RAND HRS Data Documentation, Version J

RAND RAND HRS Data Documentation, Version J Patricia St.Clair, Darlene Blake, Delia Bugliari, Sandy Chien, Orla Hayden, Michael Hurd, Serhii Ilchuk, Fuan-Yue Kung, Angela Miu, Constantijn Panis, Philip Pantoja, Afshin Rastegar, Susann Rohwedder, Elizabeth Roth, Joanna Carroll, Julie Zissimopoulos

June 2010 Funded by the Social Security Administration and the National Institute on Aging

Labor & Population Program RAND Center for the Study of Aging

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Preface The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a longitudinal household survey data set for the study of retirement and health among the elderly in the United States. It is extraordinarily rich and complex. With the goal of making the data more accessible to researchers, the RAND Center for the Study of Aging, with funding and support from the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and the Social Security Administration (SSA), created the RAND HRS data files. This document describes the RAND HRS data. The RAND HRS is a user-friendly version of a subset of the HRS. It contains cleaned and processed variables with consistent and intuitive naming conventions, model-based imputations and imputation flags, and spousal counterparts of most individual-level variables. All is elaborately documented, with special attention to comparability of variables across survey waves. The RAND HRS is the result of three distinct data developments. With funding from the NIA, we created so-called Fat Files of each survey wave. In these files, the unit of observation is an individual respondent. They contain most unrestricted HRS Variables. Household-level variables were assigned to its member records, information about spouses that was collected from the financially knowledgeable household member was re-assigned to the spousal record, and many data integrity checks were performed. With funding from the SSA, we created a longitudinal file with consistent naming conventions and imputations. Unlike the Fat Files, this longitudinal file contained only a subset of variables. It also contained some restricted variables. With subsequent funding from SSA through the Michigan Retirement Research Center (MRRC), we removed restricted data from the longitudinal file, added new cohorts and survey waves, new variables, and, in collaboration with HRS staff, made the file publicly available on the HRS website. The RAND Center for the Study of Aging web site is http://www.rand.org/labor/aging. The NIA-sponsored Fat Files may be requested from its Data Products section (http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/dataprod), where these files are described in more detail. The initial SSA-sponsored longitudinal file is not publicly available. The RAND HRS data file may be downloaded from the HRS website (http://hrsonline.isr.umich.edu/data/index.html) under “RAND Contributions.” We are grateful for the continuing support of and funding from the NIA and SSA. In gaining access to and interpreting the HRS, we greatly benefited from the help and insights of HRS staff members. In particular, we thank Bob Willis, Cathy Liebowitz, Michael Nolte, David Weir, Thomas Juster, Dorothy Nordness, Marita Servais, Dave Howell, Honggao Cao, Janet Keller, Theresa Norgard, Tom Blackburn, Gwenith Fisher, and Jody Schimmel. We also acknowledge Howard Iams (SSA) and John Phillips (SSA) for their guidance and suggestions on the file structure and distribution process. Howard Iams, Melissa Koenig, Sharmila Choudhury, Irena Dushi of SSA continued to provide valuable input with their suggestions for additional variables, including measures regarding pensions, poverty, and retirement. We thank Kanika Kapur, Jeannette

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Rogowski, and Nicole Maestas at RAND for their guidance and suggestions for additional health insurance variables, and Lionel Deang of SSA for his input on these variables. We also thank Deborah Wesley for her ongoing role in distribution of fat files, cross-wave variable comparisons, and other programmer support. Diana Malouf assisted in administrative matters. Michael Nolte at HRS and Michele Welsing at RAND were instrumental in coordinating the details of the data distribution, and Jimmy Chang at RAND provided technical assistance. We thank all the analysts using the data who have alerted us to problems and given us suggestions. Specifically we thank the following people for their close attention to particular measures in Ver J: Kathleen McGarry (disability flags and income differences) and Ver H: Erik Meijer (disability application status) and Vipul Bhatt (total years worked). Previous versions of the data file benefited from the input of Steven Haider, Constantijn Panis, David Loughran, Nicole Maestas, Xiaoyan Li, Eric French, Christy Thompson, Ann Huff Stevens, Daver Kahvecioglu, Bob Weathers, Peiyun She, David Stapleton, Donna MacIsaac, Vicki Freedman, Jennifer Cornman, Yuyan Shi, and Melissa Rayner.

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Contents PREFACE.............................................................................................................2 WHAT’S NEW IN VERSION J?............................................................................6 1. 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4.

INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW ............................................................9 Confidentiality and Access Restrictions .....................................................10 Data Files Structure......................................................................................11 Variable Naming Conventions.....................................................................12 Missing Values ..............................................................................................13

2. CONCEPTUAL VARIABLES ....................................................................14 2.1. Health Indices................................................................................................14 2.1.1. Functional Limitations .................................................................................. 14 2.1.2. Mental Health (RwCESD)............................................................................... 15 2.1.3. Health Conditions (RwCONDE)...................................................................... 15 2.1.4. Body Mass (RwBMI)...................................................................................... 16 2.2. Health Change...............................................................................................16 2.2.1. Change in Overall Health.............................................................................. 17 2.2.2. Change in Functional Limitations................................................................. 17 2.2.3. Change in Diagnoses of Specific Health Conditions.................................... 17 2.2.4. Change in Assessment of Relative Mortality................................................ 17 2.3. Health Care Utilization and Medical Expenditures ..................................18 2.4. Wages .............................................................................................................21 3. WEALTH AND INCOME IMPUTATIONS..................................................24 3.1. Background ...................................................................................................24 3.2. Imputation Process .......................................................................................26 3.2.1. Ownership Imputation .................................................................................. 27 3.2.2. Bracket Imputation........................................................................................ 28 3.2.3. Amount Imputation....................................................................................... 28 3.2.4. Covariates ..................................................................................................... 29 3.3. Substantive Differences Across Waves .......................................................31 4. 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4.

POVERTY THRESHOLD DEFINITIONS AND HRS MEASURES ............34 Method ...........................................................................................................35 Summary of Data Issues...............................................................................36 Variables Included on the File.....................................................................36 Imputing Household Member Income........................................................37

5. 5.1. 5.2. 5.3.

SOCIAL SECURITY AND SSI DISABILITY EPISODES...........................39 Program Type ...............................................................................................40 Episode Status ...............................................................................................40 Episode Dates ................................................................................................41

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5.4. 6.

Variables........................................................................................................42 STRUCTURE OF CODEBOOK.................................................................44

7. DISTRIBUTION AND TECHNICAL NOTES..............................................47 7.1. Distribution files for Web Download ..........................................................47 7.2. Programs and Macros ..................................................................................48 7.3. The SAS Format Library.............................................................................50 7.3.1. Using (or Not Using) the SAS formats ......................................................... 51 7.3.2. Consumer Price Index (CPI-U)..................................................................... 51 7.4. Using the Data with Other HRS Files .........................................................52 8: DATA CODEBOOK...................................................................................53 Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights .....................................................59 Section B: Health............................................................................................................221 Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth...................................................................521 Section D: Income ..........................................................................................................586 Section E: Social Security..............................................................................................721 Section F: Pension ..........................................................................................................781 Section G: Health Insurance .........................................................................................814 Section H: Family Structure .........................................................................................874 Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations....................................................................890 Section J: Employment History....................................................................................956 APPENDIX A, VERSION J.............................................................................1070 Section A: Demographics ............................................................................................1070 Section B: Health..........................................................................................................1072 Sections C and D: Income and Wealth Imputations.................................................1073 Section E: Employment History .................................................................................1093

Tables Table 1. Source of data for entry cohorts in RAND HRS Data file by wave. .................. 11 Table 2. Missing Codes..................................................................................................... 13 Table 3. Distribution of Response Types on Stock Holdings (HRS 1994)....................... 24 Table 4. Response Types and Required Imputations........................................................ 27 Table 5. Load Factors on First Two Principal Components ............................................. 30 Table 6. Disability episode variables ................................................................................ 42

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What’s New in Version J? Important note to users who downloaded the March 2010 release of Version J: The most recent release (June 2010) corrects a problem found in variables related to Social Security receipt. Specifically, we corrected the variables on whether the respondent or spouse has ever received Social Security (RASSRECV, SASSRECV) and the age it was first received (RASSAGEB, RASSAGEM, SASSAGEB, and SASSAGEM). The problem originated in not properly taking into account 2008 data in the derivation of these variables, so the correction changes most cases from not receiving to receiving Social Security. This change affects roughly 930 cases for the respondent variables, and about 730 cases for the spouse variables. Version J incorporates the Early Release V1 for 2008. It also makes adjustments and corrections. The current versions of the core data used in Version J are: - 1992 Final V1.01 - 1993 Final V2.1 - 1994 Final V1.0 1 - 1995 Final V2.0 - 1996 Final V4.0 - 1998 Final V2.3 - 2000 Final V1.0 2 - 2002 Final V2.0 - 2004 Final V1.0 - 2006 Final Release V2.0 - 2008 Early Release V1.0 - Tracker 2008 V1.0 (December 2009) - 2008 Geographic Region Information, also known as Cross-Wave Region and Mobility File V2.0 (December 2009) - Master ID File V5 (December 2009) We have made the following adjustments, improvements, and corrections to the data and documentation: -

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Health Conditions, Memory related disease: Up to Wave 9, if respondents reported a memory-related disease in a previous wave, this question was skipped. In Wave 9, this is no longer the case. All re-interviewees are now asked this question and given the opportunity to dispute previous answers. Additional detail on this variable can be found in Section B: Health: Doctor diagnosed health problems: Memory-related disease.

Beginning in Version F, we drop respondents from the 1994 HRS publicly distributed files who are flagged as deceased on the Tracker file. 175 of these 176 dropped cases were actually exit interviews rather than core interviews. The exit interviews were flagged with INW2=2 in prior versions. 2 We have deleted one case from the 2000 V1.0 file, who was later discovered to be a roommate rather than a partner, according to HRS (January 28, 2005 Data Alert). This case was included in the early release of 2002 but dropped in the final release. We have also changed the HHIDPN for one case from 75573041 to 75573010 according to HRS (November 21, 2005 Data Alert), and adjusted the appropriate spouse ID.

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Health Conditions, Doctor diagnosed health problems: We made some corrections to RwCONDEF and RwCONDSF. RwCONDS is the count of the onset of new individual conditions since the last interview to which R responded. RwCONDSF counts the number of values that were changed due to disputes. RwCONDE gives the number of conditions a doctor has ever told the respondent they have .RwCONDEF counts how many individual condition reports in the sum were changed because of disputes. The correction decreases the number of conditions that changed due to disputes. Please see Appendix A” for a table that describes the number of cases, by wave, that changed as a result of this improvement to the code.

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Disability Flag: We have noticed that Social Security disability reported in the HRS Disability section is not always reported in the Assets and Income section and vice versa. We now include a variable in this dataset called RADISABF that quantifies and explains these differences. A detailed description of this new variable can be found in Section E: Social Security.

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Pension in Current Job: In 2008, the Pension section questionnaire was rewritten .The skip patterns are a lot less complicated and we also collect less information than in previous waves. Now everyone is asked if they have a pension at the beginning of the section and so we no longer need RwJCPENF (Further info on JCPEN) as there is only one way R is asked this question. We are creating two new sets of variables: R9PTYPD1-4 (Current pension type in detail #1-4) and R9PTYPF1-4 (Does pension type match detail? #1-4). R9PTYPD1-4 tells us what R’s employer calls the pension plan. R9PTYPF1-4 tells us if R can correctly match R9PTYP1 to R9PTYPD1. In other works, if R says his employer calls his plan a 401K plan, does R also say his pension plan is a DC plan? A detailed description of these new variables can be found in Section F: Pension Retirement Variables: In 2008, the following variables are not available because the questions were not asked: R9INHER: R Prob inheritance nxt 10 yr; R9FINPLN: R Financial planning horizon; R9RISK: R Income Risk Aversion; R9RISK6: R Income Risk Avers/6-categ.

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Miscellaneous: Small corrections have been made to income and asset imputations. Specifically, we made some improvements to the macro that performs bracket imputations. The logistic regression that is run in this step models the probability of attaining a particular bracket level. For this to work appropriately, the bracket levels in the model must be ordered from lowest to highest. This was not occurring for households with no financial respondent. We also changed the manner in which receipt (or “ownership”) of lump sums during the last calendar year is assigned. Previously, we had been setting cases to “No income” when the year of the lump sum payment was unknown. However, we now set them to “Don’t know ownership”. The result is that these cases will be

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eligible for ownership imputation, though looking over past waves ownership is rarely if ever assigned. We have also revised Appendix A in this document, which lists details of special cases and effects of changes and corrections. The RAND/HRS data project is committed to producing high quality data for analysis. To this end, we have employed many innovative programming and quality assurance techniques including paired peer programming, standardized macros, and independent review. If you do, however, notice any undocumented discrepancies or apparent problems with the data, please let us know by e-mailing us ([email protected]). Though we have attempted to derive measures that are consistent across waves, the underlying HRS data do not always allow this. Some of the native inconsistencies are present in our derived measures, but should be documented in detail in this codebook. Before using any measure comparatively across interview years, please be sure to read the variable description in this codebook carefully, particularly the sections on “How Constructed” and “Cross Wave Differences in the Original HRS Data” that are included for each variable. If there are cross wave differences that we have not documented, please let us know ([email protected]). In the future we plan to implement the following changes and additions: -

Total Medical Expenditure Brackets: In Version F we added the reported total medical expenditure brackets as categorical variables for Waves 3 to 6 (RwTOTMB), and a version of this variable that imputes complete brackets when needed (RwTOTMBI). The question about total medical expenditures is not asked from wave 7 and forward. The continuous total medical expenditures are imputed in this version of the RAND HRS up to Wave 6, but we plan to drop these imputations in future releases due to concerns about the quality of the imputations based on limited information. We will continue to impute out-ofpocket expenses.

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Improvements to Income and Wealth Imputations: The improvements to the income and wealth imputations made for Version J have been applied only in Wave 9. We examined trends over time to assess the compatibility with imputations in earlier waves, and found that the trends (e.g., increases or decreases in income and wealth components) made sense. However, we plan to implement these and other improvements to prior waves in coming releases.

1. Introduction and Overview

1.

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Introduction and Overview

This report documents the RAND HRS Data files, a cleaned, processed, and streamlined collection of variables derived from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The HRS is a national panel survey of individuals over age 50 and their spouses. Its main goal is to provide panel data that enable research and analysis in support of policies on retirement, health insurance, saving, and economic well-being. The survey elicits information about demographics, income, assets, health, cognition, family structure and connections, health care utilization and costs, housing, job status and history, expectations, and insurance. The HRS is primarily sponsored by the National Institute of Aging (NIA) and administered by the Institute for Social Research (ISR) at the University of Michigan. It consists of five cohorts: • • • • •

Initial HRS cohort, born 1931 to 1941. This cohort was first interviewed in 1992 and subsequently every two years. AHEAD cohort, born before 1924, initially a separate study (The Study of Assets and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old). This cohort was first interviewed in 1993 and subsequently in 1995, 1998, and subsequently every two years. Children of Depression (CODA) cohort, born 1924 to 1930. This cohort was first interviewed in 1998 and subsequently every two years. War Baby (WB) cohort, born 1942 to 1947. This cohort was also first interviewed in 1998 and subsequently every two years. Early Baby Boomer (EBB) cohort, born 1948 to 1953. This cohort was first interviewed in 2004.

In addition to respondents from eligible birth years, the survey interviewed the spouses of married respondents or the partner of a respondent, regardless of age. Some of the HRS and AHEAD entry cohort respondents were spouses of HRS- and AHEAD-eligible individuals who are age-eligible for the CODA or WB cohorts. These HRS and AHEAD spouses are given weights beginning in 1998 (Wave 4) so that they contribute to the representation of the CODA/WB birth year population. Some spouses of the initial HRS entry cohort respondents were age 70 or older and were subsequently included in the AHEAD study. These so-called HRS/AHEAD overlap cases may thus have been interviewed in 1992, 1993, 1995, and from 1998 forward. The RAND HRS, Version J, contains all five cohorts. This document refers to the entire survey as the HRS and the 1931-41 cohort that was first interviewed in 1992 is labeled the “initial” or “original” HRS entry cohort. The HRS contains several auxiliary files. The RAND HRS data file only incorporates the core interviews. It does not include exit interviews or any restricted data, but does use information from the 2008 Tracker File (Version 1.0), the 2008 Region and Mobility file (Final Ver 2.0), and the 2008 Master ID file (Version 1.0).

1. Introduction and Overview

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The data include any individual interviewed at least once. This includes individuals who were age-eligible (born in eligible years) at the time of their first interview, spouses that were not age-eligible at baseline, and spouses who married an age-eligible respondent between survey waves. The HRS over-samples Hispanics, Blacks, and residents of Florida, and provides weighting variables to make it representative of the community-based population. As of 2010, eleven waves of data are available for study. The data described in this document are based on 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008 early data release.

1.1.

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Confidentiality and Access Restrictions

The data described in this document are based on HRS public release files. Before using the data, you must have obtained permission from ISR by registering with them for downloading the public release files. By registering with ISR you agree to the “Conditions of Use” governing access to the data. This agreement applies to the use of the RAND HRS data as well. RESTRICTED DATA USERS, PLEASE NOTE: If you are using any HRS/AHEAD restricted data such as SSA data, you should check whether you may merge them with the RAND HRS Data. If you intend to use the RAND HRS Data with restricted data please contact Cathy Liebowitz ([email protected]) at ISR before doing so. Restricted data users are reminded that ISR must be informed of any data files used in conjunction with restricted data. There are NO RESTRICTED DATA on the RAND HRS data set.

The HRS website contains information on the processes to register for access to HRS public release data (http://hrsonline.isr.umich.edu).

1. Introduction and Overview

1.2.

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Data Files Structure

The RAND HRS Data are distributed as a single file which includes the first nine waves of the HRS, or, for Stata Intercooled users, as nine separate files each containing one wave of data. The data contain respondents within the HRS, AHEAD, CODA, WB, and EBB entry cohorts. Table 1 lists the source year of data for each of the entry cohorts, by wave. The 1993 data are treated as Wave 2 data and the 1995 data are treated as Wave 3 data for the AHEAD entry cohort. The 1994 data are treated as Wave 2 data and the 1996 data are treated as Wave 3 data for the HRS entry cohort. The AHEAD and HRS survey instruments in these years differed significantly. This documentation distinguishes between the instruments by using Wave 2A and Wave 3A to refer to the 1993 and 1995 data for the AHEAD entry cohort , and Wave 2H and Wave 3H to refer to the 1994 and 1996 data for the HRS entry cohort. Table 1. Source of Data for Entry Cohorts in RAND HRS Data File by Wave. Wave

Entry Cohort HRS

AHEAD

CODA

WB

EBB

HACOHORT=3

HACOHORT=0,1

HACOHORT=2

HACOHORT=4

HACOHORT=5

1 1992 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1994 (Wave 2H) 1996 (Wave 3H) 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

1992 (HRS/AHEAD overlaps only 1993 (Wave 2A) 1995 (Wave 3A) 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

Not available

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

Not available Not available 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

Not available 2004 2006 2008

The unit of observation is an individual. Each individual is uniquely identified by a household ID (HHID) and a person number (PN). We combined these variables into a single ID variable, HHIDPN (HHIDPN: HHold ID + Person Number /Num), where 3 HHIDPN = 1000*HHID+PN. This file may be merged with other HRS data by HHIDPN. The RAND HRS Data file is distributed in SAS, Stata, and SPSS formats, as one file that includes all nine waves. The file is also provided in Stata format as nine separate wavespecific files. To use the file that includes all variables from the nine waves with Stata, one must have Stata Special Edition (SE). Intercooled versions of Stata limit the number of variables in its files, and can only use the nine wave-specific files if all variables are

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This HHIDPN variable is numeric. Also available is RAHHIDPN (RAHHIDPN: HHold ID + Person Num /9Char), its 9-character string equivalent.

1. Introduction and Overview

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kept, or a limited number of variables from the longitudinal file. Please see “Distribution and Technical Notes” for more information on using these files.

1.3.

Variable Naming Conventions

With few exceptions, variable names in the RAND HRS Data follow a consistent pattern. The first character indicates whether the variable refers to the reference person (“R”), spouse (“S”), or the household (“H”). 4 The second character indicates the wave to which the variable pertains: “1”, “2”, “3”, “4”, “5”, “6”, “7”, “8”, “9” or “A”. The “A” indicates “all,” i.e., the variable is not specific to any single wave. An example is RABDATE, the birth date of the respondent. The remaining characters describe the concept that the variable captures. For example: S2HLTHLM

Health problem limiting work Wave 2 (1993 and 1994) Spouse Variable S2HLTHLM captures whether the spouse of the reference person experiences an impairment or health problem that limits the kind or amount of paid work he/she can do. The name of the variable does not indicate who provided the information. For example, the spouse’s health problem may have been reported by the spouse himself or herself, or it may have been reported by the reference person as a proxy. The HRS obtains many variables, particularly on financial and family matters, by proxy. In the text below, we may refer to variables such as SwHLTHLM for example, without specifying the wave. This reference points at the group of variables S1HLTHLM, S2HLTHLM, S3HLTHLM, S4HLTHLM, S5HLTHLM, S6HLTHLM, S7HLTHLM, S8HLTHLM AND S9HLTHLM. Variable labels also follow a consistent pattern. The first characters denote the name of the variable, followed by a colon. Then follows the wave to which the variable pertains (W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6, W7, W8 OR W9). The remainder of the label describes the concept that the variable captures. For example, the variable label of S2HLTHLM is: S2HLTHLM:W2 Hlth problems limit work

It may seem duplicative to include the name of the variable and the wave in the variable label. However, SAS often suppresses the variable name and instead uses its label in the presentation of results.

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The reference person need not be the person who responded to the question. It is the person whose information is central to the data file observation.

1. Introduction and Overview

1.4.

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Missing Values

Variables may contain missing values for several reasons. SAS and Stata offer the capability to distinguish multiple types of missing values, and we have attempted to record as much information as possible. Generally, the codes adhere to the classification in Table 2. Table 2. Missing Codes Code . .D .R .X .Q .U .V .S .M

Reason for missing Reference person did not respond to this wave Don’t know Refused Does not apply (specifics depend on variable) Data not available because of HRS and AHEAD survey instrument differences in Wave 2 or 3 Reference person is not married (for spouse variables) Spouse did not respond this wave (for spousal variables) Information not available due to skip patterns, typically because the interview is by proxy respondent Other missing

The coding scheme varies across variables. Consult the codebook in the Appendix for details on individual variables. Stata introduced the ability to distinguish multiple types of missing values in its Version 8. The RAND HRS files in Stata format are for use with Version 8 or later.

2. Conceptual Variables

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Conceptual Variables

Only a few variables in the RAND HRS Data files are unchanged copies of raw HRS variables. Most variables have undergone some processing, and many are the result of more than one HRS variable. Generally, the codebook indicates the names of HRS variables that were used to construct the relevant variable. Some variables, such as RwJLTEN (tenure on longest job) and RwMLEN (duration of longest marriage) required elaborate manipulation of many variables from several sections of the HRS, but are conceptually straightforward. This section documents variables whose construction involved substantive judgments of key research concepts: health, health change, medical expenditures, and wages.

2.1.

Health Indices

We define and derive four groups of health indices: several functional limitation indices, one depression index, one health problem index, and a body mass index. A description of each index follows. 2.1.1. Functional Limitations The RAND HRS Data contain six primary functional limitation indices. We chose these indices for their comparability with studies that measure functional limitations, our assessment of their quality, and for consistency across survey waves. We first derive a variable that indicates if the respondent had difficulty performing a task (0=no difficulty; 1=difficulty). The exact question asked of the respondent varies slightly across the survey waves. The responses defined by HRS are quite different in Wave 1 compared to other waves, so we do not include these measures for Wave 1 5. Our measure of difficulty is defined to be comparable across the rest of the waves. The codebook provides details on the definition and calculation of ‘difficulty’ for all waves. All indices are the sum of the number of difficulties a respondent has completing a particular set of tasks and uses a definition of difficulty that is comparable across waves. Each index and the set of tasks used in the index are defined below. The variable name, for an unspecified wave, is given in parenthesis next to the index name. Mobility (RwMOBILA): The five tasks included in the mobility index are walking several blocks, walking one block, walking across the room, climbing several flights of stairs and climbing one flight of stairs. Note that this index is missing for Ahead entry cohort

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For Wave 1 only, we provide another measure of difficulty as defined in Wallace and Herzog (1995). The names of variables using this definition end in the letter “W”. These are not comparable to the “some difficulty” measures in other waves.

2. Conceptual Variables

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respondents and their spouses in Wave 2, because one or more of the elements in the index is not available in Wave 2A. Large Muscle (RwLGMUSA): The four tasks included in the large muscle index are sitting for two hours, getting up from a chair, stooping or kneeling or crouching, and pushing or pulling a large object. Note that this index is missing for Ahead entry cohort respondents and their spouses in Wave 2, because one or more of the elements in the index is not available in Wave 2A. Activities of Daily Living (RwADLWA, RwADLA): We define two activities of daily living indices. RwADLWA follows Wallace and Herzog (1995) and includes the three tasks bathing, eating, and dressing. RwADLA includes the five tasks bathing, eating, dressing, walking across a room, and getting in or out of bed. Gross Motor Skills (RwGROSSA): The four tasks in this index are chosen because of their consistency across waves. They include walking one block, walking across the room, climbing one flight of stairs, and bathing. Note that this index is missing for Ahead entry cohort respondents and their spouses in Wave 2, because one or more of the elements in the index is not available in Wave 2A. Fine Motor Skills (RwFINEA): The three tasks included in this index are picking up a dime, eating, and dressing. Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (RwIADLA, RwLMCOGA, RwIADLZA): Not all waves ask the same Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) tasks. The usual IADLs were not asked in Wave 1. RwIADLA is consistent across all survey waves starting with Wave 2 and include using a telephone, taking medication, and handling money. The tasks of RwIADLZA are asked in Waves 2A and from Wave 3 forward and include using a telephone, taking medication, handling money, shopping, preparing meals. 2.1.2. Mental Health (RwCESD) We derive one mental health index, RwCESD, using a score on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD) scale. The CESD score (RwCESD) is the sum of five “negative” indicators minus two “positive” indicators. The negative indicators measure whether the respondent experienced the following sentiments all or most of the time: depression, everything is an effort, sleep is restless, felt alone, felt sad, and could not get going. The positive indicators measure whether the respondent felt happy and enjoyed life, all or most of the time. In Wave 1 the allowable responses to these questions are quite different that those in other waves, so this measure is not derived for Wave 1. 2.1.3. Health Conditions (RwCONDE)

2. Conceptual Variables

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We derive one health problem index, RWCONDE that is the sum of indicators for whether a doctor has ever told the respondent that he or she has ever had a particular disease. The eight included diseases are high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, lung disease, heart disease, stroke, psychiatric problems, and arthritis. In interviews after the baseline, prior responses were preloaded. 6 Each disease condition indicator variable has a corresponding flag variable that indicates whether the respondent disputed the previous wave’s indicator and whether the respondent later denied having the condition through such a dispute. Note that the RwCONDE time series is not appropriate for tracking changes in the prevalence over time and the individual variables without disputes incorporated should be used instead. These are available as a series of variables that recode the raw responses found in the HRS data. 2.1.4. Body Mass (RwBMI) We derive one body mass index (RwBMI) that is calculated as weight divided by the square of height. Height is converted into meters and weight into kilograms. Beginning in Wave 3, height is only asked of new respondents, but weight is asked in every wave. For respondents being re-interviewed, height is carried forward from their first interview.

2.2.

Health Change

We define and derive four groups of indices for health change: overall health, functional limitations, diagnosis, and subjective mortality risks. The health change indices are chosen for their quality in assessing health change and for their consistency across waves. Health change is calculated as health status in the current wave minus health status in the previous wave. If a respondent did not answer a health question in a certain wave (item non-response), the corresponding health change variable in that wave is set to missing. Similarly, if a respondent did not participate at all in a certain wave (interview non-response), the corresponding health change variable in that wave is set to missing. If he did participate in the next wave, the health change variable of that next wave will be based on the most recent wave in which the respondent participated, i.e., the change pertains to a change over four years instead of two. (Should the response to the health question in that most recent participatory wave be missing, the change will also be missing.) Separate flag variables indicate how many interviews were missed prior to the current wave. Additional flag variables are included to indicate that the respondent disputed preloaded information.

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The term “preloading” refers to information from a prior wave that the interviewer uses to prompt the respondent. For example, suppose a respondent indicated in Wave 2 that he had been diagnosed with diabetes. In Wave 3 questions, the interviewer will use this information. Typically, the respondent is allowed to challenge preloaded information.

2. Conceptual Variables

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2.2.1. Change in Overall Health Change in Self Reported Health (RwSHLTC): These variables measure the change in selfreports of health categories excellent, very good, good, fair, poor. The health categories are numbered from 1 (excellent) to 5 (poor), so that positive values of the change in selfreported health denote deterioration. This measure is not available in the baseline wave. Self Report of Health Change (RwHLTC): The HRS also directly asks about changes in health. The responses may be much better (1), somewhat better (2), same (3), somewhat worse (4), and much worse (5). Higher values denote a health deterioration. In Wave 1 for the HRS entry cohort and Wave 2 for the AHEAD entry cohort, the change in health is relative to one year ago; in subsequent waves, the changes are relative to the previous interview, two years ago. 2.2.2. Change in Functional Limitations Activities of Daily Living (RwADLC): This variable measures the change in the index for activities of daily living (RwADLA). See above for more information on this index. It is not available in the baseline wave. Because of problems in the underlying HRS data, it is not available until Wave 3 for the HRS entry cohort. Gross Motor Skills (RwGROSSC): This variable measures the change in the index for gross motor skills (RwGROSSA). See above for more information on this index. It is not available in the baseline wave. Because of problems in the underlying HRS data, it is not available until Wave 3 for the HRS entry cohort. Fine Motor Skills (RwFINEC): This variable measures the change in the index for fine motor skills (RwFINEA). See above for more information on this index. It is not available in the baseline wave. Because of problems in the underlying HRS data, it is not available until Wave 3 for the HRS entry cohort. 2.2.3. Change in Diagnoses of Specific Health Conditions We derive one set of variables that measure the increase in the number of health conditions since the last interview. The number of health conditions (high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, lung disease, heart disease, stroke, psychiatric problems, arthritis) is captured in variables RwCONDE (see above); the increase since the last interview is in RwCONDS. It is not available in the baseline wave. 2.2.4. Change in Assessment of Relative Mortality Change in Relative Probability of Living to Age 75 or 85 (RwLIV75C, RwLIV85C): We constructed two sets of variables that measure change in relative mortality risk. The HRS

2. Conceptual Variables

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asks for subjective probabilities of living to age 75 and to age 85. We first computed the ratio of these reported probabilities to the probability implied by the annual Vital Statistics life tables (controlling for age and sex). The annual table used corresponds to the interview year, except for 2006 and 2008. The 2006 and 2008 Life Tables are not yet available; for these years the 2004 Life Table is used In earlier versions, we used the 2003 Life Tables for interview years 2004 and 2006. We then took the difference in these relative mortality risks between waves. These indices are not available in the baseline wave. In Waves 2A (AHEAD 1993), 3A (AHEAD 1995), and from Wave 5 (HRS 2000) forward, the wording for the question analogous to the subjective probability of living to age 85 changed significantly enough that the change variable is no longer longitudinally consistent. Please see the description of these variables in the Data Codebook Appendix for more details.

2.3.

Health Care Utilization and Medical Expenditures

The construction of health care utilization and medical expenditures variables is complicated by differences in the questions across waves. In Wave 1 (1992), respondents were asked about hospital stays, nursing home stays, doctor visits, and home health care in the twelve months prior to the interview. For each service, the respondent was also asked to quantify their use (e.g., nights in hospital, number of doctor visits). There were no questions about the costs of those services. In Wave 2H (1994), the respondents were asked about the same types of services, plus prescription drug use, for the two years between survey waves. In addition, they were asked whether the care was covered fully or partly by insurance and to estimate the out-of-pocket expenditures for all services combined. If the respondent did not provide an exact amount, unfolding bracket questions were asked. Wave 3H expanded this section substantially with three additional service categories: outpatient surgery, dental care, and special facility services. As in Wave 2H, it also asked whether the costs of these services were fully or partly covered by insurance. Wave 3H then asked respondents to estimate out-of-pocket expenditures for four groups of services: hospital/nursing, doctor/outpatient/dental, prescription drugs, and home health care/special facilities. Finally, it asked for an estimate of total medical costs (out-of-pocket plus covered expenditures) for all medical services combined since the previous interview. If the respondent did not provide an exact amount to any expenditure question, the usual unfolding bracket follow-up questions were asked. Waves 4 and 5 follow the Wave 3H structure for the out of pocket (OOP) expenditures. From Wave 6 forward, the questions ask about each type of OOP expenditure separately, so the services are: hospital, nursing home, doctor visits, dental care, outpatient surgery, prescription drugs, home health care, and special facilities. Starting Wave 8, information about Medicare Part D is collected. Two questions ask those covered by Part D if their use or costs of prescription drugs changed. If the answer to either of these questions is yes, then two average monthly out of pocket amounts are collected, one for the 12 months prior to coverage under Part D and the other for the time after. If the respondent is not enrolled in

2. Conceptual Variables

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Part D or did not report any change the usual single question about monthly out of pocket expenses is asked. From Wave 4 to Wave 6, an exact amount of total expenditures is not asked; all respondents were directed into unfolding bracket questions. Starting Wave 7, there are no questions about total medical expenditures. For the AHEAD entry cohort the questions in Wave 2A (1993) differed substantially from those asked in Wave 2H (HRS entry cohort in 1994), but the Wave 3A (1995) questions mirrored those asked in Wave 3H (1996), except that an exact amount of total expenditures was not asked. Because 1993 is the baseline year for this cohort, Wave 2A respondents are asked about medical services in the twelve months prior to the interview. The questions ask about hospital stays, nursing home stays, doctor visits, and prescription drug use, as in Wave 2H, but also ask about outpatient surgery, dental care, and special facility services, so has information about the same types of services as Waves 3H, 4, and 5. However, in 1993, the Financial Respondent was asked some medical utilization and all medical expenditure questions, which differs from all other waves. In addition, each respondent was asked some utilization questions 7. Questions asked only of the Financial Respondent yield household-level data, and those asked of all respondents yield respondent-level data 8. The Wave 2A Financial Respondent was asked to estimate outof-pocket expenses for only two categories: nursing home stays and all other medical expenditures without specific reference to any of the reported utilization. Both of these estimates were for the household, not the individual, so for a couple household, they included the out-of-pocket expenses for two people. No questions asked about total medical expenditures. We impute a consistent measure of out-of-pocket and total (out-of-pocket plus insurancecovered) medical expenditures across all waves using the following method. The variable names are RwOOPMD for total out-of-pocket and RwTOTMD for total expenditures. We start by imputing out-of-pocket expenditures in the service categories in Waves 3 forward. If an individual reports using a given service category and reports having partial or no insurance for that category, we take the exact expenditure he/she reports. We do not impute utilization. Approximately half of those who report using a given service did not provide an exact amount; for those cases, we impute an exact amount using bracketed responses. The imputation algorithm is the same as used for income and wealth, excluding “ownership” imputation; see Section 3. 9 The imputation 7

In 1993, each respondent was asked questions about hospital stays and their duration, nursing home stays and their duration, doctor’s visits and their number, outpatient surgery, dental care, and prescription drugs and their quantity. The Financial Respondent was asked questions about whether either in a couple had any hospital stays, nursing home stays, doctor visits, outpatient surgery, dental care, prescription drugs, home health care, and other services, but was not asked to quantify any of these. 8 Note that when both levels are available the Financial Respondent’s household-level information may not agree with the information given by individual respondents in all cases. If there is any disagreement, the respondent’s own report is used. Where necessary and possible for utilization variables, we use household level data to fill missing spouse information. 9 However, since the HRS did not ask for the exact amount of total expenditures, we cannot impute these amounts by the nearest neighbor approach. Instead, we estimate an ordered probit model and impute based

2. Conceptual Variables

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model predictors are age, age-squared, education, subjective health status, gender, marital status, race, whether an individual has any health insurance, whether an individual reported a hospital or nursing home stay, number of doctor visits, and whether the hospital, nursing, or doctor visit data are missing. Individuals who report not using a given service category or having full coverage are assigned a value of zero for that category. Out-of-pocket expenditures are summed across service categories to calculate total out-of-pocket expenditures. The procedure produces an imputed value for out-ofpocket for all individuals in the sample, including those with missing data. The measures capture expenditures for all medical services combined. We use the same method to impute total medical expenditures for all medical services combined in Waves 3 to 6. In Waves 3A, and from Wave 4 to 6, all values for total medical expenditures are imputed based on the bracket information collected. We plan to drop the total medical expenditure imputation of a continuous value in future versions of the RAND HRS except for Wave 3H, and we do not impute it for Wave 7 forward. To help the transition to this future omission, we introduce variables that represent the bracketed value reported for total medical expenditures (RwTOTMB) for Waves 3 to 6. We impute complete brackets when incomplete bracket information is provided (RwTOTMBI) using the normal imputation methods. For Wave 2A, we start by imputing out-of-pocket expenditures in the two service categories in Wave 2A, nursing home expenses and all other medical expenses, both of which are reported for the household. If the Financial Respondent failed to provide an exact amount, bracketed responses are available for both these categories. For this wave, the out-of-pocket expense also needs to be allocated to individuals in couple households. Only one couple reported both having any nursing home stay. In this case, the household-level expense was allocated to the individuals based on the relative length of all stays. For all other households, the individual who had the nursing home stay was allocated the household level amount. The imputation process was then carried out as described above at the individual level for out-of-pocket nursing home expense. The imputation for all other medical expenses is carried out at the household level first, and then allocated to individuals in a second step. For consistency with other waves, values are derived for non-nursing home out-of-pocket expenses only if an individual reports using at least one service category other than nursing home stay, and reports having partial or no insurance for any of those categories. If given, we take the exact expenditure reported. If an exact amount wasn’t reported, we impute an exact amount using bracketed responses. The imputation algorithm is the same as used for income and wealth, excluding “ownership” imputation; see Section 3, 10 using the same covariates as are used for medical expenditure imputations described above. For the household level imputation, both male and female covariates are used. If no uncovered utilization is on the predicted value plus a random draw from the residual distribution, analogous to the approach that was followed for open-ended brackets in wealth. 10 However, since the HRS did not ask for the exact amount of total expenditures, we cannot impute these amounts by the nearest neighbor approach. Instead, we estimate an ordered probit model and impute based on the predicted value plus a random draw from the residual distribution, analogous to the approach that was followed for open-ended brackets in wealth.

2. Conceptual Variables

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reported, zero is assigned. If the household is a single individual or if only one individual in a couple reports any utilization, the total imputed household level amount is assigned to that individual. Two additional imputation models are used in order to allocate the expense among the couples where both have any service not covered by insurance. In these models, the sample and covariates are at the respondent level. In the first model, we assume the Financial Respondent is missing the expense and assign the spouse the entire imputed household-level amount. In the second model, we reverse the situation, assuming the spouse is missing the expense. We use the resulting imputed expenses only to calculate a proportion based on the Financial Respondent’s expense imputed from the first model and the spouse’s expense imputed from the second. We use that proportion to allocate the imputed household level expense to these individuals. This individually allocated amount is then summed with out-of-pocket nursing home expense. The imputed household-level amount is included in the data as well (H2OOPMD). For some households, no uncovered expenses were reported, but some out-of-pocket medical expenses (excluding nursing home) were. These probably represent expenses for services not specifically asked about, such as durable medical equipment or over-the-counter drugs. If no uncovered expenses were reported, H2OOPMD is set to zero, even if some out-of-pocket expense was given. A second version of total out-of-pocket expenses is imputed without restricting the sample to those reporting an uncovered medical expense. This is included on the file as H2OOPMA. Because no total medical expenditure information is collected in Wave 2A, RwTOTMD is imputed using the same method as is used in Waves 1 and 2H. Note that we will drop these measures in future releases of the RAND HRS. Because Wave 1 has no expenditure data and Wave 2H has out-of-pocket expenditures for only a subset of the Wave 3 and 4 services, we impute total out-of-pocket and total expenditures for all respondents in those waves. We do the same for Wave 2A total expenditures. We do this by first running regressions of (the logarithm of) total out-ofpocket and total medical expenditures on the covariates listed above using pooled Wave 3H and 4 data. We then use these estimated equations to predict medical expenditures in Waves 1 and 2. This method uses expenditure data from Waves 3H and 4 to predict amounts in Waves 1 and 2. We account for inflation by first deflating all expenditure data to constant 1992 dollars using the medical care services series of the CPI; then carrying out the imputations; and finally inflating the amounts using the medical services series and re-deflate using CPI-U, thus adjusting the amounts for differences between the medical care services series of the CPI and CPI-U.

2.4.

Wages

We construct wages using data on labor earnings and labor supply from the HRS Employment Section. This section focuses on the respondent’s main job. The HRS first asks respondents whether they are currently working, unemployed, temporarily on leave, disabled, retired, or a homemaker. From individuals currently working for pay, the HRS asks to report normal hours per week and weeks per year worked on the main job. All individuals are asked whether they receive a regular salary, work by the hour, perform

2. Conceptual Variables

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piecework, or get paid in some other manner. Regardless of the answer, they are then allowed to report their earnings from their main job in any interval they desire. That is, they can report their earnings as hourly, weekly, biweekly, monthly, yearly, or over some other interval. Self-employed individuals are also asked to report any profits they receive from their main job. The RAND HRS Data contain both hourly and weekly wages. Hourly are stored in variables RwWGIHR; weekly wages in RwWGIWK. We scale reported earnings up or down to arrive at hourly and weekly wages as necessary. For example, if a respondent reports an hourly wage then we assign that as his hourly wage and multiply it by reported hours worked per week to calculate the weekly wage. Individuals reporting a weekly wage are assigned that as their weekly wage and their weekly wage divided by hours worked per week as their hourly wage. We include both hourly and weekly wages in the data so that a wage rate is available even if hours worked per week is missing. Annual wages are scaled down in a similar fashion by annual number of weeks worked. We assume that biweekly and monthly wages represent wages for two and 52/12 weeks, respectively. We treat self-employed profits identically to earnings. Flag variables indicate whether the wage rate is self-reported, derived from self-employed profits, or imputed (see below). We do not include overtime wages in our figures. All wages are reported in nominal dollars. The wage rate variables are missing for individuals that are out of the labor force or that did not provide sufficient information to calculate an hourly or weekly wage. Out of the labor force includes retired, disabled, on temporary leave, and homemaker. The resulting data contain non-missing hourly wages for 7378, 6817, 5777, 7171, 6179, 4960, 6433, 5547 and 4908 individuals in Waves 1-9, respectively. Weekly wages are available for 7400, 6842, 5829, 7200, 6213, 4986, 6477, 5581 and 4935 individuals. The differences in missing rates arise from missing information on the number of hours worked per week. The increasing number of missing values across waves 1-3 is due primarily to the increasing number of retirees, the increase in non-missing wages at wave 4 is due to the addition of the CODA and WB cohorts, and the increase at Wave 7 is due to the addition of the EBB cohort. The means and medians of these calculated wages appear to be within reason across waves and are consistent with labor income reported in the assets and income section. We imputed wages for the unemployed (327, 245, 165, 148, 116, 134, 225, 128 and 153 individuals in Waves 1-9). We use two methods for imputing such wages. First, the unemployed are asked to report the wage on their last job since the previous interview. If available, we use that wage as the current wage. If not available, we take the wage reported in the previous wave. If that wage is not available either, we proceed backwards through successive waves until we find a valid wage for that individual. This includes using information from the individual’s Wave 1 job history file, if necessary. The prior wage is then adjusted to the current interview year using CPI-U. This method produces an imputed wage for approximately 90 percent of unemployed individuals. For the remaining unemployed, we predict wages from the full sample using a regression of (the logarithm of) wages on age, age-squared, education, race, marital status, whether

2. Conceptual Variables

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unemployed in any wave, and Census region of residence. We include flag variables (RwWGFHR for hourly and RwWGFWK for weekly wages) to indicate whether a wage rate was imputed, and which imputation method was used.

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3.

Wealth and Income Imputations

3.1.

Background

The RAND HRS Data contain a number of wealth and income variables. Where missing, we imputed their values. Most HRS and AHEAD questions on wealth and income follow the same pattern. Consider holdings of stocks and mutual funds as an example. First, the interviewer asks whether the respondent (or his/her spouse or partner) own any shares of stock or stock mutual funds. If affirmative, the interviewer asks the value of these stock holdings. If the respondent is unable or unwilling to provide an exact amount, the interviewer asks whether it is more than $25,000. Depending on the response, additional, smaller brackets are explored so that in the end the range is narrowed down to $0-2,500; $2,500-25,000; $25,000-125,000; $125,000-400,000; $400,000 or more. These ranges are known as “brackets;” the sequence of probes into increasingly narrow ranges is known as “unfolding brackets” questions. The brackets vary by asset and income category, and the cut-off values, though generally stable, can change between waves. For example, the cutoff values for dividend and interest income in HRS 1994 (Wave 2H) are $200, $500, $2,500, and $10,000, while in HRS 1996 (Wave 3H) are $1,000, $5,000, and $25,000. The respondent may opt out of the question sequence at any time. As a result, the raw data contain valid zero-value responses, exact amounts, complete bracket responses, incomplete bracket responses, and claim of ownership without value. An incomplete bracket results if the respondent provided some information but was unable or unwilling to respond through the last unfolding bracket probe. For example, he indicated that the stock holdings amount to more than $25,000, but refused to tell whether they are worth more than $125,000. In that case, the range is an open-ended $25,000 or more. A claim of ownership without value results if the respondent indicated that he owns stocks, but revealed neither the exact amount nor a range. A claim of ownership without value is a special case of an incomplete bracket, namely an open-ended bracket of greater than zero dollars. Table 3. Distribution of Response Types on Stock Holdings (HRS 1994) Continuous value Complete bracket Incomplete bracket Owns, no value/bracket No asset Don’t know ownership No financial respondent Total

Frequency 1,958 643 48 149 5,846 78 83 8,805

Percent 22.2 7.3 0.5 1.7 66.4 0.9 0.9 100.0

As an illustration, Table 3 shows the frequency distribution of response types on the ownership and value of stock holdings in HRS 1994 (Wave 2H). The stock holdings

3. Wealth and Income Imputations

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question is asked from the so-called financial respondent in the household, and unit of observation in the table is a household. The majority of respondents, 66.4 percent, report not owning any stocks (other than in retirement plans, which are not covered by this question). About one-fifth, 22.2 percent, owns stocks and provides an exact value. All other categories require imputation. Note the last category in Table 3, “No financial respondent.” These are cases in which the HRS, for whatever reason, did not interview a financial respondent 11. For those cases, virtually nothing is known about financial issues. The RAND HRS Data contain imputed values for these households, but the user should be aware that these imputations are subject to potentially large errors. They may be identified through flag variables. For example, Table 3 is derived from variable H2AFSTCK (“H2AFSTCK:W2 Asst Flag:Stocks”). In summary, the data contain valid responses and several types of responses that require imputations. In decreasing order of informational content: • Case 1: We may know a “complete” range of values; • Case 2: We may know that the household owns the asset (or has the income type), but have no information on its value, or only coarse information in the form of incomplete brackets; or • Case 3: We may not even know whether the household owns an asset, much less its value. Alternative Question Sequences While the majority of income and asset questions follow the pattern described above, there are deviations. Some questions, particularly income questions in HRS 1992 (Wave 1), do not probe for brackets if the respondent is unable or unwilling to provide an exact amount. We treat missing responses as-if there were unfolding bracket questions, but the respondent refused to provide any range information, i.e., as Case 2 above. Some interviewers in Wave 1 used so-called range cards instead of the sequence of unfolding bracket questions. This was especially prevalent for questions on the value of primary residence, mortgages, home loans equity lines of credit, and debt. The range cards contain a list of ranges. For example, a card may have shown $0-100; $100-500; $500-1,000; $1,000-5,000; $5,000-10,000; $10,000 or more. The cards were intended for other purposes but were sometimes used inadvertently when respondents were unable or 11

In some households, a financial respondent was designated but in fact provided no financial data, perhaps due to a partial interview that ended before the main financial section of the survey was conducted. For some of these cases house and mortgage information may have been provided but no other wealth or income data was collected in the main income and wealth module which follows the housing module in the survey instrument. Cases missing the entire module of financial data are treated as though there is no financial respondent.

3. Wealth and Income Imputations

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unwilling to provide an exact amount. 12 Respondents who were presented a range card had instant knowledge of all cut-off values, as opposed to gradual access in unfolding bracket questions. The cut-off values on the range cards were typically different from those in the appropriate unfolding bracket sequence. We treat responses from range cards in the same way as complete brackets, i.e., Case 1 above. Naturally, we account for the cut-off values on the range cards, even if they are different from those in the unfolding bracket sequence. Starting in HRS 1998 (Wave 4), the “entry point” of the unfolding bracket sequence was randomized in questions about assets. In other words, respondents who were unable or unwilling to provide an exact amount were asked whether the value was more than a certain value, where that value varied across respondents. The underlying idea was to reduce any response bias that may arise from the value of the entry point (“acquiescence bias”). We ignore the fact that the entry point varied across respondents and process the resulting information in the same way as in previous waves. Also starting in Wave 4, interviewers were able to record a new response. For example, suppose the interviewer asked “Is the amount greater than $5,000, less than $5,000, or what?” The potential answers now are “less than $5,000,” “about $5,000,” and “more than $5,000.” In earlier waves, the second response was combined with the first or third response. The additional option is present at each subsequent branch. Where the respondent indicated that the amount was “about” equal to a certain value, we took that value as an exact response and did not impute anything. We treated range responses in the same way as those in earlier waves. Finally, some cut-off values of specific asset and income questions changed between waves, as did the entry point. In addition, the way unfolding bracket information is presented changes over time, from variables representing the “yes/no” questions through Wave 5, to variables summarizing them as a ”minimum/maximum” of the range in Wave 6 forward. This did not affect the resulting response types.

3.2.

Imputation Process

The HRS public release files provide imputations for many asset and income types but the imputation method is not consistent across all waves. The RAND HRS Data contain imputations of all asset and income types using a consistent method. Beginning with 2006, RAND provides the income and asset imputations for HRS. The RAND HRS data file contains summary measures of income and assets. A more complete and detailed file, containing individual component imputations, is available on the HRS website (http://hrsonline.isr.umich.edu under “2006 HRS Core Imputations”) 13. 12

Recall that the Wave 1 interview was face-to-face; subsequent interviews were conducted by telephone. For prior waves, files with the component imputations are available along with RAND Enhanced Fat Files (containing most raw variables in single wave files) upon request. The RAND-enhanced Fat Files will be provided on request via our website (http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/dataprod) where further description of these files may also be found. 13

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As defined previously, there are three types of missing values that require separate types of imputation. Correspondingly, we developed three progressive imputation steps: to impute an exact amount, given that a range is known; to impute a range, given that ownership or only incomplete range is known; and to impute ownership, in case nothing is known. Table 4 illustrates the type of imputation necessary for each type of missing value. The imputation process is progressive in the sense that we first impute ownership for those for whom nothing is known. Given ownership, we impute brackets. Given brackets, we impute exact amounts. We always use all available information. In particular, where incomplete brackets are known, we impute complete brackets in the given range. Table 4. Response Types and Required Imputations Reported Information Continuous value Complete bracket Incomplete bracket Owns, no value/bracket No asset Don’t know ownership No financial respondent

Required Imputation None Amount Bracket, Amount Bracket, Amount None Ownership, Bracket, Amount Ownership, Bracket, Amount

3.2.1. Ownership Imputation To impute ownership, we first estimate a logistic regression model of ownership based on the sample of respondents with nonmissing ownership information for the asset or income type at issue. The explanatory covariates are discussed below. Next, we calculate the predicted probability of ownership for households with missing ownership information. Finally, we draw a random number from a uniform distribution between zero and one and assign ownership if and only if the predicted probability exceeds the random number. The estimation sample varies by asset and income type. For example, a household that reports ownership of housing wealth but not on stock holdings only enters the estimation sample for ownership of housing wealth. In some waves and for some asset and income types, ownership is rare and the logistic regression model fits the data poorly. Instead of imputing on the basis of a logistic model, we randomly assign ownership with a probability of ownership found in the nonmissing sample. This is equivalent to fitting a logistic model without covariates. We apply this procedure for assets in waves with fewer than 50 households reporting ownership.

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3.2.2. Bracket Imputation We impute brackets for asset owners (imputed and reported) who do not report a continuous value and do not fully complete the questionnaire bracketing sequence on asset value. First, we estimate an ordered logit model based on the sample of households who do not report a continuous value but do complete the bracketing sequence. The explanatory covariates are discussed below. Next, we calculate the predicted probabilities of being in each bracket for respondents with missing or incomplete bracket information. For those who partially complete the bracketing sequence, we calculate conditional probabilities based on the range of possible values from their answers. Finally, we draw a random number from a uniform distribution between zero and one and assign a bracket based on a comparison of the random number with the cumulative distribution of range probabilities. For some asset and income types, notably Wave 1 incomes, no bracket questions were asked. For these items, this step is skipped and we treat the strictly positive dollar range as a single large open-ended bracket. Beginning in Wave 4, those households who do not report a continuous value at first opportunity but do give an “about” response during the unfolding bracket sequence of questions are included in the logit model. Probabilities are then estimated for being in each bracket and each cutpoint value. Households imputed to one of the cutpoint values need no amount imputation for that particular component. For some asset and income types, fewer than 50 households completed the bracket sequence. We treated these types in the same way as types without bracket questions. 3.2.3. Amount Imputation We impute exact amounts for all cases with (reported or imputed) bracket information. The procedure is different for cases in closed vs. open-ended brackets. 14 For closed brackets, we use a “nearest neighbor” approach; for open-ended brackets, a Tobit-based approach. The following discusses the two approaches in turn. In the nearest neighbor approach for closed brackets, we first estimate a linear regression model based on the sample of households who report an exact continuous value. The explanatory covariates are discussed below. The distribution of asset and income amounts tends to be roughly log-normal, so we would like to apply a logarithmic transformation to the outcome (asset, income) variable. However, some outcomes, such as business income, may be negative. The frequency with which this occurs is very low—too low to allow for a fully flexible model specification. Instead, we therefore

14

A closed bracket is known cut-off values; an open-ended bracket is, for example, $500,000 or more.

