Total extensive1 intensive2 Master’s3

Baccalaureate4

Other 4-year5

All Public private 2-year institutions

Private 4-year institutions Doctoral, Doctoral, BaccaTotal extensive1 intensive2 Master’s3 laureate4

Other 4-year5

Private 2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

United States .............

4,216

1,700

639

102

63

280

103

91

1,061

2,516

1,894

49

45

362

532

906

622

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

69 8 77 47 399

42 5 25 33 144

16 3 5 11 34

3 0 2 1 8

3 1 1 1 2

9 2 1 5 20

1 0 0 2 2

0 0 1 2 2

26 2 20 22 110

27 3 52 14 255

23 3 31 12 192

0 0 0 0 4

0 0 1 0 7

4 1 6 1 30

9 1 1 8 25

10 1 23 3 126

4 0 21 2 63

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

77 45 10 15 163

28 22 5 2 40

13 10 2 2 16

2 1 1 0 4

2 0 0 0 2

3 7 1 1 4

4 1 0 0 1

2 1 0 1 5

15 12 3 0 24

49 23 5 13 123

32 20 4 13 91

1 1 0 5 1

0 3 1 0 3

6 5 0 4 20

3 4 1 1 24

22 7 2 3 43

17 3 1 0 32

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

128 20 14 172 99

74 10 7 60 29

21 3 4 12 14

3 1 1 4 2

0 0 1 1 3

13 0 1 7 6

1 2 1 0 3

4 0 0 0 0

53 7 3 48 15

54 10 7 112 70

44 8 6 100 47

1 0 0 3 1

1 0 0 3 0

4 3 1 15 8

15 1 1 20 20

23 4 4 59 18

10 2 1 12 23

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

64 63 76 90 30

19 36 31 59 15

3 9 8 17 8

2 2 2 1 1

0 1 0 3 0

1 4 6 9 1

0 0 0 0 5

0 2 0 4 1

16 27 23 42 7

45 27 45 31 15

42 23 30 13 12

0 0 0 1 0

0 0 0 0 0

4 8 4 4 3

22 10 16 3 5

16 5 10 5 4

3 4 15 18 3

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

57 122 105 105 40

30 31 45 42 25

13 15 15 12 9

2 1 4 1 3

1 2 3 0 1

9 7 8 7 3

1 1 0 3 1

0 4 0 1 1

17 16 30 30 16

27 91 60 63 15

23 82 55 52 11

1 7 0 0 0

0 2 1 3 0

5 15 9 6 2

6 21 17 13 5

11 37 28 30 4

4 9 5 11 4

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

125 23 39 20 26

33 18 15 7 9

13 6 7 5 5

1 0 1 1 1

3 2 0 1 0

6 2 5 0 2

2 1 0 1 2

1 1 1 2 0

20 12 8 2 4

92 5 24 13 17

70 4 20 6 15

2 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 2

12 1 4 1 2

14 2 8 2 5

42 1 8 3 6

22 1 4 7 2

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

59 43 307 127 21

33 28 78 75 14

14 8 43 16 7

1 2 5 2 0

2 1 1 2 2

8 3 20 8 1

2 0 7 3 3

1 2 10 1 1

19 20 35 59 7

26 15 229 52 7

24 13 177 46 5

1 0 9 1 0

2 0 7 1 0

6 3 32 7 1

6 4 34 25 1

9 6 95 12 3

2 2 52 6 2

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ...................... South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

194 54 59 260 14 63 26 97 208 27

61 29 26 65 3 33 14 22 109 13

27 16 9 44 2 13 9 9 42 7

5 2 2 3 1 2 0 2 6 2

5 0 1 1 0 1 2 3 6 0

1 7 3 17 1 5 2 4 20 2

6 3 1 20 0 3 2 0 2 2

10 4 2 3 0 2 3 0 8 1

34 13 17 21 1 20 5 13 67 6

133 25 33 195 11 30 12 75 99 14

77 19 30 105 10 25 11 55 62 9

1 0 0 3 1 0 0 1 2 1

2 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 2 0

15 5 6 28 4 3 2 11 14 2

25 7 9 34 1 15 5 16 20 1

34 6 15 37 4 7 4 27 24 5

56 6 3 90 1 5 1 20 37 5

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

25 99 81 43 67 9

6 39 46 21 31 8

5 15 11 12 13 1

1 4 2 1 2 1

0 2 0 0 0 0

2 6 8 1 11 0

1 3 1 9 0 0

1 0 0 1 0 0

1 24 35 9 18 7

19 60 35 22 36 1

17 49 32 10 34 0

0 0 0 0 1 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

6 8 11 2 8 0

7 18 4 7 10 0

4 23 17 1 15 0

2 11 3 12 2 1

U.S. Service Schools ..........

5

5

5

0

0

0

0

5

0

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

Other jurisdictions ....

90

29

18

0

1

4

7

6

11

61

44

0

0

7

19

18

17

American Samoa ................ Federated States of Micronesia .................... Guam.................................. Marshall Islands.................. Northern Marianas ............. Palau................................... Puerto Rico......................... Virgin Islands ......................

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

4 3 1 1 1 77 2

4 2 1 1 1 17 2

0 1 0 1 0 14 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 0

0 1 0 0 0 1 2

0 0 0 0 0 7 0

0 0 0 1 0 5 0

4 1 1 0 1 3 0

0 1 0 0 0 60 0

0 1 0 0 0 43 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 7 0

0 0 0 0 0 19 0

0 1 0 0 0 17 0

0 0 0 0 0 17 0

†Not applicable. 1 Doctoral, extensive institutions are committed to graduate education through the doctorate, and award 50 or more doctor’s degrees per year across at least 15 disciplines. 2Doctoral, intensive institutions are committed to education through the doctorate and award at least 10 doctor’s degrees per year across 3 or more disciplines or at least 20 doctor’s degrees overall. 3Master’s institutions offer a full range of baccalaureate programs and are committed to education through the master’s degree. They award at least 20 master’s degrees per year. 4 Baccalaureate institutions primarily emphasize undergraduate education.

5Other

specialized 4-year institutions award degrees primarily in single fields of study, such as medicine, business, fine arts, theology, and engineering. Includes some institutions that have 4year programs, but have not reported sufficient data to identify program category. Also, includes institutions classified as 4-year under the IPEDS system, which had been classified as 2-year in the Carnegie classification system because they primarily award associate’s degrees. NOTE: New institutions that do not have sufficient data to report by detailed level are included under “other 4-year” or 2-year, depending on the level reported by the institution. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

422 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Institutions _

Table 245. Degree-granting institutions that have closed their doors, by control and type of institution: 1960–61 through 2004–05 All institutions Year

Public

Private

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Excluding branch campuses Total, 1960–61 to 1991–92....... 1960–61........................................... 1961–62........................................... 1962–63........................................... 1963–64........................................... 1964–65...........................................

343 8 2 0 7 8

179 1 1 0 1 1

164 7 1 0 6 7

38 1 0 0 1 4

1 0 0 0 0 0

37 1 0 0 1 4

305 7 2 0 6 4

178 1 1 0 1 1

127 6 1 0 5 3

1965–66........................................... 1966–67........................................... 1967–68........................................... 1968–69........................................... 1969–70...........................................

8 9 14 21 18

2 2 6 11 8

6 7 8 10 10

4 3 0 1 3

0 0 0 0 0

4 3 0 1 3

4 6 14 20 15

2 2 6 11 8

2 4 8 9 7

1970–71........................................... 1971–72........................................... 1972–73........................................... 1973–74........................................... 1974–75...........................................

32 12 19 18 17

9 3 12 11 13

23 9 7 7 4

9 3 2 0 3

0 0 0 0 0

9 3 2 0 3

23 9 17 18 14

9 3 12 11 13

14 6 5 7 1

1975–76........................................... 1976–77........................................... 1977–78........................................... 1978–79........................................... 1979–80...........................................

8 8 12 9 6

6 5 9 4 5

2 3 3 5 1

2 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0

6 8 12 9 6

5 5 9 4 5

1 3 3 5 1

1980–81........................................... 1981–82........................................... 1982–83........................................... 1983–84........................................... 1984–85...........................................

4 7 7 4 4

3 6 4 4 4

1 1 3 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

4 7 7 4 4

3 6 4 4 4

1 1 3 0 0

1985–86........................................... 1986–87 and 1987–88..................... 1988–89........................................... 1989–90........................................... 1990–91........................................... 1991–92...........................................

10 25 14 12 10 10

6 19 6 6 4 7

4 6 8 6 6 3

1 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 0 0

9 24 14 12 10 10

6 19 6 6 4 7

3 5 8 6 6 3

Including branch campuses Total, 1969–70 to 2004–05....... 1969–70........................................... 1970–71........................................... 1971–72........................................... 1972–73........................................... 1973–74...........................................

539 24 35 14 21 20

244 10 10 5 12 12

295 14 25 9 9 8

44 5 11 3 4 1

5 1 0 0 0 0

39 4 11 3 4 1

495 19 24 11 17 19

239 9 10 5 12 12

256 10 14 6 5 7

1974–75........................................... 1975–76........................................... 1976–77........................................... 1977–78........................................... 1978–79...........................................

18 9 9 12 9

13 7 6 9 4

5 2 3 3 5

4 2 0 0 0

0 1 0 0 0

4 1 0 0 0

14 7 9 12 9

13 6 6 9 4

1 1 3 3 5

1979–80........................................... 1980–81........................................... 1981–82........................................... 1982–83........................................... 1983–84...........................................

6 4 7 7 5

5 3 6 4 5

1 1 1 3 0

0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0

6 4 7 7 4

5 3 6 4 4

1 1 1 3 0

1984–85........................................... 1985–86........................................... 1986–87 and 1987–88..................... 1988–89........................................... 1989–90...........................................

4 12 26 14 19

4 8 19 6 8

0 4 7 8 11

0 1 1 0 0

0 1 0 0 0

0 0 1 0 0

4 11 25 14 19

4 7 19 6 8

0 4 6 8 11

1990–91........................................... 1991–92........................................... 1992–93........................................... 1993–94........................................... 1994–95...........................................

18 26 24 38 15

6 8 6 10 8

12 18 18 28 7

0 1 0 1 2

0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 1 2

18 25 24 37 13

6 8 6 10 8

12 17 18 27 5

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 423 Institutions

Table 245. Degree-granting institutions that have closed their doors, by control and type of institution: 1960–61 through 2004–05—Continued All institutions Year

Public

Private

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1995–96........................................... 1996–97........................................... 1997–98........................................... 1998–99........................................... 1999–2000.......................................

21 36 5 7 16

8 13 0 1 3

13 23 5 6 13

1 2 0 1 3

1 0 0 0 0

0 2 0 1 3

20 34 5 6 13

7 13 0 1 3

13 21 5 5 10

2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03........................................... 2003–04........................................... 2004–05...........................................

14 15 13 13 3

9 2 7 6 1

5 13 6 7 2

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

14 15 13 13 3

9 2 7 6 1

5 13 6 7 2

1

NOTE: This table indicates the year in which the institution closed. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Data for 1960–61 to 1995–96 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees

2-year

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Education Directory, Higher Education, 1960–61 through 1974–75; Education Directory, Colleges and Universities, 1975–76 through 1983–84; 1982–83 Supplement to the Education Directory, Colleges and Universities, 1983; and 1986–87 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Institutional Characteristics Survey” (IPEDS-IC:86–99), and Spring 2000 through Spring 2005. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

424 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees _

s e e r g eTable D 246. Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2013–14 Associate’s degrees Year

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees1

First-professional degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

1869–70.................. 1879–80.................. 1889–90.................. 1899–1900.............. 1909–10..................

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

1,378 2 2,485 2 2,682 2 5,237 2 8,437

0 879 1,015 1,583 2,113

0 868 821 1,280 1,555

0 11 194 303 558

( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3)

( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3)

( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3)

1 54 149 382 443

1 51 147 359 399

0 3 2 23 44

1919–20.................. 1929–30.................. 1939–40.................. 1949–50.................. 1959–60..................

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

1960–61.................. 1961–62.................. 1962–63.................. 1963–64.................. 1964–65..................

— — — — —

— — — — —

1965–66.................. 1966–67.................. 1967–68.................. 1968–69.................. 1969–70..................

111,607 139,183 159,441 183,279 206,023

1970–71.................. 1971–72.................. 1972–73.................. 1973–74.................. 1974–75..................

1

2

2

2

9,371 2 12,896 2 15,539 2 27,410 2 37,199

7,993 2 10,411 2 12,857 2 22,173 2 28,762

2 48,622

2 31,980

2 16,642

2

2

122,484 2 186,500 2 432,058 2 392,440

73,615 2 109,546 2 328,841 2 254,063

48,869 2 76,954 2 103,217 2 138,377

4,279 14,969 26,731 58,183 74,435

2,985 8,925 16,508 41,220 50,898

1,294 6,044 10,223 16,963 23,537

( 3) ( 3) (3 ) ( 3) ( 3)

( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3)

( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3)

615 2,299 3,290 6,420 9,829

522 1,946 2,861 5,804 8,801

93 353 429 616 1,028

— — — — —

365,174 383,961 411,420 461,266 493,757

224,538 230,456 241,309 265,349 282,173

140,636 153,505 170,111 195,917 211,584

84,609 91,418 98,684 109,183 121,167

57,830 62,603 67,302 73,850 81,319

26,779 28,815 31,382 35,333 39,848

25,253 25,607 26,590 27,209 28,290

24,577 24,836 25,753 26,357 27,283

676 771 837 852 1,007

10,575 11,622 12,822 14,490 16,467

9,463 10,377 11,448 12,955 14,692

1,112 1,245 1,374 1,535 1,775

63,779 78,356 90,317 105,661 117,432

47,828 60,827 69,124 77,618 88,591

520,115 558,534 632,289 728,845 792,316

299,287 322,711 357,682 410,595 451,097

220,828 235,823 274,607 318,250 341,219

140,602 157,726 176,749 193,756 208,291

93,081 103,109 113,552 121,531 125,624

47,521 54,617 63,197 72,225 82,667

30,124 31,695 33,939 35,114 34,918

28,982 30,401 32,402 33,595 33,077

1,142 1,294 1,537 1,519 1,841

18,237 20,617 23,089 26,158 29,866

16,121 18,163 20,183 22,722 25,890

2,116 2,454 2,906 3,436 3,976

252,311 292,014 316,174 343,924 360,171

144,144 166,227 175,413 188,591 191,017

108,167 125,787 140,761 155,333 169,154

839,730 887,273 922,362 945,776 922,933

475,594 500,590 518,191 527,313 504,841

364,136 386,683 404,171 418,463 418,092

230,509 251,633 263,371 277,033 292,450

138,146 149,550 154,468 157,842 161,570

92,363 102,083 108,903 119,191 130,880

37,946 43,411 50,018 53,816 55,916

35,544 40,723 46,489 48,530 48,956

2,402 2,688 3,529 5,286 6,960

32,107 33,363 34,777 33,816 34,083

27,530 28,090 28,571 27,365 26,817

4,577 5,273 6,206 6,451 7,266

1975–76.................. 1976–77.................. 1977–78.................. 1978–79.................. 1979–80..................

391,454 406,377 412,246 402,702 400,910

209,996 210,842 204,718 192,091 183,737

181,458 195,535 207,528 210,611 217,173

925,746 919,549 921,204 921,390 929,417

504,925 495,545 487,347 477,344 473,611

420,821 424,004 433,857 444,046 455,806

311,771 317,164 311,620 301,079 298,081

167,248 167,783 161,212 153,370 150,749

144,523 149,381 150,408 147,709 147,332

62,649 64,359 66,581 68,848 70,131

52,892 52,374 52,270 52,652 52,716

9,757 11,985 14,311 16,196 17,415

34,064 33,232 32,131 32,730 32,615

26,267 25,142 23,658 23,541 22,943

7,797 8,090 8,473 9,189 9,672

1980–81.................. 1981–82.................. 1982–83.................. 1983–84.................. 1984–85..................

416,377 434,526 449,620 452,240 454,712

188,638 196,944 203,991 202,704 202,932

227,739 237,582 245,629 249,536 251,780

935,140 952,998 969,510 974,309 979,477

469,883 473,364 479,140 482,319 482,528

465,257 479,634 490,370 491,990 496,949

295,739 295,546 289,921 284,263 286,251

147,043 145,532 144,697 143,595 143,390

148,696 150,014 145,224 140,668 142,861

71,956 72,032 73,054 74,468 75,063

52,792 52,223 51,250 51,378 50,455

19,164 19,809 21,804 23,090 24,608

32,958 32,707 32,775 33,209 32,943

22,711 22,224 21,902 22,064 21,700

10,247 10,483 10,873 11,145 11,243

1985–86.................. 1986–87.................. 1987–88.................. 1988–89.................. 1989–90..................

446,047 436,304 435,085 436,764 455,102

196,166 190,839 190,047 186,316 191,195

249,881 987,823 245,465 991,264 245,038 994,829 250,448 1,018,755 263,907 1,051,344

485,923 480,782 477,203 483,346 491,696

501,900 510,482 517,626 535,409 559,648

288,567 289,349 299,317 310,621 324,301

143,508 141,269 145,163 149,354 153,653

145,059 148,080 154,154 161,267 170,648

73,910 71,617 70,735 70,856 70,988

49,261 46,523 45,484 45,046 43,961

24,649 25,094 25,251 25,810 27,027

33,653 34,041 34,870 35,720 38,371

21,819 22,061 22,615 22,648 24,401

11,834 11,980 12,255 13,072 13,970

1990–91.................. 1991–92.................. 1992–93.................. 1993–94.................. 1994–95..................

481,720 504,231 514,756 530,632 539,691

198,634 207,481 211,964 215,261 218,352

283,086 296,750 302,792 315,371 321,339

1,094,538 1,136,553 1,165,178 1,169,275 1,160,134

504,045 520,811 532,881 532,422 526,131

590,493 615,742 632,297 636,853 634,003

337,168 352,838 369,585 387,070 397,629

156,482 161,842 169,258 176,085 178,598

180,686 190,996 200,327 210,985 219,031

71,948 74,146 75,387 75,418 75,800

43,846 45,071 45,153 44,707 44,853

28,102 29,075 30,234 30,711 30,947

39,294 40,659 42,132 43,185 44,446

24,756 25,557 26,073 26,552 26,916

14,538 15,102 16,059 16,633 17,530

1995–96.................. 1996–97.................. 1997–98.................. 1998–994 ................ 1999–2000..............

555,216 571,226 558,555 559,954 564,933

219,514 223,948 217,613 218,417 224,721

335,702 347,278 340,942 341,537 340,212

1,164,792 1,172,879 1,184,406 1,200,303 1,237,875

522,454 520,515 519,956 518,746 530,367

642,338 652,364 664,450 681,557 707,508

406,301 419,401 430,164 439,986 457,056

179,081 180,947 184,375 186,148 191,792

227,220 238,454 245,789 253,838 265,264

76,734 78,730 78,598 78,439 80,057

44,748 45,564 44,911 44,339 44,239

31,986 33,166 33,687 34,100 35,818

44,652 45,876 46,010 44,077 44,808

26,841 27,146 26,664 25,146 25,028

17,811 18,730 19,346 18,931 19,780

2000–01.................. 2001–02.................. 2002–03.................. 2003–04.................. 2004–055 ................

578,865 595,133 632,912 665,301 668,000

231,645 238,109 253,060 260,033 257,000

347,220 357,024 379,852 405,268 411,000

1,244,171 1,291,900 1,348,503 1,399,542 1,416,000

531,840 549,816 573,079 595,425 584,000

712,331 742,084 775,424 804,117 832,000

468,476 482,118 512,645 558,940 562,000

194,351 199,120 211,381 229,545 224,000

274,125 282,998 301,264 329,395 338,000

79,707 80,698 80,810 83,041 85,000

42,862 42,507 41,834 42,169 42,000

36,845 38,191 38,976 40,872 43,000

44,904 44,160 46,024 48,378 47,200

24,728 23,708 24,341 25,323 24,600

20,176 20,452 21,683 23,055 22,600

2

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 425 Degrees

s e e r g eTable D 246. Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1869–70 through 2013–14—Continued Associate’s degrees Year

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees1

First-professional degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

2005–065 ................ 2006–075 ................ 2007–085 ................ 2008–095 ................ 2009–105 ................

668,000 676,000 689,000 705,000 719,000

256,000 258,000 262,000 266,000 271,000

412,000 418,000 427,000 438,000 448,000

1,431,000 1,449,000 1,475,000 1,507,000 1,538,000

586,000 590,000 598,000 608,000 618,000

845,000 859,000 877,000 898,000 920,000

580,000 596,000 615,000 634,000 650,000

229,000 236,000 243,000 249,000 255,000

350,000 361,000 373,000 384,000 395,000

87,600 89,600 91,600 93,700 95,700

42,700 43,300 43,800 44,500 45,200

44,900 46,400 47,800 49,200 50,500

48,500 49,500 50,200 50,600 51,100

25,100 25,600 25,700 25,800 25,900

23,300 24,000 24,400 24,800 25,200

2010–115 ................ 2011–125 ................ 2012–135 ................ 2013–145 ................

728,000 731,000 733,000 735,000

273,000 274,000 275,000 275,000

454,000 457,000 458,000 460,000

1,558,000 1,570,000 1,578,000 1,582,000

625,000 629,000 632,000 633,000

933,000 941,000 946,000 949,000

661,000 671,000 680,000 693,000

260,000 264,000 269,000 275,000

402,000 407,000 411,000 418,000

97,200 98,500 99,600 99,000

45,700 46,200 46,700 47,300

51,500 52,300 52,900 53,700

51,800 52,700 53,800 54,900

26,100 26,400 26,900 27,300

25,700 26,200 26,900 27,600

1

—Not available. 1Includes Ph.D., Ed.D., and comparable degrees at the doctoral level. Excludes first-professional, such as M.D., D.D.S., and law degrees. 2Includes first-professional degrees. 3First-professional degrees are included with bachelor’s degrees. 4 Data for 1998–99 were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) 5Projected. NOTE: Data for 1869–70 to 1994–95 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The

Females

new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1869–70 through 1964–65; Projections of Education Statistics to 2014; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1965–66 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDSC:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

426 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 247. Associate’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by field of study: 1992–93 through 2003–04 Field of study 1

1992–93

1993–94

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98 1998–991 1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Total.........................................................................

514,756

530,632

539,691

555,216

571,226

558,555

559,954

564,933

578,865

595,133

632,912

665,301

Agriculture and natural resources, total ........................... Agriculture, agriculture operations, and related sciences................................................................. Natural resources and conservation ............................ Architecture and related services .................................... Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies .......................

5,383

5,625

5,730

6,182

6,463

6,673

6,632

6,666

6,649

6,494

6,208

6,283

4,044 1,339 372 33

4,294 1,331 353 75

4,393 1,337 277 68

4,723 1,459 256 110

5,021 1,442 316 82

5,206 1,467 265 97

5,220 1,412 405 85

5,292 1,374 392 113

5,200 1,449 417 73

5,125 1,369 443 94

4,890 1,318 440 126

4,959 1,324 492 105

Biological and biomedical sciences ................................. Business, management, and marketing .......................... Accounting ................................................................... Business, general ........................................................ Business administration and management.................. Business and management, other ............................... Management information systems ............................... Secretarial and related programs ................................

1,449 92,676 15,115 11,190 29,556 19,810 3,048 13,957

1,789 91,612 15,307 11,452 29,691 18,310 3,094 13,758

1,861 89,162 14,970 11,622 28,967 11,232 3,884 18,487

2,049 90,945 15,926 11,397 28,901 15,910 4,539 14,272

2,133 92,228 16,017 11,385 29,804 15,197 4,936 14,889

2,113 87,672 14,807 11,311 28,793 14,148 4,261 14,352

2,213 86,964 14,325 11,514 28,615 14,027 4,526 13,957

1,448 86,106 13,562 12,283 28,486 13,398 5,394 12,983

1,443 87,059 13,158 12,621 28,947 13,122 6,016 13,195

1,534 86,713 12,315 12,936 30,268 13,269 6,417 11,508

1,496 89,564 13,234 13,010 33,024 13,352 5,602 11,342

1,456 92,065 14,506 13,387 33,652 14,909 4,214 11,397

Communications.............................................................. Communications technologies......................................... Computer and information sciences ................................ Construction trades .........................................................

1,904 2,692 12,473 1,653

2,052 3,420 12,630 1,695

3,160 3,035 12,230 1,728

2,187 2,807 12,500 2,141

2,030 2,863 14,607 1,928

2,368 2,642 18,185 2,172

2,639 2,528 22,445 2,137

2,754 2,625 28,185 2,337

2,949 3,038 34,356 2,682

2,819 3,006 40,127 2,639

2,602 3,300 46,089 3,001

2,444 3,401 41,845 3,560

Education......................................................................... Engineering ..................................................................... Engineering-related technologies .................................... English language and literature/letters ............................

9,358 2,448 43,084 619

9,301 2,381 42,453 697

9,691 2,191 41,438 895

9,809 2,158 40,447 813

10,587 1,921 41,349 892

9,461 2,118 40,784 1,035

10,165 2,012 42,362 1,032

8,510 1,722 43,732 947

9,533 1,795 42,366 877

9,611 1,691 40,217 864

11,199 2,176 39,957 896

12,465 2,737 36,915 828

Family and consumer sciences ....................................... Foreign languages and literatures ...................................

6,499 1,510

6,960 1,447

7,234 1,694

7,651 1,612

7,998 1,768

7,811 1,674

8,063 1,705

8,031 1,059

8,329 1,100

9,208 1,085

9,471 1,050

9,478 1,047

Health professions and related sciences ......................... Dental assisting ........................................................... Emergency medical technician-ambulance and paramedic .............................................................. Medical lab technician ................................................. Medical assisting ......................................................... Nursing assisting ......................................................... Practical nursing .......................................................... Nursing, R.N. and other ............................................... Health sciences, other .................................................

87,671 4,165

96,597 3,989

100,714 4,312

104,775 4,564

102,077 4,866

94,940 4,904

93,218 6,628

86,676 5,569

84,656 5,193

82,361 5,223

90,536 5,466

106,208 5,652

442 2,172 2,130 86 890 54,079 23,707

510 2,570 2,785 6 740 57,397 28,600

771 2,769 3,544 2 772 57,456 31,088

889 2,982 4,941 7 605 56,469 34,318

1,048 2,641 5,019 13 429 52,983 35,078

975 2,370 5,102 23 499 47,329 33,738

918 2,033 5,358 12 447 43,029 34,793

1,152 1,644 5,414 7 575 40,767 31,548

1,134 1,502 5,863 2 619 40,278 30,065

1,203 1,384 4,748 0 814 40,800 28,189

1,398 1,494 5,846 8 916 45,044 30,364

1,617 1,678 8,499 4 1,049 51,552 36,157

Legal professions and studies ......................................... Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ................................................................. Library science ................................................................

9,927

10,905

11,147

11,916

11,242

9,890

9,133

8,842

8,119

7,815

8,390

9,466

158,040 85

165,106 118

170,817 101

174,970 94

181,341 126

186,248 96

181,977 86

187,454 98

196,843 103

207,163 96

216,814 87

227,650 114

Mathematics .................................................................... Mechanics and repairers ................................................. Military technologies ........................................................ Multi/interdisciplinary studies...........................................

743 10,981 52 8,504

704 11,348 265 8,450

782 11,503 364 8,719

758 12,519 556 8,619

792 12,126 556 9,182

844 10,576 22 9,402

823 10,781 42 8,661

675 11,678 65 11,784

695 12,689 120 10,439

685 12,063 62 13,205

732 11,994 85 14,067

801 12,553 293 14,794

Parks, recreation, leisure, and fitness studies ................. Personal and culinary services........................................ Philosophy and religion.................................................... Physical sciences and science technologies ................... Physical sciences......................................................... Science technologies................................................... Precision production trades ............................................. Psychology ...................................................................... Public administration and social services ........................

693 4,694 111 2,241 1,390 851 1,569 1,237 3,301

731 5,177 82 2,546 1,567 979 1,611 1,377 3,696

829 5,627 81 2,456 1,645 811 1,601 1,600 3,882

897 7,720 84 2,612 1,749 863 1,727 1,583 4,218

885 8,172 91 2,526 1,728 798 1,773 1,612 4,270

840 7,648 101 2,286 1,584 702 1,929 1,765 4,156

819 8,933 297 2,399 1,679 720 2,201 1,625 3,881

819 9,203 209 2,460 1,350 1,110 2,308 1,455 3,656

790 9,786 299 2,337 1,207 1,130 2,256 1,554 3,333

764 9,325 359 2,308 1,346 962 2,260 1,705 3,323

811 12,593 379 2,190 1,141 1,049 2,279 1,784 3,533

923 14,239 404 2,676 1,588 1,088 1,968 1,887 3,728

Security and protective services...................................... Criminal justice and corrections................................... Fire control and safety ................................................. Security and protective services, other........................ Social sciences and history ............................................. Social sciences ............................................................ History..........................................................................

16,834 14,295 2,020 519 3,930 3,656 274

18,199 15,262 2,243 694 3,936 3,635 301

19,709 16,584 2,447 678 3,634 3,349 285

19,196 15,990 2,523 683 4,021 3,727 294

19,889 16,644 2,638 607 4,056 3,741 315

19,002 15,915 2,480 607 4,196 3,910 286

17,430 14,448 2,395 587 4,550 4,254 296

16,298 13,487 2,364 447 5,136 4,812 324

16,425 13,589 2,346 490 5,132 4,877 255

16,689 13,603 2,619 467 5,593 5,304 289

18,571 15,136 2,917 518 5,738 5,422 316

20,573 17,040 3,012 521 6,245 5,875 370

Theology and religious vocations .................................... Transportation and material moving workers ...................

508 2,190

641 1,900

607 1,434

608 1,551

574 1,572

570 977

476 1,101

636 956

576 1,028

414 1,122

425 1,202

492 1,217

Visual and performing arts .............................................. Fine arts, general......................................................... Design and music ........................................................ Visual and performing arts, other................................. Not classified by field of study .........................................

12,690 1,346 9,699 1,645 6,602

13,227 1,473 10,173 1,581 1,526

12,544 1,420 9,805 1,319 1,146

13,534 1,515 10,579 1,440 1,591

13,593 1,516 10,459 1,618 7,606

14,980 1,281 11,591 2,108 3,017

17,640 3,029 12,026 2,585 2,494

17,100 1,314 12,780 3,006 2,798

18,435 1,435 14,410 2,590 584

20,911 1,521 16,388 3,002 365

23,127 1,763 18,503 2,861 0

23,949 1,326 18,836 3,787 0

1Data were imputed for 1998–99 using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1992–93 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:93–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 427 Degrees

Table 248. Associate’s degrees and other subbaccalaureate awards conferred by degree-granting institutions, by length of curriculum, sex of student, and field of study: 2003–04 Less-than-1-year awards Field of study 1

1- to less-than-4-year awards

Associate’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Total..................................................................................

210,368

94,468

115,900

169,497

68,655

100,842

665,301

260,033

405,268

Agriculture and natural resources, total .................................... Agriculture, agriculture operations, and related sciences ..... Natural resources and conservation ..................................... Architecture and related services ............................................. Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies ................................

3,258 2,572 686 124 316

2,324 1,686 638 55 67

934 886 48 69 249

1,851 1,738 113 172 94

1,121 1,039 82 54 23

730 699 31 118 71

6,283 4,959 1,324 492 105

3,928 2,926 1,002 180 40

2,355 2,033 322 312 65

Biological and biomedical sciences .......................................... Business, management, and marketing ................................... Accounting ............................................................................ Business, general ................................................................. Business administration and management........................... Business and management, other ........................................ Management information systems ........................................ Secretarial and related programs .........................................

36 26,882 3,683 1,265 5,314 9,061 715 6,844

9 8,368 621 723 2,093 3,385 422 1,124

27 18,514 3,062 542 3,221 5,676 293 5,720

31 18,555 3,839 1,285 3,264 2,694 758 6,715

9 4,068 656 496 1,187 935 370 424

22 14,487 3,183 789 2,077 1,759 388 6,291

1,456 92,065 14,506 13,387 33,652 14,909 4,214 11,397

471 27,910 2,843 4,932 12,239 4,874 2,125 897

985 64,155 11,663 8,455 21,413 10,035 2,089 10,500

Communications....................................................................... Communications technologies.................................................. Computer and information sciences ......................................... Construction trades ..................................................................

342 722 12,853 5,661

134 439 7,861 5,361

208 283 4,992 300

185 1,014 9,559 7,092

117 549 5,861 6,780

68 465 3,698 312

2,444 3,401 41,845 3,560

1,188 1,926 28,717 3,360

1,256 1,475 13,128 200

Education.................................................................................. Engineering .............................................................................. Engineering-related technologies ............................................. English language and literature/letters .....................................

2,700 102 6,969 430

343 74 5,820 135

2,357 28 1,149 295

2,039 93 7,909 153

176 70 6,820 39

1,863 23 1,089 114

12,465 2,737 36,915 828

2,198 2,160 31,452 266

10,267 577 5,463 562

Family and consumer sciences ................................................ Foreign languages and literatures ............................................

9,025 544

1,223 139

7,802 405

3,708 325

554 22

3,154 303

9,478 1,047

394 180

9,084 867

Health professions and related sciences .................................. Dental assisting .................................................................... Emergency medical technician-ambulance and paramedic.. Medical lab technician .......................................................... Medical assisting .................................................................. Nursing assisting .................................................................. Practical nursing ................................................................... Nursing, R.N. and other ........................................................ Health sciences, other ..........................................................

77,640 1,978 12,609 286 10,708 22,430 965 1,989 26,675

16,283 117 8,400 34 824 2,427 96 173 4,212

61,357 1,861 4,209 252 9,884 20,003 869 1,816 22,463

65,429 4,411 2,240 676 9,853 330 23,291 2,782 21,846

8,307 229 1,602 389 554 25 1,968 329 3,211

57,122 4,182 638 287 9,299 305 21,323 2,453 18,635

106,208 5,652 1,617 1,678 8,499 4 1,049 51,552 36,157

13,837 218 1,071 371 497 1 96 5,342 6,241

92,371 5,434 546 1,307 8,002 3 953 46,210 29,916

Legal professions and studies .................................................. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ..... Library science .........................................................................

1,701 211 214

265 46 14

1,436 165 200

2,620 3,166 82

321 1,211 12

2,299 1,955 70

9,466 227,650 114

939 83,216 13

8,527 144,434 101

Mathematics ............................................................................. Mechanics and repairers .......................................................... Military technologies ................................................................. Multi/interdisciplinary studies....................................................

45 13,118 76 393

35 12,142 44 168

10 976 32 225

8 20,361 0 348

6 19,496 0 96

2 865 0 252

801 12,553 293 14,794

502 11,825 240 6,404

299 728 53 8,390

Parks, recreation, leisure, and fitness studies .......................... Personal and culinary services................................................. Philosophy and religion............................................................. Physical sciences and science technologies ............................ Physical sciences.................................................................. Science technologies............................................................ Precision production trades ...................................................... Psychology ............................................................................... Public administration and social services .................................

287 6,792 14 325 155 170 4,583 143 786

150 1,975 2 188 84 104 4,323 26 129

137 4,817 12 137 71 66 260 117 657

138 9,009 46 245 15 230 4,987 30 475

69 1,957 26 140 9 131 4,744 2 91

69 7,052 20 105 6 99 243 28 384

923 14,239 404 2,676 1,588 1,088 1,968 1,887 3,728

540 7,810 104 1,540 896 644 1,828 434 444

383 6,429 300 1,136 692 444 140 1,453 3,284

Security and protective services............................................... Criminal justice and corrections............................................ Fire control and safety .......................................................... Security and protective services, other................................. Social sciences and history ...................................................... Social sciences ..................................................................... History...................................................................................

19,966 15,196 4,508 262 222 222 0

15,219 10,895 4,198 126 109 109 0

4,747 4,301 310 136 113 113 0

4,844 3,665 981 198 108 107 1

3,394 2,377 934 83 57 57 0

1,450 1,288 47 115 51 50 1

20,573 17,040 3,012 521 6,245 5,875 370

12,002 8,945 2,785 272 2,088 1,883 205

8,571 8,095 227 249 4,157 3,992 165

Theology and religious vocations ............................................. Transportation and material moving workers ............................

79 11,588

31 9,941

48 1,647

456 881

229 800

227 81

492 1,217

220 1,035

272 182

Visual and performing arts ....................................................... Fine arts, general.................................................................. Design and music ................................................................. Visual and performing arts, other..........................................

2,221 69 1,527 625

1,026 18 731 277

1,195 51 796 348

3,484 103 3,037 344

1,434 39 1,250 145

2,050 64 1,787 199

23,949 1,326 18,836 3,787

10,642 484 8,223 1,935

13,307 842 10,613 1,852

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 249. Bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by discipline division: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2003–04 Discipline division 1

1970–71

1975–76

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1993–94

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991 1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Total..............................................................

839,730

925,746

935,140

987,823

1,094,538

1,169,275

1,160,134

1,164,792

1,172,879

1,184,406

1,200,303

1,237,875

1,244,171

1,291,900

1,348,503

1,399,542

Agriculture and natural resources......................... Architecture and related services ......................... Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies ............

12,672 5,570 2,579

19,402 9,146 3,577

21,886 9,455 2,887

16,823 9,119 3,021

13,124 9,781 4,776

18,056 8,975 5,435

19,832 8,756 5,511

21,425 8,352 5,633

22,597 7,944 5,692

23,276 7,652 5,976

23,916 8,246 6,009

24,238 8,462 6,212

23,370 8,480 6,160

23,331 8,808 6,390

23,294 9,054 6,629

22,835 8,838 7,181

Biological and biomedical sciences ...................... Business ...............................................................

35,683 115,396

54,085 143,171

43,003 200,521

38,320 236,700

39,377 249,165

51,157 246,265

55,790 233,895

60,750 226,623

63,679 225,934

65,583 232,079

64,608 240,947

63,005 256,070

59,865 263,515

59,415 278,217

60,072 293,545

61,509 307,149

Communication, journalism, and related programs ........................................................ Communications technologies.............................. Computer and information sciences .....................

10,324 478 2,388

20,045 1,237 5,652

29,428 1,854 15,121

41,666 1,479 42,337

51,650 1,397 25,159

51,164 869 24,527

48,104 865 24,737

47,320 853 24,506

47,230 664 25,422

49,385 878 27,829

51,384 1,076 30,574

55,760 1,298 37,788

58,013 1,178 44,142

62,791 1,245 50,365

67,859 1,933 57,439

70,968 2,034 59,488

Education.............................................................. Engineering .......................................................... Engineering technologies ..................................... English language and literature/letters .................

176,307 45,034 5,148 63,914

154,437 38,733 7,943 41,452

108,074 63,642 11,713 31,922

87,147 77,391 19,731 34,083

110,807 62,448 17,303 51,064

107,440 62,247 16,415 53,150

105,929 62,331 16,238 51,170

105,384 62,257 15,829 49,928

105,116 61,418 14,339 48,641

105,833 60,252 14,397 49,016

107,086 58,260 14,405 49,800

108,034 58,822 14,597 50,106

105,458 58,315 14,660 50,569

106,295 59,627 15,052 52,375

105,790 62,611 14,656 53,670

106,278 63,558 14,669 53,984

Family and consumer sciences/human sciences Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics......

11,167 20,988

17,409 17,068

18,370 11,638

13,847 11,550

13,920 13,937

14,432 15,242

14,081 14,558

14,353 14,832

14,886 14,487

15,654 15,279

16,059 15,821

16,321 15,886

16,421 16,128

16,938 16,258

18,166 16,901

19,172 17,754

Health professions and related clinical sciences ..

25,223

53,885

63,665

65,309

59,875

75,890

81,596

86,087

87,997

86,843

85,214

80,863

75,933

72,887

71,223

73,934

Legal professions and studies .............................. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ............................................... Library science .....................................................

545

531

776

1,223

1,827

2,233

2,127

2,123

2,083

2,079

1,960

1,969

1,991

2,003

2,466

2,841

7,481 1,013

18,855 843

21,643 375

21,336 155

30,526 90

33,397 62

33,356 50

33,997 58

34,776 48

33,202 73

34,772 78

36,104 154

37,962 52

39,333 74

40,221 99

42,106 72

Mathematics and statistics ................................... Military technologies ............................................. Multi/interdisciplinary studies................................

24,801 357 6,346

15,984 952 13,778

11,078 42 13,061

16,122 255 13,829

14,393 183 17,879

14,171 19 25,652

13,494 27 26,598

12,713 7 27,149

12,401 4 26,887

11,795 3 26,960

11,966 2 27,545

11,418 7 28,561

11,171 21 27,189

11,950 3 28,943

12,493 6 28,757

13,327 10 29,162

Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ....... Philosophy and religious studies .......................... Physical sciences and science technologies ........ Precision production ............................................. Psychology ........................................................... Public administration and social services .............

1,621 8,149 21,410 0 38,187 5,466

5,182 8,447 21,458 0 50,278 15,440

5,729 6,776 23,936 0 41,068 16,707

4,623 6,396 21,711 2 40,628 11,887

4,315 7,423 16,334 2 58,655 14,350

10,821 7,684 18,392 2 69,419 17,815

12,037 7,471 19,161 1 72,233 18,586

12,974 7,541 19,627 12 73,416 19,849

14,246 7,832 19,496 19 74,308 20,649

15,422 8,384 19,362 52 74,107 20,408

16,532 8,506 18,285 43 73,636 20,287

17,571 8,535 18,331 33 74,194 20,185

17,948 8,717 17,919 31 73,645 19,447

18,885 9,473 17,799 47 76,775 19,392

21,428 10,344 17,940 42 78,613 19,878

22,164 11,152 17,983 61 82,098 20,552

Security and protective services........................... Social sciences and history ..................................

2,045 155,324

12,507 126,396

13,707 100,513

12,704 93,840

16,806 125,107

23,009 133,680

24,157 128,154

24,810 126,479

25,165 124,891

25,076 125,040

24,601 124,658

24,877 127,101

25,211 128,036

25,536 132,874

26,189 143,218

28,175 150,357

Theology and religious vocations ......................... Transportation and materials moving....................

3,720 0

5,490 225

5,808 263

5,510 1,838

4,799 2,622

5,377 3,923

5,555 3,698

5,292 3,561

5,542 3,547

5,855 3,206

6,235 3,383

6,789 3,395

6,945 3,748

7,762 4,020

7,926 4,567

8,126 4,824

Visual and performing arts ................................... Not classified by field of study ..............................

30,394 0

42,138 0

40,479 0

37,241 0

42,186 13,258

49,053 3,302

48,690 1,346

49,296 1,756

50,083 4,856

52,077 1,373

54,404 5

58,791 2,398

61,148 783

66,773 264

71,474 0

77,181 0

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: The new Classification of Instructional Programs was initiated in 2002–03. The figures for earlier years have been reclassified when necessary to make them conform to the new taxonomy. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS “Completions Survey”: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agriculture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; “Business” includes Business, management, marketing, and related support services and Personal and culinary services; and

“Engineering technologies” includes Engineering technologies/technicians, Construction trades, and Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1990–91 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:91–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

428 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

_

Table 250. Master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by discipline division: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2003–04 Discipline division 1

1970–71

1975–76

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1993–94

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991 1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

230,509

311,771

295,739

288,567

337,168

387,070

397,629

406,301

419,401

430,164

439,986

457,056

468,476

482,118

512,645

558,940

Agriculture and natural resources......................... Architecture and related services ......................... Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies ............

2,457 1,705 1,032

3,340 3,215 993

4,003 3,153 802

3,801 3,260 915

3,295 3,490 1,233

4,110 3,943 1,573

4,234 3,923 1,585

4,551 3,993 1,652

4,505 4,034 1,547

4,464 4,347 1,528

4,404 4,172 1,438

4,360 4,268 1,544

4,272 4,302 1,555

4,503 4,566 1,541

4,492 4,925 1,509

4,783 5,424 1,683

Biological and biomedical sciences ...................... Business ...............................................................

5,623 26,490

6,453 42,592

5,759 57,888

5,043 66,676

4,796 78,255

5,390 93,285

5,824 93,540

6,544 93,554

6,925 97,204

6,788 101,652

6,913 107,477

6,781 111,532

6,955 115,602

6,937 119,725

6,990 127,545

7,657 139,347

Communication, journalism, and related programs ........................................................ Communications technologies.............................. Computer and information sciences .....................

1,770 86 1,588

2,961 165 2,603

2,896 209 4,218

3,500 308 8,070

4,123 204 9,324

5,005 383 10,568

5,142 417 10,595

5,080 481 10,579

5,227 325 10,513

5,611 486 11,765

5,293 263 12,858

5,169 356 14,990

5,218 427 16,911

5,510 470 17,173

6,053 442 19,503

6,535 365 20,143

Education.............................................................. Engineering .......................................................... Engineering technologies ..................................... English language and literature/letters .................

87,666 16,813 134 10,441

126,061 16,472 328 8,599

96,713 16,893 323 5,742

74,816 21,529 617 5,335

87,352 24,454 996 6,784

97,427 28,293 1,879 7,611

99,835 28,137 1,894 7,612

104,936 26,892 2,054 7,657

108,720 25,168 1,938 7,487

113,374 25,146 2,181 7,587

118,048 24,734 2,004 7,288

123,045 24,850 1,876 7,022

127,829 25,259 2,013 6,763

135,189 24,908 2,149 7,097

147,448 28,337 2,332 7,413

162,345 32,698 2,499 7,956

Family and consumer sciences/human sciences Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics......

1,452 5,480

2,179 4,432

2,570 2,934

2,011 2,690

1,541 3,049

1,559 3,612

1,702 3,439

1,712 3,443

1,846 3,361

1,838 3,181

1,736 3,106

1,882 3,037

1,838 3,035

1,683 3,075

1,610 3,049

1,794 3,124

Health professions and related clinical sciences ..

5,330

12,164

16,176

18,603

21,354

28,442

31,770

33,920

36,162

39,567

40,707

42,593

43,623

43,560

42,715

44,939

Legal professions and studies .............................. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ............................................... Library science .....................................................

955

1,442

1,832

1,924

2,057

2,432

2,511

2,751

2,886

3,228

3,308

3,750

3,829

4,053

4,126

4,243

885 7,001

2,633 8,037

2,375 4,859

1,586 3,564

2,213 4,763

2,496 5,116

2,565 5,057

2,778 5,099

2,661 4,982

2,801 4,871

3,101 4,752

3,256 4,577

3,193 4,727

2,754 5,113

3,312 5,314

3,697 6,015

Mathematics and statistics ................................... Military technologies ............................................. Multi/interdisciplinary studies................................

5,191 2 926

3,857 0 1,287

2,567 43 2,363

3,131 83 2,890

3,549 0 2,117

3,682 124 2,821

3,820 124 2,787

3,651 136 2,762

3,504 136 3,333

3,409 0 3,067

3,286 0 3,073

3,208 0 3,487

3,209 0 3,475

3,350 0 3,708

3,626 0 3,780

4,191 0 4,047

Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ....... Philosophy and religious studies .......................... Physical sciences and science technologies ........ Precision production ............................................. Psychology ........................................................... Public administration and social services .............

218 1,326 6,336 0 5,717 7,785

571 1,358 5,428 0 10,167 15,209

643 1,231 5,246 0 10,223 17,803

570 1,193 5,860 0 9,845 15,692

483 1,471 5,281 0 11,349 17,905

1,559 1,410 5,648 2 13,723 21,833

1,684 1,434 5,716 5 15,378 23,501

1,684 1,363 5,807 8 15,152 24,229

1,873 1,356 5,526 3 15,769 24,781

1,917 1,396 5,328 10 15,142 25,144

2,011 1,357 5,124 7 15,688 24,925

2,322 1,376 4,810 5 15,740 25,594

2,354 1,386 5,049 2 16,539 25,268

2,580 1,371 5,012 2 16,357 25,448

2,978 1,578 5,109 3 17,123 25,894

3,199 1,578 5,570 13 17,898 28,250

Security and protective services........................... Social sciences and history ..................................

194 16,539

1,197 15,953

1,538 11,945

1,074 10,564

1,108 12,233

1,437 14,561

1,706 14,845

1,812 15,012

1,845 14,787

2,000 14,938

2,249 14,431

2,609 14,066

2,514 13,791

2,935 14,112

2,955 14,634

3,717 16,110

Theology and religious vocations ......................... Transportation and materials moving....................

2,692 0

3,258 0

4,163 0

4,543 454

4,803 406

4,906 664

5,170 823

5,030 919

4,932 919

4,649 736

4,679 713

5,534 697

4,850 756

4,909 709

5,099 765

5,486 728

Visual and performing arts ................................... Not classified by field of study ..............................

6,675 0

8,817 0

8,629 0

8,420 0

8,657 8,523

9,925 1,651

10,277 577

10,280 780

10,627 4,519

11,145 868

10,753 88

10,918 1,802

11,404 528

11,595 24

11,986 0

12,906 0

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: The new Classification of Instructional Programs was initiated in 2002–03. The figures for earlier years have been reclassified when necessary to make them conform to the new taxonomy. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS “Completions Survey”: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agriculture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; “Business” includes Business, management, marketing, and related support services and Personal and culinary services; and

“Engineering technologies” includes Engineering technologies/technicians, Construction trades, and Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1990–91 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C91–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 429 Degrees

2 Total..............................................................

Table 251. Doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by discipline division: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2003–04 Discipline division 1

1970–71

1975–76

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1993–94

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991 1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Total.............................................................. Agriculture and natural resources......................... Architecture and related services ......................... Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies ............

32,107 1,086 36 143

34,064 928 82 186

32,958 1,067 93 161

33,653 1,158 73 156

39,294 1,185 135 159

43,185 1,262 161 149

44,446 1,256 141 185

44,652 1,259 141 183

45,876 1,202 135 171

46,010 1,290 131 176

44,077 1,231 123 187

44,808 1,168 129 205

44,904 1,127 153 216

44,160 1,148 183 212

46,024 1,229 152 186

48,378 1,185 173 209

Biological and biomedical sciences ...................... Business ...............................................................

3,595 774

3,313 906

3,591 808

3,352 923

4,034 1,185

4,724 1,364

4,881 1,391

5,035 1,366

5,094 1,336

5,236 1,290

5,024 1,201

5,180 1,194

4,953 1,180

4,823 1,156

5,003 1,251

5,242 1,481

Communication, journalism, and related programs ........................................................ Communications technologies.............................. Computer and information sciences .....................

145 0 128

196 8 244

171 11 252

212 6 344

259 13 676

337 8 810

320 1 887

338 7 869

296 4 857

354 5 858

347 5 801

347 10 779

368 2 768

374 9 752

394 4 816

418 8 909

Education.............................................................. Engineering .......................................................... Engineering technologies ..................................... English language and literature/letters .................

6,041 3,687 1 1,554

7,202 2,872 2 1,514

7,279 2,598 10 1,040

6,610 3,444 12 895

6,189 5,316 14 1,056

6,450 5,968 43 1,205

6,475 6,122 51 1,393

6,246 6,381 50 1,395

6,297 6,203 47 1,431

6,261 5,996 42 1,489

6,394 5,432 29 1,407

6,409 5,390 31 1,470

6,284 5,542 62 1,330

6,549 5,187 58 1,291

6,835 5,276 57 1,246

7,088 5,923 58 1,207

Family and consumer sciences/human sciences Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics......

123 1,084

178 1,245

247 931

307 768

229 889

318 1,033

346 1,081

375 1,020

352 1,064

386 1,118

323 1,049

327 1,086

354 1,078

311 1,003

372 1,042

329 1,031

Health professions and related clinical sciences ..

518

617

868

1,139

1,534

1,552

1,653

1,651

2,179

1,975

1,920

2,053

2,242

2,913

3,328

4,361

Legal professions and studies .............................. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ............................................... Library science .....................................................

20

76

60

54

90

79

88

91

81

66

58

74

286

79

105

119

32 39

162 71

121 71

90 62

70 56

80 45

90 55

75 53

77 46

87 48

78 55

83 68

102 58

113 45

78 62

95 47

Mathematics and statistics ................................... Multi/interdisciplinary studies................................

1,199 109

856 190

728 285

742 405

978 424

1,125 505

1,181 530

1,158 764

1,134 764

1,215 843

1,090 754

1,075 792

997 784

923 765

1,007 899

1,060 876

Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ....... Philosophy and religious studies .......................... Physical sciences and science technologies ........ Psychology ........................................................... Public administration and social services .............

2 555 4,324 2,144 174

15 556 3,388 3,157 292

42 411 3,105 3,576 362

39 480 3,521 3,593 382

28 464 4,248 3,932 430

116 534 4,595 4,021 519

149 508 4,421 4,252 556

104 550 4,512 4,141 499

108 604 4,417 4,507 518

129 590 4,520 4,541 499

137 584 4,142 4,695 532

134 598 3,963 4,731 537

177 600 3,911 5,091 574

151 610 3,760 4,759 571

199 662 3,858 4,831 596

222 595 3,815 4,827 649

Security and protective services........................... Social sciences and history ..................................

1 3,660

9 4,157

21 3,122

21 2,955

28 3,012

25 3,627

26 3,725

38 3,760

31 3,989

39 4,127

48 3,855

52 4,095

44 3,930

49 3,902

72 3,850

54 3,811

Theology and religious vocations ......................... Transportation and materials moving....................

312 0

1,022 0

1,273 0

1,185 3

1,076 0

1,440 0

1,583 0

1,517 0

1,390 0

1,451 0

1,440 0

1,630 0

1,461 0

1,350 0

1,321 0

1,304 0

Visual and performing arts ................................... Not classified by field of study ..............................

621 0

620 0

654 0

722 0

838 747

1,054 36

1,080 19

1,067 7

1,060 482

1,163 85

1,130 6

1,127 71

1,167 63

1,114 0

1,293 0

1,282 0

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Includes Ph.D., Ed.D., and comparable degrees at the doctoral level. Excludes first-professional degrees such as M.D., D.D.S., and law degrees. The new Classification of Instructional Programs was initiated in 2002–03. The figures for earlier years have been reclassified when necessary to make them conform to the new taxonomy. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS “Completions Survey”: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agriculture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; “Business” includes Business, management, marketing, and related support services and Personal and culinary ser-

vices; and “Engineering technologies” includes Engineering technologies/technicians, Construction trades, and Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1990–91 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:91–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

430 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

_

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 431 Degrees _

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study 1

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

All fields, total ............................................................................................

1,399,542

595,425

804,117

558,940

229,545

329,395

48,378

25,323

23,055

Agriculture and natural resources........................................................................ Agriculture, agriculture operations, and related sciences ................................ Agriculture, general ...................................................................................... Agricultural business and management, general ......................................... Agribusiness/agricultural business operations ............................................. Agricultural economics ................................................................................. Farm/farm and ranch management.............................................................. Agricultural/farm supplies retailing and wholesaling .................................... Agricultural business technology.................................................................. Agricultural business and management, other............................................. Agricultural mechanization, general ............................................................. Agricultural mechanization, other................................................................. Agricultural production operations, general.................................................. Animal/livestock husbandry and production................................................. Aquaculture.................................................................................................. Crop production ........................................................................................... Horse husbandry/equine science and management.................................... Agricultural and food products processing ................................................... Equestrian/equine studies............................................................................ Applied horticulture/horticultural operations, general................................... Ornamental horticulture ............................................................................... Landscaping and groundskeeping ............................................................... Turf and turfgrass management ................................................................... Floriculture/floristry operations and management........................................ Applied horticulture/horicultural business services, other ............................ International agriculture ............................................................................... Agricultural and extension education services ............................................. Agricultural communication/journalism ........................................................ Agricultural public services, other ................................................................ Animal sciences, general ............................................................................. Agricultural animal breeding......................................................................... Animal health ............................................................................................... Animal nutrition ............................................................................................ Dairy science ............................................................................................... Livestock management ................................................................................ Poultry science............................................................................................. Animal sciences, other ................................................................................. Food science................................................................................................ Food technology and processing ................................................................. Food science and technology, other............................................................. Plant sciences, general ................................................................................ Agronomy and crop science......................................................................... Horticultural science..................................................................................... Agricultural and horticultural plant breeding................................................. Plant protection and integrated pest management ...................................... Range science and management ................................................................ Plant sciences, other.................................................................................... Soil science and agronomy, general ............................................................ Soil sciences, other ...................................................................................... Agriculture, agriculture operations, and related sciences, other ..................

22,835 14,038 1,411 1,067 1,575 814 98 68 1 426 185 22 59 118 35 24 0 150 463 202 190 153 110 0 19 12 62 192 31 3,346 31 0 0 123 6 93 123 568 0 11 330 478 829 0 24 127 57 124 3 278

11,889 7,241 848 688 1,042 562 71 42 1 252 171 22 32 41 25 19 0 89 43 112 116 92 103 0 16 7 16 61 15 958 18 0 0 57 3 54 33 159 0 6 220 386 458 0 18 80 37 83 2 183

10,946 6,797 563 379 533 252 27 26 0 174 14 0 27 77 10 5 0 61 420 90 74 61 7 0 3 5 46 131 16 2,388 13 0 0 66 3 39 90 409 0 5 110 92 371 0 6 47 20 41 1 95

4,783 2,265 241 60 59 371 7 0 0 0 2 0 19 0 39 8 0 5 0 14 8 5 0 0 0 19 32 4 0 378 4 14 3 17 0 19 6 294 7 12 74 183 108 19 12 42 40 95 2 43

2,306 1,126 113 33 38 209 5 0 0 0 2 0 15 0 28 4 0 1 0 5 3 1 0 0 0 11 13 1 0 161 3 8 1 9 0 6 3 102 3 1 38 126 52 13 7 19 25 49 2 16

2,477 1,139 128 27 21 162 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 11 4 0 4 0 9 5 4 0 0 0 8 19 3 0 217 1 6 2 8 0 13 3 192 4 11 36 57 56 6 5 23 15 46 0 27

1,185 752 3 0 0 129 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1 0 9 0 6 1 0 0 3 0 0 9 0 0 138 4 0 5 5 0 14 2 136 0 11 22 91 44 16 1 8 14 59 0 15

758 498 2 0 0 90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 6 0 5 1 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 96 2 0 5 3 0 12 2 67 0 5 14 67 29 11 1 7 11 39 0 11

427 254 1 0 0 39 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 42 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 69 0 6 8 24 15 5 0 1 3 20 0 4

Natural resources and conservation ................................................................ Natural resources/conservation, general ..................................................... Environmental studies.................................................................................. Environmental science ................................................................................. Environmental science/studies..................................................................... Natural resources conservation and research, other ................................... Natural resources management and policy.................................................. Natural resource economics ........................................................................ Water, wetlands, and marine resources management ................................. Land use planning and management/development ..................................... Natural resources management and policy, other........................................ Fishing and fisheries sciences and management ........................................ Forestry, general .......................................................................................... Forest sciences and biology......................................................................... Forest management/forest resources management .................................... Urban forestry .............................................................................................. Wood science and wood products/pulp and paper technology .................... Forest resources production and management ........................................... Forest technology/technician........................................................................ Forestry, other .............................................................................................. Wildlife and wildlands science and management......................................... Natural resources and conservation, other ..................................................

8,797 1,155 2,545 1,702 343 0 353 5 26 54 92 205 521 150 123 51 124 0 117 159 907 165

4,648 622 1,116 813 147 0 192 3 13 28 56 108 380 118 114 25 97 0 74 97 548 97

4,149 533 1,429 889 196 0 161 2 13 26 36 97 141 32 9 26 27 0 43 62 359 68

2,518 340 473 566 48 0 231 0 35 36 2 98 261 98 36 14 21 3 15 46 165 30

1,180 149 191 250 20 0 105 0 18 15 1 52 130 67 17 6 18 3 12 17 97 12

1,338 191 282 316 28 0 126 0 17 21 1 46 131 31 19 8 3 0 3 29 68 18

433 63 46 78 0 0 16 2 0 10 3 20 67 47 5 0 10 0 14 6 26 20

260 38 22 40 0 0 10 1 0 8 3 11 46 32 4 0 7 0 8 5 15 10

173 25 24 38 0 0 6 1 0 2 0 9 21 15 1 0 3 0 6 1 11 10

Architecture and related services ........................................................................ Architecture...................................................................................................... City/urban, community and regional planning.................................................. Environmental design/architecture...................................................................

8,838 5,403 546 729

5,059 3,257 329 475

3,779 2,146 217 254

5,424 3,055 1,764 16

3,049 1,905 889 4

2,375 1,150 875 12

173 65 93 11

94 36 54 1

79 29 39 10

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

432 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Interior architecture.......................................................................................... Landscape architecture ................................................................................... Architectural history and criticism, general ...................................................... Architectural technology/technician ................................................................. Architecture and related services, other ..........................................................

705 965 27 5 458

72 614 14 3 295

633 351 13 2 163

34 403 15 0 137

7 171 5 0 68

27 232 10 0 69

0 2 2 0 0

0 1 2 0 0

0 1 0 0 0

Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies ........................................................... African studies ................................................................................................. American/United States studies/civilization ..................................................... Asian studies/civilization .................................................................................. East Asian studies ........................................................................................... Central/Middle and Eastern European studies ................................................ European studies/civilization ........................................................................... Latin American studies .................................................................................... Near and Middle Eastern studies..................................................................... Pacific Area/Pacific rim studies ........................................................................ Russian studies ............................................................................................... Scandinavian studies ....................................................................................... South Asian studies ......................................................................................... Southeast Asian studies .................................................................................. Western European studies .............................................................................. Canadian studies ............................................................................................. Slavic studies ................................................................................................... Ural-Altaic and Central Asian studies .............................................................. Regional studies (U.S., Canadian, foreign)...................................................... Chinese studies ............................................................................................... French studies ................................................................................................. German studies ............................................................................................... Italian studies................................................................................................... Japanese studies ............................................................................................. Korean studies ................................................................................................. Spanish and Iberian studies ............................................................................ Area studies, other........................................................................................... African-American/Black studies ....................................................................... American Indian/Native American studies ....................................................... Hispanic-American, Puerto Rican, and Mexican-American/Chicano studies .. Asian-American studies ................................................................................... Women’s studies.............................................................................................. Ethnic, cultural minority, and gender studies, other ......................................... Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies, other .............................................

7,181 29 1,646 453 339 8 96 501 140 9 95 28 10 2 9 2 2 0 0 6 22 34 24 25 0 7 524 682 153 274 154 1,024 429 454

2,162 9 573 193 148 4 27 159 56 4 41 9 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 2 6 4 14 0 1 169 228 67 85 67 27 106 157

5,019 20 1,073 260 191 4 69 342 84 5 54 19 9 1 8 1 1 0 0 5 20 28 20 11 0 6 355 454 86 189 87 997 323 297

1,683 44 240 102 95 7 20 266 132 8 73 4 7 13 47 0 0 8 8 13 1 0 4 2 8 0 81 85 32 23 20 135 48 157

642 21 87 46 45 2 4 113 63 2 34 3 5 10 16 0 0 4 2 6 0 0 3 1 6 0 29 31 11 9 6 7 19 57

1,041 23 153 56 50 5 16 153 69 6 39 1 2 3 31 0 0 4 6 7 1 0 1 1 2 0 52 54 21 14 14 128 29 100

209 7 87 1 19 0 0 3 29 0 0 0 5 0 1 0 0 2 4 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 1 2 0 5 18 3

97 5 41 0 9 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 1 0 0 6 2

112 2 46 1 10 0 0 3 13 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 1 1 0 5 12 1

Biological and biomedical sciences ..................................................................... Biology/biological sciences, general ................................................................ Biomedical sciences, general .......................................................................... Biochemistry .................................................................................................... Biophysics........................................................................................................ Molecular biology ............................................................................................. Molecular biochemistry .................................................................................... Molecular biophysics........................................................................................ Structural biology ............................................................................................. Radiation biology/radiobiology ......................................................................... Biochemistry/biophysics and molecular biology............................................... Biochemistry/biophysics and molecular biology, other..................................... Botany/plant biology......................................................................................... Plant pathology/phytopathology ....................................................................... Plant physiology ............................................................................................... Plant molecular biology.................................................................................... Botany/plant biology, other............................................................................... Cell/cellular biology and histology .................................................................... Anatomy........................................................................................................... Developmental biology and embryology .......................................................... Neuroanatomy ................................................................................................. Cell/cellular and molecular biology .................................................................. Cell biology and anatomy................................................................................. Cell/cellular biology and anatomical sciences, other ....................................... Microbiology, general ....................................................................................... Medical microbiology and bacteriology ............................................................ Virology ............................................................................................................ Parasitology ..................................................................................................... Immunology ..................................................................................................... Microbiological sciences and immunology, other ............................................. Zoology/animal biology .................................................................................... Entomology ...................................................................................................... Animal physiology ............................................................................................ Animal behavior and ethology.......................................................................... Wildlife biology ................................................................................................. Physiology, human and animal......................................................................... Zoology/animal biology, other........................................................................... Genetics, general............................................................................................. Molecular genetics........................................................................................... Animal genetics ...............................................................................................

61,509 43,465 861 3,849 43 538 135 0 0 2 286 44 188 8 0 0 17 417 88 0 0 1,237 4 362 1,471 794 0 0 0 100 1,957 76 233 3 116 69 0 245 71 114

23,248 15,704 349 1,801 28 241 62 0 0 0 143 24 77 2 0 0 3 193 57 0 0 488 3 166 618 326 0 0 0 40 731 32 76 0 67 44 0 89 27 43

38,261 27,761 512 2,048 15 297 73 0 0 2 143 20 111 6 0 0 14 224 31 0 0 749 1 196 853 468 0 0 0 60 1,226 44 157 3 49 25 0 156 44 71

7,657 2,529 169 237 54 116 12 0 0 12 67 1 104 66 1 1 9 31 133 2 0 80 6 78 196 91 2 0 20 41 139 156 44 2 14 12 0 45 22 27

3,227 1,041 71 117 33 49 10 0 0 7 38 1 38 31 1 1 4 9 46 0 0 28 4 29 70 34 1 0 8 19 68 84 16 0 9 5 0 11 10 11

4,430 1,488 98 120 21 67 2 0 0 5 29 0 66 35 0 0 5 22 87 2 0 52 2 49 126 57 1 0 12 22 71 72 28 2 5 7 0 34 12 16

5,242 681 107 489 78 197 47 11 6 9 62 6 149 70 12 9 6 134 51 25 4 243 14 107 136 224 13 4 123 99 89 106 33 6 1 10 0 91 60 54

2,804 352 58 276 52 99 24 10 2 8 40 6 82 37 10 2 4 69 27 14 3 120 6 53 60 117 6 2 59 58 64 78 20 3 0 5 0 51 33 27

2,438 329 49 213 26 98 23 1 4 1 22 0 67 33 2 7 2 65 24 11 1 123 8 54 76 107 7 2 64 41 25 28 13 3 1 5 0 40 27 27

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 433 Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Plant genetics .................................................................................................. Human/medical genetics ................................................................................. Genetics, plant and animal .............................................................................. Genetics, other................................................................................................. Physiology, general .......................................................................................... Molecular physiology........................................................................................ Cell physiology................................................................................................. Endocrinology .................................................................................................. Reproductive biology........................................................................................ Neurobiology and neurophysiology.................................................................. Cardiovascular science.................................................................................... Exercise physiology ......................................................................................... Pathology/experimental pathology ................................................................... Oncology and cancer biology........................................................................... Medical physiology........................................................................................... Physiology, pathology, and related sciences, other .......................................... Pharmacology.................................................................................................. Molecular pharmacology.................................................................................. Neuropharmacology ........................................................................................ Toxicology ........................................................................................................ Molecular toxicology......................................................................................... Environmental toxicology ................................................................................. Pharmacology and toxicology .......................................................................... Biometry/biometrics ......................................................................................... Biostatistics...................................................................................................... Bioinformatics .................................................................................................. Biomathematics and bioinformatics, other ....................................................... Biotechnology .................................................................................................. Ecology ............................................................................................................ Marine biology and biological oceanography ................................................... Evolutionary biology......................................................................................... Aquatic biology/limnology................................................................................. Environmental biology...................................................................................... Population biology............................................................................................ Conservation biology ....................................................................................... Epidemiology ................................................................................................... Ecology, evolution, systematics and population biology, other ......................... Biological and biomedical sciences, other .......................................................

4 0 0 0 374 0 0 0 0 160 0 228 26 9 0 44 46 0 0 36 0 15 22 16 16 42 3 399 627 791 5 60 112 0 132 0 299 1,250

2 0 0 0 140 0 0 0 0 84 0 97 12 3 0 25 25 0 0 16 0 5 10 4 6 26 1 162 254 240 4 25 51 0 48 0 112 462

2 0 0 0 234 0 0 0 0 76 0 131 14 6 0 19 21 0 0 20 0 10 12 12 10 16 2 237 373 551 1 35 61 0 84 0 187 788

12 84 5 3 311 5 3 4 1 19 0 31 1 116 12 2 95 11 5 60 0 11 7 66 195 109 4 398 220 141 21 9 13 2 26 524 19 593

5 11 1 0 171 3 1 1 1 12 0 9 1 50 2 2 44 3 3 22 0 6 2 33 67 66 3 175 86 47 11 9 6 2 7 183 12 266

7 73 4 3 140 2 2 3 0 7 0 22 0 66 10 0 51 8 2 38 0 5 5 33 128 43 1 223 134 94 10 0 7 0 19 341 7 327

12 57 12 7 113 9 10 7 3 63 2 1 8 167 47 11 219 24 2 85 3 23 22 16 85 10 2 5 121 39 32 0 2 13 0 150 35 259

8 32 7 4 71 6 4 3 0 35 1 0 3 87 27 3 114 11 0 52 1 13 9 9 35 6 1 4 63 19 20 0 1 8 0 54 16 140

4 25 5 3 42 3 6 4 3 28 1 1 5 80 20 8 105 13 2 33 2 10 13 7 50 4 1 1 58 20 12 0 1 5 0 96 19 119

Business, management, marketing, and personal and culinary services............ Business, management, marketing, and related support services .................. Business/commerce, general....................................................................... Business administration and management, general .................................... Purchasing, procurement/acquisitions and contracts management............. Logistics and materials management .......................................................... Office management and supervision ........................................................... Operations management and supervision ................................................... Nonprofit/public/organizational management............................................... Customer service management ................................................................... E-commerce/electronic commerce............................................................... Transportation/transportation management ................................................. Business administration, management and operations, other ..................... Accounting ................................................................................................... Accounting technology/technician and bookkeeping.................................... Auditing ........................................................................................................ Accounting and finance................................................................................ Accounting and business/management ....................................................... Accounting and related services, other........................................................ Administrative assistant and secretarial science, general............................ Executive assistant/executive secretary....................................................... Business/office automation/technology/data entry....................................... General office occupations and clerical services ......................................... Business operations support and secretarial services, other ...................... Business/corporate communications ........................................................... Business/managerial economics ................................................................. Entrepreneurship/entrepreneurial studies.................................................... Small business administration/management................................................ Entrepreneurial and small business operations, other ................................. Finance, general .......................................................................................... Banking and financial support services ....................................................... Financial planning and services................................................................... International finance..................................................................................... Investments and securities........................................................................... Public finance............................................................................................... Finance and financial management services, other..................................... Hospitality administration/management, general ......................................... Tourism and travel services management.................................................... Hotel/motel administration/management...................................................... Restaurant/food services management ....................................................... Resort management .................................................................................... Hotel/motel and restaurant management.....................................................

307,149 306,623 24,842 114,428 305 1,231 565 2,372 438 17 231 88 5,435 35,468 90 0 67 336 298 43 2 91 0 24 414 3,946 1,046 105 19 28,117 426 110 13 617 3 304 3,190 400 1,527 277 16 230

152,513 152,262 12,577 55,798 149 795 219 1,562 170 3 169 65 2,807 13,939 36 0 29 116 133 4 0 30 0 5 122 2,428 605 48 13 18,189 236 76 9 320 2 182 1,330 145 665 181 11 103

154,636 154,361 12,265 58,630 156 436 346 810 268 14 62 23 2,628 21,529 54 0 38 220 165 39 2 61 0 19 292 1,518 441 57 6 9,928 190 34 4 297 1 122 1,860 255 862 96 5 127

139,347 139,344 9,706 80,889 194 269 10 952 299 0 776 15 3,416 8,022 3 41 137 27 186 0 0 0 0 49 109 264 836 42 17 5,032 236 183 121 290 0 353 273 151 124 7 0 6

80,858 80,856 5,971 48,953 111 175 3 664 78 0 452 12 2,156 3,473 1 23 48 19 115 0 0 0 0 20 25 151 360 21 8 3,528 173 128 69 200 0 234 103 77 56 3 0 2

58,489 58,488 3,735 31,936 83 94 7 288 221 0 324 3 1,260 4,549 2 18 89 8 71 0 0 0 0 29 84 113 476 21 9 1,504 63 55 52 90 0 119 170 74 68 4 0 4

1,481 1,481 207 691 0 0 0 11 1 0 0 0 46 44 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 43 3 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 2 0 0 0

960 960 138 461 0 0 0 8 1 0 0 0 34 28 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 0 0 0 36 3 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 2 0 0 0

521 521 69 230 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 12 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

434 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Hospitality administration/management, other ............................................. Human resources management/personnel administration, general............. Labor and industrial relations....................................................................... Organizational behavior studies................................................................... Labor studies ............................................................................................... Human resources development ................................................................... Human resources management and services, other ................................... International business/trade/commerce ....................................................... Management information systems, general ................................................. Information resources management/CIO training ........................................ Knowledge management ............................................................................. Management information systems and services, other................................ Management science, general ..................................................................... Business statistics........................................................................................ Actuarial science.......................................................................................... Management sciences and quantitative methods, other.............................. Marketing/marketing management, general................................................. Marketing research ...................................................................................... International marketing ................................................................................ Marketing, other ........................................................................................... Real estate................................................................................................... Taxation........................................................................................................ Insurance ..................................................................................................... Sales, distribution, and marketing operations, general ................................ Merchandising and buying operations ......................................................... Retailing and retail operations...................................................................... Selling skills and sales operations ............................................................... General merchandising/sales/related marketing operations, other.............. Fashion merchandising ................................................................................ Apparel and accessories marketing operations ........................................... Tourism and travel services marketing operations ....................................... Tourism promotion operations...................................................................... Vehicle and vehicle parts and accessories marketing operations................ Business and personal/financial services marketing operations.................. Special products marketing operations ........................................................ Hospitality and recreation marketing operations .......................................... Specialized merchandising/sales/related marketing operations, other ........ Construction management........................................................................... Business/management/marketing/related support services, other ..............

515 5,156 814 3,153 101 231 502 5,092 15,857 32 14 454 4,312 32 340 440 31,319 36 122 1,401 705 0 604 1,665 158 167 287 378 1,480 103 22 189 104 12 137 88 48 783 2,639

219 1,678 431 1,219 79 66 222 2,230 10,594 17 14 323 2,338 19 182 278 14,003 14 15 627 500 0 342 775 27 41 166 144 57 9 8 62 87 9 55 75 21 729 1,316

296 3,478 383 1,934 22 165 280 2,862 5,263 15 0 131 1,974 13 158 162 17,316 22 107 774 205 0 262 890 131 126 121 234 1,423 94 14 127 17 3 82 13 27 54 1,323

14 3,299 521 3,114 14 230 404 3,181 7,268 43 29 112 881 14 84 244 1,931 150 98 83 423 1,280 51 377 2 3 0 6 20 4 0 0 0 0 13 0 59 74 2,283

5 949 189 1,075 2 55 174 1,890 4,787 33 21 70 506 8 33 104 861 58 37 20 333 614 26 188 1 1 0 5 3 1 0 0 0 0 11 0 41 60 1,283

9 2,350 332 2,039 12 175 230 1,291 2,481 10 8 42 375 6 51 140 1,070 92 61 63 90 666 25 189 1 2 0 1 17 3 0 0 0 0 2 0 18 14 1,000

5 36 6 148 1 0 0 33 31 0 0 0 7 5 0 4 48 0 0 1 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33

0 12 2 80 0 0 0 22 21 0 0 0 4 2 0 4 25 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23

5 24 4 68 1 0 0 11 10 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10

Personal and culinary services ........................................................................ Funeral service and mortuary science, general........................................... Cosmetology/cosmetologist, general ........................................................... Baking and pastry arts/baker/pastry chef .................................................... Culinary arts/chef training ............................................................................ Restaurant, culinary, and catering management/manager .......................... Meat cutting/meat cutter .............................................................................. Food service, waiter/waitress, and dining room management/manager ...... Institutional food workers ............................................................................. Institutional food workers and administrators, general ................................. Culinary arts and related services, other .....................................................

526 163 0 31 239 54 0 0 3 0 36

251 75 0 7 130 24 0 0 0 0 15

275 88 0 24 109 30 0 0 3 0 21

3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3

2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Communication and communications technologies............................................. Communication, journalism, and related programs ......................................... Communication studies/speech communication and rhetoric ...................... Mass communication/media studies ............................................................ Communication and media studies, other.................................................... Journalism.................................................................................................... Broadcast journalism ................................................................................... Photojournalism ........................................................................................... Journalism, other ......................................................................................... Radio and television..................................................................................... Digital communication and media/multimedia.............................................. Radio, television, and digital communication, other ..................................... Organizational communication, general....................................................... Public relations/image management ............................................................ Advertising ................................................................................................... Political communication................................................................................ Health communication.................................................................................. Public relations, advertising and applied communication, other .................. Publishing..................................................................................................... Communication, journalism, and related programs, other ...........................

73,002 70,968 31,926 6,703 932 11,192 947 104 571 6,283 672 191 626 3,925 4,189 66 7 274 0 2,360

25,813 24,591 10,678 2,353 296 3,532 385 30 177 3,302 375 115 188 813 1,209 26 1 76 0 1,035

47,189 46,377 21,248 4,350 636 7,660 562 74 394 2,981 297 76 438 3,112 2,980 40 6 198 0 1,325

6,900 6,535 2,107 608 225 1,438 60 0 102 408 137 6 103 176 228 2 16 54 42 823

2,329 2,127 627 195 70 484 13 0 35 200 78 4 27 28 65 1 0 20 9 271

4,571 4,408 1,480 413 155 954 47 0 67 208 59 2 76 148 163 1 16 34 33 552

426 418 248 74 18 29 0 0 0 11 10 0 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 23

186 181 102 34 6 16 0 0 0 5 9 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 8

240 237 146 40 12 13 0 0 0 6 1 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 15

Communications technologies/technicians and support services ................... Communications technology/technician....................................................... Photographic and film/video technology/technician and assistant ............... Radio and television broadcasting technology/technician............................ Recording arts technology/technician .......................................................... Audiovisual communications technologies/technicians, other...................... Graphic communications, general................................................................ Printing management...................................................................................

2,034 61 50 537 120 22 149 71

1,222 34 27 285 110 13 55 34

812 27 23 252 10 9 94 37

365 9 0 138 0 0 0 5

202 2 0 64 0 0 0 3

163 7 0 74 0 0 0 2

8 0 0 8 0 0 0 0

5 0 0 5 0 0 0 0

3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 435 Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Prepress/desktop publishing and digital imaging design ............................. Animation/interactive technology/video graphics/special effects.................. Graphic and printing equipment operator, general production ..................... Printing press operator................................................................................. Graphic communications, other ................................................................... Communications technologies/technicians and support services, other......

23 539 134 6 66 256

5 409 68 4 45 133

18 130 66 2 21 123

0 24 0 0 0 189

0 5 0 0 0 128

0 19 0 0 0 61

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

Computer and information sciences and support services.................................. Computer and information sciences, general .................................................. Artificial intelligence and robotics .................................................................... Information technology..................................................................................... Computer and information sciences, other ...................................................... Computer programming/programmer, general................................................. Computer programming, specific applications ................................................. Computer programming, other......................................................................... Data processing and data processing technology/technician .......................... Information science/studies ............................................................................. Computer systems analysis/analyst ................................................................ Computer science............................................................................................ Web page, digital/multimedia and information resources design..................... Data modeling/warehousing and database administration .............................. Computer graphics........................................................................................... Computer software and media applications, other........................................... Computer systems networking and telecommunications................................. System administration/administrator................................................................ System, networking, and LAN/WAN management/manager ........................... Computer and information systems security.................................................... Web/multimedia management and webmaster................................................ Computer/information tech. services admin. and management, other ............ Computer and information sciences and support services, other....................

59,488 22,096 0 5,679 109 833 154 50 316 7,891 2,654 12,647 339 153 603 101 3,037 21 17 22 244 359 2,163

44,585 16,954 0 4,102 77 641 114 47 214 5,217 1,870 10,194 192 100 439 73 2,367 15 14 18 157 281 1,499

14,903 5,142 0 1,577 32 192 40 3 102 2,674 784 2,453 147 53 164 28 670 6 3 4 87 78 664

20,143 8,137 32 1,124 46 125 58 0 13 3,080 324 4,791 40 0 143 34 771 0 0 16 0 80 1,329

13,868 5,834 30 706 30 81 34 0 9 1,871 209 3,466 19 0 89 18 540 0 0 13 0 56 863

6,275 2,303 2 418 16 44 24 0 4 1,209 115 1,325 21 0 54 16 231 0 0 3 0 24 466

909 427 13 2 0 0 0 0 0 85 4 337 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41

709 353 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 4 260 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27

200 74 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 31 0 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14

Education............................................................................................................. Education, general........................................................................................... Bilingual and multilingual ................................................................................. Multicultural education ..................................................................................... Indian/Native American education ................................................................... Bilingual, multilingual, and multicultural education, other ................................ Curriculum and instruction............................................................................... Educational leadership and administration, general ........................................ Administration of special education ................................................................. Adult and continuing education administration ................................................ Educational, instructional, and curriculum supervision.................................... Higher education/higher education administration........................................... Community college education.......................................................................... Elementary and middle school administration/principalship ............................ Secondary school administration/principalship................................................ Urban education and leadership...................................................................... Superintendency and educational system administration................................ Elementary, middle and secondary education/administration.......................... Educational administration and supervision, other .......................................... Educational/instructional media design ........................................................... Educational evaluation and research............................................................... Educational statistics and research methods .................................................. Educational assessment, testing, and measurement ...................................... Educational assessment, evaluation, and research, other............................... International and comparative education......................................................... Social and philosophical foundations of education .......................................... Special education and teaching, general......................................................... Education/teaching of individuals with hearing impairments/deafness............ Education/teaching of the gifted and talented.................................................. Education/teaching of individuals with emotional disturbances ....................... Education/teaching of individuals with mental retardation ............................... Education/teaching of individuals with multiple disabilities .............................. Educ./teac. of individuals with orthopedic/physical health impair. ................... Education/teaching of individuals with vision impairments/blindness .............. Educ./teach. of individuals with specific learning disabilities ........................... Education/teaching of individuals with speech/language impairments ............ Education/teaching of individuals with autism ................................................. Education/teaching of individuals who are developmentally delayed............... Educ./teach. of individuals in early childhood spec. educ. programs............... Special education and teaching, other............................................................. Counselor education/school counseling and guidance services ..................... College student counseling and personnel services........................................ Student counseling and personnel services, other .......................................... Adult and continuing education and teaching .................................................. Elementary education and teaching ................................................................ Junior high/intermediate/middle school education and teaching ..................... Secondary education and teaching ................................................................. Teacher education, multiple levels ................................................................... Montessori teacher education.......................................................................... Kindergarten/preschool education and teaching .............................................

106,278 2,978 101 0 1 0 3 27 0 14 46 0 0 0 0 78 0 0 5 55 0 0 0 0 0 1 6,304 189 0 115 305 60 21 22 280 304 0 0 92 270 29 0 5 22 46,349 2,269 4,089 756 32 1,913

22,802 526 5 0 0 0 0 2 0 10 19 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 689 17 0 24 31 3 3 2 21 16 0 0 1 22 8 0 0 8 4,653 473 1,659 103 2 42

83,476 2,452 96 0 1 0 3 25 0 4 27 0 0 0 0 64 0 0 5 26 0 0 0 0 0 1 5,615 172 0 91 274 57 18 20 259 288 0 0 91 248 21 0 5 14 41,696 1,796 2,430 653 30 1,871

162,345 28,118 1,485 20 0 15 13,440 16,022 19 201 982 676 25 1,126 285 244 46 85 1,632 3,859 33 51 51 19 144 1,085 10,662 147 254 127 120 264 33 90 607 145 1 0 351 496 12,296 663 158 1,395 17,528 903 6,361 3,544 93 500

37,843 6,322 415 5 0 1 2,695 6,198 4 47 284 208 13 488 144 98 18 43 607 1,121 9 20 10 3 36 289 1,602 16 21 31 26 30 5 18 88 4 0 0 96 64 2,208 158 25 387 2,265 205 2,290 836 6 24

124,502 21,796 1,070 15 0 14 10,745 9,824 15 154 698 468 12 638 141 146 28 42 1,025 2,738 24 31 41 16 108 796 9,060 131 233 96 94 234 28 72 519 141 1 0 255 432 10,088 505 133 1,008 15,263 698 4,071 2,708 87 476

7,088 1,301 11 13 0 0 875 2,180 4 64 17 309 6 24 0 24 0 23 226 102 45 25 5 3 14 109 189 4 1 4 2 0 4 0 3 0 0 0 2 5 311 14 6 134 54 2 36 12 0 4

2,403 431 1 3 0 0 210 823 0 27 3 132 1 8 0 4 0 7 89 48 18 7 3 1 4 40 24 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 88 8 2 39 10 2 9 4 0 1

4,685 870 10 10 0 0 665 1,357 4 37 14 177 5 16 0 20 0 16 137 54 27 18 2 2 10 69 165 1 1 4 2 0 4 0 2 0 0 0 1 3 223 6 4 95 44 0 27 8 0 3

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

436 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Early childhood education and teaching .......................................................... Pre-elementary/early childhood/kindergarten teacher education .................... Teacher educ. and prof. dev., specific levels and methods, other .................... Agricultural teacher education ......................................................................... Art teacher education ...................................................................................... Business teacher education............................................................................. Driver and safety teacher education ................................................................ English/language arts teacher education ........................................................ Foreign language teacher education ............................................................... Health teacher education................................................................................. Family and consumer sciences/home economics teacher education.............. Technology teacher education/industrial arts teacher education ..................... Sales and marketing operations/marketing and dist. teacher educ. ................ Mathematics teacher education....................................................................... Music teacher education.................................................................................. Physical education teaching and coaching ...................................................... Reading teacher education.............................................................................. Science teacher education/general science teacher education....................... Social science teacher education .................................................................... Social studies teacher education ..................................................................... Technical teacher education ............................................................................ Trade and industrial teacher education............................................................ Computer teacher education ........................................................................... Biology teacher education................................................................................ Chemistry teacher education........................................................................... Drama and dance teacher education............................................................... French language teacher education ................................................................ German language teacher education .............................................................. Health occupations teacher education............................................................. History teacher education ................................................................................ Physics teacher education ............................................................................... Spanish language teacher education .............................................................. Speech teacher education ............................................................................... Geography teacher education.......................................................................... Latin teacher education ................................................................................... School librarian/library media specialist........................................................... Psychology teacher education ......................................................................... Teacher educ. and prof. dev., specific subject areas, other ............................. Teaching Eng. as a second/foreign language/ESL language instructor........... Teaching French as a second or foreign language .......................................... Teacher assistant/aide ..................................................................................... Adult literacy tutor/instructor ............................................................................ Education, other...............................................................................................

6,774 670 208 582 1,533 621 0 2,617 146 1,648 331 925 62 1,695 3,125 8,663 142 896 875 1,975 264 1,172 70 426 65 92 74 24 27 727 31 332 173 3 1 8 19 674 92 0 1 0 1,780

256 32 45 277 290 224 0 503 28 498 9 767 19 639 1,214 4,911 15 342 467 1,145 160 745 43 152 27 16 12 9 1 424 20 68 76 2 0 3 7 232 14 0 0 0 728

6,518 638 163 305 1,243 397 0 2,114 118 1,150 322 158 43 1,056 1,911 3,752 127 554 408 830 104 427 27 274 38 76 62 15 26 303 11 264 97 1 1 5 12 442 78 0 1 0 1,052

1,323 170 4,007 399 862 323 17 1,105 243 645 68 625 85 1,118 966 2,493 7,101 861 245 745 202 361 1,427 191 48 48 25 2 34 76 20 83 2 22 3 131 0 1,518 2,051 2 0 29 6,268

44 3 863 131 156 101 10 278 43 217 0 352 47 365 372 1,329 391 328 115 389 73 127 435 55 19 9 2 0 13 40 11 14 1 6 1 11 0 323 371 1 0 0 1,314

1,279 167 3,144 268 706 222 7 827 200 428 68 273 38 753 594 1,164 6,710 533 130 356 129 234 992 136 29 39 23 2 21 36 9 69 1 16 2 120 0 1,195 1,680 1 0 29 4,954

6 4 47 37 37 8 1 11 19 45 3 9 3 43 68 124 57 37 6 4 52 32 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 15 0 0 0 208

2 1 19 22 6 6 0 3 6 7 2 7 2 15 34 68 6 16 2 1 21 16 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 5 0 0 0 65

4 3 28 15 31 2 1 8 13 38 1 2 1 28 34 56 51 21 4 3 31 16 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 10 0 0 0 143

Engineering and engineering technologies ......................................................... Engineering...................................................................................................... Engineering, general.................................................................................... Aerospace, aeronautical and astronautical engineering .............................. Agricultural/biological engineering and bioengineering................................ Architectural engineering ............................................................................. Biomedical/medical engineering .................................................................. Ceramic sciences and engineering.............................................................. Chemical engineering .................................................................................. Civil engineering, general ............................................................................ Geotechnical engineering ............................................................................ Structural engineering.................................................................................. Transportation and highway engineering ..................................................... Water resources engineering ....................................................................... Civil engineering, other ................................................................................ Computer engineering, general ................................................................... Computer software engineering ................................................................... Computer engineering, other ....................................................................... Electrical, electronics and communications engineering ............................. Engineering mechanics................................................................................ Engineering physics ..................................................................................... Engineering science..................................................................................... Environmental/environmental health engineering ........................................ Materials engineering................................................................................... Mechanical engineering ............................................................................... Metallurgical engineering ............................................................................. Mining and mineral engineering................................................................... Naval architecture and marine engineering ................................................. Nuclear engineering..................................................................................... Ocean engineering....................................................................................... Petroleum engineering ................................................................................. Systems engineering ................................................................................... Textile sciences and engineering ................................................................. Materials science ......................................................................................... Polymer/plastics engineering ....................................................................... Construction engineering ............................................................................. Forest engineering .......................................................................................

78,227 63,558 1,987 2,318 677 578 2,090 81 4,742 7,668 0 96 1 7 55 6,568 163 133 14,123 113 339 251 440 514 14,050 110 96 276 201 120 274 576 152 148 79 284 19

63,502 50,557 1,559 1,905 461 420 1,146 53 3,034 5,866 0 74 0 6 40 5,736 148 109 12,040 101 271 167 250 351 12,142 83 74 249 169 86 212 452 62 101 69 256 17

14,725 13,001 428 413 216 158 944 28 1,708 1,802 0 22 1 1 15 832 15 24 2,083 12 68 84 190 163 1,908 27 22 27 32 34 62 124 90 47 10 28 2

35,197 32,698 1,520 870 189 102 878 32 1,165 3,468 5 84 97 39 97 2,106 374 175 9,511 119 51 318 526 582 4,420 42 57 26 151 91 257 702 34 144 77 10 8

27,667 25,824 1,191 721 115 74 531 24 809 2,597 5 68 69 25 73 1,604 268 153 7,759 103 38 238 306 434 3,875 37 45 20 124 77 215 590 19 106 62 8 3

7,530 6,874 329 149 74 28 347 8 356 871 0 16 28 14 24 502 106 22 1,752 16 13 80 220 148 545 5 12 6 27 14 42 112 15 38 15 2 5

5,981 5,923 228 190 93 1 323 12 623 596 0 5 5 20 10 160 0 32 1,440 48 18 72 97 339 787 21 7 8 69 19 33 71 26 122 51 0 4

4,923 4,872 190 170 70 1 226 11 468 473 0 5 4 14 9 145 0 30 1,241 44 17 63 68 274 692 16 7 7 54 16 29 57 14 102 32 0 3

1,058 1,051 38 20 23 0 97 1 155 123 0 0 1 6 1 15 0 2 199 4 1 9 29 65 95 5 0 1 15 3 4 14 12 20 19 0 1

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 437 Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Industrial engineering................................................................................... Industrial/manufacturing engineering........................................................... Manufacturing engineering........................................................................... Operations research..................................................................................... Surveying engineering ................................................................................. Geological/geophysical engineering ............................................................ Engineering, other........................................................................................

2,755 273 333 383 7 110 368

1,807 177 268 235 6 71 284

948 96 65 148 1 39 84

2,199 250 365 309 8 41 1,199

1,726 211 310 210 7 28 946

473 39 55 99 1 13 253

206 17 13 39 2 14 102

166 12 11 30 2 10 89

40 5 2 9 0 4 13

Engineering technologies/construction trades/mechanics and repairers......... Engineering technologies/technicians.......................................................... Engineering technology, general .............................................................. Architectural engineering technology/technician ...................................... Civil engineering technology/technician ................................................... Electrical/electronic/communications eng. technology/technician............ Laser and optical technology/technician .................................................. Telecommunications technology/technician ............................................. Electrical/electronic eng. technologies/technicians, other ........................ Biomedical technology/technician ............................................................ Electromechanical technology/electromechanical eng. technology ......... Instrumentation technology/technician ..................................................... Robotics technology/technician................................................................ Electromechanical/instrumentation and maintenance technol./tech ........ Heating, air conditioning and refrigeration technology/technician ............ Energy management and systems technology/technician ....................... Water quality/wastewater treatment manage./recycling technol./tech...... Environmental engineering technology/environmental technology........... Hazardous materials management and waste technology/technician ..... Environmental control technologies/technicians, other ............................ Plastics engineering technology/technician.............................................. Metallurgical technology/technician.......................................................... Industrial technology/technician ............................................................... Manufacturing technology/technician ....................................................... Industrial/manufacturing technology/technician........................................ Industrial production technologies/technicians, other............................... Occupational safety and health technology/technician............................. Quality control technology/technician....................................................... Industrial safety technology/technician..................................................... Quality control and safety technologies/technicians, other....................... Aeronautical/aerospace engineering technology/technician .................... Automotive engineering technology/technician ........................................ Mechanical engineering/mechanical technology/technician..................... Mechanical engineering related technologies/technicians, other ............. Mining technology/technician ................................................................... Petroleum technology/technician.............................................................. Mining and petroleum technologies/technicians, other ............................ Construction engineering technology/technician...................................... Surveying technology/surveying............................................................... Engineering-related technologies, other................................................... Computer engineering technology/technician .......................................... Computer technology/computer systems technology............................... Computer software technology/technician................................................ Computer engineering technologies/technicians, other ........................... Drafting/design engineering technologies/technicians, general ............... CAD/CADD drafting and/or design technology/technician ....................... Electrical/electronics drafting and electrical/electronics ........................... Mechanical drafting and mechanical drafting CAD/CADD ....................... Drafting/design engineering technologies/technicians, other ................... Engineering/industrial management......................................................... Engineering technologies/technicians, other............................................

14,669 14,391 693 510 404 2,962 6 125 376 3 89 4 26 7 12 22 30 86 1 4 129 6 1,751 738 108 341 403 7 17 10 128 318 1,028 304 1 11 1 1,265 154 1 881 35 58 0 70 46 1 130 9 328 752

12,945 12,689 614 435 350 2,689 6 109 339 3 81 4 26 5 11 22 17 52 1 3 115 6 1,520 668 98 288 306 5 14 7 110 291 945 287 1 11 1 1,174 137 0 774 29 53 0 58 37 1 88 9 242 647

1,724 1,702 79 75 54 273 0 16 37 0 8 0 0 2 1 0 13 34 0 1 14 0 231 70 10 53 97 2 3 3 18 27 83 17 0 0 0 91 17 1 107 6 5 0 12 9 0 42 0 86 105

2,499 2,499 157 0 2 24 0 38 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 58 7 37 0 0 239 49 11 25 88 72 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 75 6 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,363 212

1,843 1,843 118 0 2 17 0 30 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 32 4 23 0 0 170 39 6 17 53 40 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 59 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,055 143

656 656 39 0 0 7 0 8 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 3 14 0 0 69 10 5 8 35 32 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 308 69

58 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 0

51 51 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 0

7 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0

Construction trades...................................................................................... Mason/masonry........................................................................................ Carpentry/carpenter ................................................................................. Electrician................................................................................................. Building/home/construction inspection/inspector ..................................... Building/construction finishing, management, and inspection, other ....... Plumber and pipefitter .............................................................................. Construction trades, other ........................................................................

119 0 0 1 5 79 0 34

107 0 0 1 5 67 0 34

12 0 0 0 0 12 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians ............................................ Mechanics and repairers, general ............................................................ Business machine repair .......................................................................... Communications systems installation and repair technology ................... Industrial electronics technology/technician ............................................. Heavy equipment maintenance technology/technician ............................ Industrial mechanics and maintenance technology.................................. Autobody/collision and repair technology/technician................................ Automobile/automotive mechanics technology/technician ....................... Diesel mechanics technology/technician.................................................. Airframe mechanics and aircraft maintenance technology/technician...... Aircraft powerplant technology/technician................................................ Avionics maintenance technology/technician ...........................................

159 0 0 0 0 14 2 0 11 30 62 0 40

149 0 0 0 0 14 2 0 11 30 56 0 36

10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 4

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

438 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

English language and literature/letters ................................................................ English language and literature, general ......................................................... English composition......................................................................................... Creative writing ................................................................................................ American literature (United States).................................................................. English literature (British and Commonwealth)................................................ Speech and rhetorical studies ......................................................................... Technical and business writing ........................................................................ English language and literature/letters, other ..................................................

53,984 40,327 512 1,800 142 887 8,829 472 1,015

16,792 12,111 194 693 45 277 3,019 143 310

37,192 28,216 318 1,107 97 610 5,810 329 705

7,956 4,976 74 1,868 7 130 565 215 121

2,459 1,487 20 682 3 23 144 66 34

5,497 3,489 54 1,186 4 107 421 149 87

1,207 1,003 7 10 2 28 96 12 49

479 404 0 3 1 12 36 5 18

728 599 7 7 1 16 60 7 31

Family and consumer sciences/human sciences ................................................ Work and family studies................................................................................... Family and consumer sciences/human sciences, general............................... Business family and consumer sciences/human sciences .............................. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences communication.................... Consumer merchandising/retailing management ............................................ Family and consumer sciences/human sciences business serv., other........... Family resource management studies, general ............................................... Consumer economics ...................................................................................... Family and consumer economics and related services, other ......................... Foods, nutrition, and wellness studies, general ............................................... Human nutrition ............................................................................................... Foodservice systems administration/management.......................................... Foods, nutrition, and related services, other.................................................... Housing and human environments, general .................................................... Facilities planning and management ............................................................... Housing and human environments, other ........................................................ Human development and family studies, general ............................................ Adult development and aging .......................................................................... Family systems ................................................................................................ Child development ........................................................................................... Family and community services....................................................................... Child care and support services management ................................................ Child care provider/assistant............................................................................ Human development, family studies, and related services, other.................... Apparel and textiles, general............................................................................ Apparel and textile manufacture ...................................................................... Textile science.................................................................................................. Apparel and textile marketing management .................................................... Family and consumer sciences/human sciences, other...................................

19,172 50 3,808 32 64 49 4 617 614 299 1,460 189 488 8 341 9 16 6,165 24 548 1,096 609 106 5 61 2,188 75 0 145 102

2,298 25 352 6 7 6 0 261 228 26 199 22 250 1 75 5 1 472 0 61 44 64 1 0 4 167 10 0 5 6

16,874 25 3,456 26 57 43 4 356 386 273 1,261 167 238 7 266 4 15 5,693 24 487 1,052 545 105 5 57 2,021 65 0 140 96

1,794 24 428 0 3 7 0 34 29 11 309 60 1 5 15 0 0 439 38 56 114 80 22 0 19 80 0 0 3 17

239 19 44 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 34 6 0 1 5 0 0 63 5 17 5 16 3 0 2 10 0 0 0 4

1,555 5 384 0 3 7 0 31 27 11 275 54 1 4 10 0 0 376 33 39 109 64 19 0 17 70 0 0 3 13

329 0 57 0 0 0 0 10 0 5 33 15 0 0 6 0 0 84 0 3 88 0 0 0 1 16 0 2 0 9

94 0 18 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 13 5 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 1 26 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 0 0

235 0 39 0 0 0 0 8 0 5 20 10 0 0 6 0 0 60 0 2 62 0 0 0 1 13 0 0 0 9

Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics..................................................... Foreign languages and literatures, general...................................................... Linguistics ........................................................................................................ Language interpretation and translation .......................................................... Comparative literature...................................................................................... Linguistic/comparative/related language studies and serv., other ................... African languages, literatures, and linguistics.................................................. East Asian languages, literatures, and linguistics, general .............................. Chinese language and literature...................................................................... Japanese language and literature.................................................................... Korean language and literature........................................................................ East Asian languages, literatures, and linguistics, other.................................. Slavic languages, literatures, and linguistics, general...................................... Russian language and literature ...................................................................... Czech language and literature ......................................................................... Polish language and literature.......................................................................... Slavic/Baltic/Albanian languages, lit., and linguistics, other............................. Germanic languages, literatures, and linguistics, general ............................... German language and literature ...................................................................... Scandinavian languages, literatures, and linguistics........................................ Danish language and literature........................................................................ Norwegian language and literature .................................................................. Swedish language and literature...................................................................... Germanic languages, literatures, and linguistics, other ................................... Modern Greek language and literature ............................................................ South Asian languages, literatures, and linguistics, general............................ Sanskrit and classical Indian languages, lit., and linguistics............................ Romance languages, literatures, and linguistics, general................................ French language and literature ........................................................................ Italian language and literature.......................................................................... Portuguese language and literature................................................................. Spanish language and literature ...................................................................... Romance languages, literatures, and linguistics, other.................................... American Indian/Native American languages, literatures, and linguistics........ Arabic language and literature ......................................................................... Hebrew language and literature....................................................................... Ancient Near Eastern and biblical languages, lit., and linguistics .................... Middle/Near Eastern and Semitic languages, lit., and ling., other ...................

17,754 1,294 1,023 23 808 24 0 80 186 381 9 66 44 301 1 2 5 114 1,031 6 2 5 4 0 2 2 1 103 2,362 279 33 7,991 69 16 13 15 17 33

5,215 360 321 11 235 9 0 46 98 212 7 39 10 163 0 1 0 36 429 5 1 1 2 0 1 2 0 26 492 72 18 2,007 18 5 8 8 11 10

12,539 934 702 12 573 15 0 34 88 169 2 27 34 138 1 1 5 78 602 1 1 4 2 0 1 0 1 77 1,870 207 15 5,984 51 11 5 7 6 23

3,124 208 563 117 180 10 1 53 15 24 2 26 45 21 0 0 2 27 153 3 0 0 0 3 0 6 0 45 361 49 10 833 90 0 3 7 5 27

957 59 162 22 59 2 1 23 6 6 0 7 15 11 0 0 2 10 52 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 11 81 14 4 237 26 0 1 4 2 9

2,167 149 401 95 121 8 0 30 9 18 2 19 30 10 0 0 0 17 101 1 0 0 0 3 0 4 0 34 280 35 6 596 64 0 2 3 3 18

1,031 33 193 0 153 1 1 7 5 8 1 10 30 3 0 0 1 22 30 2 0 0 0 2 0 5 2 30 85 31 3 199 45 0 1 11 3 20

410 10 77 0 60 1 0 3 2 4 1 3 10 1 0 0 0 9 13 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 11 29 12 1 75 14 0 0 8 3 13

621 23 116 0 93 0 1 4 3 4 0 7 20 2 0 0 1 13 17 1 0 0 0 1 0 3 2 19 56 19 2 124 31 0 1 3 0 7

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Females

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 439 Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Classics and classical languages, lit., and linguistics, general ........................ Ancient/classical Greek language and literature.............................................. Latin language and literature ........................................................................... Classics and classical languages, lit., and linguistics, other ............................ Celtic languages, literatures, and linguistics .................................................... Filipino/Tagolog language and literature .......................................................... American sign language (ASL) ........................................................................ Sign language interpretation and translation ................................................... Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics, other.......................................

951 35 89 22 3 2 49 126 132

428 18 33 15 0 2 4 13 38

523 17 56 7 3 0 45 113 94

181 1 13 22 0 0 0 5 13

100 1 6 15 0 0 0 0 5

81 0 7 7 0 0 0 5 8

68 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 23

38 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7

30 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 16

Health professions and related clinical sciences ................................................. Health services/allied health/health sciences, general .................................... Communication disorders, general .................................................................. Audiology/audiologist and hearing sciences .................................................... Speech-language pathology/pathologist.......................................................... Audiology/audiologist and speech-language pathology/pathologist................. Communication disorders sciences and services, other.................................. Dental clinical sciences, general...................................................................... Advanced general dentistry ............................................................................. Oral biology and oral pathology ....................................................................... Dental public health and education.................................................................. Dental materials (M.S., Ph.D.) ......................................................................... Endodontics/endodontology............................................................................. Oral/maxillofacial surgery................................................................................. Orthodontics/orthodontology ........................................................................... Pediatric dentistry/pedodontics........................................................................ Periodontics/periodontology............................................................................. Prosthodontics/prosthodontology..................................................................... Advanced/graduate dentistry and oral sciences, other .................................... Dental assisting/assistant ................................................................................ Dental hygiene/hygienist.................................................................................. Dental laboratory technology/technician.......................................................... Dental services and allied professions, other .................................................. Health/health care administration/management .............................................. Hospital and health care facilities administration/management ....................... Health unit manager/ward supervisor .............................................................. Medical office management/administration...................................................... Health information/medical records administration/administrator .................... Health information/medical records technology/technician.............................. Medical/health management and clinical assistant/specialist.......................... Health/medical claims examiner ...................................................................... Medical administrative/executive assistant and medical secretary .................. Health and medical administrative services, other........................................... Medical/clinical assistant ................................................................................. Clinical/medical laboratory assistant................................................................ Occupational therapist assistant...................................................................... Pharmacy technician/assistant ........................................................................ Physical therapist assistant.............................................................................. Veterinary/animal health technology/technician and vet. assistant.................. Anesthesiologist assistant ............................................................................... Pathology/pathologist assistant........................................................................ Respiratory therapy technician/assistant ......................................................... Allied health and medical assisting services, other ......................................... Cardiovascular technology/technologist........................................................... Electroneurodiagnostic/electroencephalographic tech./technologist ............... Emergency medical technology/technician (EMT paramedic) ......................... Nuclear medical technology/technologist......................................................... Perfusion technology/perfusionist .................................................................... Medical radiologic technology/science radiation therapist ............................... Respiratory care therapy/therapist................................................................... Diagnostic medical sonography/sonographer and ultrasound technician ........ Radiologic technology/science radiographer ................................................... Physician assistant .......................................................................................... Athletic training/trainer ..................................................................................... Radiation protection/health physics technician ................................................ Allied health diagnostic/intervention/treatment professions, other................... Cytotechnology/cytotechnologist ..................................................................... Hematology technology/technician .................................................................. Clinical/medical laboratory technician.............................................................. Clinical laboratory science/medical technology/technologist ........................... Histologic technology/histotechnologist ........................................................... Cytogenetics/genetics/clinical genetics technology/technologist ..................... Clinical/medical laboratory science and allied professions, other.................... Pre-dentistry studies ........................................................................................ Pre-medicine/pre-medical studies ................................................................... Pre-pharmacy studies...................................................................................... Pre-veterinary studies...................................................................................... Pre-nursing studies.......................................................................................... Health/medical preparatory programs, other ................................................... Medical scientist (M.S., Ph.D.) ......................................................................... Substance abuse/addiction counseling............................................................

73,934 1,913 1,607 105 713 3,004 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1,266 4 7 2,201 365 2 1 446 1 14 0 1 287 9 1 1 0 20 222 0 0 0 10 35 3 93 223 11 701 385 210 298 1,443 1,603 11 132 66 0 46 1,565 0 5 69 69 456 100 256 5 423 0 109

10,017 440 64 3 16 123 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 2 0 529 76 1 0 62 0 0 0 0 55 2 0 0 0 4 21 0 0 0 4 13 0 61 76 6 142 85 27 68 557 607 2 45 12 0 13 350 0 1 19 31 200 44 66 0 108 0 30

63,917 1,473 1,543 102 697 2,881 68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1,228 2 7 1,672 289 1 1 384 1 14 0 1 232 7 1 1 0 16 201 0 0 0 6 22 3 32 147 5 559 300 183 230 886 996 9 87 54 0 33 1,215 0 4 50 38 256 56 190 5 315 0 79

44,939 157 1,272 95 1,470 2,431 78 236 12 52 3 2 13 0 59 13 24 23 54 0 8 4 3 3,020 515 40 3 7 6 0 0 0 284 0 0 0 0 0 2 28 19 0 35 0 0 6 0 26 4 0 0 5 3,032 174 2 14 0 4 3 83 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 19 90 86

9,670 37 61 11 32 101 1 159 7 24 1 1 10 0 36 4 16 12 32 0 0 2 3 957 173 9 0 0 6 0 0 0 66 0 0 0 0 0 1 11 3 0 12 0 0 4 0 13 2 0 0 3 943 83 2 5 0 2 1 20 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 8 44 17

35,269 120 1,211 84 1,438 2,330 77 77 5 28 2 1 3 0 23 9 8 11 22 0 8 2 0 2,063 342 31 3 7 0 0 0 0 218 0 0 0 0 0 1 17 16 0 23 0 0 2 0 13 2 0 0 2 2,089 91 0 9 0 2 2 63 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 11 46 69

4,361 4 28 608 17 54 6 16 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 56 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0

1,261 0 5 114 0 18 0 7 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 26 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0

3,100 4 23 494 17 36 6 9 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 30 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

440 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study 1 Psychiatric/mental health services technician ................................................. Clinical/medical social work ............................................................................. Community health services/liaison/counseling ................................................ Marriage and family therapy/counseling .......................................................... Clinical pastoral counseling/patient counseling ............................................... Psychoanalysis and psychotherapy................................................................. Mental health counseling/counselor ................................................................ Genetic counseling/counselor.......................................................................... Mental and social health services and allied professions, other ...................... Nursing—registered nurse training (RN, ASN, BSN, MSN)............................. Nursing administration ..................................................................................... Adult health nurse/nursing ............................................................................... Nurse anesthetist............................................................................................. Family practice nurse/nurse practitioner .......................................................... Maternal/child health and neonatal nurse/nursing ........................................... Nurse midwife/nursing midwifery ..................................................................... Nursing science ............................................................................................... Pediatric nurse/nursing .................................................................................... Psychiatric/mental health nurse/nursing .......................................................... Public health/community nurse/nursing ........................................................... Perioperative/operating room and surgical nurse/nursing................................ Clinical nurse specialist.................................................................................... Critical care nursing ......................................................................................... Occupational and environmental health nursing.............................................. Nursing, other .................................................................................................. Opthalmic technician/technologist ................................................................... Ophthalmic/optometric support services/allied professions, other................... Pharmacy (phar.md. and phar.md.) ................................................................. Pharmacy admin. and pharmacy policy and regulatory affairs........................ Pharmaceutics and drug design ...................................................................... Medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry......................................................... Natural products chemistry and pharmacognosy ............................................ Clinical and industrial drug development (M.S., Ph.D.).................................... Pharmacoeconomics/pharmaceutical economics ........................................... Clinical, hospital, and managed care pharmacy .............................................. Industrial and physical pharmacy and cosmetic sciences ............................... Pharmacy, pharmaceutical sciences, and administration, other ...................... Public health, general ...................................................................................... Environmental health ....................................................................................... Health/medical physics .................................................................................... Occupational health and industrial hygiene ..................................................... Public health education and promotion............................................................ Community health and preventive medicine .................................................... Maternal and child health................................................................................. International public health/international health ................................................ Health services administration......................................................................... Public health, other .......................................................................................... Art therapy/therapist......................................................................................... Dance therapy/therapist................................................................................... Music therapy/therapist.................................................................................... Occupational therapy/therapist ........................................................................ Orthotist/prosthetist ......................................................................................... Physical therapy/therapist ................................................................................ Therapeutic recreation/recreational therapy .................................................... Vocational rehabilitation counseling/counselor ................................................ Kinesiotherapy/kinesiotherapist ....................................................................... Assistive/augmentative technology and rehabiliation engineering................... Rehabilitation and therapeutic professions, other ............................................ Veterinary sciences/veterinary clinical sciences, general ................................ Veterinary anatomy.......................................................................................... Veterinary physiology....................................................................................... Veterinary microbiology and immunobiology.................................................... Veterinary pathology and pathobiology............................................................ Large animal/food animal/equine surgery and medicine ................................. Small/companion animal surgery and medicine .............................................. Comparative and laboratory animal medicine.................................................. Veterinary preventive medicine epidemiology/public health............................. Veterinary infectious diseases ......................................................................... Veterinary biomedical and clinical sciences, other........................................... Medical illustration/medical illustrator .............................................................. Medical informatics .......................................................................................... Dietetics/dietitian (RD) ..................................................................................... Clinical nutrition/nutritionist .............................................................................. Dietetics human nutrional services .................................................................. Dietetics and clinical nutrition services, other .................................................. Bioethics/medical ethics .................................................................................. Acupuncture..................................................................................................... Traditional Chinese/Asian medicine and Chinese herbology ........................... Naturopathic medicine/naturopathy (ND)......................................................... Ayurvedic medicine/ayurveda .......................................................................... Acupuncture and oriental medicine .................................................................

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

83 111 784 9 0 0 0 0 381 39,151 225 61 0 25 0 0 479 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,353 8 22 623 0 180 27 0 1 0 0 0 190 342 163 12 69 403 146 0 1 97 174 70 0 249 1,796 21 591 379 201 18 0 716 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 1,276 8 46 22 0 34 0 0 0 0

7 16 127 3 0 0 0 0 45 3,498 15 4 0 1 0 0 47 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 87 2 9 249 0 64 9 0 1 0 0 0 62 68 82 6 39 73 25 0 0 20 47 0 0 28 163 15 143 67 16 10 0 133 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 94 0 8 1 0 18 0 0 0 0

76 95 657 6 0 0 0 0 336 35,653 210 57 0 24 0 0 432 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,266 6 13 374 0 116 18 0 0 0 0 0 128 274 81 6 30 330 121 0 1 77 127 70 0 221 1,633 6 448 312 185 8 0 583 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 1,182 8 38 21 0 16 0 0 0 0

16 246 159 1,023 59 23 219 45 316 4,749 636 273 960 1,038 187 71 1,750 112 123 228 25 95 24 5 1,758 3 90 0 142 98 28 1 16 0 2 124 97 3,832 296 15 92 423 93 64 100 287 744 261 35 53 1,810 5 4,212 17 701 0 0 351 174 1 3 12 1 3 0 2 9 2 2 58 96 131 46 97 0 83 932 488 0 0 324

2 35 31 200 24 9 48 1 43 493 40 26 420 110 4 0 170 2 12 17 2 14 1 0 136 0 45 0 65 61 16 0 1 0 0 34 44 1,234 116 9 54 59 26 2 17 92 208 18 0 3 155 4 1,186 6 150 0 0 76 82 1 1 7 0 1 0 1 3 0 0 13 50 12 3 23 0 30 389 146 0 0 108

14 211 128 823 35 14 171 44 273 4,256 596 247 540 928 183 71 1,580 110 111 211 23 81 23 5 1,622 3 45 0 77 37 12 1 15 0 2 90 53 2,598 180 6 38 364 67 62 83 195 536 243 35 50 1,655 1 3,026 11 551 0 0 275 92 0 2 5 1 2 0 1 6 2 2 45 46 119 43 74 0 53 543 342 0 0 216

0 7 1 54 5 0 5 0 3 180 8 0 0 6 0 0 202 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 0 1 0 18 149 60 13 0 2 0 4 82 219 44 2 10 38 15 5 0 8 77 1 0 0 163 0 1,723 3 11 0 1 40 103 1 6 7 8 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 5 0 0 0 6 0 0 21 0 0

0 2 0 26 4 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 7 68 36 3 0 1 0 3 45 79 17 1 6 6 7 0 0 4 28 0 0 0 15 0 510 1 3 0 0 15 53 0 3 4 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 10 0 0

0 5 1 28 1 0 4 0 3 172 8 0 0 6 0 0 188 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 0 0 0 11 81 24 10 0 1 0 1 37 140 27 1 4 32 8 5 0 4 49 1 0 0 148 0 1,213 2 8 0 1 25 50 1 3 3 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 2 0 0 11 0 0

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 441 Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Alternative and complementary medicine and medical systems, other ........... Direct entry midwifery (LM, CPM).................................................................... Alternative and complementary medical support services, other .................... Massage therapy/therapeutic massage ........................................................... Movement therapy and movement education .................................................. Herbalism/herbalist .......................................................................................... Health professions and related clinical sciences, other ...................................

0 3 2 2 18 19 2,708

0 0 1 1 11 4 684

0 3 1 1 7 15 2,024

6 0 0 0 18 0 781

1 0 0 0 2 0 329

5 0 0 0 16 0 452

0 0 0 0 5 0 98

0 0 0 0 4 0 57

0 0 0 0 1 0 41

Legal professions and studies ............................................................................. Legal studies, general...................................................................................... Pre-law studies ................................................................................................ Advanced legal research/studies, general (M.C.L., M.L.I., M.S.L.)1 ................ Programs for foreign lawyers (LL.M., M.C.L.)................................................... American/U.S. law/legal studies/jurisprudence (M.C.J.)1 ................................. Banking, corporate, finance, and securities law1 ............................................. Comparative law (LL.M., M.C.L., J.S.D./S.J.D.) ................................................ Energy, environment, and natural resources law (M.S.)1 ................................. Health law (LL.M., M.J., J.S.D./S.J.D.).............................................................. International law and legal studies1 ................................................................. International business, trade, and tax law1 ...................................................... Tax law/taxation1 .............................................................................................. Legal research and advanced professional studies, other............................... Legal administrative assistant/secretary.......................................................... Legal assistant/paralegal ................................................................................. Court reporting/court reporter.......................................................................... Legal professions and studies, other ...............................................................

2,841 933 298 0 0 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 23 1,087 45 415

896 356 159 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 198 0 156

1,945 577 139 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 21 889 45 259

4,243 38 0 493 531 141 107 139 21 36 265 82 483 1,078 0 26 0 803

2,394 15 0 307 325 71 67 86 11 9 140 53 282 598 0 8 0 422

1,849 23 0 186 206 70 40 53 10 27 125 29 201 480 0 18 0 381

119 0 0 77 0 3 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 16 0 0 0 18

80 0 0 54 0 2 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 11 0 0 0 10

39 0 0 23 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 5 0 0 0 8

Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities ................................. Liberal arts and sciences/liberal studies .......................................................... General studies................................................................................................ Humanities/humanistic studies ........................................................................ Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities, other ...................

42,106 26,747 9,866 2,857 2,636

13,336 7,442 4,113 911 870

28,770 19,305 5,753 1,946 1,766

3,697 2,479 78 715 425

1,370 946 23 279 122

2,327 1,533 55 436 303

95 5 6 57 27

39 3 1 25 10

56 2 5 32 17

Library science .................................................................................................... Library science/librarianship ............................................................................ Library assistant/technician ............................................................................. Library science, other ......................................................................................

72 72 0 0

4 4 0 0

68 68 0 0

6,015 5,857 0 158

1,151 1,118 0 33

4,864 4,739 0 125

47 40 0 7

16 15 0 1

31 25 0 6

Mathematics and statistics .................................................................................. Mathematics, general....................................................................................... Mathematics, other .......................................................................................... Applied mathematics ....................................................................................... Computational mathematics ............................................................................ Applied mathematics, other ............................................................................. Statistics, general............................................................................................. Mathematical statistics and probability ............................................................ Statistics, other ................................................................................................ Mathematics and statistics, other.....................................................................

13,327 11,552 136 886 84 89 426 3 8 143

7,203 6,138 79 517 70 61 229 1 6 102

6,124 5,414 57 369 14 28 197 2 2 41

4,191 2,248 0 452 13 71 1,289 0 1 117

2,302 1,271 0 279 12 51 612 0 0 77

1,889 977 0 173 1 20 677 0 1 40

1,060 682 5 140 7 4 216 1 1 4

762 495 3 104 6 4 146 1 0 3

298 187 2 36 1 0 70 0 1 1

Military technologies ............................................................................................ Military technologies ........................................................................................

10 10

9 9

1 1

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

Multi/interdisciplinary studies............................................................................... Biological and physical sciences...................................................................... Peace studies and conflict resolution............................................................... Systems science and theory............................................................................ Mathematics and computer science ................................................................ Biopsychology.................................................................................................. Gerontology ..................................................................................................... Historic preservation and conservation............................................................ Cultural resource management and policy analysis ........................................ Medieval and renaissance studies ................................................................... Museology/museum studies ............................................................................ Science, technology and society...................................................................... Accounting and computer science................................................................... Behavioral sciences ......................................................................................... Natural sciences .............................................................................................. Nutrition sciences ............................................................................................ International/global studies .............................................................................. Holocaust and related studies ......................................................................... Ancient studies/civilization ............................................................................... Classical, ancient Mediterranean/Near Eastern studies/archaeology.............. Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies................................................. Neuroscience................................................................................................... Cognitive science............................................................................................. Multi-/interdisciplinary studies, other................................................................

29,162 1,638 175 42 381 117 160 116 0 36 21 385 12 995 246 483 1,539 0 87 63 83 1,115 457 21,011

9,537 687 56 20 283 19 25 30 0 10 3 212 5 238 104 64 549 0 30 21 28 443 261 6,449

19,625 951 119 22 98 98 135 86 0 26 18 173 7 757 142 419 990 0 57 42 55 672 196 14,562

4,047 278 262 120 42 2 199 126 1 16 192 117 0 140 82 393 96 14 6 1 68 75 9 1,808

1,378 102 84 43 30 1 31 31 0 6 27 48 0 38 32 52 60 8 3 0 21 44 4 713

2,669 176 178 77 12 1 168 95 1 10 165 69 0 102 50 341 36 6 3 1 47 31 5 1,095

876 41 10 6 14 0 18 1 0 6 0 15 0 18 0 88 0 0 3 5 0 296 14 341

410 26 7 4 9 0 5 0 0 2 0 10 0 4 0 20 0 0 2 1 0 171 6 143

466 15 3 2 5 0 13 1 0 4 0 5 0 14 0 68 0 0 1 4 0 125 8 198

Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ...................................................... Parks, recreation and leisure studies............................................................... Parks, recreation and leisure facilities management........................................ Health and physical education, general ...........................................................

22,164 2,625 2,665 7,619

11,289 1,208 1,362 3,979

10,875 1,417 1,303 3,640

3,199 300 211 926

1,573 140 89 448

1,626 160 122 478

222 22 20 27

118 12 9 16

104 10 11 11

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

442 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Sport and fitness administration/management ................................................ Kinesiology and exercise science .................................................................... Health and physical education/fitness, other ................................................... Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies, other ........................................

2,898 5,384 759 214

1,969 2,307 351 113

929 3,077 408 101

773 886 98 5

476 386 32 2

297 500 66 3

13 117 18 5

10 58 9 4

3 59 9 1

Philosophy and religious studies ......................................................................... Philosophy ....................................................................................................... Logic ................................................................................................................ Ethics ............................................................................................................... Philosophy, other.............................................................................................. Religion/religious studies ................................................................................. Christian studies .............................................................................................. Islamic studies ................................................................................................. Jewish/Judaic studies ...................................................................................... Religion/religious studies, other....................................................................... Philosophy and religious studies, other ...........................................................

11,152 6,163 9 35 108 3,967 156 1 218 29 466

7,046 4,364 8 14 84 2,098 102 0 77 17 282

4,106 1,799 1 21 24 1,869 54 1 141 12 184

1,578 682 7 8 0 560 33 2 101 4 181

972 483 5 3 0 348 18 1 31 4 79

606 199 2 5 0 212 15 1 70 0 102

595 338 6 0 0 210 0 0 3 0 38

391 230 6 0 0 125 0 0 2 0 28

204 108 0 0 0 85 0 0 1 0 10

Physical sciences and science technologies ....................................................... Physical sciences............................................................................................. Physical sciences......................................................................................... Astronomy .................................................................................................... Astrophysics................................................................................................. Planetary astronomy and science................................................................ Astronomy and astrophysics, other .............................................................. Atmospheric physics and dynamics ............................................................. Atmospheric sciences and meteorology, general......................................... Meteorology ................................................................................................. Atmospheric sciences and meteorology, other............................................. Chemistry, general ....................................................................................... Analytical chemistry ..................................................................................... Inorganic chemistry...................................................................................... Organic chemistry ........................................................................................ Physical and theoretical chemistry............................................................... Polymer chemistry........................................................................................ Chemical physics ......................................................................................... Chemistry, other ........................................................................................... Geology/earth science, general ................................................................... Geochemistry............................................................................................... Geophysics and seismology......................................................................... Paleontology................................................................................................. Hydrology and water resources science ...................................................... Oceanography, chemical and physical ......................................................... Geological and earth sciences/geosciences, other...................................... Physics, general ........................................................................................... Atomic/molecular physics............................................................................. Elementary particle physics ......................................................................... Nuclear physics............................................................................................ Optics/optical sciences ................................................................................ Acoustics...................................................................................................... Theoretical and mathematical physics ......................................................... Physics, other............................................................................................... Physical sciences, other...............................................................................

17,983 17,795 233 164 101 5 22 480 6 78 8 8,708 9 0 0 5 7 5 282 2,818 6 66 1 22 161 238 3,917 22 0 0 44 8 9 118 252

10,476 10,377 121 98 61 1 9 301 3 60 5 4,323 1 0 0 2 4 5 136 1,618 1 38 1 13 75 132 3,058 18 0 0 39 6 7 93 148

7,507 7,418 112 66 40 4 13 179 3 18 3 4,385 8 0 0 3 3 0 146 1,200 5 28 0 9 86 106 859 4 0 0 5 2 2 25 104

5,570 5,539 31 96 30 7 17 170 0 9 0 1,877 25 1 7 3 53 0 43 1,049 13 80 1 10 143 93 1,416 9 0 2 67 13 0 118 156

3,364 3,350 23 62 23 2 10 105 0 7 0 1,002 10 1 4 1 38 0 25 565 4 53 0 5 75 53 1,060 6 0 1 52 10 0 86 67

2,206 2,189 8 34 7 5 7 65 0 2 0 875 15 0 3 2 15 0 18 484 9 27 1 5 68 40 356 3 0 1 15 3 0 32 89

3,815 3,813 2 66 32 3 0 74 0 3 0 1,916 14 3 10 5 51 2 32 256 2 57 0 5 94 49 1,001 2 0 9 37 8 0 62 18

2,753 2,751 2 45 22 2 0 52 0 2 0 1,291 9 3 10 4 33 1 19 169 2 43 0 5 61 26 839 2 0 8 33 7 0 51 10

1,062 1,062 0 21 10 1 0 22 0 1 0 625 5 0 0 1 18 1 13 87 0 14 0 0 33 23 162 0 0 1 4 1 0 11 8

Science technologies/technicians.................................................................... Biology technician/biotechnology laboratory technician............................... Nuclear/nuclear power technology/technician.............................................. Chemical technology/technician................................................................... Physical science technologies/technicians, other ........................................ Science technologies/technicians, other ......................................................

188 30 0 9 1 148

99 11 0 4 1 83

89 19 0 5 0 65

31 2 4 0 0 25

14 0 3 0 0 11

17 2 1 0 0 14

2 2 0 0 0 0

2 2 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

Precision production ............................................................................................ Machine tool technology/machinist .................................................................. Tool and die technology/technician .................................................................. Welding technology/welder .............................................................................. Precision metal working, other......................................................................... Furniture design and manufacturing ................................................................

61 0 2 13 0 46

38 0 2 12 0 24

23 0 0 1 0 22

13 0 0 0 0 13

9 0 0 0 0 9

4 0 0 0 0 4

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

Psychology .......................................................................................................... Psychology, general ......................................................................................... Clinical psychology .......................................................................................... Cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics .................................................... Community psychology.................................................................................... Counseling psychology .................................................................................... Developmental and child psychology............................................................... Experimental psychology ................................................................................. Industrial and organizational psychology......................................................... Personality psychology .................................................................................... Physiological psychology/psychobiology ......................................................... Social psychology ............................................................................................ School psychology ........................................................................................... Educational psychology ...................................................................................

82,098 77,630 114 79 163 388 457 266 322 29 500 840 0 168

18,193 17,223 11 33 17 77 47 62 104 6 144 167 0 19

63,905 60,407 103 46 146 311 410 204 218 23 356 673 0 149

17,898 4,579 1,944 24 295 6,070 131 49 1,130 0 5 89 1,136 1,299

3,789 1,185 392 6 52 1,116 19 18 355 0 1 23 139 237

14,109 3,394 1,552 18 243 4,954 112 31 775 0 4 66 997 1,062

4,827 1,413 2,040 10 0 352 40 48 84 0 28 47 197 343

1,496 499 568 6 0 117 10 16 33 0 11 19 46 103

3,331 914 1,472 4 0 235 30 32 51 0 17 28 151 240

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 443 Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Psychometrics and quantitative psychology .................................................... Clinical child psychology .................................................................................. Environmental psychology ............................................................................... Health/medical psychology .............................................................................. Psychopharmacology ...................................................................................... Family psychology............................................................................................ Forensic psychology ........................................................................................ Psychology, other.............................................................................................

0 0 32 12 0 22 9 1,067

0 0 19 3 0 6 2 253

0 0 13 9 0 16 7 814

51 10 16 22 8 12 125 903

12 2 8 8 4 4 16 192

39 8 8 14 4 8 109 711

0 15 0 5 0 0 15 190

0 4 0 1 0 0 2 61

0 11 0 4 0 0 13 129

Public administration and social service professions........................................... Human services, general ................................................................................. Community organization and advocacy ........................................................... Public administration........................................................................................ Public policy analysis ....................................................................................... Social work ...................................................................................................... Youth services/administration .......................................................................... Social work, other ............................................................................................ Public administration and social service professions, other.............................

20,552 1,240 2,265 2,515 808 12,888 13 9 814

3,793 184 475 1,257 336 1,388 1 2 150

16,759 1,056 1,790 1,258 472 11,500 12 7 664

28,250 87 778 8,129 1,658 16,613 23 35 927

7,001 20 208 3,499 667 2,272 3 6 326

21,249 67 570 4,630 991 14,341 20 29 601

649 13 9 153 133 314 0 0 27

275 6 3 92 73 85 0 0 16

374 7 6 61 60 229 0 0 11

Security and protective services.......................................................................... Corrections ...................................................................................................... Criminal justice/law enforcement administration.............................................. Criminal justice/safety studies.......................................................................... Forensic science and technology..................................................................... Criminal justice/police science......................................................................... Security and loss prevention services.............................................................. Juvenile corrections ......................................................................................... Criminalistics and criminal science .................................................................. Corrections administration ............................................................................... Corrections and criminal justice, other............................................................. Fire protection and safety technology/technician ............................................. Fire services administration ............................................................................. Fire science/firefighting.................................................................................... Fire protection, other........................................................................................ Security and protective services, other............................................................

28,175 498 7,228 17,416 235 1,399 36 25 0 68 833 158 153 49 33 44

14,195 178 3,828 8,381 63 898 30 9 0 43 378 137 147 45 27 31

13,980 320 3,400 9,035 172 501 6 16 0 25 455 21 6 4 6 13

3,717 31 1,683 1,370 376 31 5 0 11 13 130 3 4 15 31 14

1,940 17 1,012 636 110 13 3 0 10 5 76 2 4 13 27 12

1,777 14 671 734 266 18 2 0 1 8 54 1 0 2 4 2

54 0 12 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

21 0 7 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

33 0 5 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Social sciences and history ................................................................................. Social sciences ................................................................................................ Social sciences, general .............................................................................. Anthropology ................................................................................................ Physical anthropology .................................................................................. Anthropology, other ...................................................................................... Archeology ................................................................................................... Criminology .................................................................................................. Demography and population studies............................................................ Economics, general...................................................................................... Applied economics....................................................................................... Econometrics and quantitative economics................................................... Development economics and international development............................. International economics ............................................................................... Economics, other ......................................................................................... Geography.................................................................................................... Cartography ................................................................................................. Geography, other.......................................................................................... International relations and affairs ................................................................. Political science and government, general................................................... American government and politics (United States) ...................................... Canadian government and politics............................................................... Political science and government, other....................................................... Sociology...................................................................................................... Urban studies/affairs .................................................................................... Social sciences, other ..................................................................................

150,357 120,549 8,261 7,418 0 24 172 4,307 0 23,025 241 137 95 201 370 4,233 110 68 6,369 34,761 112 0 708 26,939 798 2,200

73,834 56,431 3,257 2,284 0 9 53 2,051 0 15,471 164 99 30 94 203 2,668 92 48 2,370 18,298 60 0 362 7,698 319 801

76,523 64,118 5,004 5,134 0 15 119 2,256 0 7,554 77 38 65 107 167 1,565 18 20 3,999 16,463 52 0 346 19,241 479 1,399

16,110 13,588 633 1,067 10 2 19 293 18 2,256 172 2 241 121 32 782 14 11 3,026 1,748 94 0 27 2,009 376 635

7,810 6,429 246 366 5 1 5 142 6 1,426 109 2 114 68 17 468 9 6 1,425 922 47 0 17 666 134 228

8,300 7,159 387 701 5 1 14 151 12 830 63 0 127 53 15 314 5 5 1,601 826 47 0 10 1,343 242 407

3,811 2,956 15 522 0 1 14 13 6 811 12 0 7 10 9 206 0 0 57 611 1 0 6 558 40 57

2,188 1,687 6 236 0 0 8 6 1 574 8 0 4 9 4 115 0 0 35 392 1 0 5 225 25 33

1,623 1,269 9 286 0 1 6 7 5 237 4 0 3 1 5 91 0 0 22 219 0 0 1 333 15 24

History.............................................................................................................. History, general ............................................................................................ American history (United States) ................................................................. European history.......................................................................................... History and philosophy of science and technology ...................................... Public/applied history and archival administration ....................................... Asian history ................................................................................................ History, other ................................................................................................

29,808 29,287 42 17 140 18 0 304

17,403 17,137 24 13 67 4 0 158

12,405 12,150 18 4 73 14 0 146

2,522 2,406 19 5 25 24 1 42

1,381 1,334 10 2 11 3 0 21

1,141 1,072 9 3 14 21 1 21

855 801 15 0 20 0 5 14

501 471 7 0 11 0 3 9

354 330 8 0 9 0 2 5

Theology and religious vocations ........................................................................ Bible/biblical studies......................................................................................... Missions/missionary studies and missiology ................................................... Religious education ......................................................................................... Religious/sacred music .................................................................................... Theology/theological studies............................................................................ Pre-theology/pre-ministerial studies................................................................. Talmudic studies .............................................................................................. Theological and ministerial studies, other........................................................

8,126 2,306 331 909 175 1,177 191 859 638

5,381 1,512 151 434 89 805 147 859 412

2,745 794 180 475 86 372 44 0 226

5,486 464 221 446 66 2,491 0 309 444

3,238 328 117 227 32 1,494 0 309 261

2,248 136 104 219 34 997 0 0 183

1,304 24 51 21 2 602 0 31 251

1,024 19 41 14 0 471 0 31 207

280 5 10 7 2 131 0 0 44

1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

444 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 252. Bachelor’s, master’s, and doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student and field of study: 2003–04—Continued Bachelor’s degrees requiring 4 or 5 years Field of study

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Master’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Pastoral studies/counseling ............................................................................. Youth ministry................................................................................................... Pastoral counseling and specialized ministries, other...................................... Theology and religious vocations, other...........................................................

341 513 144 542

224 342 68 338

117 171 76 204

623 29 60 333

237 14 21 198

386 15 39 135

135 0 10 177

103 0 7 131

32 0 3 46

Transportation and materials moving................................................................... Aeronautics/aviation/aerospace science and technology, general................... Airline/commercial/professional pilot and flight crew ....................................... Aviation/airway management and operations .................................................. Air traffic controller ........................................................................................... Air transportation, other ................................................................................... Marine science/merchant marine officer.......................................................... Marine transportation, other ............................................................................ Transportation and materials moving, other.....................................................

4,824 2,500 1,107 811 116 15 258 0 17

4,263 2,235 1,011 668 93 15 229 0 12

561 265 96 143 23 0 29 0 5

728 4 594 56 0 42 0 0 32

609 3 525 48 0 27 0 0 6

119 1 69 8 0 15 0 0 26

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Visual and performing arts .................................................................................. Visual and performing arts, general................................................................. Crafts/craft design, folk art and artisanry......................................................... Dance, general................................................................................................. Ballet................................................................................................................ Dance, other .................................................................................................... Design and visual communications, general.................................................... Commercial and advertising art....................................................................... Industrial design............................................................................................... Commercial photography ................................................................................. Fashion/apparel design.................................................................................... Interior design .................................................................................................. Graphic design................................................................................................. Illustration ........................................................................................................ Design and applied arts, other......................................................................... Drama and dramatics/theatre arts, general ..................................................... Technical theatre/theatre design and technology............................................. Playwriting and screenwriting .......................................................................... Theatre literature, history and criticism............................................................ Acting............................................................................................................... Directing and theatrical production .................................................................. Theatre/theatre arts management ................................................................... Acting and directing ......................................................................................... Dramatic/theatre arts and stagecraft, other ..................................................... Film/cinema studies ......................................................................................... Cinematography and film/video production...................................................... Photography..................................................................................................... Film/video and photographic arts, other .......................................................... Art/art studies, general .................................................................................... Fine/studio arts, general .................................................................................. Art history, criticism and conservation ............................................................. Arts management ............................................................................................ Drawing............................................................................................................ Intermedia/multimedia ..................................................................................... Painting ............................................................................................................ Sculpture.......................................................................................................... Printmaking...................................................................................................... Ceramic arts and ceramics .............................................................................. Fiber, textile and weaving arts ......................................................................... Metal and jewelry arts...................................................................................... Fine arts and art studies, other........................................................................ Music, general.................................................................................................. Music history, literature, and theory ................................................................. Music performance, general ............................................................................ Music theory and composition ......................................................................... Musicology and ethnomusicology .................................................................... Conducting....................................................................................................... Piano and organ .............................................................................................. Voice and opera ............................................................................................... Music management and merchandising .......................................................... Jazz/jazz studies.............................................................................................. Violin, viola, guitar and other stringed instruments .......................................... Music pedagogy............................................................................................... Music, other ..................................................................................................... Visual and performing arts, other.....................................................................

77,181 1,890 167 1,620 43 28 3,105 3,326 1,224 3 1,284 2,678 2,925 859 645 8,158 238 75 43 261 22 22 45 194 1,760 2,034 1,555 817 13,121 7,735 2,892 369 242 774 753 294 150 223 123 116 1,836 6,724 125 3,476 415 45 3 117 229 917 180 103 50 651 497

30,037 721 31 139 6 3 1,378 1,470 795 0 96 196 1,132 448 400 2,932 87 44 21 122 11 5 21 73 1,152 1,332 568 503 4,364 2,817 428 84 84 474 323 135 58 68 4 21 646 3,296 52 1,659 311 31 2 41 54 571 155 37 21 425 190

47,144 1,169 136 1,481 37 25 1,727 1,856 429 3 1,188 2,482 1,793 411 245 5,226 151 31 22 139 11 17 24 121 608 702 987 314 8,757 4,918 2,464 285 158 300 430 159 92 155 119 95 1,190 3,428 73 1,817 104 14 1 76 175 346 25 66 29 226 307

12,906 133 6 215 6 0 207 231 115 15 12 189 108 25 247 1,140 79 74 7 112 33 5 0 35 272 474 192 45 845 1,065 605 265 37 81 215 74 51 65 35 29 350 1,533 32 2,037 183 45 98 164 198 6 84 123 26 239 444

5,531 49 1 24 1 0 70 116 66 5 1 35 41 6 109 468 33 45 2 59 17 1 0 13 154 277 86 26 341 470 98 56 14 49 101 34 17 30 1 6 141 758 15 952 145 18 66 43 55 0 69 37 6 137 167

7,375 84 5 191 5 0 137 115 49 10 11 154 67 19 138 672 46 29 5 53 16 4 0 22 118 197 106 19 504 595 507 209 23 32 114 40 34 35 34 23 209 775 17 1,085 38 27 32 121 143 6 15 86 20 102 277

1,282 1 0 8 0 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 77 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 18 3 0 0 20 0 211 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 432 11 289 56 21 24 26 13 0 5 9 4 19 20

572 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 0 0 4 0 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 213 7 141 42 11 23 9 5 0 5 6 0 12 6

710 1 0 8 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 49 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 11 2 0 0 16 0 166 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 219 4 148 14 10 1 17 8 0 0 3 4 7 14

1

1Includes

LL.M. and J.S.D./S.J.D. NOTE: Aggregations by field of study derived from the Classification of Instructional Programs developed by the National Center for Education Statistics.

Females

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 445 Degrees _

Table 253. Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by control of institution: 1969–70 through 2003–04 Public institutions

Year 1

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Private institutions Firstprofessional degrees1

Doctor’s degrees2

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Firstprofessional degrees1

Doctor’s degrees2

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1969–70..................................... 1970–71..................................... 1971–72..................................... 1972–73..................................... 1973–74.....................................

170,966 215,645 255,218 278,132 303,188

519,550 557,996 599,615 630,899 651,544

134,545 151,603 167,075 174,405 184,632

14,542 16,139 18,521 21,872 23,208

19,183 20,788 21,776 22,357 21,810

35,057 36,666 36,796 38,042 40,736

272,766 281,734 287,658 291,463 294,232

73,746 78,906 84,558 88,966 92,401

20,376 21,807 24,890 28,146 30,608

10,683 11,319 11,587 12,420 12,006

1974–75..................................... 1975–76..................................... 1976–77..................................... 1977–78..................................... 1978–79.....................................

318,474 345,006 355,650 358,874 346,808

634,785 635,161 630,463 627,903 621,666

193,804 206,298 208,901 202,099 192,016

23,612 25,766 26,344 27,097 27,785

22,176 21,751 21,229 20,456 20,817

41,697 46,448 50,727 53,372 55,894

288,148 290,585 289,086 293,301 299,724

98,646 105,473 108,263 109,521 109,063

32,304 36,883 38,015 39,484 41,063

11,907 12,313 12,003 11,675 11,913

1979–80..................................... 1980–81..................................... 1981–82..................................... 1982–83..................................... 1983–84.....................................

344,536 352,391 3 366,732 377,817 3 379,249

624,084 626,452 636,475 646,317 646,013

187,499 184,384 182,295 176,246 170,693

27,942 29,128 29,611 29,757 29,586

20,608 20,895 20,889 21,186 21,141

56,374 63,986 3 67,794 71,803 3 72,991

305,333 308,688 316,523 323,193 328,296

110,582 111,355 113,251 113,675 113,570

42,189 42,828 42,421 43,297 44,882

12,007 12,063 11,818 11,589 12,068

1984–85..................................... 1985–86..................................... 1986–87..................................... 1987–88..................................... 1988–89.....................................

377,625 369,052 358,811 354,180 357,001

652,246 658,586 659,260 658,491 675,675

170,000 169,903 167,797 173,778 179,109

30,152 29,568 29,346 29,153 28,993

21,337 21,433 21,870 22,488 22,970

77,087 76,995 77,493 80,905 79,763

327,231 329,237 332,004 336,338 343,080

116,251 118,664 121,552 125,539 131,512

44,911 44,342 42,271 41,582 41,863

11,606 12,220 12,171 12,382 12,750

1989–90..................................... 1990–91..................................... 1991–92..................................... 1992–93..................................... 1993–94.....................................

375,635 398,055 420,265 430,321 444,373

700,015 724,062 759,475 785,112 789,148

186,104 193,057 203,398 213,843 221,428

28,810 29,554 29,366 29,628 29,842

24,641 25,681 26,820 27,392 28,524

79,467 83,665 83,966 84,435 86,259

351,329 370,476 377,078 380,066 380,127

138,197 144,111 149,440 155,742 165,642

42,178 42,394 44,780 45,759 45,576

13,730 13,613 13,839 14,740 14,661

1994–95..................................... 1995–96..................................... 1996–97..................................... 1997–98..................................... 1998–994 ...................................

451,539 454,291 465,494 455,084 448,334

776,670 774,070 776,677 784,296 790,287

224,152 227,179 233,237 235,922 238,501

29,871 29,882 31,243 31,233 31,693

28,917 29,516 29,838 29,715 28,134

88,152 100,925 105,732 103,471 111,620

383,464 390,722 396,202 400,110 410,016

173,477 179,122 186,164 194,242 201,485

45,929 46,852 47,487 47,365 46,746

15,529 15,136 16,038 16,295 15,943

1999–2000................................. 2000–01..................................... 2001–02..................................... 2002–03..................................... 2003–04.....................................

448,446 456,487 471,660 497,132 524,875

810,855 812,438 841,512 875,420 905,718

243,157 246,054 249,828 265,695 285,138

32,247 32,633 33,439 33,549 34,499

28,408 28,187 27,622 28,069 29,706

116,487 122,378 123,473 135,780 140,426

427,020 431,733 450,388 473,083 493,824

213,899 222,422 232,290 246,950 273,802

47,810 47,074 47,259 47,261 48,542

16,400 16,717 16,538 17,955 18,672

1

Includes degrees that require at least 6 years of college work for completion (including at least 2 years of preprofessional training). 2 Doctor’s degrees include Ph.D., Ed.D., and comparable degrees at the doctoral level. Excludes first-professional degrees such as M.D., D.D.S., and law degrees. 3Data are approximations. 4 Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1969–70 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

446 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 254. Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by control of institution, level of degree, and discipline division: 2003–04 Public institutions Discipline division 1

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Private institutions

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees1

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

All fields, total .................................................................

524,875

905,718

285,138

29,706

140,426

493,824

273,802

18,672

Agriculture and natural resources............................................. Architecture and related services ............................................. Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies ................................ Biological and biomedical sciences .......................................... Business ...................................................................................

5,989 446 100 1,402 67,583

19,655 6,696 4,349 41,295 177,962

4,095 3,404 1,000 4,924 52,399

1,110 109 126 3,556 695

294 46 5 54 38,721

3,180 2,142 2,832 20,214 129,187

688 2,020 683 2,733 86,948

75 64 83 1,686 786

Communications, journalism, and related programs ................ Communications technologies.................................................. Computer and information sciences ......................................... Construction trades .................................................................. Education..................................................................................

1,808 2,505 22,220 2,849 11,070

49,275 1,057 30,202 109 75,152

3,337 86 9,935 0 83,978

331 0 549 0 4,639

636 896 19,625 711 1,395

21,693 977 29,286 10 31,126

3,198 279 10,208 0 78,367

87 8 360 0 2,449

Engineering .............................................................................. Engineering technologies2........................................................ English language and literature/letters ..................................... Family and consumer sciences ................................................ Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics..........................

1,869 21,689 817 8,883 999

48,593 10,338 37,143 16,278 11,966

23,350 1,445 5,585 1,371 2,273

4,294 12 898 228 672

868 15,226 11 595 48

14,965 4,053 16,841 2,894 5,788

9,348 1,054 2,371 423 851

1,629 46 309 101 359

Health professions and related clinical sciences ...................... Legal professions and studies .................................................. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ..... Library science ......................................................................... Mathematics and statistics .......................................................

81,665 4,994 218,520 113 790

48,560 1,717 29,581 72 8,651

23,997 1,027 1,812 4,863 3,246

2,266 24 22 42 689

24,543 4,472 9,130 1 11

25,374 1,124 12,525 0 4,676

20,942 3,216 1,885 1,152 945

2,095 95 73 5 371

Mechanics and repair technologies .......................................... Military technologies ................................................................. Multi/interdisciplinary studies.................................................... Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ........................... Philosophy and religious studies ..............................................

8,727 293 14,587 782 104

123 10 21,228 17,157 4,682

0 0 2,535 2,564 528

0 0 462 205 249

3,826 0 207 141 300

36 0 7,934 5,007 6,470

0 0 1,512 635 1,050

0 0 414 17 346

Physical sciences and science technologies ............................ Precision production ................................................................. Psychology ............................................................................... Public administration and social service professions................ Security and protective services...............................................

2,635 1,834 1,778 3,441 17,679

11,939 22 54,469 13,335 20,495

4,129 0 7,319 17,749 1,795

2,697 0 2,079 371 51

41 134 109 287 2,894

6,044 39 27,629 7,217 7,680

1,441 13 10,579 10,501 1,922

1,118 0 2,748 278 3

Social sciences and history ...................................................... Social sciences ..................................................................... History................................................................................... Theology and religious vocations ............................................. Transportation and materials moving........................................ Visual and performing arts .......................................................

6,046 5,688 358 2 825 9,831

99,282 80,043 19,239 4 2,094 42,227

9,857 7,924 1,933 0 88 6,447

2,423 1,860 563 0 0 907

199 187 12 490 392 14,118

51,075 40,506 10,569 8,122 2,730 34,954

6,253 5,664 589 5,486 640 6,459

1,388 1,096 292 1,304 0 375

1

Includes Ph.D., Ed.D., and comparable degrees at the doctoral level. Excludes first-professional degrees, such as M.D., D.D.S., and law degrees. 2Excludes “Construction trades” and “Mechanics and repair technologies,” which are listed separately. NOTE: To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS Fall survey: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes

Agriculture, agriculture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; and “Business” includes Business management, marketing, and related support services and Personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 255. Number of degree-granting institutions conferring degrees, by control, level of degree, and discipline division: 2003–04 Total number of institutions Discipline division 1

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Public institutions

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees1

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Private institutions

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees1

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

2,636

2,121

1,580

568

1,312

595

506

239

1,324

1,526

1,074

329

Agriculture and natural resources.......................................................... Architecture and related services .......................................................... Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies ............................................. Biological and biomedical sciences ....................................................... Business ................................................................................................

461 70 36 190 1,845

550 175 429 1,288 1,614

189 135 121 450 955

83 33 42 229 140

436 63 34 172 1,152

256 108 205 491 547

150 96 76 326 383

76 24 24 160 87

25 7 2 18 693

294 67 224 797 1,067

39 39 45 124 572

7 9 18 69 53

Communications, journalism, and related programs ............................. Communications technologies............................................................... Computer and information sciences ...................................................... Construction trades ............................................................................... Education...............................................................................................

241 282 1,450 255 564

1,025 86 1,355 10 1,170

271 14 439 0 1,002

58 2 137 0 267

200 247 912 235 482

408 39 499 7 432

181 3 256 0 443

44 0 89 0 174

41 35 538 20 82

617 47 856 3 738

90 11 183 0 559

14 2 48 0 93

Engineering ........................................................................................... Engineering technologies2..................................................................... English language and literature/letters .................................................. Family and consumer sciences ............................................................. Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics.......................................

246 1,163 137 638 155

435 327 1,284 323 896

296 125 451 142 203

186 8 140 42 93

213 873 130 590 142

241 212 491 205 399

199 86 307 107 147

135 3 92 33 61

33 290 7 48 13

194 115 793 118 497

97 39 144 35 56

51 5 48 9 32

Health professions and related clinical sciences ................................... Legal professions and studies ............................................................... Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities .................. Library science ...................................................................................... Mathematics and statistics ....................................................................

1,529 655 1,384 25 158

1,078 168 848 11 1,138

757 99 188 73 320

202 21 18 15 148

1,045 417 1,063 24 151

462 53 355 11 479

343 39 93 56 248

125 4 6 13 105

484 238 321 1 7

616 115 493 0 659

414 60 95 17 72

77 17 12 2 43

Mechanics and repair technologies ....................................................... Military technologies .............................................................................. Multi/interdisciplinary studies................................................................. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ........................................ Philosophy and religious studies ...........................................................

626 4 272 164 45

11 2 758 675 893

0 0 292 192 209

0 0 129 40 103

578 4 247 141 30

8 2 308 300 293

0 0 185 152 91

0 0 83 36 53

48 0 25 23 15

3 0 450 375 600

0 0 107 40 118

0 0 46 4 50

Physical sciences and science technologies ......................................... Precision production .............................................................................. Psychology ............................................................................................ Public administration and social service professions............................. Security and protective services............................................................

283 323 167 294 929

1,039 7 1,326 713 602

334 3 621 401 177

203 0 280 104 14

272 310 147 268 792

463 3 489 314 290

246 0 323 266 117

139 0 141 66 11

11 13 20 26 137

576 4 837 399 312

88 3 298 135 60

64 0 139 38 3

Social sciences and history ................................................................... Social sciences .................................................................................. History................................................................................................ Theology and religious vocations .......................................................... Transportation and materials moving..................................................... Visual and performing arts ....................................................................

237 229 85 79 98 718

1,310 1,247 1,166 390 82 1,328

421 355 328 287 12 399

173 163 133 116 0 101

210 203 81 1 86 513

500 493 464 1 46 463

300 248 254 0 4 248

116 109 90 0 0 67

27 26 4 78 12 205

810 754 702 389 36 865

121 107 74 287 8 151

57 54 43 116 0 34

1Includes

Ph.D., Ed.D., and comparable degrees at the doctoral level. Excludes first-professional degrees, such as M.D., D.D.S., and law degrees. 2Excludes “Construction trades” and “Mechanics and repair technologies,” which are listed separately. NOTE: To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS Fall survey: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agriculture operations, and related sciences and Natural

resources and conservation; and “Business” includes Business management, marketing, and related support services and Personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 447 Degrees

2 Total...............................................................................................

448 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 256. First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions in dentistry, medicine, and law, by sex of student, and number of institutions conferring degrees: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.) Number of institutions conferring degrees

Total

Males

2

3

4

1949–50.............................. 1951–52.............................. 1953–54.............................. 1955–56.............................. 1957–58..............................

40 41 42 42 43

2,579 2,918 3,102 3,009 3,065

1959–60.............................. 1961–62.............................. 1963–64.............................. 1964–65.............................. 1965–66.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1968–69..............................

45 46 46 46 47 48 —

1969–70.............................. 1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74..............................

Medicine (M.D.)

Law (LL.B. or J.D.)

Females

Number of institutions conferring degrees

Females

Number of institutions conferring degrees

Total

Males

5

6

7

8

Total

Males

Females

9

10

11

12

2,561 2,895 3,063 2,975 3,031

18 23 39 34 34

72 72 73 73 75

5,612 6,201 6,712 6,810 6,816

13

5,028 5,871 6,377 6,464 6,469

584 330 335 346 347

— — — 131 131

— — — 8,262 9,394

— — — 7,974 9,122

— — — 288 272

3,247 3,183 3,180 3,108 3,178 3,422 3,408

3,221 3,166 3,168 3,086 3,146 3,375 3,376

26 17 12 22 32 47 32

79 81 82 81 84 85 —

7,032 7,138 7,303 7,304 7,673 7,944 8,025

6,645 6,749 6,878 6,832 7,170 7,318 7,415

387 389 425 472 503 626 610

134 134 133 137 136 138 —

9,240 9,364 10,679 11,583 13,246 16,454 17,053

9,010 9,091 10,372 11,216 12,776 15,805 16,373

230 273 307 367 470 649 680

48 48 48 51 52

3,718 3,745 3,862 4,047 4,440

3,684 3,703 3,819 3,992 4,355

34 42 43 55 85

86 89 92 97 99

8,314 8,919 9,253 10,307 11,356

7,615 8,110 8,423 9,388 10,093

699 809 830 919 1,263

145 147 147 152 151

14,916 17,421 21,764 27,205 29,326

14,115 16,181 20,266 25,037 25,986

801 1,240 1,498 2,168 3,340

1974–75.............................. 1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79..............................

52 56 57 57 58

4,773 5,425 5,138 5,189 5,434

4,627 5,187 4,764 4,623 4,794

146 238 374 566 640

104 107 109 109 109

12,447 13,426 13,461 14,279 14,786

10,818 11,252 10,891 11,210 11,381

1,629 2,174 2,570 3,069 3,405

154 166 169 169 175

29,296 32,293 34,104 34,402 35,206

24,881 26,085 26,447 25,457 25,180

4,415 6,208 7,657 8,945 10,026

1979–80.............................. 1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84..............................

58 58 59 59 60

5,258 5,460 5,282 5,585 5,353

4,558 4,672 4,467 4,631 4,302

700 788 815 954 1,051

112 116 119 118 119

14,902 15,505 15,814 15,484 15,813

11,416 11,672 11,867 11,350 11,359

3,486 3,833 3,947 4,134 4,454

179 176 180 177 179

35,647 36,331 35,991 36,853 37,012

24,893 24,563 23,965 23,550 23,382

10,754 11,768 12,026 13,303 13,630

1984–85.............................. 1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89..............................

59 59 58 57 58

5,339 5,046 4,741 4,477 4,265

4,233 3,907 3,603 3,300 3,124

1,106 1,139 1,138 1,177 1,141

120 120 121 122 124

16,041 15,938 15,428 15,358 15,460

11,167 11,022 10,431 10,278 10,310

4,874 4,916 4,997 5,080 5,150

181 181 179 180 182

37,491 35,844 36,056 35,397 35,634

23,070 21,874 21,561 21,067 21,069

14,421 13,970 14,495 14,330 14,565

1989–90.............................. 1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94..............................

57 55 52 55 53

4,100 3,699 3,593 3,605 3,787

2,834 2,510 2,431 2,383 2,330

1,266 1,189 1,162 1,222 1,457

124 121 120 122 121

15,075 15,043 15,243 15,531 15,368

9,923 9,629 9,796 9,679 9,544

5,152 5,414 5,447 5,852 5,824

182 179 177 184 185

36,485 37,945 38,848 40,302 40,044

21,079 21,643 22,260 23,182 22,826

15,406 16,302 16,588 17,120 17,218

1994–95.............................. 1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–99..............................

53 53 52 53 53

3,897 3,697 3,784 4,032 4,144

2,480 2,374 2,387 2,490 2,674

1,417 1,323 1,397 1,542 1,470

119 119 118 117 118

15,537 15,341 15,571 15,424 15,562

9,507 9,061 9,121 9,006 8,954

6,030 6,280 6,450 6,418 6,608

183 183 184 185 188

39,349 39,828 40,079 39,331 39,167

22,592 22,508 22,548 21,876 21,628

16,757 17,320 17,531 17,455 17,539

1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

54 54 53 53 53

4,250 4,391 4,239 4,344 4,335

2,547 2,696 2,608 2,653 2,532

1,703 1,695 1,631 1,691 1,803

118 118 118 118 118

15,286 15,403 15,237 15,034 15,442

8,761 8,728 8,469 8,221 8,273

6,525 6,675 6,768 6,813 7,169

190 192 192 194 195

38,152 37,904 38,981 39,067 40,209

20,638 19,981 20,254 19,916 20,332

17,514 17,923 18,727 19,151 19,877

Year 1

Degrees conferred

—Not available. NOTE: Data for 1998–99 were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1949–50 through 1964–65; Higher Education General Information

Degrees conferred

Degrees conferred

Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1965–66 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 257. First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex of student, control of institution, and field of study: Selected years, 1985–86 through 2003–04 Total

2002–03

2003–04

1999– 2000

2000–01

2001–02

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

78,598

78,439

80,057

79,707

80,698

80,810

41,834

38,976

83,041

42,169

40,872

3,784 15,571 1,264 2,011 2,708

4,032 15,424 1,274 2,110 3,660

4,144 15,562 1,285 2,135 3,992

4,250 15,286 1,293 2,236 5,669

4,391 15,403 1,289 2,450 6,324

4,239 15,237 1,280 2,416 7,076

4,344 15,034 1,281 2,529 7,465

2,653 8,221 567 1,479 2,599

1,691 6,813 714 1,050 4,866

4,335 15,442 1,275 2,722 8,221

2,532 8,273 543 1,567 2,711

1,803 7,169 732 1,155 5,510

650 2,109 3,379 39,828

614 2,188 3,654 40,079

594 2,193 3,735 39,331

578 2,226 3,639 39,167

569 2,251 3,809 38,152

528 2,248 3,796 37,904

474 2,289 3,284 38,981

438 2,354 2,718 39,067

281 680 1,867 19,916

157 1,674 851 19,151

382 2,228 2,730 40,209

221 569 1,868 20,332

161 1,659 862 19,877

5,978 75

5,879 170

5,859 998

5,873 372

5,558 153

6,129 413

5,026 348

5,195 227

5,351 229

3,499 72

1,852 157

5,332 165

3,511 42

1,821 123

29,842

29,871

29,882

31,243

31,233

31,693

32,247

32,633

33,439

33,549

16,828

16,721

34,499

16,881

17,618

2,167 9,370 460 490 1,171

2,189 9,506 471 531 1,185

2,236 9,599 461 492 1,344

2,198 9,370 499 528 1,557

2,350 9,773 498 527 1,765

2,468 9,474 537 568 2,212

2,479 9,515 488 548 2,503

2,512 9,389 493 535 3,485

2,477 9,408 497 562 3,876

2,525 9,390 503 538 4,382

2,493 9,276 481 571 4,558

1,591 5,120 191 315 1,638

902 4,156 290 256 2,920

2,498 9,418 476 586 4,930

1,509 5,084 191 335 1,671

989 4,334 285 251 3,259

0 1,814 0 14,290

0 1,840 0 14,130

0 1,895 0 14,065

0 1,927 0 13,812

0 1,889 0 13,841

0 1,950 0 14,380

103 1,971 0 13,900

97 1,989 0 14,074

84 2,021 0 13,728

84 2,017 0 13,712

75 2,052 0 13,974

81 2,023 0 14,066

46 595 0 7,332

35 1,428 0 6,734

64 1,912 0 14,615

34 492 0 7,565

30 1,420 0 7,050

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

Total, private institutions.........................

44,342

42,394

45,759

45,576

45,929

46,852

47,487

47,365

46,746

47,810

47,074

47,259

47,261

25,006

22,255

48,542

25,288

23,254

Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.) ............................... Medicine (M.D.).................................................. Optometry (O.D.) ............................................... Osteopathic medicine (D.O.).............................. Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) ........................................ Podiatry (Pod.D. or D.P.) or podiatric medicine (D.P.M.) ........................................................ Veterinary medicine (D.V.M.) ............................. Chiropractic (D.C. or D.C.M.) ............................. Law (LL.B. or J.D.) ............................................. Theology (M. Div., M.H.L., B.D., or Ord. and M.H.L./Rav.)................................................. Other..................................................................

2,219 5,947 588 1,061 430

1,391 5,679 638 966 436

1,438 6,161 688 1,137 733

1,598 5,862 632 1,267 751

1,661 5,938 724 1,362 920

1,499 5,971 732 1,367 998

1,434 5,798 766 1,484 943

1,564 5,950 737 1,542 1,448

1,665 6,047 797 1,587 1,489

1,738 5,897 800 1,701 2,184

1,914 5,995 792 1,888 2,448

1,714 5,847 777 1,878 2,694

1,851 5,758 800 1,958 2,907

1,062 3,101 376 1,164 961

789 2,657 424 794 1,946

1,837 6,024 799 2,136 3,291

1,023 3,189 352 1,232 1,040

814 2,835 447 904 2,251

612 339 3,395 22,425

589 218 2,640 23,655

476 217 2,799 26,172

465 194 2,806 25,979

545 221 2,968 25,537

650 220 3,379 25,987

614 238 3,654 25,699

491 222 3,735 25,431

481 237 3,639 25,093

485 230 3,809 24,424

444 231 3,796 24,192

399 237 3,284 25,007

357 331 2,718 25,001

235 85 1,867 12,584

122 246 851 12,417

318 316 2,730 25,594

187 77 1,868 12,767

131 239 862 12,827

7,283 43

5,695 487

5,447 491

5,967 55

5,978 75

5,879 170

5,859 998

5,873 372

5,558 153

6,129 413

5,026 348

5,195 227

5,351 229

3,499 72

1,852 157

5,332 165

3,511 42

1,821 123

Control of institution and field of study

1997–98 1998–991

1985–86

1990–91

1992–93

1993–94

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Total, all institutions ................................

73,910

71,948

75,387

75,418

75,800

76,734

78,730

Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.) ............................... Medicine (M.D.).................................................. Optometry (O.D.) ............................................... Osteopathic medicine (D.O.).............................. Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) ........................................ Podiatry (Pod.D. or D.P.) or podiatric medicine (D.P.M.) ........................................................ Veterinary medicine (D.V.M.) ............................. Chiropractic (D.C. or D.C.M.) ............................. Law (LL.B. or J.D.) ............................................. Theology (M. Div., M.H.L., B.D., or Ord. and M.H.L./Rav.)................................................. Other..................................................................

5,046 15,938 1,029 1,547 903

3,699 15,043 1,115 1,459 1,244

3,605 15,531 1,148 1,627 1,904

3,787 15,368 1,103 1,798 1,936

3,897 15,537 1,185 1,854 2,264

3,697 15,341 1,231 1,895 2,555

612 2,270 3,395 35,844

589 2,032 2,640 37,945

476 2,057 2,799 40,302

465 2,089 2,806 40,044

545 2,148 2,968 39,349

7,283 43

5,695 487

5,447 491

5,967 55

Total, public institutions..........................

29,568

29,554

29,628

Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.) ............................... Medicine (M.D.).................................................. Optometry (O.D.) ............................................... Osteopathic medicine (D.O.).............................. Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) ........................................ Podiatry (Pod.D. or D.P.) or podiatric medicine (D.P.M.) ........................................................ Veterinary medicine (D.V.M.) ............................. Chiropractic (D.C. or D.C.M.) ............................. Law (LL.B. or J.D.) ............................................. Theology (M. Div., M.H.L., B.D., or Ord. and M.H.L./Rav.)................................................. Other..................................................................

2,827 9,991 441 486 473

2,308 9,364 477 493 808

0 1,931 0 13,419

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Includes degrees that require at least 6 years of college work for completion (including at least 2 years of preprofessional training). SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information

Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred, 1985–86” survey; and 1990–91 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:91–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 449 Degrees

1Data

Females

450 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees _

Table 258. Associate’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 Number of degrees conferred

Percentage distribution of degrees conferred

American Asian/ Indian/ Pacific Alaska Islander Native

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

12

13

14

15

8.2 8.6 8.3 8.0 7.5

4.1 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.7

1.7 2.1 2.3 2.9 2.9

0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8

0.8 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.3

81.2 81.1 79.9 79.1 77.9

8.1 8.0 8.3 8.6 8.7

5.3 5.4 5.9 6.1 6.7

3.2 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.8

0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0

1.4 1.6 1.7 1.9 1.8

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

76.7 75.2 74.0 73.1 72.4

9.4 9.9 9.9 10.3 10.7

6.9 7.6 8.2 8.7 9.1

4.2 4.4 4.5 4.9 4.9

1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2

1.8 1.9 2.2 1.9 1.8

11,561 12,277 13,441 14,533

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

71.0 70.2 69.2 68.5

11.0 11.3 11.9 12.2

9.9 10.1 10.5 10.9

4.9 5.2 5.2 5.0

1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2

2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2

1,216 1,108 1,198 1,323 1,364

2,155 4,295 3,696 3,195 2,835

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

85.0 82.3 82.6 82.1 83.1

7.3 7.8 7.4 7.0 6.5

4.3 4.5 4.5 5.0 4.9

1.7 2.5 2.9 3.5 3.2

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7

1.0 2.3 1.9 1.7 1.5

7,164 7,349 7,937 8,289 9,252

1,439 1,545 1,680 1,837 2,098

3,292 3,418 3,803 4,085 4,354

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

81.5 81.4 80.1 79.4 78.0

7.1 7.0 7.4 7.9 7.7

5.4 5.6 6.1 6.1 7.2

3.6 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.2

0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

1.7 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0

15,740 17,990 19,108 19,379 20,946

10,229 10,937 10,953 11,671 12,010

1,993 2,068 2,252 2,241 2,225

4,381 4,677 5,402 4,930 4,258

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

77.1 75.4 74.1 73.6 73.1

8.2 8.7 8.6 8.9 9.3

7.2 8.0 8.8 8.9 9.3

4.7 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.3

0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0

2.0 2.1 2.5 2.3 1.9

22,147 22,806 25,518 25,961

23,350 23,963 26,300 27,828

12,339 13,256 14,048 13,907

2,294 2,308 2,619 2,740

5,193 5,154 5,616 5,778

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

71.8 71.7 70.7 70.7

9.6 9.6 10.1 10.0

10.1 10.1 10.4 10.7

5.3 5.6 5.6 5.3

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1

2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

164,054 187,925 198,065 203,887 217,862

17,829 21,040 21,607 21,780 21,824

7,531 9,473 10,846 11,167 12,134

3,414 4,093 4,422 6,153 6,896

1,282 1,476 1,755 2,008 2,066

1,174 2,348 2,711 3,186 3,125

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

84.0 83.0 82.7 82.2 82.6

9.1 9.3 9.0 8.8 8.3

3.9 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.6

1.7 1.8 1.8 2.5 2.6

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8

0.6 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.2

229,406 239,895 241,594 248,789 250,405

24,692 25,699 27,197 28,592 30,340

14,802 15,598 17,269 18,904 20,292

8,093 8,472 8,826 10,155 11,425

2,432 2,515 2,728 3,039 3,384

3,661 4,571 5,178 5,892 5,493

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

81.0 80.8 79.8 78.9 77.9

8.7 8.7 9.0 9.1 9.4

5.2 5.3 5.7 6.0 6.3

2.9 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.6

0.9 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1

1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 1.7

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Nonresident alien

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Total 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–894 ......................... 1989–90...........................

404,956 410,174 429,815 432,144 455,102

342,290 339,167 355,343 354,865 376,816

33,159 35,330 35,791 34,664 34,326

16,636 17,800 19,407 20,384 21,504

7,044 8,650 9,914 12,519 13,066

2,498 2,584 2,953 3,331 3,430

3,329 6,643 6,407 6,381 5,960

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

84.5 82.7 82.7 82.1 82.8

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

481,720 504,231 514,756 530,632 539,691

391,264 408,871 411,435 419,694 420,656

38,835 40,228 42,886 45,523 47,067

25,540 27,262 30,283 32,118 35,962

15,257 15,821 16,763 18,444 20,677

3,871 4,060 4,408 4,876 5,482

6,953 7,989 8,981 9,977 9,847

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–995 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

555,216 571,226 558,555 559,954 564,933

426,106 429,464 413,561 409,086 408,772

52,014 56,306 55,314 57,439 60,221

38,254 43,549 45,876 48,670 51,573

23,138 25,159 25,196 27,586 27,782

5,573 5,984 6,246 6,424 6,497

10,131 10,764 12,362 10,749 10,088

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

578,865 595,133 632,912 665,301

411,075 417,733 437,794 456,047

63,855 67,343 75,430 81,183

57,288 60,003 66,175 72,270

28,463 30,945 32,610 33,149

6,623 6,832 7,462 8,119

Males 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–894 ......................... 1989–90...........................

209,672 183,819 190,409 183,963 191,195

178,236 151,242 157,278 150,978 158,954

15,330 14,290 14,184 12,884 12,502

9,105 8,327 8,561 9,217 9,370

3,630 4,557 5,492 6,366 6,170

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

198,634 207,481 211,964 215,261 218,352

161,858 168,976 169,841 170,905 170,251

14,143 14,529 15,689 16,931 16,727

10,738 11,664 13,014 13,214 15,670

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–995 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

219,514 223,948 217,613 218,417 224,721

169,230 168,882 161,212 160,794 164,315

17,941 19,394 18,686 19,402 20,967

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

231,645 238,109 253,060 260,033

166,322 170,622 178,959 183,819

Females 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–894 ......................... 1989–90...........................

195,284 226,355 239,406 248,181 263,907

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

283,086 296,750 302,792 315,371 321,339

Year and sex 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 451 Degrees

Table 258. Associate’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04—Continued Number of degrees conferred

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

5

6

7

8

34,073 36,912 36,628 38,037 39,254

22,514 25,559 26,768 29,291 30,627

12,909 14,222 14,243 15,915 15,772

3,580 3,916 3,994 4,183 4,272

41,708 44,537 49,912 55,222

33,938 36,040 39,875 44,442

16,124 17,689 18,562 19,242

4,329 4,524 4,843 5,379

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

2

3

4

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–995 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

335,702 347,278 340,942 341,537 340,212

256,876 260,582 252,349 248,292 244,457

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

347,220 357,024 379,852 405,268

244,753 247,111 258,835 272,228

Year and sex 1

Percentage distribution of degrees conferred

1Excludes 1,170 males and 251 females whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 2Excludes 4,819 males and 1,384 females whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 3 Excludes 1,033 males and 1,512 females whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 4Excludes 2,353 males and 2,267 females whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 5Data were imputed using alternative procedures.

NOTE: For years 1984–85 to 2003–04, reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Black includes

Total

Black, nonHispanic

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

5,750 6,087 6,960 5,819 5,830

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

76.5 75.0 74.0 72.7 71.9

10.1 10.6 10.7 11.1 11.5

6.7 7.4 7.9 8.6 9.0

3.8 4.1 4.2 4.7 4.6

1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3

1.7 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.7

6,368 7,123 7,825 8,755

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

70.5 69.2 68.1 67.2

12.0 12.5 13.1 13.6

9.8 10.1 10.5 11.0

4.6 5.0 4.9 4.7

1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3

1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

White, nonHispanic

Nonresident alien

African American, Pacific Islander includes Native Hawaiian, and Hispanic includes Latino. Race categories exclude Hispanic origin unless specified. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1976–77 through 1984–85; and 1988–89 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:89–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total

Major field of study 1

Males

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 2

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

3

4

5

6

7

All fields, total ............................................... 665,301 456,047

81,183

72,270

33,149

8,119

Nonresident alien

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

8

9

Females Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

10

11

12

13

14

14,533 260,033 183,819

25,961

27,828

13,907

2,740

Nonresident alien 15

White, Black, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 16

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

17

18

19

20

21

22

5,778 405,268 272,228

55,222

44,442

19,242

5,379

8,755

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Agriculture and natural resources........................... 6,283 Architecture and related services ........................... 492 Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies .............. 105 Biological and biomedical sciences ........................ 1,456 Business ................................................................. 106,304

5,887 330 20 912 68,615

61 35 21 115 16,359

117 85 13 185 10,764

45 12 2 147 5,963

92 2 46 48 1,304

81 28 3 49 3,299

3,928 180 40 471 35,720

3,696 98 9 316 24,526

42 22 7 34 4,247

69 44 6 55 3,427

24 7 0 42 1,972

56 1 18 9 371

41 8 0 15 1,177

2,355 312 65 985 70,584

2,191 232 11 596 44,089

19 13 14 81 12,112

48 41 7 130 7,337

21 5 2 105 3,991

36 1 28 39 933

40 20 3 34 2,122

Communications, journalism, and related programs .......................................................... Communications technologies................................ Computer and information sciences ....................... Construction trades ................................................ Education................................................................

2,444 3,401 41,845 3,560 12,465

1,779 2,506 27,160 3,095 7,931

266 294 6,485 186 2,066

204 322 4,084 150 1,689

81 124 2,666 70 199

28 58 412 54 457

86 97 1,038 5 123

1,188 1,926 28,717 3,360 2,198

902 1,409 19,540 2,940 1,452

106 166 3,706 177 287

105 210 2,839 137 298

30 65 1,774 63 49

19 34 242 41 87

26 42 616 2 25

1,256 1,475 13,128 200 10,267

877 1,097 7,620 155 6,479

160 128 2,779 9 1,779

99 112 1,245 13 1,391

51 59 892 7 150

9 24 170 13 370

60 55 422 3 98

Engineering ............................................................ Engineering technologies1...................................... English language and literature/letters ................... Family and consumer sciences .............................. Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics........

2,737 36,915 828 9,478 1,047

1,573 26,158 531 4,991 723

298 4,033 73 2,153 51

530 3,983 140 1,677 192

175 1,848 52 330 24

43 429 10 171 18

118 464 22 156 39

2,160 31,452 266 394 180

1,277 22,569 158 229 114

227 3,176 21 63 6

396 3,442 50 63 43

138 1,563 29 18 11

25 328 3 9 3

97 374 5 12 3

577 5,463 562 9,084 867

296 3,589 373 4,762 609

71 857 52 2,090 45

134 541 90 1,614 149

37 285 23 312 13

18 101 7 162 15

21 90 17 144 36

Health professions and related clinical sciences .... 106,208 78,649 Legal professions and studies ................................ 9,466 6,410 Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ........................................................ 227,650 154,929 Library science ....................................................... 114 97 Mathematics and statistics ..................................... 801 461

13,617 1,702

8,219 1,030

3,771 161

1,088 120

864 43

13,837 939

9,660 580

1,584 201

1,454 116

802 21

154 14

183 7

92,371 8,527

68,989 5,830

12,033 1,501

6,765 914

2,969 140

934 106

681 36

23,837 1 38

27,705 5 138

12,650 7 106

2,547 3 11

5,982 1 47

83,216 13 502

57,967 11 294

7,674 0 23

9,462 2 87

4,935 0 60

789 0 5

2,389 144,434 0 101 33 299

96,962 86 167

16,163 1 15

18,243 3 51

7,715 7 46

1,758 3 6

3,593 1 14

Mechanics and repair technologies ........................ Military technologies ............................................... Multi/interdisciplinary studies.................................. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ......... Philosophy and religious studies ............................

12,553 293 14,794 923 404

9,705 176 9,863 717 335

829 73 1,463 98 14

1,165 32 1,673 48 29

607 9 1,311 21 18

147 3 124 13 0

100 0 360 26 8

11,825 240 6,404 540 104

9,240 152 4,329 408 72

735 52 670 67 7

1,083 26 671 28 16

543 8 542 15 8

134 2 45 7 0

90 0 147 15 1

728 53 8,390 383 300

465 24 5,534 309 263

94 21 793 31 7

82 6 1,002 20 13

64 1 769 6 10

13 1 79 6 0

10 0 213 11 7

Physical sciences and science technologies .......... Precision production ............................................... Psychology ............................................................. Public administration and social service professions ....................................................... Security and protective services.............................

2,676 1,968 1,887

1,817 1,733 1,206

223 63 166

252 88 354

244 45 80

32 34 37

108 5 44

1,540 1,828 434

1,078 1,615 272

113 59 39

157 82 80

124 42 22

16 25 9

52 5 12

1,136 140 1,453

739 118 934

110 4 127

95 6 274

120 3 58

16 9 28

56 0 32

3,728 20,573

1,957 14,784

966 2,494

558 2,491

112 484

90 267

45 53

444 12,002

195 9,397

130 861

85 1,298

15 312

14 111

5 23

3,284 8,571

1,762 5,387

836 1,633

473 1,193

97 172

76 156

40 30

Social sciences and history .................................... Social sciences ................................................... History................................................................. Theology and religious vocations ........................... Transportation and materials moving...................... Visual and performing arts .....................................

6,245 5,875 370 492 1,217 23,949

3,580 3,304 276 338 921 16,158

749 735 14 112 69 2,173

1,155 1,094 61 11 135 3,047

429 417 12 8 45 1,303

157 152 5 7 12 255

175 173 2 16 35 1,013

2,088 1,883 205 220 1,035 10,642

1,244 1,090 154 134 802 7,134

214 205 9 61 52 1,132

377 340 37 8 109 1,503

151 148 3 4 42 476

43 42 1 2 8 116

59 58 1 11 22 281

4,157 3,992 165 272 182 13,307

2,336 2,214 122 204 119 9,024

535 530 5 51 17 1,041

778 754 24 3 26 1,544

278 269 9 4 3 827

114 110 4 5 4 139

116 115 1 5 13 732

1Excludes “Construction trades” and “Mechanics and repair technologies,” which are listed separately. NOTE: Reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS Fall survey: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agri-

culture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; and “Business” includes Business management, marketing, and related support services, and Personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

452 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 259. Associate’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2003–04

Table 260. Associate’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2002–03 Total

Major field of study 1

Males

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 2

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

3

4

5

6

7

All fields, total ............................................... 632,912 437,794

75,430

66,175

32,610

7,462

Nonresident alien

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

8

9

Females Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

10

11

12

13

14

13,441 253,060 178,959

25,518

26,300

14,048

2,619

Nonresident alien 15

White, Black, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 16

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

17

18

19

20

21

22

5,616 379,852 258,835

49,912

39,875

18,562

4,843

7,825

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Agriculture and natural resources........................... 6,208 Architecture and related services ........................... 440 Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies .............. 126 Biological and biomedical sciences ........................ 1,496 Business ................................................................. 102,157

5,843 334 21 987 66,982

50 31 24 126 15,439

143 37 24 188 10,047

34 22 3 128 5,554

98 3 48 24 1,194

40 13 6 43 2,941

3,946 109 33 443 33,940

3,728 72 4 300 23,184

32 16 6 32 4,245

76 14 8 58 3,266

20 5 1 32 1,793

65 0 13 4 329

25 2 1 17 1,123

2,262 331 93 1,053 68,217

2,115 262 17 687 43,798

18 15 18 94 11,194

67 23 16 130 6,781

14 17 2 96 3,761

33 3 35 20 865

15 11 5 26 1,818

Communications, journalism, and related programs .......................................................... Communications technologies................................ Computer and information sciences ....................... Construction trades ................................................ Education................................................................

2,602 3,300 46,089 3,001 11,199

1,926 2,488 29,806 2,592 7,439

267 303 7,036 163 1,705

237 272 4,412 138 1,387

90 102 3,216 48 169

22 32 444 53 388

60 103 1,175 7 111

1,253 1,796 30,654 2,845 2,186

948 1,349 20,905 2,474 1,470

114 176 3,828 145 321

122 169 2,979 130 257

39 51 2,033 48 43

6 17 248 41 63

24 34 661 7 32

1,349 1,504 15,435 156 9,013

978 1,139 8,901 118 5,969

153 127 3,208 18 1,384

115 103 1,433 8 1,130

51 51 1,183 0 126

16 15 196 12 325

36 69 514 0 79

Engineering ............................................................ Engineering technologies1...................................... English language and literature/letters ................... Family and consumer sciences .............................. Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics........

2,176 39,957 896 9,471 1,050

1,373 27,939 614 5,368 775

224 4,553 85 2,090 53

335 4,099 110 1,413 161

144 2,556 47 328 24

22 399 9 133 8

78 411 31 139 29

1,817 33,550 272 386 208

1,185 23,773 178 209 143

173 3,544 30 73 7

268 3,509 36 60 39

120 2,111 17 29 8

14 294 6 4 1

57 319 5 11 10

359 6,407 624 9,085 842

188 4,166 436 5,159 632

51 1,009 55 2,017 46

67 590 74 1,353 122

24 445 30 299 16

8 105 3 129 7

21 92 26 128 19

Health professions and related clinical sciences .... 90,536 67,569 Legal professions and studies ................................ 8,390 5,771 Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ........................................................ 216,814 149,494 Library science ....................................................... 87 72 Mathematics and statistics ..................................... 732 392

11,376 1,457

6,809 856

3,170 155

921 105

691 46

11,342 876

7,720 525

1,398 185

1,335 116

617 30

136 11

136 9

79,194 7,514

59,849 5,246

9,978 1,272

5,474 740

2,553 125

785 94

555 37

21,760 6 42

25,215 2 131

12,260 5 108

2,399 2 13

5,686 0 46

79,910 5 465

56,076 4 244

7,243 0 25

8,546 0 98

4,892 1 60

795 0 8

2,358 136,904 0 82 30 267

93,418 68 148

14,517 6 17

16,669 2 33

7,368 4 48

1,604 2 5

3,328 0 16

11,994 85 14,067 811 379

9,252 41 9,232 630 308

872 31 1,527 78 15

1,021 11 1,591 50 26

560 2 1,229 16 16

163 0 148 13 0

126 0 340 24 14

11,216 72 6,121 468 93

8,774 36 4,086 351 73

764 24 714 50 5

936 10 680 39 10

487 2 461 11 3

149 0 55 5 0

106 0 125 12 2

778 13 7,946 343 286

478 5 5,146 279 235

108 7 813 28 10

85 1 911 11 16

73 0 768 5 13

14 0 93 8 0

20 0 215 12 12

Physical sciences and science technologies .......... Precision production ............................................... Psychology ............................................................. Public administration and social service professions ....................................................... Security and protective services.............................

2,190 2,279 1,784

1,548 1,976 1,169

203 79 151

198 105 311

143 81 78

29 34 32

69 4 43

1,212 2,101 441

864 1,863 279

102 60 34

122 88 79

80 54 24

11 33 12

33 3 13

978 178 1,343

684 113 890

101 19 117

76 17 232

63 27 54

18 1 20

36 1 30

3,533 18,571

1,930 13,450

893 2,157

534 2,272

57 375

93 241

26 76

468 10,986

223 8,628

124 802

101 1,144

10 238

7 124

3 50

3,065 7,585

1,707 4,822

769 1,355

433 1,128

47 137

86 117

23 26

Social sciences and history .................................... Social sciences ................................................... History................................................................. Theology and religious vocations ........................... Transportation and materials moving...................... Visual and performing arts .....................................

5,738 5,422 316 425 1,202 23,127

3,317 3,088 229 301 930 15,925

677 666 11 91 65 1,801

1,062 1,004 58 14 88 2,876

398 383 15 3 44 1,445

138 136 2 3 6 245

146 145 1 13 69 835

1,989 1,817 172 190 1,040 10,627

1,204 1,079 125 124 820 7,143

194 188 6 49 52 951

352 316 36 6 72 1,575

144 140 4 1 36 547

41 40 1 2 4 121

54 54 0 8 56 290

3,749 3,605 144 235 162 12,500

2,113 2,009 104 177 110 8,782

483 478 5 42 13 850

710 688 22 8 16 1,301

254 243 11 2 8 898

97 96 1 1 2 124

92 91 1 5 13 545

1Excludes “Construction trades” and “Mechanics and repair technologies,” which are listed separately. NOTE: Reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS Fall survey: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agri-

culture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; and “Business” includes Business management, marketing, and related support services, and Personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2003. (This table was prepared December 2004.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 453 Degrees

Mechanics and repair technologies ........................ Military technologies ............................................... Multi/interdisciplinary studies.................................. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ......... Philosophy and religious studies ............................

454 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 261. Bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 Number of degrees conferred

Percentage distribution of degrees conferred

American Asian/ Indian/ Pacific Alaska Islander Native

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

2

3

4

5

6

Total 1976–771 ......................... 917,900 1980–812 ......................... 934,800 968,311 1984–853 ......................... 1988–894 ......................... 1,016,350 1989–90........................... 1,051,344

807,688 807,319 826,106 859,703 887,151

58,636 60,673 57,473 58,078 61,046

18,743 21,832 25,874 29,918 32,829

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

1,094,538 1,136,553 1,165,178 1,169,275 1,160,134

914,093 941,663 952,194 939,008 914,610

66,375 72,680 78,099 83,909 87,236

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–995 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

1,164,792 1,172,879 1,184,406 1,200,303 1,237,875

905,846 900,809 901,344 907,245 929,106

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

1,244,171 927,357 1,291,900 958,597 1,348,503 994,234 1,399,542 1,026,114

Year and sex 1

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

12

13

14

15

6.4 6.5 5.9 5.7 5.8

2.0 2.3 2.7 2.9 3.1

1.5 2.0 2.6 3.7 3.7

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

1.7 2.4 3.0 2.7 2.5

83.5 82.9 81.7 80.3 78.8

6.1 6.4 6.7 7.2 7.5

3.4 3.6 3.9 4.3 4.7

3.9 4.2 4.4 4.8 5.2

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6

2.7 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.2

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

77.8 76.8 76.1 75.6 75.1

7.9 8.0 8.3 8.5 8.7

5.0 5.3 5.6 5.8 6.1

5.5 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.3

0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7

3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2

39,811 41,456 43,239 44,832

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

74.5 74.2 73.7 73.3

8.9 9.0 9.2 9.4

6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8

6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8

3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2

Nonresident alien

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

7

8

9

10

11

13,793 18,794 25,395 37,674 39,230

3,326 3,593 4,246 3,951 4,390

15,714 22,589 29,217 27,026 26,698

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

88.0 86.4 85.3 84.6 84.4

37,342 41,087 45,417 50,299 54,230

42,529 47,428 51,481 55,689 60,502

4,583 5,228 5,683 6,192 6,610

29,616 28,467 32,304 34,178 36,946

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

91,496 94,349 98,251 102,214 108,013

58,351 62,509 66,005 70,085 75,059

64,433 68,859 71,678 74,197 77,912

6,976 7,425 7,903 8,423 8,719

37,690 38,928 39,225 38,139 39,066

111,307 116,623 124,241 131,241

77,745 82,966 89,030 94,644

78,902 83,093 87,943 92,073

9,049 9,165 9,816 10,638

Males 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–894 ......................... 1989–90...........................

494,424 469,625 476,148 481,946 491,696

438,161 406,173 405,085 407,154 414,982

25,147 24,511 23,018 22,370 23,257

10,318 10,810 12,402 13,950 14,932

7,638 10,107 13,554 19,260 19,711

1,804 1,700 1,998 1,730 1,860

11,356 16,324 20,091 17,482 16,954

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

88.6 86.5 85.1 84.5 84.4

5.1 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.7

2.1 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.0

1.5 2.2 2.8 4.0 4.0

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

2.3 3.5 4.2 3.6 3.4

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

504,045 520,811 532,881 532,422 526,131

421,290 432,635 437,262 430,526 417,878

24,800 27,092 28,962 30,766 31,793

16,598 18,167 19,883 21,834 23,626

21,203 23,652 25,303 26,952 28,992

1,938 2,195 2,450 2,620 2,739

18,216 17,070 19,021 19,724 21,103

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

83.6 83.1 82.1 80.9 79.4

4.9 5.2 5.4 5.8 6.0

3.3 3.5 3.7 4.1 4.5

4.2 4.5 4.7 5.1 5.5

0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5

3.6 3.3 3.6 3.7 4.0

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–995 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

522,454 520,515 519,956 518,746 530,367

409,565 403,366 399,553 396,996 402,961

32,974 33,616 34,510 34,876 37,024

25,029 26,318 27,677 28,662 30,301

30,669 32,521 33,445 34,225 35,853

2,885 2,996 3,151 3,323 3,464

21,332 21,698 21,620 20,664 20,764

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

78.4 77.5 76.8 76.5 76.0

6.3 6.5 6.6 6.7 7.0

4.8 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.7

5.9 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7

4.1 4.2 4.2 4.0 3.9

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

531,840 549,816 573,079 595,425

401,780 414,892 430,024 445,483

38,103 39,196 41,472 43,851

31,368 32,951 35,080 37,288

35,865 37,660 40,210 41,360

3,700 3,624 3,853 4,244

21,024 21,493 22,440 23,199

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

75.5 75.5 75.0 74.8

7.2 7.1 7.2 7.4

5.9 6.0 6.1 6.3

6.7 6.8 7.0 6.9

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9

Females 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–894 ......................... 1989–90...........................

423,476 465,175 492,163 534,404 559,648

369,527 401,146 421,021 452,549 472,169

33,489 36,162 34,455 35,708 37,789

8,425 11,022 13,472 15,968 17,897

6,155 8,687 11,841 18,414 19,519

1,522 1,893 2,248 2,221 2,530

4,358 6,265 9,126 9,544 9,744

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

87.3 86.2 85.5 84.7 84.4

7.9 7.8 7.0 6.7 6.8

2.0 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.2

1.5 1.9 2.4 3.4 3.5

0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5

1.0 1.3 1.9 1.8 1.7

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

590,493 615,742 632,297 636,853 634,003

492,803 509,028 514,932 508,482 496,732

41,575 45,588 49,137 53,143 55,443

20,744 22,920 25,534 28,465 30,604

21,326 23,776 26,178 28,737 31,510

2,645 3,033 3,233 3,572 3,871

11,400 11,397 13,283 14,454 15,843

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

83.5 82.7 81.4 79.8 78.3

7.0 7.4 7.8 8.3 8.7

3.5 3.7 4.0 4.5 4.8

3.6 3.9 4.1 4.5 5.0

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

1.9 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 455 Degrees

Table 261. Bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04—Continued Number of degrees conferred

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

5

6

7

8

58,522 60,733 63,741 67,338 70,989

33,322 36,191 38,328 41,423 44,758

33,764 36,338 38,233 39,972 42,059

4,091 4,429 4,752 5,100 5,255

73,204 77,427 82,769 87,390

46,377 50,015 53,950 57,356

43,037 45,433 47,733 50,713

5,349 5,541 5,963 6,394

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

2

3

4

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–995 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

642,338 652,364 664,450 681,557 707,508

496,281 497,443 501,791 510,249 526,145

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

712,331 742,084 775,424 804,117

525,577 543,705 564,210 580,631

Year and sex 1

Percentage distribution of degrees conferred

1Excludes 1,121 males and 528 females whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 2Excludes 258 males and 82 females whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 3Excludes 6,380 males and 4,786 females whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 4Excludes 1,400 males and 1,005 females whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 5Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

NOTE: For years 1984–85 to 2003–04, reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. Black includes African American, Pacific Islander

Total

Black, nonHispanic

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16,358 17,230 17,605 17,475 18,302

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

77.3 76.3 75.5 74.9 74.4

9.1 9.3 9.6 9.9 10.0

5.2 5.5 5.8 6.1 6.3

5.3 5.6 5.8 5.9 5.9

0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6

18,787 19,963 20,799 21,633

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

73.8 73.3 72.8 72.2

10.3 10.4 10.7 10.9

6.5 6.7 7.0 7.1

6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3

0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8

2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

White, nonHispanic

Nonresident alien

includes Native Hawaiian, and Hispanic includes Latino. Race categories exclude Hispanic origin unless specified. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1976–77 through 1984–85; and 1988–89 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:89–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total

Major field of study 1

Males

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 2

3

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 9

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien 15

White, Black, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 16

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

4

5

6

7

10

11

12

13

14

17

18

19

20

21

22

All fields, total ............................................... 1,399,542 1,026,114 131,241

94,644

92,073

10,638

44,832 595,425 445,483

43,851

37,288

41,360

4,244

23,199 804,117 580,631

87,390

57,356

50,713

6,394

21,633

657 390 960 5,081 33,404

760 674 870 3,641 20,942

653 698 873 7,838 22,185

224 43 167 424 2,048

325 11,889 10,753 429 5,059 3,896 168 2,162 1,247 1,599 23,248 16,838 14,678 152,513 112,686

272 214 280 1,321 11,959

344 384 248 1,331 9,489

250 324 277 2,978 9,764

118 23 61 156 917

152 10,946 9,463 218 3,779 2,708 49 5,019 2,896 624 38,261 26,088 7,698 154,636 101,206

385 176 680 3,760 21,445

416 290 622 2,310 11,453

403 374 596 4,860 12,421

106 20 106 268 1,131

173 211 119 975 6,980

Agriculture and natural resources........................... 22,835 20,216 Architecture and related services ........................... 8,838 6,604 Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies .............. 7,181 4,143 Biological and biomedical sciences ........................ 61,509 42,926 Business ................................................................. 307,149 213,892

8

Females

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Communications, journalism, and related programs .......................................................... 70,968 Communications technologies................................ 2,034 Computer and information sciences ....................... 59,488 Construction trades ................................................ 119 Education................................................................ 106,278

55,423 1,547 34,836 103 91,279

6,572 201 6,945 10 6,457

4,174 117 3,658 5 4,792

2,866 110 8,496 1 1,759

378 20 494 0 990

1,555 39 5,059 0 1,001

24,591 1,222 44,585 107 22,802

19,654 923 28,206 99 19,463

2,088 100 3,858 2 1,571

1,299 82 2,654 5 945

869 82 5,919 1 333

141 15 378 0 241

540 20 3,570 0 249

46,377 812 14,903 12 83,476

35,769 624 6,630 4 71,816

4,484 101 3,087 8 4,886

2,875 35 1,004 0 3,847

1,997 28 2,577 0 1,426

237 5 116 0 749

1,015 19 1,489 0 752

Engineering ............................................................ Engineering technologies1...................................... English language and literature/letters ................... Family and consumer sciences .............................. Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics........

63,558 14,391 53,984 19,172 17,754

43,615 10,444 43,656 15,066 12,692

3,402 1,557 4,168 2,058 761

3,568 946 3,067 874 2,843

8,046 732 2,175 775 935

350 201 371 161 97

4,577 511 547 238 426

50,557 12,689 16,792 2,298 5,215

35,764 9,405 13,902 1,719 3,836

2,239 1,217 1,007 297 176

2,727 839 992 114 786

5,917 624 611 102 277

256 171 129 19 35

3,654 433 151 47 105

13,001 1,702 37,192 16,874 12,539

7,851 1,039 29,754 13,347 8,856

1,163 340 3,161 1,761 585

841 107 2,075 760 2,057

2,129 108 1,564 673 658

94 30 242 142 62

923 78 396 191 321

Health professions and related clinical sciences .... Legal professions and studies ................................ Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ........................................................ Library science ....................................................... Mathematics and statistics .....................................

73,934 2,841

56,033 1,931

8,527 435

4,129 241

3,758 182

577 31

910 21

10,017 896

7,247 617

1,037 115

739 76

734 73

86 8

174 7

63,917 1,945

48,786 1,314

7,490 320

3,390 165

3,024 109

491 23

736 14

42,106 72 13,327

29,164 69 9,861

5,255 3 805

4,593 0 676

1,875 0 1,283

509 0 62

710 0 640

13,336 4 7,203

9,903 4 5,394

1,504 0 344

983 0 367

529 0 697

161 0 39

256 0 362

28,770 68 6,124

19,261 65 4,467

3,751 3 461

3,610 0 309

1,346 0 586

348 0 23

454 0 278

Mechanics and repair technologies ........................ Military technologies ............................................... Multi/interdisciplinary studies.................................. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ......... Philosophy and religious studies ............................

159 10 29,162 22,164 11,152

131 10 20,743 17,621 9,234

5 0 2,651 1,996 564

4 0 2,872 1,463 540

3 0 2,047 569 574

6 0 247 165 68

10 0 602 350 172

149 9 9,537 11,289 7,046

121 9 6,915 8,761 5,887

5 0 800 1,161 321

4 0 668 808 345

3 0 821 282 352

6 0 73 86 37

10 0 260 191 104

10 1 19,625 10,875 4,106

10 1 13,828 8,860 3,347

0 0 1,851 835 243

0 0 2,204 655 195

0 0 1,226 287 222

0 0 174 79 31

0 0 342 159 68

Physical sciences and science technologies .......... Precision production ............................................... Psychology ............................................................. Public administration and social service professions ....................................................... Security and protective services.............................

17,983 61 82,098

13,973 58 59,480

1,097 0 8,985

773 0 6,975

1,384 1 4,555

113 0 628

643 2 1,475

10,476 38 18,193

8,476 36 13,436

419 0 1,671

441 0 1,541

710 1 1,105

61 0 135

369 1 305

7,507 23 63,905

5,497 22 46,044

678 0 7,314

332 0 5,434

674 0 3,450

52 0 493

274 1 1,170

20,552 28,175

12,845 18,964

4,642 5,080

2,002 2,960

642 731

220 266

201 174

3,793 14,195

2,409 10,434

752 1,866

403 1,327

150 382

36 114

43 72

16,759 13,980

10,436 8,530

3,890 3,214

1,599 1,633

492 349

184 152

158 102

Social sciences and history .................................... 150,357 108,775 Social sciences ................................................... 120,549 83,663 History................................................................. 29,808 25,112 Theology and religious vocations ........................... 8,126 6,882 Transportation and materials moving...................... 4,824 3,995 Visual and performing arts ..................................... 77,181 59,903

13,723 12,163 1,560 466 249 4,135

11,190 9,538 1,652 342 242 4,711

11,197 10,130 1,067 182 153 4,795

1,158 936 222 47 33 540

4,314 4,119 195 207 152 3,097

73,834 56,431 17,403 5,381 4,263 30,037

56,266 41,275 14,991 4,627 3,524 23,026

4,985 4,229 756 277 216 1,777

4,816 3,867 949 201 218 2,112

5,141 4,653 488 117 141 1,794

483 365 118 23 28 208

2,143 2,042 101 136 136 1,120

76,523 64,118 12,405 2,745 561 47,144

52,509 42,388 10,121 2,255 471 36,877

8,738 7,934 804 189 33 2,358

6,374 5,671 703 141 24 2,599

6,056 5,477 579 65 12 3,001

675 571 104 24 5 332

2,171 2,077 94 71 16 1,977

1Excludes “Construction trades” and “Mechanics and repair technologies,” which are listed separately. NOTE: Reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS Fall survey: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agri-

culture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; and “Business” includes Business management, marketing, and related support services, and Personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

456 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 262. Bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2003–04

Table 263. Bachelor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2002–03 Total

Major field of study 1

Males

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 2

3

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 9

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien 15

White, Black, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

4

5

6

7

10

11

12

13

14

All fields, total ............................................... 1,348,503 994,234 124,241

89,030

87,943

9,816

43,239 573,079 430,024

41,472

35,080

40,210

3,853

614 365 860 4,945 30,746

738 682 830 3,613 18,916

760 780 760 7,398 21,100

206 55 148 383 1,962

346 12,327 11,102 509 5,329 4,011 173 2,056 1,191 1,484 22,899 16,539 14,149 145,151 108,114

281 201 254 1,305 10,804

356 425 248 1,380 8,479

316 395 267 2,948 9,383

94 34 46 144 960

178 10,967 263 3,725 50 4,573 583 37,173 7,411 148,394

Agriculture and natural resources........................... 23,294 20,630 Architecture and related services ........................... 9,054 6,663 Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies .............. 6,629 3,858 Biological and biomedical sciences ........................ 60,072 42,249 Business ................................................................. 293,545 206,672

8

Females

16

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

17

18

19

20

21

22

22,440 775,424 564,210

82,769

53,950

47,733

5,963

20,799

9,528 2,652 2,667 25,710 98,558

333 164 606 3,640 19,942

382 257 582 2,233 10,437

444 385 493 4,450 11,717

112 21 102 239 1,002

168 246 123 901 6,738

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

53,307 1,520 33,474 145 90,592

6,141 191 6,540 10 6,923

3,896 101 3,363 5 4,719

2,567 73 8,910 1 1,654

363 4 299 1 1,028

1,585 44 4,853 4 874

24,142 1,183 41,950 148 22,602

19,230 948 26,472 135 19,099

2,152 93 3,491 3 1,748

1,268 68 2,335 4 939

814 48 6,125 1 350

135 3 209 1 218

543 23 3,318 4 248

43,717 750 15,489 18 83,188

34,077 572 7,002 10 71,493

3,989 98 3,049 7 5,175

2,628 33 1,028 1 3,780

1,753 25 2,785 0 1,304

228 1 90 0 810

1,042 21 1,535 0 626

Engineering ............................................................ Engineering technologies1...................................... English language and literature/letters ................... Family and consumer sciences .............................. Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics........

62,611 14,356 53,670 18,166 16,901

43,527 10,554 43,407 14,516 11,955

3,276 1,525 4,098 1,716 700

3,413 947 3,087 813 2,793

7,771 745 2,247 776 882

333 132 351 130 108

4,291 453 480 215 463

49,945 12,622 16,725 2,212 4,996

35,569 9,493 13,925 1,714 3,675

2,137 1,160 979 248 174

2,643 828 920 100 730

5,837 650 650 99 257

254 104 116 11 31

3,505 387 135 40 129

12,666 1,734 36,945 15,954 11,905

7,958 1,061 29,482 12,802 8,280

1,139 365 3,119 1,468 526

770 119 2,167 713 2,063

1,934 95 1,597 677 625

79 28 235 119 77

786 66 345 175 334

Health professions and related clinical sciences .... Legal professions and studies ................................ Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ........................................................ Library science ....................................................... Mathematics and statistics .....................................

71,223 2,466

54,136 1,647

7,994 386

3,884 214

3,730 172

533 28

946 19

10,091 715

7,296 464

1,035 94

703 81

774 64

80 6

203 6

61,132 1,751

46,840 1,183

6,959 292

3,181 133

2,956 108

453 22

743 13

40,221 99 12,493

28,199 79 9,182

5,029 7 815

4,297 2 663

1,596 9 1,172

447 0 68

653 2 593

12,560 26 6,776

9,380 16 4,987

1,391 0 388

955 2 370

449 8 621

126 0 31

259 0 379

27,661 73 5,717

18,819 63 4,195

3,638 7 427

3,342 0 293

1,147 1 551

321 0 37

394 2 214

Mechanics and repair technologies ........................ Military technologies ............................................... Multi/interdisciplinary studies.................................. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ......... Philosophy and religious studies ............................

134 6 28,757 21,428 10,344

115 5 20,117 17,037 8,551

2 0 2,801 1,847 536

3 1 2,908 1,403 513

2 0 2,043 623 528

2 0 232 156 57

10 0 656 362 159

122 6 9,371 10,736 6,353

106 5 6,696 8,313 5,308

2 0 825 1,006 298

2 1 717 819 314

0 0 785 330 306

2 0 75 73 33

10 0 273 195 94

12 0 19,386 10,692 3,991

9 0 13,421 8,724 3,243

0 0 1,976 841 238

1 0 2,191 584 199

2 0 1,258 293 222

0 0 157 83 24

0 0 383 167 65

Physical sciences and science technologies .......... Precision production ............................................... Psychology ............................................................. Public administration and social service professions ....................................................... Security and protective services.............................

17,940 42 78,613

14,175 33 57,486

1,043 0 8,424

737 1 6,488

1,264 2 4,251

133 0 571

588 6 1,393

10,556 30 17,504

8,596 25 12,892

438 0 1,653

449 0 1,425

668 2 1,127

71 0 126

334 3 281

7,384 12 61,109

5,579 8 44,594

605 0 6,771

288 1 5,063

596 0 3,124

62 0 445

254 3 1,112

19,878 26,189

12,537 17,579

4,321 4,794

1,976 2,733

632 676

205 252

207 155

3,724 13,402

2,389 9,716

718 1,814

377 1,314

151 370

33 108

56 80

16,154 12,787

10,148 7,863

3,603 2,980

1,599 1,419

481 306

172 144

151 75

Social sciences and history .................................... 143,218 103,783 Social sciences ................................................... 115,488 80,594 History................................................................. 27,730 23,189 Theology and religious vocations ........................... 7,926 6,792 Transportation and materials moving...................... 4,567 3,722 Visual and performing arts ..................................... 71,474 55,990

13,240 11,675 1,565 468 238 3,646

10,728 9,080 1,648 250 252 4,061

10,202 9,256 946 197 165 4,255

1,091 914 177 39 40 459

4,174 3,969 205 180 150 3,063

69,498 53,263 16,235 5,322 4,084 27,916

53,093 39,216 13,877 4,604 3,337 21,584

4,746 4,020 726 270 206 1,558

4,596 3,648 948 170 232 1,830

4,562 4,092 470 128 143 1,582

463 362 101 22 35 209

2,038 1,925 113 128 131 1,153

73,720 62,225 11,495 2,604 483 43,558

50,690 41,378 9,312 2,188 385 34,406

8,494 7,655 839 198 32 2,088

6,132 5,432 700 80 20 2,231

5,640 5,164 476 69 22 2,673

628 552 76 17 5 250

2,136 2,044 92 52 19 1,910

1Excludes “Construction trades” and “Mechanics and repair technologies,” which are listed separately. NOTE: Reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS Fall survey: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agri-

culture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; and “Business” includes Business management, marketing, and related support services, and Personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2003. (This table was prepared December 2004.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 457 Degrees

Communications, journalism, and related programs .......................................................... 67,859 Communications technologies................................ 1,933 Computer and information sciences ....................... 57,439 Construction trades ................................................ 166 Education................................................................ 105,790

458 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 264. Master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 Number of degrees conferred

Percentage distribution of degrees conferred

American Asian/ Indian/ Pacific Alaska Islander Native

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

12

13

14

15

6.6 5.8 5.0 4.6 4.7

1.9 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.4

1.6 2.1 2.8 3.3 3.2

0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3

5.5 7.5 9.6 11.0 10.9

77.5 76.9 75.7 74.8 73.8

4.9 5.2 5.3 5.7 6.1

2.6 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.2

3.5 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.2

0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

11.2 11.2 11.9 12.0 12.3

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

73.4 72.7 71.6 71.2 70.1

6.4 6.8 7.0 7.4 7.8

3.6 3.7 3.8 4.1 4.2

4.5 4.5 4.9 5.0 5.1

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

11.8 11.8 12.2 11.8 12.2

61,424 63,683 71,582 74,891

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

68.4 68.0 66.7 66.1

8.2 8.4 8.6 9.1

4.6 4.6 4.9 5.3

5.2 5.3 5.3 5.5

0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

13.1 13.2 14.0 13.4

521 501 583 476 455

13,493 16,587 19,674 24,133 24,077

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

83.2 79.3 76.1 73.7 74.3

4.6 4.2 3.7 3.5 3.6

2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3

1.9 2.6 3.5 4.1 3.8

0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3

8.1 11.4 14.1 16.2 15.7

6,575 7,234 7,545 8,298 8,923

488 529 584 692 659

25,148 26,235 28,821 30,140 31,155

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

73.1 72.6 71.4 70.7 69.6

3.8 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.5

2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.1

4.2 4.5 4.5 4.7 5.0

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

16.1 16.2 17.0 17.1 17.4

5,843 6,246 6,512 7,032 7,635

9,400 9,218 10,262 10,491 11,047

705 734 782 771 836

29,841 30,237 31,562 31,122 33,016

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

69.7 69.4 68.1 68.1 66.8

4.7 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.8

3.3 3.5 3.5 3.8 4.0

5.2 5.1 5.6 5.6 5.8

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

16.7 16.7 17.1 16.7 17.2

11,568 11,795 12,805 14,653

8,271 8,430 9,251 10,813

11,349 11,746 12,500 14,347

917 993 1,022 1,127

36,253 37,380 42,583 44,778

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

64.8 64.7 63.0 62.7

6.0 5.9 6.1 6.4

4.3 4.2 4.4 4.7

5.8 5.9 5.9 6.3

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

18.7 18.8 20.1 19.5

126,851 125,654 117,569 133,049 140,096

13,256 10,975 8,739 8,920 9,862

2,803 3,376 3,805 3,952 4,344

1,999 2,509 2,940 4,287 4,543

446 533 673 610 635

3,851 5,470 7,278 10,080 11,168

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

85.0 84.6 83.4 82.7 82.1

8.9 7.4 6.2 5.5 5.8

1.9 2.3 2.7 2.5 2.5

1.3 1.7 2.1 2.7 2.7

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4

2.6 3.7 5.2 6.3 6.5

146,813 153,665 159,044 165,127 169,068

10,700 12,144 12,941 14,562 16,069

4,951 5,301 5,916 6,811 7,418

5,075 5,726 6,318 7,113 7,924

690 751 821 1,007 962

12,457 13,409 15,287 16,365 17,590

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

81.3 80.5 79.4 78.3 77.2

5.9 6.4 6.5 6.9 7.3

2.7 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4

2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4

6.9 7.0 7.6 7.8 8.0

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Nonresident alien

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Total 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–894 ......................... 1989–90...........................

316,602 294,183 280,421 309,770 324,301

266,061 241,216 223,628 242,764 254,299

21,037 17,133 13,939 14,095 15,336

6,071 6,461 6,864 7,277 7,892

5,122 6,282 7,782 10,335 10,439

967 1,034 1,256 1,086 1,090

17,344 22,057 26,952 34,213 35,245

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

84.0 82.0 79.7 78.4 78.4

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

337,168 352,838 369,585 387,070 397,629

261,232 271,177 279,827 289,536 293,345

16,616 18,256 19,744 21,986 24,166

8,887 9,521 10,638 11,933 12,905

11,650 12,960 13,863 15,411 16,847

1,178 1,280 1,405 1,699 1,621

37,605 39,644 44,108 46,505 48,745

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–995 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

406,301 419,401 430,164 439,986 457,056

298,133 305,005 308,196 313,487 320,485

25,822 28,403 30,155 32,541 35,874

14,442 15,440 16,248 17,838 19,253

18,216 19,061 21,133 22,072 23,218

1,778 1,940 2,053 2,016 2,246

47,910 49,552 52,379 52,032 55,980

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

468,476 482,118 512,645 558,940

320,480 327,645 341,735 369,582

38,265 40,370 44,272 50,657

21,543 22,385 24,974 29,666

24,283 25,411 27,245 30,952

2,481 2,624 2,837 3,192

Males 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–894 ......................... 1989–90...........................

167,396 145,666 139,417 148,872 153,653

139,210 115,562 106,059 109,715 114,203

7,781 6,158 5,200 5,175 5,474

3,268 3,085 3,059 3,325 3,548

3,123 3,773 4,842 6,048 5,896

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

156,482 161,842 169,258 176,085 178,598

114,419 117,512 120,783 124,409 124,277

5,916 6,112 6,803 7,424 8,097

3,936 4,220 4,722 5,122 5,487

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–995 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

179,081 180,947 184,375 186,148 191,792

124,847 125,552 125,605 126,674 128,046

8,445 8,960 9,652 10,058 11,212

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

194,351 199,120 211,381 229,545

125,993 128,776 133,220 143,827

Females 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–894 ......................... 1989–90...........................

149,206 148,517 141,004 160,898 170,648

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

180,686 190,996 200,327 210,985 219,031

Year and sex 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 459 Degrees

Table 264. Master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04—Continued Number of degrees conferred

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

5

6

7

8

17,377 19,443 20,503 22,483 24,662

8,599 9,194 9,736 10,806 11,618

8,816 9,843 10,871 11,581 12,171

1,073 1,206 1,271 1,245 1,410

26,697 28,575 31,467 36,004

13,272 13,955 15,723 18,853

12,934 13,665 14,745 16,605

1,564 1,631 1,815 2,065

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

2

3

4

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–995 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

227,220 238,454 245,789 253,838 265,264

173,286 179,453 182,591 186,813 192,439

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

274,125 282,998 301,264 329,395

194,487 198,869 208,515 225,755

Year and sex 1

Percentage distribution of degrees conferred

1Excludes 387 men and 175 women whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 2Excludes 1,377 men and 179 women whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 3Excludes 3,973 men and 1,857 women whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 4Excludes 482 men and 369 women whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 5Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

NOTE: For years 1984–85 to 2003–04, reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. Black includes African American, Pacific Islander

Total

Black, nonHispanic

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

18,069 19,315 20,817 20,910 22,964

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

76.3 75.3 74.3 73.6 72.5

7.6 8.2 8.3 8.9 9.3

3.8 3.9 4.0 4.3 4.4

3.9 4.1 4.4 4.6 4.6

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

8.0 8.1 8.5 8.2 8.7

25,171 26,303 28,999 30,113

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

70.9 70.3 69.2 68.5

9.7 10.1 10.4 10.9

4.8 4.9 5.2 5.7

4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

9.2 9.3 9.6 9.1

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

White, nonHispanic

Nonresident alien

includes Native Hawaiian, and Hispanic includes Latino. Race categories exclude Hispanic origin unless specified. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1976–77 through 1984–85; and 1988–89 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:89–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total

Major field of study 1

Males

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 2

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

3

4

5

6

7

All fields, total ............................................... 558,940 369,582

50,657

29,666

30,952

3,192

3,516 3,330 998 4,907 85,082

140 220 149 431 14,574

114 307 130 320 6,429

135 301 112 835 10,488

26 21 31 35 654

852 1,245 263 1,129 22,120

2,306 3,049 642 3,227 80,858

Communications, journalism, and related programs .......................................................... 6,535 4,162 Communications technologies................................ 365 177 Computer and information sciences ....................... 20,143 6,696 Construction trades ................................................ 0 0 Education................................................................ 162,345 126,634

646 54 1,086 0 15,784

341 15 638 0 10,926

315 37 2,760 0 3,967

28 0 67 0 1,056

1,043 82 8,896 0 3,978

Agriculture and natural resources........................... 4,783 Architecture and related services ........................... 5,424 Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies .............. 1,683 Biological and biomedical sciences ........................ 7,657 Business ................................................................. 139,347

8

9

Females Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

10

11

12

13

14

74,891 229,545 143,827

14,653

10,813

14,347

1,127

1,693 1,966 394 2,080 51,743

56 88 50 130 5,526

55 165 48 153 3,635

53 129 34 364 5,941

11 15 14 11 327

2,127 202 13,868 0 37,843

1,370 115 5,034 0 29,917

166 25 598 0 3,288

122 9 415 0 2,475

84 16 1,647 0 839

14 0 40 0 292

Nonresident alien 15

White, Black, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

17

18

19

20

21

22

44,778 329,395 225,755

36,004

18,853

16,605

2,065

30,113

438 686 102 489 13,686

16

Asian/ Pacific Islander

2,477 2,375 1,041 4,430 58,489

1,823 1,364 604 2,827 33,339

84 132 99 301 9,048

59 142 82 167 2,794

82 172 78 471 4,547

15 6 17 24 327

414 559 161 640 8,434

371 4,408 37 163 6,134 6,275 0 0 1,032 124,502

2,792 62 1,662 0 96,717

480 29 488 0 12,496

219 6 223 0 8,451

231 21 1,113 0 3,128

14 0 27 0 764

672 45 2,762 0 2,946

Engineering ............................................................ Engineering technologies1...................................... English language and literature/letters ................... Family and consumer sciences .............................. Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics........

32,698 2,499 7,956 1,794 3,124

12,131 1,385 6,491 1,281 1,783

856 174 393 195 54

1,019 83 302 85 383

3,151 217 267 53 123

83 14 61 15 18

15,458 626 442 165 763

25,824 1,843 2,459 239 957

9,797 1,055 2,074 166 595

577 101 102 24 20

755 62 87 9 106

2,306 152 74 7 30

57 10 16 3 3

12,332 463 106 30 203

6,874 656 5,497 1,555 2,167

2,334 330 4,417 1,115 1,188

279 73 291 171 34

264 21 215 76 277

845 65 193 46 93

26 4 45 12 15

3,126 163 336 135 560

Health professions and related clinical sciences .... Legal professions and studies ................................ Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ........................................................ Library science ....................................................... Mathematics and statistics .....................................

44,939 4,243

32,735 1,414

3,994 231

2,210 153

3,269 243

288 23

2,443 2,179

9,670 2,394

6,471 809

647 91

532 84

949 126

60 7

1,011 1,277

35,269 1,849

26,264 605

3,347 140

1,678 69

2,320 117

228 16

1,432 902

3,697 6,015 4,191

2,988 5,011 1,937

266 279 122

156 315 114

89 174 295

28 35 7

170 201 1,716

1,370 1,151 2,302

1,119 965 1,113

86 41 67

50 57 66

38 35 139

10 7 4

67 46 913

2,327 4,864 1,889

1,869 4,046 824

180 238 55

106 258 48

51 139 156

18 28 3

103 155 803

Mechanics and repair technologies ........................ Military technologies ............................................... Multi/interdisciplinary studies.................................. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ......... Philosophy and religious studies ............................

0 0 4,047 3,199 1,578

0 0 2,741 2,503 1,222

0 0 328 261 73

0 0 214 132 71

0 0 186 88 73

0 0 41 15 4

0 0 537 200 135

0 0 1,378 1,573 972

0 0 910 1,207 762

0 0 85 133 41

0 0 75 68 48

0 0 50 48 39

0 0 10 7 2

0 0 248 110 80

0 0 2,669 1,626 606

0 0 1,831 1,296 460

0 0 243 128 32

0 0 139 64 23

0 0 136 40 34

0 0 31 8 2

0 0 289 90 55

Physical sciences and science technologies .......... Precision production ............................................... Psychology ............................................................. Public administration and social service professions ....................................................... Security and protective services.............................

5,570 13 17,898

3,397 10 12,951

154 0 2,294

139 1 1,097

249 0 715

16 0 140

1,615 2 701

3,364 9 3,789

2,045 7 2,814

68 0 413

78 1 210

136 0 153

6 0 34

1,031 1 165

2,206 4 14,109

1,352 3 10,137

86 0 1,881

61 0 887

113 0 562

10 0 106

584 1 536

28,250 3,717

18,183 2,672

5,087 565

2,124 270

1,037 86

274 21

1,545 103

7,001 1,940

4,392 1,488

1,073 204

522 144

256 43

77 8

681 53

21,249 1,777

13,791 1,184

4,014 361

1,602 126

781 43

197 13

864 50

Social sciences and history .................................... Social sciences ................................................... History................................................................. Theology and religious vocations ........................... Transportation and materials moving...................... Visual and performing arts .....................................