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apply the inverse hyperbolic sine transformation. 15 Next, we computed predicted values for all cases, both with and without exact amounts. For each missing observation in closed brackets, we impute the actual value from the sample of households who report an exact amount that is closest in predicted value. In exploratory work, we applied this method to missing amounts in both closed and openended brackets. However, we found that the resulting imputations generated implausible distributions at the top of the distribution. The data contains some outliers which the nearest neighbor approach selects with too high a frequency to be plausible. We therefore developed an alternative approach for open-ended brackets. For missing observations in open-ended brackets, we estimate a separate model. First, we discard observations in the bottom 25 percent of the outcome, thus ensuring that the outcomes are all positive and that their distribution is close to log-normal. Based on this sample of nonmissing observations, we estimate a Tobit model. The explanatory covariates are discussed below. The outcome is a logarithmic transformation of the actual amount. We then compute predicted values of the log-amount for missing observations. To preserve the spread of the distribution of outcomes in the imputations, we add a draw from the residual distribution to this log-amount, and then untransform (exponentiate) the result. If the thus-imputed value is below the lower bound of the openended bracket, we re-draw from the residual distribution and repeat this until the imputed value is in the appropriate range. (This is equivalent to drawing from a truncated normal distribution.) The residual distribution is assumed to be normal with a zero mean and a standard deviation equal to the estimated standard deviation of the residual in the Tobit regression model. 3.2.4. Covariates The number of model specifications in the imputations is large. There were four waves of data when these methods were developed, with well over a dozen asset and income 15

(

)

The inverse hyperbolic sine transformation is given by y = log Y + Y + 1 . For positive values of 2

outcome Y, not close to zero, this transformation closely mimics the logarithmic transformation. Only for small amounts, on the order of between -$10 and +$10 is the transformation appreciably different from the logarithmic transformation. The transformation is point-symmetric around zero. It may be graphed as: 6

3

0

-3

-6 -100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

If the logarithmic transformation were added to this graph, it would be indistinguishibly close on the northeast quadrant (up to a scale factor).

3. Wealth and Income Imputations

30

types, and each requires three equations. We experimented extensively with model specifications. On the one hand, we would like to select explanatory covariates that fit the models best. On the other hand, we would like the specifications to be parsimonious and consistent across asset and income types. Consistency across asset and income types caused problems with assets and income types where only small samples were available. In the end, we opted for the same set of explanatory covariates in all asset model specifications (ownership, bracket, and amount for all asset types) and another consistent set in income specifications. The sets are formed by principal components of approximately 30 explanatory covariates. For income imputations, the underlying explanatory covariates include (transformations of) husband and wife’s employment status, education, health status, age, race, marital status, occupation class 16, cognition, and bequest motive. For wealth imputations, the same set applies, but excluding employment status and including a number of income amounts and indicators of pension or government benefit receipt. We found that the first ten principal components resulted in model fits that in most cases were very close to the fit from the larger set of covariates, without sample size issues. The set of regressors varies slightly across waves, and the principal component factor loadings are computed separately for each wave. For example, Table 5 shows summary statistics and load factors of the explanatory covariates that make up the principal components of Wave 2 income imputations. Table 5. Load Factors on First Two Principal Components (Wave 2 Income Imputations) Variable BEQ10 BEQ10M BEQ100 BEQ100M M_COLLEG F_COLLEG M_HSGED F_HSGED M_EXHLTH F_EXHLTH M_PRHLTH

Mean 61.54 0.0527 31.82 0.2559 0.1796 0.1546 0.2549 0.3516 0.3530 0.4247 0.1747

Std. Dev. 42.43 0.2234 40.39 0.4364 0.3839 0.3616 0.4358 0.4775 0.4779 0.4943 0.3797

Factor loadings on First Second comp’t comp’t 0.3395 -0.0289 -0.1223 0.0481 0.3034 -0.0139 -0.3170 0.0326 0.2306 -0.0043 0.1644 -0.1185 0.0701 0.1507 0.0302 0.0719 0.2687 0.0400 0.2321 -0.0694 -0.1176 0.2205

Description Probability Bequest $10,000+ Bequest $10,000 missing Probability Bequest $100,000+ Bequest $100,000 missing Male: College Graduate Female: College Graduate Male: HS Diploma or GED Female: HS Diploma or GED Male: Excellent/Very Good Health Female: Excellent/Very Good Health Male: Fair/Poor Health

16

Beginning in 2006 (Wave 8), HRS changed the coding of occupation from the 1980 Standard Occupational Codes (SOCs) to those for 2000. One of the covariates we use in the imputation process is an indicator for whether or not a person’s occupation is defined as “professional” (See Table #5, M_PROF and F_PROF). Prior to 2006, the 1980 SOCs were collapsed into 17 categories, and determining who was professional was relatively straight-forward (See JMW201am in the HRS 2004 codebook for a list of these categories). Specifically, we defined professionals as anyone in the first two categories (i.e., “Managerial specialty operation”, or “Professional specialty operation and technical support”). The 2000 SOCs, on the other hand, were collapsed into 25 categories, which were actually quite different than the 17 categories produced using the 1980 SOCs. Using available crosswalks of the 1980 and 2000 SOCs in conjunction with other information, we determined that the first 11 categories could appropriately be considered professional occupations (See KB024M in the HRS 2006 codebook for a list of these categories). Therefore, from HRS 2006 forward, we will use this classification to create the related covariates.

3. Wealth and Income Imputations

F_PRHLTH M_PROF F_PROF M_WORK F_WORK M_UNEMP F_UNEMP M_DISAB F_DISAB M_RETIR F_RETIR AGE AGESQ SINGLFEM MARRIED NONWHITE MISSCOGN LOWCOGN

3.3.

0.2001 0.1766 0.1391 0.4580 0.4851 0.0202 0.0209 0.0923 0.0961 0.2014 0.0977 58.64 3461.57 0.2308 0.6722 0.2924 0.0906 0.2804

0.4001 0.3813 0.3460 0.4983 0.4998 0.1407 0.1431 0.2895 0.2947 0.4011 0.2969 4.84 579.24 0.4214 0.4694 0.4549 0.2871 0.4492

31

-0.2244 0.2378 0.1504 0.2363 0.1352 -0.0167 -0.0318 -0.1219 -0.1970 0.0587 0.0233 0.0027 0.0025 -0.2341 0.2501 -0.2181 -0.1047 -0.1134

0.0651 0.0130 -0.1162 -0.0749 -0.2087 -0.0135 -0.0391 0.1245 0.0195 0.3879 0.2001 0.4766 0.4782 -0.2965 0.2667 -0.0361 0.0308 0.0793

Female: Fair/Poor Health Male: Professional Work Female: Professional Work Male: Currently Working Female: Currently Working Male: Unemployed Female: Unemployed Male: Disabled/Temp Laid Off Female: Disabled/Temp Laid Off Male: Retired Female: Retired Age of Oldest Partner Squared Age of Oldest Partner Single Female Financial Respondent Married Couple Non-White Financial Respondent Missing Cognition Score Low Cognition Score

Substantive Differences Across Waves

In addition to survey-technical changes between waves, there have been a few changes that may affect the comparability of asset values across waves. We discuss the most important changes. Notable Differences between Waves HRS 1992 (Wave 1) and HRS 1994 (Wave2) Net value of vehicles: Wave 1 includes a measure of the value of a recreational vehicle or motor home in the Housing Section and a measure of the value of other vehicles in the Asset Section. We separately imputed these values and summed them. For Wave 2, the two components are incorporated into one measure of the net value of vehicles in the Asset Section. Notable Differences between HRS 1994 (Wave 2) and HRS 1996 (Wave 3) Asset income: In Waves 1 and 2, asset ownership and value were asked in the Asset Section, whereas income from assets was asked separately in the Income Section. Starting in Wave 3, income from asset questions were incorporated in the Asset Section. For example, if the respondent indicated owning stocks, the interviewer followed up with a question about dividends. This increased the response rate for asset income. Assuming that this increases the quality of responses, it also improves the accuracy of our asset imputations, because asset income is an explanatory covariate of our imputation model. Net value of IRA/Keogh accounts: In Waves 1 and 2, respondents were asked to report the total value of all Individual Retirement Account (IRA) and KEOGH accounts. In

3. Wealth and Income Imputations

32

Wave 3, separate questions were asked about the largest, second largest, and all other accounts. Notable Differences between HRS and AHEAD (Waves 2 & 3) HRS 1994 and AHEAD 1993 (Wave 2) AHEAD 1993 has a very different structure than HRS 1994. With the exception of Social Security benefits, SSI and food stamps, respondents are expected to specify the types of income received. For example, they are asked if they have “any regular income”, and if so, they are asked to identify the source. So there are no specific questions such as “Do you receive any income from pensions?” However, they can describe up to 4 regular incomes per partner and up to 3 household investment incomes. The result is many separate components for those combined in other waves, such as stock income and veteran’s benefits. Specific question wording differences are described in the “Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data” subsections in the codebook. HRS 1996 and AHEAD 1995 (Wave 3) The structures of HRS 1996 and AHEAD 1995 are very similar. However, there are several notable differences. These are outlined under the “Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data” subsections in the codebook. Notable Differences between HRS 1996 (Wave 3) and HRS 1998 (Wave 4) Housing wealth: Starting in Wave 4, mobile homes are a separate category of measurement in the Housing Section. We impute their value separately and incorporate it into housing wealth. Notable Differences between HRS 1998 (Wave 4), HRS 2000 (Wave 5) and HRS 2002 (Wave 6) The structures of Waves 4, 5, and 6 are very similar. Any important differences are specified under “Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data” subsections in the codebook. Notable Differences between HRS 1998 (Wave 4) through HRS 2002 (Wave 6) and HRS 2004 (Wave 7) through HRS 2006 (Wave 8) The structures of questions in Waves 7 and 8 are very similar to those in Waves 4 to 6. However, Waves 7 and 8 no longer ask for income from trusts and alimony specifically. One can assume that these types of income would now be reported with non-specific other income. We have looked at this for cases that previously did report alimony or trust

3. Wealth and Income Imputations

33

income and found that other income did not increase as one might expect were these types of income included. Notable Differences Between HRS 2000 (Wave 5) and HRS 2002 (Wave 6) through HRS 2006 (Wave 8) In Wave 5, respondents who are 65 years of age or older, and report not working for pay in the last calendar year, skip the questions about income from unemployment and worker’s compensation. Respondents who are < 65 years of age, on the other hand, are asked both sets of questions, even if they are not working. From Wave 6 forward, the same pattern is true for respondents who are 65 years of age or older. However, those who are < 65 years of age, and report not working for pay in the last calendar year, are asked the questions about income from unemployment, but skip those related to worker’s compensation. Notable Differences between HRS 2006 (Wave 8) and HRS 2008 (Wave 9) Bracket breakpoints for debt: In Waves 8 and 9, respondents who answer “Don’t Know” or “Refuse” to the question about debt amount (Q478) enter into a sequence of bracket questions to determine a possible range of values. In Wave 8, the breakpoints for these ranges were $500, $5,000, and $50,000. However, in Wave 9, these breakpoints changed to $1,000, $5,000, $15,000, and $50,000. Business assets reported earlier in the interview: Beginning in Wave 6, after the value of business or farm assets is collected, a question (Q492) asks whether these assets were reported previously in the interview. Beginning in Wave 9, a follow-up question was added which asks respondents to indicate what percentage was previously reported (Q523). For example, in Wave 9, about 30% of business owners indicate that they had reported their business wealth as either primary residence (which could be a farm or ranch), secondary residence, or other real estate earlier in the interview (Q492 = yes), and of these, most say that all of the business asset was previously reported (Q523 = 100%). These two variables are included in this file for the convenience of the analyst, and can be used for adjusting total wealth to reflect the amount of wealth that is twice reported. We do not use these two variables in the imputations or derivations of any of the variations on total wealth. Housing loan question wording: In the housing section, there are a series of questions about whether the respondent has “…a mortgage, land contract, second mortgage, or any other loan that uses the property as collateral”. In Wave 9, the qualifier “Do not include reverse mortgages” was added.

4. Poverty Threshold Definitions and HRS Measures

4.

34

Poverty Threshold Definitions and HRS Measures

The RAND HRS Data file includes a measure of poverty for beginning in Wave 6 (2002). We use the poverty threshold levels from the U.S. Census Bureau (http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/threshld.html) and family composition to determine the poverty threshold that applies to an HRS family. We then compare the HRS family income to the appropriate poverty threshold. The methods used by the U.S. Census Bureau to measure poverty are outlined on http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/definitions.html. These are normally applied to CPS data to arrive at national poverty rates. The two key definitions for applying these methods to HRS families are income and family composition. The family composition depends on the number of resident family members, the number under 18, and the age of the head of household if there are one or two in the family. People living in institutions, such as nursing homes and college dormitories, are not included when counting resident family members. Income includes before-tax income from: - earnings, unemployment, workers’ compensation - Social Security, SSI, public assistance, veterans benefits - pension and retirement income - interest, dividends, rents, royalties, income from estates and trusts - educational assistance - alimony, child support - assistance from outside the household - other sources - income of all resident family members Income does not include: - noncash benefits, e.g., food stamps - capital gains and losses We assume that educational assistance and other sources would have been reported as “other income” in the HRS, but it is likely that at least some assistance from outside the household may not be included in any of the HRS income categories 17. The HRS total household income, e.g., as calculated in H6ITOT on the RAND HRS, less food stamps would seem to be close to the Census definition of income, with the exception of income from resident family members besides the respondent and spouse. Note that RAND HRS 17

Notably the HRS question wording for “other income” specifically excludes income from family and friends. The Census definition of assistance from outside the household indicates that this includes “periodic payments people receive from non-household members. This type of assistance excludes gifts or sporadic assistance”. HRS questions on income transfers from children do not specify whether the amounts are periodic or sporadic, so we have decided not to include these in the income used to determine poverty threshold.

4. Poverty Threshold Definitions and HRS Measures

35

total household income is for the last calendar year, e.g., 2001 for income reported at the 2002 interview and 2003 for income reported at the 2004 interview. Questions ask about the income of resident family members, including the earnings of each and total non-job income of them all. With these questions, we can estimate income of all resident family members, which is not included in HwITOT.

4.1.

Method

We construct a poverty status variable to be consistent with that produced using the Census definitions, within the limitations of the HRS data, as follows: 1. Make household resident observations from the work and earnings questions, identified by sub-household ID and OPN. 2. Merge with the household member/ child roster. 18 3. Keep people who are resident and related to the Family Respondent (FamR) or spouse. This includes current and ex-relations (codes=3-19, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33, 90, 91) who have a status code indicating residency (=1) 19. Please see ”Summary of Data Issues” later in this section for a discussion of residents who are away and income year versus residence year. 4. Impute non-core household member income, including earnings and non-job income. The method used for these imputations is described below (“Imputing Household Member Income”). 5. Count # of residents and residents under 18 20 by sub-household. 6. Merge with core data, including imputed income, whether a couple, and age(s) of respondents. 7. Adjust the number of household members by the number of core HRS in the family (one or two). 8. Assign family to a Census category to retrieve the appropriate poverty threshold. Use age of the only, or male, non-institutionalized HRS respondent to determine if head is 65 or older in one- or two-person households. 21 The family category is provided on the file, as is the corresponding poverty threshold. 18

There are some household residents from the income section that do not appear on the roster. Of the 9 residents in 2002, 5 have the OPN 997 (not available this release), and 4 have normal looking OPNs. In 2004, there are 5 such cases with normal looking OPNs. Since we cannot determine relationship for these people, we drop their income and do not count them as resident family members. 19 We assume the household member is non-resident if the status code is missing, and non-family if the relationship code is missing. 20 If the birth year of a resident family member is missing we use logical imputation to determine whether s/he is 18 or older. Among those not missing birth year in 2002, those working or married are 18 or older 94% and 98% of the time, respectively. So those who are working, married, with a move date 18 years prior to the interview, or with a relationship of sibling or parent are assumed to be 18 or older. Grandchildren who are not working or married are assumed to be under 18. For the remaining cases still missing, we used the skip pattern for the work question, which was not asked for those under 16 years old. We assumed that those missing whether worked are under 16 and hence, under 18. 21 We ran a version using age of FinR instead. This did not make a difference in poverty status, but does have some impact on the family category. Note that it is also possible that one of the non-core family residents would be considered “head” by the CPS.

4. Poverty Threshold Definitions and HRS Measures

36

9. Adjust family income. The adjusted family income is provided on the file. a. Starting with HwITOT, subtract food stamps b. Add in earnings for all non-core residents. c. Add in total non-job income for non-core family residents. 10. Compare family income 22 to poverty threshold for the family to determine: a. Whether below the poverty level (0=No and 1=Yes) b. Ratio of family income to poverty threshold Both these measures are provided on the file.

4.2.

Summary of Data Issues

Income year versus residence year: Income measures are from the last calendar year, e.g., 2001, but family composition is from the interview year, e.g., 2002. At this time, we use the family composition as is reported in the household roster at the time of the interview, but use last calendar year as the reference year for income, poverty thresholds, and ages of household members. Residents who are away and HRS core living in a nursing home: The CPS definition does not include family members who are living in an institution. We provide two sets of poverty status variables, one in which we are consistent with the Census definition and exclude institutionalized family members, and another where we include them. In both versions we do include family members temporarily away, as this is consistent with the CPS samples. Specifically the two versions of the poverty variables differ as follows: 1. CPS-consistent version: We do not count core HRS respondents who live in a nursing home at the time of the interview, and we further adjust total household income but subtracting their individual income. In HRS households where all core respondents are institutionalized, all the poverty measures are set to missing. We also do not count or add in the income of non-core residents who have a status of “away in an institution”. If this leaves no non-core family residents, we exclude any other family member income. 2. Version including institutionalized family members: In this version we count all core HRS respondents (including non-responding spouses in couple households) and include their income in the total for the household. We also count non-core family residents who are away in an institution and include their income.

4.3.

Variables Included on the File

At this time, these variables are only constructed for respondents beginning in Wave 6. The variables are all constructed at the household level and merged back to HRS respondents: Description 22

CPS-Consistent Variable, excluding institutionalized

Version including institutionalized family

A few hundred 2002, 2004, 2006, and 2008 interviews are actually conducted in 2003, 2005, 2007 and 2009, respectively, and thus report 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008 income. If the FinR’s interview year is 2003, 2005, 2007 or 2009, we use the CPI to adjust income to 2001, 2003, 2005 or 2007 dollars, as appropriate, before doing the comparison.

4. Poverty Threshold Definitions and HRS Measures

Whether family income is below the poverty threshold Ratio of family income to poverty threshold Poverty threshold for the family in prior year (i.e., 2001 for Wave 6 and 2003 for Wave 7) Family composition used to determine poverty threshold Adjusted family income compared to the poverty threshold 23

37

family members HwINPOV

members HwINPOVA

HwINPOVR

HwINPVRA

HwPOVTHR

HwPVTHRA

HwPOVFAM

HwPVFAMA

HwPOVHHI

HwPVHHIA

In addition we include HwNHMLIV, which summarizes the nursing home residence of the core HRS respondents: 0 = none reside in a nursing home 1 = one of a couple resides in a nursing home 2 = both in a couple reside in a nursing home 3 = the household is a single-respondent who resides in a nursing home For cases with codes of 2 or 3, the CPS-consistent measures are set to a SAS special missing value (.I, for institutionalized).

4.4.

Imputing Household Member Income

We impute earnings and non-job income for non-core resident household members who are related to one of the HRS respondents. In the income section Questions (where “[x]” is the interview-specific variable prefix, i.e, H, J, K, and L for 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008, respectively) ask whether each household resident, 16 or older (OPN=[x]Q431), works ([x]Q432), and if so, how much income was earned in the last calendar year: [x]Q433: About how much money did ([Person Name]) earn from all jobs in ([LCY_A] 24), before taxes and other deductions? There is also a question about total non-job income of all resident family members: [x]Q437: Not including job income, about how much in total did other members of your family living (here/there) receive in ([LCY_A]) from Social Security, pensions, welfare, interest, gifts, or anything else, (before taxes and other deductions)? Both questions collect a continuous value and, if missing, unfolding bracket values. 23

These variables reflect the CPI adjustment to 2001 (2003 for W7 , 2005 for W8 or 2007 for W9) dollars if the interview was conducted in 2003 (2005, 2007 or 2009), i.e., if the income reported is for 2002 (2004, 2006 or 2008). 24 “LCY_A” is last calendar year relative to the interview year.

4. Poverty Threshold Definitions and HRS Measures

38

We used the same methods used to impute income and wealth to impute these income measures, described elsewhere in this document. Earnings are imputed if missing for resident household members at least 16 years old and related to one of the HRS respondents in the household. Imputations are done at the household member level, separately for single and couple HRS households 25. If the family member is under 16 or not working, we assume no earnings if missing. For the remainder, ownership is determined by whether the family member is working. If whether working is missing we impute ownership. We then impute complete brackets for cases with missing or incomplete brackets, and finally, we impute earnings. Total non-job income of resident family members is imputed if missing for all households with any resident family members, including those temporarily away, regardless of whether in an institution or not. One value is reported or imputed for each household with resident family members. Thus these imputations are done at the household level. Among the continuous values reported, about 60% report a zero for this type of income in Wave 6. We assume no ownership if zeros are reported and ownership if a value over zero is given or if any bracket information indicating a range (complete or incomplete) is provided. If the value is missing and no unfolding bracket questions are answered, we impute ownership. We then impute complete brackets for cases with missing or incomplete brackets that have, or have been imputed to have, this type of income. Based on these complete brackets, a continuous value is imputed. The covariates used for these imputations include HRS core measures: total household income (HwITOT), total household assets (HwATOTA), and age(s), health, education, race, and work status of HRS core respondents. Other covariates include the number of resident family members under and over 18 years old and their mean age. In the earnings imputations, additional covariates reflecting the household member’s age, sex, marital status, and relationship are also included.

25

HRS income tends to be lower, and household member income higher, in single compared to couple households. This may indicate that HRS singles with other household residents are parents moving in with their children, whereas HRS couples are taking in adult children.

5. Social Security and SSI Disability Episodes

5.

39

Social Security and SSI Disability Episodes

The HRS collects information on whether respondents have applied for and received benefits from various disability programs, including Social Security, Supplemental Security Income, Veteran’s benefits, and workers compensation. We have developed a set of variables that represent multiple episodes of application and receipt of Social Security (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) disability over the panel. SS disability is available only if the respondent has contributed long enough to be eligible. SSI disability can be awarded on the basis of income, without the same contribution required for Social Security eligibility. A disabled person may receive benefits from both programs. The normal process begins with application to the disability program. If denied benefits, one can then appeal the decision or re-apply. Benefits may be awarded either after the original or re-application or the application can be rejected. And finally benefits may stop, or in the case of SSDI, transition to old-age benefits. Each application process is considered an episode in developing these variables from the information provided by HRS. The HRS collects information on the steps outlined above and on when each step is initiated and when the benefits stop. An episode may begin in one wave and be continued over several subsequent waves, for as long as the respondent receives benefits. The process is initiated at most ten times in the HRS from 1992 through 2004. There are differences in wording and content across waves that are described in more detail under “Cross Wave Differences” for these variables in the codebook. Note that we observe the process only at interviews. It is possible that what we see is incomplete because the interview questions do not capture all the details. For example, if a person reports receiving benefits at one wave, and still receives at the next, we assume the benefits arise from the same application, and in some cases the same program. But it is possible that the benefits being received are from a different one. There are questions about new applications since the last interview, even if a respondent reports still receiving benefits from a prior wave, but we do not attempt to untangle whether a new application is related to the benefits reported as continuous. We assume it is different and begin another episode. These variables are developed using information found in the Disability section of the HRS. There are about 130 cases with at least one illogical sequence of dates. There is additional information in the Income section regarding SSI and Social Security income that could be used to further inform these data, but we do not consider it in this version. Specifically, we have noticed that if a respondent reports receiving Social Security disability (SSDI) in the Disability section, they sometimes do not report receiving Social Security disability (SSDI) in the Income and Assets section. Similarly, sometimes the respondent reports receiving Social Security disability (SSDI) in the Income and Assets section, but not in the Disability section. Therefore, beginning in Wave 9, a new variable

5. Social Security and SSI Disability Episodes

40

(RADISABF) has been derived to document and explain these differences, which can be found in Section E: Social Security.

5.1.

Program Type

The HRS questions about Social Security and SSI disability combine the two programs in interviews before 2000. Beginning in 2000, the questions ask about these programs separately. If a person is receiving benefits at their previous interview, they are asked in 2000 which program provides them. If they report receiving from only one program, the active episode is assigned a type of either SSDI or SSI as appropriate. If a person reports receiving benefits from both programs, we duplicate the active episode and assign one as SSDI and one as SSI, before updating with 2000 information. Information about any new applications is collected separately and each new application begins a separate episode. We cannot identify which program was involved for episodes that end before 2000. These episodes are assigned an ambiguous program type. In 2002, a person receiving benefits in 2000 is again asked which program provides them. If the program types are reported as the same at both interviews, we update the appropriate episode accordingly. If a person receives benefits from both programs in 2000 and 2002, the two active episodes are updated separately. In some cases respondents appear to change programs from 2000 to 2002, e.g., reported receiving benefits from SSI in 2000 but from SSDI in 2002 without a new application. The 2002 benefit is treated as a continuation of the 2000 one, and the type of program is flagged as ambiguous. If a person reports receiving benefits from both programs in 2000 but only one in 2002, we end the episode for the program that is omitted. If a person reports receiving from only one program in 2000 but from both programs in 2002, we duplicate the active 2000 episode and update both with 2002 information. Similar methods are applied to episodes continued across waves in later waves as well, e.g., in 2004 for episodes continued from 2002.

5.2.

Episode Status

The normal sequence of steps entails application, and if denied, possibly re-application or appeal, award and receipt of benefits, the end of benefits, application rejected, and benefits not awarded. The most common states of an episode at the end of an interview are receiving, stopped receiving benefits, and not awarded, in that order. A status of applied or appealed/re-applied indicates that a respondent is last observed with a pending application for the episode. An episode with a status of applied, appealed/re-applied, receiving, or not awarded is considered active, and may be updated with information from subsequent interviews. A status of not awarded does not necessarily mean the application has been rejected, especially in earlier waves. The specific language of a rejected application is introduced for new applications in 1998. Indeed, cases are observed who report that benefits were not awarded but then say they are still receiving benefits at the next interview and

5. Social Security and SSI Disability Episodes

41

indicate a receive date between interviews. Prior to 1998, it appears that most cases that reported any disability activity at the previous interview are asked if they are still receiving benefits even if they never reported being awarded benefits. Information in interviews subsequent to the application may inform the status. If a respondent denies receiving benefits and the status at the previous interview indicates the respondent had not reported receiving benefits, we assume the application was rejected. Similarly if the respondent says no to still receiving benefits but had not previously reported being awarded them, we assume the application was rejected, but with a different status, as there is the possibility benefits were received for a short time. If a respondent denies receiving benefits, and had previously reported that benefits had stopped, the denial confirms the prior situation. If the denial is after a stop that was reported without having ever reported receiving, we assume the application was rejected, i.e., that benefits were never received. In some cases an episode is unresolved, i.e., there is an active episode, but the thread is dropped. That is, either no information about whether they are still receiving is given, and a new application is begun or a respondent indicates having active episodes for both programs but at the next wave indicates only one. These episodes are given an illogical ending status that indicates what the status was when the thread was dropped. In some cases it is possible that the appropriate follow-up questions at the next interview are not asked and the episode is thus left somewhat in limbo. These episodes may appear to be still active since no further activity is observed.

5.3.

Episode Dates

Dates of application, re-application or appeal, benefit receipt start, and stop are collected for each episode. They are provided in the raw data as month and year. If the date is missing, we attempt to provide an estimated date. The process of estimating a date entails identifying the upper and lower bounds within which the date may fall. For instance, the upper bound for when the respondent started receiving benefits would be set based on a stop date if given or current interview date, and a lower bound would be based on application or appeal date. Lower and upper bounds for each applicable step are determined. The lower bounds for applications, particularly the first, look at dates of disability, including when the disability began to interfere with work, when a respondent reports a disabled employment status, and last month worked. To be used a date must come before any determined upper bound. If none of these is available and before the upper bound, we use a lower bound set to age 18, or, if this does not fit, birth date. The estimated date is set to the midpoint between the lower and upper bounds 26. Estimated dates are adjusted to ensure that they occur in the expected order, e.g., applications occur before appeals and receipt of benefits and receipt of benefits occurs 26

The RAND HRS Data file does not include the lower and upper bound dates used to derive the estimated date. Please contact us if you would find these dates useful; we can provide them in a separate file.

5. Social Security and SSI Disability Episodes

42

before they stop. If the originally given month and year, or just year is valid, we do not adjust outside the given information. In some cases the dates will seem illogical, because that is the way they were reported. There are about 130 cases with at least one illogical sequence of dates.

5.4.

Variables

The disability variables we have developed include the dates of application, reapplication or appeal, start of benefits, and when benefits stop. Each application begins a new episode, with its own set of dates and its own status. For each date, we provide the month and year as presented in the data, recoded for missing values, and a “best-guess” date which is stored as a SAS date. From the month and year, the analyst can tell how much information was originally provided. The specific variables are listed in Table 6. While 10 episodes are possible, the maximum observed number of episodes is nine, and therefore only nine episodes will be listed in the section. The variables begin with “RA” because they are not wave-specific. If they are specific to a particular episode they end with a number, indication the sequence of the episode. The second to last character of the date variables is “M” for month, “Y” for year, and “D” for SAS date. We continue to include the disability variables previously provided in the RAND HRS data; these indicate if any of the steps, except stopping benefits, has ever been reported, and if so the earliest date. From Wave 5 forward, a variable with the amount being received has also been added. Amount received is not available before Wave 5. Table 6. Disability Episode Variables Measure Number episodes

Description Count, at most nine as of Wave 9

Month Year “Best-guess” SAS date Appeal or Month Reapply Year date “Best-guess” SAS date Month Receive date Year “Best-guess” SAS date Month Stop date Year “Best-guess” SAS date 1 = SSDI Type 2 = SSI Application date

Variables RADNEPI RADAPPM1 to RADAPPM9 RADAPPY1 to RADAPPY9 RADAPPD1 to RADAPPD9 RADREAM1 to RADREAM9 RADREAY1 to RADREAY9 RADREAD1 to RADREAD9 RADRECM1 to RADRECM9 RADRECY1 to RADRECY9 RADRECD1 to RADRECD9 RADENDM1 to RADENDM9 RADENDY1 to RADENDY9 RADENDD1 to RADENDD9 RADTYPE1 to RADTYPE9

5. Social Security and SSI Disability Episodes

Current Status

3 = DK which 4 = SSDI /SSI at different waves Indicates if applied, receiving, stopped receiving, or illogical ends

43

RADSTAT1 to RADSTAT9

6. Structure of Codebook

6.

44

Structure of Codebook

The Appendix contains the codebook documenting all variables in the RAND HRS Data. This section explains how to interpret the codebook entries. The figure below shows a typical codebook page; the numbers in circles correspond to comments below. 1

Self-report of health File Variable

2 3

65

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1SHLT R2SHLT R3SHLT R4SHLT R5SHLT R6SHLT R7SHLT R7SHLT R9SHLT

R1SHLT:W1 R2SHLT:W2 R3SHLT:W3 R4SHLT:W4 R5SHLT:W5 R6SHLT:W6 R7SHLT:W7 R8SHLT:W8 R9SHLT:W9

Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report

of of of of of of of of of

health health health health health health health health health

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1SHLT S2SHLT S3SHLT S4SHLT S5SHLT S6SHLT S7SHLT S8SHLT S9SHLT

S1SHLT:W1 S2SHLT:W2 S3SHLT:W3 S4SHLT:W4 S5SHLT:W5 S6SHLT:W6 S7SHLT:W7 S8SHLT:W8 S9SHLT:W9

Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report

of of of of of of of of of

health health health health health health health health health

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

4

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1SHLT R2SHLT R3SHLT R4SHLT R5SHLT R6SHLT R7SHLT R8SHLT R9SHLT

12652 19632 17984 21378 19571 18156 20112 18444 17203

2.584 2.813 2.790 2.922 2.837 2.877 2.883 2.884 2.937

1.205 1.192 1.176 1.177 1.156 1.133 1.142 1.132 1.109

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S1SHLT S2SHLT S3SHLT S4SHLT S5SHLT S6SHLT S7SHLT S8SHLT S9SHLT

9900 13084 11911 13973 12726 11639 12962 11723 10640

2.513 2.705 2.689 2.819 2.732 2.751 2.767 2.760 2.825

1.173 1.163 1.149 1.151 1.129 1.104 1.119 1.111 1.080

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

6. Structure of Codebook

6

45

Categorical Variable Codes Value----------| R1SHLT R2SHLT R3SHLT R4SHLT R5SHLT R6SHLT R7SHLT R8SHLT R9SHLT .D=DK/NA | 8 3 6 7 8 13 23 11 .M=Oth missing | 2 1 .R=RF | 2 2 1 3 4 1 3 1. Excellent | 2807 2982 2664 2633 2473 2050 2363 2032 1550 2. Very good | 3481 5241 5078 5467 5652 5081 5476 5261 4881 3. Good | 3544 5812 5262 6541 5903 5739 6280 5623 5514 4. Fair | 1807 3660 3325 4400 3681 3616 4135 3874 3625 5. Poor | 1013 1937 1655 2337 1862 1670 1858 1654 1633 Value----------| S1SHLT S2SHLT S3SHLT S4SHLT S5SHLT S6SHLT S7SHLT S8SHLT S9SHLT .D=DK/NA | 3 2 5 4 2 7 12 5 .M=Oth missing | 2 .R=RF | 1 3 1 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1. Excellent | 2293 2166 1926 1871 1769 1499 1718 1502 1076 2. Very good | 2848 3819 3618 3887 3984 3581 3857 3627 3276 3. Good | 2809 3844 3487 4360 3842 3700 4080 3612 3516 4. Fair | 1287 2225 1990 2606 2147 2037 2339 2144 1978 5. Poor | 663 1030 890 1249 984 822 968 838 794

7

How Constructed RwSHLT is the respondent's self-reported general health status. Codes range from 1 for Excellent to 5 for Poor. SwSHLT is the respondent's spouse or partner's self-reported general health status. RwSHLT is assigned the value of the raw variable except that missing values for don't know, refused, and other missings are recoded to .D, .R, and .M, respectively. RwSHLT and SwSHLT are used in contruction of a change in health variable RwSHLTC. Please see "Change in Health" for a description of these measures. The SwSHLT variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported RwSHLT variables.

8

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1 values for self-reported health status are imputed by HRS if missing. These imputations are used. From Wave 2 forward, values are not imputed by HRS.

9

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V301 AHEAD 1993: B204 HRS 1994: W301 AHEAD 1995: D769 HRS 1996: E769 HRS 1998: F1097 HRS 2000: G1226 HRS 2002: HC001 HRS 2004: JC001 HRS 2006:

B1:RATE CURRENT HEAL:IMP B1. RATE HEALTH B1.RATE CURRENT HEALTH B1. RATE HEALTH B1. RATE HEALTH B1. RATE HEALTH B1. RATE HEALTH RATE HEALTH RATE HEALTH

6. Structure of Codebook

KC001 HRS 2008: LC001

RATE HEALTH RATE HEALTH

1

Title: The variables are documented in groups according to the concept that they measure. For example, there are ten variables related to self-reported health, corresponding to five waves and respondent/spouse. The title is often followed by a short description of the concept that is captured.

22

Variable Names: This entry shows the names of variables in the group. Not all variables are present on all files. For example, R1SHLT is present only on the first file, R2SHLT on the second, etc.

3

Variable Labels: This entry shows the SAS/Stata variable labels. As discussed above, the labels typically include the name of the variable, the file on which it is present, and a description of its contents.

4

Variable Type: This entry indicates the type of variable. It may be continuous (Cont), categorical (Categ), or character (Char).

5

6

Descriptive Statistics: This entry shows descriptive statistics on each variable. They include the number of nonmissing values, the mean, standard deviation, minimum value, and maximum value. Categorical Value Codes: This entry shows the value label codes. These are only relevant for categorical variables. The first character(s) of the value labels indicate the value to which each label has been assigned. For example, value “1” is mapped into “1. Excellent” (not just “Excellent”). The entry also indicates which labels are assigned to which variables, and shows frequency tabulations for all categorical variables.

7

How Constructed: This entry provides background on the manner in which variables were constructed.

8

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data: This entry briefly describes differences in question wording or contents between interview waves.

9

HRS Variables Used: This entry provides the names and labels of raw HRS variables that were used to construct the new variables.

46

7. Distribution and Technical Notes

7.

47

Distribution and Technical Notes

The RAND HRS Data are distributed with the following: • • • • •

Documentation: an electronic version of this documentation. Programs: source code of programs that were used to derive the RAND HRS Data files. All programs are written in SAS. SAS files: all waves of data in SAS format, compatible with Version 8+. Stata files: the data stored in longitudinal files are distributed in Stata 8 SE. The data split into wave-specific files are distributed in Stata 8 intercooled. SPSS files: all waves of data in SPSS for Windows format

This is version J of the RAND HRS Data. A variable called FileVer, with the single value “J”, identifies the version and appears on each file. We suggest that you create a directory for these files and subdirectories for the pieces, for example: C:\randhrs\doc for this file C:\randhrs\programs for the programs C:\randhrs\sasdata for the SAS files C:\randhrs\stata for the Stata files C:\randhrs\spss for the SPSS files

7.1.

Distribution files for Web Download

The files can be downloaded from the HRS web site (http://hrsonline.isr.umich.edu), once you have registered to use HRS data. They are zipped for downloading; you must unzip them to make them usable. They are available for download as an entire package or documentation only. There are four different format packages: SAS, Stata 8 SE, Stata 8 intercooled, and SPSS for Windows. SAS and Stata formats differ in value labels and missing value codes. The SAS format is the most comprehensive. Stata allows value labels for integer values only, so no value labels are available for non-integer values. Beginning with version 8, Stata supports multiple codes for missing values (.X, .S, .M, et cetera). SPSS does not support multiple missing codes. The files are available as one merged file, rndhrs_j.sas7bdat, containing all waves of data which is quite large but easiest to use. For intercooled Stata users, the data are also available as nine separate Stata files, one for each wave (rndhrs1i.dta to rndhrs9i.dta). Intercooled Stata 8 will also read the Stata 8 SE files if the list of variables to keep is limited to at most 2048. (The syntax is use [varlist] using [data file]).

7. Distribution and Technical Notes

48

We provide the data in SPSS for Windows format as well, which can be read using the GET FILE command 27. If you need any files in a different format, please contact us. RAND HRS Data Distribution Files Distribution file Included files name The complete package randhrsj.pdf rndpgmj.zip randJsas.zip rndhrs_j.sas7bdat formats.sas7bcat sasfmts.sas7bdat randJstataSE.zip

randhrsj.pdf rndpgmj.zip rndhrs_j.dta randJstataI.zip randhrsj.pdf rndpgmj.zip rndhrs1j.dta rndhrs2j.dta rndhrs3j.dta rndhrs4j.dta rndhrs5j.dta rndhrs6j.dta rndhrs7j.dta rndhrs8j.dta rndhrs9j.dta randJspss.zip randhrsj.pdf rndpgmj.zip rndhrs_j.sav Documentation only rnddocj.zip randhrsj.pdf rndpgmj.zip all programs

7.2.

Description

Codebook (this document) Programs SAS V9 data: all waves merged SAS format library for PC SAS users SAS formats as SAS dataset (if needed to create formats catalog) Codebook (this document) Programs Stata 8 SE data: all waves merged Codebook (this document) Programs Stata data, one file per wave, Stata 8 Intercooled.These include value labels assigned to variables where possible. Stata only allows labels for integer values. SAS special missing values are converted to Stata special missing values.

Codebook (this document) Programs SPSS data: all waves merged Documentation (this document) Programs

Programs and Macros

The SAS programs used to derive the variables on this file are included in the data distribution. When you unzip the rndpgmj.zip file it will create a Pgm\ directory with the

27

SPSS users may also read RAND HRS Data from SAS files with the SPSS GET SAS. The SAS format file that provides value labels is provided as a SAS data set (sasfmts.sas7bdat). The syntax of the command is: GET SAS DATA=‘name of sas data file’ /FORMATS=‘name of sas formats file’. For example: GET SAS DATA=‘rndhrs_i’ /FORMATS=‘sasfmts’. Please see your SPSS documentation for more information.

7. Distribution and Technical Notes

49

programs used to derive variables, with multiple subdirectories, corresponding to function. They are: • Demog: programs that derive demographic and family structure variables • Health: programs that derive health variables • Wealth: programs that derive wealth variables • Income: programs that derive income variables • Pension: programs that derive pension variables • SS: programs that derive social security variables • Health: programs that derive health variables • Ins: programs that derive insurance variables • Ret: programs that derive retirement variables • Emp: programs that derive employment variables • Mrg: program that pulls most raw variables needed by other programs • MrgI: program that combines the data from section-specific files The unzip will also create a Mac\ subdirectory where macros are stored and a Fmt\ subdirectory which stores the SAS formats. The programs begin with the RAND version of the “raw” HRS data, which are flat files (called Fat Files) for each wave with one observation per respondent and all the raw HRS variables. These files also include some Tracker file information such as gender and birth date, filled for new respondents when missing in the Tracker data. And they include some derived variables such as employer-provided health insurance summaries in HRS W1 and flags for problem cases. Household level variables are assigned to each respondent in the household and, where the household level data applies to an individual, self and spouse variables make clear whose data belongs to whom. The RAND-enhanced “raw” HRS data (RAND HRS Fat Files) will be provided on request via our website (http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/dataprod) where further description of these files may also be found. Beyond this document, the programs provide a precise record of how variables in the RAND HRS data were derived. If you would like to make different assumptions than we did, you can copy parts of our code and modify decisions we made. There are also a few files that you may find useful. The Pgm\setuphrs.inc file sets up SAS data libraries, gives locations of the macro files and format library, and includes common RAND HRS SAS macros. It also assigns a macro variable (&maxwv) to the last wave available in this version of the data. You can modify this file to your system and then include it at the top of your SAS programs to simplify these tasks. An example is given below. To use this file you will need to modify it for your system. The file itself contains comments on what you need to change. There are two macros that may be useful. They are wvlist and wvlabel, and can be found in the files Mac\wvlist.mac and Mac\wvlabel.mac. The wvlist macro makes a list of variables with the same stem for all waves, e.g.:

7. Distribution and Technical Notes

50

%wvlist(r,nmar mdiv mwid mend)

would insert the following in your code: R1MRCT R1MDIV R1MWID R1MEND

R2MRCT R2MDIV R2MWID R2MEND

R3MRCT R3MDIV R3MWID R3MEND

R4MRCT R4MDIV R4MWID R4MEND

R5MRCT R5MDIV R5MWID R5MEND

R6MRCT R6MDIV R6MWID R6MEND

R7MRCT R7MDIV R7MWID R7MEND

R8MRCT R8MDIV R8MWID R8MEND

R9MRCT R9MDIV R9MWID R9MEND

The wvlabel macro assigns labels to variables for all waves, e.g.: %wvlabel(r,mrct,%str(R # marriages));

assigns variable labels to R1MRCT, R2MRCT, etc. Details on the usage of these macros can be found in the comments at the beginning of the wvlist.mac and wvlabel.mac files themselves. For instance you can limit their effects to a range of waves, rather than all eight. The addsp macro will add spouse versions of variables to your data. It can be found in the Mac\addsp2.mac file. If you derive your own variables and use the same variable naming convention as is used in this data set, you can use addsp to add the spouse’s information with the “S” prefix instead of “R” on the variable name. For example: %addsp(R4MYVARA %wvlist(R,MYVARB),infile,outfile);

would make S4MYVARA, S1MYVARB, S2MYVARB, S3MYVARB, S4MYVARB, S5MYVARB, S6MYVARB, S7MYVARB, S8MYVARB and S9MYVARB by reading the R-versions of these variables from “infile” for the appropriate spouses, renaming the as an S-version, and adding it to “infile” variables to make “outfile”. The created S-variables are labeled and the .V and .U missing values are assigned as appropriate. The SwHHIDPN, SwIWSTAT, RwMSTAT, and RwMPART variables must be available on “infile”. To use the setuphrs.inc, wvlist.mac, wvlabel.mac, and addsp.mac files, a typical program would begin with: %include “[dir]\setuphrs.inc”; /* this includes the macros too */ Libname mylib “[name of folder to store your files”; data mylib.myfile; set randhrs.rndhrs_j (keep=HHIDPN …); […]

7.3.

The SAS Format Library

Many of the derived variables on this file have been assigned SAS formats, or value labels. The formats can be found in text format in one of the Fmt\*.fmt files and are all included on the SAS format library (formats.sas7bcat, as a SAS data set in sasfmts.sas7bdat). There are also SAS formats that are used to look up values using the SAS PUT function in data steps. For instance the format library includes yearly CPI-U values in this form.

7. Distribution and Technical Notes

51

7.3.1. Using (or Not Using) the SAS formats To use them from the SAS format library you must include a LIBNAME LIBRARY statement: LIBNAME LIBRARY “&fmtlib”; Where “&fmtlib” is the name of the directory where the formats.sas7bcat28 file is

stored. You can either put this statement in your SAS programs, e.g.: LIBNAME LIBRARY “c:\randhrs\sasdata”; where the format file is C:\randhrs\sasdata\formats.sas7bcat, or use “%include setuphrs.inc” where you have set the macro variable &fmtlib to the name of the

appropriate directory. If you do not have the LIBNAME LIBRARY statement in your program, SAS usually gives you an error message and stops processing, unless you specify NOFMTERR on an OPTIONS statement. If you prefer not to use the assigned SAS formats, you can use the following statement in SAS PROC steps or just after a SET or MERGE in a data step to unassign all formats: FORMAT _ALL_ ;

You can then assign formats as you wish. The format assignments we assigned to variables can be found by running a PROC CONTENTS on the data files. They are also listed in *.format files located in subdirectories of the Pgm\ directory. For example, the SS\ss_p.format file contains the SAS FORMAT statement that assigns Social Security variables to their formats. 7.3.2. Consumer Price Index (CPI-U) These deflation factors are based on the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ series of Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), All Items. In this series, 1982-84 is normalized to 100. For details see http://www.bls.gov/cpi. The CPI-U is available from 1913 to 2008. The index is stored in a SAS format called CPI. To get the CPI-U for a year you can use the following in a SAS data step: cpiu=put(ayear,CPI.); Where “ayear” is the name of a variable containing the 4-digit year for which you want the CPI-U and “cpiu” is the name of the variable that will hold the index for that year. “CPI.” is the name of the SAS format that has the indices for all available years. The CPI format is stored on the formats.sas7bcat file provided with this dataset.

28

Note that the SAS Version 9 format library, formats.sas7bcat, was made under Windows on a PC. Other operating systems, such as Unix, will read the data files, but not the format library. You can create a formats library under your version of SAS by using PROC FORMAT with the CNTLIN= parameter, using sasfmts.sas7bdat as the input control SAS dataset, e.g.: PROC FORMAT CNTLIN=library.sasfmts LIBRARY=library;

7. Distribution and Technical Notes

7.4.

52

Using the Data with Other HRS Files

To use these data with other HRS files, including the RAND-enhanced “raw” data files, you should be able to simply merge by HHIDPN. All RAND files are already sorted by this ID so should not need to be resorted. For instance to merge additional data from all waves of the RAND-enhanced Fat Files with RAND HRS data, you could use the following: %include “[dir]\setuphrs.inc”; Libname mylib “[name of folder to store your files”; data mylib.newfile; merge randhrs.rndhrs_j (keep=HHIDPN [list of other variables]) hrs.hd92f1c (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]) hrs.ad93f2a (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]) hrs.h94f1a (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]) hrs.ad95f2a (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]) hrs.h96f4a (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]) hrs.hd98f2b (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]) hrs.h00f1c (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]) hrs.h02f2a (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]) hrs.h04f1a (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]) hrs.h06f2a (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]) hrs.h08e1a (keep=HHIDPN [list of raw core variables]); by HHIDPN; where “[list of (other/raw core) variables]” would be replaced by a list of the SAS

variables you want to include. You can omit the KEEP option to include all the variables from a given data set, but in this example the output file would be extremely large if you did so for all the files listed. If you have HRS data files which use the character version of HHIDPN, the RAHHIDPN variable provides the 9-character equivalent of HHIDPN, filled with leading zeros, the format that corresponds to the concatenated HHID and PN character IDs provided in the raw HRS data. You may wish to rename HHIDPN to NHHIDPN and RAHHIDPN to HHIDPN or whatever variable name you have used on your other HRS data files. For Stata and SPSS users, you can find example programs on our web site at http://www.rand.org/labor/aging/dataprod/helphrs.html.