16,110 13,588 2,522 5,486 728 12,906

9,903 7,747 2,156 3,973 589 8,780

1,221 1,129 92 450 44 532

796 674 122 180 32 570

720 681 39 265 22 680

89 79 10 15 4 83

3,381 3,278 103 603 37 2,261

7,810 6,429 1,381 3,238 609 5,531

4,954 3,752 1,202 2,346 493 3,933

457 414 43 221 38 237

371 293 78 100 26 285

283 270 13 146 20 210

29 28 1 8 4 41

1,716 1,672 44 417 28 825

8,300 7,159 1,141 2,248 119 7,375

4,949 3,995 954 1,627 96 4,847

764 715 49 229 6 295

425 381 44 80 6 285

437 411 26 119 2 470

60 51 9 7 0 42

1,665 1,606 59 186 9 1,436

1Excludes “Construction trades” and “Mechanics and repair technologies,” which are listed separately. NOTE: Reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS Fall survey: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agri-

culture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; and “Business” includes Business management, marketing, and related support services, and Personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

460 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 265. Master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2003–04

Table 266. Master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2002–03 Total

Major field of study 1

Males

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic 2

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

3

4

5

6

7

All fields, total ............................................... 512,645 341,735

44,272

24,974

27,245

2,837

3,413 3,050 842 4,592 78,312

130 182 146 350 11,702

104 254 135 264 5,658

113 291 111 748 8,956

27 15 35 34 541

705 1,133 240 1,002 22,376

2,232 2,832 544 2,982 75,184

Communications, journalism, and related programs .......................................................... 6,053 3,820 Communications technologies................................ 442 201 Computer and information sciences ....................... 19,503 5,960 Construction trades ................................................ 0 0 Education................................................................ 147,448 116,305

530 47 1,122 0 14,154

250 22 558 0 8,802

285 39 2,648 0 3,297

22 2 48 0 968

1,146 131 9,167 0 3,922

Agriculture and natural resources........................... 4,492 Architecture and related services ........................... 4,925 Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies .............. 1,509 Biological and biomedical sciences ........................ 6,990 Business ................................................................. 127,545

8

9

Females Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

10

11

12

13

14

71,582 211,381 133,220

12,805

9,251

12,500

1,022

1,717 1,807 337 1,990 48,369

53 103 42 119 4,383

40 139 49 108 3,223

43 139 28 312 5,000

12 9 12 19 293

2,072 229 13,265 0 33,871

1,333 109 4,435 0 26,888

130 20 656 0 2,945

92 13 356 0 2,050

97 19 1,636 0 645

8 0 25 0 246

Nonresident alien 15

White, Black, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

17

18

19

20

21

22

42,583 301,264 208,515

31,467

15,723

14,745

1,815

28,999

367 635 76 434 13,916

16

Asian/ Pacific Islander

2,260 2,093 965 4,008 52,361

1,696 1,243 505 2,602 29,943

77 79 104 231 7,319

64 115 86 156 2,435

70 152 83 436 3,956

15 6 23 15 248

338 498 164 568 8,460

412 3,981 68 213 6,157 6,238 0 0 1,097 113,577

2,487 92 1,525 0 89,417

400 27 466 0 11,209

158 9 202 0 6,752

188 20 1,012 0 2,652

14 2 23 0 722

734 63 3,010 0 2,825

28,337 2,332 7,413 1,610 3,049

10,891 1,329 6,029 1,188 1,679

819 188 381 156 57

799 88 289 56 381

2,544 170 235 55 120

71 11 45 7 13

13,213 546 434 148 799

22,383 1,786 2,426 183 874

8,772 1,069 2,034 131 536

539 117 80 20 11

595 63 102 4 81

1,854 105 69 5 32

56 9 12 1 2

10,567 423 129 22 212

5,954 546 4,987 1,427 2,175

2,119 260 3,995 1,057 1,143

280 71 301 136 46

204 25 187 52 300

690 65 166 50 88

15 2 33 6 11

2,646 123 305 126 587

Health professions and related clinical sciences .... Legal professions and studies ................................ Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ........................................................ Library science ....................................................... Mathematics and statistics .....................................

42,715 4,126

31,828 1,394

3,557 176

1,903 151

3,195 151

289 19

1,943 2,235

9,269 2,321

6,495 825

620 80

466 69

910 84

78 8

700 1,255

33,446 1,805

25,333 569

2,937 96

1,437 82

2,285 67

211 11

1,243 980

3,312 5,314 3,626

2,703 4,482 1,731

215 292 103

123 168 104

78 167 234

30 27 8

163 178 1,446

1,176 1,060 2,000

993 859 983

44 56 52

35 46 64

32 39 121

11 2 4

61 58 776

2,136 4,254 1,626

1,710 3,623 748

171 236 51

88 122 40

46 128 113

19 25 4

102 120 670

Mechanics and repair technologies ........................ Military technologies ............................................... Multi/interdisciplinary studies.................................. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ......... Philosophy and religious studies ............................

0 0 3,780 2,978 1,578

0 0 2,677 2,373 1,262

0 0 251 219 63

0 0 166 94 49

0 0 150 73 70

0 0 29 21 5

0 0 507 198 129

0 0 1,285 1,505 1,045

0 0 865 1,181 830

0 0 86 103 36

0 0 50 55 32

0 0 46 31 52

0 0 10 14 2

0 0 228 121 93

0 0 2,495 1,473 533

0 0 1,812 1,192 432

0 0 165 116 27

0 0 116 39 17

0 0 104 42 18

0 0 19 7 3

0 0 279 77 36

Physical sciences and science technologies .......... Precision production ............................................... Psychology ............................................................. Public administration and social service professions ....................................................... Security and protective services.............................

5,109 3 17,123

3,155 3 12,393

139 0 2,162

136 0 1,036

275 0 637

23 0 129

1,381 0 766

3,211 2 3,827

1,943 2 2,849

74 0 415

92 0 238

154 0 123

10 0 38

938 0 164

1,898 1 13,296

1,212 1 9,544

65 0 1,747

44 0 798

121 0 514

13 0 91

443 0 602

25,894 2,955

16,841 2,150

4,666 440

1,882 179

913 53

248 25

1,344 108

6,391 1,566

4,070 1,197

1,001 168

419 95

216 26

63 9

622 71

19,503 1,389

12,771 953

3,665 272

1,463 84

697 27

185 16

722 37

Social sciences and history .................................... Social sciences ................................................... History................................................................. Theology and religious vocations ........................... Transportation and materials moving...................... Visual and performing arts .....................................

14,634 12,109 2,525 5,099 765 11,986

8,909 6,793 2,116 3,555 649 8,019

1,054 932 122 403 37 531

646 558 88 171 36 470

681 622 59 307 19 630

70 61 9 14 6 55

3,274 3,143 131 649 18 2,281

7,202 5,769 1,433 3,014 669 4,975

4,434 3,219 1,215 2,071 571 3,525

423 369 54 178 31 220

314 261 53 107 30 224

270 247 23 192 16 204

34 29 5 8 6 21

1,727 1,644 83 458 15 781

7,432 6,340 1,092 2,085 96 7,011

4,475 3,574 901 1,484 78 4,494

631 563 68 225 6 311

332 297 35 64 6 246

411 375 36 115 3 426

36 32 4 6 0 34

1,547 1,499 48 191 3 1,500

1Excludes “Construction trades” and “Mechanics and repair technologies,” which are listed separately. NOTE: Reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS Fall survey: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agri-

culture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; and “Business” includes Business management, marketing, and related support services, and Personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2003. (This table was prepared December 2004.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 461 Degrees

Engineering ............................................................ Engineering technologies1...................................... English language and literature/letters ................... Family and consumer sciences .............................. Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics........

462 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 267. Doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 Number of degrees conferred1

Percentage distribution of degrees conferred

American Asian/ Indian/ Pacific Alaska Islander Native

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

12

13

14

15

3.8 3.9 3.6 3.0 3.0

1.6 1.4 2.1 1.8 2.0

2.0 2.7 3.4 3.7 3.2

0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3

11.3 12.8 16.5 21.5 23.2

65.8 64.5 63.6 63.0 62.7

3.2 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.8

1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2

3.8 3.9 3.7 4.7 6.1

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

25.0 26.2 27.2 26.7 25.0

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

62.2 62.3 62.6 63.2 62.1

3.7 4.1 4.5 4.8 5.0

2.2 2.4 2.8 3.0 2.9

5.9 5.8 5.1 5.2 5.4

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

25.6 25.0 24.6 23.4 24.2

10,963 10,929 11,626 12,753

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

61.1 60.9 60.2 58.3

4.9 5.4 5.5 6.0

3.4 3.2 3.4 3.4

5.8 5.3 5.3 5.4

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

24.4 24.7 25.3 26.4

67 95 64 50 49

3,248 3,564 4,421 6,220 7,223

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

80.0 76.6 70.5 64.3 62.8

3.1 3.1 2.6 2.2 2.2

1.5 1.2 2.0 1.5 1.7

2.2 2.9 3.8 4.2 3.5

0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2

13.0 15.8 20.8 27.5 29.6

1,017 1,088 1,040 1,373 1,756

59 66 52 66 58

7,831 8,398 8,936 8,864 8,509

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

60.0 58.5 57.5 57.1 57.1

2.4 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.7

1.6 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8

4.1 4.3 4.0 5.2 6.5

0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

31.6 32.9 34.3 33.4 31.6

514 585 652 625 611

1,692 1,645 1,392 1,337 1,356

80 87 83 92 57

8,716 8,535 8,314 7,493 7,656

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

56.3 57.1 57.8 58.6 57.8

2.7 2.9 3.1 3.5 3.5

1.9 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.4

6.3 6.1 5.2 5.3 5.4

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2

32.5 31.4 31.2 29.8 30.6

855 922 913 1,015

687 650 742 766

1,453 1,242 1,243 1,293

76 67 76 90

7,720 7,497 7,897 8,592

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

56.4 56.2 55.3 53.6

3.5 3.9 3.8 4.0

2.8 2.7 3.0 3.0

5.9 5.2 5.1 5.1

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

31.2 31.6 32.4 33.9

6,819 8,598 8,917 10,343 10,907

487 571 593 575 618

139 179 246 279 361

118 222 304 378 360

28 35 55 35 49

499 639 896 1,452 1,675

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

84.3 83.9 81.0 79.2 78.1

6.0 5.6 5.4 4.4 4.4

1.7 1.7 2.2 2.1 2.6

1.5 2.2 2.8 2.9 2.6

0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4

6.2 6.2 8.1 11.1 12.0

11,002 11,273 11,825 12,053 12,471

651 655 733 758 937

358 359 387 437 496

487 510 538 651 933

47 54 55 68 72

1,993 2,251 2,521 2,666 2,621

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

75.7 74.6 73.6 72.5 71.1

4.5 4.3 4.6 4.6 5.3

2.5 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.8

3.3 3.4 3.4 3.9 5.3

0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4

13.7 14.9 15.7 16.0 15.0

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Nonresident alien

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Total 1976–772 ......................... 1980–813 ......................... 1984–854 ......................... 1988–895 ......................... 1989–90...........................

33,126 32,839 32,307 35,659 38,371

26,851 25,908 23,934 24,884 26,221

1,253 1,265 1,154 1,066 1,149

522 456 677 629 780

658 877 1,106 1,323 1,225

95 130 119 85 98

3,747 4,203 5,317 7,672 8,898

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

81.1 78.9 74.1 69.8 68.3

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

39,294 40,659 42,132 43,185 44,446

25,855 26,229 26,816 27,212 27,846

1,248 1,239 1,350 1,385 1,667

757 824 824 900 984

1,504 1,598 1,578 2,024 2,689

106 120 107 134 130

9,824 10,649 11,457 11,530 11,130

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–996 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

44,652 45,876 46,010 44,077 44,808

27,773 28,596 28,803 27,838 27,843

1,632 1,865 2,067 2,136 2,246

997 1,120 1,275 1,302 1,305

2,641 2,667 2,339 2,299 2,420

159 175 186 194 160

11,450 11,453 11,340 10,308 10,834

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

44,904 44,160 46,024 48,378

27,454 26,903 27,698 28,214

2,207 2,395 2,517 2,900

1,516 1,434 1,561 1,662

2,587 2,319 2,426 2,632

177 180 196 217

Males 1976–772 ......................... 1980–813 ......................... 1984–854 ......................... 1988–895 ......................... 1989–90...........................

25,036 22,595 21,296 22,597 24,401

20,032 17,310 15,017 14,541 15,314

766 694 561 491 531

383 277 431 350 419

540 655 802 945 865

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

24,756 25,557 26,073 26,552 26,916

14,853 14,956 14,991 15,159 15,375

597 584 617 627 730

399 465 437 463 488

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–996 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

26,841 27,146 26,664 25,146 25,028

15,112 15,499 15,399 14,726 14,472

727 795 824 873 876

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

24,728 23,708 24,341 25,323

13,937 13,330 13,470 13,567

Females 1976–77........................... 1980–813 ......................... 1984–854 ......................... 1988–895 ......................... 1989–90...........................

8,090 10,244 11,011 13,062 13,970

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

14,538 15,102 16,059 16,633 17,530

Year and sex 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 463 Degrees

Table 267. Doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04—Continued Number of degrees conferred1

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

5

6

7

8

905 1,070 1,243 1,263 1,370

483 535 623 677 694

949 1,022 947 962 1,064

79 88 103 102 103

1,352 1,473 1,604 1,885

829 784 819 896

1,134 1,077 1,183 1,339

101 113 120 127

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

2

3

4

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–996 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

17,811 18,730 19,346 18,931 19,780

12,661 13,097 13,404 13,112 13,371

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

20,176 20,452 21,683 23,055

13,517 13,573 14,228 14,647

Year and sex 1

1Includes

Percentage distribution of degrees conferred

Ph.D., Ed.D, and comparable degrees at the doctoral level. Excludes first-professional degrees, such as M.D., D.D.S., and law degrees. 2Excludes 106 men whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 3Excludes 116 men and 3 women whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 4Excludes 404 men and 232 women whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 5 Excludes 51 men and 10 women whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 6 Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: For years 1984–85 to 2003–04, reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ethnicity for students

Nonresident alien

Total

Black, nonHispanic

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

2,734 2,918 3,026 2,815 3,178

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

71.1 69.9 69.3 69.3 67.6

5.1 5.7 6.4 6.7 6.9

2.7 2.9 3.2 3.6 3.5

5.3 5.5 4.9 5.1 5.4

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

15.4 15.6 15.6 14.9 16.1

3,243 3,432 3,729 4,161

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

67.0 66.4 65.6 63.5

6.7 7.2 7.4 8.2

4.1 3.8 3.8 3.9

5.6 5.3 5.5 5.8

0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6

16.1 16.8 17.2 18.0

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

White, nonHispanic

whose race/ethnicity was not reported. Black includes African American, Pacific Islander includes Native Hawaiian, and Hispanic includes Latino. Race categories exclude Hispanic origin unless specified. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1976–77 through 1984–85; and 1988–89 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:89–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 268. Doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2003–04 Total

Major field of study 1

Males

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Females Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

White, Black, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

All fields, total ...............................................

48,378

28,214

2,900

1,662

2,632

217

12,753

25,323

13,567

1,015

766

1,293

90

8,592

23,055

14,647

1,885

896

1,339

127

4,161

Agriculture and natural resources........................... Architecture and related services ........................... Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies .............. Biological and biomedical sciences ........................ Business .................................................................

1,185 173 209 5,242 1,481

587 69 109 3,072 673

24 7 24 163 112

18 3 15 173 51

33 13 20 496 67

7 0 3 16 9

516 81 38 1,322 569

758 94 97 2,804 960

376 34 53 1,649 434

15 4 10 71 56

9 2 9 79 36

15 8 7 252 39

4 0 1 9 8

339 46 17 744 387

427 79 112 2,438 521

211 35 56 1,423 239

9 3 14 92 56

9 1 6 94 15

18 5 13 244 28

3 0 2 7 1

177 35 21 578 182

Communications, journalism, and related programs .......................................................... Communications technologies................................ Computer and information sciences ....................... Construction trades ................................................ Education................................................................

418 8 909 0 7,088

250 5 344 0 4,746

29 0 21 0 1,111

8 0 19 0 307

19 0 69 0 203

2 0 1 0 56

110 3 455 0 665

181 5 709 0 2,403

116 3 265 0 1,647

4 0 16 0 314

4 0 10 0 109

3 0 53 0 56

0 0 1 0 12

54 2 364 0 265

237 3 200 0 4,685

134 2 79 0 3,099

25 0 5 0 797

4 0 9 0 198

16 0 16 0 147

2 0 0 0 44

56 1 91 0 400

Engineering ............................................................ Engineering technologies1...................................... English language and literature/letters ................... Family and consumer sciences .............................. Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics........

5,923 58 1,207 329 1,031

1,751 20 939 198 567

104 6 64 43 26

104 1 30 8 89

368 4 49 7 39

8 0 6 2 1

3,588 27 119 71 309

4,872 51 479 94 410

1,395 19 382 63 240

70 4 18 8 9

81 1 15 1 42

290 2 13 1 7

4 0 2 1 0

3,032 25 49 20 112

1,051 7 728 235 621

356 1 557 135 327

34 2 46 35 17

23 0 15 7 47

78 2 36 6 32

4 0 4 1 1

556 2 70 51 197

Health professions and related clinical sciences .... Legal professions and studies ................................ Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ........................................................ Library science ....................................................... Mathematics and statistics .....................................

4,361 119

3,144 17

209 8

148 0

286 3

19 0

555 91

1,261 80

828 11

44 3

49 0

78 1

5 0

257 65

3,100 39

2,316 6

165 5

99 0

208 2

14 0

298 26

95 47 1,060

76 24 419

4 5 9

6 2 25

1 3 50

0 0 0

8 13 557

39 16 762

29 8 290

1 2 8

2 0 19

1 1 36

0 0 0

6 5 409

56 31 298

47 16 129

3 3 1

4 2 6

0 2 14

0 0 0

2 8 148

Mechanics and repair technologies ........................ Military technologies ............................................... Multi/interdisciplinary studies.................................. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ......... Philosophy and religious studies ............................

0 0 876 222 595

0 0 575 146 454

0 0 50 9 17

0 0 32 9 10

0 0 61 9 26

0 0 5 0 2

0 0 153 49 86

0 0 410 118 391

0 0 281 67 293

0 0 16 5 12

0 0 19 5 7

0 0 25 8 20

0 0 2 0 1

0 0 67 33 58

0 0 466 104 204

0 0 294 79 161

0 0 34 4 5

0 0 13 4 3

0 0 36 1 6

0 0 3 0 1

0 0 86 16 28

Physical sciences and science technologies .......... Precision production ............................................... Psychology ............................................................. Public administration and social service professions ....................................................... Security and protective services.............................

3,815 0 4,827

1,929 0 3,684

72 0 341

76 0 276

192 0 247

16 0 40

1,530 0 239

2,753 0 1,496

1,394 0 1,199

40 0 67

45 0 83

125 0 52

13 0 12

1,136 0 83

1,062 0 3,331

535 0 2,485

32 0 274

31 0 193

67 0 195

3 0 28

394 0 156

649 54

407 46

92 3

28 0

23 0

4 0

95 5

275 21

167 18

32 0

12 0

3 0

2 0

59 3

374 33

240 28

60 3

16 0

20 0

2 0

36 2

Social sciences and history .................................... Social sciences ................................................... History................................................................. Theology and religious vocations ........................... Transportation and materials moving...................... Visual and performing arts .....................................

3,811 2,956 855 1,304 0 1,282

2,354 1,678 676 762 0 847

188 139 49 130 0 29

153 124 29 39 0 32

152 124 28 116 0 76

16 13 3 2 0 2

948 878 70 255 0 296

2,188 1,687 501 1,024 0 572

1,312 910 402 595 0 399

78 59 19 95 0 13

80 66 14 28 0 19

75 60 15 94 0 28

10 8 2 1 0 2

633 584 49 211 0 111

1,623 1,269 354 280 0 710

1,042 768 274 167 0 448

110 80 30 35 0 16

73 58 15 11 0 13

77 64 13 22 0 48

6 5 1 1 0 0

315 294 21 44 0 185

1Excludes “Construction trades” and “Mechanics and repair technologies,” which are listed separately. NOTE: Reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS Fall survey: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agri-

culture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; and “Business” includes Business management, marketing, and related support services, and Personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

464 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

_

Table 269. Doctor’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2002–03 Total

Major field of study 1

Males

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Females

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

White, Black, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

46,024

27,698

2,517

1,561

2,426

196

11,626

24,341

13,470

913

742

1,243

76

7,897

21,683

14,228

1,604

819

1,183

120

3,729

Agriculture and natural resources........................... Architecture and related services ........................... Area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies .............. Biological and biomedical sciences ........................ Business .................................................................

1,229 152 186 5,003 1,251

610 51 108 2,982 625

31 5 20 112 98

19 4 9 157 29

35 13 19 469 79

3 0 2 12 3

531 79 28 1,271 417

790 83 67 2,714 820

396 25 43 1590 424

17 1 5 42 42

9 4 2 83 22

15 4 6 254 38

3 0 0 5 1

350 49 11 740 293

439 69 119 2289 431

214 26 65 1392 201

14 4 15 70 56

10 0 7 74 7

20 9 13 215 41

0 0 2 7 2

181 30 17 531 124

Communications, journalism, and related programs .......................................................... Communications technologies................................ Computer and information sciences ....................... Construction trades ................................................ Education................................................................

394 4 816 0 6,835

227 3 318 0 4,783

34 0 19 0 929

11 0 12 0 336

12 0 63 0 190

4 0 1 0 49

106 1 403 0 548

176 3 648 0 2,315

103 2 253 0 1613

10 0 11 0 279

5 0 9 0 126

6 0 50 0 56

1 0 0 0 11

51 1 325 0 230

218 1 168 0 4520

124 1 65 0 3170

24 0 8 0 650

6 0 3 0 210

6 0 13 0 134

3 0 1 0 38

55 0 78 0 318

Engineering ............................................................ Engineering technologies1...................................... English language and literature/letters ................... Family and consumer sciences .............................. Foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics........

5,276 57 1,246 372 1,042

1,694 20 960 259 571

99 2 66 30 13

112 0 41 13 102

317 4 44 10 41

13 0 6 0 1

3,041 31 129 60 314

4,371 44 492 106 424

1389 14 385 79 242

72 0 19 6 2

88 0 21 6 48

246 4 12 3 15

12 0 3 0 0

2564 26 52 12 117

905 13 754 266 618

305 6 575 180 329

27 2 47 24 11

24 0 20 7 54

71 0 32 7 26

1 0 3 0 1

477 5 77 48 197

Health professions and related clinical sciences .... Legal professions and studies ................................ Liberal arts and sciences, general studies, and humanities ........................................................ Library science ....................................................... Mathematics and statistics .....................................

3,328 105

2,387 20

133 0

101 0

231 3

12 0

464 82

1,030 68

651 11

37 0

29 0

84 3

8 0

221 54

2298 37

1736 9

96 0

72 0

147 0

4 0

243 28

78 62 1,007

68 33 425

1 2 20

1 0 19

0 5 46

0 1 1

8 21 496

24 25 734

21 11 307

1 0 16

0 0 12

0 2 29

0 0 0

2 12 370

54 37 273

47 22 118

0 2 4

1 0 7

0 3 17

0 1 1

6 9 126

Mechanics and repair technologies ........................ Military technologies ............................................... Multi/interdisciplinary studies.................................. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies ......... Philosophy and religious studies ............................

0 0 899 199 662

0 0 580 144 514

0 0 60 7 17

0 0 40 2 19

0 0 65 8 29

0 0 11 1 1

0 0 143 37 82

0 0 418 102 461

0 0 254 66 360

0 0 22 2 10

0 0 21 0 11

0 0 36 7 17

0 0 3 1 1

0 0 82 26 62

0 0 481 97 201

0 0 326 78 154

0 0 38 5 7

0 0 19 2 8

0 0 29 1 12

0 0 8 0 0

0 0 61 11 20

Physical sciences and science technologies .......... Precision production ............................................... Psychology ............................................................. Public administration and social service professions ....................................................... Security and protective services.............................

3,858 0 4,831

2,040 0 3,803

82 0 310

72 0 218

196 0 222

7 0 39

1,461 0 239

2,792 0 1,481

1462 0 1171

50 0 82

50 0 70

125 0 65

3 0 10

1102 0 83

1066 0 3350

578 0 2632

32 0 228

22 0 148

71 0 157

4 0 29

359 0 156

596 72

355 51

74 6

19 0

36 3

3 0

109 12

262 43

151 30

18 5

4 0

19 2

0 0

70 6

334 29

204 21

56 1

15 0

17 1

3 0

39 6

Social sciences and history .................................... Social sciences ................................................... History................................................................. Theology and religious vocations ........................... Transportation and materials moving...................... Visual and performing arts .....................................

3,850 2,989 861 1,321 0 1,293

2,323 1,654 669 844 0 900

204 147 57 111 0 32

161 130 31 33 0 31

149 118 31 67 0 70

26 22 4 0 0 0

987 918 69 266 0 260

2,196 1,682 514 1,039 0 613

1310 901 409 649 0 458

76 47 29 73 0 15

82 59 23 25 0 15

65 54 11 59 0 21

14 11 3 0 0 0

649 610 39 233 0 104

1654 1307 347 282 0 680

1013 753 260 195 0 442

128 100 28 38 0 17

79 71 8 8 0 16

84 64 20 8 0 49

12 11 1 0 0 0

338 308 30 33 0 156

1Excludes “Construction trades” and “Mechanics and repair technologies,” which are listed separately. NOTE: Reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. To facilitate trend comparisons, certain aggregations have been made of the degree fields as reported in the IPEDS Fall survey: “Agriculture and natural resources” includes Agriculture, agri-

culture operations, and related sciences and Natural resources and conservation; and “Business” includes Business management, marketing, and related support services, and Personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2003. (This table was prepared December 2004.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 465 Degrees

2 All fields, total ...............................................

466 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees _

Table 270. First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04 Number of degrees conferred

Percentage distribution of degrees conferred

American Asian/ Indian/ Pacific Alaska Islander Native

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

12

13

14

15

4.0 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.8

1.7 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.4

1.6 2.0 2.6 4.2 4.7

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

1.1 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.5

84.3 82.5 81.1 79.7 78.4

5.0 4.9 5.5 5.9 6.3

3.5 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3

5.3 6.5 6.9 7.8 8.4

0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5

1.5 1.8 2.1 1.9 2.1

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

77.6 76.6 75.6 74.9 74.5

6.5 6.7 7.0 6.8 6.9

4.5 4.6 4.5 4.9 4.8

8.6 9.4 9.9 10.4 10.7

0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7

2.1 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.3

2,083 1,883 1,955 1,930

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

73.5 73.0 72.6 72.7

6.8 7.2 7.1 7.1

4.8 4.9 5.1 5.1

11.6 11.9 12.1 12.0

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

2.6 2.3 2.4 2.3

159 134 176 148 135

614 537 681 688 708

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

91.9 91.3 89.7 87.5 86.5

3.4 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.8

1.7 2.2 2.6 3.1 3.3

1.5 1.9 2.4 4.0 4.5

0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3

1.2 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.6

2,211 2,775 2,871 3,214 3,490

144 159 192 222 223

762 948 1,103 1,015 1,081

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

85.6 84.0 82.9 81.8 80.6

3.8 3.6 4.0 4.3 4.6

3.5 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1

5.0 6.2 6.4 7.2 7.8

0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

1.7 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.4

1,947 1,985 1,973 2,064 2,095

3,539 3,959 4,017 4,333 4,372

256 290 291 333 285

1,108 1,121 1,148 1,141 1,170

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

80.0 79.0 78.3 77.3 76.9

4.7 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.2

4.4 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.7

7.9 8.7 8.9 9.8 9.9

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6

2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6

2,110 2,223 2,172 2,248

1,977 2,045 2,047 2,080

4,518 4,613 4,618 4,528

278 292 296 275

1,262 1,110 1,105 1,044

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

76.3 75.8 75.5 75.9

4.9 5.2 5.2 5.3

4.6 4.8 4.9 4.9

10.5 10.9 11.0 10.7

0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7

2.9 2.6 2.6 2.5

10,645 16,922 20,589 21,815 22,451

776 1,159 1,406 1,530 1,738

183 410 645 895 976

245 465 664 1,157 1,400

37 58 72 116 122

87 132 180 297 340

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

88.9 88.4 87.4 84.5 83.1

6.5 6.1 6.0 5.9 6.4

1.5 2.1 2.7 3.5 3.6

2.0 2.4 2.8 4.5 5.2

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5

0.7 0.7 0.8 1.2 1.3

23,098 23,321 23,750 23,569 23,255

1,909 1,983 2,331 2,542 2,670

1,030 1,172 1,225 1,351 1,396

1,624 2,066 2,305 2,678 2,906

117 139 178 149 190

324 394 445 422 530

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

82.2 80.2 78.6 76.7 75.1

6.8 6.8 7.7 8.3 8.6

3.7 4.0 4.1 4.4 4.5

5.8 7.1 7.6 8.7 9.4

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6

1.2 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.7

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Nonresident alien

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

Hispanic

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Total 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–89........................... 1989–90...........................

63,953 71,340 71,057 70,856 70,988

58,422 64,551 63,219 61,214 60,487

2,537 2,931 3,029 3,148 3,409

1,076 1,541 1,884 2,269 2,425

1,021 1,456 1,816 2,976 3,362

196 192 248 264 257

701 669 861 985 1,048

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

91.4 90.5 89.0 86.4 85.2

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

71,948 74,146 75,387 75,418 75,800

60,631 61,170 61,165 60,143 59,402

3,588 3,628 4,132 4,444 4,747

2,547 2,867 2,996 3,131 3,231

3,835 4,841 5,176 5,892 6,396

261 298 370 371 413

1,086 1,342 1,548 1,437 1,611

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

76,734 78,730 78,598 78,439 80,057

59,525 60,280 59,443 58,720 59,637

5,022 5,301 5,499 5,333 5,555

3,475 3,615 3,552 3,864 3,865

6,627 7,374 7,757 8,152 8,584

463 514 561 612 564

1,622 1,646 1,786 1,758 1,852

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

79,707 80,698 80,810 83,041

58,598 58,874 58,678 60,379

5,416 5,811 5,715 5,930

3,806 3,965 4,086 4,273

9,261 9,584 9,790 9,964

543 581 586 565

Males 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–89........................... 1989–90...........................

51,980 52,194 47,501 45,046 43,961

47,777 47,629 42,630 39,399 38,036

1,761 1,772 1,623 1,618 1,671

893 1,131 1,239 1,374 1,449

776 991 1,152 1,819 1,962

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

43,846 45,071 45,153 44,707 44,853

37,533 37,849 37,415 36,574 36,147

1,679 1,645 1,801 1,902 2,077

1,517 1,695 1,771 1,780 1,835

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

44,748 45,564 44,911 44,339 44,239

35,786 36,008 35,172 34,271 34,004

2,112 2,201 2,310 2,197 2,313

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

42,862 42,507 41,834 42,169

32,717 32,224 31,596 31,994

Females 1976–771 ......................... 1980–812 ......................... 1984–853 ......................... 1988–89........................... 1989–90...........................

11,973 19,146 23,556 25,810 27,027

1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95...........................

28,102 29,075 30,234 30,711 30,947

Year and sex 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 467 Degrees

Table 270. First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by racial/ethnic group and sex of student: Selected years, 1976–77 through 2003–04—Continued Number of degrees conferred

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

5

6

7

8

2,910 3,100 3,189 3,136 3,242

1,528 1,630 1,579 1,800 1,770

3,088 3,415 3,740 3,819 4,212

207 224 270 279 279

3,306 3,588 3,543 3,682

1,829 1,920 2,039 2,193

4,743 4,971 5,172 5,436

265 289 290 290

Total

White, nonHispanic

Black, nonHispanic

2

3

4

1995–96........................... 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000.......................

31,986 33,166 33,687 34,100 35,818

23,739 24,272 24,271 24,449 25,633

2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–04...........................

36,845 38,191 38,976 40,872

25,881 26,650 27,082 28,385

Year and sex 1

Percentage distribution of degrees conferred

1Excludes 394 men and 12 women whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 2Excludes 598 men and 18 women whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 3Excludes 2,954 men and 1,052 women whose racial/ethnic group was not available. 4Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

NOTE: For years 1984–85 to 2003–04, reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of degree, and sex were used to estimate race/ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported. Black includes African American, Pacific Islander

Total

Black, nonHispanic

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

514 525 638 617 682

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

74.2 73.2 72.0 71.7 71.6

9.1 9.3 9.5 9.2 9.1

4.8 4.9 4.7 5.3 4.9

9.7 10.3 11.1 11.2 11.8

0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8

1.6 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.9

821 773 850 886

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

70.2 69.8 69.5 69.4

9.0 9.4 9.1 9.0

5.0 5.0 5.2 5.4

12.9 13.0 13.3 13.3

0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7

2.2 2.0 2.2 2.2

Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

White, nonHispanic

Nonresident alien

includes Native Hawaiian, and Hispanic includes Latino. Race categories exclude Hispanic origin unless specified. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1976–77 through 1984–85; and 1988–89 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:89–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 271. First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2003–04 Total

Major field of study 1 All fields, total ...............................................

Males

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Females

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

White, Black, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

83,041

60,379

5,930

4,273

9,964

565

1,930

42,169

31,994

2,248

2,080

4,528

275

1,044

40,872

28,385

3,682

2,193

5,436

290

886 166

Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.) ....................................

4,335

2,703

194

202

896

17

323

2,532

1,732

72

98

466

7

157

1,803

971

122

104

430

10

Medicine (M.D.).......................................................

15,442

10,255

1,051

792

3,034

111

199

8,273

5,697

388

397

1,631

58

102

7,169

4,558

663

395

1,403

53

97

Optometry (O.D.) ....................................................

1,275

815

29

49

326

2

54

543

379

15

15

101

2

31

732

436

14

34

225

0

23

Osteopathic medicine (D.O.)...................................

2,722

2,064

96

93

447

17

5

1,567

1,210

36

50

256

12

3

1,155

854

60

43

191

5

2

Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) .............................................

8,221

5,076

684

319

1,910

43

189

2,711

1,752

217

111

572

12

47

5,510

3,324

467

208

1,338

31

142

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Podiatry (Pod.D. or D.P.) or podiatric medicine (D.P.M.) .............................................................

382

237

46

31

52

6

10

221

148

18

15

28

5

7

161

89

28

16

24

1

3

Veterinary medicine (D.V.M.) ..................................

2,228

2,003

53

86

60

18

8

569

520

13

23

8

4

1

1,659

1,483

40

63

52

14

7

Chiropractic medicine (D.C. or D.C.M.) ...................

2,730

2,129

97

125

211

15

153

1,868

1,475

50

95

146

11

91

862

654

47

30

65

4

62

Naturopathic medicine............................................

165

141

3

6

9

1

5

42

35

0

0

3

1

3

123

106

3

6

6

0

2

Law (LL.B. or J.D.) ..................................................

40,209

31,087

2,935

2,430

2,768

322

667

20,332

16,503

1,065

1,161

1,112

154

337

19,877

14,584

1,870

1,269

1,656

168

330

Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D., or Ord.) .................

5,332

3,869

742

140

251

13

317

3,511

2,543

374

115

205

9

265

1,821

1,326

368

25

46

4

52

NOTE: Reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of study, and sex were used to estimate race/ ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

468 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

_

_

Table 272. First-professional degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by sex, racial/ethnic group, and major field of study: 2002–03 Total

Major field of study 1 All fields, total ...............................................

Males

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

Females

Black, White, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

White, Black, nonnonTotal Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Asian/ Pacific Islander

American Indian/ Alaska Native

Nonresident alien

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

80,810

58,678

5,715

4,086

9,790

586

1,955

41,834

31,596

2,172

2,047

4,618

296

1,105

38,976

27,082

3,543

2,039

5,172

290

850 146

Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.) ....................................

4,344

2,666

165

198

975

22

318

2,653

1,784

61

95

532

9

172

1,691

882

104

103

443

13

Medicine (M.D.).......................................................

15,034

10,008

1,042

730

3,007

109

138

8,221

5,681

359

392

1,661

56

72

6,813

4,327

683

338

1,346

53

66

Optometry (O.D.) ....................................................

1,281

804

33

46

295

7

96

567

402

8

21

90

4

42

714

402

25

25

205

3

54

Osteopathic medicine (D.O.)...................................

2,529

1,912

86

86

422

15

8

1,479

1,153

31

36

246

8

5

1,050

759

55

50

176

7

3

Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) .............................................

7,465

4,600

642

250

1,742

53

178

2,599

1,637

198

102

576

23

63

4,866

2,963

444

148

1,166

30

115

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Podiatry (Pod.D. or D.P.) or podiatric medicine (D.P.M.) .............................................................

438

287

45

27

67

2

10

281

195

21

17

42

0

6

157

92

24

10

25

2

4

Veterinary medicine (D.V.M.) ..................................

2,354

2,134

72

56

65

9

18

680

626

25

11

13

1

4

1,674

1,508

47

45

52

8

14

Chiropractic medicine (D.C. or D.C.M.) ...................

2,718

2,069

88

110

253

14

184

1,867

1,447

47

67

170

12

124

851

622

41

43

83

2

60

Naturopathic medicine............................................

229

189

3

3

20

0

14

72

61

0

1

5

0

5

157

128

3

2

15

0

9

Law (LL.B. or J.D.) ..................................................

39,067

30,142

2,834

2,424

2,714

329

624

19,916

16,076

1,071

1,184

1,097

168

320

19,151

14,066

1,763

1,240

1,617

161

304

Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D., or Ord.) .................

5,351

3,867

705

156

230

26

367

3,499

2,534

351

121

186

15

292

1,852

1,333

354

35

44

11

75

NOTE: Reported racial/ethnic distributions of students by level of degree, field of study, and sex were used to estimate race/ ethnicity for students whose race/ethnicity was not reported.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2003. (This table was prepared December 2004.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 469 Degrees

470 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 273. Degrees in agriculture and natural resources conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

12,672 13,516 14,756 16,253 17,528

12,136 12,779 13,661 14,684 15,061

536 737 1,095 1,569 2,467

2,457 2,680 2,807 2,928 3,067

2,313 2,490 2,588 2,640 2,703

144 190 219 288 364

1,086 971 1,059 930 991

1,055 945 1,031 897 958

31 26 28 33 33

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

19,402 21,467 22,650 23,134 22,802

15,845 16,690 17,069 16,854 16,045

3,557 4,777 5,581 6,280 6,757

3,340 3,724 4,023 3,994 3,976

2,862 3,177 3,268 3,187 3,082

478 547 755 807 894

928 893 971 950 991

867 831 909 877 879

61 62 62 73 112

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

21,886 21,029 20,909 19,317 18,107

15,154 14,443 14,085 13,206 12,477

6,732 6,586 6,824 6,111 5,630

4,003 4,163 4,254 4,178 3,928

3,061 3,114 3,129 2,989 2,846

942 1,049 1,125 1,189 1,082

1,067 1,079 1,149 1,172 1,213

940 925 1,004 1,001 1,036

127 154 145 171 177

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

16,823 14,991 14,222 13,492 12,900

11,544 10,314 9,744 9,298 8,822

5,279 4,677 4,478 4,194 4,078

3,801 3,522 3,479 3,245 3,382

2,701 2,460 2,427 2,231 2,239

1,100 1,062 1,052 1,014 1,143

1,158 1,049 1,142 1,183 1,295

966 871 926 950 1,038

192 178 216 233 257

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

13,124 15,113 16,769 18,056 19,832

8,832 9,867 11,079 11,746 12,686

4,292 5,246 5,690 6,310 7,146

3,295 3,730 3,959 4,110 4,234

2,160 2,409 2,474 2,512 2,541

1,135 1,321 1,485 1,598 1,693

1,185 1,205 1,159 1,262 1,256

953 955 869 969 955

232 250 290 293 301

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

21,425 22,597 23,276 23,916 24,238

13,531 13,791 13,806 13,864 13,843

7,894 8,806 9,470 10,052 10,395

4,551 4,505 4,464 4,404 4,360

2,642 2,601 2,545 2,377 2,356

1,909 1,904 1,919 2,027 2,004

1,259 1,202 1,290 1,231 1,168

926 875 924 855 803

333 327 366 376 365

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

23,370 23,331 23,294 22,835

12,840 12,630 12,327 11,889

10,530 10,701 10,967 10,946

4,272 4,503 4,492 4,783

2,251 2,340 2,232 2,306

2,021 2,163 2,260 2,477

1,127 1,148 1,229 1,185

741 760 790 758

386 388 439 427

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Includes degrees in agriculture, agriculture operations, and related sciences and natural resources and conservation. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Con-

Females

ferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 471 Degrees

Table 274. Degrees in architecture and related services conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1949–50.............................. 1959–60.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70.............................. 1970–71..............................

2,563 1,801 3,057 4,105 5,570

2,441 1,744 2,931 3,888 4,906

122 57 126 217 664

166 319 1,021 1,427 1,705

159 305 953 1,260 1,469

7 14 68 167 236

1 17 15 35 36

1 17 15 33 33

0 0 0 2 3

1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75.............................. 1975–76..............................

6,440 6,962 7,822 8,226 9,146

5,667 6,042 6,665 6,791 7,396

773 920 1,157 1,435 1,750

1,899 2,307 2,702 2,938 3,215

1,626 1,943 2,208 2,343 2,545

273 364 494 595 670

50 58 69 69 82

43 54 65 58 69

7 4 4 11 13

1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80.............................. 1980–81..............................

9,222 9,250 9,273 9,132 9,455

7,249 7,054 6,876 6,596 6,800

1,973 2,196 2,397 2,536 2,655

3,213 3,115 3,113 3,139 3,153

2,489 2,304 2,226 2,245 2,234

724 811 887 894 919

73 73 96 79 93

62 57 74 66 73

11 16 22 13 20

1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85.............................. 1985–86..............................

9,728 9,823 9,186 9,325 9,119

6,825 6,403 5,895 6,019 5,824

2,903 3,420 3,291 3,306 3,295

3,327 3,357 3,223 3,275 3,260

2,242 2,224 2,197 2,148 2,129

1,085 1,133 1,026 1,127 1,131

80 97 84 89 73

58 74 62 66 56

22 23 22 23 17

1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90.............................. 1990–91..............................

8,950 8,603 9,150 9,364 9,781

5,617 5,271 5,545 5,703 5,788

3,333 3,332 3,605 3,661 3,993

3,163 3,159 3,383 3,499 3,490

2,086 2,042 2,192 2,228 2,244

1,077 1,117 1,191 1,271 1,246

92 98 86 103 135

66 66 63 73 101

26 32 23 30 34

1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95.............................. 1995–96..............................

8,753 9,167 8,975 8,756 8,352

5,805 5,940 5,764 5,741 5,340

2,948 3,227 3,211 3,015 3,012

3,640 3,808 3,943 3,923 3,993

2,271 2,376 2,428 2,310 2,361

1,369 1,432 1,515 1,613 1,632

132 148 161 141 141

93 105 111 95 96

39 43 50 46 45

1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01..............................

7,944 7,652 8,246 8,462 8,480

5,090 4,966 5,157 5,193 5,086

2,854 2,686 3,089 3,269 3,394

4,034 4,347 4,172 4,268 4,302

2,336 2,537 2,394 2,508 2,515

1,698 1,810 1,778 1,760 1,787

135 131 123 129 153

93 80 80 85 83

42 51 43 44 70

2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

8,808 9,054 8,838

5,224 5,329 5,059

3,584 3,725 3,779

4,566 4,925 5,424

2,606 2,832 3,049

1,960 2,093 2,375

183 152 173

117 83 94

66 69 79

1

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1949–50 and 1959–60; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1967–68 through

1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

472 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees _

Table 275. Degrees in the biological and biomedical sciences conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1951–52 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1951–52.............................. 1953–54.............................. 1955–56.............................. 1957–58.............................. 1959–60..............................

11,094 9,279 12,423 14,308 15,576

8,212 6,710 9,515 11,159 11,654

2,882 2,569 2,908 3,149 3,922

2,307 1,610 1,759 1,852 2,154

1,908 1,287 1,379 1,448 1,668

399 323 380 404 486

764 1,077 1,025 1,125 1,205

680 977 908 987 1,086

84 100 117 138 119

1961–62.............................. 1963–64.............................. 1965–66.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70..............................

16,915 22,723 26,916 31,826 34,034

12,136 16,321 19,368 22,986 23,919

4,779 6,402 7,548 8,840 10,115

2,642 3,296 4,232 5,506 5,800

1,982 2,348 3,085 3,959 3,975

660 948 1,147 1,547 1,825

1,338 1,625 2,097 2,784 3,289

1,179 1,432 1,792 2,345 2,820

159 193 305 439 469

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

35,683 37,269 42,205 48,224 51,576

25,303 26,314 29,624 33,205 34,559

10,380 10,955 12,581 15,019 17,017

5,623 5,983 6,153 6,405 6,422

3,780 4,050 4,314 4,510 4,551

1,843 1,933 1,839 1,895 1,871

3,595 3,566 3,569 3,342 3,315

3,011 2,963 2,880 2,670 2,598

584 603 689 672 717

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

54,085 53,420 51,326 48,668 46,190

35,449 34,150 31,654 29,146 26,757

18,636 19,270 19,672 19,522 19,433

6,453 6,948 6,644 6,631 6,322

4,463 4,666 4,351 4,194 4,032

1,990 2,282 2,293 2,437 2,290

3,313 3,299 3,218 3,410 3,527

2,606 2,601 2,447 2,560 2,626

707 698 771 850 901

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

43,003 41,425 39,767 38,445 38,229

24,069 22,687 21,483 20,499 20,017

18,934 18,738 18,284 17,946 18,212

5,759 5,667 5,693 5,468 5,100

3,597 3,375 3,284 3,108 2,770

2,162 2,292 2,409 2,360 2,330

3,591 3,611 3,331 3,435 3,408

2,581 2,579 2,268 2,367 2,302

1,010 1,032 1,063 1,068 1,106

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

38,320 37,977 36,576 35,957 37,204

19,950 19,626 18,202 17,935 18,305

18,370 18,351 18,374 18,022 18,899

5,043 4,980 4,857 5,009 4,906

2,719 2,637 2,520 2,583 2,492

2,324 2,343 2,337 2,426 2,414

3,352 3,397 3,606 3,535 3,837

2,236 2,216 2,338 2,245 2,425

1,116 1,181 1,268 1,290 1,412

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

39,377 42,781 46,868 51,157 55,790

19,358 20,748 22,795 25,002 26,628

20,019 22,033 24,073 26,155 29,162

4,796 4,816 4,974 5,390 5,824

2,396 2,411 2,505 2,644 2,885

2,400 2,405 2,469 2,746 2,939

4,034 4,323 4,595 4,724 4,881

2,547 2,676 2,767 2,809 2,901

1,487 1,647 1,828 1,915 1,980

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

60,750 63,679 65,583 64,608 63,005

28,782 29,432 29,511 28,175 26,310

31,968 34,247 36,072 36,433 36,695

6,544 6,925 6,788 6,913 6,781

3,180 3,389 3,301 3,247 3,131

3,364 3,536 3,487 3,666 3,650

5,035 5,094 5,236 5,024 5,180

2,929 2,890 2,970 2,875 2,887

2,106 2,204 2,266 2,149 2,293

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

59,865 59,415 60,072 61,509

24,293 23,346 22,899 23,248

35,572 36,069 37,173 38,261

6,955 6,937 6,990 7,657

3,043 2,996 2,982 3,227

3,912 3,941 4,008 4,430

4,953 4,823 5,003 5,242

2,757 2,667 2,714 2,804

2,196 2,156 2,289 2,438

1

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1951–52 through 1963–64; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1965–66

Females

through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 473 Degrees _

Table 276. Degrees in biology, microbiology, and zoology conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1970–71 through 2003–04 Biology, general Year

Microbiology

Zoology

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

26,294 27,473 31,185 36,188 38,748

2,665 2,943 2,959 3,186 3,109

536 580 627 657 637

1,475 1,548 1,940 2,311 2,767

456 470 517 505 552

365 351 344 384 345

5,721 5,518 5,763 6,128 6,110

1,027 1,040 1,042 1,091 1,039

878 836 803 677 697

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

40,163 39,530 37,598 35,962 33,523

3,177 3,322 3,094 3,093 2,911

624 608 664 663 718

2,927 2,884 2,695 2,670 2,631

585 659 615 597 596

364 325 353 395 376

6,077 5,574 5,096 4,738 4,301

976 985 958 946 922

645 696 624 669 639

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

31,323 29,651 28,022 27,379 27,593

2,598 2,579 2,354 2,313 2,130

734 678 521 617 658

2,414 2,377 2,324 2,349 2,207

482 470 499 505 471

370 350 358 388 319

3,873 3,615 3,407 3,231 3,069

881 868 738 700 664

613 625 533 521 508

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

27,618 27,465 26,838 26,229 27,213

2,173 2,022 1,981 2,097 1,998

574 537 576 527 551

2,257 2,159 2,061 1,833 1,973

392 451 404 449 403

362 380 442 423 441

2,894 2,791 2,537 2,549 2,473

618 623 629 634 548

548 464 492 466 545

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

29,285 31,909 34,932 38,103 41,658

1,956 1,995 2,000 2,178 2,350

632 657 671 665 729

1,788 1,750 1,798 1,872 1,992

343 372 367 359 326

443 532 621 591 572

2,641 2,811 3,036 3,162 3,149

551 530 559 658 586

516 494 465 503 487

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

44,818 46,632 47,054 46,078 44,982

2,606 2,742 2,617 2,608 2,599

768 693 809 711 727

2,220 2,530 2,926 2,871 3,049

364 363 401 410 383

606 612 585 547 551

3,463 3,438 3,653 3,426 3,226

677 720 685 604 616

501 474 465 461 481

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

42,310 42,281 42,668 43,465

2,582 2,424 2,341 2,529

780 689 680 681

2,779 2,622 2,455 2,365

334 325 297 350

553 538 507 599

3,045 2,979 2,488 2,454

560 578 385 367

380 413 360 245

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Con-

Doctor’s

ferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

474 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 277. Degrees in business conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1955–56 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1955–56.............................. 1957–58.............................. 1959–60.............................. 1961–62.............................. 1963–64..............................

42,813 51,991 51,076 49,017 55,474

38,706 48,063 47,262 45,184 51,056

4,107 3,928 3,814 3,833 4,418

3,280 4,223 4,643 7,691 9,251

3,118 4,072 4,476 7,484 9,008

162 151 167 207 243

129 110 135 226 275

127 105 133 221 268

2 5 2 5 7

1965–66.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70.............................. 1970–71.............................. 1971–72..............................

62,721 79,074 105,580 115,396 121,917

57,516 72,126 96,346 104,936 110,331

5,205 6,948 9,234 10,460 11,586

12,959 17,795 21,561 26,490 30,509

12,628 17,186 20,792 25,458 29,317

331 609 769 1,032 1,192

387 441 620 774 876

370 427 610 753 857

17 14 10 21 19

1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75.............................. 1975–76.............................. 1976–77..............................

126,717 132,304 133,639 143,171 152,010

113,337 115,363 111,983 114,986 116,394

13,380 16,941 21,656 28,185 35,616

31,208 32,691 36,315 42,592 46,505

29,689 30,557 33,274 37,654 39,852

1,519 2,134 3,041 4,938 6,653

917 922 939 906 839

864 873 900 856 785

53 49 39 50 54

1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80.............................. 1980–81.............................. 1981–82..............................

160,775 172,392 186,264 200,521 215,190

117,103 119,765 123,639 126,798 130,693

43,672 52,627 62,625 73,723 84,497

48,347 50,397 55,008 57,888 61,251

40,224 40,766 42,744 43,411 44,230

8,123 9,631 12,264 14,477 17,021

834 852 767 808 826

760 752 650 686 676

74 100 117 122 150

1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85.............................. 1985–86.............................. 1986–87..............................

226,442 229,013 232,282 236,700 240,346

131,451 129,296 127,467 128,415 128,506

94,991 99,717 104,815 108,285 111,840

64,741 66,129 66,981 66,676 67,093

45,987 46,167 46,199 45,927 44,913

18,754 19,962 20,782 20,749 22,180

770 926 827 923 1,062

638 727 685 720 808

132 199 142 203 254

1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90.............................. 1990–91.............................. 1991–92..............................

242,859 246,262 248,568 249,165 256,298

129,467 131,098 132,284 131,557 135,263

113,392 115,164 116,284 117,608 121,035

69,230 73,065 76,676 78,255 84,517

45,980 48,540 50,585 50,883 54,609

23,250 24,525 26,091 27,372 29,908

1,063 1,100 1,093 1,185 1,242

810 800 818 876 953

253 300 275 309 289

1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95.............................. 1995–96.............................. 1996–97..............................

256,473 246,265 233,895 226,623 225,934

135,368 128,946 121,663 116,545 116,023

121,105 117,319 112,232 110,078 109,911

89,425 93,285 93,540 93,554 97,204

57,504 59,223 58,931 58,400 59,333

31,921 34,062 34,609 35,154 37,871

1,346 1,364 1,391 1,366 1,336

969 980 1,011 972 947

377 384 380 394 389

1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02..............................

232,079 240,947 256,070 263,515 278,217

119,379 122,250 128,521 132,275 138,343

112,700 118,697 127,549 131,240 139,874

101,652 107,477 111,532 115,602 119,725

62,357 64,700 67,078 68,471 70,463

39,295 42,777 44,454 47,131 49,262

1,290 1,201 1,194 1,180 1,156

885 843 812 783 746

405 358 382 397 410

2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

293,545 307,149

145,151 152,513

148,394 154,636

127,545 139,347

75,184 80,858

52,361 58,489

1,251 1,481

820 960

431 521

1

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Includes degrees in business management, marketing, and related support services, and personal and culinary services. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1955–56 through 1963–64; Higher Education General Information

Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1965–66 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 475 Degrees

Table 278. Degrees in communications, journalism, and related programs conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

10,802 12,340 14,317 17,096 19,248

6,989 7,964 9,074 10,536 11,455

3,813 4,376 5,243 6,560 7,793

1,856 2,200 2,406 2,640 2,794

1,214 1,443 1,546 1,668 1,618

642 757 860 972 1,176

145 111 139 175 165

126 96 114 146 119

19 15 25 29 46

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

21,282 23,214 25,400 26,457 28,616

12,458 12,932 13,480 13,266 13,656

8,824 10,282 11,920 13,191 14,960

3,126 3,091 3,296 2,882 3,082

1,818 1,719 1,673 1,483 1,527

1,308 1,372 1,623 1,399 1,555

204 171 191 192 193

154 130 138 138 121

50 41 53 54 72

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

31,282 34,222 38,647 40,203 42,102

14,179 14,917 16,213 16,662 17,233

17,103 19,305 22,434 23,541 24,869

3,105 3,327 3,600 3,620 3,657

1,448 1,578 1,660 1,578 1,574

1,657 1,749 1,940 2,042 2,083

182 200 208 216 232

107 136 123 129 141

75 64 85 87 91

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

43,145 45,521 46,916 48,889 51,572

17,681 18,201 18,672 19,357 20,374

25,464 27,320 28,244 29,532 31,198

3,808 3,881 3,916 4,249 4,353

1,603 1,584 1,568 1,734 1,705

2,205 2,297 2,348 2,515 2,648

218 275 233 248 272

116 158 133 137 145

102 117 100 111 127

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

53,047 55,144 54,907 52,033 48,969

20,806 21,601 22,154 21,484 20,501

32,241 33,543 32,753 30,549 28,468

4,327 4,463 5,179 5,388 5,559

1,711 1,692 1,969 2,088 2,086

2,616 2,771 3,210 3,300 3,473

272 255 301 345 321

150 132 146 174 162

122 123 155 171 159

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

48,173 47,894 50,263 52,460 57,058

19,868 19,771 20,103 20,950 22,152

28,305 28,123 30,160 31,510 34,906

5,561 5,552 6,097 5,556 5,525

2,153 1,989 2,369 2,001 2,030

3,408 3,563 3,728 3,555 3,495

345 300 359 352 357

190 155 171 183 168

155 145 188 169 189

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

59,191 64,036 69,792 73,002

22,542 23,692 25,325 25,813

36,649 40,344 44,467 47,189

5,645 5,980 6,495 6,900

1,964 2,169 2,301 2,329

3,681 3,811 4,194 4,571

370 383 398 426

190 168 179 186

180 215 219 240

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Includes degrees in communications and communications technologies. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Con-

Females

ferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

476 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 279. Degrees in computer and information sciences conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

2,388 3,402 4,304 4,756 5,033

2,064 2,941 3,664 3,976 4,080

324 461 640 780 953

1,588 1,977 2,113 2,276 2,299

1,424 1,752 1,888 1,983 1,961

164 225 225 293 338

128 167 196 198 213

125 155 181 189 199

3 12 15 9 14

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

5,652 6,407 7,201 8,719 11,154

4,534 4,876 5,349 6,272 7,782

1,118 1,531 1,852 2,447 3,372

2,603 2,798 3,038 3,055 3,647

2,226 2,332 2,471 2,480 2,883

377 466 567 575 764

244 216 196 236 240

221 197 181 206 213

23 19 15 30 27

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

15,121 20,267 24,565 32,439 39,121

10,202 13,218 15,641 20,416 24,737

4,919 7,049 8,924 12,023 14,384

4,218 4,935 5,321 6,190 7,101

3,247 3,625 3,813 4,379 5,064

971 1,310 1,508 1,811 2,037

252 251 262 251 248

227 230 228 225 223

25 21 34 26 25

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

42,337 39,767 34,651 30,560 27,347

27,208 25,962 23,414 21,143 19,159

15,129 13,805 11,237 9,417 8,188

8,070 8,481 9,197 9,414 9,677

5,658 5,985 6,726 6,775 6,960

2,412 2,496 2,471 2,639 2,717

344 374 428 551 627

299 322 380 466 534

45 52 48 85 93

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

25,159 24,821 24,519 24,527 24,737

17,771 17,685 17,606 17,528 17,684

7,388 7,136 6,913 6,999 7,053

9,324 9,655 10,353 10,568 10,595

6,563 6,980 7,557 7,836 7,805

2,761 2,675 2,796 2,732 2,790

676 772 805 810 887

584 669 689 685 726

92 103 116 125 161

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

24,506 25,422 27,829 30,574 37,788

17,757 18,527 20,372 22,298 27,185

6,749 6,895 7,457 8,276 10,603

10,579 10,513 11,765 12,858 14,990

7,729 7,526 8,343 8,871 9,978

2,850 2,987 3,422 3,987 5,012

869 857 858 801 779

743 721 718 650 648

126 136 140 151 131

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

44,142 50,365 57,439 59,488

31,923 36,462 41,950 44,585

12,219 13,903 15,489 14,903

16,911 17,173 19,503 20,143

11,195 11,447 13,265 13,868

5,716 5,726 6,238 6,275

768 752 816 909

632 581 648 709

136 171 168 200

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Con-

ferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 477 Degrees

Table 280. Degrees in education conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1949–50.............................. 1959–60.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70..............................

61,472 89,002 133,965 163,964

31,398 25,556 31,926 40,420

30,074 63,446 102,039 123,544

20,069 33,433 63,399 78,020

12,025 18,057 30,672 34,832

8,044 15,376 32,727 43,188

953 1,591 4,078 5,588

797 1,279 3,250 4,479

156 312 828 1,109

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

176,307 190,880 193,984 184,907 166,758

44,896 49,344 51,300 48,997 44,463

131,411 141,536 142,684 135,910 122,295

87,666 96,668 103,777 110,402 117,841

38,365 41,141 43,298 44,112 44,430

49,301 55,527 60,479 66,290 73,411

6,041 6,648 6,857 6,757 6,975

4,771 5,104 5,191 4,974 4,856

1,270 1,544 1,666 1,783 2,119

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

154,437 143,234 135,821 125,873 118,038

42,004 39,867 37,410 33,743 30,901

112,433 103,367 98,411 92,130 87,137

126,061 124,267 116,916 109,866 101,819

44,831 42,308 37,662 34,410 30,300

81,230 81,959 79,254 75,456 71,519

7,202 7,338 7,018 7,170 7,314

4,826 4,832 4,281 4,174 4,100

2,376 2,506 2,737 2,996 3,214

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

108,074 100,932 97,908 92,310 88,078

27,039 24,380 23,651 22,200 21,254

81,035 76,552 74,257 70,110 66,824

96,713 91,601 83,254 75,700 74,667

27,548 25,339 22,824 21,164 20,539

69,165 66,262 60,430 54,536 54,128

7,279 6,999 7,063 6,914 6,614

3,843 3,612 3,550 3,448 3,174

3,436 3,387 3,513 3,466 3,440

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

87,147 86,788 90,928 96,740 105,112

20,982 20,705 20,947 21,643 23,007

66,165 66,083 69,981 75,097 82,105

74,816 72,619 75,270 79,793 84,890

20,302 18,955 18,777 19,616 20,469

54,514 53,664 56,493 60,177 64,421

6,610 5,905 5,568 5,884 6,503

3,088 2,745 2,530 2,522 2,776

3,522 3,160 3,038 3,362 3,727

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

110,807 107,836 107,578 107,440 105,929

23,417 22,655 23,199 24,424 25,619

87,390 85,181 84,379 83,016 80,310

87,352 91,225 94,497 97,427 99,835

20,448 20,897 21,857 22,656 23,511

66,904 70,328 72,640 74,771 76,324

6,189 6,423 6,581 6,450 6,475

2,614 2,652 2,712 2,555 2,490

3,575 3,771 3,869 3,895 3,985

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

105,384 105,116 105,833 107,086 108,034

26,214 26,242 26,285 26,224 26,103

79,170 78,874 79,548 80,862 81,931

104,936 108,720 113,374 118,048 123,045

24,955 25,518 26,814 27,997 29,081

79,981 83,202 86,560 90,051 93,964

6,246 6,297 6,261 6,394 6,409

2,404 2,367 2,334 2,298 2,295

3,842 3,930 3,927 4,096 4,114

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

105,458 106,295 105,790 106,278

24,580 24,049 22,602 22,802

80,878 82,246 83,188 83,476

127,829 135,189 147,448 162,345

29,997 31,907 33,871 37,843

97,832 103,282 113,577 124,502

6,284 6,549 6,835 7,088

2,237 2,211 2,315 2,403

4,047 4,338 4,520 4,685

1

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1949–50 and 1959–60; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1967–68 through

Females

1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

478 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees _

Table 281. Degrees in engineering and engineering technologies conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1949–50.............................. 1959–60.............................. 1969–70..............................

52,246 37,679 44,479

52,071 37,537 44,149

175 142 330

4,496 7,159 15,593

4,481 7,133 15,421

15 26 172

417 786 3,681

416 783 3,657

1 3 24

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

50,182 51,258 51,384 50,412 47,131

49,775 50,726 50,766 49,611 46,105

407 532 618 801 1,026

16,947 17,299 16,988 15,851 15,837

16,734 17,009 16,694 15,470 15,426

213 290 294 381 411

3,688 3,708 3,513 3,374 3,181

3,663 3,685 3,459 3,318 3,113

25 23 54 56 68

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

46,676 49,482 56,150 62,898 69,387

45,184 47,238 52,353 57,603 62,877

1,492 2,244 3,797 5,295 6,510

16,800 16,659 16,887 16,012 16,765

16,174 15,891 15,940 14,971 15,535

626 768 947 1,041 1,230

2,874 2,622 2,483 2,545 2,546

2,805 2,547 2,424 2,459 2,447

69 75 59 86 99

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

75,355 80,632 89,811 95,295 97,099

67,573 71,305 78,673 82,841 83,991

7,782 9,327 11,138 12,454 13,108

17,216 18,475 19,949 21,197 22,124

15,761 16,747 18,038 18,916 19,688

1,455 1,728 1,911 2,281 2,436

2,608 2,676 2,871 3,032 3,269

2,499 2,532 2,742 2,864 3,055

109 144 129 168 214

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

97,122 93,560 89,406 85,982 82,480

84,050 80,543 76,886 74,020 70,859

13,072 13,017 12,520 11,962 11,621

22,146 23,101 23,839 25,066 25,294

19,545 20,137 20,815 21,731 21,753

2,601 2,964 3,024 3,335 3,541

3,456 3,854 4,237 4,572 5,030

3,220 3,585 3,941 4,160 4,576

236 269 296 412 454

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

79,751 78,058 78,662 78,662 78,569

68,482 67,104 67,248 66,920 66,223

11,269 10,954 11,414 11,742 12,346

25,450 26,430 29,149 30,172 30,031

21,780 22,444 24,758 25,453 25,090

3,670 3,986 4,391 4,719 4,941

5,330 5,533 5,894 6,011 6,173

4,834 4,998 5,322 5,339 5,435

496 535 572 672 738

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

78,086 75,757 74,649 72,665 73,419

65,430 63,066 61,955 59,703 59,741

12,656 12,691 12,694 12,962 13,678

28,946 27,106 27,327 26,738 26,726

23,928 22,114 21,867 21,394 21,100

5,018 4,992 5,460 5,344 5,626

6,431 6,250 6,038 5,461 5,421

5,623 5,476 5,294 4,676 4,582

808 774 744 785 839

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

72,975 74,679 77,267 78,227

59,564 60,474 62,837 63,502

13,411 14,205 14,430 14,725

27,272 27,057 30,669 35,197

21,405 21,263 24,169 27,667

5,867 5,794 6,500 7,530

5,604 5,245 5,333 5,981

4,669 4,332 4,415 4,923

935 913 918 1,058

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Includes degrees in engineering; engineering-related technologies; mechanics and repair technologies; and construction trades from 1969–70 through 2003–04. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1949–50 and 1959–60; Higher Education General Information Survey

(HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1969–70 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 479 Degrees _

Table 282. Degrees in chemical, civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1970–71 through 2003–04 Chemical engineering Year

Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering

Civil engineering

Mechanical engineering

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

3,579 3,625 3,578 3,399 3,070

1,100 1,154 1,051 1,044 990

406 394 397 400 346

6,526 6,803 7,390 8,017 7,651

2,425 2,487 2,627 2,652 2,769

446 415 397 368 356

12,198 12,101 12,313 11,316 10,161

4,282 4,206 3,895 3,499 3,469

879 824 791 705 701

8,858 8,530 8,523 7,677 6,890

2,237 2,282 2,141 1,843 1,858

438 411 370 385 340

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

3,140 3,524 4,569 5,568 6,320

1,031 1,086 1,235 1,149 1,270

308 291 259 304 284

7,923 8,228 9,135 9,809 10,326

2,999 2,964 2,685 2,646 2,683

370 309 277 253 270

9,791 9,936 11,133 12,338 13,821

3,774 3,788 3,740 3,591 3,836

649 566 503 586 525

6,800 7,703 8,875 10,107 11,808

1,907 1,952 1,942 1,877 2,060

305 283 279 271 281

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

6,527 6,740 7,185 7,475 7,146

1,267 1,285 1,368 1,514 1,544

300 311 319 330 418

10,678 10,524 9,989 9,693 9,162

2,891 2,995 3,074 3,146 3,172

325 329 340 369 377

14,938 16,455 18,049 19,943 21,691

3,901 4,462 4,531 5,078 5,153

535 526 550 585 660

13,329 13,922 15,675 16,629 16,794

2,291 2,399 2,511 2,797 3,053

276 333 299 319 409

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

5,877 4,991 3,917 3,663 3,430

1,361 1,184 1,088 1,093 1,035

446 497 579 602 562

8,679 8,147 7,488 7,312 7,252

2,926 2,901 2,836 2,903 2,812

395 451 481 505 516

23,742 24,547 23,597 21,908 20,711

5,534 6,183 6,688 7,028 7,225

722 724 860 998 1,162

16,194 15,450 14,900 14,843 14,336

3,075 3,198 3,329 3,498 3,424

426 528 596 633 742

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

3,444 3,754 4,459 5,163 5,901

903 956 990 1,032 1,085

611 590 595 604 571

7,314 8,034 8,868 9,479 9,927

2,927 3,113 3,610 3,873 4,077

536 540 577 651 625

19,320 17,958 17,281 15,823 14,929

7,095 7,360 7,870 7,791 7,693

1,220 1,282 1,413 1,470 1,543

13,977 14,067 14,464 15,030 14,794

3,516 3,653 3,982 4,099 4,213

757 851 871 887 890

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

6,319 6,564 6,319 6,033 5,807

1,176 1,131 1,128 1,130 1,078

670 650 652 572 590

10,607 10,437 9,926 9,121 8,136

3,905 3,833 3,795 3,648 3,433

616 640 610 543 543

13,900 13,336 12,995 12,531 12,930

7,103 6,393 6,737 6,690 6,926

1,591 1,512 1,458 1,303 1,392

14,177 13,493 13,071 12,705 12,807

3,881 3,608 3,441 3,258 3,273

940 913 933 774 776

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

5,611 5,462 5,109 4,742

1,083 973 1,065 1,165

610 605 542 623

7,588 7,665 7,835 7,827

3,310 3,295 3,596 3,790

571 574 599 636

13,091 13,056 13,627 14,123

6,815 6,587 7,621 9,511

1,417 1,235 1,256 1,440

12,817 13,058 13,693 14,050

3,371 3,391 3,695 4,420

849 772 747 787

1

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: From 1970–71 to 1981–82, civil engineering includes construction and transportation engineering. Degrees in engineering technologies are not included in this tabulation. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Con-

Doctor’s

ferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

480 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees _

Table 283. Degrees in English language and literature/letters conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1949–50.............................. 1959–60.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70..............................

17,240 20,128 47,977 56,410

8,221 7,580 15,700 18,650

9,019 12,548 32,277 37,760

2,259 2,931 7,916 8,517

1,320 1,458 3,434 3,326

939 1,473 4,482 5,191

230 397 977 1,213

181 314 717 837

49 83 260 376

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

63,914 63,707 60,607 54,190 47,062

22,005 22,580 22,022 20,082 17,689

41,909 41,127 38,585 34,108 29,373

10,441 10,412 10,035 9,573 9,178

4,126 4,066 3,988 3,824 3,463

6,315 6,346 6,047 5,749 5,715

1,554 1,734 1,817 1,755 1,595

1,107 1,173 1,189 1,142 974

447 561 628 613 621

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

41,452 37,343 34,799 33,218 32,187

15,898 14,135 12,972 12,085 11,237

25,554 23,208 21,827 21,133 20,950

8,599 7,824 7,444 6,503 6,026

3,290 2,907 2,623 2,307 2,181

5,309 4,917 4,821 4,196 3,845

1,514 1,373 1,272 1,186 1,196

895 768 698 639 635

619 605 574 547 561

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

31,922 33,078 31,327 32,296 32,686

11,082 11,300 10,699 11,007 11,195

20,840 21,778 20,628 21,289 21,491

5,742 5,593 4,866 4,814 4,987

2,026 1,916 1,653 1,681 1,723

3,716 3,677 3,213 3,133 3,264

1,040 986 877 899 915

497 467 419 413 414

543 519 458 486 501

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

34,083 35,667 38,106 41,786 46,803

11,657 12,133 12,687 13,729 15,437

22,426 23,534 25,419 28,057 31,366

5,335 5,298 5,366 5,716 6,317

1,811 1,819 1,796 1,930 2,125

3,524 3,479 3,570 3,786 4,192

895 853 858 929 986

390 367 380 405 444

505 486 478 524 542

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

51,064 54,250 55,289 53,150 51,170

16,891 18,314 19,007 18,214 17,581

34,173 35,936 36,282 34,936 33,589

6,784 7,215 7,537 7,611 7,612

2,203 2,441 2,570 2,620 2,672

4,581 4,774 4,967 4,991 4,940

1,056 1,142 1,201 1,205 1,393

469 484 495 512 589

587 658 706 693 804

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

49,928 48,641 49,016 49,800 50,106

17,007 16,325 16,280 16,285 16,124

32,921 32,316 32,736 33,515 33,982

7,657 7,487 7,587 7,288 7,022

2,727 2,650 2,568 2,442 2,315

4,930 4,837 5,019 4,846 4,707

1,395 1,431 1,489 1,407 1,470

535 610 611 560 611

860 821 878 847 859

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

50,569 52,375 53,670 53,984

15,997 16,457 16,725 16,792

34,572 35,918 36,945 37,192

6,763 7,097 7,413 7,956

2,160 2,270 2,426 2,459

4,603 4,827 4,987 5,497

1,330 1,291 1,246 1,207

533 532 492 479

797 759 754 728

1

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1949–50 and 1959–60; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1967–68 through

Females

1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 481 Degrees _

Table 284. Degrees in modern foreign languages and literatures conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1949–50.............................. 1959–60.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70..............................

4,477 4,527 17,499 19,457

1,746 1,548 4,450 4,921

2,731 2,979 13,049 14,536

919 832 3,911 4,154

456 392 1,555 1,476

463 440 2,356 2,678

168 150 491 590

135 100 336 369

33 50 155 221

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

19,806 18,673 18,989 18,807 17,842

4,994 4,635 4,589 4,486 4,174

14,812 14,038 14,400 14,321 13,668

4,847 4,692 4,422 4,105 4,004

1,668 1,633 1,578 1,399 1,330

3,179 3,059 2,844 2,706 2,674

854 911 1,092 1,035 969

536 575 650 575 504

318 336 442 460 465

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

15,731 14,162 13,037 11,957 11,315

3,718 3,416 3,127 2,845 2,783

12,013 10,746 9,910 9,112 8,532

3,670 3,293 2,913 2,563 2,376

1,235 1,019 870 771 704

2,435 2,274 2,043 1,792 1,672

1,010 875 768 765 639

514 430 351 363 278

496 445 417 402 361

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

10,464 10,014 10,026 9,829 10,357

2,542 2,426 2,560 2,611 2,719

7,922 7,588 7,466 7,218 7,638

2,255 2,170 1,891 1,929 1,879

739 671 633 602 597

1,516 1,499 1,258 1,327 1,282

708 646 594 565 558

328 281 254 242 236

380 365 340 323 322

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

10,407 10,740 10,513 11,376 11,991

2,884 2,988 2,839 3,037 3,185

7,523 7,752 7,674 8,339 8,806

1,870 1,918 2,028 2,110 2,225

562 586 665 654 674

1,308 1,332 1,363 1,456 1,551

523 545 534 512 599

206 230 228 216 239

317 315 306 296 360

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

12,704 13,300 13,904 13,761 13,196

3,526 3,679 3,848 3,960 3,949

9,178 9,621 10,056 9,801 9,247

2,282 2,400 2,683 2,699 2,578

710 738 857 830 790

1,572 1,662 1,826 1,869 1,788

647 706 717 747 814

274 284 287 273 335

373 422 430 474 479

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

13,337 13,053 13,618 14,163 14,186

3,881 3,792 3,926 4,084 3,939

9,456 9,261 9,692 10,079 10,247

2,562 2,470 2,367 2,267 2,228

792 753 715 657 669

1,770 1,717 1,652 1,610 1,559

746 793 819 757 804

292 316 327 294 311

454 477 492 463 493

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

14,292 14,236 14,843 15,408

3,966 3,945 4,202 4,362

10,326 10,291 10,641 11,046

2,244 2,284 2,256 2,307

664 648 600 662

1,580 1,636 1,656 1,645

818 780 749 743

294 313 282 278

524 467 467 465

1

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Includes degrees conferred in a single language or a combination of modern foreign languages. Excludes degrees in linguistics, Latin, classics, ancient and Middle/Near Eastern biblical and Semitic languages, ancient/classical Greek, Sanskrit and classical Indian languages, and sign language and sign language interpretation.

Females

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1949–50 and 1959–60; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1967–68 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

482 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees _

Table 285. Degrees in French, German, and Spanish conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 French Year

German

Spanish

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1949–50.............................. 1959–60.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70..............................

1,471 1,927 7,068 7,624

299 316 1,301 1,409

53 58 152 181

540 659 2,368 2,652

121 126 771 669

40 21 117 118

2,122 1,610 6,381 7,226

373 261 1,188 1,372

34 31 123 139

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

7,306 6,822 6,705 6,263 5,745

1,437 1,421 1,277 1,195 1,077

192 193 203 213 200

2,601 2,477 2,520 2,425 2,289

690 608 598 550 480

144 167 176 149 147

7,068 6,847 7,209 7,250 6,719

1,456 1,421 1,298 1,217 1,228

168 152 206 203 202

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

4,783 4,228 3,708 3,558 3,285

914 875 692 576 513

190 177 155 143 128

1,983 1,820 1,647 1,524 1,466

471 394 357 344 309

164 126 101 106 94

5,984 5,359 4,832 4,563 4,331

1,080 930 822 720 685

176 153 113 118 103

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

3,178 3,054 2,871 2,876 2,991

460 485 360 418 385

115 92 106 86 74

1,286 1,327 1,367 1,292 1,411

294 324 281 241 240

79 76 68 63 58

3,870 3,633 3,349 3,254 3,415

592 568 506 537 505

131 140 129 102 115

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

3,015 3,062 3,082 3,297 3,259

409 421 437 444 478

86 85 89 83 115

1,396 1,366 1,350 1,428 1,437

249 234 244 263 253

73 70 71 59 67

3,385 3,450 3,416 3,748 4,176

521 504 553 552 573

95 104 93 101 108

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

3,355 3,371 3,280 3,094 2,764

480 465 513 479 470

98 112 98 104 118

1,543 1,616 1,572 1,580 1,352

242 273 317 298 278

58 85 86 61 83

4,480 4,768 5,233 5,505 5,602

609 647 667 691 709

125 143 145 160 161

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

2,655 2,468 2,530 2,555 2,514

446 414 389 357 343

113 119 104 116 129

1,290 1,214 1,181 1,246 1,125

305 281 209 238 184

75 80 94 77 76

5,995 6,161 6,595 6,964 7,031

769 677 781 694 718

151 175 160 152 175

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

2,371 2,396 2,291 2,362

376 356 348 361

115 89 75 85

1,143 1,092 1,097 1,031

242 208 188 153

73 64 77 30

7,164 7,243 7,613 7,991

716 792 791 833

185 193 190 199

1

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1949–50 and 1959–60; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1967–68 through

Doctor’s

1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 483 Degrees

Table 286. Degrees in the health professions and related sciences conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

25,223 28,611 33,562 41,421 49,002

5,785 7,005 7,752 9,347 10,844

19,438 21,606 25,810 32,074 38,158

5,330 6,811 7,978 9,232 10,277

2,165 2,749 3,189 3,444 3,686

3,165 4,062 4,789 5,788 6,591

518 459 685 645 666

437 376 519 507 481

81 83 166 138 185

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

53,885 57,222 59,445 62,095 63,848

11,386 11,896 11,600 11,214 11,330

42,499 45,326 47,845 50,881 52,518

12,164 12,627 14,027 15,110 15,374

3,837 3,865 3,972 4,155 4,060

8,327 8,762 10,055 10,955 11,314

617 578 704 731 821

444 402 454 463 467

173 176 250 268 354

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

63,665 63,660 65,642 65,305 65,331

10,531 10,110 10,247 10,068 9,741

53,134 53,550 55,395 55,237 55,590

16,176 16,212 16,941 17,351 17,442

4,024 3,743 4,138 4,124 4,046

12,152 12,469 12,803 13,227 13,396

868 956 1,093 1,077 1,142

499 527 615 528 546

369 429 478 549 596

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

65,309 63,963 61,614 59,850 58,983

9,629 9,137 8,955 8,878 9,075

55,680 54,826 52,659 50,972 49,908

18,603 18,442 18,774 19,493 20,406

4,355 3,818 4,004 4,197 4,486

14,248 14,624 14,770 15,296 15,920

1,139 1,120 1,188 1,329 1,449

547 518 516 555 635

592 602 672 774 814

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

59,875 62,779 68,434 75,890 81,596

9,619 10,330 11,605 13,377 14,812

50,256 52,449 56,829 62,513 66,784

21,354 23,671 26,190 28,442 31,770

4,423 4,794 5,249 5,813 6,718

16,931 18,877 20,941 22,629 25,052

1,534 1,432 1,451 1,552 1,653

649 576 571 593 647

885 856 880 959 1,006

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

86,087 87,997 86,843 85,214 80,863

15,942 16,440 15,700 15,187 13,342

70,145 71,557 71,143 70,027 67,521

33,920 36,162 39,567 40,707 42,593

7,017 7,536 8,644 9,202 9,500

26,903 28,626 30,923 31,505 33,093

1,651 2,179 1,975 1,920 2,053

655 926 678 721 720

996 1,253 1,297 1,199 1,333

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

75,933 72,887 71,223 73,934

12,514 10,869 10,091 10,017

63,419 62,018 61,132 63,917

43,623 43,560 42,715 44,939

9,711 9,588 9,269 9,670

33,912 33,972 33,446 35,269

2,242 2,913 3,328 4,361

798 991 1,030 1,261

1,444 1,922 2,298 3,100

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Con-

Females

ferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

484 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 287. Degrees in mathematics and statistics conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1949–50.............................. 1959–60.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70..............................

6,382 11,399 23,513 27,442

4,942 8,293 14,782 17,177

1,440 3,106 8,731 10,265

974 1,757 5,527 5,636

784 1,422 4,199 3,966

190 335 1,328 1,670

160 303 947 1,236

151 285 895 1,140

9 18 52 96

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

24,801 23,713 23,067 21,635 18,181

15,369 14,454 13,796 12,791 10,586

9,432 9,259 9,271 8,844 7,595

5,191 5,198 5,028 4,834 4,327

3,673 3,655 3,525 3,337 2,905

1,518 1,543 1,503 1,497 1,422

1,199 1,128 1,068 1,031 975

1,106 1,039 966 931 865

93 89 102 100 110

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

15,984 14,196 12,569 11,806 11,378

9,475 8,303 7,398 6,899 6,562

6,509 5,893 5,171 4,907 4,816

3,857 3,695 3,373 3,036 2,860

2,547 2,396 2,228 1,985 1,828

1,310 1,299 1,145 1,051 1,032

856 823 805 730 724

762 714 681 608 624

94 109 124 122 100

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

11,078 11,599 12,294 13,087 15,009

6,342 6,593 6,888 7,290 8,080

4,736 5,006 5,406 5,797 6,929

2,567 2,727 2,810 2,723 2,859

1,692 1,821 1,838 1,773 1,858

875 906 972 950 1,001

728 681 697 695 699

614 587 581 569 590

114 94 116 126 109

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

16,122 16,257 15,712 15,017 14,276

8,623 8,673 8,408 8,081 7,674

7,499 7,584 7,304 6,936 6,602

3,131 3,283 3,413 3,405 3,624

2,028 1,995 2,052 2,061 2,172

1,103 1,288 1,361 1,344 1,452

742 723 750 866 917

618 598 625 700 754

124 125 125 166 163

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

14,393 14,468 14,384 14,171 13,494

7,580 7,668 7,566 7,594 7,154

6,813 6,800 6,818 6,577 6,340

3,549 3,558 3,644 3,682 3,820

2,096 2,151 2,151 2,237 2,289

1,453 1,407 1,493 1,445 1,531

978 1,048 1,138 1,125 1,181

790 825 867 880 919

188 223 271 245 262

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

12,713 12,401 11,795 11,966 11,418

6,847 6,649 6,247 6,181 5,955

5,866 5,752 5,548 5,785 5,463

3,651 3,504 3,409 3,286 3,208

2,178 2,055 1,985 1,901 1,749

1,473 1,449 1,424 1,385 1,459

1,158 1,134 1,215 1,090 1,075

919 861 903 803 803

239 273 312 287 272

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

11,171 11,950 12,493 13,327

5,791 6,333 6,776 7,203

5,380 5,617 5,717 6,124

3,209 3,350 3,626 4,191

1,857 1,913 2,000 2,302

1,352 1,437 1,626 1,889

997 923 1,007 1,060

715 658 734 762

282 265 273 298

1

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1949–50 and 1959–60; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1967–68 through

1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 485 Degrees

Table 288. Degrees in the physical sciences and science technologies conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1959–60 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1959–60.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70..............................

16,007 19,380 21,439

14,013 16,739 18,522

1,994 2,641 2,917

3,376 5,499 5,908

3,049 4,869 5,069

327 630 839

1,838 3,593 4,271

1,776 3,405 4,038

62 188 233

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

21,410 20,743 20,692 21,170 20,770

18,457 17,661 17,622 17,669 16,986

2,953 3,082 3,070 3,501 3,784

6,336 6,268 6,230 6,019 5,782

5,495 5,390 5,388 5,157 4,949

841 878 842 862 833

4,324 4,075 3,961 3,558 3,577

4,082 3,805 3,698 3,312 3,284

242 270 263 246 293

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

21,458 22,482 22,975 23,197 23,407

17,349 17,985 18,083 17,976 17,861

4,109 4,497 4,892 5,221 5,546

5,428 5,281 5,507 5,418 5,167

4,622 4,411 4,583 4,438 4,210

806 870 924 980 957

3,388 3,295 3,073 3,061 3,044

3,097 2,981 2,763 2,717 2,669

291 314 310 344 375

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

23,936 24,045 23,374 23,645 23,694

18,052 17,861 16,988 17,112 17,065

5,884 6,184 6,386 6,533 6,629

5,246 5,446 5,250 5,541 5,752

4,172 4,274 4,131 4,249 4,425

1,074 1,172 1,119 1,292 1,327

3,105 3,246 3,214 3,269 3,349

2,733 2,804 2,767 2,789 2,808

372 442 447 480 541

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

21,711 20,060 17,797 17,179 16,056

15,750 14,365 12,385 12,071 11,026

5,961 5,695 5,412 5,108 5,030

5,860 5,586 5,696 5,691 5,410

4,443 4,193 4,300 4,180 3,996

1,417 1,393 1,396 1,511 1,414

3,521 3,629 3,758 3,795 4,116

2,946 3,004 3,085 3,046 3,328

575 625 673 749 788

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

16,334 16,948 17,534 18,392 19,161

11,170 11,425 11,819 12,218 12,490

5,164 5,523 5,715 6,174 6,671

5,281 5,340 5,346 5,648 5,716

3,823 3,888 3,803 4,010 3,996

1,458 1,452 1,543 1,638 1,720

4,248 4,344 4,348 4,595 4,421

3,417 3,402 3,404 3,606 3,386

831 942 944 989 1,035

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

19,627 19,496 19,362 18,285 18,331

12,566 12,213 11,924 11,003 10,946

7,061 7,283 7,438 7,282 7,385

5,807 5,526 5,328 5,124 4,810

3,943 3,732 3,417 3,366 3,114

1,864 1,794 1,911 1,758 1,696

4,512 4,417 4,520 4,142 3,963

3,479 3,411 3,387 3,144 2,959

1,033 1,006 1,133 998 1,004

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

17,919 17,799 17,940 17,983

10,553 10,292 10,556 10,476

7,366 7,507 7,384 7,507

5,049 5,012 5,109 5,570

3,212 3,135 3,211 3,364

1,837 1,877 1,898 2,206

3,911 3,760 3,858 3,815

2,875 2,719 2,792 2,753

1,036 1,041 1,066 1,062

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1959–60; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1967–68 through 1985–86; and

Females

1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

486 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees _

Table 289. Degrees in chemistry, geology, and physics conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: 1970–71 through 2003–04 Geology and earth science1

Chemistry

Physics2

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11,061 10,588 10,124 10,430 10,541

2,244 2,229 2,198 2,082 1,961

2,093 1,943 1,827 1,755 1,773

3,312 3,766 4,117 4,526 4,566

1,074 1,233 1,296 1,479 1,340

408 433 430 416 433

5,071 4,634 4,259 3,952 3,706

2,188 2,033 1,747 1,655 1,574

1,482 1,344 1,328 1,115 1,080

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

11,015 11,200 11,304 11,499 11,229

1,745 1,717 1,832 1,724 1,671

1,578 1,522 1,461 1,475 1,500

4,677 5,280 5,648 5,753 5,785

1,384 1,446 1,633 1,616 1,623

445 480 419 414 440

3,544 3,420 3,330 3,337 3,396

1,700 1,319 1,294 1,319 1,192

997 945 873 918 830

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

12,682 11,058 10,789 10,698 10,472

1,862 1,683 1,582 1,632 1,675

1,649 1,682 1,691 1,707 1,735

6,332 6,650 6,981 7,524 7,194

1,702 1,865 1,784 1,747 1,927

404 452 406 408 401

3,441 3,503 3,793 3,907 4,097

1,294 1,318 1,369 1,532 1,523

866 878 873 953 951

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

10,110 9,660 9,043 8,618 8,122

1,712 1,695 1,671 1,742 1,643

1,878 1,932 1,944 1,974 2,135

5,760 3,943 3,204 2,847 2,372

2,036 1,835 1,722 1,609 1,399

395 399 462 492 562

4,180 4,318 4,100 4,352 4,155

1,501 1,543 1,675 1,736 1,831

1,010 1,074 1,093 1,112 1,192

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

8,311 8,629 8,903 9,417 9,706

1,637 1,746 1,822 1,968 2,062

2,196 2,233 2,216 2,298 2,211

2,367 2,784 3,123 3,456 4,032

1,336 1,245 1,195 1,221 1,280

600 549 626 577 539

4,236 4,098 4,063 4,001 3,823

1,725 1,834 1,777 1,945 1,817

1,209 1,337 1,277 1,465 1,424

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

10,395 10,609 10,528 10,068 9,989

2,214 2,203 2,108 2,002 1,857

2,228 2,202 2,291 2,143 2,028

4,019 4,023 3,866 3,544 3,516

1,288 1,258 1,227 1,200 1,186

555 564 588 533 492

3,679 3,376 3,441 3,213 3,342

1,678 1,496 1,371 1,309 1,232

1,462 1,410 1,393 1,252 1,208

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

9,466 9,084 9,006 9,016

1,952 1,823 1,777 2,009

2,056 1,984 2,092 2,033

3,495 3,449 3,381 3,312

1,220 1,174 1,323 1,389

472 494 466 463

3,418 3,627 3,898 4,118

1,365 1,344 1,438 1,625

1,169 1,096 1,089 1,119

Year 1 1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

1Includes

geology; earth science; geochemistry; geophysics; paleontology; hydrology; oceanography; and geological and earth sciences, other. 2 Includes physics, general; atomic/molecular physics; elementary particle physics; nuclear physics; optics; acoustics; theoretical physics; and physics, other. 3 Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

Doctor’s

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 487 Degrees _

Table 290. Degrees in psychology conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1949–50.............................. 1959–60.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70..............................

9,569 8,061 23,819 33,679

6,055 4,773 13,792 19,077

3,514 3,288 10,027 14,602

1,316 1,406 3,479 5,158

948 981 2,321 2,975

368 425 1,158 2,183

283 641 1,268 1,962

241 544 982 1,505

42 97 286 457

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

38,187 43,433 47,940 52,139 51,245

21,227 23,352 25,117 25,868 24,284

16,960 20,081 22,823 26,271 26,961

5,717 6,764 7,619 8,796 9,394

3,395 3,934 4,325 4,983 5,035

2,322 2,830 3,294 3,813 4,359

2,144 2,277 2,550 2,872 2,913

1,629 1,694 1,797 1,987 1,979

515 583 753 885 934

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

50,278 47,861 44,879 42,697 42,093

22,898 20,627 18,422 16,540 15,440

27,380 27,234 26,457 26,157 26,653

10,167 10,859 10,282 10,132 9,938

5,136 5,293 4,670 4,405 4,096

5,031 5,566 5,612 5,727 5,842

3,157 3,386 3,164 3,228 3,395

2,115 2,127 1,974 1,895 1,921

1,042 1,259 1,190 1,333 1,474

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

41,068 41,212 40,460 39,955 39,900

14,332 13,645 13,131 12,812 12,706

26,736 27,567 27,329 27,143 27,194

10,223 9,947 9,981 9,525 9,891

4,066 3,823 3,647 3,400 3,452

6,157 6,124 6,334 6,125 6,439

3,576 3,461 3,602 3,535 3,447

2,002 1,856 1,838 1,774 1,739

1,574 1,605 1,764 1,761 1,708

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

40,628 43,152 45,371 49,083 53,952

12,605 13,395 13,579 14,265 15,336

28,023 29,757 31,792 34,818 38,616

9,845 11,000 10,488 11,329 10,730

3,347 3,516 3,256 3,465 3,377

6,498 7,484 7,232 7,864 7,353

3,593 4,062 3,973 4,143 3,811

1,724 1,801 1,783 1,773 1,566

1,869 2,261 2,190 2,370 2,245

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

58,655 63,683 66,931 69,419 72,233

16,067 17,062 17,942 18,668 19,570

42,588 46,621 48,989 50,751 52,663

11,349 11,659 12,518 13,723 15,378

3,329 3,335 3,380 3,763 4,210

8,020 8,324 9,138 9,960 11,168

3,932 3,814 4,100 4,021 4,252

1,520 1,490 1,570 1,497 1,562

2,412 2,324 2,530 2,524 2,690

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

73,416 74,308 74,107 73,636 74,194

19,836 19,408 18,976 18,304 17,451

53,580 54,900 55,131 55,332 56,743

15,152 15,769 15,142 15,688 15,740

4,090 4,155 3,978 3,990 3,821

11,062 11,614 11,164 11,698 11,919

4,141 4,507 4,541 4,695 4,731

1,380 1,495 1,470 1,510 1,529

2,761 3,012 3,071 3,185 3,202

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

73,645 76,775 78,613 82,098

16,585 17,284 17,504 18,193

57,060 59,491 61,109 63,905

16,539 16,357 17,123 17,898

3,892 3,814 3,827 3,789

12,647 12,543 13,296 14,109

5,091 4,759 4,831 4,827

1,598 1,503 1,481 1,496

3,493 3,256 3,350 3,331

1

1Data

were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1949–50 and 1959–60; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1967–68 through

Females

1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

488 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees _

Table 291. Degrees in public administration and social services conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

5,466 7,508 10,690 11,966 13,661

1,726 2,588 3,998 4,266 4,630

3,740 4,920 6,692 7,700 9,031

7,785 8,756 10,068 11,415 13,617

3,893 4,537 5,271 6,028 7,200

3,892 4,219 4,797 5,387 6,417

174 193 198 201 257

132 150 160 154 192

42 43 38 47 65

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

15,440 16,136 16,607 17,328 16,644

5,706 5,544 5,096 4,938 4,451

9,734 10,592 11,511 12,390 12,193

15,209 17,026 17,337 17,306 17,560

7,969 8,810 8,513 8,051 7,866

7,240 8,216 8,824 9,255 9,694

292 292 357 315 342

192 197 237 215 216

100 95 120 100 126

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

16,707 16,495 14,414 12,570 11,754

4,248 4,176 3,343 2,998 2,829

12,459 12,319 11,071 9,572 8,925

17,803 17,416 16,046 15,060 15,575

7,460 6,975 5,961 5,634 5,573

10,343 10,441 10,085 9,426 10,002

362 372 347 420 431

212 205 184 230 213

150 167 163 190 218

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

11,887 12,328 12,385 13,162 13,908

2,966 2,993 2,923 3,214 3,334

8,921 9,335 9,462 9,948 10,574

15,692 16,432 16,424 17,020 17,399

5,594 5,673 5,631 5,615 5,634

10,098 10,759 10,793 11,405 11,765

382 398 470 428 508

171 216 238 210 235

211 182 232 218 273

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

14,350 15,987 16,775 17,815 18,586

3,215 3,479 3,801 3,919 3,935

11,135 12,508 12,974 13,896 14,651

17,905 19,243 20,634 21,833 23,501

5,679 5,769 6,105 6,406 6,870

12,226 13,474 14,529 15,427 16,631

430 432 459 519 556

190 204 215 238 274

240 228 244 281 282

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

19,849 20,649 20,408 20,287 20,185

4,205 4,177 3,881 3,791 3,816

15,644 16,472 16,527 16,496 16,369

24,229 24,781 25,144 24,925 25,594

6,927 6,957 7,025 6,556 6,808

17,302 17,824 18,119 18,369 18,786

499 518 499 532 537

220 243 223 239 227

279 275 276 293 310

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

19,447 19,392 19,878 20,552

3,670 3,706 3,724 3,793

15,777 15,686 16,154 16,759

25,268 25,448 25,894 28,250

6,544 6,505 6,391 7,001

18,724 18,943 19,503 21,249

574 571 596 649

263 250 262 275

311 321 334 374

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Con-

Females

ferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 489 Degrees _

Table 292. Degrees in the social sciences and history conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

155,324 158,060 155,970 150,320 135,190

98,173 100,895 99,735 95,650 84,826

57,151 57,165 56,235 54,670 50,364

16,539 17,445 17,477 17,293 16,977

11,833 12,540 12,605 12,321 11,875

4,706 4,905 4,872 4,972 5,102

3,660 4,081 4,234 4,124 4,212

3,153 3,483 3,573 3,383 3,334

507 598 661 741 878

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

126,396 117,040 112,952 108,059 103,662

78,691 71,128 67,217 62,852 58,511

47,705 45,912 45,735 45,207 45,151

15,953 15,533 14,718 12,963 12,176

10,918 10,413 9,845 8,395 7,794

5,035 5,120 4,873 4,568 4,382

4,157 3,802 3,594 3,371 3,230

3,262 2,957 2,722 2,501 2,357

895 845 872 870 873

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

100,513 99,705 95,228 93,323 91,570

56,131 55,196 52,771 52,154 51,226

44,382 44,509 42,457 41,169 40,344

11,945 12,002 11,205 10,577 10,503

7,457 7,468 6,974 6,551 6,475

4,488 4,534 4,231 4,026 4,028

3,122 3,061 2,931 2,911 2,851

2,274 2,237 2,042 2,030 1,933

848 824 889 881 918

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

93,840 96,342 100,460 108,151 118,083

52,724 53,949 56,377 60,121 65,887

41,116 42,393 44,083 48,030 52,196

10,564 10,506 10,412 11,023 11,634

6,419 6,373 6,310 6,599 6,898

4,145 4,133 4,102 4,424 4,736

2,955 2,916 2,781 2,885 3,010

1,970 2,026 1,849 1,949 2,019

985 890 932 936 991

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

125,107 133,974 135,703 133,680 128,154

68,701 73,001 73,589 72,006 68,139

56,406 60,973 62,114 61,674 60,015

12,233 12,702 13,471 14,561 14,845

7,016 7,237 7,671 8,152 8,207

5,217 5,465 5,800 6,409 6,638

3,012 3,218 3,460 3,627 3,725

1,956 2,126 2,203 2,317 2,319

1,056 1,092 1,257 1,310 1,406

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

126,479 124,891 125,040 124,658 127,101

65,872 64,115 63,537 61,736 62,062

60,607 60,776 61,503 62,922 65,039

15,012 14,787 14,938 14,431 14,066

8,093 7,830 7,960 7,456 7,024

6,919 6,957 6,978 6,975 7,042

3,760 3,989 4,127 3,855 4,095

2,339 2,479 2,445 2,270 2,407

1,421 1,510 1,682 1,585 1,688

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

128,036 132,874 143,218 150,357

61,749 64,170 69,498 73,834

66,287 68,704 73,720 76,523

13,791 14,112 14,634 16,110

6,816 6,941 7,202 7,810

6,975 7,171 7,432 8,300

3,930 3,902 3,850 3,811

2,302 2,219 2,196 2,188

1,628 1,683 1,654 1,623

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Con-

Females

ferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

490 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 293. Degrees in economics, history, political science and government, and sociology conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree: Selected years, 1949–50 through 2003–04 Economics Year

History

Political science and government

Sociology

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

Doctor’s

Bachelor’s

Master’s

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

1949–50.............................. 1951–52.............................. 1953–54.............................. 1955–56.............................. 1957–58..............................

14,568 8,593 6,719 6,555 7,457

921 695 609 581 669

200 239 245 232 239

13,542 10,187 9,363 10,510 12,840

1,801 1,445 1,220 1,114 1,397

275 317 355 259 297

6,336 4,911 5,314 5,633 6,116

710 525 534 509 665

127 147 153 203 170

7,870 6,648 5,692 5,878 6,568

552 517 440 402 397

98 141 184 170 150

1959–60.............................. 1961–62.............................. 1963–64.............................. 1965–66.............................. 1967–68..............................

7,453 8,366 10,583 11,555 15,193

708 853 1,104 1,522 1,916

237 268 385 458 600

14,737 17,340 23,668 28,612 35,291

1,794 2,163 2,705 3,883 4,845

342 343 507 599 688

6,596 8,326 12,126 15,242 20,387

722 839 1,163 1,429 1,937

201 214 263 336 457

7,147 8,120 10,943 15,038 21,710

440 578 646 981 1,193

161 173 198 244 367

1969–70.............................. 1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74..............................

17,197 15,758 15,231 14,770 14,285

1,988 1,995 2,224 2,225 2,141

794 721 794 845 788

43,386 44,663 43,695 40,943 37,049

5,049 5,157 5,217 5,030 4,533

1,038 991 1,133 1,140 1,114

25,713 27,482 28,135 30,100 30,744

2,105 2,318 2,451 2,398 2,448

525 700 758 747 766

30,436 33,263 35,216 35,436 35,491

1,813 1,808 1,944 1,923 2,196

534 574 636 583 632

1974–75.............................. 1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79..............................

14,046 14,741 15,296 15,661 16,409

2,127 2,087 2,158 1,995 1,955

815 763 758 706 712

31,470 28,400 25,433 23,004 21,019

4,226 3,658 3,393 3,033 2,536

1,117 1,014 921 813 756

29,126 28,302 26,411 26,069 25,628

2,333 2,191 2,222 2,069 2,037

680 723 641 636 563

31,488 27,634 24,713 22,750 20,285

2,112 2,009 1,830 1,611 1,415

693 729 714 599 612

1979–80.............................. 1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84..............................

17,863 18,753 19,876 20,517 20,719

1,821 1,911 1,964 1,972 1,891

677 727 677 734 729

19,301 18,301 17,146 16,467 16,643

2,367 2,237 2,210 2,041 1,940

712 643 636 575 561

25,457 24,977 25,658 25,791 25,719

1,938 1,875 1,954 1,829 1,769

535 484 513 435 457

18,881 17,272 16,042 14,105 13,145

1,341 1,240 1,145 1,112 1,008

583 610 558 522 520

1984–85.............................. 1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

20,711 21,602 22,378 22,911 23,454 23,923

1,992 1,937 1,855 1,847 1,886 1,950

749 789 750 770 827 806

16,049 16,415 16,997 18,207 20,159 22,476

1,921 1,961 2,021 2,093 2,121 2,369

468 497 534 517 487 570

25,834 26,439 26,817 27,207 30,450 33,560

1,500 1,704 1,618 1,579 1,598 1,580

441 439 435 391 452 480

11,968 12,271 12,239 13,024 14,435 16,035

1,022 965 950 984 1,135 1,198

480 504 451 452 451 432

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

23,488 23,423 21,321 19,496 17,673

1,951 2,106 2,292 2,521 2,400

802 866 879 869 910

24,541 26,966 27,774 27,503 26,598

2,591 2,754 2,952 3,009 3,091

606 644 690 752 816

35,737 37,805 37,931 36,097 33,013

1,772 1,908 1,943 2,147 2,019

468 535 529 616 637

17,550 19,568 20,896 22,368 22,886

1,260 1,347 1,521 1,639 1,748

465 501 536 530 546

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

16,674 16,539 17,074 17,611 18,441

2,533 2,433 2,435 2,323 2,168

916 968 928 810 851

26,005 25,214 25,726 24,794 25,247

2,898 2,901 2,895 2,633 2,573

805 873 937 921 984

30,775 28,969 28,044 27,418 27,635

2,024 1,909 1,957 1,681 1,627

634 686 705 696 693

24,071 24,672 24,806 24,933 25,598

1,772 1,731 1,737 1,943 1,996

527 591 596 515 595

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

19,437 20,927 23,007 24,069

2,139 2,330 2,582 2,824

851 826 836 849

25,090 26,001 27,730 29,808

2,365 2,420 2,525 2,522

931 924 861 855

27,792 29,354 33,204 35,581

1,596 1,641 1,664 1,869

688 625 671 618

25,268 25,202 26,089 26,939

1,845 1,928 1,897 2,009

546 534 591 558

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Earned Degrees Conferred, 1949–50 through 1963–64; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1965–66

Doctor’s

through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 491 Degrees

Table 294. Degrees in visual and performing arts conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and sex of student: 1970–71 through 2003–04 Bachelor’s degrees Year

Master’s degrees

Doctor’s degrees

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

Females

Total

Males

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

30,394 33,831 36,017 39,730 40,782

12,256 13,580 14,267 15,821 15,532

18,138 20,251 21,750 23,909 25,250

6,675 7,537 7,254 8,001 8,362

3,510 4,049 4,005 4,325 4,448

3,165 3,488 3,249 3,676 3,914

621 572 616 585 649

483 428 449 440 446

138 144 167 145 203

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

42,138 41,793 40,951 40,969 40,892

16,491 16,166 15,572 15,380 15,065

25,647 25,627 25,379 25,589 25,827

8,817 8,636 9,036 8,524 8,708

4,507 4,211 4,327 3,933 4,067

4,310 4,425 4,709 4,591 4,641

620 662 708 700 655

447 447 448 454 413

173 215 260 246 242

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

40,479 40,422 39,804 40,131 38,285

14,798 14,819 14,695 15,089 14,518

25,681 25,603 25,109 25,042 23,767

8,629 8,746 8,763 8,526 8,720

4,056 3,866 4,013 3,897 3,896

4,573 4,880 4,750 4,629 4,824

654 670 692 730 696

396 380 404 406 407

258 290 288 324 289

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

37,241 36,873 37,150 38,420 39,934

14,236 13,980 14,225 14,698 15,189

23,005 22,893 22,925 23,722 24,745

8,420 8,508 7,939 8,267 8,481

3,775 3,756 3,442 3,611 3,706

4,645 4,752 4,497 4,656 4,775

722 793 727 753 849

396 447 424 446 472

326 346 303 307 377

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

42,186 46,522 47,761 49,053 48,690

15,761 17,616 18,610 19,538 19,781

26,425 28,906 29,151 29,515 28,909

8,657 9,353 9,440 9,925 10,277

3,830 4,078 4,099 4,229 4,374

4,827 5,275 5,341 5,696 5,903

838 906 882 1,054 1,080

466 504 478 585 545

372 402 404 469 535

1995–96.............................. 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–991 ............................ 1999–2000..........................

49,296 50,083 52,077 54,404 58,791

20,126 20,729 21,483 22,281 24,003

29,170 29,354 30,594 32,123 34,788

10,280 10,627 11,145 10,753 10,918

4,361 4,470 4,596 4,543 4,672

5,919 6,157 6,549 6,210 6,246

1,067 1,060 1,163 1,130 1,127

524 525 566 574 537

543 535 597 556 590

2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03.............................. 2003–04..............................

61,148 66,773 71,474 77,181

24,967 27,130 27,916 30,037

36,181 39,643 43,558 47,144

11,404 11,595 11,986 12,906

4,788 4,912 4,975 5,531

6,616 6,683 7,011 7,375

1,167 1,114 1,293 1,282

568 490 613 572

599 624 680 710

1

1

Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1970–71 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 2003–04 Integrated

Females

Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

492 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 295. Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees, by field of study and selected characteristics: 2002–03 Field of study Physical sciences1

Selected characteristic 1

All fields

Education Engineering

Humanities

Life sciences

Business and Total Mathematics management

Social sciences and psychology

Other professional fields

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Doctor’s degrees conferred, total.................

40,707

6,627

5,265

5,412

8,369

5,963

994

1,035

6,777

1,259

Sex (percent) Male ..................................................................... Female .................................................................

54.7 45.3

33.9 66.1

82.9 17.1

49.2 50.8

51.7 48.3

73.3 26.7

73.4 26.6

65.8 34.2

44.6 55.4

46.2 53.8

Racial/ethnic group (percent)2 White, non-Hispanic............................................. Black, non-Hispanic ............................................. Hispanic ............................................................... Asian3 .................................................................. American Indian/Alaska Native............................

80.0 6.7 5.3 7.5 0.5

76.3 14.0 6.2 2.8 0.7

74.7 3.6 4.9 16.3 0.5

84.6 3.9 6.3 4.7 0.4

80.1 3.7 4.4 11.4 0.3

82.6 3.3 3.6 10.3 0.2

82.7 3.3 3.3 10.4 0.4

75.3 10.8 5.1 8.6 0.2

81.4 6.6 6.0 5.3 0.7

75.9 12.2 3.6 7.0 1.3

Citizenship (percent) United States ....................................................... Non-U.S., permanent visa.................................... Non-U.S., temporary visa..................................... Unknown ..............................................................

64.9 4.0 26.0 5.1

83.0 2.0 8.8 6.2

36.0 5.0 55.3 3.7

76.3 4.8 14.4 4.5

64.9 4.4 26.2 4.6

52.7 4.9 38.1 4.3

47.3 4.6 44.3 3.8

53.7 5.3 34.3 6.7

73.0 3.1 17.7 6.2

64.3 4.2 23.3 8.2

Median age at doctorate (years)..............................

33.3

43.5

31.4

34.6

31.8

30.6

30.3

36.6

33.1

38.2

Percent with bachelor’s degree in same field as doctorate............................................................

52.4

31.0

74.4

60.2

47.8

65.3

71.2

32.2

52.2

28.4

Median time lapse from bachelor’s to doctorate (years) Total time.............................................................. Registered time....................................................

10.1 7.5

18.2 8.3

8.6 6.9

11.3 9.0

8.8 7.0

7.9 6.8

7.9 6.8

12.7 7.9

10.0 7.8

14.4 8.8

Postdoctoral plans (percent) Postdoctoral study plans...................................... Fellowship ........................................................ Research associateship................................... Traineeship....................................................... Other ................................................................ Postdoctoral employment..................................... Educational institution4 .................................... Industry, business ............................................ Government ..................................................... Nonprofit organization...................................... Other and unknown.......................................... Postdoctoral plans unknown ................................

29.2 15.4 10.6 1.1 2.1 60.6 36.6 13.1 4.4 3.3 3.2 10.3

6.4 2.5 2.1 0.4 1.4 79.5 65.4 4.3 3.4 3.6 2.8 14.1

30.2 10.2 17.6 1.1 1.3 61.6 16.5 35.5 6.2 1.1 2.3 8.3

10.4 6.5 1.2 0.5 2.3 79.9 62.9 5.9 1.2 4.5 5.4 9.7

56.4 33.1 16.6 2.4 4.3 35.7 17.3 9.1 4.6 2.6 2.2 7.9

46.4 20.9 23.6 0.7 1.1 45.4 18.3 19.8 4.1 1.0 2.3 8.2

39.6 23.2 14.1 1.3 1.0 52.8 33.4 12.6 3.1 0.8 2.9 7.5

4.5 1.6 1.8 0.1 1.0 79.7 65.1 10.5 2.2 0.8 1.1 15.7

24.5 16.8 4.9 1.3 1.5 63.6 35.8 10.5 6.7 6.0 4.6 11.8

8.8 3.4 3.5 0.7 1.2 77.9 52.8 8.2 5.3 8.2 3.4 13.3

Primary postdoctoral activity (percent)5,6 Research and development ................................. Teaching............................................................... Administration ...................................................... Professional services........................................... Other....................................................................

29.8 41.2 13.3 11.9 3.8

6.3 40.8 39.9 10.7 2.3

65.3 17.2 2.6 10.1 4.8

8.0 77.0 5.5 4.8 4.7

40.9 32.9 6.8 15.0 4.4

57.6 29.1 2.3 7.1 3.9

37.8 53.0 1.1 6.1 1.9

41.3 44.5 5.7 5.4 3.1

32.2 35.0 6.3 22.6 3.9

15.3 53.0 13.9 14.0 3.9

Region of employment after doctorate (percent) New England........................................................ Middle Atlantic ..................................................... East North Central ............................................... West North Central .............................................. South Atlantic....................................................... East South Central............................................... West South Central.............................................. Mountain .............................................................. Pacific and insular................................................ Foreign................................................................. Region unknown ..................................................

6.3 13.7 13.0 6.0 17.6 4.6 8.5 5.7 13.2 11.0 0.2

5.1 12.0 14.7 8.2 21.8 6.8 9.4 6.7 9.4 5.6 0.2

5.4 11.9 11.1 3.2 12.4 2.9 8.4 7.2 18.8 18.3 0.4

7.7 16.9 13.5 6.8 15.5 5.5 8.2 4.8 13.3 7.5 0.2

6.4 10.3 11.3 6.4 17.1 4.8 8.3 6.1 12.3 16.8 0.1

7.2 16.5 12.1 4.7 16.3 2.9 9.3 5.3 16.6 8.9 0.3

7.0 16.2 14.8 4.9 17.0 3.8 8.1 3.8 12.1 12.1 0.3

7.3 14.0 15.1 5.1 14.7 4.4 9.1 6.7 10.3 13.0 0.3

6.6 14.8 12.1 5.3 19.4 3.1 7.2 4.6 14.0 12.7 0.2

4.9 12.8 15.2 5.8 17.1 5.2 9.3 4.0 11.5 13.9 0.3

1

Includes mathematics, computer science, physics and astronomy, chemistry, and earth, atmospheric, and marine sciences. 2Distribution by race/ethnicity based on U.S. citizens and those with permanent visas only. 3 Does not include Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders. 4Includes 2-year, 4-year, and foreign colleges and universities, medical schools, and elementary/secondary schools. 5Includes only recipients with definite employment plans. 6Percentages are based on only those doctorate recipients who indicated their primary work activity. NOTE: The above classification of degrees by field differs somewhat from that in most publications of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The major differences are

that history is included under humanities rather than social sciences and that psychology is included under social sciences. Includes Ph.D., Ed.D., and comparable degrees at the doctoral level. Excludes first-professional degrees, such as M.D., D.D.S., and D.V.M. The number of degrees also differs slightly from that reported in the NCES “Completions” survey. The above tabulation excludes some nonresearch doctoral degrees such as doctor’s degrees in theology. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: Doctorate Recipients From United States Universities, 2003, Survey of Earned Doctorates, National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Education, National Endowment for the Humanities, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (This table was prepared May 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 493 Degrees _

Table 296. Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in education: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03 Selected characteristic 1

1979–80 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99

1999– 2000 2000–01 2001–02

2002–03

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Number of degrees........................

7,576

6,510

6,454

6,677

6,689

6,708

6,649

6,772

6,497

6,559

6,557

6,420

6,324

6,488

6,627

Sex (percent) Male ........................................... Female .......................................

55.5 44.5

42.4 57.6

41.9 58.1

40.5 59.5

41.3 58.7

39.1 60.9

38.4 61.6

38.3 61.7

36.7 63.3

37.0 63.0

35.8 64.2

35.1 64.9

35.4 64.6

33.8 66.2

33.9 66.1

Racial/ethnic group (percent)1 White, non-Hispanic................... Black, non-Hispanic ................... Hispanic ..................................... Asian2 ........................................ American Indian/Alaska Native..

86.3 9.1 2.4 1.3 0.8

86.0 8.2 3.3 1.8 0.6

85.6 7.9 3.3 2.2 1.0

84.8 8.4 3.5 2.4 0.8

83.7 9.4 3.7 2.4 0.8

83.9 8.6 4.0 2.9 0.6

81.6 10.4 4.4 3.0 0.7

82.2 10.1 3.6 3.1 1.0

81.1 10.2 4.6 3.2 0.9

79.1 11.6 5.1 3.2 0.9

79.3 11.7 4.8 3.1 1.1

78.3 12.6 5.1 3.1 0.9

78.8 12.6 5.1 2.7 0.8

77.2 13.0 6.2 2.6 0.9

76.3 14.0 6.2 2.8 0.7

Citizenship (percent) United States ............................. Foreign....................................... Unknown ....................................

88.7 8.2 3.1

84.4 9.7 5.8

84.8 10.2 5.0

86.8 10.7 2.4

86.4 10.8 2.7

87.4 11.0 1.6

86.8 11.0 2.3

86.6 9.9 3.4

82.6 8.2 9.3

84.3 9.1 6.6

82.8 10.6 6.5

86.2 10.3 3.5

84.0 9.7 6.2

81.2 9.0 9.8

83.0 10.8 6.2

Median age at doctorate (years)....

37.0

41.6

42.1

42.7

43.0

43.6

43.8

44.3

44.0

44.3

44.3

44.4

43.8

44.2

43.5

Percent with bachelor’s degree in same field as doctorate ...........

39.0

37.5

39.3

38.7

37.4

36.9

37.0

36.1

34.1

35.0

34.8

33.7

33.2

30.6

31.0

Median time lapse from bachelor’s to doctorate (years) Total time.................................... Registered time..........................

13.1 6.9

17.9 8.1

18.4 8.1

18.9 8.2

19.2 8.2

19.7 8.1

19.9 8.2

20.2 8.2

20.0 8.4

20.0 8.4

19.9 8.2

19.4 8.1

19.0 8.3

19.0 8.5

18.2 8.3

1Distribution 2

by race/ethnicity based on U.S. citizens and those with permanent visas only. Does not include Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders. NOTE: Longitudinal comparisons by race/ethnicity should be done with extreme care, due to periodic changes in the survey. In particular, large numbers of Asians converted from temporary visas to permanent visas in the mid-1990s. The classification of degrees by field used in this survey differs somewhat from that in most publications of the National Center for Educa-

tion Statistics (NCES). The total number of degrees also differs slightly from that reported in the NCES “Completions” survey. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: Doctorate Recipients From United States Universities, 2003, Survey of Earned Doctorates, National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Education, National Endowment for the Humanities, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

_

Table 297. Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in engineering: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03 Selected characteristic 1

1979–80 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99

1999– 2000 2000–01 2001–02

2002–03

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Number of degrees........................

2,479

4,894

5,214

5,438

5,698

5,822

6,008

6,305

6,052

5,919

5,337

5,330

5,502

5,073

5,265

Sex (percent) Male ........................................... Female .......................................

96.4 3.6

91.5 8.5

91.3 8.7

90.7 9.3

90.9 9.1

89.1 10.9

88.4 11.6

87.7 12.3

87.6 12.4

86.9 13.1

85.1 14.9

84.2 15.8

83.1 16.9

82.5 17.5

82.9 17.1

Racial/ethnic group (percent)1 White, non-Hispanic................... Black, non-Hispanic ................... Hispanic ..................................... Asian2 ........................................ American Indian/Alaska Native..

77.8 1.2 1.9 18.9 0.2

80.4 1.8 2.4 15.3 0.2

77.4 2.4 2.6 17.4 0.3

76.5 1.9 3.0 18.2 0.4

75.9 1.9 2.4 19.7 0.1

67.0 1.8 2.2 28.8 0.2

63.7 2.2 2.4 31.5 0.3

67.6 2.2 2.9 26.8 0.4

71.5 3.1 2.8 22.3 0.4

73.9 2.9 3.8 19.0 0.4

74.9 3.4 2.9 18.4 0.4

75.2 3.3 3.2 17.9 0.3

74.2 3.9 3.9 17.7 0.3

71.1 4.2 4.6 19.7 0.3

74.7 3.6 4.9 16.3 0.5

Citizenship (percent) United States ............................. Foreign....................................... Unknown ....................................

50.6 46.3 3.1

39.4 52.5 8.1

37.9 54.7 7.3

38.7 57.8 3.5

39.1 57.1 3.9

38.0 60.0 2.1

39.7 57.9 2.5

41.1 55.7 3.3

44.3 49.5 6.2

43.0 48.5 8.5

46.4 48.6 5.1

41.4 52.5 6.2

38.9 55.8 5.4

37.3 57.4 5.3

36.0 60.3 3.7

Median age at doctorate (years)....

30.3

31.2

31.4

31.5

31.6

31.7

31.7

31.7

31.3

31.6

31.4

31.4

31.2

31.4

31.4

Percent with bachelor’s degree in same field as doctorate ...........

75.2

76.9

79.0

81.8

80.1

80.4

79.1

80.2

75.9

71.0

71.2

74.0

74.6

74.1

74.4

Median time lapse from bachelor’s to doctorate (years) Total time.................................... Registered time..........................

7.6 5.6

8.2 6.0

8.5 6.1

8.7 6.2

8.8 6.3

9.0 6.4

9.1 6.4

9.0 6.4

8.7 6.5

8.9 6.7

8.7 6.6

8.7 6.8

8.4 6.7

8.6 6.7

8.6 6.9

1Distribution by race/ethnicity based on U.S. citizens and those 2Does not include Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders.

with permanent visas only.

NOTE: Longitudinal comparisons by race/ethnicity should be done with extreme care, due to periodic changes in the survey. In particular, large numbers of Asians converted from temporary visas to permanent visas in the mid-1990s. The classification of degrees by field used in this survey differs somewhat from that in most publications of the National Center for Educa-

tion Statistics (NCES). The total number of degrees also differs slightly from that reported in the NCES “Completions” survey. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: Doctorate Recipients From United States Universities, 2003, Survey of Earned Doctorates, National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Education, National Endowment for the Humanities, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

494 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 298. Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in the humanities: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03 Selected characteristic 1

1979–80 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99

1999– 2000 2000–01 2001–02

2002–03

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Number of degrees........................

3,863

3,822

4,099

4,444

4,482

4,744

5,061

5,116

5,387

5,499

5,468

5,634

5,589

5,373

5,412

Sex (percent) Male ........................................... Female .......................................

60.4 39.6

54.4 45.6

53.5 46.5

53.7 46.3

52.5 47.5

52.3 47.7

51.7 48.3

50.3 49.7

51.9 48.1

51.3 48.7

51.1 48.9

49.7 50.3

49.4 50.6

49.6 50.4

49.2 50.8

Racial/ethnic group (percent)1 White, non-Hispanic................... Black, non-Hispanic ................... Hispanic ..................................... Asian2 ........................................ American Indian/Alaska Native..

91.6 3.0 3.0 2.0 0.3

90.9 2.3 4.2 2.4 0.3

89.9 3.0 4.3 2.5 0.3

89.9 2.7 3.9 3.0 0.5

88.9 3.0 4.2 3.6 0.3

87.5 2.9 4.4 4.6 0.6

87.8 2.9 3.8 5.1 0.4

87.0 3.1 4.3 5.1 0.5

86.4 3.6 4.5 4.9 0.5

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

85.8 4.2 4.7 4.8 0.6

86.5 3.8 4.8 4.4 0.5

85.6 4.2 5.3 4.4 0.5

85.0 4.1 6.0 4.3 0.5

84.6 3.9 6.3 4.7 0.4

Citizenship (percent) United States ............................. Foreign....................................... Unknown ....................................

87.3 8.8 3.9

78.3 15.2 6.5

77.0 18.3 4.7

77.7 19.2 3.2

78.3 18.7 3.0

78.3 19.9 1.8

78.6 19.4 1.9

77.4 19.6 3.0

76.5 16.1 7.4

77.1 15.9 7.0

78.0 17.4 4.6

78.5 17.6 3.9

78.4 17.1 4.5

77.0 17.8 5.2

76.3 19.2 4.5

Median age at doctorate (years)....

33.4

35.7

35.8

35.6

35.6

35.7

35.4

35.2

35.2

35.1

35.1

34.8

35.0

34.7

34.6

Percent with bachelor’s degree in same field as doctorate ...........

64.2

57.1

57.7

56.5

56.4

57.4

56.6

55.8

46.1

46.9

48.2

47.9

55.1

61.2

60.2

Median time lapse from bachelor’s to doctorate (years) Total time.................................... Registered time..........................

10.6 7.7

12.2 8.3

12.3 8.4

12.0 8.3

11.9 8.3

12.0 8.5

12.0 8.4

11.8 8.3

11.7 8.6

11.6 8.7

11.7 8.9

11.4 8.8

11.5 9.0

11.5 9.0

11.3 9.0

1Distribution 2

by race/ethnicity based on U.S. citizens and those with permanent visas only. Does not include Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders. NOTE: Longitudinal comparisons by race/ethnicity should be done with extreme care, due to periodic changes in the survey. In particular, large numbers of Asians converted from temporary visas to permanent visas in the mid-1990s. The classification of degrees by field used in this survey differs somewhat from that in most publications of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The major differences are that history is included under humanities rather than social sciences and that psychology is included under social sciences. Includes American studies, archeology, art history, classics, comparative literature,

history, English language and literature, foreign languages and literatures, letters, linguistics, music, philosophy, religion, speech and rhetorical studies, and theatre. The total number of degrees also differs slightly from that reported in the NCES “Completions” survey. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: Doctorate Recipients From United States Universities, 2003, Survey of Earned Doctorates, National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Education, National Endowment for the Humanities, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

_

Table 299. Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in the life sciences: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03 Selected characteristic 1

1979–80 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99

1999– 2000 2000–01 2001–02

2002–03

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Number of degrees........................

5,325

6,605

6,933

7,115

7,395

7,739

7,918

8,255

8,213

8,540

8,126

8,529

8,296

8,350

8,369

Sex (percent) Male ........................................... Female .......................................

74.8 25.2

62.6 37.4

61.4 41.7

60.7 39.3

58.3 41.7

58.4 41.6

57.9 42.1

56.5 43.5

55.0 45.0

54.5 45.5

55.3 44.7

53.1 46.9

52.8 47.2

52.3 47.7

51.7 48.3

Racial/ethnic group (percent)1 White, non-Hispanic................... Black, non-Hispanic ................... Hispanic ..................................... Asian2 ........................................ American Indian/Alaska Native..

91.8 1.6 1.1 5.3 0.2

89.6 1.9 2.7 5.6 0.2

88.0 2.4 2.6 6.6 0.4

87.3 2.3 2.8 7.1 0.4

85.1 2.9 3.0 8.7 0.3

78.2 2.6 3.2 15.7 0.4

74.9 3.1 3.0 18.5 0.5

75.5 2.9 3.1 17.9 0.5

77.5 3.4 3.5 15.3 0.3

78.5 3.3 4.1 13.6 0.4

78.5 3.6 4.0 13.4 0.5

80.1 3.8 4.0 11.7 0.4

80.4 3.8 3.7 11.7 0.4

79.8 3.7 4.1 12.1 0.3

80.1 3.7 4.4 11.4 0.3

Citizenship (percent) United States ............................. Foreign....................................... Unknown ....................................

80.4 17.6 2.0

68.0 26.3 5.6

66.8 29.1 4.0

65.7 31.8 2.5

65.3 32.6 2.2

64.0 34.9 1.1

63.1 35.2 1.7

60.7 37.0 2.2

62.0 31.7 6.3

61.9 31.4 6.7

63.0 33.4 3.6

64.6 31.6 3.9

65.0 29.6 5.4

63.8 29.9 6.3

64.9 30.6 4.6

Median age at doctorate (years)....

30.0

32.3

32.4

32.7

32.5

32.7

32.4

32.5

32.3

32.3

32.1

32.1

31.8

31.9

31.8

Percent with bachelor’s degree in same field as doctorate ...........

40.9

53.8

54.1

53.5

51.9

51.0

50.8

49.2

46.9

48.9

47.0

49.3

47.3

47.4

47.8

Median time lapse from bachelor’s to doctorate (years) Total time.................................... Registered time..........................

7.3 5.8

9.1 6.7

9.1 6.7

9.4 6.7

9.4 6.8

9.5 7.0

9.5 7.0

9.6 7.0

9.2 7.0

9.1 7.0

9.0 7.0

9.0 7.0

9.0 7.0

8.9 7.0

8.8 7.0

1 Distribution by race/ethnicity based on U.S. citizens and those 2Does not include Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders.

with permanent visas only.

NOTE: Longitudinal comparisons by race/ethnicity should be done with extreme care, due to periodic changes in the survey. In particular, large numbers of Asians converted from temporary visas to permanent visas in the mid-1990s. The classification of degrees by field used in this survey differs somewhat from that in most publications of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Includes agricultural, biological, and health sciences. The

total number of degrees also differs slightly from that reported in the NCES “Completions” survey. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: Doctorate Recipients From United States Universities, 2003, Survey of Earned Doctorates, National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Education, National Endowment for the Humanities, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 495 Degrees

Table 300. Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in the physical sciences: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03 Selected characteristic 1

1979–80 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99

1999– 2000 2000–01 2001–02

2002–03

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Number of degrees1 ......................

3,151

4,262

4,441

4,575

4,470

4,799

4,618

4,632

4,573

4,639

4,389

4,168

4,138

3,987

4,103

Sex (percent) Male ........................................... Female .......................................

87.7 12.3

81.2 18.8

81.0 19.0

79.1 20.9

78.9 21.1

79.0 21.0

77.3 22.7

78.1 21.9

77.2 22.8

75.2 22.8

76.2 23.8

74.4 25.6

74.1 25.9

71.9 28.1

71.9 28.1

Racial/ethnic group (percent)2 White, non-Hispanic................... Black, non-Hispanic ................... Hispanic ..................................... Asian3 ........................................ American Indian/Alaska Native..

90.0 1.0 1.1 7.7 0.2

89.3 1.0 3.1 6.6 0.1

88.8 1.2 2.9 6.6 0.5

86.4 1.1 3.2 8.9 0.5

84.5 1.6 3.4 10.2 0.3

74.8 1.6 2.6 20.8 0.2

70.6 1.4 2.5 25.3 0.3

76.0 2.1 2.8 18.9 0.3

78.9 2.0 2.6 16.1 0.4

81.8 2.2 2.4 13.2 0.4

82.8 2.9 2.8 10.8 0.6

83.8 2.7 3.8 9.2 0.6

84.2 2.4 3.3 9.5 0.5

83.7 3.0 3.4 9.6 0.3

84.1 3.1 3.8 8.7 0.2

Citizenship (percent) United States ............................. Foreign....................................... Unknown ....................................

75.9 21.6 2.4

61.0 32.4 6.7

59.3 35.9 4.8

57.9 39.6 2.5

57.1 39.7 3.2

56.3 41.7 2.1

56.7 41.7 1.8

54.7 41.8 3.5

57.5 36.3 6.2

56.5 36.4 7.1

56.8 37.9 5.3

56.5 38.2 5.2

55.3 40.7 3.9

56.0 39.1 4.9

55.8 39.1 4.2

Median age at doctorate (years)....

29.1

30.7

30.2

30.3

30.6

30.7

30.7

30.8

30.4

30.2

30.6

30.3

30.3

30.2

30.3

Percent with bachelor’s degree in same field as doctorate ...........

76.5

80.0

76.9

74.5

72.9

73.0

70.8

69.6

65.4

66.8

66.7

66.2

68.2

66.9

68.8

Median time lapse from bachelor’s to doctorate (years) Total time.................................... Registered time..........................

6.8 5.7

7.8 6.3

7.5 6.2

7.8 6.4

8.0 6.4

8.2 6.6

8.1 6.8

8.0 6.6

7.5 6.6

7.5 6.5

7.6 6.6

7.7 6.7

7.4 6.6

8.7 6.5

7.5 6.6

1Excludes mathematics and computer science. 2 Distribution by race/ethnicity based on U.S. citizens 3

tion Statistics (NCES). Includes physics, astronomy, chemistry, and earth, atmospheric, and marine sciences. The number of degrees also differs slightly from that reported in the NCES “Completions” survey. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: Doctorate Recipients From United States Universities, 2003, Survey of Earned Doctorates, National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Education, National Endowment for the Humanities, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

and those with permanent visas only. Does not include Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders. NOTE: Longitudinal comparisons by race/ethnicity should be done with extreme care, due to periodic changes in the survey. In particular, large numbers of Asians converted from temporary visas to permanent visas in the mid-1990s. The classification of degrees by field used in this survey differs somewhat from that in most publications of the National Center for Educa-

_

Table 301. Statistical profile of persons receiving doctor’s degrees in the social sciences and psychology: Selected years, 1979–80 through 2002–03 Selected characteristic 1

1979–80 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99

1999– 2000 2000–01 2001–02

2002–03

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Number of degrees........................

6,253

6,093

6,152

6,216

6,545

6,613

6,635

6,814

6,917

7,075

7,036

7,115

6,825

6,611

6,777

Sex (percent) Male ........................................... Female .......................................

65.4 34.6

53.7 46.3

50.6 49.4

52.6 47.4

50.7 49.3

50.6 49.4

49.2 50.8

48.4 51.6

47.3 52.7

45.5 54.5

45.5 54.5

45.4 54.6

45.6 54.4

44.7 55.3

44.6 55.4

Racial/ethnic group (percent)1 White, non-Hispanic................... Black, non-Hispanic ................... Hispanic ..................................... Asian2 ........................................ American Indian/Alaska Native..

90.7 4.2 2.0 2.8 0.3

88.2 4.4 3.9 3.0 0.5

87.2 4.9 4.2 3.3 0.4

87.7 4.5 3.8 3.6 0.5

86.9 4.7 4.1 4.0 0.4

85.0 4.7 3.6 6.1 0.5

82.8 5.2 4.2 7.3 0.5

83.3 5.0 4.6 6.4 0.7

82.9 5.5 4.8 6.2 0.5

1.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

82.0 6.0 5.4 5.4 1.1

82.0 6.6 5.1 5.5 0.7

82.4 6.3 5.4 5.2 0.7

81.1 6.7 6.1 5.3 0.7

81.4 6.6 6.0 5.3 0.7

Citizenship (percent) United States ............................. Foreign....................................... Unknown ....................................

84.7 11.6 3.7

73.8 18.0 8.2

73.4 19.8 6.8

74.3 21.2 4.4

75.5 21.3 3.1

75.5 21.7 2.8

76.0 21.4 2.6

76.2 20.7 3.1

72.5 17.8 9.7

75.1 17.1 7.8

76.1 17.5 6.5

76.4 18.1 5.5

74.1 19.3 6.6

74.1 18.9 7.0

73.0 20.8 6.2

Median age at doctorate (years)....

31.6

34.2

34.1

34.3

34.3

34.1

34.1

33.7

33.4

33.2

33.2

33.0

32.9

33.0

33.1

Percent with bachelor’s degree in same field as doctorate ...........

58.6

55.4

54.2

53.1

53.7

53.2

52.2

53.4

55.2

56.2

55.8

58.3

58.2

53.6

52.2

Median time lapse from bachelor’s to doctorate (years) Total time.................................... Registered time..........................

8.7 6.4

10.6 7.5

10.5 7.5

10.6 7.5

10.4 7.5

10.5 7.5

10.5 7.5

10.3 7.4

10.0 7.5

9.9 7.5

9.9 7.5

9.8 7.5

9.7 7.6

10.0 7.8

10.0 7.8

1Distribution by race/ethnicity based on U.S. citizens and those 2Does not include Native Hawaiians or other Pacific Islanders.

with permanent visas only.

NOTE: Longitudinal comparisons by race/ethnicity should be done with extreme care, due to periodic changes in the survey. In particular, large numbers of Asians converted from temporary visas to permanent visas in the mid-1990s. The classification of degrees by field used in this survey differs somewhat from that in most publications of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The major differences are that history is included under humanities rather than social sciences and that psychology is included under social sciences. Includes anthropology, area studies, criminology, demographic/population studies,

economics, econometrics, geography, international relations/affairs, political science, public policy, psychology, sociology, statistics, and urban affairs/studies. The total number of degrees also differs slightly from that reported in the NCES “Completions” survey. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: Doctorate Recipients From United States Universities, 2003, Survey of Earned Doctorates, National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Education, National Endowment for the Humanities, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

496 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 302. Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by control, level of degree, and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04 Public

State or jurisdiction 1

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Private

Master’s degrees

Firstprofessional degrees1

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Firstprofessional degrees1

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States ...................................

524,875

905,718

285,138

34,499

29,706

140,426

493,824

273,802

48,542

18,672

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

7,735 922 9,662 4,689 74,564

17,643 1,288 17,350 8,537 104,322

8,535 501 6,423 2,326 25,233

637 0 473 465 2,333

479 20 828 219 2,995

1,179 64 4,356 198 14,970

3,743 117 8,875 2,247 38,096

524 84 11,041 271 28,060

379 0 297 0 6,370

42 0 103 0 2,918

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

5,827 3,556 912 138 43,440

19,135 8,149 3,811 302 42,797

5,476 2,972 754 67 12,815

518 356 0 25 1,370

658 257 177 0 1,458

4,000 1,181 247 678 14,486

4,972 8,494 1,290 9,133 21,014

4,551 5,409 1,186 8,401 10,360

429 593 243 2,630 2,099

122 423 24 576 1,450

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

9,678 2,296 1,723 23,718 9,148

23,638 3,314 4,378 31,678 24,522

8,735 1,053 993 11,827 7,121

858 143 161 1,136 1,093

877 116 105 1,065 956

3,249 1,358 1,550 5,020 4,105

12,524 2,185 1,664 27,859 11,866

5,707 844 123 20,905 3,715

1,260 2 0 3,286 571

257 11 0 1,433 168

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

9,457 7,069 6,451 4,609 1,778

11,122 12,624 13,123 17,450 3,600

2,621 4,324 5,100 4,710 851

547 727 804 824 82

538 433 339 444 40

1,619 663 2,209 1,232 474

9,052 3,398 4,120 3,886 2,459

1,346 1,665 1,090 1,704 691

979 14 236 886 120

68 0 85 127 3

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

8,518 8,473 17,873 10,990 7,923

18,295 13,299 38,615 17,330 9,774

6,733 4,657 16,832 4,126 2,940

980 98 1,677 715 395

687 438 1,493 592 357

505 2,900 3,963 3,199 301

5,704 32,284 12,551 9,994 1,889

6,266 23,111 7,372 7,307 728

160 4,130 1,039 944 133

376 2,046 66 440 0

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

8,514 1,637 3,621 2,296 1,713

17,647 4,772 7,145 4,714 4,125

5,078 1,037 2,601 1,347 969

756 134 346 169 0

417 80 274 121 46

3,882 174 674 576 1,576

16,359 597 4,294 422 3,783

11,207 50 1,029 449 1,870

1,801 0 467 0 158

816 0 108 0 81

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

12,712 4,019 39,492 16,399 1,891

22,185 5,948 43,882 26,441 4,226

6,713 2,402 18,040 8,233 788

1,128 243 1,254 836 181

699 283 1,199 950 90

1,494 252 16,142 1,118 281

8,379 1,269 63,113 12,333 807

5,322 581 45,230 3,145 266

534 0 7,119 1,052 0

483 0 2,791 298 0

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

16,919 8,002 6,889 12,966 1,177

35,860 13,767 12,114 37,569 3,137

11,948 4,361 4,134 9,734 825

2,013 745 409 1,693 78

1,373 366 413 1,370 85

5,391 699 1,412 11,610 2,363

20,396 3,657 4,550 37,774 6,114

7,298 1,246 1,743 16,554 1,346

1,199 353 661 2,855 243

477 36 91 1,429 164

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

6,829 1,790 6,362 33,691 8,225

12,972 3,349 15,756 66,182 12,008

3,831 881 5,059 23,574 2,595

619 185 724 3,061 260

414 89 503 2,345 280

1,210 718 2,371 5,611 1,176

4,919 1,403 9,227 19,357 7,901

934 235 3,245 6,975 1,572

201 19 707 2,021 156

18 2 343 407 82

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

795 10,659 22,362 2,344 10,458 1,964

2,328 27,027 20,456 7,442 23,401 1,670

513 9,321 4,685 2,479 5,845 420

90 1,341 648 453 585 131

53 1,101 670 169 703 42

595 3,375 1,314 979 882 845

2,320 8,633 6,784 1,659 8,358 0

961 2,627 3,796 350 3,310 0

157 1,066 522 0 451 0

2 148 59 0 99 0

U.S. Service Schools2 .............................. Other jurisdictions ..........................

0 2,070

3,499 8,526

0 875

0 357

0 68

† 2,964

† 9,353

† 3,047

† 517

† 114

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

149 171 87 80 98 69 1,339 77

0 0 280 0 32 0 8,024 190

0 0 100 0 0 0 703 72

0 0 0 0 0 0 357 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 68 0

0 0 3 0 0 0 2,961 0

0 0 7 0 0 0 9,346 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 3,047 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 517 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 114 0

†Not applicable. 1 Includes degrees that require at least 6 years of college work for completion (including at least 2 years of preprofessional training). See Definitions for details. 2 Excludes Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, National Defense University, Air Force Institute of Technology, Community College of the Air Force, Naval Postgrad-

uate School, Joint Military Intelligence College, and the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 303. Bachelor’s and master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by field of study and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04

State or jurisdiction 1

Bachelor’s degrees

Social and behavioral sciences2

Humanities1

Total degrees Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Computer sciences and engineering4

Natural sciences3

Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Education

Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Business/management Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Other fields5 Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

1,399,542

558,940

246,646

40,477

232,455

34,008

92,819

17,418

137,715

55,340

106,278

162,345

307,149

139,347

276,480

110,005

Alabama ....................................... Alaska........................................... Arizona ......................................... Arkansas....................................... California ......................................

21,386 1,405 26,225 10,784 142,418

9,059 585 17,464 2,597 53,293

2,294 253 3,391 1,371 34,486

298 66 508 150 5,085

2,308 228 2,660 1,185 29,629

526 46 317 109 4,608

1,227 164 1,296 788 10,789

178 41 237 86 1,659

1,944 88 3,534 851 14,619

675 57 884 164 6,596

2,682 39 2,686 1,321 2,692

3,142 172 5,888 869 13,569

6,011 271 7,554 2,540 28,428

2,252 104 7,833 536 12,269

4,920 362 5,104 2,728 21,775

1,988 99 1,797 683 9,507

Colorado ....................................... Connecticut................................... Delaware....................................... District of Columbia ...................... Florida...........................................

24,107 16,643 5,101 9,435 63,811

10,027 8,381 1,940 8,468 23,175

4,840 3,783 727 1,363 7,857

622 735 99 805 943

4,600 4,222 948 2,441 9,750

837 424 94 1,066 1,199

1,883 1,045 222 427 2,833

333 339 34 259 637

2,692 899 318 1,495 6,354

1,495 695 133 899 2,233

119 602 560 74 4,961

1,901 2,449 722 734 5,504

5,107 3,018 1,265 2,247 17,882

3,150 2,055 536 2,297 7,288

4,866 3,074 1,061 1,388 14,174

1,689 1,684 322 2,408 5,371

Georgia......................................... Hawaii ........................................... Idaho............................................. Illinois............................................ Indiana..........................................

36,162 5,499 6,042 59,537 36,388

14,442 1,897 1,116 32,732 10,836

5,108 857 851 11,321 5,812

709 122 50 2,239 891

5,114 996 687 8,347 4,417

668 220 41 2,019 505

2,137 324 439 3,755 1,998

353 65 79 958 402

5,332 342 497 6,858 4,148

1,952 127 90 2,990 890

3,269 370 897 6,334 4,431

4,146 441 421 9,126 2,587

9,534 1,517 1,127 11,879 7,774

4,335 549 156 9,468 3,394

5,668 1,093 1,544 11,043 7,808

2,279 373 279 5,932 2,167

Iowa .............................................. Kansas.......................................... Kentucky ....................................... Louisiana ...................................... Maine............................................

20,174 16,022 17,243 21,336 6,059

3,967 5,989 6,190 6,414 1,542

2,977 2,394 2,552 3,406 1,182

387 399 316 466 77

2,859 1,921 2,489 2,697 1,192

138 248 340 313 21

1,339 1,072 1,165 1,600 464

223 148 209 332 33

1,757 1,542 1,038 1,915 434

395 583 486 537 43

2,454 1,776 2,057 1,910 649

908 1,976 2,484 1,592 681

4,687 3,525 3,658 5,112 678

977 1,399 851 1,415 203

4,101 3,792 4,284 4,696 1,460

939 1,236 1,504 1,759 484

Maryland....................................... Massachusetts.............................. Michigan ....................................... Minnesota ..................................... Mississippi ....................................

23,999 45,583 51,166 27,324 11,663

12,999 27,768 24,204 11,433 3,668

4,479 9,227 6,605 5,344 1,209

1,003 2,006 1,064 697 160

4,958 10,430 6,779 4,484 1,432

1,005 1,834 763 706 164

1,767 3,320 3,152 2,165 794

585 865 631 192 230

3,286 4,173 6,465 2,069 928

2,009 2,737 3,230 926 305

1,319 1,370 5,278 3,120 1,767

2,863 7,949 7,774 5,103 1,400

3,974 8,718 12,360 5,113 2,829

3,403 6,084 6,433 2,065 714

4,216 8,345 10,527 5,029 2,704

2,131 6,293 4,309 1,744 695

Missouri ........................................ Montana........................................ Nebraska ...................................... Nevada ......................................... New Hampshire ............................

34,006 5,369 11,439 5,136 7,908

16,285 1,087 3,630 1,796 2,839

4,496 757 1,132 547 1,414

795 97 175 91 121

4,374 818 1,263 672 1,674

1,349 96 148 108 175

2,147 474 682 265 501

297 87 124 69 83

3,459 600 768 444 604

1,021 89 257 155 200

3,330 646 1,442 654 376

3,975 305 1,015 835 775

9,019 899 3,248 1,514 1,763

6,182 108 677 321 1,058

7,181 1,175 2,904 1,040 1,576

2,666 305 1,234 217 427

New Jersey ................................... New Mexico .................................. New York....................................... North Carolina .............................. North Dakota ................................

30,564 7,217 106,995 38,774 5,033

12,035 2,983 63,270 11,378 1,054

5,701 1,199 22,548 5,084 433

937 239 6,344 891 30

6,946 800 21,234 7,216 401

625 139 3,626 436 30

2,165 456 6,199 3,118 287

426 145 1,628 532 42

3,477 837 10,101 3,601 594

1,636 323 4,762 1,254 71

2,131 929 7,807 2,859 628

3,363 941 23,540 2,350 250

5,477 1,649 20,871 8,129 1,036

2,784 601 10,464 3,297 293

4,667 1,347 18,235 8,767 1,654

2,264 595 12,906 2,618 338

Ohio .............................................. Oklahoma ..................................... Oregon.......................................... Pennsylvania................................. Rhode Island ................................

56,256 17,424 16,664 75,343 9,251

19,246 5,607 5,877 26,288 2,171

8,807 2,449 3,969 12,265 1,540

1,768 423 494 1,784 187

7,792 1,870 3,409 11,888 1,451

1,061 838 363 1,381 212

3,331 1,105 1,217 5,084 518

739 145 193 809 128

5,216 1,514 1,313 7,732 742

1,594 702 541 2,770 134

6,502 2,205 718 6,937 687

5,979 1,269 2,379 7,329 590

12,503 4,404 2,900 16,383 2,418

4,619 1,257 846 6,386 502

12,105 3,877 3,138 15,054 1,895

3,486 973 1,061 5,829 418

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 497 Degrees

2 United States .......................

State or jurisdiction 1

Bachelor’s degrees

Social and behavioral sciences2

Humanities1

Total degrees Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Computer sciences and engineering4

Natural sciences3

Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Education

Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Other fields5

Business/management Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

South Carolina.............................. South Dakota................................ Tennessee .................................... Texas ............................................ Utah ..............................................

17,891 4,752 24,983 85,539 19,909

4,765 1,116 8,304 30,549 4,167

2,667 407 5,278 17,331 2,973

242 70 562 2,472 277

2,904 532 3,904 11,892 3,526

195 106 471 1,769 200

1,563 324 1,453 6,095 1,128

213 40 261 1,093 191

1,291 680 1,860 7,093 2,001

363 195 532 4,003 533

1,717 628 1,400 2,271 1,977

1,720 302 3,044 6,233 761

4,453 987 5,597 21,506 3,926

879 205 1,738 9,114 1,225

3,296 1,194 5,491 19,351 4,378

1,153 198 1,696 5,865 980

Vermont ........................................ Virginia.......................................... Washington................................... West Virginia................................. Wisconsin ..................................... Wyoming.......................................

4,648 35,660 27,240 9,101 31,759 1,670

1,474 11,948 8,481 2,829 9,155 420

1,275 7,587 6,363 1,837 4,488 107

320 1,096 524 145 471 25

1,085 7,725 5,014 1,090 4,938 229

196 1,063 496 118 552 44

285 2,613 1,982 537 2,577 139

42 384 266 77 253 43

215 3,126 2,282 677 2,534 169

82 1,466 516 239 725 46

289 914 1,946 1,073 3,188 287

497 3,522 2,677 1,007 3,241 45

636 7,215 4,663 1,702 6,843 259

130 2,188 1,963 500 2,156 88

863 6,480 4,990 2,185 7,191 480

207 2,229 2,039 743 1,757 129

U.S. Service Schools ....................

3,499

0

303

0

1,035

0

409

0

1,207

0

0

0

341

0

204

0

Other jurisdictions ..............

17,879

3,922

897

114

1,256

264

1,380

81

1,850

226

2,892

1,047

6,026

1,484

3,578

706

Guam............................................ Northern Marianas ....................... Puerto Rico................................... Virgin Islands ................................

287 32 17,370 190

100 0 3,750 72

23 0 862 12

1 0 113 0

26 0 1,210 20

0 0 264 0

9 0 1,354 17

7 0 74 0

15 0 1,831 4

0 0 226 0

79 32 2,750 31

29 0 975 43

45 0 5,889 92

42 0 1,425 17

90 0 3,474 14

21 0 673 12

1Includes

degrees in area, ethnic, cultural, and gender studies; English language and literature/letters; foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics; liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities; multi/interdisciplinary studies; philosophy and religious studies; theology and religious vocations; and visual and performing arts. 2Includes psychology; social sciences; and history. 3Includes biological and biomedical sciences; physical sciences; science technologies/technicians; and mathematics and statistics. 4Includes computer and information sciences and support services; engineering; engineering technologies/technicians; mechanic and repair technologies/technicians; and construction trades.

5Includes

agriculture, agricultural operations, and related sciences; natural resources and conservation; architecture and related services; communication, journalism, and related programs; communications technologies/technicians and support services; health professions and related clinical sciences; family and consumer services/human sciences; legal professions and studies; library science; military technologies; parks, recreation, leisure, and fitness studies; security and protective services; public administration and social service professions; transportation and materials moving; and not classified by field of study. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

498 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 303. Bachelor’s and master’s degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by field of study and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04—Continued

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 499 Degrees _

Table 304. Degrees conferred by degree-granting institutions, by level of degree and state or jurisdiction: 2002–03 and 2003–04 2002–03

State or jurisdiction 1

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

2003–04

Master’s degrees

Firstprofessional degrees1

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

Associate’s degrees

Bachelor’s degrees

Master’s degrees

Firstprofessional degrees1

Doctor’s degrees (Ph.D., Ed.D., etc.)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States ...................................

632,912

1,348,503

512,645

80,810

46,024

665,301

1,399,542

558,940

83,041

48,378

Alabama ................................................... Alaska....................................................... Arizona ..................................................... Arkansas................................................... California ..................................................

8,744 952 12,042 4,714 90,028

20,479 1,363 23,372 10,591 135,844

8,441 506 12,618 2,384 48,651

1,019 0 754 477 8,624

586 36 803 180 5,731

8,914 986 14,018 4,887 89,534

21,386 1,405 26,225 10,784 142,418

9,059 585 17,464 2,597 53,293

1,016 0 770 465 8,703

521 20 931 219 5,913

Colorado ................................................... Connecticut............................................... Delaware................................................... District of Columbia .................................. Florida.......................................................

8,860 4,641 1,147 664 55,603

23,101 15,850 5,164 8,900 58,933

9,232 8,252 1,763 7,460 20,785

979 1,008 312 2,605 3,235

813 648 168 579 2,592

9,827 4,737 1,159 816 57,926

24,107 16,643 5,101 9,435 63,811

10,027 8,381 1,940 8,468 23,175

947 949 243 2,655 3,469

780 680 201 576 2,908

Georgia..................................................... Hawaii ....................................................... Idaho......................................................... Illinois........................................................ Indiana......................................................

10,689 3,745 3,788 27,827 12,776

31,974 5,047 5,975 59,569 35,284

12,059 1,728 1,487 30,240 9,503

2,108 126 154 4,359 1,638

1,122 146 131 2,582 1,147

12,927 3,654 3,273 28,738 13,253

36,162 5,499 6,042 59,537 36,388

14,442 1,897 1,116 32,732 10,836

2,118 145 161 4,422 1,664

1,134 127 105 2,498 1,124

Iowa .......................................................... Kansas...................................................... Kentucky ................................................... Louisiana .................................................. Maine........................................................

10,518 7,266 7,860 5,604 2,144

20,034 15,744 16,254 21,182 6,158

3,948 5,604 5,430 5,813 1,349

1,579 666 1,031 1,592 172

506 414 404 491 56

11,076 7,732 8,660 5,841 2,252

20,174 16,022 17,243 21,336 6,059

3,967 5,989 6,190 6,414 1,542

1,526 741 1,040 1,710 202

606 433 424 571 43

Maryland................................................... Massachusetts.......................................... Michigan ................................................... Minnesota ................................................. Mississippi ................................................

8,432 10,842 21,298 13,302 7,515

23,556 44,726 50,178 25,783 11,797

12,057 26,946 23,196 9,185 3,417

1,046 4,076 2,481 1,596 520

969 2,320 1,525 941 340

9,023 11,373 21,836 14,189 8,224

23,999 45,583 51,166 27,324 11,663

12,999 27,768 24,204 11,433 3,668

1,140 4,228 2,716 1,659 528

1,063 2,484 1,559 1,032 357

Missouri .................................................... Montana.................................................... Nebraska .................................................. Nevada ..................................................... New Hampshire ........................................

12,004 1,666 4,366 2,489 3,149

33,291 5,238 11,025 4,877 7,563

15,591 979 3,533 1,527 2,387

2,490 118 809 178 191

1,182 75 434 132 142

12,396 1,811 4,295 2,872 3,289

34,006 5,369 11,439 5,136 7,908

16,285 1,087 3,630 1,796 2,839

2,557 134 813 169 158

1,233 80 382 121 127

New Jersey ............................................... New Mexico .............................................. New York................................................... North Carolina .......................................... North Dakota ............................................

13,066 3,871 53,569 15,460 1,931

29,604 7,027 105,103 37,272 4,882

11,140 2,622 58,210 10,143 928

1,609 246 8,117 1,861 180

1,052 244 3,741 1,138 90

14,206 4,271 55,634 17,517 2,172

30,564 7,217 106,995 38,774 5,033

12,035 2,983 63,270 11,378 1,054

1,662 243 8,373 1,888 181

1,182 283 3,990 1,248 90

Ohio .......................................................... Oklahoma ................................................. Oregon...................................................... Pennsylvania............................................. Rhode Island ............................................

21,063 8,070 7,365 24,177 3,516

54,852 16,348 15,601 72,351 9,108

18,824 5,389 5,622 24,038 2,056

3,089 1,082 1,074 4,442 250

1,858 416 499 2,431 246

22,310 8,701 8,301 24,576 3,540

56,256 17,424 16,664 75,343 9,251

19,246 5,607 5,877 26,288 2,171

3,212 1,098 1,070 4,548 321

1,850 402 504 2,799 249

South Carolina.......................................... South Dakota ............................................ Tennessee ................................................ Texas ........................................................ Utah ..........................................................

7,526 2,200 8,826 34,919 9,374

17,817 4,344 24,369 82,649 19,086

4,496 1,070 8,136 27,879 3,827

738 166 1,411 4,899 410

428 75 731 2,626 336

8,039 2,508 8,733 39,302 9,401

17,891 4,752 24,983 85,539 19,909

4,765 1,116 8,304 30,549 4,167

820 204 1,431 5,082 416

432 91 846 2,752 362

Vermont .................................................... Virginia...................................................... Washington............................................... West Virginia............................................. Wisconsin ................................................. Wyoming...................................................

1,419 13,486 21,773 3,216 10,690 2,720

4,545 34,657 25,908 9,335 29,645 1,739

1,449 11,251 8,310 2,479 8,288 417

248 2,133 1,218 471 1,119 104

44 1,169 663 160 826 56

1,390 14,034 23,676 3,323 11,340 2,809

4,648 35,660 27,240 9,101 31,759 1,670

1,474 11,948 8,481 2,829 9,155 420

247 2,407 1,170 453 1,036 131

55 1,249 729 169 802 42

U.S. Service Schools2 .............................. Other jurisdictions ..........................

0 5,041

3,409 17,191

0 3,453

0 856

0 153

0 5,034

3,499 17,879

0 3,922

0 874

0 182

American Samoa ...................................... Federated States of Micronesia................ Guam........................................................ Marshall Islands........................................ Northern Marianas ................................... Palau......................................................... Puerto Rico............................................... Virgin Islands ............................................

148 196 96 35 80 30 4,397 59

0 0 276 0 24 0 16,724 167

0 0 115 0 0 0 3,276 62

0 0 0 0 0 0 856 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 153 0

149 171 90 80 98 69 4,300 77

0 0 287 0 32 0 17,370 190

0 0 100 0 0 0 3,750 72

0 0 0 0 0 0 874 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 182 0

1

Includes degrees that require at least 6 years of college work for completion (including at least 2 years of preprofessional training). See Definitions for details. 2Excludes Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, National Defense University, Air Force Institute of Technology, Community College of the Air Force, Naval Postgrad-

uate School, Joint Military Intelligence College, and the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 and 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2003 and Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

500 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Degrees

Table 305. Doctor’s degrees conferred by 60 large degree-granting institutions: 1994–95 through 2003–04

Institution 1

Rank order1

Total, 1994–95 to 2003–04

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98 1998–992

1999– 2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

United States, all institutions.......................

†

453,335

44,446

44,652

45,876

46,010

44,077

44,808

44,904

44,160

46,024

48,378

Total, 60 large institutions............................

†

242,541

24,969

24,843

25,038

25,303

23,751

23,915

23,629

23,059

23,425

24,609

University of California, Berkeley............................ University of Texas at Austin ................................... University of Wisconsin, Madison ........................... University of Illinois at Urbana ................................ University of Minnesota, Twin Cities .......................

1 2 3 4 5

7,700 7,254 7,063 6,603 6,487

828 727 758 761 685

770 744 753 698 763

759 786 782 735 704

756 836 757 706 729

720 754 687 646 658

756 659 729 597 604

759 733 663 667 632

805 639 650 602 560

772 674 656 617 560

775 702 628 574 592

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor .......................... Ohio State University, Main Campus ...................... University of California, Los Angeles ...................... Harvard University .................................................. Stanford University .................................................

6 7 8 9 10

6,463 6,339 6,159 5,910 5,892

714 699 663 556 574

691 717 611 528 585

635 721 616 623 607

690 636 607 803 606

650 561 589 615 574

629 620 606 602 589

568 633 612 520 573

610 617 593 543 548

616 575 596 548 611

660 560 666 572 625

Nova Southeastern University ................................ Pennsylvania State University, Main Campus......... University of Southern California ............................ Texas A & M University ........................................... University of Florida................................................

11 12 13 14 15

5,606 5,327 5,208 5,165 5,146

450 563 539 564 400

447 510 539 574 434

534 523 448 541 429

540 571 515 525 456

537 560 536 501 445

587 513 481 490 516

519 526 522 509 574

555 519 496 504 607

732 503 559 442 591

705 539 573 515 694

Massachusetts Institute of Technology ................... University of Washington ........................................ Purdue University, Main Campus............................ Columbia University in the City of New York........... University of Maryland, College Park Campus .......

16 17 18 19 20

4,970 4,922 4,737 4,735 4,647

521 482 509 660 480

554 495 508 404 466

514 526 478 482 505

520 479 496 469 474

486 520 496 414 501

475 486 468 461 461

492 486 464 465 430

501 452 409 452 430

440 493 463 433 418

467 503 446 495 482

Cornell University3 .................................................. Michigan State University ....................................... University of Pennsylvania...................................... University of Arizona............................................... University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill .............

21 22 23 24 25

4,554 4,327 4,222 3,957 3,941

525 419 539 396 369

516 484 447 384 365

485 411 440 445 387

474 451 436 411 382

485 404 380 411 374

441 444 427 405 425

423 414 376 359 398

382 428 380 370 390

411 442 384 378 412

412 430 413 398 439

New York University ................................................ Rutgers University, New Brunswick ........................ Indiana University, Bloomington.............................. University of Georgia .............................................. University of Chicago..............................................

26 27 28 29 30

3,877 3,874 3,765 3,661 3,621

380 405 383 342 366

356 416 374 343 381

392 410 366 328 364

446 402 361 369 368

300 375 363 365 384

402 371 409 352 391

368 392 420 351 371

415 363 347 393 333

411 358 367 414 332

407 382 375 404 331

University of Pittsburgh, Main Campus................... Northwestern University ......................................... University of California, Davis................................. Johns Hopkins University ....................................... Yale University ........................................................

31 32 33 34 35

3,551 3,534 3,524 3,481 3,355

324 375 341 271 366

358 359 397 321 367

387 357 351 329 329

380 377 337 360 365

360 309 310 366 322

316 321 357 351 334

360 350 337 384 313

336 349 346 373 310

348 370 373 364 317

382 367 375 362 332

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State U. .............. University of Virginia, Main Campus....................... University of Iowa ................................................... North Carolina State University at Raleigh ............. Arizona State University, Main Campus..................

36 37 38 39 40

3,312 3,284 3,238 3,205 2,985

361 312 340 304 305

378 325 377 325 315

410 368 364 314 274

349 302 327 322 287

349 302 310 358 273

309 343 317 316 286

268 316 334 306 277

326 321 320 300 313

272 337 249 322 300

290 358 300 338 355

University of Colorado at Boulder ........................... State University of New York at Buffalo................... University of California, San Diego ......................... City University of New York, Graduate School and University Center ....................................... Boston University....................................................

41 42 43

2,945 2,940 2,890

299 318 274

297 346 259

328 314 281

309 295 310

307 271 303

266 303 294

292 294 285

258 231 278

303 269 279

286 299 327

44 45

2,887 2,855

294 315

302 309

310 276

333 307

277 287

280 274

250 304

271 246

272 270

298 267

University of Massachusetts, Amherst.................... Florida State University .......................................... Princeton University................................................ University of Tennessee, Knoxville ......................... Temple University ...................................................

46 47 48 49 50

2,807 2,776 2,708 2,685 2,657

307 295 300 257 315

338 273 286 281 281

282 306 296 295 306

299 305 263 254 285

270 273 250 255 248

276 263 279 286 263

261 252 268 239 238

287 248 230 276 226

213 290 260 262 161

274 271 276 280 334

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 501 Degrees

Table 305. Doctor’s degrees conferred by 60 large degree-granting institutions: 1994–95 through 2003–04—Continued

Rank order1

Total, 1994–95 to 2003–04

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

2

3

4

5

6

7

Iowa State University .............................................. University of Missouri, Columbia ............................ University of South Carolina at Columbia............... University of Nebraska at Lincoln ........................... Duke University.......................................................

51 52 53 54 55

2,593 2,549 2,499 2,488 2,468

318 219 237 229 246

287 248 267 261 230

255 264 274 276 258

University of Connecticut ........................................ University of Cincinnati, Main Campus ................... University of Kansas, Main Campus....................... Georgia Institute of Technology, Main Campus....... Louisiana St. U. & A&M and Hebert Laws Center ..

56 57 58 59 60

2,462 2,442 2,438 2,434 2,417

265 264 250 189 222

239 227 243 252 238

254 298 248 224 234

Institution 1

†Not applicable. 1Institutions are ranked by the total number of doctor’s degrees conferred during the 10-year period ending June 30, 2004. 2Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) 3Includes degrees conferred by the Endowed and Statutory Colleges.

1999– 2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

8

9

10

11

12

13

300 277 243 282 238

257 230 268 251 249

238 256 246 251 230

243 278 235 235 259

239 252 253 213 246

228 274 235 254 253

228 251 241 236 259

253 274 278 263 258

227 230 267 228 253

275 238 246 230 275

234 248 231 255 264

221 214 204 257 222

237 237 232 225 211

257 212 239 311 240

1997–98 1998–992

2003–04

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1994–95 through 2003–04 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Completions Survey” (IPEDS-C:95–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

502 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Outcomes

s emo c t uTable O 306. Percentage distribution of 1990 high school sophomores, by highest level of education completed through 2000 and selected student characteristics: 1990, 1992, and 2000 Bachelor’s or higher degree

Student characteristic 1

Total

Less than high school completion

High school completion

Some postsecondary

2

3

4

5

Certificate

Associate’s degree

6

7

Total

Bachelor’s degree

Master’s degree

Professional and doctor’s degrees

8

9

10

11

Total........................................... 100.0

(†)

8.8 (0.73)

17.8 (0.73)

30.2 (0.90)

7.9 (0.44)

6.6 (0.37)

28.7 (0.89)

25.5 (0.81)

2.8 (0.23)

0.4

(0.06)

Sex Male ............................................... 100.0 Female ........................................... 100.0

(†) (†)

8.5 (1.02) 9.1 (1.00)

19.7 (1.06) 15.9 (0.99)

32.6 (1.27) 27.9 (1.12)

6.8 (0.60) 8.9 (0.67)

6.6 (0.56) 6.6 (0.46)

25.8 (1.16) 31.5 (1.12)

23.2 (1.08) 27.8 (1.03)

2.2 (0.31) 3.3 (0.31)

0.4 0.4

(0.09) (0.09)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic....................... Black, non-Hispanic ....................... Hispanic ......................................... Asian/Pacific Islander..................... American Indian/Alaska Native......

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

6.8 11.1 16.3 6.5 21.6

17.8 17.9 18.5 6.2 40.1

27.6 38.5 37.8 32.2 23.0

7.2 4.1 7.3 3.5 3.0

33.3 16.4 11.6 46.1 5.9

29.4 15.4 10.7 41.0 5.3

3.5 0.8 0.8 3.6 ‡

(0.30) (0.25) (0.20) (0.91) (†)

0.5 0.2 0.1 1.5 ‡

(0.08) (0.08) (0.07) (0.41) (†)

Socioeconomic status1 (1990) Low quartile ................................... 100.0 Middle two quartiles....................... 100.0 High quartile .................................. 100.0

(†) (†) (†)

19.9 (1.97) 6.1 (0.79) 0.3 (0.10)

31.7 (1.84) 17.0 (0.90) 5.2 (0.81)

25.4 (1.71) 34.4 (1.16) 25.5 (1.47)

10.6 (1.12) 8.2 (0.61) 4.5 (0.79)

5.4 (0.69) 8.5 (0.60) 4.6 (0.56)

6.9 (0.60) 25.7 (1.02) 59.8 (1.58)

6.5 (0.59) 23.6 (1.00) 51.2 (1.48)

0.3 (0.10) 1.9 (0.26) 7.3 (0.68)

# 0.2 1.4

(†) (0.06) (0.23)

Test score composite2 (1990) Low quartile ................................... 100.0 Middle two quartiles....................... 100.0 High quartile .................................. 100.0

(†) (†) (†)

19.3 (1.99) 4.9 (1.00) 0.7 (0.09)

31.8 (2.00) 17.0 (0.98) 5.3 (0.72)

28.1 (1.93) 34.4 (1.29) 23.4 (1.23)

11.2 (1.27) 8.9 (0.62) 2.7 (0.59)

4.9 (0.76) 9.2 (0.61) 4.7 (0.57)

4.7 (0.50) 25.5 (1.08) 63.2 (1.44)

4.5 (0.50) 23.6 (1.05) 53.9 (1.43)

0.2 (0.08) 1.8 (0.20) 7.7 (0.75)

0.1 0.1 1.5

(0.05) (0.03) (0.24)

Locus of control3 (1990) Low quartile ................................... 100.0 Middle two quartiles....................... 100.0 High quartile .................................. 100.0

(†) (†) (†)

13.6 (1.91) 6.8 (0.97) 2.3 (0.60)

26.2 (1.85) 15.6 (0.98) 12.4 (1.24)

29.9 (1.82) 30.6 (1.21) 30.6 (1.73)

7.6 (0.93) 8.0 (0.59) 7.1 (1.05)

6.4 (0.84) 7.2 (0.51) 6.7 (0.76)

16.2 (1.29) 31.8 (1.16) 40.9 (1.74)

14.9 (1.26) 28.5 (1.08) 35.2 (1.60)

1.2 (0.24) 2.7 (0.33) 5.0 (0.62)

0.1 0.5 0.7

(0.05) (0.10) (0.17)

Self-concept4 (1990) Low quartile ................................... 100.0 Middle two quartiles....................... 100.0 High quartile .................................. 100.0

(†) (†) (†)

8.7 (1.08) 7.9 (1.20) 5.3 (1.20)

20.6 (1.26) 18.3 (1.16) 13.3 (1.39)

31.9 (1.51) 28.6 (1.12) 32.4 (2.26)

7.1 (0.62) 7.6 (0.59) 8.3 (1.16)

6.9 (0.72) 7.7 (0.58) 5.2 (0.66)

24.8 (1.32) 29.9 (1.19) 35.5 (1.81)

22.2 (1.26) 26.5 (1.12) 31.4 (1.66)

2.5 (0.44) 2.9 (0.30) 3.4 (0.54)

0.2 0.5 0.7

(0.08) (0.10) (0.15)

100.0 100.0

(†) 100.0 (†) (†) 1.3 (0.71)

‡ (†) 38.2 (5.06)

‡ (†) 29.1 (3.87)

‡ (†) 11.9 (2.68)

‡ (†) 12.1 (4.28)

‡ (†) 7.3 (1.78)

‡ (†) 6.0 (1.43)

(†) (†)

‡ ‡

(†) (†)

100.0 100.0

(†) (†)

# (†) 0.1 (0.08)

16.2 (0.80) 42.0 (3.00)

32.7 (0.99) 39.2 (3.14)

7.9 (0.47) 13.0 (2.35)

7.4 (0.41) 4.0 (0.95)

35.7 (1.00) 1.9 (0.52)

31.7 (0.92) 1.9 (0.52)

3.4 (0.28) ‡ (†)

0.5 ‡

(0.08) (†)

Control of school attended in 1992 Public ............................................. 100.0 Private............................................ 100.0

(†) (†)

7.9 (0.70) 3.3 (0.99)

19.0 (0.78) 3.2 (0.56)

31.0 (1.00) 25.3 (2.37)

8.0 (0.48) 4.2 (1.10)

7.0 (0.40) 4.1 (0.77)

27.2 (0.91) 60.0 (2.69)

24.2 (0.83) 52.4 (2.64)

2.6 (0.24) 6.5 (0.99)

0.4 1.1

(0.07) (0.28)

52.6 31.1 6.7 5.9

23.3 34.2 36.5 26.6

3.3 4.9 42.1 58.2

3.3 4.5 38.9 50.8

(0.79) (0.69) (1.42) (1.86)

‡ (†) 0.3 (0.18) 3.0 (0.44) 6.7 (0.67)

‡ ‡ 0.2 0.8

(†) (†) (0.08) (0.23)

58.4 (2.44)

48.4 (2.29)

7.8 (1.19)

2.2

(0.40)

High school completion timing Dropout (never completed) ............ Early (before January 1992) .......... Normal (from January 1992 through August 1992) .............. Late (after August 1992) ................

Postsecondary expectations in 1992 None .............................................. Some postsecondary ..................... Bachelor’s degree .......................... Master’s degree ............................. First-professional or doctor’s degree...................................... Type of start in postsecondary education Fall 1992 full-time 4-year................ Fall 1992 full-time public 2-year ..... Fall 1992 part-time 4-year.............. Fall 1992 part-time public 2-year ... Other enrollment ............................ Never enrolled................................ Parents’ educational attainment in 1990 No high school diploma ................. High school graduate ..................... Vocational/some college ................ Bachelor’s degree .......................... Master’s degree ............................. First-professional or doctor’s degree......................................

11.7 3.9 0.6 0.2

(0.75) (2.14) (3.23) (3.14) (3.81)

(5.67) (1.14) (0.33) (0.09)

(0.75) (2.29) (2.63) (1.33) (8.24)

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

‡ (†) ‡ (†) ‡ (†) 2.7 (2.04) 2.2 (1.36) 18.0 (1.39)

0.6 2.1 ‡ 2.8 12.4 35.4

(0.13) (0.60) (†) (2.24) (3.60) (1.34)

22.7 41.7 57.1 57.6 35.3 28.8

(1.11) (2.34) (7.33) (4.97) (4.82) (1.37)

2.2 13.4 3.7 15.1 15.3 8.8

(0.30) (1.61) (1.91) (3.78) (4.64) (0.66)

3.7 19.3 3.3 9.7 8.2 4.5

(0.43) (1.54) (1.70) (2.47) (1.67) (0.48)

70.7 23.4 31.9 12.2 26.5 4.5

(1.20) (1.79) (6.33) (3.16) (4.43) (0.47)

61.4 22.1 29.5 12.0 24.6 4.3

(1.22) (1.75) (6.17) (3.15) (4.39) (0.46)

8.0 (0.64) 1.2 (0.36) 2.4 (1.80) (†) 1.6 (0.62) 0.1 (0.06)

1.3 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.19) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

25.9 12.7 4.6 2.9 0.8

26.7 30.6 17.3 7.4 2.5

(2.51) (2.12) (0.94) (1.24) (0.74)

26.8 26.1 35.1 29.7 23.3

(2.81) (1.60) (1.20) (2.15) (2.49)

11.0 8.3 9.1 5.6 4.6

(1.77) (0.83) (0.81) (0.91) (1.18)

3.7 9.0 8.1 5.1 3.4

(0.64) (1.10) (0.60) (0.64) (0.62)

5.9 13.3 25.7 49.4 65.4

(0.99) (1.01) (1.09) (2.10) (2.50)

5.5 12.1 23.7 43.6 55.3

(0.97) (1.01) (1.08) (2.02) (2.46)

0.4 1.0 1.9 5.0 8.6

(0.17) (0.20) (0.24) (0.74) (1.39)

‡ 0.1 0.2 0.7 1.5

(†) (0.06) (0.06) (0.22) (0.39)

100.0

(†)

9.3 (2.24)

2.9

(0.78)

18.3 (4.50)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1 Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured by a composite score on parental education and occupations, and family income. 2Standardized quartile of composite of student assessments in mathematics and reading. 3 Locus of control measures whether students attribute the events that happened to them, such as performing well on a test, to being under their own control (i.e., internal locus of control) or to being under the control of others or the environment (external locus of con-

2.0 (1.20)

5.6 (0.96)

4.1 (2.00)

(0.79) (0.71) (1.48) (1.87)

‡ ‡

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1.8 (0.70)

(0.60) (0.98) (0.62) (1.01)

(0.91) (1.64) (1.10) (4.45) (2.25)

0.9 (0.42)

4.7 (0.91)

1.7 10.7 7.6 6.1

(0.98) (1.68) (1.16) (4.63) (2.35)

(†)

0.6 (0.38)

(1.43) (1.26) (0.92) (0.51)

(0.46) (0.66) (1.12) (1.37) (0.97)

100.0

28.2 (2.51)

7.4 15.2 6.5 3.0

(0.44) (1.91) (1.43) (1.62) (4.00)

(†) (†) (†) (†)

2.2 (0.44)

(4.45) (1.89) (1.47) (1.64)

7.2 12.0 8.5 5.7 6.4

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

(3.46) (1.75) (0.53) (1.35) (0.46)

(5.00) (1.82) (0.71) (0.93)

(0.85) (3.51) (2.93) (4.09) (7.29)

73.3 (4.66)

61.1 (4.47)

trol). Higher scores (highest quartile) means greater internal control and lower scores (lowest quartile) means greater external control. measures the degree to which students like and feel positively about themselves and perceive themselves as a person of worth. The NELS:88 variable is the general self-concept scale from Herbert Marsh’s Self-Description Questionnaire (SDQ) II (Marsh 1990). NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: National Center for Education Statistics, National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88/2000), “Fourth Follow-up, Student Survey, 2000.” (This table was prepared December 2005.) 4Self-concept

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 503 Outcomes

Table 307. Mean number of semester credits completed by bachelor’s degree recipients, by course area and major: 1976, 1984, and 1992–93 Course areas

Selected college major 1

Total

Business

Computer science

Education

Engineering

Mathematics

Biological sciences

Physical sciences

Social sciences and psychology

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Other 11

1972 high school seniors who completed bachelor’s degrees by 1976 Mean, all majors ..............................

124.0

7.8

1.0

9.7

2.3

7.4

7.6

9.0

30.3

48.8

Business and management ...................... Computer science..................................... Education.................................................. Engineering .............................................. English...................................................... Fine arts ................................................... Life sciences ............................................. Physical sciences ..................................... Psychology ............................................... Social sciences.........................................

124.4 133.3 126.4 134.8 117.8 124.9 122.2 122.7 119.1 120.6

41.2 6.6 0.9 1.6 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.8 2.0 3.4

2.3 33.5 0.3 2.0 0.1 0.1 0.8 1.4 0.5 0.4

0.5 0.4 40.2 0.1 7.8 6.6 1.7 0.9 5.9 3.3

0.4 5.3 — 50.0 0.1 — — 1.9 0.3 0.4

10.2 22.4 5.0 18.2 3.2 1.3 8.4 16.2 5.5 5.3

2.5 1.9 5.5 1.3 3.4 2.5 35.6 9.6 6.2 3.2

4.8 7.8 4.3 20.5 3.4 2.1 26.2 49.5 5.9 4.3

30.4 20.6 23.9 14.0 24.2 13.6 17.8 13.1 56.0 60.3

32.0 34.8 46.4 27.1 75.2 98.4 31.3 29.2 36.9 40.1

Mean, all majors ..............................

123.5

12.8

3.3

6.2

4.6

8.4

5.3

8.1

27.5

47.2

Business and management ...................... Computer science..................................... Education.................................................. Engineering .............................................. English...................................................... Fine arts ................................................... Life sciences ............................................. Physical sciences ..................................... Psychology ............................................... Social sciences.........................................

122.8 129.3 127.4 132.3 114.8 120.5 121.9 124.3 120.7 119.2

41.2 11.8 0.7 1.0 1.7 1.7 0.7 0.2 3.0 6.0

4.5 27.9 0.3 2.3 1.5 0.6 1.5 4.9 2.7 1.4

0.6 0.3 45.5 0.8 6.9 5.1 1.9 0.1 2.1 1.0

1.1 4.7 0.1 52.5 — — 0.2 2.0 — 0.5

8.9 21.3 4.4 16.2 2.2 1.7 10.1 14.1 6.5 5.4

2.2 1.8 4.4 1.1 2.1 2.7 33.5 12.9 5.8 4.4

3.9 8.5 3.8 20.2 4.7 1.5 22.6 48.7 4.2 5.1

27.5 19.0 20.8 12.3 21.4 14.1 18.1 11.6 55.2 52.0

32.7 33.9 47.3 25.9 74.4 93.1 33.3 30.0 41.2 43.3

Mean, all majors ..............................

126.5

12.8

3.0

5.7

3.2

7.3

6.0

7.6

29.5

51.7

Business and management ...................... Computer science..................................... Education.................................................. Engineering .............................................. English...................................................... Fine arts ................................................... Life sciences ............................................. Physical sciences ..................................... Psychology ............................................... Social sciences.........................................

123.9 127.6 126.8 136.9 127.5 129.6 128.9 129.1 125.3 125.5

44.4 15.7 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.1 1.1 3.8 6.2

3.9 34.3 1.5 7.0 1.0 1.3 1.4 2.7 1.2 1.2

0.9 0.4 32.6 0.6 3.0 2.2 2.1 1.1 3.6 1.8

0.1 2.4 — 57.9 0.1 0.8 1.0 2.3 0.1 0.1

7.6 15.7 5.9 16.7 4.0 3.1 8.0 15.0 5.0 4.8

2.6 1.7 4.7 1.4 3.5 2.4 33.8 7.5 4.9 2.9

3.3 6.4 4.4 19.0 3.8 2.6 23.3 49.3 4.5 5.1

23.1 17.6 24.5 12.2 22.7 19.8 20.7 16.9 53.6 55.7

37.9 33.5 51.6 20.8 87.5 95.7 37.5 33.2 48.6 47.6

Mean, all majors ..............................

132.2

14.6

3.7

7.2

5.4

8.3

6.0

7.8

27.3

52.0

Business and management ...................... Computer science..................................... Education.................................................. Engineering .............................................. English...................................................... Fine arts ................................................... Life sciences ............................................. Physical sciences ..................................... Psychology ............................................... Social sciences.........................................

129.5 137.0 135.9 142.1 128.8 133.4 132.5 137.8 129.0 127.9

46.8 17.4 2.2 2.1 2.9 2.7 1.7 2.6 4.0 6.2

4.7 37.1 1.5 7.1 1.4 2.0 1.6 2.9 1.4 1.4

0.9 0.4 40.1 0.3 4.6 3.2 2.9 1.9 4.2 2.3

0.7 5.0 0.3 61.3 0.1 0.9 0.9 4.0 0.3 0.3

8.8 16.7 6.3 17.8 4.3 3.7 8.7 15.5 5.5 5.6

2.8 2.5 5.4 1.3 3.5 2.5 34.8 8.2 5.1 3.3

3.6 7.5 5.0 18.1 4.2 4.2 22.3 50.6 4.2 5.4

23.6 17.3 24.7 11.4 23.2 19.3 21.3 18.2 52.4 54.8

37.6 33.0 50.5 22.8 84.5 94.7 38.2 33.9 52.0 48.6

1980 high school seniors who completed bachelor’s degrees by 1984

1988–89 high school graduates who completed bachelor’s degrees by 1992–93

All bachelor’s degree recipients of 1992–93

—Not available. NOTE: All majors total includes fields not shown separately. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Longitudinal Study of 1972, “Third Follow-up” (NLS:72/76); High School and Beyond Longitudinal Study (HS&B-Sr:80/84); and Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B:93). (This table was prepared January 1999.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

504 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Outcomes

Table 308. Percentage of degree-granting institutions with first-year undergraduates using various selection criteria for admission, by type and control of institution: Selected years, 2000–01 through 2004–05 All institutions

Public institutions

Private institutions Not-for-profit

Selection criteria 1

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2

3

4

5

6

For-profit

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Number of institutions with first-year undergraduates 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05....................................................

3,717 3,796 3,861 3,835

2,034 2,105 2,158 2,158

1,683 1,691 1,703 1,677

1,647 1,655 1,665 1,644

580 577 580 584

1,067 1,078 1,085 1,060

2,070 2,141 2,196 2,191

1,454 1,528 1,578 1,574

616 613 618 617

1,383 1,392 1,383 1,355

1,247 1,268 1,265 1,245

136 124 118 110

687 749 813 836

207 260 313 329

480 489 500 507

Percent of institutions Open admissions 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05....................................................

40.2 43.3 43.6 44.0

12.9 16.2 16.9 17.1

73.2 76.9 77.3 78.1

63.8 66.5 66.5 65.2

12.1 12.5 12.9 13.3

91.9 95.4 95.2 93.0

21.4 25.3 26.1 27.9

13.3 17.7 18.4 18.4

40.7 44.4 46.0 51.9

14.0 14.6 14.5 14.7

11.7 12.5 12.6 12.6

34.6 36.3 33.9 37.3

36.5 45.3 46.0 50.3

22.7 43.1 41.5 42.2

42.5 46.4 48.8 55.4

Some admission requirements1 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05....................................................

58.4 55.4 55.2 54.2

85.8 82.5 82.1 82.3

25.1 21.6 21.1 18.7

35.4 33.2 33.1 33.3

87.4 87.0 86.6 87.2

7.1 4.5 4.5 4.5

76.6 72.5 72.0 70.1

85.2 80.8 80.5 80.5

56.3 51.9 50.3 43.5

84.5 84.0 84.5 82.8

86.8 86.1 86.4 85.5

63.2 62.1 64.4 54.2

60.7 51.1 50.7 48.5

75.4 54.6 56.5 60.4

54.4 49.3 47.0 41.0

34.6 34.3 33.9 34.2

58.7 58.1 57.0 57.7

5.5 4.8 4.5 4.3

23.9 24.2 24.6 25.1

63.4 65.5 66.6 68.3

2.4 2.1 2.1 2.0

43.0 42.1 40.9 41.0

56.7 55.2 53.5 53.9

10.7 9.5 8.6 8.3

60.1 61.4 61.5 61.0

64.1 64.6 64.7 64.5

23.5 28.2 27.1 23.7

8.7 6.4 5.9 7.0

12.6 9.6 8.6 10.9

7.1 4.7 4.2 4.6

13.7 12.5 11.8 11.6

24.3 21.9 20.5 20.2

1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7

10.9 10.5 10.3 10.5

30.3 29.8 29.3 29.8

0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

16.0 14.0 12.8 12.4

21.9 18.9 17.2 16.7

2.3 1.6 1.6 1.6

23.2 21.0 19.8 19.2

25.1 22.6 21.1 20.4

5.9 5.6 5.9 5.9

1.6 0.8 1.0 1.0

2.4 1.2 1.6 1.6

1.3 0.6 0.6 0.6

45.8 48.3 48.6 48.3

70.3 73.1 73.4 74.3

16.2 17.4 17.3 15.3

29.4 29.2 29.5 30.0

72.9 75.7 77.1 78.3

5.8 4.4 4.1 4.2

58.7 63.0 63.1 62.1

69.2 72.1 72.1 72.8

34.1 40.3 40.3 34.6

73.2 76.4 77.2 76.4

75.5 78.3 78.9 78.8

52.2 57.3 59.3 50.8

29.5 38.1 39.1 37.6

30.9 41.9 44.4 48.6

29.0 36.0 35.8 30.8

15.5 15.7 15.5 15.6

27.3 27.6 27.2 27.4

1.2 0.8 0.8 0.6

16.2 17.3 17.5 17.3

44.0 47.8 48.4 48.1

1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8

14.9 14.4 14.0 14.3

20.7 20.0 19.3 19.8

1.3 0.5 0.5 0.3

22.1 22.1 22.2 22.6

24.1 24.1 24.0 24.6

4.4 2.4 2.5 1.7

0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2

0.5 0.4 0.3 0.6

0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Recommendations 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05....................................................

20.4 20.0 19.7 19.2

34.4 33.8 33.0 32.5

3.5 2.9 2.8 2.3

2.7 3.1 2.8 2.9

7.4 8.5 7.6 7.9

0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

34.4 33.1 32.5 31.6

45.1 43.4 42.4 41.6

9.3 7.5 7.1 6.1

46.6 48.4 49.2 47.9

49.2 51.1 51.8 50.7

22.8 21.0 22.0 18.6

10.0 4.7 3.9 3.8

20.8 5.8 4.5 4.8

5.4 4.1 3.6 3.2

Demonstration of competencies2 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05....................................................

8.0 7.0 7.1 6.9

12.1 9.5 9.5 9.5

3.0 3.8 4.1 3.5

2.2 2.5 2.2 2.2

5.0 6.8 5.7 5.9

0.7 0.3 0.3 0.3

12.7 10.4 10.9 10.4

15.0 10.5 11.0 10.9

7.1 10.1 10.7 9.1

12.1 9.8 10.1 9.7

12.7 10.2 10.3 9.9

7.4 5.6 8.5 7.6

13.7 11.6 12.2 11.6

29.0 12.3 13.7 15.0

7.1 11.2 11.2 9.4

47.2 43.3 43.3 39.7

72.5 69.1 68.5 65.0

16.7 11.2 11.4 7.7

33.2 31.5 31.3 31.4

83.4 83.5 83.1 83.4

5.8 3.7 3.6 3.6

58.5 52.5 52.4 46.0

68.2 63.7 63.1 58.2

35.6 24.5 25.1 14.9

70.3 67.2 68.4 66.5

73.4 71.3 71.5 70.3

41.9 25.0 34.7 26.3

34.6 25.1 25.2 11.2

36.7 26.5 29.1 9.6

33.8 24.3 22.8 12.2

43.4 42.4 42.5 42.0

71.2 69.2 69.3 69.3

9.9 8.9 8.5 7.4

30.2 30.0 30.2 30.5

77.4 79.0 79.5 80.0

4.6 3.7 3.9 4.0

54.0 51.9 51.8 50.8

68.7 65.5 65.6 65.4

19.2 18.1 16.7 13.4

66.2 66.8 67.3 66.4

70.1 70.3 70.8 70.2

30.9 31.5 29.7 26.3

29.3 24.3 25.5 24.1

60.4 42.3 44.4 46.0

15.8 14.7 13.6 10.4

1.4 1.4 1.2 1.1

1.2 1.3 1.0 0.6

1.7 1.5 1.5 1.7

0.8 0.3 0.4 0.2

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2

0.9 0.2 0.3 0.2

1.9 2.2 1.9 1.8

1.5 1.6 1.1 0.8

2.9 3.8 3.7 4.4

1.5 1.4 1.0 0.5

1.4 1.4 0.9 0.4

2.2 1.6 1.7 1.7

2.8 3.6 3.3 4.1

1.9 2.3 1.9 2.6

3.1 4.3 4.2 5.0

Secondary grades 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05.................................................... Secondary class rank 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05.................................................... Secondary school record 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05.................................................... College preparatory program 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05....................................................

Test scores3 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05.................................................... TOEFL4 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05.................................................... No admission requirements, only recommendations 2000–01.................................................... 2002–03.................................................... 2003–04.................................................... 2004–05....................................................

1Many institutions have more than one admission requirement. 2Formal demonstration of competencies (e.g. portfolios, certificates

ment instruments). 3Includes SAT, ACT, or other admission tests. 4Test of English as a Foreign Language.

of mastery, assess-

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2000–01 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 505 Outcomes _

Table 309. Percentage of degree-granting institutions offering remedial services, by type and control of institution: 1989–90 through 2004–05 Change in percentage points Type and control of institution 1

1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99

1989–90 1997–98 to to 1999– 2000 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 1996–97 2004–05

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

All institutions ...........

76.6

77.7

78.6

78.5

79.0

79.8

79.5

80.0

76.7

76.1

76.1

75.1

73.3

72.5

72.1

72.6

3.4

-4.1

All 4-year colleges ..............

69.6

70.6

71.4

71.5

72.2

73.6

73.0

73.1

72.5

72.0

71.6

71.4

69.0

67.6

67.1

67.4

3.5

-5.0

All 2-year colleges ..............

87.2

88.4

89.2

88.8

89.5

89.1

89.4

91.0

82.2

81.5

82.2

80.4

79.5

79.5

79.7

80.3

3.8

-1.9

Public institutions................ 4-year colleges............... 2-year colleges...............

92.4 82.9 98.2

93.0 83.5 98.9

93.9 84.5 99.6

93.5 84.5 98.8

93.5 84.6 98.7

93.7 85.3 98.6

93.7 85.4 98.6

94.0 85.1 99.2

93.8 85.2 98.7

93.6 84.2 99.0

93.5 83.6 99.2

93.1 81.7 99.7

92.3 79.9 99.4

91.7 78.4 99.4

91.3 77.3 99.5

90.6 75.6 99.6

1.6 2.2 1.0

-3.3 -9.6 0.9

Private institutions .............. 4-year colleges............... 2-year colleges...............

64.1 64.5 63.0

65.6 65.6 65.5

66.3 66.4 65.8

66.4 66.5 65.8

67.4 67.5 67.0

68.6 69.2 66.6

68.0 68.4 66.3

68.6 68.6 68.4

64.2 67.8 55.1

63.6 67.7 52.8

63.9 67.4 54.4

62.8 67.9 48.8

60.2 65.3 45.0

59.0 63.9 44.8

59.0 63.7 44.8

60.4 64.7 47.4

4.4 4.1 5.4

-3.8 -3.2 -7.6

Not-for-profit................... 4-year colleges............ 2-year colleges............

65.0 64.2 71.8

65.6 64.9 71.3

66.2 65.8 69.9

66.7 66.2 71.5

67.7 67.0 73.5

69.3 68.7 74.0

68.9 68.3 73.3

69.2 68.3 77.3

69.0 68.3 75.4

68.6 68.3 71.6

69.2 68.5 76.7

67.6 67.0 73.6

66.1 65.5 72.6

65.4 64.7 74.0

65.0 64.0 77.1

63.1 62.5 71.4

4.2 4.1 5.6

-5.9 -5.8 -4.0

For-profit ........................ 4-year colleges............ 2-year colleges............

59.5 71.7 57.0

65.6 81.3 62.0

66.6 79.2 63.2

64.6 73.7 62.0

65.6 76.3 62.1

65.2 76.0 60.8

63.5 69.2 60.5

65.2 72.7 60.8

51.7 63.9 47.5

51.1 63.4 46.2

51.5 60.1 47.7

52.7 72.9 41.8

48.0 64.5 37.3

45.6 59.6 37.2

47.4 62.0 37.3

55.4 73.7 42.2

5.7 1.0 3.8

3.7 9.9 -5.4

NOTE: Data for 1989–90 to 1996–97 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and

excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1989–90 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Institutional Characteristics Survey” (IPEDS-IC:89–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 310. Percentage distribution of enrollment and completion status of first-time postsecondary students starting during the 1995–96 academic year, by type of institution and other student characteristics: 2001 Students starting in 2-year institutions

Students starting in 4-year institutions

Highest degree attained Total, any degree1

Student and institution characteristic

Certificate

2

1

Highest degree attained

3

No degree, still enrolled

Bachelor’s2

Associate’s 4

5

No degree, not enrolled

6

Total, any degree1

7

Certificate

8

Associate’s

9

Bachelor’s2

10

No degree, still enrolled

11

No degree, not enrolled

12

13

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total..................................................

38.4

(1.7)

11.5

(1.2)

17.3

(1.3)

9.7

(1.1)

16.4

(1.4)

45.2

(1.6)

65.1

(1.0)

2.7

(0.3)

4.0

(0.4)

58.4

(1.2)

14.4

(0.6)

20.5

(0.8)

Male.......................................................... Female......................................................

39.2 37.7

(2.4) (2.2)

10.8 12.0

(1.6) (1.6)

18.7 15.9

(1.9) (1.7)

9.7 9.8

(1.5) (1.4)

18.0 14.9

(2.2) (1.7)

42.8 47.4

(2.4) (2.2)

60.6 68.7

(1.4) (1.3)

2.5 2.9

(0.4) (0.3)

3.6 4.3

(0.6) (0.5)

54.6 61.6

(1.5) (1.4)

16.2 12.9

(0.9) (0.8)

23.2 18.4

(1.1) (1.0)

Age when first enrolled 18 years or younger .............................. 19 years ................................................ 20 to 23 years ....................................... 24 to 29 years ....................................... 30 years or over ....................................

43.8 38.2 29.9 36.5 30.6

(2.3) (4.1) (4.2) (4.8) (5.5)

7.3 8.2 13.1 25.6 14.1

(1.2) (2.0) (3.0) (4.6) (3.8)

19.4 24.3 13.0 8.4 14.5

(2.0) (4.0) (3.4) (2.2) (3.3)

17.0 5.7 3.7 2.5 2.0

(1.9) (2.2) (1.6) (1.5) (1.5)

17.8 20.9 20.1 11.0 8.7

(2.1) (3.6) (4.2) (3.5) (2.4)

38.4 40.9 50.0 52.6 60.7

(2.1) (4.0) (4.8) (5.1) (5.8)

70.0 57.1 37.7 34.4 26.1

(1.0) (2.8) (3.8) (5.5) (4.3)

1.8 3.3 8.7 4.3 11.5

(0.2) (0.9) (2.1) (1.8) (3.5)

3.4 6.0 6.7 7.2 4.3

(0.4) (1.3) (2.1) (3.5) (1.6)

64.7 47.9 22.3 23.0 10.3

(1.1) (2.9) (3.0) (4.7) (2.8)

13.4 16.4 20.9 22.7 17.0

(0.6) (2.0) (3.0) (5.8) (4.2)

16.6 26.6 41.4 42.9 56.9

(0.7) (2.3) (3.6) (6.3) (5.1)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic.............................. Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............................ American Indian/Alaska Native.............

40.5 28.4 34.3 41.9 ‡

(2.0) (4.2) (4.8) (9.2) (†)

10.9 16.7 11.1 11.6 ‡

(1.3) (4.0) (3.2) (6.4) (†)

18.2 8.5 17.8 23.0 ‡

(1.5) (2.3) (3.2) (8.2) (†)

11.4 3.2 5.5 7.4 ‡

(1.6) (1.3) (2.3) (3.7) (†)

16.5 13.3 18.1 21.2 ‡

(1.7) (2.9) (3.3) (7.7) (†)

43.0 58.3 47.6 36.9 ‡

(2.0) (4.3) (4.8) (8.7) (†)

68.1 51.3 53.9 71.3 55.4

(1.1) (2.6) (2.3) (3.1) (10.6)

2.4 4.6 3.1 0.2 ‡

(0.3) (1.0) (0.7) (0.2) (†)

3.8 3.2 6.8 2.0 3.7

(0.4) (0.8) (1.7) (0.8) (3.7)

61.9 43.4 44.0 69.1 51.7

(1.3) (2.8) (2.4) (3.1) (10.7)

12.5 20.6 20.4 13.9 26.1

(0.7) (2.3) (1.8) (2.3) (8.4)

19.4 28.2 25.7 14.8 18.5

(0.9) (2.2) (2.1) (2.4) (6.8)

Highest education level of parents High school diploma or less.................. Some postsecondary ............................ Bachelor’s degree ................................. Advanced degree..................................

36.5 32.8 47.7 45.4

(2.3) (3.3) (4.2) (6.0)

13.5 10.1 9.1 3.1

(1.8) (2.1) (2.3) (2.0)

17.0 14.3 22.4 17.2

(1.9) (2.6) (3.7) (4.4)

6.0 8.4 16.2 25.2

(1.2) (2.0) (3.2) (5.5)

12.4 19.0 18.8 25.2

(1.6) (2.8) (3.5) (5.4)

51.1 48.2 33.5 29.4

(2.4) (2.9) (3.9) (6.0)

52.0 59.5 72.1 76.5

(1.6) (1.9) (1.5) (1.7)

4.1 3.1 1.8 1.2

(0.6) (0.7) (0.4) (0.3)

4.8 5.4 4.0 1.4

(0.6) (1.1) (0.6) (0.3)

43.1 50.9 66.3 73.9

(1.6) (2.1) (1.5) (1.7)

16.5 16.4 13.4 11.7

(1.3) (1.4) (1.1) (1.2)

31.5 24.2 14.5 11.8

(1.5) (1.6) (1.1) (1.2)

Dependency status when first enrolled Dependent ............................................ Independent..........................................

42.1 32.9

(2.2) (3.1)

8.2 17.6

(1.2) (2.4)

20.1 12.3

(1.8) (1.9)

13.8 3.0

(1.7) (0.9)

18.3 13.8

(1.9) (2.4)

39.6 53.4

(2.1) (3.5)

68.0 35.9

(1.0) (2.9)

2.1 8.8

(0.2) (1.7)

3.6 6.4

(0.4) (1.6)

62.1 20.6

(1.2) (2.3)

14.0 19.1

(0.6) (2.5)

18.1 45.0

(0.7) (3.2)

Dependent student family income in 1994 Less than $25,000 ................................ $25,000 to $44,999............................... $45,000 to $69,999............................... $70,000 or more ...................................

43.0 41.2 40.2 44.7

(3.8) (4.5) (3.8) (5.5)

10.9 10.5 5.3 4.5

(2.6) (2.3) (1.8) (1.8)

24.5 16.4 22.1 15.8

(3.4) (2.9) (3.2) (3.6)

7.6 14.3 12.8 24.4

(2.1) (2.7) (2.5) (4.5)

14.3 19.1 19.3 22.1

(2.6) (3.0) (3.5) (4.2)

42.7 39.6 40.5 33.2

(3.5) (3.6) (4.0) (4.8)

58.8 61.7 69.1 77.4

(1.8) (1.7) (1.6) (1.3)

3.4 2.3 1.7 1.6

(0.7) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4)

5.1 4.4 3.7 2.0

(1.0) (0.8) (0.7) (0.4)

50.3 55.0 63.6 73.8

(2.1) (1.7) (1.7) (1.5)

18.6 15.1 13.2 10.7

(1.5) (1.3) (1.0) (1.0)

22.6 23.1 17.7 11.9

(1.5) (1.4) (1.3) (0.9)

Timing of postsecondary enrollment Did not delay3 ....................................... Delayed entry........................................

43.9 32.8

(2.3) (2.7)

7.0 15.6

(1.1) (2.0)

20.9 13.7

(2.0) (1.8)

15.9 3.5

(1.8) (1.0)

18.4 14.9

(2.0) (2.0)

37.7 52.3

(2.1) (2.8)

69.2 45.0

(1.0) (2.2)

1.9 6.6

(0.2) (1.0)

3.3 7.0

(0.4) (1.3)

64.0 31.4

(1.1) (2.1)

13.7 18.0

(0.6) (1.6)

17.1 37.0

(0.7) (2.2)

Attendance status when first enrolled Full-time ................................................ Part-time ...............................................

47.3 29.5

(2.4) (3.2)

10.2 13.9

(1.4) (2.7)

21.3 12.2

(1.9) (2.3)

15.8 3.4

(2.1) (1.0)

15.9 15.6

(2.0) (2.4)

36.8 54.9

(2.3) (3.4)

69.3 33.4

(1.0) (3.2)

1.9 7.3

(0.2) (2.0)

4.0 2.1

(0.4) (0.8)

63.3 23.9

(1.2) (3.3)

12.7 27.3

(0.6) (3.0)

18.0 39.3

(0.8) (3.4)

Intensity of enrollment through 2001 Always part-time ................................... Mixed .................................................... Always full-time .....................................

13.2 42.3 49.5

(2.9) (2.5) (3.2)

11.5 12.6 9.3

(2.8) (1.7) (1.4)

1.7 20.8 22.0

(0.8) (2.0) (2.8)

# 8.9 18.1

(†) (1.3) (3.1)

13.3 21.7 9.1

(3.0) (2.1) (1.8)

73.4 36.0 41.4

(3.8) (2.2) (3.1)

10.3 51.7 74.2

(2.9) (1.5) (1.1)

9.7 4.4 1.5

(2.9) (0.6) (0.2)

0.6 5.5 3.3

(0.6) (0.6) (0.5)

# 41.8 69.4

(†) (1.6) (1.2)

12.9 26.6 8.1

(3.8) (1.3) (0.6)

76.8 21.7 17.8

(4.1) (1.1) (0.9)

45.2 40.9 40.3

(5.1) (2.3) (3.7)

38.4 8.7 6.0

(5.3) (1.3) (1.9)

6.2 24.7 11.7

(2.3) (2.1) (2.4)

0.7 7.5 22.6

(0.4) (1.4) (3.3)

6.8 15.6 21.9

(2.5) (2.0) (3.5)

48.0 43.5 37.8

(4.8) (2.3) (3.4)

37.7 52.6 67.6

(7.0) (4.2) (1.0)

16.1 7.3 2.1

(6.2) (2.4) (0.3)

14.2 24.7 2.7

(7.5) (3.7) (0.3)

7.5 20.7 62.9

(3.0) (3.3) (1.1)

19.4 8.9 14.2

(6.5) (2.3) (0.6)

42.8 38.5 18.2

(6.7) (4.2) (0.7)

Degree goal at first institution Certificate ............................................. Associate’s degree................................ Bachelor’s degree ................................. See notes at end of table.

4

4

4

4

4

4

506 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Outcomes

_

Table 310. Percentage distribution of enrollment and completion status of first-time postsecondary students starting during the 1995–96 academic year, by type of institution and other student characteristics: 2001—Continued Students starting in 2-year institutions

Students starting in 4-year institutions

Highest degree attained Student and institution characteristic

Highest degree attained

Total, any degree1

Certificate

Associate’s

2

3

4

Bachelor’s2

No degree, still enrolled

No degree, not enrolled

Total, any degree1

Certificate

Associate’s

Bachelor’s2

No degree, still enrolled

No degree, not enrolled

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1 Worked while enrolled 1995–96 Did not work.......................................... Worked part time .................................. Worked full time ....................................

43.0 44.7 27.2

(3.0) (2.6) (2.6)

13.9 8.5 14.3

(2.3) (1.5) (2.2)

21.5 20.9 9.6

(2.8) (2.1) (1.5)

7.6 15.2 3.4

(1.9) (2.0) (0.9)

10.4 18.4 17.0

(2.5) (2.4) (2.5)

46.6 36.9 55.8

(3.1) (2.3) (2.9)

71.1 65.0 41.7

(1.3) (1.3) (2.6)

2.0 2.3 7.1

(0.4) (0.4) (1.3)

3.7 4.0 4.2

(0.7) (0.4) (1.1)

65.3 58.6 30.5

(1.6) (1.4) (2.5)

11.9 14.7 21.7

(0.8) (0.8) (2.2)

17.0 20.3 36.6

(1.1) (1.0) (2.5)

Control of first institution Public .................................................... Private, not for profit.............................. Private, for profit....................................

36.7 58.9 55.6

(1.8) (5.4) (3.2)

10.1 19.3 27.8

(1.3) (4.6) (3.9)

16.4 27.8 25.8

(1.4) (3.9) (3.9)

10.3 11.8 2.0

(1.3) (3.3) (0.8)

17.4 8.4 4.3

(1.6) (2.4) (1.2)

45.9 32.7 40.0

(1.7) (4.6) (3.4)

60.5 73.6 52.8

(1.2) (1.7) (10.5)

2.8 1.8 17.9

(0.3) (0.3) (7.2)

4.4 2.8 14.9

(0.6) (0.5) (6.0)

53.3 68.9 20.0

(1.4) (2.0) (5.1)

17.4 9.3 11.1

(0.8) (0.8) (3.1)

22.2 17.1 36.1

(1.0) (1.3) (8.6)

Socioeconomic status in 1995–965 Not disadvantaged ................................ Minimally disadvantaged....................... Moderately or highly disadvantaged .....

41.7 33.9 43.7

(2.8) (2.4) (3.6)

8.9 12.8 14.6

(1.8) (1.7) (3.0)

18.1 14.9 21.6

(2.1) (1.8) (3.4)

14.6 6.2 7.5

(2.0) (1.4) (1.9)

20.4 13.1 14.5

(2.7) (1.6) (2.7)

38.0 53.0 41.8

(2.7) (2.7) (3.7)

71.4 59.8 47.1

(1.1) (1.6) (2.0)

2.0 3.7 3.7

(0.3) (0.6) (0.8)

3.3 5.4 3.8

(0.4) (0.7) (0.8)

66.1 50.8 39.6

(1.3) (1.7) (2.1)

12.3 16.4 19.5

(0.7) (1.2) (1.9)

16.3 23.8 33.4

(0.8) (1.3) (2.1)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Includes a small percentage of students who had attained a degree and were still enrolled. Includes recipients of degrees not shown separately. 2Includes a small percentage of students who had attained an advanced degree. 3Includes students with a standard high school diploma who enrolled in postsecondary education in the same year as their graduation.

4Includes 5

students whose goal was to transfer to a 4-year institution. Determined by a socioeconomic diversity index that includes parental income as a percentage of the 1994 federal poverty level, parental education, and the proportion of the student body at the student’s high school that was eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. NOTE: Data reflect completion and enrollment status by spring 2001 of first-time postsecondary students starting in academic year 1995–96. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1996/01 Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study (BPS:96/01). (This table was prepared August 2003.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 507 Outcomes

Subject matter tests

Academic year ending

GRE takers as a percent Number of of bachelor’s GRE takers degrees1

1

Verbal

Quantitative

Analytical reasoning

4

5

6

Biochemistry, cell and Analytical molecular writing biology

Computer science

Education

Engineering

9

10

11

12

13

Literature Mathematics

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

93,792 123,960 151,134 182,432 206,113

18.7 23.8 27.0 28.8 28.3

530 520 519 520 515

(124) (124) (125) (124) (124)

533 528 528 527 524

(137) (133) (134) (135) (132)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

617 610 613 614 613

(117) (115) (114) (114) (112)

628 618 615 617 613

(114) (110) (104) (104) (104)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

481 474 476 478 477

(86) (87) (90) (87) (88)

618 609 603 601 591

(108) (106) (104) (105) (103)

591 588 582 572 569

(95) (94) (91) (91) (89)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

556 552 553 547 543

(91) (91) (93) (93) (89)

1970.................................. 1971.................................. 1972.................................. 1973.................................. 1974..................................

265,359 293,600 293,506 290,104 301,070

33.5 35.0 33.1 31.5 31.8

503 497 494 497 492

(123) (125) (126) (125) (126)

516 512 508 512 509

(132) (134) (136) (135) (137)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

603 603 606 619 624

(111) (114) (115) (110) (110)

613 618 624 630 634

(113) (117) (124) (114) (115)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

462 457 446 459 452

(92) (95) (93) (96) (93)

586 587 594 593 591

(110) (115) (119) (114) (121)

556 546 544 545 547

(90) (91) (96) (96) (99)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

532 530 528 529 530

(91) (92) (92) (92) (95)

1975.................................. 1976.................................. 1977.................................. 1978.................................. 1979..................................

298,335 299,292 287,715 286,383 282,482

32.3 32.3 31.3 31.1 30.7

493 492 490 484 476

(125) (127) (129) (128) (130)

508 510 514 518 517

(137) (138) (139) (135) (135)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— 627 625 622 621

(†) (112) (113) (113) (117)

— 627 630 624 623

(†) (107) (109) (108) (104)

† — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— 454 453 452 451

(†) (93) (93) (91) (89)

— 594 592 594 592

(†) (119) (115) (114) (115)

— 539 532 530 525

(†) (101) (101) (102) (102)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— 531 532 529 530

(†) (93) (95) (97) (97)

1980.................................. 1981.................................. 1982.................................. 1983.................................. 1984..................................

272,281 262,855 256,381 263,674 265,221

29.3 28.1 26.9 27.2 27.2

474 473 469 473 475

(131) (128) (130) (131) (130)

522 523 533 541 541

(136) (136) (137) (138) (139)

† (†) † (†) 498 (126) 504 (128) 512 (129)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

619 617 616 623 622

(115) (115) (114) (115) (115)

618 615 616 620 619

(105) (103) (105) (105) (102)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

449 453 456 459 461

(90) (90) (89) (90) (90)

590 590 593 599 604

(116) (116) (115) (114) (114)

521 (105) 520 (99) 521 (100) 527 (98) 530 (97)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

534 532 532 542 543

(98) (97) (97) (95) (96)

1985.................................. 1986.................................. 1987.................................. 1988.................................. 1989..................................

271,972 279,428 293,560 303,703 326,096

27.8 28.3 29.6 30.5 32.0

474 475 477 483 484

(126) (126) (126) (123) (125)

545 552 550 557 560

(140) (140) (140) (140) (142)

516 520 521 528 530

(129) (129) (128) (128) (129)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

619 612 616 615 612

(114) (114) (116) (114) (114)

621 628 629 631 642

(101) (106) (104) (108) (117)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

459 464 465 467 465

(89) (87) (86) (85) (87)

615 616 619 622 626

(120) (119) (119) (120) (116)

531 527 526 525 528

(95) (96) (95) (94) (91)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

541 542 536 537 538

(95) (97) (95) (94) (95)

1990.................................. 1991.................................. 1992.................................. 1993.................................. 1994..................................

344,572 379,882 411,528 400,246 2 399,395

32.8 34.7 36.2 34.4 34.2

486 485 483 481 479

(123) (122) (120) (117) (116)

562 562 561 557 553

(143) (141) (140) (140) (139)

534 536 537 541 545

(128) (129) (129) (129) (129)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

† — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

612 609 605 606 620

(114) (113) (113) (114) (116)

662 660 654 662 627

(123) (123) (128) (133) (113)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

461 (84) 457 (85) 462 (82) 462 (80) 3 493 (104)

617 611 610 602 601

(111) (111) (117) (115) (115)

523 523 525 516 517

(92) (93) (92) (94) (95)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

537 535 536 536 538

(95) (95) (95) (97) (96)

1995.................................. 1996.................................. 1997.................................. 1998.................................. 19994 ................................

2

33.6 32.3 32.1 30.8 33.0

477 473 472 471 468

(115) (114) (113) (113) (114)

553 558 562 569 565

(140) (139) (139) (141) (143)

544 549 548 543 542

(131) (131) (129) (133) (133)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

622 614 620 628 626

(116) (114) (115) (113) (114)

675 678 684 686 684

(138) (135) (143) (137) (137)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

3

596 604 602 609 604

(113) (119) (114) (118) (115)

513 (96) 512 (97) 525 (100) 530 (100) 527 (100)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

544 547 554 563 559

(98) (99) (99) (100) (99)

See notes at end of table.

488 489 3 487 3 477 †

(102) (104) (103) (100) (†)

15

Psychology

1965.................................. 1966.................................. 1967.................................. 1968.................................. 1969..................................

3

14

Physics

3

389,539 376,013 2 376,062 2 364,554 396,330

8

Chemistry

2

2

7

Biology

16

17

508 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Outcomes

Table 311. Scores on Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and subject matter tests: 1965 through 2004

Table 311. Scores on Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and subject matter tests: 1965 through 2004—Continued Subject matter tests

Academic year ending 1 20004 ................................ 2001.................................. 2002.................................. 20035 ................................ 20045 ................................

GRE takers as a percent Number of of bachelor’s GRE takers degrees1

Verbal

Quantitative

Analytical reasoning

Biochemistry, cell and Analytical molecular writing biology

Biology

Chemistry

Computer science

Education

Engineering

11

12

13

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

340,785 384,205 507,216 563,787 491,066

27.5 — 39.3 41.8 35.1

465 (116) — (†) 473 (123) 470 (120) — (†)

578 (147) — (†) 597 (151) 593 (147) — (†)

562 (141) — (†) 571 (139) † (†) † (†)

† (†) † (†) † (†) 4.2 (0.96) — (†)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 517 (100) 517 (101)

629 (114) — (†) — (†) 635 (114) 643 (115)

686 (133) — (†) — (†) 682 (125) 675 (120)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1GRE takers include examinees from inside and outside of the United States, while the bachelor’s degree recipients include U.S. institutions only. 2Total includes examinees who received no score on one or more general test measures. 3Data reported for 1994 through 1998 are from the revised education test. 4Subject test score data reflect the three-year average for all examinees who tested between October 1 three years prior to the reported test year and September 30 of the reported test year. These data are not directly comparable with data for most other years. 5Subject test score data reflect the three-year average for all examinees who tested between July 1 three years prior to the reported test year and June 30 of the reported test year. These data are not directly comparable with previous years, except for 1999 and 2000. NOTE: GRE data include test takers from both within and outside of the United States. GRE scores for the verbal, quantitative, and analytical reasoning sections range from 200 to 800. Scores for the analytical writing section range from 0 to 6, in

— — — 712 715

(†) (†) (†) (97) (93)

† † † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — † † †

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

Literature Mathematics

530 — — 538 537

Physics

Psychology

14

15

16

17

(99) (†) (†) (98) (97)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 620 (131) 621 (130)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 669 (151) 665 (148)

563 — — 580 586

(98) (†) (†) (101) (101)

half-point increments. The range of scores is different for the various subject tests, from as low as 200 to as high as 990. The analytical reasoning section of the GRE, a multiple-choice test, was discontinued in September 2002, and replaced by the analytical writing section, an essay-based test. The education subject test was administered for the final time in April 1998. The engineering subject test was administered for the final time in April 2001. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Standard deviations appear in parentheses. SOURCE: Graduate Record Examination Board, Examinee and Score Trends for the GRE General Test, 1964–65 through 1985–86; A Summary of Data Collected From Graduate Record Examinations Test-Takers During 1986–87; Guide to the Use of Scores, 1987–88 through 2001–02; Sex, Race, Ethnicity, and Performance on the GRE General Test, 2000–01 through 2001–02; Factors That Can Influence Performance on the GRE General Test, 2003; GRE Volumes by Country 2000–04, 2005; and unpublished tabulations. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred” surveys, 1964–65 through 1985–86, and 1986–87 through 2003–04; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), “Completions Survey” (IPEDSC:87–99), and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 509 Outcomes

Total tuition, room, and board

Year and control of institution 1

Tuition and required fees (in-state)

4-year institutions

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

4-year institutions

2-year

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

Board (7-day basis)1

Dormitory rooms 4-year institutions

2-year

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

4-year institutions

2-year

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

2-year

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

All institutions 1976–77..................................... 1977–78..................................... 1978–79..................................... 1979–80..................................... 1980–81.....................................

$2,275 2,411 2,587 2,809 3,101

$2,577 2,725 2,917 3,167 3,499

$2,647 2,777 2,967 3,223 3,535

$2,527 2,685 2,879 3,124 3,469

$1,598 1,703 1,828 1,979 2,230

$924 984 1,073 1,163 1,289

$1,218 1,291 1,397 1,513 1,679

$1,210 1,269 1,370 1,484 1,634

$1,223 1,305 1,413 1,530 1,705

$346 378 411 451 526

$603 645 688 751 836

$611 654 696 759 846

$649 691 737 803 881

$584 628 667 729 821

$503 525 575 628 705

$748 781 826 895 976

$748 780 825 895 975

$788 818 860 936 1,020

$719 752 800 865 943

$750 801 842 900 1,000

1981–82..................................... 1982–83..................................... 1983–84..................................... 1984–85..................................... 1985–862 ...................................

3,489 3,877 4,167 4,563 4,885

3,951 4,406 4,747 5,160 5,504

4,005 4,466 4,793 5,236 5,597

3,908 4,356 4,712 5,107 5,441

2,476 2,713 2,854 3,179 3,367

1,457 1,626 1,783 1,985 2,181

1,907 2,139 2,344 2,567 2,784

1,860 2,081 2,300 2,539 2,770

1,935 2,173 2,368 2,583 2,793

590 675 730 821 888

950 1,064 1,145 1,267 1,338

961 1,078 1,162 1,282 1,355

1,023 1,150 1,211 1,343 1,424

919 1,028 1,130 1,242 1,309

793 873 916 1,058 1,107

1,083 1,187 1,239 1,310 1,365

1,082 1,189 1,242 1,311 1,365

1,121 1,235 1,282 1,353 1,403

1,055 1,155 1,214 1,282 1,339

1,094 1,165 1,208 1,301 1,372

1986–87..................................... 1987–88..................................... 1988–89..................................... 1989–90..................................... 1990–91.....................................

5,206 5,494 5,869 6,207 6,562

5,964 6,272 6,725 7,212 7,602

6,124 6,339 6,801 7,347 7,709

5,857 6,226 6,673 7,120 7,528

3,295 3,263 3,573 3,705 3,930

2,312 2,458 2,658 2,839 3,016

3,042 3,201 3,472 3,800 4,009

3,042 3,168 3,422 3,765 3,958

3,042 3,220 3,499 3,819 4,036

897 809 979 978 1,087

1,405 1,488 1,575 1,638 1,743

1,427 1,516 1,609 1,675 1,782

1,501 1,576 1,665 1,732 1,848

1,376 1,478 1,573 1,638 1,740

1,034 1,017 1,085 1,105 1,182

1,489 1,549 1,636 1,730 1,802

1,495 1,555 1,644 1,737 1,811

1,581 1,596 1,715 1,850 1,903

1,439 1,529 1,601 1,663 1,751

1,364 1,437 1,509 1,622 1,660

1991–92..................................... 1992–93..................................... 1993–94..................................... 1994–95..................................... 1995–96.....................................

7,077 7,452 7,931 8,306 8,800

8,238 8,758 9,296 9,728 10,330

8,390 8,934 9,495 9,863 10,560

8,142 8,648 9,186 9,646 10,195

4,092 4,207 4,449 4,633 4,725

3,286 3,517 3,827 4,044 4,338

4,385 4,752 5,119 5,391 5,786

4,368 4,665 5,104 5,287 5,733

4,394 4,795 5,127 5,441 5,812

1,189 1,276 1,399 1,488 1,522

1,874 1,939 2,057 2,145 2,264

1,921 1,991 2,111 2,200 2,318

1,996 2,104 2,190 2,281 2,423

1,875 1,926 2,068 2,155 2,260

1,210 1,240 1,332 1,396 1,473

1,918 1,996 2,047 2,116 2,199

1,931 2,015 2,067 2,138 2,226

2,026 2,165 2,201 2,295 2,404

1,872 1,927 1,992 2,049 2,123

1,692 1,692 1,718 1,750 1,730

1996–97..................................... 1997–98..................................... 1998–993 ................................... 1999–2000................................. 2000–01.....................................