8:

Data Codebook

53

8:

Data Codebook

8:

Data Codebook

54

Contents of Data Codebook Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights .....................................................59 Person Specific Identifier............................................................................................................................ 60 Household Identifier ................................................................................................................................... 62 Spouse Identifier ......................................................................................................................................... 65 Overlap Identifier for cases that moved from HRS to AHEAD ................................................................. 67 Wave Status: Response Indicator................................................................................................................ 70 Wave Status: Interview Status .................................................................................................................... 71 Sample Cohort ............................................................................................................................................ 74 Whether Eligible for the HRS Sample........................................................................................................ 76 Sampling Weight ........................................................................................................................................ 78 Household Analysis Weight ....................................................................................................................... 79 Person-Level Analysis Weight ................................................................................................................... 81 Number of Household Respondents ........................................................................................................... 84 Whether Couple Household........................................................................................................................ 85 Financial , Family Respondent ................................................................................................................... 86 Whether Proxy Interview............................................................................................................................ 90 Interview Dates ........................................................................................................................................... 92 Birth date: Month, Year, and SAS date .................................................................................................... 101 Age at interview (in months and years) .................................................................................................... 104 Gender....................................................................................................................................................... 109 Race , Ethnicity: Race............................................................................................................................... 112 Race , Ethnicity: Whether Hispanic.......................................................................................................... 115 Census Region .......................................................................................................................................... 117 Education: Years of Education ................................................................................................................. 121 Education: Degrees,Diplomas................................................................................................................... 124 Education: Categorical summary.............................................................................................................. 128 Training..................................................................................................................................................... 130 Parents' Education: Mother’s Education................................................................................................... 132 Parents' Education: Father’s Education .................................................................................................... 135 Current Marital Status: With partnership.................................................................................................. 138 Current Marital Status: Current Partnership Status .................................................................................. 143 Current Marital Status: Without partnership............................................................................................. 146 Number of Marriages................................................................................................................................ 153 Marital History: Never married ................................................................................................................ 157 Marital History: # times divorced ............................................................................................................. 163 Marital History: # times widowed ............................................................................................................ 170 Marital History: # times don't know how marriage ended........................................................................ 177 Length of current marriage ....................................................................................................................... 184 Length of longest marriage (including current) ........................................................................................ 191 Religion..................................................................................................................................................... 200 Veteran status............................................................................................................................................ 202 Place of birth ............................................................................................................................................. 204 Parental mortality: Mother Alive .............................................................................................................. 207 Parental mortality: Father Alive................................................................................................................ 210

8:

Data Codebook

55

Parental mortality: Mother's current age or age at death .......................................................................... 213 Parental mortality: Father's current age or age at death............................................................................ 217 Section B: Health............................................................................................................221 Self-report of health .................................................................................................................................. 222 Self-report of health change...................................................................................................................... 224 Medical care utilization: Hospital............................................................................................................. 228 Medical care utilization: Nursing Home................................................................................................... 233 Medical care utilization: Doctor ............................................................................................................... 241 Medical care utilization: Home Care ........................................................................................................ 245 Medical care utilization: Other Medical Care Utilization......................................................................... 248 Medical expenditures: Out of Pocket and Total ....................................................................................... 254 Whether health limits work....................................................................................................................... 270 Activities of daily living (ADLs): Raw recodes ....................................................................................... 273 Activities of daily living (ADLs): Some difficulty................................................................................... 297 Activities of daily living (ADLs): Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog ............................... 308 Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs): Raw recodes.................................................................. 311 Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs): Some difficulty ............................................................. 328 Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs): Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog.......... 340 Other Functional Limitations: Raw recodes ............................................................................................. 343 Other Functional Limitations: Some difficulty......................................................................................... 365 Other Functional Limitations: Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog ..................................... 380 ADL Summary: sum ADLs where respondent reports any difficulty ...................................................... 385 IADL Summary: sum IADLs where respondent reports any difficulty ................................................... 388 Other Summary Indices: Mobility, Large Muscle, Gross Fine Motor Activities ..................................... 391 Mental health (CESD score) ..................................................................................................................... 395 Doctor diagnosed health problems: Raw Recodes and Question Wording .............................................. 409 Doctor diagnosed health problems: Ever Have Condition ....................................................................... 431 Doctor diagnosed health problems: Memory-related disease................................................................... 452 BMI ........................................................................................................................................................... 458 Back problems .......................................................................................................................................... 462 Ulcers ........................................................................................................................................................ 465 Health behaviors: Physical Activity or Exercise ...................................................................................... 467 Health behaviors: Drinking....................................................................................................................... 475 Health behaviors: Preventive behaviors.................................................................................................... 481 Health behaviors: Smoking (cigarettes).................................................................................................... 488 Change in Health: Self-reported health..................................................................................................... 492 Change in Health: Functional Limitations................................................................................................ 495 Change in Health: Conditions................................................................................................................... 501 Change in Health: Memory-related disease.............................................................................................. 512 Change in Health: Self-reported Mortality Expectations.......................................................................... 515 Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth...................................................................521 Net value of real estate (not primary residence) ....................................................................................... 522 Net value of vehicles................................................................................................................................. 525 Net value of businesses............................................................................................................................. 528 Net value of IRA, Keogh accounts ........................................................................................................... 532 Net value of stocks, mutual funds, and investment trusts......................................................................... 538

8:

Data Codebook

56

Value of checking, savings, or money market accounts........................................................................... 541 Value of CD, government savings bonds, and T-bills .............................................................................. 544 Net value of bonds and bond funds........................................................................................................... 547 Net value of all other savings.................................................................................................................... 550 Value of other debt.................................................................................................................................... 553 Value of primary residence....................................................................................................................... 556 Value of all mortgages (primary residence).............................................................................................. 561 Value of other home loans (primary residence)........................................................................................ 565 Net value of primary residence ................................................................................................................. 569 Value of secondary residence ................................................................................................................... 570 Value of all mortgages (secondary residence) .......................................................................................... 574 Net value of secondary residence ............................................................................................................. 577 Net value of non-housing financial wealth ............................................................................................... 578 Total Wealth (Excluding Secondary Residence) ...................................................................................... 579 Total Wealth (Including Secondary Residence) ....................................................................................... 580 Total Wealth (Excluding IRAs) ................................................................................................................ 581 Total Non-housing Wealth........................................................................................................................ 582 Change in wealth....................................................................................................................................... 583 Section D: Income ..........................................................................................................586 Individual Earnings................................................................................................................................... 587 Household Capital Income........................................................................................................................ 602 Individual Income from Employer Pension or Annuity ........................................................................... 627 Individual Income from Social Security DI or SSI................................................................................... 648 Individual Income from Social Security Retirement ................................................................................ 662 Individual Unemployment or Workers Compensation ............................................................................. 672 Individual income from other government transfers ................................................................................ 680 All other household income ...................................................................................................................... 695 Total household income (respondent & spouse)....................................................................................... 708 Poverty Threshold..................................................................................................................................... 711 Section E: Social Security..............................................................................................721 Receives Social Security in any wave ...................................................................................................... 722 Age when started to receive Social Security............................................................................................. 724 Ever applied for SSI or SS Disability (SSDI)........................................................................................... 727 Month and year applied for SSI or SSDI benefits .................................................................................... 730 Appealed or re-applied for SSI or SSDI benefits...................................................................................... 734 Month and year appealed or re-applied for SSI or SSDI benefits ............................................................ 737 Receives approval for SSI or SSDI........................................................................................................... 741 Month and year started receiving SSI or SSDI benefits ........................................................................... 745 Matching SSDI in Disability and Income Sections .................................................................................. 749 Type of disability benefit (SSI or SSDI)................................................................................................... 752 SSDI, SSI Disability Episodes.................................................................................................................. 755 SSDI, SSI Status (Each Wave) ................................................................................................................. 772 SSDI, SSI Amount Receiving (Each Wave)............................................................................................. 778 Section F: Pension ..........................................................................................................781 Currently receiving any pension income .................................................................................................. 782 # of Pensions currently receive ................................................................................................................. 785

8:

Data Codebook

57

Whether pensions can continue ................................................................................................................ 788 Any pension from current job ................................................................................................................... 792 # of pensions from current job .................................................................................................................. 797 Type of pension from current job ............................................................................................................. 801 Detailed type of pension from current job ................................................................................................ 808 Section G: Health Insurance .........................................................................................814 Covered by federal government Health insurance program ..................................................................... 815 Covered by Health insurance from a current or previous employer......................................................... 822 Whether employer-provided Health plan covers retirees ......................................................................... 831 Number of Health Insurance plans ........................................................................................................... 836 Plan-specific employer-provided health insurance: Source of insurance and who is covered ................. 839 Plan-specific employer-provided health insurance: Coverage in retirement............................................ 851 Covered by other Health insurance........................................................................................................... 862 Covered by long-term care insurance ....................................................................................................... 867 Covered by life insurance ......................................................................................................................... 871 Section H: Family Structure .........................................................................................874 Number of people living in the household................................................................................................ 875 Number of children ................................................................................................................................... 878 Number of living siblings ......................................................................................................................... 881 Number of living parents .......................................................................................................................... 887 Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations....................................................................890 Whether retired: Consider self retired....................................................................................................... 891 Whether retired: Retired Employment Status ........................................................................................... 894 Whether retired: Retirement Month and Year, If Says Retired ................................................................ 897 Planned retirement year ............................................................................................................................ 901 Expects spouse to retire at the same time ................................................................................................. 906 Concerned about having enough retirement income ................................................................................ 908 Expectations regarding retirement living standards versus current living standards................................ 910 Expectation of total retirement wealth...................................................................................................... 912 Plans to continue paid work in retirement ................................................................................................ 913 Self-reported probability of living to age 75............................................................................................. 914 Self-reported probability of living to age 85............................................................................................. 918 Categorical risk aversion: based on the set of “income gamble” questions ............................................. 925 Financial planning horizon ....................................................................................................................... 930 Self-reported probability of receiving an inheritance ............................................................................... 933 Self-reported probability of leaving a bequest.......................................................................................... 935 Self-reported probability of working full-time after age 62 ..................................................................... 940 Self-reported probability of working full-time after age 65 ..................................................................... 943 Self-reported probability of having a work limiting health problem in next 10 years ............................. 946 Self-reported probability of moving to nursing home in next 5 years...................................................... 948 Retirement satisfaction.............................................................................................................................. 950 Retirement years compared to years just before retirement...................................................................... 953 Section J: Employment History....................................................................................956 Currently working for pay ........................................................................................................................ 957 Whether Self-Employed............................................................................................................................ 961 Labor Force Status .................................................................................................................................... 964

8:

Data Codebook

58

Hours of work per week at current job ..................................................................................................... 970 Weeks worked per year at current job ...................................................................................................... 974 Wage rate .................................................................................................................................................. 978 Current job requires lots of physical effort ............................................................................................... 993 Current job requires lifting heavy loads.................................................................................................... 996 Current job requires stooping, kneeling, or crouching ............................................................................. 999 Current job requires good eyesight ......................................................................................................... 1002 Current job involves lots of stress........................................................................................................... 1005 Years of tenure on current job ................................................................................................................ 1008 Occupation code for current job ............................................................................................................. 1011 Industry code for current job................................................................................................................... 1017 Years of tenure at longest reported job ................................................................................................... 1021 Occupation code for job with longest reported tenure............................................................................ 1031 Industry code for job with longest tenure ............................................................................................... 1038 Job History Status ................................................................................................................................... 1043 Total years worked from self report........................................................................................................ 1053 Month and year last job ended ................................................................................................................ 1063

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

59

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

60

Person Specific Identifier Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 1

HHID PN

HHID: HHold ID / 6-Char Person Number (CHAR)

Char Char

1 1

HHIDPN RAHHIDPN

HHIDPN: HHold ID + Person Number /Num RAHHIDPN: HHold ID + Person Num /9-Char

Cont Char

Descriptive Statistics Variable HHIDPN

N

Mean

Std Dev

30548 164448608.767 140895906.891

Minimum

Maximum

1010.000 502761010.000

How Constructed: HHID is the 6-character HRS household identifier and PN is the 3-character person number. Together, HHID and PN uniquely identify each individual in the HRS public-release data. On the RAND HRS, they are provided separately and, for convenience, in combination as HHIDPN and RAHHIDPN. HHIDPN is the numeric version of the combined household and person identifier that identifies each respondent uniquely. It is set to HHID*1000 + PN. RAHHIDPN is the 9-character version of HHIDPN, with leading zeros. For example, if the HHID is 012345 and PN is 010 then HHIDPN is 12345010 and RAHHIDPN is 012345010. HHID and PN, HHIDPN, and RAHHIDPN are all equivalent and unique identifiers, and the RAND HRS sort order is the same for all three. To merge the RAND HRS with other data sources, one may use the single variables HHIDPN or RAHHIDPN, or the two variables HHID and PN, whichever is available and most convenient. Other RAND data products also provide all of these identifiers. The programs used to develop the RAND HRS use HHIDPN, so that means of the numeric ID may be checked to ensure none are missing. Around 100 individuals responded to HRS 1992 (W1) but were AHEAD eligible, and their households were given to the AHEAD sample. From 1993 on they are treated as AHEAD cases. On this file these cases are identified by their AHEAD IDs, and are linked to their HRS 1992 data. These are the only AHEAD entry cohort respondents with any W1 data. These "HRS-AHEAD" overlap cases are identified by RAOVRLAP (=1). There is one case that does not appear to be an overlap case, that is, has an HRS ID and no OVHHID, or AHEAD ID on the Tracker file, but is married in HRS W1 to an individual who is an overlap case. This individual is also married in Ahead to a spouse who appears to be the same as the HRS-only spouse. We treat these spouses as the same individual in this file, identified by the AHEAD ID. In addition a few individuals within the AHEAD sample married someone from a different AHEAD household. These cases have one AHEAD ID for early waves, but are assigned a new one after the within-sample marriage in the core public use data. This file identifies these respondents by their most recent AHEAD ID and links their data across all waves. RAOVRAYR gives the last year in which the original HHIDPN is assigned, i.e., the last interview before the within-sample marriage. For example, if someone married another AHEAD sample member in different household between 1995 and 1998, RAOVRAYR=1995. These "AHEAD-AHEAD" overlap cases are identified by RAOVRLAP as well (=2). Based on data alerts from HRS, we have made several changes to cases in 2000 and 2002. There is one case deleted in each of these years, and in 2000 HHIDPN 75573041 is changed to 75573010. Please refer to Appendix A for a list of overlap cases and other ID change information. Please see the section on “Overlap cases” for a description of the RAOVRLAP flag and alternate IDs.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: HHID PN AHEAD 1993: HHID PN HRS 1994: HHID PN AHEAD 1995: HHID PN HRS 1996: HHID PN HRS 1998: HHID PN HRS 2000: HHID PN HRS 2002: HHID PN HRS 2004: HHID PN HRS 2006: HHID PN HRS 2008: HHID PN Tracker: HHID OVHHID OVPN PN

HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER OVERLAP CASE: OLD HHID OVERLAP CASE: OLD PN PERSON NUMBER

61

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

62

Household Identifier Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1HHID H2HHID H3HHID H4HHID H5HHID H6HHID H7HHID H8HHID H9HHID

H1HHID:W1 H2HHID:W2 H3HHID:W3 H4HHID:W4 H5HHID:W5 H6HHID:W6 H7HHID:W7 H8HHID:W8 H9HHID:W9

HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1HHIDC H2HHIDC H3HHIDC H4HHIDC H5HHIDC H6HHIDC H7HHIDC H8HHIDC H9HHIDC

H1HHIDC:W1 H2HHIDC:W2 H3HHIDC:W3 H4HHIDC:W4 H5HHIDC:W5 H6HHIDC:W6 H7HHIDC:W7 H8HHIDC:W8 H9HHIDC:W9

ID ID ID ID ID ID ID ID ID

HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold

+ + + + + + + + +

ID ID ID ID ID ID ID ID ID

SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold

+ + + + + + + + +

/Num /Num /Num /Num /Num /Num /Num /Num /Num

SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold SubHHold

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

/7-Char /7-Char /7-Char /7-Char /7-Char /7-Char /7-Char /7-Char /7-Char

Char Char Char Char Char Char Char Char Char

Descriptive Statistics Variable H1HHID H2HHID H3HHID H4HHID H5HHID H6HHID H7HHID H8HHID H9HHID

N 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

Mean 492181.428 1133404.384 1090001.283 1209708.445 1178813.450 1139084.046 1748203.120 1716759.780 1717848.991

Std Dev 273913.387 791404.840 784075.677 767109.006 763685.688 755911.121 1606542.384 1610087.258 1641192.706

Minimum 10.000 10.000 20.000 20.000 20.000 30.000 30.000 30.000 30.000

Maximum 2088670.000 2088980.000 2088980.000 2134790.000 2134790.000 2134790.000 5027610.000 5027610.000 5027610.000

How Constructed: The HwHHID identifiers combine HHID with sub-household ID for each wave. They uniquely identify a household in a given wave. Households that split are given different subHH ids by HRS. HwHHID is numeric (HHID*10+subHH). HwHHIDC is the 7-character version, with leading zeros. For example if HHID is 012345 and the Wave “w” subHH is 2 then HwHHID is 123452 and HwHHIDC is “0123452”. Around 100 individuals responded to HRS 1992 (W1) but were AHEAD eligible, and their households were given to the AHEAD sample. From 1993 on they are treated as AHEAD cases. On this file these cases are identified by their AHEAD IDs, and are linked to their HRS 1992 data. These are the only AHEAD entry cohort respondents with any W1 data. These "HRS-AHEAD" overlap cases are identified by RAOVRLAP (=1). In addition a few individuals within the AHEAD sample married someone from a different AHEAD household. These cases have one AHEAD ID for early waves, but are assigned a new one after the within-sample marriage. This file identifies these respondents by their most recent AHEAD HHIDPN. RAOVRAYR gives the last year in which the original HHIDPN is assigned, i.e., the last interview before the within-sample marriage. For example, if someone married another AHEAD sample member in different household between 1995 and 1998, RAOVRAYR=1995. These are "AHEAD-AHEAD" overlap cases and are identified by RAOVRLAP as well (=2).

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

63

For the HRS-AHEAD overlap cases the HwHHID and HwHHIDC variables reflect the AHEAD household identifier in all waves. For the AHEAD-AHEAD overlap cases, HwHHID and HwHHIDC reflect the actual AHEAD sub-household for the respondent in each wave. So, for example, if R was in household 200000.0 in 1995 and married into household 290000.0 in 1998, H3HHID would be 200000.0 and H4HHID would be 290000.0. Please refer to Appendix A for a list of overlap cases. Also in Wave 3H, there are a few households that appear to be reunited based on answers to questions in the CoverSheet section. They are reunited in Wave 4 in the public use HRS core data, but have different sub-household IDs in Wave 3. We reunite them in Wave 3 in the RAND HRS. These households are: 17520 (PNs 010 and 040), 22999 (PNs 010 and 020), 40609 (PNs 010 and 020), 40441 (PNs 010 and 020), 50945 (PNs 010 and 040). These cases will have different sub-household IDs in H3HHID from the ESUBHH found in the Tracker and core 1996 files. The spouse PNs will also differ. In 1994, one household, 15730 is split in the core data, but together in Tracker file. In this household, 15730.020 was interviewed, then died before the widow (15730.030) was interviewed. We treat these two cases as being in separate households, as they are in the core data. In some other households, the Tracker file shows a non-responding spouse, but the core data indicate that the couple is split. We treat these couples as split. In most households, this involves a change for the non-responding spouse so that the sub-household ID on this file differs from that on the Tracker file but still matches that on the core data. For two households, 10646 and 65564, the FSUBHH used to derive H4HHID also differs from that on the core 1998 data for the responding spouse. That is, they are shown as not split in both Tracker and 1998 core data, but are split on the RAND HRS based on core cover sheet information. Note that the spouse PN for the responding spouse in these two households was set to missing in Wave 4.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: HHID AHEAD 1993: BSUBHH HHID HRS 1994: W2SUBHH HHID AHEAD 1995: DSUBHH HHID HRS 1996: ESUBHH HHID HRS 1998: FSUBHH HHID HRS 2000: GSUBHH HHID HRS 2002: HHID HSUBHH HRS 2004: HHID JSUBHH HRS 2006: HHID KSUBHH HRS 2008: HHID LSUBHH

HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1993 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HRS Wave 2 Sub-household ID HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1995 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1996 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1998 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2000 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

Tracker: ASUBHH BSUBHH CSUBHH DSUBHH ESUBHH FSUBHH GSUBHH HHID HSUBHH JSUBHH KSUBHH LSUBHH OVHHID OVPN PN

1992 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1993 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1994 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1995 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1996 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1998 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2000 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER OVERLAP CASE: OLD HHID OVERLAP CASE: OLD PN PERSON NUMBER

64

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

65

Spouse Identifier Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HHIDPN S2HHIDPN S3HHIDPN S4HHIDPN S5HHIDPN S6HHIDPN S7HHIDPN S8HHIDPN S9HHIDPN

S1HHIDPN:W1 S2HHIDPN:W2 S3HHIDPN:W3 S4HHIDPN:W4 S5HHIDPN:W5 S6HHIDPN:W6 S7HHIDPN:W7 S8HHIDPN:W8 S9HHIDPN:W9

Spouse Spouse Spouse Spouse Spouse Spouse Spouse Spouse Spouse

HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

RASPCT

RASPCT: # of spouses with ID

Cont

1

RASPID1

RASPID1: HHIDPN of 1st spouse

Cont

1

RASPID2

RASPID2: HHIDPN of 2nd spouse

Cont

1

RASPID3

RASPID3: HHIDPN of 3rd spouse

Cont

1

RASPID4

RASPID4: HHIDPN of 4th spouse

Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

S1HHIDPN S2HHIDPN S3HHIDPN S4HHIDPN S5HHIDPN S6HHIDPN S7HHIDPN S8HHIDPN S9HHIDPN

12652 40146194.528 31817608.987 19579 69286448.522 78269490.346 17926 64704954.332 75512966.795 21318 73875455.178 79688483.077 19545 70097172.548 77812345.281 18146 65990565.111 75309758.893 20118 114263253.866 160029968.422 18468 111704936.990 159934303.823 17217 110959812.270 162222166.015

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

208867020.000 208898020.000 208898020.000 213479020.000 213479020.000 213479020.000 502759020.000 502759020.000 502759020.000

RASPCT

30548

0.000

4.000

RASPID1

22826 155555455.277 144913469.832

3010.000 502759020.000

RASPID2

704 101293183.200 105887565.328

10299012.000 502602021.000

0.771

RASPID3

33

69394599.303

RASPID4

1

17641013.000

0.476

60458847.967 .

15911022.000 208867022.000 17641013.000

17641013.000

How Constructed: HRS respondents have up to 4 different individuals as spouses or partners from 1992 to 2008. Cohabiting partners are treated as spouses for all but the marriage variables in this file. RASPCT tells how many spouses R has over all waves. Their HHIDPNs are given in RASPID1-RASPID4. SwHHIDPN gives the HHIDPN of the spouse in Wave 'w'. The SwHHIDPN variables are derived from HHID and the spouse person numbers found in the core data and on the Tracker file. These are the numeric versions of the IDs.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

66

There are a number of cases where the spouse PN on the Tracker file does not match that used in the core data or in this file. In some cases the spouse identified on the Tracker is deceased or otherwise non-responding when R indicates not being married or partnered. In other cases, the spouse PN is missing on the Tracker file but available in the core data. On this file, the SwHHIDPNs of deceased or other spouses no longer part of the couple are set to zero, and core spouse PNs are used when missing from Tracker. If there is no spouse in a given wave, SwHHIDPN is set to zero. If SwHHIDPN is unknown, and the marital status in a particular wave is either missing (.M) or married, SwHHIDPN is set to a special missing code of .M. If R is non-response in a given wave, SwHHIDPN is set to plain missing (.). There are spouse versions of most respondent variables. Each wave carries that wave's spouse's demographic and other information. For example, S1BDATE and S4BDATE are the birth dates for the Wave 1 and Wave 4 spouses, respectively. If the spouse in Wave 4 is the same as the spouse in Wave 1, these dates will be identical. But if the spouse in Wave 4 is different from the spouse in Wave 1, these will probably be different dates. If these spouse variables are missing because R is not married or partnered, they are set to SAS special missing .U. If they are missing because R's spouse or partner did not respond they are set to a .V missing.

HRS Variables Used AHEAD 1993: BSPN HHID HRS 2002: HPN_SP HHID HRS 2004: JPN_SP HHID HRS 2006: KPN_SP HHID HRS 2008: LPN_SP HHID Tracker: APPN BPPN CPPN DPPN EPPN FPPN GPPN HHID HPPN JPPN KPPN LPPN

SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2004 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2006 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2008 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1992 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON 1993 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON 1994 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON 1995 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON 1996 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON 1998 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON 2000 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON 2004 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON 2006 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON 2008 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON

NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

67

Overlap Identifier for cases that moved from HRS to AHEAD Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAOVRLAP

RAOVRLAP: Overlap/AltID case

Categ

1

RAOVRAYR

RAOVRAYR:Ahd-Ahd ovrlap-alt id end yr

Cont

1

HAOAHDHH

HAOAHDHH: Overlap/AltID case-Ahead core HHID/Num

Cont

1

RAOAHDID

RAOAHDID: Overlap/AltID case-Ahead core HHIDPN

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1OAHDID S2OAHDID S3OAHDID S4OAHDID S5OAHDID S6OAHDID S7OAHDID S8OAHDID S9OAHDID

S1OAHDID: S2OAHDID: S3OAHDID: S4OAHDID: S5OAHDID: S6OAHDID: S7OAHDID: S8OAHDID: S9OAHDID:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

H1OHRSHH

H1OHRSHH:W1 HRS core HHID + SubHHold /Num

Cont

1

RAOHRSID

RAOHRSID: Overlap/AltID case-HRS core HHIDPN/Num

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1OHRSID S2OHRSID S3OHRSID S4OHRSID S5OHRSID S6OHRSID S7OHRSID S8OHRSID S9OHRSID

S1OHRSID: S2OHRSID: S3OHRSID: S4OHRSID: S5OHRSID: S6OHRSID: S7OHRSID: S8OHRSID: S9OHRSID:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID

Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID Overlap/AltID

case-Ahead case-Ahead case-Ahead case-Ahead case-Ahead case-Ahead case-Ahead case-Ahead case-Ahead

case-HRS case-HRS case-HRS case-HRS case-HRS case-HRS case-HRS case-HRS case-HRS

core core core core core core core core core

core core core core core core core core core

HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN HHIDPN

HHIDPN/Num HHIDPN/Num HHIDPN/Num HHIDPN/Num HHIDPN/Num HHIDPN/Num HHIDPN/Num HHIDPN/Num HHIDPN/Num

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RAOVRLAP

30548

0.004

0.062

0.000

2.000

RAOVRAYR

30548

0.131

16.154

0.000

1998.000

HAOAHDHH

30548

750.380

12371.033

0.000

208867.000

RAOAHDID

30548

750379.752

12371033.644

0.000 208867020.000

S1OAHDID S2OAHDID S3OAHDID S4OAHDID S5OAHDID S6OAHDID S7OAHDID S8OAHDID S9OAHDID

10279 13608 12269 14453 13007 11824 13307 12000 10953

2170520.054 1593881.143 1434741.975 1103979.047 1084597.757 865521.460 600720.191 545960.373 431146.385

20968403.458 17990880.046 17078562.494 14988650.825 14853225.529 13283306.824 11081327.601 10559501.440 9399931.701

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

208867020.000 208867020.000 208867020.000 208867020.000 208289020.000 208867020.000 208867020.000 207784020.000 208867020.000

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

68

H1OHRSHH

30548

1595.246

29981.447

0.000

870320.000

RAOHRSID

30548

159524.707

2998146.057

0.000

87032030.000

S1OHRSID S2OHRSID S3OHRSID S4OHRSID S5OHRSID S6OHRSID S7OHRSID S8OHRSID S9OHRSID

10279 13608 12269 14453 13007 11824 13307 12000 10953

470989.174 350099.402 324834.799 238759.628 235302.273 172923.309 115974.371 102672.981 88615.773

5144962.686 4457688.020 4309945.564 3645042.873 3619739.253 3128041.326 2511708.093 2279046.220 2139235.678

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

87032030.000 87032030.000 87032030.000 87032030.000 87032030.000 87032030.000 87032030.000 87032030.000 87032030.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|RAOVRLAP 0.Not ovrlap case | 30436 1.Hrs-Ahd ovrlap | 110 2.Ahd-Ahd ovrlap | 2

How Constructed: Around 100 individuals responded to HRS 1992 (W1) but were AHEAD eligible, and their households were given to the AHEAD sample. From 1993 on they are treated as AHEAD cases. On this file these cases are identified by their AHEAD IDs, and are linked to their HRS 1992 data. These are the only AHEAD entry cohort respondents with any W1 data. These are "HRS-AHEAD" overlap cases and are identified by RAOVRLAP (=1). There is one case that does not appear to be an overlap case, that is, has an HRS ID and no OVHHID on the Tracker file, but is married in HRS W1 to a spouse who is an overlap case. The spouse is married in Ahead to an individual who appears to be the same as the HRS-only spouse. We treat these spouses as the same people in this file. In addition a few individuals within the AHEAD sample married someone from a different AHEAD household. These cases have one AHEAD ID for early waves, but are assigned a new one after the within-sample marriage. This file identifies these respondents by their most recent AHEAD ID. RAOVRAYR gives the last year in which the original HHIDPN is assigned, i.e., the last interview before the within-sample marriage. For example, if someone married another AHEAD sample member in a different household between 1995 and 1998, RAOVRAYR=1995. These are "AHEAD-AHEAD" overlap cases and are identified by RAOVRLAP as well (=2). RAOAHDID is the AHEAD HHIDPN for the HRS-AHEAD overlap respondents, and the original AHEAD ID for AHEAD-AHEAD overlap respondents. HAOAHDHH gives just the HHID portion of RAOAHDID. On this file, HHIDPN (numeric), RAHHIDPN (character), and RAOAHDID (numeric) are all equal for HRS-AHEAD overlap cases. For AHEAD-AHEAD overlap cases, HHIDPN and RAHHIDPN are the most recent AHEAD ID, different from the original one found in RAOAHDID. RAOAHDID matches the OVHHID and OVPN found for the AHEAD-AHEAD overlap cases on the Tracker file, and the HHID and PN found in the core data for interviews up to and including RAOVRAYR. HHIDPN and RAHHIDPN match HHID and PN found in the core data for interviews after RAOVRAYR. RAOHRSID is the HRS HHIDPN for the HRS-AHEAD overlap respondents. RAOHRSID is the HHIDPN that identifies R in the HRS Wave 1 Public Use Data and by OVHHID and OVPN on the Tracker file. For the HRS-AHEAD overlap cases the HwHHID and HwHHIDC variables reflect the AHEAD household identifier in all waves. For the AHEAD-AHEAD overlap cases, HwHHID and HwHHIDC reflect the actual AHEAD sub-household for the respondent in each wave. So, for example, if R was in household 200000.0 in 1995 and married into household 290000.0 in 1998, H3HHID would be 200000.0 and H4HHID would be 290000.0.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

69

RAOHRSHH is the HRS HHID for respondents in the overlap household, and H1HRSHH is the HRS Wave 1 HHID plus sub-household for overlap respondents. For AHEAD-AHEAD overlap cases these HRS IDs are set to zero. For non-overlap cases, all overlap IDs and RAOVRLAP are set to zero. The spouse overlap flag and identifiers are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's variables, i.e., from the Wave 'w' spouse's RAOVRLAP, RAOAHDID, RAOHRSID, and RAOVRAYR.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Tracker V3.1 identifies all the AHEAD-AHEAD overlap cases and adds three HRS-AHEAD overlap case not identified on Tracker V2.0. Version C of this file had already identified two of the three new HRS-AHEAD overlap cases. Version D of this file added one new HRS-AHEAD and all AHEAD-AHEAD overlap cases.

HRS Variables Used Tracker: HHID OVHHID OVPN PN

HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER OVERLAP CASE: OLD HHID OVERLAP CASE: OLD PN PERSON NUMBER

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

70

Wave Status: Response Indicator Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

INW1 INW2 INW3 INW4 INW5 INW6 INW7 INW8 INW9

Label INW1: INW2: INW3: INW4: INW5: INW6: INW7: INW8: INW9:

Type =1 =1 =1 =1 =1 =1 =1 =1 =1

if if if if if if if if if

Respondent Respondent Respondent Respondent Respondent Respondent Respondent Respondent Respondent

W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 W9

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable INW1 INW2 INW3 INW4 INW5 INW6 INW7 INW8 INW9

N 30548 30548 30548 30548 30548 30548 30548 30548 30548

Mean

Std Dev

0.414 0.643 0.589 0.700 0.641 0.595 0.659 0.605 0.564

Minimum

0.493 0.479 0.492 0.458 0.480 0.491 0.474 0.489 0.496

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| 0.NonResp | 1.Resp,alive |

INW1 17896 12652

INW2 10906 19642

INW3 12557 17991

INW4 9164 21384

INW5 10969 19579

INW6 12381 18167

INW7 10419 20129

INW8 12079 18469

INW9 13331 17217

How Constructed: These indicate whether an individual responded to a particular wave. In previous version of this file, INW2 further identifies the deceased proxies included in the data for wave 2H (INW2=2). We exclude the deceased proxies (INW2=2) in this version of the file (Version F forward). Interviews for the deceased are not included in any of the other waves. The Tracker file identifies one additional respondent as deceased at Wave 2H, but flags in the HRS W2 data indicate that this case actually completed the interview and then died. In previous version of RANDHRS, this case has INW2=1 with R2IWSTAT=2-Died after interview and in skip patterns within the interview the case is treated as living. From Version F forward, we treat this case as deceased in W2, that is, we use the Tracker file mortality status.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1994: W117

ICS5a. Reason for Proxy

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

71

Wave Status: Interview Status Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IWSTAT R2IWSTAT R3IWSTAT R4IWSTAT R5IWSTAT R6IWSTAT R7IWSTAT R8IWSTAT R9IWSTAT

R1IWSTAT:W1 R2IWSTAT:W2 R3IWSTAT:W3 R4IWSTAT:W4 R5IWSTAT:W5 R6IWSTAT:W6 R7IWSTAT:W7 R8IWSTAT:W8 R9IWSTAT:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Status Status Status Status Status Status Status Status Status

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IWSTAT S2IWSTAT S3IWSTAT S4IWSTAT S5IWSTAT S6IWSTAT S7IWSTAT S8IWSTAT S9IWSTAT

S1IWSTAT:W1 S2IWSTAT:W2 S3IWSTAT:W3 S4IWSTAT:W4 S5IWSTAT:W5 S6IWSTAT:W6 S7IWSTAT:W7 S8IWSTAT:W8 S9IWSTAT:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Status Status Status Status Status Status Status Status Status

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1IWSTAT R2IWSTAT R3IWSTAT R4IWSTAT R5IWSTAT R6IWSTAT R7IWSTAT R8IWSTAT R9IWSTAT

30548 30548 30548 30548 30548 30548 30548 30548 30548

0.446 0.855 1.081 1.518 1.825 2.107 2.489 2.816 3.055

0.586 0.902 1.295 1.604 1.906 2.131 2.199 2.342 2.406

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000

4.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1IWSTAT S2IWSTAT S3IWSTAT S4IWSTAT S5IWSTAT S6IWSTAT S7IWSTAT S8IWSTAT S9IWSTAT

10279 13608 12269 14453 13007 11824 13307 12000 10953

1.111 1.110 1.087 1.099 1.064 1.046 1.076 1.075 1.095

0.565 0.567 0.502 0.535 0.433 0.370 0.476 0.518 0.585

1.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.000 1.000 1.000

4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 5.000 7.000 7.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1IWSTAT R2IWSTAT R3IWSTAT R4IWSTAT R5IWSTAT R6IWSTAT R7IWSTAT R8IWSTAT R9IWSTAT 0.Inap. | 17652 9358 9211 4093 3949 3788 267 110 1.Resp, alive | 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217 4.NR, alive | 244 1299 2000 2167 2479 2240 2298 2163 2115 5.NR, died this wv | 226 1088 1346 1439 1572 1297 1384 1279 6.NR, died prev wv | 226 1314 2660 4099 5671 6968 8304 7.NR, dropped from samp | 23 32 244 442 682 885 1453 1632 9.NR, DK if alive or died | 1 1 1

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

72

Value-------------------------|S1IWSTAT S2IWSTAT S3IWSTAT S4IWSTAT S5IWSTAT S6IWSTAT S7IWSTAT S8IWSTAT S9IWSTAT .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 64 64 62 34 37 45 52 58 0.Inap. | 17 1 1.Resp, alive | 9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646 4.NR, alive | 379 503 354 475 277 183 321 225 258 5.NR, died this wv | 13 9 12 7.NR, dropped from samp | 31 37

How Constructed: This variable gives the response and mortality status of the respondent at each wave. Respondents are identified by code 1, non-respondents by codes 0, 4-7 and 9. Mortality status is taken from the Tracker file. Known alive and presumed alive are both treated as indication that the respondent is living. Non-response code 4 means that the respondent is alive so far as we know but did not respond. A code of 5 means that the respondent died between the last interview and the current one, and 6 means that the respondent had died before a previous wave. A code of 9 means that we don't know if the individual is alive or not; Tracker indicates this in the xALIVE variables for each wave. However Tracker indicates some individuals are alive at a subsequent interview. We carry the living status back in these cases. The xALIVE variable on the Tracker file is sometimes zero or missing before an individual enters the sample or when an individual has been dropped from the sample. In these cases, if the Tracker variable xINSAMP indicates that R has not entered the sample because the cohort has not yet been interviewed or R marries into the sample at a later wave (xINSAMP=2 or 3), RwIWSTAT is set to 0. If R has been dropped from the sample because s/he was eligible to be an HRS-AHEAD overlap case but never responded to AHEAD (xINSAMP=4), alive but asked to be dropped from the study before the wave (xINSAMP=6), or for other reasons (xINSAMP=8), then RwIWSTAT is set to 7. SwIWSTAT gives the response and mortality status of the current wave's spouse at each wave, if available. It is taken from the spouse's RxIWSTAT if the spouse appears on the Tracker file. Note when a spouse dies the spouse interview status for the surviving spouse will have a code of .U=respondent unmarried if the widow does not remarry. A .V missing code indicates that there is no information in the Tracker file on why the spouse did not respond. Note also that SxIWSTAT is set to plain missing (.) if an individual did not respond at a particular interview, including if he/she died. Surviving spouses are interviewed, but we do not at this time indicate whether the surviving spouse is a respondent or not in the deceased's spouse's interview status. In previous versions of RANDHRS, Wave 2H included proxy interviews for deceased respondents and were given R2IWSTAT=3.Proxy respondent; R is deceased at the time of the interview. From Version F forward, we exclude these deceased respondents. There are no deceased respondents in any other wave. The Tracker file identified one additional respondent as deceased at Wave 2H, but flags in the HRS W2 data indicate that this case actually completed the interview and then died. In previous versions of RANDHRS, this case had INW2=1 with R2IWSTAT=2-Died after interview and in skip patterns within the interview the case was treated as living. From Version F forward, we treat this case as deceased in W2, that is, we use the Tracker file mortality status.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 2H, exit interviews (proxy interviews on the deceased) were included in the previous version of this file along with the core interviews. This is the only wave where deceased respondents are included. Beginning with version F, we excluded the deceased proxies. With Tracker 2008, the xALIVE flag is sometimes zero or missing when an individual has been dropped from the sample. The xINSAMP code indicates why someone is dropped from the sample. In these cases, xINSAMP indicates why R has been dropped from the sample. Reasons are s/he was eligible to

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

be an HRS-AHEAD overlap case but never responded to AHEAD (xINSAMP=4), alive but asked to be dropped from the study before the wave (xINSAMP=6), or for other reasons (xINSAMP=8).

HRS Variables Used Tracker: AALIVE BALIVE CALIVE DALIVE EALIVE FALIVE GALIVE HALIVE JALIVE KALIVE LALIVE

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

VITAL VITAL VITAL VITAL VITAL VITAL VITAL VITAL VITAL VITAL VITAL

STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS

73

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

74

Sample Cohort Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

HACOHORT

HACOHORT: Sample cohort

Categ

1

RACOHBYR

RACOHBYR: Cohort based on birth yr

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1COHBYR S2COHBYR S3COHBYR S4COHBYR S5COHBYR S6COHBYR S7COHBYR S8COHBYR S9COHBYR

S1COHBYR: S2COHBYR: S3COHBYR: S4COHBYR: S5COHBYR: S6COHBYR: S7COHBYR: S8COHBYR: S9COHBYR:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Cohort Cohort Cohort Cohort Cohort Cohort Cohort Cohort Cohort

based based based based based based based based based

on on on on on on on on on

birth birth birth birth birth birth birth birth birth

yr yr yr yr yr yr yr yr yr

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

HACOHORT

30548

2.682

1.283

0.000

5.000

RACOHBYR

30547

2.594

1.380

0.000

5.000

S1COHBYR S2COHBYR S3COHBYR S4COHBYR S5COHBYR S6COHBYR S7COHBYR S8COHBYR S9COHBYR

10279 13583 12246 14441 13002 11815 13304 11997 10926

2.999 2.418 2.478 2.687 2.751 2.822 3.028 3.086 3.130

0.717 1.067 1.053 1.128 1.111 1.095 1.393 1.381 1.388

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|HACOHORT 0.Hrs/Ahead ovrlap | 113 1.Ahead | 8323 2.Coda | 2412 3.Hrs | 13483 4.WarBabies | 2743 5.Early BabyBoomers | 3474 Value-------------------------|RACOHBYR .M=Oth missing | 1 0.Not in any cohort | 1119 1.Ahead | 7759 2.Coda | 4210 3.Hrs | 10376 4.WarBabies | 3479 5.Early BabyBoomers | 3604 Value-------------------------|S1COHBYR S2COHBYR S3COHBYR S4COHBYR S5COHBYR S6COHBYR S7COHBYR S8COHBYR S9COHBYR .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 89 87 74 39 46 48 55 85 0.Not in any cohort | 113 102 112 268 266 279 924 843 832 1.Ahead | 217 3833 3096 2391 1811 1313 975 692 483

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

2.Coda 3.Hrs 4.WarBabies 5.Early BabyBoomers

| | | |

1024 7441 1185 299

75

1605 6653 1115 275

1436 6286 1061 255

2708 5963 2451 660

2401 5554 2355 615

2104 5248 2273 598

1870 4957 2187 2391

1599 4549 2079 2235

1328 4197 1958 2128

How Constructed: HACOHORT identifies the cohort in which the household was originally sampled. the cohort a respondent fits into based on birth year.

RACOHBYR identifies

There are five birth year cohorts in the HRS: 1) AHEAD, born before 1924; 2) the Children of Depression (CODA), born 1924-1930; 3) HRS, born 1931-1941; 4) War Babies (WB), born 1942-1947, and Early Baby Boomers (EBB), born 1948-1953. The HRS sample was interviewed separately in 1992, 1994, and 1996. The AHEAD sample was interviewed separately in 1993 and 1995. The two studies were merged and the CODA and WB cohorts added in 1998. The EBB cohort was added in 2004. HACOHORT does not necessarily reflect a birth year range, but indicates when and how the household entered the study. The RACOHBYR variable indicates which cohort a person falls into based on birth year. In this version of the RAND HRS Data all entry cohorts, that is - HRS, AHEAD, CODA, WB, and EBB - are included. HACOHORT is assigned based on both response patterns and variables in the raw data that identify the cohort. HHIDPN could also be used, as each cohort has a unique range. HRS/AHEAD Overlap cases are identified as a separate category of their own. Please see the RAOVRLAP variable description for more information on these cases. RACOHBYR is assigned based on RABYEAR. Those with birth years before 1924 are set to the Ahead cohort, 1924-1930 are set to the CODA cohort, 1931-1941 are set to the HRS cohort, 1942-1947 are set to the WB cohort, and 1948-1953 are set to the EBB cohort. If birth year is missing, then RACOHBYR is missing. If birth year is after 1953 then RABCOHBYR is set to zero. SwCOHBYR is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's value for RACOHBYR, i.e., based on the spouse's birth year. See also RAHRSAMP which identifies age-eligible members of the HRS cohort (HACOHORT=3 and RACHOBYR=3) who responded to HRS 1992, and RAAHDSMP which identifies age-eligible members of the AHEAD cohort (HACOHORT=1 and RACOHBYR=1) who responded to Ahead 1993. NOTE: At least one respondent in a household should have a birth year appropriate for the cohort (though this is not always the case), but spouses may not. From the HRS documentation on the weights, it appears that weights were assigned based on birth year, regardless of how a person entered the sample, beginning in 1998.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1998: F461 HRS 2000: G482 HRS 2002: HZ023 HRS 2004: JZ023 HRS 2006: KZ023 HRS 2008: LZ023 Tracker: HHIDPN OVHHID

PRELOAD COHORT CS0Y9.PRELOAD ENTRY COHORT WHICH COHORT WHICH COHORT WHICH COHORT PREV WAVE WHICH COHORT HHIDPN: identifies indiv on tracker/numeric OVERLAP CASE: OLD HHID

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

76

Whether Eligible for the HRS Sample Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAHRSAMP

RAHRSAMP: HRS Sample-Age Elig/Hrs92 Resp

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HRSAMP S2HRSAMP S3HRSAMP S4HRSAMP S5HRSAMP S6HRSAMP S7HRSAMP S8HRSAMP S9HRSAMP

S1HRSAMP: S2HRSAMP: S3HRSAMP: S4HRSAMP: S5HRSAMP: S6HRSAMP: S7HRSAMP: S8HRSAMP: S9HRSAMP:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

RAAHDSMP

RAAHDSMP: AHEAD Sample-Age Elig/Ahd93 Resp

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1AHDSMP S2AHDSMP S3AHDSMP S4AHDSMP S5AHDSMP S6AHDSMP S7AHDSMP S8AHDSMP S9AHDSMP

S1AHDSMP: S2AHDSMP: S3AHDSMP: S4AHDSMP: S5AHDSMP: S6AHDSMP: S7AHDSMP: S8AHDSMP: S9AHDSMP:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

HRS HRS HRS HRS HRS HRS HRS HRS HRS

Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age

AHEAD AHEAD AHEAD AHEAD AHEAD AHEAD AHEAD AHEAD AHEAD

Elig/Hrs92 Elig/Hrs92 Elig/Hrs92 Elig/Hrs92 Elig/Hrs92 Elig/Hrs92 Elig/Hrs92 Elig/Hrs92 Elig/Hrs92

Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age Sample-Age

Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp

Elig/Ahd93 Elig/Ahd93 Elig/Ahd93 Elig/Ahd93 Elig/Ahd93 Elig/Ahd93 Elig/Ahd93 Elig/Ahd93 Elig/Ahd93

Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

RAHRSAMP

30548

0.320

0.466

0.000

1.000

S1HRSAMP S2HRSAMP S3HRSAMP S4HRSAMP S5HRSAMP S6HRSAMP S7HRSAMP S8HRSAMP S9HRSAMP

10279 13608 12269 14453 13007 11824 13307 12000 10953

0.692 0.469 0.490 0.390 0.403 0.416 0.348 0.352 0.354

0.462 0.499 0.500 0.488 0.491 0.493 0.476 0.477 0.478

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

RAAHDSMP

30548

0.244

0.429

0.000

1.000

S1AHDSMP S2AHDSMP S3AHDSMP S4AHDSMP S5AHDSMP S6AHDSMP S7AHDSMP S8AHDSMP S9AHDSMP

10279 13608 12269 14453 13007 11824 13307 12000 10953

0.005 0.263 0.237 0.153 0.127 0.101 0.065 0.050 0.037

0.072 0.440 0.426 0.360 0.333 0.302 0.247 0.218 0.190

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

77

Value-------------------------|RAHRSAMP 0.Not in Sample | 20787 1.In Samp,Hrs92 Resp b.1931-41| 9761 Value-------------------------|S1HRSAMP S2HRSAMP S3HRSAMP S4HRSAMP S5HRSAMP S6HRSAMP S7HRSAMP S8HRSAMP S9HRSAMP .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 64 64 62 34 37 45 52 58 0.Not in Sample | 3167 7229 6257 8823 7761 6905 8680 7781 7075 1.In Samp,Hrs92 Resp b.1931-41| 7112 6379 6012 5630 5246 4919 4627 4219 3878 Value-------------------------|RAAHDSMP 0.Not in Sample | 23104 1.In Sample,Ahd93 Resp b.bef 1| 7444 Value-------------------------|S1AHDSMP S2AHDSMP S3AHDSMP S4AHDSMP S5AHDSMP S6AHDSMP S7AHDSMP S8AHDSMP S9AHDSMP .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 64 64 62 34 37 45 52 58 0.Not in Sample | 10226 10025 9356 12237 11352 10628 12442 11400 10543 1.In Sample,Ahd93 Resp b.bef 1| 53 3583 2913 2216 1655 1196 865 600 410

How Constructed: These files contain observations for any individual who responded to any of the HRS or AHEAD waves, regardless of birth year. RAHRSAMP identifies HRS-eligible individuals defined as those who are age-eligible and responded to Wave 1. HRS age-eligible individuals are those born from 1931 to 1941, according to RABDATE. A 1 indicates that the individual is HRS-eligible and a 0 indicates that he/she is not. The spouses of individuals in this sample may or may not be in the sample as well. RAAHDSMP identifies AHEAD-eligible individuals defined as those who are age-eligible and responded to Wave 2A. AHEAD age-eligible individuals are those born prior to 1924, according to RABDATE. A 1 indicates that the individual is AHEAD-eligible and a 0 indicates that he/she is not. The spouses of individuals in this sample may or may not be in the sample as well. The SwHRSAMP and SwAHDSAMP variables indicate whether the Wave 'w' spouse or partner is also in these files as a respondent, i.e., whether the spouse is HRS or AHEAD age-eligible and responded to Wave 1 or Wave 2A, respectively. A 1 indicates that the spouse is in the sample and a 0 indicates that he/she is not. See also HACOHORT, which identifies how the household entered the study, regardless of respondent age, and RACOHBYR, which identifies which cohort a respondent fits into based on birth year. [NOTE: RAHRSAMP is a renamed version of the original (Version A) RASAMPLE variable, to accommodate the addition of the CODA and WB cohorts.]

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

78

Sampling Weight Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAWTSAMP

RAWTSAMP: Sampling Weight

Cont

1

RAESTRAT

RAESTRAT: Std Error Stratum

Cont

1

RAEHSAMP

RAEHSAMP: Stratum Half-Sample Code

Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RAWTSAMP

12652

0.765

0.263

0.250

1.000

RAESTRAT

30547

30.470

14.936

1.000

56.000

RAEHSAMP

30547

1.502

0.500

1.000

2.000

How Constructed: The sampling weight (RAWTSAMP) is taken directly from HRS 1992 variable V11, and is available only for HRS cohort respondents in 1992. RAESTRAT and RAEHSAMP are taken directly from the Tracker variables STRATUM and SECU, respectively. These variables identify the stratum and half-sample respectively, that can be used in calculating sampling error. They are described in the Tracker file documentation and on the HRS web pages (Intro/Guide -> Study Design -> Survey Design Through 1998, under “Sample Error Computation”).

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V11 Tracker: SECU STRATUM

WGT:SAMPLING WEIGHT SAMPLING ERROR COMPUTATION UNIT STRATUM ID

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

79

Household Analysis Weight Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1WTHH R2WTHH R3WTHH R4WTHH R5WTHH R6WTHH R7WTHH R8WTHH R9WTHH

Label

Type

R1WTHH:W1 R2WTHH:W2 R3WTHH:W3 R4WTHH:W4 R5WTHH:W5 R6WTHH:W6 R7WTHH:W7 R8WTHH:W8 R9WTHH:W9

Household Household Household Household Household Household Household Household Household

Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis

Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable R1WTHH R2WTHH R3WTHH R4WTHH R5WTHH R6WTHH R7WTHH R8WTHH R9WTHH

N 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18166 20129 18469 17217

Mean 2408.414 2710.326 2792.654 3238.118 3386.563 3562.169 4297.343 4261.158 4292.452

Std Dev 1052.206 1200.693 1315.410 1911.598 2125.094 2222.345 2815.575 2960.486 3028.445

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 7380.000 10003.000 11557.000 13512.000 25973.000 13193.000 15569.000 17247.000 15260.000

How Constructed: The household weights are taken directly from the Tracker file.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The household weights on the Tracker file are based on WGTBYR which may differ from the respondent's BIRTHYR used as the basis for birth year derived on these files. If the WGTBYR for someone in the HRS cohort sample (see HACOHORT) is outside of 1931-1941 or missing for all respondents in a household then the household may have a zero weight in W1, but still be HRS eligible (someone born 1931-1941) according to the household member's BIRTHYR. The same is also true for the AHEAD sample, the only difference being that these individuals were born prior to 1924. WGTBYR was provided as a variable on Tracker V2.0 but is not included in the current file. Other variables are available on the current Tracker which may help analysts determine why weights are not as expected. They are xWHY0WGT (where "x" is A through K depending on the interview year), xWHY0RWT (beginning in 2004), and WTCOHORT, which gives the birth cohort used for calculating weights. The weights are structured to match the CPS which includes living, non-institutionalized respondents. A household where the only or both respondents are institutionalized, e.g., living in a nursing home, at the time of the interview will have zero household weights for that wave. HRS respondents who were given to the AHEAD study (overlap households) are assigned a weight of zero for HRS Wave 1. Thus there are cases where respondents in a given wave have zero household weight for the wave on these files. Note also that in HRS 1998 the AHEAD and HRS cohorts are combined and the CODA and WB cohorts are added. The weights derived for waves from 1998 forward used respondents from ALL cohorts (ageeligible for the entry cohort or not) to match the CPS-reported population sums. This means that

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

80

some of the weight for the HRS birth year entry cohort is assigned to respondents in other cohorts who happen to have been born 1931-1941, and some of weight assigned to HRS birth year entry cohort respondents outside the 1931-1941 range accounts for some of the weight for other birth year entry cohorts.

HRS Variables Used Tracker: AWGTHH BWGTHH CWGTHH DWGTHH EWGTHH FWGTHH GWGTHH HWGTHH JWGTHH KWGTHH LWGTHH

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT:

HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD LEVEL

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

81

Person-Level Analysis Weight Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1WTRESP R2WTRESP R3WTRESP R4WTRESP R5WTRESP R6WTRESP R7WTRESP R8WTRESP R9WTRESP

R1WTRESP:W1 R2WTRESP:W2 R3WTRESP:W3 R4WTRESP:W4 R5WTRESP:W5 R6WTRESP:W6 R7WTRESP:W7 R8WTRESP:W8 R9WTRESP:W9

Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level

Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis

Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1WTRESP S2WTRESP S3WTRESP S4WTRESP S5WTRESP S6WTRESP S7WTRESP S8WTRESP S9WTRESP

S1WTRESP:W1 S2WTRESP:W2 S3WTRESP:W3 S4WTRESP:W4 S5WTRESP:W5 S6WTRESP:W6 S7WTRESP:W7 S8WTRESP:W8 S9WTRESP:W9

Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level Person-Level

Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis Analysis

Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

5 6

R5WTR_NH R6WTR_NH

R5WTR_NH: NursHm Resident Analysis Weight R6WTR_NH: NursHm Resident Analysis Weight

Cont Cont

5 6

S5WTR_NH S6WTR_NH

S5WTR_NH: NursHm Resident Analysis Weight S6WTR_NH: NursHm Resident Analysis Weight

Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1WTRESP R2WTRESP R3WTRESP R4WTRESP R5WTRESP R6WTRESP R7WTRESP R8WTRESP R9WTRESP

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18166 20129 18469 17217

1939.025 2346.176 2554.352 3189.055 3288.553 3415.645 4058.413 4138.247 4283.814

1378.594 1503.489 1743.127 1972.984 2149.962 2241.674 2886.295 3116.541 3496.600

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

7710.000 10956.000 13534.000 16153.000 27408.000 19101.000 17234.000 18523.000 20143.000

S1WTRESP S2WTRESP S3WTRESP S4WTRESP S5WTRESP S6WTRESP S7WTRESP S8WTRESP S9WTRESP

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11640 12972 11735 10646

1830.295 2186.319 2398.414 3069.156 3202.418 3367.587 4075.269 4191.180 4236.108

1419.977 1589.971 1804.073 1883.981 2023.210 2220.850 2904.238 3127.133 3419.619

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

7710.000 10956.000 13534.000 16153.000 12159.000 19101.000 17234.000 18523.000 20143.000

R5WTR_NH R6WTR_NH

19579 18166

85.543 91.192

647.246 656.849

0.000 0.000

17730.000 21126.000

S5WTR_NH

12730

26.914

392.248

0.000

17730.000

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

S6WTR_NH

11640

27.738

420.380

82

0.000

21126.000

How Constructed: The person-level weights are taken directly from the Tracker file and assigned to RwWTRESP. The person-level weights apply to those resident in the community, so are zero for those living in a nursing home. In Waves 5 and 6, HRS provides weights for individuals living in a nursing home. These weights are provided in R5WTR_NH and R6WTR_NH. For those not living in a nursing home, these weights are zero. The spouse's person-level weight is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's variable, i.e., from the Wave 'w' spouse's RwWTRESP or RwWTR_NH.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The standard HRS weights are structured to match the CPS which includes living, noninstitutionalized respondents. HRS sets these person-level weights to zero for those not ageeligible, living outside the U.S., or living in a nursing home. In 2000 and 2002, HRS provides separate person-level weights for nursing home residents. The person-level weights on the Tracker file are based on WGTBYR which differ from the respondent's BIRTHYR used as the basis for birth year derived on these files. If the WGTBYR for someone in the HRS cohort sample (see HACOHORT) is outside of 1931-1941 or missing then a respondent may have a zero weight in W1, but still be HRS eligible (someone born 1931-1941) according to BIRTHYR. The same is also true for the AHEAD sample, the only difference being that these individuals were born prior to 1924. WGTBYR was provided as a variable on Tracker V2.0 but has not been included on more recent versions of Tracker. Other variables available on more recent versions Tracker may help analysts determine why weights are not as expected. They are xWHY0WGT (where "x" is A through K depending on the interview year), xWHY0RWT (beginning in 2004), and WTCOHORT, which gives the birth cohort used for calculating weights. A respondent who is institutionalized, e.g., in a nursing home, at the time of the interview will have zero person-level weight for that wave. HRS respondents who were given to the AHEAD study (overlap households) are assigned a weight of zero for HRS Wave 1. Thus there are cases where respondents in a given wave have a zero person-level weight for the wave on these files. Note also that in HRS 1998 the AHEAD and HRS cohorts are combined and the CODA and WB cohorts are added. The weights derived for waves from 1998 forward used respondents from ALL cohorts (ageeligible for the entry cohort or not) to match the CPS-reported population sums. This means that some of the weight for the HRS birth year entry cohort is assigned to respondents in other cohorts who happen to have been born 1931-1941, and some of weight assigned to HRS birth year entry cohort respondents outside the 1931-1941 range accounts for some of the weight for other birth year entry cohorts.