9,206 9,588 10,076 10,444 10,818

10,841 11,277 11,888 12,352 12,922

11,033 11,382 12,123 12,613 13,177

10,726 11,205 11,752 12,198 12,775

4,895 5,192 5,291 5,408 5,460

4,564 4,755 5,013 5,238 5,377

6,118 6,351 6,723 7,044 7,372

6,055 6,232 6,713 7,026 7,360

6,150 6,408 6,728 7,052 7,377

1,543 1,695 1,725 1,721 1,698

2,365 2,444 2,557 2,682 2,819

2,422 2,507 2,626 2,749 2,893

2,518 2,575 2,710 2,845 2,999

2,368 2,469 2,578 2,695 2,833

1,522 1,598 1,616 1,733 1,744

2,276 2,389 2,506 2,524 2,622

2,301 2,419 2,540 2,559 2,658

2,460 2,576 2,700 2,741 2,818

2,208 2,327 2,446 2,451 2,565

1,830 1,900 1,950 1,954 2,017

2001–02..................................... 2002–03..................................... 2003–04..................................... 2004–054 ...................................

11,380 12,014 12,955 13,743

13,639 14,439 15,504 16,465

13,942 14,827 16,096 17,206

13,468 14,233 15,203 16,100

5,718 6,252 6,716 7,020

5,646 6,002 6,608 7,074

7,786 8,309 9,027 9,662

7,788 8,406 9,267 10,037

7,785 8,264 8,922 9,497

1,800 1,903 2,175 2,323

2,981 3,179 3,360 3,567

3,060 3,263 3,448 3,658

3,184 3,377 3,599 3,811

2,992 3,201 3,368 3,577

1,848 2,077 2,206 2,310

2,753 2,832 2,987 3,102

2,793 2,867 3,028 3,145

2,970 3,044 3,230 3,358

2,692 2,767 2,914 3,026

2,070 2,272 2,335 2,387

Public institutions 1964–65..................................... 1965–66..................................... 1966–67..................................... 1967–68..................................... 1968–69.....................................

950 983 1,026 1,064 1,117

— — — — —

1,051 1,105 1,171 1,199 1,245

867 904 947 997 1,063

638 670 710 789 883

243 257 275 283 295

— — — — —

298 327 360 366 377

224 241 259 268 281

99 109 121 144 170

271 281 294 313 337

— — — — —

291 304 321 337 359

241 255 271 292 318

178 194 213 243 278

436 445 457 468 485

— — — — —

462 474 490 496 509

402 408 417 437 464

361 367 376 402 435

1969–70..................................... 1970–71..................................... 1971–72..................................... 1972–73..................................... 1973–74.....................................

1,203 1,287 1,357 1,458 1,517

— — — — —

1,362 1,477 1,579 1,668 1,707

1,135 1,206 1,263 1,460 1,506

951 998 1,073 1,197 1,274

323 351 376 407 438

— — — — —

427 478 526 566 581

306 332 354 455 463

178 187 192 233 274

369 401 430 476 480

— — — — —

395 431 463 500 505

346 375 400 455 464

308 338 366 398 409

511 535 551 575 599

— — — — —

540 568 590 602 621

483 499 509 550 579

465 473 515 566 591

See notes at end of table.

510 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

t n e d u t Table S 312. Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates charged for full-time students in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution: 1964–65 through 2004–05

t n e d u t Table S 312. Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates charged for full-time students in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution: 1964–65 through 2004–05—Continued Total tuition, room, and board

Tuition and required fees (in-state)

4-year institutions

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

2

3

4

1974–75..................................... 1975–76..................................... 1976–77..................................... 1977–78..................................... 1978–79.....................................

1,563 1,666 1,789 1,888 1,994

— — 1,935 2,038 2,145

1979–80..................................... 1980–81..................................... 1981–82..................................... 1982–83..................................... 1983–84.....................................

2,165 2,373 2,663 2,945 3,156

1984–85..................................... 1985–862 ................................... 1986–87..................................... 1987–88..................................... 1988–89.....................................

4-year institutions All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

5

6

7

8

9

1,760 1,935 2,067 2,170 2,289

1,558 1,657 1,827 1,931 2,027

1,339 1,386 1,491 1,590 1,691

432 433 479 512 543

— — 617 655 688

2,327 2,550 2,871 3,196 3,433

2,487 2,712 3,079 3,403 3,628

2,198 2,421 2,705 3,032 3,285

1,822 2,027 2,224 2,390 2,534

583 635 714 798 891

3,408 3,571 3,805 4,050 4,274

3,682 3,859 4,138 4,403 4,678

3,899 4,146 4,469 4,619 4,905

3,518 3,637 3,891 4,250 4,526

2,807 2,981 2,989 3,066 3,183

1989–90..................................... 1990–91..................................... 1991–92..................................... 1992–93..................................... 1993–94.....................................

4,504 4,757 5,138 5,379 5,694

4,975 5,243 5,693 6,020 6,365

5,324 5,585 6,050 6,442 6,710

4,723 5,004 5,458 5,740 6,146

1994–95..................................... 1995–96..................................... 1996–97..................................... 1997–98..................................... 1998–993 ...................................

5,965 6,256 6,530 6,813 7,107

6,670 7,014 7,334 7,673 8,027

7,077 7,448 7,792 8,210 8,625

1999–2000................................. 2000–01..................................... 2001–02..................................... 2002–03..................................... 2003–04..................................... 2004–054 ...................................

7,310 7,586 8,022 8,502 9,249 9,877

8,275 8,653 9,196 9,787 10,674 11,441

Private institutions 1964–65..................................... 1965–66..................................... 1966–67..................................... 1967–68..................................... 1968–69.....................................

1,907 2,005 2,124 2,205 2,321

1969–70..................................... 1970–71..................................... 1971–72..................................... 1972–73..................................... 1973–74.....................................

2,530 2,738 2,917 3,038 3,164

Year and control of institution 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

See notes at end of table.

4-year institutions

2-year

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

10

11

12

13

14

599 642 689 736 777

448 469 564 596 622

277 245 283 306 327

506 544 582 621 655

— — 592 631 664

738 804 909 1,031 1,148

840 915 1,042 1,164 1,284

662 722 813 936 1,052

355 391 434 473 528

715 799 909 1,010 1,087

971 1,045 1,106 1,218 1,285

1,228 1,318 1,414 1,537 1,646

1,386 1,536 1,651 1,726 1,846

1,117 1,157 1,248 1,407 1,515

584 641 660 706 730

3,299 3,467 3,623 3,799 3,996

1,356 1,454 1,628 1,782 1,942

1,780 1,888 2,117 2,349 2,537

2,035 2,159 2,409 2,604 2,820

1,608 1,707 1,931 2,192 2,360

6,409 6,730 7,035 7,318 7,631

4,137 4,217 4,404 4,509 4,604

2,057 2,179 2,271 2,360 2,430

2,681 2,848 2,987 3,110 3,229

2,977 3,151 3,323 3,486 3,640

8,912 9,321 9,948 10,604 11,679 12,604

7,852 8,218 8,715 9,280 10,063 10,741

4,720 4,839 5,137 5,601 6,020 6,334

2,506 2,562 2,700 2,903 3,319 3,638

3,349 3,501 3,735 4,046 4,587 5,038

— — — — —

2,202 2,316 2,456 2,545 2,673

1,810 1,899 2,007 2,104 2,237

1,455 1,557 1,679 1,762 1,876

1,088 1,154 1,233 1,297 1,383

— — — — —

2,920 3,163 3,375 3,512 3,717

2,420 2,599 2,748 2,934 3,040

1,993 2,103 2,186 2,273 2,410

1,533 1,684 1,820 1,898 1,989

4-year institutions

2-year

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

527 573 614 649 689

497 533 572 616 641

424 442 465 486 527

625 689 728 755 796

— — 727 752 793

634 720 763 785 823

613 655 692 720 764

638 699 742 797 837

725 811 925 1,030 1,110

750 827 970 1,072 1,131

703 796 885 993 1,092

574 642 703 755 801

867 940 1,039 1,136 1,178

865 936 1,036 1,134 1,175

898 969 1,067 1,167 1,213

833 904 1,006 1,103 1,141

893 994 1,086 1,162 1,205

1,196 1,242 1,301 1,378 1,457

1,217 1,263 1,323 1,410 1,496

1,237 1,290 1,355 1,410 1,483

1,200 1,240 1,295 1,409 1,506

921 960 979 943 965

1,241 1,285 1,398 1,454 1,533

1,237 1,278 1,401 1,456 1,536

1,276 1,320 1,464 1,482 1,576

1,201 1,240 1,348 1,434 1,504

1,302 1,380 1,349 1,417 1,488

756 824 936 1,025 1,125

1,513 1,612 1,731 1,756 1,873

1,557 1,657 1,785 1,816 1,934

1,561 1,658 1,789 1,856 1,897

1,554 1,655 1,782 1,787 1,958

962 1,050 1,074 1,106 1,190

1,635 1,691 1,780 1,841 1,880

1,638 1,698 1,792 1,854 1,895

1,728 1,767 1,852 1,982 1,993

1,561 1,641 1,745 1,761 1,828

1,581 1,594 1,612 1,668 1,681

2,499 2,660 2,778 2,877 2,974

1,192 1,239 1,276 1,314 1,327

1,959 2,057 2,148 2,225 2,330

2,023 2,121 2,214 2,301 2,409

1,992 2,104 2,187 2,285 2,408

2,044 2,133 2,232 2,312 2,410

1,232 1,297 1,339 1,401 1,450

1,949 2,020 2,111 2,228 2,347

1,967 2,045 2,133 2,263 2,389

2,108 2,192 2,282 2,438 2,576

1,866 1,937 2,025 2,130 2,247

1,712 1,681 1,789 1,795 1,828

3,768 3,979 4,273 4,686 5,363 5,948

3,091 3,208 3,409 3,668 4,141 4,520

1,338 1,333 1,380 1,483 1,702 1,847

2,440 2,569 2,723 2,930 3,107 3,304

2,519 2,654 2,816 3,029 3,212 3,418

2,516 2,657 2,838 3,023 3,232 3,431

2,521 2,652 2,801 3,032 3,198 3,409

1,549 1,600 1,722 1,954 2,086 2,154

2,364 2,455 2,598 2,669 2,823 2,935

2,406 2,499 2,645 2,712 2,875 2,985

2,628 2,686 2,837 2,895 3,084 3,226

2,239 2,358 2,504 2,580 2,724 2,813

1,834 1,906 2,036 2,164 2,233 2,333

— — — — —

1,297 1,369 1,456 1,534 1,638

1,023 1,086 1,162 1,237 1,335

702 768 845 892 956

331 356 385 392 404

— — — — —

390 418 452 455 463

308 330 355 366 382

289 316 347 366 391

488 495 506 516 534

— — — — —

515 529 548 556 572

479 483 490 501 520

464 473 487 504 529

— — — — —

1,809 1,980 2,133 2,226 2,375

1,468 1,603 1,721 1,846 1,925

1,034 1,109 1,172 1,221 1,303

436 468 494 524 533

— — — — —

503 542 576 622 622

409 434 454 490 502

413 434 449 457 483

561 586 603 616 642

— — — — —

608 641 666 664 720

543 562 573 598 613

546 560 565 595 624

2-year

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 511 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

2-year

All institutions

Board (7-day basis)1

Dormitory rooms

Total tuition, room, and board

Tuition and required fees (in-state)

4-year institutions

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

2

3

4

1974–75..................................... 1975–76..................................... 1976–77..................................... 1977–78..................................... 1978–79.....................................

3,403 3,663 3,906 4,158 4,514

— — 3,977 4,240 4,609

1979–80..................................... 1980–81..................................... 1981–82..................................... 1982–83..................................... 1983–84.....................................

4,912 5,470 6,166 6,920 7,508

1984–85..................................... 1985–862 ................................... 1986–87..................................... 1987–88..................................... 1988–89.....................................

4-year institutions

2-year

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

5

6

7

8

9

4,076 4,467 4,715 5,033 5,403

3,156 3,385 3,714 3,967 4,327

2,591 2,711 2,971 3,148 3,389

2,117 2,272 2,467 2,624 2,867

— — 2,534 2,700 2,958

5,013 5,594 6,330 7,126 7,759

5,891 6,569 7,443 8,536 9,308

4,700 5,249 5,947 6,646 7,244

3,751 4,303 4,746 5,364 5,571

3,130 3,498 3,953 4,439 4,851

8,202 8,885 9,676 10,512 11,189

8,451 9,228 10,039 10,659 11,474

10,243 11,034 12,278 13,075 14,073

7,849 8,551 9,276 9,854 10,620

6,203 6,512 6,384 7,078 7,967

1989–90..................................... 1990–91..................................... 1991–92..................................... 1992–93..................................... 1993–94.....................................

12,018 12,910 13,892 14,634 15,496

12,284 13,237 14,258 15,009 15,904

15,098 16,503 17,572 18,898 20,097

11,374 12,220 13,201 13,882 14,640

1994–95..................................... 1995–96..................................... 1996–97..................................... 1997–98..................................... 1998–993 ...................................

16,207 17,208 18,039 18,516 19,368

16,602 17,612 18,442 19,070 19,929

21,041 22,502 23,520 24,116 25,443

1999–2000................................. 2000–01..................................... 2001–02..................................... 2002–03..................................... 2003–04..................................... 2004–054 ...................................

20,186 21,368 22,413 23,340 24,636 26,025

20,706 21,856 22,896 23,787 25,083 26,489

26,534 27,676 29,115 31,043 32,886 34,698

Year and control of institution 1

Board (7-day basis)1

Dormitory rooms 4-year institutions

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2-year

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

10

11

12

13

14

2,614 2,881 3,051 3,240 3,487

1,954 2,084 2,351 2,520 2,771

1,367 1,427 1,592 1,706 1,831

586 636 649 698 758

— — 651 702 761

3,225 3,617 4,113 4,639 5,093

3,811 4,275 4,887 5,583 6,217

3,020 3,390 3,853 4,329 4,726

2,062 2,413 2,605 3,008 3,099

827 918 1,038 1,181 1,278

5,315 5,789 6,316 6,988 7,461

5,556 6,121 6,658 7,116 7,722

6,843 7,374 8,118 8,771 9,451

5,135 5,641 6,171 6,574 7,172

3,485 3,672 3,684 4,161 4,817

8,670 9,302 9,632 9,903 10,406

8,147 8,772 9,419 9,942 10,572

8,396 9,083 9,759 10,294 10,952

10,348 11,379 12,037 13,055 13,874

7,778 8,389 9,060 9,533 10,100

15,363 16,198 16,994 17,717 18,430

11,170 11,563 11,954 12,921 13,319

11,111 11,864 12,498 12,801 13,428

11,481 12,243 12,881 13,344 13,973

14,537 15,605 16,552 17,229 18,340

19,127 20,247 21,220 21,965 23,166 24,481

13,965 14,788 15,825 17,753 19,559 19,899

14,081 15,000 15,742 16,383 17,327 18,374

14,588 15,470 16,211 16,826 17,777 18,838

19,307 20,106 21,176 22,716 24,128 25,600

—Not available. 1Data for 1986–87 and later years reflect a basis of 20 meals per week rather than meals 7 days per week. Because of this revision in data collection and tabulation procedures, data are not entirely comparable with figures for previous years. In particular, data on board rates are somewhat higher than earlier years because they reflect the basis of 20 meals per week rather than meals served 7 days per week. Since many institutions serve fewer than 3 meals each day, the 1986–87 and later data reflect a more accurate accounting of total board costs. 2Room and board data are estimated. 3Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) 4Preliminary data based on fall 2003 enrollment weights. NOTE: Data are for the entire academic year and are average total charges for full-time attendance. Tuition and fees were weighted by the number of full-time-equivalent undergraduates, but were not adjusted to reflect student residency. Room and board were based on full-time students. The data have not been adjusted for changes in the purchasing

4-year institutions

2-year

All institutions

All 4-year

Universities

Other 4-year

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

691 753 783 850 916

536 583 604 648 704

564 572 607 631 700

700 755 790 836 889

— — 791 838 890

771 833 882 943 1,000

666 718 759 800 851

660 712 772 811 858

831 921 1,039 1,181 1,279

1,001 1,086 1,229 1,453 1,531

768 859 970 1,083 1,191

766 871 1,022 1,177 1,253

955 1,054 1,175 1,300 1,380

957 1,056 1,178 1,306 1,387

1,078 1,209 1,327 1,501 1,559

912 1,000 1,124 1,234 1,327

923 1,019 1,119 1,179 1,219

1,426 1,553 1,658 1,748 1,849

1,426 1,557 1,673 1,760 1,863

1,753 1,940 2,097 2,244 2,353

1,309 1,420 1,518 1,593 1,686

1,424 1,500 1,266 1,380 1,540

1,462 1,542 1,702 1,775 1,880

1,469 1,551 1,708 1,783 1,889

1,647 1,720 2,063 2,060 2,269

1,405 1,490 1,587 1,687 1,762

1,294 1,340 1,434 1,537 1,609

5,196 5,570 5,754 6,059 6,370

1,923 2,063 2,221 2,348 2,490

1,935 2,077 2,241 2,362 2,506

2,411 2,654 2,825 3,018 3,277

1,774 1,889 2,042 2,151 2,261

1,663 1,744 1,788 1,970 2,067

1,948 2,074 2,252 2,344 2,434

1,953 2,077 2,257 2,354 2,445

2,339 2,470 2,709 2,825 2,946

1,823 1,943 2,098 2,197 2,278

1,811 1,989 2,090 1,875 1,970

10,653 11,297 11,871 12,338 12,815

6,914 7,094 7,236 7,464 7,854

2,587 2,738 2,878 2,954 3,075

2,601 2,751 2,889 2,964 3,091

3,469 3,680 3,826 3,756 3,914

2,347 2,473 2,602 2,731 2,850

2,233 2,371 2,537 2,672 2,581

2,509 2,606 2,663 2,762 2,865

2,520 2,617 2,672 2,761 2,865

3,035 3,218 3,142 3,132 3,188

2,362 2,429 2,520 2,648 2,765

2,023 2,098 2,181 2,785 2,884

13,361 14,233 14,923 15,416 16,298 17,261

8,235 9,067 10,076 10,651 11,546 12,182

3,224 3,374 3,567 3,752 3,945 4,165

3,237 3,392 3,576 3,764 3,952 4,166

4,070 4,270 4,478 4,724 4,979 5,244

2,976 3,121 3,301 3,478 3,647 3,849

2,808 2,722 3,116 3,232 3,581 4,162

2,882 2,993 3,104 3,206 3,364 3,486

2,881 2,993 3,109 3,197 3,354 3,485

3,157 3,300 3,462 3,602 3,778 3,854

2,790 2,893 2,996 3,071 3,222 3,371

2,922 3,000 2,633 3,870 4,432 3,556

2-year

power of the dollar over time. Data for 1976–77 to 1996–97 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. Because of their low response rate, data for private 2-year colleges must be interpreted with caution. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Institutional Characteristics of Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1965–66 through 1985–86; “Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education” surveys, 1965 through 1985; and 1986–87 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:86–99), “Institutional Characteristics Survey” (IPEDSC:86–99), Spring 2001 through Spring 2004, and Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

512 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

t n e d u t Table S 312. Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates charged for full-time students in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution: 1964–65 through 2004–05—Continued

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 513 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance _

Table 313. Average undergraduate tuition, fees, room, and board charged for full-time students in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution and state or jurisdiction: 2003–04 and 2004–05 Public 4-year, 2003–04

State or jurisdiction 1

Public 4-year, 2004–051

Total

Tuition and required fees (in-state)

2

Private 4-year, 2003–04

Total

Tuition and required fees (in-state)

Room

Board

3

4

5

6

Private 4-year, 2004–051

Total

Tuition and required fees

7

8

Public 2-year, tuition only (in-state)

Total

Tuition and required fees

Room

Board

2003–04

2004–051

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

United States ....................

$10,674

$4,587

$11,441

$5,038

$3,418

$2,985

$25,083

$17,777

$26,489

$18,838

$4,166

$3,485

$1,702

$1,847

Alabama .................................... Alaska........................................ Arizona ...................................... Arkansas.................................... California ...................................

8,962 10,132 10,149 8,337 12,288

3,970 3,430 3,587 4,006 3,800

9,819 9,936 10,863 8,734 13,356

4,377 3,782 4,076 4,297 4,323

2,574 3,332 3,854 2,321 4,578

2,868 2,822 2,934 2,116 4,456

16,557 17,958 19,147 15,956 28,337

11,056 11,877 12,466 11,041 19,749

17,520 21,423 19,448 17,040 30,186

11,671 14,093 13,197 11,811 21,046

2,906 3,002 2,922 2,537 5,082

2,943 4,328 3,329 2,692 4,058

2,479 1,790 1,141 1,659 486

2,735 1,945 1,226 1,700 721

Colorado .................................... Connecticut................................ Delaware.................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

9,763 12,790 12,502 † 8,956

3,451 5,777 6,183 2,070 2,534

10,243 13,824 13,353 † 9,335

3,518 6,385 6,671 2,070 2,633

3,184 3,948 3,765 † 3,775

3,541 3,491 2,917 † 2,927

26,030 32,326 16,294 29,236 22,800

17,472 23,434 9,680 20,312 15,845

27,361 33,965 17,368 31,594 23,793

18,583 24,664 10,458 22,240 16,599

4,670 5,132 3,499 6,020 3,814

4,108 4,169 3,411 3,334 3,380

1,796 2,307 1,992 † 1,639

1,850 2,404 2,088 † 1,745

Georgia...................................... Hawaii ........................................ Idaho.......................................... Illinois......................................... Indiana.......................................

9,052 8,747 8,082 11,795 11,619

3,192 3,235 3,321 5,642 5,370

9,439 9,131 9,066 12,803 12,240

3,392 3,347 3,589 6,497 5,666

3,629 3,130 2,459 3,152 3,085

2,418 2,653 3,018 3,154 3,489

23,241 17,922 10,905 25,543 25,116

16,090 9,196 5,155 18,049 18,871

24,734 17,866 11,388 26,966 26,490

17,146 9,585 5,502 18,996 20,112

4,313 3,813 2,315 4,743 3,274

3,275 4,468 3,571 3,226 3,104

1,421 1,118 1,657 1,782 2,468

1,470 1,175 1,817 1,952 2,599

Iowa ........................................... Kansas....................................... Kentucky .................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine.........................................

10,876 8,587 8,515 7,460 10,994

4,991 3,674 3,859 3,185 5,001

11,541 9,397 9,400 7,973 11,826

5,407 4,181 4,502 3,526 5,565

3,017 2,536 2,703 2,355 3,186

3,118 2,680 2,195 2,093 3,075

21,774 18,632 18,197 25,543 26,813

16,394 13,438 12,684 18,262 19,627

23,012 19,736 19,262 26,583 28,371

17,339 14,260 13,577 19,312 20,711

2,658 2,496 2,790 4,144 3,779

3,015 2,979 2,895 3,126 3,881

2,688 1,792 2,266 1,228 2,781

2,876 1,882 2,562 1,429 2,802

Maryland.................................... Massachusetts........................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi .................................

13,407 12,245 12,187 10,826 8,535

6,224 6,069 5,994 5,728 3,750

14,108 13,687 12,658 11,958 9,019

6,632 7,010 6,189 6,478 3,986

4,180 3,868 3,268 3,054 2,458

3,296 2,809 3,202 2,426 2,575

28,784 33,652 18,147 24,498 15,811

21,006 24,524 12,434 18,559 10,993

30,515 35,470 19,286 25,946 16,460

22,284 25,935 13,253 19,510 11,442

4,831 5,404 3,066 3,433 2,574

3,400 4,131 2,967 3,003 2,444

2,595 2,723 1,865 3,416 1,390

2,837 2,844 1,936 3,839 1,510

Missouri ..................................... Montana..................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire .........................

10,355 9,347 9,611 10,310 13,843

5,396 4,155 4,238 2,720 7,615

11,356 9,867 10,704 10,464 14,651

5,833 4,511 4,679 2,477 8,086

3,196 2,437 2,889 4,622 3,998

2,327 2,920 3,137 3,365 2,567

20,462 16,740 19,090 18,840 28,320

14,322 11,458 13,750 11,428 20,499

21,431 17,918 19,725 20,594 29,728

15,045 12,172 14,412 11,928 21,452

3,281 2,688 2,778 4,977 4,796

3,105 3,058 2,535 3,689 3,480

1,940 2,569 1,672 1,509 4,821

2,128 2,558 1,772 1,496 5,338

New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York.................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota .............................

15,088 8,255 12,004 8,780 8,035

7,255 3,164 4,884 3,239 3,837

16,349 8,675 12,441 9,450 9,011

7,989 3,395 4,922 3,563 4,549

5,286 2,539 4,280 3,190 1,803

3,073 2,741 3,238 2,697 2,659

28,210 18,237 29,375 23,186 13,511

19,710 12,138 20,522 16,982 9,501

29,751 19,304 30,907 24,600 12,525

20,910 13,034 21,632 18,139 8,571

4,750 3,161 5,373 3,248 1,647

4,092 3,109 3,902 3,214 2,306

2,443 1,002 2,951 1,166 2,421

2,569 1,072 3,074 1,248 2,850

Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon....................................... Pennsylvania.............................. Rhode Island .............................

13,346 7,907 11,632 13,734 12,767

6,589 3,201 4,667 7,615 5,391

15,256 8,451 12,177 14,771 13,541

8,041 3,507 5,151 8,347 5,866

4,092 2,455 3,469 3,601 4,112

3,123 2,489 3,556 2,823 3,563

24,279 17,379 26,059 28,930 29,295

17,901 11,848 19,531 21,098 21,110

25,594 19,168 27,493 30,637 30,907

18,941 13,446 20,593 22,306 22,394

3,368 2,742 3,493 4,418 4,663

3,285 2,980 3,407 3,913 3,850

2,823 1,648 2,427 2,512 2,120

2,999 1,719 2,558 2,751 2,310

South Carolina........................... South Dakota ............................. Tennessee ................................. Texas ......................................... Utah ...........................................

12,668 8,406 8,934 9,180 7,878

7,442 4,453 4,039 3,559 2,896

12,165 8,944 9,445 10,233 8,348

6,749 4,720 4,258 4,423 3,177

3,156 1,872 2,606 3,164 2,134

2,261 2,352 2,581 2,647 3,036

20,133 17,097 21,025 20,855 10,069

14,569 12,440 15,074 14,798 4,537

21,237 18,076 22,035 22,218 10,521

15,426 13,161 15,873 15,929 4,767

2,915 2,344 3,314 3,308 2,864

2,896 2,571 2,848 2,981 2,889

2,632 2,798 2,076 1,166 1,954

2,816 2,840 2,209 1,228 2,089

Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................ West Virginia.............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming....................................

14,769 10,903 11,335 8,764 9,061 8,485

8,263 5,068 4,626 3,170 4,676 3,090

15,658 11,616 11,902 9,450 9,872 8,514

8,771 5,556 4,926 3,572 5,290 2,721

4,393 3,243 3,334 3,003 2,688 2,590

2,495 2,817 3,642 2,876 1,894 3,203

25,517 22,248 24,671 18,373 23,318 †

18,166 16,162 17,983 12,685 17,386 †

27,261 23,277 26,021 19,067 24,574 †

19,838 17,010 19,031 13,284 18,380 †

3,947 3,165 3,746 2,823 3,148 †

3,476 3,101 3,245 2,960 3,046 †

3,604 1,802 2,228 2,920 2,589 1,614

3,796 1,929 2,390 3,105 2,796 1,680

†Not applicable. 1 Preliminary data based on fall 2003 enrollments. NOTE: Data are for the entire academic year and are average charges. Tuition and fees were weighted by the number of full-time-equivalent undergraduates in 2003, but are not adjusted to reflect student residency. Room and board are based on full-time students.

(See Guide to Sources for details.) Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 and 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2003, Fall 2004, and Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

514 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance _

Table 314. Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates of degree-granting institutions, by control and type of institution and percentile of students: 2003–04 and 2004–05 Public institutions Type of student charge and percentile of students 1

Total

Private institutions

4-year

2-year

Total

4-year

2-year

2003–04

2004–05

2003–04

2004–05

2003–04

2004–05

2003–04

2004–05

2003–04

2004–05

2003–04

2004–05

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Tuition, room, and board 10th percentile .................................. 25th percentile .................................. Median (50th percentile) ................... 75th percentile .................................. 90th percentile ..................................

$6,923 8,523 10,029 12,085 14,440

$7,270 9,099 10,797 12,844 15,401

$7,924 9,023 10,447 12,292 14,655

$8,393 9,595 11,062 13,064 15,622

$3,874 4,725 5,562 6,989 8,360

$4,150 4,924 6,021 7,378 8,810

$16,332 20,833 26,455 32,242 37,710

$17,077 21,707 27,922 34,468 39,565

$16,364 20,833 26,536 32,242 37,710

$17,144 21,808 27,929 34,513 39,565

$11,955 14,119 17,124 26,560 40,780

$13,532 15,486 19,844 28,224 34,385

Tuition and required fees 10th percentile .................................. 25th percentile .................................. Median (50th percentile) ................... 75th percentile .................................. 90th percentile ..................................

900 1,800 2,913 4,464 6,149

900 1,920 3,154 5,053 6,777

2,609 3,251 4,254 5,702 6,882

2,880 3,582 4,695 6,085 7,557

478 1,024 1,710 2,325 2,844

710 1,048 1,803 2,459 3,033

8,650 12,100 16,930 21,820 28,400

9,260 12,960 17,980 23,070 29,820

9,091 12,660 17,542 22,420 28,440

9,800 13,340 18,500 23,639 29,990

6,800 8,325 10,462 12,892 17,500

6,959 8,850 10,875 13,670 18,525

NOTE: Data are for the entire academic year and are average rates for full-time students. Student charges were weighted by the number of full-time-equivalent undergraduates, but were not adjusted to reflect student residency. The data have not been adjusted for changes in the purchasing power of the dollar. Data for 2004–05 are preliminary figures based on fall 2003 enrollment. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 and 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2003, Fall 2004, and Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 515 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance _

Table 315. Average graduate and first-professional tuition and required fees in degree-granting institutions, by first-professional discipline and control of institution: 1987–88 through 2004–05 Average full-time graduate tuition

Chiropractic

Dentistry

Medicine

Optometry

Osteopathic medicine

Pharmacy

Podiatry

Veterinary medicine

Law

Theology

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

All institutions 1987–88........................... 1988–89........................... 1989–90........................... 1990–91........................... 1991–92...........................

$3,599 3,728 4,135 4,488 5,116

$6,996 7,972 8,315 9,108 10,226

$9,399 9,324 10,515 10,270 12,049

$9,034 9,439 10,597 10,571 11,646

$7,926 8,503 9,469 9,512 9,610

$10,674 11,462 11,888 12,830 13,004

$5,201 4,952 5,890 5,889 6,731

$12,736 13,232 14,611 15,143 16,257

$4,503 4,856 5,470 5,396 6,367

$6,636 7,099 8,059 8,708 9,469

$3,572 3,911 4,079 4,569 4,876

1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95........................... 1995–96........................... 1996–97...........................

5,475 5,973 6,247 6,741 7,111

11,117 11,503 12,324 12,507 12,721

12,710 14,403 15,164 15,647 16,585

12,265 13,074 13,834 14,860 15,481

10,858 10,385 11,053 11,544 12,250

14,297 15,038 15,913 16,785 17,888

6,635 7,960 8,315 8,602 9,207

17,426 17,621 18,138 18,434 19,056

6,771 7,159 7,741 8,208 8,668

10,463 11,552 12,374 13,278 14,081

5,331 5,253 5,648 5,991 6,558

1997–98........................... 1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02...........................

7,246 7,685 8,071 8,429 8,857

13,131 13,582 14,256 15,092 15,605

17,393 18,800 19,314 21,696 22,643

16,075 17,110 17,775 18,935 19,973

12,685 14,066 14,389 15,360 16,066

18,654 19,718 20,817 21,685 22,753

9,544 9,636 10,601 11,175 12,008

19,355 19,547 20,102 20,313 21,115

9,013 9,392 9,865 10,365 10,940

14,877 15,590 16,399 17,659 18,577

6,761 7,147 7,425 10,100 8,543

2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–051 .........................

9,226 10,308 10,888

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

Public2 1987–88........................... 1988–89........................... 1989–90........................... 1990–91........................... 1991–92...........................

1,827 1,913 1,999 2,206 2,524

† † † † †

4,614 5,286 5,728 5,927 6,595

5,245 5,669 6,259 6,437 7,106

2,789 3,455 3,569 3,821 4,161

5,125 6,269 6,521 7,188 7,699

2,462 2,218 2,816 2,697 2,871

† † † † †

3,523 3,889 4,505 4,840 5,231

2,810 2,766 3,196 3,430 3,933

† † † † †

1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95........................... 1995–96........................... 1996–97...........................

2,791 3,050 3,250 3,449 3,607

† † † † †

7,006 7,525 8,125 8,806 9,434

7,867 8,329 8,812 9,585 10,057

5,106 5,325 5,643 6,130 6,561

8,404 8,640 8,954 9,448 9,932

2,987 3,567 3,793 4,100 4,884

† † † † †

5,553 6,107 6,571 6,907 7,343

4,261 4,835 5,307 5,821 6,565

† † † † †

1997–98........................... 1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02...........................

3,744 3,897 4,043 4,243 4,496

† † † † †

9,657 10,277 10,615 11,574 12,446

10,501 11,141 11,569 12,074 13,264

7,366 7,890 8,021 8,302 9,060

10,358 10,802 11,211 11,516 12,587

5,065 5,482 5,897 6,245 7,020

19,541 19,818 19,578 20,228 21,254

7,742 7,975 8,601 8,964 9,524

7,004 7,425 7,740 8,326 9,043

† † † † †

2002–03........................... 2003–04........................... 2004–051 .........................

4,842 5,544 6,080

† † †

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

† † †

Private 1987–88........................... 1988–89........................... 1989–90........................... 1990–91........................... 1991–92...........................

6,769 6,945 7,881 8,507 9,592

6,996 7,972 8,315 9,108 10,226

16,201 16,127 16,800 18,270 20,318

14,945 15,610 16,826 17,899 19,225

11,635 12,050 13,640 13,767 14,366

13,311 13,536 14,117 15,009 16,098

8,834 9,692 10,656 11,546 12,937

12,736 13,232 14,611 15,143 16,257

12,544 13,285 14,184 14,159 15,816

9,048 9,892 10,901 12,247 12,946

3,572 3,911 4,079 4,569 4,876

1992–93........................... 1993–94........................... 1994–95........................... 1995–96........................... 1996–97...........................

10,008 10,790 11,338 12,083 12,537

11,117 11,503 12,324 12,507 12,721

21,309 23,824 24,641 25,678 26,618

19,585 20,769 21,819 23,001 24,242

14,459 14,156 14,497 15,235 15,949

17,098 17,720 18,422 19,619 20,714

13,373 14,838 14,894 15,618 15,934

17,426 17,621 18,138 18,434 19,056

17,103 17,433 17,940 19,380 19,526

13,975 15,193 16,201 17,251 18,276

5,331 5,253 5,648 5,991 6,558

1997–98........................... 1998–99........................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03........................... 2003–041 ......................... 2004–051 .........................

12,774 13,299 13,782 14,420 15,165 14,983 16,241 16,998

13,151 13,582 14,256 15,092 15,605 — — —

29,923 31,659 32,268 35,234 36,207 — — —

25,189 26,502 27,694 29,863 30,485 — — —

16,415 17,848 18,087 19,592 20,463 — — —

21,710 22,796 23,838 24,712 25,779 — — —

16,307 16,905 18,091 19,031 20,459 — — —

19,316 19,492 20,193 20,329 21,089 — — —

20,299 21,286 21,772 22,600 23,303 — — —

19,171 20,154 21,081 22,775 23,911 — — —

6,761 7,147 7,425 10,100 8,543 — — —

Year and control 1

Average full-time first-professional tuition

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Preliminary data based on fall 2003 enrollment. 2 Data are based on in-state tuition only. NOTE: Average graduate student tuition weighted by fall full-time-equivalent graduate enrollment. Average first-professional tuition weighted by number of degrees conferred during the academic year. Some year-to-year fluctuations in tuition data may reflect nonreporting by individual institutions. Excludes institutions not reporting degrees conferred and institutions not reporting tuition. Data for 1987–88 to 1997–98 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the

Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1987–88 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:87–99); “Completions Survey,” (IPEDS-C:88–99); “Institutional Characteristics Survey” (IPEDS-IC:87–99); Fall 2000 through Fall 2004; and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Selected student characteristic

Enrollment of undergraduates,1 in thousands

1

Any aid Total2

Grants

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Loans

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Work study

Federal3

Other

Total4

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

(0.0)

63.2 (0.36)

48.0 (0.28)

40.9 (0.48)

50.7 (0.41)

27.6 (0.17)

36.8 (0.46)

35.2 (0.23)

34.0 (0.22)

5.9 (0.19)

7.5 (0.22)

3.6 (0.16)

2.9 (0.13)

0.8

(0.09)

Sex Male .................................... 8,073 (73.8) Female ................................ 10,980 (73.8)

60.6 (0.54) 65.2 (0.41)

44.8 (0.50) 50.4 (0.36)

40.1 (0.58) 41.4 (0.54)

46.5 (0.55) 53.7 (0.47)

22.8 (0.36) 31.1 (0.28)

35.6 (0.57) 37.7 (0.51)

33.7 (0.45) 36.4 (0.34)

32.3 (0.43) 35.2 (0.34)

6.3 (0.29) 5.6 (0.17)

7.4 (0.24) 7.6 (0.25)

5.3 (0.22) 2.3 (0.17)

4.7 (0.21) 1.5 (0.11)

0.7 0.8

(0.09) (0.11)

61.5 75.8 63.2 51.5

44.4 64.6 51.9 38.1

41.7 41.6 37.4 37.0

47.8 64.3 53.4 41.2

21.3 47.7 37.7 22.7

37.7 37.2 33.3 33.7

35.5 43.2 29.9 25.3

34.2 42.0 28.7 23.6

6.2 5.1 5.4 5.3

7.3 8.5 6.8 9.1

3.5 5.1 3.1 2.1

2.6 4.4 2.5 1.8

(0.14) (0.34) (0.17) (0.32)

0.9 0.8 0.5 0.3

(0.13) (0.15) (0.09) (0.07)

All undergraduates ....... 19,054

15

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Race/ethnicity5 White, non-Hispanic............ 12,025 (144.6) Black, non-Hispanic ............ 2,666 (117.6) Hispanic .............................. 2,426 (81.3) Asian Pacific Islander.......... 1,127 (41.7) American Indian/Alaska Native............................ 176 (20.5)

67.4 (3.84)

50.4 (3.94)

46.1 (3.35)

59.1 (3.69)

35.8 (3.44)

41.8 (3.41)

32.5 (2.99)

31.4 (2.98)

5.0 (1.08)

5.1 (1.27)

3.3 (0.98)

2.4 (0.77)

1.0

(0.41)

Age Younger than 24.................. 10,820 (98.6) 24 to 29 years old ............... 3,299 (53.0) 30 years old or over ............ 4,935 (79.6)

64.2 (0.49) 66.8 (0.74) 58.8 (0.78)

49.4 (0.42) 55.0 (0.76) 40.3 (0.72)

44.7 (0.54) 35.2 (0.72) 36.2 (0.75)

51.4 (0.47) 52.7 (0.72) 47.6 (0.75)

25.7 (0.24) 36.9 (0.55) 25.4 (0.49)

40.5 (0.51) 30.7 (0.64) 32.7 (0.79)

37.9 (0.42) 39.5 (0.66) 26.7 (0.60)

36.3 (0.42) 38.3 (0.68) 25.8 (0.60)

7.5 (0.24) 5.0 (0.34) 3.0 (0.19)

10.6 (0.31) 4.1 (0.23) 3.0 (0.18)

2.0 (0.10) 5.7 (0.42) 5.7 (0.35)

1.6 (0.08) 5.1 (0.41) 4.0 (0.28)

0.4 0.6 1.7

(0.05) (0.07) (0.24)

Marital status Not married6 ....................... 14,613 (78.1) Married................................ 4,056 (76.4) Separated ........................... 385 (14.3)

64.4 (0.44) 57.5 (0.78) 78.5 (1.96)

50.2 (0.32) 38.1 (0.84) 67.7 (2.43)

42.5 (0.51) 35.2 (0.76) 37.9 (1.98)

52.0 (0.47) 44.2 (0.76) 69.8 (2.10)

28.6 (0.19) 21.1 (0.66) 58.1 (2.22)

38.3 (0.50) 31.6 (0.70) 33.1 (1.94)

37.6 (0.30) 26.0 (0.64) 41.8 (2.32)

36.3 (0.30) 25.1 (0.65) 40.4 (2.39)

6.7 (0.21) 3.1 (0.22) 4.5 (0.75)

8.9 (0.26) 2.9 (0.18) 4.0 (0.52)

2.8 (0.13) 6.3 (0.41) 5.4 (0.73)

2.2 (0.11) 5.1 (0.35) 4.2 (0.66)

0.6 1.3 1.2

(0.06) (0.22) (0.35)

Attendance status Full-time, full-year ............... 7,824 (93.5) Part-time or part-year.......... 11,230 (93.5)

76.1 (0.40) 54.3 (0.56)

61.7 (0.42) 38.5 (0.44)

54.3 (0.52) 31.5 (0.59)

62.2 (0.48) 42.7 (0.57)

33.2 (0.32) 23.6 (0.35)

49.3 (0.51) 28.1 (0.57)

49.9 (0.44) 25.0 (0.30)

48.5 (0.43) 23.8 (0.30)

9.0 (0.31) 3.7 (0.16)

13.5 (0.41) 3.4 (0.14)

3.2 (0.17) 3.9 (0.20)

2.4 (0.12) 3.2 (0.19)

0.8 0.8

(0.09) (0.10)

Dependency status and family income Dependent .......................... Less than $20,000 .......... $20,000–$39,999 ............ $40,000–$59,999 ............ $60,000–$79,999 ............ $80,000–$99,999 ............ $100,000 or more............ Independent........................ Less than $9,999 ............ $10,000–$19,999 ............ $20,000–$29,999 ............ $30,000–$49,999 ............ $50,000 or more..............

63.8 62.7 77.8 76.2 63.2 58.7 60.5 62.7 70.5 73.3 68.4 60.6 45.6

48.5 47.5 67.2 65.2 48.0 40.9 41.6 47.5 61.6 62.7 55.9 42.3 22.0

45.9 35.9 50.9 54.0 46.8 44.3 44.3 35.9 38.5 38.6 35.0 36.1 31.9

50.4 51.0 75.3 69.6 48.4 40.6 39.9 51.0 65.7 63.4 53.8 46.3 30.1

22.8 32.3 63.7 53.6 18.0 3.3 0.9 32.3 56.2 49.3 37.2 23.2 1.8

41.7 31.9 48.0 49.9 42.6 39.7 39.6 31.9 34.0 33.9 30.5 32.4 29.2

38.6 32.0 36.2 43.1 41.4 39.6 41.1 32.0 37.8 40.7 38.1 29.6 18.1

37.0 31.0 34.9 41.8 39.9 37.7 39.0 31.0 36.6 39.5 37.2 28.7 17.2

7.9 3.9 5.6 7.7 8.8 8.9 9.9 3.9 4.7 4.9 3.8 3.8 2.5

11.2 4.0 14.2 15.0 12.1 10.2 9.6 4.0 8.0 5.2 3.2 2.6 0.9

1.6 5.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.5 5.6 4.2 5.9 6.1 6.4 5.7

1.3 4.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.3 4.4 3.0 4.6 4.4 5.5 4.9

(0.08) (0.24) (0.23) (0.17) (0.20) (0.13) (0.31) (0.24) (0.31) (0.37) (0.33) (0.42) (0.49)

0.3 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.0 0.9

(0.04) (0.15) (0.06) (0.06) (0.11) (0.10) (0.05) (0.15) (0.17) (0.21) (0.30) (0.17) (0.16)

9,476 1,241 1,827 1,710 1,596 1,124 1,978 9,578 2,157 1,745 1,512 1,809 2,356

(106.4) (29.1) (27.3) (27.5) (32.7) (27.5) (43.6) (106.4) (36.5) (43.2) (35.6) (44.1) (50.8)

Housing status School-owned ..................... 2,632 (69.3) Off-campus, not with parents.......................... 10,524 (89.4) With parents........................ 5,899 (77.7) 1Numbers

(0.56) (0.88) (0.82) (1.51)

(0.53) (0.49) (0.87) (0.78) (0.83) (1.09) (1.30) (0.49) (0.79) (0.86) (1.05) (0.89) (0.97)

(0.53) (1.11) (0.87) (1.18)

(0.44) (0.49) (0.95) (0.73) (0.79) (1.00) (1.05) (0.49) (0.85) (0.84) (1.18) (0.95) (0.74)

(0.54) (1.07) (1.02) (1.35)

(0.58) (0.57) (1.13) (0.92) (0.83) (0.94) (1.24) (0.57) (0.86) (0.92) (0.94) (0.83) (0.92)

(0.58) (0.98) (0.84) (1.38)

(0.51) (0.50) (0.96) (0.83) (0.77) (0.90) (1.24) (0.50) (0.76) (1.05) (0.96) (0.77) (0.97)

(0.39) (1.03) (0.80) (0.87)

(0.25) (0.33) (0.96) (0.81) (0.51) (0.25) (0.15) (0.33) (0.77) (0.84) (0.89) (0.82) (0.18)

(0.54) (1.01) (1.04) (1.26)

(0.56) (0.56) (1.12) (0.86) (0.81) (0.91) (1.25) (0.56) (0.84) (0.89) (0.91) (0.82) (0.95)

(0.48) (1.63) (0.96) (0.97)

(0.46) (0.43) (1.01) (0.70) (0.82) (0.98) (1.08) (0.43) (0.85) (0.97) (1.09) (0.84) (0.64)

(0.48) (1.65) (0.95) (0.87)

(0.46) (0.43) (1.07) (0.73) (0.79) (0.97) (1.03) (0.43) (0.86) (0.99) (1.09) (0.83) (0.61)

(0.22) (0.46) (0.42) (0.57)

(0.26) (0.19) (0.46) (0.45) (0.36) (0.42) (0.48) (0.19) (0.39) (0.34) (0.35) (0.31) (0.22)

(0.27) (0.45) (0.52) (0.55)

(0.32) (0.15) (0.77) (0.61) (0.54) (0.47) (0.64) (0.15) (0.46) (0.34) (0.28) (0.27) (0.14)

(0.18) (0.38) (0.19) (0.32)

(0.10) (0.27) (0.25) (0.18) (0.23) (0.15) (0.32) (0.27) (0.36) (0.39) (0.47) (0.47) (0.50)

79.2 (0.60)

62.3 (0.78)

64.9 (0.77)

66.3 (0.70)

25.7 (0.59)

60.3 (0.79)

57.2 (0.82)

55.5 (0.83)

12.9 (0.66)

22.6 (0.72)

1.8 (0.16)

1.3 (0.14)

0.4

(0.09)

62.9 (0.50) 56.7 (0.69)

47.4 (0.47) 42.7 (0.54)

37.9 (0.58) 35.5 (0.66)

49.9 (0.56) 45.1 (0.65)

28.8 (0.36) 26.2 (0.41)

33.7 (0.55) 31.8 (0.63)

33.7 (0.40) 28.2 (0.55)

32.5 (0.39) 26.9 (0.53)

4.8 (0.20) 4.7 (0.19)

5.1 (0.19) 5.2 (0.23)

4.6 (0.22) 2.6 (0.16)

3.7 (0.19) 2.1 (0.14)

1.0 0.5

(0.13) (0.07)

of undergraduates may not equal figures reported in other tables, since these data are based on a sample survey of students who enrolled at any time during the school year. Includes all postsecondary institutions. 2Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source or type of aid. 3Includes Parent Loans for Undergraduate Students (PLUS). 4Details on federal and nonfederal work study participants are not available. 5Excludes persons not reported by race/ethnicity.

6Includes

students who were single, divorced, or widowed. NOTE: Rows may not sum to totals because of rounding and/or the fact that some students receive aid from multiple sources. Data include undergraduates in degree-granting and non-degree-granting institutions. Estimates for loans include PLUS loans and may differ from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Data include Puerto Rico. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:04). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

516 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

Table 316. Percentage of undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics: 2003–04

Table 317. Average amount of financial aid awarded to full-time, full-year undergraduates, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics: 2003–04 Any aid Selected student characteristic 1

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

3

4

5

6

7

(50.5) $5,586 (109.1) $5,565

7,416 7,223

(76.3) (57.0)

Race/ethnicity4 White, non-Hispanic.................... 9,917 (131.5) Black, non-Hispanic .................... 10,520 (250.9) Hispanic ...................................... 9,006 (199.9) Asian/Pacific Islander.................. 10,039 (228.5) American Indian/Alaska Native... 9,513 (689.1)

7,318 7,901 6,670 6,745 7,463

(61.2) (162.9) (134.9) (168.8) (430.5)

Age 23 years old or younger .............. 9,984 (127.5) 24 to 29 years old ....................... 10,184 (136.4) 30 years old or over .................... 9,086 (154.8)

6,881 (61.9) 8,710 (97.5) 8,100 (125.7)

6,102 (121.1) 3,809 (136.0) 3,240 (133.9)

Marital status Not married5 ............................... 10,037 (115.2) Married........................................ 8,785 (160.9) Separated ................................... 9,554 (409.7)

7,215 (53.5) 7,845 (121.0) 8,315 (330.7)

Dependency status and family income Dependent .................................. Less than $20,000 .................. $20,000–$39,999 .................... $40,000–$59,999 .................... $60,000–$79,999 .................... $80,000–$99,999 .................... $100,000 or more.................... Independent................................ Less than $10,000 .................. $10,000–$19,999 .................... $20,000–$29,999 .................... $30,000–$49,999 .................... $50,000 or more......................

(136.5) (237.7) (194.1) (211.8) (219.5) (263.8) (201.3) (96.2) (139.1) (208.8) (172.2) (256.4) (232.5)

6,799 7,374 6,816 6,083 6,503 6,791 7,263 8,283 8,723 8,215 8,262 7,554 7,910

(61.5) (135.3) (105.9) (127.0) (107.5) (157.7) (133.1) (77.5) (123.3) (139.9) (138.3) (194.3) (228.1)

Housing status School-owned ............................. 13,204 (219.3) Off-campus, not with parents...... 9,391 (114.3) With parents................................ 7,420 (117.8)

7,856 7,735 6,054

(82.6) (83.7) (85.8)

(92.6) $3,247

5,669 (129.5) 5,524 (128.9)

5,517 (105.2) 5,600 (106.8)

3,160 3,303

5,733 5,256 4,838 6,180 4,271

5,479 5,694 5,399 6,700 5,366

(24.2) $4,828 (103.3) $7,336

Total 8

9

(80.9) $6,426

Other

Nonfederal

Total3

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

10

11

12

13

14

(53.2) $6,089 (158.5) $1,942

(41.6) $4,777 (170.1) $5,283 (197.0) $3,008 (180.3)

4,840 (117.0) 4,819 (122.6)

7,577 (103.1) 7,159 (85.1)

6,522 6,356

(66.6) (62.7)

3,075 (30.3) 3,442 (41.9) 3,431 (57.7) 3,411 (57.3) 3,545 (378.7)

4,887 4,754 4,251 5,545 3,859

7,443 7,111 6,990 7,079 6,922

(90.2) (205.3) (221.3) (280.3) (441.8)

6,450 6,510 6,193 6,136 6,387

(57.3) (154.4) (161.0) (200.6) (329.5)

5,958 (109.4) 4,605 (90.2) 4,114 (84.7)

3,174 3,375 3,381

(26.6) (42.5) (57.5)

5,288 (117.5) 3,161 (106.3) 2,577 (101.7)

7,224 (86.6) 7,616 (125.4) 7,688 (140.2)

6,166 7,093 7,187

(62.7) (93.7) (88.9)

6,261 (152.2) 5,320 (393.8) 5,269 (442.6)

1,895 (42.1) 2,148 (93.0) 2,372 (143.8)

5,813 (112.6) 3,502 (123.2) 3,122 (262.7)

5,755 (98.6) 4,013 (100.2) 4,758 (230.7)

3,256 (24.7) 3,078 (54.3) 3,719 (114.5)

5,022 (110.0) 2,930 (116.7) 2,801 (261.4)

7,312 (84.3) 7,671 (125.2) 6,532 (260.9)

6,337 (56.4) 7,213 (97.8) 6,318 (250.0)

6,185 (160.6) 5,074 (385.3) 3,895 (837.8)

6,256 5,401 5,817 6,179 6,473 6,897 6,868 3,603 3,709 3,578 3,528 3,690 3,321

6,048 6,936 6,445 5,471 5,461 5,722 5,854 4,515 5,411 4,366 4,342 3,387 2,765

3,099 (27.2) 4,027 (30.8) 2,937 (31.8) 1,749 (47.0) 1,477 (90.6) 2,264 (616.9) 1,659 (449.7) 3,419 (36.8) 3,875 (36.9) 3,244 (54.2) 3,365 (65.2) 2,229 (79.0) 1,339 (171.6)

5,412 4,975 5,249 5,306 5,447 5,709 5,849 3,006 3,208 2,852 2,978 2,973 2,773

7,266 5,808 6,280 6,935 7,617 8,067 8,719 7,486 7,014 7,301 7,697 7,977 8,391

(89.3) (150.1) (130.2) (156.4) (144.5) (199.1) (162.6) (100.7) (113.2) (207.8) (181.9) (187.9) (223.9)

6,157 5,276 5,498 5,765 6,371 6,674 7,296 6,992 6,610 6,746 7,236 7,292 7,992

(63.8) (124.8) (93.8) (123.7) (107.3) (157.1) (129.7) (65.4) (102.7) (121.5) (144.7) (151.3) (149.4)

6,333 4,661 5,135 5,722 6,700 6,959 7,971 5,204 5,006 5,826 5,520 5,009 4,503

3,273 3,307 3,134

7,092 (191.2) 3,713 (99.1) 3,534 (104.1)

8,064 (131.0) 7,356 (108.9) 6,338 (98.8)

6,628 6,659 5,713

(85.7) (75.8) (89.8)

(122.8) (202.5) (163.3) (244.3) (605.1)

(126.7) (172.5) (166.8) (176.6) (179.6) (248.3) (180.8) (89.6) (112.1) (195.9) (205.1) (191.8) (184.9)

8,258 (210.4) 4,392 (99.5) 4,032 (97.0)

(105.1) (185.5) (146.6) (219.9) (558.4)

(117.8) (169.8) (130.8) (158.8) (162.9) (215.3) (171.4) (63.9) (79.3) (99.7) (106.7) (136.9) (166.0)

7,827 (185.3) 4,741 (88.8) 4,461 (88.5)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source or type of aid. 2 Includes Parent Loans for Undergraduate Students (PLUS). 3Details on federal and nonfederal work study participants are not available. 4Excludes persons not reported by race/ethnicity and persons reporting more than one race.

(27.6) (31.3)

Work study

Federal2

(51.4) (33.0) (30.7)

(111.1) (210.2) (150.0) (236.8) (568.1)

(123.3) (174.4) (149.9) (166.0) (165.4) (211.0) (169.5) (69.4) (106.2) (130.2) (147.5) (181.2) (167.1)

5

6,442 (194.6) 5,783 (179.5)

2,022 1,886

(46.6) (49.4)

5,215 (240.2) 4,087 (220.1)

5,560 (265.3) 4,705 (295.9)

3,060 (273.4) 2,969 (214.6)

6,222 5,401 5,500 6,728 ‡

1,917 1,959 1,985 2,027 ‡

(42.5) (88.6) (99.8) (91.0) (†)

4,942 4,338 4,808 4,390 ‡

5,669 4,485 5,170 4,321 ‡

(264.7) (327.7) (734.5) (856.1) (†)

2,868 (196.9) 2,991 (458.5) 3,401 (866.8) ‡ (†) ‡ (†)

4,630 (281.1) 5,497 (342.4) 4,350 (245.2)

5,117 (329.8) 5,762 (364.2) 4,975 (291.2)

2,794 (269.3) 3,395 (544.4) 3,080 (222.2)

1,927 (42.8) 2,243 (124.1) 1,846 (208.2)

4,758 (201.7) 4,808 (311.2) 4,939 (710.6)

5,269 (228.0) 5,279 (393.6) ‡ (†)

3,008 (220.1) 3,043 (268.3) ‡ (†)

1,897 (44.1) 1,904 (72.9) 1,948 (72.6) 1,872 (67.9) 1,820 (69.0) 1,745 (60.3) 2,059 (86.0) 2,143 (68.8) 1,975 (84.2) 2,380 (129.1) 2,044 (236.9) 2,351 (215.7) ‡ (†)

4,689 4,235 4,550 4,622 3,755 6,164 5,235 4,820 4,654 5,139 4,859 3,976 5,445

5,145 4,484 4,975 4,852 4,145 6,486 6,614 5,352 5,434 5,735 5,575 4,085 5,857

2,981 2,902 2,725 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ 3,020 2,901 2,964 2,901 3,233 3,276

1,801 2,203 1,888

5,391 (565.2) 4,826 (216.0) 4,219 (214.6)

(174.7) (298.1) (375.6) (584.3) (†)

(153.0) (307.8) (253.9) (254.8) (313.1) (321.3) (343.3) (300.0) (349.9) (764.2) (813.8) (437.7) (497.5)

7,104 (231.6) 5,661 (248.7) 5,045 (148.1)

(49.9) (63.1) (70.5)

(215.1) (303.8) (648.2) (805.2) (†)

(341.1) (604.8) (679.1) (542.8) (608.4) (1,623.3) (1,142.2) (190.8) (376.2) (359.7) (514.5) (431.7) (571.1)

(403.2) (689.6) (848.8) (659.3) (708.9) (1,771.4) (1,607.4) (225.9) (471.0) (406.7) (717.9) (529.6) (650.1)

5,971 (664.9) 5,407 (255.3) 4,531 (234.7)

(254.6) (641.4) (618.1) (†) (†) (†) (†) (206.7) (393.7) (386.8) (296.9) (503.0) (395.8)

3,696 (409.9) 2,953 (220.0) 2,592 (324.3)

Includes students who were single, divorced, or widowed. NOTE: Rows may not sum to totals because of rounding, survey item nonresponse, and/or the fact that some students receive aid from multiple sources. Data include undergraduates in degree-granting and non-degree-granting institutions. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Data include Puerto Rico. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:04). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 517 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

9,989 (148.0) 9,831 (114.9)

10,053 10,350 10,551 9,678 9,755 10,093 9,850 9,552 10,450 9,674 9,494 8,700 7,799

Loans

2 All full-time or full-year undergraduates ............... $9,899 (106.7) $7,304

Sex Male ............................................ Female ........................................

Grants

Total1

Any aid Selected student characteristic 1 All part-time or part-year undergraduates ............... $4,860

Grants

Loans

Total1

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

2

3

4

5

6

7

(67.1) $4,765

(51.3) $2,549

(66.7) $2,449

(35.3) $1,983

(18.4) $2,054

(45.7) $5,642

(51.7) (39.3)

(31.9) (20.7)

(63.9) (56.2)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Sex Male ............................................ Female ........................................

5,042 (117.0) 4,746 (64.6)

4,991 4,634

(92.3) (56.3)

2,783 (103.4) 2,396 (65.9)

2,504 2,418

Race/ethnicity4 White, non-Hispanic.................... Black, non-Hispanic .................... Hispanic ...................................... Asian/Pacific Islander.................. American Indian/Alaska Native...

4,837 4,908 4,622 5,316 4,246

(100.9) (149.4) (121.6) (253.5) (422.6)

4,901 4,735 4,306 4,833 4,289

(83.0) (115.6) (105.8) (169.9) (373.3)

2,620 (89.9) 2,187 (94.1) 2,355 (109.2) 3,158 (236.5) 2,090 (282.6)

2,370 (48.2) 2,476 (73.3) 2,487 (56.0) 3,046 (161.0) 2,384 (236.4)

1,872 (23.6) 2,045 (35.7) 2,089 (26.8) 2,284 (90.1) 2,264 (246.5)

Age 23 years old or younger .............. 24 to 29 years old ....................... 30 years old or over ....................

5,273 (128.2) 5,059 (80.3) 4,260 (86.6)

4,439 5,125 4,913

(83.7) (67.9) (84.4)

3,288 (117.0) 2,168 (82.0) 1,975 (61.2)

2,952 2,195 2,069

(63.8) (44.2) (40.1)

2,055 1,957 1,907

Marital status Not married5 ............................... Married........................................ Separated ...................................

5,153 (89.2) 4,142 (86.9) 4,872 (225.6)

4,729 (59.8) 4,868 (86.5) 4,826 (210.5)

2,813 (87.8) 2,020 (63.9) 1,918 (167.7)

2,634 1,984 2,460

(45.0) (42.6) (96.4)

Dependency status and family income Dependent .................................. Less than $20,000 .................. $20,000–$39,999 .................... $40,000–$59,999 .................... $60,000–$79,999 .................... $80,000–$99,999 .................... $100,000 or more.................... Independent................................ Less than $10,000 .................. $10,000–$19,999 .................... $20,000–$29,999 .................... $30,000–$49,999 .................... $50,000 or more......................

5,458 5,075 5,224 5,370 5,454 5,716 6,530 4,586 5,130 4,816 4,789 4,307 3,889

4,454 4,205 4,105 4,392 4,526 4,989 5,697 4,917 4,876 4,718 4,961 4,773 5,508

3,549 2,821 3,171 3,528 3,772 4,060 4,639 2,055 2,171 1,947 1,844 2,051 2,171

3,111 3,334 3,050 2,740 3,071 3,014 3,523 2,165 2,599 2,142 2,196 1,835 1,910

Housing status School-owned ............................. Off-campus, not with parents...... With parents................................

8,776 (400.3) 4,596 (59.6) 4,554 (85.8)

(151.5) (180.1) (152.0) (293.3) (249.0) (305.5) (346.1) (54.5) (128.2) (109.4) (102.9) (113.1) (121.8)

(97.5) (111.9) (99.0) (190.6) (206.0) (284.1) (314.3) (50.3) (104.9) (100.9) (78.1) (122.2) (169.5)

5,858 (201.2) 4,775 (55.3) 4,460 (81.8)

(131.2) (201.0) (160.1) (269.8) (221.7) (307.5) (345.6) (54.8) (125.3) (98.4) (73.9) (88.9) (83.8)

6,066 (350.0) 2,222 (53.8) 2,283 (77.1)

2,208 1,954

Total 8

9

(89.2) $5,145

2,105 (59.9) 1,901 (97.1) 1,843 (94.0) 2,438 (182.2) 1,697 (212.6)

5,764 5,214 5,466 6,313 5,130

(123.9) (113.7) (160.6) (358.0) (577.6)

5,214 5,009 4,927 5,609 4,479

(88.4) (114.4) (120.9) (235.5) (419.3)

(22.1) (29.9) (29.8)

2,646 1,629 1,677

(84.6) (61.3) (49.0)

5,369 (139.7) 5,855 (97.1) 5,852 (110.2)

4,652 5,436 5,590

2,028 1,764 2,155

(20.5) (29.6) (70.8)

2,225 (61.4) 1,724 (50.9) 1,591 (143.2)

(79.0) (113.9) (97.5) (175.1) (221.6) (264.5) (235.9) (28.0) (56.5) (52.0) (48.2) (50.0) (71.0)

2,043 2,483 1,963 1,249 1,301 776 922 1,959 2,255 1,868 2,065 1,381 1,152

(27.1) (37.6) (39.0) (58.8) (129.3) (300.7) (303.9) (19.7) (30.3) (30.8) (33.6) (32.7) (227.2)

2,846 2,432 2,654 2,801 3,039 3,032 3,523 1,669 1,626 1,483 1,480 1,689 1,906

4,967 (226.5) 2,216 (29.9) 2,406 (47.5)

2,208 1,943 2,032

(78.9) (21.4) (24.1)

5

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

10

11

12

13

14

(78.8) (85.7)

(98.0) (71.8)

4,867 (238.4) 1,775 (36.2) 1,871 (67.5)

Nonfederal

(62.7) $2,891 (119.8) $2,995 (126.6) $2,373 (155.8)

5,359 5,017

(95.0) (196.4) (128.0) (205.0) (224.1) (268.9) (246.0) (37.7) (82.1) (86.9) (63.3) (69.4) (73.5)

5,268 (401.4) 4,714 (185.4)

2,046 1,987

5,235 3,669 4,562 4,901 ‡

(275.4) (196.1) (327.4) (753.2) (†)

(97.0) (74.5) (98.4)

5,596 (104.2) 5,837 (115.4) 5,315 (214.0)

5,481 4,567 4,912 5,308 5,363 6,127 7,394 5,731 5,391 5,529 5,472 5,931 6,570

(166.2) (214.3) (180.3) (260.8) (258.8) (328.9) (393.7) (81.8) (164.2) (118.4) (117.1) (163.8) (176.4)

6,422 (387.3) 5,670 (85.6) 5,283 (109.0)

Other

Total3

(64.6) $4,958 (243.0) $2,012

5,989 (146.4) 5,433 (78.6)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source or type of aid. 2 Includes Parent Loans for Undergraduate Students (PLUS). 3Details on federal and nonfederal work study participants are not available. 4Excludes persons not reported by race/ethnicity and persons reporting more than one race.

1,975 1,986

Work study

Federal2

3,067 (138.5) 2,589 (134.9)

3,112 (143.9) 2,723 (172.1)

2,572 (227.5) 2,270 (163.0)

1,963 (85.3) 1,978 (132.7) 1,975 (154.2) 2,496 (181.0) ‡ (†)

2,940 2,758 2,795 3,294 ‡

(144.6) (249.5) (261.8) (741.3) (†)

3,219 (156.1) 2,826 (267.4) 2,505 (294.9) ‡ (†) ‡ (†)

1,952 (175.0) 2,138 (249.8) 4,126 (520.9) ‡ (†) ‡ (†)

5,248 (294.7) 4,902 (339.1) 4,279 (315.3)

1,943 (75.9) 2,076 (156.7) 2,160 (142.6)

2,644 (167.4) 3,231 (223.1) 2,824 (165.9)

2,708 (203.7) 3,296 (246.8) 2,962 (170.1)

2,229 (331.6) 2,629 (283.4) 2,359 (200.3)

5,005 (70.0) 5,588 (103.9) 5,089 (185.2)

5,188 (272.6) 4,157 (285.0) 3,711 (459.0)

1,963 (59.5) 2,318 (208.9) ‡ (†)

2,952 (137.5) 2,784 (175.2) 3,226 (627.4)

3,094 (158.1) 2,808 (187.6) ‡ (†)

2,285 (197.1) 2,569 (267.9) ‡ (†)

4,672 3,998 4,203 4,590 4,595 5,103 6,186 5,399 4,935 5,224 5,234 5,580 6,280

5,485 4,430 4,830 5,878 4,805 5,994 7,172 4,486 4,654 4,198 4,000 4,798 4,752

1,919 1,773 1,849 1,868 2,033 2,296 2,014 2,109 1,971 2,339 1,664 2,401 2,410

2,405 2,540 2,187 1,970 3,230 ‡ 2,220 2,981 3,248 3,091 3,104 2,954 2,726

2,405 ‡ 2,469 2,145 3,202 ‡ 2,113 3,105 3,662 3,350 3,453 2,988 2,658

2,402 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ 2,368 2,213 2,082 2,042 2,572 3,060

(114.7) (173.3) (122.4) (184.9) (217.4) (303.7) (319.1) (66.4) (112.3) (110.1) (111.4) (139.1) (158.6)

5,146 (203.0) 5,242 (70.3) 4,901 (97.0)

(318.9) (479.1) (484.7) (820.3) (371.6) (473.4) (742.2) (280.0) (503.2) (316.3) (239.9) (593.7) (479.6)

6,962 (795.5) 4,856 (225.5) 4,134 (206.5)

(71.4) (170.6) (88.9) (116.8) (158.1) (283.2) (160.0) (94.6) (123.8) (158.3) (246.7) (304.3) (450.7)

1,883 (118.2) 2,063 (75.7) 2,000 (135.3)

(182.5) (534.8) (322.4) (322.2) (464.3) (†) (476.3) (132.7) (288.9) (241.3) (265.3) (228.6) (194.5)

3,237 (383.1) 2,891 (148.4) 2,847 (143.6)

(235.4) (†) (396.7) (393.3) (700.0) (†) (496.3) (138.7) (384.1) (308.0) (323.8) (244.9) (213.2)

3,394 (489.3) 3,000 (161.0) 2,931 (148.8)

(422.6) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (161.1) (276.3) (251.0) (196.8) (333.6) (370.5)

‡ (†) 2,344 (155.5) 2,450 (338.0)

Includes students who were single, divorced, or widowed. NOTE: Rows may not sum to totals because of rounding, survey item nonresponse, and/or the fact that some students receive aid from multiple sources. Data include undergraduates in degree-granting and non-degree-granting institutions. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Data include Puerto Rico. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:04). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

518 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

Table 318. Average amount of financial aid awarded to part-time or part-year undergraduates, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics: 2003–04

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 519 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance _

Table 319. Undergraduates enrolled full time and part time, by aid status, source of aid, and control and type of institution: 2003–04

Control and type of institution

Aid status, in percents

Number of undergraduates,1 in thousands

Average cumulative amount borrowed for undergraduate education2

Nonaided

Any aid3

Federal

State

Institutional

Other3

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1

Receiving aid, by source

Full-time, full-year students All institutions...................

7,824

(93.5) $12,750

(130.4)

23.9

(0.40)

76.1

(0.40)

61.7

(0.42)

22.6

(0.48)

31.4

(0.66)

22.6

(0.35)

Public........................................ 4-year doctoral ...................... Other 4-year.......................... 2-year.................................... Less than 2-year ...................

5,662 2,411 1,198 2,026 27

(78.1) (33.2) (42.8) (59.1) (2.1)

11,260 12,707 11,500 8,294 6,870

(125.7) (136.8) (313.3) (263.5) (362.3)

28.9 24.5 23.0 37.7 33.3

(0.49) (0.64) (1.12) (1.22) (2.51)

71.1 75.5 77.0 62.3 66.7

(0.49) (0.64) (1.12) (1.22) (2.51)

56.1 58.2 64.0 48.9 48.7

(0.47) (0.71) (1.20) (1.15) (2.75)

21.7 22.9 26.7 17.5 4.7

(0.52) (0.47) (1.68) (0.84) (1.08)

23.6 31.7 23.6 14.2 6.4

(0.63) (0.72) (1.58) (0.99) (1.39)

19.0 21.7 20.0 14.9 29.8

(0.38) (0.46) (0.86) (0.73) (2.76)

Private, not-for-profit ................. 4-year doctoral ...................... Other 4-year.......................... Less than 4-year ...................

1,635 668 921 47

(38.9) (27.5) (36.8) (4.4)

15,458 (287.8) 16,033 (568.0) 15,268 (453.4) 11,436 (1,847.7)

11.4 15.9 8.2 11.2

(0.78) (1.16) (1.08) (2.63)

88.6 84.1 91.8 88.8

(0.78) (1.16) (1.08) (2.63)

73.1 66.2 77.9 76.8

(0.81) (1.69) (1.25) (4.76)

28.5 23.1 32.4 30.3

(1.50) (1.93) (2.41) (5.45)

64.9 63.6 67.2 37.7

(1.77) (2.55) (3.44) (6.84)

33.7 34.3 33.8 23.5

(0.96) (1.66) (1.88) (3.81)

Private, for-profit ....................... 2-year and above .................. Less than 2-year ...................

527 393 134

(21.6) (21.0) (3.0)

15,100 16,950 8,044

(500.8) (596.3) (368.5)

7.9 5.2 15.7

(0.72) (0.89) (1.13)

92.1 94.8 84.3

(0.72) (0.89) (1.13)

86.9 90.6 76.0

(0.92) (1.14) (1.31)

13.3 16.5 3.9

(1.80) (2.49) (0.49)

11.1 11.0 11.4

(1.42) (1.95) (0.97)

27.9 30.2 20.9

(1.66) (2.12) (1.22)

Part-time or part-year students All institutions ....................

11,230

(93.5)

8,363

(138.1)

45.7

(0.56)

54.3

(0.56)

38.5

(0.44)

9.2

(0.41)

10.1

(0.42)

17.6

(0.35)

Public........................................ 4-year doctoral ...................... Other 4-year.......................... 2-year.................................... Less than 2-year ...................

9,015 1,516 984 6,449 66

(74.6) (33.3) (47.7) (59.1) (2.1)

7,340 (136.5) 13,524 (329.0) 10,243 (520.6) 4,831 (128.4) 4,584 (1,507.7)

52.4 41.0 43.9 56.4 57.6

(0.69) (1.12) (2.33) (0.92) (4.11)

47.6 59.0 56.1 43.6 42.4

(0.69) (1.12) (2.33) (0.92) (4.11)

32.0 42.9 42.0 28.0 19.6

(0.52) (0.92) (2.03) (0.66) (1.80)

9.1 9.8 9.9 8.8 3.6

(0.44) (0.47) (1.21) (0.56) (1.81)

7.8 14.6 8.9 6.1 4.1

(0.37) (0.80) (1.07) (0.48) (1.23)

15.0 17.8 16.7 14.0 24.0

(0.39) (0.74) (0.99) (0.51) (3.02)

Private, not-for-profit ................. 4-year doctoral ...................... Other 4-year.......................... Less than 4-year ...................

1,204 356 786 62

(37.4) (17.6) (37.2) (4.4)

11,341 (502.2) 12,537 (678.9) 11,153 (733.0) 7,391 (1,168.4)

23.7 26.9 22.6 19.3

(1.07) (1.48) (1.45) (3.62)

76.3 73.1 77.4 80.7

(1.07) (1.48) (1.45) (3.62)

52.4 45.8 54.2 66.9

(1.42) (2.20) (2.21) (3.72)

13.0 11.5 13.5 14.7

(1.11) (1.28) (1.61) (3.12)

29.8 38.5 26.4 22.7

(2.24) (3.12) (3.32) (4.44)

30.9 30.5 31.8 21.3

(1.37) (1.63) (2.19) (3.10)

Private, for-profit ....................... 2-year and above .................. Less than 2-year ...................

1,011 636 375

(19.5) (19.2) (3.0)

10,233 12,418 6,145

12.4 9.3 17.7

(0.54) (0.72) (0.97)

87.6 90.7 82.3

(0.54) (0.72) (0.97)

79.8 83.3 73.8

(0.85) (1.26) (0.91)

5.4 7.5 1.9

(0.84) (1.33) (0.18)

6.6 6.5 6.7

(0.80) (1.23) (0.93)

24.6 27.3 19.9

(1.41) (2.27) (0.73)

1

(349.2) (497.4) (159.3)

Numbers of undergraduates may not equal figures reported in other tables, since these data are based on a sample survey of students who enrolled at any time during the academic year. 2 Includes only those students who borrowed to finance their undergraduate education. Excludes loans from family sources. 3Includes students who reported that they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source of the aid.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and because some students receive multiple types of aid and aid from different sources. Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported. Standard errors appear in parentheses. The numbers in column 2 may not add to totals because of rounding. Data include Puerto Rico. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:04). (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Any aid Control and type of institution

Work study1

Loans

Other

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

10.2 (0.48)

Total

1

Grants

2

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1992–93 All institutions ..........................

58.7 (0.81)

45.6 (0.80)

37.9 (0.76)

48.9 (0.75)

29.4 (0.76)

34.0 (0.71)

32.3 (0.78)

31.3 (0.77)

2.7 (0.20)

6.8 (0.39)

9.5 (0.40)

5.2 (0.28)

4.6

(0.32)

Public................................................. 4-year doctoral ............................... Other 4-year................................... 2-year............................................. Less than 2-year ............................

52.6 54.1 57.1 47.2 35.4

(1.03) (1.18) (1.56) (2.35) (7.28)

40.0 39.3 46.1 36.0 31.6

(0.98) (1.17) (1.61) (2.09) (7.27)

33.0 34.8 37.4 27.0 15.7

(0.88) (0.81) (1.69) (1.96) (6.50)

43.1 42.4 46.1 41.9 30.3

(0.94) (1.02) (1.65) (2.19) (5.52)

27.8 23.8 32.1 29.9 26.6

(0.83) (0.96) (1.63) (1.81) (5.70)

29.1 30.8 32.4 24.3 12.8

(0.79) (0.74) (1.55) (1.87) (5.75)

25.5 31.2 32.2 12.1 3.0

(0.89) (1.05) (1.38) (1.40) (1.63)

24.8 30.4 31.1 11.7 3.0

(0.88) (1.04) (1.34) (1.38) (1.63)

2.0 2.4 2.8 0.7 0.6

(0.22) (0.26) (0.59) (0.24) (0.51)

6.8 7.1 9.5 4.1 1.5

(0.43) (0.55) (0.76) (0.75) (0.98)

4.2 4.3 5.4 3.0 1.4

(0.30) (0.37) (0.57) (0.58) (0.95)

7.9 8.6 7.9 7.0 5.1

(0.40) (0.43) (0.63) (0.94) (2.59)

3.7 5.0 4.2 1.3 0.8

(0.27) (0.37) (0.42) (0.47) (0.62)

4.4 3.9 3.8 5.7 4.4

(0.33) (0.27) (0.55) (0.84) (2.49)

Private, not-for-profit .......................... 4-year doctoral ............................... Other 4-year................................... Less than 4-year ............................

70.2 63.6 76.2 73.9

(1.52) (1.80) (2.07) (4.01)

53.4 44.5 60.8 63.9

(1.43) (1.57) (2.07) (5.69)

58.0 54.8 62.7 42.0

(1.60) (1.78) (2.66) (5.38)

62.9 56.1 69.4 61.3

(1.50) (1.79) (2.07) (4.73)

27.7 17.3 35.6 47.3

(1.78) (1.29) (2.77) (7.16)

54.1 51.8 58.1 35.4

(1.64) (1.70) (2.81) (6.71)

45.4 40.5 50.6 39.7

(1.33) (1.37) (2.17) (5.73)

43.6 38.5 49.0 38.1

(1.31) (1.31) (2.20) (5.51)

5.0 6.1 4.1 2.5

(0.48) (0.65) (0.77) (0.97)

22.2 18.9 27.0 4.6

(1.11) (1.24) (1.61) (1.36)

15.9 13.2 19.7 3.0

(0.99) (1.38) (1.47) (1.01)

12.1 11.6 12.2 17.2

(0.98) (0.96) (1.80) (3.97)

7.7 7.4 7.9 9.4

(0.54) (0.70) (0.85) (4.28)

5.0 4.5 5.3 7.8

(0.90) (0.67) (1.71) (3.07)

Private, for-profit ................................ 2-year and above ........................... Less than 2-year ............................

77.3 (2.53) 82.7 (3.43) 73.2 (3.27)

11.3 (2.29) 18.8 (4.48) 5.6 (1.21)

4.5 6.5 3.1

(1.02) (2.11) (0.86)

72.4 (2.76) 77.4 (4.27) 68.6 (3.26)

16.4 (2.97) 22.7 (5.67) 11.5 (2.43)

57.0 (2.67) 52.5 (4.19) 60.4 (3.57)

50.9 (2.69) 43.4 (4.13) 56.7 (3.75)

11.4 (2.75) 16.4 (5.15) 7.5 (2.47)

52.9 (3.87) 63.3 (4.16) 45.0 (5.12)

52.4 (3.87) 63.0 (4.18) 44.3 (5.09)

2.1 (0.66) 3.0 (1.41) 1.5 (0.40)

1.9 (1.18) 3.5 (2.55) 0.7 (0.43) 11.0 (0.55)

0.8 (0.36) 1.4 (0.78) 0.2 (0.09)

15.6 (2.42) 24.6 (4.64) 8.7 (1.48)

1995–96 All institutions ..........................

68.4 (0.76)

55.6 (0.79)

45.7 (0.85)

54.1 (0.80)

30.6 (0.79)

41.0 (0.82)

43.7 (0.80)

43.2 (0.80)

1.7 (0.24)

9.0 (0.46)

10.9 (0.43)

5.0 (0.27)

5.9

(0.36)

Public................................................. 4-year doctoral ............................... Other 4-year................................... 2-year............................................. Less than 2-year ............................

62.8 65.4 69.3 55.9 39.5

(0.97) (1.16) (1.38) (2.29) (9.87)

50.8 51.9 59.8 44.5 20.6

(0.97) (1.12) (1.34) (2.33) (6.51)

39.0 42.2 44.5 31.3 27.5

(0.97) (1.18) (1.58) (2.25) (7.17)

47.5 47.6 52.3 44.6 30.9

(0.99) (1.20) (1.48) (2.36) (7.49)

29.6 26.1 34.4 31.1 18.5

(0.99) (1.13) (1.53) (2.43) (5.86)

34.2 37.2 40.0 26.9 16.0

(0.89) (1.19) (1.45) (1.93) (5.29)

37.2 44.5 47.4 21.8 4.4

(0.93) (1.10) (1.60) (1.85) (2.28)

36.9 44.1 47.2 21.3 4.4

(0.92) (1.10) (1.60) (1.83) (2.28)

0.8 1.4 0.4 0.4 #

(0.19) (0.34) (0.14) (0.39) (†)

7.0 7.4 9.2 5.1 0.1

(0.52) (0.74) (0.86) (1.16) (0.14)

5.4 5.3 6.7 4.7 0.1

(0.42) (0.46) (0.63) (1.07) (0.14)

9.3 11.0 8.6 7.4 12.6

(0.52) (0.75) (0.66) (1.17) (4.52)

3.7 5.6 3.7 1.3 0.1

(0.30) (0.58) (0.45) (0.35) (0.06)

5.5 5.4 4.8 6.0 12.0

(0.42) (0.54) (0.48) (1.04) (4.36)

Private, not-for-profit .......................... 4-year doctoral ............................... Other 4-year................................... Less than 4-year ............................

80.3 70.6 85.6 79.2

(1.12) (1.56) (1.43) (5.71)

64.0 55.4 68.3 67.5

(1.43) (1.77) (1.99) (6.37)

67.6 61.2 72.5 52.0

(1.58) (1.84) (2.19) (8.29)

71.3 61.6 77.3 61.9

(1.34) (1.69) (1.83) (4.87)

28.6 19.3 32.5 40.0

(1.37) (0.93) (2.10) (4.69)

64.8 58.7 70.1 42.0

(1.64) (1.92) (2.27) (6.10)

56.9 50.9 60.4 52.9

(1.41) (1.80) (1.94) (7.57)

56.2 49.9 60.0 51.7

(1.42) (1.88) (1.95) (7.28)

3.4 3.9 2.6 9.3

(0.64) (0.84) (0.59) (7.17)

24.7 22.6 27.6 5.3

(1.45) (1.66) (2.10) (2.22)

21.0 20.2 23.0 4.6

(1.26) (1.62) (1.80) (2.00)

14.0 13.3 14.6 11.4

(0.86) (0.86) (1.29) (3.30)

8.2 8.6 8.2 5.0

(0.61) (0.77) (0.90) (1.43)

6.1 4.9 6.7 6.3

(0.74) (0.52) (1.15) (2.16)

Private, for-profit ................................ 2-year and above ........................... Less than 2-year ............................

86.2 (1.73) 85.8 (1.85) 86.6 (2.92)

7.6 (1.09) 7.8 (1.36) 7.4 (1.69)

8.9 6.9 10.9

(1.32) (1.19) (2.33)

79.7 (2.05) 80.3 (2.58) 79.1 (3.16)

32.8 (3.11) 33.0 (3.41) 32.5 (5.18)

61.3 (2.40) 60.0 (3.02) 62.5 (3.72)

53.9 (2.53) 49.1 (3.23) 58.6 (3.83)

20.2 (2.64) 26.0 (3.83) 14.5 (3.61)

67.7 (3.40) 70.9 (3.50) 64.6 (5.75)

65.5 (3.67) 70.9 (3.51) 60.3 (6.32)

5.1 (1.89) 1.4 (0.74) 8.7 (3.61)

0.5 (0.16) 0.7 (0.26) 0.3 (0.18)

0.5 (0.15) 0.7 (0.26) 0.2 (0.15)

17.2 (1.74) 15.3 (1.86) 19.1 (2.92)

1999–2000 All institutions ..........................

72.5 (0.51)

57.7 (0.56)

51.8 (0.64)

58.7 (0.59)

30.3 (0.59)

48.3 (0.65)

45.4 (0.62)

44.3 (0.63)

6.8 (0.25)

11.2 (0.38)

8.5 (0.31)

1.9

(0.17)

Public................................................. 4-year doctoral ............................... Other 4-year................................... 2-year............................................. Less than 2-year ............................

67.5 71.0 75.0 58.2 60.7

(0.64) (0.65) (1.24) (1.34) (5.94)

52.6 54.7 62.2 43.8 48.1

(0.68) (0.70) (1.48) (1.28) (6.42)

46.0 48.7 50.0 40.0 33.6

(0.72) (0.74) (1.61) (1.56) (4.81)

53.0 53.1 57.7 49.9 49.2

(0.70) (0.70) (1.74) (1.42) (6.35)

29.8 25.7 34.5 32.1 40.8

(0.69) (0.72) (2.11) (1.17) (6.85)

42.5 44.6 46.2 37.7 25.0

(0.72) (0.71) (1.60) (1.60) (5.05)

38.9 48.3 49.1 20.5 11.0

(0.74) (0.76) (1.75) (1.26) (4.14)

37.9 47.2 48.2 19.6 11.0

(0.75) (0.78) (1.78) (1.24) (4.14)

4.4 5.5 4.5 3.1 0.3

(0.24) (0.36) (0.46) (0.47) (0.31)

7.2 8.3 10.4 3.8 0.8

(0.36) (0.46) (1.05) (0.53) (0.77)

5.4 5.8 7.7 3.4 #

(0.30) (0.38) (0.83) (0.50) (†)

8.2 9.6 7.8 6.5 17.2

(0.35) (0.45) (0.69) (0.74) (2.19)

3.9 6.1 3.9 1.1 0.1

(0.22) (0.37) (0.58) (0.19) (0.10)

1.9 1.6 1.7 2.4 11.7

(0.19) (0.15) (0.36) (0.49) (2.02)

Private, not-for-profit .......................... 4-year doctoral ............................... Other 4-year................................... Less than 4-year ............................

84.0 78.8 88.3 81.1

(0.77) (1.13) (1.12) (3.64)

67.6 62.3 72.2 62.6

(1.02) (1.41) (1.53) (3.94)

71.6 69.4 74.1 61.5

(1.27) (1.29) (2.12) (4.76)

74.7 69.7 78.7 73.9

(1.12) (1.24) (1.81) (3.59)

27.7 22.4 30.9 40.0

(1.23) (0.95) (2.13) (3.66)

68.9 66.4 71.6 59.4

(1.36) (1.36) (2.27) (5.18)

59.3 57.3 62.2 40.3

(1.14) (1.42) (1.79) (5.18)

57.7 55.5 60.6 40.2

(1.18) (1.43) (1.87) (5.19)

13.4 15.1 12.8 5.0

(0.65) (0.86) (1.01) (0.80)

24.4 24.7 24.8 15.1

(1.07) (1.17) (1.75) (2.91)

18.8 20.9 17.7 10.9

(0.82) (1.06) (1.26) (2.54)

12.8 12.0 13.2 14.6

(0.67) (0.74) (1.09) (1.94)

9.7 9.9 9.6 8.8

(0.56) (0.66) (0.90) (0.95)

1.5 1.1 1.8 2.0

(0.40) (0.20) (0.73) (0.81)

Private, for-profit ................................ 2-year and above ........................... Less than 2-year ............................

89.2 (1.25) 88.3 (1.60) 91.7 (1.27)

10.9 (1.42) 12.3 (1.80) 6.7 (1.87)

2.3 1.8 3.8

(0.50) (0.47) (1.40)

2.4 (0.12)

0.8

(0.09)

0.9 0.4 1.0 1.2 13.2

(0.11) (0.11) (0.30) (0.23) (2.30)

86.0 (1.50) 85.3 (1.90) 88.3 (1.92)

35.3 (3.45) 38.3 (4.46) 26.1 (3.49)

61.8 (2.49) 58.5 (2.99) 71.9 (3.47)

52.0 (2.95) 46.3 (3.47) 69.9 (3.52)

28.8 (3.14) 33.1 (4.01) 15.6 (3.83)

75.0 (2.87) 79.5 (2.77) 61.0 (7.08)

74.1 (2.93) 78.7 (2.80) 59.9 (7.28)

7.3 (1.69) 6.8 (2.15) 8.9 (1.89)

2.3 (0.84) 2.6 (1.03) 1.6 (1.41)

2.0 (0.83) 2.1 (1.00) 1.6 (1.41)

2003–04 All institutions ..........................

76.1 (0.40)

61.7 (0.42)

54.3 (0.52)

62.2 (0.48)

33.2 (0.32)

49.3 (0.51)

49.9 (0.44)

48.5 (0.43)

9.0 (0.31)

13.5 (0.41)

10.3 (0.36)

Public................................................. 4-year doctoral ............................... Other 4-year................................... 2-year............................................. Less than 2-year ............................

71.1 75.5 77.0 62.3 66.7

56.1 58.2 64.0 48.9 48.7

48.3 54.4 53.4 38.1 36.5

56.0 58.5 58.8 51.5 49.7

31.6 27.8 34.6 34.5 36.0

43.7 49.7 48.1 34.2 23.1

42.6 51.6 52.2 26.4 24.8

41.1 50.1 50.5 25.1 24.2

6.0 7.3 7.3 3.7 4.1

9.9 10.8 12.9 7.1 2.0

7.3 9.9 5.3 1.1 22.5

See notes at end of table.

(0.49) (0.64) (1.12) (1.22) (2.51)

(0.47) (0.71) (1.20) (1.15) (2.75)

(0.56) (0.55) (1.36) (1.22) (2.39)

(0.58) (0.61) (1.78) (1.20) (2.87)

(0.33) (0.79) (1.38) (0.88) (1.79)

(0.54) (0.57) (1.33) (1.17) (2.58)

(0.46) (0.74) (1.34) (1.03) (2.52)

(0.47) (0.74) (1.38) (1.02) (2.54)

(0.16) (0.31) (0.49) (0.26) (0.89)

(0.34) (0.41) (0.96) (0.54) (0.76)

(0.31) (0.87) (0.50) (0.57) (1.53)

9.6 (0.31)

16.1 (1.55) 17.1 (1.91) 12.9 (2.42) 3.2 (0.17) 3.3 2.5 3.5 3.9 15.0

(0.19) (0.20) (0.44) (0.38) (2.50)

5.6 (0.22)

2.5 2.1 2.6 2.8 1.9

(0.13) (0.16) (0.31) (0.26) (1.00)

520 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

Table 320. Percentage of full-time, full-year undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid received and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04

Table 320. Percentage of full-time, full-year undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid received and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04—Continued Any aid

Work study1

Loans

Other

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Total

Federal

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Total

Control and type of institution 1

Grants

2

Private, not-for-profit .......................... 4-year doctoral ............................... Other 4-year................................... Less than 4-year ............................

88.6 84.1 91.8 88.8

(0.78) (1.16) (1.08) (2.63)

Private, for-profit ................................ 2-year and above ........................... Less than 2-year ............................

92.1 (0.72) 94.8 (0.89) 84.3 (1.13)

73.1 66.2 77.9 76.8

(0.81) (1.69) (1.25) (4.76)

86.9 (0.92) 90.6 (1.14) 76.0 (1.31)

78.3 76.0 80.7 63.4

(1.28) (1.74) (2.77) (5.93)

44.3 (1.90) 48.0 (2.45) 33.3 (1.59)

81.0 75.9 85.0 76.3

(0.97) (1.34) (1.36) (3.71)

69.7 (1.68) 70.1 (2.17) 68.4 (1.44)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1Details on nonfederal work study participants are not available. 2Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source of aid.

31.9 24.3 36.5 49.6

(0.72) (3.06) (2.12) (3.98)

54.8 (1.69) 53.6 (2.21) 58.2 (1.61)

74.5 72.1 77.2 57.4

(1.34) (1.54) (2.75) (6.16)

31.3 (1.88) 35.0 (2.50) 20.2 (1.87)

66.0 60.8 70.3 56.4

(1.03) (2.07) (2.35) (5.05)

79.4 (1.18) 86.8 (1.43) 57.7 (1.62)

64.4 59.0 68.8 54.3

(1.05) (2.02) (2.34) (5.04)

78.2 (1.17) 86.1 (1.44) 55.2 (1.59)

17.0 17.7 16.9 10.1

(0.96) (1.85) (1.64) (2.42)

16.6 (1.45) 18.1 (1.91) 12.2 (1.18)

29.2 27.7 31.3 10.1

(1.26) (1.50) (2.29) (3.38)

3.6 (0.70) 4.2 (0.93) 1.7 (0.21)

23.0 24.2 8.6 3.7

(1.17) (1.93) (2.71) (0.82)

3.1 (0.62) 1.5 (0.22) 10.8 (0.41)

2.1 1.6 2.2 5.0

(0.19) (0.26) (0.29) (1.68)

5.2 (0.69) 5.5 (0.90) 4.2 (0.45)

1.7 1.4 2.0 1.6

Nonfederal 15

(0.18) (0.23) (0.28) (1.02)

0.4 0.3 0.3 3.4

(0.10) (0.11) (0.12) (1.39)

4.0 (0.57) 4.7 (0.76) 1.9 (0.28)

1.2 0.8 2.4

(0.30) (0.39) (0.30)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 521 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

NOTE: Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and because some students receive multiple types of aid and aid from different sources. Standard errors appear in parentheses. The 2003–04 loan estimates include PLUS loans and may differ from previously published figures. Data include Puerto Rico. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1992–93, 1995–96, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Studies (NPSAS:93, NPSAS:96, NPSAS:2000, and NPSAS:04). (This table was prepared August 2005.)

Any aid Control and type of institution

Work study1

Loans

Other

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Total

1

Grants

2

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1992–93 All institutions ...............

37.6 (0.80)

25.0 (0.83)

16.5 (0.44)

32.4 (0.76)

18.8 (0.77)

14.5 (0.39)

13.5 (0.50)

13.1 (0.49)

0.8 (0.09)

2.1 (0.13)

1.2 (0.09)

4.0 (0.26)

13.5 (0.49)

2.7

(0.24)

Public...................................... 4-year doctoral .................... Other 4-year........................ 2-year.................................. Less than 2-year .................

31.7 40.5 39.5 28.6 21.2

(0.71) (1.02) (1.24) (0.91) (3.11)

19.8 27.5 28.4 16.5 15.1

(0.67) (0.95) (1.25) (0.83) (3.55)

14.5 19.5 19.2 12.7 6.9

(0.46) (0.66) (1.00) (0.61) (1.47)

27.6 31.3 33.8 25.9 19.4

(0.66) (0.85) (1.17) (0.87) (3.43)

15.3 17.1 22.0 13.7 13.8

(0.60) (0.68) (1.17) (0.76) (3.90)

12.6 16.6 16.1 11.2 6.0

(0.40) (0.61) (0.88) (0.52) (1.41)

9.3 20.9 16.2 5.6 0.7

(0.41) (0.83) (0.99) (0.44) (0.32)

8.9 20.4 15.6 5.3 0.7

(0.39) (0.82) (0.93) (0.43) (0.32)

0.6 1.1 1.3 0.4 #

(0.09) (0.18) (0.32) (0.11) (†)

1.7 3.6 3.1 1.1 0.6

(0.12) (0.32) (0.42) (0.11) (0.36)

0.9 2.1 1.6 0.6 0.4

(0.09) (0.24) (0.26) (0.10) (0.34)

3.5 6.2 4.1 2.9 1.7

(0.30) (0.43) (0.46) (0.42) (0.70)

9.3 21.4 16.3 5.5 0.7

(0.40) (0.84) (0.98) (0.43) (0.32)

2.6 3.4 2.6 2.5 1.3

(0.29) (0.33) (0.41) (0.41) (0.57)

Private, not-for-profit ............... 4-year doctoral .................... Other 4-year........................ Less than 4-year .................

56.4 51.4 59.4 53.9

(1.96) (1.91) (2.83) (5.17)

35.1 28.3 38.1 35.8

(2.65) (1.49) (4.18) (4.98)

33.7 33.0 35.6 28.4

(1.54) (1.91) (2.25) (4.07)

50.2 44.4 53.8 47.3

(2.12) (1.90) (3.14) (4.83)

23.2 12.8 26.8 28.3

(2.96) (0.98) (4.73) (4.56)

31.7 31.7 33.6 24.4

(1.49) (1.91) (2.19) (4.05)

23.7 24.2 24.4 20.7

(1.38) (1.42) (2.08) (3.59)

23.2 23.3 23.9 20.3

(1.34) (1.39) (2.02) (3.58)

1.8 2.7 1.5 1.2

(0.23) (0.47) (0.32) (0.44)

5.9 5.4 7.3 1.2

(0.71) (0.88) (1.14) (0.66)

3.8 3.1 4.8 1.2

(0.42) (0.58) (0.65) (0.66)

5.3 4.2 5.7 5.8

(0.48) (0.48) (0.62) (1.88)

23.6 23.8 24.4 20.6

(1.36) (1.45) (2.04) (3.55)

2.9 1.5 3.4 3.6

(0.49) (0.29) (0.65) (1.85)

Private, for-profit ..................... 2-year and above ................ Less than 2-year .................

71.0 (3.08) 64.4 (5.75) 75.5 (2.78)

42.2 (3.54) 45.9 (5.61) 39.7 (4.46)

2.5 2.1 2.7

(0.65) (0.57) (1.03)

64.4 (3.44) 54.9 (5.93) 70.8 (3.36)

11.8 (1.58) 14.3 (2.75) 10.2 (1.74)

55.3 (3.30) 46.2 (4.25) 61.5 (4.15)

48.8 (3.61) 35.0 (4.19) 58.1 (4.52)

8.6 (1.34) 12.1 (2.45) 6.3 (1.27)

42.3 (3.54) 45.7 (5.59) 40.0 (4.50)

41.9 (3.51) 45.5 (5.58) 39.4 (4.42)

1.5 (0.46) 0.9 (0.63) 1.8 (0.63)

0.9 (0.29) 1.4 (0.58) 0.5 (0.27)

0.4 (0.11) 0.6 (0.24) 0.3 (0.08)

6.8 (0.95) 8.0 (1.52) 5.9 (1.22)

1995–96 All institutions ...............

38.3 (0.84)

24.8 (0.73)

24.0 (0.71)

29.9 (0.76)

16.6 (0.62)

19.7 (0.62)

14.4 (0.49)

14.1 (0.48)

0.7 (0.16)

1.4 (0.12)

1.1 (0.11)

5.4 (0.36)

0.8 (0.07)

4.3

(0.35)

Public...................................... 4-year doctoral .................... Other 4-year........................ 2-year.................................. Less than 2-year .................

33.7 41.8 41.9 30.7 34.3

(0.93) (1.25) (1.54) (1.23) (6.35)

20.8 31.2 30.9 17.2 13.9

(0.77) (1.14) (1.53) (0.99) (3.57)

21.8 23.7 22.8 21.1 26.0

(0.80) (1.19) (1.11) (1.06) (5.95)

26.6 28.9 30.2 25.4 27.8

(0.84) (1.13) (1.23) (1.11) (6.70)

14.4 16.9 18.2 13.4 12.3

(0.66) (0.95) (1.13) (0.87) (2.89)

17.9 19.0 19.3 17.5 17.4

(0.69) (1.02) (1.05) (0.90) (6.64)

10.5 25.9 22.3 5.7 2.2

(0.47) (1.09) (1.39) (0.57) (1.32)

10.3 25.6 22.1 5.5 2.2

(0.46) (1.09) (1.39) (0.54) (1.32)

0.3 0.7 0.4 0.3 #

(0.15) (0.22) (0.14) (0.20) (†)

1.2 2.4 2.3 0.8 #

(0.13) (0.37) (0.41) (0.15) (†)

0.9 1.4 2.0 0.7 #

(0.12) (0.23) (0.37) (0.14) (†)

4.7 5.8 4.8 4.4 8.6

(0.40) (0.65) (0.55) (0.53) (2.67)

0.5 1.7 0.8 0.2 #

(0.06) (0.34) (0.18) (0.05) (†)

3.9 3.9 3.7 3.9 8.3

(0.39) (0.56) (0.51) (0.52) (2.65)

Private, not-for-profit ............... 4-year doctoral .................... Other 4-year........................ Less than 4-year .................

55.6 51.0 58.4 50.8

(1.64) (1.80) (2.25) (6.21)

34.9 27.7 37.0 39.7

(1.73) (1.60) (2.49) (5.91)

41.5 39.7 44.6 28.3

(1.66) (2.08) (2.25) (5.56)

44.1 39.3 47.5 36.8

(1.68) (1.89) (2.41) (4.69)

17.9 12.0 19.1 24.6

(1.41) (1.36) (2.07) (4.01)

36.1 34.3 39.7 20.5

(1.63) (1.97) (2.28) (3.57)

26.4 24.4 27.3 26.2

(1.44) (1.33) (2.04) (5.37)

26.1 23.6 27.2 25.9

(1.43) (1.33) (2.03) (5.26)

1.4 1.4 0.8 4.3

(0.53) (0.63) (0.28) (3.90)

4.0 4.6 4.5 0.4

(0.50) (0.71) (0.75) (0.19)

3.1 3.7 3.3 0.3

(0.39) (0.67) (0.56) (0.18)

8.6 8.4 8.9 7.8

(1.09) (0.86) (1.65) (2.41)

2.0 2.1 1.7 2.9

(0.28) (0.36) (0.36) (0.97)

6.6 5.9 7.1 5.1

(1.07) (0.80) (1.64) (1.93)

Private, for-profit ..................... 2-year and above ................ Less than 2-year .................

74.1 (2.94) 74.5 (2.80) 73.8 (4.99)

4.2 (0.76) 4.9 (1.07) 3.5 (1.07)

5.8 6.9 4.7

(0.86) (1.29) (1.12)

66.5 (3.33) 66.9 (3.16) 66.1 (5.67)

24.3 (2.58) 25.5 (2.74) 23.2 (4.24)

53.4 (3.08) 53.4 (3.30) 53.5 (5.06)

46.4 (3.13) 44.8 (3.42) 47.9 (5.14)

15.3 (2.37) 17.9 (2.73) 13.0 (3.82)

50.3 (3.58) 50.2 (3.77) 50.5 (5.89)

49.3 (3.53) 49.8 (3.72) 48.8 (5.83)

4.6 (1.50) 1.7 (1.06) 7.2 (2.68)

0.4 (0.14) 0.8 (0.27) 0.1 (0.08)

0.4 (0.14) 0.7 (0.27) 0.1 (0.08)

10.4 (1.15) 12.2 (1.81) 8.7 (1.45)

1999–2000 All institutions ...............

44.6 (0.81)

29.8 (0.64)

27.4 (0.75)

35.4 (0.70)

18.6 (0.52)

25.0 (0.73)

18.4 (0.56)

17.7 (0.55)

2.1 (0.12)

1.9 (0.11)

1.4 (0.10)

1.2 (0.07)

1.5

(0.29)

Public...................................... 4-year doctoral .................... Other 4-year........................ 2-year.................................. Less than 2-year .................

39.7 51.0 51.2 34.9 38.6

(0.85) (0.93) (1.33) (1.14) (3.11)

24.8 36.8 37.0 19.8 21.9

(0.57) (0.93) (1.36) (0.69) (3.93)

25.3 30.0 29.9 23.5 22.2

(0.86) (0.83) (1.10) (1.20) (1.77)

31.7 35.7 39.1 29.5 29.6

(0.78) (0.79) (1.24) (1.08) (3.16)

15.9 17.9 21.5 14.4 18.2

(0.48) (0.70) (1.33) (0.62) (3.53)

23.3 26.7 27.9 21.9 14.4

(0.83) (0.70) (1.10) (1.16) (2.46)

13.5 31.5 27.4 6.9 5.0

(0.41) (0.96) (1.04) (0.42) (3.12)

13.0 30.3 26.6 6.5 4.7

(0.39) (0.87) (1.02) (0.40) (3.10)

1.3 3.3 2.4 0.6 0.4

(0.11) (0.42) (0.34) (0.10) (0.27)

1.5 3.0 3.1 0.8 1.6

(0.11) (0.28) (0.48) (0.12) (0.47)

1.1 1.9 2.5 0.7 0.9

(0.10) (0.25) (0.44) (0.11) (0.33)

4.5 5.2 4.7 4.1 11.1

(0.38) (0.35) (0.43) (0.52) (2.44)

0.7 2.3 0.9 0.3 0.4

(0.06) (0.22) (0.20) (0.05) (0.26)

1.4 0.8 1.0 1.5 7.9

(0.33) (0.12) (0.19) (0.47) (2.10)

Private, not-for-profit ............... 4-year doctoral .................... Other 4-year........................ Less than 4-year .................

64.8 60.2 66.2 71.2

(1.02) (1.59) (1.33) (4.24)

44.5 40.9 44.6 57.3

(1.56) (1.74) (2.23) (5.11)

47.2 46.8 48.5 37.2

(1.32) (1.64) (1.78) (6.39)

53.9 49.9 54.9 61.0

(1.15) (1.54) (1.58) (4.36)

22.1 17.0 22.2 41.7

(1.33) (1.15) (1.94) (4.22)

44.8 44.2 46.3 34.4

(1.44) (1.48) (2.02) (6.66)

34.8 35.1 34.4 36.4

(1.48) (1.76) (2.11) (5.14)

33.4 34.1 32.8 35.9

(1.39) (1.74) (1.95) (5.04)

6.0 7.6 5.7 2.9

(0.50) (1.01) (0.63) (0.62)

5.9 6.5 5.8 4.6

(0.52) (0.93) (0.68) (1.49)

4.0 4.7 3.7 3.5

(0.41) (0.80) (0.52) (1.12)

8.2 7.5 8.5 8.6

(0.81) (1.12) (1.15) (1.69)

3.4 3.7 2.9 5.6

(0.36) (0.61) (0.46) (1.40)

1.2 1.7 0.9 2.0

(0.28) (0.70) (0.28) (0.91)

Private, for-profit ..................... 2-year and above ................ Less than 2-year .................

83.1 (1.78) 81.8 (2.03) 84.7 (2.75)

4.6 (0.49) 5.9 (0.80) 3.1 (0.60)

3.9 2.5 5.5

(1.22) (0.76) (2.15)

78.5 (1.53) 77.9 (2.24) 79.1 (1.97)

22.3 (1.82) 25.4 (2.77) 18.7 (2.41)

58.9 (2.03) 54.0 (2.92) 64.5 (2.44)

53.3 (2.19) 45.6 (2.94) 62.2 (2.45)

14.6 (1.69) 19.3 (2.16) 9.1 (1.83)

62.7 (3.06) 69.5 (3.09) 54.8 (6.25)

61.2 (3.07) 68.5 (3.12) 52.9 (6.32)

6.1 (0.86) 6.0 (1.28) 6.3 (1.11)

0.3 (0.16) 0.3 (0.24) 0.4 (0.19)

0.3 (0.15) 0.3 (0.24) 0.3 (0.18)

5.2 (0.36)

11.4 (1.84) 11.1 (1.36) 11.8 (3.55)

2003–04 All institutions ...............

54.3 (0.56)

38.5 (0.44)

31.5 (0.59)

42.7 (0.57)

23.6 (0.35)

28.1 (0.57)

25.0 (0.30)

23.8 (0.30)

3.7 (0.16)

3.4 (0.14)

2.2 (0.09)

3.9 (0.20)

3.2 (0.19)

0.8

(0.10)

Public...................................... 4-year doctoral .................... Other 4-year........................ 2-year.................................. Less than 2-year .................

47.6 59.0 56.1 43.6 42.4

32.0 42.9 42.0 28.0 19.6

28.2 34.9 30.6 26.2 30.0

37.6 41.7 40.2 36.3 32.4

20.3 20.5 22.7 20.0 15.4

25.6 30.7 27.6 24.2 20.2

17.5 37.4 31.1 10.8 7.5

16.5 35.5 30.0 10.1 5.8

2.1 4.8 3.3 1.3 2.0

2.9 4.2 3.2 2.6 3.3

1.9 2.1 1.7 1.0 8.4

3.6 2.9 3.2 3.8 9.3

2.9 2.4 2.8 3.1 1.4

0.7 0.5 0.5 0.7 7.9

(0.12) (0.18) (0.20) (0.16) (2.10)

See notes at end of table.

(0.69) (1.12) (2.33) (0.92) (4.11)

(0.52) (0.92) (2.03) (0.66) (1.80)

(0.67) (1.06) (2.08) (0.87) (3.95)

(0.65) (1.10) (2.56) (0.88) (3.52)

(0.38) (0.71) (1.78) (0.51) (1.63)

(0.63) (1.07) (1.87) (0.82) (3.13)

(0.35) (0.88) (1.58) (0.37) (1.90)

(0.35) (0.83) (1.48) (0.37) (1.26)

(0.11) (0.33) (0.52) (0.11) (1.02)

(0.15) (0.37) (0.58) (0.18) (1.06)

(0.10) (0.41) (0.12) (0.56) (1.16)

(0.19) (0.26) (0.56) (0.27) (2.12)

(0.17) (0.27) (0.53) (0.22) (0.45)

522 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

Table 321. Percentage of part-time or part-year undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid received and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04

Table 321. Percentage of part-time or part-year undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid received and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04—Continued Any aid

1

Work study1

Loans

Other

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Nonfederal

Total

Federal

Total

Federal

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Total

Control and type of institution

Grants

2

Private, not-for-profit ............... 4-year doctoral .................... Other 4-year........................ Less than 4-year .................

76.3 73.1 77.4 80.7

(1.07) (1.48) (1.45) (3.62)

Private, for-profit ..................... 2-year and above ................ Less than 2-year .................

87.6 (0.54) 90.7 (0.72) 82.3 (0.97)

52.4 45.8 54.2 66.9

(1.42) (2.20) (2.21) (3.72)

79.8 (0.85) 83.3 (1.26) 73.8 (0.91)

55.3 60.1 53.8 47.1

(1.97) (2.23) (3.05) (4.44)

32.8 (1.44) 36.5 (2.28) 26.5 (1.13)

62.6 62.2 62.4 67.1

(1.67) (1.70) (2.43) (3.26)

63.7 (1.20) 64.5 (1.85) 62.4 (0.96)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Details on nonfederal work study participants are not available. 2Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source of aid.

24.6 19.0 25.3 48.4

(1.04) (2.07) (1.85) (3.52)

51.9 (1.36) 50.5 (2.15) 54.2 (0.73)

52.1 56.4 51.0 40.1

(2.16) (2.25) (3.26) (4.20)

21.2 (1.10) 24.9 (1.77) 14.9 (0.91)

43.5 41.7 44.2 44.0

(1.30) (2.06) (2.09) (5.58)

70.3 (1.03) 77.9 (1.44) 57.6 (0.76)

41.2 38.6 42.5 39.8

(1.25) (2.16) (2.06) (4.53)

68.5 (1.01) 76.4 (1.40) 55.0 (0.84)

8.6 11.0 7.5 8.5

(0.78) (1.14) (1.14) (2.78)

12.2 (1.12) 13.6 (1.75) 9.8 (0.53)

8.4 12.7 6.8 3.8

(0.71) (1.40) (0.86) (1.06)

1.6 (0.23) 1.3 (0.34) 2.1 (0.19)

5.9 5.0 2.9 1.0

(0.64) (0.78) (0.83) (0.31)

1.1 (0.21) 1.2 (0.15) 4.2 (0.37)

4.7 1.2 6.3 4.6

(0.87) (0.40) (1.33) (1.52)

5.4 (0.78) 5.6 (1.26) 5.0 (0.46)

4.3 1.1 6.0 1.4

Nonfederal 15

(0.89) (0.41) (1.39) (0.86)

0.4 ‡ 0.3 3.3

(0.12) (†) (0.17) (1.36)

3.9 (0.77) 5.1 (1.24) 1.9 (0.20)

1.5 0.5 3.2

(0.19) (0.18) (0.38)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 523 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

NOTE: Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and because some students receive multiple types of aid and aid from different sources. The 2003–04 loan estimates include PLUS loans and may differ from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Data include Puerto Rico. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1992–93, 1995–96, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Studies (NPSAS:93, NPSAS:96, NPSAS:2000, and NPSAS:04). (This table was prepared August 2005.)

524 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

Table 322. Percentage of full-time and part-time undergraduates receiving aid, by federal aid program and control and type of institution: 2003–04 Percent receiving federal aid in 2003–04, by type

Control and type of institution

Number of undergraduates,1 in thousands

Any federal aid

Any Title IV aid

Pell

SEOG3

CWS4

Perkins5

Stafford6

PLUS7

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Selected Title IV programs2

Full-time, full-year students All institutions ........................

7,824

(93.5)

61.7

(0.42)

60.6

(0.44)

32.1

(0.34)

10.0

(0.37)

10.3

(0.36)

7.0

(0.31)

47.1

(0.44)

6.3

(0.22)

Public............................................... 4-year doctoral ............................. Other 4-year................................. 2-year........................................... Less than 2-year ..........................

5,662 2,411 1,198 2,026 27

(78.1) (33.2) (42.8) (59.1) (2.1)

56.1 58.2 64.0 48.9 48.7

(0.47) (0.71) (1.20) (1.15) (2.75)

54.9 57.1 63.2 47.4 47.8

(0.49) (0.75) (1.22) (1.16) (2.70)

30.6 26.5 34.0 33.5 35.9

(0.33) (0.77) (1.40) (0.88) (1.73)

7.9 8.0 8.1 7.7 2.3

(0.33) (0.49) (0.67) (0.51) (0.88)

7.3 7.9 9.9 5.3 1.1

(0.31) (0.34) (0.87) (0.50) (0.57)

5.3 8.5 6.3 1.1 ‡

(0.25) (0.34) (0.98) (0.16) (†)

39.9 48.2 49.6 24.4 24.1

(0.46) (0.77) (1.37) (1.03) (2.56)

4.9 7.7 5.7 1.2 0.3

(0.23) (0.33) (0.82) (0.15) (0.28)

Private, not-for-profit ........................ 4-year doctoral ............................. Other 4-year................................. Less than 4-year ..........................

1,635 668 921 47

(38.9) (27.5) (36.8) (4.4)

73.1 66.2 77.9 76.8

(0.81) (1.69) (1.25) (4.76)

72.5 65.3 77.5 75.5

(0.82) (1.72) (1.26) (4.30)

30.4 22.9 35.0 48.0

(0.77) (3.07) (2.30) (3.70)

14.6 11.7 16.9 12.2

(0.92) (1.78) (1.31) (3.24)

23.0 22.5 24.2 8.6

(1.17) (1.53) (1.93) (2.71)

14.0 18.1 11.6 1.3

(0.95) (1.24) (1.57) (0.88)

62.2 55.6 67.4 53.5

(1.05) (2.22) (2.38) (5.17)

11.0 11.5 10.8 8.1

(0.51) (0.87) (0.90) (2.92)

Private, for-profit .............................. 2-year and above ......................... Less than 2-year ..........................

527 393 134

(21.6) (21.0) (3.0)

86.9 90.6 76.0

(0.92) (1.14) (1.31)

86.1 89.6 75.8

(0.98) (1.24) (1.33)

53.2 52.7 54.7

(1.74) (2.24) (1.59)

17.5 16.2 21.4

(2.05) (2.63) (2.14)

3.1 3.7 1.5

(0.62) (0.82) (0.22)

2.6 3.3 0.8

(0.79) (1.07) (0.63)

78.0 85.8 55.0

(1.17) (1.46) (1.55)

6.7 6.8 6.5

(0.88) (1.10) (0.89)

Part-time or part-year students All institutions ........................ 11,230

(93.5)

38.5

(0.44)

36.3

(0.43)

23.0

(0.34)

4.4

(0.20)

2.2

(0.09)

1.2

(0.08)

23.5

(0.31)

1.2

(0.07)

Public............................................... 4-year doctoral ............................. Other 4-year................................. 2-year........................................... Less than 2-year ..........................

9,015 1,516 984 6,449 66

(74.6) (33.3) (47.7) (59.1) (2.1)

32.0 42.9 42.0 28.0 19.6

(0.52) (0.92) (2.03) (0.66) (1.80)

29.8 41.6 40.2 25.5 18.4

(0.51) (0.91) (2.07) (0.63) (1.75)

19.9 19.8 22.5 19.6 14.9

(0.38) (0.70) (1.77) (0.52) (1.61)

2.9 3.4 3.4 2.8 2.1

(0.19) (0.36) (0.42) (0.22) (0.70)

1.9 2.8 2.1 1.7 1.0

(0.10) (0.27) (0.41) (0.12) (0.56)

1.0 3.3 2.0 0.3 0.2

(0.08) (0.31) (0.41) (0.05) (0.24)

16.2 34.7 29.3 9.9 5.6

(0.36) (0.84) (1.48) (0.37) (1.21)

0.7 2.5 0.7 0.3 #

(0.05) (0.22) (0.18) (0.04) (†)

Private, not-for-profit ........................ 4-year doctoral ............................. Other 4-year................................. Less than 4-year ..........................

1,204 356 786 62

(37.4) (17.6) (37.2) (4.4)

52.4 45.8 54.2 66.9

(1.42) (2.20) (2.21) (3.72)

49.2 44.8 49.8 66.3

(1.37) (2.24) (2.18) (3.79)

24.0 18.3 24.8 45.9

(0.99) (2.01) (1.83) (3.05)

6.3 6.2 6.0 9.9

(0.44) (0.84) (0.66) (2.31)

5.9 8.4 5.0 2.9

(0.64) (1.16) (0.78) (0.83)

3.4 4.9 3.0 0.6

(0.45) (0.67) (0.60) (0.62)

40.5 37.7 41.9 39.2

(1.28) (2.30) (2.08) (4.40)

3.2 3.4 3.0 3.6

(0.44) (0.64) (0.64) (1.35)

Private, for-profit .............................. 2-year and above ......................... Less than 2-year ..........................

1,011 636 375

(19.5) (19.2) (3.0)

79.8 83.3 73.8

(0.85) (1.26) (0.91)

78.6 81.9 73.0

(0.96) (1.40) (0.90)

49.8 49.3 50.7

(1.34) (2.10) (0.58)

14.7 14.3 15.5

(1.37) (2.17) (0.77)

1.1 1.0 1.2

(0.21) (0.31) (0.15)

0.9 1.3 0.2

(0.26) (0.41) (0.03)

68.2 76.1 54.7

(1.02) (1.43) (0.81)

4.0 2.8 5.9

(0.35) (0.50) (0.38)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1 Numbers of undergraduates may not equal figures reported in other tables, since these data are based on a sample survey of students who enrolled at any point during the year. 2 Title IV of the Higher Education Act. 3 Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants. 4College Work Study (CWS). Prior to October 17, 1986, private, for-profit institutions were prohibited by law from spending CWS funds for on-campus work. Includes persons who participated in the program, but had no earnings.

5 Formerly 6Formerly 7

National Direct Student Loans (NDSL). Guaranteed Student Loans (GSL). Parent Loans for Undergraduate Students (PLUS). NOTE: Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and because some students receive multiple types of aid and aid from different sources. The numbers in column 2 do not add to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Data include Puerto Rico. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:04). (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 525 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

Table 323. Average cumulative amount borrowed and sources of aid for full-time, full-year postbaccalaureate students, by level of study and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04

Level of study, control and type of institution

Aid status, in percents

Cumulative amount borrowed for postbaccalaureate education

Nonaided

Any aid1

Federal

State

Institutional

Employer

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1

Receiving aid, by source

1992–93 All institutions ........................

$18,572

(706.5)

31.9

(1.03)

68.1

(1.03)

44.4

(1.47)

7.0

(0.66)

40.6

(1.73)

5.3

(0.52)

Master's degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

11,109 9,335 9,597 7,970 13,628 13,879 ‡

(467.1) (543.5) (648.5) (401.3) (807.2) (905.0) (†)

37.5 34.6 34.3 36.1 41.6 39.3 56.5

(2.13) (1.98) (2.14) (4.12) (4.05) (4.44) (3.79)

62.5 65.4 65.7 63.9 58.4 60.7 43.5

(2.13) (1.98) (2.14) (4.12) (4.05) (4.44) (3.79)

33.8 33.9 32.4 42.5 33.7 34.2 30.5

(2.01) (1.93) (2.02) (4.41) (3.69) (4.37) (3.17)

5.8 7.8 6.7 14.4 3.2 2.9 5.1

(0.79) (1.07) (1.18) (2.90) (1.04) (1.20) (2.58)

42.4 44.0 46.3 30.4 40.2 42.9 22.8

(2.70) (2.31) (2.52) (4.28) (5.27) (5.75) (2.27)

8.3 7.6 7.7 6.8 9.4 8.9 12.1

(0.87) (1.02) (1.09) (2.59) (1.56) (1.84) (2.27)

Doctor's degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

16,895 (1,432.1) 12,758 (1,004.8) 21,742 (2,707.7)

30.4 30.3 30.4

(2.28) (2.77) (4.11)

69.6 69.7 69.6

(2.28) (2.77) (4.11)

28.3 22.3 37.8

(2.45) (2.44) (4.48)

4.4 6.5 1.1

(0.71) (1.02) (0.73)

51.6 55.5 45.5

(2.32) (2.70) (4.00)

3.0 3.9 1.7

(0.85) (1.23) (0.96)

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

30,045 (1,237.1) 24,469 (1,354.3) 35,301 (2,055.6)

23.0 20.7 25.1

(1.17) (1.30) (1.71)

77.0 79.3 74.9

(1.17) (1.30) (1.71)

68.2 72.5 64.3

(1.82) (1.78) (2.29)

10.0 13.4 6.8

(1.54) (2.13) (1.32)

37.0 37.7 36.4

(1.89) (2.04) (3.10)

2.3 2.3 2.3

(0.47) (0.70) (0.62)

Other graduate.................................

13,102 (2,268.0)

39.3

(5.42)

60.7

(5.42)

42.4

(4.39)

6.7

(1.44)

22.9

(3.01)

6.0

(1.91)

1995–96 All institutions ........................

$27,122 (1,029.4)

23.9

(1.39)

76.1

(1.39)

49.3

(1.80)

4.1

(0.84)

43.4

(2.03)

5.0

(0.61)

Master's degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

18,807 15,905 16,910 11,417 22,568 23,816 20,299

(774.6) (749.5) (865.1) (1,296.4) (1,326.4) (1,530.2) (2,777.3)

27.4 25.3 23.5 34.0 30.6 28.8 34.6

(2.16) (2.63) (2.96) (5.20) (3.73) (4.56) (6.60)

72.6 74.7 76.5 66.0 69.4 71.2 65.4

(2.16) (2.63) (2.96) (5.20) (3.73) (4.56) (6.60)

43.6 40.7 40.5 41.4 48.2 44.6 56.1

(2.14) (2.37) (2.64) (5.45) (3.98) (4.45) (6.87)

2.4 3.0 2.6 5.1 1.4 1.5 1.3

(0.61) (0.89) (0.78) (3.44) (0.70) (0.97) (0.65)

42.8 45.7 47.9 35.0 38.3 42.2 29.7

(2.49) (3.12) (3.68) (3.96) (4.23) (4.98) (7.95)

6.6 7.1 7.6 4.5 5.9 7.1 3.2

(1.02) (1.36) (1.55) (2.55) (1.50) (2.07) (1.39)

Doctor's degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

24,380 (2,127.9) 22,687 (2,716.2) 28,083 (3,178.4)

17.1 14.1 22.5

(2.70) (3.31) (4.39)

82.9 85.9 77.5

(2.70) (3.31) (4.39)

27.6 27.6 27.6

(2.87) (3.51) (4.94)

0.6 1.0 #

(0.35) (0.54) (†)

75.7 77.8 72.0

(3.08) (3.90) (4.88)

5.5 5.9 4.9

(1.55) (1.99) (2.44)

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

37,540 (1,429.1) 34,463 (2,685.1) 40,350 (1,564.7)

16.8 14.3 19.0

(1.46) (1.88) (2.04)

83.2 85.7 81.0

(1.46) (1.88) (2.04)

73.9 79.5 69.3

(2.31) (2.30) (3.50)

9.4 9.7 9.2

(2.34) (4.20) (2.46)

31.6 33.5 30.0

(3.10) (5.41) (3.53)

1.3 1.5 1.2

(0.48) (0.82) (0.56)

Other graduate................................. Public 4-year doctoral .................. Public other 4-year.......................

13,557 (1,609.5) ‡ (†) 12,057 (1,706.8)

43.5 36.9 46.8

(5.11) (8.67) (6.29)

56.5 63.1 53.2

(5.11) (8.67) (6.29)

34.0 32.2 35.0

(4.61) (7.80) (5.67)

2.2 4.0 1.2

(1.13) (2.86) (0.88)

31.4 35.2 29.4

(4.90) (9.43) (5.58)

6.1 1.8 8.3

(2.67) (1.71) (3.89)

1999–2000 All institutions ........................

$38,428 (1,233.2)

17.8

(0.73)

82.2

(0.73)

54.0

(1.05)

6.2

(0.53)

48.7

(1.17)

5.8

(0.45)

Master's degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

24,751 20,219 19,850 21,815 29,290 31,307 23,032

(721.5) (704.1) (826.4) (1,104.6) (1,160.7) (1,436.9) (1,217.1)

20.6 21.5 19.8 29.8 19.4 17.5 24.8

(1.09) (1.49) (1.60) (3.69) (1.59) (1.82) (3.30)

79.4 78.5 80.2 70.2 80.6 82.5 75.2

(1.09) (1.49) (1.60) (3.69) (1.59) (1.82) (3.30)

50.4 45.8 43.9 54.9 56.3 57.7 52.4

(1.33) (1.62) (1.74) (4.45) (2.16) (2.32) (5.10)

5.4 7.7 7.2 10.4 2.5 3.0 1.1

(0.72) (1.17) (1.34) (2.31) (0.60) (0.79) (0.36)

46.2 49.6 54.3 26.8 41.9 49.4 20.9

(1.38) (1.74) (1.93) (3.17) (2.22) (2.56) (4.74)

8.4 6.8 7.1 5.3 10.4 8.3 16.3

(0.88) (0.88) (1.03) (1.30) (1.66) (1.06) (5.55)

Doctor's degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

37,234 (4,065.7) 29,929 (1,750.0) 47,129 (7,597.7)

11.5 10.7 12.7

(1.39) (1.23) (2.94)

88.6 89.4 87.3

(1.39) (1.23) (2.94)

30.2 26.5 35.9

(2.85) (1.60) (6.36)

2.6 3.2 1.6

(0.63) (0.88) (0.79)

77.5 80.6 72.9

(1.73) (1.71) (3.44)

5.4 7.4 2.3

(0.65) (0.97) (0.54)

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

57,556 (2,062.5) 48,328 (1,993.7) 65,299 (3,141.0)

11.5 11.4 11.6

(1.06) (1.57) (1.45)

88.5 88.6 88.4

(1.06) (1.57) (1.45)

80.1 81.7 78.8

(1.48) (1.81) (2.29)

9.8 13.1 7.1

(1.43) (2.18) (1.84)

40.2 39.5 40.8

(2.65) (2.87) (4.22)

1.6 1.6 1.5

(0.44) (0.64) (0.60)

Other graduate.................................

21,238 (1,419.4)

37.3

(3.60)

62.7

(3.60)

44.4

(3.70)

6.3

(1.44)

23.3

(3.35)

7.3

(1.82)

2003–04 All institutions ........................

$44,623 (1,391.0)

13.0

(0.95)

87.0

(0.95)

62.4

(1.39)

3.7

(0.81)

40.0

(1.19)

9.2

(1.00)

Master's degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

28,662 22,418 23,084 17,862 33,505 38,458 24,624

(1,600.4) (1,008.8) (1,088.0) (2,130.9) (2,641.5) (3,903.1) (2,107.0)

19.0 20.8 18.3 36.7 17.1 13.5 23.3

(1.84) (2.36) (1.76) (11.02) (3.35) (2.49) (6.71)

81.0 79.2 81.7 63.3 82.9 86.5 76.7

(1.84) (2.36) (1.76) (11.02) (3.35) (2.49) (6.71)

55.8 47.4 47.7 45.7 64.5 63.2 66.7

(2.35) (2.76) (2.80) (11.86) (4.01) (4.04) (7.54)

2.5 2.5 2.7 ‡ 2.6 2.3 3.2

(0.65) (0.68) (0.77) (†) (1.19) (1.66) (2.29)

35.5 44.0 47.0 24.3 20.8 36.3 9.5

(2.28) (2.61) (2.73) (7.15) (2.36) (3.47) (4.03)

10.4 6.7 7.5 1.2 14.4 12.3 18.0

(1.80) (1.06) (1.26) (0.77) (3.57) (4.73) (6.09)

Doctor's degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

48,039 (3,078.6) 38,138 (1,921.7) 58,821 (5,481.6)

7.1 6.3 8.3

(0.69) (0.68) (1.43)

92.9 93.7 91.7

(0.69) (0.68) (1.43)

39.8 36.6 44.0

(2.52) (2.18) (4.54)

2.9 2.6 3.3

(0.78) (0.60) (1.82)

69.0 76.7 58.8

(2.65) (1.91) (5.01)

8.7 8.8 8.5

(1.59) (1.46) (3.07)

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

63,323 (1,937.1) 54,706 (1,303.7) 70,761 (3,387.0)

7.9 7.8 8.1

(0.79) (1.06) (1.12)

92.1 92.2 91.9

(0.79) (1.06) (1.12)

83.3 83.0 83.6

(1.19) (1.58) (1.82)

6.0 4.7 7.2

(2.00) (0.91) (3.39)

32.5 36.7 28.9

(1.87) (1.61) (2.94)

4.5 4.5 4.5

(0.67) (0.88) (1.06)

Other graduate.................................

25,368 (3,096.7)

17.1

(5.58)

82.9

(5.58)

75.9

(6.54)

3.4

(1.77)

16.2

(4.66)

21.3

(9.96)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source of aid.

NOTE: Total includes some students whose level of study was unknown. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and because some students receive multiple types of aid and aid from different sources. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Data include Puerto Rico. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1992–93, 1995–96, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Studies (NPSAS:93, NPSAS:96, NPSAS:2000, and NPSAS:2004). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

526 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

Table 324. Amount borrowed and sources of aid for part-time or part-year postbaccalaureate students, by level of study and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04

Level of study, control and type of institution

Nonaided

Any aid1

Federal

State

Institutional

Employer

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1 1992–93 All institutions ........................

Aid status, in percents

Cumulative amount borrowed for postbaccalaureate education

$9,577

Receiving aid, by source

($476.4)

71.3

(0.84)

28.7

(0.84)

10.8

(0.48)

1.9

(0.19)

12.7

(0.65)

16.7

(0.69)

Master's degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

8,003 (477.5) 7,246 (376.4) 8,058 (499.3) 5,396 (512.1) 8,958 (801.9) 9,794 (1,208.0) 7,313 (534.0)

71.7 73.9 69.6 81.2 68.6 66.9 71.7

(0.93) (0.99) (1.28) (1.59) (1.73) (1.96) (2.92)

28.3 26.1 30.4 18.8 31.4 33.1 28.3

(0.93) (0.99) (1.28) (1.59) (1.73) (1.96) (2.92)

10.5 10.1 11.9 6.9 11.1 12.1 9.3

(0.56) (0.64) (0.80) (0.99) (0.95) (1.30) (1.25)

1.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 0.4 0.4 0.6

(0.21) (0.36) (0.43) (0.56) (0.14) (0.16) (0.27)

11.1 11.7 15.3 5.5 10.3 12.1 6.9

(0.67) (0.79) (1.03) (1.01) (1.02) (1.43) (1.13)

18.7 14.6 14.6 14.4 24.4 25.1 23.1

(0.85) (0.90) (1.06) (1.30) (1.25) (1.65) (2.32)

Doctor's degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

12,858 (1,369.8) 9,628 (1,227.0) 17,048 (2,506.1)

56.2 56.1 56.4

(2.41) (2.58) (4.85)

43.8 43.9 43.6

(2.41) (2.58) (4.85)

8.6 8.5 8.9

(1.07) (1.19) (2.03)

3.5 4.4 1.6

(0.83) (1.23) (0.69)

33.1 33.3 32.6

(2.18) (2.48) (4.21)

12.0 12.9 10.2

(1.53) (1.63) (3.19)

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

26,158 (2,269.0) 21,931 (3,100.7) 27,842 (2,711.4)

42.6 50.8 37.8

(3.20) (5.23) (3.98)

57.4 49.2 62.2

(3.20) (5.23) (3.98)

44.9 42.9 46.1

(3.10) (4.44) (4.24)

3.3 3.6 3.2

(0.70) (1.19) (0.88)

25.7 22.2 27.8

(2.26) (3.54) (2.91)

6.1 5.1 6.7

(1.16) (1.87) (1.50)

79.7

(1.50)

20.3

(1.50)

7.7

(0.83)

1.7

(0.45)

8.4

(0.97)

13.4

(1.17)

Other graduate.................................

7,223

(895.5)

1995–96 All institutions ........................

$16,193

($651.8)

59.3

(1.23)

40.7

(1.23)

13.8

(0.63)

1.4

(0.31)

16.7

(1.20)

16.1

(0.89)

Master's degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

14,635 12,971 14,443 9,273 16,904 19,948 13,006

(739.4) (915.3) (1,152.0) (756.3) (1,246.0) (1,966.7) (1,023.9)

56.3 57.3 52.8 66.4 54.9 55.3 54.5

(1.53) (2.04) (2.74) (2.83) (2.28) (3.03) (3.50)

43.7 42.7 47.2 33.6 45.1 44.7 45.5

(1.53) (2.04) (2.74) (2.83) (2.28) (3.03) (3.50)

15.1 13.6 14.8 11.1 17.2 17.7 16.6

(0.78) (0.91) (1.23) (1.21) (1.36) (1.70) (2.17)

1.2 1.7 1.2 2.8 0.5 0.6 0.3

(0.23) (0.38) (0.41) (0.78) (0.16) (0.28) (0.15)

16.5 18.5 22.6 10.3 13.7 17.2 9.6

(1.35) (1.87) (2.69) (1.59) (1.92) (2.99) (2.10)

18.4 16.0 16.6 14.8 21.8 18.3 25.9

(1.20) (1.35) (1.79) (1.93) (2.11) (2.33) (3.49)

Doctor's degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

19,530 (1,758.5) 16,288 (1,357.9) 24,882 (2,957.7)

48.6 46.1 53.3

(3.55) (4.67) (4.88)

51.4 53.9 46.7

(3.55) (4.67) (4.88)

12.1 9.5 17.2

(1.72) (1.92) (2.84)

0.6 0.9 #

(0.30) (0.46) (†)

39.3 42.5 33.3

(3.48) (4.57) (4.77)

9.0 9.2 8.6

(2.03) (2.44) (3.59)

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

32,803 (2,151.7) 31,882 (2,069.9) 33,160 (2,893.6)

32.2 29.6 33.1

(5.02) (5.44) (6.46)

67.8 70.4 66.9

(5.02) (5.44) (6.46)

47.4 59.6 43.5

(5.87) (4.96) (7.17)

4.3 4.0 4.3

(1.49) (1.96) (1.87)

27.0 25.7 27.4

(8.08) (4.64) (10.53)

7.0 7.5 6.8

(1.78) (3.25) (2.13)

Other graduate................................. Public 4-year doctoral .................. Public other 4-year.......................

13,008 (1,214.6) 15,473 (2,279.8) 11,166 (1,313.0)

74.0 67.8 77.3

(1.69) (2.61) (2.20)

26.0 32.2 22.7

(1.69) (2.61) (2.20)

7.0 9.8 5.5

(0.81) (1.57) (0.90)

1.9 0.5 2.6

(0.94) (0.26) (1.42)

8.4 12.4 6.3

(1.25) (2.54) (1.32)

13.3 14.9 12.4

(1.25) (2.07) (1.58)

1999–2000 All institutions ........................

($554.5)

52.1

(0.77)

47.9

(0.77)

18.1

(0.60)

1.6

(0.19)

15.9

(0.55)

20.3

(0.67)

Master's degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

$20,929

17,489 (517.1) 14,420 (613.8) 15,891 (781.1) 10,593 (651.1) 20,692 (801.0) 23,434 (1,090.2) 14,910 (1,092.3)

50.3 53.7 50.3 61.5 45.9 43.6 50.6

(0.92) (1.30) (1.61) (2.03) (1.28) (1.48) (2.47)

49.7 46.3 49.7 38.5 54.1 56.4 49.4

(0.92) (1.30) (1.61) (2.03) (1.28) (1.48) (2.47)

18.6 15.9 17.1 13.3 22.0 23.1 19.7

(0.73) (0.92) (1.12) (1.54) (1.14) (1.40) (1.97)

1.4 2.0 2.0 2.0 0.6 0.8 0.3

(0.21) (0.33) (0.43) (0.49) (0.22) (0.32) (0.18)

14.2 15.3 17.9 9.5 12.7 14.7 8.4

(0.68) (0.95) (1.22) (1.43) (0.95) (1.16) (1.53)

23.2 20.6 21.5 18.6 26.5 25.9 27.7

(0.84) (1.15) (1.40) (2.04) (1.20) (1.33) (2.41)

Doctor's degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

28,829 (1,883.3) 25,423 (1,444.3) 34,511 (3,883.0)

45.5 46.4 43.4

(1.68) (2.13) (2.66)

54.5 53.6 56.6

(1.68) (2.13) (2.66)

14.5 12.8 18.1

(1.30) (1.16) (3.18)

1.0 1.5 #

(0.33) (0.48) (†)

37.8 40.8 31.4

(1.69) (2.01) (2.97)

13.9 12.2 17.5

(1.30) (1.30) (2.96)

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

46,159 (2,527.3) 36,078 (3,271.1) 50,469 (3,018.2)

22.2 20.6 22.8

(2.29) (4.87) (2.56)

77.8 79.4 77.2

(2.29) (4.87) (2.56)

58.1 60.7 57.0

(4.76) (6.96) (6.00)

5.2 6.6 4.6

(1.35) (3.17) (1.40)

28.3 23.9 30.1

(2.81) (5.65) (3.19)

10.1 6.5 11.5

(1.90) (3.62) (2.22)

Other graduate.................................

18,175 (1,363.8)

58.9

(2.85)

41.1

(2.85)

16.8

(2.46)

1.5

(0.74)

9.1

(1.52)

18.6

(2.40)

2003–04 All institutions ........................

$25,776 (27,528.1)

34.5

(1.3)

65.5

(1.3)

31.4

(1.4)

1.7

(0.4)

19.0

(1.1)

26.0

(1.2)

Master's degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

22,959 18,759 19,795 16,263 26,387 26,953 25,880

(754.4) (563.8) (626.1) (1,102.0) (1,553.3) (1,644.4) (2,512.1)

32.5 36.7 36.1 38.2 27.8 31.2 24.6

(1.6) (1.5) (1.3) (4.0) (2.8) (2.4) (5.1)

67.5 63.3 63.9 61.8 72.2 68.8 75.4

(1.6) (1.5) (1.3) (4.0) (2.8) (2.4) (5.1)

34.5 28.4 27.5 30.7 41.1 38.0 44.0

(1.6) (1.4) (1.2) (3.7) (3.0) (2.9) (4.9)

1.7 2.0 1.8 2.6 1.3 1.6 0.9

(0.5) (0.4) (0.4) (1.2) (0.8) (1.7) (0.5)

17.0 22.1 24.2 16.5 11.4 14.8 8.1

(1.5) (1.4) (1.5) (2.6) (2.1) (2.3) (3.1)

27.6 24.6 24.8 24.1 30.9 28.1 33.7

(1.5) (1.4) (1.4) (3.8) (2.7) (2.9) (4.4)

Doctor's degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

40,223 (1,847.5) 31,510 (1,507.1) 50,278 (4,508.8)

27.8 25.6 31.7

(1.3) (1.2) (3.3)

72.2 74.4 68.3

(1.3) (1.2) (3.3)

22.2 18.2 29.1

(1.4) (1.3) (3.4)

1.7 2.4 0.7

(0.3) (0.4) (0.5)

45.8 55.8 28.2

(1.9) (1.2) (2.9)

19.9 17.3 24.3

(1.6) (1.0) (4.1)

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

49,170 (5,227.6) 56,475 (6,550.3) 46,862 (6,795.8)

24.6 20.8 25.6

(3.9) (5.1) (4.8)

75.4 79.2 74.4

(3.9) (5.1) (4.8)

54.2 63.4 51.9

(5.5) (6.2) (6.8)

6.8 3.0 7.7

(3.2) (2.2) (4.0)

23.6 31.2 21.7

(4.3) (5.7) (5.5)

13.2 9.4 14.1

(2.7) (3.3) (3.2)

Other graduate.................................

19,975 (1,493.9)

48.8

(2.3)

51.2

(2.3)

19.5

(2.6)

1.0

(0.4)

10.3

(1.4)

25.7

(2.6)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source of aid. NOTE: Total includes some students whose level of study was unknown. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and because some students receive multiple types of aid and aid from different sources. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Data include Puerto Rico.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1992–93, 1995–96, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Studies (NPSAS:93, NPSAS:96, NPSAS:2000, and NPSAS:2004). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 527 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

Table 325. Full-time, full-year postbaccalaureate students, by type of aid, level of study, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04

Level of study and control and type of institution

Type of aid, in percents

Postbaccalaureate students,1 in thousands

Any aid2

2

3

1

Fellowship grants 4

1992–93 All institutions ........................ Master’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Doctor’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private.......................................... First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private.......................................... Other graduate.................................

673 281 163 139 24 118 102 16 120 73 46 211 101 110 61

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

68.1 62.5 65.4 65.7 63.9 58.4 60.7 43.5 69.6 69.7 69.6 77.0 79.3 74.9 60.7

(1.03) (2.13) (1.98) (2.14) (4.12) (4.05) (4.44) (3.79) (2.28) (2.77) (4.11) (1.17) (1.30) (1.71) (5.42)

5

1995–96 All institutions ........................ Master’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Doctor’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private.......................................... First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private.......................................... Other graduate................................. Public 4-year doctoral .................. Public other 4-year.......................

861 387 236 195 41 151 104 47 147 94 53 253 115 138 54 18 36

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

76.1 72.6 74.7 76.5 66.0 69.4 71.2 65.4 82.9 85.9 77.5 83.2 85.7 81.0 56.5 63.1 53.2

(1.39) (2.16) (2.63) (2.96) (5.20) (3.73) (4.56) (6.60) (2.70) (3.31) (4.39) (1.46) (1.88) (2.04) (5.11) (8.67) (6.29)

5

918 395 222 184 38 172 127 46 184 111 73 253 113 140 86

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

82.2 79.4 78.5 80.2 70.2 80.6 82.5 75.2 88.6 89.4 87.3 88.5 88.6 88.4 62.7

(0.73) (1.09) (1.49) (1.60) (3.69) (1.59) (1.82) (3.31) (1.39) (1.23) (2.94) (1.06) (1.57) (1.45) (3.60)

923 373 190 165 25 182 116 66 195 111 83 280 128 152 76

(27.8) (23.4) (11.3) (10.4) (5.1) (19.9) (8.3) (17.3) (11.3) (5.4) (8.8) (7.3) (7.0) (9.2) (14.4)

87.0 81.0 79.2 81.7 63.3 82.9 86.5 76.7 92.9 93.7 91.7 92.1 92.2 91.9 82.9

(0.9) (1.8) (2.4) (1.8) (11.0) (3.4) (2.5) (6.7) (0.7) (0.7) (1.4) (0.8) (1.1) (1.1) (5.6)

1999–2000 All institutions ........................ Master’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Doctor’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private.......................................... First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private.......................................... Other graduate................................. 2003–04 All institutions ........................ Master’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Doctor’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private.......................................... First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private.......................................... Other graduate.................................

Loans Tuition waivers Assistantships3 5

Employer

Any loans

Stafford4

Perkins

7

8

9

10

6

5

() ( 5) (55) ( 5) () (55) ( 5) () ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) (55) () ( 5) ( 5)

12.4 15.7 20.5 23.3 4.4 8.9 9.5 5.4 19.5 23.1 13.6 5.6 5.4 5.8 7.5

(1.00) (1.32) (1.80) (1.99) (2.00) (1.67) (1.92) (0.64) (1.95) (2.70) (2.80) (0.99) (1.41) (1.25) (1.78)

14.3 18.1 22.4 23.5 15.8 12.2 13.6 3.0 27.1 31.6 19.9 4.4 4.3 4.5 6.2

(1.21) (1.92) (1.85) (2.09) (3.34) (3.95) (4.50) (1.45) (2.06) (2.63) (3.42) (0.66) (0.57) (1.17) (1.93)

3.3 5.1 4.8 4.7 5.3 5.6 5.7 4.7 2.2 3.1 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.2 3.7

(0.39) (0.66) (0.76) (0.78) (2.44) (1.08) (1.26) (0.37) (0.74) (1.12) (0.59) (0.40) (0.60) (0.54) (1.05)

43.5 32.5 32.2 30.6 41.5 32.9 33.6 28.7 25.8 20.6 34.1 67.8 71.8 64.1 44.4

(1.49) (2.01) (1.96) (2.06) (4.87) (3.56) (4.23) (2.47) (2.44) (2.38) (4.62) (1.77) (1.82) (2.21) (4.16)

41.1 30.5 30.8 29.6 38.4 30.0 30.8 24.6 23.9 18.9 31.9 65.6 69.9 61.6 39.6

(1.50) (1.99) (1.86) (1.94) (4.64) (3.60) (4.32) (2.50) (2.40) (2.30) (4.57) (1.72) (1.58) (2.26) (4.30)

9.0 5.0 4.0 3.3 8.3 6.4 6.8 4.4 3.5 2.9 4.3 19.3 23.2 15.7 2.7

(0.97) (0.80) (0.74) (0.69) (3.11) (1.66) (1.92) (0.35) (0.62) (0.73) (1.15) (1.95) (2.73) (1.80) (0.75)

( 5) (55) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) () (55) ( 5) () (55) ( 5) () (55) ( 5) ()

11.7 13.5 17.8 19.5 9.9 6.7 6.4 7.4 24.3 30.9 12.4 3.0 3.8 2.4 9.8 9.2 10.1

(1.34) (1.94) (2.85) (3.31) (4.21) (1.91) (2.13) (3.93) (3.37) (4.55) (4.38) (0.66) (1.03) (0.90) (3.84) (8.59) (3.83)

19.5 20.2 28.9 31.1 18.1 6.6 8.8 1.9 51.8 59.9 37.3 4.0 4.1 3.8 6.4 6.2 6.6

(1.42) (1.85) (2.69) (3.18) (3.30) (1.60) (2.32) (0.99) (4.06) (4.62) (6.51) (0.74) (1.08) (1.03) (2.08) (3.12) (2.70)

5.0 6.6 7.1 7.6 4.5 5.9 7.1 3.2 5.5 5.9 4.9 1.3 1.5 1.2 6.1 1.8 8.3

(0.61) (1.02) (1.36) (1.55) (2.55) (1.50) (2.07) (1.39) (1.55) (1.99) (2.44) (0.48) (0.82) (0.56) (2.67) (1.71) (3.89)

48.7 43.1 39.5 39.2 40.8 48.6 44.6 57.4 25.2 26.7 22.6 74.4 79.0 70.6 31.3 30.2 31.8

(1.77) (2.14) (2.39) (2.67) (5.40) (3.96) (4.45) (6.62) (2.62) (3.32) (4.28) (2.30) (2.37) (3.53) (4.19) (7.40) (5.05)

48.0 42.5 38.8 38.6 39.8 48.2 44.6 56.1 25.2 26.7 22.6 73.0 78.6 68.3 30.9 30.2 31.2

(1.79) (2.13) (2.34) (2.60) (5.39) (3.98) (4.45) (6.87) (2.62) (3.32) (4.28) (2.46) (2.39) (3.76) (4.17) (7.40) (5.02)

8.1 5.1 3.5 4.0 1.5 7.6 9.6 3.3 1.5 1.4 1.7 18.4 20.7 16.4 2.6 0.7 3.6

(0.87) (0.75) (0.85) (1.00) (1.11) (1.35) (1.75) (1.68) (0.61) (0.69) (1.16) (1.86) (2.49) (2.55) (1.09) (0.71) (1.59)

20.0 17.2 15.5 16.6 10.7 19.2 23.4 7.7 37.8 30.1 49.5 16.4 12.3 19.8 5.3

(1.02) (1.03) (1.43) (1.60) (3.06) (1.49) (1.89) (2.01) (2.28) (1.54) (4.61) (2.18) (1.98) (3.62) (1.48)

11.5 12.0 18.5 19.4 14.0 3.6 4.2 1.9 23.3 35.5 4.9 4.1 7.3 1.5 6.0

(0.54) (0.88) (1.41) (1.65) (1.99) (0.75) (0.98) (0.67) (1.50) (1.79) (1.03) (0.79) (1.55) (0.55) (1.68)

23.2 22.6 30.5 34.0 13.7 12.3 14.0 7.8 55.0 63.5 41.9 6.5 6.5 6.5 7.4

(0.80) (1.17) (1.67) (1.95) (2.05) (1.55) (1.54) (4.20) (2.55) (1.88) (4.98) (0.99) (1.55) (1.28) (1.86)

5.8 8.4 6.8 7.1 5.3 10.4 8.3 16.3 5.4 7.4 2.3 1.6 1.6 1.5 7.3

(0.45) (0.88) (0.88) (1.03) (1.30) (1.66) (1.06) (5.55) (0.65) (0.97) (0.54) (0.44) (0.64) (0.60) (1.82)

53.7 50.2 44.4 42.2 54.7 57.7 60.1 51.2 29.5 26.2 34.4 80.8 81.8 79.9 42.2

(1.08) (1.36) (1.62) (1.74) (4.48) (2.24) (2.48) (5.08) (2.90) (1.67) (6.49) (1.41) (1.83) (2.11) (4.08)

52.0 48.7 43.6 41.6 53.3 55.3 56.7 51.2 27.9 24.4 33.1 78.7 80.6 77.2 40.6

(1.08) (1.34) (1.62) (1.74) (4.41) (2.18) (2.35) (5.08) (2.90) (1.51) (6.55) (1.60) (1.82) (2.55) (4.08)

8.7 5.9 3.0 3.1 2.2 9.8 11.5 4.9 4.7 1.1 10.2 18.0 20.1 16.3 3.1

(0.87) (0.64) (0.64) (0.74) (1.14) (1.19) (1.50) (1.86) (2.89) (0.37) (6.83) (1.83) (2.46) (2.69) (1.13)

38.2 32.3 37.5 38.8 28.8 26.9 36.2 10.5 59.6 65.3 51.9 37.5 40.3 35.1 15.6

(1.2) (2.2) (2.3) (2.4) (8.1) (3.5) (4.3) (3.8) (2.4) (1.8) (4.9) (2.6) (2.2) (3.7) (4.4)

12.8 11.7 18.4 19.5 11.4 4.7 6.9 1.0 30.2 41.7 14.7 4.3 5.2 3.5 5.4

(0.7) (1.2) (1.8) (1.8) (6.2) (1.1) (1.6) (1.0) (1.7) (1.8) (1.6) (1.3) (0.6) (2.2) (2.7)

21.6 21.4 32.9 36.1 11.9 9.5 12.0 5.1 48.9 56.7 38.6 7.0 9.5 4.9 5.8

(0.9) (1.7) (2.5) (2.6) (6.9) (1.5) (2.0) (2.7) (2.4) (1.9) (4.1) (0.8) (1.6) (0.9) (2.3)

9.2 10.4 6.7 7.5 1.2 14.4 12.3 18.0 8.7 8.8 8.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 21.3

(1.0) (1.8) (1.1) (1.3) (0.8) (3.6) (4.7) (6.1) (1.6) (1.5) (3.1) (0.7) (0.9) (1.1) (10.0)

63.6 58.4 48.5 48.8 46.1 68.7 69.3 67.8 38.4 34.1 44.2 84.7 84.1 85.1 76.3

(1.3) (2.1) (2.8) (3.0) (11.9) (3.5) (3.6) (7.0) (2.6) (2.2) (4.4) (1.1) (1.6) (1.6) (6.5)

56.6 50.5 41.0 40.4 44.8 60.4 59.1 62.5 33.2 29.8 37.6 78.3 77.8 78.8 66.5

(1.4) (2.3) (2.4) (2.6) (11.8) (4.0) (4.2) (7.6) (2.1) (2.2) (3.7) (1.4) (1.7) (2.4) (7.8)

11.8 5.5 4.1 4.8 ‡ 6.8 9.9 1.6 8.7 6.7 11.5 24.7 24.9 24.6 3.3

(1.3) (0.8) (0.9) (1.0) (†) (1.4) (2.2) (1.1) (1.7) (1.4) (3.5) (3.2) (2.0) (5.7) (1.5)

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Numbers of postbaccalaureate students may not equal figures reported in other tables, since these data are based on a sample survey of all postbaccalaureate students who enrolled at any time during the school year. 2Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source of aid. 3Includes students who received teaching or research assistantships and/or participated in work-study programs. 4Stafford loans, formerly Guaranteed Student Loans (GSL).

5

Fellowship estimates for 1992–93 and 1995–96 were based primarily on information provided by institutions, and are not comparable to data for 1999–2000 or 2003–04, which were based on information provided by both students and institutions. NOTE: Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported. Total includes some students whose level of study or control of institution was unknown. Data include Puerto Rico. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and because some students receive aid from multiple sources. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1992–93, 1995–96, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Studies (NPSAS:93, NPSAS:96, NPSAS:2000, and NPSAS:04). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

528 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance _

Table 326. Part-time or part-year postbaccalaureate students, by type of aid, level of study, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04

Level of study and control and type of institution

Any aid2

Fellowship grants

2

3

4

1 1992–93 All institutions ........................

Type of aid, in percents

Postbaccalaureate students,1 in thousands

1,950

—

28.7

Loans Tuition waivers Assistantships3 5

Employer

Any loans

Stafford4

Perkins

7

8

9

10

6

(0.84)

5

( 5)

5.1

(0.34)

4.3

(0.30)

7.9

(0.43)

10.5

(0.46)

9.4

(0.43)

1.0

(0.10)

( 5)

5

( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5)

4.6 4.9 6.5 2.3 4.2 4.4 3.8

(0.35) (0.47) (0.64) (0.53) (0.51) (0.67) (0.87)

3.8 5.2 6.7 2.6 1.8 2.5 0.7

(0.32) (0.43) (0.60) (0.63) (0.43) (0.65) (0.25)

8.8 6.7 6.7 6.5 11.8 12.1 11.2

(0.52) (0.50) (0.69) (0.77) (0.91) (1.17) (1.48)

10.3 9.9 11.8 6.5 11.0 11.9 9.3

(0.54) (0.62) (0.76) (0.92) (0.95) (1.27) (1.15)

9.3 9.0 10.7 6.0 9.7 10.5 8.1

(0.52) (0.60) (0.74) (0.87) (0.89) (1.19) (1.10)

0.9 1.2 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.3

(0.12) (0.16) (0.21) (0.24) (0.17) (0.25) (0.17)

( 5) ( 5) ( 5)

12.7 15.0 8.3

(1.70) (2.09) (2.62)

17.0 17.0 17.0

(1.87) (1.90) (3.97)

5.5 6.4 3.7

(1.18) (1.16) (2.67)

7.3 7.1 7.7

(0.98) (1.00) (2.04)

6.9 6.5 7.5

(0.97) (0.95) (2.06)

0.8 0.7 1.2

(0.13) (0.10) (0.35)

( 5) ( 5) ( 5)

5.9 6.8 5.4

(1.06) (1.62) (1.40)

3.1 6.1 1.4

(0.84) (2.09) (0.52)

3.4 2.5 3.9

(0.92) (1.21) (1.32)

45.6 42.4 47.5

(3.13) (4.37) (4.29)

42.0 41.4 42.3

(2.89) (4.27) (3.95)

6.2 8.5 4.9

(0.98) (1.99) (1.07)

Master’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

1,322 773 489 284 549 357 192

— — — — — — —

28.3 26.1 30.4 18.8 31.4 33.1 28.3

(0.93) (0.99) (1.28) (1.59) (1.73) (1.96) (2.92)

5

Doctor’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

149 97 51

— — —

43.8 43.9 43.6

(2.41) (2.58) (4.85)

5

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

64 24 40

— — —

57.4 49.2 62.2

(3.20) (5.23) (3.98)

5

Other graduate.................................

415

—

20.3

(1.50)

5

( 5)

3.4

(0.61)

1.6

(0.36)

6.4

(0.91)

7.1

(0.81)

6.0

(0.70)

0.5

(0.27)

1995–96 All institutions ........................

1,842

—

40.7

(1.23)

5

( 5)

6.1

(0.64)

7.4

(0.85)

16.1

(0.89)

13.4

(0.63)

13.1

(0.62)

0.9

(0.14)

5

() ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5)

5.6 6.0 7.1 3.9 5.1 4.3 5.9

(0.69) (0.96) (1.36) (0.95) (0.97) (1.11) (1.67)

7.4 10.7 13.7 4.9 2.7 4.0 1.2

(1.06) (1.74) (2.54) (1.08) (0.57) (0.97) (0.45)

18.4 16.0 16.6 14.8 21.8 18.3 25.9

(1.20) (1.35) (1.79) (1.93) (2.11) (2.33) (3.49)

14.5 13.2 14.3 11.0 16.4 17.6 15.0

(0.77) (0.89) (1.19) (1.22) (1.35) (1.78) (2.10)

14.3 12.9 14.2 10.5 16.1 17.0 14.9

(0.76) (0.87) (1.19) (1.19) (1.33) (1.70) (2.10)

0.7 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.1

(0.15) (0.22) (0.31) (0.25) (0.20) (0.36) (0.08)

( 5) ( 5) ( 5)

12.7 15.6 7.4

(2.80) (3.57) (3.82)

26.0 31.9 14.7

(3.52) (4.55) (4.03)

9.0 9.2 8.6

(2.03) (2.44) (3.59)

12.0 9.2 17.2

(1.73) (1.93) (2.84)

12.0 9.2 17.2

(1.73) (1.93) (2.84)

0.4 0.3 0.7

(0.24) (0.27) (0.45)

( 5) ( 5) ( 5)

3.8 4.8 3.5

(1.16) (2.47) (1.33)

3.1 7.9 1.6

(1.03) (3.23) (0.75)

7.0 7.5 6.8

(1.78) (3.25) (2.13)

47.8 58.1 44.5

(5.75) (4.96) (7.10)

45.7 57.4 41.9

(5.90) (4.99) (7.23)

9.5 12.2 8.6

(2.29) (2.72) (2.87)

( 5) ( 5) ( 5)

5.5 8.6 3.8

(1.07) (2.19) (1.16)

1.5 0.4 2.1

(0.50) (0.22) (0.76)

13.3 14.9 12.4

(1.25) (2.07) (1.58)

6.7 9.7 5.2

(0.81) (1.60) (0.89)

6.6 9.6 5.0

(0.80) (1.57) (0.88)

0.5 0.4 0.6

(0.18) (0.31) (0.23)

5 5 5 5 5

5 5

5 5

Master’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

1,118 649 432 217 470 255 215

— — — — — — —

43.7 42.7 47.2 33.6 45.1 44.7 45.5

(1.53) (2.04) (2.74) (2.83) (2.28) (3.03) (3.50)

5

Doctor’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

181 119 62

— — —

51.4 53.9 46.7

(3.55) (4.67) (4.88)

5

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

60 15 46

— — —

67.8 70.4 66.9

(5.02) (5.44) (6.46)

5

Other graduate................................. Public 4-year doctoral .................. Public other 4-year.......................

483 166 317

— — —

26.0 32.2 22.7

(1.69) (2.61) (2.20)

5

5 5 5 5 5 5

5 5

5 5

5 5

1999–2000 All institutions ........................

1,740

—

47.9

(0.77)

4.8

(0.32)

5.8

(0.32)

5.4

(0.30)

20.3

(0.67)

18.0

(0.61)

16.9

(0.59)

1.0

(0.17)

Master’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

1,103 625 434 191 478 323 156

— — — — — — —

49.7 46.3 49.7 38.5 54.1 56.4 49.4

(0.92) (1.30) (1.61) (2.03) (1.28) (1.48) (2.47)

4.5 3.9 4.2 3.2 5.3 6.3 3.1

(0.40) (0.56) (0.63) (1.15) (0.58) (0.77) (0.77)

5.1 6.4 7.4 4.1 3.3 3.6 2.7

(0.38) (0.57) (0.72) (0.90) (0.43) (0.53) (0.74)

4.8 6.3 8.0 2.3 2.8 3.3 1.7

(0.38) (0.56) (0.78) (0.55) (0.47) (0.57) (0.86)

23.2 20.6 21.5 18.6 26.5 25.9 27.7

(0.84) (1.15) (1.40) (2.04) (1.20) (1.33) (2.41)

18.4 15.7 16.7 13.5 21.8 22.7 20.0

(0.73) (0.88) (1.07) (1.53) (1.20) (1.47) (2.07)

17.2 14.7 15.6 12.7 20.5 21.4 18.6

(0.71) (0.89) (1.08) (1.52) (1.14) (1.39) (1.96)

0.7 0.7 0.5 1.2 0.7 0.8 0.6

(0.14) (0.17) (0.17) (0.39) (0.24) (0.29) (0.43)

Doctor’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

153 104 49

— — —

54.5 53.6 56.6

(1.68) (2.13) (2.66)

11.2 9.1 15.6

(1.17) (1.02) (2.81)

14.9 19.4 5.3

(1.21) (1.48) (1.56)

21.3 25.9 11.4

(1.46) (1.74) (1.80)

13.9 12.2 17.5

(1.30) (1.30) (2.96)

14.1 12.3 18.0

(1.27) (1.11) (3.13)

13.5 11.7 17.3

(1.29) (1.11) (3.20)

1.3 0.3 3.3

(0.91) (0.17) (2.74)

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

72 21 52

— — —

77.8 79.4 77.2

(2.29) (4.87) (2.56)

10.1 9.5 10.3

(2.35) (3.72) (2.93)

5.3 4.3 5.7

(1.35) (2.24) (1.69)

4.0 6.6 2.9

(1.67) (4.99) (1.08)

10.1 6.5 11.5

(1.90) (3.62) (2.22)

60.7 65.1 59.0

(4.03) (6.77) (4.88)

57.4 60.7 56.1

(4.83) (6.96) (6.10)

7.2 6.0 7.6

(2.53) (2.12) (3.42)

Other graduate.................................

412

—

41.1

(2.90)

2.5

(0.42)

4.4

(0.78)

1.5

(0.34)

16.8

(1.47)

11.1

(1.26)

10.3

(1.23)

0.4

(0.18)

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 529 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

Table 326. Part-time or part-year postbaccalaureate students, by type of aid, level of study, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1992–93 through 2003–04—Continued

Level of study and control and type of institution

Type of aid, in percents

Postbaccalaureate students,1 in thousands

Any aid2

Fellowship grants

2

3

4

1

Loans Tuition waivers Assistantships3 5

Employer

Any loans

Stafford4

Perkins

7

8

9

10

6

2003–04 All institutions ........................

1,903

(33.7)

65.5

(1.29)

14.3

(1.11)

5.9

(0.62)

11.5

(0.73)

26.0

(1.23)

31.5

(1.39)

27.4

(1.50)

1.7

(0.21)

Master’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year ............................. Private.......................................... 4-year doctoral ......................... Other 4-year .............................

1,320 689 499 190 631 313 318

(37.8) (27.5) (18.6) (15.0) (45.2) (26.0) (43.1)

67.5 63.3 63.9 61.8 72.2 68.8 75.4

(1.61) (1.49) (1.30) (4.02) (2.78) (2.41) (5.15)

12.9 13.2 14.8 9.0 12.5 15.4 9.6

(1.48) (1.08) (1.23) (2.11) (2.63) (2.80) (4.26)

5.4 7.4 8.3 5.0 3.3 2.9 3.6

(0.87) (0.90) (1.06) (1.38) (1.18) (0.61) (2.25)

10.2 16.0 17.9 11.2 3.8 6.0 1.8

(0.93) (1.08) (1.04) (2.46) (0.81) (1.20) (0.87)

27.6 24.6 24.8 24.1 30.9 28.1 33.7

(1.47) (1.38) (1.37) (3.82) (2.69) (2.93) (4.41)

34.5 29.0 28.0 31.5 40.5 37.4 43.5

(1.56) (1.30) (1.24) (3.63) (2.96) (2.67) (4.90)

30.2 24.6 23.4 27.8 36.2 31.5 40.9

(1.76) (1.37) (1.24) (3.65) (3.44) (3.14) (5.47)

1.6 2.2 2.6 1.2 0.9 1.7 0.1

(0.27) (0.41) (0.43) (0.91) (0.35) (0.72) (0.15)

Doctor’s degree ............................... Public ........................................... Private..........................................

192 122 70

(11.1) (5.5) (8.7)

72.2 74.4 68.3

(1.28) (1.17) (3.35)

29.0 34.5 19.2

(1.60) (1.49) (2.35)

15.2 21.0 4.9

(1.11) (1.32) (1.10)

33.4 42.2 17.9

(1.66) (1.32) (2.37)

19.9 17.3 24.3

(1.64) (1.02) (4.13)

22.5 18.2 30.0

(1.46) (1.22) (3.57)

18.0 13.5 25.9

(1.36) (1.15) (3.33)

1.5 1.9 0.8

(0.29) (0.40) (0.37)

First-professional ............................. Public ........................................... Private..........................................

69 14 56

(12.1) (1.8) (12.1)

75.4 79.2 74.4

(3.94) (5.05) (4.81)

34.6 28.9 36.0

(6.42) (6.70) (7.90)

3.5 7.2 2.5

(1.70) (3.25) (1.89)

6.5 8.3 6.1

(1.67) (3.65) (1.98)

13.2 9.4 14.1

(2.65) (3.26) (3.24)

52.8 64.4 49.9

(6.17) (5.91) (7.56)

46.6 49.6 45.8

(5.74) (6.77) (7.07)

6.1 20.5 2.6

(1.83) (3.71) (1.42)

Other graduate.................................

321

(28.6)

51.2

(2.31)

7.2

(1.38)

3.0

(0.63)

5.1

(0.87)

25.7

(2.55)

20.0

(2.69)

17.3

(2.59)

1.0

(0.39)

—Not available. 1 Numbers of postbaccalaureate students may not equal figures reported in other tables, since these data are based on a sample survey of all postbaccalaureate students enrolled at any time during the school year. 2 Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source of aid. 3Includes students who received teaching or research assistantships and/or participated in work-study programs. 4 Stafford loans, formerly Guaranteed Student Loans (GSL). 5Fellowship estimates for 1992–93 and 1995–96 were based primarily on information provided by institutions, and are not comparable to data for 1999–2000 or 2003–04, which were based on information provided by both students and institutions.

NOTE: Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported. Totals include some students whose level of study or control of institution was unknown. Data include Puerto Rico. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and because some students receive aid from multiple sources. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1992–93, 1995–96, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 National Postsecondary Student Aid Studies (NPSAS:93, NPSAS:96, NPSAS:2000, and NPSAS:04). (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

[In thousands]

State 1

1989–90

1990–91

1992–931

1993–941

1994–951

1995–961

1996–971

1997–981

1998–991

1999–20001

2000–011

2001–021

2002–03

2003–04

Percent change, 1993–94 to 2003–042

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Need-based undergraduate aid as a percent of all needbased and non-need-based aid3 ..........................................

76.8

77.4

75.7

75.7

77.5

84.4

83.5

81.5

79.9

76.7

75.1

74.4

76.7

74.4

†

Need-based aid ....................

$1,529,421

$1,658,221

$1,923,720

$2,195,993

$2,421,952

$2,435,687

$2,555,667

$2,735,670

$2,927,207

$3,102,348

$3,475,500

$3,790,435

$3,930,714

$4,226,378

92.5

Alabama ........................................ Alaska............................................ Arizona .......................................... Arkansas........................................ California .......................................

2,984 228 3,420 3,946 153,045

2,878 464 3,318 3,885 161,642

2,271 470 2,437 6,319 151,379

2,283 454 3,476 7,701 207,969

2,281 444 3,482 8,907 232,067

2,142 430 2,291 10,765 235,582

1,950 213 2,748 12,569 257,544

2,270 240 3,160 13,160 284,410

2,046 0 2,731 15,922 331,636

1,831 0 2,727 25,010 369,785

1,820 0 2,990 30,887 461,914

1,841 0 2,812 29,006 514,348

1,646 — 2,790 20,981 544,893

3,260 — 2,865 19,931 654,549

42.8 † -17.6 158.8 214.7

Colorado ........................................ Connecticut.................................... Delaware........................................ District of Columbia ....................... Florida............................................

10,349 19,915 956 1,069 20,134

11,276 20,580 1,066 947 24,729

14,812 20,805 1,121 1,015 29,628

16,480 20,641 1,270 1,022 31,277

18,252 20,690 1,033 1,022 36,824

21,076 20,372 1,188 939 34,822

28,236 20,297 959 6 939 33,854

31,670 26,360 1,290 940 35,680

41,884 33,113 1,409 728 36,659

4

4

43,178 15,938 1,713 — 88,731

47,834 36,434 11,553 27,572 88,496

190.3 76.5 809.7 2,597.8 182.9

Georgia.......................................... Hawaii ............................................ Idaho.............................................. Illinois............................................. Indiana...........................................

4,607 726 346 171,361 41,874

5,070 612 350 183,508 46,756

4,951 724 580 203,532 55,814

26,853 748 634 214,809 55,814

5,147 732 779 244,352 67,742

4,757 499 763 256,872 68,340

2,165 379 714 272,898 77,834

1,060 590 710 288,870 85,040

472 493 756 315,657 99,490

Iowa ............................................... Kansas........................................... Kentucky ........................................ Louisiana ....................................... Maine.............................................

32,467 6,478 12,605 2,786 1,877

35,586 6,462 19,866 3,827 4,802

34,067 6,894 20,520 5,125 5,200

34,718 9,060 20,619 6,374 5,170

35,642 9,802 25,517 6,429 5,787

38,953 9,526 26,215 6,580 6,988

41,938 10,171 28,902 7,172 6,636

44,900 10,310 27,200 8,190 7,700

Maryland........................................ Massachusetts............................... Michigan ........................................ Minnesota ...................................... Mississippi .....................................

14,800 50,844 70,721 58,136 1,243

15,607 46,000 68,918 74,656 1,136

20,828 45,989 75,469 83,170 1,244

23,713 45,059 79,735 102,920 1,255

24,571 61,850 81,340 97,920 1,248

30,350 54,565 84,154 92,069 1,175

36,264 57,413 85,872 92,707 540

Missouri ......................................... Montana......................................... Nebraska ....................................... Nevada .......................................... New Hampshire .............................

10,796 415 1,276 6 352 918

11,078 383 2,192 321 770

11,097 418 2,613 341 1,253

11,124 401 2,686 342 840

11,913 419 2,726 342 1,425

12,233 393 3,114 2,595 765

New Jersey .................................... New Mexico ................................... New York........................................ North Carolina ............................... North Dakota .................................

84,347 5,601 382,655 3,046 1,242

87,054 6,479 428,358 2,519 1,177

118,868 8,295 554,803 3,163 2,162

135,251 9,266 618,849 14,436 2,036

159,683 13,886 636,704 13,774 1,996

132,383 14,629 625,711 16,659 1,898

See notes at end of table.

41,884 37,001 967 743 44,892

41,884 44,364 1,057 781 66,193

46,700 44,820 1,211 1,321 75,656

0 490 830 337,003 104,737

0 535 700 359,932 110,147

1,540 531 814 384,477 114,708

1,501 408 874 343,262 135,892

1,460 408 823 339,624 150,706

-94.6 -45.5 29.8 58.1 170.0

48,242 11,669 38,441 1,393 4 7,700

51,351 12,265 40,118 1,388 10,360

52,632 12,692 45,327 1,463 11,961

51,191 12,974 48,322 1,452 12,021

49,620 — 51,742 1,452 12,547

48,838 14,073 68,433 1,452 12,561

40.7 55.3 231.9 -77.2 143.0

37,190 74,340 90,480 96,400 1,070

38,515 92,127 92,299 113,381 859

39,592 102,056 91,109 113,714 1,563

43,665 114,058 102,164 120,426 4 1,563

45,535 110,711 106,244 130,370 1,489

39,512 83,177 95,719 133,586 1,340

46,503 79,714 91,782 119,583 17,226

96.1 76.9 15.1 16.2 1,272.6

13,681 314 3,211 3,180 669

14,690 460 4,090 5,900 1,330

20,003 474 4,692 4 5,900 1,744

24,100 1,990 5,645 6,083 1,497

28,058 2,204 5,975 6,529 1,488

27,847 2,810 7,380 6,545 3,066

25,603 2,824 2,458 — 3,170

25,111 2,541 8,742 7,755 3,647

125.7 533.7 225.5 2,167.5 334.2

152,458 14,289 629,940 17,435 2,202

153,420 14,510 636,760 37,090 2,070

160,859 16,229 619,065 41,579 2,016

170,015 15,745 599,435 50,572 2,076

174,554 17,469 645,090 58,769 779

187,756 15,950 684,342 71,897 1,402

191,913 12,906 737,075 76,344 1,397

198,722 2,424 856,143 107,211 1,346

46.9 -73.8 38.3 642.7 -33.9

5

530 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

Table 327. State awards for need-based undergraduate scholarship and grant programs, by state: Selected years, 1989–90 through 2003–04

Table 327. State awards for need-based undergraduate scholarship and grant programs, by state: Selected years, 1989–90 through 2003–04—Continued [In thousands] Percent change, 1993–94 to 2003–042

1989–90

1990–91

1992–931

1993–941

1994–951

1995–961

1996–971

1997–981

1998–991

1999–20001

2000–011

2001–021

2002–03

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Ohio ............................................... Oklahoma ...................................... Oregon........................................... Pennsylvania.................................. Rhode Island .................................

53,848 11,591 10,092 132,344 9,917

54,600 11,871 11,809 142,389 9,522

66,000 13,286 12,606 173,214 9,586

77,940 13,405 12,903 188,751 6,500

91,225 13,325 13,761 218,604 6,340

86,053 13,642 13,651 232,020 5,741

86,770 14,558 16,241 240,459 5,699

92,950 16,920 15,800 251,550 6,010

93,122 17,387 16,027 270,724 5,717

95,482 17,579 17,891 280,402 6,098

98,607 19,608 19,711 325,234 6,164

112,264 22,091 19,866 337,014 6,077

132,293 22,272 17,290 348,788 6,310

144,777 28,027 21,782 360,816 12,297

85.8 109.1 68.8 91.2 89.2

South Carolina............................... South Dakota................................. Tennessee ..................................... Texas ............................................. Utah ...............................................

18,150 504 12,977 24,784 1,091

17,901 468 13,487 24,135 1,001

17,105 587 13,723 27,467 1,115

16,795 589 16,755 29,102 1,132

17,297 589 18,313 29,102 1,129

18,622 562 18,811 40,768 1,197

21,540 346 18,652 42,761 2,170

21,920 0 20,440 60,670 1,960

22,853 0 20,648 61,728 1,957

33,198 0 21,383 93,814 2,656

39,098 0 29,304 106,382 2,511

34,971 0 37,320 197,252 4,069

5 26,127

— 45,806 318,784 3,779

41,181 — 41,833 156,529 3,713

145.2 † 149.7 437.9 228.0

Vermont ......................................... Virginia........................................... Washington.................................... West Virginia.................................. Wisconsin ...................................... Wyoming........................................

11,137 7,966 13,925 5,217 38,072 6 241

10,184 7,351 21,095 5,559 42,365 6 212

11,120 6,654 23,571 5,868 44,216 225

11,167 6,408 46,617 5,802 46,592 250

11,788 53,885 53,369 6,761 49,511 225

11,865 59,568 56,573 8,132 46,470 219

11,309 59,025 58,149 10,527 49,008 160

12,330 59,260 69,430 12,140 50,540 200

12,760 62,972 74,159 13,103 53,711 155

13,739 66,641 76,581 16,135 52,020 155

14,327 70,260 90,651 18,217 65,356 0

15,545 70,289 101,247 21,054 62,124 163

16,225 69,138 113,345 19,175 67,029 161

16,858 77,346 126,096 22,863 72,775 163

51.0 1,107.0 170.5 294.1 56.2 -34.8

State 1

5May 6

include 2001–02 data. Data are estimated based on prior year’s report. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: National Association of State Student Grant and Aid Programs, Annual Survey Report, 1989–90 to 2003–04. Retrieved on August 5, 2005, from http://www.nassgap.org/viewrepository.aspx?categoryID=3#. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 531 Student Charges and Student Financial Assistance

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Estimated. 2Changes may reflect introduction of new programs or discontinuation of existing programs. 3 Includes aid for graduate education and data for Puerto Rico. Participation requirements vary from state to state. 4Prior-year data used for nonreporting states.

2003–04

532 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Revenue _

e un e v eR Table 328. Current-fund revenue of degree-granting institutions, by source of funds: Selected years, 1919–20 through 1995–96 [In thousands of current dollars]

Year 1

Current-fund revenue

Student Federal State Local tuition and fees1 government2 governments3 governments

Endowment earnings

Private gifts and grants4

Sales and services of educational activities

Auxiliary enterprises

Hospitals5

Other current income

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Institutions of higher education6 1919–20........................... 1929–30........................... 1939–40........................... 1949–50........................... 1959–60...........................

$199,922 554,511 715,211 2,374,645 5,785,537

$42,255 144,126 200,897 394,610 1,157,482

$12,783 20,658 38,860 524,319 1,036,990

$61,690 150,847 151,222 491,636 1,374,476

( 7) ( 7) $24,392 61,700 151,715

$26,482 68,605 71,304 96,341 206,619

$7,584 26,172 40,453 118,627 382,569

— — $32,777 111,987 102,525

$26,993 60,419 143,923 511,265 1,004,283

— — — — $187,769

$22,135 83,684 11,383 64,160 181,110

1969–70........................... 1975–76........................... 1976–77........................... 1977–78........................... 1978–79...........................

21,515,242 39,703,166 43,436,827 47,034,032 51,837,789

4,419,845 8,171,942 9,024,932 9,855,270 10,704,171

4,130,066 6,477,178 7,169,031 6,968,501 7,851,326

5,873,626 12,260,885 13,285,684 14,746,166 16,363,784

778,162 1,616,975 1,626,908 1,744,230 1,573,018

516,038 687,470 764,788 832,286 985,242

1,129,438 1,917,036 2,105,070 2,320,368 2,489,366

612,777 645,420 779,058 882,715 1,037,130

2,900,390 4,547,622 4,919,602 5,327,821 5,741,309

619,578 2,494,340 2,859,376 3,268,956 3,763,453

535,323 884,298 902,377 1,087,719 1,328,991

1979–80........................... 1980–81........................... 1981–82........................... 1982–83........................... 1983–84...........................

58,519,982 65,584,789 72,190,856 77,595,726 84,417,287

11,930,340 13,773,259 15,774,038 17,776,041 19,714,884

8,902,844 9,747,586 9,591,805 9,631,097 10,406,166

18,378,299 20,106,222 21,848,791 23,065,636 24,706,990

1,587,552 1,790,740 1,937,669 2,031,353 2,192,275

1,176,627 1,364,443 1,596,813 1,720,677 1,873,945

2,808,075 3,176,670 3,563,558 4,052,649 4,415,275

1,239,439 1,409,730 1,582,922 1,723,484 1,970,747

6,481,458 7,287,290 8,121,611 8,769,521 9,456,369

4,373,384 4,980,346 5,838,565 6,531,562 7,040,662

1,641,965 1,948,503 2,335,084 2,293,706 2,639,973

1984–85........................... 1985–86........................... 1986–87........................... 1987–88........................... 1988–89...........................

92,472,694 100,437,616 108,809,827 117,340,109 128,501,638

21,283,329 23,116,605 25,705,827 27,836,781 30,806,566

11,509,125 12,704,750 13,904,049 14,771,954 15,893,978

27,583,011 29,911,500 31,309,303 33,517,166 36,031,208

2,387,212 2,544,506 2,799,321 3,006,263 3,363,676

2,096,298 2,275,898 2,377,958 2,586,441 2,914,396

4,896,325 5,410,905 5,952,682 6,359,282 7,060,730

2,126,927 2,373,494 2,641,906 2,918,090 3,315,620

10,100,410 10,674,136 11,364,188 11,947,778 12,855,580

7,474,575 8,226,635 9,277,834 10,626,566 11,991,265

3,015,483 3,199,186 3,476,760 3,769,787 4,268,618

1989–90........................... 1990–91........................... 1991–92........................... 1992–93........................... 1993–94...........................

139,635,477 149,766,051 161,395,896 170,880,503 179,226,601

33,926,060 37,434,462 41,559,037 45,346,071 48,646,538

17,254,874 18,236,082 19,833,317 21,014,564 22,076,385

38,349,239 39,480,874 40,586,907 41,247,955 41,910,288

3,639,902 3,931,239 4,159,876 4,444,875 4,998,306

3,143,696 3,268,629 3,442,009 3,627,773 3,669,536

7,781,422 8,361,265 8,977,271 9,659,977 10,203,062

3,632,100 4,054,703 4,520,890 5,037,901 5,294,030

13,938,469 14,903,127 15,758,599 16,662,850 17,537,514

13,216,664 15,149,672 17,240,338 18,124,015 18,959,776

4,753,051 4,945,998 5,317,651 5,714,523 5,931,167

1994–95........................... 1995–96...........................

189,120,570 197,414,848

51,506,876 54,725,982

23,243,172 23,879,098

44,343,012 45,621,627

5,165,961 5,589,988

3,988,217 4,570,933

10,866,749 11,942,987

5,603,251 5,552,907

18,336,094 18,861,585

19,100,217 18,672,680

6,967,023 7,997,061

Degree-granting institutions8 1995–96...........................

197,973,236

55,260,293

23,939,075

45,692,673

5,607,909

4,562,171

11,903,126

5,530,763

18,867,540

18,611,570

7,998,116

—Not available. 1 Tuition and fees received from veterans under Public Law 550 are reported under student fees and are not under income from the federal government. 2Federally supported student aid that is received through students is included under tuition and auxiliary enterprises. 3 Includes federal aid received through state channels and regional compacts, through 1959–60. 4 Beginning in 1969–70, the private grants represent nongovernmental revenue for sponsored research, student aid, and other sponsored programs. 5Prior to 1959–60, data for hospitals are included under sales and services of educational activities. 6Institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. 7 Income from state and local governments tabulated under “State governments.” 8Data are for 4-year and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Data for years prior to 1969–70 are not entirely comparable with data for later years. Also, some details for 1969–70 are not directly comparable with data for later years. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Annual Report of the Commissioner of Education, 1919–20; Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1929–30 through 1959–60; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education,” 1969–70 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 1995–96 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY86–96). (This table was prepared October 1998.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 533 Revenue _

Table 329. Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source of funds: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01 Source 1

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

2

3

4

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991

1999–2000

2000–01

5

6

7

8

9

10

In thousands of current dollars Total current-fund revenue....

$43,195,617

$65,004,632

$94,904,506

$123,501,152

$129,504,834

$137,570,935

$144,969,708

$157,313,664

$176,645,215

Tuition and fees................................ Federal government......................... Appropriations.............................. Unrestricted grants and contracts Restricted grants and contracts3.. Independent operations (FFRDC)4 ............................... State governments .......................... Appropriations.............................. Unrestricted grants and contracts Restricted grants and contracts ... Local governments .......................... Appropriations.............................. Unrestricted grants and contracts Restricted grants and contracts ... Private gifts, grants, and contracts... Unrestricted ................................. Restricted..................................... Endowment income ......................... Unrestricted ................................. Restricted..................................... Sales and services .......................... Educational activities ................... Auxiliary enterprises .................... Hospitals ...................................... Other sources ..................................

5,570,404 5,540,101 1,128,101 529,424 3,812,197

9,439,177 6,852,370 1,401,367 816,364 4,481,723

15,258,024 9,763,427 1,604,548 1,319,035 6,629,484

23,257,454 13,672,467 1,826,738 1,996,861 9,598,340

24,631,120 14,189,358 1,830,604 1,912,736 10,173,113

26,058,092 14,544,027 1,570,329 2,049,105 10,586,439

27,427,984 15,554,372 1,679,660 2,254,726 11,287,950

29,125,603 16,952,116 1,583,132 (2) 14,819,488

31,919,611 19,744,966 1,719,963 ( 2) 17,088,332

70,379 19,675,968 19,006,716 45,390 623,863 1,622,938 1,478,001 9,915 135,022 1,100,084 110,462 989,622 214,561 102,888 111,673 8,455,449 943,737 4,614,561 2,897,151 1,016,110

152,916 29,220,586 28,071,070 88,779 1,060,737 2,325,844 2,150,459 27,852 147,533 2,109,782 279,381 1,830,401 398,603 181,624 216,979 12,990,670 1,596,946 6,684,794 4,708,930 1,667,600

210,360 38,239,978 35,898,653 250,168 2,091,157 3,531,714 3,159,789 73,281 298,644 3,651,107 529,496 3,121,611 431,235 147,368 283,867 21,546,202 2,700,185 9,058,745 9,787,271 2,482,819

250,529 44,242,546 40,081,437 924,837 3,236,272 5,074,511 4,397,098 184,597 492,815 5,089,344 784,979 4,304,365 721,079 304,860 416,219 27,399,796 3,528,610 11,595,408 12,275,778 4,043,955

272,906 46,113,543 42,026,368 690,665 3,396,510 5,019,600 4,348,960 193,262 477,377 5,584,198 900,449 4,683,749 784,695 299,237 485,458 28,851,838 3,888,767 12,280,517 12,682,554 4,330,483

338,154 49,114,782 44,737,656 498,485 3,878,641 5,279,349 4,594,289 226,024 459,036 6,123,038 993,528 5,129,511 887,093 330,570 556,523 30,491,654 4,142,825 13,070,055 13,278,773 5,072,901

332,037 52,132,474 47,369,188 497,396 4,265,889 5,546,546 4,792,860 275,326 478,360 6,752,392 1,127,013 5,625,378 958,363 331,074 627,288 31,595,145 4,559,546 13,775,599 13,260,000 5,002,432

549,496 56,369,564 50,818,832 (2) 5,550,732 6,039,978 5,217,976 (2) 822,003 7,488,781 — — 1,170,163 — — 33,982,146 4,817,258 15,174,301 13,990,587 6,185,313

936,671 62,895,892 56,268,990 ( 2) 6,626,902 7,052,431 5,582,287 ( 2) 1,470,144 8,948,322 — — 1,351,989 — — 38,250,128 4,988,373 16,501,834 16,759,921 6,481,876

Total current-fund revenue....

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Tuition and fees................................ Federal government......................... Appropriations.............................. Unrestricted grants and contracts Restricted grants and contracts3.. Independent operations (FFRDC)4 ............................... State governments .......................... Appropriations.............................. Unrestricted grants and contracts Restricted grants and contracts ... Local governments .......................... Appropriations.............................. Unrestricted grants and contracts Restricted grants and contracts ... Private gifts, grants, and contracts... Unrestricted ................................. Restricted..................................... Endowment income ......................... Unrestricted ................................. Restricted..................................... Sales and services .......................... Educational activities ................... Auxiliary enterprises .................... Hospitals ...................................... Other sources ..................................

12.9 12.8 2.6 1.2 8.8

14.5 10.5 2.2 1.3 6.9

16.1 10.3 1.7 1.4 7.0

18.8 11.1 1.5 1.6 7.8

19.0 11.0 1.4 1.5 7.9

18.9 10.6 1.1 1.5 7.7

18.9 10.7 1.2 1.6 7.8

18.5 10.8 1.0 (2) 9.4

18.1 11.2 1.0 ( 2) 9.7

0.2 45.6 44.0 0.1 1.4 3.8 3.4 # 0.3 2.5 0.3 2.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 19.6 2.2 10.7 6.7 2.4

0.2 45.0 43.2 0.1 1.6 3.6 3.3 # 0.2 3.2 0.4 2.8 0.6 0.3 0.3 20.0 2.5 10.3 7.2 2.6

0.2 40.3 37.8 0.3 2.2 3.7 3.3 0.1 0.3 3.8 0.6 3.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 22.7 2.8 9.5 10.3 2.6

0.2 35.8 32.5 0.7 2.6 4.1 3.6 0.1 0.4 4.1 0.6 3.5 0.6 0.2 0.3 22.2 2.9 9.4 9.9 3.3

0.2 35.6 32.5 0.5 2.6 3.9 3.4 0.1 0.4 4.3 0.7 3.6 0.6 0.2 0.4 22.3 3.0 9.5 9.8 3.3

0.2 35.7 32.5 0.4 2.8 3.8 3.3 0.2 0.3 4.5 0.7 3.7 0.6 0.2 0.4 22.2 3.0 9.5 9.7 3.7

0.2 36.0 32.7 0.3 2.9 3.8 3.3 0.2 0.3 4.7 0.8 3.9 0.7 0.2 0.4 21.8 3.1 9.5 9.1 3.5

0.3 35.8 32.3 (2) 3.5 3.8 3.3 (2) 0.5 4.8 — — 0.7 — — 21.6 3.1 9.6 8.9 3.9

0.5 35.6 31.9 ( 2) 3.8 4.0 3.2 ( 2) 0.8 5.1 — — 0.8 — — 21.7 2.8 9.3 9.5 3.7

Percentage distribution

—Not available. #Rounds to zero. 1Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) 2 Included under restricted grants and contracts. 3Excludes Pell Grants. Federally supported student aid that is received through students is included under tuition and auxiliary enterprises. 4 Generally includes only those revenues associated with major federally funded research and development centers (FFRDC). NOTE: Data for 1980–81 to 1990–91 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the

U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education,” 1980–81 and 1985–86 surveys; and 1990–91 through 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY91–00), and Spring 2001 and Spring 2002. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

534 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Revenue _

Table 330. Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 2000–01

Type of institution 1

Currentfund revenue 2

Student tuition Federal State Local and fees1 government2 governments governments 3

4

5

Private gifts and grants

Endowment income

Educational activities

Auxiliary enterprises

Hospitals

Other current income

7

8

9

10

11

12

6

In thousands of current dollars Total......................... $176,645,215

$31,919,611

$19,744,966

$62,895,892

$7,052,431

$8,948,322

$1,351,989

$4,988,373

$16,501,834

$16,759,921

$6,481,876

4-year............................... Doctoral, extensive3 ..... Doctoral, intensive4 ...... Master’s5 ...................... Baccalaureate6 ............ Specialized institutions7 Art, music, or design Engineering or technology.......... Medical or other health ................. Tribal8 ....................... Other specialized .....

145,182,096 85,191,303 14,300,189 25,496,345 3,197,432 16,996,826 90,538

25,784,677 14,271,919 3,083,343 6,776,969 1,014,428 638,018 23,367

18,004,239 11,596,036 1,542,115 1,472,190 175,190 3,218,708 2,054

48,910,351 26,940,592 5,126,316 11,878,703 1,321,344 3,643,396 49,629

915,705 250,876 107,236 232,826 52,231 272,537 0

8,571,836 5,693,330 847,009 747,871 82,779 1,200,848 6,186

1,324,192 1,048,447 100,545 55,623 13,343 106,234 30

4,759,931 3,117,195 436,764 407,700 47,883 750,389 143

14,804,051 9,226,263 1,561,201 3,208,399 406,912 401,276 6,728

16,759,921 9,800,692 1,030,615 0 0 5,928,613 0

5,347,193 3,245,955 465,045 716,065 83,322 836,806 2,403

331,517

84,587

36,897

124,147

355

32,052

588

6,041

37,873

0

8,976

14,665,386 55,412 1,853,973

350,194 8,258 171,611

2,070,506 38,399 1,070,853

3,157,232 78 312,310

269,213 676 2,291

1,133,981 8,153 20,476

102,465 227 2,924

741,046 454 2,704

209,148 1,704 145,823

5,822,905 0 105,709

808,695 -2,539 19,271

2-year............................... Associate’s of arts........ Tribal8 ...........................

31,463,120 31,370,649 92,470

6,134,934 6,126,712 8,222

1,740,726 1,686,541 54,185

13,985,541 13,976,605 8,936

6,136,726 6,132,575 4,151

376,486 371,652 4,834

27,797 27,195 602

228,442 228,331 110

1,697,784 1,694,441 3,343

0 0 0

1,134,683 1,126,597 8,087

Percentage distribution Total.........................

100.0

18.1

11.2

35.6

4.0

5.1

0.8

2.8

9.3

9.5

3.7

4-year............................... Doctoral, extensive3 ..... Doctoral, intensive4 ...... Master’s5 ...................... Baccalaureate6 ............ Specialized institutions7 Art, music, or design Engineering or technology.......... Medical or other health ................. Tribal8 ....................... Other specialized ..... 2-year............................... Associate’s of arts........ Tribal8 ...........................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

17.8 16.8 21.6 26.6 31.7 3.8 25.8

12.4 13.6 10.8 5.8 5.5 18.9 2.3

33.7 31.6 35.8 46.6 41.3 21.4 54.8

0.6 0.3 0.7 0.9 1.6 1.6 0.0

5.9 6.7 5.9 2.9 2.6 7.1 6.8

0.9 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.0

3.3 3.7 3.1 1.6 1.5 4.4 0.2

10.2 10.8 10.9 12.6 12.7 2.4 7.4

11.5 11.5 7.2 0.0 0.0 34.9 0.0

3.7 3.8 3.3 2.8 2.6 4.9 2.7

100.0

25.5

11.1

37.4

0.1

9.7

0.2

1.8

11.4

0.0

2.7

100.0 100.0 100.1 100.0 100.0 100.0

2.4 14.9 9.3 19.5 19.5 8.9

14.1 69.3 57.8 5.5 5.4 58.6

21.5 0.1 16.8 44.5 44.6 9.7

1.8 1.2 0.1 19.5 19.5 4.5

7.7 14.7 1.1 1.2 1.2 5.2

0.7 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.7

5.1 0.8 0.1 0.7 0.7 0.1

1.4 3.1 7.9 5.4 5.4 3.6

39.7 0.0 5.7 0.0 0.0 0.0

5.5 -4.6 1.0 3.6 3.6 8.7

Total.........................

$21,368

$3,861

$2,388

$7,608

$853

$1,082

$164

$603

$1,996

$2,027

$784

4-year............................... Doctoral, extensive3 ..... Doctoral, intensive4 ...... Master’s5 ...................... Baccalaureate6 ............ Specialized institutions7 Art, music, or design Engineering or technology.......... Medical or other health ................. Tribal8 ....................... Other specialized .....

28,889 39,085 21,872 14,366 12,656 103,214 27,612

5,131 6,548 4,716 3,818 4,015 3,874 7,126

3,583 5,320 2,359 830 693 19,546 626

9,732 12,360 7,840 6,693 5,230 22,125 15,135

182 115 164 131 207 1,655 0

1,706 2,612 1,295 421 328 7,292 1,886

263 481 154 31 53 645 9

947 1,430 668 230 190 4,557 44

2,946 4,233 2,388 1,808 1,611 2,437 2,052

3,335 4,496 1,576 0 0 36,002 0

1,064 1,489 711 403 330 5,082 733

24,107

6,151

2,683

9,028

26

2,331

43

439

2,754

0

653

333,032 22,254 18,335

7,952 3,316 1,697

47,018 15,421 10,590

71,697 31 3,089

6,113 272 23

25,751 3,274 202

2,327 91 29

16,828 182 27

4,749 684 1,442

132,231 0 1,045

18,364 -1,020 191

2-year............................... Associate’s of arts........ Tribal8 ...........................

9,707 9,691 21,455

1,893 1,893 1,908

537 521 12,572

4,315 4,318 2,073

1,893 1,895 963

116 115 1,122

9 8 140

70 71 26

524 523 776

0 0 0

350 348 1,876

Revenue per full-time-equivalent student

1Includes 2Includes

federally supported aid received through students. appropriations, grants, contacts, and revenues associated with major federally funded research and development centers (FFRDC). Excludes Pell Grants. 3Doctoral, extensive institutions are committed to graduate education through the doctorate, and award 50 or more doctor’s degrees per year across at least 15 disciplines. 4Doctoral, intensive institutions are committed to education through the doctorate, and award at least 10 doctor’s degrees per year across 3 or more disciplines or at least 20 doctor’s degrees overall. 5Master’s institutions offer a full range of baccalaureate programs and are committed to education through the master’s degree. They award at least 20 master’s degrees per year. 6 Baccalaureate institutions primarily emphasize undergraduate education.

7Specialized

4-year institutions award degrees primarily in single fields of study, such as medicine, business, fine arts, theology, and engineering. Other specialized also includes some institutions that have 4-year programs, but have not reported sufficient data to identify program category. Other specialized also includes institutions classified as 4-year under the IPEDS system, which had been classified as 2-year in the Carnegie classification system. 8Tribally controlled colleges are located on reservations and are members of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2001 and Spring 2002. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 535 Revenue

Table 331. Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01 [In thousands of current dollars] Institutions of higher education

State or jurisdiction 1

Degree-granting institutions

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991

1999–2000

2000–01

Percent change, 1995–96 to 2000–01

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States ..........

$43,195,617

$65,004,632

Alabama .......................... Alaska.............................. Arizona ............................ Arkansas.......................... California .........................

889,121 159,446 719,835 350,597 5,906,729

1,401,693 221,837 1,049,493 539,185 8,739,396

$94,904,506 $119,312,493 $123,501,152 $129,504,834 $137,570,935 $144,969,708 $157,313,664 $176,645,215 2,131,005 291,826 1,596,710 818,079 12,281,700

2,805,154 344,877 1,931,523 1,113,954 14,558,144

2,852,401 357,215 2,046,890 1,239,571 14,726,206

3,016,557 341,872 2,138,136 1,298,627 15,964,985

3,171,808 353,498 2,304,587 1,363,966 16,986,493

3,345,299 364,828 2,448,838 1,456,673 18,563,723

3,525,748 397,313 2,603,994 1,563,411 21,234,035

3,709,414 435,386 2,778,908 1,715,807 24,474,062

30.0 21.9 35.8 38.4 66.2

Colorado .......................... Connecticut...................... Delaware.......................... District of Columbia ......... Florida..............................

747,040 378,527 168,522 66,138 1,202,788

1,085,076 578,866 251,677 84,144 1,810,090

1,483,901 889,831 388,635 95,729 2,944,935

1,914,233 1,148,389 496,696 103,770 3,584,085

2,027,721 1,177,959 505,678 105,037 3,777,158

2,132,570 1,254,377 527,578 110,176 4,060,831

2,333,344 1,355,466 566,482 74,984 4,342,619

2,409,822 1,453,963 604,795 87,953 4,764,635

2,566,648 1,567,975 661,232 73,866 5,069,280

2,776,763 1,632,739 660,198 92,583 5,570,712

36.9 38.6 30.6 -11.9 47.5

Georgia............................ Hawaii .............................. Idaho................................ Illinois............................... Indiana.............................

765,826 219,633 169,274 1,809,981 1,094,560

1,267,472 316,246 235,507 2,560,241 1,701,421

1,953,866 497,495 359,710 3,566,406 2,494,029

2,760,323 651,282 492,918 4,360,136 3,080,345

2,878,818 560,760 545,766 4,542,868 2,857,055

3,119,310 560,437 536,224 4,758,980 3,043,171

3,388,888 610,379 564,542 5,034,460 3,398,818

3,612,088 660,029 599,207 5,293,551 3,540,110

4,044,009 650,138 639,263 5,577,595 3,779,471

4,167,294 813,419 699,339 5,969,132 4,055,801

44.8 45.1 28.1 31.4 42.0

Iowa ................................. Kansas............................. Kentucky .......................... Louisiana ......................... Maine...............................

784,950 594,104 671,414 735,374 157,370

1,109,681 864,119 943,068 1,055,941 222,624

1,775,267 1,219,129 1,450,958 1,447,772 373,770

2,106,504 1,553,593 1,778,568 1,968,669 400,426

2,231,113 1,618,071 1,881,064 1,998,340 413,730

2,299,508 1,665,163 2,099,372 2,085,648 438,283

2,410,386 1,768,558 2,183,975 2,965,259 451,122

2,551,963 1,696,117 2,399,560 3,185,911 476,334

2,686,809 1,767,439 2,600,972 3,234,279 525,720

2,897,369 1,853,866 2,756,724 3,266,570 559,145

29.9 14.6 46.6 63.5 35.1

Maryland.......................... Massachusetts................. Michigan .......................... Minnesota ........................ Mississippi .......................

818,850 582,873 2,094,394 894,236 543,209

1,144,230 1,075,348 3,071,172 1,373,436 734,813

1,777,841 1,457,142 4,648,488 2,080,637 1,005,448

2,074,521 1,586,319 5,798,882 2,671,566 1,443,162

2,227,596 1,691,648 6,047,686 2,786,053 1,500,350

2,387,359 1,785,039 6,372,192 2,689,471 1,563,096

2,605,240 2,026,780 6,895,923 2,668,061 1,692,634

2,684,844 2,079,959 7,104,491 2,803,447 1,867,612

3,027,414 2,238,572 7,849,161 2,938,833 2,065,635

3,259,523 2,404,860 8,256,504 3,124,953 2,210,394

46.3 42.2 36.5 12.2 47.3

Missouri ........................... Montana........................... Nebraska ......................... Nevada ............................ New Hampshire ...............

717,626 123,933 390,372 113,298 131,990

1,032,685 181,462 554,814 184,883 190,462

1,517,071 258,189 870,289 336,841 304,315

1,978,783 385,984 1,124,836 484,276 391,619

2,100,852 414,843 1,216,869 492,276 412,456

2,269,910 434,255 1,259,999 540,908 425,245

2,394,854 467,857 1,110,462 612,737 445,418

2,559,443 484,616 1,186,659 635,668 463,629

2,757,064 516,443 1,254,988 688,812 505,905

2,974,722 568,998 1,290,550 759,787 534,852

41.6 37.2 6.1 54.3 29.7

New Jersey ...................... New Mexico ..................... New York.......................... North Carolina ................. North Dakota ...................

917,143 334,392 2,519,437 1,146,931 196,267

1,446,098 473,716 3,830,119 1,857,124 286,550

2,413,530 944,248 5,424,379 2,650,124 377,960

3,106,652 1,316,934 6,887,321 3,521,601 467,926

3,189,439 1,369,513 6,861,111 3,640,049 445,128

3,281,123 1,417,094 6,944,550 3,916,240 463,817

3,447,431 1,481,490 7,220,672 4,163,282 490,018

3,606,702 1,527,615 7,205,170 4,503,149 505,149

4,006,134 1,707,437 7,860,352 4,783,002 505,360

4,334,592 1,784,784 13,504,184 5,195,781 557,321

35.9 30.3 96.8 42.7 25.2

Ohio ................................. Oklahoma ........................ Oregon............................. Pennsylvania.................... Rhode Island ...................

1,828,079 588,936 647,391 1,575,104 156,451

2,824,411 873,446 899,709 2,473,794 213,859

4,184,621 1,072,967 1,358,244 3,692,745 292,404

4,976,134 1,300,779 1,816,031 4,684,460 344,171

4,982,846 1,382,711 1,891,391 5,017,535 354,437

5,170,418 1,489,552 2,006,002 5,167,772 368,303

5,487,008 1,621,460 2,159,818 5,116,866 380,742

5,720,889 1,743,732 2,361,300 5,440,857 410,233

6,150,522 1,939,681 2,599,437 5,895,701 426,782

6,620,183 2,126,967 2,833,217 6,757,041 449,867

32.9 53.8 49.8 34.7 26.9

South Carolina................. South Dakota ................... Tennessee ....................... Texas ............................... Utah .................................

630,966 127,839 675,770 2,858,725 431,294

957,771 147,699 1,104,118 4,558,275 686,817

1,502,709 198,583 1,634,491 6,015,609 1,020,836

1,997,203 260,853 2,053,495 8,123,435 1,402,962

1,960,481 297,342 2,111,127 8,779,578 1,489,664

2,094,901 303,511 2,183,090 9,122,544 1,588,631

2,207,839 321,192 2,257,541 9,840,778 1,675,722

2,324,803 340,228 2,394,995 10,225,259 1,828,109

2,516,539 362,193 2,368,878 11,336,629 1,918,070

2,259,668 387,236 2,549,485 13,331,866 2,087,996

15.3 30.2 20.8 51.9 40.2

Vermont ........................... Virginia............................. Washington...................... West Virginia.................... Wisconsin ........................ Wyoming..........................

127,337 1,159,453 998,146 318,915 1,228,414 140,520

191,559 1,876,151 1,445,849 385,170 1,761,927 208,595

281,526 2,902,939 2,188,366 563,796 2,487,501 251,760

329,679 3,483,691 2,877,386 693,159 3,033,547 293,209

341,988 3,609,275 3,040,757 734,283 3,108,030 298,526

357,150 3,873,770 3,205,924 761,020 2,900,632 303,013

374,038 3,674,648 3,750,043 768,024 3,170,088 315,923

390,803 3,913,301 3,599,506 832,941 3,319,658 328,541

407,181 4,145,226 3,888,798 864,530 3,601,098 337,773

436,519 4,500,773 4,245,093 938,163 3,879,996 370,340

27.6 24.7 39.6 27.8 24.8 24.1

U.S. Service Schools .......

586,095

920,790

1,128,158

1,248,328

1,361,895

1,406,501

1,096,712

1,061,006

1,080,319

1,223,770

-10.1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

43.0

536 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Revenue

Table 331. Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01—Continued [In thousands of current dollars] Institutions of higher education

State or jurisdiction 1 Other jurisdictions American Samoa ............. Federated States of Micronesia ................. Guam............................... Marshall Islands............... Northern Marianas .......... Palau................................ Puerto Rico...................... Trust Territory of the Pacific ........................ Virgin Islands ...................

Degree-granting institutions Percent change, 1995–96 to 2000–01

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991

1999–2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

242,380

451,734

557,655

750,676

831,925

980,682

592,674

1,032,987

1,060,191

1,163,881

39.9

1,305

2,413

3,939

4,817

13,880

5,723

5,475

4,822

5,572

6,156

-55.6

— 14,291 — — — 213,012

— 31,139 — 1,350 — 392,194

2,063 61,667 — 1,458 4,100 428,768

6,517 71,873 1,633 12,174 4,083 615,912

8,496 65,710 1,685 15,792 3,900 686,792

8,467 66,521 2,080 15,902 3,660 841,912

7,980 73,305 2,380 16,651 4,289 448,826

7,798 63,448 2,712 14,549 4,604 893,734

8,480 69,477 2,940 14,317 4,918 913,465

11,575 71,696 2,904 16,344 5,283 1,000,293

36.3 9.1 72.4 3.5 35.4 45.6

1,669 12,103

5,681 18,957

— 55,659

— 33,668

— 35,669

— 36,417

— 33,768

— 41,319

— 41,023

— 49,629

— 39.1

—Not available. 1Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. Degree-granting institutions include 4- and 2-year degree-granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

2000–01

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education,” 1980–81 and 1985–86 surveys; and 1990–91 through 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY99–00), and Spring 2001 and Spring 2002. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 537 Revenue _

Table 332. Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and state or jurisdiction: 2000–01 [In thousands of current dollars]

State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Tuition and fees

Federal appropriations, grants, and contracts1

State appropriations, grants, and contracts

Local appropriations, grants, and contracts

Private gifts, grants, and contracts

Endowment income

Auxiliary enterprises

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

United States .............

$176,645,215

$31,919,611

$19,744,966

$62,895,892

$7,052,431

$8,948,322

$1,351,989

$16,501,834

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

3,709,414 435,386 2,778,908 1,715,807 24,474,062

615,772 50,478 594,749 258,624 2,568,114

474,922 77,995 376,985 127,560 2,436,722

1,039,614 196,925 947,103 654,082 9,123,454

9,969 13,397 328,256 10,241 2,505,533

143,780 37,663 151,509 57,583 1,087,458

29,975 6,059 10,058 6,465 141,935

259,469 31,634 220,158 134,245 1,577,907

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

2,776,763 1,632,739 660,198 92,583 5,570,712

698,184 314,682 190,415 21,529 1,018,764

584,386 105,028 75,231 8,394 564,341

736,068 704,458 208,776 3,019 2,917,095

41,945 98 13,026 54,779 5,447

166,284 41,149 54,274 1,015 287,307

13,596 2,173 26,821 1,534 0

313,189 119,002 71,481 2,312 510,964

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

4,167,294 813,419 699,339 5,969,132 4,055,801

679,283 114,541 148,497 1,070,888 975,645

351,972 191,836 63,362 585,507 296,770

2,290,044 405,084 316,256 2,117,163 1,365,142

30,950 1,145 11,345 532,024 6,348

290,848 19,094 32,961 208,395 246,125

5,089 2,686 14,083 8,308 17,219

318,531 64,283 66,900 586,576 828,506

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

2,897,369 1,853,866 2,756,724 3,266,570 559,145

432,373 345,860 439,564 474,935 128,995

350,062 193,434 204,748 204,653 45,747

850,348 711,171 1,097,541 1,002,374 244,711

40,544 162,498 17,025 5,941 0

105,725 63,170 204,606 126,018 27,387

6,698 60,364 22,804 7,826 5,363

316,281 169,777 173,321 251,167 64,832

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

3,259,523 2,404,860 8,256,504 3,124,953 2,210,394

787,277 531,971 1,798,474 661,812 303,959

382,964 240,339 792,128 357,208 276,538

1,146,164 1,151,171 2,095,025 1,311,487 837,941

187,483 4,718 303,122 5,163 41,231

158,398 84,545 487,577 269,037 73,898

18,517 2,146 100,463 17,011 4,531

370,200 201,231 1,327,365 331,911 185,518

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

2,974,722 568,998 1,290,550 759,787 534,852

634,897 131,098 204,030 137,795 205,270

182,651 123,219 112,658 75,985 64,617

1,052,813 155,255 529,496 365,515 105,940

104,073 5,142 23,370 13,446 2,422

130,355 31,819 113,205 33,523 25,966

26,072 622 4,400 4,448 9,574

266,972 73,026 158,496 74,379 100,036

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

4,334,592 1,784,784 13,504,184 5,195,781 557,321

968,419 152,928 2,615,433 647,400 114,732

271,028 328,818 1,251,970 577,891 88,768

1,471,127 609,629 5,099,465 2,429,726 193,249

185,501 69,044 541,868 123,442 868

182,305 87,113 563,630 318,137 29,939

19,857 16,766 51,344 21,960 4,761

344,390 97,030 1,042,897 881,698 67,054

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

6,620,183 2,126,967 2,833,217 6,757,041 449,867

1,753,661 291,533 442,098 1,871,270 134,506

467,056 493,321 370,106 707,611 55,667

2,089,459 864,887 706,854 1,516,341 167,616

114,193 28,779 118,533 101,878 0

352,731 88,685 244,065 288,786 9,484

65,096 15,162 4,762 113,531 0

657,798 268,935 268,301 530,816 59,987

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

2,259,668 387,236 2,549,485 13,331,866 2,087,996

497,645 99,752 528,240 2,063,477 270,074

260,339 61,207 321,448 1,491,364 253,607

944,679 138,422 1,053,497 4,570,690 562,324

40,653 1,048 16,967 743,079 3,476

108,518 20,788 157,919 742,680 129,683

3,588 198 29,280 297,697 19,071

260,718 36,258 199,985 743,169 148,343

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

436,519 4,500,773 4,245,093 938,163 3,879,996 370,340

179,640 887,737 755,608 226,998 823,640 55,630

56,652 433,022 649,322 94,625 490,484 46,858

63,019 1,513,189 1,416,751 428,611 1,217,320 157,804

0 16,978 45,284 1,895 394,976 23,291

38,919 262,703 219,441 29,789 285,543 20,879

8,110 57,782 25,027 105 17,715 2,839

45,785 653,640 489,146 112,680 316,137 42,295

U.S. Service Schools ..........

1,223,770

714

1,045,838

0

0

5,910

500

65,100

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

538 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Revenue

Table 332. Current-fund revenue of public degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and state or jurisdiction: 2000–01—Continued [In thousands of current dollars]

Total

Tuition and fees

Federal appropriations, grants, and contracts1

State appropriations, grants, and contracts

Local appropriations, grants, and contracts

Private gifts, grants, and contracts

Endowment income

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Other jurisdictions ....

1,163,881

100,053

193,824

753,061

24,667

15,771

7,407

13,227

American Samoa ................ Federated States of Micronesia .................... Guam.................................. Marshall Islands.................. Northern Marianas ............. Palau................................... Puerto Rico......................... Virgin Islands ......................

6,156

327

2,282

0

3,224

0

293

31

11,575 71,696 2,904 16,344 5,283 1,000,293 49,629

3,325 12,420 50 2,788 1,062 73,501 6,581

3,178 9,348 780 4,344 1,004 157,910 14,978

319 30,317 204 9,055 2,345 688,985 21,835

3,704 13,251 0 0 0 4,489 0

163 1,448 0 0 192 11,578 2,390

0 0 186 157 96 6,425 250

791 2,418 38 0 584 6,358 3,007

State or jurisdiction 1

1Includes

independent operations (federally funded research and development centers). NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

Auxiliary enterprises

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2002. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 539 Revenue _

Table 333. Appropriations from state and local governments for public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2000–01 [In thousands of current dollars] State appropriations

Local appropriations

1990–911

1995–96

1997–98

1998–992

1999–2000

2000–01

1990–911

1995–96

1997–98

1998–992

1999–2000

2000–01

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

United States ............. $35,898,653 $40,081,437 $44,737,656 $47,369,188 $50,818,832 $56,268,990

$3,159,789

$4,397,098

$4,594,289

$4,792,860

$5,217,976

$5,582,287

State or jurisdiction 1

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

708,191 168,395 591,656 315,372 5,313,052

879,680 171,580 691,335 437,257 4,811,297

899,050 167,541 779,379 484,080 5,548,258

937,644 169,604 829,499 533,744 6,242,598

999,252 178,353 869,878 581,735 6,753,849

991,302 190,650 903,196 583,794 7,891,669

6,796 260 149,337 216 771,160

4,736 693 217,426 2,524 1,353,630

4,024 690 250,306 3,963 1,375,408

4,190 706 267,270 6,055 1,421,936

4,632 10,581 288,758 7,214 1,631,164

4,829 10,340 310,762 9,496 1,764,717

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

423,710 363,427 115,729 0 1,638,218

497,663 462,183 107,968 0 1,898,618

556,385 512,539 131,526 0 2,192,476

572,734 566,044 139,855 0 2,373,018

621,766 672,824 173,819 0 2,497,632

655,037 664,356 193,695 3,019 2,656,376

22,400 0 0 73,495 1,850

28,786 0 12,379 68,257 116

29,365 0 0 42,171 66

30,694 0 0 51,922 78

26,794 0 0 43,259 0

36,840 0 0 46,933 2

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

915,303 304,131 177,918 1,296,895 886,124

1,254,216 280,503 223,108 1,161,833 977,517

1,451,721 272,293 241,569 1,455,336 1,083,036

1,544,106 292,915 263,430 1,536,660 1,132,536

1,710,769 279,745 275,415 1,659,027 1,212,921

1,826,961 395,884 290,746 1,760,300 1,257,919

25,705 0 6,161 284,635 1,507

17,371 0 10,435 418,269 2,831

17,746 0 9,796 466,516 4,073

18,072 0 10,104 489,435 5,344

19,594 0 10,615 494,611 6,420

21,615 0 11,148 520,136 6,190

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

544,945 437,413 617,915 566,798 174,737

649,901 528,243 690,328 603,825 158,044

717,651 578,888 778,807 750,708 169,500

749,541 603,720 860,684 675,189 169,999

787,783 634,217 891,949 812,042 200,638

813,805 664,201 939,047 834,643 212,144

21,624 87,026 4,682 1,462 0

29,098 117,684 6,041 8,061 27

33,720 124,999 6,420 916 0

32,886 133,068 6,715 665 0

34,393 152,910 7,176 478 0

36,129 160,873 14,930 517 0

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

724,223 471,368 1,326,884 744,381 365,574

717,377 669,102 1,572,241 901,114 570,035

769,702 811,629 1,712,281 1,004,336 627,194

795,026 842,096 1,773,141 1,115,387 678,489

893,175 910,366 1,872,214 1,121,315 794,196

999,723 1,038,998 1,991,098 1,174,797 758,242

117,913 0 159,202 2,040 25,670

136,661 1,779 215,733 0 31,725

151,989 3,065 259,868 0 33,993

149,389 0 262,325 0 36,507

174,854 0 275,186 0 37,844

185,034 0 288,112 0 38,167

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

563,430 110,199 318,482 161,581 71,226

669,832 121,730 382,465 223,413 79,376

762,681 124,758 405,719 293,252 84,130

837,674 128,212 435,782 292,534 87,617

887,533 129,663 487,148 311,649 92,403

945,746 137,341 514,235 333,117 96,157

38,097 3,310 36,569 0 6

72,895 3,526 53,004 0 0

80,912 3,450 55,061 0 0

86,426 3,575 49,650 0 34

92,705 3,868 24,949 0 140

101,562 4,069 19,892 0 0

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

854,989 307,083 2,313,128 1,351,111 129,986

1,045,117 413,344 2,202,186 1,686,718 138,785

1,076,778 449,482 2,356,105 1,952,507 159,881

1,107,934 481,846 2,412,608 2,134,939 174,718

1,180,754 524,859 2,582,286 2,095,190 166,945

1,246,554 538,822 4,461,671 2,221,600 188,047

145,010 34,364 372,650 62,785 9

156,011 42,363 405,160 79,490 170

158,671 48,686 381,482 92,266 11

162,653 50,825 383,239 100,269 11

165,640 57,282 422,712 106,933 21

172,667 60,183 431,415 113,448 21

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

1,360,141 473,898 377,476 962,121 113,614

1,488,806 536,307 442,603 1,110,896 121,153

1,667,148 619,564 526,937 1,154,626 139,110

1,722,521 683,632 515,025 1,197,515 150,980

1,829,799 701,735 591,047 1,251,589 150,114

1,922,571 754,540 640,347 1,331,544 157,137

63,899 12,822 118,499 62,794 0

120,161 18,578 82,282 78,912 0

92,137 19,347 90,198 87,771 0

98,444 9,850 94,803 88,850 0

104,247 21,942 101,786 97,904 0

101,647 28,367 106,436 94,338 0

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

578,794 81,859 663,536 2,627,916 304,738

647,111 105,090 850,110 3,302,958 414,407

722,035 113,498 865,839 3,586,555 457,278

761,377 118,172 908,709 3,651,446 478,810

833,464 128,989 920,988 4,025,328 499,301

853,139 129,680 969,316 4,236,852 531,975

18,670 0 1,779 210,934 0

25,737 957 2,113 280,141 0

28,537 823 2,243 306,296 0

31,194 557 3,074 354,555 0

32,693 0 3,758 383,443 507

36,060 0 3,824 439,342 0

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

40,997 886,208 828,700 263,269 841,192 120,623

42,400 839,587 914,200 320,198 937,513 130,162

44,047 1,006,884 1,008,066 319,436 1,013,288 132,169

45,669 1,109,222 1,014,855 354,480 1,029,693 135,561

50,478 1,281,545 1,110,049 359,956 1,084,212 136,925

53,605 1,395,308 1,200,392 382,269 1,186,415 149,009

4 973 2,470 574 197,712 12,721

62 1,282 100 693 275,712 13,489

21 4,160 0 645 306,781 15,698

29 1,489 1,556 605 327,201 16,607

0 1,492 0 603 349,917 18,955

0 1,570 0 503 379,648 20,525

U.S. Service Schools ..........

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

540 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Revenue

Table 333. Appropriations from state and local governments for public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990–91 through 2000–01—Continued [In thousands of current dollars] State appropriations 1990–911

1995–96

2 Other jurisdictions ....

American Samoa ................ Federated States of Micronesia .................... Guam.................................. Marshall Islands.................. Northern Marianas ............. Palau................................... Puerto Rico......................... Virgin Islands ......................

State or jurisdiction 1

1Data

Local appropriations

1997–98

1998–992

2000–01

1990–911

1999–2000

1995–96

1997–98

1998–992

3

4

5

1999–2000

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

337,393

551,957

196,738

13

617,191

641,333

709,473

12,724

22,579

14,732

11,038

21,244

20,612

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

9,443

2,302

2,300

2,800

0

0 28,283 0 0 644 277,295 31,170

11 29,975 324 8,164 2,040 493,833 17,610

63 32,506 461 8,307 2,460 136,069 16,873

102 29,020 461 8,001 2,498 556,943 20,167

0 29,163 461 7,958 2,345 581,107 20,299

40 29,122 1,924 9,055 2,345 647,623 19,365

0 10,028 0 0 0 2,375 320

2,978 10,118 0 0 0 40 0

2,167 10,168 0 0 0 95 0

2,496 997 0 0 0 5,245 0

2,637 10,495 0 0 0 5,312 0

3,327 12,826 0 0 0 4,459 0

are for institutions of higher education, which are institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. 2Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

2000–01

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1990–91 through 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY91–99), Spring 2001 and Spring 2002. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 541 Revenue _

Table 334. Total revenue of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 1996–97 through 2002–03

Year and type of institution 1

Total revenue and investment return 2

Federal State Local Student appropriations, appropriations, appropriations, tutition grants, and grants, and grants, and and fees contracts1 contracts contracts 3

4

5

6

Private gifts, grants, and contracts2

Investment return

Educational activities

Auxiliary enterprises

Hospitals

Other

7

8

9

10

11

12

In thousands of current dollars All institutions 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03...........................

$91,319,861 95,240,891 95,680,731 120,625,806 82,174,492 84,346,652 105,683,294

$25,375,721 26,499,174 28,044,077 29,651,812 31,318,106 33,499,121 36,024,148

( 3) $11,156,948 11,622,152 12,191,827 13,378,019 14,790,235 16,633,951

$930,976 953,624 1,044,815 1,117,742 1,176,060 1,303,772 1,518,494

$510,189 520,115 545,600 580,237 508,365 493,158 476,147

$11,239,080 13,245,613 14,253,692 16,488,984 15,859,313 15,394,353 14,374,926

$22,378,196 22,311,899 18,735,718 37,763,518 -3,602,326 -6,545,330 9,340,251

$2,179,010 2,656,621 2,703,488 2,865,606 3,468,680 3,220,868 3,056,259

$7,213,906 7,655,732 8,028,235 8,317,607 8,742,610 9,317,922 9,833,972

(3) $6,278,828 6,784,998 7,208,600 7,126,343 8,083,935 8,942,047

$21,492,785 3,962,337 3,917,956 4,439,874 4,199,323 4,788,618 5,483,099

4-year 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03...........................

90,478,094 94,529,717 94,812,541 119,708,625 81,568,928 83,764,907 105,074,698

25,006,562 26,158,716 27,695,568 29,257,523 30,996,381 33,165,965 35,681,617

(3) 11,109,406 11,572,739 12,133,829 13,318,572 14,708,582 16,524,734

909,041 938,004 1,026,270 1,098,961 1,156,503 1,280,787 1,492,010

509,210 519,025 543,561 574,746 503,002 490,596 471,383

11,113,821 13,120,588 14,044,604 16,346,616 15,788,869 15,328,974 14,314,197

22,303,001 22,244,963 18,705,741 37,698,219 -3,623,323 -6,547,915 9,338,535

2,165,166 2,641,456 2,684,664 2,837,784 3,452,731 3,206,440 3,041,307

7,139,963 7,584,913 7,965,778 8,261,507 8,703,316 9,263,171 9,779,275

(3) 6,278,278 6,784,463 7,208,600 7,125,648 8,083,935 8,942,047

21,331,329 3,934,367 3,789,154 4,290,841 4,147,227 4,784,371 5,489,594

2-year 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03...........................

841,767 711,175 868,190 917,181 605,564 581,745 608,596

369,159 340,459 348,508 394,289 321,724 333,156 342,531

( 3) 47,541 49,414 57,998 59,446 81,653 109,217

21,934 15,620 18,545 18,781 19,557 22,985 26,483

978 1,090 2,039 5,491 5,363 2,562 4,764

125,259 125,024 209,088 142,368 70,444 65,379 60,729

75,195 66,937 29,977 65,299 20,996 2,585 1,716

13,844 15,165 18,824 27,822 15,949 14,429 14,953

73,942 70,818 62,457 56,100 39,294 54,750 54,697

(3) 550 535 0 694 0 0

161,456 27,970 128,803 149,033 52,096 4,246 -6,495

Percentage distribution All institutions 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03...........................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

27.79 27.82 29.31 24.58 38.11 39.72 34.09

( 3) 11.71 12.15 10.11 16.28 17.54 15.74

1.02 1.00 1.09 0.93 1.43 1.55 1.44

0.56 0.55 0.57 0.48 0.62 0.58 0.45

12.31 13.91 14.90 13.67 19.30 18.25 13.60

24.51 23.43 19.58 31.31 -4.38 -7.76 8.84

2.39 2.79 2.83 2.38 4.22 3.82 2.89

7.90 8.04 8.39 6.90 10.64 11.05 9.31

(3 ) 6.59 7.09 5.98 8.67 9.58 8.46

23.54 4.16 4.09 3.68 5.11 5.68 5.19

4-year 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03...........................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

27.64 27.67 29.21 24.44 38.00 39.59 33.96

( 3) 11.75 12.21 10.14 16.33 17.56 15.73

1.00 0.99 1.08 0.92 1.42 1.53 1.42

0.56 0.55 0.57 0.48 0.62 0.59 0.45

12.28 13.88 14.81 13.66 19.36 18.30 13.62

24.65 23.53 19.73 31.49 -4.44 -7.82 8.89

2.39 2.79 2.83 2.37 4.23 3.83 2.89

7.89 8.02 8.40 6.90 10.67 11.06 9.31

(3 ) 6.64 7.16 6.02 8.74 9.65 8.51

23.58 4.16 4.00 3.58 5.08 5.71 5.22

2-year 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03...........................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

43.86 47.87 40.14 42.99 53.13 57.27 56.28

( 3) 6.68 5.69 6.32 9.82 14.04 17.95

2.61 2.20 2.14 2.05 3.23 3.95 4.35

0.12 0.15 0.23 0.60 0.89 0.44 0.78

14.88 17.58 24.08 15.52 11.63 11.24 9.98

8.93 9.41 3.45 7.12 3.47 0.44 0.28

1.64 2.13 2.17 3.03 2.63 2.48 2.46

8.78 9.96 7.19 6.12 6.49 9.41 8.99

(3 ) 0.08 0.06 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00

19.18 3.93 14.84 16.25 8.60 0.73 -1.07

$3,600 3,701 3,752 3,710 3,697 3,788 3,786

(3) $3,036 3,171 3,215 3,013 3,287 3,442

$10,725 1,916 1,831 1,980 1,776 1,947 2,111

Revenue per full-time-equivalent student in constant 2004–05 dollars5 All institutions 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03...........................

$45,567 46,046 44,712 53,797 34,746 34,291 40,683

$12,662 12,812 13,105 13,224 13,242 13,619 13,868

( 3) $5,394 5,431 5,437 5,657 6,013 6,403

$465 461 488 498 497 530 585

$255 251 255 259 215 200 183

$5,608 6,404 6,661 7,354 6,706 6,259 5,534

$11,166 10,787 8,755 16,842 -1,523 -2,661 3,596

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

$1,087 1,284 1,263 1,278 1,467 1,309 1,177

542 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Revenue

Table 334. Total revenue of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 1996–97 through 2002–03—Continued

Year and type of institution 1

Total revenue and investment return

Federal State Local Student appropriations, appropriations, appropriations, tutition grants, and grants, and grants, and and fees contracts1 contracts contracts

Private gifts, grants, and contracts2

Investment return

Educational activities

Auxiliary enterprises

Hospitals

Other

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

4-year 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03...........................

46,374 46,883 45,340 54,532 35,028 34,563 40,993

12,817 12,974 13,244 13,328 13,311 13,685 13,920

( 3) 5,510 5,534 5,527 5,719 6,069 6,447

466 465 491 501 497 528 582

261 257 260 262 216 202 184

5,696 6,507 6,716 7,447 6,780 6,325 5,584

11,431 11,033 8,945 17,173 -1,556 -2,702 3,643

1,110 1,310 1,284 1,293 1,483 1,323 1,186

3,660 3,762 3,809 3,763 3,737 3,822 3,815

(3 ) 3,114 3,244 3,284 3,060 3,336 3,489

10,933 1,951 1,812 1,955 1,781 1,974 2,142

2-year 1996–97........................... 1997–98........................... 1998–994 ......................... 1999–2000....................... 2000–01........................... 2001–02........................... 2002–03...........................

15,878 13,647 17,796 19,498 16,656 16,067 17,667

6,963 6,533 7,144 8,382 8,849 9,201 9,943

(3 ) 912 1,013 1,233 1,635 2,255 3,170

414 300 380 399 538 635 769

18 21 42 117 148 71 138

2,363 2,399 4,286 3,027 1,938 1,806 1,763

1,418 1,284 614 1,388 578 71 50

261 291 386 591 439 399 434

1,395 1,359 1,280 1,193 1,081 1,512 1,588

(3 ) 11 11 0 19 0 0

3,045 537 2,640 3,168 1,433 117 -189

1 Includes independent operations. 2 Includes contributions from affiliated entities. 3Included under “Other.” 4 Data imputed using alternative procedures. (See 5

Guide to Sources for details.) Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1996–97 through 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:96–99) and “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY97–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 543 Revenue

Table 335. Total revenue of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 2002–03

Type of institution 1

Total revenue and investment return 2

Federal State Local Student appropriations, appropriations, appropriations, tuition grants, and grants, and grants, and and fees contracts1 contracts contracts 3

4

5

6

Private gifts grants, and contracts2

Investment return (gain or loss)

Educational activities

Auxiliary enterprises

Hospitals

Other

7

8

9

10

11

12

In thousands Total......................... $105,683,294 4-year............................... Doctoral, extensive3 ..... Doctoral, intensive4 ...... Master’s5 ...................... Baccalaureate6 ............ Specialized institutions7 Art, music, or design Business and management ...... Engineering or technology.......... Medical or other health ................. Theological............... Tribal8 ....................... Other specialized ..... 2-year............................... Associate’s of arts........ Tribal8 ...........................

$36,024,148

$16,633,951

$1,518,494

$476,147

$14,374,926

$9,340,251

$3,056,259

$9,833,972

$8,942,047

$5,483,099

105,074,698 53,362,293 7,537,659 16,542,984 14,733,636 12,898,126 1,345,498

35,681,617 10,377,129 4,012,310 10,424,546 7,052,868 3,814,765 804,458

16,524,734 12,854,858 601,986 861,190 622,073 1,584,626 36,604

1,492,010 606,817 149,720 289,545 205,562 240,367 26,305

471,383 260,695 24,737 6,312 7,551 172,088 1,668

14,314,197 7,028,493 853,648 1,773,701 2,843,757 1,814,598 174,376

9,338,535 7,497,907 270,083 307,345 968,619 294,582 40,416

3,041,307 1,873,223 552,107 114,037 115,149 386,791 17,858

9,779,275 3,542,844 791,409 2,246,028 2,580,053 618,941 106,352

8,942,047 7,441,972 0 115,510 0 1,384,564 0

5,489,594 1,878,355 281,660 404,772 338,003 2,586,804 137,461

737,806

571,661

9,443

15,093

598

35,445

17,550

3,466

76,076

0

8,474

359,044

164,554

30,760

24,686

30

74,845

29,332

330

33,462

0

1,044

7,047,367 1,402,075 32,309 1,974,026 608,596 552,419 56,177

977,897 416,792 3,323 876,079 342,531 338,188 4,344

1,366,065 68,684 19,909 53,162 109,217 71,363 37,854

149,460 5,615 416 18,791 26,483 25,316 1,167

165,114 324 43 4,311 4,764 299 4,465

747,915 581,067 3,432 197,517 60,729 56,840 3,890

102,442 88,508 13 16,322 1,716 1,518 198

323,790 14,960 158 26,228 14,953 14,543 409

134,609 171,305 1,350 95,787 54,697 53,654 1,043

1,384,215 0 0 350 0 0 0

1,695,860 54,819 3,666 685,480 -6,495 -9,302 2,808

Percentage distribution Total.........................

100.00

34.09

15.74

1.44

0.45

13.60

8.84

2.89

9.31

8.46

5.19

4-year............................... Doctoral, extensive3 ..... Doctoral, intensive4 ...... Master’s5 ...................... Baccalaureate6 ............ Specialized institutions7 Art, music, or design Business and management ...... Engineering or technology.......... Medical or other health ................. Theological............... Tribal8 ....................... Other specialized ..... 2-year............................... Associate’s of arts........ Tribal8 ...........................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

33.96 19.45 53.23 63.01 47.87 29.58 59.79

15.73 24.09 7.99 5.21 4.22 12.29 2.72

1.42 1.14 1.99 1.75 1.40 1.86 1.96

0.45 0.49 0.33 0.04 0.05 1.33 0.12

13.62 13.17 11.33 10.72 19.30 14.07 12.96

8.89 14.05 3.58 1.86 6.57 2.28 3.00

2.89 3.51 7.32 0.69 0.78 3.00 1.33

9.31 6.64 10.50 13.58 17.51 4.80 7.90

8.51 13.95 0.00 0.70 0.00 10.73 0.00

5.22 3.52 3.74 2.45 2.29 20.06 10.22

100.00

77.48

1.28

2.05

0.08

4.80

2.38

0.47

10.31

0.00

1.15

100.00

45.83

8.57

6.88

0.01

20.85

8.17

0.09

9.32

0.00

0.29

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

13.88 29.73 10.28 44.38 56.28 61.22 7.73

19.38 4.90 61.62 2.69 17.95 12.92 67.38

2.12 0.40 1.29 0.95 4.35 4.58 2.08

2.34 0.02 0.13 0.22 0.78 0.05 7.95

10.61 41.44 10.62 10.01 9.98 10.29 6.92

1.45 6.31 0.04 0.83 0.28 0.27 0.35

4.59 1.07 0.49 1.33 2.46 2.63 0.73

1.91 12.22 4.18 4.85 8.99 9.71 1.86

19.64 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

24.06 3.91 11.35 34.72 -1.07 -1.68 5.00

Total.........................

$38,649

$13,174

$6,083

$555

$174

$5,257

$3,416

$1,118

$3,596

$3,270

$2,005

4-year............................... Doctoral, extensive3 ..... Doctoral, intensive4 ...... Master’s5 ...................... Baccalaureate6 ............ Specialized institutions7 Art, music, or design Business and management ...... Engineering or technology.......... Medical or other health ................. Theological............... Tribal8 ....................... Other specialized ..... 2-year............................... Associate’s of arts........ Tribal8 ...........................

38,943 90,546 28,814 18,572 23,029 40,727 29,745

13,224 17,608 15,338 11,703 11,024 12,046 17,784

6,124 21,812 2,301 967 972 5,004 809

553 1,030 572 325 321 759 582

175 442 95 7 12 543 37

5,305 11,926 3,263 1,991 4,445 5,730 3,855

3,461 12,723 1,032 345 1,514 930 893

1,127 3,179 2,111 128 180 1,221 395

3,624 6,012 3,025 2,522 4,033 1,954 2,351

3,314 12,628 0 130 0 4,372 0

2,035 3,187 1,077 454 528 8,168 3,039

15,620

12,102

200

320

13

750

372

73

1,611

0

179

22,077

10,118

1,891

1,518

2

4,602

1,804

20

2,058

0

64

122,327 19,504 21,875 25,641 16,784 15,939 35,067

16,974 5,798 2,250 11,380 9,446 9,758 2,711

23,712 955 13,479 691 3,012 2,059 23,629

2,594 78 282 244 730 730 729

2,866 5 29 56 131 9 2,787

12,982 8,083 2,324 2,566 1,675 1,640 2,428

1,778 1,231 8 212 47 44 124

5,620 208 107 341 412 420 255

2,337 2,383 914 1,244 1,508 1,548 651

24,027 0 0 5 0 0 0

29,436 763 2,482 8,904 -179 -268 1,753

Revenue per full-time-equivalent student

1 Includes 2Includes 3

independent operations. contributions from affiliated entities. Doctoral, extensive institutions are committed to graduate education through the doctorate, and award 50 or more doctor’s degrees per year across at least 15 disciplines. 4Doctoral, intensive institutions are committed to education through the doctorate, and award at least 10 doctor’s degrees per year across 3 or more disciplines or at least 20 doctor’s degrees overall. 5Master’s institutions offer a full range of baccalaureate programs and are committed to education through the master’s degree. They award at least 20 master’s degrees per year. 6 Baccalaureate institutions primarily emphasize undergraduate education. 7Specialized 4-year institutions award degrees primarily in single fields of study, such as medicine, business, fine arts, theology, and engineering. Includes some institutions that have

4-year programs, but have not reported sufficient data to identify program category. Also includes institutions classified as 4-year under the IPEDS system, which had been classified as 2-year in the Carnegie system because they primarily award associate’s degrees. 8Tribally controlled colleges are located on reservations and are members of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2003 and Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

544 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Revenue

Table 336. Total revenue of private for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 1997–98 through 2002–03

Year and type of institution 1

Total revenue and investment return

Student tuition and fees

Federal appropriations, grants, and contracts

State and local appropriations, grants, and contracts

Private gifts, grants, and contracts

Investment return

Educational activities

Auxiliary enterprises

Other

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

In thousands of current dollars All institutions 1997–98........................................... 1998–991 ......................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03...........................................

$2,790,362 3,791,729 4,321,985 4,967,700 6,181,906 7,499,808

$2,320,594 3,185,304 3,721,032 4,340,478 5,423,949 6,715,662

$200,454 263,665 198,923 187,353 211,372 282,521

$55,647 60,991 71,904 87,348 47,486 50,265

$3,691 3,741 2,151 2,848 5,690 5,545

$11,334 14,275 18,537 19,737 17,127 15,035

$32,063 34,956 70,672 63,392 73,085 92,380

$87,502 139,533 156,613 172,987 216,284 250,964

$79,077 89,264 82,153 93,557 186,914 87,436

4-year 1997–98........................................... 1998–991 ......................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03...........................................

1,371,764 1,874,874 2,381,042 2,952,254 3,775,017 4,756,640

1,192,755 1,603,889 2,050,136 2,583,644 3,382,888 4,356,876

66,825 99,215 103,865 81,879 64,761 108,806

16,356 27,565 39,460 59,922 13,137 9,757

719 1,264 1,109 1,659 2,809 3,064

7,569 7,441 10,340 12,574 10,691 5,875

15,926 16,355 33,764 40,081 46,676 58,281

44,496 84,749 102,103 106,327 132,401 173,280

27,118 34,398 40,266 66,168 121,655 40,703

2-year 1997–98........................................... 1998–991 ......................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03...........................................

1,418,598 1,916,855 1,940,943 2,015,446 2,406,889 2,743,168

1,127,839 1,581,415 1,670,896 1,756,833 2,041,061 2,358,786

133,629 164,450 95,058 105,474 146,611 173,715

39,291 2,972 33,426 2,478 32,444 1,042 27,426 1,189 34,349 2,881 40,508 2,482 Percentage distribution

3,765 6,834 8,197 7,163 6,436 9,160

16,137 18,601 36,908 23,311 26,409 34,099

43,006 54,784 54,510 66,660 83,883 77,685

51,959 54,867 41,888 27,389 65,259 46,733

All institutions 1997–98........................................... 1998–991 ......................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03...........................................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

83.16 84.01 86.10 87.37 87.74 89.54

7.18 6.95 4.60 3.77 3.42 3.77

1.99 1.61 1.66 1.76 0.77 0.67

0.13 0.10 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.07

0.41 0.38 0.43 0.40 0.28 0.20

1.15 0.92 1.64 1.28 1.18 1.23

3.14 3.68 3.62 3.48 3.50 3.35

2.83 2.35 1.90 1.88 3.02 1.17

4-year 1997–98........................................... 1998–991 ......................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03...........................................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

86.95 85.55 86.10 87.51 89.61 91.60

4.87 5.29 4.36 2.77 1.72 2.29

1.19 1.47 1.66 2.03 0.35 0.21

0.05 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.06

0.55 0.40 0.43 0.43 0.28 0.12

1.16 0.87 1.42 1.36 1.24 1.23

3.24 4.52 4.29 3.60 3.51 3.64

1.98 1.83 1.69 2.24 3.22 0.86

2-year 1997–98........................................... 1998–991 ......................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03...........................................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

79.50 82.50 86.09 87.17 84.80 85.99

1.14 0.97 1.90 1.16 1.10 1.24

3.03 2.86 2.81 3.31 3.49 2.83

3.66 2.86 2.16 1.36 2.71 1.70

All institutions 1997–98........................................... 1998–991 ......................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03...........................................

$11,253 13,566 12,724 11,913 14,567 14,601

$9,359 11,396 10,955 10,409 12,781 13,075

$808 943 586 449 498 550

$224 218 212 209 112 98

$15 13 6 7 13 11

$46 51 55 47 40 29

$129 125 208 152 172 180

$353 499 461 415 510 489

$319 319 242 224 440 170

12,014 13,418 12,914 14,173 14,688 14,484

10,447 11,479 11,120 12,403 13,163 13,267

585 710 563 393 252 331

143 197 214 288 51 30

6 9 6 8 11 9

66 53 56 60 42 18

139 117 183 192 182 177

390 607 554 510 515 528

238 246 218 318 473 124

10,604 13,714 12,498 13,387 14,381 14,809

8,430 11,314 10,759 11,669 12,196 12,734

999 1,177 612 701 876 938

294 239 209 182 205 219

22 18 7 8 17 13

28 49 53 48 38 49

121 133 238 155 158 184

321 392 351 443 501 419

388 393 270 182 390 252

4-year 1997–98........................................... 1998–991 ......................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03........................................... 2-year 1997–98........................................... 1998–991 ......................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01........................................... 2001–02........................................... 2002–03........................................... 1 Data 2

9.42 2.77 0.21 0.27 8.58 1.74 0.13 0.36 4.90 1.67 0.05 0.42 5.23 1.36 0.06 0.36 6.09 1.43 0.12 0.27 6.33 1.48 0.09 0.33 Revenue per full-time-equivalent student in constant 2004–05 dollars2

imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1997–98 through 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:97–99) and “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY98–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 545 Revenue _

Table 337. Total revenue of private for-profit degree-granting institutions, by source of funds and type of institution: 2001–02 and 2002–03

Year and type of institution 1

Total revenue and investment return

Student tuition and fees

Federal appropriations, grants, and contracts

2

3

4

State and local appropriations, grants, and contracts

Private gifts, grants, and contracts

Investment return

Educational activities

Auxiliary enterprises

Other

5

6

7

8

9

10

In thousands of current dollars 2001–02 Total.........................................

$6,181,906

$5,423,949

$211,372

$47,486

$5,690

$17,127

$73,085

$216,284

$186,914

4-year............................................... Doctoral, intensive1 ...................... Master’s2 ...................................... Baccalaureate3 ............................ Specialized institutions4 ............... Art, music, or design ................ Business and management ..... Engineering or technology ....... Medical or other health ............ Other specialized ..................... 2-year...............................................

3,775,017 29,072 1,039,050 380,403 2,326,493 540,406 157,424 572,413 28,412 1,027,839 2,406,889

3,382,888 27,842 998,399 348,194 2,008,452 480,845 147,401 548,364 20,481 811,361 2,041,061

64,761 0 487 2,482 61,793 9,874 892 2,209 254 48,563 146,611

13,137 0 0 2,006 11,131 778 0 237 0 10,116 34,349

2,809 0 0 188 2,620 4 0 268 0 2,349 2,881

10,691 577 1,821 2,229 6,064 2,262 155 2,536 55 1,056 6,436

46,676 0 6,304 722 39,650 5,552 790 3,432 4,316 25,560 26,409

132,401 0 7,288 20,772 104,342 33,007 3,522 12,916 409 54,486 83,883

121,655 653 24,751 3,810 92,441 8,083 4,663 2,450 2,897 74,348 65,259

2002–03 Total.........................................

$7,499,808

$6,715,662

$282,521

$50,265

$5,545

$15,035

$92,380

$250,964

$87,436

4-year............................................... Doctoral, intensive1 ...................... Master’s2 ...................................... Baccalaureate3 ............................ Specialized institutions4 ............... Art, music, or design ................ Business and management ..... Engineering or technology ....... Medical or other health ............ Other specialized ..................... 2-year...............................................

4,756,640 47,687 1,356,234 417,314 2,935,405 744,498 224,360 607,456 40,177 1,318,914 2,743,168

4,356,876 47,687 1,324,251 382,783 2,602,155 673,156 210,444 584,060 30,537 1,103,957 2,358,786

108,806 0 673 2,546 105,587 19,574 1,050 2,950 0 82,013 173,715

9,757 0 0 2,034 7,723 1,003 5 405 0 6,310 40,508

3,064 0 0 46 3,017 0 0 1,599 224 1,194 2,482

5,875 0 45 4,254 1,575 -766 -5 89 13 2,244 9,160

58,281 0 17,648 1,903 38,730 -133 2,317 2,808 4,014 29,724 34,099

173,280 0 9,817 21,581 141,881 50,469 4,057 15,457 918 70,981 77,685

40,703 0 3,800 2,166 34,737 1,195 6,492 88 4,471 22,491 46,733

Percentage distribution 2002–03 Total.........................................

100.00

89.54

3.77

0.67

0.07

0.20

1.23

3.35

1.17

4-year............................................... Doctoral, intensive1 ...................... Master’s2 ...................................... Baccalaureate3 ............................ Specialized institutions4 ............... Art, music, or design ................ Business and management ..... Engineering or technology ....... Medical or other health ............ Other specialized ..................... 2-year...............................................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

91.60 100.00 97.64 91.73 88.65 90.42 93.80 96.15 76.01 83.70 85.99

2.29 0.00 0.05 0.61 3.60 2.63 0.47 0.49 0.00 6.22 6.33

0.21 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.26 0.13 # 0.07 0.00 0.48 1.48

0.06 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.56 0.09 0.09

0.12 0.00 # 1.02 0.05 -0.10 # 0.01 0.03 0.17 0.33

1.23 0.00 1.30 0.46 1.32 -0.02 1.03 0.46 9.99 2.25 1.24

3.64 0.00 0.72 5.17 4.83 6.78 1.81 2.54 2.29 5.38 2.83

0.86 0.00 0.28 0.52 1.18 0.16 2.89 0.01 11.13 1.71 1.70

Revenue per full-time-equivalent student 2002–03 Total.........................................

$13,871

$12,421

$523

$93

$10

$28

$171

$464

$162

4-year............................................... Doctoral, intensive1 ...................... Master’s2 ...................................... Baccalaureate3 ............................ Specialized institutions4 ............... Art, music, or design ................ Business and management ..... Engineering or technology ....... Medical or other health ............ Other specialized ..................... 2-year...............................................

13,760 9,049 10,695 12,731 16,234 21,143 11,449 14,957 13,234 16,013 14,068

12,604 9,049 10,442 11,677 14,391 19,117 10,739 14,381 10,058 13,404 12,097

315 0 5 78 584 556 54 73 0 996 891

28 0 0 62 43 28 # 10 0 77 208

9 0 0 1 17 0 0 39 74 15 13

17 0 # 130 9 -22 # 2 4 27 47

169 0 139 58 214 -4 118 69 1,322 361 175

501 0 77 658 785 1,433 207 381 302 862 398

118 0 30 66 192 34 331 2 1,473 273 240

#Rounds to zero. 1 Doctoral, intensive institutions are committed to education through the doctorate and award at least 10 doctor’s degrees per year across 3 or more disciplines or at least 20 doctor’s degrees overall. 2 Master’s institutions offer a full range of baccalaureate programs and are committed to education through the master’s degree. They award at least 20 master’s degrees per year. 3 Baccalaureate institutions primarily emphasize undergraduate education. 4Specialized 4-year institutions award degrees primarily in single fields of study, such as medicine, business, fine arts, theology, and engineering. Includes some institutions

that have 4-year programs, but have not reported sufficient data to identify program category. Also includes institutions classified as 4-year under the IPEDS system, which had been classified as 2-year in the Carnegie system because they primarily award associate’s degrees. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2001–02 and 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2003 and Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

546 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Revenue _

Table 338. Current-fund revenue received from the federal government by the 120 degree-granting institutions receiving the largest amounts, by control and rank order: 2002–03

Institution 1

Control1

Revenue from the federal governRank ment2 (in order thousands)

2

3

United States (all institutions) ...................................

†

† $40,611,245

4

120 institutions receiving the largest amounts........

†

† 29,960,593

California Institute of Technology .......................................... Johns Hopkins University (MD) ............................................ Columbia U. in the City of New York ..................................... University of Chicago (IL) ..................................................... Stanford University (CA) .......................................................

2 2 2 2 2

1 1,679,531 2 1,330,954 3 784,704 4 781,893 5 750,877

Massachusetts Institute of Technology ................................. University of Washington, Seattle Campus........................... University of Michigan, Ann Arbor ........................................ University of Pennsylvania.................................................... University of California, Los Angeles ....................................

2 1 1 2 1

6 7 8 9 10

University of Southern California .......................................... University of California, San Diego ....................................... University of California, San Francisco ................................. U. of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center ............................. University of Pittsburgh, Main Campus (PA) .........................

2 1 1 1 1

Weill Cornell Medical College (NY) ...................................... University of Wisconsin, Madison ......................................... United States Air Force Academy (CO)................................ Harvard University (MA) ....................................................... Washington University in St. Louis (MO) ..............................

Institution

Control1

Revenue from the federal governRank ment2 (in order thousands)

1

2

3

4

Princeton University (NJ) .................................................... Georgetown University (DC) ............................................... U. of Mass., Medical School at Worcester........................... University of Tennessee ...................................................... University of New Mexico, Main Campus ............................

2 2 1 1 1

62 63 64 65 66

171,063 168,859 158,326 155,168 154,327

721,750 684,169 603,708 543,148 495,157

University of Kentucky ......................................................... Purdue University, Main Campus (IN) ................................. University of California, Irvine ............................................. Rutgers, the State U., Central Office (NJ) ........................... Yeshiva University (NY) .......................................................

1 1 1 1 2

67 68 69 70 71

153,071 149,107 146,663 145,603 138,703

11 12 13 14 15

451,788 442,005 430,768 424,718 422,036

University of Maryland, Baltimore ....................................... Iowa State University........................................................... University of Texas, Health Science Center ........................ University of Texas, Anderson Cancer Center..................... Colorado State University ...................................................

1 1 1 1 1

72 73 74 75 76

136,110 136,050 135,068 129,440 128,186

2 1 1 2 2

16 17 18 19 20

419,340 417,682 416,871 416,155 409,588

U. of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey ....................... University of Georgia........................................................... State University of New York at Stony Brook....................... Oregon State University ...................................................... University of South Florida ..................................................

1 1 1 1 1

77 78 79 80 81

122,654 122,073 121,177 121,150 121,092

University of Miami (FL)........................................................ New York University .............................................................. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ........................... United States Military Academy (NY) ................................... Yale University (CT) ..............................................................

2 2 1 1 2

21 22 23 24 25

398,813 393,983 392,159 369,196 365,716

Indiana U.-Purdue U., Indianapolis ..................................... Mississippi State University................................................. Utah State University .......................................................... Wake Forest University (NC)............................................... Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State U............................

1 1 1 2 1

82 83 84 85 86

120,424 115,608 115,414 114,951 114,401

Duke University (NC) ............................................................ University of Minnesota, Twin Cities ..................................... University of Alabama at Birmingham .................................. Baylor College of Medicine (TX) ........................................... Pennsylvania State University, Main Campus.......................

2 1 1 2 1

26 27 28 29 30

346,420 336,595 331,158 318,943 318,130

Mount Sinai School of Medicine (NY) ................................. Virginia Commonwealth University...................................... Dartmouth College (NH) ..................................................... Tulane University of Louisiana............................................. State University of New York at Buffalo ...............................

2 1 2 2 1

87 88 89 90 91

111,435 110,097 109,399 109,099 108,415

United States Naval Academy (MD) ..................................... Cornell University, Endowed Colleges (NY).......................... University of Arizona............................................................. University of Illinois at Urbana, Champaign.......................... University of California, Berkeley..........................................

1 2 1 1 1

31 32 33 34 35

305,944 300,327 297,180 293,625 283,974

Wayne State University (MI)................................................ Rockhurst University (MO) .................................................. University of California, Santa Barbara ............................... North Carolina State University at Raleigh ......................... Medical University of South Carolina ..................................

1 2 1 1 1

92 93 94 95 96

107,556 106,430 104,777 104,481 103,142

Emory University (GA).......................................................... Vanderbilt University (TN)..................................................... Texas A & M University ......................................................... Howard University (DC) ........................................................ University of Texas at Austin .................................................

2 2 1 2 1

36 37 38 39 40

265,558 261,730 256,648 255,470 254,803

Brown University (RI) .......................................................... University of Missouri, Columbia......................................... University of Texas, Health Science, San Antonio............... Florida State University ....................................................... New Mexico State University, Main Campus .......................

2 1 1 1 1

97 98 99 100 101

103,104 102,899 101,043 100,725 99,847

Oregon Health & Science University .................................... Ohio State University, Main Campus .................................... University of Virginia, Main Campus..................................... University of Illinois at Chicago............................................. University of Iowa .................................................................

1 1 1 1 1

41 42 43 44 45

250,813 250,506 242,366 237,592 235,362

University of Texas, Medical Branch.................................... Arizona State University, Main Campus .............................. George Washington University (DC) ................................... Thomas Jefferson University (PA) ....................................... Tufts University (MA) ...........................................................

1 1 2 2 2

102 103 104 105 106

95,733 95,188 94,720 94,287 88,956

Georgia Institute of Technology, Main Campus..................... University of Colorado at Boulder ......................................... University of Florida.............................................................. University of California, Davis............................................... Case Western Reserve University (OH) ...............................

1 1 1 1 2

46 47 48 49 50

223,163 222,498 217,255 217,220 215,717

Medical College of Wisconsin ............................................. Washington State University ............................................... University of South Carolina at Columbia ........................... University of Alaska, Fairbanks ........................................... University of Vermont and State Ag. College ......................

2 1 1 1 1

107 108 109 110 111

87,990 87,570 87,546 86,787 85,956

U. of Colorado, Health Sciences Center ............................... Northwestern University (IL) ................................................. University of Rochester (NY) ................................................ University of Maryland, College Park.................................... Boston University (MA) .........................................................

1 2 2 1 2

51 52 53 54 55

209,164 208,691 205,418 203,570 201,917

West Virginia University ...................................................... University of Nebraska at Lincoln........................................ Louisiana St. U. & A&M & Hebert Laws Cntr. ..................... University of Massachusetts, Amherst ................................ University of Delaware ........................................................

1 1 1 1 1

112 113 114 115 116

82,182 82,137 81,247 81,183 77,543

Michigan State University ..................................................... University of Hawaii at Manoa .............................................. University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Carnegie Mellon University (PA) ...........................................

1 1 1 2

56 57 58 59

181,825 181,820 181,354 174,213

Morehouse School of Medicine (GA) .................................. Gallaudet University (DC) ................................................... Kansas State University ...................................................... Temple University (PA) ........................................................

2 2 1 1

117 118 119 120

75,182 73,274 72,419 72,412

University of Utah ................................................................. University of Cincinnati, Main Campus (OH) ........................

1 1

60 61

173,985 173,481

†Not applicable. 1Publicly controlled institutions are identified by a “1,” and private, not-for-profit, by a “2.” 2Includes federal appropriations, unrestricted and restricted federal contracts and grants, and revenue for independent operations. Independent operations generally include only the revenues associated with major federally funded research and development centers. Excludes Pell Grants. Federally supported student aid that is received through students is

excluded. Data for public and private institutions are only roughly comparable because they were collected using different survey instruments. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 547 Expenditures _

u t i dn e p xE Table 339. Current-fund expenditures and current-fund expenditures per full-time-equivalent student in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2000–01 All institutions

4-year institutions

Current-fund expenditures, in millions

Control of institution and year 1

Unadjusted dollars

Constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current-fund expenditures per student, in constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current-fund expenditures, in millions

2-year institutions

Unadjusted dollars

Constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current-fund expenditures per student, in constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current-fund expenditures, in millions

Unadjusted dollars

Constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current-fund expenditures per student, in constant 2004–05 dollars1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

All institutions 1970–71........................................... 1975–76........................................... 1977–78........................................... 1978–79........................................... 1979–80...........................................

$23,375 38,903 45,971 50,721 56,914

$112,796 134,470 140,696 141,939 140,531

$16,741 15,858 16,719 17,002 16,558

$21,049 33,811 39,899 44,163 49,661

$101,569 116,869 122,112 123,587 122,622

$19,740 19,807 20,575 20,833 20,382

$2,327 5,092 6,072 6,558 7,253

$11,227 17,600 18,584 18,352 17,909

$7,051 6,824 7,493 7,596 7,247

1980–81........................................... 1981–82........................................... 1982–83........................................... 1983–84........................................... 1984–85...........................................

64,053 70,339 75,936 81,993 89,951

141,742 143,277 148,306 154,421 163,028

16,072 15,894 16,312 16,846 18,212

55,840 61,333 66,238 71,680 78,744

123,569 124,932 129,367 134,997 142,715

20,055 19,990 20,702 21,343 22,679

8,212 9,006 9,697 10,314 11,207

18,173 18,345 18,939 19,424 20,312

6,838 6,635 6,662 6,837 7,639

1985–86........................................... 1986–87........................................... 1987–88........................................... 1988–89........................................... 1989–90...........................................

97,536 105,764 113,786 123,867 134,656

171,819 182,266 188,291 195,923 203,287

19,212 20,108 20,400 20,701 20,784

85,560 92,985 100,143 109,141 118,578

150,723 160,244 165,713 172,631 179,016

23,946 25,194 25,547 25,904 26,273

11,976 12,779 13,644 14,726 16,077

21,096 22,023 22,577 23,293 24,272

7,964 8,145 8,230 8,318 8,180

1990–91........................................... 1991–92........................................... 1992–93........................................... 1993–94........................................... 1994–95...........................................

146,088 156,189 165,241 173,351 182,969

209,114 216,632 222,244 227,264 233,190

20,946 20,909 21,294 21,955 22,535

128,594 137,375 145,300 152,164 160,891

184,073 190,537 195,424 199,488 205,052

26,417 26,906 27,411 28,014 28,729

17,494 18,814 19,941 21,187 22,078

25,041 26,095 26,820 27,776 28,138

8,304 7,958 8,109 8,598 8,764

1995–96........................................... 1996–97........................................... 1997–98........................................... 1998–99........................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01...........................................

190,476 — — — — —

236,329 — — — — —

22,867 — — — — —

166,954 — — — — —

207,144 — — — — —

28,879 — — — — —

23,522 — — — — —

29,184 — — — — —

9,229 — — — — —

Public institutions 1970–71........................................... 1975–76........................................... 1977–78........................................... 1978–79........................................... 1979–80...........................................

14,996 26,184 30,725 33,733 37,768

72,363 90,506 94,036 94,399 93,257

14,610 13,876 14,701 15,034 14,588

12,899 21,392 25,013 27,600 30,979

62,243 73,942 76,554 77,238 76,493

17,945 18,228 18,953 19,328 18,844

2,097 4,792 5,712 6,132 6,789

10,120 16,564 17,482 17,161 16,764

6,817 6,717 7,416 7,517 7,185

1980–81........................................... 1981–82........................................... 1982–83........................................... 1983–84........................................... 1984–85...........................................

42,280 46,219 49,573 53,087 58,315

93,561 94,145 96,818 99,980 105,689

14,086 13,883 14,133 14,529 15,811

34,677 37,890 40,616 43,588 48,017

76,737 77,179 79,325 82,091 87,026

18,454 18,339 18,794 19,244 20,535

7,602 8,330 8,957 9,499 10,298

16,823 16,967 17,494 17,889 18,663

6,773 6,595 6,652 6,839 7,628

1985–86........................................... 1986–87........................................... 1987–88........................................... 1988–89........................................... 1989–90...........................................

63,194 67,654 72,641 78,946 85,771

111,322 116,590 120,205 124,870 129,486

16,696 17,201 17,326 17,595 17,566

52,184 56,003 60,137 65,349 70,865

91,928 96,511 99,513 103,364 106,983

21,683 22,468 22,638 22,940 23,157

11,010 11,651 12,505 13,597 14,906

19,395 20,079 20,692 21,506 22,503

7,987 8,088 8,140 8,300 8,178

1990–91........................................... 1991–92........................................... 1992–93........................................... 1993–94........................................... 1994–95...........................................

92,961 98,847 104,570 109,310 115,465

133,067 137,099 140,644 143,306 147,158

17,606 17,436 17,777 18,343 18,904

76,722 81,334 86,065 89,697 94,895

109,822 112,809 115,755 117,594 120,942

23,169 23,523 24,126 24,674 25,464

16,239 17,513 18,505 19,612 20,570

23,245 24,290 24,889 25,712 26,216

8,249 7,920 7,993 8,440 8,638

1995–96........................................... 1996–97........................................... 1997–98........................................... 1998–99........................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01...........................................

119,525 125,429 132,846 140,539 152,325 170,345

148,297 151,306 157,446 163,728 172,480 186,495

19,131 19,411 20,006 20,777 21,506 22,559

97,905 103,069 109,190 115,158 124,878 140,578

121,473 124,333 129,409 134,159 141,401 153,906

25,534 26,081 26,883 27,555 28,597 30,625

21,620 22,360 23,656 25,381 27,447 29,766

26,824 26,972 28,037 29,569 31,079 32,589

8,958 8,908 9,175 9,819 10,105 10,054

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

548 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Expenditures

u t i dn e p xE Table 339. Current-fund expenditures and current-fund expenditures per full-time-equivalent student in degree-granting institutions, by type and control of institution: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2000–01—Continued All institutions

4-year institutions

Current-fund expenditures, in millions

Control of institution and year 1

Unadjusted dollars

Constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current-fund expenditures per student, in constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current-fund expenditures, in millions

2-year institutions

Unadjusted dollars

Constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current-fund expenditures per student, in constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current-fund expenditures, in millions

Unadjusted dollars

Constant 2004–05 dollars1

Current-fund expenditures per student, in constant 2004–05 dollars1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Private institutions 1970–71........................................... 1975–76........................................... 1979–80........................................... 1980–81........................................... 1981–82...........................................

8,379 12,719 19,146 21,773 24,120

40,433 43,964 47,275 48,182 49,132

22,656 22,461 22,569 22,135 22,000

8,150 12,419 18,682 21,163 23,444

39,326 42,928 46,129 46,832 47,754

23,452 23,281 23,574 23,380 23,393

230 300 464 610 676

1,108 1,037 1,145 1,350 1,378

10,273 9,134 8,303 7,776 7,180

1982–83........................................... 1983–84........................................... 1984–85........................................... 1985–86........................................... 1986–87...........................................

26,363 28,907 31,637 34,342 38,110

51,488 54,441 57,338 60,497 65,676

22,975 23,826 25,292 26,584 28,728

25,623 28,092 30,727 33,376 36,982

50,042 52,906 55,690 58,795 63,732

24,672 25,690 27,102 28,615 30,866

740 815 910 966 1,128

1,446 1,535 1,649 1,702 1,944

6,794 6,806 7,770 7,702 8,783

1987–88........................................... 1988–89........................................... 1989–90........................................... 1990–91........................................... 1991–92...........................................

41,145 44,922 48,885 53,127 57,342

68,086 71,053 73,801 76,047 79,532

29,705 30,014 30,632 31,354 31,841

40,006 43,792 47,713 51,872 56,041

66,201 69,267 72,032 74,251 77,728

31,663 32,092 32,835 33,327 34,005

1,139 1,130 1,172 1,255 1,301

1,885 1,787 1,769 1,796 1,804

9,366 8,549 8,207 9,093 8,511

1992–93........................................... 1993–94........................................... 1994–95........................................... 1995–96........................................... 1996–97...........................................

60,671 64,041 67,504 70,952 —

81,601 83,959 86,032 88,031 —

32,316 33,067 33,558 34,079 —

59,235 62,466 65,996 69,050 —

79,670 81,894 84,111 85,671 —

34,171 34,776 35,225 35,466 —

1,436 1,575 1,508 1,902 —

1,931 2,064 1,921 2,360 —

9,976 11,214 10,926 14,088 —

1997–98........................................... 1998–99........................................... 1999–2000....................................... 2000–01...........................................

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

—Not available. 1Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. NOTE: Data for 1995–96 and earlier years are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Private college data not collected on a basis

consistent with public institutions after 1995–96. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education,” 1970–71 through 1985–86, “Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education,” 1970 through 1985; 1986–87 through 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY86–99), “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY86–99), and Spring 2001 and Spring 2002. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 340. Current-fund expenditures and educational and general expenditures of degree-granting institutions, by purpose and per student: Selected years, 1929–30 through 1995–96 Educational and general expenditures per student in fall enrollment4

Educational and general expenditures (in thousands of current dollars)

Year 1

Current-fund expenditures (in thousands)

Administra- Instruction tion and and departgeneral mental Total expense research

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

4

5

$507,142 536,523 469,329 541,391 614,385

$377,903 420,633 369,661 419,883 475,191

$42,633 47,232 43,155 48,069 56,406

$221,598 232,645 203,332 225,143 253,006

1939–40.................................. 1941–42.................................. 1943–44.................................. 1945–46.................................. 1947–48..................................

674,688 738,169 974,118 1,088,422 1,883,269

521,990 572,465 753,846 820,326 1,391,594

62,827 66,968 69,668 104,808 171,829

280,248 298,558 334,189 375,122 657,945

1949–50.................................. 1951–52.................................. 1953–54.................................. 1955–56.................................. 1957–58..................................

2,245,661 2,471,008 2,882,864 3,499,463 4,509,666

1,706,444 1,960,481 2,345,331 2,861,858 3,734,350

213,070 233,844 288,147 355,207 473,945

780,994 823,117 960,556 1,140,655 1,465,603

1959–60.................................. 5,601,376 4,685,258 1961–62.................................. 7,154,526 5,997,007 1963–64.................................. 9,177,677 7,725,433 1965–66.................................. 12,509,489 10,376,630 1966–67.................................. 14,230,341 10,724,974 1967–68.................................. 16,480,786 12,847,350

583,224 730,429 957,512 1,251,107 1,445,074 1,738,946

1,793,320 2,202,443 2,801,707 3,756,175 4,356,413 5,139,179

1968–69.................................. 1969–70.................................. 1970–71.................................. 1971–72.................................. 1972–73..................................

18,481,583 21,043,113 23,375,197 25,559,560 27,955,624

14,718,140 16,845,212 18,714,642 20,441,878 22,400,379

2,277,585 2,627,993 2,983,911 3,344,215 3,713,068

1973–74.................................. 1974–75.................................. 1975–76.................................. 1976–77.................................. 1977–78..................................

30,713,581 35,057,563 38,903,177 42,599,816 45,970,790

24,653,849 27,547,620 30,598,685 33,151,681 36,256,604

1978–79.................................. 1979–80.................................. 1980–81.................................. 1981–82.................................. 1982–83..................................

50,720,984 56,913,588 64,052,938 70,339,448 75,935,749

See notes at end of table.

6

7

8

$18,007

$9,622 11,379 13,387 15,531 17,588

$61,061 56,797 51,046 56,802 62,738

19,487 19,763 20,452 26,560 44,208

69,612 72,594 81,201 110,947 201,996

225,341 317,928 6 372,643 6 500,793 6 727,776

56,147 60,612 72,944 85,563 109,715

225,110 240,446 277,874 324,229 406,226

8

1,022,353

469,943 564,225 686,054 844,506 969,275 1,127,290

8

1,973,383 2,448,300 1,565,102 1,933,473

135,384 177,362 236,718 346,248 415,903 493,266

5,941,972 6,883,844 7,804,410 8,443,261 9,243,641

2,034,074 2,144,076 2,209,338 2,265,282 2,394,261

571,572 652,596 716,212 764,481 840,727

4,200,955 4,495,391 5,240,066 5,590,669 6,177,029

10,219,118 11,797,823 13,094,943 14,031,145 15,336,229

2,480,450 3,132,132 3,287,364 3,600,067 3,919,830

39,833,116 6,832,004 44,542,843 7,621,143 50,073,805 8,681,513 54,848,752 9,648,069 58,929,218 10,412,233

16,662,820 18,496,717 20,733,166 22,962,527 24,673,293

4,447,760 5,099,151 5,657,719 5,929,894 6,265,280

6

6 21,978 6 17,064 6 6

22,091 25,213

6 27,266 6

34,287 6 58,456 6 86,812 6 159,090 6 6

6

6 1,474,406 6 6

Extension Scholarships and public and Other general service fellowships expenditures

Auxiliary Independent enterprises operations3 (in thou(in thousands) sands)

Other current Hospitals expenditures (in thou(in thousands) sands)

Current dollars

Constant 2004–05 dollars5

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

( 7) $21,297 8 14,155 8 20,241 8 24,031

— — — — —

$24,982 24,066 20,020 29,426 34,189

( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

— $5,239 7,502 2,580 2,020

$3,127 90,897 78,730 95,332 115,620

( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6)

(8 ) (8 ) (8 ) (8 ) (8 )

$126,112 24,993 20,938 26,176 23,574

$343 364 350 348 352

$3,845 4,846 5,071 4,848 4,707

8 27,225

37,771 8 48,415 8 60,604 8 85,346

— — 9 $97,044 — —

35,325 42,525 44,421 55,473 71,180

( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7) ( 7)

— — — — —

124,184 137,328 199,344 242,028 438,988

( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6)

(8 ) (8 ) (8 ) (8 ) (8 )

28,514 28,375 20,928 26,068 52,687

349 408 653 489 595

4,792 5,013 7,178 5,141 4,896

119,108 147,854 8 186,905 8 222,007 8 238,455

— — — — —

86,674 97,408 112,227 137,914 175,256

( 7) $39,272 74,035 95,490 129,935

— — — — 7,439

476,401 477,672 537,533 637,605 775,316

( 6) (6) (6) (6) (6)

(8 ) (8 ) (8 ) (8 ) (8 )

62,816 32,855 — — —

698 933 1,051 1,079 1,124

5,649 6,802 7,493 7,692 7,542

294,255 375,040 8 458,507 8 558,170 591,848 350,711

— — — 155,202 350,950 514,294

205,595 244,337 297,350 438,385 226,566 597,544

172,050 228,765 300,370 425,524 583,390 712,425

9,134 — 13,832 153,013 220,453 240,222

916,117 1,157,517 1,452,244 1,887,744 2,060,130 2,302,419

(6) (6 ) (6) (6) $951,668 765,495

(8 ) (8 ) (8 ) (8 ) $253,790 290,000

— — — 10 245,115 10 239,780 10 275,523

1,287 1,447 1,616 1,753 1,678 1,859

8,398 9,227 10,046 10,529 9,774 10,477

1,337,903 1,541,698 1,730,664 1,927,553 2,141,162

535,269 648,089 693,011 779,728 791,290

668,483 769,253 890,507 1,059,989 1,284,085

536,527 593,067 588,390 615,997 669,735

814,755 984,594 1,098,198 1,241,372 1,322,411

— — — — —

2,539,183 2,769,276 2,988,407 3,178,272 3,337,789

697,317 757,388 829,596 940,825 1,033,746

526,943 671,236 842,552 998,585 1,183,709

— — — — —

1,959 2,104 2,181 2,284 2,431

10,529 10,679 10,524 10,641 10,885

939,023 1,001,868 1,223,723 1,250,314 1,348,747

2,494,057 2,786,768 3,082,959 3,436,705 3,795,043

838,170 1,253,824 1,248,670 1,544,646 1,781,160

1,355,027 — — — —

730,560 1,097,788 1,238,603 1,343,404 1,425,294

1,396,488 1,449,542 1,635,859 1,770,214 1,839,298

— 532,485 546,498 584,515 633,973

3,613,256 4,073,590 4,476,841 4,858,328 5,261,477

1,014,872 1,085,590 1,132,016 1,434,738 855,054

1,431,604 2,350,763 2,695,635 3,155,069 3,597,655

— — — — —

2,568 2,694 2,736 3,010 3,213

10,556 9,973 9,456 9,832 9,832

1,426,614 1,623,811 1,759,784 1,922,416 2,039,671

4,178,574 4,700,070 5,350,310 5,979,281 6,391,596

2,044,386 2,252,577 2,513,502 2,734,038 3,047,220

— — — — —

1,593,097 1,816,521 2,057,770 2,203,726 2,320,478

1,944,599 2,200,468 2,504,525 2,684,945 2,922,897

703,262 732,385 815,516 783,854 856,548

5,749,974 6,485,608 7,288,089 7,997,632 8,614,316

1,007,119 1,127,728 1,257,934 1,258,777 1,406,126

4,130,775 4,757,409 5,433,111 6,234,287 6,986,089

— — — — —

3,538 3,850 4,139 4,433 4,742

9,900 9,506 9,160 9,031 9,262

8

8

8

8

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 549 Expenditures

2

Institutions of higher education 1929–30.................................. 1931–32.................................. 1933–34.................................. 1935–36.................................. 1937–38..................................

Organized research

Organized Plant activities operation Other related to and instructional sponsored 1 Libraries maintenance departments programs2

Educational and general expenditures per student in fall enrollment4

Educational and general expenditures (in thousands of current dollars)

Year 1

Current-fund expenditures (in thousands)

Administra- Instruction tion and and departgeneral mental Total expense research

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

1983–84.................................. 1984–85.................................. 1985–86.................................. 1986–87.................................. 1987–88..................................

81,993,360 89,951,263 97,535,742 105,763,557 113,786,476

63,741,276 70,061,324 76,127,965 82,955,555 89,157,430

1988–89.................................. 1989–90.................................. 1990–91.................................. 1991–92.................................. 1992–93..................................

123,867,184 134,655,571 146,087,836 156,189,161 165,241,040

96,803,377 105,585,076 114,139,901 121,567,157 128,977,968

5

Organized research

Organized Plant activities Other operation related to and instructional sponsored 1 Libraries maintenance departments programs2

Extension Scholarships and public and Other general service fellowships expenditures

Auxiliary Independent enterprises operations3 (in thou(in thousands) sands)

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

11,561,260 12,765,452 13,913,724 15,060,576 16,171,015

26,436,308 6,723,534 28,777,183 7,551,892 31,032,099 8,437,367 33,711,146 9,352,309 35,833,563 10,350,931

2,231,149 2,361,793 2,551,331 2,441,184 2,836,498

6,729,825 7,345,482 7,605,226 7,819,032 8,230,986

3,300,003 3,712,460 4,116,061 5,134,267 5,305,083

— — — — —

2,499,203 2,861,095 3,119,533 3,448,453 3,786,362

3,301,673 3,670,355 4,160,174 4,776,100 5,325,358

958,321 1,015,613 1,192,449 1,212,488 1,317,633

17,309,956 19,062,179 20,751,966 21,984,118 23,414,977

38,812,690 42,145,987 45,496,117 47,997,196 50,340,914

11,432,170 12,505,961 13,444,040 14,261,554 15,291,309

3,009,870 8,739,895 3,254,239 9,458,262 3,343,892 10,062,581 3,595,834 10,346,580 3,684,852 10,783,727

5,894,409 6,183,405 6,706,881 6,981,184 7,388,118

— — — — —

4,227,323 5,918,666 4,689,758 6,655,544 5,076,177 7,551,184 5,489,298 9,060,000 5,935,095 10,148,373

1,458,397 1,629,742 1,707,063 1,851,393 1,990,603

1993–94.................................. 173,350,617 136,024,350 24,489,022 52,775,599 16,117,610 1994–95.................................. 182,968,610 144,158,002 25,904,821 55,719,707 17,109,541 1995–96.................................. 189,986,238 150,927,324 27,683,381 57,572,851 17,519,665

3,908,412 11,368,496 4,165,761 11,745,905 4,299,177 12,257,540

7,769,499 8,112,930 9,010,262

— — —

6,242,414 11,238,010 6,691,485 12,285,328 7,045,145 13,138,965

Degree-granting institutions 1995–96.................................. 190,476,163 151,445,605 27,886,345 57,810,033 17,517,887

4,293,363 12,330,885

9,003,700

—

7,007,413 13,195,102

—Not available. 1Academic support excluding expenditures for libraries. 2Includes all separately budgeted programs, other than research, which are supported by sponsors outside the institution. Examples are training programs, workshops, and training and instructional institutes. For years not shown, most expenditures for these programs are included under “Extension and public service.” 3Generally includes only those expenditures associated with federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs). 4 Data for 1929–30 to 1945–46 are based on school-year enrollment. 5Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. 6 Expenditures for federally funded research and development centers are included under “Organized research.” 7Included under “Other current expenditures.” 8Expenditures for hospitals included under “Organized activities related to instructional departments.” 9 Expenditures were for federal contract courses. 10Includes current expenditures for physical plant assets. In later years, the educational and general expenditures for physical plant assets are included under “Other general expenditures.”

15

Other current Hospitals expenditures (in thou(in thousands) sands)

Current dollars

Constant 2004–05 dollars5

16

17

18

19

9,250,196 10,012,248 10,528,303 11,037,333 11,399,953

1,622,233 7,379,654 1,867,550 8,010,141 2,187,361 8,692,113 2,597,655 9,173,014 2,822,632 10,406,461

— — — — —

5,114 5,723 6,216 6,635 6,984

9,631 10,372 10,950 11,434 11,556

12,280,063 13,203,984 14,272,247 14,966,100 15,561,508

2,958,962 3,187,224 3,349,824 3,551,592 3,651,891

11,824,782 12,679,286 14,325,865 16,104,313 17,049,672

— — — — —

7,415 7,799 8,260 8,466 8,903

11,728 11,774 11,823 11,743 11,974

2,115,288 16,429,341 2,422,524 17,204,917 2,400,338 17,569,276

3,387,323 17,509,603 3,534,332 18,071,359 3,492,548 17,997,090

— — —

9,509 10,096 10,583

12,466 12,867 13,130

2,400,876 17,599,061

3,490,511 17,940,986

—

—

—

NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) The data in this table reflect limitations of data availability and comparability. Major changes in data collection forms in 1965–66 and 1974–75 cause significant data comparability problems among the three mostly consistent time periods, 1929–30 to 1963–64, 1965–66 to 1973–74, and 1974–75 to 1995–96. The largest problems affect Hospitals, Independent operations, Organized research, Other sponsored programs, Extension and public service, and Scholarships and fellowships. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1929–30 through 1963–64; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education,” 1965–66 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 1995–96 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY87–96). (This table was prepared February 2006.)

550 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Expenditures

Table 340. Current-fund expenditures and educational and general expenditures of degree-granting institutions, by purpose and per student: Selected years, 1929–30 through 1995–96—Continued

_

Table 341. Current-fund expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 2000–01 Educational and general expenditures

Type of institution 1

Current-fund expenditures

Total

Instruction

2

3

4

Research

Public service

Academic support

Student services

Institutional support

5

6

7

8

9

Operation and Scholarships maintenance and of plant fellowships

Mandatory transfers

Auxiliary enterprises

Hospitals

Independent operations1

Other

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

In thousands of current dollars Total....................................... $170,344,840 $136,612,739

$51,824,409

$18,031,825

$8,381,261

$13,328,044

$8,377,026

$15,344,522

$10,973,589

$7,766,208

$2,585,857

$16,377,079

$16,146,401

$779,242

$429,379

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

4-year............................................. Doctoral, extensive2 ................... Doctoral, intensive3 .................... Master’s4 .................................... Baccalaureate5 .......................... Specialized institutions6 ............. Art, music, or design .............. Engineering or technology ..... Medical or other health .......... Tribal7 ..................................... Other specialized ...................

140,578,401 82,256,188 13,920,251 24,645,204 3,109,611 16,647,147 93,213 327,220 14,328,018 55,176 1,843,521

108,663,351 63,820,442 11,279,367 21,387,344 2,673,829 9,502,369 86,796 285,901 7,536,042 44,171 1,549,460

38,925,847 21,083,113 4,342,871 8,702,583 1,079,132 3,718,148 33,434 118,076 3,056,947 14,349 495,341

18,011,859 13,917,489 1,680,038 669,439 33,865 1,711,029 4,938 36,617 1,653,940 326 15,208

7,654,078 5,245,981 577,178 940,163 95,903 794,852 1,696 8,719 760,445 2,676 21,317

10,811,111 6,174,601 1,296,599 2,350,953 285,729 703,228 7,416 27,806 492,132 1,410 174,464

5,380,106 2,423,994 631,565 1,807,117 258,546 258,886 7,229 18,364 63,534 6,687 163,072

10,822,558 5,391,738 1,066,245 2,823,440 388,557 1,152,578 10,940 28,396 817,712 9,808 285,724

8,174,309 4,214,170 824,160 1,980,788 273,180 882,010 9,761 22,803 520,337 4,989 324,120

6,586,934 3,912,844 697,421 1,604,581 210,507 161,580 7,239 24,977 72,818 3,926 52,620

2,296,550 1,456,511 163,291 508,280 48,409 120,059 4,143 145 98,177 0 17,594

14,655,116 9,009,382 1,615,136 3,215,433 426,017 389,147 6,417 37,451 203,585 1,444 140,250

16,146,401 9,091,624 1,017,611 0 0 6,037,166 0 0 5,931,457 0 105,709

732,410 113,784 4,185 14,226 655 599,561 0 0 597,608 1,953 0

381,123 220,956 3,951 28,200 9,111 118,905 0 3,868 59,326 7,609 48,102

2-year............................................. Associate’s of arts...................... Tribal7 .........................................

29,766,440 29,692,756 73,684

27,949,388 27,883,551 65,837

12,898,562 12,880,696 17,866

19,966 19,163 803

727,183 725,812 1,370

2,516,933 2,509,397 7,536

2,996,920 2,989,027 7,893

4,521,963 4,507,198 14,766

2,799,281 2,791,964 7,316

1,179,274 1,171,679 7,595

289,308 288,615 693

1,721,963 1,718,150 3,813

0 0 0

46,832 46,832 0

48,256 44,222 4,034

Total.......................................

100.0

80.2

30.4

10.6

4.9

7.8

4.9

9.0

6.4

4.6

1.5

9.6

9.5

0.5

0.3

4-year............................................. Doctoral, extensive2 ................... Doctoral, intensive3 .................... Master’s4 .................................... Baccalaureate5 .......................... Specialized institutions6 ............. Art, music, or design .............. Engineering or technology ..... Medical or other health .......... Tribal7 ..................................... Other specialized ...................

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

77.3 77.6 81.0 86.8 86.0 57.1 93.1 87.4 52.6 80.1 84.0

27.7 25.6 31.2 35.3 34.7 22.3 35.9 36.1 21.3 26.0 26.9

12.8 16.9 12.1 2.7 1.1 10.3 5.3 11.2 11.5 0.6 0.8

5.4 6.4 4.1 3.8 3.1 4.8 1.8 2.7 5.3 4.9 1.2

7.7 7.5 9.3 9.5 9.2 4.2 8.0 8.5 3.4 2.6 9.5

3.8 2.9 4.5 7.3 8.3 1.6 7.8 5.6 0.4 12.1 8.8

7.7 6.6 7.7 11.5 12.5 6.9 11.7 8.7 5.7 17.8 15.5

5.8 5.1 5.9 8.0 8.8 5.3 10.5 7.0 3.6 9.0 17.6

4.7 4.8 5.0 6.5 6.8 1.0 7.8 7.6 0.5 7.1 2.9

1.6 1.8 1.2 2.1 1.6 0.7 4.4 0.0 0.7 0.0 1.0

10.4 11.0 11.6 13.0 13.7 2.3 6.9 11.4 1.4 2.6 7.6

11.5 11.1 7.3 0.0 0.0 36.3 0.0 0.0 41.4 0.0 5.7

0.5 0.1 # 0.1 # 3.6 0.0 0.0 4.2 3.5 0.0

0.3 0.3 # 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.0 1.2 0.4 13.8 2.6

2-year............................................. Associate’s of arts...................... Tribal7 .........................................

100.0 100.0 100.0

93.9 93.9 89.4

43.3 43.4 24.2

0.1 0.1 1.1

2.4 2.4 1.9

8.5 8.5 10.2

10.1 10.1 10.7

15.2 15.2 20.0

9.4 9.4 9.9

4.0 3.9 10.3

1.0 1.0 0.9

5.8 5.8 5.2

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.2 0.2 0.0

0.2 0.1 5.5

Percentage distribution

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 551 Expenditures

See notes at end of table.

Educational and general expenditures Current-fund expenditures

Total

Instruction

2

3

Total.......................................

$20,606

4-year............................................. Doctoral, extensive2 ................... Doctoral, intensive3 .................... Master’s4 .................................... Baccalaureate5 .......................... Specialized institutions6 ............. Art, music, or design .............. Engineering or technology ..... Medical or other health .......... Tribal7 ..................................... Other specialized ................... 2-year............................................. Associate’s of arts...................... Tribal7 .........................................

Type of institution 1

Research

Public service

Academic support

Student services

Institutional support

4

5

6

7

8

9

$16,525

$6,269

$2,181

$1,014

$1,612

$1,013

$1,856

27,973 37,738 21,290 13,886 12,309 101,090 28,427 23,794 325,371 22,159 18,231

21,622 29,280 17,251 12,051 10,584 57,703 26,470 20,790 171,134 17,739 15,323

7,746 9,673 6,642 4,903 4,271 22,579 10,197 8,586 69,419 5,763 4,899

3,584 6,385 2,570 377 134 10,390 1,506 2,663 37,559 131 150

1,523 2,407 883 530 380 4,827 517 634 17,269 1,075 211

2,151 2,833 1,983 1,325 1,131 4,270 2,262 2,022 11,176 566 1,725

1,071 1,112 966 1,018 1,023 1,572 2,205 1,335 1,443 2,686 1,613

9,183 9,173 17,096

8,623 8,614 15,275

3,979 3,979 4,145

6 6 186

224 224 318

777 775 1,748

925 923 1,831

Operation and Scholarships maintenance and of plant fellowships

Mandatory transfers

Auxiliary enterprises

Hospitals

Independent operations1

Other

11

12

13

14

15

16

$1,327

$939

$313

$1,981

$1,953

$94

$52

2,153 2,474 1,631 1,591 1,538 6,999 3,336 2,065 18,569 3,939 2,826

1,627 1,933 1,261 1,116 1,081 5,356 2,977 1,658 11,816 2,004 3,205

1,311 1,795 1,067 904 833 981 2,208 1,816 1,654 1,577 520

457 668 250 286 192 729 1,264 11 2,229 0 174

2,916 4,133 2,470 1,812 1,686 2,363 1,957 2,723 4,623 580 1,387

3,213 4,171 1,556 0 0 36,661 0 0 134,696 0 1,045

146 52 6 8 3 3,641 0 0 13,571 784 0

76 101 6 16 36 722 0 281 1,347 3,056 476

1,395 1,392 3,426

864 863 1,697

364 362 1,762

89 89 161

531 531 885

0 0 0

14 14 0

15 14 936

10

Expenditure per full-time-equivalent student (in current dollars)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

#Rounds to zero. 1Generally includes only those expenditures associated with major federally funded research and development centers (FFRDC). 2 Doctoral, extensive institutions are committed to graduate education through the doctorate, and award 50 or more doctor’s degrees per year across at least 15 disciplines. 3Doctoral, intensive institutions are committed to education through the doctorate and award at least 10 doctor’s degrees per year across 3 or more disciplines or at least 20 doctor’s degrees overall. 4Master’s institutions offer a full range of baccalaureate programs and are committed to education through the master’s degree. They award at least 20 master’s degrees per year. 5 Baccalaureate institutions primarily emphasize undergraduate education.

6Specialized

4-year institutions award degrees primarily in single fields of study, such as medicine, business, fine arts, theology, and engineering. Other specialized includes some institutions that have 4-year programs, but have not reported sufficient data to identify program category. Other specialized also includes institutions classified as 4-year under the IPEDS system, which had been classified as 2-year in the Carnegie classification system because they primarily award associate’s degrees. 7Tribally controlled colleges are located on reservations and are members of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2001 and Spring 2002. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

552 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Expenditures

Table 341. Current-fund expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 2000–01—Continued

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 553 Expenditures

Table 342. Current-fund expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by purpose: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01 Purpose 1

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

2

3

4

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991

1999–2000

2000–01

5

6

7

8

9

10

In thousands of current dollars Total current-fund expenditures.....................

$42,279,806

$63,193,853

$92,961,093

$119,524,500

$125,428,736

$132,846,205

$140,538,586

$152,324,948

$170,344,840

Educational and general expenditures ............................

34,173,013

50,872,962

74,395,428

96,085,623

101,026,553

106,740,858

113,594,381

122,708,551

136,612,739

Instruction ........................................ Research ......................................... Public service .................................. Academic support............................ Libraries ....................................... Student services.............................. Institutional support ......................... Operation and maintenance of plant Scholarships and fellowships........... From unrestricted funds ............... From restricted funds2 ................. Mandatory transfers.........................

14,849,822 3,813,350 1,718,924 3,029,284 1,187,116 1,950,566 3,563,194 3,681,921 1,064,864 367,476 697,388 501,087

21,880,782 5,705,144 2,515,734 4,693,543 1,685,052 2,921,758 5,667,144 5,177,254 1,575,909 696,973 878,935 735,695

31,371,394 9,364,213 3,990,232 6,933,847 2,167,161 4,398,365 8,030,642 6,655,605 2,688,532 1,270,158 1,418,374 962,598

38,653,245 12,076,357 5,321,014 9,004,113 2,690,547 5,810,403 10,710,279 8,005,101 5,084,653 2,457,139 2,627,514 1,420,459

40,272,894 12,708,360 5,697,527 9,587,779 2,836,286 6,177,234 11,213,870 8,265,279 5,554,360 2,734,268 2,820,091 1,549,250

42,149,852 13,415,392 6,111,046 10,280,536 2,929,549 6,611,180 11,842,815 8,572,699 5,947,587 2,944,138 3,003,449 1,809,751

44,300,187 14,308,155 6,764,341 11,188,644 3,098,540 7,053,197 12,730,698 8,953,015 6,417,812 3,168,528 3,249,284 1,878,331

47,215,750 15,999,142 7,421,841 12,087,782 — 7,636,530 13,768,079 9,710,370 6,785,423 — — 2,083,634

51,824,409 18,031,825 8,381,261 13,328,044 — 8,377,026 15,344,522 10,973,589 7,766,208 — — 2,585,857

Other expenditures........................

8,106,793

12,320,891

18,565,665

23,438,877

24,402,183

26,105,347

26,944,205

29,616,397

33,732,101

Auxiliary enterprises ........................ Mandatory transfers..................... Hospitals.......................................... Mandatory transfers..................... Independent operations (FFRDC)3 .. Mandatory transfers..................... Other current expenditures ..............

4,658,140 344,043 3,377,972 26,613 70,681 322 †

6,830,235 410,777 5,358,699 75,569 131,956 846 †

9,049,935 623,146 9,315,902 195,961 199,827 1,201 †

11,309,031 793,125 11,878,939 213,387 250,906 1,343 †

12,031,612 842,635 12,111,616 293,030 258,955 1,172 †

12,819,009 844,478 12,964,071 285,820 322,267 1,379 †

13,566,912 862,449 13,058,104 251,306 319,188 # †

14,448,423 — 14,057,107 — 533,868 — 576,999

16,377,079 — 16,146,401 — 779,242 — 429,379

Percentage distribution Total current-fund expenditures.....................

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Educational and general expenditures ............................

80.8

80.5

80.0

80.4

80.5

80.3

80.8

80.6

80.2

Instruction ........................................ Research ......................................... Public service .................................. Academic support............................ Libraries ....................................... Student services.............................. Institutional support ......................... Operation and maintenance of plant Scholarships and fellowships........... From unrestricted funds ............... From restricted funds2 ................. Mandatory transfers.........................

35.1 9.0 4.1 7.2 2.8 4.6 8.4 8.7 2.5 0.9 1.6 1.2

34.6 9.0 4.0 7.4 2.7 4.6 9.0 8.2 2.5 1.1 1.4 1.2

33.7 10.1 4.3 7.5 2.3 4.7 8.6 7.2 2.9 1.4 1.5 1.0

32.3 10.1 4.5 7.5 2.3 4.9 9.0 6.7 4.3 2.1 2.2 1.2

32.1 10.1 4.5 7.6 2.3 4.9 8.9 6.6 4.4 2.2 2.2 1.2

31.7 10.1 4.6 7.7 2.2 5.0 8.9 6.5 4.5 2.2 2.3 1.4

31.5 10.2 4.8 8.0 2.2 5.0 9.1 6.4 4.6 2.3 2.3 1.3

31.0 10.5 4.9 7.9 — 5.0 9.0 6.4 4.5 — — 1.4

30.4 10.6 4.9 7.8 — 4.9 9.0 6.4 4.6 — — 1.5

Other expenditures........................

19.2

19.5

20.0

19.6

19.5

19.7

19.2

19.4

19.8

Auxiliary enterprises ........................ Mandatory transfers..................... Hospitals.......................................... Mandatory transfers..................... Independent operations (FFRDC)3 .. Mandatory transfers..................... Other current expenditures ..............

11.0 0.8 8.0 0.1 0.2 # †

10.8 0.7 8.5 0.1 0.2 # †

9.7 0.7 10.0 0.2 0.2 # †

9.5 0.7 9.9 0.2 0.2 # †

9.6 0.7 9.7 0.2 0.2 # †

9.6 0.6 9.8 0.2 0.2 # †

9.7 0.6 9.3 0.2 0.2 # †

9.5 — 9.2 — 0.4 — 0.4

9.6 — 9.5 — 0.5 — 0.3

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Data imputed using alternative procedures. 2Excludes Pell Grants. 3 Generally includes only those expenditures associated with major federally funded research and development centers (FFRDC). NOTE: Data for 1980–81 to 1990–91 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new

degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for more detail.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education” surveys, 1980–81 and 1985–86; and 1990–91 through 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY90–99), and Spring 2001 and Spring 2002. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

554 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Expenditures

Table 343. Current-fund expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01 [In thousands of current dollars] Institutions of higher education

Degree-granting institutions

Percent change, 1995–96 to 2000–01

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991

1999–2000

2000–01

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States ..........

$42,279,806

$63,193,853

$92,961,093 $115,464,975 $119,524,500 $125,428,736 $132,846,205 $140,538,586 $152,324,948 $170,344,840

42.5

Alabama .......................... Alaska.............................. Arizona ............................ Arkansas.......................... California .........................

839,366 158,700 691,481 340,621 5,775,482

1,324,774 224,042 1,017,203 528,831 8,515,440

2,054,798 289,606 1,586,891 797,291 12,023,304

2,648,077 336,584 1,854,180 1,070,668 13,899,338

2,715,643 352,811 1,976,169 1,181,083 14,284,348

2,840,619 344,723 2,070,170 1,247,987 15,489,455

3,013,873 349,939 2,232,166 1,318,057 16,349,033

3,202,503 361,140 2,350,274 1,430,166 17,894,180

3,337,958 385,553 2,508,136 1,528,643 20,204,478

3,508,298 432,793 2,677,742 1,636,672 22,674,570

29.2 22.7 35.5 38.6 58.7

Colorado .......................... Connecticut...................... Delaware.......................... District of Columbia ......... Florida..............................

738,363 367,850 158,332 71,791 1,170,305

1,057,558 562,696 229,377 80,764 1,782,180

1,452,137 886,846 367,012 97,556 2,896,046

1,862,438 1,134,014 469,085 99,351 3,549,470

1,974,306 1,168,038 491,597 103,072 3,714,984

2,077,034 1,193,722 510,290 92,985 3,968,197

2,257,920 1,301,238 542,429 69,345 4,235,932

2,358,290 1,419,257 578,210 83,575 4,634,378

2,440,045 1,568,490 606,042 81,990 4,947,847

2,630,166 1,621,083 625,737 91,938 5,442,666

33.2 38.8 27.3 -10.8 46.5

Georgia............................ Hawaii .............................. Idaho................................ Illinois............................... Indiana.............................

754,060 222,718 166,844 1,780,403 1,064,395

1,255,964 312,248 238,438 2,571,409 1,602,203

1,929,993 498,307 353,561 3,528,967 2,391,173

2,728,682 653,303 473,733 4,293,437 2,967,184

2,835,505 634,970 510,601 4,498,142 2,783,027

3,043,813 638,096 530,013 4,712,347 3,021,556

3,337,172 684,248 556,349 4,942,580 3,298,268

3,506,991 688,307 603,889 5,217,493 3,429,404

3,955,764 679,287 626,644 5,525,410 3,633,100

4,049,036 737,605 685,758 5,932,860 3,852,626

42.8 16.2 34.3 31.9 38.4

Iowa ................................. Kansas............................. Kentucky .......................... Louisiana ......................... Maine...............................

767,590 579,857 673,775 716,702 153,658

1,092,542 848,602 898,718 1,039,177 216,737

1,734,476 1,190,573 1,400,529 1,439,415 355,074

2,051,631 1,495,926 1,663,738 1,909,675 391,269

2,163,536 1,547,154 1,779,945 1,970,177 407,819

2,233,470 1,587,212 1,994,760 2,056,770 431,850

2,368,381 1,692,700 2,061,525 2,890,392 442,573

2,478,128 1,687,445 2,235,257 3,051,898 475,783

2,612,023 1,734,127 2,442,117 3,236,605 507,930

2,603,053 1,830,606 2,589,557 3,293,683 549,851

20.3 18.3 45.5 67.2 34.8

Maryland.......................... Massachusetts................. Michigan .......................... Minnesota ........................ Mississippi .......................

795,100 553,019 2,053,795 876,632 539,222

1,064,430 980,585 2,946,336 1,324,691 706,380

1,684,341 1,435,063 4,416,914 2,012,225 978,366

1,997,636 1,557,225 5,395,757 2,624,464 1,358,795

2,136,898 1,647,254 5,653,791 2,694,395 1,440,692

2,309,739 1,739,959 5,980,104 2,583,477 1,490,260

2,490,326 1,915,680 6,293,933 2,607,348 1,636,580

2,567,437 1,992,772 6,658,103 2,763,990 1,816,580

2,920,899 2,149,182 7,329,879 2,898,495 2,008,628

3,141,491 2,337,046 7,966,990 3,076,832 2,111,975

47.0 41.9 40.9 14.2 46.6

Missouri ........................... Montana........................... Nebraska ......................... Nevada ............................ New Hampshire ...............

687,643 121,894 378,928 111,347 134,391

999,869 182,102 537,858 180,107 183,959

1,453,608 254,175 848,778 330,592 281,542

1,836,878 376,618 1,076,670 447,901 371,554

1,994,150 402,792 1,143,547 505,518 390,816

2,117,072 443,314 1,218,519 547,065 405,304

2,257,626 450,665 1,089,700 597,026 424,077

2,402,362 474,278 1,158,111 648,485 439,768

2,617,736 507,851 1,225,449 701,413 469,642

2,836,688 552,708 1,259,443 757,424 500,329

42.3 37.2 10.1 49.8 28.0

New Jersey ...................... New Mexico ..................... New York.......................... North Carolina ................. North Dakota ...................

903,169 325,960 2,519,104 1,128,383 192,046

1,406,490 456,600 3,802,602 1,799,173 288,214

2,309,968 896,299 5,605,621 2,581,156 367,959

2,982,535 1,278,741 6,922,118 3,406,215 456,730

3,064,901 1,329,422 6,728,593 3,538,606 440,332

3,147,805 1,372,587 6,872,196 3,791,447 450,580

3,276,738 1,439,205 7,180,732 4,057,906 472,760

3,479,536 1,502,684 7,170,827 4,335,879 481,388

3,853,074 1,609,904 7,798,717 4,665,386 487,364

4,127,205 1,727,683 13,541,832 5,062,536 516,617

34.7 30.0 101.3 43.1 17.3

Ohio ................................. Oklahoma ........................ Oregon............................. Pennsylvania.................... Rhode Island ...................

1,784,754 583,174 642,411 1,544,586 158,365

2,718,408 844,829 880,696 2,392,145 213,253

4,084,840 1,057,248 1,329,794 3,602,685 292,199

4,907,686 1,263,002 1,756,424 4,506,833 344,457

4,818,930 1,329,938 1,815,638 4,781,347 353,270

4,880,235 1,458,358 1,984,619 4,919,829 368,598

5,248,688 1,592,465 2,107,519 4,961,929 376,190

5,521,383 1,698,453 2,270,364 5,303,351 401,526

6,010,509 1,904,467 2,503,013 5,678,716 421,252

6,433,761 2,129,124 2,699,552 6,454,947 451,179

33.5 60.1 48.7 35.0 27.7

South Carolina................. South Dakota ................... Tennessee ....................... Texas ............................... Utah .................................

617,963 124,103 665,885 2,736,276 405,314

951,848 149,092 1,081,052 4,375,082 669,714

1,475,074 197,853 1,585,614 5,959,584 993,625

1,817,631 252,443 2,042,171 7,817,433 1,354,017

1,903,952 290,868 2,062,547 8,300,915 1,442,592

2,020,736 294,514 2,126,871 8,758,306 1,536,120

2,192,724 319,705 2,185,603 9,313,169 1,654,048

2,311,108 335,243 2,286,000 9,843,327 1,867,303

2,515,415 350,211 2,258,072 10,820,078 1,978,429

2,194,033 382,250 2,430,880 12,744,081 2,085,409

15.2 31.4 17.9 53.5 44.6

Vermont ........................... Virginia............................. Washington...................... West Virginia.................... Wisconsin ........................ Wyoming..........................

122,708 1,143,755 993,171 317,482 1,208,396 126,082

188,112 1,825,156 1,399,780 376,293 1,754,395 203,307

274,746 2,812,109 2,157,074 548,802 2,469,260 240,216

316,455 3,414,167 2,807,168 674,664 2,941,034 294,334

329,457 3,515,201 2,945,074 718,596 3,024,877 291,864

347,605 3,804,552 3,102,644 741,058 2,827,128 296,393

355,673 3,608,285 3,599,004 755,252 3,088,341 305,567

374,752 3,832,003 3,521,717 799,193 3,255,308 314,762

411,271 4,085,736 3,807,514 847,145 3,512,443 333,127

426,370 4,415,701 4,205,962 916,466 3,814,064 354,195

29.4 25.6 42.8 27.5 26.1 21.4

U.S. Service Schools .......

592,454

912,393

1,150,209

1,313,438

1,394,800

1,406,676

1,047,619

1,024,025

1,081,740

1,223,770

-12.3

State or jurisdiction 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 555 Expenditures

Table 343. Current-fund expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01—Continued [In thousands of current dollars] Institutions of higher education

State or jurisdiction 1 Other jurisdictions American Samoa ............. Federated States of Micronesia ................. Guam............................... Marshall Islands............... Northern Marianas .......... Palau................................ Puerto Rico...................... Trust Territory of the Pacific ........................ Virgin Islands ...................

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

Degree-granting institutions

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991

1999–2000

2000–01

Percent change, 1995–96 to 2000–01

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

268,310

451,370

516,958

727,524

809,779

864,454

924,241

940,891

975,025

1,048,185

29.4

1,609

1,092

3,187

3,483

15,486

6,462

7,532

7,103

7,289

3,994

-74.2

† 16,100 † † † 237,319

† 31,310 † 1,350 † 394,046

3,777 57,645 † 2,798 3,837 385,511

5,056 81,148 1,237 12,366 3,667 586,910

8,442 68,230 1,282 15,029 5,942 659,617

7,381 69,168 1,566 16,393 3,940 724,397

6,949 73,311 1,781 16,536 4,032 780,586

7,288 73,140 3,143 13,557 4,567 793,069

9,111 73,052 3,453 14,759 4,127 825,102

11,031 74,747 1,478 342 4,494 902,747

30.7 9.6 15.2 -97.7 -24.4 36.9

1,447 11,835

5,992 17,580

† 60,202

† 33,656

† 35,750

† 35,149

† 33,513

† 39,023

† 38,131

† 49,352

† 38.0

†Not applicable. 1Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associ-

ate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education” surveys, 1980–81 and 1985–86; and 1990–91 through 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY91–99), and Spring 2001 and Spring 2002. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

556 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Expenditures _

Table 344. Educational and general expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01 [In thousands of dollars] Institutions of higher education

Degree-granting institutions

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991

1999–2000

2000–01

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States .............

$34,173,013

$50,872,962

$74,395,428

$92,173,768

$96,085,623

$101,026,553

$106,740,858

$113,594,381

$122,708,551

$136,612,739

Alabama ............................. Alaska................................. Arizona ............................... Arkansas............................. California ............................

611,409 150,421 554,120 266,522 4,847,879

979,770 210,894 862,816 415,800 7,049,635

1,415,440 273,577 1,364,060 633,194 9,615,356

1,834,533 316,397 1,653,840 746,129 11,280,758

1,880,788 331,723 1,759,850 843,906 11,719,821

1,925,722 323,377 1,844,250 891,912 12,617,059

2,006,575 325,345 1,997,271 943,747 13,524,973

2,143,719 332,095 2,107,384 1,022,299 14,950,202

2,277,004 353,349 2,250,444 1,118,485 16,549,206

2,411,292 396,775 2,400,827 1,209,522 18,305,943

Colorado ............................. Connecticut......................... Delaware............................. District of Columbia ............ Florida.................................

561,552 281,581 135,164 71,245 1,071,754

809,621 439,397 202,331 79,922 1,638,227

1,258,356 673,182 325,838 96,411 2,657,553

1,604,656 883,759 413,692 98,041 3,234,938

1,705,832 911,255 429,293 101,839 3,390,561

1,786,774 928,747 455,194 91,957 3,638,284

1,945,537 995,683 487,107 68,669 3,895,763

2,022,100 1,061,353 520,014 82,721 4,244,904

2,098,281 1,198,363 544,439 81,390 4,545,842

2,280,930 1,218,821 545,645 91,099 4,992,475

Georgia............................... Hawaii ................................. Idaho................................... Illinois.................................. Indiana................................

628,939 202,154 141,296 1,487,123 771,564

1,046,341 282,058 202,736 2,152,955 1,183,098

1,617,020 454,880 303,224 2,979,768 1,842,610

2,277,756 590,389 395,733 3,583,012 2,196,013

2,366,561 569,448 428,068 3,794,018 2,300,841

2,558,514 580,744 445,369 3,974,499 2,444,413

2,771,965 621,595 467,873 4,174,159 2,566,025

2,911,113 619,690 513,240 4,426,248 2,692,360

3,307,923 623,915 535,078 4,691,497 2,856,862

3,615,137 679,041 587,247 5,040,293 3,032,769

Iowa .................................... Kansas................................ Kentucky ............................. Louisiana ............................ Maine..................................

512,205 461,979 527,235 557,825 127,983

736,894 660,995 737,101 810,479 183,349

1,172,328 928,772 1,112,190 1,135,955 308,699

1,392,753 1,196,211 1,321,523 1,449,305 343,665

1,459,013 1,244,531 1,419,040 1,570,429 360,331

1,518,118 1,281,762 1,551,033 1,651,304 380,156

1,615,935 1,367,841 1,630,119 1,731,835 390,584

1,693,895 1,473,238 1,788,799 1,854,505 420,791

1,789,004 1,579,598 1,974,482 1,953,126 449,117

1,909,848 1,659,330 2,123,064 2,043,645 485,566

Maryland............................. Massachusetts.................... Michigan ............................. Minnesota ........................... Mississippi ..........................

604,419 441,068 1,610,016 667,119 409,942

911,562 779,341 2,278,217 1,023,324 542,022

1,443,669 1,122,629 3,325,625 1,563,054 756,492

1,737,204 1,400,824 4,042,460 2,068,280 1,049,356

1,878,053 1,476,589 4,306,553 2,076,375 1,111,120

2,017,888 1,562,825 4,502,657 2,183,151 1,136,217

2,179,292 1,719,631 4,724,680 2,368,748 1,248,177

2,251,347 1,777,119 4,992,712 2,516,599 1,379,388

2,596,770 1,922,321 5,343,081 2,637,556 1,536,840

2,781,822 2,119,517 5,746,572 2,802,651 1,588,438

Missouri .............................. Montana.............................. Nebraska ............................ Nevada ............................... New Hampshire ..................

553,793 99,990 286,122 105,177 104,285

802,936 148,099 397,523 163,714 143,191

1,155,531 210,813 600,224 301,487 229,360

1,456,516 322,880 727,977 402,097 304,474

1,566,489 350,086 753,703 459,599 316,456

1,691,270 386,562 788,822 488,685 324,076

1,818,890 391,181 826,605 526,507 340,758

1,938,643 408,078 895,091 572,423 354,291

2,038,897 438,668 930,495 622,883 380,788

2,225,375 479,071 994,155 677,192 406,806

New Jersey ......................... New Mexico ........................ New York............................. North Carolina .................... North Dakota ......................

735,097 278,960 2,249,821 971,928 151,372

1,140,310 393,151 3,238,773 1,527,535 228,609

1,875,481 671,206 4,680,376 2,227,060 292,978

2,363,439 899,545 5,799,931 2,849,310 361,276

2,461,249 953,396 5,630,108 2,881,827 372,051

2,533,747 985,558 5,713,257 3,080,391 381,349

2,627,961 1,027,034 5,950,196 3,289,339 397,021

2,795,026 1,093,374 5,908,907 3,542,330 408,849

2,996,834 1,155,772 6,371,063 3,787,462 414,035

3,192,725 1,263,713 10,686,388 4,129,879 441,745

Ohio .................................... Oklahoma ........................... Oregon................................ Pennsylvania....................... Rhode Island ......................

1,327,483 404,178 497,593 1,231,502 138,965

2,019,351 594,561 672,175 1,814,384 185,215

3,046,603 830,929 996,887 2,737,817 251,992

3,616,901 996,963 1,281,381 3,439,340 297,597

3,774,974 1,037,701 1,351,507 3,562,793 306,825

3,873,433 1,139,724 1,486,678 3,646,801 318,710

4,109,766 1,236,772 1,565,280 3,863,724 327,202

4,328,462 1,335,929 1,675,772 4,107,792 350,697

4,603,159 1,433,937 1,826,458 4,400,378 368,113

4,941,079 1,538,080 1,962,882 4,699,431 390,828

South Carolina.................... South Dakota ...................... Tennessee .......................... Texas .................................. Utah ....................................

481,737 108,632 515,578 2,278,337 320,278

741,740 130,825 865,946 3,674,109 503,557

1,065,867 173,396 1,231,619 5,105,246 730,496

1,310,645 222,811 1,581,929 6,643,734 991,014

1,369,352 258,488 1,627,212 7,026,170 1,073,017

1,462,262 261,558 1,671,134 7,394,605 1,146,939

1,580,666 283,557 1,714,071 7,757,269 1,231,532

1,680,470 299,020 1,861,231 8,191,952 1,404,696

1,869,656 316,193 1,955,029 9,055,432 1,484,168

1,949,359 336,906 2,098,364 10,099,991 1,575,810

Vermont .............................. Virginia................................ Washington......................... West Virginia....................... Wisconsin ........................... Wyoming.............................

101,539 796,616 837,281 228,755 998,862 111,170

157,266 1,241,534 1,143,285 310,142 1,438,918 171,335

238,512 1,852,416 1,757,053 459,984 2,057,786 204,028

279,882 2,248,402 2,211,588 579,349 2,437,859 254,469

292,072 2,282,078 2,308,241 622,712 2,513,244 251,339

308,235 2,472,071 2,437,310 642,896 2,585,549 253,867

316,435 2,611,639 2,550,318 647,584 2,830,557 260,114

333,975 2,773,374 2,721,736 688,008 2,980,108 271,901

370,007 2,998,532 2,954,648 732,479 3,217,057 287,765

376,869 3,223,168 3,259,061 781,737 3,498,903 307,712

U.S. Service Schools ..........

555,447

805,892

1,030,399

1,181,234

1,247,093

1,259,138

889,749

874,411

884,669

1,007,248

State or jurisdiction 1

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 557 Expenditures

Table 344. Educational and general expenditures of public degree-granting institutions, by state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1980–81 through 2000–01—Continued [In thousands of dollars] Institutions of higher education State or jurisdiction 1 Other jurisdictions American Samoa ................ Federated States of Micronesia .................... Guam.................................. Marshall Islands.................. Northern Marianas ............. Palau................................... Puerto Rico......................... Trust Territory of the Pacific Virgin Islands ......................

Degree-granting institutions

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–991

1999–2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

253,820

421,500

498,958

700,528

777,274

832,461

876,605

890,343

922,802

993,234

1,609

1,092

3,187

3,483

14,909

6,237

7,385

6,996

6,725

3,408

† 15,582 † † † 224,988 1,320 10,322

† 29,916 † 1,328 † 367,523 5,992 15,649

3,302 55,641 † 2,472 3,277 378,352 † 52,726

4,589 77,783 1,183 12,305 3,156 567,140 † 30,889

7,965 65,258 1,226 14,989 3,332 637,571 † 32,024

6,844 65,965 1,497 16,393 3,377 701,227 † 30,922

6,418 70,448 1,701 16,536 3,518 740,982 † 29,616

6,716 70,356 3,041 13,557 4,037 750,522 † 35,118

8,473 70,409 3,327 14,759 3,558 781,325 † 34,226

10,275 72,398 1,425 342 3,910 856,197 † 45,279

†Not applicable. 1 Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.) NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associ-

2000–01

ate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education” surveys, 1980–81 and 1985–86; and 1990–91 through 2000–01 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY90–99), and Spring 2001 and Spring 2002. (This table was prepared October 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 345. Voluntary support for degree-granting institutions, by source and purpose of support: Selected years, 1959–60 through 2003–04 [In millions of current dollars] Source and purpose of support 1

1959–60

1965–66

1970–71

1975–76

1980–81

1985–86

1990–91

1993–94

1994–95

1995–96

1996–97

1997–98

1998–99 1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

Total voluntary support1

$815

$1,440

$1,860

$2,410

$4,230

$7,400

$10,200

$12,350

$12,750

$14,250

$16,000

$18,400

$20,400

$23,200

$24,200

$23,900

$23,600

$24,400

Sources Alumni................................. Nonalumni individuals......... Corporations ....................... Foundations ........................ Religious organizations....... Other...................................

191 194 130 163 80 57

310 350 230 357 108 85

458 495 259 418 104 126

588 569 379 549 130 195

1,049 1,007 778 922 140 334

1,825 1,781 1,702 1,363 211 518

2,680 2,310 2,230 2,030 240 710

3,410 2,800 2,510 2,540 240 850

3,600 2,940 2,560 2,460 250 940

4,040 3,400 2,800 2,815 255 940

4,650 3,850 3,050 3,200 250 1,000

5,500 4,500 3,250 3,800 300 1,050

5,930 4,810 3,610 4,530 330 1,190

6,800 5,420 4,150 5,080 370 1,380

6,830 5,200 4,350 6,000 370 1,450

5,900 5,400 4,370 6,300 360 1,570

6,570 4,280 4,250 6,600 360 1,540

6,700 5,200 4,400 6,200 350 1,550

Purpose Current operations .............. Capital purposes.................

385 430

675 765

1,050 810

1,480 930

2,590 1,640

4,022 3,378

5,830 4,370

6,710 5,640

7,230 5,520

7,850 6,400

8,500 7,500

9,000 9,400

9,900 10,500

11,270 11,930

12,200 12,000

12,400 11,500

12,900 10,700

13,600 10,800

Voluntary support as a percent of total expenditures2 ........

14.6

11.5

8.0

6.2

6.6

7.6

7.0

7.1

7.0

7.5

8.0

8.8

9.3

9.8

9.3

8.5

8.0

7.7

1 Data 2Total

are based on sample surveys of colleges and universities. expenditures include current-fund expenditures and additions to plant value. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: Council for Aid to Education, “Voluntary Support of Education,” selected years, 1959–60 through 2003–04. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS),

1965–66 through 1985–86; and 1990–91 through 2002–03; Financial Statistics of Integrated Institutions of Higher Education, 1959–60; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY87–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004; and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

558 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Expenditures

_

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 559 Expenditures

Table 346. Total expenditures of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 1996–97 through 2002–03

Year and type of institution 1

Total expenditures

Instruction

2

3

Research

Public service

Academic support

Student services

4

5

6

7

Net grant aid to students2

9

10

Institutional Auxiliary support enterprises1 8

Hospitals

Independent operations

Other

11

12

13

In thousands of current dollars All institutions 1996–97.............................. $67,399,563 $21,126,357 1997–98.............................. 69,300,699 23,404,428 1998–993 ............................ 75,516,696 25,181,848 1999–2000.......................... 80,613,037 26,012,599 2000–01.............................. 85,625,016 27,607,324 2001–02.............................. 92,192,297 29,689,041 2002–03.............................. 99,757,733 32,062,218

$6,702,520 7,267,877 7,779,001 8,381,926 9,025,739 10,035,480 11,079,532

$1,621,583 1,672,991 1,521,440 1,446,958 1,473,292 1,665,884 1,878,380

$4,942,411 5,738,254 6,349,076 6,510,951 7,368,263 7,802,637 8,156,688

$4,430,241 4,903,988 5,295,059 5,688,499 6,117,195 6,573,185 7,096,223

$8,226,648 9,138,895 9,901,658 10,585,850 11,434,074 12,068,120 13,158,794

$7,079,116 7,698,614 8,027,492 8,300,021 9,010,853 9,515,829 9,938,658

$1,529,456 1,297,749 1,222,565 1,180,882 1,176,160 1,188,690 1,187,285

— $6,395,808 7,258,939 7,355,110 7,255,376 7,633,043 7,586,208

4-year 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

66,668,808 68,677,274 74,805,484 79,699,659 85,048,123 91,612,337 99,146,893

20,922,069 23,164,693 24,823,398 25,744,199 27,413,897 29,492,583 31,866,310

6,701,053 7,267,228 7,778,900 8,376,568 9,019,966 10,035,394 11,079,332

1,616,019 1,669,650 1,513,641 1,438,544 1,467,325 1,658,781 1,871,274

4,902,188 5,704,216 6,308,251 6,476,338 7,333,851 7,768,870 8,122,181

4,294,812 4,817,585 5,224,455 5,590,978 6,036,478 6,497,127 7,014,149

8,095,791 8,988,203 9,766,020 10,398,914 11,292,310 11,914,149 12,997,886

7,011,791 7,621,887 7,957,265 8,228,409 8,957,973 9,470,557 9,879,117

1,502,866 1,276,848 1,198,516 1,162,570 1,160,660 1,173,725 1,174,881

— 6,395,610 7,257,021 7,355,110 7,253,479 7,632,942 7,586,208

— 1,771,355 2,978,017 2,752,019 3,133,099 3,396,831 3,854,471

11,622,219 — — 2,176,011 1,979,086 2,571,376 3,701,085

2-year 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

730,755 623,424 711,212 913,378 576,893 579,960 610,840

204,288 239,735 358,450 268,400 193,428 196,459 195,909

1,467 649 101 5,358 5,772 86 200

5,564 3,341 7,799 8,415 5,967 7,102 7,106

40,223 34,038 40,826 34,612 34,412 33,767 34,506

135,429 86,403 70,603 97,521 80,717 76,058 82,074

130,857 150,692 135,638 186,936 141,764 153,971 160,908

67,324 76,726 70,226 71,612 52,880 45,271 59,541

26,590 20,901 24,049 18,311 15,500 14,965 12,404

— 198 1,917 0 1,896 100 0

— 10,740 1,602 1,660 1,510 1,147 25,265

119,013 — — 220,553 43,046 51,033 32,926

— $11,741,232 $1,782,095 — 2,979,619 — 2,753,679 2,396,563 3,134,609 2,022,132 3,397,979 2,622,409 3,879,736 3,734,011

Percentage distribution All institutions 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

31.34 33.77 33.35 32.27 32.24 32.20 32.14

9.94 10.49 10.30 10.40 10.54 10.89 11.11

2.41 2.41 2.01 1.79 1.72 1.81 1.88

7.33 8.28 8.41 8.08 8.61 8.46 8.18

6.57 7.08 7.01 7.06 7.14 7.13 7.11

12.21 13.19 13.11 13.13 13.35 13.09 13.19

10.50 11.11 10.63 10.30 10.52 10.32 9.96

2.27 1.87 1.62 1.46 1.37 1.29 1.19

— 9.23 9.61 9.12 8.47 8.28 7.60

— 2.57 3.95 3.42 3.66 3.69 3.89

17.42 — — 2.97 2.36 2.84 3.74

4-year 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

31.38 33.73 33.18 32.30 32.23 32.19 32.14

10.05 10.58 10.40 10.51 10.61 10.95 11.17

2.42 2.43 2.02 1.80 1.73 1.81 1.89

7.35 8.31 8.43 8.13 8.62 8.48 8.19

6.44 7.01 6.98 7.02 7.10 7.09 7.07

12.14 13.09 13.06 13.05 13.28 13.00 13.11

10.52 11.10 10.64 10.32 10.53 10.34 9.96

2.25 1.86 1.60 1.46 1.36 1.28 1.18

— 9.31 9.70 9.23 8.53 8.33 7.65

— 2.58 3.98 3.45 3.68 3.71 3.89

17.43 — — 2.73 2.33 2.81 3.73

2-year 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

27.96 38.45 50.40 29.39 33.53 33.87 32.07

0.20 0.10 0.01 0.59 1.00 0.01 0.03

0.76 0.54 1.10 0.92 1.03 1.22 1.16

5.50 5.46 5.74 3.79 5.96 5.82 5.65

18.53 13.86 9.93 10.68 13.99 13.11 13.44

17.91 24.17 19.07 20.47 24.57 26.55 26.34

9.21 12.31 9.87 7.84 9.17 7.81 9.75

3.64 3.35 3.38 2.00 2.69 2.58 2.03

— 0.03 0.27 0.00 0.33 0.02 0.00

— 1.72 0.23 0.18 0.26 0.20 4.14

16.29 — — 24.15 7.46 8.80 5.39

$633 529 490 465 454 449 434

— $2,609 2,912 2,897 2,802 2,885 2,774

— $727 1,195 1,085 1,211 1,284 1,419

$4,857 — — 944 781 991 1,366

Expenditure per full-time-equivalent student in current dollars All institutions 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

$27,880 28,270 30,291 31,751 33,069 34,841 36,482

$8,739 9,547 10,101 10,246 10,662 11,220 11,725

$2,772 2,965 3,120 3,301 3,486 3,793 4,052

$671 682 610 570 569 630 687

$2,044 2,341 2,547 2,564 2,846 2,949 2,983

$1,833 2,000 2,124 2,241 2,363 2,484 2,595

$3,403 3,728 3,972 4,169 4,416 4,561 4,812

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

$2,928 3,141 3,220 3,269 3,480 3,596 3,635

560 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Expenditures

Table 346. Total expenditures of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 1996–97 through 2002–03—Continued

Year and type of institution 1

Total expenditures

Instruction

Research

Public service

Academic support

Student services

Institutional Auxiliary support enterprises1

Net grant aid to students2

Hospitals

Independent operations

Other

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

4-year 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

28,327 28,740 30,706 32,064 33,359 35,139 36,746

8,890 9,694 10,189 10,357 10,753 11,312 11,810

2,847 3,041 3,193 3,370 3,538 3,849 4,106

687 699 621 579 576 636 694

2,083 2,387 2,589 2,605 2,877 2,980 3,010

1,825 2,016 2,145 2,249 2,368 2,492 2,600

3,440 3,761 4,009 4,184 4,429 4,570 4,817

2,979 3,190 3,266 3,310 3,514 3,633 3,661

639 534 492 468 455 450 435

— 2,676 2,979 2,959 2,845 2,928 2,812

— 741 1,222 1,107 1,229 1,303 1,429

4,938 — — 875 776 986 1,372

2-year 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

11,426 10,094 12,514 17,148 14,494 14,890 16,846

3,194 3,882 6,307 5,039 4,860 5,044 5,403

23 11 2 101 145 2 6

87 54 137 158 150 182 196

629 551 718 650 865 867 952

2,118 1,399 1,242 1,831 2,028 1,953 2,263

2,046 2,440 2,387 3,510 3,562 3,953 4,438

1,053 1,242 1,236 1,345 1,329 1,162 1,642

416 338 423 344 389 384 342

— 3 34 0 48 3 0

— 174 28 31 38 29 697

1,861 — — 4,141 1,081 1,310 908

Expenditure per full-time-equivalent student in constant 2004–05 dollars4 All institutions 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

$33,631 33,505 35,289 35,952 36,205 37,481 38,402

$10,542 11,315 11,768 11,601 11,673 12,070 12,342

$3,344 3,514 3,635 3,738 3,816 4,080 4,265

$809 809 711 645 623 677 723

$2,466 2,774 2,967 2,904 3,116 3,172 3,140

$2,211 2,371 2,474 2,537 2,587 2,672 2,732

$4,105 4,418 4,627 4,721 4,835 4,906 5,066

$3,532 3,722 3,751 3,702 3,810 3,869 3,826

$763 627 571 527 497 483 457

— $3,092 3,392 3,280 3,068 3,103 2,920

— $862 1,392 1,228 1,325 1,381 1,494

$5,859 — — 1,069 855 1,066 1,437

4-year 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

34,171 34,062 35,773 36,306 36,522 37,801 38,680

10,724 11,489 11,871 11,728 11,772 12,169 12,432

3,435 3,604 3,720 3,816 3,873 4,141 4,322

828 828 724 655 630 684 730

2,513 2,829 3,017 2,950 3,149 3,206 3,169

2,201 2,389 2,498 2,547 2,592 2,681 2,736

4,149 4,458 4,670 4,737 4,849 4,916 5,071

3,594 3,780 3,805 3,748 3,847 3,908 3,854

770 633 573 530 498 484 458

— 3,172 3,470 3,351 3,115 3,150 2,960

— 879 1,424 1,254 1,345 1,402 1,504

5,957 — — 991 850 1,061 1,444

2-year 1996–97.............................. 1997–98.............................. 1998–993 ............................ 1999–2000.......................... 2000–01.............................. 2001–02.............................. 2002–03..............................

13,784 11,963 14,579 19,417 15,868 16,018 17,732

3,853 4,600 7,348 5,706 5,320 5,426 5,687

28 12 2 114 159 2 6

105 64 160 179 164 196 206

759 653 837 736 947 933 1,002

2,554 1,658 1,447 2,073 2,220 2,101 2,383

2,468 2,892 2,780 3,974 3,899 4,253 4,671

1,270 1,472 1,440 1,522 1,454 1,250 1,728

502 401 493 389 426 413 360

— 4 39 0 52 3 0

— 206 33 35 42 32 733

2,245 — — 4,689 1,184 1,409 956

—Not available. 1Essentially self-supporting operations of institutions that furnish a service to students, faculty, or staff, such as residence halls and food services. 2Excludes tuition and fee allowances and agency transactions, such as student awards made from contributed funds or grant funds. 3 Data were imputed using alternative procedures. (See Guide to Sources for details.)

4Constant

dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1996–97 through 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:96–99) and “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY97–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 561 Expenditures _

Table 347. Total expenditures of private not-for-profit degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 2002–03

Type of institution 1

Total expenditures

Instruction

2

3

Research

Public service

Academic support

Student services

4

5

6

7

Net grant aid to students2

Hospitals

Independent operations

Other

9

10

11

12

13

$9,938,658

$1,187,285

$7,586,208

$3,879,736

$3,734,011

Institutional Auxiliary support enterprises1 8

In thousands of current dollars Total............................ $99,757,733 $32,062,218 $11,079,532 4-year.................................. Doctoral, extensive3 ........ Doctoral, intensive4 ......... Master’s5 ......................... Baccalaureate6 ............... Specialized institutions7 .. Art, music, or design ... Business and management ......... Engineering or technology............. Medical or other health Theological.................. Tribal8 .......................... Other specialized ........ 2-year.................................. Associate’s of arts........... Tribal8 ..............................

$1,878,380

$8,156,688

$7,096,223 $13,158,794

99,146,893 48,662,324 7,417,914 15,870,186 14,492,163 12,704,306 1,287,191

31,866,310 14,686,125 2,839,130 6,183,203 5,051,232 3,106,620 483,044

11,079,332 9,063,188 592,943 214,747 128,140 1,080,314 592

1,871,274 677,344 234,376 202,987 145,887 610,680 19,718

8,122,181 3,556,282 1,017,141 1,560,350 1,277,136 711,272 107,286

7,014,149 1,735,140 577,163 2,000,170 2,053,186 648,490 105,322

12,997,886 4,293,260 1,124,708 2,933,818 2,773,685 1,872,415 233,890

9,879,117 3,884,887 807,653 2,166,393 2,422,846 597,338 116,009

1,174,881 340,383 78,993 221,746 319,812 213,948 75,225

7,586,208 6,407,547 0 97,567 0 1,081,094 0

3,854,471 3,523,156 47,540 130,161 73,924 79,690 21,797

3,701,085 495,011 98,268 159,044 246,316 2,702,446 124,307

712,037

225,057

4,003

10,301

97,903

110,086

159,176

73,408

16,817

0

8,426

6,860

437,132 6,978,732 1,435,288 30,823 1,823,103 610,840 557,573 53,267

146,058 1,286,851 441,191 10,562 513,856 195,909 185,084 10,824

46,725 1,017,907 3,862 0 7,226 200 92 108

2,593 524,647 27,531 4,203 21,686 7,106 3,937 3,170

28,871 207,622 129,454 1,588 138,549 34,506 29,624 4,882

33,771 117,030 121,159 1,804 159,318 82,074 75,167 6,907

100,130 698,495 383,525 5,389 291,810 160,908 145,839 15,070

34,794 116,862 165,682 1,422 89,160 59,541 57,329 2,212

7,089 27,886 61,822 4,064 21,045 12,404 10,250 2,154

0 1,080,526 305 0 262 0 0 0

2,782 32,058 13,028 0 1,599 25,265 25,265 0

34,319 1,868,848 87,729 1,792 578,591 32,926 24,986 7,940

Percentage distribution Total............................

100.00

32.14

11.11

1.88

8.18

7.11

13.19

9.96

1.19

7.60

3.89

3.74

4-year.................................. Doctoral, extensive3 ........ Doctoral, intensive4 ......... Master’s5 ......................... Baccalaureate6 ............... Specialized institutions7 .. Art, music, or design ... Business and management ......... Engineering or technology............. Medical or other health Theological.................. Tribal8 .......................... Other specialized ........ 2-year.................................. Associate’s of arts........... Tribal8 ..............................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

32.14 30.18 38.27 38.96 34.85 24.45 37.53

11.17 18.62 7.99 1.35 0.88 8.50 0.05

1.89 1.39 3.16 1.28 1.01 4.81 1.53

8.19 7.31 13.71 9.83 8.81 5.60 8.33

7.07 3.57 7.78 12.60 14.17 5.10 8.18

13.11 8.82 15.16 18.49 19.14 14.74 18.17

9.96 7.98 10.89 13.65 16.72 4.70 9.01

1.18 0.70 1.06 1.40 2.21 1.68 5.84

7.65 13.17 0.00 0.61 0.00 8.51 0.00

3.89 7.24 0.64 0.82 0.51 0.63 1.69

3.73 1.02 1.32 1.00 1.70 21.27 9.66

100.00

31.61

0.56

1.45

13.75

15.46

22.36

10.31

2.36

0.00

1.18

0.96

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

33.41 18.44 30.74 34.27 28.19 32.07 33.19 20.32

10.69 14.59 0.27 0.00 0.40 0.03 0.02 0.20

0.59 7.52 1.92 13.64 1.19 1.16 0.71 5.95

6.60 2.98 9.02 5.15 7.60 5.65 5.31 9.17

7.73 1.68 8.44 5.85 8.74 13.44 13.48 12.97

22.91 10.01 26.72 17.48 16.01 26.34 26.16 28.29

7.96 1.67 11.54 4.61 4.89 9.75 10.28 4.15

1.62 0.40 4.31 13.18 1.15 2.03 1.84 4.04

0.00 15.48 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.64 0.46 0.91 0.00 0.09 4.14 4.53 0.00

7.85 26.78 6.11 5.81 31.74 5.39 4.48 14.91

Total............................

$36,482

$11,725

$4,052

$687

$2,983

$2,595

$4,812

$3,635

$434

$2,774

$1,419

$1,366

4-year.................................. Doctoral, extensive3 ........ Doctoral, intensive4 ......... Master’s5 ......................... Baccalaureate6 ............... Specialized institutions7 .. Art, music, or design ... Business and management ......... Engineering or technology............. Medical or other health Theological.................. Tribal8 .......................... Other specialized ........ 2-year.................................. Associate’s of arts........... Tribal8 ..............................

36,746 82,571 28,356 17,817 22,652 40,115 28,456

11,810 24,920 10,853 6,942 7,895 9,810 10,679

4,106 15,379 2,267 241 200 3,411 13

694 1,149 896 228 228 1,928 436

3,010 6,034 3,888 1,752 1,996 2,246 2,372

2,600 2,944 2,206 2,246 3,209 2,048 2,328

4,817 7,285 4,299 3,294 4,335 5,912 5,171

3,661 6,592 3,087 2,432 3,787 1,886 2,565

435 578 302 249 500 676 1,663

2,812 10,872 0 110 0 3,414 0

1,429 5,978 182 146 116 252 482

1,372 840 376 179 385 8,533 2,748

15,074

4,765

85

218

2,073

2,331

3,370

1,554

356

0

178

145

26,879 121,135 19,966 20,869 23,681 16,846 16,087 33,250

8,981 22,337 6,137 7,151 6,675 5,403 5,340 6,757

2,873 17,669 54 0 94 6 3 67

159 9,107 383 2,846 282 196 114 1,979

1,775 3,604 1,801 1,075 1,800 952 855 3,047

2,077 2,031 1,685 1,221 2,069 2,263 2,169 4,311

6,157 12,124 5,335 3,648 3,790 4,438 4,208 9,407

2,139 2,028 2,305 963 1,158 1,642 1,654 1,381

436 484 860 2,751 273 342 296 1,345

0 18,756 4 0 3 0 0 0

171 556 181 0 21 697 729 0

2,110 32,439 1,220 1,213 7,516 908 721 4,956

Expenditure per full-time-equivalent student

1

Essentially self-supporting operations of institutions that furnish a service to students, faculty, or staff, such as residence halls and food services. 2 Excludes tuition and fee allowances and agency transactions, such as student awards made from contributed funds or grant funds. 3Doctoral, extensive institutions are committed to graduate education through the doctorate, and award 50 or more doctor’s degrees per year across at least 15 disciplines. 4Doctoral, intensive institutions are committed to education through the doctorate, and award at least 10 doctor’s degrees per year across 3 or more disciplines or at least 20 doctor’s degrees overall. 5Master’s institutions offer a full range of baccalaureate programs and are committed to education through the master’s degree. They award at least 20 master’s degrees per year. 6 Baccalaureate institutions primarily emphasize undergraduate education.

7

Specialized 4-year institutions award degrees primarily in single fields of study, such as medicine, business, fine arts, theology, and engineering. Includes some institutions that have 4-year programs, but have not reported sufficient data to identify program category. Also includes institutions classified as 4-year under the IPEDS system, which had been classified as 2-year in the Carnegie system because they primarily award associate’s degrees. 8Tribally controlled colleges are located on reservations and are members of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2003 and Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

562 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Expenditures

Table 348. Total expenditures of private for-profit degree-granting institutions, by purpose and type of institution: 2001–02 and 2002–03

Type of institution 1

Total expenditures

Instruction

2

3

Research and public service

Student services, academic and institutional support

Auxiliary enterprises1

Net grant aid to students2

Other

4

5

6

7

8

In thousands of current dollars 2001–02 Total..............................................

$5,087,292

$1,517,389

$16,632

$2,977,225

$213,195

$23,283

$339,567

4-year.................................................... Doctoral, intensive3 ........................... Master’s4 ........................................... Baccalaureate5 ................................. Specialized institutions6 .................... Art, music, or design ..................... Business and management .......... Engineering or technology ............ Medical or other health ................. Other specialized .......................... 2-year....................................................

3,046,929 29,450 643,525 302,917 2,071,037 490,896 131,528 524,547 27,738 896,328 2,040,363

883,899 15,911 210,855 86,611 570,522 125,232 40,288 152,714 8,522 243,766 633,490

3,192 0 0 0 3,192 1,744 165 235 169 880 13,440

1,842,373 13,539 410,862 199,041 1,218,930 255,375 85,702 349,820 9,826 518,207 1,134,853

134,740 0 4,479 15,620 114,641 33,910 2,996 12,199 618 64,918 78,455

8,229 0 19 0 8,209 1,886 236 280 38 5,769 15,054

174,495 0 17,309 1,645 155,541 72,749 2,141 9,299 8,564 62,788 165,071

2002–03 Total..............................................

$6,112,791

$1,748,254

$17,987

$3,671,541

$240,598

$36,031

$398,380

4-year.................................................... Doctoral, intensive3 ........................... Master’s4 ........................................... Baccalaureate5 ................................. Specialized institutions6 .................... Art, music, or design ..................... Business and management .......... Engineering or technology ............ Medical or other health ................. Other specialized .......................... 2-year....................................................

3,757,141 40,223 806,712 345,908 2,564,298 647,383 197,333 537,187 36,742 1,145,653 2,355,650

1,030,999 15,455 252,245 87,113 676,186 149,318 51,397 162,729 11,630 301,113 717,255

5,339 0 0 0 5,339 2,218 177 215 186 2,543 12,648

2,338,711 24,767 525,138 239,179 1,549,627 357,050 138,888 354,609 14,349 684,730 1,332,830

153,746 0 8,019 16,959 128,768 43,650 4,271 10,541 539 69,768 86,853

14,813 0 198 0 14,615 5,538 277 147 1,054 7,599 21,218

213,534 0 21,113 2,658 189,763 89,609 2,323 8,947 8,984 79,901 184,846

Percentage distribution 2002–03 Total..............................................

100.00

28.60

0.29

60.06

3.94

0.59

6.52

4-year.................................................... Doctoral, intensive3 ........................... Master’s4 ........................................... Baccalaureate5 ................................. Specialized institutions6 .................... Art, music, or design ..................... Business and management .......... Engineering or technology ............ Medical or other health ................. Other specialized .......................... 2-year....................................................

100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

27.44 38.42 31.27 25.18 26.37 23.06 26.05 30.29 31.65 26.28 30.45

0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.34 0.09 0.04 0.51 0.22 0.54

62.25 61.58 65.10 69.15 60.43 55.15 70.38 66.01 39.05 59.77 56.58

4.09 0.00 0.99 4.90 5.02 6.74 2.16 1.96 1.47 6.09 3.69

0.39 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.57 0.86 0.14 0.03 2.87 0.66 0.90

5.68 0.00 2.62 0.77 7.40 13.84 1.18 1.67 24.45 6.97 7.85

Expenditure per full-time-equivalent student 2002–03 Total..............................................

$11,306

$3,233

$33

$6,791

$445

$67

$737

4-year.................................................... Doctoral, intensive3 ........................... Master’s4 ........................................... Baccalaureate5 ................................. Specialized institutions6 .................... Art, music, or design ..................... Business and management .......... Engineering or technology ............ Medical or other health ................. Other specialized .......................... 2-year....................................................

10,869 7,632 6,361 10,552 14,181 18,385 10,070 13,227 12,102 13,910 12,081

2,982 2,933 1,989 2,657 3,740 4,241 2,623 4,007 3,831 3,656 3,678

15 0 0 0 30 63 9 5 61 31 65

6,765 4,700 4,141 7,296 8,570 10,140 7,088 8,731 4,726 8,314 6,835

445 0 63 517 712 1,240 218 260 177 847 445

43 0 2 0 81 157 14 4 347 92 109

618 0 166 81 1,049 2,545 119 220 2,959 970 948

1Essentially

self-supporting operations of institutions that furnish a service to students, faculty, or staff, such as residence halls and food services. 2 Excludes tuition and fee allowances and agency transactions, such as student awards made from contributed funds or grant funds. 3 Doctoral, intensive institutions are committed to education through the doctorate, and award at least 10 doctor’s degrees per year across 3 or more disciplines or at least 20 doctor’s degrees overall. 4 Master’s institutions offer a full range of baccalaureate programs and are committed to education through the master’s degree. They award at least 20 master’s degrees per year. 5 Baccalaureate institutions primarily emphasize undergraduate education.

6Specialized

4-year institutions award degrees primarily in single fields of study, such as medicine, business, fine arts, theology, and engineering. Includes some institutions that have 4-year programs, but have not reported sufficient data to identify program category. Also includes institutions classified as 4-year under the IPEDS system, which had been classified as 2-year in the Carnegie system because they primarily award associate’s degrees. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2001–02 and 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2003 and Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 563 Expenditures

Table 349. Total expenditures of private not-for-profit and for-profit degree-granting institutions, by level and state or jurisdiction: 1996–97 through 2002–03 [In thousands of current dollars] Not-for-profit institutions

For-profit institutions 2002–03

State or jurisdiction

1996–97

1997–98

1998–99

1999–2000

2000–01

2001–02

Total

4-year

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States ................... $67,399,563 $69,300,699 $75,516,696 $80,613,037 $85,625,016 $92,192,297 $99,757,733 $99,146,893

$610,840

$5,087,292

$6,112,791

1

2-year

2001–02

2002–03

Alabama ................................... Alaska....................................... Arizona ..................................... Arkansas................................... California ..................................

303,786 15,033 73,447 151,209 6,952,432

351,948 10,202 117,603 160,182 5,740,704

366,326 16,663 129,980 164,307 7,417,634

393,465 19,042 143,698 230,860 7,871,651

400,987 19,106 160,787 197,313 8,682,192

419,872 19,823 162,471 213,645 9,588,524

435,190 20,561 182,548 216,809 10,268,563

428,948 20,561 179,106 215,496 10,137,881

6,242 † 3,441 1,313 130,682

35,639 4,109 462,998 8,418 836,835

40,885 3,975 606,684 8,815 970,021

Colorado ................................... Connecticut............................... Delaware................................... District of Columbia .................. Florida.......................................

293,573 1,688,760 36,143 2,542,826 1,683,998

303,769 1,792,100 37,647 2,492,285 1,776,443

335,298 1,894,898 43,320 2,641,207 1,905,829

376,887 2,094,981 52,533 2,267,409 2,031,623

399,613 2,193,752 56,670 2,230,368 2,247,374

430,242 2,343,067 62,625 2,387,245 2,472,362

450,245 2,517,664 70,783 2,530,695 2,695,985

447,119 2,513,285 68,300 2,530,695 2,681,075

3,126 4,379 2,484 † 14,909

180,798 22,009 † 78,861 399,232

202,309 24,930 † 96,971 555,859

Georgia..................................... Hawaii ....................................... Idaho......................................... Illinois........................................ Indiana......................................

1,857,238 112,706 101,342 4,520,613 1,105,549

2,289,149 111,103 104,558 4,720,747 1,125,545

2,508,080 122,340 110,393 5,130,189 1,246,522

2,635,438 209,135 118,150 5,668,566 1,343,315

2,795,105 138,660 130,256 5,910,538 1,425,665

2,946,777 146,050 139,029 6,188,489 1,525,312

3,188,042 152,348 147,022 6,304,076 1,612,609

3,165,206 152,348 147,022 6,293,535 1,599,669

22,836 † † 10,541 12,940

168,316 13,647 7,417 247,570 129,166

270,926 16,924 8,369 322,046 136,851

Iowa .......................................... Kansas...................................... Kentucky ................................... Louisiana .................................. Maine........................................

669,201 184,317 338,377 614,566 255,458

673,346 187,707 347,011 673,645 271,228

689,698 196,897 375,598 692,914 290,439

740,760 208,729 400,513 746,629 316,114

767,891 222,036 406,358 773,107 341,350

800,428 232,720 437,092 828,300 373,835

847,857 237,781 458,584 876,419 384,085

837,020 224,966 452,900 876,419 383,247

10,836 12,814 5,684 † 839

32,563 4,973 68,198 40,429 7,089

30,287 7,356 78,431 52,983 5,171

Maryland................................... Massachusetts.......................... Michigan ................................... Minnesota ................................. Mississippi ................................

1,897,904 6,378,048 924,441 807,941 129,996

1,994,345 6,845,932 901,576 874,507 130,497

2,113,725 7,218,867 936,454 930,959 136,859

2,205,880 7,591,344 995,384 1,004,427 150,123

2,410,284 8,187,834 1,065,100 1,093,937 156,292

2,725,616 8,831,619 1,134,361 1,164,763 158,464

3,019,626 9,506,793 1,206,723 1,157,173 167,822

3,018,157 9,487,775 1,204,114 1,137,542 167,822

1,469 19,018 2,609 19,631 †

21,577 27,453 35,959 180,115 4,156

25,306 44,673 37,532 216,771 5,363

Missouri .................................... Montana.................................... Nebraska .................................. Nevada ..................................... New Hampshire ........................

1,923,345 57,356 326,591 6,828 497,014

1,988,750 57,049 338,473 7,440 523,575

2,019,795 64,772 355,512 7,679 572,609

2,144,299 69,426 387,569 7,006 589,823

2,380,876 74,446 422,879 9,130 654,213

2,561,036 72,297 445,634 10,919 719,549

3,355,385 78,561 840,326 9,657 786,283

3,309,810 70,931 837,290 9,657 786,283

45,576 7,629 3,036 † †

134,260 † 14,214 34,788 36,832

126,696 † 14,444 43,598 37,787

New Jersey ............................... New Mexico .............................. New York................................... North Carolina .......................... North Dakota ............................

1,133,757 36,130 10,577,464 2,617,089 42,576

1,160,843 51,204 10,525,903 2,761,327 45,200

1,252,181 47,256 11,511,493 3,292,928 51,613

1,362,090 54,280 12,519,671 3,530,337 56,000

1,479,492 63,824 13,099,910 3,845,125 59,677

1,588,295 60,571 14,177,942 3,978,481 63,207

1,641,561 59,119 15,801,483 4,224,812 68,513

1,639,941 51,461 15,749,209 4,214,447 46,843

1,620 7,659 52,274 10,365 21,671

73,205 35,067 462,997 18,562 1,785

74,683 32,449 540,167 24,574 2,012

Ohio .......................................... Oklahoma ................................. Oregon...................................... Pennsylvania............................. Rhode Island ............................

1,791,534 310,567 362,663 6,417,195 669,548

1,912,254 323,212 398,742 6,952,322 696,398

2,017,835 319,214 424,420 7,219,858 737,297

2,211,035 338,276 456,683 7,590,629 828,715

2,368,824 360,772 447,516 7,841,530 897,056

2,530,980 363,611 473,270 8,397,080 978,710

2,637,737 370,604 487,996 8,894,900 1,062,719

2,627,753 370,604 487,996 8,791,678 1,062,719

9,984 † † 103,222 †

151,129 42,195 44,821 361,163 †

167,023 49,721 57,669 401,065 †

South Carolina.......................... South Dakota ............................ Tennessee ................................ Texas ........................................ Utah ..........................................

332,525 55,944 1,599,099 1,936,660 523,384

366,727 59,837 1,804,783 2,080,235 553,754

392,369 64,155 1,842,893 2,249,979 610,830

408,127 69,555 1,971,564 2,490,597 648,035

432,035 75,488 2,131,732 2,662,275 694,025

483,551 90,290 2,367,380 2,921,130 741,519

507,157 94,117 2,609,840 3,142,104 785,441

496,530 91,623 2,603,013 3,128,579 779,649

10,627 2,493 6,828 13,524 5,792

11,163 15,592 82,624 206,915 45,113

13,949 17,721 91,545 247,302 49,031

Vermont .................................... Virginia...................................... Washington............................... West Virginia............................. Wisconsin ................................. Wyoming...................................

299,844 786,696 484,063 160,524 812,263 †

306,150 833,774 492,504 160,681 865,782 †

333,738 891,622 544,781 162,994 913,475 †

347,293 944,905 600,315 170,653 999,502 †

369,832 1,000,236 594,393 185,101 1,062,053 †

382,794 1,057,465 639,129 194,652 1,160,074 †

400,154 1,109,551 674,622 201,085 1,258,006 †

383,096 1,109,551 674,622 201,085 1,252,317 †

17,058 † † † 5,689 †

26,474 122,616 74,081 17,841 24,364 31,965

24,224 158,870 84,366 19,713 28,456 36,289

Other jurisdictions ..........

347,011

372,019

413,323

431,216

456,532

494,476

680,257

671,583

8,673

46,898

58,180

Guam........................................ Puerto Rico...............................

† 347,011

† 372,019

† 413,323

† 431,216

† 456,532

1,160 493,316

1,161 679,096

1,161 670,422

† 8,673

† 46,898

† 58,180

†Not applicable. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1996–97 through 2002–03 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance

Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY97–99), and Spring 2001 through Spring 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

564 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Property _

y t r e po r Table P 350. Value of property and liabilities of degree-granting institutions: Selected years, 1899–1900 through 1995–96 [In thousands of current dollars] Property value at end of year Physical plant value Year 1

Total

Total

Land

Buildings

Equipment

Endowment (end of Endowment (end of year book value)1 year market value)1

Liabilities of plant funds

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Institutions of higher education 1899–1900.......................... 1909–10.............................. 1919–20.............................. 1929–30.............................. 1935–36..............................

$253,599 457,594 747,333 2,065,049 2,359,418

$253,599 457,594 747,333 2,065,049 2,359,418

— $92,359 128,922 304,114 334,085

— $297,153 495,920 1,490,014 1,636,722

— $68,082 122,491 270,921 388,611

2 $194,998

323,661 2 569,071 2 1,372,068 2 1,553,610

— — — — —

— — — — —

1937–38.............................. 1939–40.............................. 1941–42.............................. 1947–48.............................. 1949–50..............................

4,208,695 4,440,063 2,759,261 6,076,212 4,799,964

2,556,075 2,753,780 2,759,261 3,691,725 4,799,964

313,665 — — — —

1,811,309 — — — —

431,101 — — — —

1,652,620 1,686,283 2 1,766,664 2,384,487 2 2,601,223

— — — — —

— — — — —

1951–52.............................. 1953–54.............................. 1955–56.............................. 1957–58.............................. 1959–60..............................

9,241,725 10,717,082 12,561,046 15,770,197 18,870,628

6,373,195 7,523,193 8,858,907 11,124,489 13,548,548

— — 624,467 733,182 842,664

— — 3 6,697,648 3 8,540,429 3 10,472,478

— — 1,536,792 1,850,878 2,233,407

2,868,530 3,193,889 3,702,139 4,645,708 5,322,080

— — — — —

— — $894,383 1,444,602 1,964,306

1961–62.............................. 1963–64.............................. 1965–66.............................. 1967–68.............................. 1969–70..............................

22,761,193 28,232,362 35,274,597 — 52,930,923

16,681,844 21,279,346 26,851,273 34,506,348 42,093,580

1,009,294 1,292,691 1,758,901 2,062,545 3,076,751

3

20,653,028 26,673,826 31,865,179

2,772,457 3,525,788 4,439,344 5,769,977 7,151,649

6,079,349 6,953,016 8,423,324 — 10,837,343

— — $11,126,831 — 11,206,632

2,806,868 4,190,189 6,071,750 — 9,384,731

1970–71.............................. 1971–72.............................. 1972–73.............................. 1973–74.............................. 1974–75..............................

57,394,951 62,136,459 66,814,103 71,305,817 75,585,674

46,053,585 50,153,251 53,814,596 58,002,777 62,183,078

3,117,895 3,287,326 3,492,611 3,888,372 4,210,901

35,042,590 38,131,339 40,808,481 43,701,491 46,453,642

7,893,100 8,734,586 9,513,503 10,412,914 11,518,536

11,341,366 11,983,208 12,999,507 13,303,040 13,402,596

13,714,330 15,180,934 15,099,840 13,168,076 14,364,545

9,786,240 10,291,095 10,823,595 11,400,916 12,413,420

1975–76.............................. 1976–77.............................. 1977–78.............................. 1978–79.............................. 1979–80..............................

80,300,595 85,486,550 90,337,044 95,442,468 102,294,859

66,348,304 70,739,427 74,770,804 78,637,991 83,733,387

4,345,232 4,444,927 4,621,071 4,824,250 5,037,172

49,349,224 52,384,393 55,188,603 57,563,005 60,847,097

12,653,847 13,910,107 14,961,131 16,250,737 17,849,119

13,952,291 14,747,123 15,566,240 16,804,477 18,561,472

15,488,265 16,304,553 16,840,129 18,158,634 20,743,045

12,687,015 13,068,341 13,437,861 13,712,648 14,181,991

1980–81.............................. 1981–82.............................. 1982–83.............................. 1983–84.............................. 1984–85..............................

109,701,242 117,601,954 127,345,302 137,141,741 148,163,096

88,760,567 94,516,512 100,992,841 107,640,113 114,763,986

5,212,453 5,402,339 5,889,080 6,109,746 6,236,159

64,158,017 67,794,877 71,519,718 75,220,765 79,133,998

19,390,097 21,319,297 23,584,042 26,309,602 29,393,829

20,940,675 23,085,442 26,352,461 29,501,629 33,399,110

23,465,001 24,415,245 32,691,133 32,975,610 39,916,361

14,794,669 15,487,618 16,749,900 18,277,315 22,105,712

1985–86.............................. 1986–87.............................. 1987–88.............................. 1988–89.............................. 1989–90..............................

160,959,517 — — — —

122,261,355 126,426,171 139,456,342 158,693,085 164,635,000

6,573,923 7,165,445 8,307,789 9,462,095 9,968,000

82,886,012 84,838,657 92,428,615 104,743,145 108,609,000

32,801,419 34,422,069 38,719,937 44,487,845 46,058,000

38,698,162 — — — —

50,280,775 56,585,153 57,391,814 64,155,247 67,978,726

25,699,408 — — — —

1990–91.............................. 1991–92.............................. 1992–93.............................. 1993–94.............................. 1994–95..............................

— — — — —

178,084,000 184,813,238 192,760,817 199,463,715 212,201,113

10,028,000 10,528,395 11,006,451 11,197,662 11,710,436

117,683,000 122,422,566 128,436,599 133,124,680 142,553,837

50,373,000 51,862,277 53,317,767 55,141,373 57,936,840

— — — — —

72,048,579 82,534,026 92,239,311 96,012,591 109,706,704

— — — — —

Degree-granting institutions 1995–96..............................

—

220,400,104

11,407,020

150,458,886

58,534,198

—

128,837,030

—

—Not available. 1 Includes funds functioning as endowment. 2Includes annuity funds. 3Includes improvements to land and equipment. These funds are included under appropriate categories after 1967–68. NOTE: Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2-year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associ-

12,900,093

3 16,460,867 3 3

2

ate’s or higher degrees. (See Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Annual Report of the Commissioner of Education, 1899–1900 and 1909–10; Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1919–20 through 1963–64; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), “Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education” surveys, 1965–66 through 1985–86; and 1986–87 through 1995–96 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Finance Survey” (IPEDS-F:FY87–96). (This table was prepared November 1998.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 565 Property _

Table 351. Endowment funds of the 120 colleges and universities with the largest amounts, by rank order: 2003 and 2004 Market value of endowment, as of June 30 (in thousands of dollars) Institution 1

Rank order1

2003

2004

One-year percent change2

2

3

4

5

$180,992,339 $208,667,975

15.3

120 institutions with the largest amounts in 2004..........................

Market value of endowment, as of June 30 (in thousands of dollars) Institution 1

Rank order1

2003

2004

One-year percent change2

2

3

4

5

Harvard University (MA) ............................. Yale University (CT) .................................... University of Texas System......................... Princeton University (NJ) ............................ Stanford University (CA) .............................

1 2 3 4 5

18,849,491 11,034,600 8,708,818 8,730,100 8,614,000

22,143,649 12,747,150 10,336,687 9,928,200 9,922,000

17.5 15.5 18.7 13.7 15.2

Princeton Theological Seminary (NJ)....... Lehigh University (PA) .............................. Berea College (KY) .................................. Syracuse University (NY) ......................... Carnegie Mellon University (PA)...............

61 62 63 64 65

717,000 705,426 695,812 656,893 654,678

801,193 796,946 794,963 770,167 768,990

11.7 13.0 14.2 17.2 17.5

Massachusetts Institute of Technology ....... University of California................................ Emory University (GA)................................ Columbia University (NY) ........................... Texas A&M University System3 ..................

6 7 8 9 10

5,133,613 4,368,911 4,019,766 4,343,151 3,802,712

5,865,212 4,767,466 4,535,587 4,493,085 4,373,047

14.3 9.1 12.8 3.5 15.0

Tufts University (MA) ................................ Michigan State University ......................... University of Florida3 ................................ University of Iowa3 .................................... George Washington University (DC) ........

66 67 68 69 70

669,286 592,004 585,695 638,993 634,100

752,428 749,365 738,299 737,704 733,801

12.4 26.6 26.1 15.4 15.7

University of Michigan................................. University of Pennsylvania.......................... Washington University (MO) ....................... Northwestern University (IL) ....................... University of Chicago (IL) ...........................

11 12 13 14 15

3,464,515 3,547,473 3,470,072 3,051,167 3,221,851

4,163,382 4,018,660 4,000,823 3,668,405 3,620,728

20.2 13.3 15.3 20.2 12.4

Saint Louis University (MO)...................... University of Tulsa (OK)............................ University of Alabama System.................. Boston University (MA)............................. Tulane University (LA) ..............................

71 72 73 74 75

645,382 640,119 602,301 620,300 606,488

702,064 701,948 699,200 694,051 692,665

8.8 9.7 16.1 11.9 14.2

Duke University (NC) .................................. Rice University (TX).................................... Cornell University (NY) ............................... University of Notre Dame (IN)..................... University of Virginia ...................................

16 17 18 19 20

3,017,261 2,937,649 2,854,771 2,573,346 1,800,882

3,313,859 3,302,455 3,238,350 3,095,703 2,793,225

9.8 12.4 13.4 20.3 55.1

Georgetown University (DC)..................... Trinity University (TX) ............................... Baylor University (TX)............................... University of Tennessee System .............. Middlebury College (VT)...........................

76 77 78 79 80

591,042 593,973 556,785 592,194 536,386

680,611 673,572 672,341 666,085 664,781

15.2 13.4 20.8 12.5 23.9

Dartmouth College (NH)............................. University of Southern California ................ Vanderbilt University (TN)........................... Johns Hopkins University (MD) .................. Brown University (RI)..................................

21 22 23 24 25

2,121,183 2,113,666 2,019,139 1,714,541 1,461,327

2,454,293 2,399,960 2,296,262 2,055,542 1,647,295

15.7 13.5 13.7 19.9 12.7

University of Oklahoma3 ........................... University of Arkansas3 ............................ Vassar College (NY)................................. Oberlin College (OH)................................ University of California, Los Angeles3 ......

81 82 83 84 85

588,669 546,267 546,858 537,772 499,139

631,376 626,446 608,261 593,742 586,839

7.3 14.7 11.2 10.4 17.6

University of Minnesota3 ............................. Ohio State University3 ................................ New York University .................................... Case Western Reserve University (OH) ..... Rockefeller University (NY).........................

26 27 28 29 30

1,336,020 1,216,574 1,244,600 1,289,274 1,278,100

1,542,863 1,541,175 1,449,500 1,441,819 1,394,736

15.5 26.7 16.5 11.8 9.1

Berry College (GA)................................... Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (NY) ...... University of Louisville (KY)...................... Lafayette College (PA) .............................. University of Maryland System3 ...............

86 87 88 89 90

547,040 510,883 475,193 496,410 452,524

581,725 570,175 554,840 544,317 533,059

6.3 11.6 16.8 9.7 17.8

University of Pittsburgh (PA) ....................... University of NC, Chapel Hill3 ..................... University of Washington ............................ Grinnell College (IA) ................................... University of Rochester (NY) ......................

31 32 33 34 35

1,156,618 1,097,418 1,103,197 1,111,615 1,127,350

1,364,882 1,317,211 1,315,894 1,291,781 1,261,562

18.0 20.0 19.3 16.2 11.9

Wesleyan University (CT) ......................... Washington State University .................... Bowdoin College (ME).............................. Carleton College (MN).............................. University of Colorado3.............................

91 92 93 94 95

472,251 495,623 452,436 451,883 386,935

517,631 515,571 514,243 511,200 499,794

9.6 4.0 13.7 13.1 29.2

California Institute of Technology ................ Williams College (MA) ................................ Purdue University (IN) ................................ Wellesley College (MA) .............................. Boston College (MA) ..................................

36 37 38 39 40

1,151,148 1,082,336 1,056,767 1,043,476 968,511

1,261,122 1,229,516 1,207,131 1,179,988 1,150,148

9.6 13.6 14.2 13.1 18.8

Northeastern University (MA)................... University of Kentucky .............................. Macalester College (MN).......................... Hamilton College (NY).............................. Bryn Mawr College (PA) ...........................

96 97 98 99 100

410,691 412,308 435,732 405,890 418,502

498,481 488,827 487,010 486,477 478,452

21.4 18.6 11.8 19.9 14.3

Pomona College (CA)................................. University of Richmond (VA)....................... Swarthmore College (PA) ........................... University of Illinois3 ................................... Pennsylvania State University ....................

41 42 43 44 45

994,476 996,710 930,373 904,960 919,422

1,149,720 1,103,465 1,080,026 1,058,167 1,056,078

15.6 10.7 16.1 16.9 14.9

Washington and Lee University (VA) University of Georgia3 .............................. Rochester Institute of Technology (NY) .... University of Miami (FL)............................ Brandeis University (MA)..........................

101 102 103 104 105

416,855 397,082 412,907 411,618 407,824

477,504 474,596 472,363 472,262 467,727

14.5 19.5 14.4 14.7 14.7

Indiana University3...................................... Yeshiva University (NY) .............................. University of Delaware................................ University of Wisconsin3 ............................. Amherst College (MA) ................................

46 47 48 49 50

941,068 914,130 868,065 677,595 877,151

1,012,707 1,003,024 995,889 994,172 993,417

7.6 9.7 14.7 46.7 13.3

Colgate University (NY) ............................ Louisiana State University System ........... Rutgers University (NJ) ............................ Santa Clara University (CA) ..................... Denison University (OH)...........................

106 107 108 109 110

423,406 416,939 398,178 401,411 415,895

463,436 460,364 449,889 449,543 441,365

9.5 10.4 13.0 12.0 6.1

University of Cincinnati (OH) ...................... Baylor College of Medicine (TX) ................. University of Nebraska3 .............................. Smith College (MA) .................................... Southern Methodist University (TX)............

51 52 53 54 55

873,327 833,644 775,718 823,915 810,071

987,785 972,351 959,861 924,464 914,527

13.1 16.6 23.7 12.2 12.9

Pepperdine University (CA) ...................... Bucknell University (PA)............................ State University of New York/Buffalo3 ....... Drexel University (PA) ............................... Colorado College......................................

111 112 113 114 115

393,838 355,905 378,385 349,948 372,073

434,457 429,402 428,072 424,346 423,569

10.3 20.7 13.1 21.3 13.8

Texas Christian University........................... Kansas University Endowment Association University of Missouri System .................... Georgia Institute of Technology3 ................. Wake Forest University (NC) ......................

56 57 58 59 60

796,676 734,536 811,353 729,926 725,155

868,907 849,255 844,477 814,963 812,192

9.1 15.6 4.1 11.7 12.0

College of the Holy Cross (MA)................ Florida State University3 ........................... DePauw University (IN) ............................ College of William and Mary (VA)3 ........... University of Houston (TX) .......................

116 117 118 119 120

358,093 333,750 376,030 354,906 364,154

419,222 412,020 410,001 409,872 402,525

17.1 23.5 9.0 15.5 10.5

1 Institutions ranked by size of endowment in 2004. 2Change in market value of endowment. Includes growth

from gifts and returns on investments, as well as reductions from expenditures and withdrawals. 3 Includes foundations.

NOTE: Data include institutions participating in the comparative-performance study by the National Association of College and University Business Officers. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: National Association of College and University Business Officers, NACUBO Endowment Study, 2004. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

566 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Adult Education

dE

_

t l u dTable A 352. Participants in adult basic and secondary education programs, by type of program and state or jurisdiction: Selected fiscal years, 1990 through 2004 2003

2004

Type of program

State or jurisdiction 1

1990

2000

2002

Total

Adult basic education

English as a second language

Type of program Adult secondary education

Total

Adult basic education

English as a second language

Adult secondary education

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States ...................

3,535,970

3,306,687

2,729,158

2,679,927

1,056,591

1,170,273

453,063

2,627,618

1,044,111

1,168,897

414,610

Alabama ................................... Alaska....................................... Arizona ..................................... Arkansas................................... California ..................................

40,177 5,067 33,805 29,065 1,021,227

22,430 5,396 55,274 39,102 456,125

19,745 5,272 32,841 39,521 526,955

22,019 4,723 32,492 38,336 565,311

17,759 2,317 12,420 23,393 82,496

1,618 1,203 18,152 4,985 415,092

2,642 1,203 1,920 9,958 67,723

21,555 3,588 27,699 35,512 591,574

17,423 2,206 10,340 22,425 89,320

1,576 502 16,140 5,149 435,777

2,556 880 1,219 7,938 66,477

Colorado ................................... Connecticut............................... Delaware................................... District of Columbia .................. Florida.......................................

12,183 46,434 2,662 19,586 419,429

13,743 27,698 3,278 2,828 399,772

15,053 32,470 5,428 3,592 410,346

15,137 33,062 5,953 3,226 387,710

4,434 5,921 3,530 1,097 153,018

9,306 14,911 1,714 1,785 136,668

1,397 12,230 709 344 98,024

15,097 32,878 6,119 3,170 370,985

4,406 5,576 3,549 1,165 145,141

9,295 14,675 1,698 1,502 125,891

1,396 12,627 872 503 99,953

Georgia..................................... Hawaii ....................................... Idaho......................................... Illinois........................................ Indiana......................................

69,580 52,012 11,171 87,121 44,166

107,980 16,176 10,542 120,752 41,760

111,329 11,065 9,766 123,867 44,492

114,008 10,687 8,780 130,492 41,397

64,803 1,158 4,196 44,119 20,953

36,783 3,918 3,151 70,566 8,635

12,422 5,611 1,433 15,807 11,809

118,458 9,089 7,261 124,404 41,148

64,728 1,296 3,795 40,592 21,678

41,598 3,919 2,400 68,253 8,315

12,132 3,874 1,066 15,559 11,155

Iowa .......................................... Kansas...................................... Kentucky ................................... Louisiana .................................. Maine........................................

41,507 10,274 28,090 40,039 14,964

31,757 11,410 37,061 38,873 9,807

19,367 10,725 33,807 31,679 11,107

16,338 10,386 34,700 31,998 10,485

8,730 5,460 20,839 23,171 4,784

4,659 4,060 3,451 2,061 1,520

2,949 866 10,410 6,766 4,181

12,242 9,788 32,235 32,502 8,814

6,053 4,906 23,030 24,856 3,758

3,844 3,873 3,113 1,910 1,469

2,345 1,009 6,092 5,736 3,587

Maryland................................... Massachusetts.......................... Michigan ................................... Minnesota ................................. Mississippi ................................

41,230 34,220 194,178 45,648 18,957

27,556 24,565 86,218 517,693 40,370

30,463 24,488 75,988 42,853 35,345

30,082 21,337 70,893 43,864 36,614

13,590 6,917 27,541 12,703 27,455

11,689 12,273 21,900 24,985 1,570

4,803 2,147 21,452 6,176 7,589

30,304 21,578 48,273 44,220 26,467

12,712 7,471 24,281 12,196 21,304

12,020 11,888 13,301 25,729 834

5,572 2,219 10,691 6,295 4,329

Missouri .................................... Montana.................................... Nebraska .................................. Nevada ..................................... New Hampshire ........................

31,815 6,071 6,158 17,262 7,198

38,773 4,995 9,095 22,346 5,519

39,821 4,420 9,209 7,675 6,761

41,928 4,437 10,200 7,601 6,444

26,264 3,105 4,786 1,172 1,804

9,361 210 4,257 5,870 2,066

6,303 1,122 1,157 559 2,574

37,729 3,864 10,267 8,732 5,866

24,186 2,641 4,842 1,148 1,833

8,036 198 4,237 7,015 1,866

5,507 1,025 1,188 569 2,167

New Jersey ............................... New Mexico .............................. New York................................... North Carolina .......................... North Dakota ............................

64,080 30,236 156,611 109,740 3,587

44,712 29,197 194,028 154,786 1,964

38,973 21,461 182,294 112,601 2,205

42,465 21,587 138,184 108,431 2,145

12,416 11,489 50,172 58,747 1,356

25,467 7,961 75,975 29,080 252

4,582 2,137 12,037 20,604 537

41,803 22,842 165,618 110,185 2,154

12,918 12,383 63,755 60,695 1,321

24,497 8,466 90,305 29,646 263

4,388 1,993 11,558 19,844 570

Ohio .......................................... Oklahoma ................................. Oregon...................................... Pennsylvania............................. Rhode Island ............................

95,476 24,307 37,075 52,444 7,347

81,010 20,534 27,981 46,836 7,950

61,522 21,543 26,314 50,948 5,235

59,761 21,620 24,863 52,823 4,567

39,789 13,745 10,642 24,234 1,528

9,542 5,126 12,723 16,367 1,712

10,430 2,749 1,498 12,222 1,327

56,607 21,164 21,701 53,706 5,166

37,335 13,699 9,404 26,222 1,995

9,040 4,580 11,023 15,912 1,950

10,232 2,885 1,274 11,572 1,221

South Carolina.......................... South Dakota ............................ Tennessee ................................ Texas ........................................ Utah ..........................................

81,200 3,184 41,721 218,747 24,841

132,497 5,431 49,386 106,516 28,987

92,310 2,716 46,971 120,623 31,415

69,284 3,446 46,166 128,363 32,883

43,963 2,281 30,097 51,735 11,399

8,312 526 7,109 69,490 10,650

17,009 639 8,960 7,138 10,834

67,408 3,607 47,755 122,773 31,429

44,713 2,356 34,564 49,283 13,213

7,524 598 6,600 66,667 11,690

15,171 653 6,591 6,823 6,526

Vermont .................................... Virginia...................................... Washington............................... West Virginia............................. Wisconsin ................................. Wyoming................................... Other jurisdictions ..........

4,808 31,649 31,776 21,186 61,081 3,578 31,400

4,436 31,211 57,999 22,403 27,297 2,632 53,799

1,165 32,418 57,950 10,640 32,173 2,231 58,258

1,937 31,574 55,363 10,717 30,437 2,671 54,259

1,106 13,342 21,906 8,183 16,907 1,619 22,795

325 14,040 29,295 248 7,264 390 5,258

506 4,192 4,162 2,286 6,266 662 26,206

2,283 28,037 40,193 10,213 29,132 2,424 49,410

1,289 12,462 14,157 8,048 13,986 1,456 17,661

254 12,068 23,495 275 7,618 403 3,672

740 3,507 2,541 1,890 7,528 565 28,077

American Samoa ...................... Federated States of Micronesia Guam........................................ Marshall Islands........................ Northern Marianas ................... Palau......................................... Puerto Rico............................... Virgin Islands ............................

— — 1,311 — — — 28,436 1,653

— — 902 2,963 527 — 47,974 1,433

814 — 553 335 594 126 55,836 —

824 — 989 302 475 89 50,301 1,279

326 — 424 116 37 14 21,488 390

349 — 68 186 123 15 4,009 508

149 — 497 0 315 60 24,804 381

833 — 900 311 436 — 45,796 1,134

373 — 572 112 27 — 16,079 498

380 — 71 129 189 — 2,674 229

80 — 257 70 220 — 27,043 407

—Not available. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Vocational and Adult Education, Division of Adult Education and Literacy, “Adult Education Program Facts, Program Year 1990–1991,” and Enrollment and Participation in the State-Administered Adult Education

Program, selected years, 2000 through 2004. Retrieved on August 11, 2005, from http:// www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ovae/pi/AdultEd/aedatatables.html. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 353. Participation of employed persons, 17 years old and over, in career-related adult education during the previous 12 months, by selected characteristics of participants: 1995, 1999, and 2003 1995

Characteristic of employed persons 1

Percent of adults participating in career or jobrelated courses

1999

Number of career or job-related courses taken, per employee

2003

Percent of adults participating In career or jobrelated courses

In apprentice programs 5

Employed persons, in thousands

In career or jobrelated courses1

In apprentice programs

8

In less formal work-related learning activities

9

Number of career or job-related Number of career or courses taken, job-related courses in thousands taken, per employee1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

6

7

10

11

31.1

0.8

30.5

(1.14)

2.2

(0.41)

0.7

(0.03)

130,025

46.0

(0.70)

1.1

(0.14)

76.5

(0.70)

119,948

0.9

(0.02)

12

Sex Males ................................................. Females .............................................

29.0 33.4

0.7 0.9

28.3 32.9

(1.15) (1.14)

3.0 1.4

(0.45) (0.32)

0.6 0.8

(0.03) (0.03)

67,453 62,572

42.7 49.4

(1.15) (0.99)

1.6 0.6

(0.26) (0.11)

76.1 76.9

(0.94) (1.05)

54,870 65,078

0.8 1.0

(0.03) (0.03)

Age 17 to 24 years .................................... 25 to 29 years .................................... 30 to 34 years .................................... 35 to 39 years .................................... 40 to 44 years .................................... 45 to 49 years .................................... 50 to 54 years .................................... 55 to 59 years .................................... 60 to 64 years .................................... 65 and over ........................................ 65 to 69 years ................................ 70 years and over...........................

18.6 31.2 31.6 35.1 36.6 39.6 34.4 26.7 21.1 13.7 — —

0.4 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.4 — —

19.1 34.3 34.4 29.2 36.4 30.4 34.7 30.3 27.2 20.3 — —

(1.91) (2.44) (2.50) (2.15) (2.44) (2.42) (2.57) (2.83) (3.80) (4.21) (†) (†)

4.4 3.7 2.9 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.2 — —

(1.41) (0.93) (0.82) (0.52) (0.60) (0.75) (0.54) (0.56) (0.82) (0.25) (†) (†)

0.4 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.4 — —

(0.06) (0.08) (0.08) (0.07) (0.07) (0.06) (0.07) (0.08) (0.15) (0.08) (†) (†)

16,113 14,393 13,691 16,281 19,794 17,030 13,296 9,884 5,318 4,226 2,379 1,847

33.9 49.7 48.4 48.8 46.1 50.8 52.5 46.3 37.8 — 33.5 22.3

(2.31) (2.62) (2.50) (2.32) (2.23) (2.15) (2.21) (2.49) (2.63) (†) (3.42) (3.35)

2.6 2.4 1.6 0.5 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.1 — 0.6 #

(0.72) (0.74) (0.47) (0.23) (0.32) (0.11) (0.23) (0.19) (0.09) (†) (0.57) (†)

83.2 82.2 76.6 74.9 77.3 74.9 77.6 72.0 64.1 — 66.3 55.8

(1.51) (2.44) (2.20) (1.98) (1.97) (2.58) (2.04) (2.42) (3.07) (†) (3.73) (5.53)

8,777 13,059 12,823 15,841 18,055 18,360 16,305 9,990 4,198 2,541 1,679 862

0.5 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.8 — 0.7 0.5

(0.06) (0.05) (0.06) (0.06) (0.06) (0.06) (0.08) (0.06) (0.08) (†) (0.08) (0.09)

Racial/ethnic group White, non-Hispanic........................... Black, non-Hispanic ........................... Hispanic ............................................. Asian/Pacific Islander......................... American Indian/Alaska Native..........

33.2 26.2 18.1 25.5 34.0

0.8 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.9

32.8 28.1 16.4 32.8 29.5

(0.98) (2.34) (1.83) (4.84) (11.52)

1.7 4.1 4.3 # 6.8

(0.25) (1.27) (1.45) (†) (5.57)

0.6 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.7

(0.03) (0.07) (0.05) (0.15) (0.52)

94,603 13,513 15,694 4,056 760

48.5 43.4 31.8 50.4 40.0

(0.85) (2.19) (2.32) (4.77) (15.14)

1.1 0.8 1.1 0.6 3.1

(0.18) (0.31) (0.31) (0.51) (3.28)

78.5 75.2 66.3 78.1 55.0

(0.77) (1.98) (2.69) (4.89) (17.49)

92,576 12,385 9,356 3,393 498

1.0 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.7

(0.02) (0.06) (0.06) (0.09) (0.25)

Highest level of education completed Less than high school completion...... Eighth grade or less ....................... 9th to 12th grade, no completion.... High school completion...................... Some vocational/technical ................. Some college ..................................... Associate’s degree............................. Bachelor’s degree .............................. Some graduate work (or study).......... No degree ...................................... Master’s.......................................... Doctor’s .......................................... Professional ...................................

8.8 — — 20.9 32.3 29.9 39.2 44.6 50.2 44.3 50.5 40.4 67.6

0.1 — — 0.4 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.0 2.0

7.9 — — 21.4 28.7 29.0 39.7 43.8 46.8 54.2 45.3 34.4 67.6

(2.29) (†) (†) (1.45) (5.76) (1.78) (3.07) (2.01) (4.17) (4.94) (2.97) (4.79) (6.98)

2.5 — — 2.4 5.1 3.0 2.6 1.0 1.4 0.9 0.9 3.2 1.4

(1.66) (†) (†) (0.59) (3.23) (0.71) (0.90) (0.31) (1.02) (0.65) (0.45) (1.45) (1.42)

0.4 — — 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.7 1.9

(0.05) (†) (†) (0.03) (0.17) (0.06) (0.09) (0.06) (0.14) (0.14) (0.11) (0.12) (0.31)

15,070 4,753 10,318 34,412 4,372 26,448 8,851 24,024 16,849 2,466 9,834 1,727 2,822

— 9.9 16.3 33.2 41.7 45.6 54.5 64.2 71.5 68.3 73.4 58.9 75.3

(†) (3.11) (2.32) (1.39) (3.26) (1.83) (2.74) (1.42) (1.87) (4.90) (2.44) (6.15) (4.63)

— 0.2 1.7 1.0 3.9 1.7 1.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.7 # 0.5

(†) (0.19) (1.00) (0.23) (1.40) (0.45) (0.41) (0.13) (0.20) (0.12) (0.34) (†) (0.34)

— 49.4 56.2 68.7 83.2 78.4 82.3 86.6 90.2 86.7 92.7 84.3 88.2

(†) (5.57) (3.97) (1.79) (2.39) (1.42) (2.09) (1.35) (1.08) (2.76) (1.05) (5.91) (4.01)

3,000 668 2,332 19,407 4,299 23,294 9,966 31,875 28,107 3,984 17,108 2,457 4,558

— 0.1 0.2 0.6 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.6

(†) (0.05) (0.04) (0.03) (0.11) (0.05) (0.07) (0.05) (0.07) (0.15) (0.09) (0.25) (0.16)

Urbanicity Urban ................................................. Urban, inside urbanized area......... Urban, outside urbanized area....... Rural ..................................................

32.4 33.3 27.9 26.9

0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

31.5 31.2 32.9 27.1

(1.67) (0.99) (2.48) (1.74)

2.3 2.4 1.8 2.0

(0.49) (0.35) (0.64) (0.65)

0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6

(0.05) (0.03) (0.08) (0.05)

103,185 88,626 14,559 26,841

48.0 47.7 49.5 38.2

(0.75) (0.88) (2.19) (2.08)

1.1 1.2 0.6 1.2

(0.15) (0.17) (0.24) (0.42)

78.1 78.3 77.0 70.1

(0.72) (0.78) (2.21) (2.03)

99,576 85,210 14,366 20,373

1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8

(0.02) (0.02) (0.06) (0.05)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 567 Adult Education

2 Total...............................................

See notes at end of table.

4

Number of career or job-related courses taken, per employee

Percent of adults participating

1995

Characteristic of employed persons 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Occupation Executive, administrative, or managerial ................................... Engineers, surveyors, and architects Natural scientists and mathematicians............................ Social scientists and workers, lawyers Teachers, elementary/secondary....... Teachers, postsecondary ................... Physicians, dentists, veterinarians ..... Registered nurses, pharmacists ........ Writers, artists, entertainers, and athletes ........................................ Health technologists and technicians Technologists, except health .............. Marketing and sales occupations ...... Administrative support, including clerical.......................................... Service occupations........................... Agriculture, forestry, and fishing......... Mechanics and repairers ................... Construction and extractive occupations.................................. Precision production .......................... Production workers ............................ Transportation, material moving......... Handler, equipment, cleaners, helpers, and laborers ................... Miscellaneous occupations................ Annual household income $10,000 or less .................................. $5,000 or less ................................ $5,001 to $10,000 .......................... $10,001 to $15,000............................ $15,001 to $20,000............................ $20,001 to $25,000............................ $25,001 to $30,000............................ $30,001 to $40,000............................ $40,001 to $50,000............................ $50,001 to $75,000............................ More than $75,000.............................

1999

2003

Percent of adults participating

Percent of adults participating in career or jobrelated courses

Number of career or job-related courses taken, per employee

In career or jobrelated courses

2

3

4

42.9 44.2

1.2 1.1

40.6 52.1

(2.06) (6.96)

1.2 6.0

(0.41) (4.34)

59.7 59.5 53.9 41.6 68.6 72.8

1.7 1.8 1.5 1.0 2.0 2.2

46.0 56.9 52.1 35.6 65.2 72.2

(6.61) (5.66) (3.53) (5.85) (11.99) (5.04)

1.4 0.7 0.4 2.1 4.5 0.2

23.4 50.0 43.8 25.2

0.5 1.4 1.1 0.6

30.6 41.8 37.6 21.1

(6.21) (6.00) (4.87) (2.27)

30.8 22.6 12.4 29.1

0.7 0.6 0.3 0.7

27.4 21.0 12.2 15.0

18.6 25.6 14.8 15.8

0.3 0.6 0.3 0.3

11.7 38.8 12.6 — — 15.1 20.1 20.4 24.7 30.2 34.7 40.0 45.2

Percent of adults participating

In apprentice programs

Number of career or job-related courses taken, per employee

Employed persons, in thousands

In career or jobrelated courses1

In apprentice programs

In less formal work-related learning activities

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1.0 1.0

(0.07) (0.16)

15,613 2,376

61.7 66.8

(2.13) (4.60)

0.6 1.4

(0.31) (1.01)

85.9 92.0

(1.83) (2.49)

20,867 3,046

1.3 1.3

(0.06) (0.13)

(0.90) (0.65) (0.24) (1.30) (4.50) (0.17)

0.8 1.7 1.2 0.7 1.5 1.8

(0.14) (0.24) (0.11) (0.14) (0.50) (0.21)

2,405 2,875 7,102 1,731 1,049 3,309

60.7 77.7 76.5 65.7 88.5 84.9

(5.89) (3.90) (2.43) (5.63) (4.11) (2.80)

# 0.8 0.2 0.6 # 0.3

(†) (0.81) (0.10) (0.48) (†) (0.33)

93.4 87.5 88.7 94.4 96.1 90.2

(2.05) (3.02) (1.53) (2.28) (2.15) (3.12)

2,894 5,518 12,734 2,543 2,093 6,229

1.2 1.9 1.5 1.8 2.0 1.9

(0.13) (0.15) (0.19) (0.09) (0.24) (0.11)

2.5 5.2 4.0 1.7

(1.34) (3.48) (2.84) (0.73)

0.6 1.0 1.0 0.4

(0.18) (0.19) (0.15) (0.06)

2,820 2,581 5,371 15,258

35.1 59.4 51.9 38.7

(4.84) (6.12) (3.47) (2.36)

0.4 1.7 1.8 0.2

(0.30) (1.06) (0.72) (0.10)

69.4 84.6 84.4 79.0

(5.20) (4.18) (2.84) (2.39)

1,729 3,728 6,251 9,759

0.6 1.4 1.2 0.6

(0.11) (0.21) (0.14) (0.05)

(2.02) (2.15) (4.09) (3.40)

0.9 2.3 6.9 6.1

(0.32) (0.71) (6.56) (2.26)

0.6 0.5 0.2 0.3

(0.05) (0.07) (0.07) (0.09)

19,535 17,838 2,232 4,212

45.1 37.2 33.9 32.1

(2.20) (2.04) (6.19) (3.84)

0.4 1.0 1.6 3.6

(0.19) (0.25) (1.40) (1.32)

74.2 66.8 62.0 81.0

(2.29) (1.98) (6.22) (3.19)

15,201 13,773 1,172 2,819

0.8 0.8 0.5 0.7

(0.04) (0.06) (0.09) (0.11)

13.2 18.3 23.0 18.4

(3.16) (6.52) (3.17) (3.62)

6.0 11.9 2.4 1.6

(2.41) (5.25) (1.18) (0.95)

0.2 0.4 0.5 0.3

(0.06) (0.12) (0.08) (0.06)

6,470 1,702 8,044 4,657

22.1 22.5 27.6 25.8

(2.87) (6.15) (3.04) (3.39)

4.7 6.6 1.9 0.5

(1.72) (5.84) (0.66) (0.28)

65.9 70.5 63.6 59.5

(4.43) (9.38) (3.27) (4.27)

2,287 760 3,843 1,721

0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4

(0.06) (0.13) (0.07) (0.05)

0.2 1.0

6.8 14.2

(3.45) (4.62)

1.7 3.7

(1.35) (2.33)

0.2 0.3

(0.12) (0.08)

2,711 133

15.9 63.0

(4.27) (21.53)

1.4 #

(1.06) (†)

63.5 96.9

(7.07) (3.35)

784 198

0.3 1.5

(0.11) (0.61)

0.2 — — 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.3

9.5 — — 8.3 16.3 18.8 22.2 26.6 32.3 36.6 42.5

(3.09) (†) (†) (1.88) (2.75) (2.79) (2.73) (2.82) (2.34) (1.86) (1.79)

1.9 — — 2.5 1.9 4.4 2.7 2.3 2.6 2.5 1.2

(1.54) (†) (†) (1.69) (0.94) (2.12) (1.24) (0.95) (0.76) (0.59) (0.33)

0.2 — — 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0

(0.05) (†) (†) (0.03) (0.05) (0.08) (0.07) (0.07) (0.07) (0.06) (0.06)

4,812 1,829 2,983 5,718 5,160 6,373 7,165 15,835 12,653 31,465 40,844

— 19.4 17.5 20.1 22.7 29.4 27.7 40.4 47.9 49.3 60.5

(†) (4.50) (2.85) (3.00) (3.44) (2.73) (2.60) (2.43) (2.50) (1.57) (1.36)

— 1.8 0.4 0.2 1.1 0.9 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.7 0.8

(†) (1.26) (0.28) (0.18) (0.39) (0.53) (0.29) (0.37) (0.42) (0.38) (0.28)

— 70.9 61.6 70.4 61.7 64.1 70.5 71.9 76.9 75.9 85.5

(†) (5.79) (5.77) (3.46) (6.96) (3.38) (3.18) (2.34) (2.00) (1.39) (1.05)

1,408 570 838 1,679 1,937 3,402 3,721 12,740 11,985 31,471 51,604

— 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3

(†) (0.09) (0.04) (0.05) (0.07) (0.07) (0.07) (0.06) (0.07) (0.04) (0.04)

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Estimates are not directly comparable to 1995 and 1999 due to wording in questions.

Number of career or job-related Number of career or courses taken, job-related courses in thousands taken, per employee1 12

NOTE: Data do not include persons enrolled in high school or below. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Race/ ethnicity categories may not sum to totals because they do not include an “other” race/ethnicity category. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Adult Education Survey (AE-NHES:1995 and AE-NHES:1999) and Adult Education for Work-Related Reasons Survey (AEWR-NHES:2003) of the National Household Education Surveys Program. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

568 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Adult Education

Table 353. Participation of employed persons, 17 years old and over, in career-related adult education during the previous 12 months, by selected characteristics of participants: 1995, 1999, and 2003—Continued

_

Table 354. Participation of persons, 17 years old and over, in adult education during the previous 12 months, by selected characteristics of participants: Selected years, 1991 through 2003

Characteristic of participants 1

Percent participating in any program, 19911

Percent participating in any program, 1995

Percent participating in any program, 1999

In any program 5

2003 Percent participating

In English as a second language

6

In part-time postsecondary education

7

In career or jobrelated courses

8

In apprentice programs

9

In personal development courses

10

In less formal In career or jobwork-related related courses learning activities

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

3

33.0

40.2

44.5

(0.77)

46.4

(0.55)

0.9

(0.12)

1.2

(0.17)

4.4

(0.20)

29.7

(0.47)

1.3

(0.14)

21.3

(0.54)

11 33.2

(0.51)

12 58.3

(0.54)

13

Sex Males .................................................... Females ................................................

32.6 33.2

38.2 42.1

41.7 47.1

(1.15) (1.02)

43.1 49.5

(0.83) (0.78)

0.9 1.0

(0.19) (0.15)

1.5 0.9

(0.32) (0.11)

3.9 4.9

(0.28) (0.31)

29.0 30.4

(0.73) (0.67)

1.7 1.0

(0.22) (0.16)

16.3 25.9

(0.72) (0.71)

32.9 33.5

(0.90) (0.65)

62.2 54.8

(0.82) (0.82)

Age 17 to 24 years ....................................... 25 to 29 years ....................................... 30 to 34 years ....................................... 35 to 39 years ....................................... 40 to 44 years ....................................... 45 to 49 years ....................................... 50 to 54 years ....................................... 55 to 59 years ....................................... 60 to 64 years ....................................... 65 to 69 years ....................................... 70 years and over .................................

37.8 40.0 37.6 42.1 49.2 40.0 26.8 29.0 17.4 14.2 8.6

47.0 49.6 47.3 47.7 50.9 48.7 42.5 32.2 23.7 18.1 13.8

49.9 56.5 56.2 50.1 50.5 49.8 47.2 38.0 31.4 25.4 15.0

(2.34) (2.53) (2.57) (2.43) (2.43) (2.69) (2.51) (2.60) (2.83) (2.54) (1.38)

52.8 52.9 53.7 54.0 53.5 55.4 51.1 44.1 30.8 20.5 21.7

(2.04) (2.60) (2.18) (1.71) (1.88) (2.02) (2.22) (1.98) (2.18) (1.74) (1.37)

4.6 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.3 ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.81) (0.18) (0.27) (0.31) (0.18) (0.13) (0.57) (0.18) (†) (†) (†)

3.8 1.8 2.6 1.2 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.94) (0.42) (1.01) (0.38) (0.19) (0.16) (0.18) (0.09) (†) (†) (†)

11.6 9.6 6.2 4.3 3.5 3.5 2.3 1.4 0.4 0.2 0.1

(1.30) (1.13) (0.72) (0.66) (0.60) (0.48) (0.44) (0.42) (0.19) (0.13) (0.08)

22.4 35.3 35.0 40.7 41.1 42.8 39.8 30.1 15.7 7.0 3.0

(1.66) (2.09) (1.95) (1.68) (1.63) (1.95) (2.05) (1.75) (1.81) (0.93) (0.41)

2.9 3.1 2.3 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.5 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.77) (0.97) (0.57) (0.31) (0.39) (0.31) (0.21) (†) (†) (†) (†)

27.6 19.8 21.5 19.8 19.8 23.0 21.9 22.5 18.3 16.2 19.6

(1.58) (1.72) (1.64) (1.35) (0.58) (1.92) (1.57) (1.87) (1.76) (1.65) (1.36)

30.9 42.4 40.7 41.6 40.7 42.2 43.6 34.9 21.7 11.9 4.7

(1.92) (2.20) (2.09) (2.08) (1.88) (1.85) (1.89) (1.69) (1.44) (0.93) (0.47)

73.4 75.4 68.4 67.5 70.4 65.3 65.7 56.3 39.4 27.0 12.9

(1.66) (2.06) (2.22) (1.93) (1.95) (2.37) (1.99) (2.09) (2.13) (1.82) (0.94)

Racial/ethnic group White, non-Hispanic.............................. Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Asian/Pacific Islander............................ American Indian/Alaska Native.............

34.1 25.9 31.4 35.9 29.3

41.5 37.0 33.7 39.7 38.8

44.4 46.3 41.3 51.1 36.3

(0.89) (2.30) (2.51) (4.63) (9.16)

47.4 43.3 41.7 49.5 50.2

(0.59) (1.50) (2.28) (3.81) (8.28)

0.6 1.7 2.2 1.7 1.0

(0.13) (0.42) (0.51) (0.75) (0.58)

0.1 0.4 8.3 3.2 ‡

(0.05) (0.17) (1.41) (0.88) (†)

4.4 4.9 3.6 7.7 3.2

(0.25) (0.67) (0.52) (2.30) (2.06)

31.7 23.4 21.6 34.3 38.4

(0.54) (1.45) (1.22) (3.73) (7.66)

1.3 1.1 1.6 0.9 2.9

(0.17) (0.33) (0.50) (0.48) (2.21)

21.6 25.7 16.3 18.2 10.4

(0.59) (1.50) (1.58) (2.70) (4.01)

34.6 31.3 25.4 38.1 33.0

(0.63) (1.57) (1.74) (3.17) (9.26)

58.7 56.1 56.6 67.2 53.0

(0.57) (1.82) (2.00) (3.61) (10.44)

Highest level of education completed Eighth grade or less .............................. 9th to 12th grade, no completion .......... High school completion......................... Some vocational/technical .................... Some college ........................................ Associate’s degree................................ Bachelor’s degree ................................. Some graduate work (or study)............. No degree ......................................... Master’s............................................. Doctor’s ............................................. Professional ......................................

7.7 15.8 24.1 34.2 41.4 49.2 51.1 55.1 — — — —

10.0 20.2 30.7 41.9 49.3 56.1 56.9 59.9 62.2 59.1 54.0 65.9

14.7 25.6 34.8 41.1 51.1 56.6 60.3 63.6 64.7 65.7 53.1 72.5

(2.92) (2.55) (1.37) (3.97) (1.76) (2.93) (1.84) (1.96) (4.39) (2.64) (4.73) (5.75)

19.7 25.5 33.9 50.7 57.4 62.5 64.5 68.9 64.2 70.7 63.7 72.8

(2.84) (1.53) (1.07) (3.51) (1.29) (2.15) (1.39) (1.64) (3.54) (2.10) (3.98) (3.79)

1.6 4.1 0.3 1.6 1.0 0.2 † † † † † †

(0.45) (0.74) (0.11) (0.72) (0.39) (0.13) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

6.1 1.5 0.6 3.9 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.8 ‡ 0.5 3.2 ‡

(1.87) (0.45) (0.16) (1.27) (0.17) (0.35) (0.14) (0.44) (†) (0.29) (2.92) (†)

‡ 0.5 2.2 2.1 9.3 7.0 5.4 0.8 12.0 7.6 7.1 4.5

(†) (0.23) (0.28) (0.85) (0.82) (1.03) (0.56) (0.92) (2.34) (1.25) (2.34) (1.68)

3.8 10.2 19.7 30.8 34.6 46.1 48.6 53.4 49.2 55.7 41.1 61.9

(1.05) (1.02) (0.93) (2.81) (1.31) (2.24) (1.27) (1.51) (3.50) (2.07) (4.27) (4.36)

0.3 0.7 1.5 2.6 2.4 1.4 1.1 0.3 ‡ 0.3 ‡ ‡

(0.17) (0.24) (0.25) (0.90) (0.60) (0.44) (0.28) (0.11) (†) (0.16) (†) (†)

10.6 10.3 16.1 22.0 27.6 24.6 27.9 33.8 31.7 34.3 33.4 34.8

(2.37) (1.19) (0.88) (3.14) (1.28) (2.02) (1.31) (1.41) (3.24) (2.02) (4.30) (3.76)

4.1 13.8 23.7 28.4 35.6 44.3 52.3 58.2 57.6 58.5 48.7 64.0

(1.18) (1.41) (0.91) (2.25) (1.53) (2.19) (1.28) (1.58) (4.24) (2.09) (4.58) (4.21)

26.8 35.9 50.8 57.4 64.2 72.2 75.3 77.8 81.1 78.6 69.4 77.5

(2.85) (2.09) (1.19) (2.95) (1.23) (1.84) (1.36) (1.23) (2.91) (1.67) (4.55) (3.81)

Urbanicity Urban .................................................... Urban, inside urbanized area............ Urban, outside urbanized area.......... Rural .....................................................

34.5 — — 28.3

41.8 42.3 39.5 35.4

46.0 46.5 43.4 39.9

(0.88) (0.95) (2.23) (1.58)

48.0 49.3 41.6 41.6

(0.70) (0.78) (1.70) (1.17)

1.1 1.1 1.3 0.5

(0.15) (0.15) (0.56) (0.14)

1.5 1.7 0.7 0.1

(0.22) (0.25) (0.34) (0.04)

4.7 4.9 3.9 3.4

(0.22) (0.27) (0.53) (0.41)

30.5 31.3 26.3 27.5

(0.55) (0.63) (1.36) (1.03)

1.3 1.4 0.7 1.5

(0.18) (0.20) (0.29) (0.24)

22.4 23.1 19.1 18.0

(0.61) (0.66) (1.37) (0.96)

34.8 34.9 34.3 27.0

(0.58) (0.66) (1.62) (1.32)

60.2 60.6 57.7 51.4

(0.57) (0.63) (1.61) (1.56)

Labor force status In labor force ......................................... Employed .......................................... Unemployed ...................................... Not in labor force...................................

40.7 42.0 26.0 15.7

49.8 50.7 36.6 21.3

52.1 52.5 44.9 24.9

(0.94) (0.96) (4.60) (1.17)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

44.2 46.0 25.1 8.8

(0.68) (0.70) (2.31) (0.62)

74.6 76.5 54.6 22.3

(0.72) (0.70) (2.99) (0.85)

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 569 Adult Education

2 Total..................................................

See notes at end of table.

4

In basic education2

2001 Percent participating

2001

Characteristic of participants 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Occupation Executive, administrative, or managerial Engineers, surveyors, and architects .... Natural scientists and mathematicians Social scientists and workers, lawyers.. Teachers, elementary/secondary.......... Teachers, postsecondary ...................... Physicians, dentists, veterinarians ........ Registered nurses, pharmacists ........... Writers, artists, entertainers, and athletes ........................................... Health technologists and technicians Technologists, except health ................. Marketing and sales occupations ......... Administrative support, including clerical............................................. Service occupations.............................. Agriculture, forestry, and fishing............ Mechanics and repairers ...................... Construction and extractive occupations..................................... Precision production ............................. Production workers ............................... Transportation, material moving............ Handler, equipment, cleaners, helpers, and laborers.................................... Miscellaneous occupations................... Annual household income $5,000 or less ....................................... $5,001 to $10,000................................. $10,001 to $15,000............................... $15,001 to $20,000............................... $20,001 to $25,000............................... $25,001 to $30,000............................... $30,001 to $40,000............................... $40,001 to $50,000............................... $50,001 to $75,000............................... More than $75,000................................

2003

Percent participating

Percent participating

Percent participating in any program, 19911

Percent participating in any program, 1995

Percent participating in any program, 1999

In any program

2

3

4

5

49.3 62.6 48.2 55.6 55.0 45.5 67.1 59.6

55.8 65.5 72.3 76.6 54.8 76.7 71.1 86.7

57.0 79.8 60.5 79.3 66.5 78.4 79.8 85.4

(2.11) (6.01) (6.74) (4.35) (5.61) (3.11) (9.02) (4.10)

66.2 68.1 74.0 83.5 79.9 69.4 78.5 82.7

(1.61) (4.46) (4.46) (3.05) (2.95) (4.60) (6.38) (3.83)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

7.6 8.9 5.4 8.1 11.4 11.6 11.0 7.0

(0.88) (3.68) (1.78) (2.92) (1.65) (3.29) (4.55) (2.05)

54.3 53.5 60.6 76.6 70.4 53.0 69.5 78.7

(1.73) (4.89) (5.29) (3.80) (3.15) (5.92) (7.42) (3.84)

0.4 ‡ ‡ ‡ 0.2 ‡ ‡ ‡

(0.14) (†) (†) (†) (0.22) (†) (†) (†)

28.0 25.5 33.4 26.2 30.4 31.5 32.4 32.5

(1.69) (4.83) (4.38) (4.49) (2.50) (5.12) (5.43) (4.18)

60.4 61.4 58.5 76.4 73.8 64.6 86.5 84.8

(2.08) (4.72) (5.69) (3.57) (2.40) (5.55) (4.02) (2.73)

85.2 90.5 92.7 87.6 87.5 90.5 93.8 90.0

(1.76) (2.62) (2.11) (2.87) (1.53) (2.77) (2.69) (3.00)

42.9 68.6 55.4 34.4

49.9 74.8 64.3 44.2

50.0 66.9 59.6 44.4

(6.93) (6.16) (5.07) (2.73)

46.8 85.6 70.2 51.1

(6.03) (3.25) (3.32) (2.10)

‡ ‡ ‡ 1.4

(†) (†) (†) (0.59)

‡ ‡ ‡ 0.7

(†) (†) (†) (0.29)

4.5 10.8 11.9 4.0

(1.63) (3.08) (2.51) (0.83)

22.0 76.1 56.7 34.0

(3.89) (4.37) (3.54) (1.77)

3.1 2.1 1.0 1.0

(1.32) (1.21) (0.45) (0.31)

31.3 27.5 25.5 23.8

(5.85) (4.80) (2.98) (1.90)

34.7 59.1 50.1 36.4

(4.52) (5.89) (3.20) (2.18)

68.0 84.3 83.2 76.9

(4.84) (4.00) (2.69) (2.29)

29.9 25.2 14.3 32.1

51.7 46.5 26.4 47.6

50.1 50.9 34.3 42.2

(2.29) (2.74) (7.16) (5.44)

58.7 49.3 46.4 35.1

(1.72) (2.24) (6.80) (3.40)

0.9 2.7 ‡ ‡

(0.46) (0.72) (†) (†)

0.4 3.0 9.5 0.9

(0.15) (1.15) (6.11) (0.53)

7.3 4.5 6.0 1.5

(0.90) (0.66) (3.78) (0.76)

39.8 27.0 23.7 26.6

(1.67) (1.59) (6.19) (2.99)

1.0 1.1 ‡ 3.4

(0.25) (0.37) (†) (1.24)

25.6 19.4 21.0 6.9

(1.66) (1.53) (6.28) (1.42)

43.8 36.6 31.7 31.1

(2.04) (1.78) (5.94) (3.57)

73.0 66.1 65.1 79.0

(2.08) (1.89) (5.44) (3.51)

21.9 31.2 21.1 20.7

38.0 43.0 30.7 28.4

34.5 38.3 38.0 33.3

(4.78) (8.48) (3.47) (4.25)

32.3 35.1 39.4 30.4

(3.19) (6.19) (2.82) (3.29)

0.3 ‡ 1.3 ‡

(0.22) (†) (0.55) (†)

1.9 ‡ 2.5 ‡

(1.24) (†) (0.70) (†)

2.1 ‡ 2.0 1.2

(0.88) (†) (0.64) (0.75)

16.7 22.6 25.3 19.8

(2.29) (6.23) (2.42) (2.78)

5.5 11.1 4.5 ‡

(1.43) (5.90) (1.33) (†)

10.7 16.4 12.9 13.3

(2.48) (4.31) (2.12) (2.49)

21.5 30.2 27.2 23.6

(2.72) (8.97) (2.94) (3.19)

66.1 71.9 62.7 59.5

(4.01) (8.61) (3.23) (3.70)

20.8 —

25.1 56.6

19.6 43.0

(4.56) (7.98)

18.2 64.9

(3.20) (7.07)

1.6 ‡

(0.83) (†)

1.0 ‡

(0.54) (†)

1.4 4.8

(0.78) (3.05)

10.6 52.0

(2.72) (8.78)

‡ ‡

(†) (†)

5.6 26.8

(1.91) (7.83)

16.8 (4.06) 58.5 (19.72)

64.1 90.1

(5.92) (8.16)

13.6 17.5 22.8 21.9 26.7 32.1 35.6 44.8 46.6 48.7

21.3 23.9 26.7 31.8 31.4 37.9 42.7 46.8 52.0 58.0

21.0 24.5 22.8 31.4 35.8 36.7 45.2 47.9 55.1 56.9

(3.22) (3.39) (2.45) (2.75) (2.81) (2.61) (2.05) (2.31) (1.80) (1.66)

25.1 28.0 28.6 30.2 35.2 38.3 44.6 49.1 55.7 59.5

(2.92) (2.74) (2.30) (2.48) (2.27) (2.43) (1.54) (1.93) (1.48) (1.29)

3.9 1.7 0.9 1.5 2.3 1.0 0.4 1.2 0.4 0.5

(1.51) (0.47) (0.61) (0.55) (0.90) (0.58) (0.17) (0.32) (0.13) (0.23)

2.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.9 2.3 0.5 1.1 0.4 0.3

(0.89) (0.61) (0.65) (1.21) (1.19) (0.80) (0.19) (0.37) (0.17) (0.15)

1.1 1.3 2.2 4.5 3.3 2.8 5.1 4.3 5.6 5.5

(0.50) (0.81) (0.99) (0.90) (0.72) (0.56) (0.66) (0.73) (0.58) (0.52)

8.3 12.4 10.5 13.3 17.8 19.0 27.6 30.8 39.3 44.6

(1.88) (1.86) (1.52) (1.50) (1.72) (1.74) (1.37) (1.70) (1.28) (1.19)

0.5 1.7 2.2 0.4 1.5 1.0 1.2 2.2 1.4 1.0

(0.26) (1.22) (1.04) (0.19) (0.55) (0.39) (0.30) (0.58) (0.31) (0.20)

14.6 14.0 17.3 13.2 16.6 19.9 20.4 22.5 24.3 26.2

(2.55) (1.85) (2.17) (1.64) (1.61) (2.08) (1.43) (1.51) (1.29) (0.93)

11.3 11.4 13.2 14.3 17.2 20.6 31.6 36.3 40.2 49.0

36.5 36.0 42.4 41.3 40.7 52.3 58.3 59.9 64.0 72.8

(3.56) (3.11) (2.47) (4.26) (2.33) (2.63) (1.86) (1.64) (1.32) (0.99)

In basic education2

In English as a second language

In part-time postsecondary education

In career or jobrelated courses

In apprentice programs

In personal development courses

6

7

8

9

10

11

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Adult education is defined as all education activities, except full-time enrollment in higher education credential programs. Examples of adult education activities include part-time college attendance, classes or seminars given by employers, and classes taken for adult literacy purposes, or for recreation and enjoyment. 2The estimates of participation in basic education include only those participating in courses to improve “reading, writing, and math skills,” and do not count participation in GED or other high-school equivalency courses.

In less formal In career or jobwork-related related courses learning activities 12

(2.03) (1.88) (1.62) (2.39) (1.45) (1.71) (1.63) (1.65) (1.29) (1.09)

13

NOTE: Data are based on a sample survey of the civilian noninstitutional population. Data do not include persons enrolled in high school or below. Data revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Race/ ethnicity categories may not sum to totals because they do not include “other” races/ethnicities. Occupation categories may not sum to totals because they exclude those not in the labor force. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Adult Education Survey (AE-NHES:1991, AE-NHES:1995, and AE-NHES:1999); Adult Education and Lifelong Learning Survey (AELL-NHES:2001); and Adult Education for Work-Related Reasons Survey (AEWR-NHES:2003) of the National Household Education Surveys Program. (This table was prepared November 2005.)

570 CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education Adult Education

Table 354. Participation of persons, 17 years old and over, in adult education during the previous 12 months, by selected characteristics of participants: Selected years, 1991 through 2003—Continued

CHAPTER 3: Postsecondary Education 571 Vocational Education

a n o i t a c o Table V 355. Number of non-degree-granting Title IV institutions offering postsecondary education, by control and state or jurisdiction: 2000–01 through 2004–05 2002–03

2003–04 Private

State or jurisdiction 1

2000–01, total

Total

Public

NotTotal for-profit

2004–05 Private

Forprofit

Total

Public

NotTotal for-profit

Private Forprofit

Total

Public

NotTotal for-profit

Forprofit

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

United States ...................

2,297

2,186

339

1,847

256

1,591

2,176

327

1,849

249

1,600

2,167

327

1,840

238

1,602

Alabama ................................... Alaska....................................... Arizona ..................................... Arkansas................................... California ..................................

10 3 33 36 230

9 2 33 36 234

0 1 3 9 11

9 1 30 27 223

2 0 0 2 30

7 1 30 25 193

8 2 32 32 233

0 1 3 4 11

8 1 29 28 222

2 0 0 3 31

6 1 29 25 191

8 2 32 31 229

0 1 3 3 9

8 1 29 28 220

2 0 0 3 29

6 1 29 25 191

Colorado ................................... Connecticut............................... Delaware................................... District of Columbia .................. Florida.......................................

21 37 4 5 124

22 35 5 5 128

4 0 0 0 37

18 35 5 5 91

1 5 1 2 6

17 30 4 3 85

24 35 5 5 121

4 0 0 0 37

20 35 5 5 84

2 5 1 2 6

18 30 4 3 78

25 33 6 6 119

4 0 0 0 37

21 33 6 6 82

2 5 1 2 7

19 28 5 4 75

Georgia..................................... Hawaii ....................................... Idaho......................................... Illinois........................................ Indiana......................................

38 6 11 88 34

41 6 11 83 31

1 0 0 2 3

40 6 11 81 28

1 0 0 16 1

39 6 11 65 27

45 5 12 86 33

1 0 0 2 4

44 5 12 84 29

1 0 0 16 1

43 5 12 68 28

46 6 12 89 29

1 0 0 3 3

45 6 12 86 26

1 1 0 15 1

44 5 12 71 25

Iowa .......................................... Kansas...................................... Kentucky ................................... Louisiana .................................. Maine........................................

27 23 52 57 11

25 23 31 53 12

0 4 0 0 0

25 19 31 53 12

2 2 1 2 3

23 17 30 51 9

26 23 29 53 12

0 4 0 3 0

26 19 29 50 12

2 2 1 2 3

24 17 28 48 9

26 23 30 54 10

0 4 0 7 0

26 19 30 47 10

2 2 1 2 4

24 17 29 45 6

Maryland................................... Massachusetts.......................... Michigan ................................... Minnesota ................................. Mississippi ................................

34 60 72 20 16

25 56 65 20 18

1 5 3 0 0

24 51 62 20 18

0 7 5 6 0

24 44 57 14 18

24 55 64 19 18

0 5 2 0 0

24 50 62 19 18

0 5 5 5 0

24 45 57 14 18

26 57 64 20 17

0 5 2 1 0

26 52 62 19 17

0 3 4 4 0

26 49 58 15 17

Missouri .................................... Montana.................................... Nebraska .................................. Nevada ..................................... New Hampshire ........................

69 10 12 10 11

65 8 10 7 12

29 0 0 0 0

36 8 10 7 12

8 3 4 1 3

28 5 6 6 9

61 7 9 7 12

25 0 0 0 0

36 7 9 7 12

5 2 3 1 3

31 5 6 6 9

61 8 9 7 13

25 0 0 0 0

36 8 9 7 13

5 1 3 1 3

31 7 6 6 10

New Jersey ............................... New Mexico .............................. New York................................... North Carolina .......................... North Dakota ............................

89 6 152 36 5

89 7 137 29 5

5 0 30 1 0

84 7 107 28 5

8 0 44 3 0

76 7 63 25 5

90 9 138 31 5

5 0 30 1 0

85 9 108 30 5

11 0 44 3 0

74 9 64 27 5

90 7 138 30 5

5 0 32 1 0

85 7 106 29 5

11 0 37 3 0

74 7 69 26 5

Ohio .......................................... Oklahoma ................................. Oregon...................................... Pennsylvania............................. Rhode Island ............................

130 84 28 167 12

126 81 26 158 9

51 45 0 35 0

75 36 26 123 9

12 1 0 35 1

63 35 26 88 8

127 83 27 151 10

51 46 0 33 0

76 37 27 118 10

12 1 0 31 1

64 36 27 87 9

125 79 29 140 10

50 46 0 31 0

75 33 29 109 10

13 0 0 30 2

62 33 29 79 8

South Carolina.......................... South Dakota ............................ Tennessee ................................ Texas ........................................ Utah ..........................................

14 5 54 161 26

14 5 54 156 26

1 0 26 2 5

13 5 28 154 21

0 3 2 4 0

13 2 26 150 21

15 5 53 162 24

1 0 26 3 3

14 5 27 159 21

0 3 2 4 0

14 2 25 155 21

18 6 54 169 23

1 0 26 4 2

17 6 28 165 21

0 3 2 4 0

17 3 26 161 21

Vermont .................................... Virginia...................................... Washington............................... West Virginia............................. Wisconsin ................................. Wyoming................................... Other jurisdictions ..........

3 56 42 36 24 3 74

3 56 42 30 20 2 71

0 10 1 13 0 1 0

3 46 41 17 20 1 71

1 9 4 7 8 0 9

2 37 37 10 12 1 62

3 51 43 30 20 2 69

0 8 1 12 0 1 0

3 43 42 18 20 1 69

1 8 4 8 7 0 8

2 35 38 10 13 1 61

4 46 44 30 20 2 75

1 6 1 12 0 1 0

3 40 43 18 20 1 75

1 9 4 8 7 0 9

2 31 39 10 13 1 66

American Samoa ...................... Guam........................................ Northern Marianas ................... Palau......................................... Puerto Rico............................... Virgin Islands ............................

0 0 0 0 74 0

0 0 0 0 71 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 71 0

0 0 0 0 9 0

0 0 0 0 62 0

0 0 0 0 69 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 69 0

0 0 0 0 8 0

0 0 0 0 61 0

0 0 0 0 75 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 75 0

0 0 0 0 9 0

0 0 0 0 66 0

NOTE: Includes all Title IV institutions that did not grant degrees at the associate’s or higher level.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2000–01 through 2004–05 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Fall 2000 through Fall 2004. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4

Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities This chapter provides a summary of federal legislation and funds for education to describe the scope and variety of federal education programs. Data in this chapter reflect outlays and obligations of federal agencies. These tabulations differ from federal receipts reported in other chapters because of numerous variations in the data collection systems. Federal dollars are not necessarily spent by recipient institutions in the same year they are appropriated. In some cases, institutions cannot identify the source of federal revenues because they flow through state agencies. Some types of revenues, such as tuition and fees, are reported as revenues from students even though they may be supported by federal student aid programs. Some institutions that receive federal education funds are not included in regular surveys conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). Thus, the federal programs data tabulated in this chapter are not comparable with figures reported in other chapters. Readers should be careful about comparing data on obligations shown in some tables with data on outlays and appropriations appearing in others. Federal on-budget funding for education showed sizable growth between fiscal years (FYs) 1965 and 2005, after adjustment for inflation (table 356). Large increases occurred between 1965 and 1975. After a slight decrease from 1975 to 1980, there was a further decrease from 1980 to 1985 (16 percent). Thereafter, federal on-budget funding for education generally increased. After adjustment for inflation, federal on-budget funding for education increased by 14 percent from 1985 to 1990, by 20 percent from 1990 to 1995, by 10 percent from 1995 to 2000, and by 47 percent from 2000 to 2005. Between 1990 and 1995, after adjustment for inflation, federal funds increased for each of the four major categories reported: elementary and secondary education (by 32 percent), postsecondary education (by 12 percent), other education (by 21 percent), and research at educational institutions (by 7 percent) (table 356 and figure 18). During the 1995 to 2000 period, federal funding increased for three of these categories: elementary and secondary education (by 19 percent), other education (by 6 percent), and research at educational institutions (by 26 percent). During the same period, however, funding for postsecondary education decreased by 22 percent. From 2000 to 2005, funding once again increased across all four categories, with a 39 percent

increase for elementary and secondary education, a 117 percent increase for postsecondary education, a 17 percent increase for other education, and a 25 percent increase for research at educational institutions. Off-budget support (federal support for education not tied to appropriations) and nonfederal funds generated by federal legislation (e.g., private loans, grants, and aid) showed an increase in constant dollars between FY 1980 and FY 2005 (431 percent), but there were fluctuations throughout the period (table 356). Changes in interest rates and program legislation, which affect the number and volume of student loans, may play a role in these fluctuations. Between FY 1990 and FY 2005, these same funds showed an increase of 262 percent. According to FY 2005 estimates, $71.0 billion (about 50 percent of the $141.8 billion spent by the federal government on education) came from the U.S. Department of Education (figure 19 and table 357). Large amounts of money also came from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ($25.9 billion), the U.S. Department of Agriculture ($13.8 billion), the U.S. Department of Labor ($5.8 billion), the U.S. Department of Defense ($5.5 billion), the U.S. Department of Energy ($4.1 billion), and the National Science Foundation ($4.1 billion). For FY 2005, estimates show federal program funds for elementary and secondary education at $68.0 billion, for postsecondary education at $36.4 billion, for research at universities and related institutions at $30.2 billion, and for other programs at $7.2 billion (table 358). About 61 percent of total federal education support, excluding estimated federal tax expenditures, went to educational institutions in FY 2005 (table 359). Another 21 percent was used for student support. Banks and other lending agencies received 7 percent, and multiple recipients, including libraries, museums, and federal institutions, received 11 percent. Of the $71.0 billion spent by the U.S. Department of Education in FY 2005, about 41 percent ($29.2 billion) went to local education agencies (school districts) and 11 percent ($7.5 billion) to state education agencies (table 360 and figure 20). About 19 percent ($13.2 billion) went to postsecondary institutions and another 19 percent ($13.8 billion) to postsecondary students. Smaller percentages (totaling $7.4 billion) went to federal agencies, multiple recipients, and other recipients.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

573

574 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

Chronology of Federal Education Legislation A capsule view of the history of federal education activities is provided in the following list of selected legislation: 1787 Northwest Ordinance authorized land grants for the establishment of educational institutions.

1937 National Cancer Institute Act established the Public Health Service fellowship program. 1941 Amendment to Lanham Act of 1940 authorized federal aid for construction, maintenance, and operation of schools in federally impacted areas. Such assistance was continued under Public Law 815 and Public Law 874, 81st Congress, in 1950.

1802 An Act Fixing the Military Peace Establishment of the United States established the U.S. Military Academy. (The U.S. Naval Academy was established in 1845 by the Secretary of the Navy.)

1943 Vocational Rehabilitation Act (Public Law 78-16) provided assistance to disabled veterans.

1862 First Morrill Act authorized public land grants to the states for the establishment and maintenance of agricultural and mechanical colleges.

1944 Servicemen's Readjustment Act (Public Law 78-346), known as the GI Bill, provided assistance for the education of veterans.

1867 Department of Education Act authorized the establishment of the U.S. Department of Education.1

Surplus Property Act (Public Law 78-457) authorized transfer of surplus property to educational institutions.

1876 Appropriation Act, U.S. Department of the Treasury, established the U.S. Coast Guard Academy.

1946 National School Lunch Act (Public Law 79-396) authorized assistance through grants-in-aid and other means to states to assist in providing adequate foods and facilities for the establishment, maintenance, operation, and expansion of nonprofit school lunch programs.

1890 Second Morrill Act provided for money grants for support of instruction in the agricultural and mechanical colleges. 1911 State Marine School Act authorized federal funds to be used for the benefit of any nautical school in any of 11 specified state seaport cities. 1917 Smith-Hughes Act provided for grants to states for support of vocational education. 1918 Vocational Rehabilitation Act provided for grants for rehabilitation through training of World War I veterans. 1919 An Act to Provide for Further Educational Facilities authorized the sale by the federal government of surplus machine tools to educational institutions at 15 percent of acquisition cost. 1920 Smith-Bankhead Act authorized grants to states for vocational rehabilitation programs. 1935 Bankhead-Jones Act (Public Law 74-182) authorized grants to states for agricultural experiment stations. Agricultural Adjustment Act (Public Law 74-320) authorized 30 percent of the annual customs receipts to be used to encourage the exportation and domestic consumption of agricultural commodities. Commodities purchased under this authorization began to be used in school lunch programs in 1936. The National School Lunch Act of 1946 continued and expanded this assistance. 1936 An Act to Further the Development and Maintenance of an Adequate and Well-Balanced American Merchant Marine (Public Law 74-415) established the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy. 1

The U.S. Department of Education as established in 1867 was later known as the Office of Education. In 1980, under Public Law 96-88, it became a cabinet-level department. Therefore, for purposes of consistency, it is referred to as the “U.S. Department of Education” even in those tables covering years when it was officially the Office of Education.

School Lunch Indemnity Plan (Public Law 78-129) provided funds for local lunch food purchases.

George-Barden Act (Public Law 80-402) expanded federal support of vocational education. 1948 United States Information and Educational Exchange Act (Public Law 80-402) provided for the interchange of persons, knowledge, and skills between the United States and other countries. 1949 Federal Property and Administrative Services Act (Public Law 81-152) provided for donation of surplus property to educational institutions and for other public purposes. 1950 Financial Assistance for Local Educational Agencies Affected by Federal Activities (Public Law 81-815 and Public Law 81-874) provided assistance for construction (Public Law 815) and operation (Public Law 874) of schools in federally affected areas. Housing Act (Public Law 81-475) authorized loans for construction of college housing facilities. 1954 An Act for the Establishment of the United States Air Force Academy and Other Purposes (Public Law 83325) established the U.S. Air Force Academy. Educational Research Act (Public Law 83-531) authorized cooperative arrangements with universities, colleges, and state educational agencies for educational research. School Milk Program Act (Public Law 83-597) provided funds for purchase of milk for school lunch programs. 1956 Library Services Act (Public Law 84-597) provided grants to states for extension and improvement of rural public library services. 1957 Practical Nurse Training Act (Public Law 84-911) provided grants to states for practical nurse training.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 575

1958 National Defense Education Act (Public Law 85-864) provided assistance to state and local school systems for strengthening instruction in science, mathematics, modern foreign languages, and other critical subjects; improvement of state statistical services; guidance, counseling, and testing services and training institutes; higher education student loans and fellowships; foreign language study and training provided by colleges and universities; experimentation and dissemination of information on more effective utilization of television, motion pictures, and related media for educational purposes; and vocational education for technical occupations necessary to the national defense. Education of Mentally Retarded Children Act (Public Law 85-926) authorized federal assistance for training teachers of the handicapped. Captioned Films for the Deaf Act (Public Law 85-905) authorized a loan service of captioned films for the deaf. 1961 Area Redevelopment Act (Public Law 87-27) included provisions for training or retraining of persons in redevelopment areas. 1962 Manpower Development and Training Act (Public Law 87-415) provided training in new and improved skills for the unemployed and underemployed. Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962 (Public Law 87-510) authorized loans, advances, and grants for education and training of refugees. 1963 Health Professions Educational Assistance Act of 1963 (Public Law 88-129) provided funds to expand teaching facilities and for loans to students in the health professions. Vocational Education Act of 1963 (Part of Public Law 88-210) increased federal support of vocational education schools; vocational work-study programs; and research, training, and demonstrations in vocational education. Higher Education Facilities Act of 1963 (Public Law 88-204) authorized grants and loans for classrooms, libraries, and laboratories in public community colleges and technical institutes, as well as undergraduate and graduate facilities in other institutions of higher education. 1964 Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Public Law 88-352) authorized the Commissioner of Education to arrange for support for institutions of higher education and school districts to provide inservice programs for assisting instructional staff in dealing with problems caused by desegregation. Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 (Public Law 88452) authorized grants for college work-study programs for students from low-income families; established a Job Corps program and authorized support for work-training programs to provide education and

vocational training and work experience opportunities in welfare programs; authorized support of education and training activities and of community action programs, including Head Start, Follow Through, and Upward Bound; and authorized the establishment of Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA). 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (Public Law 89-10) authorized grants for elementary and secondary school programs for children of lowincome families; school library resources, textbooks, and other instructional materials for school children; supplementary educational centers and services; strengthening state education agencies; and educational research and research training. Health Professions Educational Assistance Amendments of 1965 (Public Law 89-290) authorized scholarships to aid needy students in the health professions. Higher Education Act of 1965 (Public Law 89-329) provided grants for university community service programs, college library assistance, library training and research, strengthening developing institutions, teacher training programs, and undergraduate instructional equipment. Authorized insured student loans, established a National Teacher Corps, and provided for graduate teacher training fellowships. National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act (Public Law 89-209) authorized grants and loans for projects in the creative and performing arts and for research, training, and scholarly publications in the humanities. National Technical Institute for the Deaf Act (Public Law 89-36) provided for the establishment, construction, equipping, and operation of a residential school for postsecondary education and technical training of the deaf. School Assistance in Disaster Areas Act (Public Law 89-313) provided for assistance to local education agencies to help meet exceptional costs resulting from a major disaster. 1966 International Education Act (Public Law 89-698) provided grants to institutions of higher education for the establishment, strengthening, and operation of centers for research and training in international studies and the international aspects of other fields of study. National Sea Grant College and Program Act (Public Law 89-688) authorized the establishment and operation of Sea Grant Colleges and programs by initiating and supporting programs of education and research in the various fields relating to the development of marine resources. Adult Education Act (Public Law 89-750) authorized grants to states for the encouragement and expansion of educational programs for adults, including training of teachers of adults and demonstrations in adult

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

576 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

education (previously part of Economic Opportunity Act of 1964). Model Secondary School for the Deaf Act (Public Law 89-694) authorized the establishment and operation, by Gallaudet College, of a model secondary school for the deaf. 1967 Education Professions Development Act (Public Law 90-35) amended the Higher Education Act of 1965 for the purpose of improving the quality of teaching and to help meet critical shortages of adequately trained educational personnel. Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 (Public Law 90-129) established a Corporation for Public Broadcasting to assume major responsibility in channeling federal funds to noncommercial radio and television stations, program production groups, and ETV networks; conduct research, demonstration, or training in matters related to noncommercial broadcasting; and award grants for construction of educational radio and television facilities. 1968 Elementary and Secondary Education Amendments of 1968 (Public Law 90-247) modified existing programs, authorized support of regional centers for education of handicapped children, model centers and services for deaf-blind children, recruitment of personnel and dissemination of information on education of the handicapped; technical assistance in education to rural areas; support of dropout prevention projects; and support of bilingual education programs. Handicapped Children’s Early Education Assistance Act (Public Law 90-538) authorized preschool and early education programs for handicapped children. Vocational Education Amendments of 1968 (Public Law 90-576) modified existing programs and provided for a National Advisory Council on Vocational Education and collection and dissemination of information for programs administered by the Commissioner of Education. 1970 Elementary and Secondary Education Assistance Programs, Extension (Public Law 91-230) authorized comprehensive planning and evaluation grants to state and local education agencies; provided for the establishment of a National Commission on School Finance. National Commission on Libraries and Information Services Act (Public Law 91-345) established a National Commission on Libraries and Information Science to effectively utilize the nation’s educational resources. Office of Education Appropriation Act (Public Law 91-380) provided emergency school assistance to desegregating local education agencies. Environmental Education Act (Public Law 91-516) established an Office of Environmental Education to develop curriculum and initiate and maintain envi-

ronmental education programs at the elementarysecondary levels; disseminate information; provide training programs for teachers and other educational, public, community, labor, and industrial leaders and employees; provide community education programs; and distribute material dealing with the environment and ecology. Drug Abuse Education Act of 1970 (Public Law 91527) provided for development, demonstration, and evaluation of curricula on the problems of drug abuse. 1971 Comprehensive Health Manpower Training Act of 1971 (Public Law 92-257) amended Title VII of the Public Health Service Act, increasing and expanding provisions for health manpower training and training facilities. 1972 Drug Abuse Office and Treatment Act of 1972 (Public Law 92-255) established a Special Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention to provide overall planning and policy for all federal drug-abuse prevention functions; a National Advisory Council for Drug Abuse Prevention; community assistance grants for community mental health centers for treatment and rehabilitation of persons with drug-abuse problems; and, in December 1974, a National Institute on Drug Abuse. Education Amendments of 1972 (Public Law 92-318) established the Education Division in the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and the National Institute of Education; general aid for institutions of higher education; federal matching grants for state Student Incentive Grants; a National Commission on Financing Postsecondary Education; State Advisory Councils on Community Colleges; a Bureau of Occupational and Adult Education and State Grants for the design, establishment, and conduct of postsecondary occupational education; and a bureau-level Office of Indian Education. Amended current U.S. Department of Education programs to increase their effectiveness and better meet special needs. Prohibited sex bias in admission to vocational, professional, and graduate schools, and public institutions of undergraduate higher education. 1973 Older Americans Comprehensive Services Amendment of 1973 (Public Law 93-29) made available to older citizens comprehensive programs of health, education, and social services. Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973 (Public Law 93-203) provided for opportunities for employment and training to unemployed and underemployed persons. Extended and expanded provisions in the Manpower Development and Training Act of 1962, Title I of the Economic Opportunity Act of 1962, Title I of the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, and the Emergency Employment Act of 1971 as in effect prior to June 30, 1973.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 577

1974 Education Amendments of 1974 (Public Law 93-380) provided for the consolidation of certain programs; and established a National Center for Education Statistics. Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-415) provided for technical assistance, staff training, centralized research, and resources to develop and implement programs to keep students in elementary and secondary schools; and established, in the U.S. Department of Justice, a National Institute for Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. 1975 Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (Public Law 93-638) provided for increased participation of Indians in the establishment and conduct of their education programs and services. Harry S. Truman Memorial Scholarship Act (Public Law 93-642) established the Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation and created a perpetual education scholarship fund for young Americans to prepare and pursue careers in public service. Indochina Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of 1975 (Public Law 94-23) authorized funds to be used for education and training of aliens who have fled from Cambodia or Vietnam. Education for All Handicapped Children Act (Public Law 94-142) provided that all handicapped children have available to them a free appropriate education designed to meet their unique needs. 1976 Educational Broadcasting Facilities and Telecommunications Demonstration Act of 1976 (Public Law 94309) established a telecommunications demonstration program to promote the development of nonbroadcast telecommunications facilities and services for the transmission, distribution, and delivery of health, education, and public or social service information. 1977 Youth Employment and Demonstration Projects Act of 1977 (Public Law 95-93) established a youth employment training program that includes, among other activities, promoting education-to-work transition, literacy training and bilingual training, and attainment of certificates of high school equivalency. Career Education Incentive Act (Public Law 95-207) authorized the establishment of a career education program for elementary and secondary schools. 1978 Tribally Controlled Community College Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-471) provided federal funds for the operation and improvement of tribally controlled community colleges for Indian students. Education Amendments of 1978 (Public Law 95-561) established a comprehensive basic skills program aimed at improving pupil achievement (replaced the existing National Reading Improvement program); and established a community schools program to provide for the use of public buildings.

Middle Income Student Assistance Act (Public Law 95-566) modified the provisions for student financial assistance programs to allow middle-income as well as low-income students attending college or other postsecondary institutions to qualify for federal education assistance. 1979 Department of Education Organization Act (Public Law 96-88) established a U.S. Department of Education containing functions from the Education Division of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare along with other selected education programs from HEW, the U.S. Department of Justice, U.S. Department of Labor, and the National Science Foundation. 1980 Asbestos School Hazard Detection and Control Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-270) established a program for inspection of schools for detection of hazardous asbestos materials and provided loans to assist educational agencies to contain or remove and replace such materials. 1981 Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981 (Part of Public Law 97-35) consolidated 42 programs into 7 programs to be funded under the elementary and secondary block grant authority. 1983 Student Loan Consolidation and Technical Amendments Act of 1983 (Public Law 98-79) established an 8 percent interest rate for Guaranteed Student Loans and an extended Family Contribution Schedule. Challenge Grant Amendments of 1983 (Public Law 98-95) amended Title III, Higher Education Act, and added authorization of Challenge Grant program. The Challenge Grant program provides funds to eligible institutions on a matching basis as an incentive to seek alternative sources of funding. Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1983 (Public Law 98-199) added the Architectural Barrier amendment and clarified participation of handicapped children in private schools. 1984 Education for Economic Security Act (Public Law 98377) added new science and mathematics programs for elementary, secondary, and postsecondary education. The new programs included magnet schools, excellence in education, and equal access. Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act (Public Law 98-524) continued federal assistance for vocational education through FY 1989. The act replaced the Vocational Education Act of 1963. It provided aid to the states to make vocational education programs accessible to all persons, including handicapped and disadvantaged, single parents and homemakers, and the incarcerated. Human Services Reauthorization Act (Public Law 98558) created a Carl D. Perkins scholarship program, a National Talented Teachers Fellowship program, a

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

578 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

Federal Merit Scholarships program, and a Leadership in Educational Administration program. 1985 Montgomery GI Bill—Active Duty (Public Law 98525), brought about a new GI Bill for individuals who initially entered active military duty on or after July 1, 1985.

1989 Children with Disabilities Temporary Care Reauthorization Act of 1989 (Public Law 101-127) revised and extended the programs established in the Temporary Child Care for Handicapped Children and Crises Nurseries Act of 1986.

Montgomery GI Bill—Selected Reserve (Public Law 98-525), established an education program for members of the Selected Reserve (which includes the National Guard) who enlist, reenlist, or extend an enlistment after June 30, 1985, for a 6-year period.

Childhood Education and Development Act of 1989 (Part of Public Law 101-239) authorized the appropriations to expand Head Start Programs and programs carried out under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to include child care services.

1986 Handicapped Children’s Protection Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-372) allowed parents of handicapped children to collect attorneys’ fees in cases brought under the Education of the Handicapped Act and provided that the Education of the Handicapped Act does not preempt other laws, such as Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.

1990 Excellence in Mathematics, Science and Engineering Education Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-589) was established to promote excellence in American mathematics, science, and engineering education by creating a national mathematics and science clearinghouse, and creating several other mathematics, science, and engineering education programs.

Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act of 1986 (Part of Public Law 99-570), part of the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986, authorized funding for FYs 1987–89. Established programs for drug abuse education and prevention, coordinated with related community efforts and resources, through the use of federal financial assistance.

Student Right-To-Know and Campus Security Act (Public Law 101-542) required institutions of higher education receiving federal financial assistance to provide certain information with respect to the graduation rates of student-athletes at such institutions. The act also requires the institution to certify that it has a campus security policy and will annually submit a uniform crime report to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

1987 Higher Education Act Amendments of 1987 (Public Law 100-50) made technical corrections, clarifications, or conforming amendments related to the enactment of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986. 1988 Augustus F. Hawkins-Robert T. Stafford Elementary and Secondary School Improvement Amendments of 1988 (Public Law 100-297) reauthorized through 1993 major elementary and secondary education programs including: Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Bilingual Education, Math-Science Education, Magnet Schools, Impact Aid, Indian Education, Adult Education, and other smaller education programs. Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-407) provided financial assistance to states to develop and implement consumer-responsive statewide programs of technology-related assistance for persons of all ages with disabilities. Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Amendments Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-628) extended for 2 additional years programs providing assistance to the homeless, including literacy training for homeless adults and education for homeless youths. Tax Reform Technical Amendments (Public Law 100647) authorized an Education Savings Bond for the purpose of postsecondary educational expenses. The bill grants tax exclusion for interest earned on regular series EE savings bonds.

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-336) prohibited discrimination against persons with disabilities. National and Community Service Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-610) increased school and college-based community service opportunities and authorized the President’s Points of Light Foundation. School Dropout Prevention and Basic Skills Improvement Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-600) was established to improve secondary school programs for basic skills improvements and dropout reduction. Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Reauthorization Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-637) reauthorized the Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act of 1984, which provided financial support to elementary and secondary schools to inspect for asbestos and to develop and implement an asbestos management plan. Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-454) provided a permanent endowment for the Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program. Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-508) included a set of student aid provisions that were estimated to yield a savings of $2 billion over 5 years. These provisions included delayed Guaranteed Student Loan disbursements, tightened ability-to-benefit eligibility, expanded pro rata

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 579

refund policy, and the elimination of student aid eligibility at high default schools.

older who perform community service before, during, or after postsecondary education.

1991 National Literacy Act of 1991 (Public Law 102-73) established the National Institute for Literacy, the National Institute Board, and the Interagency Task Force on Literacy. Amended various federal laws to establish and extend various literacy programs.

NAEP Assessment Authorization (Public Law 103-33) authorized the use of NAEP for state-by-state comparisons.

High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 (Public Law 102-194) directed the President to implement a National High-Performance Computing Program. Provided for: (1) establishment of a National Research and Education Network; (2) standards and guidelines for high-performance networks; and (3) the responsibility of certain federal departments and agencies with regard to the Network. Veterans’ Educational Assistance Amendments of 1991 (Public Law 102-127) restored certain educational benefits available to reserve and active-duty personnel under the Montgomery GI Bill to students whose course of studies were interrupted by the Persian Gulf War. Civil Rights Act of 1991 (Public Law 102-166) amended the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, with regard to employment discrimination. Established the Technical Assistance Training Institute. 1992 Ready-To-Learn Act (Public Law 102-545) amended the General Education Provisions Act to establish Ready-To-Learn Television programs to support educational programming and support materials for preschool and elementary school children and their parents, child care providers, and educators. National Commission on Time and Learning, Extension (Public Law 102-359) amended the National Education Commission on Time and Learning Act to extend the authorization of appropriations for such Commission; amended the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to revise provisions for (1) a specified civic education program; and (2) schoolwide projects for educationally disadvantaged children; and provided for additional Assistant Secretaries of Education. 1993 Student Loan Reform Act (Public Law 103-66) reformed the student aid process by phasing in a system of direct lending designed to provide savings for taxpayers and students. Allows students to choose among a variety of repayment options, including income contingency. National Service Trust Act (Public Law 103-82) amended the National and Community Service Act of 1990 to establish a Corporation for National Service and enhance opportunities for national service. In addition, the Act provided education grants up to $4,725 per year for 2 years to people age 17 years or

1994 Goals 2000: Educate America Act (Public Law 103227) established a new federal partnership through a system of grants to states and local communities to reform the nation’s education system. The Act formalized the national education goals and established the National Education Goals Panel. It also created a National Education Standards and Improvement Council (NESIC) to provide voluntary national certification of state and local education standards and assessments and established the National Skill Standards Board to develop voluntary national skill standards. School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1994 (Public Law 103-239) established a national framework within which states and communities can develop School-to-Work Opportunities systems to prepare young people for first jobs and continuing education. The Act also provided money to states and communities to develop a system of programs that include work-based learning, school-based learning, and connecting activities components. School-to-Work programs will provide students with a high school diploma (or its equivalent), a nationally recognized skill certificate, or an associate’s degree (if appropriate) and may lead to a first job or further education. Safe Schools Act of 1994 (Part of Public Law 103-227) authorized the award of competitive grants to local educational agencies with serious crime to implement violence prevention activities such as conflict resolution and peer mediation. Educational Research, Development, Dissemination, and Improvement Act of 1994 (Part of Public Law 103-227) authorized the educational research and dissemination activities of the Office of Educational Research and Improvement. The regional educational laboratories and university-based research and development centers are authorized under this act. Student Loan Default Exemption Extension (Public Law 103-235) amended the Higher Education Act of 1965 to extend until July 1, 1998, the effective date for cohort default rate extension for Historically Black Colleges and Universities, tribally controlled community colleges, and Navajo community colleges. Improving America’s Schools Act (Public Law 103382) reauthorized and revamped the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. The legislation includes Title I, the federal government’s largest program providing educational assistance to disadvantaged children; professional development and technical assistance programs; a safe and drug-free schools

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

580 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

and communities provision; and provisions promoting school equity.

revise its provisions and extend through FY 2002 the authorization of appropriations for IDEA programs.

1995 Amendment to the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (Public Law 104-5) amended a provision of Part A of Title IX of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 relating to Indian education, to provide a technical amendment and for other purposes.

Emergency Student Loan Consolidation Act of 1997 (Public Law 105-78) amended the Higher Education Act to provide for improved student loan consolidation services.

1996 Contract With America: Unfunded Mandates (Public Law 104-4) curbed the practice of imposing unfunded federal mandates on states and local governments; strengthened the partnership between the federal government and state, local, and tribal governments; ended the imposition, in the absence of full consideration by Congress, of federal mandates on state, local, and tribal governments without adequate funding, in a manner that may displace other essential governmental priorities; and ensured that the federal government pays the costs incurred by those governments in complying with certain requirements under federal statutes and regulations. Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act Amendments of 1996 (Public Law 1041834) amended the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act to extend the act, and for other purposes. Remove Grant Limits on Historically Black Colleges (Public Law 104-141) amended section 326 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 to permit continued participation by historically black graduate and professional schools in the grant program authorized by that section. Correct Impact-Aid Payments (Public Law 104-195) amended the Impact Aid Program to provide for a hold-harmless provision with respect to amounts for payments relating to the federal acquisition of real property, and for other purposes. Human Rights, Refugee, and Other Foreign Relations Provisions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-319) made certain provisions with respect to internationally recognized human rights, refugees, and foreign relations to revise U.S. human rights policy. 1997 Need-Based Educational Aid Antitrust Protection Act of 1997 (Public Law 105-43) amended the Improving America’s Schools Act of 1994 to clarify the financial information exchanged between institutions of higher education.