HRS Variables Used Tracker: AWGTR BWGTR CWGTR DWGTR EWGTR FWGTR GWGTR GWGTRNH HWGTR HWGTRNH

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2000 2002 2002

WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT: WEIGHT:

RESPONDENT-LEVEL RESPONDENT-LEVEL RESPONDENT-LEVEL RESPONDENT-LEVEL RESPONDENT-LEVEL RESPONDENT-LEVEL RESPONDENT-LEVEL NURSING HOME RESIDENT RESPONDENT-LEVEL NURSING HOME RESIDENT

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

JWGTR KWGTR LWGTR

2004 WEIGHT: RESPONDENT LEVEL 2006 WEIGHT: RESPONDENT LEVEL 2008 WEIGHT: RESPONDENT LEVEL

83

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

84

Number of Household Respondents Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1HHRESP H2HHRESP H3HHRESP H4HHRESP H5HHRESP H6HHRESP H7HHRESP H8HHRESP H9HHRESP

Label

Type

H1HHRESP:W1 H2HHRESP:W2 H3HHRESP:W3 H4HHRESP:W4 H5HHRESP:W5 H6HHRESP:W6 H7HHRESP:W7 H8HHRESP:W8 H9HHRESP:W9

# # # # # # # # #

core core core core core core core core core

respondents respondents respondents respondents respondents respondents respondents respondents respondents

in in in in in in in in in

HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

H1HHRESP H2HHRESP H3HHRESP H4HHRESP H5HHRESP H6HHRESP H7HHRESP H8HHRESP H9HHRESP

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18166 20129 18469 17217

Mean 1.782 1.666 1.662 1.654 1.650 1.640 1.644 1.635 1.618

Std Dev 0.413 0.472 0.473 0.476 0.477 0.480 0.479 0.481 0.486

Minimum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Maximum 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

How Constructed: HwHHRESP is the number of individuals in the household who actually responded at each wave. It counts the respondent and spouse, if any and if the spouse responded, taking on a value of 1 or 2. Individuals with a value greater than zero for INWw are counted by wave-specific household, i.e., by sub-household ID which is included in HwHHID. The value is missing if an individual did not respond in Wave w. Thus HwHHRESP is simply an indicator of whether the individual is the only respondent in the household or not.

HRS Variables Used HRS 2004: JSUBHH HRS 2006: KSUBHH HRS 2008: LSUBHH Tracker: ASUBHH BSUBHH CSUBHH DSUBHH ESUBHH FSUBHH GSUBHH HHID HSUBHH JSUBHH KSUBHH LSUBHH

2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER 1992 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1993 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1994 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1995 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1996 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1998 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2000 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

85

Whether Couple Household Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1CPL H2CPL H3CPL H4CPL H5CPL H6CPL H7CPL H8CPL H9CPL

Label

Type

H1CPL:W1 H2CPL:W2 H3CPL:W3 H4CPL:W4 H5CPL:W5 H6CPL:W6 H7CPL:W7 H8CPL:W8 H9CPL:W9

Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether

couple couple couple couple couple couple couple couple couple

HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable H1CPL H2CPL H3CPL H4CPL H5CPL H6CPL H7CPL H8CPL H9CPL

N 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

Mean

Std Dev

0.812 0.696 0.686 0.679 0.666 0.653 0.663 0.653 0.640

Minimum

0.390 0.460 0.464 0.467 0.472 0.476 0.473 0.476 0.480

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| 0.not a couple HH | 1.couple HH |

H1CPL 2373 10279

H2CPL 5970 13672

H3CPL 5658 12333

H4CPL 6869 14515

H5CPL 6538 13041

H6CPL 6306 11861

H7CPL 6777 13352

H8CPL 6417 12052

H9CPL 6206 11011

How Constructed: HwCPL indicates whether this household is treated as a couple household or not. Households in HRS can consist of a single respondent or a couple. HwCPL is set to one if the respondent is married (RwMSTAT or RwMSTATH is married or partnered), partnered (RwMPART=1), or if there are two respondents in the wave-specific household (HwHHRESP=2). Otherwise a single respondent is assumed, and HwCPL is set to zero. As with most other RAND HRS variables, HwCPL is missing in waves where R does not respond.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

86

Financial , Family Respondent Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1FAMR R2FAMR R3FAMR R4FAMR R5FAMR R6FAMR R7FAMR R8FAMR R9FAMR

R1FAMR:W1 R2FAMR:W2 R3FAMR:W3 R4FAMR:W4 R5FAMR:W5 R6FAMR:W6 R7FAMR:W7 R8FAMR:W8 R9FAMR:W9

Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether

Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family

Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1FAMR S2FAMR S3FAMR S4FAMR S5FAMR S6FAMR S7FAMR S8FAMR S9FAMR

S1FAMR:W1 S2FAMR:W2 S3FAMR:W3 S4FAMR:W4 S5FAMR:W5 S6FAMR:W6 S7FAMR:W7 S8FAMR:W8 S9FAMR:W9

Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether

Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family Family

Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1FINR R2FINR R3FINR R4FINR R5FINR R6FINR R7FINR R8FINR R9FINR

R1FINR:W1 R2FINR:W2 R3FINR:W3 R4FINR:W4 R5FINR:W5 R6FINR:W6 R7FINR:W7 R8FINR:W8 R9FINR:W9

Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether

Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial

Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1FINR S2FINR S3FINR S4FINR S5FINR S6FINR S7FINR S8FINR S9FINR

S1FINR:W1 S2FINR:W2 S3FINR:W3 S4FINR:W4 S5FINR:W5 S6FINR:W6 S7FINR:W7 S8FINR:W8 S9FINR:W9

Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether

Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial

Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp Resp

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ANYFAM H2ANYFAM H3ANYFAM H4ANYFAM H5ANYFAM H6ANYFAM H7ANYFAM H8ANYFAM H9ANYFAM

H1ANYFAM:W1 H2ANYFAM:W2 H3ANYFAM:W3 H4ANYFAM:W4 H5ANYFAM:W5 H6ANYFAM:W6 H7ANYFAM:W7 H8ANYFAM:W8 H9ANYFAM:W9

HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

H1ANYFIN

H1ANYFIN:W1 Whether any FinR in HH

Categ

Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether

any any any any any any any any any

FamR FamR FamR FamR FamR FamR FamR FamR FamR

in in in in in in in in in

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2ANYFIN H3ANYFIN H4ANYFIN H5ANYFIN H6ANYFIN H7ANYFIN H8ANYFIN H9ANYFIN

H2ANYFIN:W2 H3ANYFIN:W3 H4ANYFIN:W4 H5ANYFIN:W5 H6ANYFIN:W6 H7ANYFIN:W7 H8ANYFIN:W8 H9ANYFIN:W9

Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether

87

any any any any any any any any

FinR FinR FinR FinR FinR FinR FinR FinR

in in in in in in in in

HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1FAMR R2FAMR R3FAMR R4FAMR R5FAMR R6FAMR R7FAMR R8FAMR R9FAMR

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18166 20129 18469 17217

0.597 0.658 0.665 0.664 0.669 0.680 0.671 0.678 0.686

0.491 0.474 0.472 0.472 0.470 0.467 0.470 0.467 0.464

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1FAMR S2FAMR S3FAMR S4FAMR S5FAMR S6FAMR S7FAMR S8FAMR S9FAMR

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11640 12972 11735 10646

0.500 0.499 0.500 0.499 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500

0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1FINR R2FINR R3FINR R4FINR R5FINR R6FINR R7FINR R8FINR R9FINR

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18166 20129 18469 17217

0.601 0.659 0.664 0.667 0.670 0.678 0.675 0.680 0.688

0.490 0.474 0.472 0.471 0.470 0.467 0.468 0.467 0.463

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1FINR S2FINR S3FINR S4FINR S5FINR S6FINR S7FINR S8FINR S9FINR

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11640 12972 11735 10646

0.500 0.499 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500

0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

H1ANYFAM H2ANYFAM H3ANYFAM H4ANYFAM H5ANYFAM H6ANYFAM H7ANYFAM H8ANYFAM H9ANYFAM

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.988 0.989 0.996 0.990 0.995 1.000 0.993 0.995 0.995

0.110 0.102 0.063 0.099 0.074 0.015 0.080 0.070 0.070

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

H1ANYFIN H2ANYFIN H3ANYFIN H4ANYFIN H5ANYFIN H6ANYFIN H7ANYFIN H8ANYFIN H9ANYFIN

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.992 0.992 0.995 0.993 0.995 0.998 0.997 0.997 0.997

88

0.086 0.090 0.068 0.081 0.070 0.041 0.055 0.050 0.056

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| 0.no | 1.yes |

R1FAMR 5105 7547

R2FAMR 6719 12923

R3FAMR 6026 11965

R4FAMR 7181 14203

R5FAMR 6472 13107

R6FAMR 5819 12347

R7FAMR 6615 13514

R8FAMR 5956 12513

R9FAMR 5404 11813

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S1FAMR

S2FAMR

S3FAMR

S4FAMR

S5FAMR

S7FAMR

S8FAMR

S9FAMR

2373 379 4950 4950

5970 584 6556 6532

5658 418 5955 5960

6869 537 7007 6971

6538 311 6365 6365

S6FAMR 1 6306 220 5816 5824

6777 380 6484 6488

6417 317 5866 5869

6206 365 5320 5326

Value-------------------------| 0.no | 1.yes |

R1FINR 5045 7607

R2FINR 6694 12948

R3FINR 6036 11955

R4FINR 7127 14257

R5FINR 6462 13117

R6FINR 5846 12320

R7FINR 6544 13585

R8FINR 5911 12558

R9FINR 5375 11842

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S1FINR

S2FINR

S3FINR

S4FINR

S5FINR

S7FINR

S8FINR

S9FINR

2373 379 4950 4950

5970 584 6555 6533

5658 418 5957 5958

6869 537 6992 6986

6538 311 6365 6365

S6FINR 1 6306 220 5816 5824

6777 380 6484 6488

6417 317 5866 5869

6206 365 5320 5326

Value-------------------------|H1ANYFAM H2ANYFAM H3ANYFAM H4ANYFAM H5ANYFAM H6ANYFAM H7ANYFAM H8ANYFAM H9ANYFAM 0.no | 155 208 72 210 107 4 131 92 84 1.yes | 12497 19434 17919 21174 19472 18163 19998 18377 17133 Value-------------------------|H1ANYFIN H2ANYFIN H3ANYFIN H4ANYFIN H5ANYFIN H6ANYFIN H7ANYFIN H8ANYFIN H9ANYFIN 0.no | 95 161 83 141 97 31 60 47 55 1.yes | 12557 19481 17908 21243 19482 18136 20069 18422 17162

How Constructed: In couple households, household level questions about finances are answered by one individual designated the "financial respondent", and questions about family are answered the individual designated the "family respondent". The financial respondent may be the same as the family respondent, or not, depending on the household. In single households, the only respondent is both the financial and family respondent. RwFINR and RwFAMR indicate whether the respondent is the designated financial and family respondent, respectively. These flags are set to one if the designated respondent or zero if not. HwANYFIN indicates if any individual in the household is the financial respondent, and HwANYFAM indicates the same for the family respondent. A value of zero in HwANYFIN or HwANYFAM indicates that there is no financial or family respondent, respectively, and thus no household level information on the relevant topics. HwANYFIN and HwANYFAM are set to .S for the deceased respondents in Wave 2 in previous version of RANDHRS. We exclude the W2 deceased respondents in this version. SwFINR and SwFAMR are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's value for RwFINR and RwFAMR, respectively.

HRS Variables Used

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

Tracker: AFAMR AFINR ASUBHH BFAMR BFINR BSUBHH CFAMR CFINR CSUBHH DFAMR DFINR DSUBHH EFAMR EFINR ESUBHH FFAMR FFINR FSUBHH GFAMR GFINR GSUBHH HFAMR HFINR HHID HSUBHH JFAMR JFINR JSUBHH KFAMR KFINR KSUBHH LFAMR LFINR LSUBHH

1992 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 1992 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 1992 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1993 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 1993 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 1993 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1994 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 1994 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 1994 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1995 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 1995 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 1995 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1996 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 1996 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 1996 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1998 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 1998 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 1998 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2000 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 2000 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 2000 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 2002 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2004 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 2004 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2006 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 2006 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2008 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 2008 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER

89

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

90

Whether Proxy Interview Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1PROXY R2PROXY R3PROXY R4PROXY R5PROXY R6PROXY R7PROXY R8PROXY R9PROXY

R1PROXY:W1 R2PROXY:W2 R3PROXY:W3 R4PROXY:W4 R5PROXY:W5 R6PROXY:W6 R7PROXY:W7 R8PROXY:W8 R9PROXY:W9

Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether

Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1PROXY S2PROXY S3PROXY S4PROXY S5PROXY S6PROXY S7PROXY S8PROXY S9PROXY

S1PROXY:W1 S2PROXY:W2 S3PROXY:W3 S4PROXY:W4 S5PROXY:W5 S6PROXY:W6 S7PROXY:W7 S8PROXY:W8 S9PROXY:W9

Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether Whether

Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy Proxy

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1PROXY R2PROXY R3PROXY R4PROXY R5PROXY R6PROXY R7PROXY R8PROXY R9PROXY

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.051 0.080 0.091 0.096 0.105 0.112 0.090 0.068 0.066

0.220 0.271 0.288 0.294 0.307 0.315 0.286 0.252 0.249

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1PROXY S2PROXY S3PROXY S4PROXY S5PROXY S6PROXY S7PROXY S8PROXY S9PROXY

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.062 0.088 0.093 0.101 0.111 0.117 0.093 0.067 0.062

0.242 0.283 0.291 0.301 0.314 0.321 0.290 0.251 0.241

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1PROXY 0.not proxy | 12004 1.proxy | 648

R2PROXY 18073 1569

R3PROXY 16351 1640

R4PROXY 19341 2043

R5PROXY 17517 2062

R6PROXY 16131 2036

R7PROXY 18327 1802

R8PROXY 17209 1260

R9PROXY 16077 1140

Value-------------------------| S1PROXY .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.not proxy | 9284

S2PROXY 5970 584 11936

S3PROXY 5658 418 10804

S4PROXY 6869 537 12571

S5PROXY 6538 311 11320

S6PROXY 6306 220 10282

S7PROXY 6777 380 11769

S8PROXY 6417 317 10943

S9PROXY 6206 365 9989

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

1.proxy

|

616

91

1152

1111

1407

1410

1359

1203

792

657

How Constructed: RwPROXY is set to 1 if the interview is by proxy in wave "w". It is set to 0 if the respondent is not a proxy. Proxy status is taken directly from the Tracker file. The spouse's proxy flag is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's variable, i.e., from the Wave 'w' spouse's RwPROXY.

HRS Variables Used Tracker: APROXY BPROXY CPROXY DPROXY EPROXY FPROXY GPROXY HPROXY JPROXY KPROXY LPROXY

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

PROXY PROXY PROXY PROXY PROXY PROXY PROXY PROXY PROXY PROXY PROXY

TYPE TYPE TYPE TYPE TYPE TYPE TYPE TYPE TYPE TYPE TYPE

STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

92

Interview Dates Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IWBEG R2IWBEG R3IWBEG R4IWBEG R5IWBEG R6IWBEG R7IWBEG R8IWBEG R9IWBEG

R1IWBEG:W1 R2IWBEG:W2 R3IWBEG:W3 R4IWBEG:W4 R5IWBEG:W5 R6IWBEG:W6 R7IWBEG:W7 R8IWBEG:W8 R9IWBEG:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Begin Begin Begin Begin Begin Begin Begin Begin Begin

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IWBEG S2IWBEG S3IWBEG S4IWBEG S5IWBEG S6IWBEG S7IWBEG S8IWBEG S9IWBEG

S1IWBEG:W1 S2IWBEG:W2 S3IWBEG:W3 S4IWBEG:W4 S5IWBEG:W5 S6IWBEG:W6 S7IWBEG:W7 S8IWBEG:W8 S9IWBEG:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Begin Begin Begin Begin Begin Begin Begin Begin Begin

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IWBEGF R2IWBEGF R3IWBEGF R4IWBEGF R5IWBEGF R6IWBEGF R7IWBEGF R8IWBEGF R9IWBEGF

R1IWBEGF:W1 R2IWBEGF:W2 R3IWBEGF:W3 R4IWBEGF:W4 R5IWBEGF:W5 R6IWBEGF:W6 R7IWBEGF:W7 R8IWBEGF:W8 R9IWBEGF:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Beg Beg Beg Beg Beg Beg Beg Beg Beg

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IWBEGF S2IWBEGF S3IWBEGF S4IWBEGF S5IWBEGF S6IWBEGF S7IWBEGF S8IWBEGF S9IWBEGF

S1IWBEGF:W1 S2IWBEGF:W2 S3IWBEGF:W3 S4IWBEGF:W4 S5IWBEGF:W5 S6IWBEGF:W6 S7IWBEGF:W7 S8IWBEGF:W8 S9IWBEGF:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Beg Beg Beg Beg Beg Beg Beg Beg Beg

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IWEND R2IWEND R3IWEND R4IWEND R5IWEND R6IWEND R7IWEND R8IWEND R9IWEND

R1IWEND:W1 R2IWEND:W2 R3IWEND:W3 R4IWEND:W4 R5IWEND:W5 R6IWEND:W6 R7IWEND:W7 R8IWEND:W8 R9IWEND:W9

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

S1IWEND

S1IWEND:W1 Interview End Date

Cont

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

End End End End End End End End End

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

93

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2IWEND S3IWEND S4IWEND S5IWEND S6IWEND S7IWEND S8IWEND S9IWEND

S2IWEND:W2 S3IWEND:W3 S4IWEND:W4 S5IWEND:W5 S6IWEND:W6 S7IWEND:W7 S8IWEND:W8 S9IWEND:W9

End End End End End End End End

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IWENDF R2IWENDF R3IWENDF R4IWENDF R5IWENDF R6IWENDF R7IWENDF R8IWENDF R9IWENDF

R1IWENDF:W1 R2IWENDF:W2 R3IWENDF:W3 R4IWENDF:W4 R5IWENDF:W5 R6IWENDF:W6 R7IWENDF:W7 R8IWENDF:W8 R9IWENDF:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

End End End End End End End End End

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IWENDF S2IWENDF S3IWENDF S4IWENDF S5IWENDF S6IWENDF S7IWENDF S8IWENDF S9IWENDF

S1IWENDF:W1 S2IWENDF:W2 S3IWENDF:W3 S4IWENDF:W4 S5IWENDF:W5 S6IWENDF:W6 S7IWENDF:W7 S8IWENDF:W8 S9IWENDF:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

End End End End End End End End End

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IWMID R2IWMID R3IWMID R4IWMID R5IWMID R6IWMID R7IWMID R8IWMID R9IWMID

R1IWMID:W1 R2IWMID:W2 R3IWMID:W3 R4IWMID:W4 R5IWMID:W5 R6IWMID:W6 R7IWMID:W7 R8IWMID:W8 R9IWMID:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IWMID S2IWMID S3IWMID S4IWMID S5IWMID S6IWMID S7IWMID S8IWMID S9IWMID

S1IWMID:W1 S2IWMID:W2 S3IWMID:W3 S4IWMID:W4 S5IWMID:W5 S6IWMID:W6 S7IWMID:W7 S8IWMID:W8 S9IWMID:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint Midpoint

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R1IWMIDF R2IWMIDF R3IWMIDF R4IWMIDF R5IWMIDF R6IWMIDF R7IWMIDF R8IWMIDF

R1IWMIDF:W1 R2IWMIDF:W2 R3IWMIDF:W3 R4IWMIDF:W4 R5IWMIDF:W5 R6IWMIDF:W6 R7IWMIDF:W7 R8IWMIDF:W8

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

94

9

R9IWMIDF

R9IWMIDF:W9 Interview Midpt Date Flag

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IWMIDF S2IWMIDF S3IWMIDF S4IWMIDF S5IWMIDF S6IWMIDF S7IWMIDF S8IWMIDF S9IWMIDF

S1IWMIDF:W1 S2IWMIDF:W2 S3IWMIDF:W3 S4IWMIDF:W4 S5IWMIDF:W5 S6IWMIDF:W6 S7IWMIDF:W7 S8IWMIDF:W8 S9IWMIDF:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt Midpt

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IWENDM R2IWENDM R3IWENDM R4IWENDM R5IWENDM R6IWENDM R7IWENDM R8IWENDM R9IWENDM

R1IWENDM:W1 R2IWENDM:W2 R3IWENDM:W3 R4IWENDM:W4 R5IWENDM:W5 R6IWENDM:W6 R7IWENDM:W7 R8IWENDM:W8 R9IWENDM:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

End End End End End End End End End

Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IWENDM S2IWENDM S3IWENDM S4IWENDM S5IWENDM S6IWENDM S7IWENDM S8IWENDM S9IWENDM

S1IWENDM:W1 S2IWENDM:W2 S3IWENDM:W3 S4IWENDM:W4 S5IWENDM:W5 S6IWENDM:W6 S7IWENDM:W7 S8IWENDM:W8 S9IWENDM:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

End End End End End End End End End

Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IWENDY R2IWENDY R3IWENDY R4IWENDY R5IWENDY R6IWENDY R7IWENDY R8IWENDY R9IWENDY

R1IWENDY:W1 R2IWENDY:W2 R3IWENDY:W3 R4IWENDY:W4 R5IWENDY:W5 R6IWENDY:W6 R7IWENDY:W7 R8IWENDY:W8 R9IWENDY:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

End End End End End End End End End

Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IWENDY S2IWENDY S3IWENDY S4IWENDY S5IWENDY S6IWENDY S7IWENDY S8IWENDY S9IWENDY

S1IWENDY:W1 S2IWENDY:W2 S3IWENDY:W3 S4IWENDY:W4 S5IWENDY:W5 S6IWENDY:W6 S7IWENDY:W7 S8IWENDY:W8 S9IWENDY:W9

Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview Interview

End End End End End End End End End

Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date Date

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

Descriptive Statistics Variable R1IWBEG

N 12652

Mean 11939.305

Std Dev 83.245

Minimum 11779.000

Maximum 12125.000

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

95

R2IWBEG R3IWBEG R4IWBEG R5IWBEG R6IWBEG R7IWBEG R8IWBEG R9IWBEG

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

12539.360 13276.308 14037.097 14746.613 15535.421 16249.031 16978.957 17698.540

105.602 109.715 88.318 63.931 66.708 76.099 78.898 77.425

12341.000 13102.000 13894.000 14624.000 15355.000 16116.000 16875.000 17577.000

12773.000 13560.000 14318.000 14959.000 15751.000 16482.000 17212.000 17943.000

S1IWBEG S2IWBEG S3IWBEG S4IWBEG S5IWBEG S6IWBEG S7IWBEG S8IWBEG S9IWBEG

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

11939.938 12556.109 13291.683 14041.240 14745.669 15533.471 16250.659 16982.496 17698.180

83.152 100.534 104.776 87.517 62.813 65.527 75.811 78.621 76.987

11779.000 12341.000 13102.000 13894.000 14624.000 15355.000 16116.000 16875.000 17577.000

12125.000 12773.000 13560.000 14318.000 14959.000 15751.000 16482.000 17212.000 17943.000

R1IWBEGF R2IWBEGF R3IWBEGF R4IWBEGF R5IWBEGF R6IWBEGF R7IWBEGF R8IWBEGF R9IWBEGF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

0.009 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.045 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 7.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1IWBEGF S2IWBEGF S3IWBEGF S4IWBEGF S5IWBEGF S6IWBEGF S7IWBEGF S8IWBEGF S9IWBEGF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.001 1.000 1.000 1.000

0.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.056 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 7.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1IWEND R2IWEND R3IWEND R4IWEND R5IWEND R6IWEND R7IWEND R8IWEND R9IWEND

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

11939.951 12540.267 13277.498 14038.900 14748.040 15536.511 16249.031 16979.945 17699.660

83.301 106.557 111.086 89.000 64.731 67.514 76.099 79.428 78.020

11779.000 12341.000 13102.000 13894.000 14624.000 15445.000 16116.000 16875.000 17577.000

12125.000 12857.000 13560.000 14318.000 14959.000 15779.000 16482.000 17212.000 17943.000

S1IWEND S2IWEND S3IWEND S4IWEND S5IWEND S6IWEND S7IWEND S8IWEND S9IWEND

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

11940.490 12556.787 13292.644 14042.637 14746.806 15534.293 16250.659 16983.114 17698.846

83.188 101.152 105.774 87.952 63.357 66.135 75.811 78.930 77.317

11779.000 12341.000 13102.000 13925.000 14624.000 15445.000 16116.000 16875.000 17577.000

12125.000 12857.000 13560.000 14318.000 14959.000 15751.000 16482.000 17212.000 17943.000

R1IWENDF R2IWENDF R3IWENDF R4IWENDF

12652 19642 17991 21384

0.014 2.930 3.344 1.000

0.300 3.453 2.927 0.000

0.000 0.000 1.000 1.000

7.000 7.000 7.000 1.000

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

96

R5IWENDF R6IWENDF R7IWENDF R8IWENDF R9IWENDF

19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1IWENDF S2IWENDF S3IWENDF S4IWENDF S5IWENDF S6IWENDF S7IWENDF S8IWENDF S9IWENDF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.008 2.326 2.817 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

0.226 3.297 2.757 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

7.000 7.000 7.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1IWMID R2IWMID R3IWMID R4IWMID R5IWMID R6IWMID R7IWMID R8IWMID R9IWMID

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

11939.628 12539.813 13276.903 14037.999 14747.327 15535.966 16249.031 16979.451 17699.100

83.219 105.983 110.280 88.446 64.145 66.900 76.099 79.021 77.554

11779.000 12341.000 13102.000 13894.000 14624.000 15445.000 16116.000 16875.000 17577.000

12125.000 12774.000 13560.000 14318.000 14959.000 15751.000 16482.000 17212.000 17943.000

S1IWMID S2IWMID S3IWMID S4IWMID S5IWMID S6IWMID S7IWMID S8IWMID S9IWMID

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

11940.214 12556.448 13292.164 14041.938 14746.237 15533.882 16250.659 16982.805 17698.513

83.121 100.780 105.183 87.597 62.953 65.663 75.811 78.714 77.077

11779.000 12341.000 13102.000 13925.000 14624.000 15445.000 16116.000 16875.000 17577.000

12125.000 12774.000 13560.000 14318.000 14959.000 15751.000 16482.000 17212.000 17943.000

R1IWMIDF R2IWMIDF R3IWMIDF R4IWMIDF R5IWMIDF R6IWMIDF R7IWMIDF R8IWMIDF R9IWMIDF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.062 0.053 0.042 0.073 0.064 0.036 0.000 0.040 0.043

0.291 0.282 0.287 0.374 0.351 0.266 0.000 0.280 0.289

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 0.000 2.000 2.000

S1IWMIDF S2IWMIDF S3IWMIDF S4IWMIDF S5IWMIDF S6IWMIDF S7IWMIDF S8IWMIDF S9IWMIDF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.052 0.050 0.037 0.064 0.055 0.028 0.000 0.030 0.032

0.266 0.270 0.269 0.352 0.328 0.234 0.000 0.244 0.252

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 0.000 2.000 2.000

R1IWENDM R2IWENDM R3IWENDM R4IWENDM R5IWENDM R6IWENDM R7IWENDM

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129

7.394 6.831 6.872 5.382 5.088 6.747 6.239

3.041 3.227 3.307 2.556 2.122 2.156 2.447

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

97

R8IWENDM R9IWENDM

18469 17217

6.154 5.816

2.500 2.441

1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000

S1IWENDM S2IWENDM S3IWENDM S4IWENDM S5IWENDM S6IWENDM S7IWENDM S8IWENDM S9IWENDM

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

7.408 6.829 6.948 5.481 5.048 6.721 6.305 6.244 5.796

3.036 2.959 3.009 2.507 2.077 2.113 2.445 2.485 2.418

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

R1IWENDY R2IWENDY R3IWENDY R4IWENDY R5IWENDY R6IWENDY R7IWENDY R8IWENDY R9IWENDY

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1992.116 1993.808 1995.825 1998.035 2000.000 2002.021 2004.013 2006.023 2008.020

0.320 0.394 0.431 0.183 0.000 0.145 0.114 0.150 0.141

1992.000 1993.000 1995.000 1998.000 2000.000 2002.000 2004.000 2006.000 2008.000

1993.000 1995.000 1997.000 1999.000 2000.000 2003.000 2005.000 2007.000 2009.000

S1IWENDY S2IWENDY S3IWENDY S4IWENDY S5IWENDY S6IWENDY S7IWENDY S8IWENDY S9IWENDY

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1992.116 1993.854 1995.860 1998.037 2000.000 2002.018 2004.012 2006.024 2008.020

0.321 0.354 0.403 0.188 0.000 0.131 0.109 0.153 0.139

1992.000 1993.000 1995.000 1998.000 2000.000 2002.000 2004.000 2006.000 2008.000

1993.000 1995.000 1997.000 1999.000 2000.000 2003.000 2005.000 2007.000 2009.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1IWBEGF R2IWBEGF R3IWBEGF R4IWBEGF R5IWBEGF R6IWBEGF R7IWBEGF R8IWBEGF R9IWBEGF 0.m/d/y ok | 12651 19642 1.day miss | 1 17991 21384 19579 18166 20129 18469 17217 7.day/mon/yr miss | 1 Value-------------------------|S1IWBEGF S2IWBEGF S3IWBEGF S4IWBEGF S5IWBEGF S6IWBEGF S7IWBEGF S8IWBEGF S9IWBEGF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.m/d/y ok | 9899 13088 1.day miss | 1 11915 13978 12730 11640 12972 11735 10646 7.day/mon/yr miss | 1 Value-------------------------|R1IWENDF R2IWENDF R3IWENDF R4IWENDF R5IWENDF R6IWENDF R7IWENDF R8IWENDF R9IWENDF 0.m/d/y ok | 12621 11420 1.day miss | 7 10964 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217 3.day/mon miss | 1 7.day/mon/yr miss | 23 8222 7027 Value-------------------------|S1IWENDF S2IWENDF S3IWENDF S4IWENDF S5IWENDF S6IWENDF S7IWENDF S8IWENDF S9IWENDF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.m/d/y ok | 9883 8739 1.day miss | 6 8306 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646 3.day/mon miss | 1 7.day/mon/yr miss | 10 4349 3609 Value-------------------------|R1IWMIDF R2IWMIDF R3IWMIDF R4IWMIDF R5IWMIDF R6IWMIDF R7IWMIDF R8IWMIDF R9IWMIDF 0.IVW beg dt=end dt | 12033 18880 17613 20606 18956 17840 20129 18099 16850 1.IVW beg mon=end mon | 452 477 2.IVW begmon NE endmon | 167 285 378 778 623 327 370 367

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

98

Value-------------------------|S1IWMIDF S2IWMIDF S3IWMIDF S4IWMIDF S5IWMIDF S6IWMIDF S7IWMIDF S8IWMIDF S9IWMIDF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.IVW beg dt=end dt | 9490 12603 11696 13532 12378 11480 12972 11558 10474 1.IVW beg mon=end mon | 305 319 2.IVW begmon NE endmon | 105 166 219 446 352 161 177 172

How Constructed: These variables are derived from the beginning and ending interview date. The RwIWBEG variables are the beginning interview dates and the RwIWEND variables are the ending interview dates. In some waves only one interview date is given, and is used as both the beginning and ending date. The RwIWMID variables are derived as the midpoint between the beginning and ending interview dates. From Wave 6 forward and in Waves 2A and 3A of AHEAD, there is only one interview date given; this is used for the beginning, ending, and midpoint interview date. Note that most beginning and ending interview dates are the same. In the cases where they differ, the interview is usually suspended near the beginning of the survey questions and picked up days, weeks, or months later. According to ISR, the ending interview date is usually applicable to most of the interview, particularly the later sections. RwIWBEG, RwIWMID, and RwIWEND are in SAS date format, which is the number of days relative to January 1, 1960. RwIWENDM and RwIWENDY provide the end interview month and year, respectively, not in SAS date format. The interview day is available only for Waves 1 and 2H, and for Wave 2A of AHEAD. From Wave 3 forward, the 15th of the interview month was used. These variables are SAS dates (# days from 1/1/1960). For 4 cases in HRS 1998 and for 1 case in HRS 1996, the interview year appears as 1980. For the 1998 cases, the median interview month and year for all other cases with the same version of the questionnaire is used. For the 1996 case, 6/1996 is used. For Waves 1, 2, 3A, and 4, the Tracker variables were used instead of the corresponding raw variables for the beginning interview month and year. For Waves 3H and 5, the Tracker variables were used instead of the corresponding raw variables for the ending interview month and year. The spouse's variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's variables, i.e., from the Wave 'w' spouse's RwIWBEG, RwIWBEGF, RwIWEND, RwIWENDF, RwIWMID, and RwIWMIDF.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Waves 1 and 2H the month, day, and year that the interview began and ended are given. In Wave 2A of AHEAD, the month, day, and year that the interview began are given, but not the corresponding ending dates. This is also true for Wave 3A, the only difference being that the day the interview began is also not given. From Wave 3H forward, the day of interview is not available. Also in Waves 3H and 4, two interview months are given, which are not labeled beginning or end. Comparison of the two months determined which is the beginning and which is the ending interview date. For 4 cases in HRS 98 and for one case in HRS 96, the interview year appears as 1980. In Wave 5 two interview months are given, which are labeled beginning and current month. For Waves 1,2 and 4, the Tracker variables that correspond to the beginning interview month and year are available. For Waves 3H and 5, the Tracker variables that correspond to the ending interview month and year are available.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

99

From Wave 6 forward, only one interview date is available in the data, both in the Cover Sheet section and on Tracker. It is unclear whether the date is the beginning or ending interview date, but based on comparisons with data model number in 2006 (JVDATE) we think it likely to be the end interview date, that is, the date on which most of the interview was conducted.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V24 V26 V27 V28 AHEAD 1993: B360 HRS 1994: W57 W59 W60 W61 AHEAD 1995: D397 D398 HRS 1996: E391 E393 E397 E398 HRS 1998: F697 F699 HRS 2000: G774 G775 HRS 2002: HA500 HA501 HRS 2004: JA500 JA501 HRS 2006: KA500 KA501 HRS 2008: LA500 LA501 Tracker: AIWMONTH AIWYEAR BIWMONTH BIWYEAR CIWMONTH CIWYEAR DIWMONTH DIWYEAR EIWMONTH EIWYEAR FIWMONTH FIWYEAR GIWMONTH GIWYEAR HIWMONTH HIWYEAR JIWMONTH

FS6:DATE FS7:DATE FS7:DATE FS7:DATE

IW IW IW IW

BEGAN-DAY CMPLTD-MO CMPLT-DAY COMPLT-YR

INTERVIEW DAY Begin of Interview End of Interview End of Interview End of Interview -

- Day Month Day Year

TIME YEAR TIME MONTH CUR MONTH 1-12 CUR YEAR YYYY PERM TIME YEAR YYYY PERM TIME MONTH 1-12 CUR MONTH TEXT CUR YEAR YYYY CS22Y49.TIME YEAR CS22Y50.TIME MONTH DATE OF INTERVIEW - MONTH DATE OF INTERVIEW - YEAR DATE OF INTERVIEW - MONTH DATE OF INTERVIEW - YEAR DATE OF INTERVIEW - MONTH DATE OF INTERVIEW - YEAR DATE OF INTERVIEW - MONTH DATE OF INTERVIEW - YEAR 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1998 1998 2000 2000 2002 2002 2004

INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW

MONTH YEAR MONTH YEAR MONTH YEAR MONTH YEAR MONTH YEAR MONTH YEAR MONTH YEAR MONTH YEAR MONTH

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

JIWYEAR KIWMONTH KIWYEAR LIWMONTH LIWYEAR

2004 2006 2006 2008 2008

INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW INTERVIEW

YEAR MONTH YEAR MONTH YEAR

100

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

101

Birth date: Month, Year, and SAS date Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RABYEAR

RABYEAR: R birth year

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1BYEAR S2BYEAR S3BYEAR S4BYEAR S5BYEAR S6BYEAR S7BYEAR S8BYEAR S9BYEAR

S1BYEAR: S2BYEAR: S3BYEAR: S4BYEAR: S5BYEAR: S6BYEAR: S7BYEAR: S8BYEAR: S9BYEAR:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

RABMONTH

RABMONTH: R birth month

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1BMONTH S2BMONTH S3BMONTH S4BMONTH S5BMONTH S6BMONTH S7BMONTH S8BMONTH S9BMONTH

S1BMONTH: S2BMONTH: S3BMONTH: S4BMONTH: S5BMONTH: S6BMONTH: S7BMONTH: S8BMONTH: S9BMONTH:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

RABFLAG

RABFLAG: R flag birthdate missings

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1BFLAG S2BFLAG S3BFLAG S4BFLAG S5BFLAG S6BFLAG S7BFLAG S8BFLAG S9BFLAG

S1BFLAG: S2BFLAG: S3BFLAG: S4BFLAG: S5BFLAG: S6BFLAG: S7BFLAG: S8BFLAG: S9BFLAG:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

RABDATE

RABDATE: R birth date

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1BDATE S2BDATE S3BDATE S4BDATE S5BDATE S6BDATE S7BDATE S8BDATE S9BDATE

S1BDATE: S2BDATE: S3BDATE: S4BDATE: S5BDATE: S6BDATE: S7BDATE: S8BDATE: S9BDATE:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

S S S S S S S S S

birth birth birth birth birth birth birth birth birth

S S S S S S S S S

S S S S S S S S S

S S S S S S S S S

year year year year year year year year year

birth birth birth birth birth birth birth birth birth

flag flag flag flag flag flag flag flag flag

month month month month month month month month month

birthdate birthdate birthdate birthdate birthdate birthdate birthdate birthdate birthdate

birth birth birth birth birth birth birth birth birth

missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings

date date date date date date date date date

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

102

RABYEAR

30547

1933.136

13.172

1890.000

1983.000

S1BYEAR S2BYEAR S3BYEAR S4BYEAR S5BYEAR S6BYEAR S7BYEAR S8BYEAR S9BYEAR

10279 13583 12253 14507 13040 11860 13352 12033 11011

1936.563 1930.764 1931.555 1933.939 1934.723 1935.584 1939.255 1939.813 1940.529

6.115 10.503 10.129 10.177 9.795 9.409 10.508 10.158 9.939

1907.000 1890.000 1898.000 1900.000 1900.000 1900.000 1900.000 1907.000 1909.000

1969.000 1971.000 1974.000 1973.000 1976.000 1980.000 1976.000 1983.000 1986.000

RABMONTH

30547

6.527

3.423

1.000

12.000

S1BMONTH S2BMONTH S3BMONTH S4BMONTH S5BMONTH S6BMONTH S7BMONTH S8BMONTH S9BMONTH

10279 13583 12253 14507 13040 11860 13352 12033 11011

6.469 6.474 6.461 6.521 6.522 6.524 6.561 6.567 6.569

3.405 3.403 3.413 3.419 3.412 3.404 3.397 3.399 3.392

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

RABFLAG

30548

0.002

0.049

0.000

3.000

S1BFLAG S2BFLAG S3BFLAG S4BFLAG S5BFLAG S6BFLAG S7BFLAG S8BFLAG S9BFLAG

10279 13608 12276 14511 13041 11860 13352 12051 11011

0.011 0.014 0.009 0.007 0.003 0.005 0.012 0.010 0.013

0.104 0.157 0.142 0.091 0.057 0.073 0.109 0.099 0.115

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

RABDATE

30547

-9630.041

4812.268

-25371.000

8658.000

S1BDATE S2BDATE S3BDATE S4BDATE S5BDATE S6BDATE S7BDATE S8BDATE S9BDATE

10279 13583 12253 14507 13040 11860 13352 12033 11011

-8380.388 -10498.316 -10209.688 -9337.068 -9050.669 -8736.269 -7394.389 -7190.291 -6928.933

2234.369 3835.936 3698.683 3717.126 3577.619 3436.199 3839.367 3711.797 3632.057

-19313.000 -25371.000 -22599.000 -21900.000 -21900.000 -21900.000 -21900.000 -19313.000 -18309.000

3361.000 4032.000 5340.000 4883.000 6102.000 7440.000 6102.000 8658.000 9678.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| RABFLAG 0.Mo/Yr OK | 30483 1.Mo missing | 64 3.Mo/Yr missing | 1 Value-------------------------| S1BFLAG .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 0.Mo/Yr OK | 10167 1.Mo missing | 112 3.Mo/Yr missing |

S2BFLAG 5970 64 13469 114 25

S3BFLAG 5658 57 12211 42 23

S4BFLAG 6869 4 14421 86 4

S5BFLAG 6538 13007 33 1

S6BFLAG 6306 1 11796 64

S7BFLAG 6777 13191 161

S8BFLAG 6417 1 11931 120

S9BFLAG 6206 10864 147

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

103

How Constructed: RABMONTH and RABYEAR are the respondent’s reported birth month and year, respectively. RABDATE is the SAS date format of the birth date. The SAS date format is the number of days since 1/1/1960. If a date is before 1960 the SAS date is a negative number. If after 1960 it is a positive number. The respondent birth date is derived by searching all waves of data and Tracker for a non-missing date. The first non-missing birth month is used beginning with the Tracker BIRTHMO and BIRTHYR, and then the core data from Wave 1 forward, consecutively. To calculate RABDATE, a day must also be used. If the birth month is given, the 15th is used as the day. If the month is missing but year is given, the day is July 1st and RABMONTH is set to 7. If the year is missing, birth date is missing. RABFLAG indicates if the birth month is missing. Spouse birth date is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported birth date, i.e., from the spouse's RABMONTH, RABYEAR, and RABDATE. If the spouse never responded, then the birth month and year of spouse as reported by the respondent in Wave 'w' is used.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V42 V44 AHEAD 1993: B114 HRS 1994: W212 W53 AHEAD 1995: D636 D638 HRS 1996: E636 E638 HRS 1998: F488 F685 F968 F970 HRS 2000: G1051 G1053 G520 G756 HRS 2002: HX004_R HX067_R HRS 2004: JX004_R JX067_R HRS 2006: KX004_R KX067_R HRS 2008: LX004_R LX067_R Tracker: BIRTHMO BIRTHYR

R:BIRTHDATE:MONTH R:BIRTHDATE:YEAR A1. BIRTH YEAR A11. R:Birthdate:Month Year of Birth A1. BIRTHDATE MONTH A1B. BIRTHDATE YEAR A1.BIRTHDATE MONTH A1B.BIRTHDATE YEAR CS2A.R BIRTHDATE R BIRTH YEAR A1.BIRTHDATE MONTH A1B.BIRTHDATE YEAR A1.BIRTHDATE MONTH A1B.BIRTHDATE YEAR CS2A.R BIRTHDATE CS22Y33.R BIRTH YEAR TE R MONTH BORN-UPDATED YEAR BORN-UPDATED R MONTH BORN-UPDATED YEAR BORN-UPDATED - R R MONTH BORN-UPDATED YEAR BORN-UPDATED - R R MONTH BORN-UPDATED YEAR BORN-UPDATED - R BIRTHDATE: MONTH BIRTHDATE: YEAR

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

104

Age at interview (in months and years) Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1AGEM_B R2AGEM_B R3AGEM_B R4AGEM_B R5AGEM_B R6AGEM_B R7AGEM_B R8AGEM_B R9AGEM_B

R1AGEM_B:W1 R2AGEM_B:W2 R3AGEM_B:W3 R4AGEM_B:W4 R5AGEM_B:W5 R6AGEM_B:W6 R7AGEM_B:W7 R8AGEM_B:W8 R9AGEM_B:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months)

at at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1AGEM_B S2AGEM_B S3AGEM_B S4AGEM_B S5AGEM_B S6AGEM_B S7AGEM_B S8AGEM_B S9AGEM_B

S1AGEM_B:W1 S2AGEM_B:W2 S3AGEM_B:W3 S4AGEM_B:W4 S5AGEM_B:W5 S6AGEM_B:W6 S7AGEM_B:W7 S8AGEM_B:W8 S9AGEM_B:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months)

at at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1AGEY_B R2AGEY_B R3AGEY_B R4AGEY_B R5AGEY_B R6AGEY_B R7AGEY_B R8AGEY_B R9AGEY_B

R1AGEY_B:W1 R2AGEY_B:W2 R3AGEY_B:W3 R4AGEY_B:W4 R5AGEY_B:W5 R6AGEY_B:W6 R7AGEY_B:W7 R8AGEY_B:W8 R9AGEY_B:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years)

at at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1AGEY_B S2AGEY_B S3AGEY_B S4AGEY_B S5AGEY_B S6AGEY_B S7AGEY_B S8AGEY_B S9AGEY_B

S1AGEY_B:W1 S2AGEY_B:W2 S3AGEY_B:W3 S4AGEY_B:W4 S5AGEY_B:W5 S6AGEY_B:W6 S7AGEY_B:W7 S8AGEY_B:W8 S9AGEY_B:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years)

at at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon BegMon

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1AGEM_E R2AGEM_E R3AGEM_E R4AGEM_E R5AGEM_E R6AGEM_E R7AGEM_E R8AGEM_E R9AGEM_E

R1AGEM_E:W1 R2AGEM_E:W2 R3AGEM_E:W3 R4AGEM_E:W4 R5AGEM_E:W5 R6AGEM_E:W6 R7AGEM_E:W7 R8AGEM_E:W8 R9AGEM_E:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months)

EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

S1AGEM_E

S1AGEM_E:W1 S Age (months) at Ivw EndMon

Cont

at at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

105

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2AGEM_E S3AGEM_E S4AGEM_E S5AGEM_E S6AGEM_E S7AGEM_E S8AGEM_E S9AGEM_E

S2AGEM_E:W2 S3AGEM_E:W3 S4AGEM_E:W4 S5AGEM_E:W5 S6AGEM_E:W6 S7AGEM_E:W7 S8AGEM_E:W8 S9AGEM_E:W9

S S S S S S S S

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months)

at at at at at at at at

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1AGEY_E R2AGEY_E R3AGEY_E R4AGEY_E R5AGEY_E R6AGEY_E R7AGEY_E R8AGEY_E R9AGEY_E

R1AGEY_E:W1 R2AGEY_E:W2 R3AGEY_E:W3 R4AGEY_E:W4 R5AGEY_E:W5 R6AGEY_E:W6 R7AGEY_E:W7 R8AGEY_E:W8 R9AGEY_E:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years)

at at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1AGEY_E S2AGEY_E S3AGEY_E S4AGEY_E S5AGEY_E S6AGEY_E S7AGEY_E S8AGEY_E S9AGEY_E

S1AGEY_E:W1 S2AGEY_E:W2 S3AGEY_E:W3 S4AGEY_E:W4 S5AGEY_E:W5 S6AGEY_E:W6 S7AGEY_E:W7 S8AGEY_E:W8 S9AGEY_E:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years)

at at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1AGEM_M R2AGEM_M R3AGEM_M R4AGEM_M R5AGEM_M R6AGEM_M R7AGEM_M R8AGEM_M R9AGEM_M

R1AGEM_M:W1 R2AGEM_M:W2 R3AGEM_M:W3 R4AGEM_M:W4 R5AGEM_M:W5 R6AGEM_M:W6 R7AGEM_M:W7 R8AGEM_M:W8 R9AGEM_M:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months)

at at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1AGEM_M S2AGEM_M S3AGEM_M S4AGEM_M S5AGEM_M S6AGEM_M S7AGEM_M S8AGEM_M S9AGEM_M

S1AGEM_M:W1 S2AGEM_M:W2 S3AGEM_M:W3 S4AGEM_M:W4 S5AGEM_M:W5 S6AGEM_M:W6 S7AGEM_M:W7 S8AGEM_M:W8 S9AGEM_M:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months) (months)

at at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R1AGEY_M R2AGEY_M R3AGEY_M R4AGEY_M R5AGEY_M R6AGEY_M R7AGEY_M R8AGEY_M

R1AGEY_M:W1 R2AGEY_M:W2 R3AGEY_M:W3 R4AGEY_M:W4 R5AGEY_M:W5 R6AGEY_M:W6 R7AGEY_M:W7 R8AGEY_M:W8

R R R R R R R R

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years)

at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon EndMon

MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

106

9

R9AGEY_M

R9AGEY_M:W9 R Age (years) at Ivw MidMon

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1AGEY_M S2AGEY_M S3AGEY_M S4AGEY_M S5AGEY_M S6AGEY_M S7AGEY_M S8AGEY_M S9AGEY_M

S1AGEY_M:W1 S2AGEY_M:W2 S3AGEY_M:W3 S4AGEY_M:W4 S5AGEY_M:W5 S6AGEY_M:W6 S7AGEY_M:W7 S8AGEY_M:W8 S9AGEY_M:W9

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

S S S S S S S S S

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

(years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years) (years)

at at at at at at at at at

Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw Ivw

MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon MidMon

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

R1AGEM_B R2AGEM_B R3AGEM_B R4AGEM_B R5AGEM_B R6AGEM_B R7AGEM_B R8AGEM_B R9AGEM_B

12651 19641 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

668.610 787.164 801.831 796.798 811.056 825.880 804.291 821.375 835.877

S1AGEM_B S2AGEM_B S3AGEM_B S4AGEM_B S5AGEM_B S6AGEM_B S7AGEM_B S8AGEM_B S9AGEM_B

10279 13583 12253 14507 13040 11860 13352 12033 11011

R1AGEY_B R2AGEY_B R3AGEY_B R4AGEY_B R5AGEY_B R6AGEY_B R7AGEY_B R8AGEY_B R9AGEY_B

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

67.953 137.140 133.486 133.262 130.073 125.922 137.868 133.136 129.049

278.000 285.000 264.000 305.000 284.000 308.000 296.000 305.000 301.000

1025.000 1243.000 1265.000 1264.000 1292.000 1316.000 1289.000 1255.000 1280.000

667.560 757.446 772.177 768.147 781.844 797.394 776.860 794.219 809.135

73.385 123.707 119.125 121.343 117.402 112.780 125.586 121.414 119.119

278.000 285.000 263.000 304.000 282.000 269.000 331.000 274.000 270.000

1025.000 1243.000 1177.000 1185.000 1203.000 1227.000 1250.000 1191.000 1185.000

12651 19641 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

55.255 65.135 66.361 65.937 67.125 68.363 66.566 67.986 69.199

5.669 11.432 11.129 11.113 10.843 10.500 11.495 11.098 10.758

23.000 23.000 22.000 25.000 23.000 25.000 24.000 25.000 25.000

85.000 103.000 105.000 105.000 107.000 109.000 107.000 104.000 106.000

S1AGEY_B S2AGEY_B S3AGEY_B S4AGEY_B S5AGEY_B S6AGEY_B S7AGEY_B S8AGEY_B S9AGEY_B

10279 13583 12253 14507 13040 11860 13352 12033 11011

55.169 62.662 63.891 63.548 64.689 65.994 64.280 65.722 66.967

6.122 10.313 9.932 10.118 9.787 9.407 10.468 10.120 9.933

23.000 23.000 21.000 25.000 23.000 22.000 27.000 22.000 22.000

85.000 103.000 98.000 98.000 100.000 102.000 104.000 99.000 98.000

R1AGEM_E R2AGEM_E R3AGEM_E R4AGEM_E R5AGEM_E

12651 19641 17991 21384 19579

668.629 787.193 801.870 796.857 811.102

67.950 137.117 133.459 133.269 130.077

278.000 285.000 264.000 305.000 284.000

1025.000 1243.000 1265.000 1264.000 1292.000

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

107

R6AGEM_E R7AGEM_E R8AGEM_E R9AGEM_E

18167 20129 18469 17217

825.916 804.291 821.408 835.913

125.918 137.868 133.133 129.048

308.000 296.000 305.000 301.000

1316.000 1289.000 1255.000 1280.000

S1AGEM_E S2AGEM_E S3AGEM_E S4AGEM_E S5AGEM_E S6AGEM_E S7AGEM_E S8AGEM_E S9AGEM_E

10279 13583 12253 14507 13040 11860 13352 12033 11011

667.578 757.470 772.215 768.200 781.884 797.423 776.860 794.242 809.162

73.385 123.693 119.106 121.346 117.404 112.777 125.586 121.408 119.110

278.000 285.000 263.000 304.000 282.000 269.000 331.000 274.000 270.000

1025.000 1243.000 1177.000 1185.000 1203.000 1227.000 1250.000 1191.000 1185.000

R1AGEY_E R2AGEY_E R3AGEY_E R4AGEY_E R5AGEY_E R6AGEY_E R7AGEY_E R8AGEY_E R9AGEY_E

12651 19641 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

55.257 65.138 66.364 65.943 67.129 68.367 66.566 67.988 69.202

5.669 11.430 11.127 11.114 10.844 10.499 11.495 11.097 10.758

23.000 23.000 22.000 25.000 23.000 25.000 24.000 25.000 25.000

85.000 103.000 105.000 105.000 107.000 109.000 107.000 104.000 106.000

S1AGEY_E S2AGEY_E S3AGEY_E S4AGEY_E S5AGEY_E S6AGEY_E S7AGEY_E S8AGEY_E S9AGEY_E

10279 13583 12253 14507 13040 11860 13352 12033 11011

55.170 62.664 63.894 63.552 64.693 65.996 64.280 65.724 66.969

6.122 10.312 9.930 10.118 9.788 9.406 10.468 10.119 9.933

23.000 23.000 21.000 25.000 23.000 22.000 27.000 22.000 22.000

85.000 103.000 98.000 98.000 100.000 102.000 104.000 99.000 98.000

R1AGEM_M R2AGEM_M R3AGEM_M R4AGEM_M R5AGEM_M R6AGEM_M R7AGEM_M R8AGEM_M R9AGEM_M

12651 19641 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

668.620 787.178 801.842 796.816 811.066 825.891 804.291 821.383 835.886

67.951 137.128 133.478 133.268 130.074 125.921 137.868 133.134 129.050

278.000 285.000 264.000 305.000 284.000 308.000 296.000 305.000 301.000

1025.000 1243.000 1265.000 1264.000 1292.000 1316.000 1289.000 1255.000 1280.000

S1AGEM_M S2AGEM_M S3AGEM_M S4AGEM_M S5AGEM_M S6AGEM_M S7AGEM_M S8AGEM_M S9AGEM_M

10279 13583 12253 14507 13040 11860 13352 12033 11011

667.569 757.458 772.188 768.162 781.852 797.403 776.860 794.224 809.141

73.385 123.700 119.120 121.347 117.402 112.779 125.586 121.413 119.117

278.000 285.000 263.000 304.000 282.000 269.000 331.000 274.000 270.000

1025.000 1243.000 1177.000 1185.000 1203.000 1227.000 1250.000 1191.000 1185.000

R1AGEY_M R2AGEY_M R3AGEY_M R4AGEY_M R5AGEY_M R6AGEY_M R7AGEY_M R8AGEY_M

12651 19641 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469

55.256 65.137 66.362 65.939 67.125 68.364 66.566 67.986

5.669 11.431 11.129 11.114 10.844 10.499 11.495 11.098

23.000 23.000 22.000 25.000 23.000 25.000 24.000 25.000

85.000 103.000 105.000 105.000 107.000 109.000 107.000 104.000

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

108

R9AGEY_M

17217

69.200

10.758

25.000

106.000

S1AGEY_M S2AGEY_M S3AGEY_M S4AGEY_M S5AGEY_M S6AGEY_M S7AGEY_M S8AGEY_M S9AGEY_M

10279 13583 12253 14507 13040 11860 13352 12033 11011

55.169 62.663 63.892 63.549 64.690 65.995 64.280 65.723 66.967

6.122 10.312 9.931 10.118 9.787 9.406 10.468 10.120 9.933

23.000 23.000 21.000 25.000 23.000 22.000 27.000 22.000 22.000

85.000 103.000 98.000 98.000 100.000 102.000 104.000 99.000 98.000

How Constructed: Age at the beginning of the interview (RwAGEM_B) is calculated from respondent birthdate and beginning interview date (RwIWBEG), in months and years. Age in years (RwAGEY_B) is the integer portion of the number of months old divided by 12. Age in months and years at the end of the interview (RwAGEM_E and RwAGEY_E) is calculated in the same way but uses the ending interview date (RwIWEND). Age in months and years at the midpoint between the beginning and ending interview dates (RwAGEM_M and RwAGEY_M) is calculated in the same way but uses the midpoint between interview dates (RwIWMID). According to HRS, when there are different beginning and ending interview dates, most of the interview is usually conducted on the ending date. Thus it is probably best to use the RwAGEM_E and RwAGEY_E variables for respondent age at each interview. From Wave 6 forward and in Ahead Waves 2A and 3A, the beginning and ending interview dates are always the same. In those waves, RwAGEY_B, RwAGEY_M, and RwAGEY_E are all the same as are RwAGEM_B, RwAGEY_M and RwAGEY_E. See Birth Month (RABMONTH, RABYEAR, RABDATE) for a description of how the birth date is derived. See Interview Dates (RwIWBEG, RwIWEND, RwIWMID) for a description of how the beginning, ending, and midpoint interview dates are derived. Spouse age is calculated using the spouse birth month and R's interview month at each wave. Spouse birth date is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's birth date, i.e., from SwBDATE.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

109

Gender Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAGENDER

RAGENDER: R Gender

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1GENDER S2GENDER S3GENDER S4GENDER S5GENDER S6GENDER S7GENDER S8GENDER S9GENDER

S1GENDER: S2GENDER: S3GENDER: S4GENDER: S5GENDER: S6GENDER: S7GENDER: S8GENDER: S9GENDER:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

RAGENDRF

RAGENDRF: Flag if problem with R Gender

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1GENDRF S2GENDRF S3GENDRF S4GENDRF S5GENDRF S6GENDRF S7GENDRF S8GENDRF S9GENDRF

S1GENDRF: S2GENDRF: S3GENDRF: S4GENDRF: S5GENDRF: S6GENDRF: S7GENDRF: S8GENDRF: S9GENDRF:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

if if if if if if if if if

problem problem problem problem problem problem problem problem problem

with with with with with with with with with

S S S S S S S S S

Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender Gender

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

RAGENDER

30548

1.566

0.496

1.000

2.000

S1GENDER S2GENDER S3GENDER S4GENDER S5GENDER S6GENDER S7GENDER S8GENDER S9GENDER

10279 13628 12299 14515 13041 11824 13307 12000 10953

1.498 1.498 1.498 1.499 1.500 1.501 1.499 1.501 1.501

0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

RAGENDRF

30548

0.003

0.069

0.000

2.000

S1GENDRF S2GENDRF S3GENDRF S4GENDRF S5GENDRF S6GENDRF S7GENDRF S8GENDRF S9GENDRF

10279 13628 12299 14515 13041 11824 13307 12000 10953

0.001 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.004

0.046 0.052 0.067 0.075 0.074 0.076 0.079 0.085 0.086

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

Categorical Variable Codes

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

110

Value-------------------------|RAGENDER 1.Male | 13255 2.Female | 17293 Value-------------------------|S1GENDER S2GENDER S3GENDER S4GENDER S5GENDER S6GENDER S7GENDER S8GENDER S9GENDER .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 44 34 37 45 52 58 1.Male | 5165 6846 6171 7267 6518 5901 6662 5985 5469 2.Female | 5114 6782 6128 7248 6523 5923 6645 6015 5484 Value-------------------------|RAGENDRF 0.no gender problem | 30496 1.gender prob,used first | 21 2.gendr prob,used oth inf | 31 Value-------------------------|S1GENDRF S2GENDRF S3GENDRF S4GENDRF S5GENDRF S6GENDRF S7GENDRF S8GENDRF S9GENDRF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 44 34 37 45 52 58 0.no gender problem | 10272 13618 12282 14488 13017 11801 13277 11971 10926 1.gender prob,used first | 2 1 4 9 8 8 12 10 9 2.gendr prob,used oth inf | 5 9 13 18 16 15 18 19 18

How Constructed: Gender was derived by looking at reports from Tracker and all waves of data. Usually the first non-missing gender was used. There are cases where gender changes from wave to wave. These are flagged by RAGENDRF. For some of these cases, gender-specific health questions were examined to determine the correct gender. Specifically, if yes to prostrate exam, R is male, and if yes to mammogram, pap smear, or checking for breast lumps, R is female. For other cases, HRS provided additional information as to the correct gender. Spouse gender is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RAGENDER variable. If the spouse never responded, spouse gender is taken from the respondent's report of spouse gender.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Gender is reported in the Tracker file and in all waves. It is reported for the respondent in 2 places in Waves 4 and 5. Gender-specific health variables are available starting in Wave 3, but are not asked of everyone in every wave. Spouse gender is available in all waves, if the respondent is married or partnered. is reported in 2 places in Waves 3H, 4 and 5.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V47 AHEAD 1993: SEX HRS 1994: W50 AHEAD 1995: D290 D374 D925 D926 D927 D929 HRS 1996: E290 E374 E382 E926 E927

R:SEX SEX OF R Gender SEX OF NEW SPOUSE R SEX B19F. PREVENTATIVE BEHAV BREAST LUMP B19G.PREVANTIVE MAMMOGRAM B19H.PREVANTATIVE PAP SMEAR B19K.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV PROSTATE SEX OF NEW SPOUSE R SEX SP GENDER B19F.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV BREAST LUMP B19G.PREVENTIVE MAMMOGRAM

Spouse gender

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

E928 E929 HRS 1998: F1254 F1255 F1256 F1257 F469 F591 F686 F693 HRS 2000: G1387 G1388 G1389 G1390 G490 G642 G757 G764 HRS 2002: HC111 HC112 HC113 HC114 HX060_R HRS 2004: JC111 JC112 JC113 JC114 JX060_R HRS 2006: KC111 KC112 KC113 KC114 KX060_R HRS 2008: LC111 LC112 LC113 LC114 LX060_R Tracker: GENDER

B19H.PREVENTATIVE PAP SMEAR B19K.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV PROSTATE B19F.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV BREAST LUMP B19G.PREVENTATIVE MAMMOGRAM B19H.PREVENTATIVE PAP SMEAR B19K.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV PROSTATE R GENDER - UPDATED SEX OF NEW SPOUSE R SEX SP GENDER B19F.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV BREAST LUMP B19G.PREVENTATIVE MAMMOGRAM B19H.PREVENTATIVE PAP SMEAR B19K.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV PROSTATE CS0Y16.R GENDER - UPDATED CS15Y56.SEX OF NEW SPOUSE CS22Y34.R SEX CS22Y41.SP GENDER CHECK FOR BREAST LUMPS SINCE PREV WAVE MAMMOGRAM/XRAY OF BREAST SINCE PREV WAVE PAP SMEAR SINCE PREV WAVE PROSTATE EXAM SINCE PREV WAVE SEX OF INDIVIDUAL-UPDATED CHECK FOR BREAST LUMPS SINCE PREV WAVE MAMMOGRAM/XRAY OF BREAST SINCE PREV WAVE PAP SMEAR SINCE PREV WAVE PROSTATE EXAM SINCE PREV WAVE SEX OF INDIVIDUAL-UPDATED - R CHECK FOR BREAST LUMPS SINCE PREV WAVE MAMMOGRAM/XRAY OF BREAST SINCE PREV WAVE PAP SMEAR SINCE PREV WAVE PROSTATE EXAM SINCE PREV WAVE SEX OF INDIVIDUAL-UPDATED - R CHECK FOR BREAST LUMPS SINCE PREV WAVE MAMMOGRAM/XRAY OF BREAST SINCE PREV WAVE PAP SMEAR SINCE PREV WAVE PROSTATE EXAM SINCE PREV WAVE SEX OF INDIVIDUAL-UPDATED - R SEX OF RESPONDENT

111

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

112

Race , Ethnicity: Race Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RARACEM

RARACEM: R Race - masked

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1RACEM S2RACEM S3RACEM S4RACEM S5RACEM S6RACEM S7RACEM S8RACEM S9RACEM

S1RACEM: S2RACEM: S3RACEM: S4RACEM: S5RACEM: S6RACEM: S7RACEM: S8RACEM: S9RACEM:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

RARACEF

RARACEF: Flag RARACEM decisions

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1RACEF S2RACEF S3RACEF S4RACEF S5RACEF S6RACEF S7RACEF S8RACEF S9RACEF

S1RACEF: S2RACEF: S3RACEF: S4RACEF: S5RACEF: S6RACEF: S7RACEF: S8RACEF: S9RACEF:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Race Race Race Race Race Race Race Race Race

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

-

masked masked masked masked masked masked masked masked masked

RARACEM RARACEM RARACEM RARACEM RARACEM RARACEM RARACEM RARACEM RARACEM

decisions decisions decisions decisions decisions decisions decisions decisions decisions

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RARACEM

30530

1.243

0.526

1.000

3.000

S1RACEM S2RACEM S3RACEM S4RACEM S5RACEM S6RACEM S7RACEM S8RACEM S9RACEM

10147 13503 12197 14354 12952 11782 13196 11934 10869

1.205 1.176 1.171 1.176 1.177 1.180 1.213 1.207 1.211

0.489 0.453 0.452 0.463 0.468 0.471 0.524 0.519 0.525

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

RARACEF

30548

0.038

0.333

0.000

3.000

S1RACEF S2RACEF S3RACEF S4RACEF S5RACEF S6RACEF S7RACEF S8RACEF S9RACEF

10279 13608 12269 14453 13007 11824 13307 12000 10953

0.029 0.021 0.022 0.030 0.032 0.036 0.052 0.054 0.056

0.284 0.247 0.251 0.299 0.309 0.323 0.392 0.398 0.404

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Categorical Variable Codes

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

113

Value-------------------------| RARACEM .D=DK | 1 .M=Oth missing | 17 1.White/Caucasian | 24524 2.Black/African American | 4589 3.Other | 1417 Value-------------------------| S1RACEM .M=Oth missing | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 132 1.White/Caucasian | 8449 2.Black/African American | 1313 3.Other | 385

S2RACEM 13 5970 156 11541 1554 408

S3RACEM 6 5658 130 10487 1332 378

S4RACEM 6 6869 155 12319 1538 497

S5RACEM 4 6538 85 11139 1339 474

S6RACEM 2 6306 77 10104 1239 439

S7RACEM 2 6777 154 11087 1405 704

S8RACEM 1 6417 117 10086 1223 625

S9RACEM 1 6206 141 9172 1105 592

S2RACEF 5970 64 13499 16 3 90

S3RACEF 5658 64 12174 9 1 85

S4RACEF 6869 62 14301 7 2 143

S5RACEF 6538 34 12862 6 1 138

S6RACEF 6306 37 11682 2 2 138

S7RACEF 6777 45 13074 1 2 230

S8RACEF 6417 52 11783 1 2 214

S9RACEF 6206 58 10749 1 1 202

Value-------------------------| RARACEF 0.No problem | 30144 1.Hispanic,assumed white | 20 2.Hispanic,assumed white,ne Tr| 10 3.Diff from tracker, used 1st | 374 Value-------------------------| S1RACEF .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 0.No problem | 10168 1.Hispanic,assumed white | 17 2.Hispanic,assumed white,ne Tr| 5 3.Diff from tracker, used 1st | 89

How Constructed: Race is assigned by looking at reports from all waves of data and Tracker. The first non-missing value is used. If race is still missing and the respondent is Hispanic (RAHISPAN=1) then race is set to white/Caucasian. RARACEF flags cases where the core data the Tracker assumes provide information white.

where race is set to white/Caucasion based on RAHISPAN. It also flags cases and Tracker do not agree, in which case the core data is used. It appears that other race when race is missing and R is Hispanic. Examination of cases that on both race and whether Hispanic, most Hispanic respondents report race as

Changes in coding across waves sometimes collapse or expand the race categories coded. RwRACEM has been coded into 3 categories that are consistently available across all waves: white/Caucasian, black/African American and other. In Wave 1 the race variable is imputed. are missing.

The imputation is only used if all other sources for race

In Wave 8, up to three races can be reported along with which is considered primary by R if more than one is given. The primary race is used to derive RARACEM for those who provide multiple races. Otherwise the single given race is used. SwRACEM provides the race of the respondent's spouse or partner. spouse's RARACEM variables.

It is taken from the Wave 'w'

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Wave 1 codes race in more detailed than in later waves, including separate categories for white/Caucasian, black/African American, American Indian/Alaskan native, Asian/Pacific Islander, Brown/combination, and other. Wave 2H uses the same categories except that 'brown' and 'other' are combined. Starting in Wave 3H of HRS, and in Wave 2A of AHEAD, the categories are masked into 3 groups: white/Caucasian, black/African American and other. Before Wave 8 this question is asked at R’s first interview. In Wave 8, all respondents are asked this question. Also in Wave 8, up to three races can be reported, along with which is considered

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

114

primary by R if more than one is given. The question about primary race asks: Do you consider yourself primarily [race responses separated by ‘or’]?

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10221 V216 V221 AHEAD 1993: B140 B143 HRS 1994: W228 W233 AHEAD 1995: D664 D667M HRS 1996: E664 E667M HRS 1998: F1002 F1005M HRS 2000: G1089 G1092A G1092M HRS 2002: HB028 HB031M HRS 2004: JB028 JB031M HRS 2006: KB028 KB089M1M KB091M HRS 2008: LB028 LB089M1M LB091M Tracker: HISPANIC RACE

A8:RACE/ETHNICITY :IND A7:HISPANIC OR LATINO A8:RACE/ETHNICITY :IMP A7. R HISPANIC/LATINO A8. R'S RACE A15. Hispanic or Latino A16. Race/Ethnicity A7. HISPANIC A8. R RACE - MASKED A7.HISPANIC A8.R RACE - MASKED A7.HISPANIC A8.R RACE - MASKED A7.HISPANIC A8.R RACE - COMBINED MASKED A8.R RACE - MASKED R HISPANIC/LATINO R RACE - MASKED R HISPANIC/LATINO R RACE - MASKED R HISPANIC/LATINO R RACE - MULTIPLE RESPONSE -1 MASKED R RACE - PRIMARY - MASKED R HISPANIC/LATINO R RACE - MULTIPLE RESPONSE -1 MASKED R RACE - PRIMARY - MASKED HISPANICITY TYPE RACE/ETHNICITY

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

115

Race , Ethnicity: Whether Hispanic Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAHISPAN

RAHISPAN: R Hispanic

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HISPAN S2HISPAN S3HISPAN S4HISPAN S5HISPAN S6HISPAN S7HISPAN S8HISPAN S9HISPAN

S1HISPAN: S2HISPAN: S3HISPAN: S4HISPAN: S5HISPAN: S6HISPAN: S7HISPAN: S8HISPAN: S9HISPAN:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RAHISPAN

30520

0.087

0.282

0.000

1.000

S1HISPAN S2HISPAN S3HISPAN S4HISPAN S5HISPAN S6HISPAN S7HISPAN S8HISPAN S9HISPAN

10131 13491 12191 14351 12951 11780 13197 11936 10870

0.090 0.075 0.079 0.078 0.080 0.081 0.098 0.095 0.099

0.287 0.264 0.269 0.268 0.271 0.273 0.298 0.293 0.298

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|RAHISPAN .M=Oth missing | 28 0. Not Hispanic | 27852 1. Hispanic | 2668 Value-------------------------|S1HISPAN S2HISPAN S3HISPAN S4HISPAN S5HISPAN S6HISPAN S7HISPAN S8HISPAN S9HISPAN .M=Oth missing | 8 19 11 8 5 4 1 1 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 140 162 131 156 85 77 154 116 140 0. Not Hispanic | 9217 12473 11232 13232 11914 10826 11899 10806 9796 1. Hispanic | 914 1018 959 1119 1037 954 1298 1130 1074

How Constructed: RAHISPAN indicates whether the respondent is Hispanic. It is assigned by looking at reports from all waves of data and Tracker. The first non-missing value is used. The codes for the source variables indicate yes, for Hispanic which is recoded to 1, and no which is recoded to 0. If derived from the Tracker file variable, both Mexican-American and Other Hispanic are recoded to 1. SwHISPAN indicates whether the respondent's spouse or partner is Hispanic. Wave 'w' spouse's RAHISPAN variable.

It is taken from the

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

116

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Before Wave 8, individuals are asked whether they consider themselves Hispanic or Latino at their first interview. In Wave 8, everyone is asked this question. In Wave 9, the question was asked if it’s first interview.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V216 AHEAD 1993: B140 HRS 1994: W228 AHEAD 1995: D664 HRS 1996: E664 HRS 1998: F1002 HRS 2000: G1089 HRS 2002: HB028 HRS 2004: JB028 HRS 2006: KB028 HRS 2008: LB028 Tracker: HISPANIC

A7:HISPANIC OR LATINO A7. R HISPANIC/LATINO A15. Hispanic or Latino A7. HISPANIC A7.HISPANIC A7.HISPANIC A7.HISPANIC R HISPANIC/LATINO R HISPANIC/LATINO R HISPANIC/LATINO R HISPANIC/LATINO HISPANICITY TYPE

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

117

Census Region Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1CENREG R2CENREG R3CENREG R4CENREG R5CENREG R6CENREG R7CENREG R8CENREG R9CENREG

R1CENREG:W1 R2CENREG:W2 R3CENREG:W3 R4CENREG:W4 R5CENREG:W5 R6CENREG:W6 R7CENREG:W7 R8CENREG:W8 R9CENREG:W9

Census Census Census Census Census Census Census Census Census

Region Region Region Region Region Region Region Region Region

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CENREG S2CENREG S3CENREG S4CENREG S5CENREG S6CENREG S7CENREG S8CENREG S9CENREG

S1CENREG:W1 S2CENREG:W2 S3CENREG:W3 S4CENREG:W4 S5CENREG:W5 S6CENREG:W6 S7CENREG:W7 S8CENREG:W8 S9CENREG:W9

Census Census Census Census Census Census Census Census Census

Region Region Region Region Region Region Region Region Region

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1CENDIV R2CENDIV R3CENDIV R4CENDIV R5CENDIV R6CENDIV R7CENDIV R8CENDIV R9CENDIV

R1CENDIV:W1 R2CENDIV:W2 R3CENDIV:W3 R4CENDIV:W4 R5CENDIV:W5 R6CENDIV:W6 R7CENDIV:W7 R8CENDIV:W8 R9CENDIV:W9

Census Census Census Census Census Census Census Census Census

Division Division Division Division Division Division Division Division Division

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CENDIV S2CENDIV S3CENDIV S4CENDIV S5CENDIV S6CENDIV S7CENDIV S8CENDIV S9CENDIV

S1CENDIV:W1 S2CENDIV:W2 S3CENDIV:W3 S4CENDIV:W4 S5CENDIV:W5 S6CENDIV:W6 S7CENDIV:W7 S8CENDIV:W8 S9CENDIV:W9

Census Census Census Census Census Census Census Census Census

Division Division Division Division Division Division Division Division Division

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

R1CENREG R2CENREG R3CENREG R4CENREG R5CENREG R6CENREG R7CENREG R8CENREG

12652 19640 17989 21376 19568 18151 20114 18458

Mean 2.566 2.557 2.568 2.585 2.590 2.600 2.620 2.629

Std Dev 0.959 0.962 0.960 0.958 0.964 0.961 0.974 0.966

Minimum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Maximum 4.000 4.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

118

R9CENREG

17206

2.634

0.963

1.000

5.000

S1CENREG S2CENREG S3CENREG S4CENREG S5CENREG S6CENREG S7CENREG S8CENREG S9CENREG

9900 13087 11915 13978 12722 11631 12962 11725 10637

2.570 2.579 2.592 2.609 2.605 2.615 2.637 2.645 2.652

0.950 0.957 0.954 0.954 0.960 0.958 0.972 0.965 0.956

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

4.000 4.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

R1CENDIV R2CENDIV R3CENDIV R4CENDIV R5CENDIV R6CENDIV R7CENDIV R8CENDIV R9CENDIV

12652 19640 17989 21376 19568 18151 20114 18458 17206

4.900 4.882 4.900 4.933 4.956 4.985 5.035 5.055 5.063

2.302 2.319 2.313 2.322 2.335 2.338 2.379 2.363 2.353

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000

S1CENDIV S2CENDIV S3CENDIV S4CENDIV S5CENDIV S6CENDIV S7CENDIV S8CENDIV S9CENDIV

9900 13087 11915 13978 12722 11631 12962 11725 10637

4.908 4.933 4.956 4.990 4.993 5.021 5.071 5.097 5.104

2.291 2.321 2.314 2.327 2.337 2.340 2.386 2.373 2.354

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1CENREG R2CENREG R3CENREG R4CENREG R5CENREG R6CENREG R7CENREG R8CENREG R9CENREG .M=Oth missing | 2 2 8 11 16 15 11 11 1.Northeast | 2240 3529 3134 3589 3300 2976 3257 2882 2657 2.Midwest | 3042 4781 4438 5324 4826 4525 5008 4633 4282 3.South | 5343 8191 7490 8848 8057 7447 7999 7433 6997 4.West | 2027 3139 2918 3608 3369 3189 3822 3480 3239 5.Other | 9 7 16 14 28 30 31 Value-------------------------|S1CENREG S2CENREG S3CENREG S4CENREG S5CENREG S6CENREG S7CENREG S8CENREG S9CENREG .M=Oth missing | 1 8 10 10 10 9 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1.Northeast | 1684 2213 1942 2202 2051 1819 1996 1748 1531 2.Midwest | 2461 3263 3006 3551 3202 2968 3317 3006 2744 3.South | 4182 5430 4942 5742 5199 4723 5063 4648 4274 4.West | 1573 2181 2019 2478 2260 2111 2568 2302 2068 5.Other | 6 5 10 10 18 21 20 Value-------------------------|R1CENDIV R2CENDIV R3CENDIV R4CENDIV R5CENDIV R6CENDIV R7CENDIV R8CENDIV R9CENDIV .M=Oth missing | 2 2 8 11 16 15 11 11 1. New England | 469 782 702 869 800 718 833 741 665 2. Mid Atlantic | 1771 2747 2432 2720 2500 2258 2424 2141 1992 3. EN Central | 1987 3238 2979 3561 3178 2978 3362 3071 2830 4. WN Central | 1055 1543 1459 1763 1648 1547 1646 1562 1452 5. S Atlantic | 3256 4976 4577 5429 4884 4442 4720 4321 4088 6. ES Central | 817 1115 1017 1196 1120 1056 1175 1134 1064 7. WS Central | 1270 2100 1896 2223 2053 1949 2104 1978 1845 8. Mountain | 513 801 808 1018 961 915 1156 1090 1056 9. Pacific | 1514 2338 2110 2590 2408 2274 2666 2390 2183 11.Not US/inc US terr | 9 7 16 14 28 30 31

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

119

Value-------------------------|S1CENDIV S2CENDIV S3CENDIV S4CENDIV S5CENDIV S6CENDIV S7CENDIV S8CENDIV S9CENDIV .M=Oth missing | 1 8 10 10 10 9 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1. New England | 379 513 439 550 515 451 538 465 401 2. Mid Atlantic | 1305 1700 1503 1652 1536 1368 1458 1283 1130 3. EN Central | 1584 2183 2010 2330 2074 1921 2204 1976 1800 4. WN Central | 877 1080 996 1221 1128 1047 1113 1030 944 5. S Atlantic | 2514 3260 2980 3517 3115 2790 2990 2669 2483 6. ES Central | 652 768 696 793 759 707 759 725 658 7. WS Central | 1016 1402 1266 1432 1325 1226 1314 1254 1133 8. Mountain | 409 581 581 700 655 620 796 735 670 9. Pacific | 1164 1600 1438 1778 1605 1491 1772 1567 1398 11.Not US/inc US terr | 6 5 10 10 18 21 20

How Constructed: RwCENREG gives the Census Region and RwCENDIV the Census Division of respondent residence at wave 'w'. The Census Division of residence is provided in the HRS 2004 Geographic Region Information file and in the core data for most waves. Census Division is recoded into the larger Census Regions. Information for 2006 is only available in the core data. If the residence location in the Geographic Region file variables is missing, we examine variables from the core data for location, if available. We then look at the spouse's residence from the Geographic Region file, and if the couple is living together, use it to fill missing as well. Finally, we examine variables indicating whether the household moved between waves and if not, carry prior residence forward or future residence back. In the core data, location of residence is collected in the first interview for the entry cohort sub-sample, i.e., in Wave 1 for the HRS cohort, Wave 2A for the AHEAD cohort, Wave 4 for the CODA and War Babies cohorts, and Wave 7 for the EBB cohort. At subsequent interviews, questions ask whether the household moved, and if so, if the move was within the same area as the previous interview residence. If the household moved out of the area, the new location was collected. The new location is provided in the core data, except in Waves 2H and 3A. Note that most of the time the respondent and spouse live in the same Census Region, but occasionally the two regions differ. The spouse's Census Region and Division are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's variables, i.e., from the Wave 'w' spouse's RwCENREG and RwCENDIV.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Region of residence for all waves before 2006 is provided in the HRS 2004 Geographic Region Information file. In addition there is information on household location in the core data. Location of residence is available in Wave 1 data for the HRS entry cohort, and in Wave 2A for the AHEAD entry cohort. In Wave 4, the War Babies and Coda cohorts are asked for the location of current residence, as this is their first wave in the study. In Wave 7, the EBB cohorts are asked for location of current residence. In Wave 2H for HRS cohort there is no question about the current location of residence. The only question asked is whether the household moved to different residence since the date of Wave 1 interview. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, questions ask if the household is still in the same location as in previous wave interview and if not, whether it moved to the same area of that old address. If the household did not stay within the same area, the new location is asked. Wave 3A follows a similar sequence of questions, except that the new location was not asked.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V53

R:STATE HRS (RECODED)

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

AHEAD 1993: REGION HRS 1994: W100 W200 AHEAD 1995: D241 D422 D423 HRS 1996: E241 E422 E423 E430M HRS 1998: F521 F723 F724 F731M HRS 2000: G562 G796 G797 G805M HRS 2002: HA030 HA071 HA072 HA076M HRS 2004: JA030 JA071 JA072 JA076M HRS 2006: KA030 KA071 KA072 KA076M HRS 2008: LA030 LA071 LA072 LA076M Region: REGION00 REGION02 REGION04 REGION06 REGION08 REGION92 REGION93 REGION94 REGION95 REGION96 REGION98

CENSUS REGION/DIVISION HHCS5. Is Residence Different? A1. Marital Status CS12.COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER CS27. SAME RESIDENCE #1 CS28. SAME AREA - 1 CS12.COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER CS27. SAME RESIDENCE #1 CS28. SAME AREA - 1 CS33. REGION CURRENT RESIDENCE CS12.COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER CS27. SAME RESIDENCE #1 CS28. SAME AREA - 1 CS33.CURRENT RESIDENCE - REGION CS12.COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER CS27. SAME RESIDENCE #1 CS28. SAME AREA - 1 CS33.CURRENT RESIDENCE - REGION COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SAME RESID AS PREV WAVE #1 SAME CITY/ST RESID # 1 CURRENT RESIDENCE STATE - MASKED COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SAME RESID AS PREV WAVE #1 SAME CITY/ST RESID # 1 CURRENT RESIDENCE STATE - MASKED COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SAME RESID AS PREV WAVE #1 SAME CITY/ST RESID # 1 CURRENT RESIDENCE STATE - MASKED COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SAME RESID AS PREV WAVE #1 SAME CITY/ST RESID # 1 CURRENT RESIDENCE STATE - MASKED REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION REGION

OF OF OF OF OF OF OF OF OF OF OF

RESIDENCE RESIDENCE RESIDENCE RESIDENCE RESIDENCE RESIDENCE RESIDENCE RESIDENCE RESIDENCE RESIDENCE RESIDENCE

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998

120

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

121

Education: Years of Education Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAEDYRS

RAEDYRS: R Years of Education

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1EDYRS S2EDYRS S3EDYRS S4EDYRS S5EDYRS S6EDYRS S7EDYRS S8EDYRS S9EDYRS

S1EDYRS: S2EDYRS: S3EDYRS: S4EDYRS: S5EDYRS: S6EDYRS: S7EDYRS: S8EDYRS: S9EDYRS:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

RAEDYRSF

RAEDYRSF: Flag R Yrs of Educ=HRS impute

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1EDYRSF S2EDYRSF S3EDYRSF S4EDYRSF S5EDYRSF S6EDYRSF S7EDYRSF S8EDYRSF S9EDYRSF

S1EDYRSF: S2EDYRSF: S3EDYRSF: S4EDYRSF: S5EDYRSF: S6EDYRSF: S7EDYRSF: S8EDYRSF: S9EDYRSF:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

S S S S S S S S S

of of of of of of of of of

Education Education Education Education Education Education Education Education Education

Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs

of of of of of of of of of

Educ=HRS Educ=HRS Educ=HRS Educ=HRS Educ=HRS Educ=HRS Educ=HRS Educ=HRS Educ=HRS

impute impute impute impute impute impute impute impute impute

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RAEDYRS

30434

11.914

3.462

0.000

17.000

S1EDYRS S2EDYRS S3EDYRS S4EDYRS S5EDYRS S6EDYRS S7EDYRS S8EDYRS S9EDYRS

10116 13420 12158 14303 12905 11737 13136 11872 10809

12.085 11.862 11.980 12.236 12.316 12.417 12.624 12.701 12.783

3.233 3.361 3.300 3.254 3.262 3.215 3.199 3.160 3.128

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000

RAEDYRSF

30548

0.034

0.549

0.000

9.000

S1EDYRSF S2EDYRSF S3EDYRSF S4EDYRSF S5EDYRSF S6EDYRSF S7EDYRSF S8EDYRSF S9EDYRSF

10279 13608 12269 14453 13007 11824 13307 12000 10953

0.143 0.124 0.082 0.093 0.071 0.066 0.116 0.096 0.118

1.124 1.051 0.852 0.912 0.794 0.769 1.014 0.925 1.025

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

122

Value-------------------------| RAEDYRS .D=DK | 8 .M=Oth missing | 72 .R=RF | 34 0.None | 297 1 | 103 2 | 152 3 | 378 4 | 323 5 | 369 6 | 693 7 | 624 8 | 1873 9 | 1178 10 | 1734 11 | 1539 12 | 9841 13 | 2017 14 | 2761 15 | 1026 16 | 2760 17.17+ yrs | 2766 Value-------------------------| S1EDYRS .D=DK | 3 .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 14 .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 146 0.None | 65 1 | 23 2 | 45 3 | 104 4 | 83 5 | 106 6 | 206 7 | 154 8 | 512 9 | 382 10 | 581 11 | 532 12 | 3641 13 | 652 14 | 903 15 | 316 16 | 878 17.17+ yrs | 933

S2EDYRS 3 8 27 5970 214 109 49 57 158 141 162 279 260 845 558 793 689 4685 836 1112 413 1114 1160

S3EDYRS 3 4 27 5658 141 91 38 48 130 111 139 249 207 719 478 688 618 4296 794 1052 375 1043 1082

S4EDYRS 3 20 25 6869 164 88 44 54 139 117 139 263 202 736 501 757 694 4925 987 1331 504 1408 1414

S5EDYRS 3 18 22 6538 93 83 32 48 120 107 127 223 188 628 451 649 620 4386 901 1190 456 1338 1358

S6EDYRS 3 21 20 6306 80 71 32 33 106 82 106 191 166 526 393 572 540 4033 819 1099 442 1246 1280

S7EDYRS 3 38 20 6777 155 73 32 44 118 76 99 235 162 483 388 577 552 4330 989 1340 532 1545 1561

S8EDYRS 3 39 21 6417 117 60 28 32 101 64 86 202 148 407 341 506 501 3901 913 1216 472 1423 1471

S9EDYRS 3 42 17 6206 140 51 26 28 85 62 71 174 120 340 297 448 433 3568 846 1108 435 1333 1384

Value-------------------------|RAEDYRSF 0.Not imputed | 30430 1.Used HRS impute | 4 9.Still missing | 114 Value-------------------------|S1EDYRSF S2EDYRSF S3EDYRSF S4EDYRSF S5EDYRSF S6EDYRSF S7EDYRSF S8EDYRSF S9EDYRSF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 64 64 62 34 37 45 52 58 0.Not imputed | 10113 13419 12156 14302 12904 11736 13135 11871 10808 1.Used HRS impute | 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 9.Still missing | 163 188 111 150 102 87 171 128 144

How Constructed: The years of education variable is assigned by looking at reports from all waves of data. The first non-missing values are used. The Wave 1 HRS imputation is used if no information is reported in any later wave. RAEDYRSF flags these cases. The spouse variables SwEDYRS and SwEDYRF are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RAEDYRS and RAEDYRF.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, years of education is imputed. It is not imputed in any other wave.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10207 V207 AHEAD 1993: B125 HRS 1994: W221 AHEAD 1995: D649 HRS 1996: E649 HRS 1998: F987 HRS 2000: G1074 HRS 2002: HB014 HRS 2004: JB014 HRS 2006: KB014 HRS 2008: LB014

V207 EDUCATION IMP :IND A3:HIGHEST EDUCATION:IMP A3. R'S EDUCATION A13. Highest Education A3. R EDUCATION A3.R EDUCATION A3.R EDUCATION A3.R EDUCATION R HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION R HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION R HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION R HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION

123

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

124

Education: Degrees,Diplomas Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAEDEGRM

RAEDEGRM: R Highest Degree - masked

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1EDEGRM S2EDEGRM S3EDEGRM S4EDEGRM S5EDEGRM S6EDEGRM S7EDEGRM S8EDEGRM S9EDEGRM

S1EDEGRM: S2EDEGRM: S3EDEGRM: S4EDEGRM: S5EDEGRM: S6EDEGRM: S7EDEGRM: S8EDEGRM: S9EDEGRM:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

RAEDEGRF

RAEDEGRF: Flag R High Degree used Yrs Ed

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1EDEGRF S2EDEGRF S3EDEGRF S4EDEGRF S5EDEGRF S6EDEGRF S7EDEGRF S8EDEGRF S9EDEGRF

S1EDEGRF: S2EDEGRF: S3EDEGRF: S4EDEGRF: S5EDEGRF: S6EDEGRF: S7EDEGRF: S8EDEGRF: S9EDEGRF:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Highest Highest Highest Highest Highest Highest Highest Highest Highest

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

S S S S S S S S S

Degree Degree Degree Degree Degree Degree Degree Degree Degree

High High High High High High High High High

-

Degree Degree Degree Degree Degree Degree Degree Degree Degree

masked masked masked masked masked masked masked masked masked

used used used used used used used used used

Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs Yrs

Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

RAEDEGRM

30502

2.242

1.937

0.000

8.000

S1EDEGRM S2EDEGRM S3EDEGRM S4EDEGRM S5EDEGRM S6EDEGRM S7EDEGRM S8EDEGRM S9EDEGRM

10119 13428 12165 14322 12926 11760 13176 11912 10852

2.279 2.166 2.227 2.391 2.446 2.505 2.654 2.696 2.747

1.875 1.880 1.882 1.917 1.937 1.936 1.957 1.964 1.962

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

RAEDEGRF

30534

0.019

0.357

0.000

9.000

S1EDEGRF S2EDEGRF S3EDEGRF S4EDEGRF S5EDEGRF S6EDEGRF S7EDEGRF S8EDEGRF S9EDEGRF

10279 13601 12265 14449 13005 11822 13306 11999 10952

0.151 0.127 0.084 0.088 0.063 0.055 0.094 0.071 0.089

1.118 1.031 0.829 0.856 0.712 0.664 0.891 0.771 0.863

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

125

Value-------------------------|RAEDEGRM .D=DK | 2 .M=Oth missing | 11 .R=RF | 33 0. No degree | 8742 1. GED | 1314 2. HS | 9067 3. HS/GED | 4919 4. AA/ Lt BA | 1103 5. BA | 3119 6. MA/MBA | 1584 7. Law/MD/PhD | 575 8.Other | 79 Value-------------------------|S1EDEGRM S2EDEGRM S3EDEGRM S4EDEGRM S5EDEGRM S6EDEGRM S7EDEGRM S8EDEGRM S9EDEGRM .D=DK | 2 1 .M=Oth missing | 7 4 2 3 2 3 3 .R=RF | 14 27 27 25 21 19 19 20 16 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 144 209 141 164 92 79 155 117 140 0. No degree | 2558 3858 3299 3459 3024 2578 2585 2257 1941 1. GED | 531 592 549 651 601 557 604 553 509 2. HS | 3319 4319 3949 4546 4034 3720 3992 3582 3266 3. HS/GED | 1612 2097 1961 2398 2167 1992 2363 2141 1976 4. AA/ Lt BA | 361 401 372 527 477 446 585 534 486 5. BA | 1024 1260 1191 1600 1525 1426 1758 1633 1531 6. MA/MBA | 507 648 599 809 783 735 907 858 810 7. Law/MD/PhD | 204 248 239 315 300 291 331 302 282 8.Other | 3 5 6 17 15 15 51 52 51 Value-------------------------|RAEDEGRF .M=Oth missing | 14 0.Not filled | 30317 1.Filled from Edyrs | 171 9.Still missing | 46 Value-------------------------|S1EDEGRF S2EDEGRF S3EDEGRF S4EDEGRF S5EDEGRF S6EDEGRF S7EDEGRF S8EDEGRF S9EDEGRF .M=Oth missing | 7 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 64 64 62 34 37 45 52 58 0.Not filled | 10008 13314 12066 14225 12839 11688 13107 11848 10790 1.Filled from Edyrs | 111 107 95 93 85 70 68 63 61 9.Still missing | 160 180 104 131 81 64 131 88 101

How Constructed: The highest degree is assigned by looking at reports from all waves of data. The first non-missing value is used. If R reports 12 or fewer years of school, he/she is asked about a HS degree only. If R reports 13 or more years of school, he/she is asked about college degrees only, and if he/she doesn't have any, the assumption is completion of HS, but the data do not distinguish a diploma from a GED. The detail of the higher-level degrees varies across waves. RwEDEGRM is recoded to categories that are consistently available across waves. For degrees higher than BA, there are 2 categories: MA/MBA and MD/Law/PhD through Wave 7. In Wave 8, MD/Law/PhD are included in the "other" category, so cannot be identified separately. If a respondent first responds in Wave 8, then MD/Law/PhD degrees will be coded as "other". This affects 7 cases. Overlapping categories occur for high school degrees where the information is sometimes incomplete, i.e., 1=GED, 2=HS and 3=HS or GED. This variable combines the HS degree, any college degree, and highest degree. If it is missing from all waves, RAEDYRS is used to assign degree: 0-11=no degree; 12,13=HS/GED; 14,15=AA; 16,17=BA. RAEDEGRF indicates if RAEDEGR was filled this way.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

126

The spouse variables SwEDEGRM and SwEDEGRF are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RADEGRM and RADEGRF variables.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The categories for higher level degrees (beyond BA) vary across waves. In Waves 1 and 2H, MA and MBA are coded separately. For Wave 2A, higher level degrees are indicated by two categories: "Advanced degree/non-professional" and "Advanced degree/professional". From Wave 3 forward, the MA and MBA categories were collapsed. In Waves 1, 2, 3H, 4 and 5 Law/MD and PhD are 2 separate categories. In Waves 3A, 6, and 7, these are collapsed into one category, Law/MD/PhD. From wave 8 and forward, Law/MD and PhD are not identifiable; they are included in the "other" category. The wording for degrees less than BA changes across waves. In Waves 1 and 2H it is "Associates". In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, it is "less than Bachelors".

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10207 V207 V208 V210 V211 AHEAD 1993: B125 B126 B128 DEGREE HRS 1994: W221 W222 W224 W225 AHEAD 1995: D649 D650 D651 D652M HRS 1996: E649 E650 E651 E652M HRS 1998: F987 F988 F989 F990M HRS 2000: G1074 G1075 G1076 G1077M HRS 2002: HB014 HB015 HB016 HB017M HRS 2004: JB014 JB015 JB016

V207 EDUCATION IMP :IND A3:HIGHEST EDUCATION:IMP A3A:HI SCHL DIPLOMA/GED A3C:COLLEGE DEGREE (Y/N) A3D:HIGHEST DEGREE A3. R'S EDUCATION A3a. R FINISH HIGH SCHOOL A3b. R FINISH COLLEGE HIGHEST DEGREE OF EDUCATION A13. Highest Education A13a. HS Diploma/GED A13c. College Degree A13d. Highest Degree A3. R A3A.R A3B.R A3C.R

EDUCATION HIGH SCHOOL COLLEGE HIGH DEGREE - MASKED

A3.R EDUCATION A3A.R HIGH SCHOOL A3B.R COLLEGE A3C.R HIGH DEGREE - MASKED A3.R EDUCATION A3A.R HIGH SCHOOL A3B.R COLLEGE A3C.R HIGH DEGREE - MASKED A3.R EDUCATION A3A.R HIGH SCHOOL A3B.R COLLEGE A3C.R HIGH DEGREE - MASKED R R R R

HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION EARN HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA/GED COLLEGE DEGREE HIGHEST DEGREE - MASKED

R HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION R EARN HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA/GED R COLLEGE DEGREE

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

JB017M HRS 2006: KB014 KB015 KB016 KB017M HRS 2008: LB014 LB015 LB016 LB017M

R HIGHEST DEGREE - MASKED R R R R

HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION EARN HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA/GED COLLEGE DEGREE HIGHEST DEGREE - MASKED

R R R R

HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION EARN HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA/GED COLLEGE DEGREE HIGHEST DEGREE - MASKED

127

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

128

Education: Categorical summary Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAEDUC

RAEDUC: R education (categ)

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1EDUC S2EDUC S3EDUC S4EDUC S5EDUC S6EDUC S7EDUC S8EDUC S9EDUC

S1EDUC: S2EDUC: S3EDUC: S4EDUC: S5EDUC: S6EDUC: S7EDUC: S8EDUC: S9EDUC:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

education education education education education education education education education

(categ) (categ) (categ) (categ) (categ) (categ) (categ) (categ) (categ)

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RAEDUC

30502

2.928

1.441

1.000

5.000

S1EDUC S2EDUC S3EDUC S4EDUC S5EDUC S6EDUC S7EDUC S8EDUC S9EDUC

10119 13428 12165 14322 12926 11760 13176 11912 10852

2.977 2.887 2.936 3.056 3.093 3.138 3.243 3.271 3.309

1.393 1.417 1.408 1.405 1.409 1.395 1.381 1.377 1.365

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 1. Lt High-school | 2. GED | 3. High-school graduate | 4. Some college | 5. College and above |

RAEDUC 2 11 33 8742 1314 9112 6056 5278

Value-------------------------| .D=DK | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1. Lt High-school | 2. GED | 3. High-school graduate | 4. Some college | 5. College and above |

S1EDUC 2 14 2373 144 2558 531 3346 1949 1735

S2EDUC 1 7 27 5970 209 3858 592 4348 2474 2156

S3EDUC

S4EDUC

S5EDUC

S6EDUC

S7EDUC

S8EDUC

S9EDUC

27 5658 141 3299 549 3974 2314 2029

4 25 6869 164 3459 651 4569 2919 2724

2 21 6538 92 3024 601 4055 2638 2608

3 19 6306 79 2578 557 3736 2437 2452

2 19 6777 155 2585 604 4009 2982 2996

3 20 6417 117 2257 553 3597 2712 2793

3 16 6206 140 1941 509 3284 2495 2623

How Constructed: Categorical education recodes the years of education, whether HS degree, and college degrees in a more general way than RAEDEGR. RAEDUC recodes dropouts, HS diplomas, and GED's directly from

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

129

RAEDEGR. If the respondent has a HS diploma or GED and years of education over 12, RAEDUC is set to "some college". RAEDUC is also set to "some college" if the degree is less than a BA or "other". If R has exactly 12 years of education but no college degree, then a HS diploma is assumed. If the college degree is a BA or greater, RAEDUC is set to "college and above". The spouse variable SwEDUC is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RAEDUC variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The categories for higher level degrees (beyond BA) vary across waves. In Waves 1 and 2H, MA and MBA are coded separately. For Wave 2A, higher level degrees are indicated by two categories: "Advanced degree/non-professional" and "Advanced degree/professional". From Wave 3 forward, the MA and MBA categories were collapsed. In Waves 1, 2, 3H, 4 and 5 Law/MD and PhD are 2 separate categories. For Wave 3A, 6 and 7, these are collapsed into one category, Law/MD/PhD. From wave 8 and forward, Law/MD and PhD are not identifiable; they are included in the "other" category. The wording for degrees less than BA changes across waves. In Waves 1 and 2h it is "Associates". For Wave 2A, and from Wave 3 forward, it is "less than Bachelors".

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

130

Training Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAEDTRN

RAEDTRN: R Training, 100+ hours

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1EDTRN S2EDTRN S3EDTRN S4EDTRN S5EDTRN S6EDTRN S7EDTRN S8EDTRN S9EDTRN

S1EDTRN: S2EDTRN: S3EDTRN: S4EDTRN: S5EDTRN: S6EDTRN: S7EDTRN: S8EDTRN: S9EDTRN:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Training, Training, Training, Training, Training, Training, Training, Training, Training,

100+ 100+ 100+ 100+ 100+ 100+ 100+ 100+ 100+

hours hours hours hours hours hours hours hours hours

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RAEDTRN

12451

0.978

0.869

0.000

2.000

S1EDTRN S2EDTRN S3EDTRN S4EDTRN S5EDTRN S6EDTRN S7EDTRN S8EDTRN S9EDTRN

9695 8743 8157 7618 7059 6580 6147 5598 5125

0.990 1.005 1.014 1.023 1.032 1.040 1.047 1.062 1.075

0.869 0.869 0.871 0.871 0.873 0.871 0.873 0.874 0.873

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| RAEDTRN .D=DK | 11 .M=Oth missing | 18086 0.No | 4842 1.Yes | 3042 2.Gt 12 yrs | 4567 Value-------------------------| S1EDTRN .D=DK | 10 .M=Oth missing | 202 .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 372 0.No | 3711 1.Yes | 2367 2.Gt 12 yrs | 3617

S2EDTRN 9 4453 5970 467 3278 2143 3322

S3EDTRN 10 3879 5658 287 3036 1969 3152

S4EDTRN 6 6491 6869 400 2808 1830 2980

S5EDTRN 5 5752 6538 225 2579 1676 2804

S6EDTRN 5 5121 6306 155 2372 1573 2635

S7EDTRN 4 6897 6777 304 2203 1450 2494

S8EDTRN 4 6218 6417 232 1973 1304 2321

S9EDTRN 4 5608 6206 274 1777 1189 2159

How Constructed: The question asks if R has received 100+ hours of vocational or employer-provided training. asked in waves 1 and 2H of those reporting 0-12 years of education.

It is

The variable is derived by looking at waves 1 and 2H, and using the first non-missing data. of 2 is assigned if R was not asked because he/she reported 13+ years of education.

A code

The spouse variable SwEDTRN is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RAEDTRN variable.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

131

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The question is only asked in Waves 1 and 2H.