1998 Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (Public Law 105220) enacted the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act, and substantially revised and extended, through FY 2003, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 (Public Law 105-277) enacted the Reading Excellence Act, to promote the ability of children to read independently by the third grade; and earmarked funds to help states and school districts reduce class sizes in the early grades. Charter School Expansion Act (Public Law 105-278) amended the charter school program, enacted in 1994 as Title X, Part C of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Education Amendments of 1998 (Public Law 105332) revised, in its entirety, the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Education Act, and reauthorized the Act through FY 2003. Assistive Technology Act of 1998 (Public Law 105-394) replaced the Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1988 with a new Act, authorized through FY 2004, to address the assistivetechnology needs of individuals with disabilities. 1999 Education Flexibility Partnership Act of 1999 (Public Law 106-25) authorized the Secretary of Education to allow all states to participate in the Education Flexibility Partnership program. District of Columbia College Access Act of 1999 (Public Law 106-98) established a program to afford high school graduates from the District of Columbia the benefits of in-state tuition at state colleges and universities outside the District of Columbia. Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999 (Public Law 106-170) amended the Social Security Act to expand the availability of health care coverage for working individuals with disabilities and established a Ticket to Work and Self-Sufficiency Program in the Social Security Administration to provide such individuals with meaningful opportunities to work.

The Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 (Public Law 105-34) enacted the Hope Scholarship and Life-Long Learning Tax Credit provisions into law.

2000 The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (Public Law 106-398) included, as Title XVIII, the Impact Aid Reauthorization Act of 2000, which extended the Impact Aid programs through FY 2003.

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997 (Public Law 105-17) amended the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) to

College Scholarship Fraud Prevention Act of 2000 (Public Law 106-420) enhanced federal penalties for offenses involving scholarship fraud; required an

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 581

annual scholarship fraud report by the Attorney General, the Secretary of Education, and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC); and required the Secretary of Education, in conjunction with the FTC, to maintain a scholarship fraud awareness website.

Secretary of Education with waiver authority under student financial aid programs under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, to deal with student and family situations resulting from wars or national emergencies.

Consolidated Appropriations Act 2001 (Public Law 106-554) created a new program of assistance for school repair and renovation, and amended the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to authorize credit enhancement initiatives to help charter schools obtain, construct, or repair facilities; reauthorized the Even Start program; and enacted the “Children’s Internet Protection Act.”

2004 Assistive Technology Act of 2004 (Public Law 108364) reauthorized the Assistive Technology program, administered by the Department of Education.

2001 50th Anniversary of Brown v. the Board of Education (Public Law 107-41) established a commission for the purpose of encouraging and providing for the commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the 1954 Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education. 2002 No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (Public Law 107-110) provided for the comprehensive reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, incorporating specific proposals in such areas as testing, accountability, parental choice, and early reading.

Higher Education Extension Act of 2004 (Public Law 108-366) provided a 1-year extension of the Higher Education Act of 1965. Taxpayer-Teacher Protection Act of 2004 (Public Law 108-409) temporarily stopped excessive special allowance payments to certain lenders under the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program and increases the amount of loans that can be forgiven for certain borrowers who are highly qualified mathematics, science, and special education teachers who serve in high-poverty schools for 5 years. Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 (Public Law 108-446) provided a comprehensive reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.

The Department of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-116) provided FY 2002 funds for Department of Education programs.

District of Columbia College Access Act of 1999 (Public Law 108-457) extended the authorization of the District of Columbia College Access Act of 1999 through FY 2007.

Reauthorization of the National Center for Education Statistics and the Creating of the Institute of Education Sciences of 2002 (Public Law 107-279) established the Institute of Education Sciences within the U.S. Department of Education to carry out a coordinated, focused agenda of high-quality research, statistics, and evaluation that is relevant to the educational challenges of the nation. The Institute is administered by a Director, appointed by the President, and is comprised of three National Education Centers, each headed by a Commissioner.

2005 Student Grant Hurricane and Disaster Relief Act (Public Law 109-67) authorized the Secretary of Education to waive certain repayment requirements for students receiving campus-based federal grant assistance if they were residing in, employed in, or attending an institution of higher education located in a major disaster area, or their attendance was interrupted because of the disaster.

The Higher Education Relief Opportunities for Students Act of 2001 (Public Law 107-122) provided the Secretary of Education with waiver authority under student financial aid programs under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965, to deal with student and family situations resulting from the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. Established fixed interest rates for student and parent borrowers (Public Law 107-139) under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965. 2003 Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, 2003 (Public Law 108-7) provided FY 2003 funds for the Department of Education (and other agencies). The Higher Education Relief Opportunities for Students Act of 2003 (Public Law 108-76) provided the

Natural Disaster Student Aid Fairness Act (Public Law 109-86) authorized the Secretary of Education during FY 2006 to reallocate campus-based student aid funds to institutions of higher learning in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Texas, or institutions that have accepted students displaced by Hurricanes Katrina or Rita. The law also waives requirements for matching funds that are normally imposed on institutions and students. Hurricane Education Recovery Act (HERA) (Public Law 109-148, provision in the Defense Department Appropriations Act for FY 2006) provided funds for states affected by Hurricane Katrina to restart school operations, provide temporary emergency aid for displaced students, and assist homeless youth. The law also permits the Secretary of Education to extend deadlines under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act for those affected by Katrina or Rita.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

582 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

Figure 18. Federal on-budget funds for education, by level or other educational purpose: Selected years, 1965 through 2005 In billions of constant FY 2005 dollars $70 65 60 55 50

Elementary and secondary

45 40 35 30

Postsecondary

25 20

Research at educational institutions

15 10 5

Other education

0 1965

1970

1975

1980

1985 Fiscal year

1990

1995

2000

2005

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Budget Service, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Federal Support for Education, 2004, and unpublished tabulations. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix, fiscal years 1967 through 2006. National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, fiscal years 1965 through 2004.

Figure 19. Percentage of federal on-budget funds for education, by agency: Fiscal year 2005 Department of Agriculture, 9.7% Department of Labor, 4.1%

Department of Health and Human Services, 18.3%

Department of Defense, 3.9% Department of Energy, 2.9% Other, 3.1% National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1.8% National Science Foundation, 3.0% Department of Veterans Affairs, 2.2% Department of Interior, 0.9%

Department of Education, 50.1%

Total = $141.8 billion (FY 2005 dollars) NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix, Fiscal Year 2006. National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, Fiscal Years 2002, 2003, and 2004.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 583

Figure 20. Department of Education outlays, by type of recipient: Fiscal year 2005 State education agencies, 10.6%

Postsecondary students, 19.4%

Local education agencies, 41.1%

Postsecondary institutions, 18.6% Multiple types of recipients, 4.2% Federal, 1.0%

Other, 5.3%

Total outlays = $71.0 billion NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Fiscal Year 2006. U.S. Department of Education, Office of the Deputy Secretary, Budget Office, unpublished tabulations.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

[In millions of dollars] On-budget support1

Fiscal year

Total on-budget support, offbudget support, and nonfederal funds generated by federal legislation 2

1

Off-budget support and nonfederal funds generated by federal legislation Off-budget support

Total

Elementary and secondary

Postsecondary

3

4

5

Other education3

Research at educational institutions

Total

6

7

8

Nonfederal funds

Federal Family Education Loan Direct Loan 4 Program5 Program 9

Leveraging Supplemental Educational Educational Assistance Opportunity 8 Partnerships Grants9

Perkins Loans6

Income Contingent Loans7

10

11

12

13

Work-Study Aid10

Estimated federal tax expenditures for education2

14

15

16

Current dollars

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1965........................ 1970........................ 1975........................ 1980........................

$5,354.7 13,359.1 24,691.5 39,349.5

$5,331.0 12,526.5 23,288.1 34,493.5

$1,942.6 5,830.4 10,617.2 16,027.7

$1,197.5 3,447.7 7,644.0 11,115.9

$374.7 964.7 1,608.5 1,548.7

$1,816.3 2,283.6 3,418.4 5,801.2

$23.7 832.6 1,403.4 4,856.0

† † † †

† $770.0 1,233.0 4,598.0

$16.1 21.0 35.7 31.8

† † † †

† † $20.0 76.8

† † † †

$7.6 41.6 114.7 149.4

— — $8,605.0 13,320.0

1985........................ 1986........................ 1987........................ 1988........................ 1989........................

47,753.4 48,357.3 50,724.6 54,078.7 59,537.4

39,027.9 39,962.9 41,194.7 43,454.4 48,269.6

16,901.3 17,049.9 17,535.7 18,564.9 19,809.5

11,174.4 11,283.6 10,300.0 10,657.5 13,269.9

2,107.6 2,620.0 2,820.4 2,981.6 3,180.3

8,844.6 9,009.4 10,538.6 11,250.5 12,009.8

8,725.5 8,394.4 9,529.8 10,624.3 11,267.8

† † † † †

8,467.0 8,142.0 9,272.0 10,380.0 10,938.0

21.4 20.2 20.9 20.6 20.4

† † $0.6 0.5 0.5

76.0 72.7 76.0 72.8 71.9

† † † † $22.0

161.1 159.5 160.4 150.4 215.0

19,105.0 20,425.0 20,830.0 17,025.0 17,755.0

1990........................ 1991........................ 1992........................ 1993........................ 1994........................

62,811.5 70,375.6 74,481.1 84,741.5 92,781.5

51,624.3 57,599.5 60,483.1 67,740.6 68,254.2

21,984.4 25,418.0 27,926.9 30,834.3 32,304.4

13,650.9 14,707.4 14,387.4 17,844.0 16,177.1

3,383.0 3,698.6 3,992.0 4,107.2 4,483.7

12,606.0 13,775.4 14,176.9 14,955.1 15,289.1

11,187.2 12,776.1 13,998.0 17,000.8 24,527.3

† † † † 813.0

10,826.0 12,372.0 13,568.0 16,524.0 23,214.0

15.0 17.3 17.3 29.3 52.7

0.5 0.5 0.5 † †

59.2 63.5 72.0 72.4 72.4

48.8 87.7 97.2 184.6 184.6

237.7 235.0 242.9 190.5 190.5

19,040.0 18,995.0 19,950.0 21,010.0 22,630.0

1995........................ 1996........................ 1997........................ 1998........................ 1999........................

95,810.8 96,833.0 103,259.8 107,810.5 113,417.2

71,639.5 71,327.4 73,731.8 76,909.2 82,863.6

33,623.8 34,391.5 35,478.9 37,486.2 39,937.9

17,618.1 15,775.5 15,959.4 15,799.6 17,651.2

4,719.7 4,828.0 5,021.2 5,148.5 5,318.0

15,677.9 16,332.3 17,272.4 18,475.0 19,956.5

24,171.2 25,505.6 29,528.0 30,901.3 30,553.6

5,161.0 8,357.0 9,838.0 10,400.1 9,953.0

18,519.0 16,711.0 19,163.0 20,002.5 20,107.0

52.7 31.1 52.7 45.0 33.3

† † † † †

63.4 31.4 50.0 25.0 25.0

184.6 184.6 184.6 194.3 195.9

190.5 190.5 239.7 234.4 239.4

24,600.0 26,340.0 28,125.0 29,540.0 37,360.0

2000........................ 2001........................ 2002........................ 2003........................ 2004........................ 200511 ....................

119,541.6 130,668.5 150,034.5 170,671.5 184,476.6 199,249.7

85,944.2 94,846.5 109,211.5 124,374.5 131,720.1 141,788.2

43,790.8 48,530.1 52,754.1 59,274.2 62,653.2 67,959.2

15,008.7 14,938.3 22,964.2 29,499.7 32,433.0 36,405.1

5,484.6 5,880.0 6,297.7 6,532.5 6,576.8 7,207.5

21,660.1 25,498.1 27,195.5 29,068.1 30,057.1 30,216.3

33,597.4 35,822.0 40,823.0 46,297.0 52,756.0 57,461.0

10,347.0 10,635.0 11,689.0 11,969.0 12,840.0 13,860.0

22,711.0 24,694.0 28,606.0 33,791.0 39,266.0 42,953.0

33.3 25.0 25.0 33.0 33.0 33.0

† † † † † †

50.0 80.0 104.0 103.0 102.0 101.0

199.7 184.0 192.0 202.0 244.0 246.0

256.4 204.0 207.0 199.0 271.0 268.0

39,475.0 41,460.0 — — — —

1965........................ 1970........................ 1975........................ 1980........................

$31,103.5 63,312.9 81,713.9 87,626.7

$30,965.8 59,367.0 77,069.6 76,813.0

$11,283.7 27,632.3 35,136.5 35,691.8

$6,955.9 16,339.7 25,297.2 24,753.8

$2,176.2 4,572.1 5,323.1 3,448.8

$10,550.0 10,822.9 11,312.9 12,918.6

$137.7 3,945.8 4,644.3 10,813.7

† † † †

† $3,649.3 4,080.5 10,239.2

$93.6 99.4 118.0 70.8

† † † †

† † $66.2 171.0

† † † †

$44.1 197.2 379.6 332.7

— — $28,477.4 29,662.1

1985........................ 1986........................ 1987........................ 1988........................ 1989........................

78,865.9 77,955.0 79,527.4 82,297.6 87,375.1

64,455.6 64,422.7 64,586.3 66,129.4 70,838.8

27,913.0 27,485.6 27,493.0 28,252.2 29,071.8

18,454.8 18,189.9 16,148.6 16,218.7 19,474.4

3,480.7 4,223.6 4,421.9 4,537.4 4,667.4

14,607.0 14,523.6 16,522.7 17,121.1 17,625.2

14,410.4 13,532.3 14,941.2 16,168.2 16,536.3

† † † † †

13,983.5 13,125.4 14,536.9 15,796.4 16,052.2

35.3 32.6 32.8 31.4 29.9

† † $0.9 0.7 0.8

125.5 117.2 119.2 110.8 105.5

† † † † $32.3

266.1 257.1 251.5 228.9 315.5

31,552.4 32,926.4 32,657.9 25,908.8 26,056.6

Constant fiscal year 2005 dollars12

See notes at end of table.

584 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

Table 356. Federal support and estimated federal tax expenditures for education, by category: Selected fiscal years, 1965 through 2005

Table 356. Federal support and estimated federal tax expenditures for education, by category: Selected fiscal years, 1965 through 2005—Continued [In millions of dollars] On-budget support

Fiscal year 1

Total on-budget support, offbudget support, and nonfederal funds generated by federal legislation

1

Off-budget support and nonfederal funds generated by federal legislation Off-budget support

Total

Elementary and secondary

Postsecondary

Other education3

Research at educational institutions

Total

Nonfederal funds

Federal Family Education Loan Direct Loan Program5 Program4

Perkins Loans6

Income Contingent Loans7

Leveraging Supplemental Educational Educational Assistance Opportunity Partnerships8 Grants9

Work-Study Aid10

Estimated federal tax expenditures for education2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

89,244.7 95,810.3 98,038.8 108,770.2 116,722.0

73,349.5 78,416.8 79,613.3 86,948.7 85,866.0

31,236.1 34,604.5 36,759.9 39,577.5 40,639.9

19,395.7 20,022.9 18,938.0 22,903.7 20,351.2

4,806.7 5,035.4 5,254.6 5,271.8 5,640.6

17,911.1 18,754.1 18,660.9 19,195.6 19,234.2

15,895.1 17,393.5 18,425.5 21,821.5 30,856.1

† † † † $1,022.8

15,381.9 16,843.4 17,859.4 21,209.4 29,204.0

21.3 23.6 22.8 37.6 66.3

0.7 0.7 0.7 † †

84.1 86.5 94.8 93.0 91.1

69.3 119.4 128.0 237.0 232.3

337.7 319.9 319.8 244.6 239.7

27,052.6 25,860.1 26,260.0 26,967.4 28,469.3

1995........................ 1996........................ 1997........................ 1998........................ 1999........................

117,651.8 116,255.6 121,624.6 125,728.4 130,299.5

87,970.5 85,634.1 86,845.1 89,691.4 95,197.9

41,288.7 41,289.7 41,788.8 43,716.3 45,882.7

21,634.4 18,939.7 18,797.8 18,425.4 20,278.6

5,795.6 5,796.4 5,914.2 6,004.2 6,109.6

19,251.9 19,608.2 20,344.2 21,545.5 22,927.0

29,681.3 30,621.5 34,779.6 36,037.0 35,101.5

6,337.5 10,033.2 11,587.7 12,128.6 11,434.5

22,740.6 20,062.9 22,571.1 23,326.9 23,099.9

64.7 37.3 62.1 52.5 38.3

† † † † †

77.9 37.7 58.9 29.2 28.7

226.7 221.6 217.4 226.6 225.1

234.0 228.7 282.3 273.4 275.0

30,207.8 31,623.2 33,127.0 34,449.5 42,921.1

2000........................ 2001........................ 2002........................ 2003........................ 2004........................ 200511 ....................

133,874.6 143,003.6 161,266.5 178,965.4 189,241.4 199,249.2

96,248.9 103,800.0 117,387.4 130,418.5 135,122.6 141,788.2

49,041.3 53,111.3 56,703.5 62,154.7 64,271.6 67,959.2

16,808.3 16,348.5 24,683.3 30,933.2 33,270.8 36,405.1

6,142.2 6,435.1 6,769.2 6,850.0 6,746.7 7,207.5

24,257.2 27,905.2 29,231.4 30,480.7 30,833.5 30,216.3

37,625.7 39,203.6 43,879.1 48,546.8 54,118.8 57,461.0

11,587.6 11,638.9 12,564.1 12,550.6 13,171.7 13,860.0

25,434.0 27,025.1 30,747.5 35,433.1 40,280.3 42,953.0

37.3 27.4 26.9 34.6 33.9 33.0

† † † † † †

56.0 87.6 111.8 108.0 104.6 101.0

223.6 201.4 206.4 211.8 250.3 246.0

287.1 223.3 222.5 208.7 278.0 268.0

44,208.1 45,373.8 — — — —

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1On-budget support includes federal funds for education programs tied to appropriations. 2Losses of tax revenue attributable to provisions of the federal income tax laws that allow a special exclusion, exemption, or deduction from gross income or provide a special credit, preferential rate of tax, or a deferral of tax liability affecting individual or corporate income tax liabilities. 3Other education includes libraries, museums, cultural activities, and miscellaneous research. 4The William D. Ford Direct Program (commonly referred to as the Direct Loan Program), provides students with the same benefits they are currently eligible to receive under the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program, but provides loans to students through federal capital rather than through private lenders. 5Formerly the Guaranteed Student Loan program. New student loans guaranteed by the federal government and disbursed to borrowers. 6Student loans created from institutional matching funds (since 1993 one-third of federal capital contributions). Excludes repayments of outstanding loans. 7 Student loans created from institutional matching funds (one-ninth of the federal contribution). This was a demonstration project that involved only 10 institutions and had unsubsidized interest rates. Program repealed in fiscal year 1992.

8Formerly

the State Student Incentive Grant program. Provides dollar-for-dollar required state matching contributions. Starting in fiscal year 2000, under $30.0 million was dollar-for-dollar required state matching contributions, and over $30.0 million, the state matching was two-to-one. 9Institutions award grants to undergraduate students, and the federal share of such grants may not exceed 75 percent of the total grant. 10Employer contributions to student earnings are generally one-third of federal allocation. 11Estimated. 12Data adjusted by the federal funds composite deflator reported in the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Historical Tables, Fiscal Year 2006. NOTE: To the extent possible, federal education funds data represent outlays rather than obligations. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Budget Service, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Federal Support for Education, 2004, and unpublished tabulations. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix, fiscal years 1967 through 2006. National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, fiscal years 1965 through 2005. (This table was prepared November 2005.)

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 585

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

1990........................ 1991........................ 1992........................ 1993........................ 1994........................

586 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

Table 357. Federal on-budget funds for education and related programs, by agency: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2005 [In thousands of current dollars] Agency 1

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2

3

4

5

6

7

Total......................................................... $12,526,499 $23,288,120 $34,493,502 $39,027,876 $51,624,342 $71,639,520

2000

2003

2004

20051

8

9

10

11

$85,944,203 $124,374,489 $131,720,129 $141,788,214

Department of Education.................................

4,625,224

7,350,355

13,137,785

16,701,065

23,198,575

31,403,000

34,106,697

57,442,854

62,903,421

71,013,428

Department of Agriculture ............................... Department of Commerce ...............................

960,910 13,990

2,219,352 38,967

4,562,467 135,561

4,782,274 55,114

6,260,843 53,835

9,092,089 88,929

11,080,031 114,575

12,423,631 166,000

13,009,615 176,500

13,808,319 155,800

Department of Defense ...................................

821,388

1,009,229

1,560,301

3,119,213

3,605,509

3,879,002

4,525,080

5,639,857

5,684,278

5,500,008

Department of Energy .....................................

551,527

764,676

1,605,558

2,247,822

2,561,950

2,692,314

3,577,004

4,053,579

4,116,387

4,145,927

Department of Health and Human Services.... Department of Homeland Security ..................

1,796,854 †

3,675,225 †

5,613,930 †

5,322,356 †

7,956,011 †

12,469,563 †

17,670,867 †

24,704,292 226,722

25,426,845 246,970

25,922,738 226,056

Department of Housing and Urban Development..............................................

114,709

-52,768

5,314

438

118

1,613

1,400

1,200

1,500

1,300

Department of the Interior ............................... Department of Justice......................................

190,975 15,728

300,191 61,542

440,547 60,721

549,479 66,802

630,537 99,775

702,796 172,350

959,802 278,927

1,251,392 503,089

1,275,344 525,270

1,332,750 541,916

Department of Labor .......................................

424,494

1,103,935

1,862,738

1,948,685

2,511,380

3,967,914

4,696,100

5,977,300

5,687,600

5,789,100

Department of State ........................................

59,742

89,433

25,188

23,820

51,225

54,671

388,349

494,747

490,017

620,715

Department of Transportation..........................

27,534

52,290

54,712

82,035

76,186

135,816

117,054

130,300

129,090

124,800

Department of the Treasury.............................

18

1,118,840

1,247,463

290,276

41,715

49,496

83,000

300

0

0

Department of Veterans Affairs........................

1,032,918

4,402,212

2,351,233

1,289,849

757,476

1,324,382

1,577,374

2,519,896

2,844,965

3,137,329

† 88,034 37,838

7,081 78,896 45,786

2,833 176,770 19,032

1,761 198,807 4,745

8,472 249,786 93

† 290,580 10,623

† 332,500 7,243

† 525,400 13,204

† 571,000 8,237

† 550,100 8,100

†

†

†

†

1,033

3,000

3,000

3,000

3,000

5,000

† 19,446

† 33,875

† 41,083

† 60,521

† 87,481

214,600 125,721

386,000 98,900

498,000 115,400

493,000 123,600

569,000 175,200

33,019 290 14,775 †

55,487 290 22,532 †

81,847 1,946 34,800 -1,895

107,340 1,828 † 1,332

104,940 215 † 2,883

78,796 170,400 † 3,000

127,127 14,894 † 3,000

161,470 † † 3,000

184,749 † 4,000

210,513 † † 3,000

† †

† †

† †

† †

4,305 †

13,000 †

2,000 166,000

5,000 249,000

6,000 207,000

6,000 290,000

†

†

†

†

191

2,000

7,000

2,000

2,000

2,000

† 29,478

† 63,766

2,294 151,871

2,236 169,310

2,299 189,827

2,000 241,000

3,000 299,000

3,000 389,000

3,000 402,000

3,000 405,000

258,366

197,901

255,511

487,624

1,093,303

1,757,900

2,077,830

2,479,036

2,629,900

2,528,600

†

†

†

52,118

77,397

105,172

121,879

243,000

244,000

260,000

† 340 8,459 295,628 † 1,092,410 2,461 100 8,423 † 1,421

449 4,754 63,955 535,294 7,093 16,619 5,509 0 9,405 † 5,949

2,090 5,220 142,586 808,392 32,590 † 5,153 661 66,210 † 990

723 5,536 125,671 1,147,115 30,261 † 7,886 395 143,007 † 432

3,281 5,577 141,048 1,588,891 42,328 † 5,779 25 201,547 7,621 885

1,000 9,421 151,727 2,086,195 22,188 † 9,961 † 294,800 12,000 500

2,000 10,048 100,014 2,955,244 12,200 † 25,764 † † 13,000 300

2,000 11,583 100,934 3,954,505 13,400 † 40,799 † † 17,000 9,600

1,000 10,531 125,071 4,104,589 11,800 † 41,850 † † 16,000 10,000

1,000 11,139 119,325 4,224,180 8,600 † 49,826 † † 28,000 10,445

Other agencies and programs ACTION ....................................................... Agency for International Development......... Appalachian Regional Commission ............. Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Foundation...... Corporation for National and Community Service................................................... Environmental Protection Agency................ Estimated education share of federal aid to the District of Columbia.......................... Federal Emergency Management Agency... General Services Administration ................. Harry S Truman Scholarship fund................ Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development.... Institute of Museum and Library Services ... James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation ............................................. Japanese-United States Friendship Commission ........................................... Library of Congress ..................................... National Aeronautics and Space Administration ........................................ National Archives and Records Administration ........................................ National Commission on Libraries and Information Science ............................... National Endowment for the Arts ................. National Endowment for the Humanities...... National Science Foundation ....................... Nuclear Regulatory Commission ................. Office of Economic Opportunity................... Smithsonian Institution................................. United States Arms Control Agency ............ United States Information Agency ............... United States Institute of Peace................... Other agencies ................................................

†Not applicable. 1 Estimated except U.S. Department of Education, which are actual budget reports. NOTE: To the extent possible, amounts reported represent outlays, rather than obligations. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Negative amounts occur when program receipts exceed outlays.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix, fiscal years 1972 through 2006. National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, fiscal years 1970 through 2005. (This table was prepared November 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 587

Table 358. Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2005 [In thousands] Level/educational purpose, agency, and program 1 Total ..................................................

1970

1975

1980

1985

19901

19952

20003

20034

20045

20056

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

$12,526,499 $23,288,120 $34,493,502 $39,027,876 $51,624,342 $71,631,845 $85,944,203 $124,374,489 $131,720,129 $141,788,214

Elementary/secondary education .................

5,830,442

10,617,195

16,027,686

16,901,334

21,984,361

33,616,134

43,790,783

59,274,219

62,653,231

67,959,233

Department of Education7 ............................ Education for the disadvantaged............... Impact aid program8 .................................. School improvement programs9 ................ Indian education........................................ English Language Acquisition................... Special education...................................... Vocational and adult education ................. Education Reform—Goals 200010 ............

2,719,204 1,339,014 656,372 288,304 † 21,250 79,090 335,174 †

4,132,742 1,874,353 618,711 700,470 40,036 92,693 151,244 655,235 †

6,629,095 3,204,664 690,170 788,918 93,365 169,540 821,777 860,661 †

7,296,702 4,206,754 647,402 526,401 82,328 157,539 1,017,964 658,314 †

9,681,313 4,494,111 816,366 1,189,158 69,451 188,919 1,616,623 1,306,685 †

14,029,000 6,808,000 808,000 1,397,000 71,000 225,000 3,177,000 1,482,000 61,000

20,039,563 8,529,111 877,101 2,549,971 65,285 362,662 4,948,977 1,462,977 1,243,479

30,749,304 11,253,024 1,097,047 6,752,890 115,864 565,126 8,490,699 1,942,716 531,938

33,689,396 12,486,303 1,238,536 7,459,849 114,434 644,956 9,749,398 1,945,155 50,765

37,716,135 14,638,210 1,329,712 8,419,049 129,891 839,578 10,226,542 2,030,362 102,791

Department of Agriculture............................. Child nutrition programs11 ......................... McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program12 ........................................... Agricultural Marketing Service— commodities13 ..................................... Special milk program................................. Estimated education share of Forest Service permanent appropriations......

760,477 299,131

1,884,345 1,452,267

4,064,497 3,377,056

4,134,906 3,664,561

5,528,950 4,977,075

8,201,294 7,644,789

10,051,278 9,554,028

11,215,285 10,828,285

11,725,259 11,206,422

12,643,027 12,163,890

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

150,000

88,000

341,597 83,800

248,839 122,858

388,000 159,293

336,502 15,993

350,441 18,707

400,000 (11)

400,000 (11)

200,000 (11)

171,000 (11)

188,000 (11)

35,949

60,381

140,148

117,850

182,727

156,505

97,250

187,000

197,837

203,137

Department of Commerce ............................ Local public works program—school facilities14 ............................................

†

†

54,816

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

54,816

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

Department of Defense................................. Junior R.O.T.C. .......................................... Overseas dependents schools.................. Domestic schools8 ....................................

143,100 12,100 131,000 †

264,500 12,500 252,000 †

370,846 32,000 338,846 †

831,625 55,600 613,437 162,588

1,097,876 39,300 864,958 193,618

1,295,547 155,600 855,772 284,175

1,485,611 210,432 904,829 370,350

1,684,258 252,058 1,056,100 376,100

1,642,139 292,737 959,296 390,106

1,698,606 307,051 995,965 395,590

Department of Energy................................... Energy conservation for school buildings15 Pre-engineering program ..........................

200 † 200

300 † 300

77,633 77,240 393

23,031 22,731 300

15,563 15,213 350

12,646 10,746 1,900

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † †

Department of Health and Human Services Head Start16.............................................. Payments to states for AFDC work programs17 .......................................... Social Security student benefits18 .............

167,333 †

683,885 403,900

1,077,000 735,000

1,531,059 1,075,059

2,396,793 1,447,758

5,116,559 3,534,000

6,011,036 5,267,000

7,570,973 6,666,783

7,727,454 6,774,420

7,785,402 6,843,230

† 167,333

† 279,985

† 342,000

† 456,000

459,221 489,814

953,000 629,559

15,000 729,036

— 904,190

— 953,034

— 942,172

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

452

500

556

Department of Homeland Security ............... Tuition assistance for educational accreditation—Coast Guard personnel19 .........................................

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

452

500

556

Department of the Interior............................. Mineral Leasing Act and other funds Payments to states—estimated education share ................................. Payments to counties—estimated education share ................................. Indian Education Bureau of Indian Affairs schools............ Johnson-O’Malley assistance20 ............ Education construction.......................... Education expenses for children of employees, Yellowstone National Park

140,705

220,392

318,170

389,810

445,267

493,124

725,423

962,995

983,290

1,024,510

12,294

27,389

62,636

127,369

123,811

18,750

24,610

57,730

65,090

97,980

16,359

29,494

48,953

59,016

102,522

37,490

53,500

81,000

85,000

128,000

95,850 16,080 †

141,056 22,251 †

178,112 28,081 †

177,265 25,675 †

192,841 25,556 †

411,524 24,359 †

466,905 17,387 161,021

512,562 16,908 293,795

520,611 16,666 294,923

517,647 16,510 263,373

122

202

388

485

538

1,000

2,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

Department of Justice................................... Vocational training expenses for prisoners in federal prisons................................. Inmate programs21 ....................................

8,237

9,822

23,890

36,117

65,997

128,850

224,800

445,400

482,500

506,100

2,720 5,517

3,039 6,783

4,966 18,924

8,292 27,825

2,066 63,931

3,000 125,850

1,000 223,800

8,000 437,400

4,000 478,500

— 506,100

420,927 †

1,097,811 175,000

1,849,800 469,800

1,945,268 604,748

2,505,487 739,376

3,957,800 1,029,000

4,683,200 1,256,000

5,972,000 1,423,000

5,675,000 1,438,000

5,778,000 1,688,000

420,927

922,811

1,380,000

1,340,520

1,766,111

2,928,800

3,427,200

4,549,000

4,237,000

4,090,000

Department of Labor..................................... Job Corps.................................................. Training programs—estimated funds for education programs22 ......................... See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

588 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

Table 358. Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2005—Continued [In thousands] Level/educational purpose, agency, and program 1

1970

1975

1980

1985

19901

19952

20003

20034

20045

20056

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Department of Transportation ....................... Tuition assistance for educational accreditation—Coast Guard personnel19 .........................................

45

50

60

60

46

62

188

†

†

†

45

50

60

60

46

62

188

†

†

†

Department of the Treasury .......................... Estimated education share of general revenue sharing23 State24 ................................................... Local......................................................

†

847,139

935,903

273,728

†

†

†

†

†

†

† †

475,224 371,915

525,019 410,884

† 273,728

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

338,910 281,640

1,371,500 1,249,410

545,786 439,993

344,758 224,035

155,351 12,848

304,093 †

445,052 †

514,578 †

551,000 †

604,000 †

41,700 15,570

73,100 48,990

87,980 17,813

107,480 13,243

136,780 5,723

298,132 5,961

438,635 6,417

514,578 —

551,000 —

604,000 —

33,161 † † 20 1,072,375 325,700

41,667 3,686 3,686 149 16,619 †

9,157 4,989 4,989 330 † †

4,632 4,399 4,399 321 † †

93 4,641 4,641 404 † †

2,173 7,117 7,117 997 † †

2,588 6,002 6,002 812 † †

2,019 9,035 9,035 203 † †

2,495 8,951 8,951 326 † †

2,500 9,469 9,469 325 † †

42,809 144,000

16,612 †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

553,368

7

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

6,498

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

42,588

65,714

84,918

86,579

66,871

115,230

147,717

164,921

190,603

$7,644,037 $11,115,882 $11,174,379 $13,650,915 $17,618,137 $15,008,715

$29,499,694

$32,432,975

$36,405,123

Department of Veterans Affairs..................... Noncollegiate and job training programs25 Vocational rehabilitation for disabled veterans26 ........................................... Dependents’ education27 .......................... Other agencies Appalachian Regional Commission .......... National Endowment for the Arts .............. Arts in education ....................................... National Endowment for the Humanities... Office of Economic Opportunity ................ Head Start28 .......................................... Other elementary and secondary programs29 ...................................... Job Corps30 ........................................... Youth Corps and other training programs31 ...................................... Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA)32 ......................................... Other programs Estimated education share of federal aid to the District of Columbia...................

25,748

Postsecondary education ..............................

$3,447,697

Department of Education7 ............................ Student financial assistance ..................... Federal Direct Student Loan Program33 ... Federal Family Education Loan Program33 Higher education....................................... Facilities—loans and insurance33 ............. College housing loans33,34........................ Educational activities overseas ................. Historically Black Colleges and Universities Capital Financing, Program Account ................................ Gallaudet College and Howard University National Technical Institute for the Deaf....

1,187,962 † † 2,323 1,029,131 114,199 † 774

2,089,184 † † 111,087 1,838,066 16,292 † 1,881

5,682,242 3,682,789 † 1,407,977 399,787 -19,031 14,082 3,561

8,202,499 4,162,695 † 3,534,795 404,511 5,307 -164,061 1,838

11,175,978 5,920,328 † 4,372,446 659,492 19,219 -57,167 82

14,234,000 7,047,000 840,000 5,190,000 871,000 -6,000 -46,000 †

10,727,315 9,060,317 -2,862,240 2,707,473 1,530,779 -2,174 -41,886 †

22,706,436 14,092,384 5,115,949 1,216,003 1,930,342 -5,702 -31,590 †

25,340,999 14,968,595 3,246,326 4,661,638 2,041,113 -4,859 31,691 †

28,769,589 14,667,843 1,333,342 10,210,063 2,205,433 -567 -24,335 †

† 38,559 2,976

† 111,971 9,887

† 176,829 16,248

† 229,938 27,476

† 230,327 31,251

† 292,000 46,000

150 291,060 43,836

133 336,261 52,656

151 342,593 53,751

292 326,085 51,433

Department of Agriculture............................. Agriculture Extension Service, Second Morrill Act payments to agricultural and mechanical colleges and Tuskegee Institute ...............................

†

6,450

10,453

17,741

31,273

33,373

30,676

93,626

93,831

98,661

†

6,450

10,453

17,741

31,273

33,373

30,676

93,626

93,831

98,661

Department of Commerce ............................ Sea Grant Program35 ................................ Merchant Marine Academy36 .................... State marine schools36 .............................

8,277 † 6,160 2,117

14,973 1,886 10,152 2,935

29,971 3,123 14,809 12,039

2,163 2,163 † †

3,312 3,312 † †

3,487 3,487 † †

3,800 3,800 † †

4,200 4,200 † †

4,000 4,000 † †

4,000 4,000 † †

Department of Defense................................. Tuition assistance for military personnel ... Service academies.................................... Senior R.O.T.C. ......................................... Professional development education37 .....

322,100 57,500 78,700 108,100 77,800

379,800 86,800 86,200 116,500 90,300

545,000 — 106,100 — —

1,041,700 77,100 196,400 354,000 414,200

635,769 95,300 120,613 193,056 226,800

729,500 127,000 163,300 219,400 219,800

1,147,759 263,303 212,678 363,461 308,317

1,673,399 548,599 268,708 521,221 334,871

1,780,339 594,350 286,222 525,239 374,528

1,907,602 645,026 292,774 577,500 392,302

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 589

Table 358. Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2005—Continued [In thousands] Level/educational purpose, agency, and program 1

1970

1975

1980

1985

19901

19952

20003

20034

20045

20056

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Department of Energy................................... University laboratory cooperative program Teacher development projects .................. Energy conservation for buildings—higher education15 ......................................... Minority honors vocational training............ Honors research program ......................... Students and teachers ..............................

3,000 3,000 †

3,000 3,000 †

57,701 2,800 1,400

19,475 6,500 †

25,502 9,402 †

28,027 8,552 †

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † † †

† † † †

53,501 † † †

12,705 150 120 †

7,459 † 6,472 2,169

7,381 † 2,221 9,873

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

† † † †

Department of Health and Human Services Health professions training programs38 .... Indian health manpower............................ National Health Service Corps scholarships ........................................ National Institutes of Health training grants39 ............................................... National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health training grants ................... Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health training programs40 ............................. Health teaching facilities41 ........................ Social Security postsecondary students’ benefits42 ............................................

981,483 353,029 †

1,686,650 599,350 †

2,412,058 460,736 7,187

516,088 212,200 5,577

578,542 230,600 9,508

796,035 298,302 27,000

954,190 340,361 16,000

1,692,847 882,396 31,000

1,535,283 698,256 29,000

1,559,247 700,000 30,000

†

1,206

70,667

2,268

4,759

78,206

33,300

46,300

45,000

45,000

†

154,875

176,388

217,927

241,356

380,502

550,220

711,441

740,506

762,247

8,088

7,182

12,899

8,760

10,461

11,660

14,198

21,666

22,521

22,000

118,366 †

83,727 353

122,103 3,078

43,617 739

81,353 505

† 365

† 110

† 44

† †

† †

502,000

839,957

1,559,000

25,000

†

†

†

†

†

†

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

33,900 22,000

41,100 22,300

42,500 22,900

Department of Homeland Security ............... Coast Guard Academy19........................... Postgraduate training for Coast Guard officers43 ............................................. Tuition assistance to Coast Guard military personnel19 .........................................

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

8,700

8,300

8,600

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

3,200

10,500

11,000

Department of Housing and Urban Development34 ........................................ College housing loans33,34........................

114,199 114,199

-55,418 -55,418

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

Department of the Interior............................. Shared revenues, Mineral Leasing Act and other receipts—estimated education share ................................................... Indian programs Continuing education............................. Higher education scholarships ..............

31,749

50,844

80,202

125,247

135,480

159,054

187,179

234,197

246,154

269,640

6,949

15,480

35,403

71,991

69,980

82,810

98,740

135,070

142,300

164,300

9,380 15,420

13,311 22,053

16,909 27,890

24,338 28,918

34,911 30,589

43,907 32,337

57,576 30,863

71,356 27,771

76,212 27,642

78,619 26,721

Department of State ..................................... Educational exchange44 ............................ Mutual educational and cultural exchange activities ............................ International educational exchange activities............................................. Russian, Eurasian, and East European Research and Training ........................

30,850 30,850

50,347 50,347

† †

† †

2,167 —

3,000 †

319,000 319,000

387,000 387,000

399,600 399,600

528,200 528,200

30,454

50,300

†

†

—

†

303,000

372,000

381,600

509,200

396

47

†

†

—

†

16,000

15,000

18,000

19,000

†

†

†

†

2,167

3,000

†

†

†

†

Department of Transportation ....................... Merchant Marine Academy36 .................... State marine schools36 ............................. Coast Guard Academy19........................... Postgraduate training for Coast Guard officers43 ............................................. Tuition assistance to Coast Guard military personnel19 .........................................

11,197 † † 9,342

11,885 † † 9,780

12,530 † † 10,000

55,569 19,898 19,777 11,857

46,025 20,926 8,269 12,074

59,257 30,850 8,980 13,500

60,300 34,000 7,000 15,500

65,000 58,000 7,000 †

66,000 56,000 10,000 †

66,000 56,000 10,000 †

1,655

1,855

2,230

3,499

4,173

5,513

2,500

†

†

†

200

250

300

538

582

414

1,300

†

†

†

Department of the Treasury .......................... General revenue sharing—estimated state share to higher education23,24 ............

†

268,605

296,750

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

268,605

296,750

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

590 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

Table 358. Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2005—Continued [In thousands] Level/educational purpose, agency, and program 1 Department of Veterans Affairs..................... Vietnam-era veterans................................ College student support ........................ Work-study ............................................ Service persons college support............... Post-Vietnam veterans .............................. All-volunteer-force educational assistance Veterans ................................................ Reservists ............................................. Veteran dependents’ education................. Payments to state education agencies...... Other agencies Appalachian Regional Commission .......... National Endowment for the Humanities... National Science Foundation .................... Science and engineering education programs ........................................... Sea Grant Program35 ............................ United States Information Agency45 ......... Educational and cultural affairs44 .......... Educational and cultural exchange programs46 ........................................ Educational exchange activities, international....................................... Information center and library activities

1970

1975

1980

1985

19901

19952

20003

20034

20045

20056

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

693,490 638,260 † † 18,900 † † † † 36,330 †

3,029,600 2,840,600 † † 74,690 † † † † 114,310 †

1,803,847 1,579,974 1,560,081 19,893 46,617 922 † † † 176,334 †

944,091 694,217 679,953 14,264 35,630 82,554 196 † 196 131,494 †

599,825 46,998 39,458 7,540 8,911 161,475 269,947 183,765 86,182 100,494 12,000

1,010,114 † † † † 33,596 868,394 760,390 108,004 95,124 13,000

1,132,322 † † † † 3,958 984,068 876,434 107,634 131,296 13,000

2,005,318 † † † † 1,172 1,712,611 1,548,421 164,190 277,920 13,615

2,293,965 † † † † 1,044 1,942,781 1,768,253 174,528 332,140 18,000

2,533,329 † † † † 968 2,109,610 1,905,181 204,429 404,751 18,000

4,105 3,349 42,000

2,545 25,320 60,283

1,751 56,451 64,583

— 49,098 60,069

— 50,938 161,884

2,741 56,481 211,800

2,286 28,395 389,000

9,045 34,058 535,000

2,500 29,824 566,000

2,600 29,000 561,000

37,000 5,000 8,423 †

60,283 † 9,405 †

64,583 † 51,095 49,546

60,069 † 124,041 21,079

161,884 † 181,172 35,862

211,800 † 260,800 13,600

389,000 † † †

535,000 † † †

566,000 † † †

561,000 † † †

†

†

†

101,529

145,307

247,200

†

†

†

†

† 8,423

† 9,405

1,549 †

1,433 †

3 †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

Other programs Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Foundation ... Estimated education share of federal aid to the District of Columbia................... Harry S Truman Scholarship fund33 .......... Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation ..........................................

†

†

†

—

1,033

3,000

3,000

3,000

3,000

5,000

5,513 †

10,564 †

13,143 -1,895

15,266 1,332

14,637 2,883

9,468 3,000

11,493 3,000

12,668 3,000

18,380 4,000

17,755 3,000

†

†

†

—

4,305

13,000

2,000

5,000

6,000

6,000

†

†

†

—

191

2,000

7,000

2,000

2,000

2,000

Other education ..............................................

$964,719

$1,608,478

$1,548,730

$2,107,588

$3,383,031

$4,719,655

$5,484,571

$6,532,502

$6,576,820

$7,207,515

Department of Education7 ............................ Administration ........................................... Libraries47 ................................................. Rehabilitative services and disability research .............................................. American Printing House for the Blind ...... Trust funds and contributions33 .................

630,235 47,456 108,284

1,045,659 108,372 225,810

747,706 187,317 129,127

1,173,055 284,900 85,650

2,251,801 328,293 137,264

2,861,000 404,000 117,000

3,223,355 458,054 †

3,435,182 548,318 †

3,437,807 525,188 †

3,896,802 525,452 †

473,091 1,404 †

709,483 1,994 †

426,886 4,349 27

798,298 4,230 -23

1,780,360 5,736 148

2,333,000 7,000 †

2,755,468 9,368 465

2,871,797 14,875 192

2,893,992 18,627 0

3,350,748 20,602 0

Department of Agriculture............................. Extension Service ..................................... National Agricultural Library......................

135,637 131,734 3,903

220,395 215,523 4,872

271,112 263,584 7,528

336,375 325,986 10,389

352,511 337,907 14,604

422,878 405,371 17,507

444,477 424,174 20,303

473,620 450,520 23,100

462,125 439,125 23,000

467,631 445,631 22,000

Department of Commerce ............................ Maritime Administration Training for private sector employees36 .................

1,226

2,317

2,479

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

1,226

2,317

2,479

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

Department of Health and Human Services National Library of Medicine .....................

24,273 24,273

31,653 31,653

37,819 37,819

47,195 47,195

77,962 77,962

138,000 138,000

214,000 214,000

299,950 299,950

310,000 310,000

325,000 325,000

Department of Homeland Security ............... Federal Law Enforcement Training Center48 .............................................. Estimated disaster relief49.........................

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

192,370

205,370

183,000

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

185,000 7,370

147,000 58,370

171,000 12,000

5,546

42,818

27,642

25,517

26,920

36,296

34,727

19,589

25,170

25,816

2,066

5,100

7,234

4,189

6,028

12,831

22,479

17,630

15,072

15,464

2,500 980 †

5,254 1,152 31,312

7,715 2,416 10,277

10,220 83 11,025

10,548 850 9,494

11,140 325 12,000

11,962 286 †

1,959 — †

10,051 47 †

10,352 0 †

Department of Justice................................... Federal Bureau of Investigation National Academy ............................................. Federal Bureau of Investigation Field Police Academy................................... Narcotics and dangerous drug training ..... National Institute of Corrections ................ See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 591

Table 358. Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2005—Continued [In thousands] Level/educational purpose, agency, and program 1

1970

1975

1980

1985

19901

19952

20003

20034

20045

20056

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Department of State ..................................... Foreign Service Institute ........................... Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange44 ......................................

20,672 15,857

28,113 20,750

25,000 25,000

23,791 23,791

47,539 47,539

51,648 51,648

69,349 69,349

107,747 107,747

90,417 90,417

92,515 92,515

4,815

7,363

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

Department of Transportation ....................... Highways training and education grants ... Maritime Administration Training for private sector employees36 ................. Urban mass transportation—managerial training grants50 .................................. Federal Aviation Administration51 Air traffic controllers second career program...............................................

3,964 2,418

11,877 3,250

10,212 3,412

3,785 1,500

1,507 —

650 —

700 —

600 —

890 —

900 —

†

†

†

1,135

1,507

650

700

600

890

900

1,546

2,627

500

1,150

†

†

†

†

†

†

—

6,000

6,300

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Department of the Treasury .......................... Federal Law Enforcement Training Center48 ..............................................

18

3,096

14,584

16,160

41,488

48,000

83,000

†

†

†

18

3,096

14,584

16,160

41,488

48,000

83,000

†

†

†

† † 88,034 61,570 26,464 572

7,045 7,045 78,896 58,349 20,547 1,574

2,833 2,833 99,707 80,518 19,189 8,124

1,761 1,761 141,847 115,104 26,743 113

8,472 8,472 170,371 142,801 27,570 †

† † 260,408 248,408 12,000 5,709

† † 299,000 299,000 † 2,369

† † 489,200 489,200 † 2,140

† † 536,000 536,000 † 3,242

† † 513,200 513,200 † 3,000

† †

† †

† †

† †

† †

214,600 214,600

386,000 386,000

498,000 498,000

493,000 493,000

569,000 569,000

290

290

281

405

215

170,400

14,894

†

†

†

40 250 —

40 250 —

31 250 —

155 250 —

200 15 —

— — 170,400

— — 14,894

† † †

† † †

† † †

14,775

22,532

34,800

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

†

166,000

249,000

207,000

290,000

† 29,478 20,700

† 63,766 48,798

2,294 151,871 102,364

2,236 169,310 130,354

2,299 189,827 148,985

2,000 241,000 198,000

3,000 299,000 247,000

3,000 389,000 334,000

3,000 402,000 352,000

3,000 405,000 353,000

6,195 2,273 310

11,908 2,333 727

31,436 3,492 14,579

32,954 4,621 1,381

37,473 10 3,359

39,000 † 4,000

46,000 † 6,000

48,000 † 7,000

49,000 † 1,000

52,000 † 0

350

600

882

1,800

3,300

5,923

6,800

—

—

—

†

†

†

52,118

77,397

105,172

121,879

243,000

244,000

260,000

† 340 5,090 2,461

449 1,068 38,486 5,509

2,090 231 85,805 5,153

723 1,137 76,252 7,886

3,281 936 89,706 5,779

1,000 2,304 94,249 9,961

2,000 4,046 70,807 25,764

2,000 2,548 66,673 40,799

1,000 1,580 94,920 41,850

1,000 1,670 90,000 49,826

2,261

4,203

3,254

4,665

690

3,190

18,000

35,000

34,000

40,000

200

300

426

675

474

771

764

799

850

826

†

1,006

1,473

2,546

4,615

6,000

7,000

5,000

7,000

9,000

† †

† †

15,115 †

18,966 —

20,375 7,621

34,000 12,000

† 13,000

† 17,000

† 16,000

† 28,000

Other agencies ACTION52 ................................................. Estimated education funds.................... Agency for International Development ...... Education and human resources........... American schools and hospitals abroad Appalachian Regional Commission .......... Corporation for National and Community Service52 ............................................. Estimated education funds.................... Federal Emergency Management Agency53 ............................................. Estimated architect/engineer student development program...................... Estimated other training programs54 ..... Estimated disaster relief49 ..................... General Services Administration Libraries and other archival activities55 Institute of Museum and Library Services47 ....................................... Japanese-United States Friendship Commission..................................... Library of Congress............................... Salaries and expenses ...................... Books for the blind and the physically handicapped................................ Special foreign currency program...... Furniture and furnishings................... National Aeronautics and Space Administration Aerospace education services project ............................... National Archives and Records Administration Libraries and other archival activities ............................. National Commission on Libraries and Information Science......................... National Endowment for the Arts........... National Endowment for the Humanities Smithsonian Institution .......................... Museum programs and related research....................................... National Gallery of Art extension service ......................................... Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars ................................. U.S. Information Agency—Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange44 .................................. U.S. Institute of Peace ........................... See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

592 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

Table 358. Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2005—Continued [In thousands] Level/educational purpose, agency, and program 1 Other programs Estimated education share of federal aid for the District of Columbia.................. Research programs at universities and related institutions56 ................................ Department of Education57........................... Department of Agriculture............................. Department of Commerce ............................ Department of Defense................................. Department of Energy................................... Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security ............... Department of Housing and Urban Development........................................... Department of the Interior............................. Department of Justice................................... Department of Labor..................................... Department of State ..................................... Department of Transportation ....................... Department of the Treasury .......................... Department of Veterans Affairs..................... ACTION ........................................................ Agency for International Development.......... Environmental Protection Agency................. Federal Emergency Management Agency.... National Aeronautics and Space Administration ......................................... National Science Foundation ........................ Nuclear Regulatory Commission .................. Office of Economic Opportunity.................... U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency Other agencies .............................................

1970

1975

1980

1985

19901

19952

20003

20034

20045

20056

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1,758

2,335

2,990

7,156

3,724

2,457

404

1,085

1,449

2,154

$2,283,641 87,823 64,796 4,487 356,188 548,327 623,765 †

$3,418,410 82,770 108,162 21,677 364,929 761,376 1,273,037 †

$5,801,204 78,742 216,405 48,295 644,455 1,470,224 2,087,053 †

$8,844,575 $12,606,035 $15,677,919 $21,660,134 28,809 89,483 279,000 116,464 293,252 348,109 434,544 553,600 52,951 50,523 85,442 110,775 1,245,888 1,871,864 1,853,955 1,891,710 2,205,316 2,520,885 2,651,641 3,577,004 3,228,014 4,902,714 6,418,969 10,491,641 † † † †

$29,068,074 551,932 641,100 161,800 2,282,200 4,053,579 15,140,522 —

$30,057,103 435,219 728,400 172,500 2,261,800 4,116,387 15,854,108 —

$30,216,343 630,902 599,000 151,800 1,893,800 4,145,927 16,253,089 —

510 18,521 1,945 3,567 8,220 12,328 † 518 † † 19,446 †

2,650 28,955 8,902 6,124 10,973 28,478 † 1,112 36 † 33,875 †

5,314 42,175 9,189 12,938 188 31,910 226 1,600 † 77,063 41,083 1,665

438 34,422 5,168 3,417 29 22,621 388 1,000 † 56,960 60,521 1,423

118 49,790 6,858 5,893 1,519 28,608 227 2,300 † 79,415 87,481 †

1,613 50,618 7,204 10,114 23 75,847 1,496 2,500 † 30,172 125,721 †

1,400 47,200 19,400 12,900 † 55,866 † † † 33,500 98,900 †

1,200 54,200 38,100 5,300 † 64,700 300 † † 36,200 115,400 †

1,500 45,900 17,600 12,600 † 62,200 † † † 35,000 123,600 †

1,300 38,600 10,000 11,100 † 57,900 † † † 36,900 175,200 †

258,016 253,628 † 20,035 100

197,301 475,011 7,093 † †

254,629 743,809 32,590 † 661

485,824 1,087,046 30,261 † 395

1,090,003 1,427,007 42,328 † 25

1,751,977 1,874,395 22,188 † †

2,071,030 2,566,244 12,200 † †

2,479,036 3,419,505 13,400 † †

2,629,900 3,538,589 11,800 † †

2,528,600 3,663,180 8,600 † †

1,421

5,949

990

432

885

500

300

9,600

10,000

10,445

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Excludes $4,440,000,000 for federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Benefits excluded from total because data before fiscal year (FY) 1990 are not available. This program has existed since Medicare began, but was not available as a separate budget item until fiscal year 1990. 2 Excludes $7,510,000,000 for federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare. See footnote 1. 3Excludes $8,020,000,000 for federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare. See footnote 1. 4 Excludes $8,000,000,000 for federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare. See footnote 1. 5Excludes $7,342,000,000 for federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare. See footnote 1. 6Estimated. Data for the U.S. Department of Education are actual numbers and those for the other agencies are estimates. Excludes $8,033,000,000 for federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare. See footnote 1. 7The U.S. Department of Education was created in May 1980. It formerly was the Office of Education in the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. 8 This program allowed the Secretary to make arrangements for the education of children who resided on federal property when no suitable local school district could or would provide for the education of these children. 9 School Improvement programs include many programs, such as No Child Left Behind, 21st Century Community Learning Centers, Class Size Reduction, Charter Schools, and Safe and Drug-Free Schools. 10 This program included the School-To-Work Opportunities program, which initiated a national system to be administered jointly by the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor. Programs in the Education Reform program have been transferred to the School Improvement program or discontinued in FY 2002. Amounts in this program reflect balances that are spending out from prior-year appropriations. 11Starting in FY 1994, the Special Milk program was included in the Child Nutrition program. 12The Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-171) carries out preschool and school feeding programs in foreign countries to help reduce the incidence of hunger and malnutrition, and improve literacy and primary education. 13These commodities are purchased under Section 32 of the Act of August 24, 1935, for use in the child nutrition programs.

14

This program assisted in the construction of public facilities, such as vocational schools, through grants or loans. No funds have been appropriated for this account since FY 1977, and it was completely phased out in FY 1984. 15 This program was established in 1979. Funds were first appropriated for this program in FY 1980. 16 The Head Start program was formerly in the Office of Economic Opportunity, and funds were appropriated to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Child Development, beginning in 1972. 17 This program was created by the Family Support Act of 1988. It provides funds for the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training program. This activity was replaced by Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program. 18 After age 18, benefits terminate at the end of the school term or in 3 months, whichever is less. 19This program was transferred from the U.S. Department of the Treasury to the U.S. Department of Transportation in 1967. This program was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in March of 2003. 20This program provides funding for supplemental programs for eligible American Indian students in public schools. 21 This program finances the cost of academic, social, and occupational education courses for inmates in federal prisons. 22Some of the work and training programs included in this program were in the Office of Economic Opportunity and were transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in 1971 and 1972. Beginning in FY 1994, the School-to-Work Opportunities program is included. This program is administered jointly by the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor. 23 This program was established in FY 1972 and closed in FY 1986. 24The states’ share of revenue-sharing funds could not be spent on education in FYs 1981 through 1986. 25 This program provides educational assistance allowances in order to restore lost educational opportunities to those individuals whose careers were interrupted or impeded by reason of active military service between January 31, 1955, and January 1, 1977. 26This program is in “Readjustment Benefits” program, Chapter 31, and covers the costs of subsistence, tuition, books, supplies, and equipment for disabled veterans requiring vocational rehabilitation. 27This program is in the “Readjustment Benefits” program, Chapter 35, and provides benefits to children and spouses of veterans. 28 Head Start program funds were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Child Development, in 1972. 29Most of these programs were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, in 1972. 30The Job Corps programs were transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in 1971 and 1972.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 593 31These programs were

transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in 1971 and 1972. These programs were transferred to the Action Agency in 1972. exceed outlays. 34This program was transferred from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, in FY 1979. 35This program was transferred from the National Science Foundation to the U.S. Department of Commerce, October 1970. 36 This program was transferred to the U.S. Department of Transportation in FY 1981 by Public Law 97-31, from the U.S. Department of Commerce. 37Includes special education programs (military and civilian); legal education program; flight training; advanced degree program; college degree program (officers); and “Armed Forces Health Professions Scholarship” program. 38Does not include higher education assistance loans. 39 Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health training programs are included starting in FY 1992. 40Beginning in FY 1992, data were included in the National Institutes of Health training grants program. 41This program closed in FY 2004. 42 Postsecondary student benefits were ended by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-35) and were completely phased out by August 1985. 43Includes flight training. This program was in the U.S. Department of the Treasury in 1965 and was transferred to the U.S. Department of Transportation in 1967. This program was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in March of 2003. 44This program was transferred from the U.S. Department of State to the International Communication Agency (I.C.A.) in 1977. In FY 1998 pursuant to the Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998, this program was transferred to the U.S. Department of State. 45This program was transferred from the U.S. Department of State to the International Communication Agency (I.C.A.) in 1977. 46This program was in the “Educational and Cultural Affairs” program in FYs 1980 through 1983, and became an independent program in FY 1984. 47 This program was transferred to the Institute of Museum and Library Services in FY 1997. Program was formerly in the U.S. Department of Education. 48This program was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in FY 2003. 49 The disaster relief program repairs and replaces damaged and destroyed school buildings. In FY 1994 and FY 1995, funds were for repairs due to the Northridge Earthquake in California. In 32

33Negative amounts occur when program receipts

FY 1994, $37.2 million was spent on school districts; $4.2 million was spent on community colleges and $43.8 million spent on universities. In FY 1995, $74.4 million was spent on school districts; $8.4 million on community colleges and $87.6 million on colleges and universities. This program was transferred from the Federal Emergency Management Agency to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in FY 2003. 50This program was transferred to the U.S. Department of Transportation in FY 1968 from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. 51 The Federal Aviation Administration, an independent agency, was transferred to the U.S. Department of Transportation in FY 1967. 52The National Service Trust Act of 1993 established the Corporation for National and Community Service. In 1993, ACTION became part of this agency. 53The Federal Emergency Management Agency was created in 1979, representing a combination of five existing agencies. The funds for the Federal Emergency Management Agency in FY 1970 to FY 1975 were in the other agencies. This agency was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in March of 2003. 54These programs include the Fall-Out Shelter Analysis, Blast Protection Design through 1992. Starting in FY 1993, earthquake training and safety for teachers and administrators for grades 1 through 12 are included. 55This program was transferred from the General Services Administration to the National Archives and Records Administration in April 1985. 56Includes federal obligations for research and development centers and R & D plant administered by colleges and universities. FY 2003 and FY 2004 are estimated. 57 Total outlays for FYs 1965 and 1970 include the “Research and Training” program. FY 1975 includes the “National Institute of Education” program. FYs 1990 through 2005 include outlays for the Office of Educational Research and Improvement and Institute for Education Sciences. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. To the extent possible, amounts reported represent outlays rather than obligations. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Negative amounts occur when program receipts exceed outlays. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Budget Service, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix, fiscal years 1972 through 2005; National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, fiscal years 1970 through 2004. (This table was prepared July 2004.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

594 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

Table 359. Estimated federal support for education, by type of ultimate recipient and agency: Fiscal year 2005 [In millions of dollars]

Agency 1

Total

Local education agencies

State education agencies

Postsecondary students

Degreegranting institutions

Federal

Multiple types of recipients

Other1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Total2 ......................................................................................

$199,249.7

$42,448.4

$8,094.5

$42,582.8

$70,973.6

$4,772.3

$16,725.1

$13,652.7

Total program funds—on-budget ........................................ Department of Education................................................................ Department of Agriculture .............................................................. Department of Commerce .............................................................. Department of Defense .................................................................. Department of Energy .................................................................... Department of Health and Human Services................................... Department of Homeland Security ................................................. Department of Housing and Urban Development........................... Department of the Interior .............................................................. Department of Justice..................................................................... Department of Labor ...................................................................... Department of State ....................................................................... Department of Transportation......................................................... Department of Veterans Affairs.......................................................

141,788.2 71,013.4 13,808.3 155.8 5,500.0 4,145.9 25,922.7 226.1 1.3 1,332.8 541.9 5,789.1 620.7 124.8 3,137.3

42,448.4 29,162.2 11,946.8 † 307.1 † 684.3 12.0 † 145.5 † † † † †

6,415.6 4,824.7 608.2 † † † † † † 98.0 † 866.7 † † 18.0

20,092.7 14,355.9 † † 696.8 † 1,562.3 11.8 † 26.7 † † † † 3,119.3

46,317.0 14,978.1 697.7 155.8 2,419.5 4,145.9 16,943.8 8.4 1.3 202.9 10.0 11.1 † 57.9 †

4,772.3 683.2 22.0 † 1,684.4 † 325.0 193.9 † 517.6 531.9 † 92.5 56.0 †

16,725.1 2,962.1 88.0 † 392.3 † 6,407.3 † † 342.0 † 4,911.3 528.2 0.9 †

5,017.1 4,047.2 445.6 † † † † † † † † † † 10.0 †

550.1 8.1

† †

† †

† †

36.9 2.6

† †

† 5.5

513.2 †

5.0 569.0 175.2

† † †

† † †

† † †

† † 175.2

† † †

5.0 569.0 †

† † †

Other agencies and programs Agency for International Development........................................ Appalachian Regional Commission ............................................ Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Foundation ............................................................................ Corporation for National and Community Service ...................... Environmental Protection Agency............................................... Estimated education share of federal aid to the District of Columbia............................................................................... Harry S Truman scholarship fund ............................................... Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development......................................................................... Institute of Library and Museum Services .................................. James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation ...................... Japanese-United States Friendship Commission ....................... Library of Congress .................................................................... National Aeronautics and Space Administration......................... National Archives and Records Administration........................... National Commission on Libraries and Information Science ...... National Endowment for the Arts ................................................ National Endowment for the Humanities..................................... National Science Foundation ...................................................... Nuclear Regulatory Commission ................................................ Smithsonian Institution................................................................ U.S. Institute of Peace................................................................. Other agencies ...........................................................................

210.5 3.0

190.6 †

† †

† †

17.8 †

† †

2.2 3.0

† †

6.0 290.0 2.0 3.0 405.0 2,528.6 260.0 1.0 11.1 119.3 4,224.2 8.6 49.8 28.0 10.4

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † †

† † † † † † † † † † 319.8 † † † †

† † † † † 2,528.6 † † † † 3,904.4 8.6 † † 10.4

† † † † 405.0 † 260.0 † † † † † 0.8 † †

6.0 290.0 2.0 3.0 † † † † 11.2 119.3 † † 49.0 28.0 †

† † † † † † † 1.0 † † † † † † †

Off-budget support and nonfederal funds generated by federal legislation............................................................

57,461.0

†

1,678.9

22,490.0

24,656.5

†

†

8,635.6

†Not applicable. 1 Other recipients include American Indian tribes, private nonprofit agencies, and banks. 2Includes on-budget funds, off-budget support, and nonfederal funds generated by federal legislation. Excludes federal tax expenditures. NOTE: Outlays by type of recipient are estimated based on obligation data. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Budget Service, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix, Fiscal Year 2006. National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, Fiscal Years 2003, 2004, and 2005. (This table was prepared November 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 595

_

Table 360. U.S. Department of Education outlays, by type of recipient and level of education: Selected fiscal years, 1980 through 2005 [In millions of current dollars]

Year and level of education 1

Total

Local education agencies

State education agencies

Postsecondary students

Postsecondary institutions

Federal

Multiple types of recipients

Other

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1980 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

$13,137.8 6,629.1 5,682.2 747.7 78.7

$5,313.7 5,309.4 † 4.3 †

$1,103.2 662.2 99.5 341.5 †

$2,137.4 34.2 2,103.2 † †

$2,267.2 22.0 2,166.5 † 78.7

$249.8 62.5 † 187.3 †

$693.8 513.4 † 180.4 †

$1,372.7 25.5 1,313.0 34.2 †

1984 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

15,534.7 6,220.8 7,341.2 1,813.1 159.6

5,256.5 5,252.4 † 4.1 †

1,879.0 536.0 211.5 1,131.5 †

2,193.4 55.5 2,137.9 † †

2,167.4 35.3 1,972.5 † 159.6

330.2 22.9 † 307.3 †

516.7 259.9 † 256.8 †

3,191.4 58.8 3,019.3 113.3 †

1988 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

18,326.9 8,098.4 8,247.1 1,939.0 42.4

6,614.8 6,606.3 † 8.5 †

2,234.6 717.9 184.6 1,332.1 †

3,103.4 66.2 3,037.2 † †

2,519.5 39.5 2,437.6 † 42.4

319.4 23.8 † 295.6 †

838.8 616.7 † 222.1 †

2,696.3 28.0 2,587.7 80.6 †

1990 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

23,198.6 9,681.3 11,176.0 2,251.8 89.5

8,000.7 7,995.0 † 5.7 †

2,490.3 700.3 261.6 1,528.5 †

3,859.6 80.5 3,779.1 † †

3,649.8 85.4 3,475.0 † 89.5

441.4 113.1 † 328.3 †

912.2 650.7 † 261.5 †

3,844.4 56.3 3,660.4 127.8 †

1994 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

29,713.4 13,769.2 12,871.4 2,796.0 276.8

10,935.6 10,929.2 † 6.4 †

3,264.8 1,354.0 53.0 1,857.8 †

4,800.5 159.9 4,640.6 † †

4,831.3 275.2 4,279.3 † 276.8

504.5 60.9 † 443.6 †

1,258.2 902.1 † 356.1 †

4,118.5 87.9 3,898.5 132.1 †

1995 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

31,403.0 14,029.0 14,234.0 2,861.0 279.0

11,210.7 11,203.3 † 7.4 †

3,584.0 1,410.0 250.8 1,923.2 †

4,964.7 190.5 4,774.2 † †

5,016.1 170.1 4,567.0 † 279.0

485.4 70.3 † 415.1 †

1,349.2 946.9 † 402.3 †

4,792.9 37.9 4,642.0 113.0 †

1996 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

29,977.8 14,323.8 12,257.6 3,085.6 310.9

11,077.8 11,073.1 † 4.7 †

3,669.6 1,650.7 90.7 1,928.2 †

5,129.8 161.1 4,968.7 † †

5,053.4 141.5 4,601.0 † 310.9

562.1 59.2 † 502.9 †

1,682.3 1,201.4 † 480.9 †

2,802.9 36.8 2,597.2 168.9 †

1998 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

31,559.0 16,001.8 12,122.3 2,893.7 541.2

12,094.5 12,086.7 † 7.8 †

3,978.2 1,920.5 57.8 1,999.9 †

5,362.0 265.5 5,096.5 † †

5,910.2 162.4 5,206.6 † 541.2

465.8 52.7 † 413.1 †

1,769.0 1,454.7 † 314.3 †

1,979.3 59.3 1,761.4 158.6 †

2000 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

34,106.7 20,039.6 10,727.3 3,223.4 116.5

16,016.0 16,003.5 † 12.5 †

4,316.5 1,989.6 55.2 2,271.7 †

4,711.7 260.5 4,451.2 † †

5,005.7 198.9 4,690.3 † 116.5

506.6 48.5 † 458.1 †

1,820.2 1,461.8 † 358.4 †

1,730.1 76.8 1,530.6 122.7 †

2002 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

46,324.4 25,246.2 17,056.2 3,396.8 625.2

19,742.1 19,729.2 † 12.9 †

4,967.8 2,429.8 199.2 2,338.8 †

8,306.0 490.0 7,816.0 † †

8,668.2 454.9 7,588.1 † 625.2

608.9 77.6 † 531.3 †

2,200.3 1,829.5 † 370.8 †

1,831.3 235.3 1,452.9 143.1 †

2004 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

62,864.6 36,925.2 21,589.5 3,751.7 598.2

28,630.4 28,608.0 † 22.4 †

6,946.3 3,916.3 400.4 2,629.6 †

10,023.5 637.5 9,386.0 † †

10,381.1 783.4 8,999.5 † 598.2

648.9 126.4 † 522.5 †

2,857.9 2,441.0 † 416.9 †

3,376.4 412.6 2,803.5 160.3 †

2005 total........................................................................................ Elementary/secondary................................................................ Postsecondary ............................................................................ Other programs........................................................................... Education research and statistics ...............................................

71,013.4 37,716.1 28,769.6 3,896.8 630.9

29,162.2 29,141.6 † 20.6 †

7,522.7 3,972.2 802.9 2,747.6 †

13,753.4 715.9 13,037.5 † †

13,181.7 789.9 11,760.9 † 630.9

683.2 157.7 † 525.5 †

2,959.5 2,523.9 † 435.6 †

3,750.7 415.0 3,168.2 167.5 †

†Not applicable. NOTE: Other recipients include American Indian tribes, private nonprofit agencies, and banks. Outlays by type of recipient are estimated based on obligation data. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, fiscal years 1982 through 2006. U.S. Department of Education, Office of the Deputy Secretary, Budget Office, and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

596 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

_

Table 361. U.S. Department of Education appropriations for major programs, by state or jurisdiction: Fiscal year 2004 [In thousands]

State or jurisdiction 1

Block grants to states Grants for the for school Total disadvantaged1 improvement2

School assistance in federally affected areas3

Vocational Education and adult for the education4 handicapped5

Language assistance6

American Indian education

Degreegranting institutions7

Student financial Rehabilitation assistance8 services9

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Total, 50 states and D.C.10 .................

$53,989,179

$13,566,485

$5,892,003

$1,048,228

$1,823,341

$10,653,463

$542,302

$95,933

$1,933,684

$15,825,875

$2,607,866

Total, 50 states, D.C., other activities, and other jurisdictions......

56,415,663

14,288,727

6,199,159

1,159,991

1,895,927

10,900,168

681,215

95,933

1,981,849

16,503,812

2,708,882

Alabama .......................... Alaska.............................. Arizona ............................ Arkansas.......................... California .........................

971,504 262,694 1,247,016 574,081 6,702,294

216,080 43,743 268,007 139,907 2,105,302

97,680 30,641 103,904 62,504 738,558

2,981 101,071 154,088 654 65,347

32,882 5,700 36,763 19,891 224,481

172,447 33,945 166,854 108,076 1,166,585

1,879 862 16,454 1,872 161,549

1,734 9,518 9,956 1,085 6,460

71,425 13,605 25,742 29,628 171,207

318,609 13,855 414,762 175,529 1,802,367

55,786 9,756 50,486 34,937 260,438

Colorado .......................... Connecticut...................... Delaware.......................... District of Columbia ......... Florida..............................

655,053 476,906 150,179 444,909 2,720,223

137,375 124,009 36,949 54,513 672,757

68,300 57,159 30,669 30,191 279,005

15,995 6,745 84 1,768 11,772

24,361 17,126 6,923 6,166 103,041

140,982 126,836 31,394 16,488 592,150

7,070 5,381 725 680 36,273

650 0 0 0 50

24,924 12,318 7,234 261,533 52,488

207,592 107,154 26,432 60,325 840,139

27,805 20,179 9,769 13,244 132,547

Georgia............................ Hawaii .............................. Idaho................................ Illinois............................... Indiana.............................

1,527,380 243,798 264,039 2,201,727 967,867

436,563 49,294 52,447 583,773 193,848

172,667 30,929 32,160 245,737 95,340

19,955 44,980 6,481 19,870 142

56,064 8,816 9,876 72,918 39,305

292,011 38,434 51,805 483,587 243,556

11,255 2,187 1,298 25,929 4,276

4 0 365 102 0

60,884 17,684 6,918 65,787 27,516

398,891 40,108 87,705 604,610 301,170

79,087 11,366 14,985 99,415 62,714

Iowa ................................. Kansas............................. Kentucky .......................... Louisiana ......................... Maine...............................

497,986 492,616 796,814 1,051,886 244,374

74,907 103,490 200,066 305,048 52,341

48,059 50,988 92,279 132,655 35,052

449 21,050 564 8,681 2,385

18,780 17,228 29,745 35,284 8,473

115,509 102,617 153,456 177,342 53,006

2,193 2,976 1,812 2,328 500

148 972 0 771 128

21,829 23,694 28,507 46,272 10,677

187,534 143,384 240,437 297,700 66,015

28,577 26,217 49,949 45,806 15,798

Maryland.......................... Massachusetts................. Michigan .......................... Minnesota ........................ Mississippi .......................

769,381 1,060,810 1,721,750 765,431 734,896

182,573 260,543 467,795 120,343 184,211

85,993 111,975 209,962 75,528 88,065

6,986 755 3,851 13,638 3,642

28,496 31,239 60,890 27,277 22,675

191,196 268,610 379,978 181,571 113,772

5,868 9,673 8,220 6,109 972

176 48 3,126 3,281 363

36,590 34,580 32,871 28,727 31,789

191,196 295,765 462,829 266,467 249,028

40,306 47,622 92,226 42,490 40,379

Missouri ........................... Montana........................... Nebraska ......................... Nevada ............................ New Hampshire ...............

1,014,445 261,444 370,240 258,739 190,854

211,579 46,588 59,602 72,791 33,838

107,997 36,236 39,522 34,938 32,828

20,125 41,092 20,050 3,591 8

36,367 7,559 10,945 13,044 8,308

214,198 35,591 70,652 62,989 45,631

3,130 500 1,864 5,707 533

79 2,948 662 748 0

27,172 17,442 10,699 4,611 5,639

334,956 62,108 138,632 46,246 52,795

58,842 11,381 17,614 14,074 11,274

New Jersey ...................... New Mexico ..................... New York.......................... North Carolina ................. North Dakota ...................

1,237,628 553,966 4,262,351 1,400,050 199,753

298,626 130,625 1,374,189 315,387 34,672

136,516 53,922 490,180 141,347 31,032

15,485 85,010 11,285 14,447 27,064

44,172 14,051 108,542 53,705 5,832

342,268 86,420 730,008 295,267 25,704

16,278 5,494 47,908 8,884 500

63 7,962 2,965 3,518 1,567

25,320 26,431 71,845 66,149 11,196

304,140 121,420 1,283,073 416,413 52,520

54,759 22,631 142,355 84,934 9,665

Ohio ................................. Oklahoma ........................ Oregon............................. Pennsylvania.................... Rhode Island ...................

1,896,513 781,499 605,314 1,969,524 231,194

450,224 162,251 160,699 489,460 51,457

210,413 81,276 63,025 221,395 30,858

2,569 37,641 3,042 1,261 4,076

70,043 25,175 21,517 71,344 8,759

415,057 139,221 122,415 405,852 42,459

6,439 2,916 4,952 9,384 1,768

0 21,995 2,435 0 0

39,182 41,276 13,003 44,945 6,673

586,876 229,885 181,624 605,674 74,259

115,710 39,863 32,601 120,209 10,884

South Carolina................. South Dakota ................... Tennessee ....................... Texas ............................... Utah .................................

787,697 443,482 1,011,588 4,521,245 446,421

187,751 39,789 227,346 1,309,715 60,677

80,758 31,431 104,873 509,263 39,420

3,244 42,130 2,636 77,710 9,179

29,386 6,343 38,362 153,289 17,739

167,496 30,689 220,855 894,651 102,053

2,443 535 3,686 74,350 3,397

0 3,048 0 319 1,044

39,759 8,193 39,374 128,426 14,013

230,228 271,518 311,653 1,175,386 173,860

46,633 9,805 62,804 198,136 25,041

Vermont ........................... Virginia............................. Washington...................... West Virginia.................... Wisconsin ........................ Wyoming..........................

156,953 1,495,837 962,235 405,323 832,676 146,590

32,987 221,503 208,448 105,989 179,775 34,633

30,274 107,971 97,266 50,557 92,517 30,190

6 38,472 53,018 22 12,553 8,577

5,641 42,325 34,131 13,363 33,544 5,458

24,943 265,781 211,817 72,712 200,319 26,209

500 7,273 9,607 500 4,914 500

134 10 4,406 0 2,538 553

7,963 43,584 32,330 22,354 36,662 5,012

44,737 706,974 263,774 114,290 216,321 26,906

9,768 61,942 47,436 25,535 53,532 8,553

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 597

Table 361. U.S. Department of Education appropriations for major programs, by state or jurisdiction: Fiscal year 2004—Continued [In thousands]

State or jurisdiction 1 Other activities Indian Tribe (Set-Aside) Other............................ Other jurisdictions American Samoa ......... Guam ........................... Marshall Islands........... Federated States of Micronesia ............. Northern Mariana Islands ................... Palau............................ Puerto Rico.................. Virgin Islands ...............

Block grants to states Grants for the for school 1 Total disadvantaged improvement2

School assistance in federally affected areas3

Vocational Education and adult for the 4 education handicapped5

Language assistance6

American Indian education

Degreegranting institutions7

Student financial Rehabilitation services9 assistance8

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

274,722 412,880

101,862 79,678

34,950 50,413

0 109,968

14,938 21,243

87,103 22,579

5,000 127,782

0 0

0 0

0 0

30,870 1,217

29,305 48,543 1,903

9,845 8,648 0

7,712 11,292 0

0 0 0

409 876 0

5,935 14,636 0

1,162 1,200 0

0 0 0

540 1,734 1,903

2,692 8,186 0

1,010 1,971 0

15,204

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1,607

13,597

0

20,130 1,775 1,581,295 40,725

4,282 0 505,426 12,501

4,366 0 188,443 9,980

0 0 1,600 195

511 159 33,318 1,131

4,973 0 102,328 9,151

912 0 2,725 132

0 0 0 0

1,605 1,615 36,716 2,445

2,297 0 648,134 3,030

1,183 0 62,605 2,160

1Title I, formerly called Chapter 1, Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981, includes Grants to Local Education Agencies (Basic, Concentration, Targeted, and Education Finance Incentive Grants; Reading First State grants); Even Start; Migrant Education grants; Neglected and Delinquent Children grants; and Comprehensive School Reform Grants. 2Title VI, formerly called Chapter 2, Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981, includes Teacher Quality State Grants; 21st Century Community Learning Centers; Educational Technology State Grants; State Grants for Innovation Programs; State Assessments, including No Child Left Behind; Education for the Homeless Children and Youth; Rural and Low-Income Schools Program; Small, Rural School Achievement Program; Fund for the Improvement of Education—Comprehensive School Reform; Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities State Grants; State Grants for Community Services for Expelled or Suspended Students; and Mathematics and Science Partnerships. 3Includes Impact Aid—Basic Support Payments; Impact Aid—Payments for Children with Disabilities; and Impact Aid—Construction. 4Includes Vocational Education State Grants; English Literacy and Civics Education State Grants; Tech-Prep Education; State Grants for Incarcerated Youth Offenders; and Adult Basic and Literacy Education State Grants. 5Includes Special Education—Grants to States; Preschool Grants; and Grants for Infants and Families with Disabilities.

6Includes

Language Assistance State Grants. Institutional Aid to Strengthen Higher Education Institutions serving significant numbers of low-income students; Other Special Programs for the Disadvantaged; Cooperative Education; Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education; Fellowships and Scholarships; and annual interest subsidy grants for facilities construction. 8Includes Pell Grants; Leveraging Educational Assistance Partnership, formerly the State Student Incentive Grants; Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants; Federal Work-Study; Guaranteed Student Loans interest subsidies; and Federal Perkins Loans— Capital Contributions. 9Includes Rehabilitation Services—Vocational Rehabilitation Grants to States; Supported Employment State Grants; Client Assistance State Grants; and Independent Living State Grants; Services for Older Blind Individuals; Protection and Advocacy for Assistive Technology; and Protection and Advocacy of Individual Rights. 10Total excludes other activities and other jurisdictions. NOTE: Data reflect revisions to figures in the Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2006. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Office of Management and Budget, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared July 2005.) 7Includes

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

598 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

_

Table 362. Appropriations for Title I, No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, by type of appropriation and state or jurisdiction: Fiscal years 2004 and 2005 [In thousands] Fiscal year 2005 State agency programs

State or jurisdiction 1

Total, fiscal year 2004

Grants to local education Neglected and Delinquent Total agencies1

Comprehensive Migrant School Reform

Even Start

Reading First State Grants

State Grants for Innovative Programs, State fiscal year Assessments, 2005 fiscal year 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Total, 50 states and D.C.2

$13,566,485

$13,906,260

$12,140,934

$47,649

$376,580

$187,255

$195,352

$958,489

$194,234

$389,521

Total, 50 states, D.C., other activities, and other jurisdictions......

14,288,727

14,651,638

12,739,571

49,600

390,428

205,344

225,095

1,041,600

198,400

411,680

Alabama .................................... Alaska........................................ Arizona ...................................... Arkansas.................................... California ...................................

216,081 43,743 268,007 139,907 2,105,301

223,002 44,767 287,362 145,535 2,115,160

194,434 33,703 248,135 124,322 1,782,922

1,202 264 1,744 303 3,240

2,704 6,801 6,410 5,142 126,526

2,988 495 3,667 1,881 27,680

3,051 1,014 3,899 1,927 27,810

18,623 2,491 23,507 11,961 146,982

2,873 985 3,839 1,758 24,373

6,599 3,624 7,809 5,202 33,527

Colorado .................................... Connecticut................................ Delaware.................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

137,375 124,009 36,949 54,513 672,757

146,309 121,985 38,414 54,866 707,175

123,665 107,594 33,817 49,954 609,443

483 1,077 294 138 1,709

7,457 2,996 303 438 22,742

1,917 1,772 495 732 8,722

1,911 1,618 1,014 1,014 9,666

10,877 6,928 2,491 2,590 54,893

2,924 2,212 985 985 10,170

6,663 5,771 3,643 3,332 15,739

Georgia...................................... Hawaii ........................................ Idaho.......................................... Illinois......................................... Indiana.......................................

436,563 49,294 52,447 583,772 193,848

455,777 53,414 52,558 597,357 198,259

401,779 47,518 42,115 538,448 172,071

1,090 244 184 1,971 1,207

8,643 739 4,536 2,333 5,166

6,129 669 690 8,371 2,869

6,314 1,014 1,014 8,402 2,650

31,822 3,229 4,020 37,833 14,295

5,804 985 985 8,309 4,160

10,270 3,942 4,201 13,407 8,211

Iowa ........................................... Kansas....................................... Kentucky .................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine.........................................

74,907 103,490 200,066 305,048 52,341

73,979 101,097 215,023 313,969 55,920

63,983 80,341 185,539 277,777 48,790

518 400 772 1,233 194

1,669 11,548 7,160 2,408 2,087

1,132 1,352 2,731 4,130 704

1,014 1,214 2,923 4,401 1,014

5,663 6,242 15,897 24,020 3,131

1,814 1,793 2,564 3,024 985

5,272 5,246 6,211 6,788 3,975

Maryland.................................... Massachusetts........................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi .................................

182,573 260,543 467,795 120,343 184,211

190,256 255,654 485,184 123,757 190,685

171,796 230,405 434,040 108,893 167,439

1,140 1,728 592 176 764

524 1,775 8,546 2,357 1,358

2,645 3,578 6,560 1,729 2,496

2,721 3,507 6,717 1,654 2,590

11,430 14,660 28,730 8,948 16,038

3,593 3,862 6,703 3,271 1,952

7,500 7,837 11,396 7,097 5,445

Missouri ..................................... Montana..................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire .........................

211,578 46,588 59,602 72,791 33,838

222,339 47,378 62,092 76,563 36,742

196,279 41,625 50,867 67,770 32,310

1,298 134 263 268 324

1,618 953 5,133 224 142

3,072 596 819 990 460

3,069 1,014 1,014 1,076 1,014

17,003 3,057 3,996 6,234 2,491

3,668 985 1,135 1,481 985

7,594 3,720 4,421 4,856 4,035

New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York.................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota .............................

298,627 130,624 1,374,190 315,388 34,672

302,752 123,757 1,355,345 331,745 36,395

271,609 109,295 1,232,206 287,345 32,136

2,548 324 3,143 854 69

2,034 865 9,468 6,952 221

4,358 1,781 18,841 4,462 464

4,141 1,700 19,191 4,560 1,014

18,062 9,792 72,497 27,573 2,491

5,544 1,306 11,760 5,308 985

9,944 4,636 17,730 9,648 3,488

Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon....................................... Pennsylvania.............................. Rhode Island .............................

450,223 162,251 160,699 489,460 51,457

432,138 160,319 152,461 534,771 53,522

385,984 140,047 124,284 476,974 47,986

2,685 589 1,251 977 509

2,466 2,010 12,899 10,390 69

6,656 2,259 2,222 7,036 759

5,981 2,157 1,919 7,467 1,014

28,367 13,256 9,886 31,928 3,184

7,355 2,248 2,217 7,536 985

12,212 5,815 5,777 12,439 3,810

South Carolina........................... South Dakota ............................. Tennessee ................................. Texas ......................................... Utah ...........................................

187,750 39,789 227,346 1,309,714 60,677

201,109 41,226 230,018 1,370,937 65,480

178,282 36,167 203,229 1,173,904 55,430

1,261 244 472 2,742 677

536 815 531 57,381 1,736

2,668 495 3,234 17,685 884

2,819 1,014 3,220 18,550 1,014

15,542 2,491 19,332 100,675 5,740

2,646 985 3,587 15,713 1,817

6,314 3,639 7,492 22,681 5,276

Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................ West Virginia.............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming....................................

32,987 221,503 208,448 105,989 179,775 34,633

34,080 242,750 213,876 114,096 181,537 35,366

29,144 216,198 176,327 103,025 162,951 30,640

397 977 710 475 1,240 549

608 793 15,455 84 614 217

426 3,377 2,934 1,492 2,702 455

1,014 3,409 2,756 1,615 2,519 1,014

2,491 17,996 15,695 7,405 11,512 2,491

985 4,635 3,924 1,027 3,522 985

3,472 8,805 7,915 4,286 7,412 3,400

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 599

Table 362. Appropriations for Title I, No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, by type of appropriation and state or jurisdiction: Fiscal years 2004 and 2005—Continued [In thousands] Fiscal year 2005 State agency programs

State or jurisdiction 1

Total, fiscal year 2004

Grants to local education Neglected and Delinquent Total agencies1

Comprehensive Migrant School Reform

Even Start

Reading First State Grants

State Grants for Innovative Programs, State fiscal year Assessments, 2005 fiscal year 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Other activities Indian Tribe Set-Aside............ Other nonstate allocations .....

101,862 79,678

102,599 80,221

91,322 8,436

0 1,240

0 10,000

1,567 9,103

4,502 16,631

5,208 34,810

0 0

2,000 11,680

Other jurisdictions American Samoa ................... Guam ..................................... Northern Marianas................. Puerto Rico............................ Virgin Islands .........................

9,845 8,648 4,282 505,426 12,501

10,554 9,411 4,453 524,699 13,441

8,462 7,546 3,660 467,838 11,371

0 0 0 711 0

0 0 0 3,849 0

132 117 60 6,932 177

307 274 133 7,484 412

1,653 1,474 600 37,885 1,481

263 566 177 2,778 382

379 815 256 6,479 551

1Includes

Basic, Concentration, Targeted, and Education Finance Incentive Grants. excludes other activities and other jurisdictions. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. These are preliminary estimates for fiscal year 2005. 2Total

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Budget Service, Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education Analysis Division, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

600 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

_

Table 363. U.S. Department of Agriculture obligations for child nutrition programs, by state or jurisdiction: Fiscal years 2003 and 2004 [In thousands of dollars] Fiscal year 2004

State or jurisdiction 1 3

State administrative expenses

Commodities and cash in lieu of commodities2

Child and adult care

Summer food service

Total, fiscal year 2003

Total

Special milk

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

School lunch1 School breakfast

United States .................

$11,072,230

$11,545,006

$14,371

$6,495,288

$1,732,059

$136,667

$988,881

$1,932,125

$245,614

Alabama ................................... Alaska....................................... Arizona ..................................... Arkansas................................... California ..................................

218,757 30,965 225,404 132,302 1,434,712

216,062 31,145 242,291 135,003 1,493,347

58 8 126 26 687

127,226 18,293 143,895 74,373 892,272

34,236 3,598 36,114 23,396 229,241

2,641 516 2,801 1,736 17,158

14,742 1,511 16,012 9,996 106,217

32,785 6,876 42,104 23,428 232,699

4,373 343 1,239 2,048 15,074

Colorado ................................... Connecticut............................... Delaware................................... District of Columbia .................. Florida.......................................

105,213 88,247 28,525 26,330 638,052

109,780 89,000 30,731 38,099 655,189

136 355 33 6 89

66,229 54,357 14,135 14,398 376,648

13,490 11,598 3,852 3,808 103,116

1,443 1,096 509 417 7,223

8,076 10,932 2,362 13,968 51,907

19,602 9,870 8,525 3,121 99,946

805 791 1,316 2,382 16,260

Georgia..................................... Hawaii ....................................... Idaho......................................... Illinois........................................ Indiana......................................

442,516 45,378 46,057 437,349 188,472

482,052 43,172 48,530 446,795 205,058

28 8 201 2,671 288

261,885 28,001 30,546 255,714 118,015

84,096 6,336 7,019 43,093 26,511

5,172 622 612 5,629 2,281

48,973 2,818 3,434 38,193 25,537

70,993 4,648 4,395 91,681 28,532

10,905 740 2,323 9,815 3,894

Iowa .......................................... Kansas...................................... Kentucky ................................... Louisiana .................................. Maine........................................

99,987 102,728 186,933 276,131 38,547

99,363 110,506 200,009 290,600 39,258

95 136 103 46 79

55,782 56,285 111,633 156,763 19,940

11,418 13,438 37,571 49,631 5,124

1,281 1,469 2,262 3,431 626

11,363 8,816 17,429 22,438 3,231

18,384 28,900 23,675 51,246 9,457

1,040 1,461 7,336 7,045 801

Maryland................................... Massachusetts.......................... Michigan ................................... Minnesota ................................. Mississippi ................................

154,491 180,479 290,336 179,696 190,011

155,757 182,209 294,187 183,696 197,519

414 448 765 904 6

83,998 91,712 167,524 83,472 113,322

21,066 22,637 41,549 18,185 38,939

2,121 2,487 3,593 2,726 2,260

12,710 18,127 28,433 19,685 13,338

31,999 42,156 48,595 55,948 25,598

3,448 4,642 3,729 2,774 4,055

Missouri .................................... Montana.................................... Nebraska .................................. Nevada ..................................... New Hampshire ........................

211,783 33,446 72,924 53,818 23,012

219,698 38,599 76,049 57,731 24,862

425 37 80 88 195

121,694 15,946 35,914 38,065 13,544

34,239 3,805 7,054 9,426 2,691

2,535 584 1,178 665 380

19,049 8,716 8,896 4,738 4,766

35,296 8,645 22,108 4,015 2,634

6,460 866 819 733 653

New Jersey ............................... New Mexico .............................. New York................................... North Carolina .......................... North Dakota ............................

223,633 122,330 782,836 365,074 25,483

229,955 124,640 770,045 382,468 26,006

781 14 934 164 93

131,050 57,136 429,700 205,617 11,252

22,298 18,708 101,436 62,954 2,332

2,775 1,739 9,308 4,499 510

23,340 7,809 58,453 31,466 2,415

43,021 34,094 136,674 73,019 8,940

6,691 5,141 33,542 4,749 463

Ohio .......................................... Oklahoma ................................. Oregon...................................... Pennsylvania............................. Rhode Island ............................

328,420 178,656 115,154 322,719 33,954

349,495 189,681 120,755 347,428 34,112

724 54 148 710 94

193,723 93,504 63,794 198,589 19,438

47,164 31,218 22,782 44,476 4,570

4,026 2,430 1,585 3,766 536

41,058 13,961 9,085 37,675 2,050

57,444 46,242 21,721 49,741 6,409

5,357 2,272 1,640 12,471 1,016

South Carolina.......................... South Dakota ............................ Tennessee ................................ Texas ........................................ Utah ..........................................

194,990 31,666 227,281 1,196,411 89,676

206,122 32,811 246,625 1,270,382 95,540

10 37 37 73 61

118,039 17,558 139,614 741,731 52,134

38,370 3,999 39,009 248,395 8,786

2,234 518 2,908 13,088 1,336

17,179 3,920 20,264 83,041 11,507

22,405 6,086 38,604 159,437 19,948

7,886 694 6,190 24,617 1,768

Vermont .................................... Virginia...................................... Washington............................... West Virginia............................. Wisconsin ................................. Wyoming...................................

17,625 197,086 188,073 80,555 151,369 16,639

18,005 211,645 195,938 80,472 159,232 17,352

113 233 268 34 1,223 23

8,849 124,205 108,928 42,497 87,785 8,566

2,745 30,809 26,674 14,958 12,170 1,930

351 1,681 2,443 1,107 2,025 350

1,736 22,542 18,227 5,638 19,422 1,683

3,861 26,978 36,864 14,565 33,660 4,553

349 5,196 2,534 1,675 2,948 247

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 601

Table 363. U.S. Department of Agriculture obligations for child nutrition programs, by state or jurisdiction: Fiscal years 2003 and 2004—Continued [In thousands of dollars] Fiscal year 2004

State or jurisdiction 1

Total, fiscal year 2003

Total

Special milk

State administrative expenses

Commodities and cash in lieu of commodities2

Child and adult care

Summer food service

6

7

8

9

10

0

School lunch1 School breakfast

2

3

4

Other activities Administrative costs and other costs ...................... Department of Defense dependents schools........

8,833

9,576

0

0

0

772

8,804

0

6,774

5,341

0

5,328

12

0

0

0

0

Other jurisdictions.................. American Samoa .................. Guam .................................... Northern Marianas................ Puerto Rico........................... Virgin Islands ........................ Undistributed4

198,086 0 5,015 0 186,171 6,900 24,348

194,531 0 5,945 0 181,784 6,801 185,323

1 0 0 0 0 1 -396

119,555 0 4,340 0 111,077 4,138 9,500

30,181 0 1,353 0 28,131 697 24,654

2,603 0 213 0 2,145 245 -472

12,867 0 0 0 12,317 550 36,766

19,949 0 39 0 19,353 557 103,622

9,376 0 0 0 8,762 614 11,648

1

Includes the Special Meal Assistance program. Commodities are based on preliminary food orders for fiscal year 2004. other activities, other jurisdictions, and undistributed. 4Undistributed amount reflects the difference between preliminary state earnings reports and federal obligations as of September 30, 2004. Undistributed amount under school lunch includes obligations for American Samoa and the Northern Marianas Islands. 2

3Excludes

5

NOTE: Data are based on obligations as reported September 30, 2004. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Budget Division, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

602 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

_

Table 364. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services allocations for Head Start and enrollment in Head Start, by state or jurisdiction: Fiscal years 2001 through 2004 2001 State or jurisdiction 1 5

2002 Enrollment1

Allocations in thousands

2

3

Allocations in thousands

2003 Enrollment2

Allocations in thousands

4

5

2004 Enrollment3

Allocations in thousands

Enrollment4

6

7

8

9

United States ........................................

$5,346,145

804,598

$5,627,581

810,472

$5,739,294

808,140

$5,828,994

797,579

Alabama .......................................................... Alaska.............................................................. Arizona ............................................................ Arkansas.......................................................... California .........................................................

95,374 11,656 89,629 57,381 758,591

16,498 1,586 12,865 10,818 97,667

100,154 12,104 96,913 61,024 801,430

16,529 1,839 13,297 10,930 98,687

103,588 12,126 100,174 62,645 811,487

16,509 1,817 13,215 10,915 98,767

105,500 12,353 102,023 63,808 823,694

16,374 1,634 13,215 10,879 98,933

Colorado .......................................................... Connecticut...................................................... Delaware.......................................................... District of Columbia ......................................... Florida..............................................................

61,805 47,931 11,831 23,203 236,056

9,826 7,207 2,243 3,343 34,657

65,716 49,985 12,286 24,091 252,370

9,872 7,224 2,231 3,403 35,610

66,428 50,604 12,537 24,408 255,501

9,843 7,129 2,214 3,403 35,350

67,676 51,401 12,771 24,865 260,307

9,820 7,148 2,197 3,403 35,574

Georgia............................................................ Hawaii .............................................................. Idaho................................................................ Illinois............................................................... Indiana.............................................................

151,340 21,166 20,158 248,855 85,241

23,140 3,073 2,890 39,805 14,256

161,740 21,977 21,663 259,780 88,667

23,414 3,073 3,347 39,619 14,145

163,757 22,248 21,820 263,047 93,523

23,400 3,063 2,939 39,640 14,148

166,837 22,665 22,411 267,111 95,093

23,450 3,063 2,957 39,672 14,234

Iowa ................................................................. Kansas............................................................. Kentucky .......................................................... Louisiana ......................................................... Maine...............................................................

47,381 44,951 99,054 128,484 24,770

7,689 7,897 16,419 21,969 3,958

49,495 47,909 103,473 135,048 26,661

7,620 8,013 16,190 22,136 4,002

50,109 49,503 104,829 141,892 26,991

7,717 7,924 16,091 22,108 3,970

51,050 50,433 106,799 144,497 27,344

7,775 7,949 16,071 21,982 3,979

Maryland.......................................................... Massachusetts................................................. Michigan .......................................................... Minnesota ........................................................ Mississippi .......................................................

71,713 99,675 215,873 65,523 149,606

10,487 13,004 35,112 10,164 26,624

74,929 104,182 225,290 69,643 155,259

10,527 13,040 35,269 10,331 26,742

75,851 105,476 228,045 70,369 157,165

10,235 12,981 35,099 10,332 26,762

77,277 107,299 232,215 71,119 160,121

10,344 13,011 35,124 10,339 26,754

Missouri ........................................................... Montana........................................................... Nebraska ......................................................... Nevada ............................................................ New Hampshire ...............................................

108,305 18,944 32,142 18,367 12,388

17,718 2,971 4,982 2,694 1,632

113,256 20,117 34,580 19,786 12,861

17,646 2,982 5,252 2,754 1,632

115,663 20,365 35,008 23,315 13,018

17,573 2,952 5,203 2,754 1,632

117,837 20,747 35,709 23,698 13,257

17,473 2,945 5,080 2,754 1,632

New Jersey ...................................................... New Mexico ..................................................... New York.......................................................... North Carolina ................................................. North Dakota ...................................................

120,245 45,919 398,522 124,580 15,750

15,329 7,618 48,952 18,991 2,287

125,176 49,185 418,239 132,667 16,036

15,262 7,749 49,493 19,202 2,307

126,711 50,852 422,350 137,403 16,697

15,099 7,651 49,473 19,125 2,357

127,761 51,790 430,086 139,360 17,009

15,130 7,451 49,300 19,098 2,353

Ohio ................................................................. Oklahoma ........................................................ Oregon............................................................. Pennsylvania.................................................... Rhode Island ...................................................

226,942 72,190 54,785 209,346 20,412

38,072 13,228 9,129 31,104 3,150

236,999 76,910 57,105 219,115 21,184

38,081 13,460 9,199 30,986 3,150

239,770 78,784 57,704 222,603 21,446

38,017 13,474 9,052 30,908 3,150

244,102 80,249 58,893 226,002 21,802

38,029 13,474 8,716 30,868 3,150

South Carolina................................................. South Dakota ................................................... Tennessee ....................................................... Texas ............................................................... Utah .................................................................

74,963 17,513 107,146 429,075 35,858

12,184 2,925 16,344 67,572 5,403

78,507 18,079 112,344 454,292 36,270

12,248 2,827 16,507 67,664 5,527

80,223 18,301 116,072 475,422 36,709

12,248 2,827 16,473 67,764 5,527

81,718 18,644 118,217 474,092 37,399

12,248 2,827 16,437 67,785 5,518

Vermont ........................................................... Virginia............................................................. Washington...................................................... West Virginia.................................................... Wisconsin ........................................................ Wyoming..........................................................

12,553 89,890 92,257 46,713 83,337 10,760

1,573 13,612 11,106 7,590 13,478 1,757

13,023 95,366 97,247 48,625 86,941 11,882

1,573 13,772 11,167 7,650 13,489 1,803

13,183 96,214 98,022 49,227 88,082 12,028

1,573 13,768 11,001 7,650 13,515 1,803

13,429 98,142 100,193 50,152 89,784 12,252

1,569 13,768 1,118 7,650 13,532 1,793

See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 603

Table 364. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services allocations for Head Start and enrollment in Head Start, by state or jurisdiction: Fiscal years 2001 through 2004—Continued 2001 State or jurisdiction 1

2002

2003

2004

Allocations in thousands

Enrollment1

Allocations in thousands

Enrollment2

Allocations in thousands

Enrollment3

Allocations in thousands

Enrollment4

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Other activities Migrant programs......................................... Support activities ......................................... American Indian/Alaska Native programs.... Training and other assistance ...................... Research, demonstration, and evaluation.... Monitoring program review...........................

246,905 — 171,289 — — —

33,355 † 23,632 † † †

257,815 210,255 181,794 — — —

33,850 † 23,837 † † †

260,201 † 183,412 169,688 20,000 26,051

33,609 † 23,802 † † †

264,621 † 186,704 174,078 20,000 39,746

33,154 † 23,737 † † †

Other jurisdictions......................................... Puerto Rico.................................................. Pacific jurisdictions....................................... Virgin Islands ...............................................

240,376 216,476 14,381 9,519

43,650 35,894 6,209 1,547

259,125 234,304 14,943 9,878

44,290 36,920 6,209 1,161

268,137 243,016 15,128 9,992

44,057 36,687 6,209 1,161

261,973 246,792 7,262 7,919

41,500 37,498 3,060 942

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1The distribution of enrollment by age was as follows: 4 percent were 5 years old and over; 54 percent were 4-year-olds; 35 percent were 3-year-olds; and 7 percent were under 3 years of age. Handicapped children accounted for 13 percent in Head Start programs. The racial/ethnic composition was American Indian/Alaska Native, 4 percent; Hispanic, 30 percent; Black, 34 percent; White, 30 percent; Asian, 2 percent; and Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 1 percent. 2The distribution of enrollment by age was as follows: 5 percent were 5 years old and over; 52 percent were 4-year-olds; 36 percent were 3-year-olds; and 7 percent were under 3 years of age. Handicapped children accounted for 13 percent in Head Start programs. The racial/ethnic composition was American Indian/Alaska Native, 3 percent; Hispanic, 30 percent; Black, 33 percent; White, 28 percent; Asian, 2 percent; and Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 1 percent. 3The distribution of enrollment by age was as follows: 5 percent were 5 years old and over; 53 percent were 4-year-olds; 34 percent were 3-year-olds; and 8 percent were under 3

years of age. Handicapped children accounted for 12.5 percent in Head Start programs. The racial/ethnic composition was American Indian/Alaska Native, 3.1 percent; Hispanic, 30.5 percent; Black, 31.5 percent; White, 27.9 percent; Asian, 1.8 percent; and Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander, 1.0 percent. 4 The distribution of enrollment by age was as follows: 5 percent were 5 years old and over; 52 percent were 4-year-olds; 34 percent were 3-year-olds; and 9 percent were under 3 years of age. Handicapped children accounted for 12.7 percent in Head Start programs. The racial/ethnic composition was American Indian/Alaska Native, 3.1 percent; Hispanic, 31.2 percent; Black, 31.1 percent; White, 26.9 percent; Asian, 1.8 percent; Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander; 0.9 percent; and multiracial/other, 5.0 percent. 5 Excludes other activities and other jurisdictions. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Human Development Services, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

604 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

_

Table 365. Federal science and engineering obligations to colleges and universities, by agency and state or jurisdiction: Fiscal year 2003 [In thousands of dollars]

State or jurisdiction 1

Total

Department of Agriculture

Department of Defense

Department of Education

Environmental Department Protection of Energy Agency

Department National of Health Aeronautics and Human and Space Services Administration

National Science Foundation

Other1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

United States2 .................. Alabama .................................... Alaska........................................ Arizona ...................................... Arkansas.................................... California ...................................

$26,522,155 448,686 88,205 302,847 93,662 3,530,082

$1,120,725 32,693 11,022 14,261 27,701 47,288

$2,525,399 32,398 9,671 19,068 2,517 292,225

$226,610 4,124 1,131 7,122 1,196 19,281

$760,176 9,818 3,869 7,371 372 111,093

$142,639 834 476 2,709 473 15,131

$15,809,087 280,161 7,801 136,899 49,295 2,149,585

$1,258,293 41,394 12,524 22,792 1,683 218,138

$3,926,093 37,010 23,389 81,236 8,388 624,512

$753,133 10,254 18,322 11,389 2,037 52,829

Colorado .................................... Connecticut................................ Delaware.................................... District of Columbia ................... Florida........................................

661,423 478,978 80,992 203,537 628,408

16,708 9,350 7,405 2,090 32,276

22,965 18,104 12,607 21,691 91,075

3,707 4,450 1,283 5,234 8,324

16,642 9,672 3,734 1,640 22,143

2,143 4,282 1,694 60 5,035

279,880 377,067 26,219 141,772 280,629

61,085 4,297 1,204 7,649 33,049

192,583 37,912 23,321 13,779 124,451

65,710 13,844 3,525 9,622 31,426

Georgia...................................... Hawaii ........................................ Idaho.......................................... Illinois......................................... Indiana.......................................

597,036 180,643 54,629 974,748 351,787

35,635 13,403 12,411 29,753 23,533

93,131 41,090 7,867 60,008 26,440

6,561 3,073 1,289 13,389 3,377

11,043 2,376 564 29,912 21,419

2,367 1,022 0 5,437 2,043

337,598 42,943 11,449 593,918 179,596

20,656 11,131 3,350 13,949 8,981

81,055 26,392 12,744 216,411 83,488

8,990 39,213 4,955 11,971 2,910

Iowa ........................................... Kansas....................................... Kentucky .................................... Louisiana ................................... Maine.........................................

300,415 153,618 217,601 259,877 44,223

33,387 18,032 29,049 23,037 9,430

10,255 9,815 3,889 21,015 6,760

1,908 5,385 3,378 1,973 1,148

6,855 5,964 5,521 5,562 1,233

3,326 1,279 954 3,254 1,004

194,794 78,001 125,081 153,908 3,414

9,033 2,753 5,629 12,811 873

29,607 26,464 20,870 29,806 16,739

11,250 5,925 23,230 8,511 3,622

Maryland.................................... Massachusetts........................... Michigan .................................... Minnesota .................................. Mississippi .................................

1,520,402 1,489,621 821,689 355,594 185,724

18,084 11,196 34,961 24,795 48,531

379,773 116,881 75,539 11,554 34,575

9,198 7,092 7,454 3,055 2,407

13,134 78,205 28,526 7,517 8,133

4,591 9,955 8,190 870 0

723,720 912,419 477,608 235,568 47,946

245,887 57,806 14,253 6,194 15,273

91,187 268,530 161,944 60,668 15,460

34,828 27,537 13,214 5,373 13,399

Missouri ..................................... Montana..................................... Nebraska ................................... Nevada ...................................... New Hampshire .........................

617,884 100,565 125,980 81,164 163,697

32,812 18,622 19,802 4,398 5,525

14,922 8,587 14,957 8,597 4,730

4,383 1,825 1,526 713 364

6,424 1,853 2,874 25,464 936

2,387 0 0 0 0

496,302 32,010 62,637 20,276 91,751

11,592 8,193 2,711 3,328 11,664

45,396 25,829 18,167 13,930 14,857

3,666 3,646 3,306 4,458 33,870

New Jersey ................................ New Mexico ............................... New York.................................... North Carolina ........................... North Dakota .............................

433,152 173,477 2,138,072 1,065,329 78,570

12,896 12,814 40,426 45,510 17,191

47,829 32,115 93,631 66,827 17,395

1,603 1,690 11,278 8,666 209

10,339 5,465 89,239 15,301 6,545

2,739 605 16,894 10,698 1,128

239,454 66,939 1,424,776 784,835 17,178

14,882 22,959 34,649 8,115 4,847

92,598 28,923 348,368 104,202 11,450

10,812 1,967 78,811 21,175 2,627

Ohio ........................................... Oklahoma .................................. Oregon....................................... Pennsylvania.............................. Rhode Island .............................

683,792 148,435 326,441 1,570,869 133,184

30,525 21,371 18,307 31,062 5,649

80,010 7,016 15,036 219,074 15,840

8,020 3,220 2,949 9,963 1,864

17,039 5,346 5,818 32,451 3,247

1,174 315 6,102 5,858 728

430,599 57,699 205,330 1,050,316 63,633

27,848 20,119 8,485 32,078 9,140

75,550 24,763 51,684 182,823 26,409

13,027 8,586 12,730 7,244 6,674

South Carolina........................... South Dakota ............................. Tennessee ................................. Texas ......................................... Utah ...........................................

216,619 42,357 458,667 1,719,056 282,629

18,601 11,651 28,335 55,508 11,382

19,593 3,870 15,391 237,479 45,020

4,083 370 4,980 17,854 1,774

3,003 0 9,372 34,785 9,314

237 0 1,557 3,656 3,317

122,424 10,796 348,628 1,120,038 150,487

12,529 1,190 8,692 73,519 26,914

17,384 13,745 37,718 152,152 31,901

18,765 735 3,994 24,065 2,520

Vermont ..................................... Virginia....................................... Washington................................ West Virginia.............................. Wisconsin .................................. Wyoming....................................

97,456 458,744 720,595 62,296 571,891 26,807

12,983 26,018 24,277 14,348 29,374 5,307

1,228 47,693 55,681 1,608 26,390 3,967

537 5,674 1,301 898 4,061 266

1,385 8,482 22,851 2,366 26,482 1,477

1,769 31 4,576 0 1,536 203

67,696 242,782 473,625 16,553 358,439 6,613

1,022 39,351 9,324 21,004 10,642 1,102

8,693 68,662 107,532 1,350 106,460 7,601

2,143 20,051 21,428 4,169 8,507 271

Other jurisdictions ........... American Samoa ....................... Guam......................................... Puerto Rico................................ Trust Territory of the Pacific ....... Virgin Islands .............................

131,743 1,759 5,246 117,465 3,231 4,042

23,935 1,744 2,935 13,909 3,231 2,116

3,027 0 176 2,851 0 0

2,682 0 205 2,477 0 0

750 0 0 750 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

67,186 0 1,576 64,564 0 1,046

4,471 0 0 4,471 0 0

28,154 0 188 27,197 0 769

1,538 15 166 1,246 0 111

1

Includes U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, U.S. Department of the Interior, Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of Labor, U.S. Department of State, U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, General Services Administration, Office of Justice Programs, Social Security Administration, and Nuclear Regulatory Commission. 2Excludes other jurisdictions. NOTE: Dollars reflect actual obligations during the fiscal year regardless of when the funds were actually spent by a recipient institution. Data are not comparable with Digest of Edu-

cation Statistics tables for previous years because prior to fiscal year 1999, data include obligations to federally funded research and development centers administered by colleges and universities. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Federal Science and Engineering Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions, Fiscal Year 2003. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 605

.

Table 366. Summary of federal funds for research, development, and R&D plant, by performers and fields of science: Fiscal years 1997 through 2005 [In millions of current dollars] Actual

Performers and fields of science

Estimated Percent change, 2005 2004 to 2005

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

Total outlays for research, development, and R&D plant ................................................................. Research and development ......................................... R&D plant ....................................................................

$70,892.0 68,897.2 1,994.8

$72,295.6 70,434.5 1,861.1

$72,613.9 70,585.2 2,028.7

$74,077.0 69,807.3 4,269.7

$79,692.2 75,335.7 4,356.5

$85,100.8 80,712.5 4,388.3

$93,938.6 89,780.7 4,157.9

$100,939.2 97,273.9 3,665.2

$106,722.7 103,086.9 3,635.8

5.7 6.0 -0.8

Total obligations for research, development, and R&D plant .................................................................

71,744.7

73,743.5

77,386.6

77,356.1

84,003.0

90,157.7

97,927.9

106,488.4

110,193.1

3.5

Research and development obligations......................

69,829.9

71,903.3

75,340.8

72,863.2

79,933.2

85,853.0

93,661.3

102,720.5

106,486.7

3.7

Performers Federal intramural1 ...................................................... Industrial firms ............................................................. FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms................... Universities and colleges ............................................. FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges... Other nonprofit institutions........................................... FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions .......... State and local governments ....................................... Foreign.........................................................................

16,720.0 31,418.0 1,128.2 12,561.1 3,701.1 2,962.1 821.0 261.1 257.5

17,114.0 31,839.7 1,188.8 13,365.9 3,890.2 3,155.1 603.0 447.5 299.1

18,084.7 31,901.6 1,328.1 14,959.1 3,896.5 3,608.8 913.3 357.5 291.3

17,149.8 27,735.5 1,100.9 16,815.1 4,053.2 4,216.6 1,231.5 224.0 336.7

20,219.8 27,006.2 1,186.6 19,587.9 4,617.7 5,138.8 1,269.1 450.6 456.5

21,044.8 29,538.2 1,351.1 21,290.1 4,641.2 5,739.1 1,404.8 452.2 391.6

22,861.6 33,852.7 1,507.6 22,693.5 4,754.2 5,706.7 1,352.8 400.0 532.4

24,718.4 38,935.6 1,562.4 23,960.8 4,951.5 6,106.2 1,587.6 501.3 396.8

24,812.1 42,937.8 1,639.3 23,900.3 4,955.4 5,971.5 1,463.9 419.3 387.1

0.4 10.3 4.9 -0.3 0.1 -2.2 -7.8 -16.4 -2.4

29,365.6

30,922.3

33,527.5

38,470.5

44,713.7

48,006.7

51,071.8

54,449.7

54,698.0

0.5

7,667.2 4,392.1 759.6 11,173.2 2,598.9 2,294.9 217.5 144.0 118.1

7,964.7 4,635.1 844.1 11,741.0 2,743.0 2,425.2 214.5 240.1 114.5

8,685.8 4,579.8 879.3 13,203.8 2,554.1 2,806.7 469.5 232.4 116.1

9,449.6 4,801.2 700.3 16,015.9 2,773.2 3,719.8 696.1 162.5 152.0

11,130.9 5,262.3 822.3 18,657.1 3,096.3 4,577.9 739.4 308.7 118.9

11,857.4 5,786.8 937.3 20,285.4 3,219.4 4,723.0 749.6 275.5 172.3

12,419.6 6,042.4 1,103.5 21,676.5 3,272.6 5,196.3 779.0 305.8 276.1

13,298.5 6,607.9 1,157.7 22,865.5 3,493.6 5,544.4 829.8 363.7 288.6

13,282.5 6,686.8 1,232.8 22,994.5 3,518.3 5,520.0 845.8 327.4 289.9

-0.1 1.2 6.5 0.6 0.7 -0.4 1.9 -10.0 0.5

12,661.3 545.4 4,148.7 3,045.7 1,671.8 5,690.3 696.3 906.1

13,557.6 591.0 4,209.7 3,062.0 1,836.8 5,895.4 806.1 963.7

15,422.5 632.6 4,066.2 3,095.3 1,980.6 6,263.4 854.9 1,212.1

17,964.7 1,626.7 4,787.9 3,328.8 2,205.6 6,346.4 1,050.3 1,160.2

23,057.3 741.9 4,600.8 3,251.7 2,610.6 8,197.0 1,008.6 1,245.8

25,476.8 905.9 4,983.2 3,418.3 2,630.7 8,274.9 1,038.5 1,278.4

27,772.2 1,104.4 5,021.6 3,740.9 1,104.4 8,405.1 1,025.8 1,329.3

29,745.9 1,149.8 5,384.3 3,957.3 1,149.8 9,043.6 1,067.2 1,295.8

29,790.6 1,157.0 5,373.4 3,915.9 1,157.0 9,147.1 1,081.4 1,391.2

0.2 0.6 -0.2 -1.0 0.6 1.1 1.3 7.4

14,942.2

15,613.0

17,443.7

19,569.8

21,958.1

23,668.3

24,751.4

26,436.4

26,860.3

1.6

2,688.6 1,166.7 294.7 7,695.8

2,917.8 1,119.7 326.4 7,952.2

3,255.2 1,082.8 313.4 9,107.1

3,621.8 1,356.5 171.3 10,056.7

4,193.8 917.1 175.1 11,792.2

4,460.0 1,231.9 239.6 12,668.2

4,662.1 1,279.6 312.8 13,151.8

4,814.2 1,677.4 332.4 13,759.5

5,106.5 1,674.8 342.2 13,924.5

6.1 -0.2 2.9 1.2

1,600.0 1,289.6

1,642.3 1,397.6

1,565.5 1,650.0

1,674.0 1,985.3

1,762.1 2,441.7

1,805.2 2,531.7

1,827.8 2,703.9

2,037.1 2,951.5

1,985.0 2,920.6

-2.6 -1.0

88.4 68.4 49.9

121.8 84.9 50.4

354.9 61.4 53.4

521.6 75.7 106.9

540.5 71.5 64.0

563.4 71.5 96.8

582.1 85.4 146.1

621.0 89.5 153.8

655.1 93.1 158.5

5.5 4.0 3.1

7,203.8 293.9 2,976.4 1,543.5 661.4 1,583.0 221.0 459.3

7,853.4 312.0 2,941.4 1,528.7 705.5 1,594.4 224.8 452.7

9,197.1 347.3 3,089.8 1,615.7 734.9 1,639.7 246.5 572.5

10,049.0 817.8 3,470.6 1,838.4 798.3 1,764.2 308.0 523.6

12,835.5 292.9 3,327.1 1,663.0 957.8 1,911.5 278.4 691.7

14,024.1 464.6 3,405.9 1,833.3 998.7 1,864.9 361.7 715.2

14,765.3 543.8 3,454.0 1,899.5 1,120.2 1,913.1 352.8 702.7

15,494.9 559.0 3,850.2 2,145.3 1,171.4 2,152.0 357.9 705.6

15,669.0 574.4 3,849.8 2,127.1 1,186.3 2,362.0 369.9 721.8

1.1 2.8 0.0 -0.9 1.3 9.8 3.3 2.3

1

Research obligations ................................................... Performers Federal intramural1 ................................................... Industrial firms.......................................................... FRDCs2 administered by industrial firms ................. Universities and colleges ......................................... FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges Other nonprofit institutions ....................................... FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions ...... State and local governments.................................... Foreign ..................................................................... Fields of science Life sciences ............................................................ Psychology............................................................... Physical sciences..................................................... Environmental sciences ........................................... Mathematics and computer sciences....................... Engineering.............................................................. Social sciences ........................................................ Other sciences ......................................................... Basic research obligations................................ Performers Federal intramural1 ........................................... Industrial firms .................................................. FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms ....... Universities and colleges.................................. FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges......................................................... Other nonprofit institutions................................ FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions..................................................... State and local governments ............................ Foreign ............................................................. Fields of science Life sciences..................................................... Psychology ....................................................... Physical sciences ............................................. Environmental sciences.................................... Mathematics and computer sciences ............... Engineering ...................................................... Social sciences................................................. Other sciences.................................................. See notes at end of table.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

606 CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

Table 366. Summary of federal funds for research, development, and R&D plant, by performers and fields of science: Fiscal years 1997 through 2005—Continued [In millions of current dollars] Actual

Performers and fields of science 1 Applied research obligations ............................ Performers Federal intramural1 ........................................... Industrial firms .................................................. FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms ....... Universities and colleges.................................. FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges......................................................... Other nonprofit institutions................................ FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions..................................................... State and local governments ............................ Foreign ............................................................. Fields of science Life sciences..................................................... Psychology ....................................................... Physical sciences ............................................. Environmental sciences.................................... Mathematics and computer sciences ............... Engineering ...................................................... Social sciences................................................. Other sciences.................................................. Development obligations .......................................... Performers Federal intramural1 ................................................... Industrial firms.......................................................... FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms............... Universities and colleges ......................................... FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges Other nonprofit institutions ....................................... FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions ...... State and local governments.................................... Foreign ..................................................................... R&D plant obligations ................................................... Performers Federal intramural1 ...................................................... Industrial firms ............................................................. FFRDCs2 administered by industrial firms................... Universities and colleges ............................................. FFRDCs2 administered by universities and colleges... Other nonprofit institutions........................................... FFRDCs2 administered by nonprofit institutions .......... State and local governments ....................................... Foreign.........................................................................

Estimated

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

14,423.4

15,309.3

16,083.7

18,900.7

22,755.6

24,338.4

26,320.4

28,013.3

27,837.7

-0.6

4,978.7 3,225.5 464.9 3,477.4

5,046.9 3,515.4 517.7 3,788.9

5,430.6 3,497.0 565.8 4,096.7

5,827.8 3,444.6 528.9 5,959.2

6,937.2 4,345.2 647.2 6,864.9

7,397.4 4,554.9 697.7 7,617.2

7,757.5 4,762.8 790.7 8,524.7

8,484.3 4,930.5 825.2 9,106.0

8,175.9 5,012.0 890.6 9,070.0

-3.6 1.7 7.9 -0.4

998.8 1,005.3

1,100.7 1,027.7

988.6 1,156.7

1,099.2 1,734.5

1,334.2 2,136.2

1,414.1 2,191.3

1,444.8 2,492.5

1,456.6 2,592.9

1,533.3 2,599.4

5.3 0.2

129.2 75.5 68.2

92.6 155.2 64.1

114.6 171.0 62.8

174.5 86.9 45.1

198.9 237.1 54.9

186.2 204.0 75.6

197.0 220.4 130.0

208.8 274.2 134.8

190.7 234.3 131.4

-8.7 -14.5 -2.5

5,457.6 251.5 1,172.4 1,502.2 1,010.5 4,107.3 475.3 446.8 40,464.3

5,704.1 279.0 1,268.3 1,533.2 1,131.4 4,301.0 581.3 510.9 40,981.0

6,225.3 285.3 976.4 1,479.5 1,245.7 4,623.7 608.3 639.6 41,813.1

7,915.7 808.9 1,317.3 1,490.3 1,407.3 4,582.2 742.3 636.6 34,392.7

10,221.8 449.0 1,273.6 1,588.6 1,652.8 6,285.5 730.2 554.1 35,219.5

11,452.7 441.3 1,577.4 1,585.0 1,632.0 6,410.0 676.9 563.3 37,846.3

13,007.0 560.6 1,567.6 1,841.4 1,552.2 6,492.0 673.0 626.6 42,589.5

14,251.0 590.8 1,534.1 1,812.0 1,634.4 6,891.6 709.2 590.2 48,270.9

14,121.6 582.5 1,523.6 1,788.8 1,655.1 6,785.1 711.6 669.4 51,788.7

-0.9 -1.4 -0.7 -1.3 1.3 -1.5 0.3 13.4 7.3

9,052.7 27,025.8 368.6 1,387.9 1,102.1 667.2 603.4 117.1 139.3

9,149.3 27,204.6 344.7 1,624.8 1,147.2 729.9 388.5 207.4 184.6

9,398.9 27,321.8 448.8 1,755.3 1,342.3 802.0 443.7 125.1 175.2

7,700.2 22,934.4 400.6 799.3 1,279.9 496.8 535.4 61.5 184.7

9,088.9 21,744.0 364.3 930.8 1,521.4 560.8 529.7 141.9 337.6

9,187.4 23,751.4 413.7 1,004.7 1,421.8 1,016.1 655.2 176.7 219.2

10,442.0 27,810.3 404.1 1,017.0 1,481.6 510.3 573.7 94.1 256.3

11,419.9 32,327.7 404.7 1,095.3 1,457.9 561.7 757.7 137.6 108.3

11,529.7 36,251.0 406.5 905.8 1,437.1 451.5 618.0 91.9 97.3

1.0 12.1 0.4 -17.3 -1.4 -19.6 -18.4 -33.2 -10.2

1,914.8

1,840.2

2,045.8

4,492.8

4,069.8

4,304.7

4,266.5

3,767.8

3,706.4

-1.6

608.3 389.8 60.5 238.6 548.8 16.7 52.0 — 0.1

475.3 487.7 45.6 139.5 663.6 10.9 12.1 — 5.5

483.3 544.7 172.8 141.2 615.5 12.2 70.7 5.3 —

573.3 2,814.6 27.6 213.5 613.8 55.5 193.5 0.9 0.1

520.4 2,179.8 41.8 284.7 615.9 27.9 357.5 1.4 40.4

414.8 2,524.9 109.1 241.1 583.3 29.1 388.8 2.0 11.7

609.7 1,817.0 145.7 686.9 578.4 70.7 333.9 0.8 23.4

464.2 1,875.5 182.4 347.2 568.7 54.8 250.8 0.8 23.4

476.2 1,895.8 83.7 395.8 541.9 60.3 228.3 0.9 23.4

2.6 1.1 -54.1 14.0 -4.7 10.0 -9.0 10.0 #

—Not available. #Rounds to zero. 1 Includes costs associated with the administration of intramural and extramural programs by federal personnel as well as actual intramural performance. 2Federally funded research and development centers.

2004

Percent change, 2005 2004 to 2005

NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Totals do not include the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, 1997 through 2005. (This table was prepared November 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 4: Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 607

Table 367. Federal obligations for research and development and R&D plant, by agency and state or jurisdiction: Fiscal year 2003 [In thousands of dollars]

State or jurisdiction 1

Department Department Total of Agriculture of Commerce

Department of Defense

Department of Energy

Department National of Health Environmental Aeronautics and Human Department Department of Protection and Space Services of the Interior Transportation Agency Administration

National Science Foundation

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

United States1 .....

$95,484,042

$2,037,785

$1,264,235

$41,924,362

$8,432,727

$26,936,400

$598,544

$709,852

$565,588

$9,103,362

$3,911,187

Alabama ....................... Alaska........................... Arizona ......................... Arkansas....................... California ......................

3,025,373 379,931 1,895,092 145,761 17,929,551

25,575 53,000 31,583 35,850 132,948

1,872 32,218 2,911 0 51,328

2,031,197 205,780 1,449,240 6,739 9,099,754

11,652 9,586 6,291 312 1,688,098

408,508 14,824 184,004 89,558 3,543,466

2,206 24,488 14,494 1,790 77,298

10,060 2,471 4,875 1,609 24,354

2,287 0 173 411 16,347

513,534 12,591 75,155 1,054 2,661,015

18,482 24,973 126,366 8,438 634,943

Colorado ....................... Connecticut................... Delaware....................... District of Columbia ...... Florida...........................

1,709,088 2,116,697 92,325 2,934,854 2,695,089

46,801 9,719 5,218 160,581 56,115

149,918 6,090 5,441 11,089 52,842

474,759 1,484,391 17,922 1,276,568 1,538,664

163,051 26,623 3,302 513,726 14,956

395,189 487,525 34,725 290,892 385,321

89,966 1,337 463 2,412 36,836

20,246 3,510 1,574 214,888 24,989

4,073 4,509 2,090 64,191 18,136

156,435 56,143 2,208 288,008 462,241

208,650 36,850 19,382 112,499 104,989

Georgia......................... Hawaii ........................... Idaho............................. Illinois............................ Indiana..........................

1,521,757 351,566 223,160 2,022,396 573,563

68,698 27,529 24,942 57,976 19,395

2,062 28,929 1,104 16,547 2,751

441,001 170,481 21,335 206,078 209,295

37,660 3,437 138,796 654,992 21,458

849,456 69,702 16,850 834,359 221,501

6,706 8,900 5,139 1,460 2,575

5,657 862 1,069 10,088 5,961

7,679 344 195 4,687 1,749

34,046 18,158 3,988 19,254 13,296

68,792 23,224 9,742 216,955 75,582

Iowa .............................. Kansas.......................... Kentucky ....................... Louisiana ...................... Maine............................

495,252 191,904 235,150 498,732 145,837

81,945 19,129 13,554 49,420 8,830

803 401 738 4,457 4,078

82,783 25,247 28,964 135,399 22,227

31,316 11,419 6,619 6,157 1,736

246,479 97,151 150,295 205,125 90,201

1,944 2,655 1,691 15,341 2,323

12,061 6,003 4,011 2,181 708

1,674 1,261 759 3,127 923

11,006 3,602 9,198 53,979 1,375

25,241 25,036 19,321 23,546 13,436

Maryland....................... Massachusetts.............. Michigan ....................... Minnesota ..................... Mississippi ....................

7,910,377 5,389,976 1,690,226 865,464 1,198,223

159,640 25,173 27,482 31,440 95,549

491,759 42,577 20,478 9,096 12,250

3,462,120 1,973,113 789,407 225,045 967,038

27,491 103,529 29,682 12,310 4,142

2,327,588 2,687,012 643,817 489,864 45,530

18,461 15,815 9,036 7,345 3,610

21,532 58,613 18,458 2,056 1,500

10,184 14,874 11,155 17,822 1,493

1,286,886 199,542 15,380 10,996 59,465

104,716 269,728 125,331 59,490 7,646

Missouri ........................ Montana........................ Nebraska ...................... Nevada ......................... New Hampshire ............

1,291,067 136,059 147,077 421,709 365,906

30,159 34,868 33,662 3,089 10,138

2,108 87 884 2,058 14,501

560,622 14,063 4,033 48,104 179,602

6,478 2,477 2,687 287,710 2,445

626,007 47,938 82,568 28,023 115,917

10,123 6,192 2,484 9,356 1,116

3,503 1,722 1,787 7,762 2,938

2,050 182 0 18,879 383

15,176 9,650 1,915 4,096 23,064

34,841 18,880 17,057 12,632 15,802

New Jersey ................... New Mexico .................. New York....................... North Carolina .............. North Dakota ................

1,858,272 3,037,977 4,062,095 1,637,083 101,977

8,489 14,465 52,518 40,176 35,109

40,075 1,778 26,745 13,518 921

1,222,281 774,559 663,248 156,442 20,344

88,639 2,046,249 660,577 18,782 7,224

333,464 118,482 2,257,121 1,135,090 23,099

2,484 5,585 4,834 4,090 3,277

51,580 6,272 11,622 5,271 959

5,729 2,195 15,289 151,162 1,206

24,685 42,601 71,208 24,094 914

80,846 25,791 298,933 88,458 8,924

Ohio .............................. Oklahoma ..................... Oregon.......................... Pennsylvania................. Rhode Island ................

2,422,358 288,744 488,502 3,867,483 523,509

24,497 29,446 51,557 67,351 3,024

8,352 10,980 4,882 5,482 5,940

1,025,908 67,828 26,769 1,435,990 302,662

35,263 10,012 14,454 482,768 3,030

818,682 101,145 296,425 1,638,680 158,545

3,008 1,619 11,740 3,640 1,815

42,832 13,949 3,866 7,652 935

89,450 14,923 24,006 6,795 18,323

310,691 20,656 10,534 41,739 4,841

63,675 18,186 44,269 177,386 24,394

South Carolina.............. South Dakota ................ Tennessee .................... Texas ............................ Utah ..............................

421,761 55,921 1,348,868 6,127,458 658,477

19,989 9,763 23,236 84,491 22,522

11,695 195 6,531 11,349 426

149,583 3,568 136,090 2,606,401 367,997

40,589 0 630,352 54,500 11,360

157,458 19,410 483,036 1,511,458 188,902

2,031 8,748 3,148 12,353 4,313

3,183 1,046 6,408 17,775 2,234

1,380 345 507 5,362 1,312

7,383 4,954 25,206 1,704,172 29,266

28,470 7,892 34,354 119,597 30,145

Vermont ........................ Virginia.......................... Washington................... West Virginia................. Wisconsin ..................... Wyoming....................... Other jurisdictions ...............

181,870 6,360,243 2,322,683 373,425 704,830 41,344

10,686 16,062 48,422 34,407 52,404 9,163

1,316 18,911 114,121 2,527 6,190 924

73,407 4,692,092 914,797 80,692 50,316 2,417

1,583 108,374 198,862 159,266 25,283 5,422

84,220 479,590 926,350 40,748 445,885 9,215

700 115,630 7,819 5,153 11,087 1,908

576 40,758 5,654 2,863 3,828 3,541

1,181 4,229 5,738 991 3,485 343

1,278 683,423 12,719 43,554 15,993 995

6,923 201,174 88,201 3,224 90,359 7,416

218,844

89,770

2,097

21,366

750

81,999

1,351

0

0

2,514

18,997

Puerto Rico................... Other areas...................

114,143 104,701

11,522 78,248

1,027 1,070

1,537 19,829

750 0

77,051 4,948

933 418

0 0

0 0

2,514 0

18,809 188

Offices abroad ..............

61,903

4,821

0

56,831

0

0

17

234

0

0

0

1

Excludes other jurisdictions and offices abroad. NOTE: Only the agencies shown are required to report on this section of the survey. The obligations of the 10 major R&D supporting agencies included in this table represent

approximately 98 percent of total federal R&D obligations in fiscal year 2003. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, fiscal years 2003, 2004, and 2005. (This table was prepared November 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 5

Outcomes of Education This chapter contains tables comparing educational attainment and workforce characteristics. The data show labor force participation and income levels of high school dropouts and high school and college graduates. Population characteristics are provided for many of the measures to help provide comparisons among various demographic groups. Tables 368 to 370 contain data from the U.S. Census Bureau on educational attainment of the labor force, and data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics on employment and unemployment. These tables provide information on the educational attainment of the labor force, by occupation, sex, race/ ethnicity, and unemployment rates. Tables 372 and 373 were compiled from Bureau of Labor Statistics data on high school completers and dropouts. These data show the labor force participation and college enrollment of high school students within the year after they leave school. The tabulations also provide comparative labor force participation and unemployment rates for high school completers and dropouts. Additional information on college enrollment rates by race/ethnicity and sex has been included to help form a more complete picture of high school outcomes. Tables 374 to 377 were prepared from the Recent College Graduates and Baccalaureate and Beyond surveys by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). These tables provide data on employment outcomes for college graduates. Tables 378 and 379 provide an income comparison by education level and sex for the entire population. Trends in salaries received by all college graduates also are featured in this section. The last tables in this chapter deal with literacy skills, community service, drug use, and life values. Statistics related to outcomes of education appear in other sections of the Digest. For example, statistics on educational attainment of the entire population are in chapter 1. More detailed data on the numbers of high school and college graduates are contained in chapters 2 and 3. Chapter 3 contains trend data on the proportion of high school completers going to college. Additional data on the income of persons by educational attainment may be obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau in the Current Population Reports, Series P-60. The Bureau of Labor Statistics has a series of publications dealing with the educational characteristics of the labor force. Further information on survey methodologies is in the Guide to Sources in the appendix and in the publications cited in the source notes.

Labor Force Adults with higher levels of education were generally more likely to participate in the labor force (which consists of those employed or actively seeking employment) than adults with less education (table 368). Among persons 25 years old and over, about 78 percent of those with a bachelor’s or higher degree participated in the labor force in 2004, compared with 63 percent of those who had completed only high school. In contrast, 45 percent of those 25 and older who had not completed high school were in the labor force (figure 21). The 2004 labor force participation rates for Blacks and Hispanics age 25 and older whose highest level of educational attainment was a high school diploma were higher than the rate for Whites with similar levels of education (table 368). The labor force participation rates for Blacks and Hispanics age 25 and over with a bachelor’s or higher degree were also higher than the rate for Whites. Persons with lower levels of educational attainment were generally more likely to be unemployed than those who had higher levels of educational attainment (table 370). The 2004 unemployment rate for adults (25 years old and over) who had not completed high school was 8.5 percent, compared with 5.0 percent for those who had completed high school and 2.7 percent for those with a bachelor’s or higher degree (figure 22). Younger people with high school diplomas tended to have higher unemployment rates than persons 25 years old and over with similar levels of education (table 370). The relative difficulties in entering the job market for dropouts are highlighted by comparing their labor force participation and unemployment rates to other youth. Of the 2004 high school completers who were not in college, 77 percent were in the labor force in October 2004, and 20 percent of those in the labor force were looking for work (table 372). In comparison, about 54 percent of 2003–04 dropouts were in the labor force (employed or looking for work) in October 2004, and 40 percent of those in the labor force were looking for work (table 373 and figure 23). One year after graduating from college in 1999–2000, 87 percent of individuals receiving bachelor’s degrees were employed (77 percent full time and 11 percent part time), 6 percent were unemployed, and 6 percent were not in the labor force (table 375).

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

609

610 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education

Income The median annual income of male full-time year-round workers, when adjusted for inflation, was about the same in 2004 as it was in 1995 (table 378). Income for females rose between 1995 and 2001, but then declined between 2001 and

2004, for a net increase of 4 percent. Women’s incomes remained lower than men’s incomes, even after adjusting for level of education. For example, the average 2004 incomes for full-time year-round workers with a bachelor’s degree were $57,220 for men and $41,681 for women.

Figure 21. Labor force participation rate of persons 20 years old and over, by age and highest level of education: 2004 Age 68 79

20 to 24

82 83

45 63

25 and over

77 78

0

10

20

30

40 50 60 70 Labor force participation rate

Less than high school completion Associate’s degree

80

90

High school completion Bachelor’s or higher degree

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, Current Population Survey (CPS), 2004.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

100

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 611

Figure 22. Unemployment rates of persons 25 years old and over, by highest level of education: 2004 Percent unemployed 10 8.5

5.0

5

4.5

All education levels 4.4 3.7 2.7

0 Less than high Some college, Associate’s High school school completion completer, no college no degree degree Highest level of education

Bachelor’s or higher degree

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, Current Population Survey (CPS), 2004.

Figure 23. Labor force status of 2003–04 high school dropouts and completers not enrolled in college: October 2004 Percent 100 22.4

80

Unemployed (looking for work)

46.3 15.5

60

40

21.4 62.1

20

0

32.3

Dropouts

Not in labor force

High school completers, not enrolled in college High school completion status

NOTE: Dropouts are persons who have not completed high school, and are not enrolled in school. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, “College Enrollment and Work Activity of 2004 High School Graduates.”

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Employed

612 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education

Figure 24. Median annual income of persons 25 years old and over, by highest level of education and sex: 2002 Income $70,000 Males

Females

61,439

60,000 51,351

50,000 42,301

40,056

40,000

34,232 30,487

30,000

26,474 22,070

20,254

20,000 14,302

10,000

0

Some high school, no completion

High school completer

Associate’s degree

Bachelor’s degree

Master’s degree

Highest level of education NOTE: Excludes persons without income. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), March 2002.

Figure 25. Salaries of recent bachelor’s degree recipients 1 year after graduation, by field: 1991, 1994, and 2001 (in constant 2004 dollars)

Salary $70,000 1989−90 graduates

1992−93 graduates

1999−2000 graduates

60,000 50,000

40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 All fields

Biological sciences

Business

Education Engineering

Health

Mathematics

Social sciences

Field SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Recent College Graduates Study (RCG), 1991; and 1993/94 and 2000/01 Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B:93/94) and (B&B:2000/01).

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

o i t a c u dE Table 368. Labor force participation rates and employment to population ratios of persons 16 years old and over, by highest level of education, age, sex, and race/ethnicity: 2004 Labor force participation rate1

Total

Age, sex, and race/ethnicity 1

College

Less than high school completion3

2

Employment/population ratio2

High school completion

3

Some college, no degree

4

Associate’s degree

5

Bachelor’s or higher degree

6

Total

7

Less than high school completion3

8

College High school completion

9

Some college, no degree

10

Associate’s degree

11

Bachelor’s or higher degree

12

13

43.9 43.9 43.8 49.1 31.2 38.2

(2.14) (0.95) (0.96) (0.86) (1.74) (1.73)

36.0 36.4 35.6 41.4 23.7 31.1

(0.79) (1.10) (1.15) (1.04) (1.88) (1.91)

64.0 66.4 61.7 67.7 53.6 60.5

(1.53) (2.14) (2.18) (1.84) (4.48) (4.27)

55.6 54.4 56.6 58.6 46.6 53.8

(1.84) (2.79) (2.45) (2.17) (6.04) (5.77)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

36.4 35.9 37.0 42.2 21.2 30.4

(2.07) (0.92) (0.94) (0.85) (1.54) (1.64)

28.8 28.6 29.0 34.7 14.5 23.6

(0.75) (1.03) (1.09) (1.01) (1.55) (1.76)

53.9 55.5 52.3 58.6 38.6 50.0

(1.59) (2.25) (2.24) (1.94) (4.38) (4.37)

50.6 48.9 51.9 53.8 39.1 48.1

(1.86) (2.80) (2.47) (2.20) (5.91) (5.78)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

20 to 24 years old4 ......................... Male ............................................. Female ......................................... White, non-Hispanic..................... Black, non-Hispanic ..................... Hispanic .......................................

75.0 79.6 70.5 77.8 68.1 74.5

(0.38) (0.69) (0.75) (0.47) (1.63) (1.31)

67.6 79.9 51.3 67.5 58.2 72.7

(1.10) (1.69) (2.33) (1.81) (4.08) (2.31)

78.9 85.5 70.8 82.0 72.1 77.0

(0.66) (1.04) (1.42) (0.80) (2.63) (2.19)

70.7 71.5 70.0 72.7 65.8 72.0

(0.66) (1.30) (1.21) (0.79) (2.79) (2.72)

82.4 84.1 81.2 84.8 73.1 77.4

(1.37) (2.72) (2.42) (1.54) (7.57) (5.76)

83.3 85.1 82.0 85.6 80.5 81.0

(0.94) (1.90) (1.64) (1.01) (5.12) (5.82)

67.9 71.6 64.3 71.9 55.4 67.6

(0.41) (0.77) (0.78) (0.51) (1.74) (1.40)

56.5 68.2 41.0 56.9 37.9 64.8

(1.16) (1.96) (2.29) (1.91) (4.01) (2.48)

70.1 75.8 63.3 74.4 57.8 69.3

(0.74) (1.26) (1.51) (0.91) (2.89) (2.40)

65.4 65.5 65.3 68.1 56.7 66.7

(0.69) (1.37) (1.25) (0.83) (2.91) (2.86)

77.6 79.4 76.2 80.8 67.5 71.3

(1.50) (3.01) (2.64) (1.68) (8.00) (6.23)

78.6 80.0 77.7 81.4 73.4 77.3

(1.03) (2.13) (1.78) (1.12) (5.72) (6.21)

25 and older ................................... Male ............................................. Female ......................................... White, non-Hispanic..................... Black, non-Hispanic ..................... Hispanic .......................................

66.9 75.3 59.3 66.1 66.9 71.2

(0.14) (0.25) (0.26) (0.16) (0.60) (0.56)

45.1 58.3 32.5 35.8 38.5 62.3

(0.38) (0.73) (0.65) (0.52) (1.44) (0.93)

63.2 73.5 54.1 60.9 67.5 74.0

(0.25) (0.45) (0.46) (0.29) (1.00) (1.01)

70.3 77.3 64.3 68.6 73.8 79.1

(0.32) (0.59) (0.60) (0.38) (1.28) (1.38)

76.6 83.5 71.5 76.2 77.5 79.8

(0.42) (0.77) (0.78) (0.49) (1.89) (2.09)

77.9 82.8 72.8 77.3 83.0 82.1

(0.23) (0.40) (0.46) (0.26) (1.13) (1.34)

64.0 72.0 56.7 63.7 61.5 67.1

(0.14) (0.26) (0.26) (0.17) (0.62) (0.58)

41.2 53.8 29.2 33.1 32.5 57.6

(0.37) (0.73) (0.63) (0.51) (1.39) (0.95)

60.0 69.8 51.5 58.3 61.6 70.2

(0.25) (0.47) (0.46) (0.30) (1.04) (1.06)

67.1 73.8 61.3 66.1 67.6 75.1

(0.33) (0.62) (0.61) (0.39) (1.36) (1.47)

73.8 80.1 69.1 73.7 73.0 76.5

(0.44) (0.83) (0.80) (0.50) (2.01) (2.21)

75.8 80.6 70.9 75.3 79.5 79.2

(0.24) (0.42) (0.47) (0.27) (1.21) (1.42)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1 Percent of the civilian population who are employed or seeking employment. 2Number of persons employed as a percent of civilian population. 3Includes persons reporting no school years completed.

4Excludes

persons enrolled in school. NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, Current Population Survey (CPS), March 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 613 Educational Characteristics of the Workforce

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

16 to 19 years old4 ......................... Male ............................................. Female ......................................... White, non-Hispanic..................... Black, non-Hispanic ..................... Hispanic .......................................

Table 369. Occupation of employed persons 25 to 64 years old, by educational attainment and sex: 2004 Percentage distribution, by highest level of educational attainment High school

College

Total employed, in thousands

Total

2

3

119,622 45,661 19,404 26,257 7,244 568 2,449 1,101 361 1,085 1,679 17,016 28,875 12,472 15,598

(274.3) (236.1) (166.6) (190.1) (105.2) (30.0) (61.9) (41.7) (23.9) (41.4) (51.4) (157.1) (197.8) (136.1) (151.0)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

3.5 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.7 # 0.1 0.6 # 0.4 7.9 1.2 9.0 7.7

(0.21) (0.12) (0.24) (0.11) (0.20) (1.40) (†) (0.36) (1.56) (†) (0.58) (0.82) (0.25) (1.02) (0.85)

6.0 1.2 1.9 0.7 0.6 1.9 0.2 0.1 0.6 # 1.4 11.4 4.0 12.3 13.0

(0.28) (0.22) (0.40) (0.23) (0.42) (1.87) (0.09) (0.19) (0.27) (†) (0.39) (1.09) (0.69) (1.10) (2.66)

30.0 12.8 18.5 8.6 8.3 17.3 2.5 0.7 3.3 1.7 23.8 39.6 35.3 44.2 48.9

(0.53) (0.62) (1.11) (0.69) (1.29) (6.31) (1.25) (1.02) (3.76) (1.54) (4.14) (1.49) (1.12) (1.77) (1.59)

17.8 13.4 17.4 10.5 7.9 15.7 2.4 2.4 1.9 2.1 22.0 19.0 25.1 17.1 16.3

(0.44) (0.64) (1.08) (0.75) (1.26) (6.07) (1.22) (1.82) (2.89) (1.74) (4.03) (1.20) (1.02) (1.34) (1.18)

9.8 10.4 8.8 11.5 4.2 11.4 1.7 1.7 2.5 2.4 8.7 9.8 10.5 10.1 6.5

(0.34) (0.57) (0.81) (0.79) (0.94) (5.32) (1.03) (1.56) (3.27) (1.85) (2.74) (0.91) (0.72) (1.08) (0.79)

21.3 35.4 36.1 34.9 36.1 36.1 49.8 44.4 39.1 14.2 24.2 10.3 20.1 6.1 6.3

(0.47) (0.89) (1.37) (1.17) (2.25) (8.03) (4.02) (5.96) (10.23) (4.22) (4.17) (0.93) (0.94) (0.85) (0.78)

11.5 26.4 16.6 33.6 42.8 16.7 43.4 50.7 52.6 79.5 19.6 2.0 3.8 1.1 1.2

(0.37) (0.82) (1.06) (1.16) (2.32) (6.24) (3.99) (6.00) (10.47) (4.88) (3.86) (0.43) (0.45) (0.38) (0.35)

Total ....................................................................................... Management, professional, and related......................................... Management, business, and financial operations ...................... Professional and related ............................................................ Education, training, and library............................................... Service occupations....................................................................... Sales and office occupations ......................................................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance........................ Production, transportation, and material moving ...........................

64,326 22,887 11,305 11,581 1,929 7,222 10,380 11,918 11,919

(208.5) (220.6) (169.2) (170.9) (74.3) (139.0) (163.1) (173.0) (173.0)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

4.5 0.6 0.9 0.2 0.1 9.4 1.5 8.9 7.0

(0.44) (0.27) (0.48) (0.25) (0.40) (1.85) (0.65) (1.41) (1.27)

6.9 1.4 2.3 0.6 0.3 10.0 3.8 12.5 12.4

(0.54) (0.43) (0.76) (0.40) (0.69) (1.91) (1.02) (1.64) (1.63)

30.4 12.4 17.9 7.0 3.4 35.7 28.9 44.4 48.9

(0.98) (1.18) (1.95) (1.29) (2.24) (3.05) (2.41) (2.46) (2.48)

16.9 12.9 16.2 9.8 4.5 19.9 23.4 17.1 17.1

(0.80) (1.20) (1.87) (1.49) (2.56) (2.54) (2.25) (1.87) (1.87)

8.4 7.9 7.3 8.6 2.7 9.3 8.8 10.2 6.8

(0.59) (0.97) (1.32) (1.41) (2.01) (1.85) (1.51) (1.50) (1.25)

21.1 36.1 37.4 34.7 32.4 13.2 27.9 5.8 6.6

(0.87) (1.72) (2.46) (2.39) (5.76) (2.16) (2.38) (1.16) (1.23)

11.8 28.7 18.1 39.0 56.5 2.6 5.7 1.1 1.2

(0.69) (1.62) (1.96) (2.45) (6.11) (1.01) (1.23) (0.52) (0.54)

Female Total ....................................................................................... Management, professional, and related......................................... Management, business, and financial operations ...................... Professional and related ............................................................ Education, training, and library............................................... Service occupations....................................................................... Sales and office occupations ......................................................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance........................ Production, transportation, and material moving ...........................

55,296 22,775 8,098 14,676 5,315 9,794 18,495 553 3,679

(219.1) (210.3) (140.2) (180.0) (115.7) (152.3) (196.3) (38.5) (97.3)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 6.9 1.0 11.0 10.0

(0.34) (0.17) (0.37) (0.17) (0.32) (1.33) (0.37) (6.91) (2.57)

5.1 0.9 1.4 0.7 0.7 12.5 4.1 9.6 14.8

(0.48) (0.33) (0.69) (0.35) (0.58) (1.73) (0.76) (6.50) (3.04)

29.7 13.3 19.4 9.9 10.0 42.5 38.9 38.7 49.0

(1.01) (1.17) (2.28) (1.28) (2.14) (2.59) (1.86) (10.75) (4.28)

18.8 13.9 19.2 11.0 9.1 18.3 26.1 17.5 14.0

(0.86) (1.19) (2.27) (1.34) (2.05) (2.03) (1.68) (8.39) (2.97)

11.3 12.8 10.9 13.9 4.7 10.1 11.4 8.7 5.5

(0.70) (1.15) (1.79) (1.48) (1.51) (1.58) (1.21) (6.21) (1.94)

21.5 34.7 34.1 35.1 37.5 8.1 15.8 12.5 5.6

(0.91) (1.64) (2.73) (2.04) (3.45) (1.43) (1.39) (7.29) (1.97)

11.2 24.0 14.5 29.3 37.8 1.6 2.8 2.0 1.2

(0.70) (1.47) (2.03) (1.95) (3.45) (0.65) (0.62) (3.08) (0.92)

Occupation and sex 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

All persons Total ....................................................................................... Management, professional, and related......................................... Management, business, and financial operations ...................... Professional and related ............................................................ Education, training, and library............................................... Preschool and kindergarten teachers................................. Elementary and middle school teachers ............................ Secondary school teachers ................................................ Special education teachers ................................................ Postsecondary teachers ..................................................... Other education, training, and library workers.................... Service occupations....................................................................... Sales and office occupations ......................................................... Natural resources, construction, and maintenance........................ Production, transportation, and material moving ...........................

Less than 1 1–4 years of high year of high school school, no completion 4

5

High school completion

Some college, no degree

Associate's degree

Bachelor's degree

Master's or higher degree

6

7

8

9

10

Male

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, Current Population Survey (CPS), March 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

614 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education Educational Characteristics of the Workforce

_

_

Table 370. Unemployment rate of persons 16 years old and over, by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment: 2002, 2003, and 2004 Unemployment rate, 20021

Unemployment rate, 20031

16- to 24-year-olds2

Sex, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment 1

Total

16 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 years old and over

2

3

4

5

Unemployment rate, 20041

16- to 24-year-olds2 Total

16 to 19 years

6

7

16- to 24-year-olds2

20 to 24 years

25 years old and over

Total

16 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 years old and over

8

9

10

11

12

13

12.0 18.4 12.6 7.7 7.2 5.8

(0.16) (0.36) (0.29) (0.24) (0.59) (0.39)

16.5 19.0 15.9 9.2 ‡ ‡

(0.31) (0.44) (0.58) (0.60) (†) (†)

9.7 17.0 11.1 7.3 7.1 5.8

(0.18) (0.61) (0.33) (0.27) (0.59) (0.39)

4.6 8.4 5.3 4.8 4.0 2.9

(0.04) (0.18) (0.08) (0.11) (0.13) (0.06)

12.4 19.1 13.4 7.8 6.8 6.1

(0.30) (0.58) (0.62) (0.48) (1.25) (0.84)

17.4 19.6 17.4 10.3 ‡ ‡

(0.52) (0.65) (1.23) (1.15) (†) (†)

10.0 18.2 12.0 7.3 6.6 6.1

(0.37) (1.25) (0.72) (0.53) (1.26) (0.84)

4.8 8.8 5.5 5.2 4.0 3.1

(0.09) (0.29) (0.16) (0.22) (0.28) (0.13)

11.9 18.8 12.4 7.8 6.1 5.6

(0.29) (0.57) (0.60) (0.48) (1.16) (0.79)

17.0 20.0 15.8 9.1 ‡ ‡

(0.51) (0.66) (1.16) (1.07) (†) (†)

9.4 16.4 11.1 7.5 5.9 5.6

(0.36) (1.19) (0.69) (0.53) (1.17) (0.79)

4.4 8.5 5.0 4.5 3.7 2.7

(0.08) (0.29) (0.15) (0.20) (0.26) (0.12)

Male All education levels ............................... Less than high school completion..... High school completion, no college... Some college, no degree .................. Associate’s degree ............................ Bachelor’s or higher degree ..............

12.8 18.7 12.7 8.1 8.0 6.9

(0.23) (0.47) (0.39) (0.37) (0.88) (0.67)

18.1 20.8 16.4 9.8 ‡ ‡

(0.45) (0.62) (0.82) (0.95) (†) (†)

10.2 15.1 11.3 7.8 7.6 7.0

(0.25) (0.72) (0.44) (0.39) (0.87) (0.67)

4.7 7.8 5.4 4.7 4.3 3.0

(0.06) (0.22) (0.12) (0.15) (0.20) (0.09)

13.4 19.3 14.0 8.3 7.8 6.7

(0.43) (0.78) (0.86) (0.72) (1.99) (1.36)

19.3 21.1 19.6 11.0 ‡ ‡

(0.75) (0.91) (1.81) (1.79) (†) (†)

10.6 16.3 12.1 7.7 7.6 6.8

(0.53) (1.57) (0.97) (0.78) (2.01) (1.37)

5.0 8.2 5.7 5.4 4.4 3.2

(0.13) (0.40) (0.24) (0.32) (0.43) (0.19)

12.6 18.8 12.7 8.7 5.7 5.9

(0.43) (0.79) (0.83) (0.73) (1.73) (1.26)

18.4 21.4 16.4 10.2 ‡ ‡

(0.74) (0.93) (1.68) (1.70) (†) (†)

10.1 14.7 11.4 8.4 5.6 5.9

(0.52) (1.51) (0.95) (0.81) (1.74) (1.28)

4.4 7.6 5.1 4.4 4.0 2.7

(0.12) (0.40) (0.23) (0.29) (0.41) (0.17)

Female All education levels ............................... Less than high school completion..... High school completion, no college... Some college, no degree .................. Associate’s degree ............................ Bachelor’s or higher degree ..............

11.1 17.9 12.3 7.3 6.7 5.1

(0.22) (0.54) (0.43) (0.33) (0.79) (0.48)

14.9 17.0 15.4 8.8 ‡ ‡

(0.43) (0.62) (0.83) (0.77) (†) (†)

9.1 20.7 10.9 6.8 6.6 5.0

(0.25) (1.12) (0.50) (0.36) (0.80) (0.48)

4.6 9.5 5.1 5.0 3.7 2.8

(0.06) (0.31) (0.12) (0.15) (0.17) (0.09)

11.4 18.9 12.7 7.5 6.1 5.5

(0.39) (0.80) (0.84) (0.61) (1.49) (0.99)

15.6 17.9 15.1 9.8 ‡ ‡

(0.67) (0.87) (1.55) (1.42) (†) (†)

9.3 22.1 11.7 6.8 5.9 5.6

(0.48) (1.93) (1.00) (0.67) (1.49) (0.99)

4.6 9.8 5.2 4.9 3.7 2.9

(0.11) (0.41) (0.20) (0.28) (0.33) (0.17)

11.0 18.9 12.1 7.1 6.3 5.3

(0.40) (0.84) (0.87) (0.62) (1.57) (1.00)

15.5 18.4 15.2 8.4 ‡ ‡

(0.70) (0.93) (1.61) (1.37) (†) (†)

8.7 20.1 10.6 6.8 6.2 5.3

(0.49) (1.97) (1.02) (0.70) (1.58) (1.01)

4.4 10.0 4.9 4.7 3.4 2.7

(0.11) (0.44) (0.21) (0.28) (0.33) (0.18)

White, non-Hispanic All education levels ............................... Less than high school completion..... High school completion, no college... Some college, no degree .................. Associate’s degree ............................ Bachelor’s or higher degree ..............

9.8 15.6 10.5 6.3 6.0 5.3

(0.18) (0.43) (0.33) (0.26) (0.63) (0.43)

13.5 15.4 13.2 8.0 ‡ ‡

(0.34) (0.48) (0.65) (0.65) (†) (†)

7.7 16.4 9.2 5.8 5.6 5.2

(0.20) (0.97) (0.38) (0.28) (0.62) (0.42)

3.9 7.5 4.5 4.2 3.5 2.7

(0.05) (0.26) (0.09) (0.12) (0.14) (0.07)

10.2 16.7 10.9 6.7 5.1 5.5

(0.35) (0.73) (0.73) (0.54) (1.29) (0.91)

14.4 16.4 13.8 8.9 ‡ ‡

(0.60) (0.78) (1.39) (1.29) (†) (†)

8.0 18.1 9.7 6.2 4.8 5.5

(0.42) (2.06) (0.85) (0.60) (1.29) (0.92)

4.0 7.6 4.6 4.3 3.5 2.8

(0.09) (0.39) (0.17) (0.23) (0.29) (0.14)

9.8 16.2 10.6 6.7 4.9 5.0

(0.34) (0.73) (0.71) (0.54) (1.26) (0.86)

14.1 16.3 13.5 8.2 ‡ ‡

(0.60) (0.78) (1.34) (1.21) (†) (†)

7.6 15.7 9.3 6.4 4.8 4.9

(0.41) (1.93) (0.84) (0.60) (1.25) (0.86)

3.6 7.7 4.3 3.7 3.3 2.5

(0.09) (0.40) (0.17) (0.21) (0.28) (0.13)

Black, non-Hispanic All education levels ............................... Less than high school completion..... High school completion, no college... Some college, no degree .................. Associate’s degree ............................ Bachelor’s or higher degree ..............

22.7 35.0 22.6 14.6 13.3 4.9

(0.59) (1.30) (0.97) (0.97) (2.42) (1.43)

30.1 34.9 28.0 15.7 ‡ ‡

(1.16) (1.62) (2.00) (2.62) (†) (†)

19.3 35.2 20.7 14.4 13.6 5.0

(0.68) (2.15) (1.10) (1.04) (2.46) (1.46)

7.7 13.6 8.8 6.9 6.0 4.2

(0.17) (0.63) (0.30) (0.34) (0.49) (0.28)

23.8 36.8 24.7 14.6 13.6 6.8

(1.10) (1.88) (2.11) (1.90) (5.71) (3.46)

33.2 35.9 34.0 21.1 ‡ ‡

(1.78) (2.12) (4.38) (4.95) (†) (†)

19.9 38.2 22.0 13.5 12.8 6.8

(1.41) (4.07) (2.39) (2.05) (5.68) (3.47)

8.3 13.9 9.4 8.6 6.1 4.3

(0.35) (1.02) (0.63) (0.81) (1.09) (0.62)

22.4 37.1 21.9 14.2 6.9 8.8

(1.07) (1.88) (2.03) (1.85) (4.20) (3.63)

32.0 38.7 28.0 16.2 ‡ ‡

(1.75) (2.15) (4.03) (4.46) (†) (†)

18.6 34.9 19.9 13.9 7.2 8.8

(1.36) (3.94) (2.34) (2.03) (4.42) (3.67)

8.1 15.5 8.7 8.4 5.9 4.2

(0.35) (1.07) (0.60) (0.81) (1.07) (0.60)

Hispanic origin3 All education levels ............................... Less than high school completion..... High school completion, no college... Some college, no degree .................. Associate’s degree ............................ Bachelor’s or higher degree ..............

12.9 16.7 11.4 8.6 7.5 8.4

(0.40) (0.68) (0.66) (0.75) (1.85) (1.85)

20.0 22.9 17.3 11.9 ‡ ‡

(0.88) (1.19) (1.59) (2.04) (†) (†)

9.9 12.2 9.5 7.9 6.9 8.5

(0.42) (0.78) (0.70) (0.80) (1.84) (1.87)

6.1 7.7 5.9 5.7 5.0 3.4

(0.15) (0.27) (0.27) (0.37) (0.54) (0.30)

12.8 16.1 12.4 7.7 10.0 11.1

(0.78) (1.19) (1.50) (1.48) (4.49) (4.86)

20.0 23.0 18.3 9.7 ‡ ‡

(1.44) (1.75) (3.47) (3.57) (†) (†)

10.2 11.5 10.8 7.3 10.2 11.1

(0.93) (1.66) (1.64) (1.62) (4.58) (4.87)

6.4 8.2 5.9 5.8 5.3 4.1

(0.30) (0.52) (0.55) (0.81) (1.18) (0.71)

12.3 16.2 11.6 8.0 8.0 5.0

(0.75) (1.19) (1.43) (1.45) (3.69) (3.22)

20.4 24.0 17.2 10.6 ‡ ‡

(1.43) (1.77) (3.30) (3.56) (†) (†)

9.3 10.9 10.0 7.4 8.1 5.0

(0.87) (1.61) (1.56) (1.59) (3.77) (3.22)

5.7 7.5 5.2 5.1 4.2 3.5

(0.28) (0.51) (0.51) (0.75) (1.05) (0.64)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1The unemployment rate is the percent of individuals in the labor force who are not working and who made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks. The labor force includes both employed and unemployed persons. 2Excludes persons enrolled in school.

3

Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, Current Population Survey (CPS), March 2002, 2003, and 2004, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared May 2005.)

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 615 Educational Characteristics of the Workforce

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

All persons All education levels ............................... Less than high school completion..... High school completion, no college... Some college, no degree .................. Associate’s degree ............................ Bachelor’s or higher degree ..............

616 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education Educational Characteristics of the Workforce _

Table 371. Employment characteristics of 12th-graders, by selected student and school characteristics: 1992 Sex

Employment characteristic 1

Socioeconomic status1

Race/ethnicity

Total

Male

Female

White

2

3

4

5

Black Hispanic 6

7

Asian/ Pacific American Islander Indian 8

Location of school attended

Low

Middle low

Middle high

High

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

9

Urban Suburban

Rural

Percentage distribution Average hours worked per week during senior year Total ............................. Did not work during year.......... 1 to 5 hours.............................. 6 to 10 hours............................ 11 to 15 hours.......................... 16 to 20 hours.......................... More than 20 hours.................. 21 to 25 hours ...................... 26 to 30 hours ...................... 31 to 35 hours ...................... 36 to 40 hours ...................... More than 40 hours..............

100.0 31.8 6.8 9.8 12.7 16.1 22.7 9.8 5.6 2.5 3.3 1.5

100.0 33.0 6.0 8.9 11.1 15.0 26.0 10.2 6.5 3.1 4.2 2.0

100.0 30.7 7.6 10.7 14.4 17.2 19.5 9.5 4.8 1.9 2.4 1.0

100.0 27.6 7.0 11.2 14.1 17.3 22.8 10.0 5.5 2.6 3.3 1.5

100.0 47.4 4.9 6.5 7.2 11.9 22.1 8.8 6.4 2.4 2.9 1.7

100.0 38.9 6.0 5.3 11.3 13.3 25.2 10.7 6.6 2.4 4.1 1.4

100.0 43.3 9.5 6.7 9.3 13.5 17.7 8.1 4.4 0.8 3.7 0.8

100.0 45.0 8.5 5.6 6.2 12.5 22.3 12.0 3.8 5.0 0.9 0.7

100.0 38.2 5.2 6.7 9.5 13.4 27.1 10.2 6.8 3.6 4.3 2.2

100.0 29.8 5.5 8.3 11.9 18.6 25.9 10.9 6.4 3.2 4.2 1.4

100.0 28.2 5.8 10.6 13.7 18.4 23.3 10.8 5.9 2.4 2.7 1.6

100.0 32.5 10.1 12.6 15.0 14.0 15.8 8.0 3.4 1.3 2.1 1.0

100.0 35.6 6.7 9.4 12.2 14.3 21.7 9.5 5.3 2.3 3.3 1.3

100.0 29.4 6.6 9.6 13.6 18.3 22.5 10.6 5.7 2.5 2.4 1.4

100.0 31.6 7.2 10.6 12.1 14.9 23.7 9.1 5.8 2.7 4.3 1.8

Most recent type of work for employed students Total ............................. Lawn work or odd jobs ............. Food service ............................ Delivery person........................ Babysitter or child care ............ Camp counselor/lifeguard ........ Farm worker............................. Mechanic ................................. Grocery clerk or cashier .......... Beautician ................................ House cleaning ........................ Construction............................. Office or clerical ....................... Health services ........................ Salesperson............................. Warehouse worker ................... Other........................................

100.0 2.2 24.0 1.6 4.3 0.7 2.2 1.4 14.5 0.2 0.9 2.0 6.9 1.6 11.8 2.1 23.5

100.0 4.2 22.2 2.5 0.6 0.8 4.4 2.8 12.5 0.1 0.7 4.0 2.9 0.9 9.8 3.9 27.7

100.0 0.3 25.7 0.6 7.9 0.7 0.1 # 16.4 0.3 1.1 0.1 10.7 2.3 13.7 0.4 19.6

100.0 2.5 22.8 1.5 4.8 0.9 2.7 1.5 14.8 0.1 0.8 2.1 6.3 1.6 12.0 2.2 23.5

100.0 0.8 34.8 1.9 2.4 # # 0.7 15.9 1.1 0.8 1.0 9.2 2.1 8.7 1.3 19.3

100.0 0.9 24.8 1.1 2.2 0.5 1.1 1.5 11.6 0.3 2.0 1.9 8.7 1.1 11.9 1.7 28.8

100.0 1.7 22.9 3.2 5.0 0.6 # 1.0 8.5 # 0.6 0.9 12.1 1.0 15.0 2.0 25.4

100.0 5.3 24.6 1.3 1.1 # # 1.4 25.7 # # 2.0 5.8 4.5 7.9 2.3 18.3

100.0 2.3 28.0 0.8 3.2 0.2 3.7 2.0 15.5 0.6 1.5 2.6 6.3 2.5 7.2 1.7 22.0

100.0 2.0 26.6 1.7 3.9 0.3 3.3 1.8 16.6 0.2 0.6 2.3 6.0 2.0 8.8 2.5 21.4

100.0 2.1 25.1 1.3 4.5 0.9 1.6 1.5 14.5 0.2 1.2 1.9 7.2 1.4 12.5 1.9 22.3

100.0 2.5 18.6 2.1 5.4 1.3 1.1 0.6 12.3 0.1 0.6 1.4 8.0 0.9 15.8 2.1 27.4

100.0 1.3 23.6 1.5 4.9 0.8 0.2 1.0 14.2 0.2 0.7 1.4 9.0 1.5 13.4 2.0 24.4

100.0 2.2 23.1 1.7 4.4 0.9 1.1 1.3 13.4 0.2 0.6 1.8 6.8 1.6 14.1 2.3 24.6

100.0 2.9 25.4 1.5 3.9 0.5 5.5 1.9 16.4 0.3 1.4 2.7 5.4 1.7 7.3 1.9 21.3

100.0 9.9 77.5 7.7 5.0

100.0 7.2 75.6 10.3 6.9

100.0 12.4 79.2 5.3 3.2

100.0 10.3 76.7 8.0 5.1

100.0 8.3 80.9 5.8 5.0

100.0 8.8 81.1 6.1 4.0

100.0 7.9 77.0 10.7 4.5

100.0 5.8 79.3 6.7 8.3

100.0 12.2 79.0 5.3 3.5

100.0 11.4 76.8 8.3 3.5

100.0 9.0 80.0 6.8 4.1

100.0 8.0 74.8 9.3 7.9

100.0 7.9 80.1 7.3 4.8

100.0 7.5 77.0 9.2 6.3

100.0 14.8 75.8 6.1 3.4

Most recent hourly wage for employed students Total ............................. Less than $4.25 per hour......... $4.25 to $6.00 per hour ........... $6.01 to $8.00 per hour ........... $8.01 or more per hour ............

#Rounds to zero. 1 Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured by a composite score of parental education and occupations, and family income. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, “The National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88/92), “Second Follow-up, Student Survey, 1992.” (This table was prepared August 1995.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 372. College enrollment and labor force status of 2002, 2003, and 2004 high school completers, by sex and race/ethnicity: 2002, 2003, and 2004 Civilian labor force1

Civilian noninstitutional population

Employed Selected characteristic

Number (in thousands) 2

1

Percent

Percent of high school completers

Number (in thousands)

Labor force participation rate

3

4

5

6

Unemployed

Number (in thousands) Percent of population 7

Number (in thousands)

Unemployment rate

Not in labor force (in thousands)

9

10

11

8

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2,796 1,412 1,384 2,231 387 344 1,824 877 947 605 1,220 1,668 156 1,488 227 184 972 535 437 743 160 160

(36.9) (36.7) (32.6) (19.8) (22.7) (23.7) (39.8) (38.6) (36.1) (28.6) (36.7) (39.4) (15.4) (31.0) (22.0) (21.0) (34.2) (34.1) (30.2) (28.8) (19.9) (20.1)

100.0 50.5 49.5 79.8 13.8 12.3 100.0 48.1 51.9 33.2 66.9 91.4 8.6 81.6 12.4 10.1 100.0 55.0 45.0 76.4 16.5 16.5

(†) (1.62) (1.55) (0.96) (1.19) (1.13) (†) (2.00) (1.92) (1.39) (1.39) (0.82) (0.82) (1.14) (1.40) (1.28) (†) (2.73) (2.62) (1.71) (2.16) (2.16)

100.0 50.5 49.5 79.8 13.8 12.3 65.2 31.4 33.9 21.6 43.6 59.7 5.6 53.2 8.1 6.6 34.8 19.1 15.6 26.6 5.7 5.7

(†) (1.62) (1.55) (0.96) (1.19) (1.13) (1.13) (1.50) (1.47) (0.98) (1.18) (1.17) (0.55) (1.19) (0.94) (0.85) (1.13) (1.27) (1.13) (1.05) (0.80) (0.80)

1,604 829 774 1,300 205 215 829 385 444 351 478 711 118 693 86 91 775 444 330 607 119 124

(39.1) (38.3) (35.4) (31.5) (21.5) (22.0) (32.3) (30.3) (30.4) (22.5) (25.8) (30.5) (13.5) (28.2) (15.7) (16.1) (31.5) (32.0) (27.2) (27.0) (17.9) (18.3)

57.3 58.7 55.9 58.3 53.0 62.6 45.4 43.9 46.9 58.0 39.2 42.6 75.7 46.6 37.9 49.4 79.7 83.1 75.6 81.7 74.5 77.7

(1.18) (2.24) (2.19) (1.31) (4.61) (4.74) (1.47) (2.87) (2.66) (2.53) (1.76) (1.52) (4.32) (1.63) (5.85) (6.69) (1.62) (2.77) (3.37) (1.79) (6.26) (5.97)

1,375 730 645 1,150 143 167 731 347 384 306 425 632 99 622 64 81 644 383 261 528 79 86

(37.9) (37.3) (34.0) (31.4) (19.2) (20.4) (30.8) (29.1) (28.8) (21.2) (24.6) (29.1) (12.4) (27.2) (13.8) (15.3) (29.3) (30.3) (24.7) (25.7) (15.1) (15.7)

49.2 51.7 46.6 51.5 36.9 48.7 40.1 39.5 40.6 50.6 34.8 37.9 63.4 41.8 28.3 44.1 66.3 71.7 59.7 71.0 49.3 54.0

(1.19) (2.28) (2.20) (1.33) (4.45) (4.89) (1.45) (2.82) (2.62) (2.56) (1.72) (1.50) (4.86) (1.61) (5.43) (6.65) (1.91) (3.33) (3.85) (2.10) (7.18) (7.15)

228 100 129 150 62 48 98 38 60 45 53 79 19 71 22 10 131 61 69 80 40 38

(25.4) (16.9) (19.0) (20.6) (13.0) (11.6) (17.0) (10.6) (13.2) (11.6) (12.5) (15.3) (7.5) (14.4) (8.0) (5.4) (19.5) (13.3) (14.1) (15.3) (10.6) (10.4)

14.2 12.0 16.6 11.6 30.3 22.2 11.8 9.9 13.4 12.8 11.1 11.1 16.3 10.2 25.4 10.7 16.9 13.8 21.0 13.1 33.9 30.6

(1.51) (1.93) (2.19) (1.54) (5.83) (5.15) (1.94) (2.60) (2.65) (3.09) (2.49) (2.04) (5.89) (2.00) (8.52) (5.88) (2.33) (2.80) (3.68) (2.37) (7.88) (7.52)

1,193 582 610 931 182 129 996 492 503 254 742 958 38 795 141 93 197 90 107 136 41 36

(36.5) (35.1) (33.6) (30.5) (20.8) (18.6) (34.5) (33.2) (31.7) (19.4) (31.0) (34.0) (7.7) (29.3) (19.1) (16.3) (17.2) (15.9) (16.5) (14.3) (11.3) (10.6)

2003 high school completers5 Total .......................................... Male ...................................................... Female .................................................. White3 ................................................... Black3.................................................... Hispanic origin4..................................... Enrolled in college, 2003....................... Male .................................................. Female .............................................. 2-year ................................................ 4-year ................................................ Full-time students.............................. Part-time students ............................. White3 ............................................... Black3 ................................................ Hispanic origin4 ................................. Not enrolled in college, 2003 ................ Male .................................................. Female .............................................. White3 ............................................... Black3 ................................................ Hispanic origin4 .................................

2,677 1,306 1,372 2,106 333 314 1,711 799 913 574 1,137 1,580 131 1,368 194 184 966 507 459 738 139 130

(38.1) (37.8) (33.7) (33.5) (21.6) (22.9) (39.6) (38.0) (36.4) (28.0) (36.0) (39.1) (14.2) (35.1) (20.6) (20.8) (34.2) (33.5) (30.8) (30.0) (18.7) (18.5)

100.0 48.8 51.3 78.7 12.4 11.7 100.0 46.7 53.4 33.5 66.5 92.3 7.7 80.0 11.3 10.8 100.0 52.5 47.5 76.4 14.4 13.5

(†) (1.65) (1.59) (1.00) (1.16) (1.13) (†) (2.06) (1.98) (1.44) (1.44) (0.81) (0.81) (1.22) (1.39) (1.36) (†) (2.75) (2.64) (1.72) (2.05) (1.99)

100.0 48.8 51.3 78.7 12.4 11.7 63.9 29.8 34.1 21.4 42.5 59.0 4.9 51.1 7.2 6.9 36.1 18.9 17.1 27.6 5.2 4.9

(†) (1.65) (1.59) (1.00) (1.16) (1.13) (1.17) (1.51) (1.50) (1.00) (1.20) (1.20) (0.53) (1.22) (0.91) (0.89) (1.17) (1.30) (1.20) (1.09) (0.78) (0.75)

1,470 748 722 1,181 163 162 713 339 374 332 381 631 81 586 55 67 757 409 348 595 108 95

(38.6) (37.5) (35.1) (34.3) (19.6) (20.0) (30.5) (28.8) (28.6) (22.0) (23.4) (29.1) (11.2) (27.5) (12.8) (14.1) (31.3) (31.0) (27.8) (27.7) (17.0) (16.3)

54.8 57.3 52.6 56.1 48.9 51.7 41.7 42.4 41.0 57.8 33.5 39.9 61.9 42.8 28.4 36.3 78.4 80.8 75.9 80.6 77.8 73.3

(1.21) (2.34) (2.21) (1.36) (4.97) (5.12) (1.50) (2.99) (2.67) (2.60) (1.76) (1.55) (5.34) (1.68) (5.87) (6.44) (1.67) (2.99) (3.28) (1.83) (6.40) (7.05)

1,190 591 599 1,020 80 135 631 294 338 311 320 559 72 525 42 60 558 297 261 494 38 75

(36.5) (35.2) (33.5) (33.1) (15.1) (18.7) (29.1) (27.2) (27.5) (21.3) (21.6) (27.7) (10.6) (26.4) (11.3) (13.4) (27.6) (27.3) (24.7) (25.7) (10.8) (14.8)

44.5 45.3 43.7 48.4 24.0 43.2 36.9 36.7 37.1 54.2 28.1 35.4 54.9 38.4 21.7 32.7 57.8 58.7 56.9 66.8 27.2 57.9

(1.21) (2.36) (2.20) (1.37) (4.25) (5.08) (1.47) (2.92) (2.62) (2.62) (1.68) (1.51) (5.48) (1.66) (5.38) (6.28) (2.00) (3.74) (3.79) (2.18) (6.86) (7.86)

280 157 123 161 83 27 82 45 36 21 61 72 10 60 13 7 198 111 87 101 70 20

(28.0) (20.9) (18.6) (21.4) (14.6) (8.8) (15.5) (11.5) (10.3) (7.9) (13.4) (14.6) (5.5) (13.3) (6.2) (4.6) (23.8) (17.8) (15.8) (17.1) (13.6) (7.6)

19.0 20.9 16.9 13.7 51.0 16.6 11.5 13.3 9.5 6.3 16.0 11.4 12.5 10.2 — — 26.2 27.2 25.1 16.9 65.1 21.1

(1.78) (2.54) (2.29) (1.74) (7.11) (5.30) (2.07) (3.15) (2.49) (2.32) (3.26) (2.19) (6.38) (2.17) (†) (†) (2.77) (3.77) (3.81) (2.66) (8.33) (7.59)

1,208 558 650 925 170 152 998 459 539 243 756 949 49 782 139 117 209 98 111 143 30 35

(36.7) (34.6) (34.3) (32.2) (19.9) (19.5) (34.6) (32.4) (32.5) (19.0) (31.2) (34.0) (8.8) (30.6) (18.7) (17.7) (17.7) (16.5) (16.8) (14.7) (9.7) (10.4)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 617 Recent High School and College Graduates

2002 high school completers2 Total .......................................... Male ...................................................... Female .................................................. White3 ................................................... Black3.................................................... Hispanic origin4..................................... Enrolled in college, 2002....................... Male .................................................. Female .............................................. 2-year ................................................ 4-year ................................................ Full-time students.............................. Part-time students ............................. White3 ............................................... Black3 ................................................ Hispanic origin4 ................................. Not enrolled in college, 2002 ................ Male .................................................. Female .............................................. White3 ............................................... Black3 ................................................ Hispanic origin4 .................................

Civilian labor force1

Civilian noninstitutional population

Employed Selected characteristic

Number (in thousands) 2

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2004 high school completers6 Total .......................................... Male ...................................................... Female .................................................. White3 ................................................... Black3.................................................... Hispanic origin4..................................... Enrolled in college, 2004....................... Male .................................................. Female .............................................. 2-year ................................................ 4-year ................................................ Full-time students.............................. Part-time students ............................. White3 ............................................... Black3 ................................................ Hispanic origin4 ................................. Not enrolled in college, 2004 ................ Male .................................................. Female .............................................. White3 ............................................... Black3 ................................................ Hispanic origin4 .................................

Percent

Percent of high school completers

Number (in thousands)

Labor force participation rate

3

4

5

6

Unemployed

Number (in thousands) Percent of population 7

Number (in thousands)

Unemployment rate

Not in labor force (in thousands)

9

10

11

8

2,752 1,327 1,425

(37.5) (38.3) (31.6)

100.0 48.2 51.8

(†) (1.63) (1.56)

100.0 48.2 51.8

(†) (1.63) (1.56)

1,533 764 768

(38.9) (37.9) (35.3)

55.7 57.6 53.9

(1.19) (2.32) (2.17)

1,282 645 636

(37.3) (36.3) (33.9)

46.6 48.6 44.6

(1.20) (2.35) (2.16)

251 119 132

(26.6) (18.4) (19.2)

16.4 15.6 17.2

(1.64) (2.24) (2.23)

1,219 562 657

(36.8) (34.8) (34.1)

2,111 416 286 1,835 815 1,020 618 1,217 1,711 124 1,444 254 177 918 512 406 667 162 109

(34.1) (17.5) (23.0) (39.9) (38.4) (35.9) (28.8) (36.8) (39.6) (13.8) (35.6) (21.0) (20.6) (33.6) (33.7) (29.4) (29.0) (19.3) (17.3)

76.7 15.1 10.4 100.0 44.4 55.6 33.7 66.3 93.2 6.8 78.7 13.8 9.6 100.0 55.8 44.2 72.7 17.6 11.9

(1.01) (1.24) (1.06) (†) (1.98) (1.90) (1.39) (1.39) (0.74) (0.74) (1.20) (1.46) (1.25) (†) (2.80) (2.69) (1.85) (2.28) (1.94)

76.7 15.1 10.4 66.7 29.6 37.1 22.5 44.2 62.2 4.5 52.5 9.2 6.4 33.4 18.6 14.8 24.2 5.9 4.0

(1.01) (1.24) (1.06) (1.13) (1.49) (1.51) (1.00) (1.19) (1.16) (0.50) (1.20) (1.00) (0.85) (1.13) (1.27) (1.11) (1.03) (0.81) (0.67)

1,211 204 153 821 347 475 378 444 720 102 685 91 74 711 418 294 526 112 79

(34.7) (20.4) (19.7) (32.2) (29.2) (31.0) (23.3) (25.0) (30.6) (12.6) (29.3) (15.8) (14.7) (30.5) (31.4) (25.9) (26.4) (17.1) (15.1)

57.4 48.9 53.5 44.8 42.6 46.6 61.1 36.5 42.1 82.4 47.5 35.9 41.8 77.5 81.6 72.4 78.8 69.4 72.1

(1.36) (4.45) (5.35) (1.46) (2.96) (2.56) (2.47) (1.74) (1.50) (4.31) (1.66) (5.47) (6.73) (1.74) (2.93) (3.64) (1.99) (6.57) (7.80)

1,037 152 129 712 293 420 321 392 624 88 602 72 67 569 353 217 435 81 63

(33.4) (18.9) (18.5) (30.5) (27.2) (29.7) (21.7) (23.7) (28.9) (11.7) (27.9) (14.3) (14.1) (27.9) (29.4) (22.8) (24.4) (15.1) (13.7)

49.1 36.6 45.3 38.8 35.9 41.1 51.9 32.2 36.5 71.3 41.7 28.2 37.8 62.1 68.9 53.5 65.2 49.8 57.3

(1.37) (4.29) (5.34) (1.43) (2.87) (2.53) (2.53) (1.69) (1.47) (5.12) (1.63) (5.13) (6.62) (2.02) (3.50) (4.06) (2.32) (7.13) (8.60)

174 51 23 109 54 55 57 52 95 14 84 19 7 142 65 77 91 32 16

(22.2) (11.8) (8.2) (17.9) (12.6) (12.7) (13.0) (12.4) (16.7) (6.5) (15.7) (7.4) (4.6) (20.3) (13.8) (14.9) (16.3) (9.5) (6.8)

14.4 25.1 15.3 13.3 15.6 11.6 15.0 11.8 13.3 13.5 12.2 21.3 — 20.0 15.6 26.2 17.3 28.2 20.4

(1.75) (5.51) (5.29) (2.05) (3.33) (2.41) (3.18) (2.66) (2.19) (5.87) (2.16) (7.79) (†) (2.60) (3.03) (4.21) (2.86) (7.72) (8.22)

900 213 133 1,013 468 545 240 773 991 22 759 163 103 206 94 112 141 49 31

(32.1) (20.6) (18.7) (34.7) (32.7) (32.4) (18.9) (31.5) (34.5) (5.9) (30.4) (19.3) (16.9) (17.6) (16.2) (16.9) (14.6) (12.1) (9.9)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1The labor force includes all employed persons plus those seeking employment. The labor force participation rate is the percentage of persons either employed or seeking employment. 2 Includes 16- to 24-year-olds who completed high school between January and October 2002. 3Includes persons of Hispanic origin. 4Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. 5 Includes 16- to 24-year-olds who completed high school between January and October 2003. 6Includes 16- to 24-year-olds who completed high school between January and October 2004.

NOTE: Enrollment data are for October of given year. Data are based upon sample surveys of the civilian noninstitutional population. Percents are only shown when the base is 75,000 or greater. Even though the standard errors are large, smaller estimates are shown to permit users to combine categories in various ways. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the other racial groups are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the White and Black population groups. Standard errors have been revised from previous years. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, College Enrollment and Work Activity of High School Graduates, 2002, 2003, and 2004. (This table was prepared September 2005.)

618 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education Recent High School and College Graduates

Table 372. College enrollment and labor force status of 2002, 2003, and 2004 high school completers, by sex and race/ethnicity: 2002, 2003, and 2004—Continued

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 619 Recent High School and College Graduates

H

_

t n e c e Table R 373. Labor force status of high school dropouts, by sex and race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1980 through 2004 Dropouts in civilian labor force1

Dropouts

Dropouts not in labor force

Unemployed Year, sex, and race or ethnicity

Number (in thousands) 2

1 All dropouts2 1980............................................... 1985............................................... 1990............................................... 1995............................................... 2000............................................... 2001............................................... 2002............................................... 2003............................................... 2004............................................... Male 1980............................................... 1985............................................... 1990............................................... 1995............................................... 2000............................................... 2001............................................... 2002............................................... 2003............................................... 2004............................................... Female 1980............................................... 1985............................................... 1990............................................... 1995............................................... 2000............................................... 2001............................................... 2002............................................... 2003............................................... 2004............................................... White3 1980............................................... 1985............................................... 1990............................................... 1995............................................... 2000............................................... 2001............................................... 2002............................................... 2003............................................... 2004............................................... Black3 1980............................................... 1985............................................... 1990............................................... 1995............................................... 2000............................................... 2001............................................... 2002............................................... 2003............................................... 2004............................................... Hispanic4 1980............................................... 1985............................................... 1990............................................... 1995............................................... 2000............................................... 2001............................................... 2002............................................... 2003............................................... 2004...............................................

Percent of total

Number (in thousands)

Labor force participation rate

Number (in thousands)

Unemployment rate

Number (in thousands)

Percent of population

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

739 612 405 604 515 506 401 457 496

(33.5) (30.5) (25.7) (31.4) (39.1) (28.3) (25.2) (26.9) (28.0)

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

471 413 280 409 350 324 271 271 267

(26.7) (25.1) (21.4) (25.8) (32.3) (22.7) (20.7) (20.7) (20.6)

63.7 67.5 69.0 67.7 68.0 64.0 67.7 59.3 53.7

(2.18) (2.34) (2.94) (2.43) (3.55) (2.69) (2.94) (2.89) (2.82)

149 147 90 121 99 116 81 84 106

(20.7) (20.6) (16.7) (19.3) (17.1) (18.7) (15.6) (15.9) (17.8)

31.6 35.6 32.3 29.6 28.1 35.9 29.8 30.8 39.9

(2.64) (2.91) (3.57) (2.88) (4.15) (3.36) (3.50) (3.53) (3.77)

268 199 125 195 165 182 129 186 229

(20.2) (17.4) (14.3) (17.8) (22.2) (17.0) (14.3) (17.2) (19.0)

36.3 32.5 31.0 32.3 32.0 36.0 32.3 40.7 46.3

(2.18) (2.34) (2.94) (2.43) (3.55) (2.69) (2.94) (2.89) (2.82)

422 321 215 339 295 298 214 242 278

(32.5) (30.0) (25.4) (31.9) (28.5) (29.5) (25.0) (26.6) (28.5)

57.1 52.5 53.1 56.1 57.3 58.9 53.4 53.0 56.0

(3.82) (4.67) (5.91) (4.68) (4.79) (4.88) (5.83) (5.49) (5.09)

305 261 173 251 220 198 149 159 166

(27.7) (27.0) (22.8) (27.5) (24.6) (24.0) (20.9) (21.6) (22.0)

72.3 81.3 80.2 74.0 74.4 66.5 69.5 65.6 59.9

(3.46) (3.65) (4.72) (4.13) (4.23) (4.68) (5.38) (6.45) (6.51)

93 98 63 72 54 68 35 53 67

(15.3) (16.6) (13.8) (14.7) (12.2) (14.1) (10.1) (12.5) (14.0)

30.5 37.5 36.2 28.7 24.5 34.2 23.4 33.2 40.4

(4.18) (5.02) (6.34) (4.96) (4.82) (5.77) (5.93) (6.39) (6.51)

117 60 42 88 76 100 65 83 112

(17.1) (13.0) (11.2) (16.3) (14.5) (17.1) (13.8) (15.6) (18.1)

27.7 18.7 19.8 26.0 25.6 33.5 30.5 34.4 40.1

(3.46) (3.65) (4.72) (4.13) (4.23) (4.68) (5.38) (5.22) (5.03)

317 291 190 265 220 207 187 215 218

(27.0) (27.4) (22.9) (27.1) (23.6) (23.6) (22.4) (24.0) (24.2)

42.9 47.5 46.9 43.9 42.7 40.9 46.6 47.0 44.0

(4.23) (4.71) (6.03) (5.08) (5.30) (5.61) (5.99) (5.59) (5.52)

166 152 107 157 131 126 122 112 100

(19.6) (19.8) (17.2) (20.8) (18.2) (18.4) (18.1) (17.4) (16.4)

52.4 52.2 56.3 59.5 59.4 60.6 65.6 52.1 45.9

(4.27) (4.71) (5.99) (5.02) (5.27) (5.57) (5.70) (5.59) (5.54)

56 49 28 49 45 48 46 31 39

(11.4) (11.3) (8.8) (11.7) (10.7) (11.4) (11.1) (9.1) (10.2)

33.7 32.2 26.1 30.9 34.2 38.6 37.6 27.6 38.9

(5.58) (6.10) (7.07) (6.14) (6.59) (7.12) (7.20) (6.93) (8.00)

151 139 83 107 90 82 64 103 118

(18.7) (18.9) (15.2) (17.2) (15.1) (14.9) (13.1) (16.6) (17.8)

47.6 47.8 43.7 40.5 40.6 39.4 34.4 47.9 54.1

(4.27) (4.71) (5.99) (5.02) (5.27) (5.57) (5.70) (5.59) (5.54)

580 458 303 448 384 401 281 336 370

(29.7) (26.4) (22.2) (27.0) (33.8) (25.2) (21.1) (23.1) (24.2)

78.5 74.8 74.8 74.2 74.6 79.2 70.1 73.5 74.6

(2.11) (2.50) (3.19) (2.64) (3.84) (2.55) (3.44) (3.03) (2.85)

392 330 211 312 280 273 188 215 196

(24.4) (22.4) (18.6) (22.6) (28.9) (20.8) (17.3) (18.5) (17.6)

67.6 72.1 69.8 69.8 73.0 68.1 67.0 64.0 53.0

(2.40) (2.59) (3.37) (2.77) (3.91) (2.93) (3.53) (3.30) (3.27)

106 116 56 85 70 89 48 58 56

(17.5) (18.3) (13.2) (16.2) (14.4) (16.3) (12.0) (13.2) (13.0)

27.0 35.2 26.3 27.2 24.9 32.4 25.6 27.1 28.8

(2.77) (3.24) (3.88) (3.22) (4.46) (3.57) (4.01) (3.82) (4.07)

188 128 92 135 104 128 93 121 174

(16.9) (14.0) (12.3) (14.8) (17.6) (14.2) (12.1) (13.8) (16.6)

32.4 27.9 30.2 30.2 27.0 31.9 33.0 36.0 47.0

(2.40) (2.59) (3.37) (2.77) (3.91) (2.93) (3.53) (3.30) (3.27)

146 132 86 109 111 85 79 88 91

(20.3) (20.4) (17.0) (19.2) (18.6) (15.8) (16.1) (17.0) (17.3)

19.8 21.6 21.2 18.0 21.5 16.8 19.7 19.3 18.3

(5.55) (6.37) (8.13) (6.79) (6.90) (6.96) (8.12) (7.63) (7.37)

73 69 56 66 58 42 55 42 50

(14.4) (14.7) (13.8) (14.9) (13.5) (11.1) (13.4) (11.8) (12.8)

50.0 52.3 65.3 61.0 51.9 49.9 69.8 47.8 54.4

(6.97) (7.73) (9.46) (8.61) (8.40) (9.31) (9.38) (9.67) (9.48)

40 30 30 27 27 21 27 19 39

(10.6) (9.7) (10.1) (9.6) (9.2) (7.9) (9.4) (7.9) (11.3)

‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

73 63 30 42 53 43 24 46 42

(14.4) (14.1) (10.1) (11.9) (12.9) (11.2) (8.9) (12.3) (11.8)

50.0 47.7 34.7 39.0 48.1 50.1 30.2 52.2 45.6

(6.97) (7.73) (9.46) (8.61) (8.40) (9.31) (9.38) (9.67) (9.48)

91 106 67 174 101 119 94 124 154

(18.9) (18.3) (15.1) (24.2) (19.8) (21.5) (17.6) (20.1) (22.4)

12.3 17.3 16.5 28.8 19.6 23.5 23.4 27.1 31.0

(6.85) (6.54) (8.36) (6.33) (7.80) (7.67) (7.93) (7.25) (6.77)

60 73 32 119 62 84 62 68 87

(15.4) (15.2) (10.4) (20.0) (15.5) (18.1) (14.3) (14.9) (16.9)

65.9 68.9 ‡ 68.6 61.1 70.6 66.5 54.5 56.8

(9.88) (8.00) (†) (6.48) (9.58) (8.24) (8.84) (8.12) (7.25)

17 33 10 35 22 27 23 17 27

(8.2) (10.2) (5.8) (10.9) (8.9) (10.2) (8.7) (7.5) (9.4)

‡ ‡ ‡ 29.3 ‡ 32.6 ‡ ‡ 30.7

(†) (†) (†) (7.69) (†) (10.10) (†) (†) (8.98)

31 33 35 55 39 35 31 57 67

(11.1) (10.2) (10.9) (13.6) (12.3) (11.7) (10.1) (13.7) (14.8)

34.1 31.1 ‡ 31.4 38.9 29.4 33.5 45.5 43.2

(9.88) (8.00) (†) (6.48) (9.58) (8.24) (8.84) (8.12) (7.25)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1 The labor force includes all employed persons plus those seeking employment. The labor force participation rate is the percentage of persons either employed or seeking employment. The unemployment rate is the percent of persons in the labor force who are seeking employment. 2Persons 16 to 24 years old who dropped out of school in the 12-month period ending in October of years shown. 3 Includes persons of Hispanic origin. 4Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.

NOTE: Data are based upon sample surveys of the civilian noninstitutional population. Includes dropouts from any grade, including a small number from elementary and middle schools. Even though the standard errors are large, smaller estimates are shown to permit users to combine categories in various ways. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the other racial groups are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the White and Black population groups. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, College Enrollment and Work Activity of High School Graduates, selected years, 1980 through 2004 and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared October 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

620 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education Recent High School and College Graduates _

Table 374. Full-time employment status of bachelor’s degree recipients 1 year after graduation, by field of study: Selected years, 1976 to 2001 Percent employed full time

Field of study 1

Percent employed full time in a job closely related to field of study

1974–75 1979–80 1983–84 1985–86 1989–90 1999–2000 1974–75 1979–80 1983–84 1985–86 1989–90 1999–2000 graduates graduates graduates graduates graduates graduates graduates graduates graduates graduates graduates graduates in July in May in May in June in June in June in July in May in May in June in June in June 2001 1976 1981 1985 1987 1991 2001 1976 1981 1985 1987 1991 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Total .................................................................

67

71

73

74

74

84 (0.6)

35

38

38

38

39

52 (0.8)

Professional/technical fields ........................................

77

80

82

81

80

88 (0.8)

51

51

47

47

48

63 (1.3)

Arts and sciences fields...............................................

56

56

56

62

64

77 (1.1)

18

17

15

25

26

39 (1.3)

Other............................................................................

65

74

75

74

73

88 (1.2)

36

43

47

36

38

45 (2.2)

Newly qualified to teach...............................................

66

75

73

68

74

82 (1.0)

43

56

54

47

58

44 (1.3)

Not newly qualified to teach......................................... Professional/technical fields..................................... Engineering.......................................................... Business and management ................................. Health................................................................... Education1 ........................................................... Public affairs and services ................................... Arts and sciences fields........................................... Biological sciences............................................... Physical sciences and mathematics2 ................... Psychology........................................................... Social sciences .................................................... Humanities ........................................................... Other........................................................................ Communications .................................................. Miscellaneous ......................................................

67 80 79 84 75 66 — 57 56 50 61 59 56 68 — 66

71 81 84 83 77 67 77 56 45 58 56 61 55 75 71 76

73 82 84 85 75 63 74 56 43 51 57 61 59 77 76 77

74 82 83 85 76 73 72 63 42 76 66 61 59 75 77 74

73 83 84 83 86 67 66 64 50 72 59 68 59 73 75 73

86 89 87 93 84 81 87 77 66 89 80 76 72 89 — —

33 52 57 49 71 22 — 17 26 19 22 12 12 36 — 35

36 49 55 44 66 29 46 16 18 29 17 10 14 43 31 46

36 47 53 41 70 24 31 15 17 20 12 13 17 42 31 46

37 47 46 40 65 57 37 25 15 48 22 12 19 36 33 38

36 48 50 42 83 39 49 23 26 48 22 16 11 37 29 38

56 66 71 62 81 30 58 42 47 66 37 25 41 48 — —

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Includes those who have not finished all requirements for teaching certification or were previously qualified to teach. 2Includes computer sciences. NOTE: Data are from sample surveys of recent college graduates. Notes on methodology are included in the Guide to Sources. Data exclude bachelor’s recipients from U.S. Service

(0.7) (0.9) (2.3) (1.2) (1.7) (6.9) (2.8) (1.5) (3.9) (2.3) (3.2) (2.8) (3.5) (1.5) (†) (†)

(1.1) (1.5) (3.3) (2.3) (2.3) (9.2) (4.6) (1.8) (5.0) (3.4) (4.5) (3.1) (3.9) (2.8) (†) (†)

Schools, deceased graduates, and graduates living at foreign addresses at the time of the survey. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, “Recent College Graduates” surveys, 1976 through 1991; and 2000/01 Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B:2000/01). (This table was prepared September 2003.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 375. Percentage distribution of 1999–2000 bachelor’s degree recipients 1 year after graduation, by field of study, time to completion, enrollment status, employment status, occupational area, job characteristics, and annual salaries: 2001 Professional/technical fields

Status

All fields of study

Business and management

Education

Engineering

2

3

4

5

1

Arts and sciences

Public Health affairs and social professions services 6

Biological sciences

7

Mathematics and physical sciences Social sciences

8

9

10

History

Humanities

Psychology

11

12

13

Other fields 14

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

Time between high school graduation and degree completion 4 years or less .......................................... More than 4, up to 5 years ....................... More than 5, up to 6 years ....................... More than 6, up to 10 years ..................... More than 10 years ..................................

32.7 22.9 10.8 14.8 18.9

(0.79) (0.59) (0.48) (0.56) (0.62)

28.2 19.7 10.0 15.3 26.8

(1.72) (1.40) (1.14) (1.49) (1.78)

25.6 25.8 14.2 15.7 18.6

(1.80) (1.67) (1.14) (1.66) (1.79)

23.0 32.4 15.3 15.4 13.9

(2.26) (2.49) (1.14) (2.13) (1.81)

26.2 21.5 11.1 14.9 26.3

(2.05) (1.75) (1.14) (1.59) (1.77)

27.6 23.1 9.1 15.7 24.6

(2.58) (2.70) (1.14) (2.93) (2.71)

44.5 24.6 6.5 16.6 7.8

(2.40) (2.27) (1.14) (2.18) (1.44)

32.5 22.2 11.8 15.0 18.4

(2.42) (2.00) (1.14) (2.06) (2.13)

44.7 22.1 9.5 11.5 12.2

(2.37) (1.98) (1.14) (1.43) (1.52)

42.5 18.3 7.4 12.3 19.5

(4.42) (2.95) (1.14) (2.74) (3.47)

38.1 20.2 11.6 15.4 14.8

(2.07) (1.50) (1.14) (1.55) (1.45)

42.8 18.4 8.5 14.0 16.4

(2.37) (1.86) (1.14) (1.78) (1.92)

31.3 26.3 11.2 14.3 17.0

(1.55) (1.38) (1.14) (1.40) (1.45)

Enrollment status Enrolled full-time....................................... Enrolled part-time..................................... Not enrolled ..............................................

14.2 6.5 79.4

(0.49) (0.31) (0.54)

7.0 5.4 87.6

(0.91) (0.80) (1.09)

6.8 11.2 82.0

(1.00) (1.15) (1.45)

9.7 8.9 81.4

(1.47) (1.55) (2.03)

16.4 5.6 78.1

(1.35) (1.00) (1.62)

11.5 7.6 80.9

(1.86) (1.76) (2.34)

41.5 4.0 54.6

(2.79) (0.92) (2.73)

17.2 7.2 75.6

(2.00) (1.40) (2.38)

23.9 4.7 71.5

(2.00) (0.90) (2.14)

16.7 12.2 71.1

(2.48) (3.20) (3.67)

14.7 6.5 78.9

(1.24) (0.94) (1.53)

23.3 7.7 69.0

(2.02) (1.15) (2.13)

11.1 5.0 83.9

(0.97) (0.72) (1.18)

Employment status Employed.................................................. Full time................................................ Part time............................................... Unemployed1 ............................................ Not in labor force2 ....................................

87.4 76.5 10.9 6.2 6.4

(0.44) (0.54) (0.42) (0.33) (0.32)

91.8 85.5 6.2 5.4 2.9

(1.05) (1.29) (0.90) (0.90) (0.59)

93.9 84.0 9.8 2.2 4.0

(0.91) (1.44) (1.15) (0.49) (0.74)

93.0 86.0 6.9 4.4 2.7

(1.39) (1.78) (1.23) (1.06) (0.83)

88.5 74.8 13.7 4.9 6.6

(1.25) (1.67) (1.29) (0.90) (0.89)

90.9 85.1 5.8 4.9 4.2

(1.90) (2.21) (1.23) (1.32) (1.04)

70.2 52.6 17.6 6.7 23.2

(2.49) (2.78) (1.88) (1.31) (2.26)

88.4 80.7 7.7 4.4 7.3

(1.59) (2.02) (1.23) (1.06) (1.26)

81.2 66.0 15.2 7.8 11.0

(1.70) (2.18) (1.71) (1.08) (1.40)

88.7 76.8 11.9 5.5 5.8

(2.27) (2.99) (2.11) (1.80) (1.47)

85.2 67.5 17.7 8.1 6.7

(1.49) (1.83) (1.55) (1.07) (0.93)

80.8 64.0 16.8 9.8 9.5

(1.97) (2.50) (1.92) (1.58) (1.38)

87.0 78.6 8.4 7.8 5.2

(1.02) (1.27) (0.86) (0.78) (0.74)

Unemployment rate3 .................................... Total employed ...............................

4.0 100.0

(0.33) (†)

2.9 100.0

(0.65) (†)

2.6 100.0

(1.38) (†)

2.9 100.0

(0.86) (†)

3.1 100.0

(0.78) (†)

3.5 100.0

(1.01) (†)

8.6 100.0

(2.08) (†)

2.8 100.0

(1.09) (†)

6.1 100.0

(1.25) (†)

7.2 100.0

(2.06) (†)

4.9 100.0

(1.02) (†)

3.9 100.0

(0.92) (†)

3.9 100.0

(0.69) (†)

Occupation Business management............................. Education ................................................. Engineering .............................................. Health professions.................................... Other profession4 ..................................... Computer science/programming .............. Administrative/clerical/support ................. Mechanic/operator/laborer ....................... Sales ........................................................ Service ..................................................... Military/protective service.........................

25.3 18.1 4.8 7.8 11.2 6.8 5.4 3.3 6.8 8.1 2.4

(0.57) (0.56) (0.31) (0.38) (0.42) (0.37) (0.33) (0.27) (0.38) (0.41) (0.24)

55.4 3.2 1.2 1.0 2.3 9.0 5.7 3.8 12.2 5.1 1.2

(1.78) (0.65) (0.33) (0.36) (0.51) (1.05) (0.91) (0.78) (1.21) (0.83) (0.41)

4.2 81.9 # 1.6 1.5 1.2 3.5 1.1 1.0 3.3 0.8

(0.83) (1.67) (†) (0.51) (0.37) (0.41) (0.74) (0.41) (0.45) (0.86) (0.47)

11.1 3.0 53.0 0.4 13.5 10.1 1.6 3.6 1.3 1.7 0.6

(1.85) (1.01) (3.11) (0.30) (2.08) (1.93) (0.60) (1.08) (0.53) (0.57) (0.36)

10.8 7.6 # 61.8 5.7 0.8 2.8 2.0 2.9 4.4 1.2

(1.37) (1.08) (†) (2.27) (1.06) (0.33) (0.70) (0.74) (0.69) (1.05) (0.47)

19.0 11.0 0.7 4.3 26.7 2.3 5.1 2.0 2.2 5.4 21.5

(2.68) (2.69) (0.47) (1.15) (2.78) (1.00) (1.30) (0.96) (0.79) (1.61) (2.89)

15.2 12.6 1.2 15.6 32.7 2.3 5.0 6.1 3.3 5.0 1.0

(2.12) (1.91) (0.81) (1.96) (2.82) (0.70) (1.40) (1.72) (1.08) (1.09) (0.47)

14.6 11.7 9.2 2.0 16.7 35.9 3.0 1.8 2.0 1.5 1.7

(2.17) (1.90) (1.40) (0.77) (1.82) (2.42) (0.82) (0.68) (0.96) (0.54) (0.62)

33.7 13.5 0.5 3.4 15.2 4.9 8.8 1.2 4.0 11.1 3.6

(2.07) (1.69) (0.24) (0.96) (1.78) (1.22) (1.27) (0.57) (0.91) (1.75) (0.81)

22.5 24.0 # 2.0 9.1 1.8 7.6 8.3 11.1 12.2 1.5

(4.14) (3.90) (†) (1.97) (2.34) (0.97) (2.15) (2.47) (2.44) (2.84) (0.88)

18.1 24.5 0.5 1.5 10.8 5.4 8.6 4.7 6.8 18.5 0.6

(1.65) (1.72) (0.37) (0.42) (1.28) (0.99) (1.05) (0.85) (1.07) (1.60) (0.29)

19.8 21.9 # 7.9 21.2 2.1 5.9 2.0 4.3 11.3 3.5

(2.24) (2.36) (†) (1.28) (2.09) (0.73) (1.39) (1.01) (0.93) (1.74) (1.02)

22.9 14.2 3.9 3.6 14.7 4.8 5.1 4.8 12.3 10.7 2.9

(1.51) (1.26) (0.76) (0.67) (1.19) (0.94) (0.73) (0.75) (1.13) (1.15) (0.64)

Job characteristics Job is start of career................................. Job closely related to bachelor's degree ..

71.4 54.0

(0.67) (0.72)

75.7 55.8

(1.60) (1.66)

86.6 82.7

(1.41) (1.48)

89.1 69.3

(1.61) (2.85)

73.4 74.6

(1.88) (1.95)

75.8 59.3

(2.62) (2.93)

60.0 47.1

(3.28) (3.06)

76.3 66.3

(2.37) (2.62)

62.4 29.0

(2.54) (2.09)

58.9 24.8

(4.08) (3.78)

61.7 41.3

(1.98) (1.95)

56.6 35.8

(2.84) (2.82)

68.1 47.0

(1.62) (2.14)

Annual salaries5 Less than $10,000.................................... $10,000 to $14,999 .................................. $15,000 to $19,999 .................................. $20,000 to $24,999 .................................. $25,000 to $34,999 .................................. $35,000 to $49,999 .................................. $50,000 to $74,999 .................................. $75,000 or more .......................................

1.4 2.6 5.4 11.2 36.4 28.0 12.3 2.9

(0.16) (0.24) (0.34) (0.47) (0.81) (0.77) (0.54) (0.29)

0.4 1.0 1.8 5.7 29.3 41.1 15.9 4.9

(0.20) (0.41) (0.57) (0.92) (1.96) (2.01) (1.48) (0.90)

1.8 1.6 7.3 16.4 62.0 9.5 1.4 #

(0.57) (0.42) (1.14) (1.76) (2.18) (1.24) (0.59) (†)

0.8 0.5 1.4 1.5 5.7 44.0 43.1 3.0

(0.74) (0.37) (0.58) (0.64) (1.54) (3.20) (3.19) (0.93)

0.6 1.3 2.8 6.4 30.2 40.3 14.7 3.8

(0.22) (0.50) (0.76) (1.20) (2.07) (2.23) (1.73) (0.99)

1.1 2.7 8.0 18.2 46.2 16.3 4.5 2.9

(0.58) (1.44) (2.16) (2.74) (3.38) (2.39) (1.38) (1.44)

1.8 4.7 9.7 13.7 37.1 25.5 5.8 1.7

(0.69) (1.43) (2.04) (2.24) (3.43) (3.27) (1.73) (1.10)

0.8 0.7 4.2 6.6 24.7 28.3 29.5 5.2

(0.64) (0.33) (1.06) (1.41) (2.87) (2.83) (2.94) (1.13)

2.2 2.9 4.3 13.6 39.0 26.7 8.4 2.8

(0.70) (0.79) (1.03) (1.79) (2.77) (2.41) (1.58) (0.86)

3.3 2.0 8.1 11.2 47.2 26.9 1.3 #

(2.14) (0.85) (3.02) (2.63) (4.85) (4.48) (1.08) (†)

1.8 5.4 9.1 14.7 43.3 20.2 4.9 0.7

(0.42) (0.98) (1.10) (1.43) (2.25) (1.86) (1.05) (0.32)

5.5 4.1 7.8 18.9 41.1 16.1 4.8 1.8

(1.48) (1.24) (1.85) (1.99) (3.12) (2.38) (1.22) (1.13)

1.3 3.0 7.4 15.0 37.3 24.4 9.5 2.2

(0.45) (0.60) (1.01) (1.36) (2.03) (1.73) (1.25) (0.60)

Average annual salary6 ................................ $35,408 (316.0) $41,008 (941.2) $27,634 (345.7) $47,931 (790.0) $39,441 (1,089.6) $30,400 (1,054.7) $30,749 (978.4) $42,755 (981.0) $33,892 (916.0) $29,984 (1,053.2) $30,102 (846.5) $28,835 (905.7) $32,780 (627.5) †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Percent of all persons (including those not in the labor force) who are not working, but are looking for work. 2Percent not working and not looking for work. 3 Percent of persons in the labor force (excluding those not in the labor force) who are not working, but are looking for work. 4 All other professional occupations excluding business, teaching, engineering, and health.

5

Salaries for those employed full time. Respondents reporting salaries less than $1,000 or more than $500,000 were excluded. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2000/01 Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B:2000/01). (This table was prepared September 2003.)

6

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 621 Recent High School and College Graduates

Total 1999–2000 graduates ...........

622 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education Recent High School and College Graduates _

Table 376. Postsecondary enrollment status of 1992–93 bachelor’s degree recipients, by undergraduate major: 1997 Enrolled in April 19971 Ever enrolled since graduation

Undergraduate major field of study and educational attainment 1

Enrolled full time Enrolled part time

2

3

4

Enrolled and employed

Enrolled and not employed

5

6

Percent All graduates ............................................................................................................................

29.8

8.5

9.2

13.0

4.7

Professional fields.............................................................................................................................. Engineering.................................................................................................................................... Business and management ........................................................................................................... Health professions ......................................................................................................................... Education....................................................................................................................................... Public affairs and social services ...................................................................................................

25.8 33.9 16.3 26.6 38.0 26.4

5.0 6.6 3.7 7.6 5.5 4.1

9.4 11.1 5.7 6.5 16.9 9.0

12.0 14.1 7.5 9.9 20.1 12.3

2.4 3.6 1.9 4.2 2.3 0.8

Arts and sciences fields..................................................................................................................... Biological sciences ........................................................................................................................ Mathematics and other sciences ................................................................................................... Psychology..................................................................................................................................... Social sciences .............................................................................................................................. History............................................................................................................................................ Humanities.....................................................................................................................................

38.5 52.1 39.2 42.0 35.9 40.8 31.7

15.1 33.9 12.6 18.8 10.9 13.8 10.5

9.3 8.2 8.3 7.7 11.9 9.2 8.3

15.2 16.6 13.1 18.2 16.7 11.8 13.6

9.2 25.5 7.8 8.3 6.1 11.2 5.2

Other..................................................................................................................................................

24.0

6.3

8.1

11.9

2.5

1

Includes enrollment at any level in a degree or nondegree program. NOTE: Data are from a sample survey of recent college graduates. Notes on methodology are included in the Guide to Sources.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1993/97 Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B:93/97). (This table was prepared April 2001.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 377. Average annual salary of bachelor’s degree recipients employed full time 1 year after graduation, by field of study: Selected years, 1976 through 2001

Field of study 1 Total..................................................

Average salary1 of 1974–75 degree recipients in February 1976

Average salary1 of 1979–80 degree recipients in May 1981

Average salary1 of 1983–84 degree recipients in June 1985

Average salary of 1985–86 degree recipients in June 1987

Average salary of 1989–90 degree recipients in June 1991

Average salary1 of 1992–93 degree recipients in April 1994

Current Constant dollars 2004 dollars

Current Constant dollars 2004 dollars

Current Constant dollars 2004 dollars

Current Constant dollars 2004 dollars

Current Constant dollars 2004 dollars

Current Constant dollars 2004 dollars

1

Average salary of 1999–2000 degree recipients in 2001 (in constant 2004 dollars)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

$7,600

$25,200

$15,200

$31,600

$17,700

$31,100

$20,400

$33,800

$23,600

$32,700

$24,200

$30,800

$37,800

Percent change in constant dollars, 1976 to 2001

Percent change in constant dollars, 1991 to 2001

14

15

16

(337.1)

49.7

15.4

Engineering ..............................................

12,200

40,500

22,400

46,500

24,100

42,300

26,600

44,200

30,900

42,900

30,900

39,400

51,100

(842.6)

26.2

19.3

Business and management ......................

10,200

33,900

16,300

33,900

18,700

32,800

21,100

35,100

24,700

34,300

27,100

34,500

43,700

(1,003.9)

29.2

27.5

Health professions ....................................

8,600

28,600

17,300

36,000

20,800

36,500

22,600

37,500

31,500

43,600

31,300

39,900

42,100

(1,162.2)

47.3

-3.6

Education2 ................................................

6,300

20,900

11,500

23,900

13,800

24,200

15,800

26,200

19,100

26,500

19,300

24,600

29,500

(368.8)

40.9

11.2

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Public affairs and social services..............

—

—

13,700

28,500

15,100

26,500

17,700

29,400

20,800

28,800

22,000

28,100

32,400

(1,125.0)

—

12.4

Biological sciences ...................................

6,500

21,600

14,500

30,100

15,100

26,500

16,400

27,200

21,100

29,200

22,800

29,000

32,800

(1,043.5)

52.0

12.3

Mathematics and other sciences ..............

7,000

23,200

16,300

33,900

17,500

30,700

22,500

37,400

27,200

37,700

25,400

32,400

45,600

(1,046.3)

96.2

21.1

Psychology ...............................................

—

—

12,500

26,000

14,600

25,600

17,300

28,800

19,200

26,600

19,500

24,800

30,800

(966.0)

—

15.8

Social sciences.........................................

6,700

22,200

14,000

29,100

15,800

27,700

20,300

33,800

22,200

30,800

22,100

28,100

36,200

(977.0)

62.5

17.3

History ......................................................

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

21,000

26,800

32,000

(1,123.4)

—

—

Humanities................................................

5,800

19,300

12,600

26,200

14,000

24,600

16,200

27,000

19,100

26,400

21,300

27,200

32,100

(902.9)

66.7

21.5

Communications.......................................

—

—

—

—

16,200

28,400

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(†)

—

—

Miscellaneous...........................................

6,800

22,600

15,100

31,400

18,600

32,700

17,600

29,300

20,800

28,800

21,600

27,600

35,000

(669.3)

54.9

21.4

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Reported salaries of full-time workers under $2,600 in 1976, $4,200 in 1981, $5,000 in 1985, and $1,000 in 1994 and 2001 were excluded from the tabulations. Also, those with salaries over $500,000 in 1994 and 2001 were excluded. 2Most educators work 9- to 10-month contracts.

NOTE: Data exclude bachelor’s recipients from U.S. Service Schools, deceased graduates, and graduates living at foreign addresses at the time of the survey. Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, “Recent College Graduates” surveys, 1976 though 1991; and 1993/94, 2000/01 Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B:93/94) and (B&B:2000/01). (This table was prepared February 2006.)