The question text is:

Since completing your formal education, have you had any training at work or other vocational training lasting 100 hours or more? It is only asked of respondents who reported 12 or fewer years of education.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10207 V207 V209 HRS 1994: W221 W223

V207 EDUCATION IMP :IND A3:HIGHEST EDUCATION:IMP A3B:WRK/VOCATNL TRAINING A13. Highest Education A13b. Work/Vocational Train

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

132

Parents' Education: Mother’s Education Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAMEDUC

RAMEDUC: R Mothers Years Education

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MEDUC S2MEDUC S3MEDUC S4MEDUC S5MEDUC S6MEDUC S7MEDUC S8MEDUC S9MEDUC

S1MEDUC: S2MEDUC: S3MEDUC: S4MEDUC: S5MEDUC: S6MEDUC: S7MEDUC: S8MEDUC: S9MEDUC:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Mothers Mothers Mothers Mothers Mothers Mothers Mothers Mothers Mothers

Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years

Education Education Education Education Education Education Education Education Education

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RAMEDUC

26918

9.158

3.318

0.000

17.000

S1MEDUC S2MEDUC S3MEDUC S4MEDUC S5MEDUC S6MEDUC S7MEDUC S8MEDUC S9MEDUC

9213 12149 11064 12888 11675 10626 11960 10831 9918

9.277 8.912 8.974 9.265 9.338 9.432 9.697 9.782 9.847

3.608 3.064 3.120 3.329 3.401 3.444 3.579 3.590 3.618

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| RAMEDUC .D=DK | 3428 .M=Oth missing | 192 .R=RF | 10 0.None | 812 1 | 79 2 | 143 3 | 470 4 | 506 5 | 557 6 | 1358 7 | 665 7.5: lt 8 yrs | 3375 8 | 3521 8.5:8+ yrs | 3849 9 | 721 10 | 1262 11 | 725 12 | 6336 13 | 416 14 | 835 15 | 159 16 | 859 17.17+ yrs | 270 Value-------------------------| S1MEDUC .D=DK | 878

S2MEDUC 1182

S3MEDUC 1014

S4MEDUC 1341

S5MEDUC 1170

S6MEDUC 1058

S7MEDUC 1137

S8MEDUC 1010

S9MEDUC 865

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

.M=Oth missing .R=RF .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.None 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7.5: lt 8 yrs 8 8.5:8+ yrs 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17.17+ yrs

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

9 2373 179 327 35 63 207 267 274 726 341 35 1950 82 365 637 331 2602 156 344 55 317 99

133

97 1 5970 243 297 29 58 190 239 251 640 308 1700 1773 2202 329 560 299 2378 141 319 53 293 90

111 1 5658 143 281 28 56 176 214 230 596 283 1356 1652 1956 316 539 274 2232 132 314 54 285 90

116 4 6869 166 363 36 70 224 263 272 721 346 1018 2101 1580 384 670 366 3179 224 450 70 430 121

100 3 6538 93 341 35 67 215 251 251 683 316 743 1960 1212 354 628 352 3019 215 433 65 414 121

94 3 6306 80 316 34 65 190 226 226 624 292 543 1830 927 342 608 340 2863 202 418 62 396 122

98 2 6777 155 390 38 82 229 244 246 684 292 388 1898 731 387 678 395 3743 242 508 88 529 168

91 2 6417 118 348 33 76 214 222 213 617 263 272 1722 533 363 626 375 3514 235 472 83 496 154

82 2 6206 144 324 28 69 200 203 195 567 240 196 1584 381 335 580 350 3292 220 454 83 469 148

How Constructed: This variable is assigned by looking at all waves of data for the first non-missing values. In Wave 1 and from Wave 4 forward, a question asks for mother's years of education. Wave 2H does not ask the question at all. In Wave 3H, and in Waves 2A and 3A of the AHEAD sample, the question asks if she attended school for 8 or more years. Waves 1 or Waves 4 and after, are used first, if not missing. If only Wave 3H data are available, or for the AHEAD sample, Waves 2A and 3A, 7.5 yrs is assigned if less than 8 years, and 8.5 is assigned if 8 or more. The spouse variable SwMEDUC is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RAMEDUC variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1 the question is: "What is the highest grade of school your mother completed?". Answers are given in years of school, 0-17. In Wave 2H, the question is not asked at all. In Wave 3H, and for the AHEAD sample, Waves 2A and 3A, the question is: "Did your mother attend 8 years or more of school?" and the possible answers are yes and no. From Wave 4 forward, the question is similar to the Wave 1 wording: "And what is the highest grade of school your mother completed?", and answers can be 0-17.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V212 AHEAD 1993: B130 AHEAD 1995: D654 HRS 1996: E654 HRS 1998: F1001 HRS 2000: G1088

A4:MOTHER-HIGHEST GRADE A4. MOTHER IN SCHOOL 8/+ YEARS A4.MA EDUC A4.MOTHER EDUC A6.MA EDUC A6.MA EDUC

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

HRS 2002: HB027 HRS 2004: JB027 HRS 2006: KB027 HRS 2008: LB027

MOTHER EDUCATION- HIGHEST GRADE MOTHER EDUCATION- HIGHEST GRADE MOTHER EDUCATION- HIGHEST GRADE MOTHER EDUCATION- HIGHEST GRADE

134

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

135

Parents' Education: Father’s Education Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAFEDUC

RAFEDUC: R Fathers Years Education

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1FEDUC S2FEDUC S3FEDUC S4FEDUC S5FEDUC S6FEDUC S7FEDUC S8FEDUC S9FEDUC

S1FEDUC: S2FEDUC: S3FEDUC: S4FEDUC: S5FEDUC: S6FEDUC: S7FEDUC: S8FEDUC: S9FEDUC:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Fathers Fathers Fathers Fathers Fathers Fathers Fathers Fathers Fathers

Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years Years

Education Education Education Education Education Education Education Education Education

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RAFEDUC

25676

8.902

3.565

0.000

17.000

S1FEDUC S2FEDUC S3FEDUC S4FEDUC S5FEDUC S6FEDUC S7FEDUC S8FEDUC S9FEDUC

8948 11895 10821 12364 11197 10167 11359 10291 9406

8.981 8.687 8.752 8.960 9.020 9.126 9.404 9.494 9.560

3.955 3.313 3.365 3.630 3.705 3.749 3.912 3.912 3.932

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| RAFEDUC .D=DK | 3895 .M=Oth missing | 968 .R=RF | 9 0.None | 861 1 | 86 2 | 210 3 | 664 4 | 640 5 | 705 6 | 1447 7 | 644 7.5: lt 8 yrs | 3638 8 | 3466 8.5:8+ yrs | 3573 9 | 683 10 | 1078 11 | 510 12 | 4728 13 | 341 14 | 605 15 | 163 16 | 995 17.17+ yrs | 639 Value-------------------------| S1FEDUC .D=DK | 1132

S2FEDUC 1425

S3FEDUC 1244

S4FEDUC 1565

S5FEDUC 1375

S6FEDUC 1250

S7FEDUC 1350

S8FEDUC 1197

S9FEDUC 1043

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

.M=Oth missing .R=RF .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.None 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7.5: lt 8 yrs 8 8.5:8+ yrs 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17.17+ yrs

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

136

11

99

116

2373 188 387 45 98 307 325 357 765 327 34 1898 75 350 553 246 2117 108 256 70 379 251

5970 253 357 40 85 273 296 317 678 291 1866 1735 2017 316 494 226 1922 107 239 66 345 225

5658 152 313 37 79 258 288 297 640 267 1516 1611 1772 302 470 210 1809 105 225 60 331 231

401 3 6869 182 417 39 108 344 341 371 786 330 1155 2045 1410 373 582 267 2427 162 326 92 462 327

370 3 6538 96 391 44 95 323 326 352 737 305 833 1909 1105 348 559 254 2308 157 317 90 426 318

354 3 6306 87 346 39 80 290 308 326 689 280 626 1794 828 335 526 231 2193 152 317 87 417 303

474 5 6777 164 401 49 106 335 321 350 762 308 458 1921 643 373 600 273 2774 219 362 99 607 398

439 5 6417 120 353 42 93 303 296 305 685 274 335 1792 462 333 549 265 2642 206 347 97 546 366

406 4 6206 152 317 42 82 277 272 290 631 245 245 1640 331 314 517 248 2492 192 316 95 518 342

How Constructed: This variable is assigned by looking at all waves of data for the first non-missing values. In Wave 1 and from Wave 4 forward, a question asks for father's years of education. Wave 2H does not ask the question at all. In Wave 3H, and in Waves 2A and 3A of the AHEAD sample, the question asks if he attended school for 8 or more years. Waves 1 or Waves 4 and after, are used first, if not missing. If only Wave 3H data are available, or for the AHEAD sample, Waves 2A and 3A, 7.5 yrs is assigned if less than 8 years, and 8.5 is assigned if 8 or more. The spouse variable SwFEDUC is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RAFEDUC variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1 the question is: "What is the highest grade of school your father completed?". Answers are given in years of school, 0-17. In Wave 2H, the question is not asked at all. In Wave 3H, and for the AHEAD sample, Waves 2A and 3A, the question is: "Did your father attend 8 years or more of school?" and the possible answers are yes and no. From Wave 4 forward, the question is similar to the Wave 1 wording: "And what is the highest grade of school your father completed?", and answers can be 0-17.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V213 AHEAD 1993: B131 AHEAD 1995: D655 HRS 1996: E655 HRS 1998: F1000 HRS 2000: G1087

A5:FATHER-HIGHEST GRADE A5. FATHER IN SCHOOL 8/+ YEARS A5.PA EDUC A5.FATHER EDUC A5.PA EDUC A5.PA EDUC

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

HRS 2002: HB026 HRS 2004: JB026 HRS 2006: KB026 HRS 2008: LB026

FATHER EDUCATION- HIGHEST GRADE FATHER EDUCATION- HIGHEST GRADE FATHER EDUCATION- HIGHEST GRADE FATHER EDUCATION- HIGHEST GRADE

137

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

138

Current Marital Status: With partnership Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MSTAT R2MSTAT R3MSTAT R4MSTAT R5MSTAT R6MSTAT R7MSTAT R8MSTAT R9MSTAT

R1MSTAT:W1 R2MSTAT:W2 R3MSTAT:W3 R4MSTAT:W4 R5MSTAT:W5 R6MSTAT:W6 R7MSTAT:W7 R8MSTAT:W8 R9MSTAT:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Marital Marital Marital Marital Marital Marital Marital Marital Marital

Status Status Status Status Status Status Status Status Status

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MSTAT S2MSTAT S3MSTAT S4MSTAT S5MSTAT S6MSTAT S7MSTAT S8MSTAT S9MSTAT

S1MSTAT:W1 S2MSTAT:W2 S3MSTAT:W3 S4MSTAT:W4 S5MSTAT:W5 S6MSTAT:W6 S7MSTAT:W7 S8MSTAT:W8 S9MSTAT:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Marital Marital Marital Marital Marital Marital Marital Marital Marital

Status Status Status Status Status Status Status Status Status

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MSTAT R2MSTAT R3MSTAT R4MSTAT R5MSTAT R6MSTAT R7MSTAT R8MSTAT R9MSTAT

12652 19642 17941 21360 19559 18152 20114 18467 17215

1.975 2.745 2.869 2.803 2.882 2.954 2.889 2.955 3.026

1.983 2.610 2.696 2.597 2.628 2.654 2.607 2.629 2.648

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

S1MSTAT S2MSTAT S3MSTAT S4MSTAT S5MSTAT S6MSTAT S7MSTAT S8MSTAT S9MSTAT

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.078 1.066 1.063 1.078 1.084 1.085 1.104 1.108 1.113

0.382 0.413 0.346 0.375 0.387 0.389 0.430 0.441 0.461

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 8.000 6.000 3.000 3.000 5.000 5.000 7.000 8.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1MSTAT .M=Oth missing | 1. Married | 9837 2. Married, spouse absent | 57 3. Partnered | 385 4. Separated | 310 5. Divorced | 1080 6. Separated/Divorced |

R2MSTAT 13148 117 359 278 1005 402

R3MSTAT 50 11792 155 380

1537

R4MSTAT 24 13820 144 551 331 1707 4

R5MSTAT 20 12368 153 520 282 1598 1

R6MSTAT 15 11245 166 450 259 1523 1

R7MSTAT 15 12515 187 650 323 1859

R8MSTAT 2 11273 161 618 277 1741 8

R9MSTAT 2 10273 140 598 277 1682 6

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

7. Widowed 8. Never Married

| |

139

621 362

3764 569

3603 474

4199 604

4094 543

4030 478

3949 631

3843 546

3726 513

Value-------------------------| S1MSTAT .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. Married | 9492 2. Married, spouse absent | 42 3. Partnered | 366 4. Separated | 5. Divorced | 6. Separated/Divorced | 7. Widowed | 8. Never Married |

S2MSTAT 5970 584 12701 22 321 18 11

S3MSTAT 5658 418 11484 124 301

S4MSTAT 6869 537 13373 124 481

S5MSTAT 6538 311 12124 141 465

S6MSTAT 6306 220 11077 152 405 6 1

S7MSTAT 6777 380 12219 168 581 3 1

S8MSTAT 6417 317 11027 152 553 2

S9MSTAT 6206 365 9993 123 524 2

1

3 1

6 7 8

How Constructed: This variable is created using current marital status reported for each wave. For Wave 3A of AHEAD, and from Wave 4 forward, a cleaned version of marital status is used, which fills missing marital status using cover sheet data and marital events reported between interviews. The codes for separation and divorce are combined in Waves 2A, 3A, and 3H; a separate category is used for this ambiguous state. For all waves, RwMSTAT combines "Married, spouse absent" as one category, rather than separating spouse in institution vs. not. HRS wave 1 imputations are not used at all. From wave 7 and forward, some cases report a marital status of annulled, which is treated the same as never married. The RwMSTAT variables code partnerships, which override the actual marital status that is available for most cases only from Wave 4 forward. Some cases report an unmarried status but have a partner in the same household, particularly in Wave 2. RwMSTAT retains the reported unmarried status. RwMPART indicates the presence of a partner regardless of the RwMSTAT code. Please see RwMPART description for details. The RwMSTATH variables do not code partnerships, and actual marital status replaces the partnership code if it can be determined. Please see the description of RwMSTATH variables for details. The spouse variable SwMSTAT is taken from the spouse's data for Wave w. It is set to .U if R is unmarried or unpartnered or .V if R's spouse or partner did not respond in a given wave. There are four individuals where discrepancies in reported marital status and partnership were found. These are resolved, and RwMSTAT and RwMPART are set based on examination of all available data for the individuals and their spouse/partners from all waves.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The asking and coding of marital status differs from wave to wave. In Waves 1 and 2H respondents are specifically asked their marital status as married, partnered, separated, divorced, widowed or never married. The marital status in the public use data also includes a "Married, spouse absent" status that is split between those whose spouse is in a nursing home and whose spouse is not institutionalized. In Wave 2A, a single item is used to assess marital status. Response categories include married (spouse present), married (spouse absent), living with someone, separated/divorced, widowed, and never married. The separated and divorced categories are not coded separately. In Wave 3H, the respondent is not asked marital status; it is derived from preloaded marital status and a series of questions in the Cover Sheet section. There is a "corrected" marital status included in the Wave 3H public use data. In addition, the separated and divorced statuses are not coded separately. In Waves 1, 2, and 3H, partnership overrides any other marital status. Marital status in Wave 3A is also derived using questions from the Cover Sheet section. The separated and divorced statuses are in a single category, and partnership overrides any other marital status.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

140

Beginning in Wave 4, all partnered and unmarried single respondents are asked marital status. Through Wave 6, the status must be an unmarried status, treating separated as an unmarried category apart from divorced. Beginning in Wave 7, both married and annulled may be coded, in addition to the unmarried statuses allowed in prior waves. Marital status in the raw data is set to married or separated for respondents determined to have these statuses from Cover Sheet section questions. There is no distinction made between spouse present and spouse absent in the raw marital status variable, but this information is available from other questions in the Cover Sheet section. The Cover Sheet Section sequence of questions that lead to a marital status and determination of "coupleness", are included in the data starting in Wave 3. These questions are examined to help set the cleaned marital status used to derive RwMSTAT. Respondents who have an unmarried to married transition between interviews, or vice versa, are asked about marriages and ends of marriages (divorce or widowhood) that may have occurred between interviews at all waves after the initial interview in which a respondent appears. From Wave 4 forward, some partners appear to have married based on these reported marital transitions. These cases often report "other" in response to the question about specific unmarried status; note that "married" is not allowed in response to this question in Waves 4 to 6. Cases with both a reported marital event and a report of "other" marital status are set to married in the cleaned versions of marital status used in deriving RwMSTAT.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10225 V225 AHEAD 1993: B150 HRS 1994: W200 AHEAD 1995: D226 D227 D230 D231 D233 D234 D240 D241 D246 DMSTATR HRS 1996: E256A HRS 1998: F1059 F1066 F1070 F1071 F461 F462 F475 F502 F504 F507 F508 F517 F521 F524 F528 F529 F546 FMARSTP

A10:CURRENT MAR STAT:IND A10:CURRENT MARR STA:IMP A11. R'S MARITAL STATUS A1. Marital Status CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS7.W1 COUPLE NEW SP CS8.W1 COUPLE PARTNER CS9.W1 ONLY NEW SP CS10.W1 ONLY NEW PARTNER CS11.R-WHERE LIVE CS12.COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER CS13.SP/P WHERE LIVE HRS 95: Marital Status (w/ partnered) MARRIAGE STATUS - CORRECTED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A43.MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED A43A.MARITAL STATUS, ASSIGNED PRELOAD COHORT PRELOAD MARITAL STATUS WHICH IW 1ST R/2ND R CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS7.1ST R MARRIED CS8.COUPLE PARTNER CS11.R IN NURSING HOME CS12.COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER CS14.SP/P WHERE LIVE CS15A.MARRIED OR SEPARATED CS15B.SEPARATED:PARTNERED? CS15D.CURRENT COUPLENESS HRS 98: Marital Status (w/ partnered)

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

HRS 2000: G1146 G1153 G1157 G1158 G482 G483 G506 G543 G545 G548 G549 G558 G562 G565 G569 G570 G597 GMARSTP HRS 2002: HA020 HA023 HA026 HA027 HA028 HA030 HA033 HA034 HA035 HB055 HB058 HB061 HMARITAL HMARSTP HX065_R HZ023 HRS 2004: JA020 JA023 JA026 JA027 JA028 JA030 JA033 JA034 JA035 JB055 JB058 JB061 JB063 JX065_R JZ023 HHID JSUBHH HRS 2006: KA020 KA023 KA026 KA027 KA028 KA030 KA033 KA034

A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A43.MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED A43A.MARITAL STATUS_ASSIGNED CS0Y9.PRELOAD ENTRY COHORT CS0Y9A.PRELOAD MARITAL STATUS CS0Y21.WHICH IW 1ST R/2ND R CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS7.1ST R MARRIED CS8.COUPLE PARTNER CS11.R IN NURSING HOME CS12.COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER CS14.SP/P WHERE LIVE CS15A.MARRIED OR SEPARATED CS15B.SEPARATED:PARTNERED? CS15D.CURRENT COUPLENESS HRS 00: Marital Status (w/ partnered) 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE R MARRIED LIVING W/P R IN NURSING HOME COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SP/P IN NURSHOME MARRIED OR SEPARATED SEPARATED/PARTNERED NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED MARITAL STATUS HRS 02: Marital Status (w/ partnered) COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED WHICH COHORT 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE R MARRIED LIVING W/P R IN NURSING HOME COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SP/P IN NURSHOME MARRIED OR SEPARATED SEPARATED/PARTNERED NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED MARITAL STATUS ASSIGNED COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED WHICH COHORT HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE R MARRIED LIVING W/P R IN NURSING HOME COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SP/P IN NURSHOME MARRIED OR SEPARATED

141

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

KA035 KB055 KB058 KB061 KB063 KX065_R KZ023 HHID KSUBHH HRS 2008: LA020 LA023 LA026 LA027 LA028 LA030 LA033 LA034 LA035 LB055 LB058 LB061 LB063 LX065_R LZ023 HHID LSUBHH Tracker: ASUBHH BSUBHH CSUBHH DSUBHH ESUBHH FSUBHH GSUBHH HHID HSUBHH JSUBHH KSUBHH LSUBHH

SEPARATED/PARTNERED NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED MARITAL STATUS ASSIGNED COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED WHICH COHORT HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE R MARRIED LIVING W/P R IN NURSING HOME COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SP/P IN NURSHOME MARRIED OR SEPARATED SEPARATED/PARTNERED NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED MARITAL STATUS ASSIGNED COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED PREV WAVE WHICH COHORT HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER 1992 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1993 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1994 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1995 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1996 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1998 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2000 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER

142

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

143

Current Marital Status: Current Partnership Status Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MPART R2MPART R3MPART R4MPART R5MPART R6MPART R7MPART R8MPART R9MPART

R1MPART:W1 R2MPART:W2 R3MPART:W3 R4MPART:W4 R5MPART:W5 R6MPART:W6 R7MPART:W7 R8MPART:W8 R9MPART:W9

R R R R R R R R R

partnered partnered partnered partnered partnered partnered partnered partnered partnered

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MPART S2MPART S3MPART S4MPART S5MPART S6MPART S7MPART S8MPART S9MPART

S1MPART:W1 S2MPART:W2 S3MPART:W3 S4MPART:W4 S5MPART:W5 S6MPART:W6 S7MPART:W7 S8MPART:W8 S9MPART:W9

S S S S S S S S S

partnered partnered partnered partnered partnered partnered partnered partnered partnered

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MPART R2MPART R3MPART R4MPART R5MPART R6MPART R7MPART R8MPART R9MPART

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.030 0.021 0.021 0.026 0.027 0.025 0.032 0.033 0.035

0.172 0.143 0.145 0.158 0.161 0.155 0.177 0.180 0.183

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1MPART S2MPART S3MPART S4MPART S5MPART S6MPART S7MPART S8MPART S9MPART

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.037 0.028 0.026 0.034 0.037 0.035 0.045 0.047 0.049

0.189 0.165 0.158 0.182 0.188 0.183 0.207 0.212 0.216

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1MPART 0.no | 12267 1.yes | 385

R2MPART 19234 408

R3MPART 17605 386

R4MPART 20833 551

R5MPART 19059 520

R6MPART 17717 450

R7MPART 19479 650

R8MPART 17851 618

R9MPART 16619 598

Value-------------------------| S1MPART .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.no | 9534

S2MPART 5970 584 12723

S3MPART 5658 418 11608

S4MPART 6869 537 13497

S5MPART 6538 311 12265

S6MPART 6306 220 11236

S7MPART 6777 380 12391

S8MPART 6417 317 11182

S9MPART 6206 365 10122

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

1.yes

|

366

144

365

307

481

465

405

581

553

524

How Constructed: Marital status RwMSTAT indicates partnership, that is, living with a partner who is not R's spouse. In addition some cases report an unmarried status but have a partner in the same household. Another living individual with the same HHID and sub-household ID on the Tracker file or in the core data indicates the presence of a partner when R gives an unmarried status. From Wave 4 forward, the "coupleness" code in the Cover Sheet section can also indicate a partnership. RwMPART indicates the presence of a partner regardless of the RwMSTAT code. The spouse variable SwMPART is taken from the spouse's data for Wave w. In some cases, the spouse and respondent disagree as to whether they are married or partnered, so RwMPART and SwMPART are not always the same in a given wave. SwMPART is set to .U if R is unmarried and unpartnered or .V if R's spouse or partner did not respond in a given wave.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Partnership is indicated by a marital status code in Waves 1 to 3H. indicated by a separate Cover Sheet section variable.

From Wave 4 forward, it is

Partnership can also be indicated by a non-married status when the household is a couple rather than single in any wave. Beginning with Tracker 2002.V2 the surviving spouse sometimes retains the spouse PN of the deceased respondent. In previous versions of Tracker this was not the case.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10225 V225 AHEAD 1993: B150 HRS 1994: W200 AHEAD 1995: DMSTATR HRS 1996: E256A HRS 1998: F1071 F546 FMARSTP HRS 2000: G1158 G597 GMARSTP HRS 2002: HMARITAL HMARSTP HPN_SP HX065_R HSUBHH HRS 2004: JPN_SP JX065_R JSUBHH HRS 2006: KPN_SP KX065_R KSUBHH

A10:CURRENT MAR STAT:IND A10:CURRENT MARR STA:IMP A11. R'S MARITAL STATUS A1. Marital Status HRS 95: Marital Status (w/ partnered) MARRIAGE STATUS - CORRECTED A43A.MARITAL STATUS, ASSIGNED CS15D.CURRENT COUPLENESS HRS 98: Marital Status (w/ partnered) A43A.MARITAL STATUS_ASSIGNED CS15D.CURRENT COUPLENESS HRS 00: Marital Status (w/ partnered) MARITAL STATUS HRS 02: Marital Status (w/ partnered) 2002 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED 2002 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2004 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2006 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

HRS 2008: LPN_SP LX065_R LSUBHH Tracker: APPN ASUBHH BPPN BSUBHH CALIVE CPPN CSUBHH DALIVE DPPN DSUBHH EALIVE EPPN ESUBHH FALIVE FPPN FSUBHH GALIVE GPPN GSUBHH HALIVE HHID HPPN HSUBHH JALIVE JPPN JSUBHH KALIVE KPPN KSUBHH LALIVE LPPN LSUBHH

2008 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER 1992 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 1992 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1993 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 1993 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1994 VITAL STATUS 1994 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 1994 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1995 VITAL STATUS 1995 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 1995 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1996 VITAL STATUS 1996 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 1996 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1998 VITAL STATUS 1998 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 1998 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2000 VITAL STATUS 2000 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2000 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 VITAL STATUS HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2002 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2004 VITAL STATUS 2004 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2006 VITAL STATUS 2006 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2008 VITAL STATUS 2008 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER

145

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

146

Current Marital Status: Without partnership Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MSTATH R2MSTATH R3MSTATH R4MSTATH R5MSTATH R6MSTATH R7MSTATH R8MSTATH R9MSTATH

R1MSTATH:W1 R2MSTATH:W2 R3MSTATH:W3 R4MSTATH:W4 R5MSTATH:W5 R6MSTATH:W6 R7MSTATH:W7 R8MSTATH:W8 R9MSTATH:W9

R R R R R R R R R

MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o

part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MSTATH S2MSTATH S3MSTATH S4MSTATH S5MSTATH S6MSTATH S7MSTATH S8MSTATH S9MSTATH

S1MSTATH:W1 S2MSTATH:W2 S3MSTATH:W3 S4MSTATH:W4 S5MSTATH:W5 S6MSTATH:W6 S7MSTATH:W7 S8MSTATH:W8 S9MSTATH:W9

S S S S S S S S S

MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o MarStat-w/o

part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled part,filled

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MSTATF R2MSTATF R3MSTATF R4MSTATF R5MSTATF R6MSTATF R7MSTATF R8MSTATF R9MSTATF

R1MSTATF:W1 R2MSTATF:W2 R3MSTATF:W3 R4MSTATF:W4 R5MSTATF:W5 R6MSTATF:W6 R7MSTATF:W7 R8MSTATF:W8 R9MSTATF:W9

R R R R R R R R R

MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag

diff diff diff diff diff diff diff diff diff

w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MSTATF S2MSTATF S3MSTATF S4MSTATF S5MSTATF S6MSTATF S7MSTATF S8MSTATF S9MSTATF

S1MSTATF:W1 S2MSTATF:W2 S3MSTATF:W3 S4MSTATF:W4 S5MSTATF:W5 S6MSTATF:W6 S7MSTATF:W7 S8MSTATF:W8 S9MSTATF:W9

S S S S S S S S S

MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag MStatH-Flag

diff diff diff diff diff diff diff diff diff

w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist w/marhist

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

R1MSTATH R2MSTATH R3MSTATH R4MSTATH R5MSTATH R6MSTATH R7MSTATH R8MSTATH

12652 19642 17990 21380 19579 18167 20123 18469

Mean 2.085 2.788 2.837 2.878 2.958 3.027 2.984 3.053

Std Dev 2.158 2.650 2.648 2.651 2.678 2.700 2.670 2.692

Minimum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Maximum 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

147

R9MSTATH

17217

3.125

2.709

1.000

8.000

S1MSTATH S2MSTATH S3MSTATH S4MSTATH S5MSTATH S6MSTATH S7MSTATH S8MSTATH S9MSTATH

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.213 1.152 1.133 1.176 1.188 1.186 1.233 1.246 1.253

1.127 0.942 0.795 0.925 0.944 0.935 1.052 1.086 1.096

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

R1MSTATF R2MSTATF R3MSTATF R4MSTATF R5MSTATF R6MSTATF R7MSTATF R8MSTATF R9MSTATF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.000 0.026 0.006 0.042 0.065 0.080 0.062 0.063 0.067

0.000 0.328 0.136 0.431 0.534 0.594 0.524 0.522 0.537

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S1MSTATF S2MSTATF S3MSTATF S4MSTATF S5MSTATF S6MSTATF S7MSTATF S8MSTATF S9MSTATF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001

0.000 0.041 0.000 0.027 0.042 0.041 0.029 0.026 0.024

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 3.000 0.000 2.000 2.000 3.000 2.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1MSTATH R2MSTATH R3MSTATH R4MSTATH R5MSTATH R6MSTATH R7MSTATH R8MSTATH R9MSTATH .M=Oth missing | 1 4 6 1.Married | 9837 13148 11792 13820 12368 11245 12515 11273 10273 2.Married,sp abs | 57 117 155 144 153 166 187 161 140 4.Separated | 359 433 366 390 331 289 356 313 317 5.Divorced | 1217 1321 1376 2008 1900 1776 2232 2082 2012 6.Sep/Div | 111 70 1 7.Widowed | 649 3806 3681 4317 4203 4155 4096 3996 3877 8.Never married | 428 627 537 691 619 536 737 644 598 9.Unknown unmar | 105 79 13 9 5 Value-------------------------|S1MSTATH S2MSTATH S3MSTATH S4MSTATH S5MSTATH S6MSTATH S7MSTATH S8MSTATH S9MSTATH .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1.Married | 9492 12701 11484 13373 12124 11077 12219 11027 9993 2.Married,sp abs | 42 22 124 124 141 152 168 152 123 4.Separated | 45 70 61 43 38 25 32 30 37 5.Divorced | 131 113 135 253 254 220 327 299 286 6.Sep/Div | 1 7.Widowed | 26 44 55 104 100 116 130 137 132 8.Never married | 63 62 44 73 68 51 96 90 75 9.Unknown unmar | 101 75 12 8 5 Value-------------------------|R1MSTATF R2MSTATF R3MSTATF R4MSTATF R5MSTATF R6MSTATF R7MSTATF R8MSTATF R9MSTATF 0.No discrepancy | 12652 19497 17943 21150 19239 17801 19799 18150 16900 1.MS=nev,marhis=evmar | 29 23 33 52 41 49 52 55 2.MS=evmar,marhis=nev | 20 15 36 43 43 39 40 34 3.MS=sep,marhis=wid/div | 24 18 43 46 41 49 53 5.Othr dif unmarried MS | 72 10 147 202 236 201 178 175 Value-------------------------|S1MSTATF S2MSTATF S3MSTATF S4MSTATF S5MSTATF S6MSTATF S7MSTATF S8MSTATF S9MSTATF

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

.U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.No discrepancy 1.MS=nev,marhis=evmar 2.MS=evmar,marhis=nev 3.MS=sep,marhis=wid/div

| | | | | |

2373 379 9900

148

5970 584 13085

5658 418 11915

1 2

6869 537 13974 2 2

6538 311 12719 7 4

6306 220 11632 7 1 1

6777 380 12964 7 1

6417 317 11727 8

6206 365 10640 6

How Constructed: This variable is created using current marital status reported for each wave. For Wave 3A, and from Wave 4 forward, a cleaned version of marital status is used, which fills missing marital status using cover sheet data and marital events reported between interviews. The RwMSTAT variables code partnerships, which override actual marital status. Before Wave 4, partnered couples were not asked for their unmarried status. Beginning in Wave 4, those not living with another and those living as unmarried partners were asked for their ummarried status. Please see the description of RwMSTAT and RwMPART variables for details. The RwMSTATH variables are derived from RwMSTAT but do not code partnerships, and actual marital status replaces the partnership code if it can be determined. For instance, because partners were specifically asked actual marital status from Waves 4 forward, many partner marital statuses can be carried back to prior waves if no intervening marital events have occurred. Marital events can also indicate marital status of a partnered respondent, e.g., a number of partners report a widowhood or divorce, followed closely by a marriage to the partner. When the actual marital status cannot be determined RwMSTATH is set to an unknown unmarried status (=9). Marital status for partners can sometimes also be determined at their first interview from retrospective marriage history information. From wave 7 and forward, some cases report a marital status of annulled, which is treated the same as never married. The codes for separation and divorce are combined in Waves 2A, 3A, and 3H; a separate category is used for this ambiguous state. Information from previous and subsequent wave marital status, marital events reported, marital history, and spouse marital status are used to distinguish between separation and divorce in these waves when possible. For all waves, this variable combines "Married, spouse absent" as one category, rather than separating spouse in institution vs not. HRS wave 1 imputations are not used at all. The RwMSTATF variables compare RwMSTATH with marital status reported in other waves and those derived from marital history. For instance, some cases switch between unmarried statuses across waves, e.g., from divorced to never married. RwMSTATF flags these seemingly illogical differences, distinguishing between ever married and never married discrepancies and those of other types. RwMSTATH may have a value when RwMSTAT is missing. RwMSTATH in these cases.

The analyst may want to fill RwMSTAT from

The spouse variable SwMSTATH is taken from the spouse's data for Wave w. It is set to .U if R is unmarried or unpartnered or .V if R's spouse or partner did not respond in a given wave.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The asking and coding of marital status differs from wave to wave. In Waves 1 and 2H respondents are specifically asked their marital status as married, partnered, separated, divorced, widowed or never married. The marital status in the public use data also includes a "Married, spouse absent" status that is split between those whose spouse is in a nursing home and whose spouse is not institutionalized. In Wave 2A, a single item is used to assess marital status. Response categories include married (spouse present), married (spouse absent), living with someone, separated/divorced, widowed, and never married. The separated and divorced categories are not coded separately. In Wave 3H, the respondent is not asked marital status; it is derived from preloaded marital status and a series of questions in the Cover Sheet section. There is a "corrected" marital status included in the Wave 3h public use data. In addition, the separated and divorced statuses are not coded separately. In Waves 1, 2, and 3H, partnership overrides any other marital status. Marital

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

149

status in Wave 3A is also derived using questions from the Cover Sheet section. The separated and divorced statuses are in a single category, and partnership overrides any other marital status. Beginning in Wave 4, all partnered and unmarried single respondents are asked marital status. Through Wave 6, the status must be an unmarried status, treating separated as an unmarried category apart from divorced. Beginning in Wave 7, married or annulled may be coded in addition to the unmarried statuses. Marital status in the raw data is set to married or separated for respondents determined to have these statuses from Cover Sheet section questions. There is no distinction made between spouse present and spouse absent in the raw marital status variable, but this information is available from other questions in the Cover Sheet section. The Cover Sheet Section sequence of questions that lead to a marital status and determination of "coupleness", are included in the data starting in Wave 3. These questions are examined to help set the cleaned marital status used to derive RwMSTAT. Respondents who have an unmarried to married transition between interviews, or vice versa, are asked about marriages and ends of marriages (divorce or widowhood) that may have occurred between interviews at all waves after the initial interview in which a respondent appears. From Wave 4 forward, some partners appear to have married based on these reported marital transitions. These cases often report "other" in response to the question about specific unmarried status; note that "married" is not allowed in response to this question. Cases with both a reported marital event and a report of "other" marital status are set to married in the cleaned versions of marital status used in deriving RwMSTAT. Marriage history is asked of individuals at the first interview to which they respond. The questions generally proceed from current marital status and ask number of marriages, the date the first and most recent marriage began, and either the length or end date of those marriages. For previous marriages, questions ask how it ended. In Wave 1, partnered respondents are asked the timing of their most recent marriage but not how it ended. For Wave 2A, partnered respondents who report being previously married are asked how the marriage ended, and the number of years they were married. For new respondents in Wave 2H the most recent marriage is only asked about if it is also the first. From Wave 3 forward, new respondents are asked how the most recent marriage ended if ever married.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10225 V225 V228 V232 V233 AHEAD 1993: B150 B158 B160 B166 HRS 1994: W200 W207 W208 W210 AHEAD 1995: D676 D677 D680 D684 DMSTATR HRS 1996: E256A

A10:CURRENT MAR STAT:IND A10:CURRENT MARR STA:IMP A10B:EVER BEEN MARRIED A10E:LAST MARR END-MO A10E:LAST MARR END-YEAR A11. R'S MARITAL STATUS A11c. LIVE TGHR: EVER MARRIED A11e. LIVE TGHR: DIVORCED OR WIDOWED A13. # OF MARRIAGES EVER A1. A6. A7. A9.

Marital Status Ever Been Married? Number of Times Married Marriage End Divorce/Widow

A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID HRS 95: Marital Status (w/ partnered) MARRIAGE STATUS - CORRECTED

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

E676 E677 E680 E684 HRS 1998: F1059 F1066 F1070 F1071 F1072 F1075 F1087 F461 F462 F475 F502 F504 F507 F508 F517 F521 F524 F528 F529 F546 FMARST FMARSTP HRS 2000: G1146 G1153 G1157 G1158 G1159 G1162 G1174 G482 G483 G506 G543 G545 G548 G549 G558 G562 G565 G569 G570 G597 GMARST GMARSTP HRS 2002: HA020 HA023 HA026 HA027 HA028 HA030 HA033 HA034 HA035 HB055 HB058 HB061

A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A43.MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED A43A.MARITAL STATUS, ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID PRELOAD COHORT PRELOAD MARITAL STATUS WHICH IW 1ST R/2ND R CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS7.1ST R MARRIED CS8.COUPLE PARTNER CS11.R IN NURSING HOME CS12.COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER CS14.SP/P WHERE LIVE CS15A.MARRIED OR SEPARATED CS15B.SEPARATED:PARTNERED? CS15D.CURRENT COUPLENESS HRS 98: Marital Status (w/o partnered) HRS 98: Marital Status (w/ partnered) A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A43.MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED A43A.MARITAL STATUS_ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID CS0Y9.PRELOAD ENTRY COHORT CS0Y9A.PRELOAD MARITAL STATUS CS0Y21.WHICH IW 1ST R/2ND R CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS7.1ST R MARRIED CS8.COUPLE PARTNER CS11.R IN NURSING HOME CS12.COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER CS14.SP/P WHERE LIVE CS15A.MARRIED OR SEPARATED CS15B.SEPARATED:PARTNERED? CS15D.CURRENT COUPLENESS HRS 00: Marital Status (w/o partnered) HRS 00: Marital Status (w/ partnered) 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE R MARRIED LIVING W/P R IN NURSING HOME COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SP/P IN NURSHOME MARRIED OR SEPARATED SEPARATED/PARTNERED NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED

150

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

HB065 HB068_1 HMARITAL HMARST HMARSTP HX065_R HZ023 HRS 2004: JA020 JA023 JA026 JA027 JA028 JA030 JA033 JA034 JA035 JB055 JB058 JB061 JB063 JB065 JB068_1 JX065_R JZ023 JSUBHH HRS 2006: KA020 KA023 KA026 KA027 KA028 KA030 KA033 KA034 KA035 KB055 KB058 KB061 KB063 KB065 KB068_1 KX065_R KZ023 KSUBHH HRS 2008: LA020 LA023 LA026 LA027 LA028 LA030 LA033 LA034 LA035 LB055 LB058 LB061 LB063 LB065 LB068_1 LX065_R LZ023

NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW MARITAL STATUS HRS 02: Marital Status (w/o partnered) HRS 02: Marital Status (w/ partnered) COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED WHICH COHORT 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE R MARRIED LIVING W/P R IN NURSING HOME COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SP/P IN NURSHOME MARRIED OR SEPARATED SEPARATED/PARTNERED NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED MARITAL STATUS ASSIGNED NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED WHICH COHORT 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE R MARRIED LIVING W/P R IN NURSING HOME COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SP/P IN NURSHOME MARRIED OR SEPARATED SEPARATED/PARTNERED NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED MARITAL STATUS ASSIGNED NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED WHICH COHORT 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE R MARRIED LIVING W/P R IN NURSING HOME COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER SP/P IN NURSHOME MARRIED OR SEPARATED SEPARATED/PARTNERED NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE MARITAL STATUS IF UNMARRIED MARITAL STATUS ASSIGNED NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW COUPLENESS STATUS - UPDATED PREV WAVE WHICH COHORT

151

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

LSUBHH Tracker: ASUBHH BSUBHH CSUBHH DSUBHH ESUBHH FSUBHH GSUBHH HHID HSUBHH JSUBHH KSUBHH LSUBHH

2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER 1992 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1993 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1994 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1995 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1996 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1998 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2000 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2002 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER

152

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

153

Number of Marriages Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MRCT R2MRCT R3MRCT R4MRCT R5MRCT R6MRCT R7MRCT R8MRCT R9MRCT

R1MRCT:W1 R2MRCT:W2 R3MRCT:W3 R4MRCT:W4 R5MRCT:W5 R6MRCT:W6 R7MRCT:W7 R8MRCT:W8 R9MRCT:W9

R R R R R R R R R

# # # # # # # # #

marriages marriages marriages marriages marriages marriages marriages marriages marriages

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MRCT S2MRCT S3MRCT S4MRCT S5MRCT S6MRCT S7MRCT S8MRCT S9MRCT

S1MRCT:W1 S2MRCT:W2 S3MRCT:W3 S4MRCT:W4 S5MRCT:W5 S6MRCT:W6 S7MRCT:W7 S8MRCT:W8 S9MRCT:W9

S S S S S S S S S

# # # # # # # # #

marriages marriages marriages marriages marriages marriages marriages marriages marriages

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MRCT R2MRCT R3MRCT R4MRCT R5MRCT R6MRCT R7MRCT R8MRCT R9MRCT

12614 19574 17931 21323 19520 18109 20066 18409 17159

1.325 1.300 1.312 1.316 1.325 1.341 1.357 1.371 1.386

0.710 0.675 0.681 0.692 0.698 0.709 0.735 0.747 0.757

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 13.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

S1MRCT S2MRCT S3MRCT S4MRCT S5MRCT S6MRCT S7MRCT S8MRCT S9MRCT

9885 13041 11876 13942 12695 11603 12931 11698 10618

1.358 1.333 1.342 1.350 1.361 1.386 1.403 1.416 1.434

0.671 0.640 0.644 0.660 0.671 0.696 0.717 0.732 0.741

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

8.000 8.000 7.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |

R1MRCT

R2MRCT

R3MRCT

5 33 428 8638 2814 567

16 52 617 13810 4105 811

12 48 527 12579 3822 786

R4MRCT 1 13 47 691 14821 4539 1003

R5MRCT 2 11 46 605 13501 4207 945

R6MRCT 2 11 45 534 12387 4008 902

R7MRCT 3 17 43 722 13324 4588 1087

R8MRCT 3 17 40 625 12162 4206 1073

R9MRCT 2 17 39 568 11201 4005 1047

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

4 5 6 7 8 13

154

| | | | | |

112 42 8 3 1 1

181 37 8 3 1 1

171 32 9 4

Value-------------------------| .D=DK | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |

S1MRCT

S2MRCT

S3MRCT

15 2373 379 63 6992 2246 451 91 34 5 2 1

6 41 5970 584 63 9477 2793 560 114 26 5 2 1

5 34 5658 418 44 8583 2580 526 112 25 4 2

1

222 33 7 4 2 1

213 37 8 2 1 1

224 43 6 3 2

287 45 7 4 2

289 41 7 4 2

284 41 7 4 2

S4MRCT 1 4 31 6869 537 73 10003 3014 671 147 26 4 2 2

S5MRCT 2 4 29 6538 311 65 9026 2782 643 146 26 4 2 1

S6MRCT 2 4 32 6306 220 45 8099 2644 617 160 30 3 3 2

S7MRCT 2 10 29 6777 380 90 8823 3040 733 203 32 4 4 2

S8MRCT 2 9 26 6417 317 80 7922 2741 710 207 29 4 3 2

S9MRCT 2 3 23 6206 365 69 7068 2566 682 197 29 3 3 1

How Constructed: Number of marriages is assigned at the first wave R enters the HRS, from the marriage history information, which includes number of marriages including the current one. After the first wave, the number of marriages changes if R reports a marriage beginning between waves, or if a change in marital status indicates that one has begun. If R is married in 2 consecutive waves but to different spouses, a marriage is added for the new spouse. Please note that the maximum number of marriages an individual can report at the first interview varies. If the first interview is Wave 1 there is no maximum; at most 15 marriages are reported. In Wave 2H the maximum is 15. For all other waves the maximum allowed is 4. Spouse's number of marriages is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RwMRCT variable. It is set to .U if R is unmarried or unpartnered or .V if R's spouse or partner did not respond in a given wave.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Marriage history is asked of individuals at the first interview to which they respond. The questions generally proceed from current marital status and ask number of marriages, the date the first and most recent marriage began, and either the length or end date of those marriages. The skip pattern and amount of marital history information gathered varies from wave to wave. In Wave 1, the questionnaire does not specify a maximum number of marriages that can be reported (at most 13 marriages are reported), and data are collected on 3 past and the current or most recent marriage. For new respondents in Wave 2H the questionnaire limits responses to 15 for number of marriages, and data are collected only about the first marriage. Except for overlap cases, the first interview for Ahead sample members is Wave 2A. Here respondents can report a maximum of 4 marriages (meaning 4 or more), and are asked about their current, or most recent marriage (if currently living with someone). For new respondents in Wave 3, the questionnaire limits the responses to 4 (meaning 4 or more) for number of marriages and information is collected on the first and most recent marriages. From Wave 4 forward, new respondents can report a maximum of 4 for number of marriages and information is collected on 3 past and the current marriage. In Wave 6, an apparent skip pattern problem occurred so that the current marriage data are not collected for new respondents who are married. This was corrected in Wave 7. From Wave 2H forward, or for married status or vice versa has begun or ended since the reported, the month and year

the Ahead sample, from Wave 3A forward, a change from unmarried to since the last interview triggers questions about whether a marriage last interview. If any marital events between interviews are of each is collected.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10225 V228 V229 V234 V239 V240 AHEAD 1993: B158 B160 B166 HRS 1994: W207 W208 W210 AHEAD 1995: D676 D677 D680 D684 HRS 1996: E676 E677 E680 E684 HRS 1998: F1071 F1072 HRS 2000: G1158 G1159 HRS 2002: HB065 HMARITAL HRS 2004: JB065 JPN_SP JSUBHH HRS 2006: KB065 KPN_SP KSUBHH HRS 2008: LB065 LPN_SP LSUBHH Tracker: AALIVE AIWTYPE APPN CALIVE CIWTYPE CPPN DALIVE DIWTYPE DPPN EALIVE EIWTYPE EPPN FALIVE FIWTYPE

A10:CURRENT MAR STAT:IND A10B:EVER BEEN MARRIED A10C:# OF TIMES MARRIED CKPT:TIMES BEEN MARRIED A11:1ST MARRIAGE A12:TOTAL TIMES MARRIED A11c. LIVE TGHR: EVER MARRIED A11e. LIVE TGHR: DIVORCED OR WIDOWED A13. # OF MARRIAGES EVER A6. Ever Been Married? A7. Number of Times Married A9. Marriage End Divorce/Widow A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A43A.MARITAL STATUS, ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A43A.MARITAL STATUS_ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES NUMBER OF MARRIAGES MARITAL STATUS NUMBER OF MARRIAGES 2004 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER NUMBER OF MARRIAGES 2006 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER NUMBER OF MARRIAGES 2008 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER 1992 1992 1992 1994 1994 1994 1995 1995 1995 1996 1996 1996 1998 1998

VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

155

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

FPPN GALIVE GIWTYPE GPPN HALIVE HIWTYPE HPPN JALIVE JIWTYPE JPPN KALIVE KIWTYPE KPPN LALIVE LIWTYPE LPPN

1998 2000 2000 2000 2002 2002 2002 2004 2004 2004 2006 2006 2006 2008 2008 2008

SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

156

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

157

Marital History: Never married Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MNEV R2MNEV R3MNEV R4MNEV R5MNEV R6MNEV R7MNEV R8MNEV R9MNEV

R1MNEV:W1 R2MNEV:W2 R3MNEV:W3 R4MNEV:W4 R5MNEV:W5 R6MNEV:W6 R7MNEV:W7 R8MNEV:W8 R9MNEV:W9

R R R R R R R R R

never never never never never never never never never

married married married married married married married married married

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MNEV S2MNEV S3MNEV S4MNEV S5MNEV S6MNEV S7MNEV S8MNEV S9MNEV

S1MNEV:W1 S2MNEV:W2 S3MNEV:W3 S4MNEV:W4 S5MNEV:W5 S6MNEV:W6 S7MNEV:W7 S8MNEV:W8 S9MNEV:W9

S S S S S S S S S

never never never never never never never never never

married married married married married married married married married

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MNEV R2MNEV R3MNEV R4MNEV R5MNEV R6MNEV R7MNEV R8MNEV R9MNEV

12652 19642 17991 21381 19577 18166 20127 18467 17216

0.034 0.031 0.029 0.032 0.031 0.029 0.036 0.034 0.033

0.181 0.174 0.169 0.177 0.173 0.169 0.186 0.181 0.179

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1MNEV S2MNEV S3MNEV S4MNEV S5MNEV S6MNEV S7MNEV S8MNEV S9MNEV

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.006 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.007 0.007 0.006

0.080 0.069 0.061 0.072 0.071 0.062 0.083 0.082 0.080

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .N=no mars,likely nev mar | 0.Ever married | 1.Never married |

R1MNEV

R2MNEV

R3MNEV 17464 527

R4MNEV 3 20690 691

R5MNEV 2 18972 605

R6MNEV 1 17632 534

R7MNEV 2 19405 722

R8MNEV 2 17842 625

R9MNEV 1 16648 568

12224 428

19025 617

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR |

S1MNEV 2373 379

S2MNEV 5970 584

S3MNEV 5658 418

S4MNEV 6869 537

S5MNEV 6538 311

S6MNEV 6306 220

S7MNEV 6777 380

S8MNEV 6417 317

S9MNEV 6206 365

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

0.Ever married 1.Never married

| |

9837 63

158

13025 63

11871 44

13905 73

12665 65

11596 45

12882 90

11655 80

10577 69

How Constructed: RwMNEV indicates if R has never been married. If R reports having an ever-married status but later reports being never-married, he/she remains ever-married, i.e, RwMNEV=0 for the later wave. From wave 7 and forward, some cases report marital status as annulled, which is treated as never married. For ever married respondents, the numbers of divorces, widowhoods, and marriages that ended with unknown status are derived. Please see Number of Marriages (RwMRCT), and other Marital History variables, such as number of divorces (RwMDIV), widowhoods (RwMWID), and ended marriages with unknown status (RwMEND). Spouse's never married flag is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RwMNEV variable. It is set to .U if R is unmarried or unpartnered or .V if R's spouse or partner did not respond in a given wave.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The asking and coding of marital status differs from wave to wave. In Waves 1 and 2H respondents are specifically asked their marital status as married, partnered, separated, divorced, widowed or never married. The marital status in the public use data also includes a "Married, spouse absent" status that is split between those whose spouse is in a nursing home and whose spouse is not institutionalized. In Wave 2A, a single item is used to assess marital status. Response categories include married (spouse present), married (spouse absent), living with someone, separated/divorced, widowed, and never married. The separated and divorced categories are not coded separately. In Wave 3H, the respondent is not asked marital status; it is derived from preloaded marital status and a series of questions in the Cover Sheet section. There is a "corrected" marital status included in the Wave 3H public use data. In addition, the separated and divorced statuses are not coded separately. In Waves 1, 2, and 3H, partnership overrides any other marital status. Marital status in Wave 3A is also derived using questions from the Cover Sheet section. The separated and divorced statuses are in a single category, and partnership overrides any other marital status. Beginning in Wave 4, all partnered and unmarried single respondents are asked marital status. Through Wave 6, the status must be an unmarried status, treating separated as an unmarried category apart from divorced. Beginning in Wave 7, married or annulled may be coded in addition to the unmarried statuses. Marital status in the raw data is set to married or separated for respondents determined to have these statuses from Cover Sheet section questions. Marriage history is asked of individuals at the first interview to which they respond. The questions generally proceed from current marital status and ask number of marriages, the date the first and most recent marriage began, and either the length or end date of those marriages. The maximum number of marriages that can be reported varies from wave to wave.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10225 V225 V228 V229 V232 V233 V234 V239 V240 V242 V245 V248

A10:CURRENT MAR STAT:IND A10:CURRENT MARR STA:IMP A10B:EVER BEEN MARRIED A10C:# OF TIMES MARRIED A10E:LAST MARR END-MO A10E:LAST MARR END-YEAR CKPT:TIMES BEEN MARRIED A11:1ST MARRIAGE A12:TOTAL TIMES MARRIED A14:MAR1:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A14:MAR2:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A14:MAR3:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

AHEAD 1993: B150 B158 B160 B166 HRS 1994: W200 W201 W202 W203 W204 W205 W206 W207 W208 W210 AHEAD 1995: D226 D227 D230 D231 D233 D234 D240 D241 D246 D676 D677 D680 D684 D739 D741 D742 D746 D747 D748 DMSTATR HRS 1996: E226 E227 E228 E229 E247 E248 E256A E676 E677 E680 E684 E739 E741 E742 E746 E747 E748 E750 HRS 1998: F1059 F1061 F1062 F1066 F1067 F1068

A11. R'S MARITAL STATUS A11c. LIVE TGHR: EVER MARRIED A11e. LIVE TGHR: DIVORCED OR WIDOWED A13. # OF MARRIAGES EVER A1. A2. A3. A3. A4. A5. A5. A6. A7. A9.

Marital Status Marriage Start After Marriage Month Marriage Year Divorced/Widowed Since Divorced/Widowed-Month Divorced/Widowed-Year Ever Been Married? Number of Times Married Marriage End Divorce/Widow

CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS7.W1 COUPLE NEW SP CS8.W1 COUPLE PARTNER CS9.W1 ONLY NEW SP CS10.W1 ONLY NEW PARTNER CS11.R-WHERE LIVE CS12.COUPLE LIVE TOGETHER CS13.SP/P WHERE LIVE A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR HRS 95: Marital Status (w/ partnered) CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P MARRIAGE STATUS - CORRECTED A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A42.FIRST MARRIAGE ENDED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR

159

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

F1071 F1072 F1073 F1074 F1075 F1079 F1083 F1087 F502 F504 F506 F526 F527 HRS 2000: G1146 G1148 G1149 G1153 G1154 G1155 G1158 G1159 G1160 G1161 G1162 G1166 G1170 G1174 G543 G545 G547 G567 G568 HRS 2002: HA020 HA023 HA025 HA036 HA037 HB055 HB056 HB057 HB058 HB059 HB060 HB065 HB066_1 HB067_1 HB068_1 HB068_2 HB068_3 HMARITAL HPN_SP HSUBHH HRS 2004: JA020 JA023 JA025 JA036 JA037 JB055 JB056 JB057

A43A.MARITAL STATUS, ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A46B.SECOND MAR-END DIV/WID A47B.THIRD MAR-END DIV/WID A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS_ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A46B.SECOND MAR-END DIV/WID A47B.THIRD MAR-END DIV/WID A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW MARITAL STATUS 2002 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2002 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR

160

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

JB058 JB059 JB060 JB063 JB065 JB066_1 JB067_1 JB068_1 JB068_2 JB068_3 JPN_SP JSUBHH HRS 2006: KA020 KA023 KA025 KA036 KA037 KB055 KB056 KB057 KB058 KB059 KB060 KB063 KB065 KB066_1 KB067_1 KB068_1 KB068_2 KB068_3 KPN_SP KSUBHH HRS 2008: LA020 LA023 LA025 LA036 LA037 LB055 LB056 LB057 LB058 LB059 LB060 LB063 LB065 LB066_1 LB067_1 LB068_1 LB068_2 LB068_3 LPN_SP LSUBHH Tracker: AALIVE AIWTYPE APPN CALIVE CIWTYPE CPPN DALIVE DIWTYPE

DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR MARITAL STATUS ASSIGNED NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2004 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR MARITAL STATUS ASSIGNED NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2006 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR MARITAL STATUS ASSIGNED NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2008 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER 1992 1992 1992 1994 1994 1994 1995 1995

VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE

161

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

DPPN EALIVE EIWTYPE EPPN FALIVE FIWTYPE FPPN GALIVE GIWTYPE GPPN HALIVE HIWTYPE HPPN JALIVE JIWTYPE JPPN KALIVE KIWTYPE KPPN LALIVE LIWTYPE LPPN

1995 1996 1996 1996 1998 1998 1998 2000 2000 2000 2002 2002 2002 2004 2004 2004 2006 2006 2006 2008 2008 2008

SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

162

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

163

Marital History: # times divorced Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MDIV R2MDIV R3MDIV R4MDIV R5MDIV R6MDIV R7MDIV R8MDIV R9MDIV

R1MDIV:W1 R2MDIV:W2 R3MDIV:W3 R4MDIV:W4 R5MDIV:W5 R6MDIV:W6 R7MDIV:W7 R8MDIV:W8 R9MDIV:W9

R R R R R R R R R

# # # # # # # # #

times times times times times times times times times

divorced divorced divorced divorced divorced divorced divorced divorced divorced

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MDIV S2MDIV S3MDIV S4MDIV S5MDIV S6MDIV S7MDIV S8MDIV S9MDIV

S1MDIV:W1 S2MDIV:W2 S3MDIV:W3 S4MDIV:W4 S5MDIV:W5 S6MDIV:W6 S7MDIV:W7 S8MDIV:W8 S9MDIV:W9

S S S S S S S S S

# # # # # # # # #

times times times times times times times times times

divorced divorced divorced divorced divorced divorced divorced divorced divorced

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MDIV R2MDIV R3MDIV R4MDIV R5MDIV R6MDIV R7MDIV R8MDIV R9MDIV

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.397 0.251 0.268 0.313 0.327 0.347 0.399 0.414 0.435

0.665 0.563 0.578 0.617 0.628 0.647 0.688 0.703 0.719

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S1MDIV S2MDIV S3MDIV S4MDIV S5MDIV S6MDIV S7MDIV S8MDIV S9MDIV

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.320 0.215 0.227 0.260 0.274 0.295 0.337 0.350 0.370

0.601 0.512 0.521 0.559 0.571 0.595 0.634 0.649 0.667

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 3.000 4.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |

R1MDIV 8688 3107 672 167 18

R2MDIV 15756 3058 644 161 23

R3MDIV 14180 3000 634 157 17 3

R4MDIV 16148 4061 927 217 28 3

R5MDIV 14582 3872 891 200 31 3

R6MDIV 13283 3737 909 203 32 3

R7MDIV 14033 4540 1224 291 38 3

R8MDIV 12710 4240 1187 291 38 3

R9MDIV 11631 4067 1187 285 44 3

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |

S1MDIV 2373 379 7335 2065 397 102 1

S2MDIV 5970 584 10802 1846 354 86

164

S3MDIV 5658 418 9707 1800 326 81 1

S4MDIV 6869 537 11052 2339 476 104 5 2

S5MDIV 6538 311 9923 2243 456 100 6 2

S6MDIV 6306 220 8915 2153 456 106 9 2

S7MDIV 6777 380 9565 2630 610 154 11 2

S8MDIV 6417 317 8571 2398 604 149 11 2

S9MDIV 6206 365 7641 2252 592 146 13 2

How Constructed: RwMDIV counts the number of divorces the respondent has reported. For ever married respondents, the numbers of divorces, widowhoods, and marriages that ended with unknown status are derived. Please see Number of Marriages (RwMRCT), and other Marital History variables, such as the never married flag (RwMNEV), number of widowhoods (RwMWID), and ended marriages with unknown status (RwMEND). The number of divorces derivation begins with the individual's marriage history at the first interview to which he/she responds, counting any divorces reported for past marriages. At subsequent interviews, the divorce count is increased if a divorce is reported as occurring between interviews, or if a respondent's marital status changes from married or separated to divorced. Spouse marital and mortality statuses are used to help fill missing or ambiguous marriage ends. Partners living together are treated as having an unmarried or separated status. A respondent is asked about past marriages only at the first interview. In Wave 1, there are data on 3 past and the current marriage. If the first interview is Wave 2H or 3H, or for the Ahead sample, Wave 3A, there are data on at most 2 marriages. If the first interview is Wave 2A, there is information on at most one marriage. For new interviewees in Waves 4, 5 and from Wave 7 forward, there are data on at most 4 marriages. For new interviewees at Wave 6 there are data on at most 3 marriages. This was corrected in Wave 7. Please note that if a respondent reports that he/she has more than four marriages in most waves, more than two in Waves 2H, 3H, and 3A, or more than one in Wave 2A, how some of those marriages ended will not be known. Spouse's number of divorces is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RwMDIV variable. It is set to .U if R is unmarried or unpartnered or .V if R's spouse or partner did not respond in a given wave.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The asking and coding of marital status differs from wave to wave. In Waves 1 and 2H respondents are specifically asked their marital status as married, partnered, separated, divorced, widowed or never married. The marital status in the public use data also includes a "Married, spouse absent" status that is split between those whose spouse is in a nursing home and whose spouse is not institutionalized. In Wave 2A, a single item is used to assess marital status. Response categories include married (spouse present), married (spouse absent), living with someone, separated/divorced, widowed, and never married. The separated and divorced categories are not coded separately. In Wave 3H, the respondent is not asked marital status; it is derived from preloaded marital status and a series of questions in the Cover Sheet section. There is a "corrected" marital status included in the Wave 3H public use data. In addition, the separated and divorced statuses are not coded separately. In Waves 1, 2, and 3H, partnership overrides any other marital status. Marital status in Wave 3A is also derived using questions from the Cover Sheet section. The separated and divorced statuses are in a single category, and partnership overrides any other marital status. Beginning in Wave 4, all partnered and unmarried single respondents are asked marital status. Through Wave 6, the status must be an unmarried status, treating separated as an unmarried category apart from divorced. Beginning in Wave 7, married or annulled may be coded in addition to the unmarried statuses. Marital status in the raw data is set to married or separated for respondents determined to have these statuses from Cover Sheet section questions.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

165

The Cover Sheet Section sequence of questions that lead to a marital status and determination of "coupleness", are included in the data starting in Wave 3. These questions are examined to help set the cleaned marital status. Respondents who have an unmarried to married transition between interviews, or vice versa, are asked about marriages and ends of marriages (divorce or widowhood) that may have occurred between interviews at all waves after the initial interview in which a respondent appears. Marriage history is asked of individuals at the first interview to which they respond. The questions generally proceed from current marital status and ask number of marriages, the date the first and most recent marriage began, and either the length or end date of those marriages. For previous marriages, questions ask how it ended. The skip pattern and amount of marital history information gathered varies from wave to wave. In wave 1, data are collected on 3 past and the current or most recent marriage. For new respondents in Wave 2h data are collected only about the first marriage. For new respondents in Wave 3H data are collected on the first and most recent marriages. In Waves 4 and 5, new respondents are asked about 3 past and the current marriage. In Wave 6, new respondents are asked about 3 past marriages. In Wave 6, an apparent skip pattern problem occurred so that the current marriage data are not collected for new respondents who are married. This was corrected in Wave 7. In Wave 1, partnered respondents are asked the timing of their most recent marriage but not how it ended. For other unmarried respondents the current marital status reveals how the most recent marriage ended. The ending status of up to 3 past marriages is asked. There is no maximum for the number of marriages the respondent can report, though no more than 15 marriages are reported. If R reports more than 4 marriages, the specific ending status of additional marriages is unknown. Except for overlap cases, the first interview for Ahead sample members is Wave 2A. Here respondents can report a maximum of 4 marriages (meaning 4 or more), and are asked about their current, or most recent marriage (if currently living with someone). There are some issues with the questions in this section. First, the "year married" question, which follows the marital status question, presumably is referring to the respondent's current spouse. However, at least a couple of people may have misunderstood the question. When we compared the marriage beginning dates reported by overlap cases in HRS W1 and AHEAD W1, we found that four people all of whom had multiple marriages, gave dates that corresponded to previous marriages. Second, respondents who report "living with someone" are then asked if they have ever been married, and if so, what year that marriage ended. The problem with this sequence of questions is that a person can be married more than one time, in which case we assume that they are reporting on the most recent marriage. For new respondents in Wave 2H marital status reveals the way first marriage ended, if R has the additional marriages ended

the respondent can report a maximum of 15 marriages. Current the most recent marriage ended. Marital history asks only how the more than one marriage. If R reports more than 2 marriages, the way is unknown.

For Waves 3A and 3H, new respondents can report being married a maximum of 4 times. They are asked how the first and most recent marriages ended if ever married. If R reports more than 2 marriages, the way the additional marriages ended is unknown. From Wave 4 forward, new respondents can report being married a maximum of 4 times. They are asked how the first three and most recent marriages ended if ever married, for a total of up to 4 marriage end statuses. In Wave 6, because of a question skip problem, the fourth marriage information was not collected. The way the most recent marriage ended can be taken from current marital status.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10225 V225 V228 V229 V232

A10:CURRENT MAR STAT:IND A10:CURRENT MARR STA:IMP A10B:EVER BEEN MARRIED A10C:# OF TIMES MARRIED A10E:LAST MARR END-MO

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

V233 V234 V239 V240 V242 V245 V248 AHEAD 1993: B150 B158 B160 B162 B166 HRS 1994: W200 W201 W202 W203 W204 W205 W206 W207 W208 W210 AHEAD 1995: D226 D227 D228 D229 D247 D248 D676 D677 D680 D684 D739 D741 D742 D747 D748 DMSTATR F746 HRS 1996: E226 E227 E228 E229 E247 E248 E256A E676 E677 E680 E684 E739 E741 E742 E746 E747 E748 E750 HRS 1998: F1059

A10E:LAST MARR END-YEAR CKPT:TIMES BEEN MARRIED A11:1ST MARRIAGE A12:TOTAL TIMES MARRIED A14:MAR1:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A14:MAR2:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A14:MAR3:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A11. R'S MARITAL STATUS A11c. LIVE TGHR: EVER MARRIED A11e. LIVE TGHR: DIVORCED OR WIDOWED A11g. DIV/WID: YEAR DIV/WID MOST RECENT A13. # OF MARRIAGES EVER A1. A2. A3. A3. A4. A5. A5. A6. A7. A9.

Marital Status Marriage Start After Marriage Month Marriage Year Divorced/Widowed Since Divorced/Widowed-Month Divorced/Widowed-Year Ever Been Married? Number of Times Married Marriage End Divorce/Widow

CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR HRS 95: Marital Status (w/ partnered) CHECKPOINT CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P MARRIAGE STATUS - CORRECTED A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A42.FIRST MARRIAGE ENDED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START

166

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

F1061 F1062 F1066 F1067 F1068 F1071 F1072 F1073 F1074 F1075 F1079 F1083 F1087 F502 F504 F506 F526 F527 HRS 2000: G1146 G1148 G1149 G1153 G1154 G1155 G1158 G1159 G1160 G1161 G1162 G1166 G1170 G1174 G543 G545 G547 G567 G568 HRS 2002: HA020 HA023 HA025 HA036 HA037 HB055 HB056 HB057 HB058 HB059 HB060 HB065 HB066_1 HB067_1 HB068_1 HB068_2 HB068_3 HMARITAL HRS 2004: JA020 JA023 JA025 JA036 JA037

A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS, ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A46B.SECOND MAR-END DIV/WID A47B.THIRD MAR-END DIV/WID A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS_ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A46B.SECOND MAR-END DIV/WID A47B.THIRD MAR-END DIV/WID A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW MARITAL STATUS 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P

167

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

JB055 JB056 JB057 JB058 JB059 JB060 JB065 JB066_1 JB067_1 JB068_1 JB068_2 JB068_3 JPN_SP JSUBHH HRS 2006: KA020 KA023 KA025 KA036 KA037 KB055 KB056 KB057 KB058 KB059 KB060 KB065 KB066_1 KB067_1 KB068_1 KB068_2 KB068_3 KPN_SP KSUBHH HRS 2008: LA020 LA023 LA025 LA036 LA037 LB055 LB056 LB057 LB058 LB059 LB060 LB065 LB066_1 LB067_1 LB068_1 LB068_2 LB068_3 LPN_SP LSUBHH Tracker: AALIVE AIWTYPE APPN CALIVE CIWTYPE CPPN DALIVE DIWTYPE

NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2004 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2006 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2008 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER 1992 1992 1992 1994 1994 1994 1995 1995

VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE

168

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

DPPN EALIVE EIWTYPE EPPN FALIVE FIWTYPE FPPN GALIVE GIWTYPE GPPN HALIVE HIWTYPE HPPN JALIVE JIWTYPE JPPN KALIVE KIWTYPE KPPN LALIVE LIWTYPE LPPN

1995 1996 1996 1996 1998 1998 1998 2000 2000 2000 2002 2002 2002 2004 2004 2004 2006 2006 2006 2008 2008 2008

SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

169

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

170

Marital History: # times widowed Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MWID R2MWID R3MWID R4MWID R5MWID R6MWID R7MWID R8MWID R9MWID

R1MWID:W1 R2MWID:W2 R3MWID:W3 R4MWID:W4 R5MWID:W5 R6MWID:W6 R7MWID:W7 R8MWID:W8 R9MWID:W9

R R R R R R R R R

# # # # # # # # #

times times times times times times times times times

widowed widowed widowed widowed widowed widowed widowed widowed widowed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MWID S2MWID S3MWID S4MWID S5MWID S6MWID S7MWID S8MWID S9MWID

S1MWID:W1 S2MWID:W2 S3MWID:W3 S4MWID:W4 S5MWID:W5 S6MWID:W6 S7MWID:W7 S8MWID:W8 S9MWID:W9

S S S S S S S S S

# # # # # # # # #

times times times times times times times times times

widowed widowed widowed widowed widowed widowed widowed widowed widowed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MWID R2MWID R3MWID R4MWID R5MWID R6MWID R7MWID R8MWID R9MWID

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.093 0.218 0.232 0.238 0.255 0.272 0.246 0.264 0.276

0.301 0.419 0.431 0.440 0.453 0.465 0.451 0.468 0.476

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S1MWID S2MWID S3MWID S4MWID S5MWID S6MWID S7MWID S8MWID S9MWID

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.046 0.033 0.037 0.048 0.053 0.064 0.063 0.070 0.073

0.219 0.183 0.196 0.221 0.232 0.256 0.254 0.272 0.275

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 2.000 2.000 3.000 2.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |

R1MWID 11516 1098 37 1

R2MWID 15416 4176 49 1

R3MWID 13873 4057 59 2

R4MWID 16420 4840 119 5

R5MWID 14727 4717 130 5

R6MWID 13385 4628 149 5

R7MWID 15355 4607 159 8

R8MWID 13808 4460 189 12

R9MWID 12687 4325 193 12

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar |

S1MWID 2373

S2MWID 5970

S3MWID 5658

S4MWID 6869

S5MWID 6538

S6MWID 6306

S7MWID 6777

S8MWID 6417

S9MWID 6206

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

.V=Sp NR 0 1 2 3

| | | | |

379 9456 429 14 1

171

584 12676 398 14

418 11485 415 15

537 13327 632 18 1

311 12077 631 22

220 10927 683 30 1

380 12198 738 35 1

317 10961 726 46 2

365 9910 697 37 2

How Constructed: RwMWID counts the number of times the respondent reports being widowed. For ever married respondents, the numbers of divorces, widowhoods, and marriages that ended with unknown status are derived. Please see Number of Marriages (RwMRCT), and other Marital History variables, such as the never married flag (RwMNEV), number of divorces (RwMDIV), and ended marriages with unknown status (RwMEND). The number of times widowed derivation begins with the individual's marriage history at the first interview to which he/she responds, counting any widowhoods reported for past marriages. At subsequent interviews, the widowhood count is increased if a widowhood is reported as occurring between interviews, or if a respondent's marital status changes from married or separated to widowed. Spouse marital and mortality statuses are used to help fill missing or ambiguous marriage ends. Partners living together are treated as having an unmarried or separated status. A respondent is asked about past marriages only at the first interview. In Wave 1, there are data on 3 past and the current marriage. If the first interview is Wave 2H or 3H, or for the Ahead sample, Wave 3A, there are data on at most 2 marriages. If the first interview is Wave 2A, there is information on at most one marriage. For new interviewees in Waves 4, 5 and from Wave 7 forward, there are data on at most 4 marriages. For new interviewees in Wave 6, there are data on at most 3 marriages. This was corrected in Wave 7. Please note that if a respondent reports that he/she has more than four marriages in most waves, more than two in Waves 2H, 3H, and 3A, or more than one in Wave 2A, how some of those marriages ended will not be known. Spouse's number of times widowed is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RwMWID variable. It is set to .U if R is unmarried or unpartnered or .V if R's spouse or partner did not respond in a given wave.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The asking and coding of marital status differs from wave to wave. In Waves 1 and 2H respondents are specifically asked their marital status as married, partnered, separated, divorced, widowed or never married. The marital status in the public use data also includes a "Married, spouse absent" status that is split between those whose spouse is in a nursing home and whose spouse is not institutionalized. In Wave 2A, a single item is used to assess marital status. Response categories include married (spouse present), married (spouse absent), living with someone, separated/divorced, widowed, and never married. The separated and divorced categories are not coded separately. In Wave 3H, the respondent is not asked marital status; it is derived from preloaded marital status and a series of questions in the Cover Sheet section. There is a "corrected" marital status included in the Wave 3H public use data. In addition, the separated and divorced statuses are not coded separately. In Waves 1, 2, and 3H, partnership overrides any other marital status. Marital status in Wave 3A is also derived using questions from the Cover Sheet section. The separated and divorced statuses are in a single category, and partnership overrides any other marital status. Beginning in Wave 4, all partnered and unmarried single respondents are asked marital status. Through Wave 6, the status must be an unmarried status, treating separated as an unmarried category apart from divorced. Beginning in Wave 7, married or annulled may be coded in addition to the unmarried statuses. Marital status in the raw data is set to married or separated for respondents determined to have these statuses from Cover Sheet section questions. The Cover Sheet Section sequence of questions that lead to a marital status and determination of "coupleness", are included in the data starting in Wave 3. These questions are examined to help set the cleaned marital status.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

172

Respondents who have an unmarried to married transition between interviews, or vice versa, are asked about marriages and ends of marriages (divorce or widowhood) that may have occurred between interviews at all waves after the initial interview in which a respondent appears. Marriage history is asked of individuals at the first interview to which they respond. The questions generally proceed from current marital status and ask number of marriages, the date the first and most recent marriage began, and either the length or end date of those marriages. For previous marriages, questions ask how it ended. The skip pattern and amount of marital history information gathered varies from wave to wave. In wave 1, data are collected on 3 past and the current or most recent marriage. For new respondents in Wave 2h data are collected only about the first marriage. For new respondents in Wave 3H data are collected on the first and most recent marriages. In Waves 4 and 5, new respondents are asked about 3 past and the current marriage. In Wave 6, new respondents are asked about 3 past marriages. In Wave 6, an apparent skip pattern problem occurred so that the current marriage data are not collected for new respondents who are married. This was corrected in Wave 7. In Wave 1, partnered respondents are asked the timing of their most recent marriage but not how it ended. For other unmarried respondents the current marital status reveals how the most recent marriage ended. The ending status of up to 3 past marriages is asked. There is no maximum for the number of marriages the respondent can report, though no more than 15 marriages are reported. If R reports more than 4 marriages, the specific ending status of additional marriages is unknown. Except for overlap cases, the first interview for Ahead sample members is Wave 2A. Here respondents can report a maximum of 4 marriages (meaning 4 or more), and are asked about their current, or most recent marriage (if currently living with someone). There are some issues with the questions in this section. First, the "year married" question, which follows the marital status question, presumably is referring to the respondent's current spouse. However, at least a couple of people may have misunderstood the question. When we compared the marriage beginning dates reported by overlap cases in HRS W1 and AHEAD W1, we found that four people all of whom had multiple marriages, gave dates that corresponded to previous marriages. Second, respondents who report "living with someone" are then asked if they have ever been married, and if so, what year that marriage ended. The problem with this sequence of questions is that a person can be married more than one time, in which case we assume that they are reporting on the most recent marriage. For new respondents in Wave 2H marital status reveals the way first marriage ended, if R has the additional marriages ended

the respondent can report a maximum of 15 marriages. Current the most recent marriage ended. Marital history asks only how the more than one marriage. If R reports more than 2 marriages, the way is unknown.

For Waves 3A and 3H, new respondents can report being married a maximum of 4 times. They are asked how the first and most recent marriages ended if ever married. If R reports more than 2 marriages, the way the additional marriages ended is unknown. From Wave 4 forward, new respondents can report being married a maximum of 4 times. They are asked how the first three and most recent marriages ended if ever married, for a total of up to 4 marriage end statuses. In Wave 6, because of a question skip problem, the fourth marriage information was not collected. The way the most recent marriage ended can be taken from current marital status.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10225 V225 V228 V229 V232 V233 V234 V239 V240

A10:CURRENT MAR STAT:IND A10:CURRENT MARR STA:IMP A10B:EVER BEEN MARRIED A10C:# OF TIMES MARRIED A10E:LAST MARR END-MO A10E:LAST MARR END-YEAR CKPT:TIMES BEEN MARRIED A11:1ST MARRIAGE A12:TOTAL TIMES MARRIED

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

V242 V245 V248 AHEAD 1993: B150 B158 B160 B162 B166 HRS 1994: W200 W201 W202 W203 W204 W205 W206 W207 W208 W210 AHEAD 1995: D226 D227 D228 D229 D247 D248 D676 D677 D680 D684 D739 D741 D742 D746 D747 D748 DMSTATR HRS 1996: E226 E227 E228 E229 E247 E248 E256A E676 E677 E680 E684 E739 E741 E742 E746 E747 E748 E750 HRS 1998: F1059 F1061 F1062 F1066 F1067

A14:MAR1:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A14:MAR2:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A14:MAR3:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A11. R'S MARITAL STATUS A11c. LIVE TGHR: EVER MARRIED A11e. LIVE TGHR: DIVORCED OR WIDOWED A11g. DIV/WID: YEAR DIV/WID MOST RECENT A13. # OF MARRIAGES EVER A1. A2. A3. A3. A4. A5. A5. A6. A7. A9.

Marital Status Marriage Start After Marriage Month Marriage Year Divorced/Widowed Since Divorced/Widowed-Month Divorced/Widowed-Year Ever Been Married? Number of Times Married Marriage End Divorce/Widow

CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR HRS 95: Marital Status (w/ partnered) CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P MARRIAGE STATUS - CORRECTED A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A42.FIRST MARRIAGE ENDED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR

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Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

F1068 F1071 F1072 F1073 F1074 F1075 F1079 F1083 F1087 F502 F504 F506 F526 F527 HRS 2000: G1146 G1148 G1149 G1153 G1154 G1155 G1158 G1159 G1160 G1161 G1162 G1166 G1170 G1174 G543 G545 G547 G567 G568 HRS 2002: HA020 HA023 HA025 HA036 HA037 HB055 HB056 HB057 HB058 HB059 HB060 HB065 HB066_1 HB067_1 HB068_1 HB068_2 HB068_3 HMARITAL HRS 2004: JA020 JA023 JA025 JA036 JA037 JB055 JB056 JB057 JB058

A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS, ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A46B.SECOND MAR-END DIV/WID A47B.THIRD MAR-END DIV/WID A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS_ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A46B.SECOND MAR-END DIV/WID A47B.THIRD MAR-END DIV/WID A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW MARITAL STATUS 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE

174

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

JB059 JB060 JB065 JB066_1 JB067_1 JB068_1 JB068_2 JB068_3 JPN_SP JSUBHH HRS 2006: KA020 KA023 KA025 KA036 KA037 KB055 KB056 KB057 KB058 KB059 KB060 KB065 KB066_1 KB067_1 KB068_1 KB068_2 KB068_3 KPN_SP KSUBHH HRS 2008: LA020 LA023 LA025 LA036 LA037 LB055 LB056 LB057 LB058 LB059 LB060 LB065 LB066_1 LB067_1 LB068_1 LB068_2 LB068_3 LPN_SP LSUBHH Tracker: AALIVE AIWTYPE APPN CALIVE CIWTYPE CPPN DALIVE DIWTYPE DPPN EALIVE EIWTYPE EPPN

BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2004 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2006 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2008 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER 1992 1992 1992 1994 1994 1994 1995 1995 1995 1996 1996 1996

VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

175

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

FALIVE FIWTYPE FPPN GALIVE GIWTYPE GPPN HALIVE HIWTYPE HPPN JALIVE JIWTYPE JPPN KALIVE KIWTYPE KPPN LALIVE LIWTYPE LPPN

1998 1998 1998 2000 2000 2000 2002 2002 2002 2004 2004 2004 2006 2006 2006 2008 2008 2008

VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

176

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177

Marital History: # times don't know how marriage ended Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MEND R2MEND R3MEND R4MEND R5MEND R6MEND R7MEND R8MEND R9MEND

R1MEND:W1 R2MEND:W2 R3MEND:W3 R4MEND:W4 R5MEND:W5 R6MEND:W6 R7MEND:W7 R8MEND:W8 R9MEND:W9

R R R R R R R R R

# # # # # # # # #

times times times times times times times times times

unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown

end end end end end end end end end

marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MEND S2MEND S3MEND S4MEND S5MEND S6MEND S7MEND S8MEND S9MEND

S1MEND:W1 S2MEND:W2 S3MEND:W3 S4MEND:W4 S5MEND:W5 S6MEND:W6 S7MEND:W7 S8MEND:W8 S9MEND:W9

S S S S S S S S S

# # # # # # # # #

times times times times times times times times times

unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown unknown

end end end end end end end end end

marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MEND R2MEND R3MEND R4MEND R5MEND R6MEND R7MEND R8MEND R9MEND

12614 19574 17931 21323 19520 18109 20066 18409 17159

0.023 0.130 0.123 0.094 0.089 0.080 0.064 0.058 0.054

0.202 0.416 0.404 0.358 0.346 0.322 0.289 0.277 0.267

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S1MEND S2MEND S3MEND S4MEND S5MEND S6MEND S7MEND S8MEND S9MEND

9885 13041 11876 13942 12695 11603 12931 11698 10618

0.023 0.108 0.098 0.072 0.067 0.060 0.045 0.040 0.037

0.180 0.378 0.360 0.307 0.294 0.279 0.247 0.230 0.218

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 4.000 3.000 4.000 5.000 4.000 4.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |

R1MEND 38 12370 219 17 2 2 2

R2MEND 68 17489 1710 302 68 2 1

R3MEND 60 16125 1486 262 54 1 1

R4MEND 61 19678 1352 244 44 2 1

R5MEND 59 18077 1199 204 37 1 1

R6MEND 58 16885 1028 167 25 3 1

R7MEND 63 18979 917 144 22 3 1

R8MEND 60 17502 764 123 16 3 1

R9MEND 58 16373 663 105 15 2 1

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

6 10

178

| |

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |

S1MEND 15 2373 379 9690 179 11 1 2 1 1

S2MEND 47 5970 584 11889 947 166 36 1 1 1

S3MEND 39 5658 418 10917 787 147 22 1 1 1

S4MEND 36 6869 537 13100 695 127 19 1

1 S5MEND 35 6538 311 11984 591 103 17

S6MEND 38 6306 220 11013 497 82 8 3

S7MEND 41 6777 380 12434 422 64 7 3 1

S8MEND 37 6417 317 11303 336 50 6 3

S9MEND 28 6206 365 10282 290 38 7 1

How Constructed: RwMEND counts the number of ended marriages where the ending status (divorce or widowhood) is unknown. For ever married respondents, the numbers of divorces, widowhoods, and marriages that ended with unknown status are derived. Please see Number of Marriages (RwMRCT), and other Marital History variables, such as the never married flag (RwMNEV), number of divorces (RwMDIV), and number of widowhoods (RwMWID). The number of times a marriage end status is unknown is derived beginning with the individual's marriage history at the first interview to which he/she responds. The number of divorces and widowhoods are counted. The number of remaining marriages that ended, for which the end status is unknown, is assigned to RwMEND. At subsequent interviews, any marriage end between interviews where the ending status is unknown increases the count. If a respondent's marital status changes from married or separated to an unknown but definitely unmarried status the count of unknown marriage ends is incremented. If a respondent is married to a different spouse than at the previous interview and doesn't report an end of marriage event, the unknown marriage end count is also incremented. Spouse marital and mortality statuses are used to help fill missing or ambiguous marriage ends. Partners living together are treated as having an unmarried or separated status. A respondent is asked about past marriages only at the first interview. In Wave 1, there are data on 3 past and the current marriage. If the first interview is Wave 2H or 3H, or for the Ahead sample, Wave 3A, there are data on at most 2 marriages. If the first interview is Wave 2A, there is information on at most one marriage. For new interviewees in Waves 4, 5 and from Wave 7 forward, there are data on at most 4 marriages. For new interviewees at Wave 6, there are data on at most 3 marriages. This was corrected to collect information on four in Wave 7. Please note that if a respondent reports that he/she has more than four marriages in most waves, more than two in Waves 2H, 3H, and 3A, or more than one in Wave 2A, how some of those marriages ended will not be known. Spouse's SwMEND is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's RwMEND variable. It is set to .U if R is unmarried or unpartnered or .V if R's spouse or partner did not respond in a given wave.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The asking and coding of marital status differs from wave to wave. In Waves 1 and 2H respondents are specifically asked their marital status as married, partnered, separated, divorced, widowed or never married. The marital status in the public use data also includes a "Married, spouse absent" status that is split between those whose spouse is in a nursing home and whose spouse is not institutionalized. In Wave 2A, a single item is used to assess marital status. Response categories include married (spouse present), married (spouse absent), living with someone, separated/divorced, widowed, and never married. The separated and divorced categories are not coded separately. In Wave 3H, the respondent is not asked marital status; it is derived from preloaded marital status and a series of questions in the Cover Sheet section. There is a "corrected" marital status included in the Wave 3H public use data. In addition, the separated and divorced statuses are not

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

179

coded separately. In Waves 1, 2, and 3H, partnership overrides any other marital status. Marital status in Wave 3A is also derived using questions from the Cover Sheet section. The separated and divorced statuses are in a single category, and partnership overrides any other marital status. Beginning in Wave 4, all partnered and unmarried single respondents are asked marital status. Through Wave 6, the status must be an unmarried status, treating separated as an unmarried category apart from divorced. Beginning in Wave 7, married or annulled may be coded in addition to the unmarried statuses. Marital status in the raw data is set to married or separated for respondents determined to have these statuses from Cover Sheet section questions. The Cover Sheet Section sequence of questions that lead to a marital status and determination of "coupleness", are included in the data starting in Wave 3. These questions are examined to help set the cleaned marital status. Respondents who have an unmarried to married transition between interviews, or vice versa, are asked about marriages and ends of marriages (divorce or widowhood) that may have occurred between interviews at all waves after the initial interview in which a respondent appears. Marriage history is asked of individuals at the first interview to which they respond. The questions generally proceed from current marital status and ask number of marriages, the date the first and most recent marriage began, and either the length or end date of those marriages. For previous marriages, questions ask how it ended. The skip pattern and amount of marital history information gathered varies from wave to wave. In wave 1, data are collected on 3 past and the current or most recent marriage. For new respondents in Wave 2h data are collected only about the first marriage. For new respondents in Wave 3H data are collected on the first and most recent marriages. In Waves 4 and 5, new respondents are asked about 3 past and the current marriage. In Wave 6, new respondents are asked about 3 past marriages. In Wave 6, an apparent skip pattern problem occurred so that the current marriage data are not collected for new respondents who are married. This was corrected in Wave 7. In Wave 1, partnered respondents are asked the timing of their most recent marriage but not how it ended. For other unmarried respondents the current marital status reveals how the most recent marriage ended. The ending status of up to 3 past marriages is asked. There is no maximum for the number of marriages the respondent can report, though no more than 15 marriages are reported. If R reports more than 4 marriages, the specific ending status of additional marriages is unknown. Except for overlap cases, the first interview for Ahead sample members is Wave 2a. Here respondents can report a maximum of 4 marriages (meaning 4 or more), and are asked about their current, or most recent marriage (if currently living with someone). There are some issues with the questions in this section. First, the "year married" question, which follows the marital status question, presumably is referring to the respondent's current spouse. However, at least a couple of people may have misunderstood the question. When we compared the marriage beginning dates reported by overlap cases in HRS W1 and AHEAD W1, we found that four people all of whom had multiple marriages, gave dates that corresponded to previous marriages. Second, respondents who report "living with someone" are then asked if they have ever been married, and if so, what year that marriage ended. The problem with this sequence of questions is that a person can be married more than one time, in which case we assume that they are reporting on the most recent marriage. For new respondents in Wave 2H marital status reveals the way first marriage ended, if R has the additional marriages ended

the respondent can report a maximum of 15 marriages. Current the most recent marriage ended. Marital history asks only how the more than one marriage. If R reports more than 2 marriages, the way is unknown.

For Waves 3A and 3H, new respondents can report being married a maximum of 4 times. They are asked how the first and most recent marriages ended if ever married. If R reports more than 2 marriages, the way the additional marriages ended is unknown. From Wave 4 forward, new respondents can report being married a maximum of 4 times. They are asked how the first three and most recent marriages ended if ever married, for a total of up to 4 marriage end statuses. In Wave 6, because of a question skip problem, the fourth marriage information was not collected. The way the most recent marriage ended can be taken from current marital status.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10225 V225 V228 V229 V232 V233 V234 V239 V240 V242 V245 V248 AHEAD 1993: B150 B158 B160 B162 B166 HRS 1994: W200 W201 W202 W203 W204 W205 W206 W207 W208 W210 AHEAD 1995: D226 D227 D228 D229 D247 D248 D676 D677 D680 D684 D739 D741 D742 D746 D747 D748 DMSTATR HRS 1996: E226 E227 E228 E229 E247 E248 E256A E676 E677 E680 E684

A10:CURRENT MAR STAT:IND A10:CURRENT MARR STA:IMP A10B:EVER BEEN MARRIED A10C:# OF TIMES MARRIED A10E:LAST MARR END-MO A10E:LAST MARR END-YEAR CKPT:TIMES BEEN MARRIED A11:1ST MARRIAGE A12:TOTAL TIMES MARRIED A14:MAR1:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A14:MAR2:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A14:MAR3:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A11. R'S MARITAL STATUS A11c. LIVE TGHR: EVER MARRIED A11e. LIVE TGHR: DIVORCED OR WIDOWED A11g. DIV/WID: YEAR DIV/WID MOST RECENT A13. # OF MARRIAGES EVER A1. A2. A3. A3. A4. A5. A5. A6. A7. A9.

Marital Status Marriage Start After Marriage Month Marriage Year Divorced/Widowed Since Divorced/Widowed-Month Divorced/Widowed-Year Ever Been Married? Number of Times Married Marriage End Divorce/Widow

CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR HRS 95: Marital Status (w/ partnered) CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P MARRIAGE STATUS - CORRECTED A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID

180

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

E739 E741 E742 E746 E747 E748 E750 HRS 1998: F1059 F1061 F1062 F1066 F1067 F1068 F1071 F1072 F1073 F1074 F1075 F1079 F1083 F1087 F502 F504 F506 F526 F527 HRS 2000: G1146 G1148 G1149 G1153 G1154 G1155 G1158 G1159 G1160 G1161 G1162 G1166 G1170 G1174 G543 G545 G547 G567 G568 HRS 2002: HA020 HA023 HA025 HA036 HA037 HB055 HB056 HB057 HB058 HB059 HB060 HB065 HB066_1 HB067_1 HB068_1

A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A42.FIRST MARRIAGE ENDED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS, ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A46B.SECOND MAR-END DIV/WID A47B.THIRD MAR-END DIV/WID A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS_ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A46B.SECOND MAR-END DIV/WID A47B.THIRD MAR-END DIV/WID A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW

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Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

HB068_2 HB068_3 HMARITAL HRS 2004: JA020 JA023 JA025 JA036 JA037 JB055 JB056 JB057 JB058 JB059 JB060 JB065 JB066_1 JB067_1 JB068_1 JB068_2 JB068_3 JPN_SP JSUBHH HRS 2006: KA020 KA023 KA025 KA036 KA037 KB055 KB056 KB057 KB058 KB059 KB060 KB065 KB066_1 KB067_1 KB068_1 KB068_2 KB068_3 KPN_SP KSUBHH HRS 2008: LA020 LA023 LA025 LA036 LA037 LB055 LB056 LB057 LB058 LB059 LB060 LB065 LB066_1 LB067_1 LB068_1 LB068_2 LB068_3 LPN_SP LSUBHH

SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW MARITAL STATUS 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2004 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2006 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW 2008 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER

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Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

Tracker: AALIVE AIWTYPE APPN CALIVE CIWTYPE CPPN DALIVE DIWTYPE DPPN EALIVE EIWTYPE EPPN FALIVE FIWTYPE FPPN GALIVE GIWTYPE GPPN HALIVE HIWTYPE HPPN JALIVE JIWTYPE JPPN KALIVE KIWTYPE KPPN LALIVE LIWTYPE LPPN

1992 1992 1992 1994 1994 1994 1995 1995 1995 1996 1996 1996 1998 1998 1998 2000 2000 2000 2002 2002 2002 2004 2004 2004 2006 2006 2006 2008 2008 2008

VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

183

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184

Length of current marriage Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MCURLN R2MCURLN R3MCURLN R4MCURLN R5MCURLN R6MCURLN R7MCURLN R8MCURLN R9MCURLN

R1MCURLN:W1 R2MCURLN:W2 R3MCURLN:W3 R4MCURLN:W4 R5MCURLN:W5 R6MCURLN:W6 R7MCURLN:W7 R8MCURLN:W8 R9MCURLN:W9

R R R R R R R R R

length length length length length length length length length

of of of of of of of of of

current current current current current current current current current

marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MCURLN S2MCURLN S3MCURLN S4MCURLN S5MCURLN S6MCURLN S7MCURLN S8MCURLN S9MCURLN

S1MCURLN:W1 S2MCURLN:W2 S3MCURLN:W3 S4MCURLN:W4 S5MCURLN:W5 S6MCURLN:W6 S7MCURLN:W7 S8MCURLN:W8 S9MCURLN:W9

S S S S S S S S S

length length length length length length length length length

of of of of of of of of of

current current current current current current current current current

marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MCURLN R2MCURLN R3MCURLN R4MCURLN R5MCURLN R6MCURLN R7MCURLN R8MCURLN R9MCURLN

10209 13548 12216 14235 12718 11424 12775 11458 10443

27.471 34.505 35.502 35.159 35.998 36.984 34.859 36.011 36.803

11.102 14.652 14.698 14.973 15.130 15.365 16.017 16.305 16.476

0.000 0.100 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

53.200 77.000 75.300 74.400 75.200 74.700 76.200 76.200 78.400

S1MCURLN S2MCURLN S3MCURLN S4MCURLN S5MCURLN S6MCURLN S7MCURLN S8MCURLN S9MCURLN

9554 12706 11599 13466 12234 11046 12206 10994 9945

27.513 34.604 35.750 35.367 36.174 37.169 35.212 36.296 37.186

11.080 14.575 14.554 14.898 15.014 15.251 15.899 16.191 16.304

0.000 0.100 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

53.200 77.000 75.300 74.400 75.200 74.700 76.200 73.500 72.700

How Constructed: RwMCURLN, the length of the current marriage in years, is assigned by looking at marital history dates, marital events, and marriage status. At the first interview, the date the most recent marriage began is asked. This date is kept across interviews until the marriage ends in divorce or widowhood. If R begins a new marriage, the current marriage begin date is reset to reflect this. The spouse's information is examined if available to fill missing current marriage begin dates if they are missing from the retrospective marriage history at a respondent's first interview. This

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

185

step is introduced to address the skip pattern problem in Wave 6, where no current marriage begin dates were collected for married new interviewees. The problem was corrected in Wave 7. There are missing dates for the first marriage and for marital events between interviews. For marital events between interviews, there is about a 2 year range when they can occur. If dates are missing for between interview events, they are estimated based on interview and other marriage dates. If R is married (or separated) at the interview, the length of the current marriage is calculated as the time from the marriage begin date to the interview end date. If R is unmarried RwMCURLN is missing. Separations are treated as continuing marriages. Spouse's length of current marriage variable SwMCURLN is taken from the wave 'w' spouse's RwMCURLN variable. It is set to .U if R is unmarried or unpartnered or .V if R's spouse or partner did not respond in a given wave. NOTE: In previous versions of the RAND HRS Data, the length of current marriage for married respondents whose first interview is Wave 4 or 5 was missing much of the time due to a programming error. This is corrected in Version D, but analysts using this variable may want to re-examine results based on it in earlier versions.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The asking and coding of marital status differs from wave to wave. In Waves 1 and 2H respondents are specifically asked their marital status as married, partnered, separated, divorced, widowed or never married. The marital status in the public use data also includes a "Married, spouse absent" status that is split between those whose spouse is in a nursing home and whose spouse is not institutionalized. In Wave 2A, a single item is used to assess marital status. Response categories include married (spouse present), married (spouse absent), living with someone, separated/divorced, widowed, and never married. The separated and divorced categories are not coded separately. In Wave 3H, the respondent is not asked marital status; it is derived from preloaded marital status and a series of questions in the Cover Sheet section. There is a "corrected" marital status included in the Wave 3H public use data. In addition, the separated and divorced statuses are not coded separately. In Waves 1, 2, and 3H, partnership overrides any other marital status. Marital status in Wave 3A is also derived using questions from the Cover Sheet section. The separated and divorced statuses are in a single category, and partnership overrides any other marital status. Beginning in Wave 4, all partnered and unmarried single respondents are asked marital status. Through Wave 6, the status must be an unmarried status, treating separated as an unmarried category apart from divorced. Beginning in Wave 7, married or annulled may be coded in addition to the unmarried statuses. Marital status in the raw data is set to married or separated for respondents determined to have these statuses from Cover Sheet section questions. The Cover Sheet Section sequence of questions that lead to a marital status and determination of "coupleness", are included in the data starting in Wave 3. These questions are examined to help set the cleaned marital status. Included in the Cover Sheet questions are dates for when a spouse died or separated, and when R started living with a new spouse or partner. Respondents who have an unmarried to married transition between interviews, or vice versa, are asked about marriages and ends of marriages (divorce or widowhood) that may have occurred between interviews at all waves after the initial interview in which a respondent appears. If a marriage, divorce, or widowhood is reported, the month and year of the event is asked. Marriage history is asked of individuals at the first interview to which they respond. The questions generally proceed from current marital status and ask number of marriages, the date the first and most recent marriage began, and either the length or end date of those marriages. For previous marriages, questions ask how it ended. The skip pattern and amount of marital history information gathered varies from wave to wave. In Wave 1, data are collected on three past and the current or most recent marriage. For new respondents in Wave 2H data are collected only about the first marriage. For new respondents in

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

186

Wave 3H data are collected on the first and most recent marriages. In Waves 4 and 5, new respondents are asked about three past and the current marriage. In Wave 6, new respondents are asked about three past marriages. In Wave 6, an apparent skip pattern problem occurred so that the current marriage data are not collected for new respondents who are married. This was corrected in Wave 7, so that information on the current and three past marriages is collected. In Wave 1, there is no maximum for the number of marriages the respondent can report. If R reports more than four marriages, then all information about at least some marriages will be completely missing. The begin and end month of the current or most recent marriage are asked. For past marriages only the year is obtained. Except for overlap cases, the first interview for Ahead sample members is Wave 2A. Here respondents can report a maximum of four marriages (meaning four or more), and are asked for details about only their current, or most recent marriage (if currently living with someone). There are some issues with the questions in this section. First, the "year married" question, which follows the marital status question, presumably is referring to the respondent's current spouse. However, at least of couple of people may have misunderstood the question. When we compared the marriage beginning dates reported by overlap cases in HRS W1 and AHEAD W1, we found that four people, all of whom had multiple marriages, gave dates that corresponded to previous marriages. Second, respondents who report "living with someone" are then asked if they have ever been married, and if so, what year that marriage ended. The problem with this sequence of questions is that a person can be married more than one time, in which case we assume that they are reporting on the most recent marriage. For those not married then year the marriage ended and the length of the marriage are ascertained. For new respondents in Wave 2H the respondent can report a maximum of 15 marriages. The begin and end year of the first marriage is asked if the respondent reports more than one marriage. If the respondent only reports one marriage, the begin month and, if applicable, end month of the most recent marriage are only asked if the event occurred between interviews. If R reports more than two marriages, the information about any except the first and perhaps the most recent marriage will be completely missing. For Waves 3A and 3H, new respondents can report being married a maximum of four times. They are asked the year when the first and most recent marriages began. If a begin year is after 1992, the month of marriage is also asked. If the marriage ended, the respondent is asked how many years it lasted. If R reports more than two marriages, the information about any besides the first and most recent is completely missing. From Wave 4 forward, new respondents can report a maximum of four marriages. They are asked the month and year the first three and most recent marriages began and how many years each marriage lasted. In these waves there can be information about up to four marriages, which is the maximum number marriages that can be reported, so all known marriages are inquired about. In Wave 6, because of a question skip problem, the fourth marriage information was not collected. The month and year that the current marriage began is missing for all new married new interviewees. The month and year of the fourth marriage is missing for those with four marriages.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10225 V225 V226 V227 V228 V230 V231 V232 V233 AHEAD 1993: B150 B156 B158 B159

A10:CURRENT MAR STAT:IND A10:CURRENT MARR STA:IMP A10A:DATE MARRIED-MONTH A10A:DATE MARRIED-YEAR A10B:EVER BEEN MARRIED A10D:LAST MARR BEGIN-M0 A10D:LAST MARR BEGIN-YR A10E:LAST MARR END-MO A10E:LAST MARR END-YEAR A11. R'S MARITAL STATUS A11a. YEAR MARRIED A11c. LIVE TGHR: EVER MARRIED A11d. LIVE TGHR: YEAR MARRIAGE ENDED

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

B161 B163 HRS 1994: W200 W201 W202 W203 W204 W205 W206 W207 AHEAD 1995: D226 D227 D228 D229 D247 D248 D676 D678 D679 D681 D682 D683 D685 D739 D741 D742 D746 D747 D748 DMSTATR HRS 1996: E226 E227 E228 E229 E247 E248 E256A E676 E678 E679 E681 E682 E683 E685 E739 E741 E742 E746 E747 E748 E750 HRS 1998: F1059 F1061 F1062 F1066 F1067 F1068 F1071 F1072

A11f. LIVE TGHR: YRS MARRIED MOST RECENT A11h. DIV/WID: YEARS MARRIED MOST RECENT A1. A2. A3. A3. A4. A5. A5. A6.

Marital Status Marriage Start After Marriage Month Marriage Year Divorced/Widowed Since Divorced/Widowed-Month Divorced/Widowed-Year Ever Been Married?

CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A21.L-EVER MARRIED A22.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A22A. FIRST MAR-MO BEGIN A22C.FIRST MAR-YRS MARRIED A23.RECENT MAR-YR BEGIN A23A. RECENT MAR-MO BEGIN A23C.RECENT MAR-YRS MARRIED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR HRS 95: Marital Status (w/ partnered) CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P MARRIAGE STATUS - CORRECTED A21.L-EVER MARRIED A22.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A22A.FIRST MAR-MO BEGIN A22C.FIRST MAR-YRS MARRIED A23.RECENT MAR-YR BEGIN A23A.RECENT MAR-MO BEGIN A23C.RECENT MAR-YRS MARRIED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A42.FIRST MARRIAGE ENDED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS, ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES

187

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

F1073 F1074 F1075 F1076 F1085 F1087 F1088 F502 F504 F506 F526 F527 HRS 2000: G1146 G1148 G1149 G1153 G1154 G1155 G1158 G1159 G1160 G1161 G1162 G1163 G1172 G1174 G1175 G543 G545 G547 G567 G568 HRS 2002: HA020 HA023 HA025 HA036 HA037 HB055 HB056 HB057 HB058 HB059 HB060 HB065 HB066_1 HB066_2 HB066_3 HB067_1 HB067_2 HB067_3 HB068_1 HB068_2 HB068_3 HB070_1 HB070_2 HB070_3 HMARITAL HRS 2004: JA020 JA023 JA025

A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A45C.FIRST MAR-YRS MARRIED A48.RECENT MAR-YR BEGIN A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A48C.RECENT MAR-YRS MARRIED CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS_ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A45C.FIRST MAR-YRS MARRIED A48.RECENT MAR-YR BEGIN A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A48C.RECENT MAR-YRS MARRIED CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW FIRST MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE SECOND MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE THIRD MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE MARITAL STATUS 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE

188

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

JA036 JA037 JB055 JB056 JB057 JB058 JB059 JB060 JB065 JB066_1 JB066_2 JB066_3 JB067_1 JB067_2 JB067_3 JB068_1 JB068_2 JB068_3 JB070_1 JB070_2 JB070_3 JPN_SP JSUBHH HRS 2006: KA020 KA023 KA025 KA036 KA037 KB055 KB056 KB057 KB058 KB059 KB060 KB065 KB066_1 KB066_2 KB066_3 KB067_1 KB067_2 KB067_3 KB068_1 KB068_2 KB068_3 KB070_1 KB070_2 KB070_3 KPN_SP KSUBHH HRS 2008: LA020 LA023 LA025 LA036 LA037 LB055 LB056 LB057 LB058 LB059 LB060 LB065

MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW FIRST MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE SECOND MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE THIRD MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE 2004 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW FIRST MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE SECOND MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE THIRD MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE 2006 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES

189

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

LB066_1 LB066_2 LB066_3 LB067_1 LB067_2 LB067_3 LB068_1 LB068_2 LB068_3 LB070_1 LB070_2 LB070_3 LPN_SP LSUBHH Tracker: AALIVE AIWTYPE APPN CALIVE CIWTYPE CPPN DALIVE DIWTYPE DPPN EALIVE EIWTYPE EPPN FALIVE FIWTYPE FPPN GALIVE GIWTYPE GPPN HALIVE HIWTYPE HPPN JALIVE JIWTYPE JPPN KALIVE KIWTYPE KPPN LALIVE LIWTYPE LPPN

FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW THIRD MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW FIRST MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE SECOND MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE THIRD MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE 2008 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER 1992 1992 1992 1994 1994 1994 1995 1995 1995 1996 1996 1996 1998 1998 1998 2000 2000 2000 2002 2002 2002 2004 2004 2004 2006 2006 2006 2008 2008 2008

VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

190

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

191

Length of longest marriage (including current) Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MLEN R2MLEN R3MLEN R4MLEN R5MLEN R6MLEN R7MLEN R8MLEN R9MLEN

R1MLEN:W1 R2MLEN:W2 R3MLEN:W3 R4MLEN:W4 R5MLEN:W5 R6MLEN:W6 R7MLEN:W7 R8MLEN:W8 R9MLEN:W9

R R R R R R R R R

length length length length length length length length length

of of of of of of of of of

longest longest longest longest longest longest longest longest longest

marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MLEN S2MLEN S3MLEN S4MLEN S5MLEN S6MLEN S7MLEN S8MLEN S9MLEN

S1MLEN:W1 S2MLEN:W2 S3MLEN:W3 S4MLEN:W4 S5MLEN:W5 S6MLEN:W6 S7MLEN:W7 S8MLEN:W8 S9MLEN:W9

S S S S S S S S S

length length length length length length length length length

of of of of of of of of of

longest longest longest longest longest longest longest longest longest

marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MLENM R2MLENM R3MLENM R4MLENM R5MLENM R6MLENM R7MLENM R8MLENM R9MLENM

R1MLENM:W1 R2MLENM:W2 R3MLENM:W3 R4MLENM:W4 R5MLENM:W5 R6MLENM:W6 R7MLENM:W7 R8MLENM:W8 R9MLENM:W9

R R R R R R R R R

# # # # # # # # #

marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage

lengths lengths lengths lengths lengths lengths lengths lengths lengths

missng missng missng missng missng missng missng missng missng

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MLENM S2MLENM S3MLENM S4MLENM S5MLENM S6MLENM S7MLENM S8MLENM S9MLENM

S1MLENM:W1 S2MLENM:W2 S3MLENM:W3 S4MLENM:W4 S5MLENM:W5 S6MLENM:W6 S7MLENM:W7 S8MLENM:W8 S9MLENM:W9

S S S S S S S S S

# # # # # # # # #

marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage marriage

lengths lengths lengths lengths lengths lengths lengths lengths lengths

missng missng missng missng missng missng missng missng missng

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable R1MLEN R2MLEN R3MLEN R4MLEN R5MLEN R6MLEN R7MLEN R8MLEN

N 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469

Mean 26.301 32.307 33.332 33.025 33.861 34.524 32.585 33.471

Std Dev 11.117 15.733 15.788 15.920 16.028 16.319 16.855 17.118

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 53.200 79.000 79.000 79.000 77.000 77.000 76.200 78.300

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

192

R9MLEN

17217

34.074

17.347

0.000

78.400

S1MLEN S2MLEN S3MLEN S4MLEN S5MLEN S6MLEN S7MLEN S8MLEN S9MLEN

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

28.506 34.854 36.163 35.841 36.694 37.564 35.503 36.566 37.414

9.591 13.831 13.649 13.842 13.868 14.177 15.033 15.324 15.446

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

53.200 77.000 75.300 74.400 75.200 74.700 76.200 73.500 72.700

R1MLENM R2MLENM R3MLENM R4MLENM R5MLENM R6MLENM R7MLENM R8MLENM R9MLENM

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.038 0.148 0.140 0.108 0.102 0.099 0.084 0.080 0.077

0.257 0.444 0.432 0.384 0.372 0.355 0.329 0.320 0.315

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S1MLENM S2MLENM S3MLENM S4MLENM S5MLENM S6MLENM S7MLENM S8MLENM S9MLENM

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.027 0.114 0.105 0.079 0.074 0.077 0.063 0.058 0.055

0.207 0.392 0.376 0.325 0.314 0.315 0.286 0.275 0.265

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 4.000

How Constructed: RwMLEN is assigned by looking at marital histories, marital events, and marriage status. Data are not collected on all marriages: up to four previous marriages if R enters the HRS in waves 1, 4, 5, or 7 forward, up to three previous marriages if R enters the study in wave 6, or up to two previous marriages if R enters in waves 2H or 3. If the first interview is Wave 2A, there is information on at most one previous marriage. If R gives a marriage date or length that indicates being married before age 12, the dates or length are treated as missing, depending on what information is provided. There are also abundant missing dates in the marriage history data. RwMLENM counts the number of marriages for which the length is unknown. For marital events between interviews, there is about a two year range when they can occur. If dates are missing for between-interview events, they are estimated based on interview and other marriage dates, so as to compare lengths of marriages. The spouse's information is examined if available to fill missing current marriage begin dates if they are missing from the retrospective marriage history at a respondent's first interview. This step is introduced to address the skip pattern problem in Wave 6, where no current marriage begin dates were collected for married new interviewees. RwMLEN is the maximum length of R's marriages up to wave 'w'. If R is married (or separated) at the wave, the length of the current marriage is calculated as the time from the begin date to the interview end date. Separations are treated as continuing marriages. Spouse's length of longest marriage variables SwMLEN and SwMLENM are taken from the wave 'w' spouse's RwMLEN and RwMLENM variables. They is set to .U if R is unmarried or unpartnered or .V if R's spouse or partner did not respond in a given wave. NOTE: In previous versions of the RAND HRS Data, the length of current marriage for married respondents whose first interview is Wave 4 or 5 was missing much of the time due to a programming error. This also affects the length of longest marriage for some cases. The problem is corrected