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 623 Recent High School and College Graduates

Elementary/secondary

Sex and year 1

Total

Less than 9th Some high school, grade no completion1

2

3

College Bachelor’s or higher degree5

High school completion (includes equivalency)2

Some college, no degree3

5

6

4

Associate’s degree4

Total Bachelor’s degree6

7

8

Master’s degree4

Professional degree4

Doctor’s degree4

10

11

12

9

Current dollars

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Males 1990........................................... $30,733 1991........................................... 31,613 1992........................................... 32,057 1993........................................... 32,359 1994........................................... 33,440 1995........................................... 34,551 1996........................................... 35,622 1997........................................... 36,678 1998........................................... 37,906 1999........................................... 40,333 2000........................................... 41,059 2001........................................... 41,617 2002........................................... 41,152 2003........................................... 41,939 2004........................................... 42,085 Females 1990........................................... 21,372 1991........................................... 22,043 1992........................................... 23,139 1993........................................... 23,629 1994........................................... 24,399 1995........................................... 24,875 1996........................................... 25,808 1997........................................... 26,974 1998........................................... 27,956 1999........................................... 28,844 2000........................................... 30,327 2001........................................... 31,356 2002........................................... 31,010 2003........................................... 31,565 2004........................................... 31,990

(—) $17,394 (—) 17,623 (120) 17,294 (124) 16,863 (246) 17,532 (275) 18,354 (150) 17,962 (149) 19,291 (291) 19,380 (144) 20,429 (156) 20,789 (104) 21,361 (100) 20,919 (90) 21,217 (89) 21,659

(—) $20,902 (—) 21,402 (—) 21,274 (—) 21,752 (453) 22,048 (545) 22,185 (594) 22,717 (629) 24,726 (600) 23,958 (444) 25,035 (376) 25,095 (235) 26,209 (213) 25,903 (227) 26,468 (191) 26,277

(—) $26,653 (—) 26,779 (—) 27,280 (—) 27,370 (319) 28,037 (342) 29,510 (414) 30,709 (466) 31,215 (547) 31,477 (535) 33,184 (436) 34,303 (251) 34,723 (207) 33,206 (280) 35,412 (234) 35,725

(—) $31,734 (—) 31,663 (175) 32,103 (204) 32,077 (322) 32,279 (358) 33,883 (184) 34,845 (171) 35,945 (169) 36,934 (388) 39,221 (457) 40,337 (299) 41,045 (311) 40,851 (168) 41,348 (148) 41,895

(—) — (—) $33,817 (—) 33,433 (—) 33,690 (300) 35,794 (517) 35,201 (456) 37,131 (293) 38,022 (291) 40,274 (581) 41,638 (312) 41,952 (214) 42,776 (195) 42,856 (182) 42,871 (175) 44,404

(†) $42,671 (—) 45,138 (—) 45,802 (—) 47,740 (430) 49,228 (535) 50,481 (435) 51,436 (774) 53,450 (539) 56,524 (459) 60,201 (460) 61,868 (561) 62,223 (673) 61,700 (719) 62,075 (931) 62,797

(—) $39,238 (—) 40,906 (—) 41,355 (—) 42,757 (707) 43,663 (312) 45,266 (303) 45,846 (755) 48,616 (421) 51,405 (439) 52,985 (303) 56,334 (279) 55,929 (201) 56,077 (187) 56,502 (798) 57,220

(—) — (—) $49,734 (304) 49,973 (536) 51,867 (633) 53,500 (510) 55,216 (458) 60,508 (851) 61,690 (349) 62,244 (722) 66,243 (573) 68,322 (335) 70,899 (385) 67,281 (365) 70,640 (393) 71,530

(—) (—) (159) (166) (165) (160) (131) (134) (199) (216) (138) (91) (83) (85) (80)

(—) (—) (—) (—) (427) (490) (559) (492) (429) (492) (327) (255) (297) (256) (241)

(—) (—) (—) (—) (328) (293) (333) (335) (322) (298) (434) (359) (360) (327) (319)

(—) (—) (176) (173) (158) (162) (143) (148) (254) (279) (236) (132) (121) (118) (116)

(—) (—) (—) (—) (327) (274) (267) (291) (271) (369) (364) (186) (299) (176) (135)

(†) (—) (—) (—) (295) (428) (526) (660) (513) (318) (307) (231) (211) (241) (489)

(—) (—) (—) (—) (280) (313) (296) (481) (408) (275) (439) (367) (568) (291) (229)

(—) (—) (294) (310) (314) (273) (437) (295) (305) (614) (284) (231) (173) (204) (172)

12,251 12,066 12,958 12,415 12,430 13,577 14,414 14,161 14,467 15,098 15,798 16,691 16,510 16,907 17,023

14,429 14,455 14,559 15,386 15,133 15,825 16,953 16,697 16,482 17,015 17,919 19,156 19,307 18,938 19,162

18,319 18,836 19,427 19,963 20,373 20,463 21,175 22,067 22,780 23,061 24,970 25,303 25,182 26,074 26,029

22,227 22,143 23,157 23,056 23,514 23,997 25,167 26,335 27,420 27,757 28,697 30,418 29,400 30,142 30,816

— 25,000 25,624 25,883 25,940 27,311 28,083 28,812 29,924 30,919 31,071 32,153 31,625 32,253 33,481

30,377 31,310 32,304 34,307 35,378 35,259 36,461 38,038 39,786 41,747 42,706 44,776 43,245 45,116 45,911

28,017 29,079 30,326 31,197 31,741 32,051 33,525 35,379 36,559 37,993 40,415 40,994 40,853 41,327 41,681

— 34,949 36,037 38,612 39,457 40,263 41,901 44,949 45,283 48,097 50,139 50,669 48,890 50,163 51,316

(†) (—) (—) (—) (854) (973) (945) (771) (847) (690) (1,506) (687) (1,294) (562) (490) (†) (—) (—) (—) (606) (556) (564) (837) (760) (862) (735) (328) (595) (454) (263)

— (†) — $73,996 (—) $57,187 76,220 (—) 57,418 80,549 (—) 63,149 75,009 (3,040) 61,921 79,667 (2,582) 65,336 85,963 (3,317) 71,227 85,011 (4,253) 76,234 94,737 (12,105) 75,078 100,000 (37,836) 81,687 99,411 (20,832) 80,250 100,000 (†) 86,965 100,000 (†) 83,305 100,000 (†) 87,131 100,000 (†) 82,401 — 46,742 46,257 50,211 50,615 50,000 57,624 61,051 57,565 59,904 58,957 61,748 57,018 66,491 75,036

(†) (—) (—) (—) (2,154) (2,532) (3,635) (4,737) (1,705) (4,479) (3,552) (3,976) (2,421) (3,469) (2,436)

(†) (—) (—) (—) (1,619) (2,188) (3,362) (3,611) (2,507) (3,953) (2,446) (3,013) (2,076) (2,528) (2,423)

— 43,303 45,790 47,248 51,119 48,141 56,267 53,038 57,796 60,079 57,081 62,123 65,715 67,214 68,875

(†) (—) (—) (—) (2,888) (2,373) (3,300) (3,626) (1,881) (3,130) (2,999) (2,228) (2,268) (2,462) (2,450)

(†) — (†) — (—) $102,627 (—) $79,314 (—) 102,623 (—) 77,308 (—) 105,299 (—) 82,553 (1,089) 95,609 (3,875) 78,926 (1,206) 98,747 (3,200) 80,984 (1,138) 103,495 (3,994) 85,754 (907) 100,053 (5,006) 89,723 (982) 109,790 (14,028) 87,008 (782) 113,385 (42,900) 92,621 (1,652) 109,052 (22,852) 88,033 (733) 106,663 (†) 92,759 (1,359) 105,003 (†) 87,473 (577) 102,663 (†) 89,451 (490) 100,000 (†) 82,401

(†) (—) (—) (—) (2,064) (2,712) (4,048) (4,250) (2,905) (4,482) (2,683) (3,214) (2,180) (2,595) (2,423)

Constant 2004 dollars7 Males 1990........................................... $44,418 1991........................................... 43,845 1992........................................... 43,162 1993........................................... 42,302 1994........................................... 42,624 1995........................................... 42,826 1996........................................... 42,887 1997........................................... 43,168 1998........................................... 43,929 1999........................................... 45,732 2000........................................... 45,041 2001........................................... 44,390 2002........................................... 43,211 2003........................................... 43,056 2004........................................... 42,085 Females 1990........................................... 30,889 1991........................................... 30,572 See notes at end of table.

(—) $25,139 (—) 24,442 (162) 23,285 (162) 22,044 (314) 22,347 (341) 22,750 (181) 21,625 (175) 22,704 (337) 22,459 (163) 23,163 (171) 22,805 (111) 22,784 (105) 21,966 (92) 21,782 (89) 21,659 (—) (—)

17,706 16,735

(—) $30,210 (—) 29,683 (—) 28,643 (—) 28,436 (577) 28,103 (676) 27,498 (715) 27,350 (740) 29,101 (695) 27,765 (503) 28,386 (412) 27,529 (251) 27,955 (224) 27,199 (233) 27,173 (191) 26,277 (—) (—)

20,854 20,048

(—) $38,521 (—) 37,141 (—) 36,730 (—) 35,780 (407) 35,737 (424) 36,578 (498) 36,972 (548) 36,738 (634) 36,479 (607) 37,626 (478) 37,630 (268) 37,037 (217) 34,867 (287) 36,355 (234) 35,725 (—) (—)

26,476 26,124

(—) $45,865 (—) 43,914 (236) 43,223 (267) 41,933 (410) 41,144 (444) 41,998 (222) 41,952 (201) 42,305 (196) 42,803 (440) 44,471 (501) 44,249 (319) 43,780 (327) 42,895 (172) 42,449 (148) 41,895 (—) (—)

32,125 30,711

(—) — (—) $46,902 (—) 45,014 (—) 44,042 (382) 45,624 (641) 43,632 (549) 44,704 (345) 44,750 (337) 46,673 (659) 47,211 (342) 46,021 (228) 45,626 (205) 45,000 (187) 44,013 (175) 44,404 (—) (—)

— 34,673

(†) $61,672 (—) 62,603 (—) 61,668 (—) 62,409 (548) 62,747 (663) 62,571 (524) 61,926 (911) 62,908 (625) 65,505 (520) 68,259 (505) 67,868 (598) 66,369 (707) 64,787 (738) 63,728 (931) 62,797 (†) (—)

43,904 43,425

(—) $56,710 (—) 56,734 (—) 55,680 (—) 55,895 (901) 55,654 (387) 56,107 (365) 55,196 (889) 57,218 (488) 59,573 (498) 60,077 (332) 61,797 (298) 59,655 (211) 58,882 (192) 58,007 (798) 57,220 (—) (—)

40,493 40,331

(—) — (—) $68,978 (409) 67,284 (701) 67,804 (807) 68,193 (632) 68,440 (551) 72,849 (1,002) 72,606 (404) 72,134 (819) 75,110 (629) 74,948 (357) 75,623 (404) 70,647 (375) 72,521 (393) 71,530 (—) (—)

— 48,472

(†) (—)

— 64,828

(†) (—)

— 60,058

(†) (—)

624 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education Recent High School and College Graduates

Table 378. Median annual income of year-round, full-time workers 25 years old and over, by highest level of educational attainment and sex: 1990 through 2004

Table 378. Median annual income of year-round, full-time workers 25 years old and over, by highest level of educational attainment and sex: 1990 through 2004—Continued Elementary/secondary

Sex and year

Total

1

Less than 9th Some high school, grade no completion1

2

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

1992........................................... 1993........................................... 1994........................................... 1995........................................... 1996........................................... 1997........................................... 1998........................................... 1999........................................... 2000........................................... 2001........................................... 2002........................................... 2003........................................... 2004...........................................

31,154 30,889 31,100 30,833 31,072 31,747 32,398 32,705 33,268 33,445 32,561 32,406 31,990

(214) (217) (210) (198) (158) (158) (231) (245) (151) (97) (87) (87) (80)

3 17,447 16,230 15,844 16,829 17,354 16,667 16,766 17,119 17,330 17,803 17,336 17,357 17,023

(—) (—) (544) (607) (673) (579) (497) (558) (359) (272) (312) (263) (241)

College

4 19,602 20,114 19,289 19,615 20,411 19,651 19,101 19,293 19,657 20,432 20,273 19,442 19,162

(—) (—) (418) (363) (401) (394) (373) (338) (476) (383) (378) (336) (319)

Bachelor’s or higher degree5

High school completion (includes equivalency)2

Some college, no degree3

5 26,157 26,097 25,968 25,364 25,494 25,972 26,400 26,148 27,392 26,989 26,442 26,768 26,029

(237) (226) (201) (201) (172) (174) (294) (316) (259) (141) (127) (121) (116)

Associate’s degree4

6 31,179 30,140 29,972 29,744 30,300 30,995 31,777 31,472 31,480 32,445 30,871 30,945 30,816

(—) (—) (417) (340) (321) (342) (314) (418) (399) (198) (314) (181) (135)

Total Bachelor’s degree6

7 34,500 33,836 33,064 33,852 33,811 33,910 34,679 35,058 34,084 34,295 33,207 33,112 33,481

(—) (—) (376) (531) (633) (777) (595) (361) (337) (246) (222) (247) (489)

8 43,494 44,848 45,094 43,704 43,897 44,769 46,108 47,335 46,848 47,759 45,408 46,317 45,911

Master’s degree4

9

Professional degree4

10

Doctor’s degree4

11

12

(—) (—) (357) (388) (356) (566) (473) (312) (482) (391) (596) (299) (229)

40,831 40,783 40,458 39,727 40,362 41,639 42,368 43,078 44,334 43,725 42,897 42,428 41,681

(396) (405) (400) (338) (526) (347) (353) (696) (312) (246) (182) (209) (172)

48,520 50,476 50,293 49,906 50,447 52,903 52,478 54,535 55,001 54,045 51,336 51,499 51,316

(—) (—) (772) (689) (679) (985) (881) (977) (806) (350) (625) (466) (263)

62,280 65,639 64,515 61,975 69,377 71,854 66,712 67,922 64,675 65,862 59,870 68,262 75,036

(—) (—) (2,746) (3,138) (4,376) (5,575) (1,976) (5,079) (3,896) (4,241) (2,542) (3,561) (2,436)

61,652 61,766 65,158 59,671 67,743 62,423 66,980 68,121 62,617 66,262 69,003 69,004 68,875

(—) (—) (3,681) (2,941) (3,973) (4,268) (2,180) (3,549) (3,290) (2,376) (2,381) (2,528) (2,450)

Number of persons with income (in thousands) 44,406 44,199 44,752 45,873 47,566 48,500 49,764 50,807 52,381 53,062 54,065 54,013 54,108 54,253 55,469

(268.6) (268.3) (269.1) (270.6) (272.8) (324.3) (339.9) (342.6) (346.6) (348.2) (350.7) (350.5) (225.0) (225.2) (227.0)

2,250 1,807 1,815 1,790 1,895 1,946 2,041 1,914 1,870 1,993 1,968 2,207 2,154 2,209 2,427

(73.9) (66.3) (66.5) (66.0) (67.9) (71.6) (76.2) (73.8) (73.0) (75.3) (74.9) (79.2) (50.7) (51.4) (53.8)

3,315 3,083 3,009 3,083 3,057 3,335 3,441 3,548 3,613 3,295 3,354 3,503 3,680 3,369 3,468

(89.3) (86.2) (85.2) (86.2) (85.8) (93.5) (98.7) (100.2) (101.1) (96.6) (97.5) (99.6) (66.1) (63.3) (64.2)

16,394 15,025 14,722 14,604 15,109 15,331 15,840 16,225 16,442 16,589 16,834 16,314 16,005 16,285 17,067

(188.0) (181.1) (179.5) (178.9) (181.5) (195.8) (206.6) (208.9) (210.2) (211.1) (212.6) (209.5) (134.2) (135.3) (138.3)

9,113 8,034 8,067 8,493 8,783 8,908 9,173 9,170 9,375 9,684 9,792 9,494 9,603 9,340 9,257

(144.6) (136.4) (136.6) (140.0) (142.2) (151.1) (159.3) (159.3) (161.0) (163.6) (164.4) (162.0) (105.5) (104.1) (103.6)

— 2,899 3,203 3,557 3,735 3,926 3,931 4,086 4,347 4,359 4,729 4,714 4,399 4,696 4,913

(†) (83.6) (87.8) (92.4) (94.6) (101.3) (105.4) (107.4) (110.7) (110.9) (115.4) (115.2) (72.2) (74.5) (76.2)

13,334 13,350 13,937 14,346 14,987 15,054 15,339 15,864 16,733 17,142 17,387 17,780 18,267 18,354 18,338

(171.8) (171.9) (175.2) (177.5) (180.9) (194.1) (203.5) (206.7) (212.0) (214.4) (215.8) (218.0) (142.7) (143.0) (142.9)

7,569 8,456 8,719 9,178 9,636 9,597 9,898 10,349 11,058 11,142 11,395 11,479 11,829 11,846 11,701

(132.6) (139.7) (141.7) (145.1) (148.4) (156.7) (165.3) (168.9) (174.3) (174.9) (176.8) (177.4) (116.5) (116.6) (115.9)

— 3,073 3,178 3,131 3,225 3,395 3,272 3,228 3,414 3,725 3,680 3,961 4,065 4,124 4,243

(†) (86.1) (87.5) (86.8) (88.1) (94.3) (96.3) (95.6) (98.3) (102.6) (102.0) (105.8) (69.4) (69.9) (70.9)

— 1,147 1,295 1,231 1,258 1,208 1,277 1,321 1,264 1,267 1,274 1,298 1,308 1,348 1,305

(†) (53.0) (56.3) (54.9) (55.4) (56.5) (60.4) (61.4) (60.1) (60.1) (60.3) (60.9) (39.6) (40.2) (39.6)

— 674 745 808 868 853 893 966 998 1,008 1,038 1,041 1,065 1,037 1,088

(†) (40.7) (42.8) (44.5) (46.1) (47.5) (50.5) (52.5) (53.4) (53.7) (54.5) (54.5) (35.8) (35.3) (36.1)

28,636 29,474 30,346 30,683 31,379 32,673 33,549 34,624 35,628 37,091 37,762 38,228 38,510 38,681 39,072

(234.7) (237.1) (239.6) (240.5) (242.4) (275.7) (289.6) (293.5) (297.1) (302.1) (304.4) (305.9) (197.6) (197.9) (198.7)

847 733 734 765 696 774 750 791 814 886 930 927 858 882 917

(45.6) (42.4) (42.4) (43.3) (41.3) (45.2) (46.3) (47.6) (48.3) (50.3) (51.6) (51.5) (32.1) (32.6) (33.2)

1,861 1,819 1,659 1,576 1,675 1,763 1,751 1,765 1,878 1,883 1,950 1,869 1,841 1,739 1,797

(67.3) (66.5) (63.6) (62.0) (63.9) (68.2) (70.6) (70.9) (73.1) (73.2) (74.5) (73.0) (46.9) (45.6) (46.4)

11,810 10,959 11,039 10,513 10,785 11,064 11,363 11,475 11,613 11,824 11,789 11,690 11,687 11,587 11,392

(162.8) (157.4) (157.9) (154.4) (156.2) (167.7) (176.6) (177.4) (178.4) (180.0) (179.7) (179.0) (115.8) (115.3) (114.4)

6,462 5,633 5,904 6,279 6,256 6,329 6,582 6,628 7,070 7,453 7,391 7,283 7,354 7,341 7,330

(123.1) (115.3) (117.9) (121.4) (121.2) (128.0) (135.7) (136.1) (140.5) (144.1) (143.5) (142.5) (92.7) (92.6) (92.6)

— 2,523 2,655 3,067 3,210 3,336 3,468 3,538 3,527 3,804 4,118 4,190 4,285 4,397 4,505

(†) (78.1) (80.1) (86.0) (87.9) (93.5) (99.1) (100.1) (99.9) (103.7) (107.8) (108.8) (71.2) (72.2) (73.0)

7,655 7,807 8,355 8,483 8,756 9,406 9,636 10,427 10,725 11,242 11,584 12,269 12,484 12,735 13,131

(133.3) (134.6) (138.9) (139.9) (142.0) (155.1) (163.2) (169.5) (171.8) (175.7) (178.2) (183.2) (119.5) (120.6) (122.4)

4,704 5,263 5,604 5,735 5,901 6,434 6,689 7,173 7,288 7,607 7,899 8,257 8,229 8,330 8,664

(105.8) (111.6) (115.0) (116.3) (117.9) (129.1) (136.7) (141.5) (142.6) (145.6) (148.2) (151.5) (97.9) (98.5) (100.4)

— 2,025 2,192 2,166 2,174 2,268 2,213 2,448 2,639 2,818 2,823 3,089 3,281 3,376 3,451

(†) (70.1) (72.9) (72.5) (72.6) (77.2) (79.3) (83.4) (86.6) (89.4) (89.5) (93.6) (62.5) (63.4) (64.0)

— 312 334 323 398 421 413 488 468 470 509 531 572 567 564

(†) (27.7) (28.7) (28.2) (31.3) (33.4) (34.4) (37.4) (36.6) (36.7) (38.2) (39.0) (26.2) (26.1) (26.0)

— 206 225 260 283 283 322 318 329 346 353 392 402 462 452

(†) (22.5) (23.5) (25.3) (26.4) (27.4) (30.4) (30.2) (30.7) (31.5) (31.8) (33.5) (22.0) (23.6) (23.3)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Includes 1 to 3 years of high school for 1990. 2Includes 4 years of high school for 1990. 3Includes 1 to 3 years of college and associate’s degrees for 1990. 4Not reported separately for 1990. 5Includes 4 or more years of college for 1990. 6Includes 4 years of college for 1990. 7Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.

NOTE: Data for 1992 and later years are based on 1990 census counts; prior years are based on 1980 counts. Total standard errors for bachelor’s or higher degrees are not available for 1992 and 1993 from the source document. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, Series P-60, Money Income of Households, Families, and Persons in the United States, Income, Poverty, and Valuation of Noncash Benefits, selected years, 1990 through 1994; Series P-60, Money Income in the United States, selected years, 1995 through 2002; and Detailed Income Tabulations from the CPS, 2003 through 2005. Retrieved May 17, 2005, from http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/income/dinctabs.html. (This table was prepared October 2005.)

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 625 Recent High School and College Graduates

Males 1990........................................... 1991........................................... 1992........................................... 1993........................................... 1994........................................... 1995........................................... 1996........................................... 1997........................................... 1998........................................... 1999........................................... 2000........................................... 2001........................................... 2002........................................... 2003........................................... 2004........................................... Females 1990........................................... 1991........................................... 1992........................................... 1993........................................... 1994........................................... 1995........................................... 1996........................................... 1997........................................... 1998........................................... 1999........................................... 2000........................................... 2001........................................... 2002........................................... 2003........................................... 2004...........................................

College

Sex and income 1

Total

Less than 9th grade

Some high school (no completion)

High school completion (includes equivalency)

2

3

4

5

Bachelor’s or higher degree Some college, no degree

Associate’s degree

6

7

Total

Bachelor’s degree

Master’s degree

Professional degree

Doctor’s degree

8

9

10

11

12

Males and females, 25 years old and over (in thousands)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total ...................................

189,362

(146.2)

11,938

(118.6)

16,104

(136.2)

60,917

(232.0)

31,798

(183.4)

16,303

(137.0)

52,302

(221.2)

34,219

(189.0)

12,816

(122.6)

2,925

(60.0)

2,343

(53.8)

With income ................ Percentage distribution of males and females with income Total annual income ............... $1 to $4,999 or loss............ $5,000 to $9,999 ................ $10,000 to $14,999 ............ $15,000 to $19,999 ............ $20,000 to $24,999 ............ $25,000 to $29,999 ............ $30,000 to $34,999 ............ $35,000 to $39,999 ............ $40,000 to $49,999 ............ $50,000 to $74,999 ............ $75,000 to $99,999 ............ $100,000 or more...............

129,853

(247.0)

4,873

(77.1)

8,074

(98.5)

39,217

(199.4)

23,087

(160.1)

12,848

(122.7)

41,753

(204.2)

27,127

(171.7)

10,307

(110.6)

2,352

(53.9)

1,967

(49.3)

100.0 6.6 5.8 7.7 8.3 9.4 8.3 8.6 7.0 11.3 15.3 5.6 6.0

(†) (0.30) (0.30) (0.30) (0.30) (0.30) (0.30) (0.30) (0.30) (0.29) (0.29) (0.30) (0.30)

100.0 9.3 11.6 18.8 18.4 15.7 8.4 5.8 4.1 4.1 2.9 0.4 0.4

(†) (1.52) (1.50) (1.44) (1.45) (1.47) (1.53) (1.55) (1.57) (1.57) (1.58) (1.60) (1.60)

100.0 10.9 11.1 15.3 15.1 13.8 9.5 6.8 4.9 5.4 5.7 0.8 0.7

(†) (1.17) (1.17) (1.14) (1.15) (1.15) (1.18) (1.20) (1.21) (1.21) (1.21) (1.24) (1.24)

100.0 7.2 6.9 9.7 10.9 12.0 10.4 10.0 7.5 10.7 10.6 2.4 1.6

(†) (0.54) (0.54) (0.54) (0.53) (0.53) (0.53) (0.54) (0.54) (0.53) (0.53) (0.56) (0.56)

100.0 7.4 5.9 7.0 8.4 10.2 9.2 10.0 7.6 12.4 14.7 4.3 2.9

(†) (0.71) (0.71) (0.71) (0.70) (0.70) (0.70) (0.70) (0.71) (0.69) (0.68) (0.72) (0.72)

100.0 5.4 4.8 6.4 7.5 9.4 9.5 10.3 8.1 13.0 18.3 4.7 2.7

(†) (0.96) (0.96) (0.95) (0.95) (0.94) (0.94) (0.93) (0.95) (0.92) (0.89) (0.96) (0.97)

100.0 4.9 3.4 3.8 3.6 4.9 5.1 6.8 6.7 12.7 22.6 11.1 14.4

(†) (0.53) (0.54) (0.54) (0.54) (0.53) (0.53) (0.53) (0.53) (0.51) (0.48) (0.52) (0.51)

100.0 5.4 3.7 4.3 4.2 5.9 6.2 7.8 7.5 13.2 21.7 9.6 10.4

(†) (0.66) (0.67) (0.66) (0.66) (0.66) (0.66) (0.65) (0.65) (0.63) (0.60) (0.65) (0.64)

100.0 4.1 3.5 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.5 5.6 5.7 13.3 26.3 13.2 15.3

(†) (1.08) (1.08) (1.08) (1.08) (1.08) (1.08) (1.07) (1.07) (1.02) (0.95) (1.03) (1.01)

100.0 3.1 1.7 2.1 1.8 3.1 2.6 2.8 3.3 8.7 14.9 13.2 42.7

(†) (2.27) (2.29) (2.28) (2.28) (2.27) (2.27) (2.27) (2.27) (2.20) (2.13) (2.15) (1.74)

100.0 3.4 1.5 2.6 1.6 1.7 2.4 3.5 4.0 8.4 23.7 17.1 30.4

(†) (2.48) (2.50) (2.49) (2.50) (2.50) (2.49) (2.48) (2.47) (2.41) (2.20) (2.29) (2.10)

Median income.......................

$31,455

(141) $51,733

(197)

$81,319

(977) $71,196

(866)

(86.2) (78.9)

1,894 1,566

(48.4) (44.1)

1,584 1,331

(44.3) (40.6)

(†) 100.0 (2.79) 3.1 (2.82) 1.1 (2.80) 2.3 (2.80) 1.6 (2.79) 1.5 (2.79) 1.7 (2.80) 3.0 (2.79) 3.5 (2.72) 6.1 (2.63) 22.6 (2.64) 17.3 (1.97) 36.6 (†) $77,187

(†) (3.02) (3.05) (3.03) (3.04) (3.04) (3.04) (3.02) (3.01) (2.97) (2.69) (2.79) (2.44) (1,997)

(59) $17,017

(158) $18,874

(285) $26,104

(84.7) (63.2)

(96.8) (77.1)

(96) $30,610

(119) $32,383

(205) $47,317

(181) $42,087

Males, 25 years old and over (in thousands) Total ................................... With income ................

90,896 69,324

(252.9) (240.3)

5,912 3,250

7,789 4,872

29,173 21,572

(177.0) (155.4)

14,869 11,669

(131.3) (117.3)

6,925 5,875

(91.4) (84.4)

26,228 22,087

(169.2) (157.0)

16,628 14,082

(138.2) (128.1)

6,123 5,107

Percentage distribution of males with income Total annual income ............... $1 to $4,999 or loss............ $5,000 to $9,999 ................ $10,000 to $14,999 ............ $15,000 to $19,999 ............ $20,000 to $24,999 ............ $25,000 to $29,999 ............ $30,000 to $34,999 ............ $35,000 to $39,999 ............ $40,000 to $49,999 ............ $50,000 to $74,999 ............ $75,000 to $99,999 ............ $100,000 or more............... Median income....................... See notes at end of table.

100.0 4.5 3.8 5.7 7.0 8.2 7.3 8.2 7.2 12.5 18.9 7.6 9.1 $37,669

(†) 100.0 (0.41) 6.3 (0.42) 7.8 (0.41) 16.7 (0.41) 18.7 (0.41) 17.9 (0.41) 9.5 (0.41) 6.7 (0.41) 5.6 (0.40) 5.8 (0.38) 3.8 (0.41) 0.5 (0.40) 0.6 (234) $20,100

(†) 100.0 (1.90) 7.1 (1.88) 8.0 (1.79) 11.8 (1.77) 14.0 (1.78) 14.6 (1.86) 11.5 (1.89) 8.1 (1.90) 6.9 (1.90) 7.9 (1.92) 8.1 (1.96) 1.1 (1.95) 1.0 (247) $22,255

(†) 100.0 (1.54) 5.3 (1.54) 4.4 (1.50) 6.4 (1.49) 8.9 (1.48) 10.2 (1.51) 9.4 (1.53) 10.8 (1.55) 8.7 (1.54) 14.1 (1.54) 15.8 (1.59) 3.6 (1.59) 2.4 (197) $31,624

(†) 100.0 (0.74) 4.4 (0.74) 3.6 (0.74) 4.8 (0.73) 6.4 (0.72) 8.0 (0.72) 7.7 (0.72) 8.9 (0.73) 8.0 (0.71) 15.1 (0.70) 21.5 (0.75) 6.6 (0.75) 5.1 (114) $38,186

(†) 100.0 (1.01) 3.0 (1.02) 2.8 (1.01) 3.6 (1.00) 5.1 (0.99) 7.4 (0.99) 7.8 (0.99) 9.6 (0.99) 8.2 (0.95) 15.3 (0.92) 24.6 (1.00) 7.9 (1.01) 4.7 (519) $40,879

(†) 100.0 (1.44) 3.3 (1.44) 2.1 (1.43) 3.0 (1.42) 2.6 (1.40) 3.7 (1.40) 3.7 (1.39) 5.3 (1.40) 5.4 (1.34) 10.9 (1.27) 23.6 (1.40) 14.4 (1.42) 22.0 (262) $58,382

(†) 100.0 (0.74) 3.5 (0.74) 2.2 (0.74) 3.2 (0.74) 2.9 (0.74) 4.5 (0.74) 4.5 (0.73) 6.6 (0.73) 6.4 (0.71) 12.0 (0.66) 24.6 (0.70) 13.2 (0.66) 16.4 (900) $51,876

(†) 100.0 (0.93) 2.8 (0.93) 2.3 (0.93) 2.8 (0.93) 2.6 (0.92) 2.7 (0.92) 2.4 (0.91) 3.4 (0.91) 4.0 (0.88) 10.2 (0.82) 24.3 (0.88) 17.6 (0.86) 24.9 (210) $65,452

(†) 100.0 (1.54) 2.7 (1.55) 0.6 (1.54) 1.7 (1.54) 1.8 (1.54) 2.1 (1.54) 2.1 (1.54) 2.0 (1.53) 2.3 (1.48) 7.0 (1.36) 13.5 (1.42) 12.9 (1.36) 51.3 (1,169) $100,000

626 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education Recent High School and College Graduates

Table 379. Distribution of income and median income of persons 25 years old and over, by highest level of educational attainment and sex: 2004

Table 379. Distribution of income and median income of persons 25 years old and over, by highest level of educational attainment and sex: 2004—Continued College

Sex and income 1

Total

Less than 9th grade

Some high school (no completion)

High school completion (includes equivalency)

2

3

4

5

Bachelor’s or higher degree Some college, no degree

Associate’s degree

6

7

Total

Bachelor’s degree

Master’s degree

Professional degree

Doctor’s degree

8

9

10

11

12

Females, 25 years old and over (in thousands)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total ...................................

98,465

(254.6)

6,026

(85.5)

8,314

(99.8)

31,743

(183.3)

16,929

(139.4)

9,379

(105.8)

26,074

(168.8)

17,591

(141.8)

6,693

(89.9)

1,031

(35.8)

759

(30.7)

With income ................ Percentage distribution of females with income Total annual income ...............

60,528

(231.6)

1,624

(44.9)

3,202

(62.8)

17,646

(142.0)

11,418

(116.1)

6,973

(91.7)

19,666

(149.1)

13,045

(123.6)

5,200

(79.6)

786

(31.3)

635

(28.1)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

100.0

(†)

$1 to $4,999 or loss............ $5,000 to $9,999 ................

9.1 8.2

(0.43) (0.44)

15.3 19.4

(2.55) (2.49)

16.8 15.7

(1.80) (1.81)

9.6 10.0

(0.80) (0.80)

10.4 8.3

(0.99) (1.00)

7.4 6.5

(1.29) (1.29)

6.6 5.0

(0.77) (0.78)

7.4 5.4

(0.94) (0.95)

5.4 4.6

(1.51) (1.51)

3.8 3.7

(3.91) (3.91)

3.9 2.4

(4.35) (4.38)

$10,000 to $14,999 ............ $15,000 to $19,999 ............

10.0 9.8

(0.43) (0.43)

23.0 17.7

(2.43) (2.52)

20.7 16.9

(1.76) (1.80)

13.8 13.2

(0.78) (0.78)

9.2 10.5

(1.00) (0.99)

8.7 9.5

(1.28) (1.27)

4.8 4.7

(0.78) (0.78)

5.5 5.6

(0.95) (0.95)

3.4 3.4

(1.52) (1.52)

3.1 1.9

(3.92) (3.95)

3.3 1.6

(4.36) (4.40)

$20,000 to $24,999 ............ $25,000 to $29,999 ............

10.8 9.4

(0.43)

11.2 6.0

(2.61)

14.4

(0.78)

12.4

(0.98)

11.1

(0.94)

4.2

(1.52)

5.0

(3.89)

11.7

(0.79)

10.8

(0.99)

11.0

6.3 6.7

7.4

(1.91)

(1.26) (1.26)

(0.77)

(2.69)

12.6 6.4

(1.85)

(0.43)

(0.77)

7.9

(0.94)

4.5

(1.51)

3.6

(3.91)

2.2 3.9

(4.39) (4.35)

$30,000 to $34,999 ............ $35,000 to $39,999 ............

9.1 6.8

(0.43) (0.44)

3.8 1.0

(2.72) (2.76)

4.6 1.9

(1.93) (1.96)

9.0 6.1

(0.80) (0.82)

11.1 7.1

(0.99) (1.01)

10.9 8.0

(1.26) (1.28)

8.5 8.1

(0.76) (0.76)

9.2 8.7

(0.93) (0.93)

7.7 7.3

(1.49) (1.49)

4.3 5.3

(3.90) (3.88)

4.4 5.2

(4.34) (4.32)

$40,000 to $49,999 ............

9.9

(0.43)

0.9

(2.76)

1.7

(1.96)

6.5

(0.81)

9.6

(0.99)

11.0

(1.26)

14.8

(0.74)

14.5

(0.90)

16.3

(1.42)

12.1

(3.74)

13.4

(4.13)

$50,000 to $74,999 ............

11.3

(0.43)

1.2

(2.76)

2.0

(1.96)

4.2

(0.82)

7.8

(1.00)

13.0

(1.25)

21.4

(0.71)

18.6

(0.88)

28.2

(1.31)

17.8

(3.61)

26.0

(3.82)

$75,000 to $99,999 ............ $100,000 or more...............

3.3 2.3

(0.45) (0.45)

0.2 0.1

(2.77) (2.77)

0.3 0.2

(1.97) (1.97)

0.9 0.6

(0.84) (0.84)

1.9 0.8

(1.04) (1.04)

2.0 1.0

(1.32) (1.33)

7.3 5.8

(0.77) (0.77)

5.8 4.0

(0.95) (0.96)

8.9 6.0

(1.48) (1.50)

13.7 25.6

(3.70) (3.44)

16.7 17.3

(4.05) (4.03)

Median income.......................

$25,809

(201) $45,149

(563)

$57,315

(4,191) $56,795

(2,750)

(88) $12,541

(342) $13,951

(318) $20,928

(113) $24,586

†Not applicable. NOTE: Includes money income from all sources, including earnings, pensions, social security, investments, and public assistance. Excludes noncash benefits. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

(271) $27,396

(291) $39,330

(388) $35,663

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, March 2004. Retrieved October 21, 2005, from http://pubdb3.census.gov/macro/032005/perinc/toc.htm. (This table was prepared October 2005.)

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 627 Recent High School and College Graduates

628 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education Recent High School and College Graduates

Table 380. Percentage of 1988 8th-graders who volunteered in various capacities in a 12-month period ending in 2000, by selected young adult characteristics: 2000 Percent participating in voluntary or community service activity Volunteered in a Volunteered in a youth organization civic or community organization

Young adult characteristic 1

2

Participated in a political campaign

3

4

Total............................................................................................................................................

19.0

(0.67)

21.5

(0.99)

3.9

(0.43)

Sex Male ................................................................................................................................................ Female ............................................................................................................................................

17.4 20.7

(0.95) (0.93)

20.2 22.9

(1.68) (1.09)

3.8 4.0

(0.45) (0.71)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic........................................................................................................................ Black, non-Hispanic ........................................................................................................................ Hispanic .......................................................................................................................................... Asian/Pacific Islander...................................................................................................................... American Indian/Alaska Native.......................................................................................................

18.8 19.5 20.4 19.4 20.5

(0.70) (2.72) (2.48) (2.73) (5.89)

21.2 25.9 19.0 19.7 18.1

(0.73) (6.09) (3.02) (2.62) (7.85)

3.7 2.4 6.7 3.5 2.9

(0.38) (0.90) (2.68) (1.09) (1.43)

8th-grade socioeconomic status Lowest quartile................................................................................................................................ Middle two quartiles........................................................................................................................ Highest quartile...............................................................................................................................

14.5 18.8 23.6

(1.19) (1.00) (1.29)

12.7 22.4 27.8

(1.04) (1.76) (1.21)

2.4 4.0 5.0

(0.42) (0.79) (0.52)

Mathematics achievement in 8th grade Low ................................................................................................................................................. Middle two quartiles........................................................................................................................ High ................................................................................................................................................

16.1 18.8 23.3

(1.58) (0.89) (1.26)

21.0 18.5 28.0

(3.66) (0.84) (1.24)

2.4 3.5 4.2

(0.42) (0.44) (0.55)

Method of high school completion by 2000 High school diploma ....................................................................................................................... GED certificate ............................................................................................................................... Certificate of attendance................................................................................................................. No diploma or equivalent ................................................................................................................

20.6 14.9 — 7.9

(0.75) (2.27) (†) (1.47)

23.7 12.3 — 9.5

(1.11) (1.76) (†) (1.80)

4.1 4.1 — 1.8

(0.49) (1.39) (†) (0.88)

Postsecondary attainment by 2000 None ............................................................................................................................................... Less than bachelor’s degree........................................................................................................... Bachelor’s degree ........................................................................................................................... Master’s or higher degree ...............................................................................................................

12.4 18.7 24.6 27.2

(1.29) (1.07) (1.11) (3.48)

12.0 21.3 29.3 32.2

(1.26) (1.87) (1.16) (3.69)

2.3 4.1 5.1 3.5

(0.62) (0.77) (0.68) (1.02)

—Not available. †Not applicable. NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Coming of Age in the 1990's: The Eighth-Grade Class of 1988 12 Years Later, The National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88/2000), “Fourth Follow-up, 2000.” (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 381. Literacy skills of adults, 16 years old and over, by type of literacy, proficiency levels, and selected characteristics: 1992 Prose literacy1

Selected characteristic

Percent of adults with proficiency at level

Quantitative literacy3

Percent of adults with proficiency at level

Percent of adults with proficiency at level

1

2

3

4

5

Average score

1

2

3

4

5

Average score

1

2

3

4

5

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

273 (0.6)

20 (0.4)

27 (0.6)

32 (0.7)

17 (0.4)

3 (0.2) 267

(0.7)

23 (0.4)

28 (0.5)

31 (0.5)

15 (0.4)

3 (0.2) 271

(0.7)

22 (0.5)

25 (0.6)

31 (0.6)

17 (0.3)

4

(0.2)

272 (0.9) 273 (0.8)

22 (0.6) 20 (0.5)

26 (0.9) 28 (0.7)

31 (1.2) 33 (0.7)

18 (0.5) 17 (0.5)

4 (0.3) 269 3 (0.2) 265

(0.9) (0.9)

23 (0.6) 23 (0.6)

27 (0.5) 30 (0.7)

31 (0.8) 31 (0.6)

17 (0.5) 14 (0.5)

3 (0.2) 277 2 (0.2) 266

(0.9) (0.9)

21 (0.7) 23 (0.5)

23 (0.5) 28 (0.9)

31 (0.6) 31 (1.0)

20 (0.4) 15 (0.6)

5 3

(0.3) (0.3)

271 280 284 286 260 230

(1.8) (1.3) (0.9) (1.4) (1.9) (2.1)

16 14 15 15 26 44

(1.3) (1.1) (0.5) (0.7) (1.5) (1.6)

35 29 24 23 31 32

(1.9) (1.7) (0.7) (1.0) (1.3) (1.8)

38 37 34 34 30 19

(2.4) (1.3) (0.5) (1.4) (1.5) (1.3)

11 18 22 22 12 5

(1.7) (1.3) (0.8) (0.9) (1.1) (0.9)

1 2 5 5 1 1

(0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.3) (0.3)

274 280 282 278 249 217

(1.8) (1.3) (1.0) (1.3) (1.9) (2.1)

15 14 18 17 34 53

(1.4) (1.0) (0.6) (0.8) (1.4) (1.5)

34 29 25 27 34 32

(2.2) (1.4) (0.7) (0.9) (1.4) (1.2)

38 37 35 33 26 13

(2.5) (1.5) (0.6) (1.0) (1.3) (1.0)

12 18 21 19 8 2

(1.9) (1.1) (0.8) (1.0) (0.8) (0.5)

1 2 4 3 1 #

(0.5) (0.4) (0.4) (0.5) (0.3) (†)

268 277 283 286 261 227

(1.8) (1.6) (0.9) (1.7) (2.0) (2.5)

20 16 17 16 25 45

(1.7) (1.1) (0.6) (0.9) (1.3) (1.6)

35 28 23 22 30 26

(2.6) (1.4) (0.7) (1.0) (1.9) (1.2)

33 37 33 33 30 20

(1.9) (1.4) (0.6) (1.1) (1.0) (1.2)

12 16 21 23 13 7

(1.5) (1.0) (0.6) (1.1) (1.2) (0.7)

1 2 5 6 2 2

(0.5) (0.5) (0.4) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4)

286 237 242 254 206 211 218 207 260

(0.7) (1.4) (6.7) (4.1)! (3.3) (8.7) (6.1) (5.8) (5.3)

14 38 36 25 54 53 47 56 25

(0.4) (1.1) (4.4) (5.9)! (1.9) (6.7) (5.0) (3.8) (3.2)

25 37 25 39 25 24 32 22 27

(0.6) (1.3) (3.8) (7.1)! (1.6) (7.0) (5.5) (3.4) (5.9)

36 21 25 28 16 17 17 17 33

(0.8) (1.0) (3.1) (7.3)! (1.3) (4.2) (3.6) (3.9) (5.2)

21 4 12 7 5 6 3 4 13

(0.5) (0.5) (1.9) (2.9)! (0.8) (4.7) (1.7) (1.5) (3.4)

4 # 2 1 # 1 # # 2

(0.3) (†) (0.7) (1.5)! (†) (2.1) (†) (†) (1.6)

280 (0.8) 230 (1.2) 245 (5.6) 254 (4.9)! 205 (3.5) 212 (11.3) 215 (6.6) 206 (5.5) 254 (5.3)

16 42 34 27 54 48 49 53 28

(0.5) (1.0) (3.5) (4.1)! (2.1) (8.1) (3.8) (3.9) (3.0)

27 36 25 37 25 30 29 25 26

(0.6) (1.2) (3.6) (5.0!) (1.9) (6.2) (5.1) (3.8) (3.6)

34 18 28 29 16 16 18 16 32

(0.7) (0.9) (3.7) (5.7)! (1.6) (4.3) (2.6) (3.6) (4.4)

19 3 12 7 4 4 3 4 12

(0.5) (0.4) (2.3) (3.3)! (0.8) (3.9) (1.1) (1.5) (4.4)

3 # 2 # # 2 # # 2

(0.2) (†) (0.9) (†) (†) (1.2) (†) (†) (1.8)

287 (0.8) 224 (1.4) 256 (6.7) 250 (5.1)! 205 (3.6) 223 (12.9) 212 (7.2) 203 (5.7) 246 (6.9)

14 46 30 33 54 46 51 53 31

(0.5) (1.0) (3.9) (5.6)! (1.7) (6.4) (3.3) (3.7) (3.0)

24 34 23 32 25 20 28 25 25

(0.6) (1.1) (3.4) (6.1)! (2.0) (6.1) (4.8) (4.1) (4.6)

35 17 27 28 17 25 17 18 31

(0.7) (1.0) (3.0) (5.9)! (2.0) (5.2) (3.2) (2.8) (3.1)

21 3 16 7 4 6 3 4 11

(0.4) (0.4) (2.4) (2.9)! (0.8) (5.6) (1.3) (1.5) (4.7)

5 (0.2) # (†) 4 (1.7) 1 (1.0)! # (†) 3 (2.5) 1 (0.4) # (†) 1 (0.7)

271 176 231 268 270 294 308 322 336

(2.0) (2.7) (1.5) (1.8) (1.1) (1.0) (2.4) (1.6) (1.4)

16 75 42 14 16 8 4 4 2

(1.8) (1.7) (1.4) (1.6) (0.8) (0.5) (1.1) (0.7) (0.4)

36 21 39 40 36 23 19 11 7

(2.2) (1.3) (1.1) (2.5) (1.3) (0.8) (2.3) (1.2) (1.0)

37 4 17 39 37 45 41 35 28

(2.6) (0.9) (1.0) (2.8) (1.7) (0.9) (2.9) (2.0) (1.4)

11 # 2 7 10 22 32 40 47

(1.9) (†) (0.4) (1.2) (0.9) (0.8) (2.5) (1.5) (1.8)

# # # # 1 3 4 10 16

(†) (†) (†) (†) (0.2) (0.3) (0.9) (1.3) (1.1)

274 169 227 264 264 290 299 314 326

(1.9) (2.4) (1.6) (2.2) (1.1) (0.9) (2.6) (1.4) (1.8)

15 79 46 17 20 9 6 4 3

(1.5) (1.7) (1.6) (2.0) (0.8) (0.4) (1.4) (0.5) (0.6)

35 18 37 42 38 27 23 15 10

(2.3) (1.6) (1.6) (2.7) (1.0) (0.8) (2.0) (1.3) (0.9)

38 3 15 34 33 42 43 37 34

(2.6) (0.8) (1.3) (2.3) (1.1) (1.0) (2.6) (1.5) (1.8)

12 # 2 7 9 20 25 36 41

(1.5) (†) (0.4) (1.1) (0.6) (0.8) (2.7) (1.2) (1.9)

1 # # # 1 2 3 8 12

(0.6) (†) (†) (†) (0.2) (0.4) (0.9) (1.2) (1.1)

269 169 227 268 270 295 307 322 334

(2.2) (3.1) (1.7) (2.7) (1.1) (1.4) (2.8) (1.2) (1.3)

19 76 45 16 18 8 4 4 2

(1.7) (2.0) (1.6) (2.0) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8) (0.5) (0.5)

35 18 34 38 33 23 19 12 9

(3.0) (1.8) (1.6) (2.5) (1.1) (1.2) (2.0) (1.0) (0.8)

32 5 17 35 37 42 43 35 30

(2.3) (1.1) (1.3) (2.5) (1.1) (1.4) (2.0) (1.4) (1.4)

12 1 3 10 12 23 29 38 42

(2.0) (0.3) (0.6) (1.4) (0.5) (1.3) (2.7) (1.4) (1.7)

1 # # 1 1 4 5 12 17

(0.9) (†) (†) (0.5) (0.2) (0.4) (1.3) (1.1) (1.4)

270 279 267 276 246

(1.1) (1.1) (1.9) (1.8) (—)

22 16 23 20 31

(0.8) (0.8) (1.1) (1.2) (—)

28 28 28 23 37

(1.5) (1.0) (1.1) (1.5) (—)

31 35 30 33 26

(1.1) (1.2) (0.9) (1.5) (—)

16 18 15 21 6

(0.7) (0.7) (1.1) (1.1) (—)

3 3 3 4 #

(0.3) (0.3) (0.3) (0.5) (—)

264 274 262 271 240

(1.2) (1.3) (1.9) (1.6) (—)

24 19 26 22 33

(0.9) (0.8) (1.2) (1.0) (—)

29 30 29 24 38

(1.1) (1.1) (0.8) (1.3) (—)

30 33 29 32 25

(1.1) (1.3) (1.0) (1.2) (—)

14 16 14 18 4

(1.0) (0.9) (0.7) (1.1) (—)

2 2 2 3 #

(0.3) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (—)

267 280 265 276 236

(1.2) (1.7) (2.0) (1.8) (—)

24 17 25 20 40

(0.8) (1.0) (1.0) (1.0) (—)

25 26 27 22 32

(0.8) (1.5) (1.0) (0.9) (—)

31 34 29 32 22

(0.8) (1.4) (1.1) (1.0) (—)

16 19 15 20 6

(0.6) (0.9) (0.8) (1.0) (—)

4 4 4 5 1

(0.4) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (—)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. !Interpret data with caution. 1 Prose literacy is the ability to understand and use information contained in various kinds of textual material. A level 1 task rated 0 to 225 requires the reader to locate a single piece of information in a short text. A level 2 task rated 226 to 275 requires the reader to locate a single piece of information in the text with several distractors or to make low-level inferences. A level 3 task rated 276 to 325 requires the reader to make literal or synonymous matches between the text and information given in the task, or to make low-level inferences. A level 4 task rated 326 to 375 requires the reader to perform multiple-feature matches and to integrate or synthesize information from complex passages. A level 5 task rated 376 to 500 requires the reader to search for information in dense text which contains a number of distractors. Adults at each performance level can perform the tasks below their level, but not all the tasks at their own level. 2Document literacy reflects the knowledge and skills used to process information from documents. A level 1 task rated 0 to 225 requires the reader to locate pieces of information based on a literal match. A level 2 task rated 226 to 275 requires the reader to match a single piece of information among several distractors. A level 3 task rated 276 to 325 requires the reader to integrate multiple

pieces of information from one or more documents. A level 4 task rated 326 to 375 requires the performance of multiple-feature matches, cycling through documents, and integrating information. A level 5 task rated 376 to 500 requires the reader to search through complex displays that contain multiple distractors, to make high-level text-based inferences. Adults at each performance level can perform the tasks below their level, but not all the tasks at their own level. 3 Quantitative literacy is the ability to perform numerical operations in everyday life. A level 1 task rated 0 to 225 requires the reader to perform a single, relatively simple, arithmetic operation. A level 2 task rated 226 to 275 requires the reader to perform a single operation using numbers that are either stated in the task or easily located in the material. A level 3 task rated 276 to 325 requires the reader to use two or more numbers to solve the problem. A level 4 task rated 326 to 375 requires the reader to perform two or more sequential operations or a single operation in which the quantities are found in different types of displays. A level 5 task rated 376 to 500 requires the reader to perform multiple operations sequentially. They must extract the features of the problem from text or rely on background knowledge to determine the quantities or operations needed. Adults at each performance level can perform the tasks below their level, but not all the tasks at their own level. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Adult Literacy Survey, Adult Literacy in America, 1992. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 629 Recent High School and College Graduates

Average score

1 Total................................................... Sex Male ....................................................... Female ................................................... Age 16 to 18 years old .................................. 19 to 24 years old .................................. 25 to 39 years old .................................. 40 to 54 years old .................................. 55 to 64 years old .................................. 65 years old and older ........................... Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............................... Black, non-Hispanic ............................... Asian/Pacific Islander............................. American Indian/Alaska Native.............. Hispanic, Mexican.................................. Hispanic, Cuban..................................... Hispanic, Puerto Rican .......................... Hispanic, Central/South American ......... Hispanic, other....................................... Highest level of education Still in high school .................................. 0 to 8 years, not enrolled ....................... 9 to 12 years, not enrolled ..................... GED ....................................................... High school diploma .............................. Some college ......................................... Associate’s degree................................. Bachelor’s degree .................................. Graduate studies/degree ....................... Region Northeast ............................................... Midwest.................................................. South ..................................................... West....................................................... Prison population.......................................

Document literacy2

630 CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education Recent High School and College Graduates _

Table 382. Percentage of 18- to 25-year-olds reporting drug use during the past 30 days and during the past year: Selected years, 1982 to 2003 Percent reporting drug use during past 30 days

Percent reporting drug use during past year

Illicit drug use Year

Illicit drug use

Any1

Marijuana

Cocaine

Alcohol

Cigarettes

Any1

Marijuana

Cocaine

Alcohol

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

Cigarettes 11

1982.................................... 1985.................................... 1988.................................... 1990.................................... 1991....................................

— 25.3 17.9 15.0 15.4

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—)

27.2 21.7 15.3 12.7 12.9

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

7.0 8.1 4.8 2.3 2.2

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

66.6 70.1 64.7 62.8 63.1

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

— 47.4 45.6 40.9 41.7

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—)

— 37.4 29.1 26.1 26.6

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—)

37.4 34.0 26.1 23.0 22.9

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

15.9 13.6 10.5 6.5 6.7

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

80.6 84.2 79.6 78.1 80.7

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

— 49.9 50.9 45.1 46.9

(†) (—) (—) (—) (—)

1992................................... 1993.................................... 1994.................................... 1995.................................... 1996....................................

13.1 13.6 13.3 14.2 15.6

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

10.9 11.1 12.1 12.0 13.2

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

2.0 1.6 1.2 1.3 2.0

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

58.6 58.7 63.1 61.3 60.0

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

41.5 37.9 34.6 35.3 38.3

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

24.1 24.2 24.6 25.5 26.8

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

21.2 21.4 21.8 21.8 23.8

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

5.5 4.4 3.6 4.3 4.7

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

75.6 76.9 78.5 76.5 75.3

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

46.8 43.7 41.1 42.5 44.7

(—) (—) (—) (—) (—)

1997................................... 1998.................................... 1999.................................... 2000.................................... 2001....................................

14.7 (—) 16.1 (—) 16.4 (0.40) 15.9 (0.36) 18.8 (0.41)

12.8 (—) 13.8 (—) 14.2 (0.38) 13.6 (0.34) 16.0 (0.39)

1.2 (—) 2.0 (—) 1.7 (0.12) 1.4 (0.11) 1.9 (0.13)

58.4 (—) 60.0 (—) 57.2 (0.54) 56.8 (0.51) 58.8 (0.50)

40.6 (—) 41.6 (—) 39.7 (0.47) 38.3 (0.48) 39.1 (0.47)

25.3 (—) 27.4 (—) 29.1 (0.48) 27.9 (0.46) 31.9 (0.48)

22.3 (—) 24.1 (—) 24.5 (0.46) 23.7 (0.43) 26.7 (0.48)

3.9 (—) 4.7 (—) 5.2 (0.21) 4.4 (0.18) 5.7 (0.23)

75.1 (—) 74.2 (—) 74.8 (0.48) 74.5 (0.46) 75.4 (0.41)

45.9 47.1 47.5 45.8 46.8

(—) (—) (0.52) (0.49) (0.48)

2002................................... 2003....................................

20.2 (0.37) 20.3 (0.40)

17.3 (0.36) 17.0 (0.37)

2.0 (0.12) 2.2 (0.13)

60.5 (0.53) 61.4 (0.50)

40.8 (0.48) 40.2 (0.47)

35.5 (0.46) 34.6 (0.48)

29.8 (0.43) 28.5 (0.46)

6.7 (0.24) 6.6 (0.23)

77.9 (0.41) 78.1 (0.41)

49.0 47.6

(0.50) (0.46)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Includes use of other drugs not shown separately. NOTE: Marijuana includes hashish usage for 1996 and later years. Some estimates from 1982 have been revised and may differ from previously published figures. Data for 1999 through 2001 were gathered using Computer Assisted Interviewing (CAI) and may not be

directly comparable to previous years. Data for 1999 have been revised from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Main Findings, various years. National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2003. (This table was prepared August 2005.)

_

Table 383. Percentage of 1972 high school seniors, 1992 high school seniors, and 2004 high school seniors who felt that certain life values were “very important,” by sex: Selected years, 1972 through 2004 Percent of 1972 seniors 1974 (2 years after high school)

1972 Life value 1

Male Female

Percent of 1992 seniors

1976 (4 years after high school)

Male Female

1994 (2 years after high school)

1992

Male Female

Male Female

Total

Percent of 2004 seniors

Male Female

Total

Male

13

14

Female

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

86.5

83.0

81.2

74.9

80.3

69.7

89.0

89.6

90.1

89.9

90.3

Finding steady work.................................

82.3

73.7

74.7

59.9

79.3

62.1

87.1

88.6

89.7

88.7

90.7

87.3

(0.40)

85.6

(0.55)

89.0

(0.49)

Having lots of money ...............................

26.0

9.8

17.8

9.1

17.7

9.4

45.3

29.4

35.2

39.5

30.9

35.1

(0.58)

42.7

(0.80)

27.6

(0.69)

Being a leader in the community1 ............

14.9

8.0

8.5

4.4

9.2

4.2

—

—

—

—

—

41.7

(0.57)

35.2

(0.77)

48.1

(0.74)

Correcting inequalities .............................

22.5

31.1

16.6

18.2

16.2

17.1

17.0

23.6

—

—

—

19.7

(0.46)

18.1

(0.60)

21.2

(0.67)

Being successful in work .........................

91.3

(0.33)

89.7

(0.49)

15 92.9

(0.40)

Having children........................................

—

—

—

—

—

—

39.0

49.2

—

—

—

49.3

(0.55)

45.4

(0.75)

53.2

(0.78)

Having a happy family life ........................

78.6

85.7

83.1

86.7

84.2

86.4

—

—

—

—

—

81.0

(0.46)

80.1

(0.63)

81.9

(0.64)

Providing better opportunities for my children ..............................................

66.6

66.2

59.5

61.6

59.8

58.8

74.5

76.5

90.5

90.3

90.8

82.5

(0.45)

82.1

(0.64)

82.9

(0.58)

Living closer to parents or relatives .........

6.8

8.2

8.3

12.4

7.7

11.9

15.2

18.7

—

—

—

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

Moving from area.....................................

14.3

14.6

8.3

7.4

6.7

6.4

20.7

20.1

—

—

—

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

(†)

Having strong friendships ........................

81.2

78.7

76.5

74.7

76.1

72.1

79.8

80.0

87.6

88.1

87.0

85.5

(0.41)

84.9

(0.56)

86.1

(0.57)

Having leisure time ..................................

—

—

60.9

55.1

65.4

60.1

65.3

62.0

—

—

—

69.0

(0.55)

70.2

(0.69)

67.8

(0.74)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 In 2004 the question was “Importance of helping others in the community.” NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972, “Base Year” (NLS:72), “Second Fol-

low-up” (NLS:72/74), and “Third Follow-up” (NLS:72/76); The National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988, “Second Follow-up, Student Survey, 1992” (NELS:88/92) and “Third Follow-up, 1994” (NELS:88/94); and Education Longitudinal Study of 2002, “First Followup” (ELS:02/04). (This table was prepared November 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 5: Outcomes of Education 631 Recent High School and College Graduates _

Table 384. Percentage of employed 1988 8th-graders satisfied with various aspects of their job, by educational attainment: 2000 Percentage who were satisfied with Educational attainment

Fringe benefits

Further training

Use of past training

Promotion opportunity

2

3

4

5

1

Job security Work importance 6

7

Pay

Job overall

8

9

Method of high school completion by 2000 High school diploma ..................................... GED certificate ............................................. No diploma or equivalent ..............................

79.2 69.1 48.2

(0.84) (4.47) (6.61)

79.0 74.4 68.9

(0.89) (4.22) (6.38)

80.3 74.9 72.5

(1.24) (4.46) (6.29)

71.5 73.1 62.5

(1.19) (4.35) (6.68)

89.9 90.3 72.8

(0.59) (2.48) (6.21)

83.7 80.4 85.3

(0.78) (4.26) (5.14)

73.0 75.6 65.0

(0.95) (4.13) (6.90)

86.8 83.7 74.0

(0.69) (4.01) (6.44)

Postsecondary attainment by 2000 None ............................................................. Less than bachelor’s degree......................... Bachelor’s degree ......................................... Master’s or higher degree .............................

69.4 74.7 83.0 87.0

(2.80) (1.62) (1.15) (2.19)

71.7 77.0 83.2 89.3

(2.73) (1.36) (1.18) (1.91)

77.1 76.0 84.7 92.8

(2.68) (2.06) (1.02) (1.32)

69.1 68.1 75.8 82.1

(2.65) (1.98) (1.21) (2.31)

85.6 89.3 90.2 92.0

(2.18) (0.93) (0.99) (1.70)

84.0 81.2 85.9 93.1

(2.48) (1.18) (1.00) (1.38)

74.5 71.3 73.0 75.1

(2.45) (1.65) (1.30) (3.64)

83.3 84.0 89.3 94.5

(2.53) (1.19) (0.91) (1.18)

NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Coming of Age in the 1990's: The Eighth-Grade Class of 1988 12 Years Later, National

Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88/2000), “Fourth Follow-up, 2000.” (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 6

International Comparisons of Education This chapter offers a broad perspective on education across the nations of the world. It also provides an international context for examining the condition of education in the United States. Insights into the educational practices and outcomes of the United States are obtained by comparing them with those of other countries. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) carries out a variety of these activities to provide statistical data for international comparisons of education. This chapter presents data drawn from materials prepared by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the Institute of International Education, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). The basic summary data on enrollments, teachers, enrollment ratios, and finances were synthesized from information appearing in Education at a Glance, published by OECD. Even though OECD tabulations are very carefully prepared, international data users should be cautioned about the many problems of definition and reporting involved in the collection of data about the educational systems in the world (see OECD entry in Appendix A. Guide to Sources). This chapter also presents data from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) carried out under the aegis of the IEA, and supported by NCES and the National Science Foundation. This survey was formerly known as the Third International Mathematics and Science Study. TIMSS, conducted every 4 years, is an assessment of fourth- and eighth-graders in mathematics and science. In 1995, TIMSS collected data for fourth and eighth grades. In 1999, TIMSS collected data for eighth grade only. With the 2003 data collection, TIMSS offers the first international trend comparisons in mathematics and science at grades 4 and 8. In 2003, the United States and a number of other countries participated in data collection at two grade levels: 25 nations collected data on fourth-graders, and 45 nations collected data on eighth-graders. For 15 of these nations, including the United States, TIMSS offers comparisons of fourth-grade student achievement between 1995 and 2003. For 34 of these nations, including the United States, TIMSS also offers comparisons of eighth-grade student achievement between 2003 and at least one prior data collection year, either 1995 or 1999. This chapter includes additional information on performance scores of 15-year-olds in the areas of reading, mathe-

matics, and science literacy from the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). PISA also measures general or cross-curricular competencies such as learning strategies. While this study focuses on OECD countries, data from some non-OECD countries are also provided. The role that the United States plays in the world of higher education is illuminated by data on foreign students enrolled in U.S. institutions of higher education. The Institute of International Education provides estimates of the number of foreign students and their countries of origin. Further information on survey methodologies is in the Guide to Sources in appendix A and in the publications cited in the source notes.

Population Among the reporting OECD countries, Iceland had the largest percentage of young people ages 5 to 14 (16 percent in 2002) (table 387). The closest followers were New Zealand (15 percent) and the United States (15 percent). Countries with relatively small numbers of persons in this age group included Greece, Spain, Japan, and Italy (all at 10 percent). In 1999, Turkey had the largest percentage of young people ages 5 to 14 among reporting OECD countries (21 percent).

Enrollments In 1997, about 1.2 billion students were enrolled in schools around the world (table 385). Of these students, 668 million were in elementary-level programs, 398 million were in secondary programs, and 88 million were in higher education programs. Between 1990 and 1997, enrollment changes varied from region to region. Changes in elementary enrollment ranged from increases of 24 percent in Africa, 17 percent in Oceania, 13 percent in Central and South America, 12 percent in Asia, and 8 percent in Northern America (defined in UNESCO tabulations as including the United States, Canada, Greenland, Bermuda, St. Pierre, and Miquelon) to a 5 percent decrease in Europe (figure 26). Over the same period, enrollment increases at the secondary level outpaced increases at the primary (elementary) level, especially in Africa (38 percent), Oceania (68 percent), Asia (31 percent), and Central and South America (31 percent). At the secondary level, enrollment increased by 10 percent in Europe and by 15 percent in Northern America.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

633

634 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

At the postsecondary level, developing areas of the world also had substantial increases in enrollment between 1990 and 1997 (table 385 and figure 26). Postsecondary enrollment rose by 99 percent in Oceania, by 68 percent in Africa, by 49 percent in Asia, by 30 percent in Central and South America, by 15 percent in Europe, and by 3 percent in Northern America (figure 26). These increases are due to both growth in the proportion of the people attending postsecondary institutions and increases in the populations. Postsecondary enrollment varied among countries due partially to differing definitions of postsecondary education and at what age it begins. In 2002, the OECD countries with the highest proportion of 22- to 25-year-olds enrolled in postsecondary education were Finland (39 percent), followed by the Republic of Korea (32 percent), Denmark (29 percent), Sweden (28 percent), Norway (27 percent), and Poland (26 percent) (table 388). The United States’ proportion was 25 percent. In 2003–04, there were about 573,000 foreign students studying at U.S. colleges and universities (table 408). Fiftyseven percent of these students were from Asian countries. Between 1990 and 2003, the proportion of students at U.S. colleges who were nonresident aliens rose from 2.8 to 3.5 percent (table 205).

Achievement In 2003, U.S. fourth-grade students scored 518 in mathematics, on average, exceeding the international average of 495 for the 25 participating countries (table 393). U.S. fourthgraders were outperformed by their peers in 11 countries, including four Asian countries (Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong SAR, Japan, and Singapore) and seven European countries (Flemish Belgium, England, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, and the Russian Federation). On the other hand, U.S. fourth-graders outscored students in 13 countries. In 2003, U.S. eighth-grade students scored 504 in mathematics, on average, exceeding the international average of 466 for the 45 participating countries (table 394). U.S. eighth-graders were outperformed by their peers in nine countries, including five Asian countries (Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong SAR, Japan, Korea, and Singapore) and four European countries (Flemish Belgium, Estonia, Hungary, and the Netherlands). On the other hand, U.S. eighth-graders outscored students in 25 countries. These average scale scores are from the TIMSS assessment, with possible scores ranging from 1 to 1,000. In 2003, U.S. performance in mathematics literacy among 15-year-old students was lower than the average performance for 20 of the other 28 OECD countries for which comparable PISA results were reported (table 391). In problem solving, U.S. performance on PISA was lower than 22 of the other 28 OECD countries. The U.S. average score in reading literacy was not measurably different from the OECD average, and the U.S. average score in science literacy was below the OECD average.

Degrees Ratios of bachelor’s degrees conferred per 100 persons at the typical age of graduation in 2003 ranged from 14 in Mexico and 17 in the Czech Republic to 55 in Australia and 56 in Finland (table 403 and figure 27). The ratio for the United States was 33. In 2003, women had higher bachelor’s degree ratios than men in 18 out of 21 countries reporting data. The percentages of undergraduate degrees awarded in science fields (including natural sciences, mathematics and computer science, and engineering) reported by OECD countries ranged from 11 to 38 percent for 2003 (table 404). Austria, France, Germany, Japan, Korea, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland were 30 percent or higher, while Belgium, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Mexico, New Zealand, Poland, and the United States were 20 percent or less. The proportion of graduate degrees awarded in science fields also ranged widely across countries in 2003 (table 405). Among the countries with the highest proportions were Korea (46 percent), Japan (39 percent), Germany (36 percent), and Spain (36 percent). Among the countries with the lowest proportions were Poland (4 percent), Hungary (7 percent), the Czech Republic (12 percent), Italy (13 percent), and the United States (14 percent).

Finances In 2002, per student expenditures at the elementary level of education were at least $7,500 in five OECD countries (table 406). Specifically, Luxembourg spent approximately $10,600 per student at the elementary level, the United States spent approximately $8,000, Switzerland spent approximately $7,800, Denmark spent approximately $7,700, and Norway spent approximately $7,500. At the secondary level, five countries had expenditures of over $8,800 per student: Luxembourg (approximately $15,200), Switzerland ($11,900), Norway (approximately $10,200), the United States (approximately $9,100), and Austria (approximately $8,900). The following five countries had expenditures of at least $13,700 per student in higher education: Switzerland (approximately $23,700), the United States (approximately $20,500), Sweden (approximately $15,700), Denmark (approximately $15,200), and Norway (approximately $13,700). These expenditures were adjusted to U.S. dollars using the purchasing-power-parity (PPP) index. This index is considered more stable and comparable than indexes using currency exchange rates.

A comparison of public direct expenditures on education as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) in OECD countries shows that national investment in education in 2002 ranged from 3.4 percent in Turkey and 3.5 percent in Japan to 6.8 percent in Iceland and 6.8 percent in Denmark (table 407 and figure 28). Among reporting countries, the average public investment in education in 2002 was 4.9 percent of GDP. In the United States, the public expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP was 5.3 percent. The percentage of expenditures on education in the Russian Federation, a non-OECD country, was 4.0 percent.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 635

Figure 26. Percentage change in enrollment, by selected areas of the world and level of education: 1990 through 1997 Percent change 100

Elementary education

90

Secondary education

99.2

Postsecondary education 80 67.5

70

67.7

60 49.5

50 38.3

40 30

26.4

31.4 30.0

30.9

28.5 24.3

20

15.2 12.0

11.7

9.8

10

16.9

14.7

12.8 8.4

2.6

0 -5.4

-10 World

Africa

Asia

Europe

Central and South America

North America

Oceania

Area of the world SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Statistical Yearbook, 1999.

Figure 27. Bachelor’s degree recipients as a percentage of the population of the typical ages of graduation, by country: 2003 Country 54.8

Australia Austria

19.0

Czech Republic

17.3

Finland

55.8

France

41.5 19.5

Germany

33.6

Hungary Iceland

44.2 36.8

Ireland 27.8

Italy Japan

34.4

Spain

32.0

Sweden

38.4 20.9

Switzerland United States

33.4 0

10

20

30 40 Percent of population

NOTE: Includes graduates of any age. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education Online Database.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

50

60

636 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Figure 28. Public direct expenditures for education as a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP), by country: 2002 Country Australia Belgium, Flemish Denmark Finland France Germany Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Russian Federation Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States

4.4 6.1 6.8 5.9 5.7 4.4 4.6 3.5 4.2 5.1 4.6 5.6 6.7 5.7 4.0 4.3 6.7 5.7 3.4 5.0 5.3

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Percent of GDP NOTE: Includes all government expenditures for education institutions, plus public subsidies to households for living costs which are not spent at educational institutions. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education at a Glance, 2005.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

8

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 637

_

Table 385. Selected population and enrollment statistics, school enrollment, and teachers, by major areas of the world: Selected years, 1980 through 1997 Major areas of the world Selected characteristic 1 1980 Population, all ages,7 in thousands...................... Enrollment, all levels, in thousands...................... First (primary) level8......................................... Second level9 ................................................... Third level10 ..................................................... Teachers, all levels, in thousands ........................ First (primary) level8......................................... Second level9 ................................................... Third level10 ..................................................... Public expenditures on education, in millions of U.S. dollars ............................................ As a percent of gross national product ................ 1990 Population, all ages,7 in thousands...................... Enrollment, all levels, in thousands...................... First (primary) level8......................................... Second level9 ................................................... Third level10 ..................................................... Teachers, all levels, in thousands ........................ First (primary) level8......................................... Second level9 ................................................... Third level10 ..................................................... Public expenditures on education, in millions of U.S. dollars ................................................ As a percent of gross national product...........................................................

Central and South America5 Northern America5

World total1

Africa2

Asia3

Europe4

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

4,447,090 856,971 541,556 264,379 51,037 38,285 19,044 15,398 3,843

475,714 78,036 62,134 14,360 1,542 2,338 1,661 584 94

2,641,312 495,155 336,174 144,755 14,227 19,641 10,874 7,554 1,213

693,075 131,633 52,471 62,734 16,428 8,225 2,541 4,387 1,297

359,307 87,291 65,414 16,969 4,908 3,730 2,260 1,083 387

255,109 60,041 22,611 23,913 13,516 4,079 1,580 1,679 820

22,573 4,815 2,752 1,647 416 272 129 112 31

516,400 4.8

22,900 5.3

93,800 4.0

200,600 11 5.1

33,500 3.8

155,100 5.2

10,400 5.6

5,281,986 980,474 596,853 315,008 68,613 47,105 22,626 19,380 5,100

629,389 107,871 80,640 24,378 2,853 3,791 2,390 1,241 160

3,184,342 569,179 364,213 181,652 23,314 24,455 12,692 9,947 1,816

722,109 131,255 48,968 63,366 18,922 9,398 2,812 5,076 1,509

437,822 104,968 75,505 22,194 7,269 5,131 3,006 1,520 605

282,020 62,007 24,810 21,569 15,628 4,000 1,582 1,449 969

26,304 5,194 2,717 1,849 628 330 143 146 41

986,500

25,700

199,800

367,500

44,600

330,300

18,600

5.1

4.1

5.4

5.6

11

Oceania6

4.8

5.6

3.7

1995 Population, all ages,7 in thousands...................... Enrollment, all levels, in thousands...................... First (primary) level8......................................... Second level9 ................................................... Third level10 ..................................................... Teachers, all levels, in thousands ........................ First (primary) level8......................................... Second level9 ................................................... Third level10 .....................................................

5,686,775 1,103,756 649,480 372,724 81,552 52,047 24,356 21,746 5,945

719,497 130,794 95,928 30,899 3,966 4,486 2,811 1,471 205

3,437,791 644,609 394,304 219,415 30,890 26,955 13,499 11,273 2,183

728,034 137,839 47,344 69,448 21,047 10,113 2,863 5,561 1,689

476,641 116,821 82,279 26,087 8,455 5,784 3,374 1,696 714

296,644 66,510 26,501 23,984 16,026 4,269 1,649 1,528 1,092

28,168 7,183 3,124 2,891 1,167 439 161 217 61

1996 Population, all ages,7 in thousands...................... Enrollment, all levels, in thousands...................... First (primary) level8......................................... Second level9 ................................................... Third level10 ..................................................... Teachers, all levels, in thousands ........................ First (primary) level8......................................... Second level9 ................................................... Third level10 .....................................................

5,767,443 1,130,667 659,106 386,386 85,175 53,081 24,622 22,375 6,084

738,740 134,843 98,356 32,127 4,360 4,642 2,881 1,538 223

3,488,028 663,394 400,405 229,981 33,008 27,596 13,630 11,719 2,247

728,561 137,522 46,866 69,103 21,554 10,107 2,842 5,556 1,709

484,309 120,429 83,596 27,815 9,018 5,983 3,446 1,785 752

299,250 67,122 26,736 24,355 16,031 4,305 1,661 1,552 1,093

28,555 7,357 3,147 3,005 1,204 447 162 224 61

1997 Enrollment, all levels, in thousands...................... First (primary) level8......................................... Second level9 ................................................... Third level10 ..................................................... Teachers, all levels, in thousands ........................ First (primary) level8......................................... Second level9 ................................................... Third level10 .....................................................

1,154,721 668,450 398,116 88,156 54,120 24,818 23,017 6,284

138,714 100,226 33,708 4,780 4,754 2,927 1,585 242

679,366 406,661 237,861 34,844 28,288 13,763 12,185 2,339

137,645 46,304 69,547 21,794 10,141 2,814 5,568 1,759

123,778 85,177 29,153 9,448 6,138 3,474 1,874 789

67,689 26,906 24,746 16,038 4,342 1,674 1,577 1,092

7,528 3,176 3,101 1,251 456 165 228 62

1Enrollment

7Estimate

2Excludes

8First-level

and teacher data exclude the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Rodrigues and other small islands. 3 Includes 5 countries of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.), Arab states, and both the Asian and the European portions of Turkey. 4Includes all countries of the former U.S.S.R. except Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. 5 Northern America includes Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, St. Pierre and Miquelon, and the United States of America. Hawaii is included in Northern America rather than Oceania. Central and South America includes Latin America and the Caribbean. 6 Includes American Samoa, Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Norfolk Island, Pacific Islands, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, and the Republic of Vanuatu.

of midyear population. enrollment generally consists of elementary school, grades 1–6. 9 Second-level enrollment includes general education, teacher training (at the second level), and technical and vocational education. This level generally corresponds to secondary education in the United States, grades 7–12. 10Third-level enrollment includes college and university enrollment, and technical and vocational education beyond the high school level. There is considerable variation in reporting from country to country. 11This figure is for Europe, not including the former U.S.S.R. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Public expenditure data not available for 1995 through 1997. SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Statistical Yearbook, 1999. (This table was prepared July 2000.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

638 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

_

Table 386. Selected population and enrollment statistics for countries with populations over 10 million, by continent: Selected years, 1980 through 2002

Country1 1 World total6 ............................................................... Africa Algeria7 ....................................................................... Angola ........................................................................ Burkina Faso............................................................... Cameroon................................................................... Cote d’Ivoire................................................................ Democratic Rep. of the Congo ................................... Egypt7 ......................................................................... Ethiopia....................................................................... Ghana7 ....................................................................... Kenya7 ........................................................................ Madagascar................................................................ Malawi ........................................................................ Mali ............................................................................. Morocco7 .................................................................... Mozambique7 ............................................................. Niger ........................................................................... Nigeria7 ....................................................................... Senegal ...................................................................... South Africa ................................................................ Sudan7 ........................................................................ Tunisia......................................................................... Uganda ....................................................................... United Republic of Tanzania ....................................... Zambia........................................................................ Zimbabwe ................................................................... Asia Afghanistan7 ............................................................... Bangladesh................................................................. Cambodia ................................................................... China .......................................................................... Hong Kong, China (SAR)............................................ India............................................................................ Indonesia .................................................................... Iran, Islamic Republic of ............................................. Iraq ............................................................................. Japan.......................................................................... Kazakhstan................................................................. Korea, North (DPR) .................................................... Korea, South (Republic of) ......................................... Malaysia...................................................................... Myanmar..................................................................... Nepal7 ......................................................................... Pakistan ...................................................................... Philippines .................................................................. Saudi Arabia ............................................................... Sri Lanka7 ................................................................... Syrian Arab Republic .................................................. Thailand...................................................................... Turkey ......................................................................... Uzbekistan.................................................................. Viet Nam..................................................................... Yemen......................................................................... Europe Belarus7 ...................................................................... Belgium....................................................................... Czech Republic........................................................... France......................................................................... Germany33 .................................................................. Greece........................................................................ Hungary7 .................................................................... Italy7 ........................................................................... Netherlands7............................................................... Poland7 ....................................................................... Portugal ...................................................................... Romania7 .................................................................... Russian Federation..................................................... Spain7 ......................................................................... Ukraine7 ...................................................................... United Kingdom7 ........................................................ North America Canada ....................................................................... Cuba ........................................................................... Guatemala .................................................................. Mexico ........................................................................ United States .............................................................. South America Argentina .................................................................... Brazil........................................................................... Chile ........................................................................... Colombia .................................................................... Ecuador ...................................................................... Peru ............................................................................ Venezuela................................................................... Oceania Australia7 ....................................................................

First level2

Persons per square kilometer

Midyear population in millions

Gross enrollment ratio5

Enrollment in thousands

1980

1990

2000

2002

2002

1980

1990

2000

2002

1980

1990

2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

4,447

5,282

6,054

6,201

48

541,556

596,853

587,775

671,849

96

99

97

108

19 7 7 9 8 27 44 36 11 17 9 6 7 19 12 6 72 6 29 19 6 13 19 6 7

25 9 9 11 12 37 56 48 15 23 13 9 8 24 14 8 96 8 37 24 8 17 25 8 10

30 13 11 15 16 51 64 64 19 30 16 11 11 29 18 11 127 10 43 — 10 22 34 10 12

31 14 12 16 17 54 66 67 20 31 16 11 11 30 18 12 133 10 44 — 10 23 35 10 13

13 11 43 33 53 24 67 67 88 55 28 114 9 66 24 9 146 52 36 — 63 119 40 14 34

3,119 1,301 202 1,379 1,025 4,196 4,663 2,131 14 1,378 3,927 1,724 810 291 2,172 21 1,387 229 12,117 420 22 4,353 1,464 1,054 26 1,292 3,368 1,042 1,235

4,189 9 990 504 1,964 1,415 4,562 6,964 2,466 1,945 5,392 1,571 1,401 395 2,484 1,260 369 13,607 708 6,952 2,043 1,406 22,26 2,470 3,379 1,461 2,116

4,721 1,178 901 2,689 2,047 — 8 7,856 6,651 2,478 8 5,700 2,308 — 1,127 3,842 2,316 657 — 1,160 7,445 2,800 1,374 6,559 8 4,280 1,590 2,461

4,613 — 1,012 2,799 12 2,046 — 8 7,874 7,623 16 2,679 5,590 2,856 2,847 1,295 4,101 2,705 858 24,563 1,287 7,466 3,028 1,277 7,354 27 7,083 1,732 16 2,362

94 175 17 98 75 92 73 37 79 115 130 60 26 83 — 25 109 46 90 50 102 50 93 90 85

100 92 33 101 67 70 94 33 75 95 103 68 26 67 67 29 91 59 122 53 113 74 70 99 116

112 74 44 108 79 — 8 100 64 80 8 94 103 — 61 94 92 35 — 75 111 59 117 136 8 63 78 95

109 — 46 108 12 78 — 8 97 66 16 83 92 120 140 58 110 103 44 119 80 106 60 111 141 27 97 82 16 93

16 88 6 999 5 689 151 39 13 117 15 18 38 14 34 14 85 48 10 15 9 47 44 16 54 8

15 110 9 1,155 6 851 183 59 18 124 17 20 43 18 41 19 119 61 16 17 12 56 56 21 67 12

— 130 12 1,261 7 1,016 210 64 — 127 15 — 47 23 46 24 138 76 21 19 16 61 65 25 79 18

— 136 12 1,281 7 1,048 212 66 — 127 15 — 48 24 49 24 145 80 22 19 17 62 70 25 81 19

— 1,042 71 137 — 353 117 40 — 349 5 — 483 74 74 169 188 268 10 293 93 121 90 61 247 35

1,116 8,240 1,328 146,270 540 73,873 25,537 4,799 2,616 11,827 1,064 — 5,658 2,009 4,148 1,068 30 5,474 14 8,034 927 2,081 1,556 7,393 5,656 1,391 7,887 —

623 11,940 1,330 122,414 525 99,118 29,754 9,370 3,328 9,373 1,197 — 4,869 2,456 5,385 2,789 30 11,451 10,427 1,877 2,112 2,452 6,957 6,862 1,778 8,862 24 2,679

500 17,668 2,431 125,757 494 — 28,690 7,968 — 7,395 1,190 — 4,030 3,018 4,782 3,623 12 14,562 12,760 2,308 — 2,835 6,179 8 8,015 — 9,751 8 2,644

3,267 17,562 2,772 121,662 10 497 127,772 29,051 7,029 4,281 10 7,326 1,120 4,148 — 3,009 4,889 3,929 14,045 12,971 2,342 8,16 1,702 2,985 16 6,113 8 7,904 2,513 8,841 2,950

34 61 — 113 107 83 107 29 98 113 101 84 — 110 93 91 86 40 112 61 103 100 99 96 81 109 —

27 72 121 125 102 97 115 112 111 100 87 — 105 94 106 108 61 111 73 106 108 99 99 81 103 24 79

15 100 110 114 109 — 110 86 — 101 99 — 101 98 89 118 12 75 113 68 — 109 95 8 101 — 106 8 79

92 96 124 115 10 108 109 112 92 110 10 101 102 — 104 93 92 119 68 112 67 8,16 111 115 97 8 91 103 101 83

10 10 10 54 78 10 11 56 14 36 10 22 139 38 50 56

10 10 10 57 79 10 10 57 15 38 10 23 148 39 52 58

10 10 10 59 82 11 10 58 16 39 10 22 146 39 50 60

10 10 10 59 82 11 10 58 16 39 10 22 144 41 49 59

48 314 132 108 231 82 110 197 477 127 110 97 9 82 84 244

750 842 647 4,610 3,636 901 1,162 4,423 1,333 4,167 1,240 3,308 6,009 3,610 3,592 4,911

615 719 546 4,149 3,431 813 1,131 3,056 1,082 5,189 1,020 1,253 7,596 2,820 3,991 4,533

551 772 631 3,838 3,519 636 490 2,810 1,282 3,221 802 1,090 5,702 2,505 — 4,596

437 762 567 3,792 3,304 10 646 464 2,779 1,291 10 3,105 10 770 991 5,417 2,488 1,961 10 4,536

104 104 96 111 — 103 96 100 100 100 123 104 102 109 102 103

95 101 96 108 101 98 95 103 102 98 123 91 109 109 89 104

25 10 7 68 230

28 11 9 83 254

31 — 11 98 282

31 — 12 101 288

3 — 111 53 31

2,185 1,469 803 14,666 20,420

2,376 888 1,165 14,402 22,429

2,456 1,007 1,909 14,793 25,298

2,482 925 2,076 14,857 10 24,855

99 106 71 120 99

103 98 78 114 102

100 102 102 113 101

28 122 11 27 8 17 15

33 148 13 33 10 22 20

37 170 15 42 13 26 24

38 174 16 44 13 27 25

14 21 21 42 47 21 28

3,917 22,598 2,185 4,168 1,534 3,161 3,158

4,965 28,944 1,991 4,247 1,846 3,855 4,053

4,898 20,212 1,799 5,221 1,955 4,338 3,347

4,914 19,380 1,714 5,193 1,987 4,283 3,450

106 98 109 112 117 114 93

106 106 100 102 116 118 96

120 155 103 112 115 127 102

15

17

19

20

3

1,718

1,583

1,906

1,934

112

108

102

—Not available. #Rounds to zero. 1Selection based on total population for midyear 1997. 2First-level enrollment generally consists of elementary school, grades 1–6. 3 Second-level enrollment includes general education, teacher training (at the second level), and technical and vocational education. This level generally corresponds to secondary education in the United States, grades 7–12. 4Third-level enrollment includes college and university enrollment, and technical and vocational education beyond the high school level. There is considerable variation in reporting from country to country. 5Data represent the total enrollment of all ages in the school level divided by the population of the specific age groups that correspond to the school level. The year shown in this column is the one in which the school or academic year starts. Adjustments have been made for the varying lengths of first and second level programs. Ratios may exceed 100 because some countries have many students from outside the normal age range.

6Enrollment

8

11

11

8

8,10

16

8

11

8

109 105 104 105 104 99 102 101 108 100 121 99 109 105 — 99

2002

102 105 102 104 99 10 99 100 101 108 10 100 10 116 99 118 108 93 10 100 8,10

101 98 106 110 10 98 119 147 98 110 117 118 104

16

104

totals and ratios exclude Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Data do not include adult education or special education provided outside regular schools. or data coverage of levels have been revised. Data by level may not be comparable over time. 8 Estimated by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. 9 Data for 1994–95. 10Data for 2001–02. 11Policy change in 2000–01: introduction of free universal primary education. 12 National estimation. 13Data for 1991–92. 14Excludes private institutions. 15 Data refer to universities and exclude Al Azhar. 16Data for 2003–04. 7Classification

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 639

Table 386. Selected population and enrollment statistics for countries with populations over 10 million, by continent: Selected years, 1980 through 2002—Continued Second level3

Third level4 Gross enrollment ratio5

Enrollment in thousands

Gross enrollment ratio5

Enrollment in thousands

1980

1990

2000

2002

1980

1990

2000

2002

1980

1990

2000

2002

1980

1990

2000

2002

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

264,379

315,008

390,616

495,989

47

52

65

80

51,037

68,613

87,090

119,332

12

14

14

19

1,029 191 28 234 198 862 2,929 426 693 428 — 26 — 20 797 18 90 39 1,865 96 — 384 293 18,26 73 79 102 75

2,176 186 99 500 361 13 1,097 5,507 866 — 18 618 18 323 61 84 1,194 160 77 2,908 — 2,742 732 565 18,26 245 167 190 661

2,991 8 400 199 — 8 664 — 8 8,324 8 1,495 1,031 8 1,251 — 8 488 — — 352 8 108 — 8 263 4,142 — 8 1,143 — 8 279 8 283 844

3,548 414 237 820 — — 8 8,384 1,858 16 1,277 1,390 — 8 518 351 1,758 499 125 6,313 310 8 4,312 1,291 1,149 8 688 — 351 16 758

33 21 3 18 19 24 50 9 41 20 — 5 8 20 26 5 5 18 11 — 16 27 5 3 16 8

61 12 7 28 22 13 21 76 14 36 24 18 8 7 35 8 7 25 16 74 24 45 13 5 24 50

80 19 11 31 — — 8 85 20 16 42 33 — 8 33 20 45 16 7 36 19 8 88 35 78 8 20 — 28 16 36

79 2 2 12 20 28 716 14 8 13 23 3 19 4 112 22 1 1 150 14 — 29 32 6 — — 8

286 7 5 33 13 30 80 14,15 628 34 17 10 17 35 36 5 5 256 23 5 — 17,24 208 19 25 439 14 60 69 18 13 7 15 49

— — — 68 — — — 87 64 99 31 — — 310 8 10 13 — 8 — 645 — 207 63 22 8 25 8 49

8 683

11 1 1 3 — 2 16 1 1 2 3 1 1 11 # 1 23,24 4 3 13 3 9 1 0 2 5

— — — 5 — — — 2 3 3 2 — — 10 8 1 1 — — 15 — 22 3 — 8 2 84

8 21

13 16 81 — — 2,154 148 16 70 8,10 99 33 5 8 28 336 — 8,10 14 948 — 675 — 263 8 74 31 — 8,16 56

6 # # 2 3 1 16 # 2 1 3 1 1 6 # # 3 3 — 2 5 1 0 1 1

1 1 5 — — 29 2 16 3 8,10 3 2 — 82 11 — 8,10 1 8 — 15 — 27 8 3 1 — 8,16 4

137 2,659 18 18 56,778 469 32,748 5,722 2,718 1,033 9,558 1,996 — 4,286 1,084 1,066 512 2,166 2,929 349 1,267 604 1,920 2,218 2,879 18 3,847 —

182 3,593 264 52,386 18,28 431 18 54,180 10,965 5,085 18 1,024 11,026 2,144 — 4,560 1,456 1,281 709 4,345 4,034 893 2,082 914 2,230 3,808 3,195 6 3,236 24 212

— 10,329 397 90,723 478 — 14,828 9,091 — 8,606 2,032 2,032 3,959 2,205 8 2,318 8 1,350 12 5,772 5,386 1,914 — 1,125 5,577 — — 8,321 —

10 362 11,024 560 95,625 8,10 480 81,240 15,873 10,024 1,478 10 8,394 2,067 — 3,662 2,300 2,383 1,822 5,734 6,069 1,995 8,16 2,320 1,284 16 5,010 8 5,742 4,161 9,266 1,373

10 18 — 46 64 30 29 29 45 57 93 93 — 78 48 22 22 14 64 29 55 46 29 35 105 42 —

9 19 32 49 80 44 44 55 47 97 98 — 90 56 23 33 23 73 44 74 52 30 47 99 32 24 23

— 46 19 68 78 — 57 78 — 102 88 — 94 70 8 39 8 51 12 25 77 68 — 43 82 — — 67 —

12 47 25 70 8,10 78 53 61 78 43 10 103 92 — 90 70 39 45 23 84 67 8,16 87 48 16 77 8 79 95 72 47

— 240 1 1,663 17 12 3,545 543 14,29 184 107 2,412 525 — 648 58 163 14 34 29 268 1,276 62 29 59 140 19 911 246 516 115 —

24 434 7 3,822 13 85 4,951 13 1,773 14 312 29 170 13 2,899 537 — 1,691 121 13 196 94 — 1,709 154 13,31 55 222 23 1,156 750 603 130 13 53

20 879 25 12,144 128 — 3,018 734 — 3,972 8 446 — 3,003 549 553 103 — 2,432 — — — 2,096 1,607 — 750 —

— 877 43 15,186 10 134 11,295 3,441 1,714 8,10 318 10 3,967 603 — 3,210 632 8,10 555 125 401 2,427 525 — — 16 2,251 1,918 394 8 797 —

— 3 — 2 10 5 4 29 5 9 31 34 — 15 4 5 3 29 2 24 7 3 17 15 5 28 2 —

2 4 1 3 13 19 6 9 10 29 12 30 40 — 39 7 4 5 3 28 12 5 18 23 19 13 30 2 13 4

1 7 3 13 25 — 15 10 — 48 8 31 — 78 28 12 5 — 31 — — — 35 24 — 10 —

— 6 3 16 10 26 12 16 21 8,10 14 10 49 45 — 85 29 8,10 12 5 3 30 25 — — 16 39 28 16 8 10 —

760 836

8 981 — 1,004 5,876 8,388 743 — 4,473 1,403 3,974 813 2,249 13,858 3,183 — 8,374

998 1,181 1,000 5,859 8,447 — 1,030 4,528 1,415 — 10 797 2,218 8 14,486 3,053 4,824 10 9,577

98 91 99 85 — 81 70 72 93 77 37 94 96 87 94 83

93 103 91 99 98 93 79 83 120 81 67 92 93 104 93 85

8 84

5,014 8,457 740 357 5,308 1,391 1,674 34 398 1,148 12,991 3,977 3,406 5,342

968 769 1,268 5,522 7,398 851 514 5,118 1,402 1,888 670 2,838 13,956 4,755 3,408 4,336

91 161 97 109 100 — 106 99 122 — 10 115 85 8 95 117 97 10 178

335 276 118 1,699 2,049 283 102 1,452 479 545 186 193 5,100 1,222 1,652 1,258

438 359 260 2,032 — 478 331 1,812 504 1,775 388 533 7,224 1,834 — 2,067

489 375 287 2,119 2,335 528 390 1,913 527 10 1,906 10 397 644 8 8,151 1,841 2,296 10 2,241

39 26 17 25 27 17 14 27 29 18 11 12 46 23 42 19

48 40 16 40 34 36 14 32 40 22 23 10 52 37 47 30

56 58 30 54 — 63 40 50 55 56 50 27 64 59 — 60

62 61 36 56 51 68 51 57 58 10 60 10 53 35 8 69 62 62 10 64

2,323 1,146 172 4,742 21,585

2,292 1,002 295 6,704 19,270

2,621 837 504 9,357 23,087

8,10 2,622

88 81 19 49 91

101 89 23 53 93

106 85 37 75 95

1,917 242 23 70 1,311 13,710

1,212 178 — 2,048 13,596

8,10 1,193

236 112 2,237 10 15,928

57 17 8 14 56

95 21 8 15 75

59 25 — 21 73

8,10 58

938 608 10,188 10 23,196

1,327 2,819 538 1,733 592 1,203 222

2,160 3,499 720 13 2,378 18,37 786 1,698 281

3,832 26,097 1,391 3,569 936 8 2,376 8 1,544

3,976 26,789 1,557 3,723 973 2,540 1,866

56 33 53 39 53 59 21

71 38 73 50 55 67 35

97 108 85 70 57 8 86 59

13 1,008 36 1,540 13

262 487 207 678 550

— 2,781 452 934 — — 8 681

2,027 3,579 567 990 — 8 831 8 983

22 11 12 9 35 17 21

38 11 21 13 20 30 29

— 17 38 23 — — 8 29

1,100

1,278

2,589

2,514

71

82

161

485

845

1,012

25

36

63

29 1,161

13

10

16

13

71 18 10 — 8 23 — 8 86 8 18 36 8 31 — 8 36 — — 12 86 — 8 18 87 — 78 — 8 6 8 24 44 8

— 95 108 99 98 — 96 124 101 114 82 83 116 — 156

10

10

8,10

340 196

32 118

1,077 1,624 121 101 1,118 360 589 92 193 5,700 698 1,684 827

105 93 43 79 10 93

35 1,173

100 110 91 71 59 90 70

491 1,409 145 272 270 306 307

152 51 930 12,097

16

17 Excludes nonuniversity institutions (such as teacher training colleges and technical colleges) and excludes distance-learning universities. 18 General education enrollment only. Excludes teacher training and vocational education enrollments. 19Data for 1981–82. 20 Does not include professional schools. 21Includes initiation classes where students learn Portuguese. 22 Estimated. 23Data for 1992–93. 24 Data for 1993–94. 25 Not including the former Independent States of Transke, Bophuthatswana, Venda, and Ciskei. 26 Data refer to government aided and maintained schools only. 27 Data for 2004–05. 28Day schools only. 29 Data for 1985–86.

154

38

324

32

38

30

8

16

23

13 13

8

34 9 22 10 81 60 21 45 24 — 8 32 8 40

16

74

Includes preprimary education. some nonuniversity institutions. 32 Includes full-time students only. 33 Data include both former East and West Germany. 34As from 1980, change in structure. 35 Not including part-time students at community colleges. 36Not including former ISCED level 7. 37 Including vocational education. 38Data do not include Vocational Education and Training Institutes (VETS). NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Statistical Yearbook, 1999 and Global Education Digest, 2003, 2005. World Bank, World Development Indicators, 2000 and World Development Report, 2002, 2004. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, International Data Base. Retrieved on May 6, 2005 from http:// www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbnew.html. (This table was prepared September 2005.) 31Excludes

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

640 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

_

Table 387. School-age populations as a percentage of total population, by age group and country: Selected years,1985 through 2002 5- to 14-year-olds as a percent of total population Country

1995

15- to 19-year-olds as a percent of total population

1

1996

1998

1999

2002

1985

2

19902

19952

1996

1998

1999

2002

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Australia..................................... Belgium...................................... Canada ...................................... Czech Republic.......................... Denmark ....................................

14 11 13 — 12

13 11 12 — 10

13 11 12 12 10

14 12 13 13 11

14 12 14 13 11

14 12 14 12 12

14 12 — 12 12

7 6 6 — 6

6 5 5 — 6

6 5 5 6 5

7 6 7 8 6

7 6 7 8 6

7 6 7 7 5

7 6 — 7 5

Finland....................................... France........................................ Germany3 .................................. Greece....................................... Iceland .......................................

11 13 9 — 16

12 12 9 — 15

11 12 10 11 14

13 13 11 12 16

13 13 11 11 16

13 13 11 11 16

12 12 11 10 16

6 6 6 — 7

5 6 4 5 7

5 5 4 6 6

6 7 5 7 8

6 7 6 7 8

6 7 6 7 8

6 7 6 6 7

Ireland........................................ Italy ............................................ Japan......................................... Korea, Republic of ..................... Luxembourg...............................

18 13 14 — 10

18 10 12 — 10

15 9 10 14 11

17 10 11 15 12

16 10 11 14 12

15 10 10 14 12

14 10 10 14 13

8 6 6 — 5

8 6 7 — 4

8 5 5 7 4

9 6 7 9 5

9 6 6 9 6

9 5 6 8 6

8 5 6 7 6

Netherlands ............................... New Zealand.............................. Norway....................................... Russian Federation.................... Spain .........................................

12 15 13 — 15

11 13 11 — 13

11 13 11 14 10

12 15 13 16 11

12 15 13 — 11

12 15 13 14 10

12 15 13 12 10

7 7 6 — 7

5 7 6 — 7

5 6 5 6 6

6 7 6 7 8

6 7 6 — 7

6 7 6 8 7

6 7 6 8 6

Sweden...................................... Switzerland ................................ Turkey ........................................ United Kingdom ......................... United States .............................

11 11 21 11 13

10 10 21 11 13

11 10 20 12 13

12 12 20 13 15

13 12 21 13 14

13 12 21 13 15

13 12 — 13 15

5 6 9 6 6

5 5 9 5 5

5 5 9 5 6

6 6 11 6 7

6 6 11 6 7

6 6 11 6 7

6 6 — 6 7

—Not available. 1 Data are for the 5- to 13-year-old population. 2Data are for the 14- to 17-year-old population.

1990

1

2

1

1985

1

3

Data for 1985 are for the former West Germany. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education at a Glance, selected years, 1987 through 2004. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 641

Table 388. Percentage of population enrolled in secondary and postsecondary institutions, by age group and country: Selected years, 1985 through 2002

Country 1

Secondary Secondary schools, 16 schools, 17 years old,1 years old,1 2002 2002

Postsecondary institutions 18 to 21 years old 1985

1990

22 to 25 years old

1999

2002

1985

26 to 29 years old

1990

1999

2002

1985

1990

1999

2002

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Australia................................. Austria ................................... Belgium2 ................................ Canada .................................. Czech Republic......................

92 91 99 — 100

80 78 101 — 98

— — 25 — —

— — — — —

31 15 42 27 17

35 14 42 — 20

— — 7 — —

— — — — —

15 20 15 18 12

20 17 18 — 16

— — 2 — —

— — — — —

8 12 3 7 4

10 8 5 — 5

Denmark ................................ Finland................................... France.................................... Germany3 .............................. Greece...................................

91 96 97 99 93

83 94 89 93 70

7 9 19 9 —

7 14 25 9 —

8 23 35 11 54

10 21 35 12 46

16 17 10 — —

18 21 12 16 —

27 35 20 19 7

29 39 20 20 24

8 8 4 9 —

9 10 4 10 —

15 18 5 11 2

16 19 5 12 11

Hungary................................. Iceland ................................... Ireland.................................... Italy ........................................ Japan.....................................

90 91 92 86 97

85 81 72 79 93

— — — — —

— — 21 — —

20 7 33 22 —

24 10 — 24 —

— — — — —

— — — — —

14 21 11 21 —

18 23 — 21 —

— — — — —

— — — — —

5 9 3 7 —

7 11 — 8 —

Korea, Republic of ................. Mexico ................................... Netherlands ........................... New Zealand.......................... Norway...................................

95 47 100 85 94

89 34 83 65 93

— — 14 — 9

— — 18 21 14

51 12 26 29 19

56 15 28 30 17

— — 12 — 14

— — 13 15 17

26 8 20 14 28

32 7 22 17 27

— — 6 — 6

— — 5 — 8

6 1 5 8 12

7 3 6 8 13

Poland.................................... Portugal ................................. Spain ..................................... Sweden.................................. Switzerland ............................

94 81 95 97 89

91 70 82 96 85

— 6 15 8 6

— — 21 9 6

21 25 32 16 10

26 25 35 17 10

— 5 11 11 11

— — 14 11 12

21 17 24 25 17

26 20 24 28 18

— 2 4 7 5

— — 5 6 6

5 6 8 12 9

7 8 8 13 9

Turkey .................................... United Kingdom ..................... United States4 .......................

— 87 84

— 74 79

— 15 37

7 16 41

14 29 44

— 30 46

— 7 15

4 11 17

9 12 18

— 12 25

— — 8

2 — 9

4 6 11

— 6 11

—Not available. 1Includes full-time and part-time enrollment. 2 Data for Flemish Belgium only. 3 Data for 1985 are for the former West Germany. 4Postsecondary includes higher education only. NOTE: Data in this table refer to programs classified by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) level 3, level 5A (first and second award), level 5B, and level 6. It includes both full-time and part-time students. ISCED 3 corresponds to secondary education in the United States. ISCED 5A (first and second award), ISCED 5B, and ISCED 6 correspond to 2-year and 4-year college undergraduate and graduate programs in the

United States. Some increases in enrollment rates may be due to more complete reporting by countries. Enrollment figures may not be directly comparable due to differing definitions of postsecondary education and the age at which postsecondary education begins. Differences in reference dates between enrollment and population data can result in enrollment rates that exceed 100 percent. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education at a Glance, selected years, 1987 through 2004; and Education Online Database, 2002. Retrieved May 25, 2005 from http://stats.oecd.org/WBOS/Default/aspx. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 2000 through October 2003. (This table was prepared July 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Table 389. Pupils per teacher in public and private elementary and secondary schools, by level of education and country: Selected years, 1985 to 2003 Elementary Country

Junior high school (lower secondary)

Senior high school (upper secondary)

1985

1990

1996

2000

2001

2002

2003

1985

1990

1996

2000

2001

2002

2003

1985

1990

1996

2000

2001

2002

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Australia.......................................... Austria ............................................ Belgium........................................... Canada ........................................... Denmark .........................................

1 13.8

18.1 12.7 — 17.0 11.2

17.3 — 15.0 18.1 10.4

17.0 14.3 13.4 18.3 10.0

16.9 14.4 13.1 — 10.9

16.6 14.4 13.1 — 10.8

— 9.2 — 16.0 10.2

— 7.7 — 15.5 9.3

— 9.2 — 20.0 10.1

— — — 18.1 11.4

— 9.8 — 18.4 11.1

12.5 9.8 9.3 — 10.9

2 12.4

10.0 10.6 — 10.8

3.2 15.2 — 16.0 14.8

— 12.4 — 15.3 13.3

— 8.5 — 19.5 12.1

— — — 19.5 14.4

— 9.9 — 17.2 13.9

12.5 10.3 9.3 — 14.2

2 12.4

11.3 — 18.1 12.7

— 11.6 — 17.1 11.2

France............................................. Germany3 ....................................... Ireland............................................. Italy ................................................. Japan..............................................

— 20.7 — 12.8 —

— 20.3 — 10.7 1 20.8

19.5 20.9 22.6 11.2 19.7

19.8 19.8 21.5 11.0 20.9

19.5 19.4 20.3 10.8 20.6

19.4 18.9 19.5 10.6 20.3

19.4 18.7 18.7 10.9 19.9

— 16.9 — 9.6 —

— 14.6 — 8.5 18.6

— 16.0 — 10.8 16.2

14.7 15.7 15.9 10.4 16.8

13.5 15.7 15.2 9.9 16.6

13.7 15.7 14.3 9.9 16.2

13.7 15.6 13.7 10.3 15.7

— 23.7 7.2 10.8 —

— 21.0 8.3 10.7 16.2

— 13.1 — 9.8 15.6

10.4 13.9 — 10.2 14.0

11.2 13.7 — 10.4 14.0

10.6 13.6 14.3 10.3 13.7

10.6 13.7 13.7 10.8 13.5

Netherlands .................................... New Zealand................................... Norway............................................ Portugal .......................................... Spain ..............................................

20.2 20.1 — — 26.8

19.2 19.1 — — 21.2

20.0 22.0 — — 18.0

16.8 20.6 12.4 12.1 14.9

17.2 19.6 11.6 11.6 14.7

17.0 19.6 11.5 11.0 14.6

16.0 19.9 1 11.7 — 14.3

12.7 — — — 21.4

12.4 — — — 18.8

— 18.1 — — 17.8

— 19.9 9.9 10.4 —

— 18.7 9.3 9.9 —

15.9 19.4 10.3 9.3 13.7

15.7 18.8 1 10.4 — 13.3

— — — — 15.3

— — — — 14.8

— 14.1 — — 14.2

— 13.1 9.7 7.9 —

— 12.8 9.2 8.0 —

15.9 13.8 9.2 7.5 8.3

15.7 10.9 1 9.2 — 7.9

Sweden........................................... Turkey ............................................. United Kingdom .............................. United States ..................................

11.6 31.1 19.7 17.0

10.6 30.6 22.0 15.6

12.7 — 21.3 16.9

12.8 30.5 21.2 15.8

12.4 29.8 20.5 16.3

12.5 27.5 19.9 15.5

12.3 25.9 2 20.0 15.5

10.8 41.3 — 16.5

10.2 48.4 18.5 15.9

12.2 — 16.0 17.5

12.8 — 2 17.6 16.3

12.4 — 2 17.3 17.0

12.2 — 2 17.6 15.5

12.1 — 2 17.4 15.5

13.1 11.0 11.1 16.2

11.9 12.1 13.9 15.8

15.2 — 15.3 14.7

15.2 14.0 2 12.5 14.1

16.6 17.2 2 12.3 14.8

14.1 17.7 2 12.5 15.6

14.1 18.0 2 12.6 15.6

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. 1 Public schools only. 2Includes only general programs in lower and upper secondary education. 3Data for 1985 are for the former West Germany.

2003

10.2 9.6 — 13.4

NOTE: In this table, U.S. data for elementary correspond to grades 1 through 6; junior high school corresponds to grades 7 through 9; and senior high school corresponds to grades 10 through 12. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education Online Database; Annual National Accounts, Vol. 1, 1997; and Education at a Glance, 2002 through 2005. (This table was prepared October 2005.)

642 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

_

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 643

_

Table 390. Civic knowledge and civic engagement of 14-year-old students, by country: 1999

Country

Civics scale score

Percentage of students who say that they are very likely or likely to vote in national elections

Votes in every election

Joins a political party

2

3

4

5

1

Percentage of students who believe that it is important or very important that a good citizen: Participates in Engages activities to benefit in political people in the discussions community 6

Takes part in activities to protect the environment

7

8

OECD countries Australia............................................................... Belgium (French)1................................................ Czech Republic.................................................... Denmark1 ............................................................ England ...............................................................

102 95 103 100 99

(0.8) (0.9) (0.8) (0.5) (0.6)

85 69 65 91 80

(1.0) (2.0) (1.7) (0.7) (1.0)

89 82 66 60 76

(0.8) (1.4) (1.1) (1.0) (1.1)

17 24 18 17 20

(1.0) (1.0) (1.0) (0.8) (0.9)

34 39 29 44 42

(1.1) (1.4) (1.4) (0.9) (1.3)

80 54 78 86 78

(1.0) (2.0) (0.9) (0.8) (1.0)

74 71 84 83 76

(1.1) (1.7) (1.0) (0.7) (1.1)

Finland................................................................. Germany2 ............................................................ Greece................................................................. Hungary............................................................... Italy ......................................................................

109 100 108 102 105

(0.7) (0.5) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8)

87 67 86 91 80

(0.7) (1.1) (0.9) (0.7) (1.1)

59 69 94 81 84

(1.2) (0.9) (0.6) (0.9) (0.7)

13 18 49 29 32

(0.8) (0.7) (1.0) (0.9) (1.0)

23 43 59 21 49

(1.1) (1.2) (1.0) (0.8) (1.0)

60 85 90 89 82

(1.0) (0.9) (0.7) (0.6) (0.7)

74 72 89 77 79

(1.0) (1.2) (0.7) (1.0) (0.8)

Norway1 ............................................................... Poland.................................................................. Portugal ............................................................... Slovak Republic ................................................... Sweden................................................................

103 111 96 105 99

(0.5) (1.7) (0.7) (0.7) (0.8)

87 88 88 93 75

(0.7) (1.2) (0.8) (0.6) (1.4)

71 91 71 91 78

(0.9) (0.8) (0.9) (0.7) (1.0)

21 35 36 23 21

(0.8) (1.2) (1.1) (1.3) (0.9)

37 53 40 51 37

(1.0) (1.4) (1.0) (1.0) (1.5)

83 90 94 87 83

(0.8) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8) (1.2)

91 77 92 87 81

(0.6) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8) (1.3)

Switzerland .......................................................... United States .......................................................

98 106

(0.8) (1.2)

55 85

(1.3) (1.0)

68 83

(1.2) (0.9)

23 48

(1.1) (1.4)

42 58

(1.2) (1.1)

76 88

(0.9) (0.8)

70 83

(1.2) (0.8)

88 100 101

(0.7) (1.3) (0.5)

74 82 84

(1.0) (1.0) (1.0)

91 80 80

(0.6) (1.2) (0.8)

46 22 30

(1.0) (1.4) (0.9)

34 28 38

(1.1) (1.4) (1.0)

88 83 78

(0.7) (1.1) (0.8)

90 81 73

(0.5) (1.3) (1.0)

Non-OECD countries Chile .................................................................... Russian Federation3 ............................................ Slovenia ............................................................... 1Overall

participation rate less than 85 percent. National Desired Population does not cover all International Desired Population. 3 Did not meet age/grade specification. 2

NOTE: The international mean for these scales was set at 100 with a standard deviation of 20. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), IEA Civic Education Study, 2001. (This table was prepared August 2002.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Mathematics literacy Country 1

Reading literacy

Science literacy

Problem solving

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Female 13

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

OECD total1 ........................................ OECD average2 ..................................

489 500

(1.1) (0.6)

494 506

(1.3) (0.8)

484 494

(1.3) (0.8)

488 494

(1.2) (0.6)

472 477

(1.4) (0.7)

503 511

(1.3) (0.7)

496 500

(1.1) (0.6)

499 503

(1.3) (0.7)

493 497

(1.3) (0.8)

490 500

(1.2) (0.6)

489 499

(1.4) (0.8)

490 501

(1.3) (0.8)

Australia.................................................... Austria ...................................................... Belgium..................................................... Canada ..................................................... Czech Republic.........................................

524 506 529 532 516

(2.1) (3.3) (2.3) (1.8) (3.5)

527 509 533 541 524

(3.0) (4.0) (3.4) (2.1) (4.3)

522 502 525 530 509

(2.7) (4.0) (3.2) (1.9) (4.4)

525 491 507 528 489

(2.1) (3.8) (2.6) (1.7) (3.5)

506 467 489 514 473

(2.8) (4.5) (3.8) (2.0) (4.1)

545 514 526 546 504

(2.6) (4.2) (3.3) (1.8) (4.4)

525 491 509 519 523

(2.1) (3.4) (2.5) (2.0) (3.4)

525 490 509 527 526

(2.9) (4.3) (3.6) (2.3) (4.3)

525 492 509 516 520

(2.8) (4.2) (3.5) (2.2) (4.1)

530 506 525 529 516

(2.0) (3.2) (2.2) (1.7) (3.4)

527 505 524 533 520

(2.7) (3.9) (3.1) (2.0) (4.1)

533 508 527 532 513

(2.5) (3.8) (3.2) (1.8) (4.3)

Denmark ................................................... Finland...................................................... France....................................................... Germany................................................... Greece......................................................

514 544 511 503 445

(2.7) (1.9) (2.5) (3.3) (3.9)

523 548 515 508 455

(3.4) (2.5) (3.6) (4.0) (4.8)

506 541 507 499 436

(3.0) (2.1) (2.9) (3.9) (3.8)

492 543 496 491 472

(2.8) (1.6) (2.7) (3.4) (4.1)

479 521 476 471 453

(3.3) (2.2) (3.8) (4.2) (5.1)

505 565 514 513 490

(3.0) (2.0) (3.2) (3.9) (4.0)

475 548 511 502 481

(3.0) (1.9) (3.0) (3.6) (3.8)

484 545 511 506 487

(3.6) (2.6) (4.1) (4.5) (4.8)

467 551 511 500 475

(3.2) (2.2) (3.5) (4.2) (3.9)

517 548 519 513 449

(2.5) (1.9) (2.7) (3.2) (4.0)

519 543 519 511 449

(3.1) (2.5) (3.8) (3.9) (4.9)

514 553 520 517 448

(2.9) (2.2) (2.9) (3.7) (4.1)

Hungary.................................................... Iceland ...................................................... Ireland....................................................... Italy ........................................................... Japan........................................................

490 515 503 466 534

(2.8) (1.4) (2.4) (3.1) (4.0)

494 508 510 475 539

(3.3) (2.3) (3.0) (4.6) (5.8)

486 523 495 457 530

(3.3) (2.2) (3.4) (3.8) (4.0)

482 492 515 476 498

(2.5) (1.6) (2.6) (3.0) (3.9)

467 464 501 455 487

(3.2) (2.3) (3.3) (5.1) (5.5)

498 522 530 495 509

(3.0) (2.2) (3.7) (3.4) (4.1)

503 495 505 486 548

(2.8) (1.5) (2.7) (3.1) (4.1)

503 490 506 490 550

(3.3) (2.4) (3.1) (5.2) (6.0)

504 500 504 484 546

(3.3) (2.4) (3.9) (3.6) (4.1)

501 505 498 470 547

(2.9) (1.4) (2.3) (3.1) (4.1)

499 490 499 467 546

(3.4) (2.2) (2.8) (5.0) (5.7)

503 520 498 471 548

(3.4) (2.5) (3.5) (3.5) (4.1)

Korea, Republic of .................................... Luxembourg.............................................. Mexico ...................................................... Netherlands .............................................. New Zealand.............................................

542 493 385 538 523

(3.2) (1.0) (3.6) (3.1) (2.3)

552 502 391 540 531

(4.4) (1.9) (4.3) (4.1) (2.8)

528 485 380 535 516

(5.3) (1.5) (4.1) (3.5) (3.2)

534 479 400 513 522

(3.1) (1.5) (4.1) (2.9) (2.5)

525 463 389 503 508

(3.7) (2.6) (4.6) (3.7) (3.1)

547 496 410 524 535

(4.3) (1.8) (4.6) (3.2) (3.3)

538 483 405 524 521

(3.5) (1.5) (3.5) (3.1) (2.4)

546 489 410 527 529

(4.7) (2.5) (3.9) (4.2) (3.0)

527 477 400 522 513

(5.5) (1.9) (4.2) (3.6) (3.4)

550 494 384 520 533

(3.1) (1.4) (4.3) (3.0) (2.2)

554 495 387 522 531

(4.0) (2.4) (5.0) (3.6) (2.6)

546 492 382 518 534

(4.8) (1.9) (4.7) (3.6) (3.1)

Norway...................................................... Poland....................................................... Portugal .................................................... Slovak Republic ........................................ Spain ........................................................

495 490 466 498 485

(2.4) (2.5) (3.4) (3.3) (2.4)

498 493 472 507 490

(2.8) (3.0) (4.2) (3.9) (3.4)

492 487 460 489 481

(2.9) (2.9) (3.4) (3.6) (2.2)

500 497 478 469 481

(2.8) (2.9) (3.7) (3.1) (2.6)

475 477 459 453 461

(3.4) (3.6) (4.3) (3.8) (3.8)

525 516 495 486 500

(3.4) (3.2) (3.7) (3.3) (2.5)

484 498 468 495 487

(2.9) (2.9) (3.5) (3.7) (2.6)

485 501 471 502 489

(3.5) (3.2) (4.0) (4.3) (3.9)

483 494 465 487 485

(3.3) (3.4) (3.6) (3.9) (2.6)

490 487 470 492 482

(2.6) (2.8) (3.9) (3.4) (2.7)

486 486 470 495 479

(3.1) (3.4) (4.6) (4.1) (3.6)

494 487 470 488 485

(3.2) (3.0) (3.9) (3.6) (2.6)

Sweden..................................................... Switzerland ............................................... Turkey ....................................................... United Kingdom3 ...................................... United States ............................................

509 527 423 508 483

(2.6) (3.4) (6.7) (2.4) (2.9)

512 535 430 512 486

(3.0) (4.7) (7.9) (2.9) (3.3)

506 518 415 505 480

(3.1) (3.6) (6.7) (3.9) (3.2)

514 499 441 507 495

(2.4) (3.3) (5.8) (2.5) (3.2)

496 482 426 492 479

(2.8) (4.4) (6.8) (3.1) (3.7)

533 517 459 520 511

(2.9) (3.1) (6.1) (3.6) (3.5)

506 513 434 518 491

(2.7) (3.7) (5.9) (2.5) (3.1)

509 518 434 520 494

(3.1) (5.0) (6.7) (3.1) (3.5)

504 508 434 517 489

(3.5) (3.9) (6.4) (4.0) (3.5)

509 521 408 510 477

(2.4) (3.0) (6.0) (2.4) (3.1)

504 520 408 506 477

(3.0) (4.0) (7.3) (3.0) (3.4)

514 523 406 514 478

(2.8) (3.3) (5.8) (3.5) (3.5)

Non-OECD countries Brazil..................................................... Hong Kong-China ................................. Indonesia .............................................. Latvia .................................................... Liechtenstein......................................... Macao-China ........................................ Russian Federation............................... Serbia and Montenegro ........................ Thailand ................................................ Tunisia................................................... Uruguay ................................................

356 550 360 483 536 527 468 437 417 359 422

(4.8) (4.5) (3.9) (3.7) (4.1) (2.9) (4.2) (3.8) (3.0) (2.5) (3.3)

365 552 362 485 550 538 473 437 415 365 428

(6.1) (6.5) (3.9) (4.8) (7.2) (4.8) (5.3) (4.2) (4.0) (2.7) (4.0)

348 548 358 482 521 517 463 436 419 353 416

(4.4) (4.6) (4.6) (3.6) (6.3) (3.3) (4.2) (4.5) (3.4) (2.9) (3.8)

403 510 382 491 525 498 442 412 420 375 434

(4.6) (3.7) (3.4) (3.7) (3.6) (2.2) (3.9) (3.6) (2.8) (2.8) (3.4)

384 494 369 470 517 491 428 390 396 362 414

(5.8) (5.3) (3.4) (4.5) (7.2) (3.6) (4.7) (3.7) (3.7) (3.3) (4.5)

419 525 394 509 534 504 456 433 439 387 453

(4.1) (3.5) (3.9) (3.7) (6.5) (2.8) (3.7) (3.9) (3.0) (3.3) (3.7)

390 539 395 489 525 525 489 436 429 385 438

(4.3) (4.3) (3.2) (3.9) (4.3) (3.0) (4.1) (3.5) (2.7) (2.6) (2.9)

393 538 396 487 538 529 494 434 425 380 441

(5.3) (6.1) (3.1) (5.1) (7.7) (5.0) (5.3) (3.7) (3.7) (2.7) (3.7)

387 541 394 491 512 521 485 439 433 390 436

(4.3) (4.2) (3.8) (3.9) (7.3) (4.0) (4.0) (4.2) (3.1) (3.0) (3.6)

371 548 361 483 529 532 479 420 425 345 411

(4.8) (4.2) (3.3) (3.9) (3.9) (2.5) (4.6) (3.3) (2.7) (2.1) (3.7)

374 545 358 481 535 538 480 416 418 346 412

(6.0) (6.2) (3.1) (5.1) (6.6) (4.3) (5.9) (3.8) (3.9) (2.5) (4.6)

368 550 365 484 524 527 477 424 431 343 409

(4.3) (4.0) (4.0) (4.0) (5.9) (3.2) (4.4) (3.9) (3.1) (2.5) (4.2)

1 Illustrates how a country compares with the OECD area as a whole. Computed taking the OECD countries as a single entity, to which each country contributes in proportion to the number of 15-year-olds enrolled in its schools. 2Refers to the mean of the data values for all OECD countries, to which each country contributes equally, regardless of the absolute size of the student population of each country. 3Response rate is too low to ensure comparability with other countries.

NOTE: Scales were designed to have an average score of 500 points and standard deviation of 100. Possible scores range from 0 to 1000. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2003, Learning for Tomorrow's World, 2003, and Problem Solving for Tomorrow's World, 2003. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, PISA, 2003, International Outcomes of Learning in Mathematics Literacy and Problem Solving, 2003. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

644 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 391. Average mathematics literacy, reading literacy, science literacy, and problem-solving scores of 15-year-olds, by sex and country: 2003

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 645

_

Table 392. Mean scores and percentage distribution of 15-year-olds scoring at each mathematics literacy proficiency level, by country: 2003 Percentage distribution at levels of proficiency Country

Mean score

1

Below Level 1

2

1

Level 1

3

2

Level 23

4

Level 34

5

Level 45

6

Level 56

7

Level 67

8

9

OECD total8 .............................. OECD average9 ........................

489 500

(1.07) (0.63)

11.0 8.2

(0.32) (0.17)

14.6 13.2

(0.32) (0.16)

21.2 21.1

(0.28) (0.15)

22.4 23.7

(0.32) (0.18)

17.6 19.1

(0.25) (0.17)

9.6 10.6

(0.19) (0.13)

3.5 4.0

(0.19) (0.10)

Australia.......................................... Austria ............................................ Belgium........................................... Canada ........................................... Czech Republic...............................

524 506 529 532 516

(2.15) (3.27) (2.29) (1.82) (3.55)

4.3 5.6 7.2 2.4 5.0

(0.45) (0.70) (0.56) (0.26) (0.69)

10.0 13.2 9.3 7.7 11.6

(0.51) (0.84) (0.49) (0.36) (0.90)

18.6 21.6 15.9 18.3 20.1

(0.62) (0.90) (0.65) (0.61) (0.96)

24.0 24.9 20.1 26.2 24.3

(0.71) (1.14) (0.71) (0.67) (0.95)

23.3 20.5 21.0 25.1 20.8

(0.64) (0.84) (0.62) (0.60) (0.87)

14.0 10.5 17.5 14.8 12.9

(0.53) (0.85) (0.69) (0.55) (0.80)

5.8 3.7 9.0 5.5 5.3

(0.45) (0.52) (0.48) (0.45) (0.53)

Denmark ......................................... Finland............................................ France............................................. Germany......................................... Greece............................................

514 544 511 503 445

(2.74) (1.87) (2.50) (3.32) (3.90)

4.7 1.5 5.6 9.2 17.8

(0.50) (0.23) (0.68) (0.84) (1.21)

10.7 5.3 11.0 12.4 21.2

(0.62) (0.38) (0.77) (0.81) (1.15)

20.6 16.0 20.2 19.0 26.3

(0.89) (0.57) (0.82) (1.05) (1.04)

26.2 27.7 25.9 22.6 20.2

(0.88) (0.65) (0.99) (0.82) (1.01)

21.9 26.1 22.1 20.6 10.6

(0.83) (0.89) (0.97) (1.02) (0.87)

11.8 16.7 11.6 12.2 3.4

(0.86) (0.64) (0.72) (0.87) (0.53)

4.1 6.7 3.5 4.1 0.6

(0.50) (0.46) (0.40) (0.48) (0.17)

Hungary.......................................... Iceland ............................................ Ireland............................................. Italy ................................................. Japan..............................................

490 515 503 466 534

(2.84) (1.42) (2.45) (3.08) (4.02)

7.8 4.5 4.7 13.2 4.7

(0.80) (0.40) (0.57) (1.19) (0.65)

15.2 10.5 12.1 18.7 8.6

(0.81) (0.55) (0.84) (0.93) (0.72)

23.8 20.2 23.6 24.7 16.3

(1.05) (1.02) (0.83) (1.03) (0.80)

24.3 26.1 28.0 22.9 22.4

(0.93) (0.88) (0.82) (0.84) (1.02)

18.2 23.2 20.2 13.4 23.6

(0.90) (0.81) (1.06) (0.73) (1.24)

8.2 11.7 9.1 5.5 16.1

(0.73) (0.61) (0.76) (0.43) (0.96)

2.5 3.7 2.2 1.5 8.2

(0.42) (0.36) (0.33) (0.19) (1.14)

Korea, Republic of .......................... Luxembourg.................................... Mexico ............................................ Netherlands .................................... New Zealand...................................

542 493 385 538 523

(3.24) (0.97) (3.64) (3.13) (2.26)

2.5 7.4 38.1 2.6 4.9

(0.32) (0.41) (1.71) (0.65) (0.44)

7.1 14.3 27.9 8.4 10.1

(0.65) (0.65) (1.02) (0.95) (0.63)

16.6 22.9 20.8 18.0 19.2

(0.80) (0.87) (0.87) (1.11) (0.71)

24.1 25.9 10.1 23.0 23.2

(0.98) (0.79) (0.84) (1.14) (0.90)

25.0 18.7 2.7 22.6 21.9

(1.08) (0.85) (0.39) (1.34) (0.80)

16.7 8.5 0.4 18.2 14.1

(0.81) (0.59) (0.10) (1.09) (0.60)

8.1 2.4 # 7.3 6.6

(0.93) (0.31) (†) (0.58) (0.44)

Norway............................................ Poland............................................. Portugal .......................................... Slovak Republic .............................. Spain ..............................................

495 490 466 498 485

(2.38) (2.50) (3.40) (3.35) (2.41)

6.9 6.8 11.3 6.7 8.1

(0.50) (0.61) (1.11) (0.85) (0.66)

13.9 15.2 18.8 13.2 14.9

(0.82) (0.76) (0.99) (0.86) (0.87)

23.7 24.8 27.1 23.5 24.7

(1.16) (0.75) (0.99) (0.88) (0.78)

25.2 25.3 24.0 24.9 26.7

(1.01) (0.94) (1.03) (1.08) (1.02)

18.9 17.7 13.4 18.9 17.7

(1.00) (0.89) (0.94) (0.82) (0.65)

8.7 7.8 4.6 9.8 6.5

(0.57) (0.49) (0.47) (0.68) (0.62)

2.7 2.3 0.8 2.9 1.4

(0.35) (0.31) (0.16) (0.38) (0.25)

Sweden........................................... Switzerland ..................................... Turkey ............................................. United Kingdom10 ........................... United States ..................................

509 527 423 508 483

(2.56) (3.38) (6.74) (2.43) (2.95)

5.6 4.9 27.7 5.2 10.2

(0.52) (0.45) (2.01) (0.54) (0.80)

11.7 9.6 24.6 12.5 15.5

(0.60) (0.57) (1.33) (0.67) (0.81)

21.7 17.5 22.1 21.2 23.9

(0.84) (0.80) (1.12) (1.20) (0.80)

25.5 24.3 13.5 25.6 23.8

(0.95) (0.98) (1.27) (0.88) (0.79)

19.8 22.5 6.8 20.6 16.6

(0.81) (0.72) (1.05) (0.73) (0.73)

11.6 14.2 3.1 11.0 8.0

(0.57) (1.05) (0.82) (0.73) (0.53)

4.1 7.0 2.4 3.9 2.0

(0.49) (0.90) (1.02) (0.43) (0.36)

Non-OECD countries Brazil........................................... Hong Kong-China ....................... Indonesia .................................... Latvia .......................................... Liechtenstein............................... Macao-China .............................. Russian Federation..................... Serbia and Montenegro .............. Thailand ...................................... Tunisia......................................... Uruguay ......................................

356 550 360 483 536 527 468 437 417 359 422

(4.83) (4.54) (3.91) (3.69) (4.12) (2.89) (4.20) (3.75) (3.00) (2.54) (3.29)

53.3 3.9 50.5 7.6 4.8 2.3 11.4 17.6 23.8 51.1 26.3

(1.94) (0.72) (2.08) (0.86) (1.33) (0.60) (1.03) (1.35) (1.28) (1.37) (1.30)

21.9 6.5 27.6 16.1 7.5 8.8 18.8 24.5 30.2 26.9 21.8

(1.09) (0.64) (1.05) (1.08) (1.66) (1.34) (1.09) (1.08) (1.25) (0.95) (0.80)

14.1 13.9 14.8 25.5 17.3 19.6 26.4 28.6 25.4 14.7 24.2

(0.86) (1.00) (1.07) (1.17) (2.78) (1.40) (1.13) (1.16) (1.12) (0.75) (0.89)

6.8 20.0 5.5 26.3 21.6 26.8 23.1 18.9 13.7 5.7 16.8

(0.78) (1.25) (0.71) (1.15) (2.54) (1.77) (1.02) (1.11) (0.85) (0.61) (0.68)

2.7 25.0 1.4 16.6 23.2 23.7 13.2 8.1 5.3 1.4 8.2

(0.47) (1.17) (0.39) (1.17) (3.09) (1.71) (0.92) (0.88) (0.53) (0.30) (0.65)

0.9 20.2 0.2 6.3 18.3 13.8 5.4 2.1 1.5 0.2 2.3

(0.36) (1.00) (0.09) (0.70) (3.22) (1.55) (0.58) (0.41) (0.31) (0.12) (0.33)

0.3 10.5 # 1.6 7.3 4.8 1.6 0.2 0.2 # 0.5

(0.16) (0.94) (†) (0.36) (1.73) (0.96) (0.38) (0.10) (0.10) (†) (0.17)

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Less than or equal to 357.77 score points. Does not meet the requirements for proficiency at level 1. 2A score greater than 357.77 and less than or equal to 420.07. Indicates an ability to answer questions involving familiar contexts where all relevant information is present and the questions are clearly defined. 3A score greater than 420.07 and less than or equal to 482.38. Indicates an ability to interpret and recognize situations in contexts that require no more than direct inference, extract relevant information from a single source, and employ direct reasoning for literal interpretations of results. 4A score greater than 482.38 and less than or equal to 544.68. Indicates an ability to execute clearly described procedures, interpret and use representations based on different information sources, and develop short communications reporting their interpretations, results, and reasoning. 5 A score greater than 544.68 and less than or equal to 606.99. Indicates an ability to work effectively with explicit models for complex concrete situations that may involve constraints or call for making assumptions, select and integrate different representations, reason with some insight, and construct and communicate explanations and arguments based on their interpretations and actions.

6

A score greater than 606.99 and less than or equal to 669.3. Indicates an ability to develop and work with models for complex situations, work strategically using broad, well-developed thinking and reasoning skills, and communicate their interpretations and reasoning. 7 A score greater than 669.3. Indicates an ability to conceptualize, generalize, and utilize information, link different information sources and representations, and formulate and precisely communicate actions and reflections regarding findings and interpretations. 8 Illustrates how a country compares with the OECD area as a whole. Computed by taking the OECD countries as a single entity to which each country contributes in proportion to the number of 15-year-olds enrolled in its schools. 9 Refers to the mean of the data values for all OECD countries, to which each country contributes equally, regardless of the absolute size of the student population of each country. 10Response rate was too low to ensure comparability with other countries. NOTE: Mean score was designed to have an average of 500 points, and a standard deviation of 100. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Possible scores range from 0 to 1000. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2003, Learning for Tomorrow's World, 2003. U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, PISA, 2003, International Outcomes of Learning in Mathematics Literacy and Problem Solving: PISA 2003 Results From the U.S. Perspective. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Average score by content area

Country

Index of time students spend doing mathematics homework (TMH) in a normal school week High TMH6

Medium TMH7

Low TMH8

Mathematics overall

Number1

Patterns and relationships2

Measurement3

Geometry4

Data5

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1

Mean score 13

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

International average ......................

495

(0.8)

495

(0.7)

495

(0.7)

495

(0.7)

495

(0.7)

495

(0.6)

18

(0.2)

489

(1.3)

56

(0.3)

500

(0.9)

26

(0.3)

494

(1.6)

Armenia9................................................... Australia10 ................................................. Belgium (Flemish)..................................... Chinese Taipei .......................................... Cyprus ......................................................

456 499 551 564 510

(3.5) (3.9) (1.8) (1.8) (2.4)

473 479 549 568 514

(3.0) (4.3) (1.9) (1.8) (2.7)

461 495 542 555 519

(4.1) (3.7) (1.9) (2.4) (2.4)

465 514 550 557 506

(3.1) (3.7) (1.4) (1.6) (2.3)

431 524 533 553 505

(3.8) (3.7) (1.8) (2.5) (2.3)

417 525 548 564 509

(3.6) (3.6) (2.2) (2.3) (2.3)

33 7 9 11 14

(1.3) (0.8) (0.7) (0.6) (0.6)

467 486 538 546 494

(5.1) (13.0) (3.9) (3.5) (4.6)

65 43 48 62 76

(1.3) (2.1) (1.7) (1.1) (0.9)

465 500 549 569 521

(3.5) (4.6) (2.7) (2.0) (2.4)

2 50 43 27 10

(0.3) (2.1) (2.0) (1.2) (0.6)

‡ 505 557 561 497

(†) (4.4) (2.0) (2.7) (5.3)

England10 ................................................. Hong Kong, SAR10,11 ............................... Hungary.................................................... Iran, Islamic Republic of ........................... Italy ...........................................................

531 575 529 389 503

(3.7) (3.2) (3.1) (4.2) (3.7)

519 574 524 410 502

(4.1) (3.3) (2.9) (3.7) (3.6)

523 568 545 394 496

(3.9) (3.5) (3.7) (3.9) (4.3)

535 563 532 398 504

(3.3) (2.7) (2.7) (3.2) (3.4)

542 557 514 416 522

(3.7) (2.9) (3.3) (3.9) (3.5)

552 562 513 356 497

(3.4) (2.3) (3.2) (4.4) (3.0)

4 24 17 31 24

(0.6) (1.0) (0.9) (2.3) (1.1)

489 575 515 404 496

(14.3) (3.8) (4.9) (5.1) (5.2)

37 71 78 52 52

(1.8) (0.9) (1.1) (1.8) (1.1)

531 580 538 391 504

(4.8) (3.2) (3.1) (5.0) (4.5)

59 5 5 17 24

(1.9) (0.5) (0.9) (2.3) (1.6)

540 530 535 376 512

(4.2) (5.6) (10.6) (8.1) (3.6)

Japan........................................................ Latvia ........................................................ Lithuania12 ................................................ Moldova, Rep. of....................................... Morocco13 .................................................

565 536 534 504 347

(1.6) (2.8) (2.8) (4.9) (5.1)

556 531 535 507 359

(2.0) (2.6) (2.9) (4.7) (4.7)

554 532 531 521 360

(1.4) (3.4) (3.0) (5.1) (4.7)

568 545 540 505 345

(1.6) (2.6) (2.7) (4.0) (5.5)

559 523 524 501 362

(1.9) (2.2) (2.2) (4.9) (4.9)

593 526 517 477 355

(1.6) (2.7) (2.5) (4.3) (5.0)

8 25 29 31 22

(0.6) (1.1) (1.2) (2.0) (1.3)

543 525 527 518 362

(4.6) (4.1) (3.8) (6.3) (5.9)

57 71 66 66 58

(1.8) (1.1) (1.3) (1.9) (1.9)

568 546 545 504 365

(2.3) (2.7) (3.1) (5.4) (4.8)

35 4 5 3 20

(2.1) (0.6) (0.6) (0.6) (2.1)

565 517 510 494 353

(2.7) (9.1) (10.7) (10.9) (12.3)

Netherlands10 ........................................... New Zealand............................................. Norway14 .................................................. Philippines ................................................ Russian Federation...................................

540 493 451 358 532

(2.1) (2.2) (2.3) (7.9) (4.7)

536 475 440 380 532

(2.2) (2.3) (2.2) (7.4) (4.6)

527 495 439 382 531

(2.4) (2.9) (2.7) (7.0) (5.0)

545 503 475 330 538

(2.2) (2.0) (2.2) (7.8) (3.8)

521 517 478 335 528

(3.2) (1.8) (2.2) (8.8) (4.8)

553 522 479 384 505

(2.4) (2.0) (2.3) (7.5) (4.1)

1 7 12 17 38

(0.2) (0.4) (1.0) (0.8) (1.3)

‡ 489 447 349 531

(†) (6.7) (4.7) (7.0) (5.3)

10 41 56 52 59

(0.8) (1.1) (1.8) (1.7) (1.2)

508 491 462 362 537

(6.6) (3.3) (3.2) (6.7) (4.7)

89 52 32 31 2

(0.9) (1.3) (2.1) (1.9) (0.4)

546 504 467 372 ‡

(1.8) (3.1) (4.0) (15.7) (†)

Scotland10 ................................................ Singapore ................................................. Slovenia .................................................... Tunisia13 ................................................... United States10 .........................................

490 594 479 339 518

(3.3) (5.6) (2.6) (4.7) (2.4)

475 612 461 360 516

(3.3) (6.0) (2.7) (4.1) (2.6)

495 579 490 330 524

(2.9) (5.4) (2.7) (4.7) (2.7)

499 566 497 308 500

(3.1) (4.6) (2.8) (5.5) (2.1)

511 570 498 346 518

(2.5) (5.5) (2.2) (5.1) (2.2)

516 575 486 308 549

(2.7) (3.9) (2.7) (4.7) (2.0)

6 40 14 22 12

(0.8) (1.5) (0.9) (2.2) (0.6)

477 604 466 373 504

(6.8) (6.0) (6.7) (8.6) (4.0)

40 49 76 50 63

(2.0) (1.3) (1.2) (2.8) (1.3)

488 595 490 365 524

(4.2) (5.8) (2.6) (6.3) (2.7)

54 11 10 28 25

(2.2) (0.6) (0.9) (3.0) (1.5)

498 575 455 365 520

(3.4) (7.2) (8.6) (8.0) (3.5)

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1 Topic includes whole numbers; fractions and decimals; integers; and ratio, proportion, and percent. 2Topic includes patterns, equations and formulas, and relationships. 3Topic includes attributes and units and tools, techniques, and formulas. 4 Topic includes lines and angles, two- and three-dimensional shapes, congruence and similarity, locations and spatial relationships, and symmetry and transformations. 5Topic includes data collection and organization, data representation, and data interpretation. 6 High level indicates more than 30 minutes of mathematics homework assigned 3–4 times a week. 7Medium level includes all possible combinations of responses not included in the high or low level categories (see below for details on the low level). 8 Low level indicates no more than 30 minutes of mathematics homework assigned no more than twice a week.

9Response

rate for the TMH index was at least 70 but less than 85 percent of the students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. 10 Met international guidelines for participation rates only after replacement schools were included. 11SAR=Special Administrative Region. 12National Desired Population does not cover all of the International Desired Population. 13 Response rate for the TMH index was at least 50 but less than 70 percent of the students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. 14Students had received 4 years of formal schooling, but first grade is called “First grade/preschool.” NOTE: TMH index data are provided by students. Data are for fourth-grade students or equivalent in most countries. Possible scores range from 1 to 1,000. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2003, TIMSS 2003 International Mathematics Report, by Ina V. S. Mullis et al. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

646 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 393. Average fourth-grade mathematics scores, by content areas, index of time students spend doing mathematics homework in a normal school week, and country: 2003

_

Table 394. Average eighth-grade mathematics scores, by content areas, index of time students spend doing mathematics homework in a normal school week, and country: 2003 Average score by content area

Country

High TMH6

Medium TMH7

Low TMH8

Mathematics overall

Number1

Algebra2

Measurement3

Geometry4

Data5

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

1 9

Index of time students spend doing mathematics homework (TMH) in a normal school week

467

(0.5)

467

(0.5)

467

(0.5)

467

(0.5)

467

(0.5)

467

(0.5)

26

(0.2)

468

(0.8)

54

(0.2)

471

(0.6)

19

(0.2)

456

(1.0)

478 505 401 537 366

(3.0) (4.6) (1.7) (2.8) (2.6)

473 498 380 539 382

(3.1) (4.6) (1.9) (2.7) (2.2)

489 499 411 523 377

(2.6) (4.4) (2.5) (2.8) (2.7)

488 511 388 535 377

(3.3) (4.3) (2.1) (2.5) (2.0)

481 491 438 527 335

(3.1) (4.8) (2.1) (3.1) (3.9)

419 531 414 546 375

(2.7) (3.8) (2.1) (2.9) (2.7)

35 19 18 13 25

(1.3) (1.6) (0.8) (1.1) (0.8)

490 520 387 542 385

(3.9) (6.0) (3.3) (4.5) (3.9)

60 50 69 42 53

(1.2) (1.5) (1.2) (1.4) (0.8)

478 509 409 546 368

(3.7) (5.4) (2.0) (3.2) (2.6)

4 31 13 44 22

(0.4) (2.0) (1.1) (2.0) (0.9)

475 497 398 532 355

(7.5) (5.5) (4.9) (3.7) (3.0)

Bulgaria .................................................... Chile ......................................................... Chinese Taipei .......................................... Cyprus ...................................................... Egypt.........................................................

476 387 585 459 406

(4.3) (3.3) (4.6) (1.7) (3.5)

477 390 585 464 421

(4.1) (3.1) (4.6) (1.5) (3.0)

481 384 585 455 408

(4.0) (3.1) (4.9) (1.7) (3.9)

473 404 574 459 401

(4.6) (2.9) (4.4) (2.2) (3.3)

484 378 588 457 408

(4.5) (3.3) (5.1) (2.4) (3.6)

458 412 568 458 393

(3.9) (3.4) (3.4) (1.7) (3.2)

33 10 18 21 26

(1.8) (0.7) (1.5) (0.8) (0.8)

482 387 611 459 402

(6.4) (6.9) (6.0) (2.8) (4.3)

54 43 45 70 60

(1.5) (1.0) (1.2) (0.7) (1.0)

478 389 594 469 418

(4.6) (3.8) (4.4) (1.8) (3.6)

14 47 37 9 14

(1.5) (1.4) (2.0) (0.6) (0.7)

469 388 563 438 419

(5.4) (3.7) (5.6) (5.3) (4.7)

England10 ................................................. Estonia...................................................... Ghana....................................................... Hong Kong, SAR11,12 ............................... Hungary....................................................

‡ 531 276 586 529

(†) (3.0) (4.7) (3.3) (3.2)

‡ 523 289 586 529

(†) (3.1) (5.1) (3.2) (3.6)

‡ 528 288 580 534

(†) (2.6) (4.8) (3.2) (3.1)

‡ 528 262 584 525

(†) (3.0) (3.7) (3.3) (3.1)

‡ 540 278 588 515

(†) (2.6) (4.3) (3.6) (3.1)

‡ 535 293 566 526

(†) (2.8) (4.1) (3.0) (2.9)

‡ 28 24 32 20

(†) (1.3) (0.9) (1.9) (1.2)

‡ 519 288 600 516

(†) (4.0) (5.8) (3.5) (5.8)

‡ 66 56 49 77

(†) (1.3) (0.9) (1.5) (1.2)

‡ 538 280 587 537

(†) (3.2) (4.5) (3.6) (3.1)

‡ 7 20 19 3

(†) (1.2) (1.0) (1.5) (0.5)

‡ 523 275 566 501

(†) (10.3) (7.5) (7.6) (14.1)

Indonesia13 ............................................... Iran, Islamic Republic of ........................... Israel14 ...................................................... Italy ........................................................... Japan........................................................

411 411 496 484 570

(4.8) (2.4) (3.4) (3.2) (2.1)

421 416 504 480 557

(4.6) (2.3) (3.3) (3.2) (2.3)

418 412 498 477 568

(4.5) (3.1) (3.2) (3.4) (2.0)

394 399 480 500 559

(4.9) (2.6) (3.4) (3.2) (2.0)

413 437 488 469 587

(4.6) (3.1) (3.7) (3.5) (2.1)

418 404 492 490 573

(4.0) (2.6) (3.3) (3.0) (1.9)

37 24 33 54 6

(1.1) (1.2) (1.4) (1.4) (0.7)

435 420 498 484 565

(4.3) (3.8) (3.9) (3.8) (10.1)

48 52 55 40 36

(0.8) (0.9) (1.3) (1.1) (1.5)

406 414 505 487 566

(5.3) (2.8) (4.1) (3.6) (2.8)

15 25 12 7 58

(0.8) (1.1) (0.9) (0.7) (1.9)

391 403 479 471 576

(7.3) (3.4) (6.3) (8.0) (2.1)

Jordan....................................................... Korea, Republic of15 ................................. Latvia ........................................................ Lebanon.................................................... Lithuania13 ................................................

424 589 508 433 502

(4.1) (2.2) (3.2) (3.1) (2.5)

413 586 507 430 500

(4.4) (2.1) (3.2) (3.3) (2.7)

434 597 508 448 501

(4.4) (2.2) (3.2) (3.1) (2.4)

418 577 500 430 492

(4.4) (2.0) (3.0) (3.7) (3.0)

446 598 515 459 506

(4.0) (2.6) (3.3) (3.0) (2.5)

430 569 506 394 502

(3.5) (2.0) (3.8) (4.0) (2.5)

25 11 33 42 32

(0.8) (1.0) (1.3) (1.7) (1.4)

425 582 502 436 493

(4.7) (4.3) (4.7) (3.5) (3.1)

64 46 61 52 63

(1.1) (1.6) (1.3) (1.7) (1.3)

437 592 516 437 509

(4.1) (2.6) (3.0) (3.5) (3.0)

11 43 6 5 5

(0.9) (2.0) (0.7) (0.6) (0.8)

411 590 508 412 490

(4.9) (2.8) (9.3) (7.6) (8.7)

Macedonia, Republic of14 ......................... Malaysia.................................................... Moldova .................................................... Morocco13,16,17 ......................................... Netherlands11 ...........................................

435 508 460 387 536

(3.5) (4.1) (4.0) (2.5) (3.8)

438 524 463 384 539

(3.5) (4.0) (3.8) (2.7) (3.6)

442 495 464 400 514

(3.6) (3.9) (4.2) (2.8) (4.0)

434 504 468 376 549

(3.6) (4.5) (4.0) (3.4) (3.7)

442 495 463 415 513

(3.7) (4.8) (4.7) (2.3) (4.1)

419 505 428 374 560

(3.6) (3.2) (3.4) (2.5) (3.1)

26 33 38 34 19

(1.1) (1.3) (1.4) (1.5) (1.3)

440 515 472 390 540

(4.5) (4.4) (4.3) (4.5) (5.2)

61 56 57 52 62

(1.3) (1.1) (1.3) (1.1) (1.4)

444 510 458 392 542

(3.9) (4.5) (4.6) (3.2) (4.4)

13 11 5 14 19

(1.3) (0.8) (0.5) (1.0) (1.7)

439 485 437 380 518

(6.0) (5.9) (8.3) (4.8) (6.5)

New Zealand............................................. Norway...................................................... Palestinian National Authority................... Philippines ................................................ Romania ...................................................

494 461 390 378 475

(5.3) (2.5) (3.1) (5.2) (4.8)

481 456 385 393 474

(6.0) (2.3) (3.6) (5.1) (4.9)

490 428 392 400 480

(5.2) (2.7) (3.5) (5.2) (4.7)

500 481 386 372 485

(4.8) (2.9) (2.8) (4.8) (4.7)

488 461 423 344 476

(4.6) (2.8) (3.1) (5.3) (4.9)

526 498 390 390 445

(5.1) (2.5) (2.8) (4.5) (4.6)

14 26 27 24 68

(1.1) (1.3) (1.1) (0.9) (1.6)

488 454 393 390 492

(5.1) (4.0) (3.5) (5.4) (4.5)

49 52 65 54 28

(1.8) (1.3) (1.1) (1.0) (1.4)

505 466 398 382 451

(6.0) (2.5) (3.5) (5.5) (6.4)

37 22 8 22 3

(2.1) (1.3) (0.6) (1.2) (0.4)

492 472 371 361 437

(7.2) (3.5) (6.6) (6.6) (13.0)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 647

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

International average .................... Armenia .................................................... Australia.................................................... Bahrain ..................................................... Belgium (Flemish)..................................... Botswana ..................................................

Average score by content area

Country

High TMH6

Mathematics overall

1 Russian Federation................................... Saudi Arabia ............................................. Scotland11 ................................................ Serbia13 .................................................... Singapore ................................................. Slovak Republic ........................................ Slovenia .................................................... South Africa .............................................. Sweden..................................................... Tunisia....................................................... United States16 .........................................

Number1

2 508 332 498 477 605 508 493 264 499 410 504

(3.7) (4.6) (3.7) (2.6) (3.6) (3.3) (2.2) (5.5) (2.6) (2.2) (3.3)

Index of time students spend doing mathematics homework (TMH) in a normal school week

Algebra2

3 505 307 484 477 618 514 498 274 496 419 508

(4.0) (5.3) (4.2) (2.8) (3.5) (3.3) (2.0) (5.4) (2.6) (2.3) (3.4)

Measurement3

4 516 331 488 488 590 505 487 275 480 405 510

(3.2) (4.7) (3.9) (2.5) (3.5) (3.3) (2.3) (5.1) (3.0) (2.4) (3.1)

Geometry4

5 507 338 508 475 611 508 496 298 512 407 495

(3.9) (3.4) (3.6) (2.5) (3.6) (3.7) (2.3) (4.7) (2.6) (2.2) (3.2)

Data5

6 515 382 491 471 580 501 483 247 467 427 472

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1 Topic includes whole numbers; fractions and decimals; integers; and ratio, proportion, and percent. 2Topic includes patterns, algebraic expressions, equations and formulas, and relationships. 3Topic includes attributes and units and tools, techniques, and formulas. 4 Topic includes lines and angles, two- and three-dimensional shapes, congruence and similarity, locations and spatial relationships, and symmetry and transformations. 5 Topic includes data collection and organization, data representation, data interpretation, and uncertainty and probability. 6 High level indicates more than 30 minutes of mathematics homework assigned 3–4 times a week. 7Medium level includes all possible combinations of responses not included in the high or low level categories (see below for details on the low level). 8 Low level indicates no more than 30 minutes of mathematics homework assigned no more than twice a week. 9The international average of 467 may sometimes appear as 466. In that case, the TIMSS 2003 average for eighth-graders published in the National Center for Education Statistics report reflects the deletion of England from the average.

(4.2) (4.3) (3.3) (3.0) (3.7) (3.6) (2.5) (5.4) (3.4) (2.0) (3.1)

Percent

7 484 339 531 456 579 495 494 296 539 387 527 10Did

(3.2) (3.8) (3.7) (2.6) (3.2) (2.9) (2.3) (5.3) (3.0) (2.2) (3.2)

Medium TMH7 Mean score

8 53 15 8 25 38 11 25 21 4 39 31

(1.2) (1.0) (0.8) (1.3) (1.1) (0.9) (1.1) (0.8) (0.5) (1.1) (1.0)

Percent

9 509 315 493 466 621 495 482 275 453 410 518

(4.4) (8.1) (5.8) (4.1) (3.1) (6.4) (2.9) (8.1) (7.0) (2.7) (4.1)

Mean score

10 45 62 46 54 51 81 71 58 38 50 60

(1.2) (1.6) (2.1) (1.2) (0.9) (1.4) (1.2) (0.8) (1.4) (1.1) (0.9)

Low TMH8 Percent

11 511 335 507 481 604 511 500 270 494 414 506

(3.4) (4.6) (4.5) (3.5) (3.8) (3.4) (2.5) (6.3) (3.5) (2.2) (3.2)

Mean score

12 2 23 46 20 11 8 4 20 58 11 9

(0.2) (1.6) (2.5) (1.7) (0.8) (1.3) (0.8) (1.0) (1.5) (0.9) (0.9)

13 ‡ 345 496 497 566 500 463 260 509 414 461

(†) (5.7) (4.1) (3.5) (7.8) (7.7) (8.8) (5.4) (2.7) (4.3) (6.3)

not satisfy guidelines for sample participation rates. guidelines for sample participation rates only after replacement schools were included. 12 SAR=Special Administrative Region. 13National Desired Population does not cover all of International Desired Population. 14National Defined Population covers less than 90 percent of National Desired Population. 15 Korea tested the same cohort of students as other countries, but later in 2003, at the beginning of the next school year. 16Nearly satisfied guidelines for sample participation rates only after replacement schools were included. 17 Response rate for the TMH index was at least 70 but less than 85 percent of the students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. NOTE: TMH index data are provided by students. Data are for eighth grade or equivalent in most countries. Possible scores range from 1 to 1,000. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2003, TIMSS 2003 International Mathematics Report, by Ina V. S. Mullis et al. (This table was prepared April 2005.) 11Met

648 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 394. Average eighth-grade mathematics scores, by content areas, index of time students spend doing mathematics homework in a normal school week, and country: 2003—Continued

_

Table 395. Percentage of lesson time spent on various mathematics activities, yearly mathematics instructional time, and mathematics instructional time as a percentage of total instructional time in eighth grade, by country: 2003 Percentage of time in mathematics lessons students spend on various activities in a typical week

Country

Reviewing homework

Listening to lecturestyle presentations

2

3

1 International average...........

Working Working problems on problems with their own without teacher's guidance teacher's guidance 4

Listening to teachers reteach and clarify content/procedures

Taking tests and quizzes

Participating in classroom management tasks not related to the lesson’s content/purpose

6

7

8

5

Other student activities 9

Students’ average yearly Mathematics mathematics instructional time instructional as a percent of time, in hours total instructional time 10

11

(0.1)

19

(0.1)

22

(0.2)

18

(0.2)

11

(0.1)

10

(0.1)

5

(0.1)

4

(0.1)

123

(0.4)

12

(#)

1

10 8 13 7 1 13

(0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (0.4) (0.9)

1

14 15 24 14 1 16

(0.8) (0.8) (0.9) (1.0) (1.1)

1

26 23 17 26 1 19

(1.1) (1.2) (0.5) (1.0) (1.1)

1

19 28 12 20 1 21

(0.9) (1.2) (0.5) (0.9) (1.2)

1

13 9 12 16 1 11

(0.6) (0.4) (0.3) (0.8) (0.8)

1

11 7 13 11 1 10

(0.6) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4) (0.7)

1

4 7 6 4 1 6

(0.3) (0.6) (0.5) (0.3) (0.5)

1

4 3 6 2 1 5

(0.3) (0.4) (0.3) (0.2) (0.4)

‡ 1 136 142 2 123 ‡

(†) (2.9) (0.8) (2.2) (†)

‡ 1 13 16 13 ‡

(†) (0.3) (0.1) (0.3) (†)

Bulgaria ..................................... Chile .......................................... Chinese Taipei ........................... Cyprus ....................................... Egypt..........................................

10 10 12 1 22 11

(0.6) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4) (0.4)

18 18 42 1 16 18

(1.3) (0.8) (1.3) (0.5) (1.0)

26 21 13 1 20 17

(1.0) (0.9) (0.6) (0.5) (0.8)

16 18 7 1 14 15

(0.8) (0.8) (0.5) (0.4) (0.7)

17 14 9 1 12 15

(0.9) (0.7) (0.4) (0.4) (0.8)

8 11 10 1 10 11

(0.5) (0.5) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4)

3 6 4 15 6

(0.4) (0.4) (0.3) (0.2) (0.3)

2 3 3 12 7

(0.3) (0.3) (0.3) (0.2) (0.4)

96 160 141 2 75 ‡

(1.7) (4.1) (2.0) (0.4) (†)

1 11 1 14

13 8 ‡

(0.2) (0.4) (0.2) (0.1) (†)

England3 .................................... Estonia....................................... Ghana........................................ Hong Kong, SAR4,5 ................... Hungary.....................................

2

‡ 10 1 11 8 12

(†) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4)

2

‡ 12 1 16 36 13

(†) (0.6) (0.9) (1.5) (0.7)

2

‡ 25 1 20 18 25

(†) (1.0) (0.8) (0.7) (0.9)

2

‡ 25 1 18 16 25

(†) (0.8) (0.7) (0.8) (1.0)

2

‡ 11 1 12 9 10

(†) (0.5) (0.7) (0.7) (0.4)

2

‡ 13 1 12 6 10

(†) (0.6) (0.4) (0.3) (0.4)

2

‡ 3 17 4 3

(†) (0.3) (0.4) (0.5) (0.3)

2

‡ 2 6 4 3

(†) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3)

‡ 125 ‡ 2 145 2 112

(†) (1.2) (†) (5.2) (2.0)

‡ 12 ‡ 15 11

(†) (0.2) (†) (0.5) (0.2)

Indonesia6 ................................. Iran, Islamic Republic of ............ Israel7 ........................................ Italy ............................................ Japan.........................................

1

12 12 1 14 15 7

(0.5) (0.6) (0.6) (0.6) (0.6)

1

25 17 1 15 22 29

(1.1) (0.8) (0.8) (0.6) (1.3)

1

20 18 1 22 19 28

(0.9) (0.7) (0.7) (0.6) (1.1)

1

14 14 1 21 13 11

(0.9) (0.7) (0.8) (0.6) (1.0)

1

12 15 1 11 13 15

(0.5) (0.7) (0.4) (0.4) (0.9)

1

12 11 1 10 11 6

(0.7) (0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (0.4)

1

3 6 1 5 4 2

(0.4) (0.3) (0.5) (0.3) (0.2)

3 6 1 3 2 2

(0.5) (0.6) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4)

2 2

169 115 ‡ 1 132 107

(4.4) (3.5) (†) (1.7) (2.6)

13 12 ‡ 1 13 10

(0.4) (0.4) (†) (0.2) (0.2)

Jordan........................................ Korea, Republic of8 .................... Latvia ......................................... Lebanon..................................... Lithuania6 ..................................

15 6 8 2 24 9

(0.7) (0.3) (0.6) (1.6) (0.5)

2 30 1 12 2 17

23

2 19 1 25 2 23

17

13

11

9

6 5 2 4 1

(0.4) (0.3) (0.2) (0.4) (0.2)

2 1 2

14

(0.4) (0.4) (0.7) (0.6) (0.6)

2 1 2

11

(0.5) (0.4) (0.6) (0.6) (0.7)

2 8 1 15 2 11

26

(0.8) (0.7) (0.9) (0.8) (0.9)

2 9 1 11 2 10

30

(0.8) (0.6) (1.1) (1.1) (1.2)

2 20 1 22 28

7

(1.0) (1.2) (0.7) (0.9) (0.6)

6 3 4 4 2

(0.5) (0.5) (0.4) (0.4) (0.2)

110 109 122 ‡ 1 122

(0.9) (1.2) (1.4) (†) (0.9)

12 9 13 ‡ 11

(0.2) (0.1) (0.3) (†) (0.2)

Macedonia, Republic of7............ Malaysia..................................... Moldova ..................................... Morocco6,9 ................................. Netherlands4..............................

7 13 29 ‡ 15

(0.3) (0.7) (0.6) (†) (1.1)

37 21 2 15 ‡ 13

(1.1) (1.0) (1.0) (†) (0.7)

19 21 2 23 ‡ 21

(0.7) (0.9) (1.0) (†) (2.0)

15 16 2 18 ‡ 28

(0.7) (0.8) (0.9) (†) (2.5)

6 9 2 11 ‡ 7

(0.4) (0.5) (0.8) (†) (0.5)

8 8 2 14 ‡ 8

(0.4) (0.4) (0.8) (†) (0.5)

3 6 24 ‡ 5

(0.3) (0.4) (0.7) (†) (0.5)

4 6 25 ‡ 4

(0.3) (0.4) (0.6) (†) (0.4)

80 120 ‡ ‡ 2 94

(1.2) (1.4) (†) (†) (1.4)

9 12 ‡ ‡ 9

(0.2) (0.1) (†) (†) (0.1)

7 8 13 1 9 9

(0.4) (0.4) (0.6) (0.4) (0.4)

1 23 1

17 19

(0.8) (0.6) (1.0) (0.9) (0.8)

1 18 1

24 26

(1.1) (1.2) (0.8) (0.8) (1.0)

1 16 1

23 25

9 10

1 11 1

11 10

(0.4) (0.4) (0.5) (0.5) (0.4)

1

15 15

(1.3) (1.5) (0.9) (1.0) (0.7)

8 6 9 1 16 9

(0.4) (0.3) (0.3) (0.7) (0.5)

1 1

7 4 6 7 3

(0.5) (0.3) (0.3) (0.3) (0.3)

1 1

4 3 6 6 2

(0.5) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.2)

136 114 127 193 1 120

(1.7) (2.3) (2.3) (3.6) (2.1)

14 13 14 17 1 13

(0.2) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3)

11 15 1 8 7 11

(0.2) (1.0) (0.3) (0.4) (0.4)

(0.7) (1.0) (1.3) (1.2) (0.6)

18 8 1 22 20 15

(0.7) (0.7) (1.5) (1.2) (0.5)

8 23 1 8 9 9

(0.4) (2.2) (0.5) (0.5) (0.3)

18 12 1 4 7 8

(0.5) (1.0) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3)

1 6 6 3 6

(0.2) (0.4) (0.5) (0.3) (0.4)

3 7 3 5 4

(0.3) (0.8) (0.5) (0.5) (0.4)

1 2 2 2

(2.1) (1.0) (2.2) (1.5) (1.6)

1 15

(0.3) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2)

New Zealand.............................. Norway....................................... Palestinian National Authority.... Philippines ................................. Romania .................................... Russian Federation.................... Saudi Arabia .............................. Scotland4 ................................... Serbia6 ....................................... Singapore .................................. See notes at end of table.

2 1

1

1

20 24 20

1 16 1

22 25 27

(0.7) (1.6) (0.7) (1.4) (0.7)

16 29 20

1 13 1

26 23 19

1

1

1

1 1

1

1

1 1

1 1

2 2

1

2

128 110 142 107 114

11 14 13 13

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 649

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

11

Armenia ..................................... Australia..................................... Bahrain ...................................... Belgium (Flemish)...................... Botswana ...................................

Percentage of time in mathematics lessons students spend on various activities in a typical week

Country

Reviewing homework

Listening to lecturestyle presentations

2

3

1 Slovak Republic ......................... Slovenia ..................................... South Africa ............................... Sweden...................................... Tunisia........................................ United States9 ...........................

8 11 15 4 1 18 13 2

(0.3) (0.4) (0.9) (0.4) (0.9) (0.5)

17 21 13 11 1 14 18 2

(0.7) (0.8) (0.7) (0.6) (1.0) (0.7)

Working Working problems on their own without problems with teacher's guidance teacher's guidance 4 27 24 19 37 1 17 21 2

(0.9) (0.7) (0.9) (1.8) (0.9) (0.6)

Listening to teachers reteach and clarify content/procedures

Taking tests and quizzes

Participating in classroom management tasks not related to the lesson’s content/purpose

6

7

8

5 17 22 18 28 1 18 18 2

(0.7) (0.9) (0.9) (1.8) (0.9) (0.6)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Data available for at least 70 but less than 85 percent of students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. 2Data available for at least 50 but less than 70 percent of students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. 3 Did not satisfy guidelines for sample participation rates. 4Met guidelines for sample participation rates only after replacement schools were included. 5SAR=Special Administrative Region. 6 National Desired Population does not cover all of International Desired Population.

13 10 11 9 1 14 11 2

(0.5) (0.6) (0.6) (0.3) (0.8) (0.3) 7National

12 6 12 6 1 13 11 2

(0.4) (0.3) (0.6) (0.3) (0.7) (0.4)

3 2 7 3 14 5 2

(0.3) (0.2) (0.4) (0.3) (0.4) (0.3)

Other student activities 9 3 4 5 3 14 4 2

(0.3) (0.4) (0.4) (0.4) (0.5) (0.4)

Students’ average yearly Mathematics mathematics instructional time instructional as a percent of time, in hours total instructional time 10 1

126 116 ‡ 1 91 ‡ 2 135

(1.9) (1.3) (†) (1.6) (†) (2.2)

11 1 14

11 ‡ 1 10 ‡ 13

(0.3) (0.1) (†) (0.2) (†) (0.2)

Defined Population covers less than 90 percent of National Desired Population. tested the same cohort of students as other countries, but later in 2003, at the beginning of the next school year. 9Nearly satisfied guidelines for sample participation rates only after replacement schools were included. NOTE: Percentage of time in mathematics lessons students spend on various activities in a typical week provided by teachers. Mathematics instructional time provided by teachers and total instructional time provided by schools. Data are for eighth grade or equivalent in most countries. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2003, TIMSS 2003 International Mathematics Report, by Ina V. S. Mullis et al. (This table was prepared April 2005.) 8Korea

650 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 395. Percentage of lesson time spent on various mathematics activities, yearly mathematics instructional time, and mathematics instructional time as a percentage of total instructional time in eighth grade, by country: 2003—Continued

_

Table 396. Average size and scores of eighth-grade mathematics classes and Index of Teachers’ Emphasis on Mathematics Homework (EMH), by country: 2003 Index of Teachers' Emphasis on Mathematics Homework (EMH)1

Percentage distribution and mean scores of mathematics classes, by average class size

Country

Overall average class size

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

1 International average...............

1 to 24 students

25 to 32 students

33 to 40 students

High EMH2

41 or more students

(0.1)

29

(0.5)

461

(1.9)

35

(0.5)

473

(1.4)

24

(0.5)

470

(2.1)

13

(0.3)

448

(1.7)

27 26 32 20 37

(0.9) (0.5) (0.1) (0.3) (0.4)

39 31 6 90 1

(4.4) (4.2) (0.7) (2.3) (0.7)

474 482 451 538 ‡

(5.6) (9.4) (5.8) (3.3) (†)

43 65 52 10 14

(4.3) (4.7) (2.7) (2.3) (2.6)

485 (5.0) 518 (5.9) 402 (2.1) 553 (10.5) 392 (9.1)

7 4 40 # 60

(1.8) (2.2) (2.6) (†) (4.3)

460 (9.9) 492 (14.2) 395 (3.5) ‡ (†) 360 (3.7)

11 # 3 # 25

(2.8) (†) (0.0) (†) (4.1)

462 ‡ 412 ‡ 362

(8.4) (†) (3.8) (†) (4.1)

Bulgaria ......................................... Chile .............................................. Chinese Taipei ............................... Cyprus ........................................... Egypt..............................................

22 35 37 26 38

(0.5) (0.4) (0.4) (0.1) (0.6)

64 9 4 21 3

(4.2) (1.5) (1.5) (1.9) (1.2)

468 (4.9) 385 (17.0) 598 (28.9) 463 (3.2) 422 (13.8)

32 22 14 79 9

(3.9) (2.6) (2.8) (1.9) (2.1)

503 (8.0) 384 (8.1) 567 (11.5) 460 (2.0) 428 (11.3)

3 47 65 # 61

(2.4) (3.6) (4.0) (†) (4.1)

423 390 575 ‡ 403

(5.0) (5.7) (4.7) (†) (4.3)

1 23 17 # 27

(0.0) (3.0) (3.2) (†) (3.7)

‡ 389 636 ‡ 407

England7 ........................................ Estonia........................................... Ghana............................................ Hong Kong, SAR9,10 ...................... Hungary.........................................

8

‡ 27 5 37 39 22

(†) (0.5) (1.0) (0.3) (0.4)

‡ 32 16 3 64

(†) (3.4) (2.7) (1.1) (3.9)

‡ (†) 523 (5.1) 232 (7.4) 504 (28.1) 522 (4.2)

‡ 41 18 6 35

(†) (4.2) (3.1) (1.6) (4.0)

‡ (†) 530 (4.3) 249 (8.9) 513 (21.3) 540 (6.5)

‡ 27 29 49 2

(†) (3.8) (4.0) (4.1) (0.9)

‡ 550 292 575 ‡

(†) (5.4) (9.0) (5.7) (†)

‡ # 37 43 #

(†) (†) (4.7) (4.1) (†)

‡ ‡ 289 612 ‡

Indonesia11 .................................... Iran, Islamic Rebuplic of ................ Israel12 ........................................... Italy ................................................ Japan.............................................

40 29 5 34 22 35

(0.5) (0.4) (0.4) (0.3) (0.2)

3 23 9 78 3

(1.7) (2.9) (2.2) (3.1) (1.2)

413 (8.6) 397 (5.7) 512 (18.3) 483 (3.4) 561 (6.1)

10 50 23 22 18

(2.8) (4.0) (3.7) (3.1) (2.6)

366 (20.0) 413 (4.5) 500 (9.2) 488 (8.3) 557 (4.5)

38 25 64 # 78

(4.1) (3.3) (4.5) (†) (2.6)

413 420 490 ‡ 571

(8.3) (6.0) (4.9) (†) (2.7)

48 3 4 # 1

35

24 29 25

(0.7) (0.4) (0.7) (0.9) (0.3)

14 1 52 32 39

(2.8) (0.9) (3.5) (3.9) (3.2)

430 ‡ 497 429 486

(9.4) (†) (4.4) (6.0) (4.2)

26 20 42 44 61

(3.6) (3.0) (3.4) (4.8) (3.2)

424 (13.3) 569 (4.6) 519 (5.5) 429 (5.1) 510 (3.0)

32 57 3 16 #

(4.4) (4.6) (1.0) (3.1) (†)

417 (5.9) 594 (2.9) 527 (20.3) 443 (10.4) ‡ (†)

28 37 24 ‡ 26

(0.4) (0.4) (0.5) (†) (0.3)

24 1 56 ‡ 33

(3.5) (0.7) (4.5) (†) (3.9)

439 ‡ 449 ‡ 514

(9.2) (†) (6.0) (†) (9.4)

58 18 38 ‡ 66

(4.3) (3.3) (4.6) (†) (4.1)

435 (5.9) 514 (11.0) 460 (7.0) ‡ (†) 546 (5.8)

17 56 5 ‡ 1

(3.6) (4.4) (2.5) (†) (1.0)

New Zealand.................................. Norway........................................... Palestinian National Authority........ Philippines ..................................... Romania ........................................

27 25 39 54 24

(0.4) (0.3) (0.6) (0.7) (0.5)

22 34 6 1 51

(3.0) (3.8) (2.0) (0.6) (4.5)

469 (8.9) 467 (4.3) 398 (20.0) ‡ (†) 469 (6.7)

72 65 17 1 46

(4.1) (3.6) (2.8) (0.7) (4.5)

500 460 393 ‡ 480

(5.7) (3.5) (7.4) (†) (7.4)

6 1 27 7 3

Russian Federation........................ Saudi Arabia .................................. Scotland9 ....................................... Serbia11 ......................................... Singapore ......................................

24 28 5 27 26 38

(0.6) (0.9) (0.5) (0.4) (0.2)

47 36 33 38 2

(4.2) (5.3) (3.9) (3.7) (0.6)

500 333 457 464 ‡

47 26 56 51 8

(3.6) (4.8) (4.4) (4.0) (1.6)

515 (5.0) 340 (8.1) 520 (6.2) 483 (3.8) 613 (18.0)

6 29 11 11 63

Armenia ......................................... Australia......................................... Bahrain .......................................... Belgium (Flemish).......................... Botswana .......................................

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Jordan............................................ Korea, Republic of13 ...................... Latvia ............................................. Lebanon......................................... Lithuania12 ..................................... Macedonia, Republic of12 .............. Malaysia......................................... Moldova ......................................... Morocco11,15 .................................. Netherlands9..................................

See notes at end of table.

5

8 37

5

(5.1) (7.5) (7.2) (4.4) (†)

Low EMH4 Mean score 16

30

(0.5)

473

(1.4)

51

(0.6)

469

(0.9)

19

(0.4)

453

65 10 15 9 44

(4.6) (3.0) (2.5) (2.5) (4.6)

481 (4.2) 544 (19.7) 389 (6.1) 555 (6.5) 364 (4.0)

31 56 72 30 49

(4.7) (4.1) (3.7) (3.8) (4.5)

474 518 404 555 368

(6.6) (5.9) (2.3) (5.8) (4.0)

4 34 14 60 7

(2.1) (3.8) (3.1) (3.9) (2.5)

467 (11.5) 475 (9.5) 396 (8.7) 529 (5.6) 379 (7.0)

(†) (6.9) (8.7) (†) (7.5)

53 10 29 35 23

(4.2) (2.2) (3.9) (3.1) (3.3)

483 (6.1) 401 (14.9) 602 (8.6) 455 (3.2) 401 (8.6)

38 49 39 65 57

(4.2) (3.6) (3.9) (3.1) (3.8)

467 388 588 462 409

(7.7) (5.1) (6.3) (2.3) (4.8)

9 40 32 # 20

(2.5) (3.3) (3.9) (†) (3.2)

469 (15.6) 383 (5.5) 570 (7.6) ‡ (†) 406 (8.1)

(†) (†) (9.1) (4.7) (†)

6‡

12 48 26 8

(†) (2.3) (5.0) (3.7) (2.0)

‡ 540 271 598 532

(†) (9.9) (7.9) (6.0) (8.9)

‡ 78 37 50 90

(†) (3.2) (5.0) (4.6) (2.2)

‡ 532 275 593 530

(†) (3.3) (7.1) (6.0) (3.5)

‡ 9 15 24 2

(†) (2.5) (3.0) (4.0) (0.9)

‡ (†) 518 (14.1) 284 (10.2) 566 (10.0) ‡ (†)

(4.3) (1.4) (1.7) (†) (1.0)

421 (6.7) 431 (13.7) 531 (4.5) ‡ (†) ‡ (†)

45 63 50 71 7

(3.9) (4.4) (3.8) (3.5) (2.2)

421 (7.4) 417 (3.2) 501 (5.4) 482 (3.2) 583 (23.4)

45 26 44 25 29

(4.4) (4.0) (4.1) (3.2) (3.8)

402 406 500 489 573

(9.4) (7.2) (6.1) (8.4) (6.9)

10 12 6 4 64

(2.6) (2.8) (1.7) (1.5) (3.9)

412 (15.3) 399 (9.3) 438 (17.8) 480 (11.2) 567 (2.5)

28 22 3 8 #

(3.8) (3.5) (1.7) (3.1) (†)

428 (7.4) 600 (7.0) 506 (12.6) 464 (8.7) ‡ (†)

30 9 17 49 13

(3.8) (2.1) (2.9) (4.6) (2.7)

422 (5.5) 582 (10.8) 523 (8.8) 433 (4.6) 512 (7.7)

55 31 75 45 76

(4.4) (3.6) (3.8) (4.4) (3.6)

430 589 505 436 501

(6.3) (4.7) (3.5) (5.8) (3.4)

14 60 9 6 11

(2.8) (3.5) (2.6) (1.9) (2.6)

410 (8.6) 591 (3.5) 500 (11.7) 401 (13.1) 477 (11.3)

429 (13.7) 503 (5.1) 485 (25.2) ‡ (†) ‡ (†)

1 25 1 ‡ #

(1.0) (3.5) (0.6) (†) (†)

‡ 515 ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (8.8) (†) (†) (†)

22 60

7

(3.3) (4.5) (4.8) (6.2) (2.4)

450 (8.1) 508 (5.0) 451 (6.1) 391 (5.9) 550 (15.3)

66 34 52 37 82

(3.9) (4.2) (5.0) (6.4) (3.7)

428 515 463 383 541

(5.2) (8.5) (7.9) (5.2) (4.9)

12 5 5 9 11

(2.6) (1.9) (1.9) (4.1) (3.1)

432 466 468 389 495

(3.2) (0.7) (3.9) (2.0) (1.4)

538 (17.8) ‡ (†) 394 (8.9) 448 (23.4) 534 (34.7)

# 1 50 91 1

(†) (0.7) (3.7) (2.1) (0.0)

‡ ‡ 385 372 ‡

(†) (†) (4.2) (5.4) (†)

7 25 30 24 78

(2.1) (3.4) (4.0) (4.0) (3.3)

479 (15.6) 460 (6.5) 389 (6.4) 358 (10.9) 478 (5.5)

67 46 58 61 21

(4.1) (4.3) (4.3) (4.8) (3.3)

510 (6.6) 465 (3.8) 391 (4.6) 384 (7.1) 463 (10.1)

25 29 12 15 1

(4.2) (4.3) (2.5) (3.7) (0.7)

471 (5.3) 455 (5.0) 388 (14.9) 377 (19.1) ‡ (†)

(3.4) (5.8) (3.4) (2.9) (2.7)

533 (11.0) 330 (5.6) 548 (10.1) 489 (8.2) 606 (5.0)

# 8 1 # 26

(†) (3.0) (0.7) (†) (2.5)

‡ 325 ‡ ‡ 607

(†) (4.1) (†) (†) (5.7)

56 14 3 34 59

(3.5) (3.0) (1.7) (4.1) (2.4)

514 (4.3) 331 (8.9) 549 (10.6) 474 (4.9) 620 (4.2)

43 69 45 45 33

(3.5) (3.9) (4.6) (4.3) (2.5)

499 332 527 481 592

1 17 51 22 8

(0.5) (3.0) (4.5) (3.7) (1.3)

‡ (†) 346 (15.0) 477 (6.2) 470 (5.6) 563 (13.1)

6

14

6 43 14 54

(4.7) (4.6) (5.7) (4.5) (6.6)

(1.7)

(13.8) (10.1) (10.1) (11.1) (14.1)

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 651

30

Medium EMH3

Index of Teachers' Emphasis on Mathematics Homework (EMH)1

Percentage distribution and mean scores of mathematics classes, by average class size

Country

Overall average class size

1 to 24 students

25 to 32 students

33 to 40 students

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

Percent

Mean score

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

(4.6) (4.1) (1.2) (3.6) (1.0) (2.9)

498 (4.7) 491 (3.0) 309 (35.8) 491 (3.3) ‡ (†) 504 (3.9)

(4.7) (4.1) (3.0) (3.7) (3.3) (2.7)

512 (5.4) 500 (4.1) 290 (23.8) 522 (5.5) 404 (3.6) 510 (5.1)

(1.8) (†) (3.7) (1.0) (3.5) (1.2)

543 (19.7) ‡ (†) 265 (11.7) ‡ (†) 412 (3.2) 531 (16.4)

(1.5) (2.9) (3.4) (2.8) (2.5) (2.5)

510 (12.4) 490 (9.2) 266 (9.2) 503 (7.0) 423 (9.1) 531 (8.0)

(2.7) (1.0) (3.3) (3.7) (1.6) (2.2)

492 (6.3) 473 (9.7) 250 (9.1) 494 (4.0) 442 (11.3) 471 (9.5)

1 Slovak Republic ............................. Slovenia ......................................... South Africa ................................... Sweden.......................................... Tunisia............................................ United States15 ..............................

25 22

8 45

21 34

5 24

(0.4) (0.3) (1.3) (0.4) (0.3) (0.4)

42 70 4 71 1 56

53 30 14 27 26 39

5 # 30 1 71 4

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

†Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Index based on teachers’ responses to two questions about how often they usually assign mathematics homework and how many minutes of mathematics homework they usually assign. 2High EMH indicates the assignment of more than 30 minutes of homework in about half of the lessons or more. 3Medium level includes all possible combinations of responses not included in the high or low level categories (see below for details on the low level). 4 Low level indicates no assignment or the assignment of less than 30 minutes of homework in about half the lessons or less. 5 Class size data available for at least 70 but less than 85 percent of students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. 6EMH data available for at least 70 but less than 85 percent of students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. 7Did not satisfy guidelines for sample participation rates.

High EMH2

41 or more students

8Class

# # 52 # 2 1

(†) (†) (4.1) (†) (1.1) (0.7)

‡ ‡ 249 ‡ ‡ ‡

(†) (†) (8.7) (†) (†) (†)

5 13

6 26

17 12 27

Medium EMH3

79 85 54 25 84 62

(2.9) (3.1) (3.9) (3.2) (3.0) (2.9)

511 495 267 506 407 504

Low EMH4

(4.0) (2.5) (9.6) (6.0) (2.2) (3.8)

16 3 20 59 4 11

size data available for at least 50 but less than 70 percent of students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. guidelines for sample participation rates only after replacement schools were included. 10SAR=Special Administrative Region. 11National Desired Population does not cover all of International Desired Population. 12National Defined Population covers less than 90 percent of National Desired Population. 13Korea tested the same cohort of students as other countries, but later in 2003, at the beginning of the next school year. 14EMH data available for at least 50 but less than 70 percent of students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. 15 Nearly satisfied guidelines for sample participation rates only after replacement schools were included. NOTE: Background data provided by teachers. Data are for 8th grade or equivalent in most countries. Possible scores range from 0 to 1000. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2003, TIMSS 2003 International Mathematics Report, by Ina V. S. Mullis et al. (This table was prepared April 2005.) 9Met

652 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 396. Average size and scores of eighth-grade mathematics classes and Index of Teachers’ Emphasis on Mathematics Homework (EMH), by country: 2003—Continued

Table 397. Eighth-grade students’ perceptions about mathematics and hours spent on leisure activities, by country: 2003 Index of students’ self-confidence in learning mathematics (SCM)1 High SCM Country

Percent

1

Medium SCM

Average achievement

2

Percent

3

Low SCM

Average achievement

4

Average hours spent each day2

Percent

5

Average achievement

6

Watching TV or videos

7

Playing computer games

8

Playing or talking with friends

9

Doing jobs at home

10

Playing sports

11

Reading for enjoyment

12

Using the Internet

13

Working at a paid job

14

15

41 50 44 45 38

(1.1) (1.7) (0.9) (0.9) (0.9)

505 542 437 556 390

(4.0) (4.5) (2.0) (3.2) (2.8)

40 31 38 30 45

(1.0) (1.1) (0.9) (0.7) (0.8)

468 483 379 526 361

(3.7) (3.7) (2.4) (3.0) (2.5)

19 19 18 25 17

(0.9) (1.2) (0.6) (0.8) (0.8)

462 451 366 518 352

(4.1) (6.4) (3.2) (3.5) (3.4)

1.8 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.4

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

‡ 0.9 1.2 1.0 0.5

(†) (0.02) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02)

‡ 1.7 1.6 1.9 2.1

(†) (0.04) (0.03) (0.03) (0.04)

‡ 1.0 1.2 0.9 2.3

(†) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.03)

‡ 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5

(†) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02)

‡ 0.7 0.9 0.5 1.8

(†) (0.02) (0.02) (0.01) (0.03)

‡ 1.3 1.4 1.3 0.7

(†) (0.04) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02)

‡ 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.6

(†) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02) (0.03)

Bulgaria .................................. Chile ...................................... Chinese Taipei ....................... Cyprus ................................... Egypt......................................

33 35 26 46 58

(1.3) (0.9) (1.0) (0.8) (1.0)

519 427 661 503 437

(5.5) (3.9) (4.1) (2.0) (3.3)

39 42 30 32 35

(1.4) (0.7) (0.7) (0.8) (0.9)

467 369 593 437 383

(4.2) (3.4) (5.1) (2.2) (3.7)

28 23 44 22 7

(1.2) (0.7) (1.1) (0.7) (0.4)

445 361 534 407 374

(4.8) (3.9) (4.0) (3.6) (5.3)

2.5 2.2 1.7 2.1 0.8

(0.04) (0.02) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02)

1.1 0.7 1.4 1.3 0.7

(0.04) (0.02) (0.04) (0.02) (0.02)

2.6 2.3 1.4 2.1 0.8

(0.05) (0.02) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02)

1.5 1.5 0.7 1.0 1.3

(0.03) (0.02) (0.01) (0.03) (0.03)

1.2 1.8 1.0 1.7 1.1

(0.04) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02)

0.7 0.6 1.0 0.9 1.0

(0.03) (0.01) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)

1.0 0.7 1.4 1.2 0.6

(0.04) (0.02) (0.04) (0.02) (0.02)

0.3 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.6

(0.02) (0.02) (0.01) (0.02) (0.02)

England3 ................................. Estonia................................... Ghana.................................... Hong Kong, SAR4 .................. Hungary.................................

‡ 41 — 30 44

(†) (0.9) (†) (0.9) (1.0)

‡ 569 — 627 574

(†) (3.2) (†) (2.9) (3.3)

‡ 32 — 38 32

(†) (0.7) (†) (0.7) (1.0)

‡ 520 — 581 507

(†) (3.1) (†) (4.1) (3.9)

‡ 28 — 33 24

(†) (0.8) (†) (0.9) (0.8)

‡ 489 — 556 479

(†) (3.5) (†) (4.0) (3.9)

‡ 2.3 0.7 2.3 2.1

(†) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.03)

‡ 1.1 0.6 2.0 1.1

(†) (0.03) (0.02) (0.04) (0.03)

‡ 2.8 1.2 1.6 2.2

(†) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

‡ 1.1 1.5 0.7 1.1

(†) (0.02) (0.03) (0.01) (0.02)

‡ 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.5

(†) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02) (0.03)

‡ 0.7 1.7 1.1 0.8

(†) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02)

‡ 1.5 0.8 2.0 0.6

(†) (0.04) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

‡ 0.4 0.8 0.1 0.2

(†) (0.02) (0.03) (0.01) (0.02)

Indonesia ................................ Iran, Islamic Republic of ........ Israel...................................... Italy ........................................ Japan.....................................

27 35 59 46 17

(1.1) (0.9) (1.2) (0.9) (0.6)

420 447 526 521 634

(6.6) (3.5) (3.5) (3.3) (3.1)

59 49 30 29 38

(0.8) (0.8) (0.9) (0.9) (0.7)

408 399 461 466 580

(4.5) (2.6) (3.8) (3.6) (2.7)

15 16 11 25 45

(0.9) (0.7) (0.7) (1.0) (0.8)

416 377 451 439 538

(4.7) (3.4) (5.7) (3.4) (2.3)

1.5 1.6 2.5 1.8 2.7

(0.03) (0.03) (0.04) (0.03) (0.03)

0.5 0.4 1.9 1.0 0.9

(0.02) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02)

1.3 1.4 2.3 2.6 1.6

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.04)

2.2 1.5 1.4 1.1 0.6

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.01)

1.1 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.3

(0.02) (0.04) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

1.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.9

(0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)

0.3 0.2 1.8 0.6 0.6

(0.02) (0.02) (0.04) (0.02) (0.02)

0.8 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.1

(0.03) (0.05) (0.02) (0.02) (0.01)

Jordan..................................... Korea, Republic of5 ................ Latvia ..................................... Lebanon................................. Lithuania ................................

49 30 34 43 36

(1.2) (0.7) (1.0) (1.4) (1.0)

463 650 555 462 552

(4.7) (2.8) (3.4) (3.6) (3.1)

38 36 33 44 37

(1.0) (0.6) (0.9) (1.1) (0.9)

400 592 499 416 486

(3.7) (2.5) (3.2) (3.1) (2.8)

13 34 33 13 26

(0.7) (0.8) (1.0) (0.7) (0.9)

390 534 473 403 456

(4.4) (2.3) (3.4) (4.4) (2.7)

1.5 1.7 2.4 1.8 2.1

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.04) (0.03)

0.9 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.1

(0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.03)

1.2 1.8 2.8 1.6 2.6

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.04) (0.04)

1.3 0.7 1.6 1.3 1.6

(0.03) (0.01) (0.03) (0.03) (0.04)

1.2 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.1

(0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

0.9 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.6

(0.02) (0.01) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02)

0.6 1.7 0.8 1.0 0.7

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

0.6 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.3

(0.03) (0.01) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02)

Macedonia, Republic of .......... Malaysia................................. Moldova, Republic of ............. Morocco................................. Netherlands ...........................

33 39 30 ‡ 45

(1.0) (1.2) (1.2) (†) (1.4)

482 546 494 ‡ 557

(4.0) (4.2) (5.0) (†) (4.4)

37 45 50 ‡ 33

(1.0) (1.0) (0.9) (†) (1.0)

418 490 451 ‡ 527

(4.7) (3.7) (4.5) (†) (4.7)

31 16 20 ‡ 23

(1.0) (0.7) (1.1) (†) (1.0)

424 471 441 ‡ 511

(3.9) (4.4) (5.3) (†) (4.8)

2.3 2.1 1.9 1.3 2.1

(0.04) (0.04) (0.04) (0.04) (0.05)

1.3 0.8 0.7 2.3 1.2

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.06) (0.04)

2.2 1.5 2.0 1.3 2.0

(0.03) (0.03) (0.04) (0.03) (0.05)

1.6 1.7 2.2 1.8 0.8

(0.03) (0.02) (0.06) (0.03) (0.02)

1.8 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7

(0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.03) (0.04)

1.0 1.2 1.1 ‡ 0.5

(0.02) (0.02) (0.03) (†) (0.02)

0.9 0.6 0.7 ‡ 1.5

(0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (†) (0.04)

0.7 0.3 0.5 ‡ 0.8

(0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (†) (0.05)

New Zealand........................... Norway................................... Palestinian National Authority Philippines ............................. Romania ................................

43 46 43 29 30

(1.4) (1.1) (1.0) (0.7) (1.2)

534 502 428 405 533

(6.4) (2.0) (3.9) (6.1) (4.6)

36 32 41 59 45

(1.1) (0.8) (0.9) (0.7) (1.1)

475 445 370 369 465

(5.4) (2.9) (2.9) (4.8) (4.5)

21 21 16 12 25

(0.9) (0.8) (0.6) (0.5) (0.9)

452 405 355 366 442

(4.1) (3.4) (3.6) (6.5) (5.4)

2.1 2.2 1.2 1.6 2.0

(0.04) (0.03) (0.02) (0.04) (0.04)

1.0 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.9

(0.04) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02) (0.03)

1.8 2.7 1.3 1.7 2.1

(0.05) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

1.0 1.0 1.5 1.9 1.7

(0.02) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.05)

1.5 1.8 1.1 1.4 1.3

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03)

0.7 0.6 1.0 1.2 1.0

(0.03) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.03)

1.3 1.2 0.5 0.5 0.8

(0.04) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.04)

0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.5

(0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.04) (0.04)

Russian Federation................. Saudi Arabia .......................... Scotland................................. Serbia .................................... Singapore ..............................

43 41 52 44 39

(1.1) (1.4) (1.5) (1.1) (0.8)

548 361 524 530 639

(3.0) (4.8) (3.9) (2.8) (3.0)

30 43 32 26 34

(0.8) (1.1) (1.0) (0.7) (0.7)

492 321 477 458 594

(4.1) (5.4) (3.8) (3.2) (3.9)

27 16 15 30 27

(0.8) (0.9) (0.9) (1.1) (0.7)

466 303 456 422 571

(4.6) (5.8) (5.0) (3.4) (4.6)

2.0 1.6 2.2 2.1 2.3

(0.03) (0.05) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02)

1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.4

(0.03) (0.03) (0.04) (0.03) (0.02)

2.5 1.3 2.7 2.1 1.7

(0.04) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02)

1.6 1.5 0.8 1.3 0.7

(0.03) (0.04) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02)

1.3 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.4

(0.02) (0.04) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02)

1.1 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.9

(0.03) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)

0.4 0.8 1.4 0.6 1.6

(0.02) (0.05) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02)

0.2 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.2

(0.02) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 653

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Armenia ................................. Australia................................. Bahrain .................................. Belgium (Flemish).................. Botswana ...............................

Index of students’ self-confidence in learning mathematics (SCM)1 High SCM Country 1 Slovak Republic ...................... Slovenia ................................. South Africa ........................... Sweden.................................. Tunisia.................................... United States .........................

40 40 37 49 44 51

Medium SCM

Percent

Average achievement

2

3

(1.1) (0.9) (0.9) (1.3) (1.0) (0.8)

556 533 300 534 436 534

(3.7) (3.2) (8.3) (2.6) (2.7) (3.3)

35 39 48 36 36 29

Low SCM

Percent

Average achievement

4

5

(1.0) (1.0) (0.9) (0.9) (0.8) (0.6)

487 474 242 477 399 483

Average hours spent each day2

(3.9) (2.5) (3.9) (3.1) (2.5) (3.5)

25 20 15 16 20 20

Percent

Average achievement

Watching TV or videos

Playing computer games

Playing or talking with friends

Doing jobs at home

Playing sports

Reading for enjoyment

Using the Internet

Working at a paid job

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

(1.0) (0.9) (0.8) (0.9) (0.9) (0.6)

462 453 255 446 384 461

(4.1) (2.8) (9.9) (3.4) (2.2) (3.6)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Index based on students’ responses to four statements about mathematics: 1) I usually do well in mathematics; 2) Mathematics is more difficult for me than for many of my classmates; 3) Mathematics is not one of my strengths; 4) I learn things quickly in mathematics. Average is computed across the four items based on a 4-point scale: 1. Agree a lot; 2. Agree a little; 3. Disagree a little; 4. Disagree a lot. Students showing positive attitudes a little or a lot of the time across the four statements were assigned to the high level. Students showing negative attitudes a little or a lot of the time across the four statements were assigned to the low level. Students showing mixed attitudes across the four statements were assigned to the middle level.

2.5 2.2 1.5 2.1 1.4 2.2

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03)

2Number

1.1 1.3 0.7 1.1 0.8 1.1

(0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02)

2.8 2.0 2.0 2.8 1.5 2.4

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03)

1.5 1.2 1.8 1.0 1.9 1.2

(0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02)

1.9 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.8

(0.04) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02)

0.9 0.8 1.6 0.6 1.3 0.7

(0.02) (0.02) (0.03) (0.02) (0.02) (0.01)

0.6 1.1 0.8 1.7 0.7 1.8

(0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.04) (0.02) (0.03)

0.4 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.6

(0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)

of hours based on: No time = 0; Less than 1 hour = 0.5; 1–2 hours = 1.5; More than 2, but less than 4 hours = 3; 4 or more hours = 4.5. Activities are not necessarily exclusive; students may have reported engaging in more than one activity at the same time. 3Did not satisfy guidelines for international participation rates. 4SAR=Special Administrative Region. 5Korea tested the same cohort of students as other countries, but later in 2003, at the beginning of the next school year. NOTE: Data are for eighth grade or equivalent in most countries. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2003, TIMSS 2003 International Mathematics Report, by Ina V. S. Mullis et al. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

654 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 397. Eighth-grade students’ perceptions about mathematics and hours spent on leisure activities, by country: 2003—Continued

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 655

Table 398. Average mathematics scores at the end of secondary school, by sex, average time spent studying mathematics out of school, and country: 1995 Average score in mathematics

Country

Total

1

Males

Amount of daily out-of-school study time in mathematics

Females

Less than 1 hour

One to two hours

Percent

Percent

Mean score

Three or more hours

Mean score

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Australia2 ................................... Austria2 ...................................... Canada2 .................................... Cyprus2...................................... Czech Republic..........................

522 (9.3) 518 (5.3) 519 (2.8) 446 (2.5) 466 (12.3)

540 (10.3) 545 (7.2) 537 (3.8) 454 (4.9) 488 (11.3)

510 (9.3) 503 (5.5) 504 (3.5) 439 (3.7) 443 (16.8)

59 77 56 63 92

(2.2) (1.7) (2.1) (2.1) (1.5)

521 (8.3) 526 (5.8) 539 (5.1) 435 (4.3) 464 (13.8)

36 19 38 29 8

(2.2) (1.6) (1.9) (1.8) (1.4)

557 (10.2) 533 (9.4) 547 (5.0) 471 (4.8) 482 (17.8)

Denmark2 .................................. France2 ...................................... Germany2 .................................. Hungary..................................... Iceland2 .....................................

547 523 495 483 534

(3.3) (5.1) (5.9) (3.2) (2.0)

575 544 509 485 558

(4.0) (5.6) (8.7) (4.9) (3.4)

523 506 480 481 514

(4.0) (5.3) (8.8) (4.8) (2.2)

68 59 — 74 79

(2.0) (2.3) (†) (0.9) (1.1)

571 517 — 480 553

(4.9) (5.1) (†) (3.2) (3.2)

28 35 — 24 19

(1.6) (2.3) (†) (0.8) (1.1)

563 539 — 496 542

Italy2 .......................................... Lithuania2 .................................. Netherlands2.............................. New Zealand.............................. Norway2 .....................................

476 469 560 522 528

(5.5) (6.1) (4.7) (4.5) (4.1)

490 485 585 536 555

(7.4) (7.3) (5.6) (4.9) (5.3)

464 461 533 507 501

(6.0) (7.7) (5.9) (6.2) (4.8)

55 67 82 75 85

(2.6) (1.8) (1.7) (1.4) (1.4)

479 472 606 544 541

(6.3) (5.8) (6.2) (6.1) (5.1)

40 29 16 23 14

Russian Federation2 .................. Slovenia2 ................................... South Africa2 ............................. Sweden...................................... Switzerland ................................ United States2 ...........................

471 512 356 552 540 461

(6.2) (8.3) (8.3) (4.3) (5.8) (3.2)

488 (6.5) 535 (12.7) 365 (9.3) 573 (5.9) 555 (6.4) 466 (4.1)

460 (6.6) 490 (8.0) 348 (10.8) 531 (3.9) 522 (7.4) 456 (3.6)

56 72 33 90 67 76

(2.0) (2.7) (1.8) (0.9) (1.6) (1.5)

463 (5.9) 521 (9.4) 394 (17.1) 579 (5.4) 569 (4.9) 475 (3.8)

33 25 51 9 28 22

—Not available. †Not applicable. #Rounds to zero. 1 Average hours based on: No time = 0; Less than 1 hour =.5; 1–2 hours = 1.5; 3–5 hours = 4; More than 5 hours = 7. 2 Countries did not meet all International Association for the Evaluation of Education Achievement’s sampling specifications.

Percent

Mean score Average hours1

9

10

5 4 7 8 #

(0.8) (0.8) (1.0) (1.3) (†)

534 (13.4) 502 (13.7) 526 (14.6) 451 (9.0) — (†)

1.0 0.6 1.1 1.0 0.4

(0.04) (0.04) (0.05) (0.05) (0.03)

11

(4.7) (6.7) (†) (5.5) (7.0)

4 5 — 2 2

(0.7) (0.7) (†) (0.2) (0.4)

562 (11.9) 505 (14.7) — (†) — (†) — (†)

0.9 1.0 — 0.7 0.7

(0.04) (0.04) (†) (0.02) (0.02)

(2.2) (1.7) (1.6) (1.4) (1.3)

486 (7.2) 480 (5.2) 581 (11.1) 552 (5.9) 558 (9.5)

5 4 1 2 1

(0.9) (0.5) (0.3) (0.3) (0.3)

477 (11.2) 484 (11.5) — (†) — (†) — (†)

1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5

(0.05) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03)

(1.4) (2.6) (1.8) (0.9) (1.3) (1.5)

484 (7.5) 518 (9.5) 375 (10.9) 580 (7.8) 550 (5.6) 486 (5.9)

11 2 17 1 5 2

(1.2) (0.6) (1.2) (0.2) (0.9) (0.2)

494 (8.1) — (†) 344 (7.2) — (†) 522 (10.6) — (†)

1.2 0.7 1.7 0.4 0.9 0.7

(0.06) (0.05) (0.05) (0.02) (0.04) (0.02)

NOTE: End of secondary school is equivalent to 12th grade in the United States and a few other countries, but ranges from 9th to 14th grades among the survey countries. Possible scores range from 1 to 1,000. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Mathematics and Science Achievement in the Final Year of Secondary School: IEA's Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, 1998, by Ina V. S. Mullis et. al. (This table was prepared October 1998.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

656 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

_

Table 399. Average fourth-grade science scores in content areas and average time spent teaching science in school, by country: 2003 Average score by content area Country

Science overall

1

Life science

2

Physical science

3

Earth science

4

5

Armenia ........................................... Australia........................................... Austria ............................................. Belgium (Flemish)............................ Canada ............................................

437 2 521 — 518 —

(4.3) (4.2) (†) (1.8) (†)

435 2 523 — 524 —

(4.4) (3.8) (†) (1.7) (†)

429 2 518 — 507 —

(4.3) (3.9) (†) (2.3) (†)

450 2 518 — 522 —

(3.6) (4.1) (†) (1.7) (†)

Chinese Taipei ................................. Cyprus ............................................. Czech Republic................................ England ........................................... Greece.............................................

551 480 — 2 540 —

(1.7) (2.4) (†) (3.6) (†)

540 482 — 2 532 —

(1.6) (2.1) (†) (3.1) (†)

554 479 — 2 546 —

(2.0) (2.3) (†) (3.2) (†)

559 487 — 2 535 —

(2.6) (2.5) (†) (3.5) (†)

Hong Kong, SAR4 ............................ Hungary........................................... Iceland ............................................. Iran, Islamic Republic of .................. Ireland..............................................

2

542 530 — 414 —

(3.1) (3.0) (†) (4.1) (†)

2

535 536 — 424 —

(2.6) (2.5) (†) (4.6) (†)

2

548 526 — 419 —

(2.7) (2.7) (†) (4.5) (†)

2

536 526 — 428 —

(2.7) (3.7) (†) (3.0) (†)

Israel................................................ Italy .................................................. Japan............................................... Korea, Republic of6 .......................... Kuwait ..............................................

— 516 543 — —

(†) (3.8) (1.5) (†) (†)

— 521 530 — —

(†) (3.5) (1.3) (†) (†)

— 512 557 — —

(†) (3.5) (1.7) (†) (†)

— 519 535 — —

(†) (3.7) (1.9) (†) (†)

Latvia ............................................... Lithuania .......................................... Netherlands ..................................... New Zealand.................................... Norway.............................................

532 512 2 525 520 466

(2.5) (2.6) (2.0) (2.5) (2.6)

531 516 2 547 520 480

(2.3) (2.0) (1.8) (2.3) (2.2)

532 512 2 505 516 456

(2.6) (2.5) (1.9) (2.3) (2.3)

534 503 2 503 522 473

(2.9) (3.2) (2.3) (2.3) (2.8)

Philippines ....................................... Portugal ........................................... Russian Federation.......................... Scotland........................................... Singapore ........................................

332 — 526 2 502 565

(9.4) (†) (5.2) (2.9) (5.5)

330 — 526 2 506 506

(9.0) (†) (4.7) (3.1) (3.1)

343 — 527 2 503 503

(9.6) (†) (5.2) (2.6) (2.6)

324 — 527 2 498 498

(9.2) (†) (6.0) (2.6) (2.6)

Slovenia ........................................... Thailand........................................... Tunisia.............................................. United States ...................................

490 — 314 2 536

(2.5) (†) (5.7) (2.5)

489 — 290 2 537

(2.9) (†) (5.9) (2.2)

497 — 324 2 531

(2.3) (†) (5.3) (2.3)

490 — 336 2 535

(2.7) (†) (4.8) (2.5)

2,7

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Does not meet reporting standards. 1Computed as the ratio of science instructional time to the total instructional time averaged across students. 2 Met guidelines for participation rates only after replacement schools were included. 3Data are available for at least 50 but less than 70 percent of the students. 4 SAR=Special Administrative Region. 5 Data are available for at least 70 but less than 85 percent of the students.

2,7

Average yearly science instructional time in hours

2,7

6Korea

Science instructional time as a percent of total instructional time1

6 (†) (2.6) (†) (†) (†)

‡ 5 — ‡ —

(†) (0.3) (†) (†) (†)

84 46 — ‡ —

(1.0) (1.4) (†) (†) (†)

11 5 — ‡ —

(0.2) (0.2) (†) (†) (†)

77 54 — ‡ —

(5.4) (1.0) (†) (†) (†)

8 6 — ‡ —

(0.5) (0.1) (†) (†) (†)

— 73 81 — —

(†) (2.3) (1.2) (†) (†)

— 8 8 — —

(†) (0.3) (0.2) (†) (†)

‡ 53 3 33 3 65 5 38

(†) (1.6) (1.8) (3.5) (1.8)

‡ 6 3 7 5 4

(†) (0.2) (0.2) (0.4) (0.2)

176 — 3 33 ‡ 64

(3.2) (†) (1.2) (†) (0.6)

16 — 5 ‡ 7

(0.4) (†) (0.2) (†) (0.1)

5 75

(2.2) (†) (†) (3.0)

5

(0.3) (†) (†) (0.3)

3

3 3

5

5

7

‡ 3 45 — ‡ —

— ‡ 5 83

5

5

9 — ‡ 5 8

tested the same cohort of students as other countries, but later in 2003, at the beginning of the next school year. 7 National Desired Population does not cover all of International Desired Population. NOTE: Data are for fourth grade or equivalent in most countries. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2003, TIMSS 2003 International Science Report, by Ina V. S. Mullis et al. (This table was prepared October 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

_

Table 400. Average eighth-grade science scores in content areas and average time spent studying out of school, by country: 2003 Index of time students spend doing science homework (TSH) in a normal school week 1

Average score by content area

High TSH Country

Science overall

1

Life science

2 473

(0.5)

Armenia ........................................... Australia........................................... Bahrain ............................................ Belgium (Flemish)............................ Botswana .........................................

461 527 438 516 365

(3.5) (3.8) (1.8) (2.5) (2.8)

Bulgaria ........................................... Chile ................................................ Chinese Taipei ................................. Cyprus ............................................. England5 ..........................................

479 413 571 441 ‡

(5.2) (2.9) (3.5) (2.0) (†)

Egypt................................................ Estonia............................................. Ghana.............................................. Hong Kong, SAR6,7 ......................... Hungary...........................................

421 552 255 556 543

Indonesia8 ....................................... Iran, Islamic Rebuplic of .................. Israel9 .............................................. Italy .................................................. Japan...............................................

3 474

(0.5)

453 532 2 445 3 526 2 370

(3.3) (3.8) (1.9) (2.4) (2.7)

474 427 3 563 2 437 ‡

(5.2) (2.7) (3.1) (2.2) (†)

(3.9) (2.5) (5.9) (3.0) (2.8)

2

425 547 2 256 3 551 3 536

420 453 10 488 491 552

(4.1) (2.3) (3.1) (3.1) (1.7)

2

Jordan.............................................. Korea, Rep. of11............................... Latvia ............................................... Lebanon........................................... Lithuania8 ........................................

475 558 513 393 519

(3.8) (1.6) (2.9) (4.3) (2.1)

Macedonia9 ..................................... Malaysia........................................... Moldova ........................................... Morocco7,8 ....................................... Netherlands7....................................

449 510 472 10 396 536

New Zealand.................................... Norway............................................. Palestinian National Authority.......... Philippines13 .................................... Romania .......................................... Russian Federation.......................... Saudi Arabia .................................... Scotland7 ......................................... Serbia8 ............................................. Singapore ........................................ See notes at end of table.

Physics

4 474

(0.5)

466 506 2 441 3 503 2 348

(4.2) (3.8) (2.6) (2.0) (3.1)

482 405 3 584 2 443 ‡

(3.7) (2.4) (5.6) (2.9) (2.7)

2

424 447 3 491 3 498 3 549

(3.9) (2.6) (3.0) (3.2) (2.0)

475 558 3 511 2 360 517

(4.0) (1.6) (2.5) (5.0) (2.4)

(3.6) (3.7) (3.4) (2.5) (3.1)

2

448 504 2 466 2 390 3 536

520 494 435 377 470

(5.0) (2.2) (3.2) (5.8) (4.9)

3

514 398 512 468 578

(3.7) (4.0) (3.4) (2.5) (4.3)

Earth science

5

6 (0.5)

460 531 2 440 3 508 2 361

(3.7) (4.2) (2.4) (2.5) (3.1)

2

(5.0) (3.1) (3.3) (1.7) (†)

3

491 435 3 548 2 447 ‡

414 544 2 239 3 555 3 536

(4.1) (2.4) (5.4) (2.8) (2.7)

2

(3.8) (2.7) (3.4) (3.3) (2.1)

2

430 445 3 484 470 3 564

(4.0) (3.0) (2.9) (3.2) (1.9)

478 529 3 514 2 433 3 534

(4.4) (2.5) (3.2) (4.9) (2.3)

2

465 579 3 512 2 419 3 519

(3.8) (1.6) (2.4) (4.0) (2.7)

(3.8) (3.7) (3.7) (2.6) (3.3)

2

467 514 479 2 402 3 514

(3.9) (3.8) (3.9) (2.7) (2.6)

2

458 519 479 2 410 3 538

523 496 2 435 2 387 471

(5.1) (2.5) (3.6) (5.8) (4.8)

3

501 485 2 444 2 342 474

(5.6) (3.0) (3.9) (6.1) (4.9)

3

3

(3.3) (3.9) (3.3) (2.6) (4.0)

3

(4.0) (4.8) (3.2) (3.2) (4.2)

3

2

3

2

3

3

3

514 412 3 512 2 468 3 569 2

(0.5)

479 521 2 443 3 514 2 371

(3.2) (3.7) (2.0) (2.5) (3.2)

2

(5.7) (3.3) (4.0) (2.6) (†)

3

485 401 3 569 2 450 ‡

442 552 2 276 3 542 3 560

(3.8) (2.1) (6.6) (2.6) (3.1)

2

2

391 445 3 499 3 487 3 552

2 3

2

3

2

3

3

3

527 382 3 499 474 3 582 2

Percent

7

474

2

474

Medium TSH Average achievement

8

Percent

9

Low TSH

Average achievement

10

Average achievement

Percent

11

12

13

474

(0.5)

13

(0.2)

458

(1.3)

44

(0.2)

466

(0.9)

43

(0.3)

467

(0.9)

417 536 2 439 3 523 2 381

(4.4) (3.4) (3.1) (2.7) (3.3)

— 9 13 — 14

(†) (0.8) (0.7) (†) (0.7)

— 520 426 — 378

(†) (6.4) (4.1) (†) (6.1)

— 35 56 — 45

(†) (1.6) (1.3) (†) (1.0)

— 530 441 — 368

(†) (3.3) (2.5) (†) (3.2)

— 56 31 — 40

(†) (2.0) (1.4) (†) (1.2)

— 530 445 — 366

(†) (4.4) (2.6) (†) (3.6)

(4.9) (3.1) (3.1) (2.1) (†)

2

464 436 560 2 441 ‡

(5.0) (2.9) (3.1) (2.3) (†)

— —

— — 588 — ‡

(†) (†) (4.6) (†) (†)

— — 581 — ‡

(†) (†) (4.0) (†) (†)

4 51

— ‡

(†) (†) (1.3) (†) (†)

— —

4 37

— ‡

(†) (†) (1.2) (†) (†)

— —

4 12

— ‡

(†) (†) (2.1) (†) (†)

— — 561 — ‡

(†) (†) (3.5) (†) (†)

403 558 2 254 3 549 3 537

(4.4) (2.9) (5.6) (2.9) (3.1)

2

430 540 2 267 3 555 3 528

(4.0) (2.2) (6.2) (2.6) (2.9)

23 — 25 6 —

(0.7) (†) (1.2) (0.5) (†)

416 — 267 548 —

(4.4) (†) (8.5) (4.6) (†)

64 — 54 43 —

(0.8) (†) (1.0) (1.4) (†)

436 — 262 563 —

(4.0) (†) (6.0) (2.9) (†)

13 — 22 50 —

(0.6) (†) (1.0) (1.4) (†)

430 — 258 554 —

(6.6) (†) (8.1) (3.9) (†)

2

431 468 3 485 3 513 3 530

(3.8) (2.9) (3.0) (3.2) (2.1)

2

454 487 486 3 497 3 537

(3.4) (2.1) (2.9) (3.0) (2.0)

— 8 13 14 —

(†) (0.7) (0.9) (1.0) (†)

— 451 480 489 —

(†) (5.6) (4.7) (5.9) (†)

— 42 43 41 —

(†) (1.4) (1.6) (1.1) (†)

— 457 485 487 —

(†) (2.9) (4.3) (3.7) (†)

— 49 44 45 —

(†) (1.7) (2.0) (1.4) (†)

— 452 505 496 —

(†) (2.7) (3.4) (3.7) (†)

472 540 3 514 2 395 3 512

(4.0) (1.9) (2.8) (4.0) (2.7)

3

492 544 508 2 374 3 507

(3.2) (1.4) (3.3) (5.1) (2.0)

19 4 — — —

(0.9) (0.4) (†) (†) (†)

466 549 — — —

(4.2) (6.3) (†) (†) (†)

52 26 — — —

(1.2) (1.7) (†) (†) (†)

478 562 — — —

(3.9) (2.4) (†) (†) (†)

29 70 — — —

(1.5) (2.0) (†) (†) (†)

499 559 — — —

(5.0) (1.9) (†) (†) (†)

(3.1) (3.6) (3.7) (2.7) (3.4)

2

440 502 475 2 397 3 534

(4.3) (3.8) (4.0) (3.4) (3.2)

2

442 513 2 454 2 396 3 539

(3.7) (3.2) (3.8) (3.3) (2.8)

— 20 — 12 14 —

(†) (1.0) (†) (0.7) (†)

— 513 — 12 391 —

(†) (4.4) (†) (5.3) (†)

— 49 — 12 47 —

(†) (0.9) (†) (1.1) (†)

— 510 — 12 396 —

(†) (3.6) (†) (3.4) (†)

— 31 — 12 39 —

(†) (1.3) (†) (1.3) (†)

— 510 — 12 408 —

(†) (4.6) (†) (3.5) (†)

515 488 2 432 2 380 473

(4.7) (2.6) (3.6) (4.7) (4.1)

3

525 517 2 439 2 377 469

(4.8) (2.7) (3.0) (5.7) (5.2)

3

525 496 444 2 403 472

(3.9) (2.2) (3.7) (5.4) (4.7)

10 13 21 17 —

(1.3) (0.8) (1.1) (0.7) (†)

519 485 433 381 —

(6.2) (3.7) (4.4) (7.5) (†)

41 44 56 50 —

(1.6) (1.2) (1.3) (0.8) (†)

531 493 442 379 —

(6.9) (3.1) (3.4) (5.7) (†)

48 43 23 33 —

(2.0) (1.7) (1.3) (1.2) (†)

518 503 441 381 —

(5.1) (2.3) (4.8) (7.2) (†)

3

(3.4) (3.9) (3.0) (2.6) (3.4)

3

(3.3) (4.0) (3.8) (3.0) (3.9)

3

(3.2) (3.8) (3.5) (2.4) (3.8)

— 8 3 — 18

(†) (0.7) (0.4) (†) (0.7)

— 382 487 — 595

(†) (6.0) (14.2) (†) (4.1)

— 61 27 — 48

(†) (1.5) (1.4) (†) (0.7)

— 402 508 — 585

(†) (4.6) (5.0) (†) (4.4)

— 31 71 — 34

(†) (1.7) (1.5) (†) (0.9)

— 403 517 — 564

(†) (4.6) (3.4) (†) (5.5)

3

2

3

2

3

3

3

511 394 3 515 471 3 579 2

3

2

3

2

3

3

3

518 394 3 515 471 3 549 2

3

2

3

3

3 3

3 3

3

3 2

491 410 3 511 2 457 3 568 2

4

4

4

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 657

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

International average.................

Chemistry

Environmental science

Index of time students spend doing science homework (TSH) in a normal school week 1

Average score by content area

High TSH Country

Science overall

1 Slovak Republic ............................... Slovenia ........................................... South Africa ..................................... Sweden............................................ Tunisia.............................................. United States9 .................................

Life science

2 517 520 244 524 404 10 527

(3.2) (1.8) (6.7) (2.7) (2.1) (3.1)

Chemistry

3 3

514 521 2 250 3528 2 417 3 537 3

(2.9) (2.2) (6.0) (2.7) (2.0) (3.0)

Physics

4 3

519 532 2 285 3 526 2 413 3 513 3

(3.6) (2.6) (5.9) (2.6) (2.5) (3.2)

Earth science

5 3

519 509 2 244 3 525 2 386 3 515 3

(2.9) (1.8) (6.2) (2.9) (2.5) (2.9)

Environmental science 7

6 3

523 523 2 247 3 532 2 408 3 532 3

(3.3) (2.2) (6.3) (3.3) (2.0) (2.9)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Index based on students’ reports on the frequency and amount of science homework they are given. High level indicates more than 30 minutes of science homework assigned 3–4 times a week. Low level indicates no more than 30 minutes of science homework no more than twice a week. Medium level includes all other possible combinations of responses. 2Country average significantly lower than international average. 3Country average significantly higher than international average. 4 Students were asked about natural science; data pertain to grade 8 physics/chemistry course. 5Did not satisfy guidelines for sample participation rates. 6SAR=Special Administrative Region. 7 Met guidelines for sample participation rates only after replacement schools were included.

3

509 515 2 261 3 499 2 436 3 533 3

(2.8) (2.2) (6.6) (2.6) (2.2) (2.9)

8National

— — 17 — 9 13

Medium TSH

Percent

Average achievement

8

9

(†) (†) (0.7) (†) (0.6) (0.7)

— — 234 — 398 519

(†) (†) (9.6) (†) (4.0) (4.3)

— — 52 — 35 43

Low TSH

Percent

Average achievement

Percent

Average achievement

10

11

12

13

(†) (†) (0.9) (†) (0.9) (1.4)

— — 246 — 400 530

(†) (†) (7.9) (†) (2.8) (3.4)

— — 32 — 56 45

(†) (†) (0.9) (†) (1.2) (1.7)

— — 263 — 411 531

(†) (†) (7.4) (†) (2.6) (3.7)

Desired Population does not cover all of International Desired Population. Defined Population covers less than 90 percent of National Desired Population. not meet international sampling or other guidelines. 11Korea tested the same cohort of students as other countries, but later in 2003, at the beginning of the next school year. 12Met guidelines for sample participation rates only after replacement schools were included. 13Students study only biology at grade 8. NOTE: Data are for eighth grade or equivalent in most countries. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2003, TIMSS 2003 International Science Report, by Ina V. S. Mullis et al. (This table was prepared October 2005.) 9National 10Did

658 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 400. Average eighth-grade science scores in content areas and average time spent studying out of school, by country: 2003—Continued

_

Table 401. Instructional practices and time spent teaching science in eighth grade, by country: 2003 Percent of students reported doing the same activity about half the lessons or more

Country

Watch the teacher demonstrate an experiment or investigation

Design or plan an Conduct an experiment experiment or investior gation investigation

Work in small groups on an experiment or investigation

Science instructional time as a percent of total instructional time 1

Students’ average yearly instructional time in hours

Write explana- Relate what is being tions about what was learned in observed science to and why it our daily lives happened

General integrated science

Earth science

Chemistry

Biology

Physics

General integrated science

Earth science

Chemistry

Biology

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

International average..............

64 (0.2)

49 (0.2)

57 (0.3)

59 (0.3)

66 (0.2)

57 (0.2)

117 (0.7)

55 (0.6)

61 (0.8)

61 (0.8)

68 (0.6)

12 (0.1)

6 (0.1)

7 (0.1)

6 (0.1)

7

(0.1)

Australia........................................ Bahrain ......................................... Belgium (Flemish)......................... Botswana ...................................... Bulgaria ........................................

54 (1.6) 83 (0.8) — (†) 61 (0.9) — (†)

49 (1.7) 63 (0.8) — (†) 45 (0.8) — (†)

60 (2.2) 64 (0.8) — (†) 48 (1.0) — (†)

68 (2.1) 66 (1.1) — (†) 50 (1.1) — (†)

75 (1.5) 68 (0.9) — (†) 61 (0.9) — (†)

42 (1.1) 64 (0.9) — (†) 71 (0.8) — (†)

2

(†) (†) (2.7) — (†) 3 64 (3.3)

13 (0.4) 14 (0.1) --— (†) ‡ (†) --— (†)

— (†) — (†) 5 (0.3) — (†) 3 6 (0.2)

— (†) — (†) — (†) — (†) 3 8 (0.4)

— (†) — (†) 6 (0.3) — (†) 8 (0.4)

— — 6 — 3 8

(†) (†) (0.3) (†) (0.4)

62 (0.7) 40 (1.0) — (†) ‡ (†) 73 (0.7)

3

— (†) 134 (2.0) 2 52 (0.8) — (†) — (†)

3 11

(0.3) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— (†) — (†) 6 (0.1) — (†) — (†)

— (†) — (†) 4 (0.2) — (†) — (†)

— — — — —

— 12 6 — —

(†) (0.2) (0.1) (†) (†)

‡ (†) ‡ (†) 11 (0.4) — (†) — (†)

5 (0.3) — (†) — (†) 6 (0.2) — (†)

6 (0.4) — (†) — (†) 5 (0.2) — (†)

8 (0.5) — (†) — (†) 6 (0.2) 7 (0.3)

6 — — 5 7

(0.2) (†) (†) (0.2) (0.3)

11 ‡ 7 3 9 15

— — — — —

— — — — —

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— (†) 7 (0.4) — (†) 3 4 (0.4) 3 7 (0.3)

— 6 — 36 3 9

(†) (0.4) (†) (0.1) (0.2)

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— (†) — (†) 7 ‡ (†) 5 (0.2) — (†)

— — 8 ‡ 86 —

(†) (†) (†) (0.2) (†)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 3 7 (0.2) 3 7 (0.2)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 3 4 (0.3) 3 6 (0.1)

— — — 37 3 6

(†) (†) (†) (0.3) (0.1)

1

4

57 (1.3) 48 (1.1) — (†) ‡ (†) 80 (0.7)

56 (1.4) 24 (0.9) — (†) ‡ (†) 61 (1.0)

4

4

54 (1.5) 36 (1.3) — (†) ‡ (†) 62 (1.0)

4

61 (1.4) 37 (1.5) — (†) ‡ (†) 60 (0.8)

4

69 (1.0) 37 (1.1) — (†) ‡ (†) 71 (0.7)

(†) (†) (3.2) — (†) 3 53 (2.2)

— (†) — (†) — (†) — (†) 3 63 (2.9)

2 55

118 (2.2) — (†) — (†) ‡ (†) ‡ (†)

— (†) — (†) 2 53 (0.7) — (†) — (†)

— (†) — (†) 2 34 (1.6) — (†) — (†)

— — — — —

— (†) 75 (1.0) 61 (0.8) — (†) — (†)

‡ (†) ‡ (†) 2 103 (4.0) — (†) — (†)

55 (2.9) — (†) — (†) 2 58 (2.5) — (†)

65 (3.9) — (†) — (†) 2 59 (2.1) — (†)

70 56 35 27 70

(1.0) (1.0) (1.1) (1.1) (1.1)

2

2

Estonia.......................................... Ghana........................................... Hong Kong, SAR6 ......................... Hungary........................................ Indonesia ......................................

— (†) 73 (1.2) 66 (1.2) — (†) — (†)

— (†) 54 (1.3) 35 (1.0) — (†) — (†)

— (†) 55 (1.3) 71 (1.5) — (†) — (†)

— (†) 54 (1.5) 75 (1.2) — (†) — (†)

Iran, Islamic Rebuplic of ............... Israel............................................. Italy ............................................... Japan............................................ Jordan...........................................

87 73 26 66 67

66 56 16 51 56

77 63 13 75 55

73 52 12 79 53

Korea, Rep. of............................... Latvia ............................................ Lebanon........................................ Lithuania ....................................... Macedonia ....................................

31 (1.0) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

14 (0.8) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

20 (1.1) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

39 (1.3) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

44 (1.3) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

36 (0.9) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

Malaysia........................................ Moldova ........................................ Morocco........................................ Netherlands .................................. New Zealand.................................

83 (1.1) — (†) 82 (1.2) — (†) 60 (2.0)

46 (1.3) — (†) 62 (1.3) — (†) 50 (2.1)

71 (1.7) — (†) 3 61 (1.2) — (†) 56 (2.5)

77 (1.3) — (†) 50 (1.3) — (†) 66 (2.3)

73 (1.0) — (†) 74 (1.0) — (†) 73 (1.8)

72 (1.0) — (†) 3 65 (1.2) — (†) 45 (1.3)

Norway.......................................... Palestinian National Authority....... Philipines9 ..................................... Romania ....................................... Russian Federation.......................

40 (1.5) 70 (1.2) 74 (0.9) — (†) — (†)

34 (1.6) 56 (1.2) 58 (1.2) — (†) — (†)

49 (2.2) 57 (1.0) 57 (1.0) — (†) — (†)

49 (2.2) 54 (1.5) 62 (1.1) — (†) — (†)

56 (1.9) 66 (1.2) 72 (1.0) — (†) — (†)

31 (0.9) 69 (0.9) 76 (0.8) — (†) — (†)

See notes at end of table.

(1.0) (1.6) (1.3) (1.5) (1.5)

(1.4) (1.4) (0.9) (1.7) (1.4)

(1.2) (1.6) (0.8) (1.7) (1.7)

(1.5) (1.8) (0.8) (1.6) (1.6)

--— (†) 64 (1.5) 67 (1.2) — (†) — (†)

4

2 52

78 76 32 69 66

(1.0) (1.3) (1.4) (1.5) (1.3)

106 ‡ 69 3 99 135 2

2

(3.7) (†) (1.1) (1.5) (0.8)

— —

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

— —

(†) (†) (3.3) — (†) 2 65 (3.2)

80 (4.8) — (†) — (†) 2 61 (2.8) 2 93 (3.6)

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

103 (2.7) — (†) ‡ (†) — (†) — (†)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 3 59 (0.4) 3 53 (1.4)

— (†) ‡ (†) — (†) 3 65 (1.2) 3 64 (2.5)

119 (1.8) ‡ (†) — (†) — (†) 132 (2.4)

— (†) — (†) 7 — (†) 2 54 (1.7) — (†)

— — 8 — 8— —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

92 (2.5) 101 (1.8) 202 (4.2) — (†) — (†)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 3 60 (1.1) 3 49 (0.7)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 3 67 (2.4) 3 59 (1.2)

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — —

— —

2 58

5

59 (1.8) — (†) — (†) 2 57 (2.5) 2 93 (3.3)

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— (†) 64 (4.2) — (†) 3 46 (3.5) 3 59 (2.0)

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — ‡ ‡

(0.4) (†) (0.1) (0.1) (0.2)

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— (†) 56 (4.1) — (†) 3 60 (0.8) 3 79 (1.5)

9 (0.2) — (†) ‡ (†) — (†) — (†)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 3 6 (0.1) 3 6 (0.2)

— (†) — (†) 7 ‡ (†) 2 58 (1.8) — (†)

— (†) — (†) 8 ‡ (†) 2,8 68 (2.4) — (†)

12 (0.2) ‡ (†) — (†) — (†) 14 (0.3)

— (†) — (†) 7 — (†) 5 (0.1) — (†)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 3 38 (2.6) 3 49 (0.8)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 3 67 (2.4) 3 49 (0.9)

11 (0.3) 11 (0.2) 18 (0.5) — (†) — (†)

— (†) — (†) — (†) 36 (0.2) 3 6 (0.1)

2

2

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— (†) ‡ (†) — (†) 3 6 (0.2) 3 7 (0.3) — — 8 — 8— —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

17

5

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 659

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Chile ............................................. Chinese Taipei .............................. Cyprus .......................................... England ........................................ Egypt.............................................

132 (3.6) 119 (1.1) — (†) ‡ (†) — (†)

Physics

Percent of students reported doing the same activity about half the lessons or more

Country 1

Watch the teacher demonstrate an experiment or investigation

Design or plan an Conduct an experiment experiment or investior gation investigation

Work in small groups on an experiment or investigation

Science instructional time as a percent of total instructional time 1

Students’ average yearly instructional time in hours

Write explana- Relate what is being tions about what was learned in observed science to and why it our daily happened lives

General integrated science

Earth science

Chemistry

Biology

8

9

10

11

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

3

4

5

6

7

Saudi Arabia ................................. Scotland........................................ Serbia ........................................... Singapore ..................................... Slovak Republic ............................

68 (1.3) 69 (1.4) — (†) 49 (0.9) — (†)

50 (1.3) 54 (1.3) — (†) 31 (0.6) — (†)

51 (1.4) 74 (1.4) — (†) 55 (1.0) — (†)

43 (1.4) 81 (1.2) — (†) 57 (0.8) — (†)

60 (1.3) 83 (1.1) — (†) 68 (0.8) — (†)

67 (1.0) 47 (1.0) — (†) 58 (0.7) — (†)

2

Slovenia ........................................ South Africa .................................. Sweden......................................... Tunisia........................................... United States ................................

— (†) 72 (1.1) — (†) 79 (0.7) 57 (1.3)

— (†) 64 (1.2) — (†) 65 (1.0) 48 (1.2)

— (†) 63 (1.1) — (†) 69 (1.0) 55 (1.4)

— (†) 70 (1.1) — (†) 55 (1.2) 65 (1.5)

— (†) 73 (0.7) — (†) 73 (0.8) 65 (1.4)

— (†) 77 (0.7) — (†) 54 (0.9) 51 (0.9)

— (†) ‡ (†) 3 131 (7.6) ‡ (†) 2 135 (2.2)

106 (1.6) ‡ (†) — (†) 107 (1.9) — (†)

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Computed as the relation of science instructional time to the total instructional time averaged across students. 2Data are available for at least 50 but less than 70 percent of the students. 3 Data are available for at least 70 but less than 85 percent of the students. 4Students who reported doing science investigations were asked about natural science; data pertain to grade 8 physics/ chemistry courses for these students as well. 5 Data reported in the physics panel are for grade 8 science and chemistry teachers. 6SAR = Special Administrative Region.

— (†) — (†) 53 (2.2) — (†) 3 66 (3.9) 2

— — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

7Data

— (†) — (†) 61 (3.7) — (†) 3 76 (3.8) 2

59 (1.1) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

— (†) — (†) 53 (1.0) — (†) 3 72 (5.2) 2

56 (0.7) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

Physics

General integrated science

Earth science

Chemistry

Biology

Physics

12

13

14

15

16

17

— (†) — (†) 56 (2.5) — (†) 3 70 (4.5)

11 (†) ‡ (†) — (†) 12 (0.2) — (†)

— (†) — (†) 7 (0.3) — (†) 3 7 (0.4)

— (†) — (†) 8 (0.5) — (†) 3 8 (0.4)

— (†) — (†) 7 (0.1) (†) 3 8 (0.5)

— — 7 — 37

(†) (†) (0.3) (†) (0.4)

— — — — —

6 (0.1) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

5 (0.1) — (†) — (†) — (†) — (†)

3

(0.1) (†) (†) (†) (†)

2

3 57

— — — —

(0.5) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— (†) ‡ (†) 14 (0.8) ‡ (†) 2 13 (0.2)

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

5 — — — —

reported in biology panel are for grade 8 biology/earth science teachers. Data reported in physics panel are for grade 8 physics/chemistry teachers. study only biology at grade 8. NOTE: Data are for eighthgrade or equivalent in most countries. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends In International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2003, TIMSS 2003 International Science Report, by Michael O. Martin et al. (This table was prepared April 2005.) 8

9Students

660 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 401. Instructional practices and time spent teaching science in eighth grade, by country: 2003—Continued

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 661

Table 402. Average science scores at the end of secondary school, by sex, average time spent studying science out of school, and country: 1995 Average score in science

Amount of daily out-of-school study time in science Less than 1 hour

Country

Total

1

Male

Female

Percent

1 to 2 hours

Mean score

Percent

3 or more hours

Mean score

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Australia2 ................................... Austria2 ...................................... Canada2 .................................... Cyprus2...................................... Czech Republic..........................

527 520 532 448 487

(9.8) (5.6) (2.6) (3.0) (8.8)

547 (11.5) 554 (8.7) 550 (3.6) 459 (5.8) 512 (8.8)

513 (9.4) 501 (5.8) 518 (3.8) 439 (3.0) 460 (11.0)

58 87 57 80 84

(1.8) (1.4) (2.1) (1.1) (2.6)

540 (9.5) 529 (6.0) 554 (4.2) 436 (3.7) 520 (11.6)

35 11 35 16 14

(1.7) (1.4) (1.8) (0.9) (2.3)

575 (6.9) 526 (13.8) 567 (6.8) 483 (10.7) 571 (11.5)

Denmark2 .................................. France2 ...................................... Germany2 .................................. Hungary..................................... Iceland2 .....................................

509 487 497 471 549

(3.6) (5.1) (5.1) (3.0) (1.5)

532 508 514 484 572

(5.4) (6.7) (7.9) (4.2) (2.7)

490 468 478 455 530

(4.1) (4.8) (8.5) (4.3) (2.1)

73 59 — 67 87

(1.8) (2.0) (†) (1.2) (1.0)

555 497 — 475 566

(4.7) (5.7) (†) (3.9) (2.5)

25 35 — 27 12

(1.6) (1.8) (†) (0.9) (1.0)

570 525 — 486 575

Italy2 .......................................... Lithuania2 .................................. Netherlands2.............................. New Zealand.............................. Norway2 .....................................

475 461 558 529 544

(5.3) (5.7) (5.3) (5.2) (4.1)

495 481 582 543 574

(6.7) (6.4) (5.7) (7.1) (5.1)

458 450 532 515 513

(5.6) (7.3) (6.2) (5.2) (4.5)

70 69 78 80 74

(2.8) (1.5) (2.8) (1.1) (2.4)

487 465 593 551 592

(6.3) (5.5) (6.4) (6.3) (7.1)

25 26 20 18 23

Russian Federation2 .................. Slovenia2 ................................... South Africa2 ............................. Sweden...................................... Switzerland ................................ United States2 ...........................

481 (5.7) 517 (8.2) 349 (10.5) 559 (4.4) 523 (5.3) 480 (3.3)

463 (6.7) 494 (6.4) 333 (13.0) 534 (3.5) 500 (7.8) 469 (3.9)

61 85 47 81 76 76

(1.6) (2.0) (1.6) (1.9) (2.3) (2.1)

478 (6.0) 528 (8.1) 373 (15.5) 599 (7.4) 564 (6.6) 505 (4.3)

30 13 35 17 21 21

510 (5.7) 541 (12.7) 367 (11.5) 585 (5.9) 540 (6.1) 492 (4.5)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Average hours based on: No time = 0; Less than 1 hour =.5; 1–2 hours = 1.5; 3–5 hours = 4; More than 5 hours = 7. 2Country did not meet all International Association for the Evaluation of Education Achievement’s sampling specifications. NOTE: End of secondary school is equivalent to 12th grade in the United States and a few other countries, but ranges from 9th to 14th grade among the survey countries. Possible

Percent

Average hours1

Mean score

9

10

11

7 1 8 4 3

(1.0) (0.3) (0.9) (0.6) (0.5)

588 — 537 552 583

(33.0) (†) (18.0) (11.8) (13.6)

1.0 0.4 1.1 0.5 0.5

(0.04) (0.03) (0.05) (0.03) (0.05)

(6.1) (7.0) (†) (4.9) (4.6)

3 6 — 6 1

(0.6) (0.8) (†) (0.6) (0.3)

565 (15.0) 515 (9.1) — (†) 497 (11.5) — (†)

0.7 1.0 — 0.9 0.4

(0.03) (0.04) (†) (0.03) (0.01)

(2.5) (1.3) (2.9) (1.1) (2.2)

482 (9.7) 469 (6.5) 605 (16.9) 581 (6.6) 598 (10.8)

5 5 1 3 3

(1.2) (0.6) (0.4) (0.5) (0.7)

462 470 — 553 583

(13.9) (11.4) (†) (15.3) (23.8)

0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7

(0.06) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02) (0.05)

(1.3) (1.9) (1.3) (1.8) (2.3) (2.1)

488 (7.0) 548 (8.9) 367 (12.2) 632 (10.1) 564 (10.9) 517 (5.7)

10 2 18 2 3 2

(0.8) (0.6) (1.4) (0.5) (0.9) (0.4)

501 (8.0) — (†) 326 (7.3) — (†) 508 (29.0) — (†)

1.1 0.5 1.5 0.6 0.7 0.7

(0.04) (0.04) (0.05) (0.03) (0.04) (0.04)

scores range from 1 to 1,000. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Mathematics and Science Achievement in the Final Year of Secondary School: IEA's Third International Mathematics and Science Study, 1998, by Ina V. S. Mullis et al. (This table was prepared October 1998.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

662 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 403. Number of bachelor’s degree recipients per 100 persons of the typical age of graduation, by sex and country: 2002 and 2003 Male and female Country

Male

Female

2002

2003

2002

2003

2002

2

3

4

5

6

7

Australia........................................................................... Austria ............................................................................. Belgium1 .......................................................................... Canada ............................................................................ Czech Republic................................................................

50.7 18.0 19.2 — 15.4

54.8 19.0 — — 17.3

43.0 17.9 18.7 — 14.3

46.7 18.7 — — 15.9

58.8 18.1 19.7 — 16.6

63.4 19.4 — — 18.8

Denmark .......................................................................... Finland............................................................................. France.............................................................................. Germany.......................................................................... Hungary...........................................................................

34.4 51.8 39.0 19.2 31.1

38.6 55.8 41.5 19.5 33.6

23.4 37.7 32.9 19.3 23.2

25.1 40.4 34.9 19.3 24.6

45.7 66.4 45.3 19.1 39.3

52.3 72.2 48.4 19.7 43.2

Iceland ............................................................................. Ireland.............................................................................. Italy .................................................................................. Japan............................................................................... Korea, Republic of ...........................................................

40.0 30.9 22.4 34.1 31.5

44.2 36.8 27.8 34.4 31.7

27.2 25.6 19.2 40.2 31.6

29.4 29.7 24.0 40.1 32.1

53.1 36.2 25.6 27.6 31.3

59.1 44.0 31.6 28.5 31.2

Mexico ............................................................................. Netherlands ..................................................................... New Zealand.................................................................... Norway............................................................................. Portugal ...........................................................................

16.5 38.6 41.6 41.1 —

14.3 42.5 39.0 42.0 —

15.6 34.4 31.8 29.7 —

13.3 36.4 29.1 30.0 —

17.4 42.9 51.3 52.8 —

15.3 48.7 49.1 54.2 —

Spain ............................................................................... Sweden............................................................................ Switzerland ...................................................................... Turkey .............................................................................. United Kingdom ............................................................... United States ...................................................................

33.1 35.2 20.8 — — 36.1

32.0 38.4 20.9 — — 33.4

26.4 26.5 23.3 — — 29.7

25.5 28.6 23.5 — — 27.6

40.0 44.1 18.3 — — 42.9

38.9 48.5 18.4 — — 39.4

1

—Not available. 1Data for Flemish Belgium only. NOTE: The recipients per 100 persons ratio relates the number of people of all ages earning bachelor’s degrees in a particular year to the number of people in the population at the typical age of graduation. The typical age is based on full-time attendance and normal pro-

2003

gression through the education system (without repeating a year, taking a year off, etc.); this age varies across countries because of differences in their education systems. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education Online Database. Retrieved November 1, 2005, from http://stats.oecd.org/WBOS/Default.aspx. (This table was prepared November 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 663

_

Table 404. Percentage of bachelor’s degrees awarded in science, by field and country: Selected years, 1985 through 2003 All science degrees1 Country

Natural sciences2

Mathematics and computer science3

Engineering

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

1985

1990

1995

2000

2003

1985

1990

1995

2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

Australia............................. Austria ............................... Belgium4 ............................ Canada .............................. Czech Republic..................

— 16.8 — 17.1 —

— 19.6 — 16.4 —

19.3 21.1 — 16.7 —

21.1 25.7 — 20.0 29.5

23.7 26.5 24.6 — 30.2

— 5.0 4.6 4.9 —

— 5.3 — 6.0 —

9.9 6.0 — 6.5 —

7.6 5.0 — 8.1 4.2

5.5 5.3 7.0 — 4.7

— 4.1 1.7 4.5 —

— 5.2 — 4.2 —

3.8 5.3 — 3.8 —

5.1 3.4 — 4.3 8.4

10.2 3.4 2.8 — 4.2

— 7.7 — 7.7 —

— 9.0 — 6.2 —

5.6 9.9 — 6.4 —

8.5 17.3 — 7.6 16.9

8.0 17.8 14.9 — 21.4

Denmark ............................ Finland............................... France................................ Germany5 .......................... Hungary.............................

— 39.3 — 23.8 —

— 33.5 — 31.3 —

— 37.2 — 31.6 —

10.5 32.2 30.1 31.7 12.6

11.4 28.8 27.1 30.1 —

6.3 7.7 — 5.0 —

4.4 4.1 — 7.2 —

2.5 4.0 — 6.7 —

6.8 3.9 12.2 6.4 1.1

3.2 2.6 9.0 6.0 —

— 6.3 — 2.3 —

— 5.9 — 3.5 —

— 6.9 — 5.2 —

3.1 3.3 5.5 4.9 1.2

1.1 4.5 4.7 5.8 —

16.2 25.3 — 16.5 —

21.7 23.4 — 20.5 —

17.0 26.3 — 19.7 —

0.6 24.9 12.5 20.3 10.4

7.1 21.8 13.4 18.3 —

Iceland ............................... Ireland................................ Italy .................................... Japan................................. Korea, Republic of .............

— 28.8 19.5 22.7 —

— 34.1 19.7 23.5 —

— 32.3 19.5 22.8 —

16.5 29.3 27.5 18.9 36.9

17.3 27.0 25.6 18.2 37.8

— 12.8 8.1 2.4 —

— 14.1 7.6 2.4 —

— 16.9 6.8 3.4 —

6.0 11.5 5.9 — 6.3

4.7 8.4 5.1 0.0 6.6

— 4.0 3.1 — —

— 6.3 3.9 — —

— 4.7 3.8 — —

4.0 7.2 3.2 — 4.3

6.6 9.6 2.9 0.0 3.9

— 12.0 8.3 20.3 —

— 13.7 8.3 21.0 —

— 10.7 8.9 19.3 —

6.5 10.6 18.4 18.9 26.3

6.1 8.9 17.6 18.2 27.3

Mexico ............................... Netherlands ....................... New Zealand...................... Norway............................... Poland................................

— 21.8 20.5 — —

— 21.1 19.5 12.9 —

— — — 16.8 —

23.0 16.2 17.8 11.6 16.7

28.1 — 20.4 16.5 17.0

— 8.5 11.7 2.5 —

— 7.1 8.2 2.1 —

— — — 3.1 —

2.2 3.2 11.2 0.7 2.7

2.5 — 5.8 0.4 2.6

— 1.2 5.5 1.8 —

— 1.6 5.5 0.6 —

— 1.6 — 0.5 —

6.7 1.9 1.9 3.4 2.0

8.9 — 8.7 6.5 3.0

— 12.1 3.3 — —

— 12.4 5.8 10.2 —

— — 3.2 13.2 —

14.1 11.1 4.7 7.5 12.0

16.8 — 5.8 9.7 11.4

Portugal ............................. Spain ................................. Sweden.............................. Switzerland ........................ Turkey ................................

— 13.9 15.4 20.2 23.0

— 15.0 24.0 23.0 20.6

15.0 18.2 26.4 22.3 20.9

17.5 22.7 27.7 25.1 24.1

18.2 24.7 — 23.9 21.7

6.5 5.5 2.6 10.3 3.6

6.7 5.7 4.1 11.2 4.6

2.2 4.3 3.9 10.4 5.1

1.7 5.3 3.7 6.0 7.4

2.9 4.7 — 5.6 6.4

— 1.3 1.6 2.1 1.6

— 2.6 4.7 3.7 2.1

2.8 4.5 5.5 3.7 2.7

3.6 4.3 3.7 1.8 3.6

2.4 4.6 — 3.6 3.8

— 7.0 11.3 7.9 17.8

10.5 6.7 15.2 8.1 13.8

9.9 9.4 17.0 8.3 13.1

12.2 13.1 20.3 17.3 13.1

12.9 15.4 — 14.7 11.5

United Kingdom ................. United States .....................

— 21.7

— 16.9

— —

28.5 17.1

31.2 17.6

— 6.3

— 5.1

— —

12.5 6.6

13.0 6.0

— 5.5

— 4.0

— 3.3

5.8 3.9

8.5 5.2

— 9.8

— 7.8

— 6.7

10.2 6.6

9.7 6.4

1

—Not available. 1 Includes life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics/statistics, computer science, and engineering. 2Includes life sciences and physical sciences. 3 Includes mathematics/statistics and computer science. 4 Data for Flemish Belgium only. 5 Data for 1985 are for the former West Germany.

2003

NOTE: Data in this table refer to degrees classified by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), level 5A, first award. This level corresponds to the bachelor’s degree in the United States. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education Online Database. Retrieved October 31, 2005, from http://stats.oecd.org/WBOS/Default.aspx. (This table was prepared November 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

All science degrees1 Country

Natural sciences2

Mathematics and computer science3

Engineering

1985

1990

1996

1999

2000

2003

1985

1990

1996

1999

2000

2003

1985

1990

1996

1999

2000

2003

1985

1990

1996

1999

2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Australia................................... Austria ..................................... Belgium4 .................................. Canada .................................... Czech Republic........................

— 43.3 — 19.7 —

— 37.7 — 20.0 —

14.0 38.8 — 22.3 —

17.9 38.4 17.6 23.0 21.3

15.2 39.2 — 22.4 21.0

15.5 35.4 18.8 — 12.4

— 14.2 — 7.5 —

— 12.3 — 7.8 —

5.4 17.5 — 7.7 —

6.3 15.0 7.0 7.9 5.6

4.0 16.7 — 7.4 5.3

3.6 14.9 9.5 — 3.5

— 7.3 — 2.8 —

— 4.6 — 3.4 —

3.8 4.7 — 3.5 —

3.8 3.6 2.4 3.6 6.3

4.9 4.7 — 4.1 7.9

7.2 5.3 4.9 — 2.2

— 21.7 — 9.4 —

— 20.8 — 8.8 —

4.7 16.6 — 11.2 —

7.7 19.8 8.3 11.5 9.3

6.3 17.7 — 10.9 7.7

4.7 15.1 4.4 — 6.7

Denmark .................................. Finland..................................... France...................................... Germany5 ................................ Hungary...................................

16.0 47.6 — 27.7 —

22.2 30.6 — 33.2 —

12.3 28.3 — 38.6 —

— 31.1 21.0 38.9 13.5

30.2 28.7 26.4 38.1 9.9

27.8 28.1 34.4 36.0 7.7

4.1 24.0 — 18.7 —

5.8 14.7 — 23.5 —

3.1 11.6 — 25.5 —

— 8.5 6.4 25.2 4.8

9.8 11.3 13.5 24.9 1.7

8.1 10.3 17.1 22.2 1.7

2.7 6.3 — 1.8 —

4.8 5.4 — 2.3 —

1.5 4.0 — 3.5 —

— 3.9 1.6 4.0 1.2

2.5 2.4 5.6 3.7 0.7

4.1 3.5 8.5 4.2 1.1

9.2 17.2 — 7.2 —

11.6 10.5 — 7.4 —

7.8 12.7 — 9.5 —

— 18.7 13.0 9.8 7.6

15.4 14.9 7.3 9.5 7.5

15.7 14.3 8.9 9.6 4.9

Iceland ..................................... Ireland...................................... Italy .......................................... Japan....................................... Korea, Republic of ...................

— 31.4 — 50.1 —

— 34.5 — 54.6 —

— 23.1 — — —

30.7 24.8 13.1 42.4 48.3

35.9 28.1 11.7 51.7 48.4

20.5 21.0 12.8 38.5 45.6

— 18.9 — 9.5 —

— 19.5 — 9.5 —

— 10.9 — 10.2 —

20.0 4.0 1.0 — 8.8

19.4 6.9 0.3 — 8.5

10.3 5.1 2.8 0.0 10.2

— 2.6 — — —

— 5.8 — — —

— 3.0 — — —

— 16.0 6.5 — 4.1

— 15.2 5.8 0.0 5.7

1.0 10.0 3.9 0.0 3.1

— 9.9 — 40.5 —

— 9.3 — 45.1 —

— 9.2 — 44.4 —

10.7 4.8 5.6 42.4 35.4

16.5 6.0 5.7 41.9 34.3

9.2 6.0 6.1 38.5 32.3

Mexico ..................................... Netherlands ............................. New Zealand............................ Norway..................................... Poland......................................

— — 45.1 40.1 —

— 28.9 22.6 33.4 —

— 18.6 16.7 38.3 —

22.7 17.6 24.4 21.0 3.1

31.4 — 20.5 22.0 3.3

20.0 24.2 16.7 22.0 4.1

— 20.6 24.6 17.9 —

— 17.7 13.8 8.0 —

— 4.4 12.7 8.7 —

14.3 — 13.4 15.0 0.6

18.9 — 11.6 14.9 0.7

6.8 3.9 6.7 11.8 0.8

— — 5.4 3.5 —

— 1.5 4.7 2.1 —

— 3.7 1.1 1.9 —

2.0 8.7 1.5 4.3 0.9

4.1 — 1.4 4.6 0.7

2.5 0.7 6.0 5.6 0.6

— 7.5 15.1 18.7 —

— 9.7 4.0 23.3 —

— 10.6 3.0 27.7 —

6.4 8.8 9.4 — 1.7

8.4 1.2 7.5 2.5 1.9

10.8 19.7 4.1 4.7 2.7

Portugal ................................... Spain ....................................... Sweden.................................... Switzerland .............................. Turkey ......................................

— 35.6 48.0 30.7 35.8

— 26.9 48.5 30.2 24.0

— 36.0 32.3 40.1 —

— 40.1 41.5 41.5 29.8

39.3 36.1 40.5 42.7 25.7

— 35.8 32.2 32.6 22.9

— 28.6 21.2 20.3 6.6

— 19.7 19.4 22.0 7.6

— 24.8 9.2 25.8 —

— 24.8 14.4 11.4 8.0

11.7 23.9 14.3 11.7 7.6

— 22.7 11.4 9.8 6.9

— 1.8 6.8 2.8 2.8

— 1.4 9.2 1.7 3.3

— 4.1 5.9 4.1 —

— 4.2 4.1 17.0 3.0

9.4 5.4 4.0 19.5 3.0

— 5.7 3.8 12.6 3.2

— 5.1 20.0 7.6 26.3

— 5.7 19.9 6.5 13.2

— 7.1 17.1 10.1 —

— 11.1 23.0 13.1 18.7

18.2 6.8 22.2 11.6 15.2

— 7.3 17.0 10.2 12.7

United Kingdom ....................... United States ...........................

— 13.5

— 14.5

— 13.8

21.8 13.7

21.7 13.0

22.1 13.7

— 4.5

— 4.2

— 4.0

6.0 3.8

7.4 3.4

7.5 3.4

— 2.8

— 3.4

— 3.2

4.7 3.1

5.0 3.4

6.2 4.0

— 6.3

— 6.9

— 6.7

11.0 6.8

9.2 6.2

8.4 6.4

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

—Not available. 1Includes life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics/statistics, computer science, and engineering. 2Includes life sciences and physical sciences. 3 Includes mathematics/statistics and computer science. 4Data for Flemish Belgium only. 5Data for 1985 are for the former West Germany.

2003

NOTE: Data in this table refer to degrees classified by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), level 5A, second award and ISCED 6. ISCED 5A, second award, corresponds to master’s and first-professional degrees in the United States, and ISCED 6 corresponds to doctor’s degrees. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education Online Database. Retrieved October 31, 2005, from http://stats.oecd.org/WBOS/Default.aspx; and previously unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared November 2005.)

664 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 405. Percentage of graduate degrees awarded in science, by field and country: Selected years, 1985 through 2003

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 665

_

Table 406. Public and private education expenditures per student, by level of education and country: Selected years, 1999 through 2002 Elementary Country 1

Secondary

Higher education

1999

2000

2001

2002

1999

2000

2001

2002

1999

2000

2001

2002

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Current dollars Australia........................................... Austria ............................................. Belgium............................................ Canada ............................................ Czech Republic................................

$4,858 6,568 4,351 — 1,769

$4,967 6,560 4,310 — 1,827

$5,052 6,571 5,321 — 1,871

$5,169 7,015 5,665 — 2,077

$6,850 8,504 6,789 1 5,981 3,402

$6,894 8,578 6,889 1 5,947 3,239

$7,239 8,562 7,912 — 3,448

$7,375 8,887 8,272 — 3,628

$11,725 12,070 10,055 15,211 5,688

$12,854 10,851 10,771 14,983 5,431

$12,688 11,274 11,589 — 5,555

$12,416 12,448 12,019 — 6,236

Denmark .......................................... Finland............................................. France.............................................. Germany.......................................... Greece.............................................

6,721 4,138 4,108 3,818 2 2,176

7,074 4,317 4,486 4,198 2 3,318

7,572 4,708 4,777 4,237 3,299

7,727 5,087 5,033 4,537 3,803

7,626 5,863 7,141 6,603 2 2,904

7,726 6,094 7,636 6,826 2 3,859

8,113 6,537 8,107 6,620 3,768

8,003 7,121 8,472 7,025 4,058

10,657 8,114 7,831 10,393 2 4,260

11,981 8,244 8,373 10,898 2 3,402

14,280 10,981 8,837 10,504 4,280

15,183 11,768 9,276 10,999 4,731

Hungary2 ......................................... Iceland ............................................. Ireland.............................................. Italy2 ................................................ Japan...............................................

2,179 — 3,018 5,354 5,240

2,245 5,854 3,385 5,973 5,507

2,592 6,373 3,743 6,783 5,771

3,016 7,171 4,180 7,231 6,117

2,368 — 4,383 6,518 6,039

2,446 6,518 4,638 7,218 6,266

2,633 7,265 5,245 8,258 6,534

3,184 7,229 5,725 7,598 6,952

5,861 — 9,673 7,552 10,278

7,024 7,994 11,083 8,065 10,914

7,122 7,674 10,003 8,347 11,164

8,205 8,251 9,809 8,636 11,716

Korea, Republic of ........................... Luxembourg..................................... Mexico ............................................. Netherlands ..................................... New Zealand....................................

2,838 — 1,096 4,162 —

3,155 — 1,291 4,325 —

3,714 7,873 1,357 4,862 —

3,553 10,611 1,467 5,558 4,536

3,419 — 1,480 5,670 —

4,069 — 1,615 5,912 —

5,159 11,091 1,915 6,403 —

5,882 15,195 1,768 6,823 5,698

5,356 — 4,789 12,285 —

6,118 — 4,688 11,934 —

6,618 — 4,341 12,974 —

6,047 — 6,074 13,101 —

6,550 2,105 3,672 1,308 3,941

7,404 2,322 4,181 1,252 4,168

7,508 2,585 4,940 1,471 4,592

8,476 — 5,349 1,927 5,185

9,040 — 5,976 1,874 5,442

10,154 — 6,921 2,193 6,010

2 12,096

2 13,353

3,877 4,802 5,325 5,707

3,222 4,766 4,949 6,666

13,189 3,579 5,199 5,285 7,455

13,739 4,834 6,960 4,756 8,020

6,336 6,631 — 3,877 6,995

6,295 6,889 — 4,415 7,560

7,143 7,776 — 5,150 8,049

6,339 9,780 — 5,991 8,855

6,482 10,916 — 5,933 8,779

7,400 11,900 — 6,505 9,098

14,222 17,997 4,328 9,554 19,220

15,097 18,450 4,121 9,657 20,358

15,188 20,230 — 10,753 22,234

15,715 23,714 — 11,822 20,545

Norway............................................. Poland2 ............................................ Portugal ........................................... Slovak Republic ............................... Spain ...............................................

2

Sweden............................................ Switzerland2 .................................... Turkey2 ............................................. United Kingdom ............................... United States ...................................

5,920 2,094 3,478 — 3,635

2

2

5,736 6,663 — 3,627 6,582

2

7,628 1,343 5,181 2,163 4,864

2

2

5,911 9,756 — 5,608 8,157

2

Constant 2004 dollars Australia........................................... Austria ............................................. Belgium............................................ Canada ............................................ Czech Republic................................

$5,508 7,447 4,933 — 2,006

$5,449 7,196 4,728 — 2,004

$5,389 7,009 5,676 — 1,996

$5,428 7,366 5,948 — 2,181

$7,767 9,642 7,698 1 6,782 3,857

$7,563 9,410 7,557 1 6,524 3,553

$7,721 9,132 8,439 — 3,678

$7,744 9,332 8,686 — 3,810

$13,294 13,686 11,401 17,247 6,449

$14,101 11,903 11,816 16,436 5,958

$13,533 12,025 12,361 — 5,925

$13,037 13,071 12,620 — 6,548

Denmark .......................................... Finland............................................. France.............................................. Germany.......................................... Greece.............................................

7,621 4,692 4,658 4,329 2 2,467

7,760 4,736 4,921 4,605 2 3,640

8,077 5,022 5,095 4,519 3,519

8,114 5,341 5,285 4,764 3,993

8,647 6,648 8,097 7,487 2 3,293

8,475 6,685 8,377 7,488 2 4,233

8,654 6,973 8,647 7,061 4,019

8,403 7,477 8,896 7,376 4,261

12,083 9,200 8,879 11,784 2 4,830

13,143 9,044 9,185 11,955 2 3,732

15,231 11,713 9,426 11,204 4,565

15,943 12,357 9,740 11,549 4,968

Hungary2 ......................................... Iceland ............................................. Ireland.............................................. Italy2 ................................................ Japan...............................................

2,471 — 3,422 6,071 5,941

2,463 6,422 3,713 6,552 6,041

2,765 6,798 3,992 7,235 6,156

3,167 7,530 4,389 7,593 6,423

2,685 — 4,970 7,390 6,847

2,683 7,150 5,088 7,918 6,874

2,808 7,749 5,594 8,808 6,969

3,343 7,591 6,011 7,978 7,300

6,646 — 10,968 8,563 11,654

7,705 8,769 12,158 8,847 11,972

7,597 8,185 10,669 8,903 11,908

8,615 8,664 10,300 9,068 12,302

Korea, Republic of ........................... Luxembourg..................................... Mexico ............................................. Netherlands ..................................... New Zealand....................................

3,218 — 1,243 4,719 —

3,461 — 1,416 4,744 —

3,961 8,398 1,447 5,186 —

3,731 11,142 1,540 5,836 4,763

3,877 — 1,678 6,429 —

4,464 — 1,772 6,485 —

5,503 11,830 2,043 6,830 —

6,176 15,955 1,856 7,164 5,983

6,073 — 5,430 13,929 —

6,711 — 5,143 13,091 —

7,059 — 4,630 13,838 —

6,350 — 6,378 13,756 —

7,185 2,309 4,028 1,435 4,323

7,897 2,477 4,460 1,335 4,446

7,884 2,714 5,187 1,545 4,822

2

9,298 — 5,868 2,114 5,688

9,642 — 6,374 1,999 5,805

10,662 — 7,267 2,303 6,311

14,648 3,534 5,228 5,429 7,312

14,068 3,817 5,545 5,637 7,952

14,426 5,076 7,308 4,994 8,421

6,950 7,274 — 4,253 7,673

6,714 7,348 — 4,709 8,064

7,500 8,165 — 5,408 8,452

6,702 11,062 — 6,359 9,249

6,954 10,728 — 6,572 9,714

6,914 11,643 — 6,328 9,364

7,770 12,495 — 6,830 9,553

16,561 20,239 4,521 10,594 22,332

16,200 21,578 — 11,469 23,715

16,501 24,900 — 12,413 21,573

Norway............................................. Poland2 ............................................ Portugal ........................................... Slovak Republic ............................... Spain ............................................... Sweden............................................ Switzerland2 .................................... Turkey2 ............................................. United Kingdom ............................... United States ................................... —Not available. 1 Includes elementary education. 2Public institutions only.

2

6,712 2,374 3,944 — 4,122 6,504 7,555 — 4,112 7,463

2

2

8,649 1,523 5,874 2,453 5,515

2

2

2

13,715 4,396 5,445 6,038 6,471 16,126 20,406 4,907 10,833 21,793

2

2

NOTE: Data adjusted to U.S. dollars using the purchasing-power-parity (PPP) index. Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education at a Glance, 2002 through 2005. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

666 CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education

Table 407. Total public direct expenditures on education as a percentage of the gross domestic product, by level and country: Selected years, 1985 through 2002 All institutions1 Country 1

1985

1990

1995

2000

Primary and secondary institutions 2001 20022

1985

1990

1995

2000

Higher education institutions

2001 20022

1985

1990

1995

2000

2001

20022

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

5.3

4.9

4.9

5.2

5.1

4.9

3.7

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.6

1.1

1.0

0.9

1.2

1.1

1.0

Average for year................................ Average for countries reporting data for all years............................

5.4

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.2

5.3

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.7

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.4

1.1

1.1

Australia.................................................. Austria .................................................... Belgium3 ................................................. Canada ................................................... Czech Republic.......................................

5.4 5.6 6.3 6.1 —

4.3 5.2 4.8 5.4 —

4.5 5.3 5.0 5.8 4.8

5.1 5.8 5.2 5.5 4.4

4.5 5.6 6.0 4.9 4.2

4.4 5.4 6.1 — 4.2

3.5 3.7 4.0 4.1 —

3.2 3.6 3.4 3.7 —

3.2 3.8 3.4 4.0 3.4

3.9 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.0

3.6 3.8 4.0 3.1 2.8

3.6 3.7 4 4.1 — 2.8

1.7 1.0 1.0 2.0 —

1.0 1.0 0.8 1.5 —

1.2 0.9 0.9 1.5 0.7

1.2 1.4 1.3 2.0 0.8

0.8 1.2 1.2 1.5 0.8

0.8 1.1 4 1.2 — 0.8

Denmark ................................................. Finland.................................................... France..................................................... Germany7 ............................................... Greece....................................................

6.2 5.8 — 4.6 —

6.2 6.4 5.1 — —

6.5 6.6 5.8 4.5 3.7

8.4 6.0 5.8 4.5 3.8

6.8 5.7 5.6 4.3 3.8

6.8 5.9 5.7 4.4 5 3.9

4.7 — — 2.8 —

4.4 4.3 3.7 — —

4.2 4.2 4.1 2.9 2.8

4.8 3.6 4.1 3.0 2.7

4.2 3.7 4.0 2.9 2.4

4.1 3.8 4.0 3.0 5 2.5

1.2 — — 1.0 —

1.3 1.2 0.8 — —

1.3 1.7 1.0 1.0 0.8

2.5 2.0 1.0 1.1 0.9

1.8 1.7 1.0 1.0 1.1

Hungary.................................................. Iceland .................................................... Ireland..................................................... Italy ......................................................... Japan......................................................

— — 5.6 4.7 —

5.0 4.3 4.7 5.8 3.6

4.9 4.5 4.7 4.5 3.6

4.9 6.0 4.4 4.6 3.6

4.6 6.1 4.1 4.9 3.5

5.0 6.8 4.1 4.6 3.5

— — 4.0 3.2 —

3.5 3.3 3.3 4.1 2.9

3.3 3.4 3.3 3.2 2.8

3.1 4.7 3.0 3.2 2.7

2.8 5.0 2.9 3.6 2.7

3.1 3.0 3.4 6 2.7

— — 0.9 0.6 —

0.8 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.4

0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.4

1.0 1.1 1.3 0.8 0.5

0.9 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.5

Korea, Republic of .................................. Luxembourg............................................ Mexico .................................................... Netherlands ............................................ New Zealand...........................................

— — — 6.2 —

— — 3.2 5.7 5.5

3.6 4.3 4.6 4.6 5.3

4.3 — 4.9 4.8 7.0

4.8 3.6 5.1 4.5 5.5

4.2 — 5.1 4.6 5.6

— — — 4.1 —

— — 2.2 3.6 3.9

3.0 4.2 3.4 3.0 3.8

3.3 — 3.4 3.2 4.9

3.5 3.6 3.8 3.1 4.3

3.3 3.9 3.5 3.3 4.4

— — — 1.5 —

— — 0.7 1.6 1.2

0.3 0.1 0.8 1.1 1.1

0.7 — 0.9 1.3 1.7

0.4 — 0.7 1.0 0.9

Norway.................................................... Poland..................................................... Portugal .................................................. Russian Federation................................. Spain ......................................................

5.1 — — — 3.6

6.2 — — — 4.2

6.8 5.2 5.4 3.4 4.8

6.7 5.2 5.7 3.0 4.4

6.1 5.6 5.8 3.0 4.3

6.7 5.5 5.7 4.0 4.3

4.0 — — — 2.9

4.1 — — — 3.2

4.1 3.3 4.1 1.9 3.5

3.9 3.8 4.2 1.7 3.1

4.6 4.0 4.2 1.7 3.0

4.2 4.0 4.2 4,5 2.7 2.9

0.7 — — — 0.4

1.1 — — — 0.7

1.5 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.8

1.7 0.8 1.0 0.5 1.0

1.3 1.1 1.0 0.5 1.0

Sweden................................................... Switzerland ............................................. Turkey ..................................................... United Kingdom ...................................... United States ..........................................

— 4.9 — 4.9 4.7

5.3 5.0 3.2 4.3 5.3

6.6 5.5 2.2 4.6 5.0

7.4 5.4 3.5 4.8 5.0

6.3 5.4 3.5 4.7 5.1

6.7 5.7 5 3.4 5.0 5.3

— 4.0 — 3.1 3.2

4.4 3.7 2.3 3.5 3.8

4.4 4.1 1.4 3.8 3.5

4.9 3.9 2.4 3.4 3.5

4.3 3.9 2.5 3.4 3.8

— 0.9 — 1.0 1.3

1.0 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.4

1.6 1.1 0.8 0.7 1.1

2.0 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1

1.5 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.9

5

5

5 5

—Not available. 1 Includes preprimary and other expenditures not classified by level. 2 Includes public subsidies to households attributable for educational institutions and includes direct expenditure on educational institutions from international sources. 3 Data are for Flemish Belgium only. 4 Direct expenditure on higher education institutions from international sources exceeds 1.5 percent of all public expenditure. 5 Public subsidies to households not included in public expenditure. 6 Postsecondary non-higher education included in both secondary and higher education. 7Data for 1985 are for the former West Germany.

5,6

5,6 5.4 4

6

5 5

4

4.6 4.0 5 2.3 3.7 3.8

5,6

1.9 1.7 1.0 1.0 5 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.8 6 0.4

5,6 4

0.3 6—

1.0 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.1 0.9 4,5 0.7 1.0 5 5

4 5

1.6 1.4 1.0 0.8 1.2

NOTE: Direct public expenditure on educational services includes both amounts spent directly by governments to hire educational personnel and to procure other resources, and amounts provided by governments to public or private institutions, or households. Figures for 1985 also include transfers and payments to private entities, and thus are not strictly comparable with later figures. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education Online Database; Annual National Accounts, Vol. 1, 1997; and Education at a Glance, 2002 through 2005. (This table was prepared October 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 6: International Comparisons of Education 667

Table 408. Foreign students enrolled in institutions of higher education in the United States and other jurisdictions, by continent, region, and selected countries of origin: Selected years, 1980-81 through 2003-04 1980–81 Continent, region, and country 1

1985–86

1990–91

1995–96

2000–01

2001–02

2002–03

2003–04

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number 2

Total........................................ 311,880

3

4

100.0 343,780

Africa .............................................. Eastern Africa ............................. Central Africa .............................. North Africa................................. Southern Africa........................... West Africa.................................. Nigeria.....................................

38,180 6,260 1,130 7,310 1,480 22,000 17,350

12.2 2.0 0.4 2.3 0.5 7.1 5.6

34,190 6,730 1,540 5,980 2,360 17,580 13,710

Asia................................................. East Asia..................................... China....................................... Hong Kong .............................. Japan ...................................... Korea, Republic of................... Taiwan ..................................... South and Central Asia............... India ........................................ Pakistan .................................. South East Asia .......................... Indonesia ................................ Malaysia .................................. Philippines............................... Singapore................................ Thailand ..................................

94,640 51,650 2,770 9,660 13,500 6,150 19,460 14,540 9,250 2,990 28,450 3,250 6,010 — — 6,550

30.3 156,830 16.6 80,720 0.9 13,980 3.1 10,710 4.3 13,360 2.0 18,660 6.2 23,770 4.7 25,800 3.0 16,070 1.0 5,440 9.1 50,310 1.0 8,210 1.9 23,020 — 3,920 — 3,930 2.1 6,940

Europe ............................................ Eastern Europe........................... Western Europe.......................... France ..................................... Germany1 ................................ Greece .................................... Spain....................................... United Kingdom ......................

25,330 1,670 23,660 — 3,310 3,750 — 4,440

8.1 0.5 7.6 — 1.1 1.2 — 1.4

Latin America.................................. Caribbean ................................... Central America .......................... Mexico..................................... South America ............................ Brazil ....................................... Colombia................................. Venezuela ...............................

49,810 10,650 12,970 6,730 26,190 — — 11,750

Middle East..................................... Iran.............................................. Jordan......................................... Lebanon...................................... Saudi Arabia ............................... Turkey .........................................

5

6

100.0 407,530 9.9 2.0 0.4 1.7 0.7 5.1 4.0

23,800 7,590 1,650 4,540 2,840 7,180 3,710

7

8

100.0 453,787 5.8 1.9 0.4 1.1 0.7 1.8 0.9

20,844 7,596 1,346 3,422 2,657 5,818 2,093

9

10

100.00 547,867 4.59 1.67 0.30 0.75 0.59 1.28 0.46

34,217 13,516 1,859 5,184 3,304 10,346 3,820

11

12

100.0 582,996 6.2 2.5 0.3 0.9 0.6 1.9 0.7

37,724 15,331 1,972 5,593 3,443 11,385 4,499

13

14

100.0 586,323 6.5 2.6 0.3 1.0 0.6 2.0 0.8

40,193 15,996 2,371 5,218 3,017 13,590 5,816

15

Percent

16

17

100.0 572,509

100.0

6.9 2.7 0.4 0.9 0.5 2.3 1.0

38,150 14,831 2,331 4,487 2,679 13,821 6,140

6.7 2.6 0.4 0.8 0.5 2.4 1.1

45.6 229,830 23.5 146,020 4.1 39,600 3.1 12,630 3.9 36,610 5.4 23,360 6.9 33,530 7.5 42,370 4.7 28,860 1.6 7,730 14.6 41,440 2.4 9,520 6.7 13,610 1.1 4,270 1.1 4,500 2.0 7,090

56.4 259,893 35.8 166,717 9.7 39,613 3.1 12,018 9.0 45,531 5.7 36,231 8.2 32,702 10.4 45,401 7.1 31,743 1.9 6,427 10.2 47,774 2.3 12,820 3.3 14,015 1.0 3,127 1.1 4,098 1.7 12,165

57.27 302,058 36.74 189,371 8.73 59,939 2.65 7,627 10.03 46,497 7.98 45,685 7.21 28,566 10.00 71,765 7.00 54,664 1.42 6,948 10.53 40,916 2.83 11,625 3.09 7,795 0.69 3,139 0.90 4,166 2.68 11,187

55.1 324,812 34.6 196,813 10.9 63,211 1.4 7,757 8.5 46,810 8.3 49,046 5.2 28,930 13.1 86,131 10.0 66,836 1.3 8,644 7.5 41,868 2.1 11,614 1.4 7,395 0.6 3,295 0.8 4,141 2.0 11,606

55.7 332,298 33.8 199,666 10.8 64,757 1.3 8,076 8.0 45,960 8.4 51,519 5.0 28,017 14.8 93,767 11.5 74,603 1.5 8,123 7.2 38,865 2.0 10,432 1.3 6,595 0.6 3,576 0.7 4,189 2.0 9,982

56.7 324,006 34.1 189,874 11.0 61,765 1.4 7,353 7.8 40,835 8.8 52,484 4.8 26,178 16.0 98,138 12.7 79,736 1.4 7,325 6.6 35,994 1.8 8,880 1.1 6,483 0.6 3,467 0.7 3,955 1.7 8,937

56.6 33.2 10.8 1.3 7.1 9.2 4.6 17.1 13.9 1.3 6.3 1.6 1.1 0.6 0.7 1.6

34,310 1,770 32,540 3,680 4,730 4,440 1,740 5,940

10.0 0.5 9.5 1.1 1.4 1.3 0.5 1.7

49,640 4,780 44,860 5,630 7,000 4,360 4,300 7,300

12.2 1.2 11.0 1.4 1.7 1.1 1.1 1.8

67,358 18,032 49,326 5,710 9,017 3,365 4,809 7,799

14.84 3.97 10.87 1.26 1.99 0.74 1.06 1.72

80,584 27,674 52,910 7,273 10,128 2,768 4,156 8,139

14.7 5.1 9.7 1.3 1.8 0.5 0.8 1.5

81,579 29,591 51,988 7,401 9,613 2,599 4,048 8,414

14.0 5.1 8.9 1.3 1.6 0.4 0.7 1.4

78,001 29,167 48,834 7,223 9,302 2,341 3,633 8,326

13.3 5.0 8.3 1.2 1.6 0.4 0.6 1.4

74,134 27,710 46,424 6,818 8,745 2,126 3,631 8,439

12.9 4.8 8.1 1.2 1.5 0.4 0.6 1.5

16.0 3.4 4.2 2.2 8.4 — — 3.8

45,480 11,100 12,740 5,460 21,640 2,840 4,010 7,040

13.2 3.2 3.7 1.6 6.3 0.8 1.2 2.0

47,580 12,610 15,950 6,740 19,020 3,900 3,180 2,890

11.7 3.1 3.9 1.7 4.7 1.0 0.8 0.7

47,253 10,737 14,220 8,687 22,296 5,497 3,462 4,456

10.41 2.37 3.13 1.91 4.91 1.21 0.76 0.98

63,634 14,423 16,764 10,670 32,447 8,846 6,765 5,217

11.6 2.6 3.1 1.9 5.9 1.6 1.2 1.0

68,358 13,879 18,826 12,518 35,653 8,972 8,068 5,627

11.7 2.4 3.2 2.1 6.1 1.5 1.4 1.0

68,950 14,895 18,856 12,801 35,199 8,388 7,771 5,333

11.8 2.5 3.2 2.2 6.0 1.4 1.3 0.9

69,658 15,606 19,264 13,329 34,788 7,799 7,533 5,575

12.2 2.7 3.4 2.3 6.1 1.4 1.3 1.0

84,710 47,550 6,140 6,770 10,440 —

27.2 15.2 2.0 2.2 3.3 —

52,720 14,210 6,590 7,090 6,900 2,460

15.3 4.1 1.9 2.1 2.0 0.7

33,420 6,260 4,320 3,900 3,590 4,080

8.2 1.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0

30,563 2,628 2,222 1,554 4,191 7,678

6.74 0.58 0.49 0.34 0.92 1.69

36,858 1,844 2,187 2,005 5,273 10,983

6.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.0 2.0

38,545 2,216 2,417 2,435 5,579 12,091

6.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.0 2.1

34,803 2,258 2,173 2,364 4,175 11,601

5.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.7 2.0

31,852 2,321 1,853 2,179 3,521 11,398

5.6 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 2.0

North America2 ............................... Canada .......................................

14,790 14,320

4.7 4.6

16,030 15,410

4.7 4.5

18,950 18,350

4.6 4.5

23,644 23,005

5.21 5.07

25,888 25,279

4.7 4.6

27,039 26,514

4.6 4.5

27,227 26,513

4.6 4.5

27,650 27,017

4.8 4.7

Oceania ..........................................

4,180

1.3

4,030

1.2

4,230

1.0

4,202

0.93

4,624

0.8

4,852

0.8

4,811

0.8

4,534

0.8

240

0.1

190

0.1

80

#

30

#

10

#

87

#

33

#

19

#

3

Stateless .......................................

—Not available. #Rounds to zero. 1Data for 1980–81 and 1985–86 are for West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany before unification). 2Excludes Mexico and Central America, which are included with Latin America. 3 Home country unknown or undeclared.

NOTE: Totals and subtotals include other countries not shown separately. Data are for “nonimmigrants” (i.e., students who have not migrated to this country). Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: Institute of International Education, Open Doors: Report on International Educational Exchange, various years. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 7

Libraries and Educational Technology This chapter contains statistics on libraries and the use of information technologies. These data show the extent of America’s public access to information technologies outside of formal classroom activities. The data also provide a capsule description of the magnitude and availability of library resources. The first section of the chapter (tables 409 to 415) deals with public libraries, public and private school libraries, and college and university libraries. It contains data on collections, population served, staff, and expenditures. Table 413 provides institutional-level information for the largest college libraries in the country. The second part of the chapter (tables 416 to 421) provides information on the availability and use of technology at school and at work. For example, the proportion of children using computers at school is shown over time. Also included are data on the use of home computers and the Internet by adults and school children, with comparisons among various demographic groups. Related data may be found in other chapters of the Digest. For example, statistics on the number of degrees conferred in computer and information sciences and library sciences are in chapter 3. Further information on survey methodologies is in the Guide to Sources in the appendix and the publications cited in the source notes.

Libraries In 1999–2000, there were 95 school library visits each week per 100 public school students (table 409). Public elementary school students were more likely to visit their school libraries (107 visits per 100 students each week) than public secondary school students (73 per 100). There was no measurable difference detected between the number of visits per week at public and private schools. However, private secondary school students were more likely than public secondary school students to visit the library (90 percent and 73 percent, respectively). The average number of library staff per school was 1.9 at public schools and 1.2 at private schools. On average, public school libraries had smaller numbers of books on a per student basis (1,803 per 100) than private school libraries (2,857 per 100 students) in 1999–2000. Public elementary school libraries had larger holdings than public secondary schools on a per student basis (1,894 per 100 students, compared to 1,606 per 100 students), and elementary school stu-

dents checked out more books on a per student basis (1.5 per week compared to 0.3 per week). The increase in college library resources rose faster than enrollment between 1991–92 and 1999–2000 (table 412). After adjustment for inflation, the average library operating expenditure per student rose 6 percent. In 1999–2000, the average library operating expenditure per student was $459. In 2002, there were 9,137 public libraries in the United States with a total of 785 million books and serial volumes. The annual attendance per capita was 4.5, and the reference transactions per capita were 1.1 (table 415).

Educational Technology There has been widespread introduction of computers into the schools in recent years. In 2003, the average public school contained 136 instructional computers (table 416). One important technological advance that has come to classrooms following the introduction of computers has been connections to the Internet. The proportion of instructional rooms with internet access increased from 51 percent in 1998 to 93 percent in 2003 (figure 29). Nearly all schools had access to the Internet in 2003 (table 416). The increasing number of computers in schools has been reflected in rising proportions of students using computers (table 420). The proportion of elementary and secondary school students using computers at school rose from 70 percent in 1997 to 83 percent in 2003. Students in elementary and secondary schools who were 10 years old or older were more likely to use computers at school than younger children. Eighty percent of children from families with incomes of $20,000 to $24,999 used computers at school compared to 86 percent of children from families with incomes of $75,000 or more. In addition to large proportions of elementary and secondary students using computers at school, a majority of students in 2003 used computers at home (table 420). In 2003, 68 percent of elementary and secondary school students used computers at home, compared to 43 percent in 1997. During the same period of time, the proportion of students using computers at home for school work rose from 25 to 47 percent. In 2003, female students were slightly more likely to use computers at home for school work than males. About 54 percent of White elementary and secondary school students used computers at home for school work in 2003 com-

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

669

670 CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology

pared to 35 percent of Black students and 34 percent of Hispanic students. About 63 percent of students from families with an income of $75,000 or more used a computer at home for school work compared to 32 percent of students from families with incomes of $20,000 to $24,999. The proportion of college students using computers rose from 63 percent in 1997 to 85 percent in 2003. About 76 percent used computers at home in 2003 (table 420). Computers are widely used in the workplace. In 2003, 56 percent of all workers used computers at work (table 421).

More frequent use of computers was associated with higher levels of education and higher incomes. Forty percent of high school graduates and 16 percent of high school dropouts used computers at work compared to 82 to 87 percent of those with bachelor’s, master’s, first-professional, or doctor’s degrees. Among the common applications for all employees using computers on the job were Internet and email (75 percent), word processing/desktop publishing (68 percent), spreadsheets and data bases (64 percent), and calendar/schedule (57 percent).

Figure 29. Percentage of all public schools and instructional rooms with internet access: Fall 1994 through fall 2003 Percent 100

Schools with internet access

80

60

40 Instructional rooms with internet access

20

0 1994

1995

1996

1997

1998 Year

1999

2000

2001

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Internet Access in U.S. Public Schools and Classrooms: 1994–2003.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2002

2003

e i r a r b i Table L 409. Selected statistics on school libraries/media centers, by control and level of school: 1999–2000 Public Selected statistic 1

Private

Total

Elementary

Secondary

Combined

Total

Elementary

Secondary

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Combined 9

77,288

(420.6)

57,024

(376.9)

18,039

(199.4)

2,226

(111.7)

17,054

(323.2)

10,961

(251.4)

1,955

(91.2)

4,138

(173.8)

Average number of staff per library1 ..................................................................... Certified library/media specialists ..................................................................... Full-time ........................................................................................................ Part-time ....................................................................................................... Other professional staff..................................................................................... Full-time ........................................................................................................ Part-time ....................................................................................................... Other paid employees....................................................................................... Full-time ........................................................................................................ Part-time .......................................................................................................

1.89 0.81 0.65 0.16 0.17 0.12 0.06 0.91 0.49 0.41

(0.018) (0.007) (0.007) (0.006) (0.007) (0.005) (0.004) (0.014) (0.008) (0.014)

1.80 0.74 0.56 0.17 0.18 0.12 0.06 0.88 0.44 0.44

(0.024) (0.009) (0.009) (0.008) (0.009) (0.007) (0.006) (0.019) (0.010) (0.018)

2.21 1.06 0.94 0.12 0.15 0.10 0.05 1.00 0.67 0.33

(0.021) (0.009) (0.011) (0.006) (0.007) (0.007) (0.005) (0.017) (0.016) (0.013)

1.50 0.63 0.52 0.10 0.23 0.12 0.11 0.65 0.34 0.31

(0.057) (0.032) (0.031) (0.011) (0.021) (0.014) (0.019) (0.035) (0.024) (0.026)

1.18 0.23 0.17 0.06 0.48 0.22 0.25 0.48 0.14 0.34

(0.026) (0.011) (0.009) (0.005) (0.014) (0.009) (0.012) (0.014) (0.009) (0.014)

1.01 0.13 0.07 0.06 0.47 0.19 0.29 0.41 0.11 0.31

(0.032) (0.009) (0.007) (0.006) (0.020) (0.012) (0.017) (0.020) (0.011) (0.018)

1.80 0.55 0.47 0.07 0.53 0.33 0.20 0.72 0.24 0.48

(0.083) (0.027) (0.025) (0.010) (0.039) (0.023) (0.029) (0.048) (0.024) (0.043)

1.33 0.35 0.27 0.08 0.46 0.27 0.19 0.52 0.18 0.34

(0.055) (0.027) (0.022) (0.013) (0.024) (0.020) (0.017) (0.030) (0.015) (0.025)

Percentage of schools’ library media centers with certain media equipment ....... Telephone ......................................................................................................... Fax machine ..................................................................................................... Automated catalog ............................................................................................ Automated circulation system ........................................................................... Video laser disc or DVD .................................................................................... Connection to Internet ...................................................................................... Cable television................................................................................................. Broadcast television.......................................................................................... Closed circuit television .................................................................................... Satellite dish .....................................................................................................

84.8 11.5 72.8 74.4 43.0 90.1 77.4 43.4 25.0 27.9

(0.53) (0.43) (0.69) (0.65) (0.69) (0.57) (0.66) (0.76) (0.67) (0.60)

82.8 8.1 71.0 73.2 41.8 87.9 76.6 43.9 23.3 20.5

(0.69) (0.55) (0.87) (0.88) (0.87) (0.75) (0.83) (1.00) (0.84) (0.71)

91.5 22.2 80.0 79.9 47.7 96.9 82.2 42.9 30.8 49.9

(0.46) (0.65) (0.78) (0.72) (0.88) (0.32) (0.66) (0.90) (0.82) (0.93)

81.9 12.1 61.5 59.5 35.1 88.7 58.5 34.8 20.5 38.2

(1.94) (1.52) (2.72) (3.10) (2.70) (1.59) (3.21) (2.51) (2.16) (2.79)

53.2 6.7 34.2 29.0 12.7 60.6 46.3 48.0 7.9 8.9

(1.48) (0.64) (1.25) (1.17) (0.67) (1.37) (1.21) (1.32) (0.49) (0.58)

45.3 4.8 28.1 22.9 10.4 55.1 48.2 52.5 6.5 5.4

(2.02) (0.82) (1.54) (1.31) (0.99) (1.77) (1.68) (1.67) (0.68) (0.74)

78.2 13.6 55.8 52.3 21.2 81.6 57.6 42.4 19.2 28.0

(2.67) (1.38) (2.61) (2.48) (1.79) (2.46) (2.44) (2.67) (1.21) (1.71)

62.3 8.7 39.9 33.9 15.0 65.2 36.1 38.6 6.4 9.1

(2.25) (1.50) (2.25) (2.33) (1.40) (2.05) (1.91) (2.64) (0.95) (1.04)

Percentage of schools with certain services Long distance learning offered ......................................................................... Students permitted to check out computer hardware ....................................... Students permitted to check out computer software.........................................

21.2 2.2 6.9

(0.48) (0.14) (0.31)

15.2 1.2 4.5

(0.61) (0.16) (0.36)

38.1 5.5 14.3

(0.79) (0.41) (0.69)

38.3 1.9 7.5

(2.76) (0.48) (1.07)

8.3 1.0 6.9

(0.78) (0.17) (0.57)

7.3 0.9 3.8

(1.08) (0.25) (0.50)

15.6 2.2 16.6

(2.09) (0.41) (1.53)

7.7 1.0 10.5

(1.16) (0.29) (1.59)

Total students using library per 100 students each week1,2 .................................

94.9

(0.88)

106.6

(1.12)

73.4

(1.05)

80.0

(4.47)

94.9

(5.96)

105.1

(10.88)

90.3

(2.57)

77.9

(2.41)

Books checked out per 100 students each week2 ................................................

106.6

(1.63)

146.8

(2.46)

32.3

(1.36)

64.2

(4.83)

88.8

(3.81)

123.0

(5.56)

22.7

(1.40)

64.2

(5.17)

Average holdings per 100 students at the end of the school year Books (number of volumes) .............................................................................. Video materials (tape and disc) ........................................................................ CD-ROM titles...................................................................................................

1,803 51 8

(19.7) (0.8) (0.3)

1,894 51 10

(26.6) (1.1) (0.5)

1,606 51 5

(25.8) (1.3) (0.3)

2,190 69 9

(166.6) (6.1) (1.4)

2,857 71 10

(84.8) (2.5) (0.6)

2,801 66 10

(86.0) (3.3) (0.8)

2,737 72 10

(178.3) (6.0) (1.3)

3,043 81 10

(213.2) (5.8) (1.0)

Total expenditures for library/media materials per pupil ....................................... Books................................................................................................................ Video materials ................................................................................................. CD-ROM titles................................................................................................... Current serial subscriptions .............................................................................. Electronic subscriptions .................................................................................... Microcomputer hardware .................................................................................. Other audiovisual equipment ............................................................................

$23.37 9.97 1.07 0.59 1.26 0.81 7.48 2.19

(0.438) (0.153) (0.022) (0.020) (0.016) (0.018) (0.306) (0.181)

$22.99 10.47 1.04 0.55 0.98 0.32 7.31 2.32

(0.634) (0.229) (0.029) (0.028) (0.018) (0.023) (0.390) (0.274)

$23.84 8.95 1.13 0.64 1.75 1.74 7.68 1.94

(0.461) (0.174) (0.025) (0.023) (0.032) (0.042) (0.373) (0.071)

$27.93 11.03 1.20 0.94 1.98 0.94 9.59 2.25

(2.508) (0.713) (0.108) (0.193) (0.184) (0.111) (1.744) (0.258)

$29.02 10.57 1.34 0.82 1.34 1.35 11.54 2.06

(1.050) (0.625) (0.051) (0.056) (0.035) (0.056) (0.843) (0.114)

$23.60 9.29 1.04 0.72 0.62 0.17 10.50 1.27

(1.646) (1.115) (0.057) (0.081) (0.030) (0.036) (1.298) (0.097)

$38.72 11.18 1.51 1.15 2.71 3.85 14.65 3.68

(1.582) (0.472) (0.106) (0.109) (0.120) (0.213) (1.030) (0.406)

$33.40 12.68 1.83 0.81 1.86 2.08 11.57 2.58

(1.831) (0.834) (0.153) (0.081) (0.098) (0.124) (1.278) (0.196)

1Public

school data include charter schools. the most recent full week of school. NOTE: Percentages are based on schools that have library/media centers. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. 2During

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public School Library Media Center Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; “Charter School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; and “Private School Library Media Center Questionnaire,” 1999–2000, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared August 2004.)

CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology 671 Libraries

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Number of schools with libraries1 .........................................................................

Table 410. Selected statistics on public school libraries/media centers, by level and enrollment size of school: 1999–2000

Selected statistic

Elementary libraries

All public school libraries/media centers

1

Total

2

Less than 150

3

150 to 499

4

Secondary libraries 500 to 749

5

750 or more

6

Total

7

Less than 500

8

500 to 749

9

750 to 1,499

10

1,500 or more

11

12

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Average number of staff per library1 ............................................................ Certified library/media specialists ............................................................ Full-time ............................................................................................... Part-time .............................................................................................. Other professional staff............................................................................ Full-time ............................................................................................... Part-time .............................................................................................. Other paid employees.............................................................................. Full-time ............................................................................................... Part-time ..............................................................................................

1.89 0.81 0.65 0.16 0.17 0.12 0.06 0.91 0.49 0.41

(0.018) (0.007) (0.007) (0.006) (0.007) (0.005) (0.004) (0.014) (0.008) (0.014)

1.80 0.74 0.56 0.17 0.18 0.12 0.06 0.88 0.44 0.44

(0.024) (0.009) (0.009) (0.008) (0.009) (0.007) (0.006) (0.019) (0.010) (0.018)

1.42 0.62 0.25 0.38 0.11 0.04 0.07 0.69 0.26 0.42

(0.051) (0.043) (0.037) (0.036) (0.019) (0.010) (0.015) (0.033) (0.040) (0.035)

1.69 0.71 0.48 0.24 0.16 0.10 0.06 0.81 0.36 0.45

(0.034) (0.015) (0.012) (0.013) (0.012) (0.009) (0.007) (0.028) (0.013) (0.028)

1.93 0.77 0.69 0.08 0.19 0.14 0.05 0.96 0.51 0.45

(0.032) (0.019) (0.019) (0.008) (0.015) (0.012) (0.009) (0.028) (0.025) (0.029)

2.09 0.80 0.73 0.07 0.22 0.18 0.04 1.07 0.67 0.40

(0.081) (0.027) (0.028) (0.014) (0.031) (0.026) (0.017) (0.059) (0.036) (0.049)

2.21 1.06 0.94 0.12 0.15 0.10 0.05 1.00 0.67 0.33

(0.021) (0.009) (0.011) (0.006) (0.007) (0.007) (0.005) (0.017) (0.016) (0.013)

1.68 0.86 0.64 0.23 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.67 0.36 0.31

(0.029) (0.016) (0.020) (0.012) (0.012) (0.012) (0.008) (0.024) (0.020) (0.022)

1.94 0.94 0.91 0.03 0.14 0.09 0.05 0.86 0.52 0.33

(0.037) (0.015) (0.015) (0.007) (0.021) (0.014) (0.014) (0.031) (0.031) (0.026)

2.48 1.15 1.10 0.04 0.14 0.11 0.04 1.19 0.85 0.34

(0.033) (0.014) (0.014) (0.007) (0.014) (0.013) (0.007) (0.024) (0.026) (0.018)

3.47 1.56 1.49 0.07 0.18 0.13 0.05 1.73 1.35 0.38

(0.058) (0.025) (0.025) (0.013) (0.023) (0.018) (0.011) (0.048) (0.037) (0.027)

Percentage of schools’ library media centers with certain media equipment Telephone ................................................................................................ Fax machine ............................................................................................ Automated catalog ................................................................................... Automated circulation system .................................................................. Video laser disc or DVD ........................................................................... Connection to Internet ............................................................................. Cable television........................................................................................ Broadcast television................................................................................. Closed circuit television ........................................................................... Satellite dish ............................................................................................

84.8 11.5 72.8 74.4 43.0 90.1 77.4 43.4 25.0 27.9

(0.53) (0.43) (0.69) (0.65) (0.68) (0.57) (0.66) (0.76) (0.67) (0.60)

82.8 8.1 71.0 73.2 41.8 87.9 76.6 43.9 23.3 20.5

(0.69) (0.55) (0.87) (0.88) (0.87) (0.75) (0.83) (1.00) (0.84) (0.71)

70.1 6.6 47.5 45.6 25.0 83.9 56.8 29.5 5.4 36.9

(4.18) (1.67) (4.43) (4.05) (4.28) (3.47) (3.55) (3.59) (1.95) (5.09)

77.4 6.7 65.4 67.0 36.1 86.9 77.4 41.7 18.5 17.6

(1.30) (0.67) (1.28) (1.38) (1.17) (1.10) (1.19) (1.47) (0.96) (1.08)

90.0 9.7 80.7 83.7 49.0 90.7 78.4 46.9 27.3 20.0

(1.16) (1.00) (1.41) (1.29) (2.06) (1.41) (1.66) (1.93) (1.90) (1.37)

92.4 10.6 81.4 86.3 54.3 87.7 79.5 51.8 39.8 23.5

(1.36) (1.40) (1.68) (1.66) (2.35) (1.57) (2.02) (2.40) (2.13) (1.96)

91.5 22.2 80.0 79.9 47.7 96.9 82.2 42.9 30.8 49.9

(0.46) (0.65) (0.78) (0.72) (0.88) (0.32) (0.66) (0.90) (0.82) (0.93)

82.5 14.2 66.6 63.9 34.3 95.8 77.0 34.8 20.2 50.9

(1.09) (1.24) (1.56) (1.59) (1.53) (0.55) (1.35) (1.36) (1.56) (1.76)

94.4 22.4 84.0 85.5 49.3 96.0 83.2 43.8 29.5 53.6

(0.91) (1.81) (1.52) (1.39) (2.05) (0.91) (1.48) (2.43) (1.74) (2.16)

98.3 26.8 89.6 91.6 60.7 98.6 87.3 49.0 40.7 49.5

(0.35) (1.28) (1.06) (0.81) (1.68) (0.34) (1.18) (1.42) (1.32) (1.69)

99.6 35.1 93.5 95.1 58.6 97.8 85.6 52.1 42.4 43.6

(0.24) (2.18) (1.30) (0.96) (2.02) (0.61) (1.78) (1.74) (1.91) (2.08)

Percentage of schools with certain services Long distance learning offered ................................................................ Students permitted to check out computer hardware .............................. Students permitted to check out computer software................................

21.2 2.2 6.9

(0.48) (0.14) (0.31)

15.2 1.2 4.5

(0.61) (0.16) (0.36)

23.2 0.7 8.4

(4.25) (0.22) (2.22)

14.3 1.2 4.4

(0.81) (0.23) (0.54)

13.7 1.6 4.5

(1.14) (0.33) (0.67)

17.4 0.5 3.3

(1.61) (0.19) (0.79)

38.1 5.5 14.3

(0.79) (0.41) (0.69)

45.7 6.1 13.8

(1.52) (0.73) (1.28)

36.0 3.6 12.4

(2.35) (0.78) (1.22)

31.5 5.0 15.2

(1.27) (0.62) (1.22)

32.3 6.9 16.2

(2.06) (1.20) (1.64)

Total students using library per 100 students each week1,2 ........................

94.9

(0.88)

106.6

(1.12)

202.2 (20.53)

121.9

(1.82)

109.0

(1.96)

80.6

(1.76)

73.4

(1.05)

119.0

(3.71)

80.4

(2.44)

69.6

(1.74)

59.9

(1.78)

Books checked out per 100 students each week2 .......................................

106.6

(1.63)

146.8

(2.46)

273.6 (28.68)

175.3

(4.55)

152.6

(3.89)

99.2

(2.95)

32.3

(1.36)

76.0

(3.99)

39.8

(3.31)

25.6

(1.40)

21.7

(2.67)

Average holdings per 100 students at the end of the school year Books (number of volumes) ..................................................................... Video materials (tape and disc) ............................................................... CD-ROM titles..........................................................................................

1,803 51 8

(19.7) (0.8) (0.3)

1,894 51 10

(26.6) (1.1) (0.5)

5,806 (416.1) 132 (22.0) 30 (6.0)

2,379 59 12

(46.4) (1.9) (0.6)

1,742 48 9

(30.9) (1.8) (0.4)

1,323 41 7

(51.2) (2.1) (1.5)

1,606 51 5

(25.8) (1.0) (0.3)

3,550 (137.1) 103 (6.2) 13 (0.9)

1,958 54 6

(88.2) (3.2) (0.8)

1,415 45 5

(39.4) (1.5) (0.8)

1,038 38 2

(32.1) (2.2) (0.2)

Total expenditures for library/media materials per pupil .............................. $23.37 (0.438) $22.99 (0.634) $68.71 (7.689) $24.88 (0.869) $21.07 (0.792) $20.98 (1.823) $23.84 (0.461) $42.15 (1.859) $29.88 (1.654) $21.31 (0.535) $18.20 (0.617) Books....................................................................................................... 9.97 (0.153) 10.47 (0.229) 25.13 (2.305) 11.32 (0.286) 10.09 (0.430) 9.26 (0.559) 8.95 (0.174) 14.89 (0.668) 10.68 (0.557) 8.19 (0.259) 7.16 (0.309) Video materials ........................................................................................ 1.07 (0.022) 1.04 (0.029) 2.31 (0.550) 1.12 (0.046) 0.98 (0.035) 0.97 (0.067) 1.13 (0.025) 2.04 (0.117) 1.25 (0.081) 1.03 (0.042) 0.89 (0.039) CD-ROM titles.......................................................................................... 0.59 (0.020) 0.55 (0.028) 1.92 (0.462) 0.66 (0.048) 0.55 (0.045) 0.36 (0.040) 0.64 (0.023) 1.02 (0.062) 0.74 (0.059) 0.68 (0.050) 0.46 (0.034) Current serial subscriptions ..................................................................... 1.26 (0.016) 0.98 (0.018) 3.67 (0.528) 1.20 (0.030) 0.87 (0.027) 0.71 (0.048) 1.75 (0.032) 3.91 (0.144) 2.30 (0.111) 1.57 (0.040) 1.04 (0.034) Electronic subscriptions ........................................................................... 0.81 (0.018) 0.32 (0.023) 0.73 (0.229) 0.34 (0.041) 0.30 (0.037) 0.30 (0.043) 1.74 (0.042) 2.00 (0.116) 1.92 (0.130) 1.79 (0.080) 1.56 (0.062) Microcomputer hardware ......................................................................... 7.48 (0.306) 7.31 (0.390) 30.98 (5.900) 7.77 (0.715) 6.71 (0.537) 6.39 (0.900) 7.68 (0.373) 14.94 (1.682) 10.71 (0.480) 6.15 (0.320) 5.70 (0.439) Other audiovisual equipment ................................................................... 2.19 (0.181) 2.32 (0.274) 3.97 (1.202) 2.48 (0.324) 1.59 (0.102) 2.98 (0.778) 1.94 (0.071) 3.35 (0.214) 2.28 (0.144) 1.90 (0.104) 1.40 (0.094) 1

Public school data include charter schools. the most recent full week of school. NOTE: Percentages are based on schools that have library/media centers. Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. 2During

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public School Library Media Center Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; and “Charter School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared August 2004.)

672 CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology Libraries

_

CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology 673 Libraries _

Table 411. Selected statistics on public school libraries/media centers, by state: 1999–2000 Percent of centers offering selected services/equipment

State

Automated catalog

1

Automated circulation system

2

Connection to the Internet

5

6

United States ............

72.8

(0.69)

74.4

(0.65)

90.1

(0.57)

43.0

(0.68)

1.89 (0.018)

Alabama ............................ Alaska................................ Arizona .............................. Arkansas............................ California ...........................

83.7 76.1 86.1 75.8 66.5

(2.53) (2.79) (3.39) (3.47) (3.63)

85.4 67.4 88.5 79.9 76.7

(2.30) (3.17) (3.17) (3.04) (3.21)

85.1 91.6 91.6 86.6 71.3

(2.92) (1.84) (2.40) (3.23) (3.83)

40.6 35.4 51.4 23.0 37.8

(4.09) (2.87) (4.19) (2.52) (3.57)

1.76 1.43 1.97 1.50 1.73

Colorado ............................ Connecticut........................ Delaware............................ District of Columbia ........... Florida................................

86.9 57.2 80.3 33.8 94.1

(2.65) (2.73) (3.53) (3.03) (1.48)

86.3 59.8 88.7 35.4 96.8

(2.45) (2.83) (2.99) (3.46) (0.99)

96.8 87.2 97.3 78.1 95.1

(1.27) (2.31) (1.10) (2.93) (1.22)

41.6 42.9 35.0 26.7 90.6

(4.21) (3.80) (4.39) (3.34) (1.53)

Georgia.............................. Hawaii ................................ Idaho.................................. Illinois................................. Indiana...............................

99.7 87.9 79.4 61.4 70.0

(0.29) (2.62) (2.38) (3.70) (3.75)

99.7 94.0 82.9 59.9 72.9

(0.29) (1.95) (2.13) (3.76) (4.18)

96.3 96.8 95.6 89.6 89.0

(1.56) (1.43) (1.46) (2.25) (2.61)

71.4 50.6 30.5 34.9 50.2

Iowa ................................... Kansas............................... Kentucky ............................ Louisiana ........................... Maine.................................

75.1 76.4 77.9 53.5 54.4

(3.31) (3.99) (3.96) (4.84) (4.54)

70.3 77.4 77.3 62.5 52.8

(3.90) (4.00) (4.16) (5.45) (4.82)

97.2 94.8 97.9 88.0 99.3

(1.13) (2.36) (1.07) (3.86) (0.63)

Maryland............................ Massachusetts................... Michigan ............................ Minnesota .......................... Mississippi .........................

83.3 54.0 69.5 91.1 70.7

(3.21) (3.83) (4.08) (2.56) (2.94)

81.4 49.8 68.1 91.8 76.2

(3.52) (3.67) (4.04) (2.80) (2.41)

94.5 96.8 84.1 95.9 89.8

Missouri ............................. Montana............................. Nebraska ........................... Nevada .............................. New Hampshire .................

71.8 52.8 68.1 89.0 57.6

(6.17) (3.07) (3.42) (3.10) (5.89)

70.7 52.0 69.1 91.6 60.4

(6.26) (2.98) (3.17) (2.76) (5.20)

New Jersey ........................ New Mexico ....................... New York............................ North Carolina ................... North Dakota .....................

62.6 69.1 57.7 89.8 54.2

(3.67) (5.59) (3.86) (2.79) (3.44)

63.1 62.4 54.8 95.7 49.5

Ohio ................................... Oklahoma .......................... Oregon............................... Pennsylvania...................... Rhode Island .....................

54.8 66.1 77.6 62.4 46.4

(3.99) (4.39) (4.09) (5.47) (2.07)

South Carolina................... South Dakota ..................... Tennessee ......................... Texas ................................. Utah ...................................

96.5 52.1 69.2 84.0 87.5

Vermont ............................. Virginia............................... Washington........................ West Virginia...................... Wisconsin .......................... Wyoming............................

62.2 99.0 90.8 48.2 81.0 75.7

1Includes

3

Average number Video laser disc of staff per or DVD library1,2

4

Books checked out per 100 students each week3

7

Books held at Total expenditure end of year per for materials per 100 students student2

8 (1.63)

9 1,803

10

94.9

(0.88)

106.6

(0.039) (0.061) (0.061) (0.042) (0.068)

102.4 97.5 92.4 94.8 75.9

(5.40) (2.78) (4.99) (3.98) (2.51)

119.3 (9.04) 137.5 (14.08) 113.0 (11.08) 115.6 (8.40) 86.7 (5.17)

1,908 (158.4) 2,855 (90.7) 1,897 (147.1) 2,038 (82.4) 1,399 (85.8)

17.08 25.46 15.73 22.38 17.66

(0.870) (2.353) (1.050) (2.309) (1.272)

1.99 2.06 1.51 1.16 2.53

(0.077) (0.062) (0.073) (0.030) (0.192)

107.3 102.0 85.1 64.7 93.7

(5.34) (2.40) (3.59) (2.53) (4.81)

100.9 87.9 63.2 36.2 101.1

(5.45) (6.06) (9.15) (4.52) (6.97)

1,758 (90.4) 2,092 (126.3) 1,435 (76.3) 2,066 (184.0) 1,567 (102.0)

25.68 27.74 18.94 12.59 31.24

(2.551) (1.341) (2.573) (1.710) (5.676)

(3.42) (4.15) (2.55) (4.09) (3.84)

2.33 1.54 1.75 2.03 1.93

(0.122) (0.049) (0.038) (0.103) (0.045)

111.1 87.3 122.9 95.0 95.3

(6.45) (3.15) (3.09) (3.47) (2.15)

119.4 (7.67) 113.7 (12.93) 202.4 (12.44) 82.9 (6.55) 114.2 (7.93)

1,586 (53.5) 1,622 (37.5) 2,374 (122.9) 1,545 (76.2) 2,177 (173.4)

24.39 14.31 49.49 22.54 23.93

(1.426) (1.214) (2.183) (1.727) (1.683)

41.0 43.3 49.7 25.8 15.5

(3.86) (3.90) (4.25) (3.85) (1.95)

2.36 1.85 1.64 1.27 1.73

(0.244) (0.053) (0.064) (0.088) (0.066)

133.0 119.3 119.2 75.3 102.5

(4.98) (5.08) (8.64) (3.73) (2.74)

140.9 (8.98) 182.7 (12.96) 123.7 (8.25) 71.7 (7.48) 102.5 (6.89)

2,517 (74.0) 2,637 (104.3) 1,758 (47.2) 1,602 (63.9) 2,931 (224.6)

26.52 25.72 30.43 15.23 26.00

(1.683) (1.222) (3.961) (2.208) (1.233)

(2.28) (1.28) (2.89) (1.21) (2.28)

50.4 31.9 44.6 43.3 29.2

(6.04) (5.21) (4.21) (5.38) (2.61)

1.68 1.87 1.76 2.43 1.54

(0.093) (0.078) (0.097) (0.097) (0.034)

82.6 83.7 93.5 126.8 80.0

(3.02) (2.89) (3.80) (9.32) (2.84)

130.3 (39.71) 63.8 (4.46) 92.2 (7.03) 127.3 (12.41) 100.4 (7.64)

1,401 (61.5) 1,635 (68.9) 1,703 (68.0) 2,486 (174.2) 1,985 (175.3)

28.47 18.76 23.18 36.34 19.66

(4.900) (1.091) (2.222) (6.738) (1.414)

89.2 88.1 95.5 78.0 89.0

(3.33) (2.57) (1.55) (3.23) (5.84)

49.3 31.2 38.2 36.0 36.5

(6.03) (3.10) (3.33) (3.03) (4.74)

1.63 1.66 1.85 1.71 1.83

(0.083) (0.058) (0.073) (0.064) (0.100)

100.5 145.5 101.9 83.3 103.1

(5.71) (6.37) (4.19) (2.15) (4.24)

110.7 (9.85) 153.5 (9.31) 160.8 (16.46) 83.6 (4.03) 94.2 (7.51)

2,250 3,578 3,253 1,665 1,862

(123.4) (150.2) (206.2) (187.1) (84.3)

30.59 32.59 37.44 14.13 22.73

(2.178) (1.721) (3.549) (1.573) (1.392)

(3.70) (5.24) (3.81) (1.65) (3.38)

87.8 78.5 86.6 95.3 94.1

(2.76) (5.16) (2.12) (2.12) (1.40)

31.8 28.0 29.8 69.4 24.7

(3.62) (5.10) (2.47) (3.79) (2.29)

1.78 1.53 2.12 2.11 1.81

(0.060) (0.068) (0.086) (0.063) (0.073)

82.9 92.4 78.1 90.4 130.8

(2.52) (8.04) (3.26) (4.86) (3.62)

81.6 (6.64) 123.8 (15.98) 66.3 (3.37) 117.1 (7.99) 167.4 (8.35)

1,905 (81.0) 2,064 (245.4) 1,473 (55.3) 1,591 (76.7) 5,180 (251.9)

23.28 22.81 18.31 28.51 40.87

(1.549) (2.374) (1.415) (2.208) (2.946)

53.1 68.4 80.2 64.4 51.5

(3.68) (3.58) (3.57) (5.44) (1.92)

89.9 82.8 90.0 88.9 95.6

(3.24) (3.22) (3.54) (4.76) (1.04)

32.0 25.0 41.7 28.3 12.8

(4.21) (3.49) (4.59) (4.05) (1.46)

1.77 1.95 1.84 1.90 1.84

(0.152) (0.061) (0.068) (0.096) (0.034)

96.1 107.4 102.7 92.6 70.0

(3.71) (4.61) (5.42) (4.72) (1.02)

87.2 (6.64) 117.5 (10.90) 156.7 (33.01) 94.5 (6.97) 68.6 (1.88)

1,536 (62.7) 2,257 (100.5) 2,655 (204.4) 2,011 (192.1) 1,505 (33.6)

18.71 31.40 18.97 21.88 16.04

(2.181) (3.148) (1.267) (1.759) (0.656)

(1.42) (4.15) (4.67) (2.60) (3.14)

93.6 44.7 75.5 88.3 88.7

(2.62) (3.74) (3.97) (2.39) (2.76)

98.2 93.4 95.3 93.6 96.2

(0.76) (1.35) (2.38) (2.20) (1.50)

54.4 40.8 53.3 44.8 60.3

(4.11) (3.66) (4.73) (3.14) (3.88)

1.97 1.62 1.79 1.90 1.69

(0.055) (0.076) (0.076) (0.054) (0.065)

84.3 155.9 86.7 103.2 76.3

(2.61) (7.93) (4.89) (5.12) (3.46)

105.7 (7.00) 135.2 (6.82) 143.2 (14.03) 145.5 (7.35) 114.1 (20.51)

1,515 (33.6) 4,006 (315.8) 1,516 (58.3) 1,800 (61.0) 1,256 (51.3)

24.84 38.18 18.81 24.32 16.84

(1.777) (1.916) (4.114) (1.590) (1.982)

(2.82) (0.66) (2.23) (4.91) (3.63) (4.47)

60.3 98.0 91.4 47.5 86.0 76.8

(2.94) (0.79) (2.20) (5.12) (2.92) (4.49)

93.7 98.1 98.1 93.4 97.9 93.8

(4.09) (1.05) (0.95) (2.20) (1.37) (1.89)

13.3 74.6 65.2 57.6 42.2 39.9

(2.87) (4.19) (3.94) (5.45) (3.80) (4.60)

1.74 1.88 2.04 0.92 2.09 1.80

(0.101) (0.064) (0.047) (0.058) (0.057) (0.071)

117.2 87.7 128.2 96.2 138.3 122.8

(4.93) (2.77) (8.97) (5.30) (7.54) (6.94)

93.3 (7.97) 110.6 (6.62) 137.4 (9.23) 75.2 (7.77) 146.7 (12.59) 126.2 (7.72)

2,783 1,849 2,068 1,692 2,719 3,341

36.30 22.98 24.62 19.08 39.38 32.08

(2.424) (1.550) (2.363) (1.680) (3.107) (2.182)

professional and nonprofessional staff. Includes public charter schools. 3 During the most recent full week of school. NOTE: Percentages are based on schools that have library/media centers. Standard errors appear in parentheses. 2

Total students using library per 100 students each week2,3

(19.7) $23.37

(171.9) (166.7) (120.8) (73.4) (198.2) (272.1)

(0.438)

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), “Public School Library Media Center Questionnaire,” 1999–2000; and “Charter School Questionnaire,” 1999–2000, unpublished data. (This table was prepared August 2004.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

674 CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology Libraries _

Table 412. Collections, staff, and operating expenditures of college and university libraries: Selected years, 1976–77 through 1999–2000 Collections, staff, and operating expenditures 1 Number of libraries ............................................................................

1976–771

1978–791

1981–82

1984–85

1987–88

1991–92

1994–95

1996–97

1997–98 1999–2000

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

3,058

3,122

3,104

3,322

3,438

3,274

3,303

3,408

3,658

3,527

Number of circulation transactions ....................................................

—

—

—

—

—

—

231,503

230,733

216,067

193,948

Total enrollment, in thousands2 ......................................................... Full-time-equivalent2 ......................................................................

11,121 8,313

11,392 8,348

12,372 9,015

12,242 8,952

12,767 9,230

14,359 10,361

14,279 10,348

14,300 10,402

14,502 10,615

14,791 10,944

Collections, in thousands Number of volumes at end of year3 ............................................... Number of volumes added during year.......................................... Number of serial subscriptions at end of year ............................... Microform units at end of year ....................................................... Electronic units at end of year5 ......................................................

481,442 22,367 4,670 — —

519,895 21,608 4,775 — —

567,826 19,507 4,890 — —

631,727 20,658 6,317 — —

718,504 21,907 6,416 — —

749,429 20,982 6,966 — —

776,447 21,544 6,212 — 465

806,717 21,346 5,709 — 983

878,906 24,551 4 10,908 1,062,082 3,473

913,547 24,436 7,499 1,111,389 —

Library staff, in full-time equivalents (FTE) Total staff in regular positions6 ....................................................... Librarians and professional staff ................................................ Other paid staff .......................................................................... Contributed services .................................................................. Student assistants ......................................................................... FTE student enrollment per FTE staff............................................ Hours of student and other assistance, in thousands ....................

57,087 23,308 33,779 — — 146 39,950

58,416 23,676 34,740 — — 143 39,552

58,476 23,816 34,660 — — 154 40,068

58,476 21,822 38,026 — — 153 28,360

67,251 25,115 40,733 1,403 33,821 137 —

67,166 26,341 40,421 404 29,075 154 —

67,433 26,726 40,381 326 28,411 153 —

67,581 27,268 40,022 291 27,998 154 —

68,337 30,041 38,026 270 28,373 155 —

69,123 31,001 37,893 229 26,518 158 —

Library operating expenditures7 Operating expenditures, total, in thousands................................... $1,259,637 $1,502,158 $1,943,769 $2,404,524 $2,770,075 $3,648,654 $4,013,333 $4,301,815 $4,592,657 $5,023,198 698,090 824,438 1,081,894 1,156,138 1,451,551 1,889,368 2,021,233 2,147,842 2,314,380 2,430,541 Salaries8 .................................................................................... Hourly wages ............................................................................. 68,683 79,535 100,847 — — — — — — — Fringe benefits ........................................................................... — — — 231,209 — — — — — 271,954 Preservation............................................................................... 22,521 25,274 30,351 32,939 34,144 43,126 46,554 45,610 42,919 43,832 Furniture/equipment................................................................... — — — — — — 55,915 56,128 57,013 63,459 Computer hardware/software..................................................... — — — — — — 128,128 157,949 164,379 160,294 Utilities/networks/consortia ........................................................ — — — — — — 81,106 85,113 89,618 90,264 Information resources ................................................................ 373,699 450,180 561,199 750,282 891,281 1,197,293 1,348,933 1,499,249 1,600,995 1,822,277 Books and serial backfiles—paper ......................................... — — — — — — — — 514,048 552,100 Books and serial backfiles—electronic................................... — — — — — — — — 28,061 33,888 Current serials—paper ........................................................... — — — — — — — — 849,399 945,958 Current serials—electronic..................................................... — — — — — — — — 125,470 203,371 Audiovisual materials ............................................................. — — — — — 23,879 28,753 28,879 30,623 32,039 Document delivery/interlibrary loan........................................ — — — — — — 12,238 17,645 19,309 20,540 Other collection expenditures................................................. 373,699 450,180 561,199 750,282 891,281 1,173,414 1,307,942 1,452,725 34,086 34,381 Other library operating expenditures.......................................... 96,643 122,731 169,478 233,957 393,099 518,867 331,463 309,925 323,354 140,579 Operating expenditures per FTE student....................................... 152 180 216 269 300 352 388 414 433 459 Operating expenditures per FTE student in constant 9 495 504 439 487 497 488 494 499 513 520 2004–05 dollars ...................................................................... Operating expenditures, total, in percents ..................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 55.4 54.9 55.7 48.1 52.4 51.8 50.4 49.9 50.4 48.4 Salaries8 .................................................................................... Hourly wages ............................................................................. 5.5 5.3 5.2 — — — — — — — Fringe benefits ........................................................................... — — — 9.6 — — — — — 5.4 Preservation............................................................................... 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 Information resources ................................................................ 29.7 30.0 28.9 31.2 32.2 32.8 33.6 34.9 34.9 36.3 7.7 8.2 8.7 9.7 14.2 14.2 14.9 14.2 13.8 9.0 Other library operating expenditures10....................................... Library operating expenditures as percent of total institutional expenditures for educational and general purposes ................ 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.8 — — — —Not available. 1Includes data for U.S. territories. 2 Fall enrollment for the academic year specified. 3Includes data for schools newly added to the survey system, so end of year figure exceeds total of additions plus end of year value from previous year. 4 Includes microform and electronic serials. 5Electronic files, formerly labeled “Computer files.” 6Excludes student assistants. 7 Excludes capital outlay. 8Includes expenditures for fringe benefits (except for 1984–85 and 1987–88), salary equivalents of contributed services staff, and hourly wages for 1996–97 and 1997–98.

9Constant

dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. 10 Includes furniture/equipment, computer hardware/software, and utilities/networks/consortia as well as expenditures classified as “other library operating expenditures.” NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Library Statistics of Colleges and Universities, selected years, 1976–77 through 1984–85; and 1987–88 through 1999–2000 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, “Academic Libraries Survey” (IPEDS-L:88–98) and “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:87–99); and Academic Libaries Survey (ALS), 2000. (This table was prepared February 2006.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology 675 Libraries

Table 413. Collections, staff, and operating expenditures of the 60 largest college and university libraries: 1999–2000

Rank order, by number of volumes

Institution

Number of volumes Full-time-equivalent staff at end of year, in thousands Total Librarians

Operating expenditures, in thousands

Total

Salaries and wages

Public service hours per week

Gate count per week

Reference transactions per week

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Harvard University (MA) ........................................................................ Yale University (CT) ............................................................................... University of Illinois, Urbana Campus.................................................... University of California, Berkeley........................................................... University of Texas, Austin .....................................................................

1 2 3 4 5

14,437 10,496 9,470 9,108 7,936

1,328 655 517 649 556

387 187 92 106 117

$80,862 47,252 27,699 38,430 31,438

$43,107 19,855 14,916 20,302 16,153

107 111 107 98 147

36,058 13,517 33,140 33,140 94,411

8,739 4,000 9,384 3,765 8,073

University of California, Los Angeles ..................................................... University of Michigan, Ann Arbor ......................................................... Stanford University (CA) ........................................................................ Columbia University, Main Division (NY) ............................................... University of Chicago (IL) ......................................................................

6 7 8 9 10

7,517 7,348 7,286 7,266 6,558

630 601 630 524 325

143 152 112 131 68

41,267 36,484 57,815 34,400 22,635

20,978 19,057 28,368 16,739 9,708

87 168 98 104 111

83,138 63,025 23,660 18,910 32,755

3,154 4,261 2,233 1,428 1,800

Indiana University, Bloomington............................................................. University of Wisconsin, Madison .......................................................... University of Washington ....................................................................... University of Minnesota, Twin Cities ...................................................... Cornell University (NY) ..........................................................................

11 12 13 14 15

6,315 6,057 6,051 5,857 5,522

441 514 488 430 461

93 171 129 99 91

26,459 31,292 30,784 29,994 27,259

11,655 16,575 15,317 15,011 12,278

115 131 135 106 114

79,905 98,804 33,140 40,000 20,729

9,554 5,614 6,000 4,341 1,625

Ohio State University, Main Campus ..................................................... Princeton University (NJ) ....................................................................... University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill ............................................... Duke University (NC) ............................................................................. University of Pennsylvania.....................................................................

16 17 18 19 20

5,394 5,315 5,133 4,961 4,914

439 388 415 368 395

91 102 132 107 118

26,275 29,363 24,986 24,895 30,051

12,627 12,947 12,034 10,804 12,386

168 110 147 122 115

36,051 20,001 40,931 22,183 35,500

10,940 1,510 4,100 3,329 5,200

Rutgers University (NJ).......................................................................... University of Virginia, Main Campus...................................................... New York University ............................................................................... Michigan State University ...................................................................... University of Arizona..............................................................................

21 22 23 24 25

4,737 4,679 4,396 4,360 4,267

320 363 417 280 289

71 97 94 66 65

18,716 25,844 28,695 18,443 17,736

11,371 14,182 14,227 8,207 7,343

106 119 119 143 168

61,665 65,000 38,000 39,817 31,538

1,689 5,500 5,995 1,371 1,883

University of Kansas, Main Campus...................................................... University of Iowa .................................................................................. Northwestern University (IL) .................................................................. University of Pittsburgh, Main Campus (PA) .......................................... University of Oklahoma, Norman Campus ............................................ University of Georgia .............................................................................

26 27 28 29 30 31

4,250 4,120 4,083 3,822 3,703 3,702

262 306 345 344 159 356

59 74 92 95 28 74

14,313 21,099 20,667 20,941 9,797 20,083

6,858 9,423 9,683 8,462 3,486 8,936

98 107 114 122 85 101

8,741 41,547 12,859 43,663 16,316 28,846

1,206 6,888 2,332 6,000 1,467 2,554

University of Southern California ........................................................... University of Florida............................................................................... Washington University (MO) .................................................................. University of South Carolina at Columbia.............................................. University of Hawaii, Manoa ..................................................................

32 33 34 35 36

3,526 3,525 3,426 3,222 3,205

369 404 263 296 243

80 103 77 78 64

25,034 23,291 20,098 17,221 14,226

12,493 10,159 7,073 7,591 6,652

159 110 117 111 65

59,154 55,979 32,485 50,000 30,459

1,203 3,182 1,934 3,500 3,080

Arizona State University ........................................................................ Syracuse University, Main Campus (NY)............................................... Wayne State University (MI) .................................................................. Louisiana State U. & A&M & Hebert Laws Center................................. Brown University (RI).............................................................................

37 38 39 40 41

3,191 3,127 3,117 3,098 3,082

299 232 289 208 231

83 47 47 48 60

19,111 11,852 17,878 11,340 14,278

8,628 5,534 8,615 4,991 6,833

102 105 97 113 101

43,062 12,660 61,499 38,057 24,915

3,936 3,838 11,446 4,347 54,963

University of Rochester (NY) ................................................................. Johns Hopkins University (MD) ............................................................. Pennsylvania State University, Main Campus........................................ University of Massachusetts at Amherst................................................ University of Missouri, Columbia ...........................................................

42 43 44 45 46

3,077 3,066 3,001 2,991 2,968

215 337 416 189 233

65 74 64 50 57

12,311 24,303 24,792 13,069 12,953

5,753 9,456 11,559 6,650 5,458

117 120 168 105 104

20,939 28,933 68,408 25,500 23,425

1,306 2,532 6,109 2,235 2,285

Brigham Young University (UT).............................................................. North Carolina State University at Raleigh ............................................ University of Colorado, Boulder ............................................................. State University of New York, Buffalo..................................................... Kansas State University.........................................................................

47 48 49 50 51

2,960 2,945 2,920 2,879 2,863

319 309 234 209 115

83 91 55 60 35

15,601 19,165 15,918 12,464 8,737

7,855 7,929 7,044 6,742 3,833

101 146 104 94 91

69,040 35,323 1,963 48,000 11,672

10,000 2,202 4,466 4,394 2,803

University of Maryland, College Park Campus ...................................... University of California, Davis................................................................ University of Utah .................................................................................. University of Kentucky ........................................................................... Southern Illinois University, Carbondale ................................................

52 53 54 55 56

2,850 2,830 2,828 2,826 2,812

300 260 382 356 220

115 50 68 85 35

21,553 15,680 20,860 19,641 12,604

9,289 8,413 9,268 8,528 5,507

98 95 115 144 151

69,330 31,800 38,406 42,746 14,757

6,170 3,120 7,003 2,098 2,683

University of Notre Dame (IN)................................................................ Texas A & M University .......................................................................... Miami University, Oxford Campus (OH) ................................................. University of California, San Diego ........................................................

57 58 59 60

2,795 2,748 2,663 2,654

244 394 161 321

53 84 39 48

17,225 21,851 8,400 20,333

7,218 9,567 3,577 10,682

126 116 118 106

26,685 65,097 21,676 33,157

685 1,469 2,817 2,907

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, “Academic Libraries Survey” (ALS), 2000. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

676 CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology Libraries

Table 414. Selected statistics of public libraries, by population size of legal service area: Fiscal year 2002 Population of legal service area1 Total

Under 10,000

10,000 to 49,999

50,000 to 99,999

100,000 to 249,999

250,000 to 499,999

500,000 and over

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Number of public library service outlets....................................................................

17,359

5,718

4,280

1,793

2,194

1,165

2,209

Central libraries.....................................................................................................

8,986

5,405

2,644

512

289

78

58

Branch libraries.....................................................................................................

7,500

246

1,354

1,104

1,734

1,008

2,054

Bookmobiles .........................................................................................................

873

67

282

177

171

79

97

Books and serial volumes .....................................................................................

680,195

101,725

190,977

94,227

115,668

80,521

97,079

Audio and video materials and films .....................................................................

55,712

6,673

15,497

8,128

9,655

6,515

9,242

Serial subscriptions...............................................................................................

1,681

278

496

223

249

176

259

10,129

Selected statistic 1

Collections, in thousands

Paid staff, in full-time equivalents Librarians ..............................................................................................................

44,920

6,343

11,986

5,498

6,191

4,773

Librarians with ALA-MLS2 .................................................................................

30,428

1,258

7,160

3,977

4,940

3,733

9,360

Other staff .............................................................................................................

91,300

5,315

21,036

12,432

16,641

10,439

25,437

$8,585,738

$554,775

$1,928,637

$1,109,796

$1,417,605

$983,264

$2,591,662

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Income, in thousands Total operating income.......................................................................................... Percentage distribution of operating income, by source Total ......................................................................................................................

100.0

100.0

Federal3 ................................................................................................................

0.6

0.8

0.4

0.5

0.8

0.4

0.6

State .....................................................................................................................

11.7

9.5

11.8

13.3

10.8

11.8

11.8

Local .....................................................................................................................

79.1

74.7

79.3

78.8

81.7

80.8

78.0

Other and private ..................................................................................................

8.7

15.0

8.5

7.5

6.8

7.1

9.6

1The

number of people in the geographic area for which a public library has been established to offer services and from which (or on behalf of which) the library derives income, plus any areas served under contract for which the library is the primary service provider. 2Librarians with a master’s degree (MLS) from a graduate library education program accredited by the American Library Association (ALA).

3Excludes

some federal funds received through state library agencies. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Data include imputations for nonresponse. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Public Libraries in the United States: Fiscal Year 2002. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology 677 Libraries _

Table 415. Public libraries, books and serial volumes, library visits, and reference transactions, by state: Fiscal year 2002

State 1

Number of public libraries, excluding branches

Number of books and serial volumes (in thousands)

Number of books and serial volumes per capita

Library visits per capita1

Circulation per capita

Public library reference transactions per capita2

2

3

4

5

6

7

United States ..........................................................

9,137

785,075

2.8

4.5

6.8

1.1

Alabama .......................................................................... Alaska.............................................................................. Arizona ............................................................................ Arkansas.......................................................................... California .........................................................................

207 85 35 47 179

8,913 2,272 9,109 5,357 68,291

2.0 3.5 1.7 2.1 2.0

3.0 4.4 3.7 2.9 4.1

3.8 5.8 7.0 4.3 5.3

0.7 0.5 0.9 0.6 1.0

Colorado .......................................................................... Connecticut...................................................................... Delaware.......................................................................... District of Columbia ......................................................... Florida..............................................................................

115 194 21 1 72

11,469 14,336 1,488 2,650 30,775

2.7 4.2 1.9 4.6 1.8

5.8 6.5 3.7 3.5 4.0

9.9 8.9 6.2 2.1 5.3

1.3 1.2 0.6 1.9 1.5

Georgia............................................................................ Hawaii .............................................................................. Idaho................................................................................ Illinois............................................................................... Indiana.............................................................................

58 1 106 627 239

14,869 3,052 3,636 42,390 23,667

1.9 2.5 3.1 3.7 4.2

3.3 4.6 5.8 5.5 6.3

4.8 5.8 7.9 7.9 11.7

1.0 0.9 0.8 1.4 1.3

Iowa ................................................................................. Kansas............................................................................. Kentucky .......................................................................... Louisiana ......................................................................... Maine...............................................................................

538 323 116 65 274

11,494 10,691 8,154 11,092 6,016

3.9 4.8 2.0 2.5 5.1

5.3 5.8 3.6 2.9 5.0

9.1 10.1 5.4 4.0 7.1

0.7 1.2 0.5 1.1 0.8

Maryland.......................................................................... Massachusetts................................................................. Michigan .......................................................................... Minnesota ........................................................................ Mississippi .......................................................................

24 370 383 142 49

15,389 30,795 31,695 16,115 5,712

3.0 4.9 3.2 3.2 2.1

5.2 5.5 4.1 5.2 2.8

9.4 7.6 5.8 9.7 3.3

1.4 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.5

Missouri ........................................................................... Montana........................................................................... Nebraska ......................................................................... Nevada ............................................................................ New Hampshire ...............................................................

148 79 275 22 230

18,204 2,652 6,152 4,137 5,725

3.6 2.9 4.4 1.9 4.5

4.5 4.0 5.2 4.1 4.7

7.7 5.7 8.7 5.5 7.3

0.9 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.7

New Jersey ...................................................................... New Mexico ..................................................................... New York.......................................................................... North Carolina ................................................................. North Dakota ...................................................................

309 89 751 76 82

31,203 4,098 79,003 16,243 2,246

3.7 2.5 4.2 2.0 4.1

5.1 3.3 5.7 3.8 4.2

6.3 4.9 6.9 5.4 7.4

0.9 0.6 1.7 0.9 0.8

Ohio ................................................................................. Oklahoma ........................................................................ Oregon............................................................................. Pennsylvania.................................................................... Rhode Island ...................................................................

250 110 124 451 48

48,075 6,345 8,811 28,548 4,109

4.2 2.2 2.8 2.4 3.9

6.9 4.7 5.9 3.4 5.7

14.6 5.9 13.4 5.1 6.8

1.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.9

South Carolina................................................................. South Dakota ................................................................... Tennessee ....................................................................... Texas ............................................................................... Utah .................................................................................

41 125 184 557 72

8,379 2,837 10,376 36,890 6,063

2.1 4.7 1.8 1.9 2.7

3.5 5.9 3.1 3.0 5.0

4.6 8.4 4.0 4.5 11.7

1.1 0.9 0.7 1.1 1.4

Vermont ........................................................................... Virginia............................................................................. Washington...................................................................... West Virginia.................................................................... Wisconsin ........................................................................ Wyoming..........................................................................

189 90 64 97 380 23

2,739 19,385 17,133 5,010 18,864 2,420

4.7 2.7 2.9 2.8 3.5 4.9

5.2 4.5 4.8 3.4 5.7 5.6

6.7 8.5 10.1 4.2 9.7 7.8

0.8 1.1 1.5 0.8 1.0 0.9

1

The total number of persons entering the library for any purpose during the year. reference transaction is an information contact which involves the knowledge, use, recommendations, interpretation, or instructions in the use of one or moreinformation sources by a member of the library staff. 2A

NOTE: Data include imputations for nonresponse. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Public Libraries in the United States: Fiscal Year 2002. (This table was prepared March 2005.)

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Instructional level1 Schools, computers, instructional rooms, and access 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Estimated total number of schools 1995......................................................................... 1997......................................................................... 1998......................................................................... 1999......................................................................... 2000......................................................................... 2001......................................................................... 2002......................................................................... 2003......................................................................... 1998 (standard error)............................................... 1999 (standard error)............................................... 2000 (standard error)............................................... 2001 (standard error)............................................... 2002 (standard error)............................................... 2003 (standard error)............................................... Percent of schools having access to the Internet 1994......................................................................... 1995......................................................................... 1996......................................................................... 1997......................................................................... 1998......................................................................... 1999......................................................................... 2000......................................................................... 2001......................................................................... 2002......................................................................... 2003......................................................................... 1998 (standard error)............................................... 1999 (standard error)............................................... 2000 (standard error)............................................... 2001 (standard error)............................................... 2002 (standard error)............................................... 2003 (standard error)............................................... Number of computers for instructional purposes, in thousands 19954 ....................................................................... 1997......................................................................... 1998......................................................................... 1999......................................................................... 2000......................................................................... 2001......................................................................... 2002......................................................................... 2003......................................................................... 1998 (standard error)............................................... 1999 (standard error)............................................... 2000 (standard error)............................................... 2001 (standard error)............................................... 2002 (standard error)............................................... 2003 (standard error)............................................... See notes at end of table.

Size of school enrollment

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch2

Metropolitan status

All public schools

Elementary

Secondary

Less than 300

300 to 999

1,000 or more

City

Urban fringe

Town

Rural

Less than 35 percent

35 to 49 percent

50 to 74 percent

75 percent or more

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

77,853 79,125 78,791 78,399 80,127 81,066 82,036 82,232 (333) (665) (650) (492) (780) (763)

57,705 59,695 59,173 59,575 59,782 61,640 62,134 62,298 (293) (722) (569) (527) (647) (759)

18,083 19,430 19,193 17,110 18,414 17,627 17,608 17,889 (220) (521) (359) (414) (371) (396)

20,673 20,540 20,095 20,018 20,067 20,665 21,429 21,623 (479) (1,263) (697) (589) (761) (697)

50,044 51,169 50,655 50,389 51,887 51,968 51,876 51,952 (467) (681) (206) (274) (253) (448)

7,136 7,416 8,041 7,992 8,173 8,433 8,731 8,657 (165) (291) (217) (139) (145) (154)

17,906 21,071 20,698 21,034 21,115 17,997 18,550 18,803 (88) (605) (1,380) (1,416) (963) (1,160)

18,464 23,419 26,265 26,245 26,584 26,260 26,431 26,485 (98) (514) (1,746) (1,002) (922) (1,060)

19,539 12,637 11,306 11,235 11,879 10,180 10,774 10,597 (182) (343) (1,323) (746) (1,080) (1,098)

21,944 21,998 20,522 19,885 20,550 26,628 26,280 26,347 (273) (506) (1,478) (1,087) (1,289) (1,422)

37,450 37,525 38,156 35,653 36,563 34,928 34,989 32,501 (1,530) (1,211) (1,215) (1,191) (1,194) (1,381)

13,627 12,250 12,088 13,908 12,414 14,753 13,243 14,869 (1,185) (977) (792) (1,203) (1,050) (1,111)

12,808 16,302 13,967 16,099 17,030 16,627 19,040 18,577 (991) (1,067) (1,071) (995) (1,134) (1,095)

13,166 12,864 14,541 11,993 13,912 14,710 14,765 16,285 (1,263) (949) (923) (814) (862) (999)

35 50 65 78 89 95 98 99 99 3 100 (1.3) (0.8) (0.5) (0.3) (0.5) (0.2)

30 46 61 75 88 94 97 99 99 3 100 (1.6) (1.0) (0.7) (0.4) (0.6) (0.2)

49 65 77 89 94 98 3 100 3 100 3 100 100 (2.1) (0.8) (0.2) (0.2) (0.5) (#)

30 39 57 75 87 96 96 99 99 100 (3.4) (1.5) (1.7) (1.0) (1.7) (#)

35 52 66 78 89 94 98 99 3 100 3 100 (1.4) (1.0) (0.5) (0.4) (0.2) (0.2)

58 69 80 89 95 96 99 3 100 3 100 100 (2) (2) (1) (#) (#) (#)

40 47 64 74 92 93 96 97 99 00 (2) (2) (1) (1) (1) (#)

38 59 75 78 85 96 98 99 3 100 3 100 (2.8) (1.2) (1.2) (0.5) (#) (0.5)

29 47 61 84 90 94 98 3 100 98 100 (3.2) (2.5) (1.2) (#) (2.2) (#)

35 48 60 79 92 96 99 3 100 98 100 (3.4) (1.4) (0.9) (0.1) (1.0) (#)

39 60 74 86 92 95 99 99 98 100 (2.0) (1.1) (0.7) (0.6) (1.0) (#)

35 48 59 81 93 98 99 3 100 3 100 100 (2.2) (0.9) (0.7) (#) (#) (#)

32 41 53 71 88 96 97 99 3 100 100 (3.0) (1.7) (1.3) (0.5) (#) (#)

18 31 53 62 79 89 94 97 99 99 (3.7) (3.1) (1.7) (1.1) (0.9) (0.8)

5,621 5,959 7,111 7,806 8,776 10,058 10,711 11,180 (183) (147) (174) (180) (237) (265)

3,453 3,701 4,519 4,923 5,296 6,165 6,775 6,879 (145) (114) (149) (165) (187) (234)

2,021 2,258 2,549 2,728 3,271 3,654 3,705 4,087 (94) (103) (113) (98) (105) (115)

850 839 952 1,021 1,135 1,085 1,347 1,275 (53) (76) (73) (57) (101) (77)

3,600 3,767 4,414 4,952 5,524 6,273 6,533 6,709 (136) (127) (121) (140) (181) (179)

1,171 1,353 1,744 1,834 2,117 2,700 2,831 3,196 (106) (101) (103) (85) (101) (118)

1,497 1,727 2,148 2,320 2,537 2,685 2,662 2,825 (74) (113) (179) (192) (158) (163)

1,526 2,084 2,606 2,975 3,396 3,791 4,043 4,188 (129) (121) (213) (168) (173) (177)

1,404 934 1,047 1,022 1,155 1,134 1,320 1,357 (58) (50) (132) (78) (172) (139)

1,195 1,214 1,311 1,489 1,689 2,448 2,686 2,810 (77) (75) (131) (142) (164) (220)

2,905 3,154 3,630 3,900 4,394 4,781 4,982 5,049 (198) (152) (147) (206) (170) (252)

806 886 1,105 1,245 1,373 1,707 1,673 1,923 (114) (115) (93) (120) (172) (165)

950 1,013 1,127 1,429 1,606 1,862 2,265 2,248 (89) (116) (112) (132) (137) (139)

882 890 1,235 1,170 1,384 1,698 1,792 1,960 (155) (98) (107) (117) (136) (110)

678 CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology Computers and Technology

_

s r e t u pmoTable C 416. Public schools and instructional rooms with access to the Internet, by selected school characteristics: 1994 through 2003

s r e t u pmoTable C 416. Public schools and instructional rooms with access to the Internet, by selected school characteristics: 1994 through 2003—Continued Instructional level1 Schools, computers, instructional rooms, and access 1

Size of school enrollment

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch2

Metropolitan status

All public schools

Elementary

Secondary

Less than 300

300 to 999

1,000 or more

City

Urban fringe

Town

Rural

Less than 35 percent

35 to 49 percent

50 to 74 percent

75 percent or more

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

72 75 90 100 110 124 131 136

60 62 76 83 89 100 109 110

112 116 133 159 178 207 210 228

41 41 47 51 57 52 63 59

72 74 87 98 106 121 126 129

164 183 217 229 259 320 324 369

84 82 104 110 120 149 144 150

83 89 99 113 128 144 153 158

72 74 93 91 97 111 123 128

54 55 64 75 82 92 102 107

78 84 95 109 120 137 142 155

59 72 91 90 111 116 126 129

74 62 81 89 94 112 119 121

67 69 85 98 99 115 122 120

1998 (standard error)............................................... 1999 (standard error)............................................... 2000 (standard error)............................................... 2001 (standard error)............................................... 2002 (standard error)............................................... 2003 (standard error)...............................................

(2.3) (2.2) (2.0) (2.3) (2.8) (2.6)

(2.4) (2.2) (2.4) (2.7) (2.9) (3.1)

(4.9) (6.4) (5.3) (6.2) (6.4) (4.9)

(2.6) (2.5) (3.1) (2.5) (4.1) (2.9)

(2.5) (2.3) (2.3) (2.6) (3.5) (3.2)

(13.0) (10.7) (9.0) (10.1) (10.8) (11.0)

(3.6) (4.7) (4.9) (6.4) (6.4) (6.1)

(4.9) (4.2) (4.3) (4.7) (5.2) (5.6)

(5.2) (4.2) (5.6) (6.0) (9.3) (6.7)

(3.6) (3.6) (3.6) (4.0) (4.5) (4.9)

(3.7) (2.8) (3.4) (4.9) (4.7) (5.9)

(6.1) (6.8) (5.9) (5.8) (8.5) (7.0)

(4.5) (5.6) (5.7) (6.0) (5.3) (5.6)

(7.7) (5.2) (5.5) (5.0) (5.9) (5.1)

Number of instructional computers with access to the Internet, in thousands 19954 ....................................................................... 1998......................................................................... 1999......................................................................... 2000......................................................................... 2001......................................................................... 2002......................................................................... 2003.........................................................................

447 3,569 4,809 6,759 8,500 9,658 10,361

232 2,100 2,773 3,813 4,936 5,912 6,225

187 1,450 1,945 2,779 3,357 3,525 3,935

59 407 663 882 874 1,214 1,156

315 2,276 2,988 4,191 5,229 5,827 6,169

73 887 1,158 1,686 2,396 2,618 3,036

96 1,026 1,265 1,782 2,175 2,329 2,593

131 1,334 1,887 2,688 3,178 3,677 3,887

126 481 691 955 1,008 1,222 1,264

94 727 966 1,335 2,139 2,431 2,616

286 2,064 2,762 3,608 4,225 4,586 4,751

46 608 778 1,064 1,447 1,474 1,724

57 439 810 1,215 1,529 2,049 2,121

36 458 428 858 1,289 1,549 1,726

1998 (standard error)............................................... 1999 (standard error)............................................... 2000 (standard error)............................................... 2001 (standard error)............................................... 2002 (standard error)............................................... 2003 (standard error)...............................................

(173) (145) (174) (176) (236) (270)

(148) (111) (136) (144) (183) (237)

(79) (89) (113) (92) (105) (117)

(38) (60) (69) (61) (97) (71)

(140) (132) (114) (139) (183) (186)

(73) (68) (97) (89) (102) (122)

(87) (94) (148) (164) (145) (160)

(105) (93) (178) (150) (160) (168)

(46) (50) (111) (74) (162) (128)

(73) (70) (91) (137) (148) (217)

(151) (140) (139) (196) (167) (244)

(79) (59) (80) (105) (158) (158)

(48) (79) (93) (114) (129) (134)

(78) (55) (87) (101) (122) (107)

Percent of instructional computers with access to the Internet 19954 ....................................................................... 1998......................................................................... 1999......................................................................... 2000......................................................................... 2001......................................................................... 2002......................................................................... 2003.........................................................................

8 50 62 77 85 90 93

7 46 56 72 80 87 90

9 57 71 85 92 95 96

7 43 65 78 81 90 91

9 52 60 76 83 89 92

6 51 63 80 89 92 95

6 48 55 70 81 87 92

9 51 63 79 84 91 93

9 46 68 83 89 93 93

8 55 65 79 87 90 93

10 57 71 82 88 92 95

6 55 62 77 85 88 90

6 39 57 76 82 90 94

4 37 37 62 76 86 88

1998 (standard error)............................................... 1999 (standard error)............................................... 2000 (standard error)............................................... 2001 (standard error)............................................... 2002 (standard error)............................................... 2003 (standard error)...............................................

(1.7) (1.4) (1.1) (0.8) (0.8) (0.6)

(2.5) (1.6) (1.5) (1.2) (1.1) (0.8)

(2.1) (2.4) (1.2) (0.8) (0.6) (0.8)

(3.4) (3.0) (2.6) (2.8) (1.8) (1.9)

(2.2) (1.7) (1.3) (1.2) (0.9) (0.8)

(3.4) (3.6) (1.8) (1.4) (1.3) (1.0)

(3.0) (2.6) (2.1) (2.1) (1.6) (1.0)

(2.8) (2.4) (1.7) (1.5) (1.2) (1.1)

(4.1) (3.1) (2.5) (2.1) (1.9) (1.6)

(3.4) (2.7) (2.1) (1.3) (1.4) (1.3)

(2.0) (2.2) (1.2) (1.2) (1.1) (0.8)

(4.2) (3.6) (2.9) (2.0) (2.0) (2.3)

(2.9) (2.8) (2.6) (2.5) (1.5) (1.0)

(4.6) (3.6) (3.1) (2.2) (1.6) (1.5)

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology 679 Computers and Technology

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

2

Average number of instructional computers per school 19954 ....................................................................... 1997......................................................................... 1998......................................................................... 1999......................................................................... 2000......................................................................... 2001......................................................................... 2002......................................................................... 2003.........................................................................

Instructional level1 Schools, computers, instructional rooms, and access 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Number of public school students per instructional computer with access to the Internet 1998......................................................................... 1999......................................................................... 2000......................................................................... 2001......................................................................... 2002......................................................................... 2003......................................................................... 1998 (standard error)............................................... 1999 (standard error)............................................... 2000 (standard error)............................................... 2001 (standard error)............................................... 2002 (standard error)............................................... 2003 (standard error)............................................... Number of instructional rooms,5 in thousands 1997......................................................................... 1998......................................................................... 1999......................................................................... 2000......................................................................... 2001......................................................................... 2002......................................................................... 2003......................................................................... 1998 (standard error)............................................... 1999 (standard error)............................................... 2000 (standard error)............................................... 2001 (standard error)............................................... 2002 (standard error)............................................... 2003 (standard error)............................................... Percent of instructional rooms5 with access to the Internet 1994......................................................................... 1995......................................................................... 1996......................................................................... 1997......................................................................... 1998......................................................................... 1999......................................................................... 2000......................................................................... 2001......................................................................... 2002......................................................................... 2003......................................................................... 1998 (standard error)............................................... 1999 (standard error)............................................... 2000 (standard error)............................................... 2001 (standard error)............................................... 2002 (standard error)............................................... 2003 (standard error)...............................................

Size of school enrollment

Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch2

Metropolitan status

All public schools

Elementary

Secondary

Less than 300

300 to 999

1,000 or more

City

Urban fringe

Town

Rural

Less than 35 percent

35 to 49 percent

50 to 74 percent

75 percent or more

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

12.1 9.1 6.6 5.4 4.8 4.4 (0.6) (0.3) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1)

13.6 10.6 7.8 6.1 5.2 4.9 (0.9) (0.4) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2)

9.9 7.0 5.2 4.3 4.1 3.8 (0.4) (0.3) (0.2) (0.1) (0.1) (0.1)

9.1 5.7 3.9 4.1 3.1 3.2 (0.7) (0.4) (0.3) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2)

12.3 9.4 7.0 5.6 5.0 4.7 (0.7) (0.4) (0.2) (0.1) (0.2) (0.1)

13.0 10.0 7.2 5.4 5.1 4.3 (1.0) (0.6) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2)

14.1 11.4 8.2 5.9 5.5 5.0 (1.2) (0.8) (0.4) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2)

12.4 9.1 6.6 5.7 4.9 4.6 (0.9) (0.4) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2)

12.2 8.2 6.2 5.0 4.4 4.1 (1.2) (0.6) (0.3) (0.3) (0.4) (0.2)

8.6 6.6 5.0 4.6 4.0 3.8 (0.8) (0.4) (0.3) (0.1) (0.2) (0.2)

10.6 7.6 6.0 4.9 4.6 4.2 (0.6) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2) (0.1) (0.1)

10.9 9.0 6.3 5.2 4.5 4.4 (1.2) (0.4) (0.4) (0.2) (0.3) (0.3)

15.8 10.0 7.2 5.6 4.7 4.4 (1.4) (0.8) (0.4) (0.3) (0.2) (0.2)

16.8 16.8 9.1 6.8 5.5 5.1 (2.5) (2.2) (0.7) (0.3) (0.3) (0.2)

2,625 2,709 2,811 2,905 2,851 2,988 3,004 (41) (36) (35) (31) (37) (47)

1,720 1,772 1,830 1,864 1,854 2,006 1,998 (29) (33) (28) (30) (30) (44)

906 916 926 972 929 919 952 (25) (29) (24) (18) (19) (20)

335 349 360 377 332 396 378 (15) (26) (22) (17) (25) (18)

1,725 1,740 1,805 1,871 1,829 1,896 1,919 (34) (39) (23) (23) (20) (33)

566 620 645 657 690 696 707 (21) (30) (23) (15) (16) (16)

830 839 857 866 726 748 777 (22) (29) (56) (49) (36) (45)

902 981 1,049 1,086 1,068 1,101 1,104 (24) (33) (61) (46) (39) (51)

388 390 375 413 339 378 375 (14) (16) (47) (24) (40) (38)

505 498 530 541 718 761 748 (17) (23) (39) (36) (48) (54)

1,336 1,372 1,325 1,380 1,299 1,368 1,281 (60) (46) (46) (48) (45) (51)

375 413 477 465 486 451 524 (39) (34) (28) (34) (38) (39)

462 451 541 570 551 648 626 (29) (42) (36) (35) (38) (38)

447 471 437 482 510 520 512 (42) (34) (29) (29) (33) (34)

3 8 14 27 51 64 77 87 92 93 (1.8) (1.6) (1.1) (0.9) (0.6) (0.5)

3 8 13 24 51 62 76 86 92 93 (2.3) (1.8) (1.5) (1.1) (0.8) (0.7)

4 8 16 32 52 67 79 88 91 94 (2.1) (2.6) (1.6) (1.2) (1.0) (0.9)

3 9 15 27 54 71 83 87 91 93 (3.7) (3.2) (2.8) (2.1) (1.9) (1.6)

3 8 13 28 53 64 78 87 93 93 (2.2) (1.9) (1.5) (1.1) (0.7) (0.7)

3 4 16 25 45 58 70 86 89 94 (3.9) (3.0) (2.2) (1.7) (1.7) (1.1)

4 6 12 20 47 52 66 82 88 90 (3.2) (2.6) (2.2) (2.1) (1.6) (1.0)

4 8 16 29 50 67 78 87 92 94 (2.9) (2.5) (2.0) (1.3) (0.9) (0.9)

3 8 14 34 55 72 87 91 96 97 (4.0) (3.4) (2.6) (2.2) (1.1) (0.9)

3 8 14 30 57 71 85 89 93 94 (3.6) (3.0) (1.7) (1.3) (1.0) (1.2)

3 9 17 33 57 73 82 90 93 95 (2.4) (2.3) (1.5) (1.2) (0.8) (1.0)

2 6 12 33 60 69 81 89 90 93 (5.1) (3.4) (2.9) (2.2) (2.1) (1.4)

4 6 11 20 41 61 77 87 91 94 (3.9) (3.1) (2.8) (2.4) (1.4) (1.1)

2 3 5 14 38 38 60 79 89 90 (4.3) (4.4) (3.3) (2.4) (1.9) (1.5)

#Rounds to zero. 1 Excludes combined elementary/secondary schools because of small sample size. 2 Excludes schools with missing data for free and reduced-price lunch participation. 3This estimate fell between 99.5 percent and 100.0 percent and therefore was rounded to 100 percent. 4 Includes computers used for instructional or administrative purposes.

5Includes

all classrooms, computer labs, and library/media centers. NOTE: Data are derived from sample surveys and are subject to sampling error. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Fast Response Survey System (FRSS), Internet Access in U.S. Public Schools and Classrooms: 1994–2003; and unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared April 2005.)

680 CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology Computers and Technology

s r e t u pmoTable C 416. Public schools and instructional rooms with access to the Internet, by selected school characteristics: 1994 through 2003—Continued

_

Table 417. Use of the Internet by persons 3 years old and over, by type of use and selected characteristics of students and other users: 2003

Selected characteristic

Number of persons using the Internet, in thousands

1

Percent of internet users using the Internet for various activities during the year1 Percent using the Internet anywhere

2 Total, all persons...... 161,636

Percent using the Internet at school

3

School assignments

4

E-mail and messaging

5

Playing games

6

Online courses

7

Product purchases and information

8

News, weather, and sports

9

Health information2

10

Government information3

11

Conduct financial transactions3,4

12

Look for jobs3

13

14

58.7

(0.14)

—

(†)

—

(†)

82.1

(0.15)

42.2

(0.19)

5.6

(0.09)

71.2

(0.17)

60.6

(0.19)

39.3

(0.20)

44.7

(0.21)

30.4

(0.19)

18.7

(0.16)

78,070 83,567

(343.4) (348.1)

58.2 59.2

(0.21) (0.20)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

80.4 83.7

(0.22) (0.20)

45.5 39.2

(0.27) (0.26)

5.4 5.7

(0.12) (0.12)

71.8 70.6

(0.25) (0.24)

65.5 55.9

(0.26) (0.26)

34.1 44.1

(0.28) (0.28)

45.5 44.0

(0.30) (0.29)

32.3 28.6

(0.28) (0.26)

19.1 18.3

(0.24) (0.22)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic....... 122,243 Black, non-Hispanic ....... 14,898 Hispanic ......................... 14,038 Other.............................. 10,457

(353.9) (131.5) (132.7) (133.9)

65.1 45.2 37.2 61.6

(0.17) (0.45) (0.43) (0.65)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†)

84.8 71.1 69.6 83.3

(0.16) (0.61) (0.68) (0.64)

41.4 50.2 43.0 39.5

(0.22) (0.67) (0.73) (0.84)

5.5 5.6 5.0 7.1

(0.10) (0.31) (0.32) (0.44)

74.4 59.7 57.2 68.4

(0.19) (0.66) (0.73) (0.79)

62.9 50.8 50.6 60.7

(0.21) (0.67) (0.74) (0.83)

41.1 33.6 30.1 37.6

(0.23) (0.67) (0.73) (0.87)

45.9 41.1 36.4 45.4

(0.24) (0.73) (0.81) (0.93)

31.3 22.3 26.6 35.2

(0.22) (0.62) (0.74) (0.89)

17.4 25.6 21.5 21.5

(0.18) (0.65) (0.69) (0.76)

Age 3 and 4........................... 5 to 9.............................. 10 to 14.......................... 15 to 19.......................... 20 to 24.......................... 25 to 29.......................... 30 to 39.......................... 40 to 49.......................... 50 to 59.......................... 60 to 69.......................... 70 or older......................

1,662 8,259 14,570 15,768 13,800 12,492 28,580 29,978 21,911 9,677 4,940

(62.5) (137.2) (179.4) (186.1) (174.9) (167.0) (242.3) (247.3) (215.9) (148.0) (106.9)

19.9 42.0 68.9 77.7 69.4 66.7 69.2 67.5 62.7 43.9 20.1

(0.67) (0.54) (0.49) (0.45) (0.50) (0.53) (0.35) (0.34) (0.40) (0.51) (0.39)

— — — — — — — — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — — — — — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

26.5 33.5 62.4 84.0 87.1 88.7 88.6 88.3 89.3 87.5 86.7

(1.67) (0.80) (0.62) (0.45) (0.44) (0.44) (0.29) (0.29) (0.32) (0.52) (0.74)

64.6 64.8 66.1 61.1 51.9 42.2 35.9 33.1 26.9 27.7 27.9

(1.81) (0.81) (0.60) (0.60) (0.65) (0.68) (0.44) (0.42) (0.46) (0.70) (0.98)

0.6 1.0 1.1 5.0 8.8 8.0 7.1 6.3 5.9 3.7 2.9

(0.29) (0.17) (0.13) (0.27) (0.37) (0.37) (0.23) (0.22) (0.24) (0.30) (0.37)

15.4 17.3 34.4 61.3 76.4 83.1 83.6 83.4 82.1 77.8 67.6

(1.36) (0.64) (0.61) (0.60) (0.56) (0.52) (0.34) (0.33) (0.40) (0.65) (1.03)

11.3 16.6 35.7 55.4 65.6 71.0 70.9 70.1 66.4 60.2 56.8

(1.19) (0.63) (0.61) (0.61) (0.62) (0.62) (0.41) (0.41) (0.49) (0.77) (1.08)

— — 6.2 13.2 28.4 44.7 45.0 48.0 50.5 49.3 47.6

(†) (†) (0.38) (0.42) (0.59) (0.68) (0.45) (0.44) (0.52) (0.78) (1.09)

— — — 19.3 36.2 50.2 49.9 50.9 51.2 45.6 37.8

(†) (†) (†) (0.48) (0.63) (0.69) (0.46) (0.44) (0.52) (0.78) (1.06)

— — — 8.6 27.6 41.3 38.8 34.6 30.0 24.2 19.0

(†) (†) (†) (0.34) (0.59) (0.68) (0.44) (0.42) (0.48) (0.67) (0.86)

— — — 10.5 30.5 31.5 23.3 19.0 12.8 6.1 2.4

(†) (†) (†) (0.38) (0.60) (0.64) (0.38) (0.35) (0.35) (0.37) (0.34)

Family income5 Less than $10,000 ......... $10,000 to $19,999........ $20,000 to $29,999........ $30,000 to $39,999........ $40,000 to $49,999........ $50,000 to $74,999........ $75,000 or more ............

5,290 8,119 12,830 15,730 13,596 32,025 48,795

(112.1) (195.6) (243.1) (267.2) (249.8) (365.2) (429.4)

31.5 32.5 43.8 54.3 64.8 71.8 82.9

(0.63) (0.66) (0.64) (0.65) (0.73) (0.47) (0.34)

— — — — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

— — — — — — —

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (†)

69.3 70.6 75.5 79.4 80.2 83.6 87.3

(1.11) (1.12) (0.84) (0.71) (0.76) (0.46) (0.33)

48.0 45.0 46.1 44.9 43.7 42.7 39.7

(1.20) (1.22) (0.97) (0.88) (0.94) (0.61) (0.49)

6.4 5.9 5.4 5.1 4.8 5.1 6.5

(0.59) (0.58) (0.44) (0.39) (0.40) (0.27) (0.25)

60.6 60.4 64.3 67.0 70.6 72.9 77.7

(1.17) (1.20) (0.94) (0.83) (0.86) (0.55) (0.42)

53.3 51.3 54.9 56.1 58.0 61.7 67.4

(1.20) (1.23) (0.97) (0.88) (0.94) (0.60) (0.47)

33.8 33.4 35.8 36.3 37.6 39.7 44.0

(1.21) (1.23) (0.99) (0.90) (0.97) (0.63) (0.52)

40.4 39.7 39.3 40.4 41.9 45.7 51.5

(1.31) (1.34) (1.04) (0.95) (1.02) (0.67) (0.54)

22.9 20.7 24.8 26.3 27.3 31.3 38.4

(1.12) (1.11) (0.92) (0.85) (0.92) (0.62) (0.53)

34.5 26.1 23.6 21.2 18.5 18.2 15.9

(1.27) (1.20) (0.91) (0.79) (0.80) (0.52) (0.40)

Total, all students.....

49,520

(300.6)

66.1

(0.27)

48.8

(0.28)

82.2

(0.26)

70.1

(0.32)

59.3

(0.34)

5.9

(0.16)

49.8

(0.35)

46.5

(0.35)

20.1

(0.33)

32.8

(0.45)

20.5

(0.39)

17.8

(0.37)

Elementary/secondary6 ..... 3 and 4 years old ........... 5 to 9 years old .............. 10 to 14 years old .......... 15 year old and over ...... College ..............................

34,636 1,063 8,116 14,422 11,035 14,884

(262.4) (50.1) (136.0) (178.5) (157.5) (181.2)

59.4 23.2 42.7 69.4 79.5 89.5

(0.31) (0.96) (0.55) (0.49) (0.53) (0.37)

43.3 7.6 26.1 53.4 63.6 68.1

(0.32) (0.60) (0.49) (0.53) (0.63) (0.56)

77.9 29.4 51.6 85.6 91.9 92.0

(0.34) (2.15) (0.85) (0.45) (0.40) (0.34)

60.6 25.1 33.3 62.4 81.6 92.4

(0.40) (2.05) (0.81) (0.62) (0.57) (0.34)

64.2 63.5 64.9 66.1 61.3 47.8

(0.40) (2.27) (0.82) (0.61) (0.71) (0.63)

2.0 ‡ 1.0 1.0 4.2 14.9

(0.12) (†) (0.17) (0.13) (0.29) (0.45)

37.1 12.7 17.3 34.2 57.8 79.2

(0.40) (1.57) (0.65) (0.61) (0.72) (0.51)

36.0 8.5 16.5 35.5 53.6 71.1

(0.40) (1.32) (0.63) (0.61) (0.73) (0.57)

9.3 — — 5.9 12.2 34.9

(0.31) (†) (†) (0.38) (0.48) (0.60)

15.8 — — — 15.8 45.4

(0.53) (†) (†) (†) (0.53) (0.63)

5.6 — — — 5.6 31.5

(0.34) (†) (†) (†) (0.34) (0.59)

7.0 — — — 7.0 25.8

(0.37) (†) (†) (†) (0.37) (0.55)

24,107

(225.2)

64.6

(0.38)

47.7

(0.40)

80.7

(0.39)

66.8

(0.47)

64.1

(0.48)

5.3

(0.22)

50.5

(0.50)

49.9

(0.50)

16.1

(0.44)

31.4

(0.65)

20.2

(0.56)

17.0

(0.52)

17,519 591 4,051 7,233 5,645 6,587

(195.3) (37.4) (97.0) (128.7) (114.1) (123.0)

58.4 24.2 41.8 68.1 77.9 90.0

(0.44) (1.34) (0.77) (0.70) (0.75) (0.54)

42.2 7.2 25.1 51.9 62.8 70.2

(0.44) (0.81) (0.68) (0.75) (0.87) (0.82)

76.6 26.9 50.4 84.0 91.2 91.4

(0.49) (2.81) (1.21) (0.66) (0.58) (0.53)

57.2 23.7 30.2 58.0 79.1 92.3

(0.58) (2.69) (1.11) (0.89) (0.83) (0.51)

67.5 66.4 66.8 68.9 66.3 55.1

(0.54) (2.99) (1.14) (0.84) (0.97) (0.94)

2.1 ‡ 1.2 1.4 3.9 13.6

(0.17) (†) (0.27) (0.21) (0.40) (0.65)

39.4 11.4 18.9 37.6 59.5 79.8

(0.57) (2.01) (0.95) (0.88) (1.01) (0.76)

39.3 8.7 17.8 38.1 59.6 77.9

(0.57) (1.79) (0.93) (0.88) (1.01) (0.79)

7.6 — — 4.6 9.9 29.2

(0.40) (†) (†) (0.48) (0.61) (0.86)

15.4 — — — 15.4 45.0

(0.74) (†) (†) (†) (0.74) (0.94)

5.6 — — — 5.6 32.7

(0.47) (†) (†) (†) (0.47) (0.89)

6.4 — — — 6.4 26.0

(0.50) (†) (†) (†) (0.50) (0.83)

Sex Male ............................... Female ...........................

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Sex Male ............................... Elementary/ secondary6 ........... 3 and 4 years old.... 5 to 9 years old....... 10 to 14 years old... 15 year old and over College....................... See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology 681 Computers and Technology

(309.1)

Selected characteristic

Number of persons using the Internet, in thousands

1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Female ........................... Elementary/ secondary6 ........... 3 and 4 years old.... 5 to 9 years old....... 10 to 14 years old... 15 year old and over College....................... Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic....... Elementary/ secondary6 ........... 3 and 4 years old.... 5 to 9 years old....... 10 to 14 years old... 15 year old and over College....................... Black, non-Hispanic ....... Elementary/ secondary6 ........... 3 and 4 years old.... 5 to 9 years old....... 10 to 14 years old... 15 year old and over College....................... Hispanic ......................... Elementary/ secondary6 ........... 3 and 4 years old.... 5 to 9 years old....... 10 to 14 years old... 15 year old and over College....................... Family income5 Less than $10,000 ......... $10,000 to $19,999........ $20,000 to $29,999........ $30,000 to $39,999........ $40,000 to $49,999........ $50,000 to $74,999........ $75,000 or more ............

Percent of internet users using the Internet for various activities during the year1 Percent using the Internet anywhere

2

Percent using the Internet at school

3

School assignments

4

E-mail and messaging

5

Playing games

6

Online courses

7

Product purchases and information

8

News, weather, and sports

9

Health information2

10

Government information3

11

Conduct financial transactions3,4

12

Look for jobs3

13

14

25,413

(230.4)

67.6

(0.37)

49.9

(0.40)

83.6

(0.36)

73.3

(0.43)

54.7

(0.48)

6.5

(0.24)

49.1

(0.48)

43.4

(0.48)

23.8

(0.48)

34.1

(0.62)

20.7

(0.53)

18.6

(0.51)

17,117 472 4,065 7,189 5,390 8,297

(193.2) (33.4) (97.2) (128.3) (111.6) (137.5)

60.5 21.9 43.7 70.7 81.2 89.0

(0.45) (1.37) (0.79) (0.69) (0.74) (0.50)

44.4 8.0 27.1 54.9 64.5 66.4

(0.45) (0.90) (0.71) (0.76) (0.90) (0.75)

79.3 32.5 52.9 87.3 92.6 92.4

(0.48) (3.32) (1.21) (0.60) (0.55) (0.45)

64.0 26.8 36.3 66.9 84.1 92.4

(0.56) (3.14) (1.16) (0.85) (0.77) (0.45)

60.8 60.0 62.9 63.3 56.0 42.0

(0.57) (3.47) (1.17) (0.87) (1.04) (0.83)

1.9 ‡ 0.7 0.7 4.4 15.9

(0.16) (†) (0.20) (0.15) (0.43) (0.62)

34.8 14.3 15.7 30.9 56.1 78.8

(0.56) (2.48) (0.88) (0.84) (1.04) (0.69)

32.6 8.3 15.1 32.9 47.4 65.7

(0.55) (1.95) (0.86) (0.85) (1.05) (0.80)

11.1 — — 7.1 14.6 39.4

(0.48) (†) (†) (0.57) (0.74) (0.83)

16.2 — — — 16.2 45.8

(0.77) (†) (†) (†) (0.77) (0.84)

5.7 — — — 5.7 30.4

(0.48) (†) (†) (†) (0.48) (0.78)

7.6 — — — 7.6 25.7

(0.56) (†) (†) (†) (0.56) (0.74)

34,066

(260.6)

73.4

(0.32)

54.0

(0.36)

82.6

(0.32)

74.0

(0.37)

60.1

(0.41)

6.0

(0.20)

52.9

(0.42)

48.8

(0.42)

20.8

(0.40)

34.6

(0.55)

21.9

(0.48)

16.7

(0.43)

23,592 769 5,557 9,836 7,430 10,475 5,810

(223.1) (42.6) (113.2) (149.1) (130.4) (153.6) (110.1)

67.1 26.8 49.6 78.2 87.4 92.7 53.0

(0.39) (1.27) (0.73) (0.57) (0.55) (0.38) (0.78)

48.7 7.2 30.4 60.4 69.6 70.3 40.8

(0.41) (0.74) (0.67) (0.67) (0.77) (0.66) (0.77)

78.2 23.9 49.7 87.4 92.9 92.4 82.6

(0.41) (2.37) (1.03) (0.52) (0.46) (0.40) (0.81)

65.1 24.1 35.4 68.5 87.2 94.0 57.4

(0.48) (2.37) (0.99) (0.72) (0.60) (0.36) (1.06)

65.7 63.5 65.5 67.8 63.4 47.5 61.5

(0.48) (2.67) (0.98) (0.72) (0.86) (0.75) (1.05)

1.9 ‡ 0.9 0.8 4.1 15.4 5.9

(0.14) (†) (0.19) (0.14) (0.36) (0.54) (0.51)

39.9 9.9 17.4 37.0 63.5 82.3 41.9

(0.49) (1.66) (0.78) (0.75) (0.86) (0.57) (1.06)

38.0 6.5 17.2 37.6 57.4 73.1 39.3

(0.49) (1.37) (0.78) (0.75) (0.88) (0.67) (1.05)

9.5 — — 5.4 12.9 35.7 18.8

(0.38) (†) (†) (0.44) (0.60) (0.72) (0.99)

17.3 — — — 17.3 46.8 28.2

(0.68) (†) (†) (†) (0.68) (0.75) (1.33)

6.7 — — — 6.7 32.7 12.7

(0.45) (†) (†) (†) (0.45) (0.71) (0.99)

5.8 — — — 5.8 24.4 22.8

(0.42) (†) (†) (†) (0.42) (0.65) (1.24)

4,137 103 925 1,732 1,377 1,673 5,862

(96.7) (16.6) (48.9) (65.8) (59.1) (64.8) (116.2)

46.6 15.0 33.1 53.6 63.6 80.0 49.1

(0.87) (2.24) (1.46) (1.44) (1.69) (1.43) (0.80)

36.2 7.2 21.5 42.7 54.5 60.7 34.9

(0.83) (1.62) (1.27) (1.42) (1.75) (1.75) (0.76)

79.1 51.6 58.2 83.8 89.2 91.4 77.6

(1.04) (8.06) (2.65) (1.45) (1.37) (1.12) (0.95)

46.8 32.5 27.1 45.5 62.7 83.5 58.0

(1.27) (7.55) (2.39) (1.96) (2.13) (1.48) (1.13)

64.9 56.8 65.6 68.6 60.4 53.0 53.3

(1.21) (7.99) (2.56) (1.83) (2.16) (2.00) (1.14)

2.0 ‡ 0.6 2.1 3.1 15.4 4.9

(0.36) (†) (0.40) (0.57) (0.76) (1.45) (0.49)

31.0 35.3 20.0 29.0 40.5 68.9 38.7

(1.18) (7.70) (2.15) (1.79) (2.17) (1.85) (1.11)

31.2 20.0 16.3 31.6 41.6 59.4 38.1

(1.18) (6.45) (1.99) (1.83) (2.17) (1.97) (1.11)

8.7 — — 8.2 9.2 33.9 16.2

(0.92) (†) (†) (1.33) (1.27) (1.89) (1.02)

11.7 — — — 11.7 41.9 27.3

(1.42) (†) (†) (†) (1.42) (1.97) (1.47)

1.6 — — — 1.6 21.8 15.9

(0.55) (†) (†) (†) (0.55) (1.65) (1.21)

11.5 — — — 11.5 32.2 18.6

(1.41) (†) (†) (†) (1.41) (1.87) (1.29)

4,517 114 1,095 1,855 1,454 1,344

(105.7) (18.6) (56.5) (72.3) (64.5) (62.2)

44.2 15.6 30.3 51.9 63.2 78.4

(0.86) (2.35) (1.33) (1.46) (1.76) (1.74)

31.2 7.2 17.9 38.7 47.9 56.9

(0.80) (1.67) (1.11) (1.42) (1.82) (2.09)

74.5 41.4 53.6 78.5 87.6 88.2

(1.13) (8.08) (2.63) (1.67) (1.51) (1.54)

49.1 16.2 26.6 48.2 69.8 88.1

(1.30) (6.04) (2.33) (2.03) (2.10) (1.54)

56.1 71.0 59.9 54.9 53.7 43.9

(1.29) (7.44) (2.59) (2.02) (2.28) (2.36)

2.8 ‡ 1.8 1.4 5.3 12.0

(0.43) (†) (0.70) (0.48) (1.02) (1.55)

29.1 7.0 15.2 25.5 45.8 71.2

(1.18) (4.19) (1.89) (1.77) (2.28) (2.16)

30.3 10.6 15.5 28.1 45.8 64.2

(1.19) (5.04) (1.91) (1.82) (2.28) (2.28)

8.6 — — 6.5 10.3 31.5

(0.95) (†) (†) (1.23) (1.39) (2.21)

13.9 — — — 13.9 41.8

(1.58) (†) (†) (†) (1.58) (2.35)

3.7 — — — 3.7 29.0

(0.87) (†) (†) (†) (0.87) (2.16)

9.0 — — — 9.0 29.0

(1.31) (†) (†) (†) (1.31) (2.16)

2,642 3,477 4,226 4,860 3,812 9,038 14,314

(84.7) (95.2) (103.0) (108.7) (98.9) (130.9) (132.1)

51.9 52.8 55.8 62.8 69.0 72.1 79.5

(1.22) (1.07) (1.00) (0.96) (1.09) (0.70) (0.53)

41.1 41.8 42.8 45.1 49.7 51.6 57.3

(1.21) (1.06) (0.99) (0.99) (1.17) (0.78) (0.64)

81.4 82.2 79.7 78.5 80.2 82.0 84.3

(1.32) (1.13) (1.08) (1.03) (1.13) (0.71) (0.53)

64.0 60.8 64.5 66.8 65.5 71.5 76.2

(1.63) (1.45) (1.29) (1.18) (1.35) (0.83) (0.62)

56.0 52.5 56.5 60.9 60.1 60.9 61.9

(1.69) (1.48) (1.33) (1.22) (1.39) (0.90) (0.71)

7.9 6.9 6.8 6.6 5.5 5.0 5.9

(0.92) (0.75) (0.68) (0.62) (0.64) (0.40) (0.34)

51.9 46.7 47.3 45.1 48.2 49.9 54.0

(1.70) (1.48) (1.34) (1.25) (1.41) (0.92) (0.73)

50.3 42.6 43.4 41.4 41.2 46.9 51.3

(1.70) (1.46) (1.33) (1.23) (1.39) (0.92) (0.73)

27.1 22.6 22.8 20.5 18.7 20.2 18.6

(1.71) (1.44) (1.32) (1.23) (1.33) (0.88) (0.69)

39.2 37.2 35.4 31.9 28.2 35.0 32.9

(2.07) (1.90) (1.75) (1.68) (1.82) (1.23) (0.97)

25.4 19.8 19.3 20.7 17.4 20.5 22.4

(1.85) (1.57) (1.44) (1.46) (1.53) (1.04) (0.86)

32.9 21.4 21.7 19.1 14.8 17.2 14.6

(1.99) (1.62) (1.51) (1.41) (1.43) (0.98) (0.73)

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Individuals may be counted in more than one internet activity. 2Data are for persons 12 years old and over. 3 Data are for persons 15 years old and over. 4Includes online banking and stock and securities transactions.

5Excludes

persons whose income data were not available. prekindergarten through grade 12. NOTE: Data are based on a sample survey of households and are subject to sampling and nonsampling error. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 2003, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared May 2005.)

6Includes

682 CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology Computers and Technology

Table 417. Use of the Internet by persons 3 years old and over, by type of use and selected characteristics of students and other users: 2003—Continued

Table 418. Number and percentage of home computer users, by type of application and selected characteristics: 1997 and 2003 1997

Selected characteristic

2003

Number of home computer users, in thousands

Percent of persons using computers at home

Number of home computer users, in thousands

2

3

4

1

Percent of persons using computers at home Word processing 5

Percent of home computer users using specific applications1 Connect to Internet

E-mail

7

8

6

Spreadsheets/ databases2 Graphics/design2 9

School assignments3

Household records/ finances2

11

12

10

Games 13

81,013 (600.0)

31.7

(0.16) 156,744

(954.0)

56.9

(0.16)

53.1

(0.22)

82.7

(0.17)

72.7

(0.19)

32.0

(0.23)

37.6

(0.24)

75.9

(0.29)

30.8

(0.22)

58.5

(0.22)

Sex Male .................................................. Female ..............................................

41,260 (412.6) 39,753 (384.7)

33.1 30.3

(0.22) (0.20)

76,777 79,967

(637.8) (627.8)

57.2 56.7

(0.22) (0.21)

49.5 56.7

(0.30) (0.28)

82.4 83.0

(0.23) (0.21)

70.5 74.8

(0.27) (0.24)

33.7 30.3

(0.32) (0.29)

39.5 35.9

(0.33) (0.30)

73.9 77.8

(0.42) (0.39)

31.6 30.1

(0.31) (0.29)

61.5 55.6

(0.29) (0.28)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic.......................... Black, non-Hispanic .......................... Hispanic ............................................ Other.................................................

68,026 4,943 4,081 3,963

(543.7) (136.3) (139.0) (136.6)

36.9 15.6 14.5 34.8

(0.19) 119,495 (0.36) 13,457 (0.41) 13,497 (0.88) 10,296

(801.4) (254.7) (300.2) (248.9)

63.7 40.8 35.8 60.7

(0.19) (0.48) (0.49) (0.74)

53.9 50.5 46.6 56.3

(0.25) (0.76) (0.85) (0.96)

84.9 74.4 72.4 81.1

(0.18) (0.67) (0.76) (0.76)

75.4 62.5 59.4 71.6

(0.22) (0.74) (0.83) (0.88)

32.6 26.8 27.8 36.4

(0.26) (0.77) (0.90) (1.06)

38.6 33.4 31.4 39.3

(0.27) (0.82) (0.93) (1.07)

75.4 79.3 74.9 76.7

(0.34) (0.89) (0.97) (1.14)

31.8 26.9 25.1 31.4

(0.26) (0.78) (0.87) (1.02)

58.0 64.8 59.5 54.2

(0.25) (0.73) (0.83) (0.97)

Age 3 to 14............................................... 15 and over ....................................... 15 to 19 ......................................... 20 to 24 ......................................... 25 to 29 ......................................... 30 to 39 ......................................... 40 to 49 ......................................... 50 to 59 ......................................... 60 to 69 ......................................... 70 or older.....................................

18,774 62,239 8,395 4,975 5,963 15,393 15,346 7,679 3,162 1,327

(249.8) (505.5) (162.3) (123.7) (135.8) (224.1) (223.7) (154.9) (98.1) (63.2)

39.1 30.0 43.1 28.5 31.7 35.8 38.3 28.5 16.2 5.9

(0.39) 30,772 (0.17) 125,972 (0.61) 14,656 (0.59) 11,848 (0.59) 11,059 (0.40) 26,407 (0.42) 27,660 (0.48) 19,976 (0.46) 9,233 (0.27) 5,134

(330.0) (813.4) (218.2) (194.7) (187.7) (302.3) (310.4) (258.5) (170.6) (125.7)

62.6 55.7 72.2 59.6 59.0 64.0 62.3 57.2 41.8 20.9

(0.38) (0.18) (0.54) (0.60) (0.62) (0.41) (0.40) (0.46) (0.57) (0.45)

37.9 56.8 68.9 63.7 56.0 54.3 55.4 55.4 51.8 43.9

(0.48) (0.24) (0.66) (0.76) (0.82) (0.53) (0.52) (0.61) (0.90) (1.20)

57.6 88.8 86.6 86.4 88.5 89.7 90.1 90.7 87.9 84.5

(0.49) (0.15) (0.49) (0.54) (0.52) (0.32) (0.31) (0.35) (0.59) (0.87)

34.5 82.0 77.9 80.6 83.7 83.3 82.7 83.4 81.9 78.1

(0.47) (0.19) (0.59) (0.63) (0.61) (0.40) (0.39) (0.45) (0.69) (1.00)

— 32.0 23.2 29.9 36.2 35.5 35.3 32.5 28.5 20.5

(†) (0.23) (0.60) (0.73) (0.79) (0.51) (0.50) (0.57) (0.81) (0.97)

— 37.6 43.8 40.9 42.1 40.6 37.3 33.6 29.0 20.6

(†) (0.24) (0.71) (0.78) (0.81) (0.52) (0.50) (0.58) (0.82) (0.98)

61.9 92.8 93.1 94.5 94.2 89.0 88.6 90.0 69.8 ‡

(0.44) (0.29) (0.34) (0.53) (0.96) (1.26) (1.67) (2.49) (9.14) (†)

— 30.8 6.2 20.5 37.1 37.6 37.5 34.4 31.8 25.4

(†) (0.22) (0.34) (0.64) (0.79) (0.52) (0.50) (0.58) (0.84) (1.05)

86.0 51.8 72.4 61.9 54.2 50.4 47.3 41.9 44.3 47.0

(0.34) (0.24) (0.64) (0.77) (0.82) (0.53) (0.52) (0.60) (0.89) (1.20)

Family income4 Under $20,000 .................................. $20,000 to $29,999........................... $30,000 to $39,999........................... $40,000 to $49,999........................... $50,000 to $74,999........................... $75,000 or more ...............................

7,374 7,819 10,370 9,627 21,685 24,138

(151.6) (156.3) (181.4) (174.4) (270.5) (287.3)

11.0 19.9 28.5 36.9 46.5 60.3

(0.21) (0.35) (0.41) (0.52) (0.40) (0.42)

(195.6) (197.2) (222.4) (207.1) (335.0) (433.0)

28.6 41.4 52.4 63.4 70.8 82.5

(0.38) (0.50) (0.51) (0.57) (0.37) (0.27)

48.5 47.7 45.6 50.1 51.9 61.3

(0.79) (0.78) (0.70) (0.75) (0.49) (0.38)

70.1 74.0 78.9 81.9 85.6 89.7

(0.72) (0.69) (0.57) (0.58) (0.34) (0.24)

59.9 64.5 68.7 71.6 74.8 79.8

(0.77) (0.75) (0.65) (0.68) (0.42) (0.31)

23.2 25.6 24.9 28.5 30.8 41.2

(0.75) (0.77) (0.68) (0.75) (0.50) (0.43)

31.5 32.4 31.8 35.6 37.4 45.1

(0.83) (0.82) (0.73) (0.80) (0.52) (0.43)

78.5 74.8 72.8 74.9 74.9 77.0

(0.85) (1.02) (0.95) (1.03) (0.66) (0.51)

22.5 24.7 27.1 28.8 30.5 37.8

(0.75) (0.76) (0.70) (0.76) (0.50) (0.42)

64.4 63.6 62.8 61.5 59.3 55.0

(0.76) (0.75) (0.68) (0.73) (0.48) (0.39)

—Not available. †Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. 1Individuals may be counted in more than one computer activity. 2Data are for persons 15 years old and over. 3 Data are for students only.

11,951 12,136 15,176 13,300 31,581 48,583

4Excludes

persons whose income data were not available. NOTE: Excludes persons under age 3. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 1997 and October 2003, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared August 2004.)

CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology 683 Computers and Technology

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total, age 3 and over...................

Selected characteristic of students

Percent of home computer users using specific applications1

Number in thousands

Number using computers at home, in thousands

Percent using computers at home

Games

Internet

School assignments

E-mail

Word processing

Graphics and design

Spreadsheets and databases

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1

Personal finances

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total, all students .....................

74,911

(340.2)

52,942

(307.6)

70.7

(0.26)

76.2

(0.28)

72.3

(0.30)

75.9

(0.29)

56.5

(0.33)

55.1

(0.33)

—

(†)

—

(†)

—

12 (†)

Elementary/secondary........................... Under age 5 ....................................... Ages 5 to 9......................................... Ages 10 to 14..................................... 15 years old or over ........................... White, non-Hispanic ....................... Black, non-Hispanic ....................... Hispanic ......................................... Other ..............................................

58,273 4,590 19,015 20,788 13,880 8,500 2,164 2,298 918

(317.3) (103.2) (202.7) (210.9) (175.4) (139.1) (73.0) (79.6) (51.9)

39,364 2,291 11,887 14,875 10,311 7,186 1,073 1,280 771

(276.1) (73.3) (163.1) (181.1) (152.5) (128.3) (52.5) (60.8) (47.7)

67.6 49.9 62.5 71.6 74.3 84.5 49.6 55.7 83.9

(0.30) (1.14) (0.54) (0.48) (0.57) (0.60) (1.76) (1.81) (2.12)

82.8 84.3 87.6 85.3 73.4 75.3 73.5 68.2 64.5

(0.29) (1.17) (0.47) (0.45) (0.67) (0.78) (2.21) (2.27) (3.01)

66.0 29.2 45.9 74.1 85.8 90.2 73.6 72.0 83.7

(0.37) (1.46) (0.70) (0.55) (0.53) (0.54) (2.20) (2.19) (2.33)

69.9 15.1 42.0 85.1 92.4 93.3 90.3 87.8 94.3

(0.36) (1.15) (0.70) (0.45) (0.40) (0.45) (1.48) (1.60) (1.46)

46.2 8.9 18.8 53.0 76.3 81.5 60.7 60.8 75.3

(0.39) (0.91) (0.55) (0.63) (0.64) (0.71) (2.44) (2.38) (2.71)

46.8 9.4 22.6 56.5 69.1 72.1 59.0 59.9 69.9

(0.39) (0.94) (0.59) (0.63) (0.70) (0.81) (2.46) (2.39) (2.89)

— — — — 43.1 46.3 38.9 30.0 41.4

(†) (†) (†) (†) (0.75) (0.91) (2.44) (2.24) (3.10)

— — — — 21.1 22.1 15.9 18.2 24.2

(†) (†) (†) (†) (0.62) (0.75) (1.83) (1.88) (2.70)

— — — — 4.5 4.7 3.5 6.1 2.2

(†) (†) (†) (†) (0.32) (0.38) (0.92) (1.17) (0.93)

Undergraduate....................................... White, non-Hispanic........................... Black, non-Hispanic ........................... Hispanic ............................................. Other..................................................

13,370 8,964 1,766 1,544 1,095

(172.4) (142.7) (66.4) (66.4) (56.5)

10,701 7,551 1,151 1,102 898

(155.2) (131.4) (54.3) (56.6) (51.4)

80.0 84.2 65.2 71.4 82.0

(0.53) (0.59) (1.86) (2.01) (2.03)

60.5 60.8 62.1 56.8 61.5

(0.73) (0.86) (2.34) (2.61) (2.84)

89.6 91.1 83.2 86.7 89.5

(0.45) (0.51) (1.80) (1.79) (1.79)

92.8 93.0 91.1 92.1 94.0

(0.39) (0.45) (1.37) (1.42) (1.38)

84.8 86.5 77.0 80.5 86.3

(0.53) (0.61) (2.03) (2.09) (2.01)

77.1 78.7 72.4 68.6 80.3

(0.63) (0.73) (2.16) (2.44) (2.32)

46.5 48.9 37.7 38.8 47.3

(0.74) (0.89) (2.34) (2.56) (2.91)

36.8 37.8 32.0 33.4 39.4

(0.72) (0.86) (2.25) (2.48) (2.85)

21.4 21.1 23.0 19.8 23.7

(0.61) (0.72) (2.03) (2.10) (2.48)

Graduate................................................

3,268

(84.9)

2,876

(81.4)

88.0

(0.98)

43.6

(1.60)

93.7

(0.79)

94.6

(0.73)

91.7

(0.89)

86.1

(1.12)

52.2

(1.61)

56.2

(1.60)

45.4

(1.61)

Males ..................................................... Elementary/secondary....................... Under age 5 ................................... Ages 5 to 9..................................... Ages 10 to 14................................. 15 years old or over........................ Undergraduate................................... Graduate............................................

37,323 30,005 2,437 9,703 10,622 7,243 5,902 1,416

(270.4) (247.3) (75.5) (148.2) (154.7) (128.8) (116.6) (57.7)

26,168 20,050 1,222 6,060 7,453 5,313 4,859 1,259

(233.4) (207.5) (53.7) (118.1) (130.6) (110.8) (106.1) (54.5)

70.1 66.8 50.2 62.5 70.2 73.4 82.3 88.9

(0.36) (0.42) (1.56) (0.76) (0.68) (0.80) (0.76) (1.29)

80.1 84.9 85.3 88.5 87.5 77.1 68.6 48.9

(0.38) (0.39) (1.56) (0.63) (0.59) (0.89) (1.02) (2.17)

71.2 65.3 30.3 44.6 73.9 84.8 89.7 93.8

(0.43) (0.52) (2.02) (0.98) (0.78) (0.76) (0.67) (1.04)

73.9 68.3 14.9 40.7 83.3 90.9 91.7 94.1

(0.42) (0.51) (1.57) (0.97) (0.66) (0.61) (0.61) (1.02)

53.0 43.1 10.7 16.6 48.0 73.8 84.0 91.6

(0.47) (0.54) (1.36) (0.74) (0.89) (0.93) (0.81) (1.21)

51.7 44.2 9.1 20.9 53.0 66.4 75.1 81.2

(0.48) (0.54) (1.26) (0.80) (0.89) (1.00) (0.96) (1.70)

— — — — — 43.3 50.2 53.0

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (1.05) (1.10) (2.16)

— — — — — 21.0 37.6 58.3

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (0.86) (1.07) (2.14)

— — — — — 4.2 22.3 46.9

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (0.42) (0.92) (2.16)

Females ................................................. Elementary/secondary....................... Under age 5 ................................... Ages 5 to 9..................................... Ages 10 to 14................................. 15 years old or over........................ Undergraduate................................... Graduate............................................

37,588 28,269 2,154 9,312 10,166 6,637 7,468 1,852

(271.1) (241.2) (71.1) (145.3) (151.5) (123.4) (130.7) (65.9)

26,774 19,315 1,069 5,827 7,422 4,997 5,842 1,617

(235.7) (204.1) (50.2) (115.9) (130.3) (107.5) (116.0) (61.7)

71.2 68.3 49.6 62.6 73.0 75.3 78.2 87.3

(0.36) (0.43) (1.66) (0.77) (0.68) (0.81) (0.74) (1.19)

72.3 80.7 83.2 86.7 83.1 69.6 53.9 39.5

(0.42) (0.44) (1.76) (0.69) (0.67) (1.00) (1.00) (1.87)

73.4 66.8 28.0 47.1 74.4 86.7 89.6 93.5

(0.42) (0.52) (2.11) (1.01) (0.78) (0.74) (0.62) (0.94)

77.8 71.6 15.3 43.3 86.8 94.0 93.7 95.1

(0.39) (0.50) (1.69) (1.00) (0.60) (0.52) (0.49) (0.83)

59.8 49.4 6.8 21.0 57.9 78.9 85.5 91.8

(0.46) (0.55) (1.18) (0.82) (0.88) (0.89) (0.71) (1.05)

58.4 49.5 9.8 24.4 60.0 71.8 78.8 90.0

(0.46) (0.55) (1.40) (0.87) (0.88) (0.98) (0.82) (1.15)

— — — — — 42.9 43.4 51.5

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (1.08) (1.00) (1.91)

— — — — — 21.3 36.2 54.5

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (0.89) (0.97) (1.91)

— — — — — 4.9 20.6 44.3

(†) (†) (†) (†) (†) (0.47) (0.81) (1.90)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 Individuals may be counted in more than one computer activity.

NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. Estimates as of October 1. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 2003, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared May 2005.)

684 CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology Computers and Technology

Table 419. Number and percentage of student home computer users, by type of application and selected characteristics: 2003

_

Table 420. Student use of computers, by level of enrollment, age, and student and school characteristics: 1993, 1997, and 2003

Student and school characteristic 1

1993

1997

2003

Total

Elementary and secondary1

College2

Total

Elementary and secondary1

2

3

4

5

6

Elementary and secondary1 College2

Total

Total

Under 5

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 years old or over

College2

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Percent of students using computers at school 59.0

(0.32)

60.1

(0.38)

54.7

(0.71)

68.8

(0.27)

70.4

(0.32)

62.9

(0.60)

83.8

(0.20)

83.5

(0.24)

42.6

(1.14)

80.1

(0.45)

90.3

(0.32)

91.2

(0.35)

84.9

(0.41)

59.4 58.7

(0.44) (0.45)

59.9 60.5

(0.53) (0.54)

57.4 52.4

(1.04) (0.96)

70.1 67.6

(0.37) (0.38)

71.0 69.9

(0.44) (0.46)

66.3 60.2

(0.88) (0.81)

83.7 83.8

(0.28) (0.28)

83.4 83.5

(0.34) (0.35)

43.5 41.5

(1.57) (1.66)

79.7 80.7

(0.64) (0.64)

90.1 90.6

(0.45) (0.45)

91.8 90.5

(0.47) (0.53)

85.3 84.6

(0.60) (0.55)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic......... Black, non-Hispanic ......... Hispanic ........................... Other................................

61.6 51.5 52.3 59.0

(0.37) (0.98) (1.50) (2.24)

63.8 50.6 52.3 57.7

(0.45) (0.98) (1.16) (2.50)

54.0 57.0 52.1 62.7

(0.81) (2.54) (4.06) (4.20)

71.1 66.3 61.5 65.3

(0.32) (0.74) (0.89) (1.32)

73.9 66.1 61.3 65.6

(0.38) (0.75) (0.69) (1.45)

62.1 66.8 62.6 64.6

(0.70) (1.78) (2.38) (2.56)

85.0 82.7 80.3 83.3

(0.24) (0.56) (0.60) (0.77)

84.9 82.5 79.8 81.7

(0.30) (0.67) (0.71) (1.01)

41.1 49.4 39.5 48.9

(1.44) (3.18) (3.22) (4.78)

82.5 78.5 75.6 76.3

(0.56) (1.30) (1.27) (1.89)

92.4 88.0 86.8 86.1

(0.37) (0.95) (1.01) (1.54)

91.9 89.9 88.5 94.1

(0.43) (1.01) (1.10) (1.20)

85.0 83.8 83.0 87.6

(0.49) (1.25) (1.50) (1.30)

Family income3 Less than $5,000 ............. $5,000 to $9,999.............. $10,000 to $14,999.......... $15,000 to $19,999.......... $20,000 to $24,999.......... $25,000 to $29,999.......... $30,000 to $34,999.......... $35,000 to $39,999.......... $40,000 to $49,999.......... $50,000 to $74,999.......... $75,000 or more ..............

51.2 53.3 56.4 58.1 56.4 60.0 59.1 60.7 59.3 62.6 64.6

(1.32) (1.06) (1.03) (1.18) (1.07) (1.13) (1.08) (1.11) (0.94) (0.73) (0.90)

48.1 53.1 56.7 59.4 56.3 61.9 61.3 63.3 60.8 64.9 67.0

(1.50) (1.17) (1.13) (1.30) (1.18) (1.25) (1.20) (1.21) (1.04) (0.82) (1.04)

62.4 54.3 55.1 52.3 56.6 52.4 50.5 49.0 53.1 55.0 58.2

(2.73) (2.51) (2.50) (2.77) (2.58) (2.61) (2.46) (2.67) (2.12) (1.58) (1.78)

62.1 63.5 66.2 65.9 66.9 68.5 67.6 69.0 70.5 71.7 72.1

(1.21) (1.02) (0.96) (1.10) (0.99) (1.01) (0.97) (0.98) (0.79) (0.57) (0.60)

61.6 61.9 66.4 66.5 67.5 70.4 71.0 71.1 72.6 74.2 75.1

(1.41) (1.14) (1.06) (1.21) (1.10) (1.11) (1.05) (1.08) (0.85) (0.63) (0.68)

63.4 70.4 65.2 63.2 64.3 61.2 53.9 60.4 60.9 63.2 63.9

(2.36) (2.20) (2.26) (2.72) (2.24) (2.37) (2.31) (2.35) (1.99) (1.28) (1.25)

80.9 84.4 81.7 81.3 81.3 81.9 82.2 87.1 83.5 83.8 85.6

(1.87) (1.43) (1.37) (1.57) (1.41) (1.32) (1.33) (1.17) (1.08) (0.71) (0.57)

79.5 82.4 80.0 79.8 80.3 81.3 82.5 87.5 84.2 84.0 85.6

(2.31) (1.74) (1.61) (1.84) (1.61) (1.48) (1.46) (1.30) (1.18) (0.80) (0.65)

42.4 49.2 50.1 26.6 43.7 35.6 40.1 54.8 47.1 35.7 39.2

(9.47) (7.71) (7.20) (7.08) (7.03) (7.03) (7.16) (7.43) (6.20) (3.64) (2.98)

78.3 77.8 74.1 77.0 73.0 78.0 78.5 85.2 80.0 80.5 85.3

(3.82) (3.30) (3.11) (3.27) (3.00) (2.66) (2.67) (2.37) (2.29) (1.53) (1.15)

86.9 91.3 84.6 89.1 88.9 87.0 90.6 94.0 90.8 92.6 92.7

(3.39) (2.18) (2.41) (2.38) (2.16) (2.21) (1.86) (1.53) (1.56) (0.94) (0.81)

86.5 88.3 90.4 89.2 92.6 90.8 88.8 90.4 90.3 92.4 93.2

(4.37) (3.04) (2.40) (3.09) (2.31) (2.21) (2.59) (2.48) (1.94) (1.21) (0.96)

83.8 90.1 88.0 86.7 85.3 84.4 80.9 85.7 80.4 83.1 85.8

(3.12) (2.35) (2.48) (2.92) (2.81) (2.90) (3.17) (2.69) (2.63) (1.56) (1.16)

Control of school Public ............................... Private..............................

60.2 52.1

(0.34) (0.85)

61.6 49.8

(0.40) (1.10)

54.0 57.3

(0.80) (1.52)

70.2 60.7

(0.28) (0.73)

72.1 58.6

(0.33) (0.96)

62.3 65.2

(0.68) (1.27)

85.2 75.4

(0.21) (0.60)

85.4 70.5

(0.25) (0.82)

47.7 37.1

(1.61) (1.61)

80.5 77.5

(0.48) (1.33)

90.5 89.1

(0.34) (1.09)

91.2 90.5

(0.36) (1.36)

84.6 86.1

(0.46) (0.85)

Total.............................

27.0

(0.28)

24.5

(0.33)

36.2

(0.65)

45.1

(0.29)

42.8

(0.34)

53.2

(0.62)

70.7

(0.24)

67.6

(0.30)

49.9

(1.16)

62.5

(0.55)

71.6

(0.49)

74.3

(0.54)

81.6

(0.44)

Sex Male ................................. Female .............................

27.4 26.6

(0.39) (0.39)

24.3 24.7

(0.45) (0.47)

40.1 33.0

(0.99) (0.87)

45.2 44.9

(0.40) (0.40)

43.2 42.5

(0.48) (0.49)

53.7 52.8

(0.93) (0.83)

70.1 71.2

(0.35) (0.34)

66.8 68.3

(0.43) (0.43)

50.2 49.6

(1.59) (1.69)

62.5 62.6

(0.77) (0.79)

70.2 73.0

(0.70) (0.69)

73.4 75.3

(0.76) (0.77)

83.6 80.0

(0.63) (0.60)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic......... Black, non-Hispanic ......... Hispanic ........................... Other................................

32.8 10.9 10.4 28.7

(0.35) (0.59) (0.90) (2.00)

30.8 8.7 7.9 25.8

(0.42) (0.54) (0.62) (2.16)

39.2 22.7 25.0 36.0

(0.76) (2.01) (3.31) (3.99)

54.9 21.1 21.1 49.1

(0.35) (0.64) (0.74) (1.38)

53.9 19.1 18.3 46.5

(0.43) (0.62) (0.54) (1.52)

58.2 31.0 38.8 56.3

(0.72) (1.75) (2.40) (2.66)

80.1 50.2 51.1 74.6

(0.27) (0.74) (0.76) (0.91)

78.3 46.2 47.5 71.3

(0.34) (0.88) (0.88) (1.19)

59.6 31.7 25.8 57.5

(1.43) (2.96) (2.88) (4.73)

74.6 41.6 41.7 61.6

(0.64) (1.55) (1.46) (2.16)

81.8 50.8 52.5 75.7

(0.54) (1.46) (1.48) (1.90)

84.5 49.6 55.7 83.9

(0.57) (1.67) (1.72) (1.88)

85.4 67.5 72.5 83.1

(0.49) (1.59) (1.79) (1.48)

Percent of students using computers at home

See notes at end of table.

CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology 685 Computers and Technology

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Total............................. Sex Male ................................. Female .............................

1993

Student and school characteristic 1

1997

Total

Elementary and secondary1

College2

2

3

4

2003 Elementary and secondary1

Total

Elementary and secondary1

College2

Total

Total

Under 5

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 years old or over

College2

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Family income3 Less than $5,000 ............. $5,000 to $9,999.............. $10,000 to $14,999.......... $15,000 to $19,999.......... $20,000 to $24,999.......... $25,000 to $29,999.......... $30,000 to $34,999.......... $35,000 to $39,999.......... $40,000 to $49,999.......... $50,000 to $74,999.......... $75,000 or more ..............

9.7 8.0 11.4 15.1 16.8 21.1 24.1 27.1 32.2 43.0 56.1

(0.76) (0.56) (0.64) (0.84) (0.79) (0.92) (0.92) (0.99) (0.87) (0.74) (0.92)

4.3 4.2 6.7 11.2 13.6 19.1 22.6 24.9 31.6 42.9 58.1

(0.59) (0.46) (0.56) (0.82) (0.80) (0.99) (1.02) (1.08) (0.98) (0.84) (1.08)

28.3 25.0 33.4 31.0 31.0 29.0 29.7 36.1 34.4 43.5 50.9

(2.43) (2.08) (2.26) (2.44) (2.27) (2.28) (2.15) (2.44) (1.92) (1.52) (1.74)

22.6 15.8 18.4 20.7 30.5 34.6 38.7 44.1 50.6 61.7 74.2

(1.04) (0.77) (0.78) (0.94) (0.97) (1.03) (1.01) (1.06) (0.86) (0.62) (0.59)

15.2 9.3 13.6 16.5 26.2 32.0 36.1 42.6 50.4 62.2 77.2

(1.04) (0.68) (0.77) (0.95) (1.04) (1.13) (1.11) (1.17) (0.95) (0.70) (0.66)

43.7 42.9 39.7 41.2 47.5 45.0 49.2 50.5 51.7 59.9 65.8

(2.43) (2.39) (2.32) (2.77) (2.34) (2.42) (2.32) (2.40) (2.04) (1.30) (1.23)

44.1 47.0 47.0 48.3 53.1 59.0 64.2 70.0 75.9 81.3 88.6

(2.36) (1.97) (1.77) (2.02) (1.80) (1.69) (1.66) (1.60) (1.25) (0.75) (0.51)

29.8 36.6 39.3 40.8 46.6 54.7 61.5 67.8 73.4 79.5 87.6

(2.62) (2.20) (1.96) (2.25) (2.02) (1.89) (1.87) (1.83) (1.43) (0.88) (0.61)

20.5 31.0 36.4 16.5 27.1 40.6 41.4 49.0 54.6 58.9 66.1

(7.74) (7.14) (6.93) (5.95) (6.29) (7.21) (7.19) (7.46) (6.18) (3.74) (2.89)

29.9 30.7 32.8 33.4 41.1 47.7 54.7 63.0 68.9 74.9 85.3

(4.24) (3.66) (3.33) (3.67) (3.33) (3.21) (3.23) (3.23) (2.65) (1.67) (1.15)

29.5 41.3 43.2 49.1 52.5 59.5 64.9 71.9 77.5 83.8 91.0

(4.58) (3.82) (3.31) (3.82) (3.43) (3.22) (3.04) (2.91) (2.24) (1.33) (0.89)

34.2 40.1 42.9 48.4 53.9 61.9 72.9 74.6 78.2 86.5 94.1

(6.07) (4.65) (4.03) (4.97) (4.39) (3.72) (3.66) (3.66) (2.70) (1.56) (0.90)

75.2 77.7 75.2 74.6 77.8 78.3 76.1 78.5 86.6 87.8 91.7

(3.65) (3.27) (3.30) (3.73) (3.29) (3.30) (3.43) (3.16) (2.26) (1.36) (0.92)

Control of school Public ............................... Private..............................

25.3 37.4

(0.29) (0.80)

23.0 35.0

(0.34) (1.03)

34.5 42.5

(0.73) (1.45)

43.2 56.1

(0.31) (0.75)

40.9 56.1

(0.37) (0.97)

52.4 56.1

(0.70) (1.32)

69.3 78.3

(0.27) (0.57)

66.3 75.6

(0.33) (0.77)

41.1 59.3

(1.58) (1.63)

60.4 77.3

(0.59) (1.34)

70.1 84.7

(0.52) (1.26)

73.1 89.3

(0.57) (1.43)

80.9 84.1

(0.50) (0.90)

14.8

(0.22)

12.0

(0.25)

25.0

(0.59)

28.6

(0.26)

24.8

Percent of students using computers at home for school work (0.30) 42.5 (0.61) 53.6 (0.27) 47.2 (0.32) 7.5

(0.61)

26.2

(0.50)

60.9

(0.53)

68.6

(0.57)

76.0

(0.48)

Sex Male ................................. Female .............................

14.7 14.8

(0.31) (0.32)

11.4 12.5

(0.34) (0.36)

28.2 22.4

(0.91) (0.77)

28.3 28.9

(0.37) (0.37)

24.7 24.9

(0.42) (0.43)

43.3 41.9

(0.92) (0.82)

51.8 55.4

(0.38) (0.37)

45.6 48.9

(0.45) (0.47)

7.5 7.6

(0.83) (0.89)

25.4 27.1

(0.69) (0.72)

58.5 63.4

(0.75) (0.75)

66.7 70.8

(0.81) (0.82)

77.1 75.2

(0.72) (0.65)

Race White, non-Hispanic......... Black, non-Hispanic ......... Hispanic ........................... Other................................

18.0 5.7 5.6 15.8

(0.29) (0.44) (0.68) (1.61)

15.1 4.3 3.6 12.4

(0.33) (0.39) (0.42) (1.63)

27.4 13.4 17.8 24.5

(0.70) (1.64) (2.92) (3.57)

35.0 12.5 12.5 33.6

(0.34) (0.51) (0.60) (1.31)

31.3 10.4 9.8 29.3

(0.40) (0.48) (0.42) (1.39)

47.0 22.8 29.2 45.3

(0.72) (1.59) (2.24) (2.67)

60.4 39.8 38.3 57.2

(0.33) (0.73) (0.74) (1.03)

54.1 34.6 33.5 49.4

(0.42) (0.84) (0.83) (1.31)

7.3 8.2 6.7 10.3

(0.76) (1.75) (1.65) (2.91)

29.1 22.5 20.2 26.8

(0.67) (1.32) (1.19) (1.97)

70.5 43.7 42.6 60.9

(0.64) (1.45) (1.47) (2.16)

78.9 44.8 48.9 79.1

(0.65) (1.66) (1.73) (2.08)

79.8 62.2 66.7 77.8

(0.55) (1.65) (1.89) (1.65)

Family income3 Less than $5,000 ............. $5,000 to $9,999.............. $10,000 to $14,999.......... $15,000 to $19,999.......... $20,000 to $24,999.......... $25,000 to $29,999.......... $30,000 to $34,999.......... $35,000 to $39,999.......... $40,000 to $49,999.......... $50,000 to $74,999.......... $75,000 or more ..............

6.6 4.7 7.2 8.5 9.7 10.3 12.9 15.2 17.1 23.1 30.2

(0.64) (0.44) (0.52) (0.65) (0.62) (0.69) (0.72) (0.80) (0.70) (0.63) (0.85)

2.4 1.5 3.0 5.6 6.3 7.5 10.8 12.9 15.4 21.4 29.5

(0.45) (0.28) (0.38) (0.60) (0.57) (0.66) (0.75) (0.83) (0.76) (0.70) (1.00)

21.1 18.8 27.1 20.5 24.5 21.4 20.8 24.6 23.3 28.7 32.0

(2.20) (1.88) (2.14) (2.12) (2.11) (2.06) (1.91) (2.20) (1.71) (1.38) (1.63)

15.1 10.4 11.4 13.2 19.4 21.9 24.4 26.5 30.1 39.3 48.3

(0.89) (0.65) (0.64) (0.79) (0.83) (0.90) (0.89) (0.94) (0.79) (0.62) (0.67)

8.0 4.2 6.7 8.5 15.0 18.4 20.3 22.8 28.3 36.7 47.3

(0.79) (0.47) (0.56) (0.72) (0.84) (0.94) (0.93) (0.99) (0.86) (0.70) (0.78)

35.5 36.5 32.4 36.0 37.1 35.7 40.5 41.7 38.5 48.2 51.3

(2.35) (2.32) (2.22) (2.70) (2.26) (2.33) (2.28) (2.37) (1.99) (1.32) (1.30)

36.5 36.5 36.9 37.2 40.5 43.4 46.8 50.9 56.9 60.9 68.2

(2.29) (1.90) (1.71) (1.95) (1.77) (1.70) (1.73) (1.75) (1.44) (0.94) (0.75)

19.4 24.1 27.1 27.4 31.9 36.9 41.8 45.5 51.6 55.0 62.8

(2.27) (1.96) (1.78) (2.04) (1.89) (1.84) (1.89) (1.96) (1.62) (1.09) (0.89)

4.2 4.0 14.3 0.7 8.2 8.3 8.8 7.0 12.9 4.8 6.5

(3.83) (3.01) (5.04) (1.36) (3.89) (4.05) (4.13) (3.82) (4.16) (1.63) (1.51)

14.4 14.0 14.4 10.8 18.9 18.0 20.4 25.9 26.3 30.2 36.2

(3.25) (2.75) (2.49) (2.42) (2.65) (2.47) (2.61) (2.93) (2.52) (1.77) (1.56)

22.7 32.3 34.6 40.2 40.7 48.9 55.4 58.4 67.6 71.6 83.6

(4.21) (3.62) (3.18) (3.75) (3.38) (3.28) (3.17) (3.19) (2.51) (1.62) (1.15)

30.4 34.1 36.8 42.9 48.8 55.2 64.1 66.7 71.4 81.0 90.0

(5.88) (4.49) (3.93) (4.92) (4.40) (3.81) (3.95) (3.96) (2.95) (1.79) (1.14)

73.8 72.8 72.2 71.5 73.4 72.2 69.0 71.8 79.0 82.4 85.7

(3.72) (3.49) (3.42) (3.87) (3.50) (3.58) (3.73) (3.46) (2.70) (1.58) (1.16)

Control of school Public ............................... Private..............................

14.1 18.5

(0.24) (0.65)

11.7 13.8

(0.26) (0.75)

24.1 28.5

(0.66) (1.33)

27.9 32.6

(0.28) (0.70)

24.5 26.9

(0.32) (0.87)

41.9 44.6

(0.69) (1.32)

53.4 54.7

(0.29) (0.69)

47.8 43.3

(0.35) (0.89)

8.0 7.1

(0.87) (0.85)

25.4 32.3

(0.53) (1.50)

59.2 76.5

(0.56) (1.48)

67.5 83.3

(0.60) (1.73)

75.1 79.3

(0.55) (1.00)

Total...........................

1Includes

students enrolled in prekindergarten through grade 12, ages 3 and above. students enrolled at the undergraduate and postbaccalaureate levels. Excludes persons whose income data were not available.

2Includes 3

NOTE: Data are based on a sample survey of households and are subject to sampling and nonsampling error. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 1993, October 1997, and October 2003, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared May 2005.)

686 CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology Computers and Technology

Table 420. Student use of computers, by level of enrollment, age, and student and school characteristics: 1993, 1997, and 2003—Continued

..

Table 421. Percentage of workers, 18 years old and over, using computers on the job, by type of computer application and selected characteristics: 1993, 1997, and 2003 2003

Selected characteristic 1

Percent using computers at work, 1993

Number using Percent using computers computers at Percent using at work, in work, 1997 computers at work thousands

2

Spreadsheets/ databases

Calendar/ schedule

Internet/e-mail

6

7

Graphics/design

8

Word processing/ desktop Programming publishing

9

10

Other uses only

11

Using 4 or more categories

5

45.8

49.4

(0.24)

56.1

(0.19)

76,570

64.4

(0.30)

75.4

(0.27)

57.0

(0.31)

29.7

(0.29)

16.4

(0.23)

67.8

(0.29)

8.2

(0.17)

12 45.3

(0.31)

13

Age 18 to 24................................................. 25 to 29................................................. 30 to 39................................................. 40 to 49................................................. 50 to 59................................................. 60 or older.............................................

34.4 48.3 50.7 51.3 43.9 27.2

37.1 52.5 53.3 54.9 50.7 32.6

(0.66) (0.70) (0.46) (0.47) (0.61) (0.88)

38.5 56.9 59.0 60.8 60.1 48.5

(0.55) (0.57) (0.37) (0.35) (0.42) (0.67)

6,575 8,203 19,225 21,772 15,423 5,373

56.0 66.2 68.0 66.9 62.5 53.8

(1.06) (0.90) (0.58) (0.55) (0.67) (1.18)

62.1 75.6 78.3 77.1 76.5 71.2

(1.03) (0.82) (0.51) (0.49) (0.59) (1.07)

48.9 58.3 61.8 59.0 54.6 46.1

(1.07) (0.94) (0.61) (0.58) (0.69) (1.18)

21.7 30.3 31.7 31.8 29.7 23.5

(0.88) (0.88) (0.58) (0.55) (0.64) (1.00)

12.4 18.8 18.0 17.7 15.1 10.6

(0.70) (0.75) (0.48) (0.45) (0.50) (0.72)

57.9 67.8 69.8 69.7 68.1 63.7

(1.05) (0.89) (0.57) (0.54) (0.65) (1.13)

14.2 8.5 6.8 7.1 8.0 11.1

(0.74) (0.53) (0.31) (0.30) (0.38) (0.74)

33.0 47.2 49.6 48.4 43.7 35.0

(1.00) (0.95) (0.62) (0.59) (0.69) (1.12)

Educational attainment and sex Not high school completer .................... High school completer .......................... Some college ........................................ Associate’s degree................................ Bachelor’s degree ................................. Master’s degree .................................... Doctor’s or professional degree ............

10.0 34.2 50.4 58.2 68.8 71.2 66.9

11.9 36.4 53.6 60.7 73.9 78.7 74.6

(0.48) (0.40) (0.53) (0.81) (0.50) (0.81) (1.24)

15.6 40.4 55.7 62.9 82.0 87.2 85.4

(0.50) (0.35) (0.42) (0.59) (0.30) (0.43) (0.67)

2,149 16,914 15,060 7,813 22,540 8,292 3,803

44.1 53.3 61.5 61.1 73.3 73.8 68.8

(1.85) (0.66) (0.68) (0.95) (0.51) (0.83) (1.30)

49.7 61.4 70.2 71.7 85.6 90.0 88.0

(1.86) (0.65) (0.64) (0.88) (0.40) (0.57) (0.91)

40.4 47.7 53.6 54.4 64.2 64.9 66.1

(1.83) (0.66) (0.70) (0.97) (0.55) (0.91) (1.33)

15.3 18.5 25.3 26.1 37.4 43.3 37.5

(1.34) (0.52) (0.61) (0.86) (0.56) (0.94) (1.36)

11.7 11.8 14.5 15.4 20.1 20.4 19.3

(1.20) (0.43) (0.50) (0.71) (0.46) (0.77) (1.11)

43.2 52.4 62.5 62.6 78.0 85.6 81.7

(1.85) (0.66) (0.68) (0.95) (0.48) (0.67) (1.08)

21.6 14.6 10.0 9.9 3.7 1.8 2.9

(1.53) (0.47) (0.42) (0.58) (0.22) (0.25) (0.47)

21.4 29.3 39.6 39.8 57.3 62.2 56.9

(1.53) (0.60) (0.69) (0.96) (0.57) (0.92) (1.39)

Male.......................................................... Not high school completer .................... High school completer .......................... Some college ........................................ Associate’s degree................................ Bachelor’s degree ................................. Master’s degree .................................... Doctor’s or professional degree ............

40.3 8.5 24.2 42.8 52.6 69.8 75.4 66.5

44.1 9.8 27.1 46.0 55.2 74.3 79.8 73.4

(0.31) (0.53) (0.49) (0.71) (1.16) (0.65) (1.05) (1.43)

50.5 12.5 31.9 49.2 56.9 82.5 88.0 85.5

(0.25) (0.55) (0.45) (0.58) (0.86) (0.39) (0.57) (0.78)

36,976 1,095 7,305 6,718 3,326 11,787 4,186 2,559

67.2 44.4 52.1 62.0 64.8 77.6 78.7 70.9

(0.42) (2.59) (1.01) (1.02) (1.43) (0.66) (1.09) (1.55)

77.7 48.7 60.1 71.4 74.1 88.4 92.1 88.9

(0.37) (2.61) (0.99) (0.95) (1.31) (0.51) (0.72) (1.08)

58.6 39.4 45.0 53.0 53.5 68.0 69.0 66.5

(0.44) (2.55) (1.01) (1.05) (1.49) (0.74) (1.23) (1.61)

33.8 18.2 21.6 29.3 33.2 40.4 44.9 38.7

(0.42) (2.01) (0.83) (0.96) (1.41) (0.78) (1.33) (1.66)

21.4 13.6 14.9 18.7 22.1 25.6 26.8 21.7

(0.37) (1.79) (0.72) (0.82) (1.24) (0.69) (1.18) (1.41)

65.6 39.7 45.0 58.2 60.5 76.9 83.5 80.1

(0.43) (2.56) (1.01) (1.04) (1.46) (0.67) (0.99) (1.36)

7.8 23.3 16.1 10.6 9.9 2.6 1.3 2.5

(0.24) (2.21) (0.74) (0.65) (0.90) (0.25) (0.31) (0.53)

48.8 20.5 28.3 40.8 43.7 61.7 66.2 58.5

(0.45) (2.11) (0.91) (1.04) (1.49) (0.77) (1.26) (1.68)

Female...................................................... Not high school completer .................... High school completer .......................... Some college ........................................ Associate’s degree................................ Bachelor’s degree ................................. Master’s degree .................................... Doctor’s or professional degree ............

52.4 12.5 45.2 58.6 63.7 67.6 66.5 68.2

56.5 15.4 46.9 61.5 65.4 73.5 77.5 77.6

(0.32) (0.80) (0.56) (0.68) (0.99) (0.67) (1.10) (2.06)

62.5 21.0 50.7 62.4 68.3 81.5 86.3 85.1

(0.24) (0.83) (0.47) (0.52) (0.70) (0.40) (0.58) (1.09)

39,594 1,054 9,609 8,341 4,487 10,752 4,106 1,244

61.7 43.7 54.2 61.2 58.4 68.7 68.9 64.5

(0.42) (2.64) (0.88) (0.92) (1.27) (0.77) (1.25) (2.34)

73.3 50.7 62.4 69.3 70.0 82.6 87.7 86.2

(0.38) (2.66) (0.85) (0.87) (1.18) (0.63) (0.88) (1.69)

55.5 41.4 49.7 54.2 55.1 60.1 60.7 65.3

(0.43) (2.62) (0.88) (0.94) (1.28) (0.82) (1.32) (2.33)

26.0 12.4 16.2 22.2 20.7 34.1 41.7 34.9

(0.38) (1.75) (0.65) (0.79) (1.05) (0.79) (1.33) (2.34)

11.8 9.7 9.5 11.1 10.4 14.0 13.9 14.3

(0.28) (1.58) (0.52) (0.59) (0.79) (0.58) (0.93) (1.72)

69.8 46.8 58.0 66.0 64.2 79.2 87.7 85.0

(0.40) (2.66) (0.87) (0.90) (1.24) (0.68) (0.89) (1.75)

8.6 19.8 13.4 9.6 9.9 4.9 2.3 3.9

(0.24) (2.12) (0.60) (0.56) (0.77) (0.36) (0.41) (0.95)

42.2 22.3 30.1 38.5 36.9 52.5 58.0 53.6

(0.43) (2.21) (0.81) (0.92) (1.24) (0.83) (1.33) (2.44)

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic.............................. Black, non-Hispanic .............................. Hispanic ................................................ Other.....................................................

48.7 36.2 29.3 —

53.8 40.0 30.2 —

(0.28) (0.74) (0.80) (†)

61.6 46.5 31.2 59.4

(0.21) (0.61) (0.61) (0.86)

59,806 6,556 5,421 4,786

65.5 55.4 58.9 68.7

(0.34) (1.09) (1.32) (1.32)

76.6 67.8 68.1 79.2

(0.30) (1.02) (1.25) (1.16)

56.7 56.8 56.5 60.9

(0.35) (1.08) (1.33) (1.39)

30.7 24.2 24.8 31.3

(0.33) (0.94) (1.16) (1.32)

16.0 16.7 15.6 22.9

(0.26) (0.82) (0.97) (1.20)

68.6 61.7 63.0 71.1

(0.33) (1.06) (1.29) (1.29)

7.8 11.6 10.4 6.6

(0.19) (0.70) (0.82) (0.71)

46.2 38.0 39.6 51.0

(0.35) (1.06) (1.31) (1.43)

CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology 687 Computers and Technology

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

4

Total..................................................

See notes at end of table.

3

Percent of on-the-job computer users using specific computer applications1

2003

Selected characteristic 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

Occupational group Management, business, and financial... Professional and related occupations ... Service occupations.............................. Sales and related occupations.............. Office and administrative support ......... Farming, fishing, and forestry ............... Construction and extraction .................. Installation, maintenance, and repair .... Production occupations ........................ Transportation and material moving...... Family income3 Less than $20,000 ................................ $20,000 to $29,999............................... $30,000 to $39,999............................... $40,000 to $49,999............................... $50,000 to $74,999............................... $75,000 or more ...................................

Percent using computers at work, 1993

Number using Percent using computers computers at Percent using at work, in work, 1997 computers at work thousands

2

3

2

2

2

2

2

2

7.9 16.4 11.7 21.8 11.8

8.6 18.7 12.6 23.7 15.1

( 2) ( 2) (0.51) (0.68) ( 2) (0.80) (0.73) (0.79) (0.60) (0.80)

23.2 44.5

26.4 51.7

25.1 38.4 45.7 51.9 60.6 65.9

26.7 38.4 45.8 52.3 59.9 69.7

(0.51) (0.61) (0.62) (0.71) (0.50) (0.51)

4

5

Percent of on-the-job computer users using specific computer applications1

Spreadsheets/ databases 6

Internet/e-mail

Calendar/ schedule

Graphics/design

7

8

9

Word processing/ desktop Programming publishing 10

Other uses only

Using 4 or more categories

12

13

11

80.8 78.8 28.2 61.1 73.9 10.8 19.0 42.0 29.6 22.1

(0.36) (0.31) (0.48) (0.53) (0.41) (1.46) (0.68) (0.98) (0.70) (0.71)

15,840 22,517 5,898 9,464 14,206 132 1,585 2,229 2,869 1,830

79.8 64.4 48.8 61.4 63.2 55.5 56.7 50.8 52.4 46.4

(0.55) (0.55) (1.12) (0.86) (0.70) (7.49) (2.15) (1.83) (1.61) (2.01)

88.0 81.9 58.4 73.0 70.4 57.7 66.0 61.4 54.9 51.5

(0.45) (0.44) (1.11) (0.79) (0.66) (7.44) (2.06) (1.78) (1.61) (2.02)

69.1 58.7 48.9 53.6 54.4 42.2 44.0 44.5 43.0 43.4

(0.63) (0.57) (1.12) (0.89) (0.72) (7.44) (2.15) (1.82) (1.60) (2.00)

35.8 38.9 20.0 26.4 19.3 20.7 25.8 21.1 26.0 14.5

(0.66) (0.56) (0.90) (0.78) (0.57) (6.10) (1.90) (1.49) (1.41) (1.42)

18.5 22.1 12.0 11.7 11.5 6.5 12.7 18.3 14.9 11.2

(0.53) (0.48) (0.73) (0.57) (0.46) (3.71) (1.44) (1.41) (1.15) (1.27)

79.9 74.8 55.3 60.9 66.0 55.3 61.1 44.4 42.0 40.1

(0.55) (0.50) (1.12) (0.87) (0.69) (7.49) (2.12) (1.82) (1.59) (1.98)

2.8 5.2 15.7 11.5 8.5 9.4 9.9 17.9 17.4 23.1

(0.23) (0.25) (0.82) (0.57) (0.40) (4.39) (1.30) (1.40) (1.22) (1.70)

61.3 51.8 29.7 41.0 37.5 26.1 31.8 29.7 27.5 21.7

(0.67) (0.58) (1.03) (0.87) (0.70) (6.61) (2.02) (1.67) (1.44) (1.66)

30.1 38.8 47.0 54.3 62.2 75.0

(0.62) (0.63) (0.59) (0.64) (0.41) (0.30)

3,814 4,944 6,775 6,290 16,195 26,732

51.6 56.6 57.5 61.6 63.6 72.4

(1.40) (1.22) (1.04) (1.06) (0.65) (0.47)

60.1 63.2 68.0 70.9 74.8 84.3

(1.37) (1.18) (0.98) (0.99) (0.59) (0.38)

44.2 46.8 49.9 52.9 56.1 64.3

(1.39) (1.23) (1.05) (1.09) (0.67) (0.51)

22.6 21.4 23.5 26.6 28.5 36.4

(1.17) (1.01) (0.89) (0.96) (0.61) (0.51)

14.0 12.9 13.4 14.4 16.5 19.2

(0.97) (0.82) (0.72) (0.76) (0.50) (0.42)

54.9 59.4 61.0 63.9 65.4 76.4

(1.39) (1.21) (1.02) (1.05) (0.65) (0.45)

16.0 12.8 12.0 9.8 8.3 4.5

(1.03) (0.82) (0.68) (0.65) (0.38) (0.22)

30.6 32.0 36.5 39.3 43.6 56.3

(1.29) (1.15) (1.01) (1.06) (0.67) (0.52)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1Individuals may be counted in more than one computer activity. 2 Due to changes in occupational definitions, older data are not comparable to 2003. 3Excludes persons whose income data were not available.

NOTE: Data are based on a sample survey of households and are subject to sampling and nonsampling error. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October 1993, October 1997, and October 2003, unpublished tabulations. (This table was prepared May 2005.)

688 CHAPTER 7: Libraries and Educational Technology Computers and Technology

Table 421. Percentage of workers, 18 years old and over, using computers on the job, by type of computer application and selected characteristics: 1993, 1997, and 2003—Continued

APPENDIX A

Guide to Sources Sources and Comparability of Data The information presented in this report was obtained from many sources, including federal and state agencies, private research organizations, and professional associations. The data were collected using many research methods, including surveys of a universe (such as all colleges) or of a sample, compilations of administrative records, and statistical projections. Digest users should take particular care when comparing data from different sources. Differences in sampling, data collection procedures, coverage of target population, timing, phrasing of questions, scope of nonresponse, interviewer training, and data processing and coding mean that the results from the different sources may not be strictly comparable. Following the general discussion of data accuracy below, descriptions of the information sources and data collection methods are presented, grouped by sponsoring organization. More extensive documentation of a particular survey’s procedures does not imply more problems with the data, only that more information is available.

Accuracy of Data The joint effects of “sampling” and “nonsampling” errors determine the accuracy of any statistic. Estimates based on a sample will differ somewhat from the figures that would have been obtained if a complete census had been taken using the same survey instruments, instructions, and procedures. In addition to such sampling errors, all surveys, both universe and sample, are subject to design, reporting, and processing errors and errors due to nonresponse. To the extent possible, these nonsampling errors are kept to a minimum by methods built into the survey procedures. In general, however, the effects of nonsampling errors are more difficult to gauge than those produced by sampling variability.

ble samples and, thus, is a measure of the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all possible samples. The sample estimate and an estimate of its standard error permit us to construct interval estimates with prescribed confidence that the interval includes the average result of all possible samples. If all possible samples were selected under essentially the same conditions and an estimate and its estimated standard error were calculated from each sample, then: (1) approximately 66.7 percent of the intervals from one standard error below the estimate to one standard error above the estimate would include the average value of all possible samples; and (2) approximately 95.0 percent of the intervals from two standard errors below the estimate to two standard errors above the estimate would include the average value of all possible samples. We call an interval from two standard errors below the estimate to two standard errors above the estimate a 95 percent confidence interval. To illustrate this concept, consider the data and standard errors appearing in table 105. For the 2004 estimate that 10.3 percent of 16- to 24-year-olds were high school dropouts, the table shows that the standard error is 0.23 percent. The sampling error above and below the stated figure is approximately double (1.96) the standard error, or about 0.46 percentage points. Therefore, we can create a 95 percent confidence interval, which is approximately 9.86 to 10.77 (10.3 percent ± 1.96 times 0.23 percent). Analysis of standard errors can help assess how valid a comparison between two estimates might be. The standard error of a difference between two independent sample estimates is equal to the square root of the sum of the squared standard errors of the estimates. The standard error (se) of the difference between independent sample estimates “a” and “b” is: sea,b = (sea2 + seb2)1/2

Sampling Errors The samples used in surveys are selected from large numbers of possible samples of the same size that could have been selected using the same sample design. Estimates derived from the different samples would differ from each other. The difference between a sample estimate and the average of all possible samples is called the sampling deviation. The standard or sampling error of a survey estimate is a measure of the variation among the estimates from all possi-

It should be noted that most of the standard error estimates presented in the Digest and in the original documents are approximations. That is, to derive estimates of standard errors that would be applicable to a wide variety of items and could be prepared at a moderate cost, a number of approximations were required. As a result, the standard error estimates provide a general order of magnitude rather than the exact standard error for any specific item. The preceding discussion on

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

689

690 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

sampling variability was directed toward a situation concerning one or two estimates. Determining the accuracy of statistical projections is more difficult. In general, the further away the projection date is from the date of the actual data being used for the projection, the greater the probable error in the projections. If, for instance, annual data from 1970 to 2002 are being used to project enrollment in institutions of higher education, the further beyond 2002 one projects, the more variability in the projection. One will be less sure of the 2014 enrollment projection than of the 2006 projection. A detailed discussion of the projections methodology is contained in Projections of Education Statistics to 2014 (National Center for Education Statistics, NCES 2005-074).

Nonsampling Errors Universe and sample surveys are subject to nonsampling errors. Nonsampling errors may arise when respondents or interviewers interpret questions differently, when respondents must estimate values, or when coders, keyers, and other processors handle answers differently, when persons who should be included in the universe are not, or when persons fail to respond (completely or partially). Nonsampling errors usually, but not always, result in an underestimate of total survey error and thus an overestimate of the precision of survey estimates. Since estimating the magnitude of nonsampling errors often would require special experiments or access to independent data, these nonsampling errors are seldom available. To compensate for nonresponse, adjustments of the sample estimates are often made. For universe surveys, an adjustment made for either type of nonresponse, total or partial, is often referred to as an imputation, which is often a substitution of the "average" questionnaire response for the nonresponse. For universe surveys, imputations are usually made separately within various groups of sample members that have similar survey characteristics. For sample surveys missing cases (i.e., total nonresponse) is handled through nonresponse adjustments to the sample weights. For sample surveys, imputation for item nonresponse is usually made by substituting for a missing item, the response to that item of a respondent having characteristics that are similar to those of the nonrespondent. For more information, see NCES Statistical Standards. Although the magnitude of nonsampling error in the data compiled in this Digest is frequently unknown, idiosyncrasies that have been identified are noted on the appropriate tables.

National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study The Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B) is based on the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS) and provides information concerning education and work experience after completing the bachelor’s degree. B&B

provides cross-sectional information 1 year after bachelor’s degree completion (comparable to the Recent College Graduates study), while at the same time providing longitudinal data concerning entry into and progress through graduate level education and the workforce. It also provides information on entry into, persistence and progress through, and completion of graduate level education. This information is difficult to gather through follow-ups involving high school cohorts or even college entry cohorts, both of which are restricted in the number who actually complete a bachelor’s degree and continue their education. B&B followed NPSAS baccalaureate degree completers for a 12-year period after completion, beginning with NPSAS:93. About 11,000 students who completed their degrees in the 1992–93 academic year were included in the first B&B (B&B:93/94). In addition to the student data, B&B collected postsecondary transcripts covering the undergraduate period, which provided complete information on progress and persistence at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. The second B&B follow-up took place in spring 1997 (B&B:93/97), and gathered information on employment history, family formation, and enrollment in graduate programs. The most recent B&B cohort was associated with the NPSAS:2000 and included 11,700 students who completed their degrees in the 1999–2000 academic year. The first, and only planned follow-up survey of this cohort, was conducted in 2001 and focused on time to degree completion, participation in post-baccalaureate education and employment, and the activities of newly qualified teachers (NCES 2003-165). Further information on B&B may be obtained from: Paula R. Knepper Postsecondary Studies Division National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/b&b/

Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study The Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study (BPS) provides information on persistence, progress, and attainment from initial time of entry into postsecondary education through leaving and entering the workforce. BPS includes traditional and nontraditional (e.g., older) students and is representative of all beginning students in postsecondary education. BPS follows first-time, beginning students for at least 5 years at approximately 2-year intervals, collecting student data, and financial aid reports. By starting with a cohort that has already entered postsecondary education, and following it for 5 years, BPS can determine to what extent, students who start postsecondary education at various ages differ in their progress, persistence, and attainment. The first BPS study was conducted in 1989–90, with follow-up surveys

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 691

in 1992 and 1994. The second BPS cohort of students began with a survey in 1995–96, with follow-ups in 1998 and 2001. Further information on BPS may be obtained from: Aurora M. D’Amico Postsecondary Coop System, Analysis, and Dissemination (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 Aurora.D’[email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/bps/

Common Core of Data NCES uses the Common Core of Data (CCD) survey to acquire and maintain statistical data from each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of Defense Dependents’ Schools (overseas and domestic) and the other jurisdictions. Information about staff and students is collected annually at the school, local education agency (LEA) or school district, and state levels. Information about revenues and expenditures is also collected at the state and LEA levels. Data are collected for a particular school year via survey instruments sent to the state education agencies during the school year. Since the CCD is a universe survey, the CCD information presented in this edition of the Digest is not subject to sampling errors. However, nonsampling errors could come from two sources: non-return and inaccurate reporting. Almost all of the states submit the six CCD survey instruments each year, but submissions are sometimes incomplete or too late for publication. Understandably, when 58 education agencies compile and submit data for approximately 96,000 public schools and over 14,000 local school districts, misreporting can occur. Typically, this results from varying interpretations of NCES definitions and differing record keeping systems. NCES attempts to minimize these errors by working closely with the state education agencies through the National Forum on Education Statistics. The state education agencies report data to NCES from data collected and edited in their regular reporting cycles. NCES encourages the agencies to incorporate into their own survey systems the NCES items they do not already collect so that those items will also be available for the subsequent CCD survey. Over time, this has meant fewer missing data cells in each state’s response, reducing the need to impute data. NCES subjects data from the education agencies to a comprehensive edit. Where data are determined to be inconsistent, missing, or out of range, NCES contacts the education agencies for verification. NCES-prepared state summary forms are returned to the state education agencies for verification. Each year, states are also given an opportunity to revise their state-level aggregates from the previous survey cycle.

Further information on CCD may be obtained from: John Sietsema Elementary/Secondary Cooperative System and Institutional Studies Division (ESLSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/ccd/

Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort 2001 The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study is designed to provide decision makers, researchers, child care providers, teachers, and parents with detailed information about children’s early life experiences. The birth cohort of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS-B) looks at children’s health, development, care, and education during the formative years from birth through first grade. Data were collected from a sample of 10,688 children born in the year 2001, representing a population of approximately 4 million. The response rate for the survey was 74.1 percent. To be considered complete, the first three sections of the parent interview had to be completed. The children participating in the study come from diverse socioeconomic and racial/ethnic backgrounds with oversamples of Chinese children, other Asian and Pacific Islander children, American Indian children, twins, and children with moderately low and very low birth weights. Children, their parents, their child care providers, and their teachers and school administrators provide information on children’s cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development across multiple settings (e.g., home, child care, school). At all waves of the study (9 months in 2001–02, 2 years in 2003–04, 4 years in 2005, kindergarten in 2006 and 2007, and first grade in 2007 and 2008) parents are asked about themselves, their families, and their children; fathers are asked about themselves and the role they play in their children’s lives; children are observed and participate in assessment activities. In addition, when the children are 2 and 4 years old, child care and early education providers are asked to provide information about their own experience and training and the setting’s learning environment. When the ECLS-B children are in kindergarten and first grade, teachers and schools are also asked to provide information about children’s early learning and the school and classroom environments. Further information on ECLS-B may be obtained from: Jennifer Park Early Childhood and Household Studies (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/ecls/Birth.asp

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

692 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–99

Further information on the ECLS-K may be obtained from:

The Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–99 (ECLS-K) was designed to provide detailed information on children’s early school experiences. The study began in the fall 1998. A nationally representative sample of 22,782 children enrolled in 1,277 kindergarten programs during the 1998–99 school year was selected to participate in the ECLS-K. The children attended both public and private kindergartens, and full-day and part-day programs. The sample included children from different racial/ ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds, and oversamples of Asian and Pacific Island children, and private kindergartners. Base-year data were collected in the fall and spring of the kindergarten year. Data were collected again in the fall of first grade (30 percent subsample) and spring of first grade, and then in spring of the third grade in 2002 and spring of the fifth grade in 2004. The ECLS-K includes a direct child cognitive assessment that was administered one-on-one with each child in the study. The assessment used a computer-assisted personal interview (CAPI) approach and a two-stage adaptive testing methodology. The direct assessment includes three cognitive domains: reading, mathematics and general knowledge at kindergarten and first grade. General knowledge was replaced by science at third and fifth grade. Children’s height and weight were measured at each data collection point and a direct measure of children’s psychomotor development was administered in the fall of the kindergarten year only. In addition to these measures, the ECLS-K collected information about children’s social skills and academic achievement through teacher reports. A computer-assisted telephone interview with the children’s parents/guardians was conducted at each data collection point. Parents/guardians were asked to provide key information about their children on subjects, such as family demographics (e.g., family members, age, relation to child, race/ethnicity), family structure (e.g., household members and composition), parent involvement, home educational activities (e.g., reading to the child), child health, parental education and employment status, and child’s social skills and behaviors. Data on the schools that children attend and their classrooms were collected by self-administered questionnaires completed by school administrators and classroom teachers. Administrators provided information about the school population, programs, and policies. At the classroom level, data were collected on the composition of the classroom, teaching practices, curriculum, and teacher qualifications and experience. A representative sample of teachers in the sample students’ grade in the ECLS-K sampled schools were asked to complete the teacher questionnaires, not just those who teach ECLS-K children.

Elvira Germino Hausken Early Childhood and Household Studies Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/ecls

Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 The Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS:2002) is a longitudinal survey that will monitor the transitions of a national probability sample of 10th-graders in public, Catholic, and other private schools. Future survey waves will follow both students and high school dropouts and will monitor the transition of the cohort to postsecondary education, the labor force, and family formation. Of 1,221 eligible contacted schools, 752 participated in the study, for an overall weighted school participation rate of approximately 68 percent (62 percent unweighted). Of 17,591 selected eligible students, 15,362 participated, for an overall weighted student response rate of approximately 87 percent. (School and student weighted response rates reflect use of the base weight [design weight] and do not include nonresponse adjustments.) Information for the study was obtained not just from students and their school records, but also from the students’ parents, their teachers, their librarians and the administrators of their schools. Further information on ELS:2002 may be obtained from: Jeffrey Owings Elementary/Secondary & Libraries Studies Division National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/els2002

Fast Response Survey System The Fast Response Survey System (FRSS) was established in 1975 to collect issue-oriented data quickly and with minimum response burden. The FRSS, whose surveys collect and report data on key education issues at the elementary and secondary levels, was designed to meet the data needs of Department of Education analysts, planners, and decisionmakers when information could not be collected quickly through NCES’s large recurring surveys. Findings from FRSS surveys have been included in congressional reports, testimony to congressional subcommittees, NCES reports, and other Department of Education reports. The findings are also often used by state and local education officials. Data collected through FRSS surveys are representative at the national level, drawing from a universe that is appro-

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 693

priate for each study. The FRSS collects data from state education agencies and national samples of other educational organizations and participants, including local education agencies, public and private elementary and secondary schools, elementary and secondary school teachers and principals, and public libraries and school libraries. To ensure minimal burden on respondents, the surveys are generally limited to three pages of questions, with a response burden of about 30 minutes per respondent. Sample sizes are relatively small (usually about 1,000 to 1,500 respondents per survey) so that data collection can be completed quickly. Further information on FRSS may be obtained from: Bernie Greene Data Development Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/frss/

the Internet, the availability of computers outside of regular school hours, and the availability of professional development on technology use in the classroom. All estimates are based on samples and are subject to sampling variability. Further information on internet access in public schools and classrooms may be obtained from: Bernie Greene Data Development Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/frss/

Federal Support for Education

Condition of America's Public School Facilities: 1999 This report provides national data about the condition of public schools in 1999 based on a survey conducted by NCES using its Fast Response Survey System (FRSS). Specifically, this report provides information about the condition of school facilities and the costs to bring them into good condition; school plans for repairs, renovations, and replacements; the age of public schools; and overcrowding and practices used to address overcrowding. The results presented in this report are based on questionnaire data for 903 public elementary and secondary schools in the United States. The responses were weighted to produce national estimates that represent all regular public schools in the United States. Further information on FRSS may be obtained from: Bernie Greene Data Development Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/frss/ Internet Access in Public Schools and Classrooms The Internet Access in Public Schools and Classrooms study is part of the National Center for Education Statistics Fast Response Survey System (FRSS). The Internet survey was designed to assess the federal government’s commitment to assist every school and classroom in connecting to the Internet by the year 2000. In 1994, NCES began surveying approximately 1,000 public schools each year about their access to the Internet, access in classrooms, and since 1996, their type of internet connections. The 2002 survey included items on the use of technologies or procedures to prevent student access to inappropriate material on

NCES prepares an annual compilation of federal funds for education. Data for U.S. Department of Education programs come from the Budget of the United States Government. Budget offices of other federal agencies provide information for all other federal program support except for research funds, which are obligations reported by the National Science Foundation in Federal Funds for Research and Development. Some data are estimated, based on reports from the federal agencies contacted and the Budget of the United States Government. Except for money spent on research, outlays were used to report program funds to the extent possible. Some tables report program funds as obligations, as noted in the title of the table. Some federal program funds not commonly recognized as education assistance are also included in the totals reported. For example, portions of federal funds paid to some states and counties as shared revenues resulting from the sale of timber and minerals from public lands have been estimated as funds used for education purposes. Parts of the funds received by states (in 1980) and localities (all years) under the General Revenue Sharing Program are also included, as are portions of federal funds received by the District of Columbia. The share of these funds allocated to education was assumed to be equal to the share of general funds expended for elementary and secondary education by states and localities in the same year as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in its annual publication, Governmental Finances. All state intergovernmental expenditures for education were assumed to be earmarked for elementary/secondary education. Contributions of parent governments of dependent school systems to their public schools amounted to approximately 9 percent of local government revenues and local government revenue sharing in each year. Therefore, 9 percent of local government revenue-sharing funds were assumed allocated each fiscal year to elementary and secondary education. Parent government contributions to public school systems were obtained from Finances of Public School Systems published by the U.S. Census Bureau. The amount of state revenue-sharing funds allocated for postsecondary education in 1980 was assumed to be 13 percent, the proportion of direct

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

694 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

state expenditures for institutions of higher education reported in Governmental Finances for that year. The share of federal funds for the District of Columbia assigned to education was assumed to be equal to the share of the city’s general fund expenditures for each level of education. For the job training programs conducted by the Department of Labor, only estimated sums spent on classroom training have been reported as educational program support. During the 1970s, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) prepared annual reports on federal education program support. These were published in the Budget of the United States Government, Special Analyses. The information presented in this report is not, however, a continuation of the OMB series. A number of differences in the two series should be noted. OMB required all federal agencies to report outlays for education-related programs using a standardized form, thereby assuring agency compliance in reporting. The scope of education programs reported here differs from OMB. Off-budget items such as the annual volume of guaranteed student loans were not included in OMB’s reports. Finally, while some mention is made of an annual estimate of federal tax expenditures, OMB did not include them in its annual analysis of federal education support. Estimated federal tax expenditures for education are the difference between current federal tax receipts and what these receipts would be without existing education deductions to income allowed by federal tax provisions. Recipients’ data are estimated based on Estimating Federal Funds for Education: A New Approach Applied to Fiscal Year 1980, Federal Support for Education, various years, and Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance. The recipients’ data are estimated and tend to undercount institutions of higher education (IHEs), students, and local education agencies (LEAs). This is because some of the federal programs have more than one recipient receiving funds. In these cases, the recipients were put into a "mixed recipients" category, because there was no way to disaggregate the amount each recipient received. Further information on federal support for education may be obtained from: William Sonnenberg Annual Reports Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/AnnualReports/ reports.asp?type=federal

High School and Beyond High School and Beyond (HS&B) is a national longitudinal survey of individuals who were high school sophomores and seniors in 1980. The base-year survey (1980) was a probability sample of 1,015 high schools with a target number of 36 sophomores and 36 seniors in each of the schools.

A total of 58,270 students participated in the base-year survey. Substitutions were made for nonparticipating schools— but not for students—in those strata where it was possible. Overall, 1,122 schools were selected in the original sample and 811 of these schools participated in the survey. An additional 204 schools were drawn in a replacement sample. Student refusals and absences resulted in an 82 percent completion rate for the survey. Several small groups in the population were oversampled to allow for special study of certain types of schools and students. Students completed questionnaires and took a battery of cognitive tests. In addition, a sample of parents of sophomores and seniors (about 3,600 for each cohort) was surveyed. HS&B first follow-up activities took place in the spring of 1982. The sample design of the first follow-up survey included approximately 30,000 persons who were sophomores in 1980. The completion rate for sophomores eligible for on-campus survey administration was about 96 percent. About 89 percent of the students who left school between the base year and first follow-up surveys (e.g., dropouts, transfer students, and early graduates) completed the first follow-up sophomore questionnaire. As part of the first follow-up survey of HS&B, transcripts were requested in fall 1982 for an 18,152 member subsample of the sophomore cohort. Of the 15,941 transcripts actually obtained, 1,969 were excluded because the students had dropped out of school before graduation, 799 were excluded because they were incomplete, and 1,057 were excluded because the student graduated before 1982 or the transcript indicated neither a dropout status nor graduation. Thus, 12,116 transcripts were utilized for the overall curriculum analysis presented in this publication. All courses in each transcript were assigned a 6-digit code based on A Classification of Secondary School Courses. Credits earned in each course were expressed in Carnegie units. (The Carnegie unit is a standard of measurement that represents one credit for the completion of a 1-year course. To receive credit for a course, the student must have received a passing grade— "pass," "D," or higher.) Students who transferred from public to private schools or from private to public schools between their sophomore and senior years were eliminated from public/private analyses. In designing the senior cohort first follow-up survey, one of the goals was to reduce the size of the retained sample, while still keeping sufficient numbers of minorities to allow important policy analyses. A total of 11,227 (94 percent) of the 11,995 persons subsampled completed the questionnaire. Information was obtained about the respondents’ school and employment experiences, family status, and attitudes and plans. The sample for the second follow-up, which took place in the spring 1984, consisted of about 12,000 members of the senior cohort and about 15,000 members of the sophomore cohort. The completion rate for the senior cohort was 91 percent, and the completion rate for the sophomore cohort was 92 percent.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 695

HS&B third follow-up data collection activities were performed in spring of 1986. Both the sophomore and senior cohort samples for this round of data collection were the same as those used for the second follow-up survey. The completion rates for the sophomore and senior cohort samples were 91 percent and 88 percent, respectively. HS&B fourth follow-up data collection activities were performed in 1992 but only surveyed the 1980 sophomore class. It examined aspects of these students’ early adult years such as enrollment in postsecondary education, experience in the labor market, marriage and childrearing, and voting behavior. Appendix table A-1 contains the maximum number of HS&B cases that are available for the tabulations of the specific classification variables used throughout this publication. The standard error (se) of an individual percentage (p) based on HS&B data can be approximated by the formula: sep = DEFT [p(100-p)/n]1/2 where n is the sample size and DEFT, the square root of the design effect, is a factor used to adjust for the particular sample design used in HS&B. Appendix table A-2 provides the DEFT factors for different HS&B samples and subsamples. In evaluating a difference between two independent percentages, the standard error of the difference may be conservatively approximated by taking the square root of the sum of the squared standard errors of the two percentages. For example, in the 1986 follow-up of 1980 sophomores, 84.0 percent of the men and 77.2 percent of the women felt that being successful in work was "very important," a difference of 6.8 percentage points. Using the formula and the sample sizes from table A-1 and the DEFT factors from table A-2, the standard errors of the two percentages being compared are calculated to be: 1.43[(84.0)(16.0)/(5,391)]1/2 = .714 1.43[(77.2)(22.8)/(5,857)]1/2 = .784 The standard error of the difference is therefore: (.7142 + .7842)1/2 = (.510 + .615)1/2 = 1.06 The sampling error of the difference is approximately double the standard error, or approximately 2.1 percentage points, and the 95 percent confidence interval for the difference is 6.8 + 2.1, or 4.7 to 8.9 percentage points. The standard error estimation procedure outlined above does not compensate for survey item nonresponse, which is a source of nonsampling error. (Table A-1 reflects the maximum number of responses that could be tabulated by demographic characteristics.) For example, of the 10,925 respondents in the 1984 follow-up survey of 1980 high school graduates, 372, or 3.4 percent, did not respond to the particular question on whether they had ever used a pocket calculator. Item nonresponse varied considerably. A very low nonresponse rate of 0.1 percent was obtained for a question asking whether the respondent had attended a postsecondary

institution. A much higher item nonresponse rate of 12.2 percent was obtained for a question asking if the respondent had used a micro or minicomputer in high school. Typical item nonresponse rates ranged from 3 to 4 percent. The Hispanic analyses presented in this report relied on students’ self-identification as members of one of four Hispanic subgroups: Mexican, Mexican-American, Chicano; Cuban; Puerto Rican, Puertorriqueno, or Boricua; or other Latin American, Latino, Hispanic, or Spanish descent. An NCES series of technical reports and data file users manuals, available electronically, provides additional information on the survey methodology. Further information on the HS&B survey may be obtained from: Aurora M. D’Amico Postsecondary Coop System, Analysis, and Dissemination (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 Aurora.D’[email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/hsb/

High School Transcript Study Tabulations The most recent high school transcript study was in 2000 and was based on a survey conducted as part of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The 2000 study involved analysis of transcripts of approximately 21,000 high school graduates from 277 schools. The study collected information such as course lists, graduation requirements, and the definition of units of credit and grades, on a school-level basis. Similar studies were conducted of coursetaking patterns of 1982, 1987, 1990, 1992, 1994, and 1998. The 1982 data are based on approximately 12,000 transcripts collected by the High School and Beyond (HS&B) survey. The 1987 data are based on approximately 22,799 transcripts from 433 schools obtained as part of the 1987 NAEP High School Transcript Study, a scope comparable to data collected through the NAEP High School Transcript Study surveys conducted in 1990, 1994, and 1998. The 1992 data are based on approximately 7,600 transcripts collected by the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88/92). Because the 1982 HS&B survey used a different method for identifying handicapped students than the 1987 and 1990 transcript studies, and in order to make the statistical summaries as comparable as possible, all the counts and percentages in this report are restricted to students whose records indicate that they had not participated in a special education program. This restriction lowers the number of 1990 graduates represented in the tables to 20,866. Further information on high school transcript studies may be obtained from:

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

696 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

Jeffrey Owings Elementary/Secondary and Library Studies Division National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/hst/

Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) surveys approximately 6,500 postsecondary institutions, including universities and colleges, as well as institutions offering technical and vocational education beyond the high school level. This survey, which began in 1986, replaced the Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS). IPEDS consists of eight integrated components that obtain information on who provides postsecondary education (institutions), who participates in it and completes it (students), what programs are offered and what programs are completed, and both the human and financial resources involved in the provision of institutionally-based postsecondary education. Until 2000 these components included: Institutional Characteristics, Fall Enrollment, Completions, Salaries, Finance, and Fall Staff. Data are collected in the fall for institutional characteristics and completions; in the winter for employees by assigned position (EAP), salaries and fall staff; and in spring for enrollment, student financial aid, finances, and graduation rates. The degree-granting institutions portion of this survey is a census of colleges awarding associate’s or higher degrees that were eligible to participate in Title IV financial aid programs. Prior to 1993, data from the technical and vocational institutions were collected through a sample survey. Beginning in 1993, all data are gathered in a census of all postsecondary institutions. The tabulations on "Institutional Characteristics" developed for this edition of the Digest are based on lists of all institutions and are not subject to sampling errors. The definition of institutions generally thought of as offering college and university education has been changed in recent years. The old standard for higher education institutions included those institutions that had courses that led to an associate’s or higher degree, or were accepted for credit towards those degrees. Higher education institutions were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. Tables, or portions of tables, that use only this standard are labeled "higher education" in the Digest. The newer standard includes institutions which award associate’s or higher-level degrees that are eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Tables that contain any data according to this standard are titled as "degree-granting" institutions. Time-series tables may contain data from both series, and they are labeled accordingly. The impact of this change has generally not been large. For example, tables on faculty salaries and benefits were only

affected to a very small extent. Also, degrees awarded at the bachelor’s level or higher were not heavily affected. The largest impact has been on private 2-year college enrollment. In contrast, most of the data on public 4-year colleges have been affected only to a minimal extent. The impact on enrollment in public 2-year colleges was noticeable in certain states, but relatively small at the national level. Overall, enrollment for all institutions was about one-half a percent higher for degree-granting institutions compared to the total for higher education institutions. Prior to the establishment of IPEDS in 1986, HEGIS acquired and maintained statistical data on the characteristics and operations of institutions of higher education. Implemented in 1966, HEGIS was an annual universe survey of institutions accredited at the college level by an agency recognized by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Education. These institutions were listed in NCES’s Education Directory, Colleges and Universities. HEGIS surveys collected information on institutional characteristics, faculty salaries, finances, enrollment, and degrees. Since these surveys, like IPEDS, were distributed to all higher education institutions, the data presented are not subject to sampling error. However, they are subject to nonsampling error, the sources of which varied with the survey instrument. The NCES Taskforce for IPEDS Redesign recognized that there were issues related to the consistency of data definitions, accuracy, reliability, validity, and other quality measures within and across surveys. The IPEDS redesign in 2000 provided institution-specific data forms with information and data previously provided. While the new systems shortened data processing time and provided better data consistency it did not address the accuracy of the data provided by institutions. In 2003–04, prior year data were available for revision at the same time institutions were entering current data. This allowed institutions to make changes to their prior year entries by either adjusting the data or providing missing data. These revisions allow the evaluation of the data’s accuracy by looking at the changes made. When institutions made changes to their data, it was assumed that the revised data was the “true” data. The data were analyzed for the number and type of institutions making changes, the type of changes, the magnitude of the changes, and the impact on published data. Because NCES imputes missing data, imputation procedures were also addressed. For this assessment, differences between revised values and values that were imputed in the original files were compared (i.e., revised value minus imputed value). These differences were then used to provide an assessment of the effectiveness of imputation procedures. The size of the differences also provides an indication of the accuracy of imputation procedures. To assess the overall impact of changes on aggregate IPEDS estimates, published tables for each component were reconstructed using the revised 2002-03 data. These reconstructed tables were then compared to the published tables to determine the magnitude of aggregate bias and the direction of this bias.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 697

Though IPEDS provides the most comprehensive data system for postsecondary education there are 100 or more entities that collect their own information from postsecondary institutions. The additional collections raise the issue of how valid the IPEDS data are when compared to educational data collected by non-IPEDS sources. The Thomson Peterson data was chosen to assess the validity of IPEDS data because it is one of the largest and most comprehensive sources of postsecondary data available. Not all IPEDS components could be compared to Thomson Peterson. Either the Thomson Peterson survey did not collect data related to a particular IPEDS component or the data items collected by Thomson Peterson were not comparable (i.e., different data item definitions). Comparisons were made for a selected number of data items in five components—Tuition and Price, Employees by Assigned Position, Enrollment, Student Financial Aid, and Finance. More details on the accuracy and reliability of IPEDS data can be found in Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System Data Quality Study, Methodology Report, July 2005 (NCES 2005-175). Further information on IPEDS may be obtained from: Elise Miller Postsecondary Institutional Studies Program (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/ Fall (Completions) This survey was part of the HEGIS series throughout its existence. However, the degree classification taxonomy was revised in 1970–71, 1982–83, 1991–92, and 2002–03. Collection of degree data has been maintained through the IPEDS system. Degrees-conferred trend tables arranged by the 2002–03 classification are included in the Digest to provide consistent data from 1970–71 to the most recent year. Data in this edition on associate’s and other formal awards below the baccalaureate, by field of study, cannot be made comparable with figures prior to 1982–83. The nonresponse rate did not appear to be a significant source of nonsampling error for this survey. The return rate over the years has been high, with the degreegranting institutions response rate for the 2003-04 survey at 99.8 percent. The overall response rate for the non-degreegranting institutions was 99.6 percent in 2003-04. Because of the high return rate for the degree-granting institutions, nonsampling error caused by imputation is also minimal. Imputation methods and response bias analysis for the 2003-04 survey are discussed in Postsecondary Institutions in the United States: Fall 2003 and Degrees and Other Awards Conferred: 2003–04 (NCES 2005-154). The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System Data Quality Study, Methodology Report, July 2005 (NCES 2005-175) indicated that most Title IV institutions supplying

revised data on completions were able to supply missing data for the prior year. The small differences between imputed data for the prior year and the revised actual data supplied by the institution indicated that the imputed values produced by NCES were acceptable. Further information on IPEDS Completions surveys may be obtained from: Andrew Mary Postsecondary Institutional Studies Program (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/ Fall (Institutional Characteristics) This survey collects basic information necessary to classify the institutions including control, level, and kinds of programs; and information on tuition, fees, and room and board charges. Beginning in 2000, the survey collected institutional pricing data from institutions with first-time, fulltime, degree/certificate-seeking undergraduate students. Unduplicated full-year enrollment counts and instructional activity are now collected on the Fall Enrollment survey. The overall response rate was 100.0 percent for Title IV degree-granting institutions in 2003. The IPEDS Data Quality Study (NCES 2005-175) looked at tuition and price in Title IV institutions. Only 8 percent of institutions reported the same data in the IPEDS and Thomson Peterson data collections consistently across all selected data items. Difference in wordings or survey items may account for some of these inconsistencies. Further information on the IPEDS Institutional Characteristics survey may be obtained from: Frank Morgan Postsecondary Institutional Studies Program (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/ Winter (Fall Staff) The fall staff data presented in this publication were collected by NCES, through the IPEDS system, which collected data from postsecondary institutions, including all 2- and 4year degree-granting education institutions. NCES collects staff data biennially in odd numbered years from institutions of postsecondary education. The "Fall Staff" questionnaires were completed on the IPEDS data collection website between December 3, 2003 and January 28, 2004; the respondents reported the employment statistics in their institution that cover the payroll period in the fall of the survey year. The “Fall Staff, 2003” survey had an overall response rate of 99.9 percent. The Staff compo-

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

698 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

nent of the winter 2003–04 survey had a response rate of 99.9 for degree-granting institutions, and 99.9 for the non-degreegranting institutions. Imputation methods and response bias analysis are discussed in Staff in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2003, and Salaries of Full-Time Instructional Faculty, 2003–04 (NCES 2005-155). The most recent data quality study, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System Data Quality Study, Methodology Report, July 2005 (NCES 2005-175), found that employee data items were changed by 1.2 percent (77) of the institutions that responded. All who made changes made changes that resulted in a different employee count. For both institutional and aggregate differences, the changes had little impact on the original employee count submissions. A large number of institutions reported different staff data to IPEDS and Thomson Peterson; however, the magnitude of the differences was small—usually no more than 17 faculty members for any faculty variable. See Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System Data Quality Study, Methodology Report, July 2005 (NCES 2005-175) for more information. Further information on the IPEDS Salaries, Tenure, and Fringe Benefits survey may be obtained from: Sabrina Ratchford Postsecondary Institutional Studies Program (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/ Winter (Salaries, Tenure, and Fringe Benefits of Fulltime Instructional Faculty) This institutional survey has been conducted for most years from 1966–67 to 1987–88, and annually since 1989–90. Although the survey form changed a number of times during those years, only comparable data are presented in this report. Between 1966–67 and 1985–86 this survey differed from other HEGIS surveys in that imputations were not made for nonrespondents. Thus, there is some possibility that the salary averages presented in this report may differ from the results of a complete enumeration of all colleges and universities. Beginning with the surveys for 1987–88, the IPEDS data tabulation procedures included imputations for survey nonrespondents. The response rate for the 2003-04 survey was 99.9 percent for degree-granting institutions. Imputation methods and response bias analysis for the 2003-04 survey are discussed in Staff in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2003, and Salaries of Full-Time Instructional Faculty, 2003-04 (NCES 2005-155). Although data from these surveys are not subject to sampling error, sources of nonsampling error may include computational errors and misclassification in reporting and processing. The electronic reporting system does allow corrections to prior year reported or missed data and this should help with these problems. Also, NCES reviews individual col-

leges’ data for internal and longitudinal consistency and contacts the colleges to check inconsistent data. The NCES report, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System Data Quality Study, Methodology Report, July 2005 (NCES 2005-175), found that only 1.3 percent of the responding Title IV institutions made changes to their salaries data. The imputations made in the original publication proved to be acceptable when the revised data indicated small differences, and therefore had little impact on the published data. Further information on the IPEDS Salaries, Tenure, and Fringe Benefits survey may be obtained from: Sabrina Ratchford Postsecondary Institutional Studies Program (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/ Winter/Spring (Fall Enrollment) This survey has been part of the HEGIS and IPEDS series since 1966. The enrollment survey response rate is high. Beginning in 2000, the data collection method was webbased, replacing the paper survey forms that had been used in past years. In 2004 the overall response rate was 100.0 percent for degree-granting institutions and the 2003 response rate was 99.6 percent. Imputation methods and response bias analysis for the 2003–04 survey are discussed in Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2003 and Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2003 (NCES 2005-177). Imputation methods and response bias analysis for the 2002–03 survey are discussed in Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2002 and Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2002 (NCES 2005-168). Beginning with fall 1986, the survey system was redesigned with the introduction of IPEDS (see above). The survey allows (in alternating years) for the collection of age and residence data. In 2000, the enrollment survey collected the instructional activity and unduplicated headcount data, which are needed to compute a standardized, full-time equivalent (FTE) enrollment statistic for the entire academic year. Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System Data Quality Study, Methodology Report, July 2005 (NCES 2005175) showed that public institutions made the majority of changes to enrollment data during the 2004 revision period. The majority of changes were made to unduplicated headcount data with the net differences between the original data and the revised data at about 1 percent. Part-time students in general and enrollment in private not-for-profit institutions were often underestimated. The fewest changes by institutions were to CIP code data. More institutions provided enrollment data to IPEDS than to Thomson Peterson. A fairly high percentage of institutions that provided data to both provided the same data, and among those that didn’t the difference in magnitude was less than 10 percent.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 699

Further information on the IPEDS Fall Enrollment survey may be obtained from: Cathy Statham Postsecondary Institutional Studies Program (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/ Spring (Finance) This survey was part of the HEGIS series and has been continued under the IPEDS system. Substantial changes were made in the financial survey instruments in fiscal years (FY) 1976, 1982, 1987, 1997, and 2002. While these changes were significant, considerable effort has been made to present only comparable information on trends in this report and to note inconsistencies. The FY 1976 survey instrument contained numerous revisions to earlier survey forms, which made direct comparisons of line items very difficult. Beginning in FY 1982, Pell Grant data were collected in the categories of federal restricted grants and contracts revenues and restricted scholarships and fellowships expenditures. Finance tables for this publication have been adjusted by subtracting the largely duplicative Pell Grant amounts from the later data to maintain comparability with pre-FY 82 data. The introduction of IPEDS in the FY 1987 survey included several important changes to the survey instrument and data processing procedures. Beginning in FY 1997, the data for the private institution were collected using new financial concepts consistent with Financial Standards Board (FASB) reporting standards, which provides a more comprehensive view of college finance activities. The data for the public institutions continued to be collected using the older survey form. The data for the public and private institutions were no longer comparable, and as a result, no longer presented together in analysis tables. Beginning in FY 2001, public institutions had the option of continuing to report using the Government Accounting Standards Board (GASB) standards, or using the new FASB reporting standards. Beginning in FY 2002, the public institutions had three options: the original GASB standards, the FASB standards, or the new Government Accounting Standards Board, Statement 35 standards (GASB35). Because of the complexity of the multiple forms used by the public institutions, recent finance data for public institutions are not presented in the Digest. Possible sources of nonsampling error in the financial statistics include nonresponse, imputation, and misclassification. The response rate has been about 85 to 90 percent for most of the historic years presented in the Digest; however, in more recent years response rates have been much higher because Title IV institutions are required to respond. The 2002 IPEDS data collection was a full-scale web-based IPEDS data collection, which offered features that improved the quality and timeliness of the data. The ability of IPEDS to tailor the online data entry forms for each institution based on characteristics such as institutional control, level of insti-

tution, and calendar system, and the institutions’ ability to submit their data online were two such features that improved response. The response rate for the FY 2002 survey was 98.7 percent for degree-granting institutions. The response rates were 99.7 for public 4-year, 98.7 for public 2year, 98.7 for not-for-profit 4-year, and 98.4 for not-forprofit 2-year. Imputation methods and response bias analysis for the 2002–03 survey are discussed in Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2002 and Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2002 (NCES 2005-168). The response rate for the FY 2003 survey was 99.9 percent for degree-granting institutions. The response rates were 100.0 for public 4-year, 99.8 for public 2-year, 99.9 for not-for-profit 4-year, and 99.2 for not-for-profit 2-year. Imputation methods and response bias analysis for the 2002–03 survey are discussed in Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2003 and Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2003 (NCES 2005-177). Two general methods of imputation were used in HEGIS. If the prior year’s data were available for a nonresponding institution, these data were inflated using the Higher Education Price Index and adjusted according to changes in enrollments. If no previous year’s data were available, current data were used from peer institutions selected for location (state or region), control, level, and enrollment size of institution. In most cases estimates for nonreporting institutions in IPEDS were made using data from peer institutions. Beginning with FY 87, the IPEDS survey system included all postsecondary institutions, but maintained comparability with earlier surveys by allowing 2- and 4-year institutions to be tabulated separately. For FY 87 through FY 91, in order to maintain comparability with the historical time series of HEGIS institutions, data were combined from two of the three different survey forms that make up the IPEDS survey system. The vast majority of the data were tabulated from form 1, which was used to collect information from public and private not-for-profit 2- and 4-year colleges. Form 2, a condensed form, was used to gather data for the 2-year for-profit institutions. Because of the differences in the data requested on the two forms, several assumptions were made about the form 2 reports so that their figures could be included in the degree-granting institutions totals. In IPEDS, the form 2 institutions were not asked to separate appropriations from grants and contracts, nor state from local sources of funding. For the form 2 institutions, all the federal revenues were assumed to be federal grants and contracts, and all of the state and local revenues were assumed to be restricted state grants and contracts. All other form 2 sources of revenue, except for tuition and fees and sales and services of educational activities, were included under "other." Similar adjustments were made to the expenditure accounts. The form 2 institutions reported instruction and scholarship and fellowship expenditures only. All other educational and general expenditures were allocated to academic support. The NCES study, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System Data Quality Study, Methodology Report, July 2005 (NCES 2005-175), found only a small percentage (2.9

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

700 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

percent/168) of postsecondary institutions either revised data or submitted data for items they previously left unreported. Though relatively few institutions made changes the changes made were relatively large—greater than 10 percent of the original. With a few exceptions these changes, large as they were, did not greatly affect the aggregate totals. Again, institutions were more likely to report data to IPEDS rather than to Thomson Peterson, and there was a higher percentage reporting different values among those reporting to both. The magnitude of the difference was generally greater for research expenditures. It is likely that the large differences are a function of the way institutions report this data to both entities. Further information on IPEDS Financial Statistics surveys may be obtained from: Cathy Statham Postsecondary Institutional Studies Program (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds

Library Statistics Program Public library statistics are collected annually by NCES using the Public Libraries Survey and disseminated annually through the Federal-State Cooperative System (FSCS) for Public Library Data. Descriptive statistics are produced for over 9,000 public libraries. The Public Libraries Survey includes information about staffing; operating income and expenditures; type of governance; type of administrative structure; size of collection; and service measures such as reference transactions, public service hours, interlibrary loans, circulation, and library visits. In FSCS, respondents supply the information electronically, and data are edited and tabulated in machine-readable form. The respondents are 9,141 public libraries identified in the 50 states and the District of Columbia by state library agencies. At the state level, FSCS is administered by State Data Coordinators, appointed by the Chief Officer of each State Library Agency. The State Data Coordinator collects the requested data from local public libraries and submits these data to NCES. An annual training conference sponsored by NCES is provided for the State Data Coordinators. A steering committee representing State Data Coordinators and other public library constituents is active in the development of FSCS data elements and software. Technical assistance to states is provided by phone and in person by the FSCS steering committee and by NCES staff and contractors. All 50 states and the District of Columbia have submitted data for individual public libraries, which are also aggregated to state and national levels. Since 1990, data have been collected electronically. The most recent software includes identifying information on all known public libraries and their outlets. Beginning in 1994,

this resource was available for drawing samples for special surveys on such topics as literacy, access for the disabled, and library construction. Under the Academic Libraries Survey (ALS), NCES surveyed academic libraries on a 3-year cycle between 1966 and 1988. From 1988 through 1999, ALS was a component of the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System and was on a 2-year cycle. Beginning with FY 2000, the Academic Libraries Survey was no longer a component of IPEDS, but it remains on a 2-year cycle. ALS provides data on about 4,000 academic libraries. In aggregate, these data provide an overview of the status of academic libraries nationally and statewide. Beginning in 1996, libraries were asked about electronic services including, electronic catalogs that include the libraries’ holdings, Internet access, and electronic full-text periodicals. The survey collects data on the libraries in the entire universe of degree-granting institutions. Beginning with the collection of FY 2000 data, the ALS changed to web-based data collection. ALS produces descriptive statistics on academic libraries in postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the outlying areas. The School Library Statistics Survey collected data on school libraries/media centers in 1990–91, 1993–94, and 1999–2000. This survey asked questions on libraries in public and private schools as part of the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). A sample survey of about 7,600 schools was conducted during school year 1993–94 and of nearly 13,600 schools in 1999–2000. The library questions on the 1990–91 SASS include: number of students served and number of professional staff and aides; at the district level, number of fulltime equivalent librarians/media specialists, vacant positions, positions abolished, and approved positions; and amount of librarian input in establishing curriculum. The 1993–94 survey was much more extensive and added questions concerning media centers and collections of libraries. The 1999–2000 survey continued collecting data on media centers and collections of libraries, but did not include questions concerning librarians/media specialists and student records. Further information on the Library Statistics Program may be obtained from: Jeff Williams Library Coop System and Institutional Studies (ESLSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/libraries/

National Adult Literacy Survey The National Adult Literacy Survey (NALS) was created in 1992 as a new measure of literacy and funded by the U.S. Department of Education and by 12 states. It is the third and largest assessment of adult literacy funded by the federal government. The aim of the survey is to profile the English literacy of adults in the United States based on their perfor-

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 701

mance across a wide array of tasks that reflect the types of materials and demands they encounter in their daily lives. To gather the information on adults’ literacy skills, trained staff interviewed nearly 13,600 individuals aged 16 and older during the first 8 months of 1992. These participants had been randomly selected to represent the adult population in the country as a whole. Black and Hispanic households were oversampled to ensure reliable estimates of literacy proficiencies, and to permit analyses of the performance of these subpopulations. In addition, some 1,100 inmates from 80 federal and state prisons were interviewed to gather information on the proficiencies of the prison population. In total, over 26,000 adults were surveyed. Each survey participant was asked to spend approximately an hour responding to a series of diverse literacy tasks, as well as questions about his or her demographic characteristics, educational background, reading practices, and other areas related to literacy. Based on their responses to the survey tasks, adults received proficiency scores along three scales that reflect varying degrees of skill in prose, document, and quantitative literacy. The results of the 1992 survey were first published in a report, Adult Literacy in America, in September 1993. The most recent national assessment of adult literacy was administered in 2003. Further information on NALS may be obtained from: Sheida White NAEP Development and Operations–Assessment Division National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/naal

National Assessment of Educational Progress The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is a series of cross-sectional studies initially implemented in 1969 to gather information about selected levels of educational achievement across the country. At the national level, NAEP is divided into two assessments: the main NAEP and the long-term trend NAEP. NAEP has surveyed students at specific ages (9, 13, and 17) for the longterm trend NAEP, and grades (4, 8, and 11 or 12) for the main NAEP, state NAEP, and long-term writing NAEP. NAEP has also surveyed young adults (ages 25 to 35). NAEP long-term trend assessments are designed to inform the nation of changes in the basic achievement of America’s youth. Nationally representative samples of students have been assessed in science, mathematics, and reading at ages 9, 13, and 17 since the early 1970s. Students have been assessed in writing at grades 4, 8, and 11 since 1984. To measure trends accurately, assessment items (mostly multiple choice) and procedures have remained unchanged since the first assessment in each subject. Recent trend assess-

ments were conducted in 1994, 1996, 1999, and 2004. Nearly 33,000 students took part in the 2004 trend assessment. Results are reported as average scores for the nation, regions, and for various subgroups of the population such as race and ethnic groups. Data from the trend assessments are available in the most recent report, NAEP 2004 Trends in Academic Progress. The 2004 NAEP Long-Term Trend Assessments marked the end of tests designed and administered from 1971 and marked the beginning of a modified design that provides greater accommodations for students with disabilities and English language learners, and limits the assessments to reading and math. Science and writing will now be assessed only in main NAEP. To assure the assessment results can be reported on the same trend line, a “bridge” assessment was administered in addition to the modified assessment. Students were randomly assigned to take either the bridge assessment or the modified assessment. The bridge assessment replicated the instrument given in 1999 and used the same administrative techniques. The 2004 modified assessment will provide the basis of comparison for all future assessments and the bridge will link its results to the results from the past 30 years. In the main national NAEP, a nationally representative sample of students is assessed at grades 4, 8, and 12 in various academic subjects. The assessments change periodically and are based on frameworks developed by the National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB). Items include both multiple choice and constructed-response (requiring written answers). Results are reported in two ways. Average scores are reported for the nation, participating states and jurisdictions, and for subgroups of the population. In addition, the percent of students at or above the basic, proficient, and advanced achievement levels are reported for these same groups. The achievement levels are developed by NAGB. From 1990 until 2001, main NAEP was conducted for states and other jurisdictions that chose to participate (e.g., 47 participated in 1996). Prior to 1992, the national NAEP samples were not designed to support the reporting of accurate and representative state-level results. Separate representative samples of students were selected for each participating jurisdiction. State data are usually available at grades 4 and/or 8, and may not include all subjects assessed in the national-level assessment. In 1994, for example, NAEP assessed reading, geography, and history at the national level at grades 4, 8, and 12; however, only reading at grade 4 was assessed at the state level. In 1996, mathematics and science were assessed nationally at grades 4, 8, 12. In the states, mathematics was assessed at grades 4 and 8, and science was assessed at grade 8 only. In 1997, the arts were assessed only at the national level, at grade 8. Reading and writing were assessed in 1998 at the national level in for grades 4, 8, and 12, and at the state level for grades 4 and 8. Civics was assessed in 1998 at the national level for grades 4, 8, and 12, as well. These assessments generally involved about 130,000 students at the national and state levels.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

702 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

In 2002, under the provisions of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, all states began to participate in main NAEP and a separate national sample was replaced with the aggregate of all state samples. In 2002, students were assessed in reading, mathematics, and writing at grades 4, 8, and 12 (reading and writing only). In 2003, reading and mathematics were assessed in grades 4 and 8. The NAEP national sample in 2003 was obtained by aggregating the samples from each state, rather than by obtaining an independently selected national sample. As a consequence, the size of the national sample increased, and smaller differences between scores across years or types of students were found to be statistically significant than would have been detected in previous assessments. The assessment data presented in this publication were derived from tests designed and conducted by the Education Commission of the States (1969–1983) and by the Educational Testing Service (ETS) from 1983 to the present. Sample sizes and overall participation rates in 2004 for the long-term trend reading assessment for the bridge group were 5,200 9 year-olds (81 percent), 5,700 13 year-olds (77 percent), and 3,800 17 year-olds (55 percent); for those taking the modified assessment 7,300 9 year-olds (80 percent), 7,500 13 year-olds (76 percent), and 7,600 17 year-olds (56 percent). Sample size and overall participation rates for the math assessment for the bridge group were 4,600 9 year-olds (80 percent), 4,700 13 year-olds (76 percent), and 4,600 17 year-olds (57 percent); and for those taking the modified assessment 7,500 9 year-olds (80 percent), 8,300 13 yearolds (76 percent), and 8,300 17 year-olds (56 percent). Sample sizes for the reading proficiency portion of the 1999 NAEP long-term trend study were: 5,793 for the 9year-olds, 5,933 for the 13-year-olds, and 5,288 for the 17year-olds. Overall participation rates were 78 percent, 73 percent, and 59 percent, respectively. Sample sizes in the math and science portions of the 1999 long-term trends were: 6,032 9-year-olds, 5,941 13-yearolds, and 3,795 17-year-olds. The main NAEP assessments are conducted separately from long-term assessments. The 2000 mathematics assessment was administered to 13,511 4th-graders, 15,694 8th-graders, and 13,432 12th-graders. The response rates were: 96 percent for 4th-graders, 92 percent for 8th-graders, and 77 percent for 12th-graders. The 2003 mathematics assessment was administered to 190,147 4th-graders and 153,189 8th-graders. In 2000, a reading assessment was administered to 77,914 4th-graders. The response rate was 96 percent. In 2002, a reading assessment was administered to 140,487 4thgraders, 115,176 8th-graders, and 14,724 12th-graders. The 2003 reading assessment was administered to 187,581 4thgraders and 155,183 8th-graders. The 1997–98 writing assessment was administered to 19,816 4th-graders, 20,586 8th-graders, and 19,505 12thgraders. Student response rates for the 1997–98 writing assessment were 95 percent for the 4th-graders, 92 percent for the 8th-graders, and 80 percent for the 12th-graders. The

2002 writing assessment was administered to 139,200 4thgraders, 118,500 8th-graders, and 18,500 12th-graders. In 1995–96, a science assessment was administered to 7,305 4th-graders, 7,774 8th-graders, and 7,537 12th-graders. The response rates were 94 percent for the 4th-graders, 94 percent for the 8th-graders, and 93 percent for the 12th-graders. In 2000, a science assessment was administered to 16,749 4th-graders, 16,837 8th-graders, and 15,879 12thgraders. The response rates were 96 percent for the 4th-graders, 92 percent for the 8th-graders, and 76 percent for the 12th-graders. The 1993–94 geography assessment was administered to 5,507 4th-graders, 6,878 8th-graders, and 6,234 12th-graders. The response rates for the assessment were 93 percent for the 4th-graders, 93 percent for the 8th-graders, and 90 percent for the 12th-graders. The 2000–01 geography assessment was administered to 7,779 4th-graders, 10,037 8thgraders, and 9,660 12th-graders. The response rates were 95 percent for the 4th-graders, 93 percent for the 8th-graders, and 77 percent for the 12th-graders. Information from NAEP is subject to both nonsampling and sampling errors. Two possible sources of nonsampling error are nonparticipation and instrumentation. Certain populations have been oversampled to assure samples of sufficient size for analysis. Instrumentation nonsampling error could result from failure of the test instruments to measure what is being taught and, in turn, what the students are learning. Further information on NAEP may be obtained from: Suzanne Triplett NAEP Development and Operations–AD National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard

National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 The National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88) is the third major secondary school student longitudinal study conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics. The two studies that preceded NELS:88, the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 (NLS:72) and High School and Beyond (HS&B) in 1980, surveyed high school seniors (and sophomores in HS&B) through high school, postsecondary education, and work and family formation experiences. Unlike its predecessors, NELS:88 begins with a cohort of 8th-grade students. In 1988, some 25,000 8th-graders, their parents, their teachers, and their school principals were surveyed. Follow-ups were conducted in 1990, 1992, and 1994, when a majority of these students were in 10th and 12th grades, and then 2 years after their scheduled high school graduation. A fourth follow-up was conducted in 2000.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 703

NELS:88 was designed to provide trend data about critical transitions experienced by young people as they develop, attend school, and embark on their careers. It complements and strengthens state and local efforts by furnishing new information on how school policies, teacher practices, and family involvement affect student educational outcomes (i.e., academic achievement, persistence in school, and participation in postsecondary education). For the base year, NELS:88 included a multifaceted student questionnaire, four cognitive tests, a parent questionnaire, a teacher questionnaire, and a school questionnaire. In 1990, when the students were in 10th grade, the students, school dropouts, their teachers, and their school principals were surveyed. The 1988 survey of parents was not a part of the 1990 follow-up. In 1992, when most of the students were in 12th grade, the second follow-up conducted surveys of students, dropouts, parents, teachers, and school principals. Also, information from the students’ transcripts was collected. The 1994 survey data were collected when sample members had completed high school. The primary goals of the 1994 survey were: 1) to provide data for trend comparisons with NLS-72 and HS&B; 2) to address issues of employment and postsecondary access and choice; and 3) to ascertain how many dropouts have returned to school and by what route. The 2000 survey data were collected at a key stage of life transitions for the 8th-grade class of 1988—most had been out of high school for nearly 8 years. Many had already completed postsecondary education, started or even changed careers, and started to form families. The 2000 follow-up examined the educational and labor market outcomes of the initial 8th-grade cohort of 1988 in the year 2000, when the majority of the cohort was 26 years old. Further information on NELS:88 may be obtained from: Jeffrey Owings Elementary/Secondary and Library Studies Division National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/nels88/

National Household Education Surveys Program The National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES) is a data collection system that is designed to address a wide range of education-related issues. Surveys were conducted in 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005. NHES targets specific populations for detailed data collection. It is intended to provide more detailed data on the topics and populations of interest than are collected through supplements to other household surveys. The topics addressed by NHES:1991 were early childhood education and adult education. About 60,000 households were screened for NHES:1991. In the Early Childhood

Education survey, about 14,000 parents/guardians of 3- to 8year-olds completed interviews about their children’s early educational experiences. Included in this component were participation in nonparental care/education, care arrangements and school, and family, household, and child characteristics. In the NHES:1991 Adult Education survey, about 9,800 persons 16 years of age and older, identified as having participated in an adult education activity in the previous 12 months, were questioned about their activities. Data were collected on programs and up to four courses, including the subject-matter duration, sponsorship, purpose, and cost. Information on the household and the adult’s background and current employment also was collected In NHES:1993, nearly 64,000 households were screened. Approximately 11,000 parents of 3- to 7-year-olds completed interviews for the School Readiness survey. The topics included: the developmental characteristics of preschoolers; school adjustment and teacher feedback to parents for kindergartners and primary students; center-based program participation; early school experiences; home activities with family members; and health status. In the School Safety and Discipline survey, about 12,700 parents of children in grades 3 through 12, and about 6,500 youth in grades 6 through 12, were interviewed about their school experiences. Topics included the school learning environment, discipline policy, safety at school, victimization, the availability and use of alcohol/drugs, and alcohol/drug education. Peer norms for behavior in school and substance use were also included in this topical component. Extensive family and household background information was collected, as well as characteristics of the school attended by the child. In the NHES:1995 survey, the Early Childhood Program Participation survey and the Adult Education survey were similar to those in 1991. In the Early Childhood survey, about 14,000 parents of children from birth to third grade were interviewed. In the NHES:1995 collection, 23,969 adults were sampled for the adult education survey and 80 percent (19,722) completed the interview. The spring survey of 1996 (NHES:1996) covered parent and family involvement in education and civic involvement. For the Parent and Family Involvement survey, nearly 21,000 parents of children in grades 3 to 12 were interviewed. For the Civic Involvement survey, about 8,000 youth in grades 6 to 12, about 9,000 parents, and about 2,000 adults were interviewed. The 1996 survey also addressed public library use. Adults in almost 55,000 households were interviewed to support state-level estimates of household public library use. NHES:1999 collected end-of-decade estimates of key indicators from the surveys conducted throughout the 1990s. Approximately 60,000 households were screened for a total of about 31,000 interviews with parents of children from birth through 12th grade, and adults aged 16 or older not enrolled in grade 12 or below. Key indicators included participation of children in nonparental care and early childhood programs, school experiences, parent/family involvement in education at home and at school, youth community service activities, plans

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

704 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

for future education, and adult participation in educational activities and community service. NHES:2001 included two surveys that were largely repeats of similar surveys included in earlier NHES collections. The Early Childhood Program Participation Survey was similar in content to the Early Childhood Program Participation Survey fielded as part of NHES:1995, and the Adult Education and Lifelong Learning Survey was similar in content to the Adult Education Survey of NHES:1995. The Before- and AfterSchool Programs and Activities Survey, while containing items fielded in earlier NHES collections, had a number of new items that collected information about what children were doing during the time spent in child care or in other activities, what parents were looking for in care arrangements and activities, and parent evaluations of care arrangements and activities. Parents of approximately 6,700 preschool children completed Early Childhood Program Participation Survey interviews. Nearly 10,900 adults completed Adult Education and Lifelong Learning Survey interviews, and parents of nearly 9,600 children in kindergarten though grade 8 completed Before- and After-School Programs and Activities Survey interviews. NHES:2003 included two surveys: Adult Education for Work-Related Reasons and Parent and Family Involvement in Education. The adult education survey will allow for the analysis of change over time. The adult education survey will provide in-depth information on the participation of adults in training and education that prepares adults for work or careers and maintains or improves their skills. NHES:2005 included surveys that covered Adult Education, Early Childhood Program Participation, and AfterSchool Programs and Activities. Data were collected from about 8,900 adults for the Adult Education survey, parents of about 7,200 children for the Early Childhood Program Participation survey, and parents of nearly 11,700 children for the After-School Programs and Activities survey. These surveys were substantially similar to the surveys conducted in 2001. Further information on NHES may be obtained from: Chris Chapman Early Childhood and Household Studies Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/nhes/

National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 The National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 (NLS:72) began with the collection of baseyear survey data from a sample of about 19,000 high school seniors in the spring of 1972. Five more follow-up surveys of these students were conducted in 1973, 1974, 1976, 1979, and 1986. NLS:72 was designed to provide the education community with information on the transitions of young

adults from high school through postsecondary education and the workplace. In addition to the follow-ups, a number of supplemental data collection efforts were undertaken. For example, a Postsecondary Education Transcript Study (PETS) was undertaken in 1984, and the fifth follow-up survey in 1986 included a supplement for those who became teachers. The sample design for the NLS:72 was a stratified, twostage probability sample of 12th-grade students from all schools, public and private, in the 50 states and the District of Columbia during the 1971–72 school year. During the first stage of sampling, about 1,070 schools were selected for participation in the base-year survey. As many as 18 students were selected at random from each of the sample schools. The sizes of both the school and student samples were increased during the first follow-up survey. Beginning with the first follow-up and continuing through the fourth follow-up, about 1,300 schools participated in the survey and slightly under 23,500 students were sampled. The response rates for each of the different rounds of data collection were 80 percent or higher. Sample retention rates across the survey years were quite high. For example, of the individuals responding to the baseyear questionnaire, the percentages who responded to the first, second, third, and fourth follow-up questionnaires were about 94, 93, 89, and 83 percent, respectively. Further information on NLS:72 may be obtained from: Aurora M. D’Amico Postsecondary Coop System, Analysis, and Dissemination (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 Aurora.D’[email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/nls72/

National Postsecondary Student Aid Study The National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS) is a comprehensive nationwide study of how students and their families pay for postsecondary education. It covers nationally representative samples of undergraduates, graduates, and first-professional students in the 50 states, District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, including students attending less-than-2-year institutions, 2- to 3-year schools, 4-year colleges, and major universities. Participants include students who do not receive aid and their parents, as well as students who do receive financial aid and their parents. Study results are used to help determine future federal policy regarding student financial aid. The study was conducted every 3 years. Beginning with the 1999–2000 survey, they will be conducted every 4 years. The first NPSAS was conducted during the 1986–87 school year. Data were gathered from about 1,074 colleges, universities, and other postsecondary institutions; 60,000

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 705

students; and 14,000 parents. These data provided information on the cost of postsecondary education, the distribution of financial aid, and the characteristics of both aided and nonaided students and their families. As a part of NPSAS:93, information on 77,000 undergraduates and graduate students enrolled during the school year was collected at 1,000 postsecondary institutions. The sample included students enrolled at any time between July 1, 1992 and June 30, 1993. About 66,000 students and a subsample of their parents were interviewed by telephone. NPSAS:96 contains information on more than 48,000 undergraduate and graduate students from 973 postsecondary institutions. Students were enrolled at any time during the 1995–96 school year. For NPSAS:2000 nearly 62,000 students (49,930 undergraduates, 10,640 graduates, and 1,200 first-professional students) from 999 postsecondary institutions were included. NPSAS:2004 collected data on 69,100 undergraduates and 31,800 graduates from 1,360 postsecondary institutions. Further information on NPSAS may be obtained from: James Griffith Postsecondary Longitudinal and Sample Survey Studies (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/npsas/

National Study of Postsecondary Faculty The National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF) was designed to provide data about faculty to postsecondary researchers, planners, and policymakers. NSOPF is the most comprehensive study of faculty in postsecondary educational institutions ever undertaken. The first cycle of NSOPF (NSOPF:88) was conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) with support from the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) in 1987–88 with a sample of 480 colleges and universities, over 3,000 department chairpersons, and over 11,000 instructional faculty. The second cycle of NSOPF (NSOPF:93) was conducted by NCES with support from NEH and the National Science Foundation (NSF) in 1992–93. NSOPF:93 was limited to surveys of institutions and faculty, but with a substantially expanded sample of 974 colleges and universities, and 31,354 faculty and instructional staff. The third cycle, NSPOF:99, included 960 degree-granting postsecondary institutions and approximately 18,000 faculty and instructional staff. The fourth cycle of NSOPF was in 2003–04. NSPOF:04 included 1,080 degree-granting postsecondary institutions and approximately 26,000 faculty and instructional staff. Further information on NSOPF may be obtained from:

Linda J. Zimbler Postsecondary Longitudinal and Sample Survey Studies (PSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/nsopf/

Private School Universe Survey The purposes of the Private School Survey (PSS) data collection activities are (1) to build an accurate and complete list of private schools to serve as a sampling frame for NCES sample surveys of private schools; and (2) to report data on the total number of private schools, teachers, and students in the survey universe. Begun in 1989 the PSS has been conducted every 2 years and data for the 1989–90, 1991–92, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1997–98, 1999–2000, and 2001–02 school years have been released. The PSS produces data similar to that of the CCD for the public schools, and can be used for public-private comparisons. The data are useful for a variety of policy and researchrelevant issues, such as the growth of religiously affiliated schools, the number of private high school graduates, the length of the school year for various private schools, and the number of private school students and teachers. The target population for the universe survey consists of all private schools in the United States that meet NCES criteria of a school (e.g., private school is an institution which provides instruction for any of grades K through 12, has one or more teachers to give instruction, is not administered by a public agency, and is not operated in a private home). The survey universe is composed of schools identified from a variety of sources. The main source is a list frame, initially developed for the 1989–90 PSS. The list is updated regularly by matching it with lists provided by nationwide private school associations, state departments of education, and other national guides and sources that list private schools. The other source is an area frame search in approximately 120 geographic areas, conducted by the Census Bureau. Further information on PSS may be obtained from: Steve Broughman Elementary/Secondary Sample Survey Studies Program (ESLSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pss/

Projections of Education Statistics Since 1964, NCES has published projections of key statistics for elementary and secondary schools and institutions of higher education. The latest report is titled Projections of Education Statistics to 2014. These projections include sta-

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

706 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

tistics such as enrollments, instructional staff, graduates, earned degrees, and expenditures. These reports include several alternative projection series and a methodology section describing the techniques and assumptions used to prepare them. Data in this edition of the Digest reflect the middle alternative projection series. Differences between the reported and projected values are, of course, almost inevitable. An evaluation of past projections revealed that, at the elementary and secondary level, projections of enrollments have been quite accurate: mean absolute percentage differences for enrollment were less than 1 percent for projections from 1 to 5 years in the future, while those for teachers were less than 4 percent. At the higher education level, projections of enrollment have been fairly accurate: mean absolute percentage differences were 5 percent or less for projections from 1 to 5 years into the future. Further information on Projections of Education Statistics may be obtained from: William Hussar Annual Reports Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/edstats/

Recent College Graduates Survey Since 1976, NCES has conducted periodic surveys of baccalaureate and master’s degree recipients one year after graduation. This survey system has been replaced by a new data collection entitled Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (see listing above). The Recent College Graduates (RCG) surveys concentrated on those graduates entering the teaching profession. The surveys link major field of study with outcomes such as whether the respondent entered the labor force or was seeking additional education. Data on the labor force include employment status (unemployed, parttime or full-time employed), occupation, salary, career potential, relation to major field of study, and need for a college degree. To obtain accurate results on teachers, graduates with a major in education were oversampled. The last two surveys over-sampled education majors, and increased the sampling of graduates with majors in other fields. For each of the selected institutions, a list of their graduates by major field of study was obtained and a sample of graduates was drawn by major field of study. Graduates in certain major fields of study (e.g., education, mathematics, physical sciences) were sampled at higher rates than graduates in other fields. Roughly one year after graduation, the sample of graduates was located, contacted by mail or telephone, and asked to respond to the questionnaire. The locating process was more detailed than in most surveys. Nonresponse rates were directly related to the time, effort, and resources used in locating graduates, rather than to graduates’ refusals to participate. Despite the difficulties

in locating graduates, response rates for recent studies are comparable to studies without locating problems. The 1976 survey of 1974–75 college graduates was the first, and smallest of the series. The sample consisted of 211 schools, of which 200 (96 percent) responded. Of the 5,854 graduates in the sample, 4,350 responded, for a response rate of 79 percent. The 1981 survey was somewhat larger, covering 297 institutions and 15,852 graduates. Responses were obtained from 283 institutions, for an institutional response rate of 95 percent, and from 9,312 graduates (716 others were determined to be out of scope), for a response rate of 74 percent. The 1985 survey sampled 404 colleges and 18,738 graduates of whom 17,853 were found to be in scope. Responses were obtained from 13,200 students, for a response rate of 78 percent. The response rate for the colleges was 98 percent. The 1987 survey form was sent to 21,957 graduates. Responses were received from 16,878, for a response rate of 79.7 percent. The 1991 survey (RCG:91) sampled 18,135 graduates of 400 bachelor’s and master’s degree-granting institutions, including 16,172 bachelor’s degree recipients and 1,963 master’s degree recipients receiving diplomas between July 1, 1989 and June 30, 1990. Random samples of graduates were selected from lists stratified by field of study. Graduates in education, mathematics, and the physical sciences were sampled at a higher rate, as were minority graduates to provide a sufficient number of these graduates for analysis purposes. The graduates included in the sample were selected in proportion to the institution’s number of graduates. The institutional response rate was 95 percent and the graduate response rate was 83 percent. Appendix table A-3 contains sample sizes for number of graduates, by field, for the 1976, 1981, 1985, 1987, and 1991 surveys. Further information on the RCG survey may be obtained from: Aurora M. D’Amico Postsecondary Studies Division National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 Aurora.D’[email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/b&b/

School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) The School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) was conducted by NCES in Spring/Summer of the 1999–2000 school year. SSOCS focuses on incidents of specific crimes/offenses and a variety of specific discipline issues in public schools. It also covers characteristics of school policies, school violence prevention programs and policies, and school characteristics that have been associated with school crime. The survey was conducted with a nationally representative sample of regular

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 707

public elementary, middle, and high schools in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Special education, alternative and vocational schools, schools in the territories, and schools that taught only prekindergarten, kindergarten, or adult education were not included in the sample. The sampling frame for the SSOCS:2000 was constructed from the public school universe file created for the 2000 Schools and Staffing Survey from the 1997–98 NCES Common Core of Data (CCD) Public School Universe File. The sample was stratified by instructional level, type of locale, and enrollment size. Within the primary strata, schools were also sorted by geographic region and by percentage of minority enrollment. The sample sizes were then allocated to the primary strata in rough proportion to the aggregate square root of the size of enrollment of schools in the stratum. A total of 3,300 schools were selected for the study. Among those, 2,270 schools completed the survey. In March 2000, questionnaires were mailed to school principals, who were asked to complete the survey or to have it completed by the person most knowledgeable about discipline issues at the school. The weighted overall response rate was 70 percent, and item nonresponse rates ranged from 0 to 2.7 percent on the public-use data file. For SSOCS data, a full nonresponse bias analysis was conducted and no bias on the basis of nonresponse was detected. The weights were developed to adjust for the variable probabilities of selection and differential nonresponse, and can be used to produce national estimates for regular public schools in the 1999–2000 school year. For more information about the School Survey on Crime and Safety, contact: Kathryn A. Chandler Elementary/Secondary Sample Survey Studies Program (ESLSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/ssocs

Schools and Staffing Survey The Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) is a set of linked questionnaires that collects data on the nation’s public and private elementary and secondary teaching force, characteristics of schools and school principals, demand for teachers, and school/school district policies. SASS data are collected through a mail questionnaire with telephone follow-up. SASS was first conducted for the National Center for Education Statistics by the Census Bureau during the 1987–88 school year. SASS subsequently was conducted in 1990–91, 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04. The 1990–91, 1993–94, and 1999–2000 SASS also obtained data on Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) or tribally run schools. For the first time in 1999–2000 SASS included the entire universe of charter schools known to be in operation during 1998–99.

Both the 1993–94 and 1999–2000 SASS estimates are based upon a sample consisting of approximately 9,900 public schools, 3,600 private schools, and 5,500 public school districts associated with the public schools in the sample. From these schools, about 56,000 public school teachers and 10,700 private school teachers were selected for the 1993–94 and 1999–2000 SASS teacher surveys. The 1999–2000 SASS included 1,100 charter schools, and a sample of 4,400 charter school teachers. The public school sample for the 1999–2000 SASS was based on the 1997–98 school year Common Core of Data (CCD), the compilation of all the nation’s public school districts and public schools. CCD is collected annually from state education agencies. The frame includes regular public schools, Department of Defense-operated military base schools in the United States, and other schools, such as special education, vocational, and alternative schools. SASS is designed to provide national estimates for public and private school characteristics and state estimates for school districts, public schools, principals, and teachers. The teacher survey is designed as well to allow comparisons between new and experienced teachers, and between bilingual/ESL teachers and other teachers. The private school sample for 1999–2000 SASS was selected from the 1997–98 Private School Universe Survey (PSS), supplemented with list updates from states and some associations available in time for sample selection. Private school estimates are available at the national level and by private school affiliation. In 1993–94, the weighted response rate for the Teacher Demand and Shortage Questionnaire was 93.9 percent. Weighted response rates for the Public School Principal Questionnaire and the Private School Questionnaire were 96.6 percent and 87.6 percent, respectively. The public, private, and BIA teacher questionnaires were sent out in several batches, between mid-December 1993 and early February 1994. Weighted response rates for the Public School Questionnaire and the Private School Questionnaire were 92.3 percent and 83.2 percent, respectively. Five percent of public schools and 9 percent of private schools did not provide a list of teachers in their schools and were thus ineligible for sampling. Weighted response rates were 88.2 percent for public school teachers and 80.2 percent for private school teachers. In 1999–2000, the weighted response rate for the School District Questionnaire was 88.6 percent. Weighted response rates for the Public School Principal Questionnaire, the Private School Principal Questionnaire, and the Charter School Principal Questionnaire were 90.0 percent, 84.8 percent, and 90.2 percent, respectively. Weighted response rates for the Public School Questionnaire, the Private School Questionnaire, and the Charter School Questionnaire were 88.5 percent, 79.8 percent, and 86.1 percent, respectively. Seven percent of public schools, 14 percent of private schools, and 9 percent of charter schools did not provide a list of teachers in their schools and were thus ineligible for sampling. The weighted overall

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

708 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

response rates were 76.7 percent for public school teachers, 67.3 percent for private school teachers, and 71.8 percent for charter school teachers. Public-use data files are available on CD-ROM. Summary data from the 1999–2000 SASS can be found in Schools and Staffing Survey, 1999–2000: Overview of the Data for Public, Private, Public Charter, and Bureau of Indian Affairs Elementary and Secondary Schools (NCES 2002-313). Further information about the sample design may be obtained from the 1999–2000 Schools and Staffing Survey: Sample Design and Estimation (forthcoming). There also is a methodology report on SASS, A Quality Profile for SASS, Rounds 1–3: 1987 to 1995 (NCES 2000-308). The most recent administration of SASS occurred during the 2003–04 school year. Further information on SASS may be obtained from: Kerry Gruber Elementary/Secondary Sample Survey Studies Program (ESLSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/sass/

Other Department of Education Agencies Office for Civil Rights OCR Elementary and Secondary School Survey The OCR Elementary and Secondary School Survey in the U.S. Department of Education is the instrument used by the Office for Civil Rights (OCR) to obtain trend data from the nation’s public elementary and secondary schools. These surveys provide information about the enrollment of students in public schools in every state and about some educational services to those students. These data are reported by race/ethnicity, sex, and disability. Information collected in the E&S Surveys is collected pursuant to 34 C.F.R. Section 100.6(b) of Department of Education regulation implementing Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The requirements are also incorporated by reference in Department regulations implementing Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Age Discrimination Act of 1975. The Department of Justice also has delegated OCR responsibility for enforcing Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. School, district, state, and national data are currently available. The reported data from individual public schools and districts collected by the Elementary and Secondary School Survey were used to generate projected national and state data.

In recent surveys, the sample has been approximately 6,000 districts and 60,000 schools; however, in 2000 all public school districts were sampled. In a sample survey, the following districts are sampled with certainty: districts having more than 25,000 students; all districts in states having 25 or fewer public school districts; and districts subject to Federal Court Order and monitored by the U.S. Department of Justice. Further information on the Elementary and Secondary School Survey can be obtained from: Mary Schifferli Office for Civil Rights U.S. Department of Education 555 12th Street, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20202 [email protected] http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/index.html

Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), formerly the Education of the Handicapped Act (EHA), requires the Secretary of Education to transmit to Congress annually a report describing the progress in serving the nation’s disabled children. The annual report contains information on children served by the public schools under the provisions of Part B of the IDEA and for children served in state-operated programs (SOP) for the handicapped under Chapter I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). Statistics on children receiving special education and related services in various settings and school personnel providing such services are reported in an annual submission of data to the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS), by the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the outlying areas. The child count information is based on the number of disabled children receiving special education and related services on December 1st of each year. Count information is available from http://www.ideadata.org. Since each participant in programs for the disabled is reported to OSERS, the data are not subject to sampling error. However, nonsampling error can occur from a variety of sources. Some states follow a non-categorical approach to the delivery of special education services, but produce counts by disabling condition because EHA–B requires it. In those states that do categorize their disabled students, definitions and labeling practices vary. Further information on the Annual Report to Congress may be obtained from:

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 709

Office of Special Education Programs Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services 550 12th St., SW Washington, DC 20065 http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/osers/osep/index.html http://www.ideadata.org

Office of Vocational and Adult Education Division of Adult Education and Literacy The Division of Adult Education and Literacy (DAEL) promotes programs that help American adults get the basic skills they need to be productive workers, family members, and citizens. The major areas of support are Adult Basic Education, Adult Secondary Education and English Language Acquisition. These programs emphasize basic skills such as reading, writing, math, English language competency and problem-solving. Each year DAEL reports enrollment numbers in state-administered adult education programs for these major areas of support for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and eight U.S. jurisdictions (American Samoa, Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, the Marshall Islands, Northern Marianas, Palau, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands). Further information on DAEL may be obtained from: U.S. Department of Education Office of Vocational and Adult Education Division of Adult Education and Literacy 400 Maryland Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20202 http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ovae/pi/AdultEd/ index.html

Other Governmental Agencies Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Price Indexes The Consumer Price Index (CPI) represents changes in prices of all goods and services purchased for consumption by urban households. Indexes are available for two population groups: a CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and a CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W). Price indexes are available for the United States, the four Census regions, size of city, cross-classifications of regions and size-classes, and for 26 local areas. The major uses of the CPI include the CPI as an economic indicator, as a deflator of other economic series, and as a means of adjusting income payments. Also available is the Consumer Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS), which presents an estimate of the CPI-U from 1978 to the present that incorporates most of the improvements that the BLS has made over

that time span into the entire series. The historical price index series of the CPI-U does not reflect these changes, though these changes do make the present and future CPI more accurate. The limitations of the CPI-U-RS include considerable uncertainty surrounding the magnitude of the adjustments and the several improvements in the CPI that have not been incorporated into the CPI-U-RS for various reasons. Nonetheless, the CPI-U-RS can serve as a valuable proxy for researchers needing a historical estimate of inflation using current methods. The direct adjustment of individual CPI index series makes this the most detailed and systematic estimate available of a consistent CPI series. Further information on consumer price indexes may be obtained from: Consumer Price Indexes Bureau of Labor Statistics U.S. Department of Labor 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE Washington, DC 20212 http://stats.bls.gov/cpi/home.htm

Unemployment Surveys Statistics on the employment status of the population and related data are compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) using data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) and other surveys. The monthly CPS survey of households is conducted for BLS by the Census Bureau through a scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional population. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the employment status of each member of the household 16 years of age and over. Each month, about 60,000 occupied units are eligible for interview. Some 4,500 of these households are contacted, but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other reasons. This represents a non-interview rate for the survey that ranges between 7 and 8 percent. In addition to the 60,000 occupied units, there are 12,000 sample units in an average month that are visited, but found to be vacant or otherwise not eligible for enumeration. The current sample design, introduced in July 2001, includes about 72,000 households from 754 sample areas and maintains a 1.9 percent coefficient of variation (c.v.) on national monthly estimates of unemployment level. This translates into a change of 0.2 percentage points in the unemployment rate being significant at a 90 percent confidence level. For each of the 50 states and for the District of Columbia, the design maintains a c.v. of at most 8 percent on the annual average estimate of unemployment level, assuming a 6 percent unemployment rate. Further information on unemployment surveys may be obtained from:

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

710 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

Bureau of Labor Statistics U.S. Department of Labor 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE Washington, DC 20212 [email protected] http://www.bls.gov/bls/employment.htm

Census Bureau Census of Population–Education in the United States This report is based on a part of the decennial census which consists of questions asked of a one-in-six sample of persons and housing units in the United States. This sample was asked more detailed questions about income, occupation, and housing costs in addition to general demographic information. School Enrollment Persons classified as enrolled in school reported attending a "regular" public or private school or college. Questions asked were whether the institution attended was public or private, and level of school in which the student was enrolled. Educational Attainment Data for educational attainment were tabulated for persons 15 years and over, and classified according to the highest grade completed or the highest degree received. Instructions were also given to include the level of the previous grade attended or the highest degree received for persons currently enrolled in school. Poverty Status To determine poverty status, answers to income questions were used and compared to the appropriate poverty threshold. All persons except institutionalized persons, persons in military group quarters and in college dormitories, and unrelated persons under 15 years old were considered. If total income of each family or unrelated individual in the sample was less than the corresponding cutoff, that family or individual was classified as "below the poverty level." Further information on the 1990 Census and 2000 Census of population may be obtained from: Population Division Census Bureau U.S. Department of Commerce Washington, DC 20233 http://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/decenial.html http://www.census.gov/main/www/cen2000.html

Current Population Survey Prior to July 2001, estimates of school enrollment rates, as well as social and economic characteristics of students, were based on data collected in the Census Bureau’s monthly household survey of about 50,000 dwelling units. Beginning in July 2001, this sample was expanded to 60,000 dwelling units. The monthly Current Population Survey (CPS) sample consists of 754 areas comprising 2,007 geographic areas,

independent cities, and minor civil divisions throughout the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The samples are initially selected based on the decennial census files and are periodically updated to reflect new housing construction. The monthly CPS deals primarily with labor force data for the civilian noninstitutional population (i.e., excluding military personnel and their families living on bases and inmates of institutions). In addition, in October of each year, supplemental questions are asked about highest grade completed, level and grade of current enrollment, attendance status, number and type of courses, degree or certificate objective, and type of organization offering instruction for each member of the household. In March of each year, supplemental questions on income are asked. The responses to these questions are combined with answers to two questions on educational attainment: highest grade of school ever attended, and whether that grade was completed. The estimation procedure employed for monthly CPS data involves inflating weighted sample results to independent estimates of characteristics of the civilian noninstitutional population in the United States by age, sex, and race. These independent estimates are based on statistics from decennial censuses; statistics on births, deaths, immigration, and emigration; and statistics on the population in the armed services. Generalized standard error tables are provided in the Current Population Reports. The data are subject to both nonsampling and sampling errors. Caution should also be used when comparing data from 1993 to 2001, which reflect 1990 census-based population controls, with data from March 1993 and earlier years, which reflect 1980 or earlier census-based population controls, as well as with data from 2002 onwards which reflect 2000 census-based controls. Changes in population controls generally have relatively little impact on summary measures such as means, medians, and percentage distributions. They can have a significant impact on population counts. For example, use of 1990-based population resulted in about a 1 percent increase in the civilian noninstitutional population and in the number of families and households. Thus, estimates of levels for data collected in 1994 and later years will differ from those for earlier years by more than what could be attributed to actual changes in the population. These differences could be disproportionately greater for certain subpopulation groups than for the total population. Further information on CPS may be obtained from: Education and Social Stratification Branch Population Division Census Bureau U.S. Department of Commerce Washington, DC 20233 http://www.bls.census.gov/cps/cpsmain.htm Dropouts Each October, the Current Population Survey (CPS) includes supplemental questions on the enrollment status of the population 3 years old and over as part of the monthly

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 711

basic survey on labor force participation. In addition to gathering the information on school enrollment, with the limitations as noted under “School Enrollment,” the survey data permit calculations of dropout rates. Both status and event dropout rates are tabulated from the October CPS Survey. The Digest provides information using the status rate calculation. Event rates describe the proportion of students who leave school each year without completing a high school program. Status rates provide cumulative data on dropouts among all young adults within a specified age range. Status rates are higher than event rates because they include all dropouts ages 16 through 24, regardless of when they last attended school. In addition to other survey limitations, dropout rates may be affected by survey coverage and exclusion of the institutionalized population. The incarcerated population has grown more rapidly than the general population, and it has a higher dropout rate than the general population. Dropout rates for the total population might be higher than those for the noninstitutionalized population if the prison and jail populations were included in the dropout rate calculations. On the other hand, if military personnel, who tend to be high school graduates, were included, it might offset some or all of the impact from the theoretical inclusion of the jail and prison population. Another area of concern with tabulations involving young people in household surveys is the relatively low coverage ratio compared to older age groups. CPS under-coverage results from missed housing units and missed persons within sample households. Overall CPS under-coverage is estimated to be about 8 percent. CPS under-coverage varies with age, sex, and race. Generally, under-coverage is larger for males than for females and larger for Blacks and other races combined than for Whites. For example, the under-coverage ratio for Black 20- to 29-year-old males is 34 percent. Ratio estimation to independent age-sex-race-Hispanic population controls partially corrects for the bias due to under-coverage. However, biases exist in the estimates to the extent that missed persons in missed households or missed persons in interviewed households have different characteristics from those of interviewed persons in the same age-sex-race-originstate group. Further information on CPS methodology may be obtained from: http://www.bls.census.gov/cps/cpsmain.htm. Further information on calculation of dropouts and dropout rates may be obtained from the NCES Dropout Rates in the United States: 2001 at: http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/ pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2005046 or by contacting: Chris Chapman Early Childhood Longitudinal and Household Studies Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected]

Educational Attainment Data on years of school completed are derived from two questions on the Current Population Survey (CPS) instrument. Reports documenting educational attainment are produced by the Census Bureau using March CPS supplement (Annual Demographic Survey) results. The latest release is Educational Attainment in the United States: 2004, which may be downloaded at: http://www.census.gov/population/ www/socdemo/education/cps2004.html. In addition to the general constraints of CPS, some data indicate that the respondents have a tendency to overestimate the educational level of members of their household. Some inaccuracy is due to a lack of the respondent’s knowledge of the exact educational attainment of each household member and the hesitancy to acknowledge anything less than a high school education. Another cause of nonsampling variability is the change in the numbers in the armed services over the years. For the March 2004 basic CPS, the response rate was 91.5 percent and for the supplement the response rate was 91.8 percent for a total supplement response rate of 84.0 percent. For the March 2005 basic CPS, the response rate was 90.6 percent and for the supplement the response rate was 91.2 percent for a total supplement response rate of 82.3 percent. The variability in estimates for subgroups (region, household relationships, etc.) can be estimated using the tables presented in Current Population Reports. Further information on the Current Population Survey and its Supplements may be obtained from the CPS website at: http:// www.bls.census.gov/cps/cpsmain.htm. Further information on CPS "Educational Attainment in the United States" may be obtained from: Education and Social Stratification Branch Census Bureau U.S. Department of Commerce Washington, DC 20233 http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/educattn.html School Enrollment Each October, the Current Population Survey (CPS) includes supplemental questions on the enrollment status of the population 3 years old and over, in addition to the monthly basic survey on labor force participation. Prior to 2001, the October supplement consisted of approximately 47,000 interviewed households. Beginning with the October 2001 supplement, the sample was expanded by 9,000 to a total of approximately 56,000 interviewed households. The main sources of non-sampling variability in the responses to the supplement are those inherent in the survey instrument. The question of current enrollment may not be answered accurately for various reasons. Some respondents may not know current grade information for every student in the household, a problem especially prevalent for households

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

712 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

with members in college or in nursery school. Confusion over college credits or hours taken by a student may make it difficult to determine the year in which the student is enrolled. Problems may occur with the definition of nursery school (a group or class organized to provide educational experiences for children), where respondents’ interpretations of "educational experiences" vary. For the October 2003 basic CPS, the response rate was 92.7 percent; and for the school enrollment supplement, the response rate was 93.7 percent for a total supplement response rate of 86.9 percent. The October 2004 basic CPS response rate was 92.3 percent; and for the school enrollment supplement, the response rate was 96.0 percent for a total supplement response rate of 88.6. Further information on CPS methodology may be obtained from: http://www.bls.census.gov/cps/cpsmain.htm. Further information on CPS "School Enrollment" may be obtained from: Education and Social Stratification Branch Census Bureau U.S. Department of Commerce Washington, DC 20233 http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/ school.html

Government Finances The Census Bureau conducts an annual survey of Government Finances as authorized by law under Title 13, United States Code, Section 182. This survey covers the entire range of government finance activities: revenue, expenditure, debt, and assets. Revenues and expenditures comprise actual receipts and payments of a government and its agencies, including government-operated enterprises, utilities, and public trust funds. The expenditure reporting categories comprise all amounts of money paid out by a government and its agencies with the exception of amounts for debt retirement and for loan, investment, agency, and private trust transactions. Most of the federal government statistics are based on figures that appear in The Budget of the United States Government. Since the classification used by the Census Bureau for reporting state and local government finance statistics differs in a number of important respects from the classification used in the United States budget, it was necessary to adjust the federal data. For this report, federal budget expenditures include interest accrued, but not paid, during the fiscal year; Census data on interest are on a disbursement basis. The state government finances are based primarily on the annual Census Bureau survey of state finances. Census staff compiles figures from official records and reports of the various states for most of the state financial data. The sample of local governments is drawn from the periodic Census of Governments and consists of certain local governments taken with certainty plus a sample below the certainty level.

The statistics in Government Finances that are based wholly or partly on data from the sample are subject to sampling error. State government finance data are not subject to sampling error. Estimates of major United States totals for local governments are subject to a computed sampling variability of less than one-half of l percent. The estimates are also subject to the inaccuracies in classification, response, and processing which would occur if a complete census had been conducted under the same conditions as the sample. Further information on Government Finances may be obtained from: Governments Division Census Bureau U.S. Department of Commerce Washington, DC 20233 http://www.census.gov/govs/www/index.html

Survey of Income and Program Participation The main objective of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) is to provide accurate and comprehensive information about the income and program participation of individuals and households in the United States, and about the principal determinants of income and program participation. SIPP offers detailed information on cash and noncash income on a subannual basis. The survey also collects data on taxes, assets, liabilities, and participation in government transfer programs. SIPP data allow the government to evaluate the effectiveness of federal, state, and local programs. The survey design is a continuous series of national panels, with sample size ranging from approximately 14,000 to 36,700 interviewed households. The duration of each panel ranges from 2 1/2 years to 4 years. The SIPP sample is a multistage-stratified sample of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population. For the 1984-1993 panels, a panel of households was introduced each year in February. A 4-year panel was introduced in April 1996. A 2000 panel was introduced in February 2000 for 2 waves. A 3-year 2001 panel was introduced in February 2001. All household members 15 years old and over are interviewed by self-response, if possible. Proxy response is permitted when household members are not available for interviewing. The SIPP content is built around a “core” of labor force, program participation, and income questions designed to measure the economic situation of persons in the United States. These questions expand the data currently available on the distribution of cash and noncash income and are repeated at each interviewing wave. The survey uses a 4month recall period, with approximately the same number of interviews being conducted in each month of the 4-month period for each wave. Interviews are conducted by personal visit and by decentralized telephone. The survey has been designed also to provide a broader context for analysis by adding questions on a variety of topics not covered in the core section. These questions are labelled “topi-

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 713

cal modules” and are assigned to particular interviewing waves of the survey. Topics covered by the modules include personal history, child care, wealth, program eligibility, child support, disability, school enrollment, taxes, and annual income. Further information on the Survey of Income and Program Participation may be obtained from: Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. Census Bureau U.S. Department of Commerce Washington, DC 20233 http://www.sipp.census.gov/sipp/

National Institute on Drug Abuse The National Institute on Drug Abuse of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is the primary supporter of the long-term study entitled "Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of the Lifestyles and Values of Youth," conducted at the University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research. One component of the study deals with student drug abuse. Results of a national sample survey have been published annually since 1975. With the exception of 1975, when about 9,400 students participated in the survey, the annual senior samples are comprised of roughly 16,000 students in 133 schools. They complete self-administered questionnaires given to them in their classrooms by University of Michigan personnel. Each year 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-graders are surveyed (12th-graders since 1975, and 8th- and 10th-graders since 1991). The 10th-grade samples involve about 17,000 students in 140 schools each year, while the 8th grade samples have approximately 18,000 students in 150 schools. In all, approximately 50,000 students from 420 public and private secondary schools are surveyed annually. Over the years, the response rate has varied from 77 to 84 percent. Understandably, there will be some reluctance to admit illegal activities. Also, students who were out of school on the day of the survey were nonrespondents. The survey did not include high school dropouts. The inclusion of these two groups would tend to increase the proportion of individuals who had used drugs. A 1983 study found that the inclusion of the absentees could increase some of the drug usage estimates by as much as 2.7 percentage points. (Details on that study and its methodology were published in Drug Use Among American High School Students, College Students, and Other Young Adults, by Lloyd D. Johnston, Patrick M. O’Malley, and Jerald G. Bachman, available from the National Clearinghouse on Drug Abuse Information, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.) Further information on the Monitoring the Future drug abuse survey may be obtained from: National Institute on Drug Abuse Division of Epidemiology and Statistical Analysis 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, MD 20857 http://www.monitoringthefuture.org

National Science Foundation Federal Obligations to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions Each year, the National Science Foundation collects data on obligations to colleges and universities from federal agencies. Obligations differ from expenditures, in that funds obligated during one fiscal year may be spent by the recipient in later years. Obligation amounts include direct federal support, so that amounts subcontracted to other institutions are included. Those funds received through subcontracts from prime contractors are excluded. Also excluded from the data are certain types of financial assistance, such as the U.S. Department of Education’s Federal Family Education Loans and obligations to the U.S. service academies. For purposes of tabulations in this publication, universityadministered federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) are now excluded from state totals. The universe of academic institutions for this survey is based on the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (see above). Institutions without federal support were excluded and some systems were combined into single reporting units. Further information on Federal Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions may be obtained from: Science and Engineering Activities Program Division of Science Resources Studies National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 22230 http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/fedsuppt/

Survey of Earned Doctorates Awarded in the United States The Survey of Earned Doctorates Awarded in the United States has collected basic statistics from the universe of doctoral recipients in the United States each year since 1958. It has been supported by five federal agencies: the National Science Foundation, in conjunction with the U.S. Department of Education; the National Endowment for the Humanities; the U.S. States Department of Agriculture; and the National Institutes of Health. A survey form is distributed with the assistance of graduate deans, to each person completing the requirements for a doctorate. Of the 40,710 new research doctorates granted in 2003, the response rate was 91 percent. The questionnaire obtains information on sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, citizenship, handicaps, dependents, specialty field of doctorate, educational institutions attended, time spent in completion of doctorate, financial support, educational debt, postgraduation plans, and educational attainment of parents.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

714 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

Further information on the Survey of Earned Doctorates Awarded in the United States may be obtained from: Science and Engineering Education and Human Resources Program Division of Science Resources Studies National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 22230 http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/ssed/start.htm http://www.norc.uchicago.edu/issues/docdata.htm

Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering The Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, also known as the graduate student survey (GSS), is an annual survey at the academic department level of all U.S. institutions offering graduate programs in any science, engineering, or health field. It is an establishment-based survey that provides data on the number and characteristics of graduate science and engineering students enrolled in approximately 600 U.S. academic institutions. Data for the 2002 GSS were collected at the beginning of academic year 2002–03. The survey collected data from all branch campuses, affiliated research centers, and separately organized components, such as medical or dental schools, nursing schools, and schools of public health. Only those graduate students enrolled for credit in an S&E master’s or doctoral program in the fall of 2002 were included in the survey. M.D., D.O., D.V.M., or D.D.S. candidates, interns, and residents were counted if they were concurrently working on a science and engineering master’s or doctoral degree or were enrolled in a joint M.D./Ph.D. program. The final 2002 survey universe consisted of 715 reporting units (schools) at 594 graduate institutions: 234 master’sgranting institutions and 481 reporting units associated with 360 doctorate-granting institutions. Further information on the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering may be obtained from: Julia Oliver GSS Survey Manager Division of Science Resources Statistics National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 965 Arlington, VA 22230 http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/showsrvy.cfm?srvy_CatID=2&srvy_Seri=2

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration National Survey on Drug Use and Health Conducted by the Federal Government since 1971, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) is an annual survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population of the United States age 12 years old or older. It is the primary source of information on the prevalence, patterns, and consequences of alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drug abuse. The survey collects data by administering questionnaires to a representative sample of the population (since 1999 the NSDUH interview has been carried out using computer-assisted interviewing). NSDUH collects information from residents of households, noninstitutional group quarters, and civilians living on military bases. The main results of the NSDUH present national estimates of rates of use, numbers of users, and other measures related to illicit drugs, alcohol, and tobacco products. Prior to 2002, the survey was called the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA). Because of improvements to the survey in 2002, the data from 2002, 2003 and 2004 should not be compared with 2001 and earlier NHSDA data to assess changes in substance use over time. The 2004 NSDUH screened 130,130 addresses and 67,760 completed interviews were obtained. The survey was conducted from January through December 2004. Weighted response rates for household screening were 90.9 percent and 77.0 percent for interviewing. Further information on the 2004 NSDUH may be obtained from: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies 1 Choke Cherry Road, Room 7-1044 Rockville, MD 28057 http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/nsduh.htm

Other Organization Sources American College Testing Program The American College Testing (ACT) assessment is designed to measure educational development in the areas of English, mathematics, social studies, and natural sciences. The ACT assessment is taken by college-bound high school students and by all graduating seniors in Colorado and Illinois. The test results are used to predict how well students might perform in college. Prior to the 1984–85 school year, national norms were based on a 10 percent sample of the students taking the test. Since then, national norms are based on the test scores of all students taking the test. Moreover, beginning with 1984–85, these norms have been based on the most recent ACT scores available from students scheduled to graduate in the spring of the year. Duplicate test records are no longer used to produce national figures.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 715

Separate ACT standard scores are computed for English, mathematics, science reasoning, and, as of October 1989, reading. ACT standard scores are reported for each subject area on a scale from 1 to 36. The four ACT standard scores have a mean (average) of 20.9 and a standard deviation of 4.8 for test-taking students nationally. A composite score is obtained by taking the simple average of the four standard scores and is an indication of a student’s overall academic development across these subject areas. It should be noted that graduating students who take the ACT Assessment are not necessarily representative of graduating students nationally. Students who live in the Midwest, Rocky Mountains, plains and southern regions of the country are over-represented among ACT-tested students as compared to graduating students nationally. Also, ACT-tested students tend to enroll in public colleges and universities more frequently than do college-bound students nationally. Further information on the ACT may be obtained from: The American College Testing Program 2201 North Dodge Street P.O. Box 168 Iowa City, IA 52243 http://www.act.org/news/data.html

American Council on Education One of the American Council of Education’s (ACE) programs and services is the General Educational Development Testing Service (GEDTS) which develops and distributes General Educational Development (GED) tests. A GED credential documents high school-level academic skills. ACE publishes Who Passed the GED Tests? Further information on the GED may be obtained from: American Council on Education One Dupont Circle, NW Washington, DC 20036 http://www.acenet.edu/

College Entrance Examination Board The Admissions Testing Program of the College Board comprises a number of college admissions tests, including the Preliminary Scholastic Assessment Test (PSAT) and the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT). High school students participate in the testing program as sophomores, juniors, or seniors—some more than once during these 3 years. If they have taken the tests more than once, only the most recent scores are tabulated. The PSAT and SAT report subscores in the areas of mathematics and verbal ability. The SAT results are not representative of high school students or college-bound students nationally since the sample is self-selected. Generally, tests are taken by students who need the results to apply to a particular college or university. Totals for a state are greatly affected by the requirements of its state

colleges. Public colleges in many states require ACT scores rather than SAT scores. Thus, the proportion of students taking the SAT in these states is very low and is inappropriate for any comparison. In recent years, more than 1.4 million high school students have taken the examination annually. The latest version of the SAT was first administered in March, 2005. Further information on the SAT can be obtained from: College Entrance Examination Board Educational Testing Service Princeton, NJ 08541 http://www.collegeboard.org/

Commonfund Institute Commonfund Institute took over management of the Higher Education Price Index (HEPI) in September 2004 from Research Associates of Washington, which originated the index in 1961. HEPI measures average changes in prices of goods and services purchased by colleges and universities through educational and general expenditures. Sponsored research and auxiliary enterprises are not priced by HEPI. HEPI is based on the prices (or salaries) of faculty and of administrators and other professional service personnel; clerical, technical, service, and other nonprofessional personnel; and contracted services, such as data processing, communication, transportation, supplies and materials, equipment, books and periodicals, and utilities. These represent the items purchased for current operations by colleges and universities. Prices for these items are obtained from salary surveys conducted by various national higher education associations, the American Association of University Professors, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the National Center for Education Statistics; and from components of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Producer Price Index (PPI) published by the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. The quantities of these goods and services have been kept constant based on the 1971–72 buying pattern of colleges and universities. The weights assigned the various items, which represent their relative importance in the current-fund educational and general budget, are estimated national averages. Variance in spending patterns of individual institutions from these national averages reduces only slightly the applicability of the HEPI to any given institutional situation. Modest differences in the weights attached to expenditure categories have little effect on overall index values. This is because the HEPI is dominated by the trend in faculty salaries and similar salary trends for other personnel hired by institutions, which minimizes the impact of price changes in other items purchased in relatively small quantities. Further information on HEPI may be obtained from: Commonfund Institute 15 Old Danbury Road P.O. Box 812 Wilton, CT 06897-0812 http://www.commonfund.org/

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

716 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

Council for Aid to Education The Council for Aid to Education, Inc. (CFAE) is a notfor-profit corporation funded by contributions from businesses. CFAE largely provides consulting and research services to corporations and information on voluntary support services to education institutions. Each year CFAE conducts a survey of colleges and universities and private elementary and secondary schools to obtain information on the amounts, sources, and purposes of private gifts, grants, and bequests received during the academic year. In the 2001–02 study, approximately 2,973 colleges and universities were invited to participate and 1,060 responded. The response rate for colleges and universities was 35.5 percent. CFAE estimates that about 85 percent of all voluntary support is reported in the survey because of the high participation of institutions receiving large amounts of funding. Survey forms are reviewed by CFAE for internal consistency before preparing a computerized database. Institutional reports of voluntary support data from the CFAE Survey of Voluntary Support of Education are more comprehensive and detailed than the related data in the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Spring Finance Survey conducted by NCES. The results from the Survey of Voluntary Support of Education are published in the annual Voluntary Support of Education, which may be purchased from CFAE. Further information on Voluntary Support of Education may be obtained from: Ann Kaplan Council for Aid to Education, Inc. 215 Lexington Avenue 21st Floor New York, NY 10016 [email protected] http://www.cae.org/content/publications.htm

Council of Chief State School Officers The Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO) is a nonprofit organization of the 57 public officials who head departments of public education in every state, the outlying areas, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Department of Defense Dependents Schools. In 1985, the CCSSO founded the State Education Assessment Center to provide a locus of leadership by the states to improve the monitoring and assessment of education. This center has since combined with two other centers to form the Division of State Services and Technical Assistance. Key State Education Policies on PK-12 Education is one of the publications issued by the State Educators Project. Most of the data are obtained from a member questionnaire, and the remainder of the data are from federal government agencies.

Further information on CCSSO publications may be obtained from: Rolf Blank State Education Assessment Center Council of Chief State School Officers One Massachusetts Avenue NW 7th Floor Washington, DC 20001 http://www.ccsso.org/

Education Commission of the States The Education Commission of the States (ECS) Clearinghouse collects information on laws and standards in the field of education and reports them periodically in Clearinghouse Notes. The Commission collects information about administrators, principals, and teachers. It also examines policy areas, such as assessment and testing, collective bargaining, early childhood issues, quality education, and school schedules. The information is collected by reading state newsletters, tracking state legislation, and surveying state education agencies. Data are verified by the individual states when necessary. Even though ECS monitors state activity on a continuous basis, it updates the reports only when there is significant change in state activity. Further information on Clearinghouse Notes is available from: Kathy Christie Education Commission of the States 700 Broadway, #1200 Denver, CO 80203-3460 [email protected] http://www.ecs.org

Gallup Poll Phi Delta Kappa Survey Each year the Gallup Poll conducts the "Public Attitudes Toward the Public Schools" survey, funded by Phi Delta Kappa. The survey includes interviews with adults representing the civilian noninstitutional population 18 years old and over. Gallup uses an unclustered, directory-assisted, randomdigit telephone sample, based on a proportionate stratified sampling design. In 2000, the final sample was weighted so that the distribution corresponded with the U.S. Census Bureau’s Current Population Survey (CPS) estimates for adult population living in households with telephones in the continental United States. The sample used in the 36th annual survey was made up of a total of 1,003 adults aged 18 and over. Field work for the survey was conducted between May 28th and June 18th of 2004.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 717

The survey is a sample survey and is subject to sampling error. The size of error depends largely on the number of respondents providing data. Appendix table A-4 shows the approximate sampling errors associated with different percentages and sample sizes for the survey. Appendix table A5 provides approximate sampling errors for comparisons of two sample percentages. For example, an estimated percentage of about 10 percent based on the responses of 1,000 sample members maintains an approximate sampling error of 2 percent at the 95 percent confidence level. The sampling error for the difference in 2 percentages (50 percent versus 41 percent) based on 2 samples of 750 members and 400 members, respectively, is about 8 percent at the 95 percent confidence level. Further information on the "Public Attitudes Toward the Public Schools" survey may be obtained from: Bruce Smith Phi Delta Kappa P.O. Box 789 Bloomington, IN 47402-0789 [email protected] http://www.pdkintl.org/

the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) survey conducted published by NCES are surveyed by IIE. The data presented in the Digest are drawn from the IIE survey that requests the total enrollment of foreign students in an institution and information on student characteristics, such as country of origin. For the 2002–03 survey, approximately 90 percent of the 2,700 institutions surveyed reported data. Additional information can be obtained from the publication Open Doors or by contacting: Deborah Gardner Hey-kyung Koh Institute of International Education 809 United Nations Plaza New York, NY 10017-3580 http://opendoors.iienetwork.org/

International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement

Graduate Record Examinations Board The Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) tests are taken by individuals applying to graduate or professional school. GRE offers two types of tests, the General Test and Subject Tests. The General Test, which is mainly offered on computer, measures verbal, quantitative, and analytical writing skills. The writing section consists of two analytical writing tasks and replaced the analytical reasoning section on the general GRE after December 31, 2002. The Subject Tests measure achievement in subject areas that include Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science, Literature in English, Mathematics, Physics, and Psychology. Each graduate institution or division of the institution determines which GRE tests are required for admission. Individuals may take GRE tests more than once. Score reports only reflect scores earned within the past 5-year period. Further information on the GRE may be obtained from: Graduate Record Examinations Board Educational Testing Service Princeton, NJ 08541 http://www.gre.org

Institute of International Education Each year, the Institute of International Education (IIE) conducts a survey of the number of foreign students studying in American colleges and universities and reports these data in Open Doors. All of the regionally accredited institutions in

The International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement, known as the IEA, is comprised of governmental research centers and national research institutions around the world whose aim is to investigate education problems common among countries. Since its inception in 1958, the IEA has conducted more than 23 research studies of cross-national achievement. The regular cycle of studies encompasses learning in basic school subjects. Examples are the Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and the Progress in International Reading Literacy Studies (PIRLS). IEA projects also include studies of particular interest to IEA members, such as the TIMSS-R Video Study of Classroom Practices, Civic Education, Information Technology in Education, and Preprimary Education.

Civic Education Study In 1994, the IEA General Assembly, composed of the research institutes participating in IEA projects, decided to undertake a two-phased study of civic knowledge called the Civic Education Study (CivEd). Phase I of CivEd, begun in 1996, was designed to collect extensive documentary evidence and expert opinion describing the circumstances, content, and process of civic education in 24 countries. Phase II, the assessment phase of the study, conducted in 1999, was designed to assess the civic knowledge of 14-year-old students across 28 countries. The assessment items in CivEd were designed to measure knowledge and understanding of key principles that are universal across democracies. Another key component of the Phase 2 study focuses on measuring the attitudes of students toward civic issues. Although the study was designed as an international comparison, the data collected allow individual countries to conduct in-depth, national-level comparisons and analyses.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

718 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

Further information on the IEA civic education study may be obtained from: Laurence Ogle International Activities Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://www.nces.ed.gov/surveys/cived

Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS, formerly known as the Third International Mathematics and Science Study) provides reliable and timely data on the mathematics and science achievement of U.S. students compared to that of students in other countries. TIMSS data has been collected in 1995, 1999, and 2003. TIMSS collects information through mathematics and science achievement tests and questionnaires. The questionnaires request information to help provide a context for the performance scores, focusing on such topics as students’ attitudes and beliefs about learning, students’ habits and homework, and their lives both in and outside of school; teachers’ attitudes and beliefs about teaching and learning, teaching assignments, class size and organization, instructional practices, and participation in professional development activities; and principals’ viewpoints on policy and budget responsibilities, curriculum and instruction issues, and student behavior, as well as descriptions of the organization of schools and courses. The assessments and questionnaires are designed to specifications in a guiding framework. The TIMSS framework describes the mathematics and science content to be assessed by providing grade-specific objectives, an overview of the assessment design, and guidelines for item development. Each participating country, like the United States, was required to draw random samples of schools. In the United States, a national probability sample drawn for each study has resulted in over 500 schools and approximately 33,000 students participating in 1995, 221 schools and 9,000 students participating in 1999, and 480 schools and almost 19,000 students in 2003. This sample design ensures the appropriate number of schools and students are participating to provide a representative sample of the students in a specific grade in the United States as a whole. The 2003 U.S. fourth grade sample achieved an initial school response rate of 70 percent (weighted); with a school response rate of 82 percent, after replacement schools were added. From the schools that agreed to participate, students were sampled in intact classes. A total of 10,795 fourthgrade students were sampled for the assessment and 9,829 participated, for a 95 percent student response rate. The resulting fourth grade overall response rate, with replace-

ments included, was 78 percent. The U.S. eighth grade sample achieved an initial school response rate of 71 percent; with a school response rate of 78 percent, after replacement schools were added. A total of 9,891 students were sampled for the eighth grade assessment and 8,912 completed the assessment, for a 94 percent student response rate. The resulting eighth grade overall response rate, with replacements included, was 73 percent. Further information on study may be obtained from: Patrick Gonzales International Activities Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/timss/index.asp

National Association of College and University Business Officers The National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO) is a nonprofit professional organization representing chief administrative and financial officers at more than 2,100 colleges and universities across the country. Over two-thirds of all institutions of higher learning in the United States are members of NACUBO. Each year TIAA-CREF Trust Company, a pension system for educators and a manager of college endowments, conducts an in-depth study of college and university endowments for NACUBO, through its subsidiary, the Trust Company. Endowment assets for 2004 NACUBO Endowment Study participants are for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2004. Endowments include stocks, bonds, cash, and real estate that colleges and universities receive as gifts. Colleges or universities receiving endowments may not spend the endowment principal, only investment income derived from the principal. Quasi-endowments (year-end surplus assets that institutions choose to treat as permanent capital) may also be included in an investment pool’s endowment composition. Also, because donors frequently stipulate that their gifts support specific programs at colleges and universities, the overall size of the endowment can be misleading in terms of available income to support the education of undergraduate students. For example, the income from an endowment gift to a medical school or law school may only be spent on those schools. In such cases, the income would not be available to support undergraduate education. Thus, at some research universities with extensive graduate and professional schools, as little as one-third of the institution’s endowment may actually be available to generate income to support undergraduate programs and students. The survey was administered entirely in a Web-based format. There were 741 respondents to the 2004 survey.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 719

Further information on the 2004 NACUBO Endowment Study may be obtained from:

Further information on the 35th Annual Survey Report: 2003–04 Academic Year may be obtained from:

National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO) 2501 M Street NW, Suite 400 Washington, DC 20037 http://www.nacubo.org

Linda Hughes New York State Higher Education Services Corporation 99 Washington Avenue, Room 1438 Albany, NY 12255 Attention: NASSGAP http://www.nassgap.org/viewrepository.aspx?categoryID=3

National Association of State Directors of Teacher Education and Certification The NASDTEC Manual on the Preparation & Certification of Educational Personnel The National Association of State Directors of Teacher Education and Certification (NASDTEC) was organized in 1928 to represent professional standards boards and commissions and state departments of education that are responsible for the preparation, licensure, and discipline of educational personnel. Currently, NASDTEC’s membership includes all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the United States Department of Defense Educational Activity, United States Territories, and Canadian Provinces and Territories. The NASDTEC Manual was first printed in 1984 and is the most comprehensive printed source of state-by-state information pertaining to the certification requirements and preparation of teachers and other school personnel in the United States and Canada. Further information on the NASDTEC Manual may be obtained from:

National Catholic Educational Association The National Catholic Educational Association (NCEA) is an organization devoted to providing leadership and service to Catholic education since 1904. NCEA began to publish The United States Catholic Elementary and Secondary Schools: Annual Statistical Report on Schools, Enrollment and Staffing in 1970 because of the lack of educational data on the private sector. The report is based on data gathered by each of the 176 archdiocesan and diocesan offices of education in the United States. These data enable NCEA to present information on school enrollment and staffing patterns for prekindergarten through grade 12. The first part of the report presents data concerning the context of American education, while the following segment focuses on statistical data of Catholic schools. Statistics include enrollment by grade level, ethnicity, and religious affiliation. Further information on The United States Catholic Elementary and Secondary Schools: Annual Statistical Report on Schools, Enrollment, and Staffing may be obtained from:

Roy Einreinhofer, Executive Director NASDTEC 22 Bates Rd., PMB #134 Mashpee, MA 02649-3267 [email protected] http://www.nasdtec.org/about.tpl

Sister Dale McDonald National Catholic Educational Association 1077 30th Street NW, Suite 100 Washington, DC 20007-6232 [email protected] http://www.ncea.org

National Association of State Student Grant and Aid Programs

National Education Association

The National Association of State Student Grant and Aid Programs (NASSGAP) is an association of states with general programs of scholarship or grant assistance for undergraduate study. Prior to 1995–96, NASSGAP was known as the National Association of State Scholarship and Grant Programs. Executive officers responsible for grant program administration represent each state in the Association. The 35th Annual Survey Report: 2003–04 Academic Year was produced by the New York State Higher Education Services Corporation, and contains data for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.

The National Education Association (NEA) reports enrollment, expenditure, revenue, graduate, teacher, and instructional staff salary data in its annual publication, Estimates of School Statistics. Each year NEA prepares regression-based estimates of financial and other education statistics and submits them to the states for verification. Generally, about 30 states adjust these estimates based on their own data. These preliminary data are published by NEA along with revised data from previous years. States are asked to revise previously submitted data as final figures become available. The most recent publication contains all changes reported to the NEA.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

720 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

Status of the American Public School Teacher The Status of the American Public School Teacher survey is conducted every 5 years by the National Education Association (NEA). The survey was designed by the NEA Research Division and initially administered in 1956. The intent of the survey is to solicit information covering various aspects of public school teachers’ professional, family, and civic lives. In the 2000–01 survey, 1,467 public school teachers responded and the response rate was 67.4 percent. Possible sources of nonsampling errors are nonresponses, misinterpretation, and—when comparing data over years— changes in the sampling method and instrument. Misinterpretation of the survey items should be minimal, as the sample responding is not from the general population, but one knowledgeable about the area of concern. Also, the sampling procedure changed after 1956 and some wording of items has changed over the different administrations. Since sampling is used, sampling variability is inherent in the data. An approximation to the maximum standard error for estimating the population percentages is 1.4 percent. Approximations for significance for other comparisons appear on Appendix table A-6. To estimate the 95 percent confidence interval for population percentages, the maximum standard error of 1.4 percent is multiplied by 2 (1.4 x 2). The resulting percentage (2.8) is added and subtracted from the population estimate to establish upper and lower bounds for the confidence interval. For example, if a sample percentage is 60 percent, there is a 95 percent chance that the population percentage lies between 57.2 percent and 62.8 percent (60 percent + 2.8 percent). Further information on Status of the American Public School Teacher may be obtained from: Brooke E. Whiting National Education Association—Research 1201 16th Street NW Washington, DC 20036 http://www.nea.org

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Education at a Glance The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) publishes analyses of national policies and survey data in education, training, and economics in about 30 countries. The countries surveyed are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, and the United States. In addition to these OECD countries, a num-

ber of other countries are participating in the related World Education Indicators (WEI), a joint project sponsored by the OECD and UNESCO. These countries include: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, China, Egypt, Indonesia, Israel, Jordan, Malaysia, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Russian Federation, Thailand, Tunisia, Uruguay, and Zimbabwe. OECD has revised its data collection procedures to highlight current education issues and improve data comparability. The Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (CERI) has developed an Indicators of Education Systems (INES) project involving representatives of the OECD countries and the OECD Secretariat to improve international education statistics. Improvements in data quality and comparability among OECD countries have resulted from the country-to-country interaction sponsored through the INES and WEI projects. The most recent publication in this series is Education at a Glance, OECD Indicators, 2005. Documentation for the enrollment, degree, staff, and finance data appearing in Education at a Glance, OECD Indicators has been published in OECD Handbook for Internationally Comparative Education Statistics: Concepts, Standards, Definitions and Classifications. This publication provides countries with specific guidance on how to prepare information for OECD education surveys. Chapter 6 of the OECD Handbook for Internationally Comparative Education Statistics contains a discussion of data quality issues. Further information on INES may be obtained from: Andreas Schleicher INES/OECD 2, rue Andre–Pascal 75775 Paris CEDEX 16 France [email protected] http://www.oecd.org/

Program for International Student Assessment The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a new system of international assessments that focus on 15year-olds’ capabilities in reading literacy, mathematics literacy, and science literacy. PISA also includes measures of general or cross-curricular competencies such as learning strategies. PISA emphasizes functional skills that students have acquired as they near the end of mandatory schooling. PISA is organized by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), an intergovernmental organization of industrialized countries, and was administered for the first time in 2000, when 32 countries participated. In 2003, 42 countries took part in the assessment. PISA is a paper-and-pencil exam that is designed to assess 15-year-olds’ capabilities in reading, mathematics, and science literacy. Each student takes a two-hour assessment. Assessment items include a combination of multiple-choice and open-ended questions that require students to come up

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 721

with their own response. PISA scores are reported on a scale with a mean score of 500 and a standard deviation of 100. PISA is implemented on a 3-year cycle that began in 2000. Each PISA assessment cycle focuses on one subject in particular, although all 3 subjects are assessed every 3 years. In the first cycle, PISA 2000, reading literacy is the major focus, occupying roughly two-thirds of assessment time. For 2003, PISA focused on mathematics literacy as well as the ability of students to solve problems in real-life settings. In 2006, PISA will focus on science literacy. The intent of PISA reporting is to provide an overall description of performance in reading literacy, mathematics literacy, and science literacy every 3 years, and to provide a more detailed look at each domain in the years when it is the major focus. These cycles will allow countries to compare changes in trends for each of the three subject areas over time. To implement PISA, each of the participating countries selects a nationally representative sample of 15-year-olds, regardless of grade level. In the United States, nearly 5,500 students from public and nonpublic schools took the PISA 2003 assessment. Due to low response rates, PISA 2000 data for the Netherlands were not discussed in the U.S. report. PISA 2003 data from the United Kingdom were not discussed in the U.S. report due to low response rates. In each country, the assessment is translated into the primary language of instruction; in the United States, all materials are written in English. Further information on PISA may be obtained from:

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization

Elois Scott International Activities Program (ECICSD) National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 [email protected] http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pisa/

UNESCO Institute for Statistics Publications C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7 Canada http://www.uis.unesco.org

The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) conducts annual surveys of education statistics of its member countries. Besides official surveys, data are supplemented by information obtained by UNESCO through other publications and sources. Each year, more than 200 countries reply to the UNESCO surveys. In some cases, estimates are made by UNESCO for particular items such as world and continent totals. While great efforts are made to make them as comparable as possible, the data still reflect the vast differences among the countries of the world in the structure of education. While there is some agreement about the reporting of primary and secondary data, the tertiary-level data (postsecondary education) present numerous substantive problems. Some countries report only university enrollment while other countries report all postsecondary enrollment, including vocational and technical schools and correspondence programs. A very high proportion of some countries’ tertiary-level students attend institutions in other countries. The member countries that provide data to UNESCO are responsible for their validity. Thus, data for particular countries are subject to nonsampling error and perhaps sampling error as well. Users should examine footnotes carefully to recognize some of the data limitations. Further information on the Statistical Yearbook and the Global Education Digest may be obtained from:

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

722 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

Table A-1. Respondent counts for selected High School and Beyond surveys: 1982, 1984, and 1986

Classification variable and subgroup

Follow-up survey of Follow-up survey of Follow-up survey of 1980 sophomores in Follow-up survey of 1980 sophomores in Follow-up survey of 1980 sophomores in 1982 1980 seniors in 1982 1984 1980 seniors in 1984 1986

Follow-up survey of 1980 seniors in 1986

Total respondents (unweighted).....................................

25,830

11,227

11,463

10,925

11,248

10,536

Sex Male .................................................................................... Female ................................................................................

12,717 13,113

5,213 6,014

5,514 5,949

5,058 5,867

5,391 5,857

4,832 5,704

Race/ethnicity White, non-Hispanic............................................................ Black, non-Hispanic ............................................................ Hispanic .............................................................................. Asian or Pacific Islander ..................................................... American Indian or Alaska Native....................................... Other or unclassified...........................................................

17,295 3,338 4,439 413 248 97

5,180 2,724 2,749 367 191 16

7,285 1,651 1,795 425 253 54

5,057 2,625 2,654 355 185 49

7,194 1,585 1,745 413 246 65

5,246 2,726 1,950 356 200 58

Socioeconomic status composite (SES)1 Low ..................................................................................... Low-middle.......................................................................... High-middle......................................................................... High .................................................................................... Unclassified ........................................................................

6,752 6,234 6,134 6,341 369

3,940 2,390 2,168 1,988 741

2,831 2,624 2,849 3,086 73

3,857 2,314 2,107 1,936 711

2,751 2,559 2,817 3,044 77

3,668 2,289 1,995 1,900 684

Father's highest level of education Less than high school ......................................................... High school completion2 ..................................................... College graduate3 ............................................................... Don't know/missing .............................................................

5,179 11,961 5,169 3,521

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

High school program (self-reported) Academic ............................................................................ General ............................................................................... Vocational ........................................................................... Unclassified ........................................................................

10,152 8,789 6,664 225

4,145 3,829 2,660 593

6,547 3,468 3,611 56

4,007 3,764 2,581 573

— — — —

3,899 3,602 2,481 554

High school type Public .................................................................................. Catholic............................................................................... Other private .......................................................................

— — —

9,969 964 294

8,647 2,479 337

9,727 911 287

— — —

9,385 876 275

Postsecondary education status4 Full-time .............................................................................. Part-time ............................................................................. Never enrolled..................................................................... Missing/unclassified............................................................

— — — —

— — — —

4,466 3,275 3,678 44

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

October 1980 postsecondary education attendance status Part-time 2-year public institution........................................ Part-time 4-year public institution........................................ Full-time 2-year public institution ........................................ Full-time 4-year public institution ........................................ Full-time 4-year private institution ....................................... Not a student ...................................................................... Other and missing...............................................................

— — — — — — —

— — — — — — —

— — — — — — —

— — — — — — —

— — — — — — —

352 152 1,312 1,986 1,015 4,523 1,196

Postsecondary education plans No plans.............................................................................. Attend vocational/technical school...................................... Attend college less than 4 years ......................................... Earn bachelor's degree....................................................... Earn advanced degree ....................................................... Missing................................................................................

— — — — — —

— — — — — —

— — — — — —

— — — — — —

— — — — — —

1,623 1,835 1,528 2,631 2,265 654

Participation in high school extracurricular activities5 Never participated............................................................... Participated as a member................................................... Participated as a leader ......................................................

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

— — —

1,024 4,104 4,457

—Not available. 1The SES index is a composite of five equally weighted measures: father’s education, mother’s education, family income, father’s occupation, and presence of certain items in the respondent’s household. 2Includes attendance at a vocational, trade, or business school, or 2-year college; or attendance at a 4-year college resulting in less than a bachelor’s degree. 3 Includes those with a bachelor’s or higher level degree. 4Postsecondary education status was determined by students’ enrollment in academic or vocational study during the four semesters—fall 1982, spring 1983, fall 1983, and spring 1984—following their scheduled high school graduation. Students who enrolled in full-time study in each of the four semesters were classified as full time. Students who were enrolled in part-time study in any of the four semesters and those who were enrolled in full-time study in fewer than four semesters were classified as part time. Students who had neither

enrolled on a full-time nor part-time basis in each of the four semesters were classified as never enrolled. 5Responses to questions concerning participation in each of 15 different extracurricular activity areas (i.e., varsity sports, debate, band, subject-matter clubs, etc.) were used to classify students’ overall level of participation in extracurricular activities. The difference between the sum of the three category respondent counts and the total sample size is due to missing data. NOTE: Data from students who dropped out of school between the 10th and 12th grades were not used in analyses of sophomore samples. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, High School and Beyond Study of 1980 Sophomores (HS&B-So:80/82, HS&B-So:80/84, and HS&B-So:80/86); and High School and Beyond Study of 1980 Seniors (HS&B-Sr:80/82, HS&B-Sr:80/84, and HS&B-Sr:80/86).

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources 723

Table A-2. Design effects (DEFF) and root design effects (DEFT) for selected High School and Beyond surveys and subsamples: 1984 and 1986 Subsample characteristic Total sample ......................................................................................................... Sex Male ....................................................................................................................... Female ................................................................................................................... Race/ethnicity White and other ..................................................................................................... Black ...................................................................................................................... Hispanic ................................................................................................................. Socioeconomic status composite (SES)1 Low ........................................................................................................................ Middle .................................................................................................................... High .......................................................................................................................

Follow-up survey of 1980 sophomores in 1984 2.40 (1.54)

Follow-up survey of 1980 seniors in1984 2.87 (1.69)

Follow-up survey of 1980 sophomores in 1986 2.19 (1.47)

Follow-up survey of 1980 seniors in 1986 2.28 (1.50)

— —

(†) (†)

— —

(†) (†)

2.07 2.06

(1.43) (1.43)

2.13 2.26

(1.45) (1.50)

2.06 2.22 3.15

(1.42) (1.47) (1.73)

2.09 2.26 3.72

(1.44) (1.50) (1.92)

1.92 2.19 3.11

(1.38) (1.47) (1.76)

1.70 2.40 4.06

(1.30) (1.54) (2.01)

1.91 1.95 2.05

(1.37) (1.39) (1.42)

2.28 1.81 1.93

(1.50) (1.34) (1.38)

1.83 2.06 1.92

(1.35) (1.42) (1.38)

2.31 2.02 1.71

(1.51) (1.42) (1.30)

—Not available. †Not applicable. 1 The SES index is a composite of five equally weighted measures: father’s education, mother’s education, family income, father’s occupation, and presence of certain items in the respondent’s household.

NOTE: The average design effect for the 1980 sophomore cohort first follow-up (1982) survey is 3.59 (1.89) and the average design effect for the 1980 senior first follow-up (1982) survey is 2.64 (1.62). Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, High School and Beyond Study of 1980 Sophomores (HS&B-So:80/84 and HS&B-So:80/86); and High School and Beyond Study of 1980 Seniors (HS&B-Sr:80/84 and HS&B-Sr:80/86).

Table A-3. Respondent counts of full-time workers from the Recent College Graduates survey: 1976 to 1991 Number employed full time Field of study Total respondents (unweighted)............................ Professions .................................................................... Arts and sciences .......................................................... Other.............................................................................. Newly qualified to teach ............................................. Not newly qualified to teach ....................................... Professions .................................................................... Engineering................................................................ Business and management ....................................... Health ........................................................................ Education1 ................................................................. Public affairs and services ......................................... Arts and sciences .......................................................... Biological sciences ........................................................ Physical sciences and mathematics .......................... Psychology................................................................. Social sciences .......................................................... Humanities................................................................. Other.............................................................................. Communications ........................................................ Miscellaneous ............................................................ 1

1974–75 graduates in May 1976

1979–80 graduates in May 1981

1983–84 graduates in April 1985

1985–86 graduates in April 1987

1989–90 graduates in April 1991

2,464 1,840 514 110 1,337 1,127 601 80 290 72 141 18 433 83 40 64 107 139 93 7 86

5,521 4,260 811 450 2,469 3,052 1,841 270 749 252 464 106 770 116 103 105 252 194 441 73 368

6,799 3,730 2,586 483 1,109 5,690 2,809 601 1,532 387 146 143 2,430 243 1,062 189 449 487 451 240 211

15,024 8,987 4,869 1,168 2,546 12,478 7,043 915 2,407 3,106 521 94 4,369 380 1,782 366 780 1,061 1,066 392 674

9,451 3,825 2,256 3,370 1,966 7,485 2,549 411 1,598 281 188 71 2,006 179 466 316 813 232 2,930 217 2,713

Includes those who had not finished all requirements for teaching certification or were previously qualified to teach.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Recent College Graduates (RCG) surveys, 1976, 1981, 1985, 1987, and 1991.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

724 APPENDIX A: Guide to Sources

Table A-4. Sampling errors (95 percent confidence level) for percentages estimated from the Gallup Poll: 1992, 1993, and 1996 to 2005 Size of sample Percent Recommended allowance for sampling error of a percentage Percentages near 10 or 90 ........................................ Percentages near 20 or 80 ........................................ Percentages near 30 or 70 ........................................ Percentages near 40 or 60 ........................................ Percentages near 50..................................................

1,500

1,000

750

600

400

200

100

2 3 3 3 3

2 3 4 4 4

3 4 4 5 5

3 4 5 5 5

4 5 6 6 6

5 7 8 9 9

8 10 12 12 13

SOURCE: Phi Delta Kappa, Phi Delta Kappan, “The Annual Gallup Poll of the Public’s Attitudes Toward the Public Schools,” 1992, 1993, and 1996 to 2005.

Table A-5. Sampling errors (95 percent confidence level) for the difference in two percentages estimated from the Gallup Poll: 1992, 1993, and 1996 to 2005 Size of second sample Size of first sample Recommended allowance for sampling error of a difference in percentages (percentages near 80 or 20) 1,500............................................................................................ 1,000............................................................................................ 750............................................................................................... 600............................................................................................... 400............................................................................................... 200............................................................................................... Recommended allowance for sampling error of a difference in percentages (percentages near 50) 1,500............................................................................................ 1,000............................................................................................ 750............................................................................................... 600............................................................................................... 400............................................................................................... 200...............................................................................................

1,500

1000

750

600

400

200

4 4 5 5 6 8

4 5 5 5 6 8

5 5 5 6 6 8

5 5 6 6 7 8

6 6 6 7 7 9

8 8 8 8 9 10

5 5 6 6 7 10

5 6 6 7 8 10

6 6 7 7 8 10

6 7 7 7 8 10

7 8 8 8 9 11

10 10 10 10 11 13

SOURCE: Phi Delta Kappa, Phi Delta Kappan, “The Annual Gallup Poll of the Public’s Attitudes Toward the Public Schools,” 1992, 1993, and 1996 to 2005.

Table A-6. Maximum differences required for significance (90 percent confidence level) between sample subgroups from the Status of the American Public School Teacher survey: 2000–01 Size of second subgroup Size of first subgroup

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

100................................................................ 200................................................................ 300................................................................ 400................................................................ 500................................................................ 600................................................................ 700................................................................

11.6 10.1 9.5 9.2 9.0 8.9 8.8

10.1 8.2 7.5 7.1 6.9 6.7 6.6

9.5 7.5 6.7 6.3 6.0 5.8 5.7

9.2 7.1 6.3 5.8 5.5 5.3 5.2

9.0 6.9 6.0 5.5 5.2 5.0 4.8

8.9 6.7 5.8 5.3 5.0 4.7 4.6

8.8 6.6 5.7 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.4

SOURCE: National Education Association, Status of the American Public School Teacher, 2000-01.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX B

Definitions Academic support This category of college expenditures includes expenditures for support services that are an integral part of the institution’s primary missions of instruction, research, or public service. It also includes expenditures for libraries, galleries, audio/visual services, academic computing support, ancillary support, academic administration, personnel development, and course and curriculum development. Achievement test An examination that measures the extent to which a person has acquired certain information or mastered certain skills, usually as a result of specific instruction. Administrative support staff Includes personnel dealing with salary, benefits, supplies, and contractual fees for the office of the principal, full-time department chairpersons, and graduation expenses. Agriculture Courses designed to improve competencies in agricultural occupations. Included is the study of agricultural production, supplies, mechanization and products, agricultural science, forestry, and related services. American College Testing Program (ACT) The ACT assessment program measures educational development and readiness to pursue college-level coursework in English, mathematics, natural science, and social studies. Student performance on the tests does not reflect innate ability and is influenced by a student’s educational preparedness. Appropriation (federal funds) Budget authority provided through the congressional appropriation process that permits federal agencies to incur obligations and to make payments. Appropriation (institutional revenues) An amount (other than a grant or contract) received from or made available to an institution through an act of a legislative body. Associate’s degree A degree granted for the successful completion of a sub-baccalaureate program of studies, usually requiring at least 2 years (or equivalent) of full-time collegelevel study. This includes degrees granted in a cooperative or work-study program. Auxiliary enterprises This category includes those essentially self-supporting operations which exist to furnish a service to

students, faculty, or staff, and which charge a fee that is directly related to, although not necessarily equal to, the cost of the service. Examples are residence halls, food services, college stores, and intercollegiate athletics. Average daily attendance (ADA) The aggregate attendance of a school during a reporting period (normally a school year) divided by the number of days school is in session during this period. Only days on which the pupils are under the guidance and direction of teachers should be considered days in session. Average daily membership (ADM) The aggregate membership of a school during a reporting period (normally a school year) divided by the number of days school is in session during this period. Only days on which the pupils are under the guidance and direction of teachers should be considered as days in session. The average daily membership for groups of schools having varying lengths of terms is the average of the average daily memberships obtained for the individual schools. Bachelor's degree A degree granted for the successful completion of a baccalaureate program of studies, usually requiring at least 4 years (or equivalent) of full-time college-level study. This includes degrees granted in a cooperative or work-study program. Books Non-periodical printed publications bound in hard or soft covers, or in loose-leaf format, of at least 49 pages, exclusive of the cover pages; juvenile nonperiodical publications of any length found in hard or soft covers. Budget authority (BA) Authority provided by law to enter into obligations that will result in immediate or future outlays. It may be classified by the period of availability (1year, multiple-year, no-year), by the timing of congressional action (current or permanent), or by the manner of determining the amount available (definite or indefinite). Business Program of instruction that prepares individuals for a variety of activities in planning, organizing, directing, and controlling business office systems and procedures. Capital outlay Funds for the acquisition of land and buildings; building construction, remodeling, and additions; the initial installation or extension of service systems and other

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

725

726

APPENDIX B: Definitions

built-in equipment; and site improvement. The category also encompasses architectural and engineering services including the development of blueprints. Carnegie unit A standard of measurement that represents one credit for the completion of a 1-year course. Catholic school A private school over which a Roman Catholic church group exercises some control or provides some form of subsidy. Catholic schools for the most part include those operated or supported by a parish, a group of parishes, a diocese, or a Catholic religious order. Central cities The largest cities, with 50,000 or more inhabitants, in a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). Additional cities within the metropolitan area can also be classified as “central cities” if they meet certain employment, population, and employment/residence ratio requirements. Class size The membership of a class at a given date. Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) The CIP is a taxonomic coding scheme that contains titles and descriptions of primarily postsecondary instructional programs. It was developed to facilitate NCES’ collection and reporting of postsecondary degree completions by major field of study using standard classifications that capture the majority of reportable program activity. It was originally published in 1980 and was revised in 1985, 1990, and 2000. Classroom teacher A staff member assigned the professional activities of instructing pupils in self-contained classes or courses, or in classroom situations. Usually expressed in full-time equivalents. Cohort A group of individuals that have a statistical factor in common, for example, year of birth. College A postsecondary school which offers general or liberal arts education, usually leading to an associate, bachelor’s, master’s, doctor’s, or first-professional degree. Junior colleges and community colleges are included under this terminology. Combined elementary and secondary school A school which encompasses instruction at both the elementary and the secondary levels. Includes schools starting with grade 6 or below and ending with grade 9 or above. Computer science A group of instructional programs that describes computer and information sciences, including computer programming, data processing, and information systems. Constant dollars Dollar amounts that have been adjusted by means of price and cost indexes to eliminate inflationary factors and allow direct comparison across years.

Consumer, personal, and miscellaneous services A group of instructional programs that describes the fundamental skills a person is normally thought to need in order to function productively in society. Some examples are child development, consumer education, and family relations. Consumer Price Index (CPI) This price index measures the average change in the cost of a fixed market basket of goods and services purchased by consumers. Consumption That portion of income which is spent on the purchase of goods and services rather than being saved. Control of institutions A classification of institutions of elementary/secondary or higher education by whether the institution is operated by publicly elected or appointed officials and derives its primary support from public funds (public control) or by privately elected or appointed officials and derives its major source of funds from private sources (private control). Credit The unit of value, awarded for the successful completion of certain courses, intended to indicate the quantity of course instruction in relation to the total requirements for a diploma, certificate, or degree. Credits are frequently expressed in terms such as “Carnegie units,” “semester credit hours,” and “quarter credit hours.” Current dollars Dollar amounts that have not been adjusted to compensate for inflation. Current expenditures (elementary/secondary) The expenditures for operating local public schools, excluding capital outlay and interest on school debt. These expenditures include such items as salaries for school personnel, fixed charges, student transportation, school books and materials, and energy costs. Beginning in 1980–81, expenditures for state administration are excluded. Current expenditures per pupil in average daily attendance Current expenditures for the regular school term divided by the average daily attendance of full-time pupils (or full-time equivalency of pupils) during the term. See also Current expenditures and Average daily attendance. Current-fund expenditures (higher education) Money spent to meet current operating costs, including salaries, wages, utilities, student services, public services, research libraries, scholarships and fellowships, auxiliary enterprises, hospitals, and independent operations. Excludes loans, capital expenditures, and investments. Current-fund revenues (higher education) Money received during the current fiscal year from revenue which can be used to pay obligations currently due, and surpluses reappropriated for the current fiscal year. Current Population Survey See Guide to Sources.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX B: Definitions

Degree-granting institutions Postsecondary institutions that are eligible for Title IV federal financial aid programs and grant an associate’s or higher degree. For an institution to be eligible to participate in Title IV financial aid programs, it must offer a program of at least 300 clock hours in length, have accreditation recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, have been in business for at least 2 years, and have signed a participation agreement with the Department. Disabled Those children evaluated as having any of the following impairments and needing special education and related services because of these impairments. (These definitions apply specifically to data from the U.S. Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services presented in this publication.) Deaf Having a hearing impairment which is so severe that the student is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing (with or without amplification) and which adversely affects educational performance. Deaf-blind Having concomitant hearing and visual impairments which cause such severe communication and other developmental and educational problems that the student cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for deaf or blind students. Hard of hearing Having a hearing impairment, whether permanent or fluctuating, which adversely affects the student’s educational performance, but which is not included under the definition of “deaf” in this section. Mentally retarded Having significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with defects in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, which adversely affects the child’s educational performance. Multihandicapped Having concomitant impairments (such as mentally retarded-blind, mentally retardedorthopedically impaired, etc.), the combination of which causes such severe educational problems that the student cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for one of the impairments. Term does not include deaf-blind students, but does include those students who are severely or profoundly mentally retarded. Orthopedically impaired Having a severe orthopedic impairment which adversely affects a student’s educational performance. The term includes impairment resulting from congenital anomaly, disease, or other causes. Other health impaired Having limited strength, vitality, or alertness due to chronic or acute health problems, such as a heart condition, tuberculosis, rheumatic fever, nephritis, asthma, sickle cell anemia, hemophilia, epilepsy, lead poisoning, leukemia, or diabetes which adversely affects the student’s educational performance. Seriously emotionally disturbed Exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time,

727

to a marked degree, and adversely affecting educational performance: an inability to learn which cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors; an inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers; inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances; a general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression; or a tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems. This term does not include children who are socially maladjusted, unless they also display one or more of the listed characteristics. Specific learning disabled Having a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using spoken or written language, which may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations. The term includes such conditions as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia. The term does not include children who have learning problems which are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage. Speech impaired Having a communication disorder, such as stuttering, impaired articulation, language impairment, or voice impairment, which adversely affects the student’s educational performance. Visually handicapped Having a visual impairment which, even with correction, adversely affects the student’s educational performance. The term includes partially seeing and blind children. Disposable personal income Current income received by persons less their contributions for social insurance, personal tax, and nontax payments. It is the income available to persons for spending and saving. Nontax payments include passport fees, fines and penalties, donations, and tuitions and fees paid to schools and hospitals operated mainly by the government. See also Personal income. Doctor's degree An earned degree carrying the title of Doctor. The Doctor of Philosophy degree (Ph.D.) is the highest academic degree and requires mastery within a field of knowledge and demonstrated ability to perform scholarly research. Other doctorates are awarded for fulfilling specialized requirements in professional fields, such as education (Ed.D.), musical arts (D.M.A.), business administration (D.B.A.), and engineering (D.Eng. or D.E.S.). Many doctor’s degrees in academic and professional fields require an earned master’s degree as a prerequisite. First-professional degrees, such as M.D. and D.D.S., are not included under this heading. Educational and general expenditures The sum of current funds expenditures on instruction, research, public service, academic support, student services, institutional support,

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

728

APPENDIX B: Definitions

operation and maintenance of plant, and awards from restricted and unrestricted funds. Educational attainment The highest grade of regular school attended and completed. Elementary education/programs Learning experiences concerned with the knowledge, skills, appreciations, attitudes, and behavioral characteristics which are considered to be needed by all pupils in terms of their awareness of life within our culture and the world of work, and which normally may be achieved during the elementary school years (usually kindergarten through grade 8 or kindergarten through grade 6), as defined by applicable state laws and regulations. Elementary school A school classified as elementary by state and local practice and composed of any span of grades not above grade 8. A preschool or kindergarten school is included under this heading only if it is an integral part of an elementary school or a regularly established school system. Elementary/secondary school As reported in this publication, includes only regular schools (i.e., schools that are part of state and local school systems, and also most not-for-profit private elementary/secondary schools, both religiously affiliated and nonsectarian). Schools not reported include sub collegiate departments of institutions of higher education, residential schools for exceptional children, federal schools for American Indians, and federal schools on military posts and other federal installations. Employment Includes civilian, noninstitutional persons who: (1) worked during any part of the survey week as paid employees; worked in their own business, profession, or farm; or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in a family-owned enterprise; or (2) were not working but had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent due to illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management dispute, or personal reasons whether or not they were seeking another job. Endowment A trust fund set aside to provide a perpetual source of revenue from the proceeds of the endowment investments. Endowment funds are often created by donations from benefactors of an institution, who may designate the use of the endowment revenue. Normally, institutions or their representatives manage the investments, but they are not permitted to spend the endowment fund itself, only the proceeds from the investments. Typical uses of endowments would be an endowed chair for a particular department or for a scholarship fund. Endowment totals tabulated in this book also include funds functioning as endowments, such as funds left over from the previous year and placed with the endowment investments by the institution. These funds may be withdrawn by the institution and spent as current funds at any time. Endowments are evaluated by two different measures, book value and market value. Book value is the purchase price of the endowment investment. Market value is

the current worth of the endowment investment. Thus, the book value of a stock held in an endowment fund would be the purchase price of the stock. The market value of the stock would be its selling price as of a given day. Engineering Instructional programs that describe the mathematical and natural science knowledge gained by study, experience, and practice and applied with judgment to develop ways to utilize the materials and forces of nature economically for the benefit of mankind. Include programs that prepare individuals to support and assist engineers and similar professionals. English A group of instructional programs that describes the English language arts, including composition, creative writing, and the study of literature. Enrollment The total number of students registered in a given school unit at a given time, generally in the fall of a year. Expenditures Charges incurred, whether paid or unpaid, which are presumed to benefit the current fiscal year. For elementary/secondary schools, these include all charges for current outlays plus capital outlays and interest on school debt. For institutions of higher education, these include current outlays plus capital outlays. For government, these include charges net of recoveries and other correcting transactions other than for retirement of debt, investment in securities, extension of credit, or as agency transactions. Government expenditures include only external transactions, such as the provision of perquisites or other payments in kind. Aggregates for groups of governments exclude intergovernmental transactions among the governments. Expenditures per pupil Charges incurred for a particular period of time divided by a student unit of measure, such as average daily attendance or average daily membership. Extracurricular activities Activities that are not part of the required curriculum and that take place outside of the regular course of study. As used here, they include both schoolsponsored (e.g., varsity athletics, drama, and debate clubs) and community-sponsored (e.g., hobby clubs and youth organizations like the Junior Chamber of Commerce or Boy Scouts) activities. Family A group of two persons or more (one of whom is the householder) related by birth, marriage, or adoption and residing together. All such persons (including related subfamily members) are considered as members of one family. Federal funds Amounts collected and used by the federal government for the general purposes of the government. There are four types of federal fund accounts: the general fund, special funds, public enterprise funds, and intragovernmental funds. The major federal fund is the general fund, which is derived from general taxes and borrowing. Federal

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX B: Definitions

funds also include certain earmarked collections, such as those generated by and used to finance a continuing cycle of business-type operations. Federal sources Includes federal appropriations, grants, and contracts, and federally-funded research and development centers (FFRDCs). Federally subsidized student loans and Pell Grants are not included. First-professional degree A degree that signifies both completion of the academic requirements for beginning practice in a given profession and a level of professional skill beyond that normally required for a bachelor’s degree. This degree usually is based on a program requiring at least 2 academic years of work prior to entrance and a total of at least 6 academic years of work to complete the degree program, including both priorrequired college work and the professional program itself. By NCES definition, first-professional degrees are awarded in the fields of dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.), medicine (M.D.), optometry (O.D.), osteopathic medicine (D.O.), pharmacy (D.Phar.), podiatric medicine (D.P.M.), veterinary medicine (D.V.M.), chiropractic (D.C. or D.C.M.), law (J.D.), and theological professions (M.Div. or M.H.L.). First-professional enrollment The number of students enrolled in a professional school or program which requires at least 2 years of academic college work for entrance and a total of at least 6 years for a degree. By NCES definition, first-professional enrollment includes only students in certain programs. (See also First-professional degree for a list of programs.) Fiscal year The yearly accounting period for the federal government, which begins on October 1 and ends on the following September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; e.g., fiscal year 1988 begins on October 1, 1987, and ends on September 30, 1988. (From fiscal year 1844 to fiscal year 1976, the fiscal year began on July 1 and ended on the following June 30.) For-profit institution A private institution in which the individual(s) or agency in control receives compensation other than wages, rent, or other expenses for the assumption of risk. Foreign languages A group of instructional programs that describes the structure and use of language that is common or indigenous to people of the same community or nation, the same geographical area, or the same cultural traditions. Programs cover such features as sound, literature, syntax, phonology, semantics, sentences, prose, and verse, as well as the development of skills and attitudes used in communicating and evaluating thoughts and feelings through oral and written language. Full-time enrollment The number of students enrolled in higher education courses with total credit load equal to at least 75 percent of the normal full-time course load.

729

Full-time-equivalent (FTE) enrollment For institutions of higher education, enrollment of full-time students, plus the full-time equivalent of part-time students. The full-time equivalent of the part-time students is estimated using different factors depending on the type and control of institution and level of student. Full-time instructional faculty Those members of the instruction/research staff who are employed full time as defined by the institution, including faculty with released time for research and faculty on sabbatical leave. Full time counts exclude faculty who are employed to teach less than two semesters, three quarters, two trimesters, or two 4-month sessions; replacements for faculty on sabbatical leave or those on leave without pay; faculty for preclinical and clinical medicine; faculty who are donating their services; faculty who are members of military organizations and paid on a different pay scale from civilian employees; academic officers, whose primary duties are administrative; and graduate students who assist in the instruction of courses. Full-time worker In educational institutions, an employee whose position requires being on the job on school days throughout the school year at least the number of hours the schools are in session. For higher education, a member of an educational institution’s staff who is employed full time. General administration support services Includes salary, benefits, supplies, and contractual fees for boards of education staff and executive administration. Excludes state administration. General Educational Development (GED) program Academic instruction to prepare persons to take the high school equivalency examination. See also GED recipient. GED recipient A person who has obtained certification of high school equivalency by meeting state requirements and passing an approved exam, which is intended to provide an appraisal of the person’s achievement or performance in the broad subject matter areas usually required for high school graduation. General program A program of studies designed to prepare students for the common activities of a citizen, family member, and worker. A general program of studies may include instruction in both academic and vocational areas. Geographic region (1) One of four regions used by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce, the National Assessment of Educational Progress, and the National Education Association, as follows: (The National Education Association designated the Central region as Middle region in its classification.) Geographic regions are being phased out and NAEP will be using Census regions in the future.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

730

APPENDIX B: Definitions

Northeast

Southeast

Connecticut

Alabama

(West North Central, continued)

Delaware

Arkansas

Nebraska

District of Columbia

Florida

North Dakota

Maine

Georgia

South Dakota

Northeast

Midwest

Maryland

Kentucky

Massachusetts

Louisiana

South

West

New Hampshire

Mississippi

(South Atlantic)

(Mountain)

New Jersey

North Carolina

Delaware

Arizona

New York

South Carolina

District of Columbia

Colorado

Pennsylvania

Tennessee

Florida

Idaho

Rhode Island

Virginia

Georgia

Montana

Vermont

West Virginia

Maryland

Nevada

North Carolina

New Mexico

Central (Middle)

West

South Carolina

Utah

Illinois

Alaska

Virginia

Wyoming

Indiana

Arizona

West Virginia

Iowa

California

Kansas

Colorado

(East South Central)

(Pacific)

Michigan

Hawaii

Alabama

Alaska

Minnesota

Idaho

Kentucky

California

Missouri

Montana

Mississippi

Hawaii

Nebraska

Nevada

Tennessee

North Dakota

New Mexico

Ohio

Oklahoma

(West South Central)

South Dakota

Oregon

Arkansas

Wisconsin

Texas

Louisiana

Utah

Oklahoma

Washington

Texas

Wyoming

(2) One of the regions or divisions used by the Census Bureau in Current Population Survey tabulations, as follows: Northeast

Midwest

(New England)

(East North Central)

Connecticut

Indiana

Maine

Illinois

Massachusetts

Michigan

New Hampshire

Ohio

Rhode Island

Wisconsin

Vermont (Middle Atlantic)

(West North Central)

New Jersey

Iowa

New York

Kansas

Pennsylvania

Minnesota Missouri

Oregon Washington

Government appropriation An amount (other than a grant or contract) received from or made available to an institution through an act of a legislative body. Government grant or contract Revenues from a government agency for a specific research project or other program. Graduate An individual who has received formal recognition for the successful completion of a prescribed program of studies. Graduate enrollment The number of students who hold the bachelor’s or first-professional degree, or the equivalent, and who are working towards a master’s or doctor’s degree. Firstprofessional students are counted separately. These enrollment data measure those students who are registered at a particular time during the fall. At some institutions, graduate enrollment also includes students who are in postbaccalaureate classes, but not in degree programs. In specified tables, graduate enrollment includes all students in regular graduate programs and all students in postbaccalaureate classes, but not in degree programs (unclassified postbaccalaureate students).

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX B: Definitions

Graduate Record Examination (GRE) Multiple-choice examinations administered by the Educational Testing Service and taken by college students who are intending to attend certain graduate schools. There are two types of testing available: (1) the general exam which measures critical thinking, analytical writing, verbal reasoning, and quantitative reasoning skills, and (2) the subject test which is offered in eight specific subjects and gauges undergraduate achievement in a specific field. The subject tests are intended for those who have majored in or have extensive background in that specific area. Graduation Formal recognition given an individual for the successful completion of a prescribed program of studies. Gross domestic product (GDP) The total national output of goods and services valued at market prices. GDP can be viewed in terms of expenditure categories which include purchases of goods and services by consumers and government, gross private domestic investment, and net exports of goods and services. The goods and services included are largely those bought for final use (excluding illegal transactions) in the market economy. A number of inclusions, however, represent imputed values, the most important of which is rental value of owner-occupied housing. GDP, in this broad context, measures the output attributable to the factors of production— labor and property—supplied by U.S. residents.

731

Higher education institutions (basic classification) 4-year institution An institution legally authorized to offer and offering at least a 4-year program of college-level studies wholly or principally creditable toward a baccalaureate degree. In some tables, a further division between universities and other 4-year institutions is made. A “university” is a postsecondary institution which typically comprises one or more graduate professional schools (see also University). For purposes of trend comparisons in this volume, the selection of universities has been held constant for all tabulations after 1982. “Other 4-year institutions” would include the rest of the nonuniversity 4-year institutions. 2-year institution An institution legally authorized to offer and offering at least a 2-year program of college-level studies which terminates in an associate degree or is principally creditable toward a baccalaureate degree. Also includes some institutions that have a less than 2-year program, but were designated as institutions of higher education in the Higher Education General Information Survey. Higher Education Price Index A price index which measures average changes in the prices of goods and services purchased by colleges and universities through current-fund education and general expenditures (excluding expenditures for sponsored research and auxiliary enterprises).

Handicapped See Disabled. Higher education Study beyond secondary school at an institution that offers programs terminating in an associate, baccalaureate, or higher degree. Higher education institutions (Carnegie classification) Doctoral Characterized by a significant level and breadth of activity in commitment to doctoral-level education as measured by the number of doctorate recipients and the diversity in doctoral-level program offerings. Master's Characterized by diverse postbaccalaureate programs (including first-professional), but not engaged in significant doctoral-level education. Baccalaureate Characterized by primary emphasis on general undergraduate, baccalaureate-level education. Not significantly engaged in postbaccalaureate education. Specialized Baccalaureate or postbaccalaureate institution emphasizing one area (plus closely related specialties), such as business or engineering. The programmatic emphasis is measured by the percentage of degrees granted in the program area. Associate of arts Conferring at least 75 percent of its degrees and awards for work below the bachelor’s level. Non-degree-granting Offering undergraduate or graduate study, but not conferring degrees or awards. In this volume, these institutions are included under Specialized.

High school A secondary school offering the final years of high school work necessary for graduation, usually includes grades 10, 11, 12 (in a 6-3-3 plan) or grades 9, 10, 11, and 12 (in a 6-2-4 plan). High school program A program of studies designed to prepare students for their postsecondary education and occupation. Three types of programs are usually distinguished— academic, vocational, and general. An academic program is designed to prepare students for continued study at a college or university. A vocational program is designed to prepare students for employment in one or more semiskilled, skilled, or technical occupations. A general program is designed to provide students with the understanding and competence to function effectively in a free society and usually represents a mixture of academic and vocational components. Hispanic serving institutions pursuant to 302 (d) of Public Law 102-325 (20 U.S.C. 1059c), most recently amended December 20, 1993, in 2(a)(7) of Public Law 103-208, where Hispanic serving institutions are defined as those with full-time-equivalent undergraduate enrollment of Hispanic students at 25 percent or more. Historically black colleges and universities Accredited institutions of higher education established prior to 1964 with the principal mission of educating black Americans. Federal regulations (20 USC 1061 (2)) allow for certain exceptions of the founding date.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

732

APPENDIX B: Definitions

Household All the persons who occupy a housing unit. A house, apartment, mobile home, or other group of rooms, or a single room, is regarded as a housing unit when it is occupied or intended for occupancy as separate living quarters, that is, when the occupants do not live and eat with any other persons in the structure, and there is direct access from the outside or through a common hall.

the improvement of the teaching-learning situation. Includes consultants or supervisors of instruction, principals, teachers, guidance personnel, librarians, psychological personnel, and other instructional staff. Excludes administrative staff, attendance personnel, clerical personnel, and junior college staff.

Housing unit A house, an apartment, a mobile home, a group of rooms, or a single room that is occupied as separate living quarters.

Instructional support services Includes salary, benefits, supplies, and contractual fees for staff providing instructional improvement, educational media (library and audiovisual), and other instructional support services.

Income tax Taxes levied on net income, that is, on gross income less certain deductions permitted by law. These taxes can be levied on individuals or on corporations or unincorporated businesses where the income is taxed distinctly from individual income.

Junior high school A separately organized and administered secondary school intermediate between the elementary and senior high schools, usually includes grades 7, 8, and 9 (in a 6-3-3 plan) or grades 7 and 8 (in a 6-2-4 plan).

Independent operations A group of self-supporting activities under control of a college or university. For purposes of financial surveys conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics, this category is composed principally of federally funded research and development centers (FFRDC). Institutional support The category of higher education expenditures that includes day-to-day operational support for colleges, excluding expenditures for physical plant operations. Examples of institutional support include general administrative services, executive direction and planning, legal and fiscal operations, and community relations.

Labor force Persons employed as civilians, unemployed but looking for work, or in the armed services during the survey week. The “civilian labor force” comprises all civilians classified as employed or unemployed. See also Unemployed. Land-grant colleges The First Morrill Act of 1862 facilitated the establishment of colleges through grants of land or funds in lieu of land. The Second Morrill Act in 1890 provided for money grants and for the establishment of black land-grant colleges and universities in those states with dual systems of higher education. Local education agency See School district.

Instruction (budgetary) That functional category including expenditures of the colleges, schools, departments, and other instructional divisions of higher education institutions and expenditures for departmental research and public service which are not separately budgeted. Includes expenditures for both credit and noncredit activities. Excludes expenditures for academic administration where the primary function is administration (e.g., academic deans).

Mandatory transfer A transfer of current funds that must be made in order to fulfill a binding legal obligation of the institution. Included under mandatory transfers are debt service provisions relating to academic and administrative buildings, including (1) amounts set aside for debt retirement and interest and (2) required provisions for renewal and replacement of buildings to the extent these are not financed from other funds.

Instruction (elementary and secondary) Instruction encompasses all activities dealing directly with the interaction between teachers and students. Teaching may be provided for students in a school classroom, in another location such as a home or hospital, and in other learning situations such as those involving co-curricular activities. Instruction may be provided through some other approved medium, such as television, radio, telephone, and correspondence. Instruction expenditures include: salaries, employee benefits, purchased services, supplies, and tuition to private schools.

Master's degree A degree awarded for successful completion of a program generally requiring 1 or 2 years of full-time college-level study beyond the bachelor’s degree. One type of master’s degree, including the Master of Arts degree, or M.A., and the Master of Science degree, or M.S., is awarded in the liberal arts and sciences for advanced scholarship in a subject field or discipline and demonstrated ability to perform scholarly research. A second type of master’s degree is awarded for the completion of a professionally oriented program, for example, an M.Ed. in education, an M.B.A. in business administration, an M.F.A. in fine arts, an M.M. in music, an M.S.W. in social work, and an M.P.A. in public administration. A third type of master’s degree is awarded in professional fields for study beyond the first-professional degree, for example, the Master of Laws (L.L.M.) and Master of Science in various medical specializations.

Instructional staff Full-time-equivalent number of positions, not the number of different individuals occupying the positions during the school year. In local schools, includes all public elementary and secondary (junior and senior high) day-school positions that are in the nature of teaching or in

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX B: Definitions

Mathematics A group of instructional programs that describes the science of numbers and their operations, interrelations, combinations, generalizations, and abstractions and of space configurations and their structure, measurement, transformations, and generalizations. Mean test score The score obtained by dividing the sum of the scores of all individuals in a group by the number of individuals in that group. Metropolitan population The population residing in Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). See Metropolitan Statistical Area. Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) A large population nucleus and the nearby communities which have a high degree of economic and social integration with that nucleus. Each MSA consists of one or more entire counties (or county equivalents) that meet specified standards pertaining to population, commuting ties, and metropolitan character. In New England, towns and cities, rather than counties, are the basic units. MSAs are designated by the Office of Management and Budget. An MSA includes a city and, generally, its entire urban area and the remainder of the county or counties in which the urban area is located. An MSA also includes such additional outlying counties which meet specified criteria relating to metropolitan character and level of commuting of workers into the central city or counties. Specified criteria governing the definition of MSAs recognized before 1980 are published in Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas: 1975, issued by the Office of Management and Budget. New MSAs were designated when 1980 counts showed that they met one or both of the following criteria:

733

never held full-time, regular teaching positions (as opposed to substitute) prior to completing the requirements for the degree which brought them into the survey. Nonmetropolitan residence group The population residing outside Metropolitan Statistical Areas. See Metropolitan Statistical Area. Nonresident alien A person who is not a citizen of the United States and who is in this country on a temporary basis and does not have the right to remain indefinitely. Nonsupervisory instructional staff Persons such as curriculum specialists, counselors, librarians, remedial specialists, and others possessing education certification, but not responsible for day-to-day teaching of the same group of pupils. Not-for-profit institution A private institution in which the individual(s) or agency in control receives no compensation other than wages, rent, or other expenses for the assumption of risk. Nonprofit institutions may be either independent nonprofit (i.e., having no religious affiliation) or religiously affiliated. Obligations Amounts of orders placed, contracts awarded, services received, or similar legally binding commitments made by federal agencies during a given period that will require outlays during the same or some future period. Occupational home economics Courses of instruction emphasizing the acquisition of competencies needed for getting and holding a job or preparing for advancement in an occupational area using home economics knowledge and skills.

1. Included a city with a population of at least 50,000 within their corporate limits, or

Occupied housing unit Separate living quarters with occupants currently inhabiting the unit. See also Housing unit.

2. Included a Census Bureau-defined urbanized area (which must have a population of at least 50,000) and a total MSA population of at least 100,000 (or, in New England, 75,000).

Off-budget federal entities Organizational entities, federally owned in whole or in part, whose transactions belong in the budget under current budget accounting concepts, but that have been excluded from the budget totals under provisions of law.

Migration Geographic mobility involving a change of usual residence between clearly defined geographic units, that is, between counties, states, or regions. Minimum-competency testing Measuring the acquisition of competence or skills to or beyond a certain specified standard. National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) See Guide to Sources. Newly qualified teacher Persons who: (1) first became eligible for a teaching license during the period of the study referenced or who were teaching at the time of survey, but were not certified or eligible for a teaching license; and (2) had

Operation and maintenance services Includes salary, benefits, supplies, and contractual fees for supervision of operations and maintenance, operating buildings (heating, lighting, ventilating, repair, and replacement), care and upkeep of grounds and equipment, vehicle operations and maintenance (other than student transportation), security, and other operations and maintenance services. Other foreign languages and literatures Any instructional program in foreign languages and literatures not described in table 253, including language groups and individual languages, such as the non-Semitic African languages, Native American languages, the Celtic languages, Pacific language groups, the Ural-Altaic languages, Basque, and others.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

734

APPENDIX B: Definitions

Other support services Includes salary, benefits, supplies, and contractual fees for business support services, central support services, and other support services not otherwise classified. Other support services staff All staff not reported in other categories. This group includes media personnel, social workers, bus drivers, security, cafeteria workers, and other staff. Outlays The value of checks issued, interest accrued on the public debt, or other payments made, net of refunds and reimbursements. Part-time enrollment The number of students enrolled in higher education courses with a total credit load less than 75 percent of the normal full-time credit load. Per capita income The mean income computed for every man, woman, and child in a particular group. It is derived by dividing the total income of a particular group by the total population in that group. Personal income Current income received by persons from all sources, minus their personal contributions for social insurance. Classified as “persons” are individuals (including owners of unincorporated firms), nonprofit institutions serving individuals, private trust funds, and private noninsured welfare funds. Personal income includes transfers (payments not resulting from current production) from government and business such as social security benefits and military pensions, but excludes transfers among persons. Physical plant assets Includes the values of land, buildings, and equipment owned, rented, or utilized by colleges. Does not include those plant values which are a part of endowment or other capital fund investments in real estate. Excludes construction in progress. Postbaccalaureate enrollment The number of graduate and first-professional students working towards advanced degrees and of students enrolled in graduate-level classes, but not enrolled in degree programs. See also Graduate enrollment and First-professional enrollment. Postsecondary education The provision of formal instructional programs with a curriculum designed primarily for students who have completed the requirements for a high school diploma or equivalent. This includes programs of an academic, vocational, and continuing professional education purpose, and excludes vocational and adult basic education programs. Private school or institution A school or institution which is controlled by an individual or agency other than a state, a subdivision of a state, or the federal government, which is usually supported primarily by other than public funds, and the operation of whose program rests with other than pub-

licly elected or appointed officials. Private schools and institutions include both not-for-profit and for-profit institutions. Property tax The sum of money collected from a tax levied against the value of property. Proprietary (for profit) institution A private institution in which the individual(s) or agency in control receives compensation other than wages, rent, or other expenses for the assumption of risk. Public school or institution A school or institution controlled and operated by publicly elected or appointed officials and deriving its primary support from public funds. Pupil/teacher ratio The enrollment of pupils at a given period of time, divided by the full-time-equivalent number of classroom teachers serving these pupils during the same period. Racial/ethnic group Classification indicating general racial or ethnic heritage based on self-identification, as in data collected by the Census Bureau or on observer identification, as in data collected by the Office for Civil Rights. These categories are in accordance with the Office of Management and Budget standard classification scheme presented below: White A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, North Africa, or the Middle East. Normally excludes persons of Hispanic origin except for tabulations produced by the Census Bureau, which are noted accordingly in this volume. Black A person having origins in any of the black racial groups in Africa. Normally excludes persons of Hispanic origin except for tabulations produced by the Census Bureau, which are noted accordingly in this volume. Hispanic A person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. Asian or Pacific Islander A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, or the Pacific Islands. This area includes, for example, China, India, Japan, Korea, the Philippine Islands, and Samoa. American Indian or Alaska Native A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North America and maintaining cultural identification through tribal affiliation or community recognition. Region See Geographic Region. Related children Related children in a family include own children and all other children in the household who are related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX B: Definitions

735

Remedial education Instruction for a student lacking those reading, writing, or math skills necessary to perform collegelevel work at the level required by the attended institution.

School climate The social system and culture of the school, including the organizational structure of the school and values and expectations within it.

Resident population Includes civilian population and armed forces personnel residing within the United States. Excludes armed forces personnel residing overseas.

School district An education agency at the local level that exists primarily to operate public schools or to contract for public school services. Synonyms are “local basic administrative unit” and “local education agency.”

Revenue All funds received from external sources, net of refunds, and correcting transactions. Noncash transactions, such as receipt of services, commodities, or other receipts in kind are excluded, as are funds received from the issuance of debt, liquidation of investments, and nonroutine sale of property. Salary The total amount regularly paid or stipulated to be paid to an individual, before deductions, for personal services rendered while on the payroll of a business or organization. Sales and services Revenues derived from the sales of goods or services that are incidental to the conduct of instruction, research, or public service. Examples include film rentals, scientific and literary publications, testing services, university presses, and dairy products. Sales tax Tax imposed upon the sale and consumption of goods and services. It can be imposed either as a general tax on the retail price of all goods and services sold or as a tax on the sale of selected goods and services. Scholarships and fellowships This category of college expenditures applies only to money given in the form of outright grants and trainee stipends to individuals enrolled in formal coursework, either for credit or not. Aid to students in the form of tuition or fee remissions is included. College workstudy funds are excluded and are reported under the program in which the student is working. In the tabulations in this volume, Pell Grants are not included in this expenditure category. Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) An examination administered by the Educational Testing Service and used to predict the facility with which an individual will progress in learning college-level academic subjects.

Science The body of related courses concerned with knowledge of the physical and biological world and with the processes of discovering and validating this knowledge. Secondary enrollment The total number of students registered in a school beginning with the next grade following an elementary or middle school (usually 7, 8, or 9) and ending with or below grade 12 at a given time. Secondary instructional level The general level of instruction provided for pupils in secondary schools (generally covering grades 7 through 12 or 9 through 12) and any instruction of a comparable nature and difficulty provided for adults and youth beyond the age of compulsory school attendance. Secondary school A school comprising any span of grades beginning with the next grade following an elementary or middle school (usually 7, 8, or 9) and ending with or below grade 12. Both junior high schools and senior high schools are included. Senior high school A secondary school offering the final years of high school work necessary for graduation. Serial volumes Publications issued in successive parts, usually at regular intervals, and as a rule, intended to be continued indefinitely. Serials include periodicals, newspapers, annuals, memoirs, proceedings, and transactions of societies. Social studies A group of instructional programs that describes the substantive portions of behavior, past and present activities, interactions, and organizations of people associated together for religious, benevolent, cultural, scientific, political, patriotic, or other purposes.

School A division of the school system consisting of students in one or more grades or other identifiable groups and organized to give instruction of a defined type. One school may share a building with another school or one school may be housed in several buildings.

Socioeconomic status (SES) For the High School and Beyond study and the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972, the SES index is a composite of five equally weighted, standardized components: father’s education, mother’s education, family income, father’s occupation, and household items. The terms high, middle, and low SES refer to the upper, middle two, and lower quartiles of the weighted SES composite index distribution.

School administration support services Includes salary, benefits, supplies, and contractual fees for the office of the principal, full-time department chairpersons, and graduation expenses.

Special education Direct instructional activities or special learning experiences designed primarily for students identified as having exceptionalities in one or more aspects of the cognitive process or as being underachievers in relation to

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

736

APPENDIX B: Definitions

general level or model of their overall abilities. Such services usually are directed at students with the following conditions: (1) physically handicapped; (2) emotionally disabled; (3) culturally different, including compensatory education; (4) mentally retarded; and (5) students with learning disabilities. Programs for the mentally gifted and talented are also included in some special education programs. See also Handicapped.

Technical education A program of vocational instruction that ordinarily includes the study of the sciences and mathematics underlying a technology, as well as the methods, skills, and materials commonly used and the services performed in the technology. Technical education prepares individuals for positions—such as draftsman or lab technician—in the occupational area between the skilled craftsman and the professional person.

Standardized test A test composed of a systematic sampling of behavior, administered and scored according to specific instructions, capable of being interpreted in terms of adequate norms, and for which there are data on reliability and validity.

Title IV Refers to a section of the Higher Education Act of 1965 that covers the administration of the federal student financial aid program.

Standardized test performance The weighted distributions of composite scores from standardized tests used to group students according to performance. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) See Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). Student An individual for whom instruction is provided in an educational program under the jurisdiction of a school, school system, or other education institution. No distinction is made between the terms “student” and “pupil,” though “student” may refer to one receiving instruction at any level while “pupil” refers only to one attending school at the elementary or secondary level. A student may receive instruction in a school facility or in another location, such as at home or in a hospital. Instruction may be provided by direct studentteacher interaction or by some other approved medium such as television, radio, telephone, and correspondence. Student support services Includes salary, benefits, supplies, and contractual fees for staff providing attendance and social work, guidance, health, psychological services, speech pathology, audiology, and other support to students. Subject-matter club Organizations that are formed around a shared interest in a particular area of study and whose primary activities promote that interest. Examples of such organizations are math, science, business, and history clubs. Supervisory staff Principals, assistant principals, and supervisors of instruction. Does not include superintendents or assistant superintendents. Tax base The collective value of objects, assets, and income components against which a tax is levied. Tax expenditures Losses of tax revenue attributable to provisions of the federal income tax laws that allow a special exclusion, exemption, or deduction from gross income or provide a special credit, preferential rate of tax, or a deferral of tax liability affecting individual or corporate income tax liabilities.

Title IV eligible institution A postsecondary institution that meets the criteria for participating in the federal student financial aid program. An eligible institution must be any of the following: (1) an institution of higher education (with public or private, non-profit control), (2) a proprietary institution (with private for-profit control), and (3) a postsecondary vocational institution (with public or private, non-profit control). In addition, it must have acceptable legal authorization, acceptable accreditation and admission stands, eligible academic program(s), administrative capability, and financial responsibility. Total expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance Includes all expenditures allocable to per pupil costs divided by average daily attendance. These allocable expenditures include current expenditures for regular school programs, interest on school debt, and capital outlay. Beginning in 1980–81, expenditures for state administration are excluded and expenditures for other programs (summer schools, community colleges, and private schools) are included. Trade and industrial occupations The branch of vocational education which is concerned with preparing persons for initial employment or with updating or retraining workers in a wide range of trade and industrial occupations. Such occupations are skilled or semiskilled and are concerned with layout designing, producing, processing, assembling, testing, maintaining, servicing, or repairing any product or commodity. Transcript An official list of all courses taken by a student at a school or college showing the final grade received for each course, with definitions of the various grades given at the institution. Trust funds Amounts collected and used by the federal government for carrying out specific purposes and programs according to terms of a trust agreement or statute, such as the social security and unemployment trust funds. Trust fund receipts that are not anticipated to be used in the immediate future are generally invested in interest-bearing government securities and earn interest for the trust fund.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX B: Definitions

737

Tuition and fees A payment or charge for instruction or compensation for services, privileges, or the use of equipment, books, or other goods.

include: the U.S. Air Force Academy, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy, U.S. Military Academy, and the U.S. Naval Academy.

Unclassified students Students who are not candidates for a degree or other formal award, although they are taking higher education courses for credit in regular classes with other students.

University An institution of higher education consisting of a liberal arts college, a diverse graduate program, and usually two or more professional schools or faculties and empowered to confer degrees in various fields of study. For purposes of maintaining trend data in this publication, the selection of university institutions has not been revised since 1982.

Unadjusted dollars See Current dollars. Undergraduate students Students registered at an institution of higher education who are working in a program leading to a baccalaureate degree or other formal award below the baccalaureate, such as an associate degree.

Visual and performing arts A group of instructional programs that generally describes the historic development, aesthetic qualities, and creative processes of the visual and performing arts.

Unemployed Civilians who had no employment but were available for work and: (1) had engaged in any specific job seeking activity within the past 4 weeks; (2) were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off; or (3) were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30 days.

Vocational education Organized educational programs, services, and activities which are directly related to the preparation of individuals for paid or unpaid employment, or for additional preparation for a career, requiring other than a baccalaureate or advanced degree.

U.S. Service Schools These institutions of higher education are controlled by the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Department of Transportation. The 5 institutions counted in the NCES surveys of degree granting institutions

Vocational home economics Vocational courses of instruction emphasizing the acquisition of competencies needed for getting and holding a job or preparing for advancement in occupational area using home economics knowledge or skills.

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX C

Index of Table Numbers Academic rank of faculty in postsecondary institutions, 227, 230, 231, 232, 233 salaries by, 235, 236, 239, 240 tenure by, 242 Academic support, expenditures at postsecondary institutions, 342, 346, 347 Achievement levels. See also under individual subjects mathematics scores of eighth-graders by, 122 reading scores of fourth-graders by, 112 ACT (American College Testing Program) scores, 130 Administration/Administrative staff postsecondary institutions, expenditures for, 340, 341 in public elementary and secondary schools, 78, 79, 80 public elementary and secondary schools, expenditures for, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160 Admission requirements for postsecondary institutions, 308 Adult education, 352, 353, 354 Advanced Placement courses in public secondary schools, 136 Affiliation of postsecondary institutions, 178 Age adult education participation, 353, 354 attendance status at postsecondary institutions, 172 child care arrangements by, 42 cognitive and motor skills by, 39 computer usage, 418, 419, 421 educational attainment by, 8, 9 enrollment in grades 9 to 12 compared to population, 54 faculty in postsecondary institutions, 230, 231 field of study in postsecondary institutions by, 211 GED test (General Educational Development), 104 international comparisons of bachelor’s degree recipients, 403 international comparisons of school-age population, 387 Internet usage, 417 labor force participation by, 368 literacy skills of adults, 381 mathematics scores by, 118, 119, 120 number of persons with bachelor’s degrees, 10 percentage of population enrolled in school by, 7 population by, 15, 16 postsecondary enrollment by, 174 preprimary education and, 40 range for compulsory school attendance, 147 reading scores by, 108, 109, 111 school-age, by state, 17 student financial aid, 316, 317, 318 students exiting special education, 107 teachers in public schools, 68 unemployment rate, 370 vocational and nonvocational teachers in public schools, 70

Agriculture associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 273 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 postsecondary education enrollment, 211 Alcohol usage by high school seniors, 146 by teenagers, 145 violence and drug use on school property, 144 Algebra course work in secondary schools, 120 Alumni, 345 American Indian/Alaska Native with associate’s degrees, 258, 259, 260 attendance patterns by tenth-graders, 140 with bachelor’s degrees, 10, 261, 262, 263 course work by public high school graduates in mathematics and science, 134 distribution in public schools, 94 with doctor’s degrees, 267, 268, 269, 295–301 educational attainment by state, 12 employment of high school seniors, 371 enrollment distribution in public schools by state, 38 estimates of resident population by, 16 with first-professional degrees, 270, 271, 272 high school graduates and dropouts, 103 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 with master’s degrees, 264, 265, 266 postsecondary institutions employment in, 224 enrollment in, 205, 206, 208, 209 faculty in, 227, 231, 233 in public charter and traditional public schools, 99 reading scores of fourth-graders, 112 SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores for college-bound seniors, 126 science achievement levels of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 tribally controlled institutions, 218 Appropriations for public postsecondary institutions, 333 Architecture associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 274 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

739

740

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

Area studies associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Arts associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 Carnegie units earned by high school graduates, 132 Carnegie units required by state for high school graduation, 148 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 294 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 eighth-graders, scores for, 125 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Asian/Pacific Islanders achievement levels in science of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 with associate’s degrees, 258, 259, 260 attendance patterns by tenth-graders, 140 with bachelor’s degrees, 10, 261, 262, 263 course work by public high school graduates in mathematics and science, 134 distribution in public schools, 94 with doctor’s degrees, 267, 268, 269, 295–301 educational attainment by state, 12 employment of high school seniors, 371 enrollment distribution in public schools by state, 38 estimates of resident population by, 16 with first-professional degrees, 270, 271, 272 high school graduates and dropouts, 103 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 with master’s degrees, 264, 265, 266 postsecondary institutions employment in, 224 enrollment in, 205, 208, 209 enrollment in by type and control of institution, 206 faculty in, 227, 231, 233 poverty rates, 21 in public charter and traditional public schools, 99 reading scores of fourth-graders, 112 SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores for college-bound seniors, 126 Assessment, 149. See also Testing Associate’s degrees, 259, 260 by control of institution, 302 degrees conferred by control of institution, 253, 254, 255 by field of study, 247, 248 by gender, 246 by race/ethnicity and gender, 258 by state, 304 Attendance, elementary/secondary education age range for compulsory, 147 average daily, 37, 162, 163, 167 preprimary education status, 40 in public elementary and secondary schools, 37 by tenth-graders, 140 Attendance status, postsecondary institutions, 170, 172, 177 by control and type of institution, 174 first-professional level, 187 by first-time freshmen, 179, 180

graduate level, 186 institutions with more than 15,000 students, 214 by level, 175, 176 in private postsecondary institutions by state, 193, 194 in public postsecondary institutions by state, 192 by race/ethnicity and gender, 205 by state, 191 student financial aid graduate level, 323, 324, 325, 326 undergraduate level, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322 undergraduate level, 185 Attrition rate for teachers in public schools, 73 Auxiliary enterprises, postsecondary institutions current-fund expenditures for, 342 current-fund revenues, 328, 329, 330, 332 expenditures for, 340, 341, 346, 347, 348 revenues to private institutions, 334, 335, 336, 337 Average daily attendance current expenditures for public elementary and secondary schools, 167 expenditures per pupils in public schools, 162 in public elementary and secondary schools, 37 transportation expenditures, 163 Bachelor’s degrees by control of institution, 302 course work for, 307 degrees conferred by control of institution, 253, 254, 255 by field of study, 249, 273–294, 375 (See also Field of study) by gender, 246 international comparisons of, 403 international comparisons of science, 404 number of persons with, 10 by race/ethnicity and gender, 261, 262, 263 salaries of recipients, 377 by state, 303, 304 Benefit expenditures for faculty in postsecondary institutions, 241 Biology associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 course work for bachelor’s degrees, 307 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 275, 276 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 international comparisons of time spent on science, 401 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Blacks achievement levels in science of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 with associate’s degrees, 258, 259, 260 attendance patterns by tenth-graders, 140 with bachelor’s degrees, 10, 261, 262, 263 child care arrangements by, 42 course work by public high school graduates in mathematics and science, 134 distribution in public schools, 94 with doctor’s degrees, 267, 268, 269, 295–301 dropouts from high school, 105 educational attainment, 8, 9, 12 employment of high school seniors, 371 enrollment distribution in public schools by state, 38 estimates of resident population by, 16

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

family characteristics of, 19 with first-professional degrees, 270, 271, 272 high school graduates and dropouts, 103 Internet usage, 417 labor force status of high school dropouts, 373 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 with master’s degrees, 264, 265, 266 mathematics scores by age, 119 mathematics scores of 17-year-olds, 120 percentage of population enrolled in school, 6 postsecondary institutions employment in, 224 enrollment in, 181, 184, 205, 208, 209 enrollment in by type and control of institution, 206 faculty in, 227, 231, 233 historically black colleges and universities, 219, 220 poverty rates, 21 in public charter and traditional public schools, 99 reading scores, 111 reading scores of fourth-graders, 112 SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores for college-bound seniors, 126 unemployment rate, 370 violence and drug use on school property, 144 Branch campuses, postsecondary institutions, 243, 245 Building deficiencies in public schools, 100 Business and management associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s and master’s degrees in, 303 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 course work for bachelor’s degrees, 307 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 277 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269, 295 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Calculus course work in secondary schools, 120 Careers and adult education participation, 353, 354. See also Occupation Carnegie units, 132 state requirements for high school graduation, 148 in vocational education, 133 Catholic schools. See also Private elementary and secondary schools attendance patterns by tenth-graders, 140 enrollment and other characteristics, 57 extracurricular activities of high school sophomores, 138 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 staff-to-student ratios, 58 tuition for, 59 Center-based programs, 41. See also Preprimary education Certification of teachers, states requiring test for, 151 Charter schools, 98, 99 Chemical engineering, 282. See also Engineering Chemistry, 289, 401 Child care, 41, 42 Cigarettes, teenagers smoking, 145 Citizenship, 295–301 Civic knowledge, 390 Civil engineering, 282. See also Engineering Classroom teachers. See Teachers

741

Class size international comparisons of mathematics, 396 by teacher characteristics, 67 Closing of postsecondary institutions, 245 Cognitive skills, 39 Collections in college and university libraries, 412, 413 Collections in public libraries, 414, 415 Communications associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 278 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Completion status in postsecondary education, 310 Computer and information sciences associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s and master’s degrees in, 303 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 course work for bachelor’s degrees, 307 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 279 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Computers home use, 418, 419 public elementary and secondary schools with Internet access, 416 usage by educational level, 420 work use, 421 Construction projects for public schools, 100 Construction trades associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Consumer Price index, 31 Control of institutions. See Private elementary and secondary schools; Private postsecondary institutions; Public elementary and secondary schools; Public postsecondary institutions Course work/Credits Advanced Placement courses in public secondary schools, 136 bachelor’s degree recipients, 307 Carnegie units required by state for high school graduation, 132, 148 dual credits offered in public secondary schools, 136 by high school graduates in mathematics and science, 134 mathematics scores of 17-year-olds, 120 minimum earned by high school graduates, 135 subjects taught in public high school, 69 Crime at public elementary and secondary schools, 141 Criminal justice enrollment in postsecondary education, 211 Criterion-referenced assessments by state, 149 Current expenditures. See also Expenditures per pupils in public schools, 162, 165, 167 in public elementary and secondary schools, 156, 157, 158, 159 Current-fund expenditures. See also Expenditures postsecondary institutions, 339, 340 public postsecondary institutions, 342, 343

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

742

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

Current-fund revenues. See also Revenues from federal government to postsecondary institutions, 338 by source for postsecondary institutions, 328, 329, 330, 332 by state for postsecondary institutions, 331 Degree-granting institutions. See Postsecondary education Degrees conferred. See also individual degrees bachelor’s degrees, 249 by control of institution, 253, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees, 251 historically black colleges and universities, 220 at historically black colleges and universities, 219 at institutions with more than 15,000 students, 214 by level and gender, 246 master’s degrees, 250 number of institutions and enrollment size, 213 by state, 302, 303, 304 Title IV postsecondary institutions, 168 tribally controlled institutions, 218 Degrees earned. See also Educational attainment; individual degrees by Hispanics, 217 income by educational attainment, 378, 379 by teachers in schools, 66, 67, 74 by type of institution, 310 women’s colleges, 216 Dentistry, 256, 257, 271, 272 Department of Agriculture, 363 Department of Education, 360, 361 Department of Health and Human Services, 364 Dependency status and student financial aid, 316, 317, 318 Disabilities, students with, 51 exiting special education, 107 in federally supported programs, 50 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, 52 postsecondary institution enrollment, 210 Discipline division. See Field of study Disposable personal income, 30. See also Income Distance education, high school participation in, 56 Doctor’s degrees, 295–301 by control of institution, 253, 254, 255, 302 by field of study, 251, 273–294 by gender, 246 by institution, 305 by race/ethnicity and gender, 267, 268, 269 by state, 304 student financial aid for, 323, 324, 325, 326 Dropouts from high school by gender and race/ethnicity, 105 labor force status, 373 in school districts of more than 15,000 students, 88 by state and race/ethnicity, 103 years of school completed, 106 Drug usage by high school seniors, 146 percentage of students experiencing, 144 by teenagers, 145 by young adults, 382 Dual credits in public secondary schools, 136 Economics degrees conferred in, 293 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211

Education (as field of study) associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s and master’s degrees in, 303 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 course work for bachelor’s degrees, 307 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 280 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269, 295, 296 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Education, federal support for, 356, 357 by agency, 358, 359 Department of Education appropriations, 361 Department of Education outlays, 360 science and engineering obligations to postsecondary institutions, 365 Education agencies (public), 86 Educational attainment adult education participation, 353, 354 bachelor’s degrees, number of persons with, 10 (See also Bachelor’s degrees) computer usage at work, 421 high school sophomores of 1990, 306 income by, 378, 379 influence of parents’ on children’s reading scores, 108 job satisfaction of 1988 eighth-graders, 384 labor force participation by, 368 by largest 25 states, 13 by level of attainment, 8, 9 literacy skills of adults, 381 by metropolitan area, 14 occupations by, 369 parental participation in educational activities with children, 24 parental participation in school activities, 23 by state, 11 by state and race/ethnicity, 12 of teachers in public and private schools, 66 of teachers in public schools, 67 unemployment rate, 370 vocational and nonvocational teachers in public schools, 70 volunteer activity by eighth-graders, 380 Educational institutions, number of, 5 Eighth grade achievement levels in mathematics in public schools, 122 achievement levels in science in public schools, 124 international comparisons class size for mathematics, 396 instructional practices in science, 401 of mathematics, 394, 395 of perceptions of mathematics, 397 of science, 400 volunteer activity, 380 Electrical engineering, 282. See also Engineering Elementary and secondary education, 32–167. See also Private elementary and secondary schools; Public elementary and secondary schools computer usage by students, 420 enrollment at all levels, 2 expenditures of educational institutions, 25, 26 expenditures on, 28 federal support for, 356, 358 number of institutions, 5 participants in, 1

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

per capita expenditures on, 29 pupil-to-teacher ratios in public and private schools, 63 Elementary schools, 92. See also Private elementary and secondary schools; Public elementary and secondary schools Employees in postsecondary institutions, 223. See also Staff Employment bachelor’s degree recipients and, 374, 375 computer usage, 421 high school seniors, 371 labor force status of high school graduates, 372 ratio to population, 368 of teachers outside of teaching, 75 Endowment funds, 350, 351 Engineering associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 course work for bachelor’s degrees, 307 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 281 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269, 295, 297 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 federal support to postsecondary institutions for, 365 graduate-level enrollment in, 212 international comparisons of bachelor’s degree recipients, 404 international comparisons of graduate degrees in, 405 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 English and literature associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 Carnegie units earned by high school graduates, 132 Carnegie units required by state for high school graduation, 148 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 283 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 English as a second language, 352 Enrollment at all levels of education, 2 in Catholic schools, 60 in grades 9 to 12 compared to population, 54 international comparisons, 385 international comparisons of secondary and postsecondary enrollment, 388 in largest 100 school districts, 90 percentage of population enrolled in school, 6, 7 postsecondary institutions attendance status, 170, 172, 177, 191 bachelor’s degree recipients, 375, 376 by control and affiliation, 178 by control and type, 171, 174, 195 degrees conferred at, 213 disabled students in, 210 field of study, 211 first-professional level, 187 first-time freshmen, 179 full-time equivalent enrollment in, 199, 200 by gender and race/ethnicity, 184 graduate level, 186 historically black colleges and universities, 219, 220, 221 institutions with large populations of Hispanic students, 217 institutions with more than 15,000 students, 214 largest colleges and universities, 215 by level, 173, 175, 176, 196, 197, 198

743

private institutions, 190, 194 public institutions by state, 189 by race/ethnicity, 206, 208 by race/ethnicity and gender, 205 by recent high school completers, 181, 182, 183 by state, 188, 189, 190 Title IV, 168 tribally controlled institutions, 218 undergraduate, 185 women’s colleges, 216 preprimary education, 40, 43 in private elementary and secondary schools, 57, 61 public schools charter schools, 98 by grade, 36 historical statistics of, 32 pupil-to-staff ratios in, 82 pupil-to-teacher ratios in, 62, 65 race/ethnicity distribution in, 38, 94 school size of, 93 by state, 33, 34, 35, 38 by urbanicity, 87 in school districts, 85 by school districts of more than 15,000 students, 88 Environment in schools building deficiencies in public schools, 100 violence and drug use, 144 Expenditures compared to gross domestic product and income, 30 current for public elementary and secondary schools by state, 157, 166, 167 of educational institutions, 25, 26 governmental by function, 27 historical statistics of public schools, 32 for instruction in public schools, 161 international comparisons on education, 406, 407 postsecondary institutions current-fund, 342, 343 libraries, 412, 413 private institutions, 346, 347, 348, 349 public institutions, 341, 344 by purpose, 340 by type and control of institution, 339 public elementary and secondary schools by function and subfunction, 160 by metropolitan status, 87 per pupil, 162, 164, 165 by purpose, 156, 157, 158, 159 in school districts of more than 15,000 students, 89 for school libraries and media centers, 409, 410, 411 by state and local governments, 28, 29 Expulsions from school, 143 Extracurricular activities (school sponsored), 138 Faculty benefit expenditures for, 241 by employment status, 223, 226 by field of study, 232, 233 full-time by race/ethnicity, 227 historical statistics of degree-granting institutions, 169 instructional activities of, 228 number of, 1, 4

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

744

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

part-time, 229 in postsecondary institutions, 222, 230 by race/ethnicity and gender, 224, 231 salaries by field of study, 234 by rank, 235, 236 by state, 237, 238, 239, 240 with tenure, 242 Families care of children in, 41, 42 characteristics of, 19 median income of, 30 (See also Income, family) poverty rates by race/ethnicity, 21 preschool literacy activities at home, 46, 47 by status and presence of children, 18 Federal government, 355–367 budget composite deflator, 31 Department of Agriculture nutrition programs, 363 Department of Health and Human Services, 364 education agencies (public) operated by, 86 expenditures for education, 356, 357 by agency, 358, 359 Department of Education appropriations, 361 Department of Education outlays, 360 by function, 27 research, 366, 367 science and engineering obligations to postsecondary institutions, 365 Title I allocations, 362 funds to largest school districts, 90 Head Start programs, 364 to postsecondary institutions, 338 programs for students with disabilities, 50 revenues to postsecondary institutions, 328, 329, 330, 332 to private postsecondary institutions, 334, 335, 336, 337 for public elementary and secondary schools, 152, 153, 154 for state education agencies, 155 student financial aid, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326 Field of study. See also under individual subjects associate’s degrees by, 247, 248 bachelor’s degree recipients, enrollment status, 376 bachelor’s degrees by, 249, 375 bachelor’s degrees by course work completed, 307 degrees conferred by, 273–294 doctor’s degrees by, 251 faculty in postsecondary institutions, 232, 233 faculty salaries by, 234 first-professional degrees by, 256, 257 full-time employment by, 374 intended major for college-bound seniors, 128 by level and type of institution, 211 master’s degrees by, 250 salaries of bachelor’s degree recipients by, 377 Finances for postsecondary institutions, historical statistics, 169. See also Expenditures; Revenues Financial aid to students graduate level, 323, 324, 325, 326 undergraduates receiving, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322 First-professional degrees degrees conferred by control of institution, 253, 254, 255

by field of study, 256, 257 by gender, 246 by race/ethnicity and gender, 270, 271, 272 by state, 304 First-professional level disabled students enrolled at, 210 enrollment at, 173, 175, 176 by attendance status, 187 by race/ethnicity and gender, 205 by state, 196, 197, 198 field of study, 211 student financial aid for, 323, 324, 325, 326 tuition and fees for, 315 Foreign languages associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 Carnegie units earned by high school graduates, 132 Carnegie units required by state for high school graduation, 148 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 284 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 enrollment in high school, 55 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Foreign students in United States, 408 Fourth grade achievement levels in mathematics, 121 international comparisons of mathematics, 393 international comparisons of science, 399 reading scores in, 112 time spent on homework and television, 139 Four-year postsecondary institutions attendance status at, 177 with branch campuses, 243 closing of institutions, 245 completion status for students, 310 current-fund revenues for postsecondary institutions, 330 enrollment in, 171, 174, 175, 176 by race/ethnicity in, 206 by recent high school completers in, 183 by state, 195, 197, 198 undergraduate level, 185 expenditures at private institutions, 346 expenditures of, 339, 341, 347, 348 faculty in, 226 salaries, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240 tenure, 242 field of study at, 211 first-time freshmen at, 179 full-time equivalent enrollment in, 199, 200 full-time equivalent staff at, 225 historically black colleges and universities, 221 number of institutions, 207 number of institutions by state, 244 remedial coursework offered by, 309 residence and migration in postsecondary institutions, 204 revenues to private postsecondary institutions, 335, 336, 337 staff in, 223, 224 student financial aid graduates, 325, 326 undergraduates, 319, 320, 321, 322 Title IV postsecondary institutions, 168 tuition, fees and board rates for undergraduates, 312, 313, 314

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

Free school lunch program building deficiencies in public schools, 100 crime incidents reported at public schools, 141 geography proficiency by grade levels, 117 history proficiency by grade levels, 115, 116 public elementary and secondary schools with Internet access, 416 schools with security measures, 142 science achievement levels of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 writing proficiency scores, 114 French degrees conferred in, 285 enrollment in high school, 55 Freshmen postsecondary enrollment by, 179, 180 residence and migration in postsecondary institutions, 202, 203, 204 Full-day kindergarten, 49, 147 Full-time attendance at postsecondary institutions, 170, 177 by age and gender, 172 by control and type of institution, 174 first-professional level enrollment at, 187 first-time freshmen, 179, 180 graduate enrollment, 186 graduate-level student financial aid, 323, 325, 326 institutions with more than 15,000 students, 214 by level, 173, 175, 176 in private institutions by state, 193 in private postsecondary institutions by state, 194 in public institutions by state, 192 by race/ethnicity and gender, 205 by state, 191 student financial aid, 317, 320, 322 Full-time employment. See also Employment bachelor’s degree recipients and, 374 in postsecondary institutions, 223, 224, 226 Full-time equivalent enrollment in postsecondary institutions, 199, 200, 201, 214 Full-time equivalent staff in postsecondary institutions, 222, 225. See also Faculty; Staff Full-time equivalent students (postsecondary institutions), expenditures per, 339 Full-time faculty, 227, 228. See also Faculty Funding for public elementary and secondary schools. See Revenues GED test (General Educational Development), 104 Gender achievement levels in science of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 ACT (American College Testing Program) scores, 130 adult education participation, 353, 354 art scores for eighth-graders, 125 associate’s degrees by, 258, 259, 260 attendance status at postsecondary institutions, 170, 172, 177 bachelor’s degrees by, 261, 262, 263 Carnegie units earned by high school graduates, 132, 133 computer usage, 418, 419, 420, 421 course work and mathematics scores of 17-year-olds, 120 course work by public high school graduates in mathematics and science, 134

745

degrees conferred by, 273–294 degrees conferred by field of study, 252 doctor’s degrees by, 267, 268, 269, 295–301 dropouts from high school by, 105 educational attainment, 8, 9 of high school sophomores of 1990, 306 in largest 25 states, 13 by metropolitan area, 14 employment of high school seniors, 371 enrollment in postsecondary institutions, 182, 205 enrollment in Title IV postsecondary institutions, 168 extracurricular activities of high school sophomores, 138 first-professional degrees by, 256, 257, 270, 271, 272 geography proficiency by grade levels, 117 gifted and talented students by state, 53 grade point averages of elementary and secondary students, 131 high school graduates by control of school, 101 historical statistics of degree-granting institutions, 169 history proficiency by grade levels, 115, 116 income by educational attainment, 378, 379 international comparisons of bachelor’s degree recipients, 403 of mathematics, 398 of mathematics, reading, science and problem-solving skills, 391 of science scores, 402 Internet usage, 417 labor force participation by, 368 labor force status of high school dropouts, 373 labor force status of high school graduates, 372 life values of high school students, 383 literacy skills of adults, 381 master’s degrees by, 264, 265, 266 mathematics scores by age, 118, 119 minimum credits earned by high school graduates, 135 number of persons with bachelor’s degrees, 10 occupations by, 369 postsecondary institutions associate’s degrees by field of study, 248 attendance status and state, 191 attendance status at private institutions by state, 193 attendance status at public institutions by state, 192 degrees conferred by, 246 employment in, 223, 224 enrollment in, 173, 175, 176, 184 enrollment in private institutions, 194 faculty in, 227, 230, 231, 232, 233 faculty salaries by, 235, 236 faculty with tenure in, 242 first-professional level enrollment at, 187 first-time freshmen at, 179, 180 graduate enrollment at, 186 historically black colleges and universities, 220 institutions with more than 15,000 students, 214 undergraduate enrollment at, 185 women’s colleges, 216 reading scores by, 108, 111 SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores for college-bound seniors, 127 student financial aid, 316, 317, 318 suspensions and expulsions from public schools, 143 teachers’ educational attainment in schools by, 66

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

746

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

teachers in public schools, 68 time spent on homework and television by fourth-graders, 139 unemployment rate, 370 violence and drug use on school property, 144 vocational and nonvocational teachers in public schools, 70 volunteer activity by eighth-graders, 380 writing proficiency by grade levels, 114 General Educational Development (GED), 104 Geography enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 proficiency levels by grade, 116, 117 Geology, 289 Geometry course work in secondary schools, 120 German degrees conferred in, 285 enrollment in high school, 55 Gifted and talented students, 53 Goals for education for college-bound seniors, 128 Government. See also Federal government; Local governments; States expenditures by level and function, 27 support for education by agency, 357–358, 367 Grade levels building deficiencies in public schools, 100 enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools by, 34, 35, 36 geography proficiency by, 117 history proficiency by, 115, 116 mathematics and science assessment by, 45 minimum-competency testing by, 150 public elementary and secondary schools by, 91 public elementary schools by, 96 public secondary schools by, 97 reading assessment by, 44 violence and drug use on school property, 144 writing proficiency by, 114 Grade point averages distribution in public schools, 131 SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores, 128 Graduate-level studies disabled students enrolled at, 210 enrollment in, 173, 175, 176 by attendance status, 186 by race/ethnicity and gender, 205 by state, 196, 197, 198 faculty teaching at, 228 field of study, 211 at institutions with more than 15,000 students, 214 international comparisons of degrees in science, 405 part-time faculty teaching at, 229 in science and engineering postsecondary programs, 212 tuition and fees for, 315 Graduate Record Examination (GRE), 311 Graduation requirements for high school, 148 Grants to students graduate students receiving, 325, 326 undergraduates receiving, 316, 317, 318, 320, 321, 322, 327 Gross domestic product compared to government expenditures and income, 30 expenditures of educational institutions, 25 international comparisons of spending on education, 407 price index, 31

Half-day kindergarten, 49, 147 Head Start programs, 364 Health sciences associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 Carnegie units required by state for high school graduation, 148 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 286 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Higher education. See Postsecondary education High school, 34. See also Elementary and secondary education; Public elementary and secondary schools High school graduates Carnegie units earned by, 132 Carnegie units required by state, 148 educational attainment of high school sophomores of 1990, 306 enrollment in postsecondary institutions, 181, 182, 183 GED credentialed, 104 by gender and control of school, 101 job satisfaction of 1988 eighth-graders, 384 labor force status, 372 from private secondary schools, 61 by state, 102 by state and race/ethnicity, 103 students with disabilities, 107 High schools, 92. See also Public elementary and secondary schools High school seniors drug usage by, 146 employment of, 371 life values of, 383 High school sophomores, 383 Hispanics achievement levels in science of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 with associate’s degrees, 258, 259, 260 attendance patterns by tenth-graders, 140 with bachelor’s degrees, 10, 261, 262, 263 child care arrangements by, 42 course work and mathematics scores of 17-year-olds, 120 course work by public high school graduates in mathematics and science, 134 distribution in public schools, 94 with doctor’s degrees, 267, 268, 269, 295–301 dropouts from high school, 105 educational attainment, 8, 9, 12 employment of high school seniors, 371 enrollment distribution in public schools by state, 38 estimates of resident population by, 16 family characteristics of, 19 with first-professional degrees, 270, 271, 272 high school graduates and dropouts, 103 Internet usage, 417 labor force status of high school dropouts, 373 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 with master’s degrees, 264, 265, 266 mathematics scores by age, 119 percentage of population enrolled in school, 6 postsecondary institutions, 217 employment in, 224 enrollment in, 181, 184, 205, 206, 208, 209 faculty in, 227, 231, 233

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

poverty rates, 21 in public charter and traditional public schools, 99 reading scores, 111 reading scores of fourth-graders, 112 SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores for college-bound seniors, 126 unemployment rate, 370 violence and drug use on school property, 144 Historically black colleges and universities, 219, 220, 221 Historical summary statistics Catholic schools, 60 degree-granting institutions, 169 enrollment at all levels, 3 expenditures of educational institutions, 25, 26 level of education attained, 8 number of school districts and public and private schools, 84 public elementary and secondary schools, 32 History associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249 Carnegie units earned by high school graduates, 132 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 292, 293 doctor’s degrees in, 251 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250 proficiency levels by grade, 115, 116 Home activities computers, 418, 419 preschool literacy activities, 46, 47 reading scores and, 110 Homework international comparisons in mathematics, 393, 394, 398 international comparisons in science, 400 mathematics, 121 reading scores by amount of time on, 110 time fourth-graders spent on, 139 Hospitals current-fund expenditures for at postsecondary institutions, 342 current-fund revenues for postsecondary institutions, 328, 329, 330, 332 expenditures at postsecondary institutions for, 340, 341, 346, 347 revenues to private postsecondary institutions, 334, 335 Households income and adult education participation, 353, 354 income and child care arrangements, 43 income by states, 20 Humanities bachelor’s and master’s degrees in, 303 doctor’s degrees in, 295, 298 Illicit drug usage, 382. See also Drug usage Income compared to gross domestic product and government expenditures, 30 for dropouts from high school, 106 by educational attainment, 378, 379 family computer usage, 418, 419, 420, 421 educational goals for college-bound seniors, 128 grade point averages of elementary and secondary students, 131

747

Internet usage, 417 student financial aid, 316, 317, 318 high school seniors, 371 household by state, 20 parental participation in educational activities with children, 24 parental participation in school activities by level of, 23 for public libraries, 414 teacher salaries, 75 (See also Salaries) Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, 52 Instructional levels. See Grade levels Instructional methods kindergarten, 49 in science, 401 Instructional time in mathematics, 121, 123. See also Time Instruction/Instructional staff. See also Faculty; Teachers postsecondary institutions expenditures for, 340, 341, 348 expenditures for at private institutions, 346, 347 Title IV, 168 in public elementary and secondary schools, 78, 79, 80 expenditures for, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161 Interdisciplinary studies associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Interest on school debt, 164. See also Expenditures International Baccalaureate programs in public secondary schools, 136 International comparisons, 385–408 bachelor’s degree recipients, 403 bachelor’s degrees in science, 404 civic knowledge and engagement, 390 eighth-graders’ perceptions of mathematics, 397 foreign students enrolled in United States, 408 graduate degrees in science, 405 instructional activities in science, 401 mathematics class size for, 396 instruction time, 395 scores, 392, 393, 394, 398 mathematics, reading, science and problem-solving skills, 391 population and enrollment, 385, 386 public direct expenditures on education, 407 pupils per teacher in elementary and secondary schools, 389 school age population, 387 science scores, 399, 400, 402 secondary and postsecondary enrollment, 388 International relations in postsecondary education, 211 Internet access/usage, 417 home activities, 418, 419 public elementary and secondary schools with, 416 Italian, enrollment in high school in, 55 Japanese, enrollment in high school in, 55 Job satisfaction, 384 Journalism, 278 Junior high schools, 91. See also Public elementary and secondary schools

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

748

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

Kindergarten age range for compulsory school attendance, 147 full versus half-day, 49 mathematics and science scores in, 45 preschool literacy activities at home, 47 readiness for, 48 reading scores in, 44 Labor force. See also Employment dropouts from high school, 106, 373 high school graduates, 372 participation rates, 368 Latin, enrollment in high school in, 55 Law, 256, 257, 271, 272 Legal professions associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 international comparisons of eighth-graders perceptions about, 397 reading scores in school influenced by, 110 Liabilities of postsecondary institutions, 350 Liberal arts and humanities associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Libraries expenditures at postsecondary institutions for, 340, 341 in postsecondary institutions, 412, 413 public, 414, 415 school, 409, 410, 411 Library science associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Life sciences doctor’s degrees in, 295, 298 international comparisons of eighth-graders’ scores, 400 international comparisons of fourth-graders’ scores, 399 Life values, 383 Literacy skills, 381 Loans to students graduate students receiving, 323, 324, 325, 326 undergraduates receiving, 316, 317, 318, 320, 321, 322 Local communities, public opinion on condition of public schools, 22 Local governments expenditures by, 27, 28 expenditures on education, 29 postsecondary institutions appropriations for, 333

revenues to, 328, 329, 330, 332 revenues to private, 334, 335, 336, 337 revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, 152, 153, 154 Marital status, 18 Master’s degrees by control of institution, 302 degrees conferred by control of institution, 253, 254, 255 by field of study, 250, 273–294 by gender, 246 by race/ethnicity and gender, 264, 265, 266 by state, 303, 304 student financial aid for, 323, 324, 325, 326 Mathematics achievement and volunteer activity by eighth-graders, 380 achievement levels of eighth-graders in public schools, 122 achievement levels of fourth-graders, 121 assessment in elementary school by selected characteristics, 45 associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 Carnegie units earned by high school graduates, 132 Carnegie units required by state for high school graduation, 148 course work and mathematics scores of 17-year-olds, 120 course work by high school graduates in, 134 course work for bachelor’s degrees, 307 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 287 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269, 295 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 international comparisons, 391, 392, 393, 394, 398 of bachelor’s degree recipients, 404 of class size, 396 of eighth-graders perceptions about, 397 of graduate degrees in, 405 of time spent in mathematics instruction, 395 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 proficiency levels by age, 119 scores by student and school characteristics, 118 statistics on public school education, 123 Mechanical engineering, 282. See also Engineering Media centers in schools, 409, 410, 411 Medicine, 256, 257, 271, 272. See also Health sciences Metropolitan status adult education participation, 353, 354 building deficiencies in public schools, 100 crime incidents reported at public schools, 141 dual credit, Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate enrollment in public schools, 136 educational attainment by, 14 high school graduates enrolled in postsecondary institutions by, 183 largest school districts, 90 public elementary and secondary schools, 87 public elementary and secondary schools with Internet access, 416 reading scores of eighth-graders by, 113 school districts of more than 15,000 students, 88, 89 schools with security measures, 142 time spent on homework and television by fourth-graders, 139 Microbiology, 276 Middle schools, 91. See also Public elementary and secondary schools

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

Military technologies associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Minimum-competency testing by state, 150 Minority enrollment in postsecondary institutions, 207, 208, 209. See also Race/ethnicity Mobility residence and migration of freshmen in postsecondary institutions, 202, 203, 204 of teachers in public and private schools, 73 Mothers level of education and literacy activities, 47 (See also Parents) preprimary education and, 43 Motor skills, 39 Music, scores for eighth-graders, 125 Natural sciences. See also Science enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 international comparisons of graduate degrees in science, 405 Need-based student financial aid, 327. See also Financial aid to students No Child Left Behind Act (2001), 361. See also Title I allocations Non-degree-granting institutions, 168, 355 Non-sectarian private elementary and secondary schools, 57, 59 Not-for-profit private postsecondary institutions, 194. See also Private postsecondary institutions enrollment in, 174 revenues to, 335 Nutrition programs, 363 Occupation adult education participation, 353, 354 bachelor’s degree recipients by, 375 computer usage at work, 421 by educational attainment, 369 One-parent households, 18, 21 One-teacher schools, 91, 95 Opinions on education on condition of public schools, 22 teachers on problems in schools, 71 teachers on school conditions, 72 Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) civic knowledge and engagement, 391 mathematics, reading, science and problem-solving skills, 391 mathematics scores, 392 Parental level of education art scores of children, 125 educational attainment of high school sophomores of 1990, 306 educational goals for college-bound seniors, 128 grade point averages of elementary and secondary students, 131 history proficiency scores of children, 115, 116 mathematics scores of children, 118, 122 reading scores by, 108 writing proficiency scores of children, 114 Parents involvement in educational activities with children, 24 preprimary education and characteristics of mothers, 43

749

readiness for kindergarten, 48 school activities, participation in, 23 Part-time attendance at postsecondary institutions, 170, 177 by age and gender, 172 by control and type of institution, 174 first-professional level enrollment at, 187 first-time freshmen, 179, 180 graduate enrollment, 186, 324 institutions with more than 15,000 students, 214 by level, 173, 175, 176 in private postsecondary by state, 193 in private postsecondary institutions, 194 in public institutions by state, 192 by race/ethnicity and gender, 205 by state, 191 student financial aid, 318, 321, 322 Part-time employment in postsecondary institutions, 223, 224, 226 Part-time faculty, 229. See also Faculty Performing arts associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 294 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 eighth-graders, scores for, 125 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Pharmaceutical studies, 257, 271, 272 Philosophy, religion and theology associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Physical education, 148 Physical plant value, postsecondary institutions, 350 Physical sciences associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 course work for bachelor’s degrees, 307 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 288 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269, 295, 300 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 international comparisons of eighth-graders’ scores, 400 international comparisons of fourth-graders’ scores, 399 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Physics, 289, 401 Podiatry, 257, 271, 272 Political science and government degrees conferred in, 293 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 Population by age and race/ethnicity, 16 by age group, 15 gross domestic product and income, 30 historical statistics of, 32 international comparisons, 385, 386 international comparisons of secondary and postsecondary enrollment, 388 percentage enrolled in school, 6, 7 public libraries serving, 414

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

750

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

ratio to employment status, 368 school-age, by state, 17 Postsecondary education, 168–355 admission requirements for institutions, 308 assets and liabilities of institutions, 350 closing of institutions, 245 computer usage by students, 420 course work in, 307 Department of Education outlays for, 360 doctor’s degrees by institution, 305 endowment funds for institutions, 350, 351 enrollment at all levels, 2 enrollment status of bachelor’s degree recipients, 376 expenditures on, 25, 26, 28, 340 (See also under Expenditures) federal support for, 356, 358 institutions with more than 15,000 students, 214 job satisfaction of 1988 eighth-graders, 384 largest colleges and universities, 215 libraries in institutions, 412, 413 non-degree-granting Title IV institutions, 355 number of institutions, 5, 207, 243 number of institutions by state, 244 participants in, 1 per capita expenditures on, 29 Poverty rates in largest 100 school districts, 90 by race/ethnicity, 21 in school districts of more than 15,000 students, 89 by state, 20 Preprimary education center-based programs, 41 enrollment and characteristics of children, 43 enrollment in, 40 literacy activities at home, 46, 47 in public elementary schools, 96 Preschool programs, 40. See also Preprimary education Price indexes, 31 Principals in private elementary and secondary schools, 58, 83 in public elementary and secondary schools, 83 Private elementary and secondary schools attendance patterns by tenth-graders, 140 Catholic schools, 60 (See also Catholic schools) disabled students in, 51 enrollment in, 2, 57 enrollment in grades 9 to 12 compared to population, 54 expenditures of, 26 extracurricular activities of high school sophomores, 138 grade point averages, 131 graduates enrolled in postsecondary institutions, 183 high school graduates, 61, 101 historical and projected enrollment statistics, 3 international comparisons of expenditures on, 406 kindergarten instructional activities, 49 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 mobility of teachers, 73 number of, 5, 84 opinions of teachers on school conditions, 71, 72 parental participation in educational activities with children, 24 parental participation in school activities, 23 participants in, 1 preprimary education, 40

principals in, 83 salaries of teachers, 75 school libraries and media centers, 409, 410, 411 with security measures, 142 staff-to-student ratios, 58 teachers’ educational attainment in, 66 teachers in, 4 time spent on homework and television by fourth-graders, 139 tuition for, 59 Private funding for public elementary and secondary schools, 153, 154 Private gifts and grants postsecondary institutions, 328, 329, 330, 332 revenues to private postsecondary institutions, 334, 335, 336, 337 by source, 345 Private postsecondary institutions attendance status at, 170, 177 with branch campuses, 243 closing of institutions, 245 by control and affiliation, 178 current-fund revenues, 338 degrees conferred at, 213, 253, 254, 255, 302 enrollment, 171, 174, 175, 176 by race/ethnicity in, 206 by state, 190, 195, 197, 198 expenditures of, 26, 339, 346, 347, 349 faculty in, 4, 226, 228, 230, 231 benefit expenditures for, 241 salaries, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240 tenure, 242 first-professional level enrollment at, 187 first-time freshmen at, 179, 180 full-time equivalent enrollment in, 199, 200, 201 full-time equivalent staff at, 225 graduate enrollment, 186 historically black colleges and universities, 221 international comparisons of expenditures on, 406 non-degree-granting Title IV institutions, 355 not-for profit institutions, 194 number of, 5, 207, 244 part-time faculty in, 229 remedial coursework offered by, 309 revenues for by source, 334, 335, 336, 337 staff in, 222, 223, 224 student financial aid graduate students receiving, 323, 324, 325, 326 undergraduate students receiving, 319, 320, 321, 322 tuition, fees and board rates for undergraduates, 312, 313, 314 tuition and fees for graduate-level studies, 315 undergraduate enrollment at, 185 Problems in schools, opinions of teachers on, 71 Problem-solving skills, 391 Proficiency levels. See also Achievement levels geography, 117 United States history, 115, 116 writing, 114 Programs in public schools, 99 Projections of statistics, enrollment at all levels, 3 Psychology associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

course work for bachelor’s degrees, 307 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 290 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269, 295 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Public administration associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 291 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Public elementary and secondary schools achievement levels in mathematics of eighth-graders in, 122 achievement levels in mathematics of fourth-graders, 121 achievement levels in science of eighth-graders in, 124 attendance patterns by tenth-graders, 140 average daily attendance at, 37 charter schools and, 98, 99 course work by high school graduates in mathematics and science, 134 crime incidents reports at, 141 disabled students in, 51 distance education participation, 56 dual credit, Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate enrollment, 136 education agencies, 86 elementary schools by state and grade span, 96 enrollment at all levels, 2 distribution in by state and race/ethnicity, 38 by grade in, 36 in grades 9 to 12 compared to population, 54 by size, 92 by state, 33, 34, 35 expenditures, 26 by function, 158, 159, 160 for instruction, 161 per pupil, 162, 164, 165, 166, 167 by purpose, 156, 160 by state, 157 for transportation to school, 163 extracurricular activities of high school sophomores, 138 foreign language enrollment, 55 grade point averages, 131 by grade spans included, 91 graduates enrolled in postsecondary institutions, 183 high school graduates, 101, 102 historical and projected enrollment statistics, 3 historical statistics for, 32 international comparisons of expenditures on, 406 Internet access, 416 kindergarten instructional activities, 49 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 mathematics instruction in, 123 minimum credits earned by high school graduates, 135 mobility of teachers, 73 number of, 5 number of school districts, 84 opinions of teachers on problems in schools, 71 opinions of teachers on school conditions, 72 parental participation in educational activities with children, 24

751

parental participation in school activities, 23 participants in, 1 preprimary education, 40 principals in, 83 public opinion on condition of, 22 pupil-to-staff ratios in, 82 pupil-to-teacher ratios, 62, 65 race/ethnicity distribution in, 94 reading scores of eighth-graders in, 113 reading scores of fourth-graders in, 112 (See also under Reading) revenues by source of funds, 152, 153, 154 school libraries and media centers, 409, 410, 411 school size of public schools, 93 secondary schools by state and grade levels, 97 with security measures, 142 staff in, 78, 79, 80 by state and type of school, 95 subjects taught in high school, 69 suspensions and expulsions from, 143 teachers, 4, 64 (See also Teachers) characteristics of, 67, 68 educational attainment of, 66 as percentage of staff in, 81 salaries, 75, 76, 77 vocational and nonvocational, 70 time spent on homework and television by fourth-graders, 139 transportation to school, 163 by urbanicity, 87 Public libraries, 414, 415 Public opinion. See Opinions on education Public postsecondary institutions affiliation of, 178 appropriations for by state, 333 attendance status at, 170, 177 with branch campuses, 243 closing of institutions, 245 current-fund expenditures at, 342, 343 current-fund revenues, 330, 338 degrees conferred at, 213, 253, 254, 255 degrees conferred in, 302 educational and general expenditures at, 344 enrollment, 171, 174, 175, 176 by race/ethnicity in, 206 by state, 189, 195, 197, 198 undergraduate, 185 expenditures of, 26, 339, 341 faculty in, 4, 226, 228, 230, 231 benefit expenditures for, 241 salaries, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240 tenure, 242 first-professional level enrollment at, 187 first-time freshmen at, 179, 180 full-time equivalent enrollment in, 199, 200, 201 full-time equivalent staff at, 225 graduate enrollment, 186 historically black colleges and universities, 221 international comparisons of expenditures on, 406 non-degree-granting Title IV institutions, 355 number of, 5, 207, 244 part-time faculty in, 229 remedial coursework offered by, 309

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

752

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

staff in, 222, 223, 224 student financial aid graduate students receiving, 323, 324, 325, 326 undergraduate students receiving, 319, 320, 321, 322 tuition, fees and board rates for undergraduates, 312, 313, 314 tuition and fees for graduate-level studies, 315 Pupils average number in public elementary schools, 96 expenditures per in public schools, 162, 164, 165, 166, 167 to-staff ratios in public elementary and secondary schools, 82 to-teacher ratios, 62, 63 international comparisons, 389 by state in public schools, 65 by urbanicity in public schools, 87 Race/ethnicity achievement levels in science of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 ACT (American College Testing Program) scores, 130 adult education participation, 353, 354 art scores for eighth-graders, 125 associate’s degrees by, 258, 259, 260 attendance patterns by tenth-graders, 140 bachelor’s degrees by, 261, 262, 263 Carnegie units earned by high school graduates, 132 Carnegie units earned by high school graduates in vocational education by, 133 child care arrangements by, 42 computer usage, 418, 419, 420, 421 course work and mathematics scores of 17-year-olds, 120 course work by public high school graduates in mathematics and science, 134 distribution in public schools, 94 doctor’s degrees by, 267, 268, 269, 295–301 dropouts from high school by, 105 educational attainment, 8, 9, 12 educational attainment of high school sophomores of 1990, 306 employment of high school seniors, 371 enrollment distribution in public schools by state, 38 enrollment in postsecondary institutions, 181, 205, 206 estimates of resident population by, 16 extracurricular activities of high school sophomores, 138 family characteristics by, 19 first-professional degrees by, 270, 271, 272 geography proficiency by grade levels, 117 grade point averages of elementary and secondary students, 131 high school graduates and dropouts by, 103 history proficiency by grade levels, 115, 116 Internet usage, 417 labor force participation by, 368 labor force status of high school dropouts, 373 labor force status of high school graduates, 372 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 literacy skills of adults, 381 master’s degrees by, 264, 265, 266 mathematics scores by age, 118, 119 minimum credits earned by high school graduates, 135 number of persons with bachelor’s degrees, 10 parental participation in educational activities with children, 24 parental participation in school activities, 23 percentage of population enrolled in school, 6

postsecondary institutions employment in, 224 enrollment in, 184, 208, 209 faculty in, 227, 230, 231, 232, 233 poverty rates by, 21 preschool literacy activities at home, 47 in public charter and traditional public schools, 99 reading scores by, 108, 111, 112 SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores for college-bound seniors, 126 school districts of more than 15,000 students, 88 student financial aid, 316, 317, 318 teachers’ educational attainment in schools by, 66 time spent on homework and television by fourth-graders, 139 unemployment rate, 370 violence and drug use on school property, 144 vocational and nonvocational teachers in public schools, 70 volunteer activity by eighth-graders, 380 writing proficiency by grade levels, 114 Reading by age, gender, and race/ethnicity, 111 assessment in elementary school by selected characteristics, 44 average scores by age, 110 eighth-graders, scores for, 113 fourth-graders, scores for, 112 international comparisons, 391 percentile scores by age, 109 preschool literacy activities at home, 46, 47 by student and school characteristics, 108 Regional distributions achievement levels in science of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 art scores for eighth-graders, 125 crime incidents reported at public schools, 141 doctor’s degrees by, 295 dual credit, Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate enrollment in public schools, 136 extracurricular activities of high school sophomores, 138 geography proficiency by grade levels, 117 history proficiency by grade levels, 115, 116 literacy skills of adults, 381 mathematics scores by age, 118 reading scores by, 108 Religious affiliation postsecondary institutions, 178 private elementary and secondary schools, 57, 58 Remedial coursework, postsecondary institutions offering, 309 Renovations in public elementary and secondary schools, 100 Research expenditures at postsecondary institutions for, 340, 341, 346, 347, 348 federal support for, 356, 358, 366, 367 Residency of freshmen attending in-state postsecondary institutions, 202, 203, 204 Revenues postsecondary institutions current-fund by source, 328, 329, 330 current-fund by state, 331 from federal government, 338 private institutions, 334, 335, 336, 337 for public postsecondary institutions, 332

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

voluntary support, 345 public elementary and secondary schools historical statistics, 32 source of funds for, 152, 153, 154 by urbanicity, 87 in school districts of more than 15,000 students, 89 for state education agencies, 155 Room and board for undergraduates at postsecondary institutions, 312, 313, 314 Rural areas, public elementary and secondary schools, 87 Russian, enrollment in high school in, 55 Salaries of bachelor’s degree recipients, 375, 377 faculty in postsecondary institutions, 230, 231 by academic rank, 235, 236 by field of study, 234 by state, 237, 238, 239, 240 of principals in public and private schools, 83 public schools expenditures for, 160, 161 teachers, 74, 75, 76, 77 SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores, 128 for college-bound seniors, 126, 127 by state, 129 Scholarships for college, 327. See also Financial aid to students Scholastic Aptitude Test, 126. See also SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores School activities, parental participation in, 23 School-age population international comparisons, 387 by state, 17 School conditions crime at public schools, 141 teachers’ opinions on, 72 violence and drug use, 144 School districts, 86 enrollment and poverty in 100 largest, 90 by enrollment size, 85 with more than 15,000 students, 88, 89 number of, 84 School libraries, 409, 410, 411 School lunch program, 100, 363. See also Free school lunch program Science achievement levels of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 assessment in elementary school by selected characteristics, 45 associate’s degrees in, 247, 248 bachelor’s and master’s degrees in, 303 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249 biology degrees, 275, 276 Carnegie units earned by high school graduates, 132 Carnegie units required by state for high school graduation, 148 course work by high school graduates in, 134 course work for bachelor’s degrees, 307 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 295, 299–300 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 federal support to postsecondary institutions for, 365 graduate-level enrollment in, 212 international comparisons, 391 of bachelor’s degree recipients, 404

753

of eighth-graders’ scores, 400 of fourth-graders’ scores, 399 of graduate degrees in, 405 of instructional practices, 401 of scores, 402 master’s degrees in, 250 physical sciences degrees, 288 Secondary education for adults, 352 Security associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 schools with measures for, 142 Self-confidence in learning mathematics (SCM), 397. See also Mathematics Shutdowns of postsecondary institutions, 245 Skills international comparisons of problem-solving, 391 literacy skills of adults, 381 in mathematics by age, 119 readiness for kindergarten, 48 Social sciences associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s and master’s degrees in, 303 bachelor’s degrees in, 10, 249, 262, 263 course work for bachelor’s degrees, 307 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 292 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269, 295, 301 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Social services, 291 Social studies, 148 Socioeconomic status attendance patterns by tenth-graders, 140 educational attainment of high school sophomores of 1990, 306 employment of high school seniors, 371 extracurricular activities of high school sophomores, 138 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 volunteer activity by eighth-graders, 380 Sociology degrees conferred in, 293 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 Spanish degrees conferred in, 285 enrollment in high school, 55 Special education age range for compulsory attendance, 147 students exiting, 107 Staff. See also Teachers in postsecondary institutions, 222 by employment status, 223 full-time equivalent, 225 in libraries, 412, 413 by race/ethnicity and gender, 224 in private elementary and secondary schools, 58 in public elementary and secondary schools, 78, 79, 80, 81 pupil-to-staff ratios in public schools, 82 for state education agencies, 155 States adult education participation, 352

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

754

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

age range for compulsory school attendance, 147 average daily attendance at public schools, 37 Carnegie units required for high school graduation, 148 certification test for teachers, 151 criterion-referenced assessments, 149 degrees conferred in, 302, 303, 304 Department of Agriculture nutrition programs, 363 Department of Education appropriations, 361 education agencies, 86, 155 educational attainment by, 11, 12, 13 enrollment distribution in public schools, 38 enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, 33, 34 expenditures on education, 29 by governments of, 27 in public elementary and secondary schools, 157, 158, 159, 161, 164, 165, 166, 167 on research, 367 first-time freshmen at postsecondary institutions, 180 gifted and talented students by, 53 government expenditures of, 28 graduates from private schools by state, 61 Head Start programs, 364 high school graduates by, 102, 103 household income and poverty rates, 20 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, 52 mathematics achievement levels of eighth-graders in public schools, 122 mathematics achievement levels of fourth-graders in public schools, 121 mathematics instruction in public schools, 123 minimum-competency testing by, 150 postsecondary institutions appropriations for, 333 attendance status and gender, 191, 192 current-fund expenditures at, 343 current-fund revenues for, 331, 332 employment in, 225 enrollment in, 188, 195, 196, 197, 198, 208, 209 enrollment in private institutions, 194 expenditures for private institutions, 349 expenditures for public institutions, 344 faculty salaries by, 237, 238, 239, 240 full-time equivalent enrollment in, 200, 201 institutions with more than 15,000 students, 214 non-degree-granting Title IV institutions, 355 number in, 244 private institutions by state, 190, 193 public institutions by state, 189 residence and migration of freshmen, 202, 203, 204 public charter schools in, 98 public elementary and secondary schools by type of school, 95 public elementary schools by grade span, 96 public libraries in, 415 public secondary schools by grade span, 97 pupil-to-staff ratios in public schools by, 82 pupil-to-teacher ratios in public schools by, 65 reading scores of eighth-graders by, 113 reading scores of fourth-graders by, 112 revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, 152, 153, 154 revenues to postsecondary institutions, 328, 329, 330

revenues to private postsecondary institutions, 334, 335, 336, 337 salaries of teachers in public schools by, 77 SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores by, 129 school-age population by, 17 school districts of more than 15,000 students, 88, 89 school libraries and media centers by, 411 science achievement levels of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 staff in public elementary and secondary schools, 79, 80 student financial aid, 319, 327 suspensions and expulsions from public schools, 143 teachers as percentage of staff in public schools by, 81 teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, 64 Title I agency programs, 362 tuition, fees and board rates for undergraduates, 313 Statistics and mathematics. See also Mathematics bachelor’s degrees in, 10 degrees conferred in, 287 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 Status dropouts from high school, 105. See also Dropouts from high school Student financial aid graduate level, 323, 324, 325, 326 undergraduate level, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322 Students. See Graduate-level studies; Pupils; Undergraduate-level studies Student-to-faculty ratios, 225 Subjects in public high schools, 69 Suburban areas, public elementary and secondary schools, 87 Suspensions from school, 143 Talented students, 53. See also Gifted and talented students Teachers average class size for in public schools, 67 in Catholic schools, 60 characteristics of in public schools, 68 educational attainment of, 66 historical statistics of public schools, 32 international comparisons, 385, 389 kindergarten instructional activities, 49 mobility of, 73 number of, 1, 4 opinions on school conditions, 71, 72 in private elementary and secondary schools, 57, 58, 61 in public charter and traditional public schools, 99 in public elementary and secondary schools, 64, 65, 81 readiness for kindergarten, 48 salaries of, 74, 75, 76, 77 states requiring test for certification, 151 subjects taught in public high schools, 69 vocational and nonvocational in public schools, 70 Teachers’ Emphasis on Mathematics Homework (EMH), 396 Teaching experience salaries by, 74 teachers in public and private schools, 66 teachers in public schools, 67 Teenagers civic knowledge and engagement, 390 drug usage by, 145 international comparisons of mathematics, 392 international comparisons of mathematics, reading, science and problem-solving skills, 391

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

Television, 121, 139 Tenth grade attendance patterns, 140 extracurricular activities of high school sophomores, 138 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 Tenure for faculty, 242 Testing criterion-referenced assessments, 149 Graduate Record Examination (GRE), 311 minimum-competency testing, 150 states requiring for certification of teachers, 151 Theatre, scores for eighth-graders, 125 Theology, 271, 272. See also Philosophy, religion and theology Time, use of fourth-graders; homework and television, 139 homework and, 110 international comparisons of time spent on mathematics, 393, 394, 398 international comparisons of time spent on science, 399, 400, 401, 402 in mathematics instruction, 121, 123 in mathematics instruction, international comparisons of, 395 Time-series studies high school sophomores of 1990, 306 job satisfaction of 1988 eighth-graders, 384 volunteer activity by eighth-graders, 380 Title I allocations to largest school districts, 90 in school districts of more than 15,000 students, 89 by states, 362 Title IV postsecondary institutions, 168 with branch campuses, 243 non-degree-granting, 355 number of, 5, 355 Transportation to school, 163 Tribally controlled institutions, 218 Tuition for private elementary and secondary schools, 59 as revenues to postsecondary institutions, 328, 329, 330, 332 as revenues to private institutions, 334, 335, 336, 337 for undergraduates, 312, 313, 314 Two-year postsecondary institutions attendance status at, 177 with branch campuses, 243 closing of institutions, 245 completion status for students, 310 current-fund revenues for postsecondary institutions, 330 enrollment by race/ethnicity in, 206 enrollment by recent high school completers in, 183 enrollment by state, 195, 197, 198 enrollment in, 171, 174, 175, 176 expenditures at private institutions, 346 expenditures of, 339, 341, 347, 348 faculty in, 226 salaries, 236, 237, 238 tenure, 242 field of study at, 211 first-time freshmen at, 179 full-time equivalent enrollment in, 199, 200 full-time equivalent staff at, 225 historically black colleges and universities, 221 number of institutions, 207, 244

755

remedial coursework offered by, 309 revenues to private postsecondary institutions, 335, 336, 337 staff in, 223, 224 student financial aid, 319, 320, 321, 322 Title IV postsecondary institutions, 168 tuition, fees and board rates for undergraduates, 312, 313, 314 undergraduate enrollment at, 185 Undergraduate-level studies admission requirements for institutions, 308 disabled students enrolled at, 210 enrollment, 173, 175, 176 by attendance status, 185 by race/ethnicity and gender, 205 by state, 196, 197, 198 faculty teaching at, 228 field of study, 211 at institutions with more than 15,000 students, 214 part-time faculty teaching at, 229 student financial aid, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 327 tuition, fees and board rates for, 312, 313, 314 Unemployment rate, 370 of high school dropouts, 373 of high school graduates, 372 United States Department of Education, 360. See also Department of Education United States history, proficiency levels by grade, 115, 116. See also History Universities, 171. See also Private postsecondary institutions; Public postsecondary institutions Urbanicity. See Metropolitan status Value of property, postsecondary institutions, 350 Values, 383 Veterinary medicine, 257, 271, 272 Violent crimes percentage of students’ experiencing, 144 at public elementary and secondary schools, 141 Visual arts associate’s degrees in, 247, 248, 259, 260 bachelor’s degrees in, 249, 262, 263 degrees conferred in, 252, 254, 255, 294 doctor’s degrees in, 251, 268, 269 eighth-graders, scores for, 125 enrollment, postsecondary education, 211 master’s degrees in, 250, 265, 266 Vocational schools/education Carnegie units earned by high school graduates, 132, 133 Carnegie units required by state for high school graduation, 148 in public secondary schools, 97 Voluntary support for postsecondary institutions, 345 Volunteering by eighth-graders, 380 Whites associate’s degrees, 258, 259, 260 attendance patterns by tenth-graders, 140 with bachelor’s degrees, 10, 261, 262, 263 child care arrangements by, 42 course work and mathematics scores of 17-year-olds, 120 course work by public high school graduates in mathematics and science, 134 distribution in public schools, 94

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

756

APPENDIX C: Index of Table Numbers

with doctor’s degrees, 267, 268, 269, 295–301 dropouts from high school, 105 educational attainment, 8, 9, 12 employment of high school seniors, 371 enrollment distribution in public schools by state, 38 estimates of resident population by, 16 family characteristics of, 19 with first-professional degrees, 270, 271, 272 high school graduates and dropouts, 103 Internet usage, 417 labor force status of high school dropouts, 373 leisure activities of high school sophomores, 137 with master’s degrees, 264, 265, 266 mathematics scores by age, 119 percentage of population enrolled in school, 6 postsecondary institutions employment in, 224 enrollment in, 181, 184, 205, 206, 208, 209 faculty in, 227, 231, 233 poverty rates, 21 in public charter and traditional public schools, 99

reading scores, 111 reading scores of fourth-graders, 112 SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) scores for college-bound seniors, 126 science achievement levels of eighth-graders in public schools, 124 unemployment rate, 370 violence and drug use on school property, 144 Women’s colleges, 216 Work experience. See also Teaching experience computer usage, 421 of principals, 83 Work load of faculty in postsecondary institutions, 228, 229 Writing proficiency levels by grade, 114 Year-round schools, 147 Years of school completed, by level of attainment, 8. See also Educational attainment Zoology, 276

DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2005

U.S. Department of Education ED Pubs 8242-B Sandy Court Jessup, MD 20794-1398 Official Business Penalty for Private Use, $300

U.S. POSTAGE PAID U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION PERMIT NO. G-17