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193

in Version D, but analysts using this variable may want to re-examine results based on it in earlier versions. Another programming problem left many unmarried Ahead respondents with a longest marriage of zero years and a missing marriage length, when a marriage length is available. Most of these are widows, and all are not married in Wave 2A. This is corrected in Version H.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The asking and coding of marital status differs from wave to wave. In Waves 1 and 2H respondents are specifically asked their marital status as married, partnered, separated, divorced, widowed or never married. The marital status in the public use data also includes a "Married, spouse absent" status that is split between those whose spouse is in a nursing home and whose spouse is not institutionalized. In Wave 2A, a single item is used to assess marital status. Response categories include married (spouse present), married (spouse absent), living with someone, separated/divorced, widowed, and never married. The separated and divorced categories are not coded separately. In Wave 3H, the respondent is not asked marital status; it is derived from preloaded marital status and a series of questions in the Cover Sheet section. There is a "corrected" marital status included in the Wave 3H public use data. In addition, the separated and divorced statuses are not coded separately. In Waves 1, 2, and 3H, partnership overrides any other marital status. Marital status in Wave 3A is also derived using questions from the Cover Sheet section. The separated and divorced statuses are in a single category, and partnership overrides any other marital status. Beginning in Wave 4, all partnered and unmarried single respondents are asked marital status. Through Wave 6, the status must be an unmarried status, treating separated as an unmarried category apart from divorced. Beginning in Wave 7, married or annulled may be coded in addition to the unmarried statuses. Marital status in the raw data is set to married or separated for respondents determined to have these statuses from Cover Sheet section questions. The Cover Sheet Section sequence of questions that lead to a marital status and determination of "coupleness", are included in the data starting in Wave 3. These questions are examined to help set the cleaned marital status. Included in the Cover Sheet questions are dates for when a spouse died or separated, and when R started living with a new spouse or partner. Respondents who have an unmarried to married transition between interviews, or vice versa, are asked about marriages and ends of marriages (divorce or widowhood) that may have occurred between interviews at all waves after the initial interview in which a respondent appears. If a marriage, divorce, or widowhood is reported, the month and year of the event is asked. Marriage history is asked of individuals at the first interview to which they respond. The questions generally proceed from current marital status and ask number of marriages, the date the first and most recent marriage began, and either the length or end date of those marriages. For previous marriages, questions ask how it ended. The skip pattern and amount of marital history information gathered varies from wave to wave. In wave 1, data are collected on three past and the current or most recent marriage. For new respondents in Wave 2H data are collected only about the first marriage. For new respondents in Wave 3H data are collected on the first and most recent marriages. In Waves 4 and 5, new respondents are asked about 3 past and the current marriage. In Wave 6, new respondents are asked about three past marriages. In Wave 6, an apparent skip pattern problem occurred so that the current marriage data are not collected for new respondents who are married. From Wave 7 forward, this problem appears to be corrected, so that respondents are asked about up to four marriages, including the current one. In Wave 1, there is no maximum for the number of marriages the respondent can report. If R reports more than four marriages, then all information about at least some marriages will be completely missing. The begin and end month of the current or most recent marriage are asked. For past marriages only the year is obtained. Except for overlap cases, the first interview for Ahead sample members is Wave 2A. Here respondents can report a maximum of four marriages (meaning 4 or more), and are asked for details

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194

about only their current, or most recent marriage (if currently living with someone). There are some issues with the questions in this section. First, the "year married" question, which follows the marital status question, presumably is referring to the respondent's current spouse. However, at least of couple of people may have misunderstood the question. When we compared the marriage beginning dates reported by overlap cases in HRS W1 and AHEAD W1, we found that four people, all of whom had multiple marriages, gave dates that corresponded to previous marriages. Second, respondents who report "living with someone" are then asked if they have ever been married, and if so, what year that marriage ended. The problem with this sequence of questions is that a person can be married more than one time, in which case we assume that they are reporting on the most recent marriage. For those not married then year the marriage ended and the length of the marriage are ascertained. For new respondents in Wave 2H the respondent can report a maximum of 15 marriages. The begin and end year of the first marriage is asked if the respondent reports more than one marriage. If the respondent only reports one marriage, the begin month and, if applicable, end month of the most recent marriage are only asked if the event occurred between interviews. If R reports more than two marriages, the information about any except the first and perhaps the most recent marriage will be completely missing. For Waves 3A and 3H, new respondents can report being married a maximum of four times. They are asked the year when the first and most recent marriages began. If a begin year is after 1992, the month of marriage is also asked. If the marriage ended, the respondent is asked how many years it lasted. If R reports more than two marriages, the information about any besides the first and most recent is completely missing. From Wave 4 forward, new respondents can report a maximum of four marriages. They are asked the month and year the first three and most recent marriages began and how many years each marriage lasted. In these waves there can be information about up to four marriages, which is the maximum number marriages that can be reported, so all known marriages are inquired about. In Wave 6, because of a question skip problem, the fourth marriage information was not collected. The month and year that the current marriage began is missing for all new married new interviewees. The month and year of the fourth marriage is missing for those with four marriages.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10225 V225 V226 V227 V228 V230 V231 V232 V233 V234 V235 V236 V237 V238 V239 V240 V241 V242 V243 V244 V245 V246 V247 V248 V249 AHEAD 1993: B150

A10:CURRENT MAR STAT:IND A10:CURRENT MARR STA:IMP A10A:DATE MARRIED-MONTH A10A:DATE MARRIED-YEAR A10B:EVER BEEN MARRIED A10D:LAST MARR BEGIN-M0 A10D:LAST MARR BEGIN-YR A10E:LAST MARR END-MO A10E:LAST MARR END-YEAR CKPT:TIMES BEEN MARRIED A10G:END LAST MARR-MONTH A10G:END LAST MARR-YR A10H:BEGIN LAST MARR-MO A10H:BEGIN LAST MARR-YR A11:1ST MARRIAGE A12:TOTAL TIMES MARRIED A13:MAR1:YEAR BEGAN A14:MAR1:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A15:MAR1:YEAR ENDED A13:MAR2:YEAR BEGAN A14:MAR2:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A15:MAR2:YEAR ENDED A13:MAR3:YEAR BEGAN A14:MAR3:DVRCD/WDOWD/OTH A15:MAR3:YEAR ENDED A11. R'S MARITAL STATUS

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

B156 B158 B159 B160 B162 B163 B166 HRS 1994: W200 W201 W202 W203 W204 W205 W206 W207 W208 W209 W210 W211 AHEAD 1995: D226 D227 D228 D229 D247 D248 D676 D677 D678 D679 D680 D681 D682 D683 D684 D685 D739 D741 D742 D746 D747 D748 DMSTATR HRS 1996: E226 E227 E228 E229 E247 E248 E256A E676 E677 E678 E679 E680 E681 E682 E683 E684 E685 E739

A11a. YEAR MARRIED A11c. LIVE TGHR: EVER MARRIED A11d. LIVE TGHR: YEAR MARRIAGE ENDED A11e. LIVE TGHR: DIVORCED OR WIDOWED A11g. DIV/WID: YEAR DIV/WID MOST RECENT A11h. DIV/WID: YEARS MARRIED MOST RECENT A13. # OF MARRIAGES EVER A1. Marital Status A2. Marriage Start After A3. Marriage Month A3. Marriage Year A4. Divorced/Widowed Since A5. Divorced/Widowed-Month A5. Divorced/Widowed-Year A6. Ever Been Married? A7. Number of Times Married A8. 1st Marriage-Year Begin A9. Marriage End Divorce/Widow A10. 1st Marriage-Year End CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A22A. FIRST MAR-MO BEGIN A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A22C.FIRST MAR-YRS MARRIED A23.RECENT MAR-YR BEGIN A23A. RECENT MAR-MO BEGIN A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A23C.RECENT MAR-YRS MARRIED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR HRS 95: Marital Status (w/ partnered) CS4.R SAME SP/P CS5.SP/P ALIVE CS6.MO/YR SEPARATE/DIE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15.MO/YR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P CS15A.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P MARRIAGE STATUS - CORRECTED A21.L-EVER MARRIED A21A.# MARRIAGES A22.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A22A.FIRST MAR-MO BEGIN A22B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A22C.FIRST MAR-YRS MARRIED A23.RECENT MAR-YR BEGIN A23A.RECENT MAR-MO BEGIN A23B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A23C.RECENT MAR-YRS MARRIED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START

195

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

E741 E742 E746 E747 E748 E750 HRS 1998: F1059 F1061 F1062 F1066 F1067 F1068 F1071 F1072 F1073 F1074 F1075 F1076 F1077 F1078 F1079 F1080 F1081 F1082 F1084 F1085 F1087 F1088 F502 F504 F506 F526 F527 HRS 2000: G1146 G1148 G1149 G1153 G1154 G1155 G1158 G1159 G1160 G1161 G1162 G1163 G1164 G1165 G1166 G1167 G1168 G1169 G1171 G1172 G1174 G1175 G543 G545 G547 G567 G568 HRS 2002:

A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/SWIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A42.FIRST MARRIAGE ENDED A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS, ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A45C.FIRST MAR-YRS MARRIED A46.SECOND MAR-YR BEGIN A46A.SECOND MAR-MON BEGIN A46B.SECOND MAR-END DIV/WID A46C.SECOND MAR-YRS MARRIED A47.THIRD MAR-YR BEGIN A47A.THIRD MAR-MON BEGIN A47C.THIRD MAR-YRS MARRIED A48.RECENT MAR-YR BEGIN A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A48C.RECENT MAR-YRS MARRIED CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P A40.POST W1 MARRIAGE START A40A.POST W1 MARRIAGE MO A40C.YEAR A41.POST W1 DIV/WIDOWED A41A.POST W1 DIV/WIDOW MOR A41B.YEAR A43A.MARITAL STATUS_ASSIGNED A44.# MARRIAGES A45.FIRST MAR-YR BEGIN A45A.FIRST MAR-MON BEGIN A45B.FIRST MAR-END DIV/WID A45C.FIRST MAR-YRS MARRIED A46.SECOND MAR-YR BEGIN A46A.SECOND MAR-MON BEGIN A46B.SECOND MAR-END DIV/WID A46C.SECOND MAR-YRS MARRIED A47.THIRD MAR-YR BEGIN A47A.THIRD MAR-MON BEGIN A47C.THIRD MAR-YRS MARRIED A48.RECENT MAR-YR BEGIN A48B.RECENT MAR-END DIV/WID A48C.RECENT MAR-YRS MARRIED CS4.1ST R SAME SPOUSE/P CS5.PRELOAD SPOUSE/P ALIVE CS6A.YEAR SEPARATE/DIE CS15MO./YR S/P START LIVE TOGETHER CS15YR.YEAR ST LIVE W/NEW SP/P

196

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

HA020 HA023 HA025 HA036 HA037 HB055 HB056 HB057 HB058 HB059 HB060 HB065 HB066_1 HB066_2 HB066_3 HB067_1 HB067_2 HB067_3 HB068_1 HB068_2 HB070_1 HB070_2 HB070_3 HMARITAL HRS 2004: JA020 JA023 JA025 JA036 JA037 JB055 JB056 JB057 JB058 JB059 JB060 JB065 JB066_1 JB066_2 JB066_3 JB067_1 JB067_2 JB067_3 JB068_1 JB068_2 JB070_1 JB070_2 JB070_3 JPN_SP JSUBHH HRS 2006: KA020 KA023 KA025 KA036 KA037 KB055 KB056 KB057 KB058 KB059 KB060 KB065

1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW FIRST MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE SECOND MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE THIRD MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE MARITAL STATUS 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW FIRST MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE SECOND MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE THIRD MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE 2004 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2004 SUB-HOUSEHOLD INDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES

197

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

KB066_1 KB066_2 KB066_3 KB067_1 KB067_2 KB067_3 KB068_1 KB068_2 KB070_1 KB070_2 KB070_3 KPN_SP KSUBHH HRS 2008: LA020 LA023 LA025 LA036 LA037 LB055 LB056 LB057 LB058 LB059 LB060 LB065 LB066_1 LB066_2 LB066_3 LB067_1 LB067_2 LB067_3 LB068_1 LB068_2 LB070_1 LB070_2 LB070_3 LPN_SP LSUBHH Tracker: AALIVE AIWTYPE APPN CALIVE CIWTYPE CPPN DALIVE DIWTYPE DPPN EALIVE EIWTYPE EPPN FALIVE FIWTYPE FPPN GALIVE GIWTYPE GPPN HALIVE HIWTYPE HPPN JALIVE JIWTYPE

FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW FIRST MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE SECOND MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE THIRD MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE 2006 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2006 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER 1ST R SAME SP/P PREVIOUS WAVE SP/P ALIVE YEAR COUPLE STOPPED LIVE TOGETHER/DIE MO STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P YEAR STARTED LIVING WITH NEW SP/P NEW MARRIAGE SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE MARRIAGE START-YEAR DIVORCE/WIDOW SINCE PREVIOUS WAVE BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-MONTH BETWEEN WAVE DIVORCE/WIDOW-YEAR NUMBER OF MARRIAGES FIRST MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE YEAR BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN SECOND MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN THIRD MARRIAGE MONTH BEGAN FIRST MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW SECOND MARRIAGE END DIVORCE/WIDOW FIRST MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE SECOND MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE THIRD MARRIAGE-YEARS MARRIAGE 2008 SPOUSE/PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 2008 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTFIER 1992 1992 1992 1994 1994 1994 1995 1995 1995 1996 1996 1996 1998 1998 1998 2000 2000 2000 2002 2002 2002 2004 2004

VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

PERSON NUMBER

198

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

JPPN KALIVE KIWTYPE KPPN LALIVE LIWTYPE LPPN

2004 2006 2006 2006 2008 2008 2008

SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER VITAL STATUS INTERVIEW TYPE SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER

199

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

200

Religion Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RARELIG

RARELIG: R Religion

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1RELIG S2RELIG S3RELIG S4RELIG S5RELIG S6RELIG S7RELIG S8RELIG S9RELIG

S1RELIG: S2RELIG: S3RELIG: S4RELIG: S5RELIG: S6RELIG: S7RELIG: S8RELIG: S9RELIG:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Religion Religion Religion Religion Religion Religion Religion Religion Religion

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RARELIG

30436

1.559

0.910

1.000

5.000

S1RELIG S2RELIG S3RELIG S4RELIG S5RELIG S6RELIG S7RELIG S8RELIG S9RELIG

10100 13409 12143 14298 12906 11736 13146 11887 10825

1.489 1.512 1.512 1.527 1.533 1.534 1.580 1.574 1.586

0.812 0.847 0.849 0.868 0.874 0.876 0.918 0.916 0.933

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| RARELIG .D=DK | 26 .M=Oth missing | 69 .R=RF | 17 1.Protestant | 19167 2.Catholic | 8224 3.Jewish | 734 4.None/no pref | 1917 5.Other | 394 Value-------------------------| S1RELIG .D=DK | 5 .M=Oth missing | 14 .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 160 1.Protestant | 6522 2.Catholic | 2845 3.Jewish | 185 4.None/no pref | 468 5.Other | 80

S2RELIG 3 49 1 5970 210 8616 3638 378 636 141

S3RELIG 4 41 2 5658 143 7810 3280 352 567 134

S4RELIG 8 35 2 6869 172 9121 3897 360 759 161

S5RELIG 7 35 1 6538 92 8194 3549 312 700 151

S6RELIG 7 35 4 6306 79 7444 3240 264 649 139

S7RELIG 11 33 7 6777 155 8106 3680 283 934 143

S8RELIG 9 34 5 6417 117 7378 3291 250 840 128

S9RELIG 11 29 5 6206 141 6683 3000 225 776 141

How Constructed: This variable is assigned by looking at all waves of data for the first non-missing values. The Wave 1 and 2H values are recoded to 5 categories to be compatible with the codes from Wave 3H

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201

forward, and for the AHEAD sample, from Wave 2A forward. The broader categories used for Waves 1 and 2H are: Protestant (including 'non-traditional Christian'), Catholic, Jewish, none or no preference, and other. From Wave 3H forward, the HRS variable is simply recoded for missing values. Wave 2A forward.

The same is true for

The spouse variable SwRELIG is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported data, i.e., from the spouse's RARELIG variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1 the questions on religious preference are asked as follows: What is your religious preference: Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish, or something else? What denomination is that? From Wave 2 forward, the wording of the first question is slightly different: What is your religious preference; Is it Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, some other religion, or do you have no preference? In Waves 1 and 2H, the resulting variable codes only the "denomination" but the codebook lists them in broader groupings: Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, non-traditional Christian (e.g., Quakers, Latter Day Saints), non-Judeo-Christian (e.g., Hindu, Islam), no religion, and other (e.g., Jewish and Catholic, or Catholic summers / Lutheran winters). From Wave 3H forward, and for the AHEAD sample, from Wave 2A forward, the resulting variable appears to be based on the first question with only 5 codes: Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, No preference, and Other.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V214 AHEAD 1993: B134 HRS 1994: W226 AHEAD 1995: D732 HRS 1996: E732 HRS 1998: F1052 HRS 2000: G1139 HRS 2002: HB050 HRS 2004: JB050 HRS 2006: KB050 HRS 2008: LB050

A6:RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE A6. R'S RELIGION A14(a). Religious Preference A36.R RELIGIOUS PREF A36.R RELIGIOUS PREF A36.R RELIGIOUS PREF A36.R RELIGIOUS PREF R RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE R RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE R RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE R RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

202

Veteran status Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RAVETRN

RAVETRN: R Veteran Status

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1VETRN S2VETRN S3VETRN S4VETRN S5VETRN S6VETRN S7VETRN S8VETRN S9VETRN

S1VETRN: S2VETRN: S3VETRN: S4VETRN: S5VETRN: S6VETRN: S7VETRN: S8VETRN: S9VETRN:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Veteran Veteran Veteran Veteran Veteran Veteran Veteran Veteran Veteran

Status Status Status Status Status Status Status Status Status

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RAVETRN

30503

0.233

0.423

0.000

1.000

S1VETRN S2VETRN S3VETRN S4VETRN S5VETRN S6VETRN S7VETRN S8VETRN S9VETRN

10118 13428 12163 14324 12926 11761 13179 11916 10856

0.290 0.292 0.294 0.295 0.293 0.291 0.263 0.261 0.259

0.454 0.455 0.456 0.456 0.455 0.454 0.440 0.439 0.438

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| RAVETRN .D=DK/NA | 4 .M=Oth missing | 39 .R=RF | 2 0.no | 23394 1.yes | 7109 Value-------------------------| S1VETRN .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | 4 .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 157 0.no | 7181 1.yes | 2937

S2VETRN

S3VETRN

36

29

S4VETRN 1 23

5970 208 9501 3927

5658 141 8585 3578

6869 167 10101 4223

S5VETRN 2 20 1 6538 92 9136 3790

S6VETRN 2 18 1 6306 79 8339 3422

S7VETRN 1 16 1 6777 155 9715 3464

S8VETRN 1 17 1 6417 117 8811 3105

S9VETRN 1 12 1 6206 141 8048 2808

How Constructed: This variable is assigned by looking at all waves of data for the first non-missing values. first non-missing value for veteran status is used. It is coded as 1 for yes, served in the military and 0 for no.

The

The spouse's RwVETRN variable is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's sel-reported veteran status, i.e., from the Wave 'w' spouse's RAVETRN.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The question about military service is only asked at the respondent's first interview. In Waves 1 and 2H the question wording is: Have you ever been in the active military service? From Wave 3H forward, and from Wave 2A of the AHEAD sample forward, the question wording is: Have you ever served in the active military of the United States?

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V222 AHEAD 1993: B146 HRS 1994: W234 AHEAD 1995: D670 HRS 1996: E670 HRS 1998: F1008 HRS 2000: G1095 HRS 2002: HB035 HRS 2004: JB035 HRS 2006: KB035 HRS 2008: LB035

A9:EVER IN MILITARY A10. MILITARY SERVICE A17. Ever in Military A10.MILITARY A10.MILITARY A10.MILITARY A10.MILITARY R SERVED IN MILITARY R SERVED IN MILITARY R SERVED IN MILITARY R SERVED IN MILITARY

203

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

204

Place of birth Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

RABPLACE

RABPLACE: R Place of Birth (Cens Region)

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1BPLACE S2BPLACE S3BPLACE S4BPLACE S5BPLACE S6BPLACE S7BPLACE S8BPLACE S9BPLACE

S1BPLACE: S2BPLACE: S3BPLACE: S4BPLACE: S5BPLACE: S6BPLACE: S7BPLACE: S8BPLACE: S9BPLACE:

Region) Region) Region) Region) Region) Region) Region) Region) Region)

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

RABPLACF

RABPLACF: Flag diff RABPLACE/USBORN(trk)

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1BPLACF S2BPLACF S3BPLACF S4BPLACF S5BPLACF S6BPLACF S7BPLACF S8BPLACF S9BPLACF

S1BPLACF: S2BPLACF: S3BPLACF: S4BPLACF: S5BPLACF: S6BPLACF: S7BPLACF: S8BPLACF: S9BPLACF:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

S S S S S S S S S

Place Place Place Place Place Place Place Place Place

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

of of of of of of of of of

diff diff diff diff diff diff diff diff diff

Birth Birth Birth Birth Birth Birth Birth Birth Birth

(Cens (Cens (Cens (Cens (Cens (Cens (Cens (Cens (Cens

RABPLACE/USBORN(trk) RABPLACE/USBORN(trk) RABPLACE/USBORN(trk) RABPLACE/USBORN(trk) RABPLACE/USBORN(trk) RABPLACE/USBORN(trk) RABPLACE/USBORN(trk) RABPLACE/USBORN(trk) RABPLACE/USBORN(trk)

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

RABPLACE

30510

5.205

2.873

1.000

11.000

S1BPLACE S2BPLACE S3BPLACE S4BPLACE S5BPLACE S6BPLACE S7BPLACE S8BPLACE S9BPLACE

10121 13434 12167 14335 12938 11768 13183 11919 10858

5.254 5.134 5.136 5.104 5.116 5.139 5.230 5.206 5.237

2.849 2.846 2.852 2.833 2.852 2.856 2.940 2.924 2.945

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000

RABPLACF

30547

0.004

0.069

0.000

3.000

S1BPLACF S2BPLACF S3BPLACF S4BPLACF S5BPLACF S6BPLACF S7BPLACF S8BPLACF S9BPLACF

10279 13608 12269 14453 13007 11823 13307 12000 10953

0.007 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

0.090 0.081 0.080 0.094 0.101 0.082 0.083 0.078 0.075

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Categorical Variable Codes

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

205

Value-------------------------|RABPLACE .M=Oth missing | 38 1. New England | 1356 2. Mid Atlantic | 4369 3. EN Central | 5194 4. WN Central | 2935 5. S Atlantic | 4971 6. ES Central | 2624 7. WS Central | 3173 8. Mountain | 963 9. Pacific | 1602 10.US/NA Division | 84 11.Not US/inc US terr | 3239 Value-------------------------|S1BPLACE S2BPLACE S3BPLACE S4BPLACE S5BPLACE S6BPLACE S7BPLACE S8BPLACE S9BPLACE .M=Oth missing | 1 33 26 21 18 16 15 17 12 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 157 205 140 159 85 77 154 116 141 1. New England | 408 584 517 653 598 516 602 546 494 2. Mid Atlantic | 1424 2026 1845 2116 1905 1699 1800 1649 1462 3. EN Central | 1612 2308 2113 2544 2302 2142 2488 2260 2094 4. WN Central | 1005 1385 1279 1531 1401 1280 1399 1285 1163 5. S Atlantic | 1712 2079 1835 2184 1925 1725 1861 1617 1475 6. ES Central | 985 1176 1045 1171 1034 943 989 899 798 7. WS Central | 1033 1385 1248 1454 1326 1197 1225 1161 1029 8. Mountain | 335 436 406 482 434 397 481 431 398 9. Pacific | 494 668 623 811 717 679 832 764 706 10.US/NA Division | 10 34 28 30 24 19 27 21 19 11.Not US/inc US terr | 1103 1353 1228 1359 1272 1171 1479 1286 1220 Value-------------------------|RABPLACF M | 1 0.No Discrepancy | 30427 1.Trk=US/RABPLACE=outside US | 115 2.Trk=not US/RABPLACE=US | 3 3.Trk=miss/RABPLACE=valid cd | 2 Value-------------------------|S1BPLACF S2BPLACF S3BPLACF S4BPLACF S5BPLACF S6BPLACF S7BPLACF S8BPLACF S9BPLACF M | 1 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 64 64 62 34 37 45 52 58 0.No Discrepancy | 10209 13549 12209 14393 12949 11771 13242 11945 10902 1.Trk=US/RABPLACE=outside US | 67 54 57 51 48 48 61 52 49 2.Trk=not US/RABPLACE=US | 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3.Trk=miss/RABPLACE=valid cd | 1 3 2 8 9 3 3 2 1

How Constructed: RABPLACE indicates the respondent's birthplace. It is assigned by looking at all waves of data for the first non-missing value. Place of birth is reported as Census Division; a code of 11 indicates not in the US, including foreign countries and U.S. territories. A code of 10 indicates in the US but without the Census Division information. In Wave 2A of AHEAD, the Census Division is not available; only whether R was born in the US or not. This is used to set the birthplace to code 10 or 11. The HRS Region file also provides the Census Division of birthplace in the variable REGIONB. If RABPLACE is missing or 10, and a more specific Census Division is available from this source, we use it to fill RABPLACE. There are some cases where REGIONB is 05, a valid Census Division, but the core data indicate that R is foreign-born (RABPLACE=11). For these cases we leave RABPLACE as coded in the core data, i.e., as foreign-born. Note that a code of 5 typically means No in the HRS. We compare RABPLACE to the USBORN variable on the Tracker file and code the results in RABPLACF. There are cases where USBORN indicates that R was born in the U.S. but the birth place given in the core data and Region file is coded foreign-born. There are also cases where USBORN indicates that

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

206

R was born outside the U.S., but the core and Region file indicate a U.S. Census Division. In these cases we use the birth place coded in the core data but indicate the discrepancy in RABPLACF. The spouse's variable SwBPLACE is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported birthplace, i.e., from the Wave 'w' spouse's RABPLACE.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The first time a respondent is interviewed, the HRS survey asks where he/she was born. Those born in the U.S. are asked which state and those born outside the U.S. are asked which country. In the public use data files, there is one variable which codes whether the respondent is U.S.-born and another in which the state or country of birth is masked, that is, recoded to one variable indicating the Census Region of birth, with a code for non-U.S. birthplaces. In Wave 2A of AHEAD, only the first variable, whether R is U.S.-born, is available. In all other waves the Census Region is also available. There is also a variable available from the HRS Region file (REGIONB). The Tracker file also carries a variable based on whether R reports being born in the U.S. (USBORN).

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V205 AHEAD 1993: B117 HRS 1994: W216 AHEAD 1995: D639 D640M HRS 1996: E639 E640M HRS 1998: F971 F972M HRS 2000: G1060 G1061M HRS 2002: HB002 HB003M HRS 2004: JB002 JB003M HRS 2006: KB002 KB003M HRS 2008: LB002 LB003M Tracker: USBORN Region: REGIONB

A2AB:WHERE BORN A2. BORN US? A12a/b. State/Country of Birth A2.BORN US? A2A. REGION - US BORN A2.BORN US? A2A. REGION - US BORN A2.BORN US? A2A.REGION - US BORN A2.BORN US? A2A.REGION - US BORN BORN IN US STATE BORN - MASKED BORN IN US STATE BORN - MASKED BORN IN US STATE BORN - MASKED BORN IN US STATE BORN - MASKED BORN IN THE U.S. REGION OF BIRTH

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

207

Parental mortality: Mother Alive Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MOMLIV R2MOMLIV R3MOMLIV R4MOMLIV R5MOMLIV R6MOMLIV R7MOMLIV R8MOMLIV R9MOMLIV

R1MOMLIV:W1 R2MOMLIV:W2 R3MOMLIV:W3 R4MOMLIV:W4 R5MOMLIV:W5 R6MOMLIV:W6 R7MOMLIV:W7 R8MOMLIV:W8 R9MOMLIV:W9

Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother

alive alive alive alive alive alive alive alive alive

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MOMLIV S2MOMLIV S3MOMLIV S4MOMLIV S5MOMLIV S6MOMLIV S7MOMLIV S8MOMLIV S9MOMLIV

S1MOMLIV:W1 S2MOMLIV:W2 S3MOMLIV:W3 S4MOMLIV:W4 S5MOMLIV:W5 S6MOMLIV:W6 S7MOMLIV:W7 S8MOMLIV:W8 S9MOMLIV:W9

Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother

alive alive alive alive alive alive alive alive alive

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MOMLIV R2MOMLIV R3MOMLIV R4MOMLIV R5MOMLIV R6MOMLIV R7MOMLIV R8MOMLIV R9MOMLIV

12483 19494 17769 21065 19175 17789 19767 18137 16915

0.435 0.238 0.212 0.222 0.194 0.171 0.219 0.192 0.171

0.496 0.426 0.409 0.416 0.396 0.376 0.413 0.394 0.376

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1MOMLIV S2MOMLIV S3MOMLIV S4MOMLIV S5MOMLIV S6MOMLIV S7MOMLIV S8MOMLIV S9MOMLIV

10119 13297 11930 14019 12444 11143 12512 11240 10162

0.441 0.284 0.253 0.264 0.234 0.207 0.262 0.234 0.210

0.497 0.451 0.435 0.441 0.424 0.405 0.440 0.424 0.407

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1MOMLIV R2MOMLIV R3MOMLIV R4MOMLIV R5MOMLIV R6MOMLIV R7MOMLIV R8MOMLIV R9MOMLIV .D=DK/NA | 26 9 11 15 14 12 19 15 12 .M=Oth missing | 143 139 209 297 389 360 342 316 290 .R=RF | 2 7 1 6 1 1 0.no | 7051 14848 13998 16388 15452 14753 15444 14660 14027 1.yes | 5432 4646 3771 4677 3723 3036 4323 3477 2888 Value-------------------------|S1MOMLIV S2MOMLIV S3MOMLIV S4MOMLIV S5MOMLIV S6MOMLIV S7MOMLIV S8MOMLIV S9MOMLIV

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

.D=DK/NA .M=Oth missing .R=RF .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.no 1.yes

| | | | | | |

208

22 138

7 368 5970

13 387 3 5658

14 475 7 6869

12 584 1 6538

2373 5652 4467

9523 3774

8909 3021

10311 3708

9527 2917

8 593 5 6306 112 8833 2310

15 602 6777 223 9236 3276

8 642 1 6417 161 8606 2634

9 633 6206 207 8027 2135

How Constructed: These variables are taken from the Family section. For Waves 1 and 2H, the derivation uses preprocessed variables that assign parent and in-law information to respondents. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5, the derivation uses household-level data, taking into account whether the respondent is the Family Respondent or not. If R is the Family Respondent, then parent data are assigned to the respondent's parent variables and parent-in-law data are assigned to the spouse's parent variables. If R is not the Family Respondent, then parent-in-law data are assigned to the respondent's parent variables and parent data are assigned to the respondent's parent-in-law variables. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, parent data are collected from respondents about their own parents. Information about parents-in-law is assigned from the spouse's report on his/her own parents. RwMOMLIV is assigned R's mother's mortality and SwMOMLIV is assigned R's mother-in-law's mortality. If the parent is alive then the derived mortality status is set to 1, if deceased to 0. If the respondent is unmarried, SwMOMLIV is assigned a .U missing value. In waves where respondents only report on their own parents, SwMOMLIV is assigned a .V missing value when the spouse did not provide an interview. If a parent is reported deceased at an interview and parent mortality is missing at a subsequent interview, the death is carried forward. If a parent is reported alive at an interview and the parent's mortality is missing at a prior interview, the living status is carried back. When carrying data forward or back for in-laws, the spouse ids are compared to ensure that the information is for the same spouse. See Section H. Family Structure for other family variables, including Number of Living Parents (RwLIVPAR).

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Information about parent mortality and age is reported in the Family Section at each interview. In Waves 1, 2H, 3H, 4, and 5, the designated Family Respondent answers all questions about parents and parents-in-law in a couple household. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, each respondent answers the questions about his/her own parents. In Waves 1 and 2H, the raw HRS data provides parent data in separate modules with observations by parent. In Wave 2H there may be multiple observations per parent. The modules may include information on up to 4 parents per household with the Family Respondent's parents and in-laws. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, the raw data provide parent data in respondent level variables with one observation per respondent. In Waves 3H, 4 and 5 the raw HRS data provide parent data in household level variables with one observation per household holding information on up to four parents. Preprocessing of Wave 1 and 2H data collapses the parent-level observations to each respondent as a set of 4 variables for each measure pertaining to the R's mother, father, mother-in-law, and father-in-law. The process takes into account whether R is the Family Respondent or not. For Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward each respondent provides information about their own mother and father, regardless of who the Family Respondent is. Information about parents-in-law is based on the spouse's responses. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5 the assignment of parent data is adjusted to account for R's Family Respondent status. In Wave 1 the question is: "Is [your, your spouse/partner's] [mother, father] living now?". At subsequent interviews the question is: "Is [your, your spouse/partner's] [mother, father] still living?". This question is skipped if preloaded information indicates that R reported that the parent had died at a previous interview.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

209

From Wave 7 forward, the answer is set to "Yes" without asking the question if the parent is a resident in the respondent’s household.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V8203PM V8203RM AHEAD 1993: B565 HRS 1994: W8201PM W8201RM W950 W954 W958 W960 AHEAD 1995: D1613 HRS 1996: E1557_1 E1557_2 E1557_2A HRS 1998: F1906 F2068 HRS 2000: G2122 G2309 G658 HRS 2002: HF001 HRS 2004: JF001 HRS 2006: KF001 HRS 2008: LF001 Tracker: AFAMR APPN BPPN CFAMR CPPN DPPN EFAMR EPPN FFAMR FPPN GFAMR GPPN HPPN JPPN KPPN LPPN

PARS:ALIVE NOW? /Sp-Prtnr Mom PARS:ALIVE NOW? /Own Mom D60. MOTHER LIVING Parent still living? /P Mom Parent still living? /R Mom E: R Mother Alive Now E: S/P Mother Alive Now EE: R Mother Alive Now EE: S/P Mother Alive Now D90.MOTHER LIVING D90.MOTHER LIVING D90.MOTHER-IN-LAW LIVING D90.MOTHER-IN-LAW LIVING-CORRECTED D90.MOTHER LIVING D90-2.MOTHER-IN-LAW LIVING D90.MOTHER LIVING D90-2.MOTHER-IN-LAW LIVING CS15Y63.SAME SPOUSE AS LAST WAVE MOTHER ALIVE MOTHER ALIVE MOTHER ALIVE MOTHER ALIVE 1992 1992 1993 1994 1994 1995 1996 1996 1998 1998 2000 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER

RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

210

Parental mortality: Father Alive Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DADLIV R2DADLIV R3DADLIV R4DADLIV R5DADLIV R6DADLIV R7DADLIV R8DADLIV R9DADLIV

R1DADLIV:W1 R2DADLIV:W2 R3DADLIV:W3 R4DADLIV:W4 R5DADLIV:W5 R6DADLIV:W6 R7DADLIV:W7 R8DADLIV:W8 R9DADLIV:W9

Father Father Father Father Father Father Father Father Father

alive alive alive alive alive alive alive alive alive

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DADLIV S2DADLIV S3DADLIV S4DADLIV S5DADLIV S6DADLIV S7DADLIV S8DADLIV S9DADLIV

S1DADLIV:W1 S2DADLIV:W2 S3DADLIV:W3 S4DADLIV:W4 S5DADLIV:W5 S6DADLIV:W6 S7DADLIV:W7 S8DADLIV:W8 S9DADLIV:W9

Father Father Father Father Father Father Father Father Father

alive alive alive alive alive alive alive alive alive

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1DADLIV R2DADLIV R3DADLIV R4DADLIV R5DADLIV R6DADLIV R7DADLIV R8DADLIV R9DADLIV

12311 19451 17761 20988 19301 17927 19874 18244 17000

0.186 0.093 0.077 0.089 0.078 0.065 0.098 0.082 0.071

0.389 0.290 0.267 0.285 0.268 0.246 0.298 0.275 0.256

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1DADLIV S2DADLIV S3DADLIV S4DADLIV S5DADLIV S6DADLIV S7DADLIV S8DADLIV S9DADLIV

9989 13254 11890 13898 12469 11153 12484 11207 10137

0.194 0.114 0.095 0.113 0.101 0.085 0.124 0.106 0.092

0.395 0.317 0.294 0.316 0.301 0.279 0.330 0.308 0.289

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1DADLIV R2DADLIV R3DADLIV R4DADLIV R5DADLIV R6DADLIV R7DADLIV R8DADLIV R9DADLIV .D=DK/NA | 169 58 40 67 45 28 57 46 46 .M=Oth missing | 172 132 188 323 232 206 198 178 171 .R=RF | 1 2 6 1 6 1 0.no | 10019 17642 16393 19112 17800 16766 17923 16740 15797 1.yes | 2292 1809 1368 1876 1501 1161 1951 1504 1203 Value-------------------------|S1DADLIV S2DADLIV S3DADLIV S4DADLIV S5DADLIV S6DADLIV S7DADLIV S8DADLIV S9DADLIV

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

.D=DK/NA .M=Oth missing .R=RF .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.no 1.yes

| | | | | | |

122 168

211

2373

42 375 1 5970

35 403 5 5658

55 553 9 6869

36 534 2 6538

8055 1934

11747 1507

10756 1134

12333 1565

11209 1260

17 582 6 6306 103 10207 946

32 609 6777 227 10935 1549

26 665 1 6417 153 10015 1192

30 672 6206 172 9206 931

How Constructed: These variables are taken from the Family section. For Waves 1 and 2H, the derivation uses preprocessed variables that assign parent and in-law information to respondents. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5, the derivation uses household-level data, taking into account whether the respondent is the Family Respondent or not. If R is the Family Respondent, then parent data are assigned to the respondent's parent variables and parent-in-law data are assigned to the spouse's parent variables. If R is not the Family Respondent, then parent-in-law data are assigned to the respondent's parent variables and parent data are assigned to the respondent's parent-in-law variables. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, parent data are collected from respondents about their own parents. Information about parents-in-law is assigned from the spouse's report on his/her own parents. RwDADLIV is assigned R's father's mortality and SwDADLIV is assigned R's father-in-law's mortality. If the parent is alive then the derived mortality status is set to 1, if deceased to 0. If the respondent is unmarried, SwDADLIV is assigned a .U missing value. In waves where respondents only report on their own parents, SwDADLIV is assigned a .V missing value when the spouse did not provide an interview. If a parent is reported deceased at an interview and parent mortality is missing at a subsequent interview, the death is carried forward. If a parent is reported alive at an interview and the parent's mortality is missing at a prior interview, the living status is carried back. When carrying data forward or back for in-laws, the spouse ids are compared to ensure that the information is for the same spouse. See Section H. Family Structure for other family variables, including Number of Living Parents (RwLIVPAR).

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Information about parent mortality and age is reported in the Family Section at each interview. In Waves 1, 2H, 3H, 4, and 5, the designated Family Respondent answers all questions about parents and parents-in-law in a couple household. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, each respondent answers the questions about his/her own parents. In Waves 1 and 2H, the raw HRS data provides parent data in separate modules with observations by parent. In Wave 2H there may be multiple observations per parent. The modules may include information on up to 4 parents per household with the Family Respondent's parents and in-laws. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, the raw data provide parent data in respondent level variables with one observation per respondent. In Waves 3H, 4 and 5 the raw HRS data provide parent data in household level variables with one observation per household holding information on up to four parents. Preprocessing of Wave 1 and 2H data collapses the parent-level observations to each respondent as a set of 4 variables for each measure pertaining to the R's mother, father, mother-in-law, and father-in-law. The process takes into account whether R is the Family Respondent or not. For Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, each respondent provides information about their own mother and father, regardless of who the Family Respondent is. Information about parents-in-law is based on the spouse's responses. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5 the assignment of parent data is adjusted to account for R's Family Respondent status. In Wave 1 the question is: "Is [your, your spouse/partner's] [mother, father] living now?". At subsequent interviews the question is: "Is [your, your spouse/partner's] [mother, father] still living?". This question is skipped if preloaded information indicates that R reported that the parent had died at a previous interview.

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

212

From Wave 7 forward, the answer is set to "Yes" without asking the question if the parent is a resident in the respondent’s household.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V8203PF V8203RF AHEAD 1993: B576 HRS 1994: W8201PF W8201RF W951 W955 W959 W961 AHEAD 1995: D1621 HRS 1996: E1566_1 E1566_2 E1566_2A HRS 1998: F1916 F2078 HRS 2000: G2132 G2319 HRS 2002: HF011 HRS 2004: JF011 HRS 2006: KF011 HRS 2008: LF011 Tracker: AFAMR APPN BPPN CFAMR CPPN DPPN EFAMR EPPN FFAMR FPPN GFAMR GPPN HPPN JPPN KPPN LPPN

PARS:ALIVE NOW? /Sp-Prtnr Dad PARS:ALIVE NOW? /Own Dad D62. FATHER LIVING Parent still living? /P Dad Parent still living? /R Dad E: R Father Alive Now E: S/P Father Alive Now EE: R Father Alive Now EE: S/P Father Alive Now D92.FATHER LIVING D93.FATHER LIVING D93.FATHER-IN-LAW LIVING D93.FATHER-IN-LAW LIVING-CORRECTED D93.FATHER LIVING D93-2.FATHER-IN-LAW LIVING D93.FATHER LIVING D93-2.FATHER-IN-LAW LIVING FATHER ALIVE FATHER ALIVE FATHER ALIVE FATHER ALIVE 1992 1992 1993 1994 1994 1995 1996 1996 1998 1998 2000 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER

RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

213

Parental mortality: Mother's current age or age at death Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MOMAGE R2MOMAGE R3MOMAGE R4MOMAGE R5MOMAGE R6MOMAGE R7MOMAGE R8MOMAGE R9MOMAGE

R1MOMAGE:W1 R2MOMAGE:W2 R3MOMAGE:W3 R4MOMAGE:W4 R5MOMAGE:W5 R6MOMAGE:W6 R7MOMAGE:W7 R8MOMAGE:W8 R9MOMAGE:W9

Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother

age age age age age age age age age

current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at

death death death death death death death death death

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MOMAGE S2MOMAGE S3MOMAGE S4MOMAGE S5MOMAGE S6MOMAGE S7MOMAGE S8MOMAGE S9MOMAGE

S1MOMAGE:W1 S2MOMAGE:W2 S3MOMAGE:W3 S4MOMAGE:W4 S5MOMAGE:W5 S6MOMAGE:W6 S7MOMAGE:W7 S8MOMAGE:W8 S9MOMAGE:W9

Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother Mother

age age age age age age age age age

current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at

death death death death death death death death death

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MOMAGE R2MOMAGE R3MOMAGE R4MOMAGE R5MOMAGE R6MOMAGE R7MOMAGE R8MOMAGE R9MOMAGE

12482 18876 17306 20469 18668 17377 19372 17802 16634

72.528 73.557 74.086 74.623 74.986 75.363 75.231 75.754 76.191

13.201 15.114 15.229 14.926 15.083 15.179 14.721 14.818 14.858

16.000 16.000 16.000 15.000 15.000 16.000 16.000 16.000 16.000

95.000 110.000 110.000 113.000 113.000 110.000 113.000 113.000 113.000

S1MOMAGE S2MOMAGE S3MOMAGE S4MOMAGE S5MOMAGE S6MOMAGE S7MOMAGE S8MOMAGE S9MOMAGE

10115 12990 11700 13593 12041 10799 12175 10916 9860

72.617 73.800 74.428 74.857 75.212 75.835 75.580 76.195 76.685

13.030 14.519 14.605 14.353 14.523 14.549 14.068 14.199 14.255

17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 17.000 16.000 16.000 16.000

95.000 110.000 110.000 113.000 113.000 110.000 113.000 110.000 110.000

How Constructed: These variables are taken from the Family section. For Waves 1 and 2H, the derivation uses preprocessed variables that assign parent and in-law information to respondents. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5, the derivation uses household-level data, taking into account whether the respondent is the Family Respondent or not. If R is the Family Respondent, then parent data are assigned to the respondent's parent variables and parent-in-law data are assigned to the spouse's parent variables. If R is not the Family Respondent, then parent-in-law data are assigned to the respondent's parent variables and parent data are assigned to the respondent's parent-in-law variables. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, parent data are collected from respondents about their own

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

parents. parents.

214

Information about parents-in-law is assigned from the spouse's report on his/her own

RwMOMAGE is assigned R's mother's current age if living or age at death if deceased and SwMOMAGE is assigned R's mother-in-law's current age or age at death. If the respondent is unmarried, SwMOMAGE is assigned a .U missing value. In waves where respondents only report on their own parents, SwMOMAGE is assigned a .V missing value when the spouse did not provide an interview. If a parent is reported deceased at an interview and parent age is missing at a subsequent interview, the parent age at death is carried forward. If a parent is reported alive at an interview and the parent's age is missing at a prior or subsequent interview at which the parent is alive, the age is carried forward or back with an appropriate adjustment for years. When carrying data forward or back for in-laws, the spouse ids are compared to ensure that the information is for the same spouse. See Section H. Family Structure for other family variables, including Number of Living Parents (RwLIVPAR).

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Information about parent mortality and age is reported in the Family Section at each interview. In Waves 1, 2H, 3H, 4, and 5, the designated Family Respondent answers all questions about parents and parents-in-law in a couple household. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, each respondent answers the questions about his/her own parents. In Waves 1 and 2H, the raw HRS data provides parent data in separate modules with observations by parent. In Wave 2H there may be multiple observations per parent. The modules may include information on up to 4 parents per household with the Family Respondent's parents and in-laws. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, the raw data provide parent data in respondent level variables with one observation per respondent. In Waves 3H, 4 and 5 the raw HRS data provide parent data in household level variables with one observation per household holding information on up to four parents. Preprocessing of Wave 1 and 2H data collapses the parent-level observations to each respondent as a set of 4 variables for each measure pertaining to the R's mother, father, mother-in-law, and father-in-law. The process takes into account whether R is the Family Respondent or not. For Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, each respondent provides information about their own mother and father, regardless of who the Family Respondent is. Information about parents-in-law is based on the spouse's responses. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5 the assignment of parent data is adjusted to account for R's Family Respondent status. If a parent is living, a question asks how old the parent is. If the parent is deceased a question asks how old the parent was when he/she died. In Waves 1 and 2H the question wordings are: "How old is she/he?" and "How old was he/she when he/she died?" In Waves 2A and 3H and from Wave 4 forward, the wording is slightly different: "About how old is she/he?" and "About how old was he/she when he/she died?" These questions are skipped if preloaded information indicates that R reported the parent deceased at a previous interview. Unlike other waves, respondents in Wave 2A who either don't recall, or refuse to answer the question about their parents' age at death, enter into a sequence of two "bracket" questions ("Was he/she older than 65?"; and "Was he/she older than 85?"). The pattern of responses to these questions is captured in four special missing codes (.E = died before 65; .F = died between 65-85; and .G = died after 65+; and .H = died after age 85+).

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V8203PM V8203RM V8205PM V8205RM V8209PM

PARS:ALIVE NOW? /Sp-Prtnr Mom PARS:ALIVE NOW? /Own Mom PARS:AGE :IMP /Sp-Prtnr Mom PARS:AGE :IMP /Own Mom PARS:AGE WHEN DIED :IMP /Sp-Prtnr Mom

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

V8209RM AHEAD 1993: B566 B572 B573 B575 HRS 1994: W8201PM W8201RM W8202PM W8202RM W8206PM W8206RM W950 W954 W958 W960 AHEAD 1995: D1614 D1617 HRS 1996: E1558_1 E1558_2 E1561_1 E1561_2 E1666_1 E1666_1 E1666_2 E1666_2 HRS 1998: F1906 F1907 F1911 F2068 F2069 F2073 HRS 2000: G2122 G2123 G2127 G2309 G2310 G2314 HRS 2002: HF001 HF002 HF006 HRS 2004: JF001 JF002 JF006 HRS 2006: KF001 KF002 KF006 HRS 2008: LF001 LF002 LF006 Tracker: AFAMR APPN BPPN

PARS:AGE WHEN DIED D61a. D61c. D61d. D61e.

MOTHER MOTHER MOTHER MOTHER

:IMP /Own Mom

AGE AGE DIED AGE DIED DK 65+ AGE DIED DK 85+

Parent still living? /P Mom Parent still living? /R Mom Parent age /P Mom Parent age /R Mom Parent age at death /P Mom Parent age at death /R Mom E: R Mother Alive Now E: S/P Mother Alive Now EE: R Mother Alive Now EE: S/P Mother Alive Now D91A.MOTHER AGE D91D. AGE MOTHER DIED D91A.MOTHER AGE D91A.MOTHER-IN-LAW AGE D92A. AGE MOTHER DIED D92A. AGE MOTHER-IN-LAW DIED D145_.CKPT PARENTS ALIVE D145_.CKPT PARENTS ALIVE D145.CKPT PARENTS-IN-LAW ALIVE D145.CKPT PARENTS-IN-LAW ALIVE D90.MOTHER LIVING D91A.MOTHER AGE D92A. AGE MOTHER DIED D90-2.MOTHER-IN-LAW LIVING D91A-2.MOTHER-IN-LAW AGE D92A-2. AGE MOTHER-IN-LAW DIED D90.MOTHER LIVING D91A.MOTHER AGE D92A. AGE MOTHER DIED D90-2.MOTHER-IN-LAW LIVING D91A-2.MOTHER-IN-LAW AGE D92A-2. AGE MOTHER-IN-LAW DIED MOTHER ALIVE MOTHERS AGE AGE MOTHER DIED MOTHER ALIVE MOTHERS AGE AGE MOTHER DIED MOTHER ALIVE MOTHERS AGE AGE MOTHER DIED MOTHER ALIVE MOTHERS AGE AGE MOTHER DIED 1992 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 1992 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 1993 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER

215

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

CFAMR CPPN DPPN EFAMR EPPN FFAMR FPPN GFAMR GPPN HPPN JPPN KPPN LPPN

1994 1994 1995 1996 1996 1998 1998 2000 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER

RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER

216

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

217

Parental mortality: Father's current age or age at death Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DADAGE R2DADAGE R3DADAGE R4DADAGE R5DADAGE R6DADAGE R7DADAGE R8DADAGE R9DADAGE

R1DADAGE:W1 R2DADAGE:W2 R3DADAGE:W3 R4DADAGE:W4 R5DADAGE:W5 R6DADAGE:W6 R7DADAGE:W7 R8DADAGE:W8 R9DADAGE:W9

Father Father Father Father Father Father Father Father Father

age age age age age age age age age

current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at

death death death death death death death death death

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DADAGE S2DADAGE S3DADAGE S4DADAGE S5DADAGE S6DADAGE S7DADAGE S8DADAGE S9DADAGE

S1DADAGE:W1 S2DADAGE:W2 S3DADAGE:W3 S4DADAGE:W4 S5DADAGE:W5 S6DADAGE:W6 S7DADAGE:W7 S8DADAGE:W8 S9DADAGE:W9

Father Father Father Father Father Father Father Father Father

age age age age age age age age age

current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at current/at

death death death death death death death death death

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1DADAGE R2DADAGE R3DADAGE R4DADAGE R5DADAGE R6DADAGE R7DADAGE R8DADAGE R9DADAGE

12311 18542 17043 20006 18467 17214 19099 17567 16400

69.871 70.639 70.780 71.041 71.259 71.424 71.497 71.625 71.883

13.616 14.365 14.484 14.335 14.376 14.469 14.193 14.297 14.436

16.000 16.000 16.000 19.000 19.000 19.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

96.000 110.000 116.000 107.000 107.000 107.000 110.000 110.000 110.000

S1DADAGE S2DADAGE S3DADAGE S4DADAGE S5DADAGE S6DADAGE S7DADAGE S8DADAGE S9DADAGE

9987 12825 11526 13275 11957 10734 12027 10793 9771

70.031 70.604 70.775 71.082 71.388 71.597 71.775 72.000 72.241

13.438 14.116 14.243 14.110 14.141 14.257 13.962 14.047 14.225

16.000 16.000 16.000 19.000 19.000 19.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

95.000 105.000 116.000 106.000 106.000 106.000 110.000 110.000 110.000

How Constructed: These variables are taken from the Family section. For Waves 1 and 2H, the derivation uses preprocessed variables that assign parent and in-law information to respondents. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5, the derivation uses household-level data, taking into account whether the respondent is the Family Respondent or not. If R is the Family Respondent, then parent data are assigned to the respondent's parent variables and parent-in-law data are assigned to the spouse's parent variables. If R is not the Family Respondent, then parent-in-law data are assigned to the respondent's parent variables and parent data are assigned to the respondent's parent-in-law variables. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, parent data are collected from respondents about their own

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

parents. parents.

218

Information about parents-in-law is assigned from the spouse's report on his/her own

RwDADAGE is assigned R's father's current age if living or age at death if deceased and SwDADAGE is assigned R's father-in-law's current age or age at death. If the respondent is unmarried, SwDADAGE is assigned a .U missing value. In waves where respondents only report on their own parents, SwDADAGE is assigned a .V missing value when the spouse did not provide an interview. If a parent is reported deceased at an interview and parent age is missing at a subsequent interview, the parent age at death is carried forward. If a parent is reported alive at an interview and the parent's age is missing at a prior or subsequent interview at which the parent is alive, the age is carried forward or back with an appropriate adjustment for years. When carrying data forward or back for in-laws, the spouse ids are compared to ensure that the information is for the same spouse. See Section H. Family Structure for other family variables, including Number of Living Parents (RwLIVPAR).

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Information about parent mortality and age is reported in the Family Section at each interview. In Waves 1, 2H, 3H, 4, and 5, the designated Family Respondent answers all questions about parents and parents-in-law in a couple household. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, each respondent answers the questions about his/her own parents. In Waves 1 and 2H, the raw HRS data provides parent data in separate modules with observations by parent. In Wave 2H there may be multiple observations per parent. The modules may include information on up to 4 parents per household with the Family Respondent's parents and in-laws. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward,, the raw data provide parent data in respondent level variables with one observation per respondent. In Waves 3H, 4 and 5 the raw HRS data provide parent data in household level variables with one observation per household holding information on up to four parents. Preprocessing of Wave 1 and 2H data collapses the parent-level observations to each respondent as a set of 4 variables for each measure pertaining to the R's mother, father, mother-in-law, and father-in-law. The process takes into account whether R is the Family Respondent or not. For Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, each respondent provides information about their own mother and father, regardless of who the Family Respondent is. Information about parents-in-law is based on the spouse's responses. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5 the assignment of parent data is adjusted to account for R's Family Respondent status. If a parent is living, a question asks how old the parent is. If the parent is deceased a question asks how old the parent was when he/she died. In Waves 1 and 2H the question wordings are: "How old is she/he?" and "How old was he/she when he/she died?" In Waves 2A and 3H and from Wave 4 forward, the wording is slightly different: "About how old is she/he?" and "About how old was he/she when he/she died?" These questions are skipped if preloaded information indicates that R reported the parent deceased at a previous interview. Unlike other waves, respondents in Wave 2A who either don't recall, or refuse to answer the question about their parents' age at death, enter into a sequence of two "bracket" questions ("Was he/she older than 65?"; and "Was he/she older than 85?"). The pattern of responses to these questions is captured in four special missing codes (.E = died before 65; .F = died between 65-85; and .G = died after 65+; and .H = died after age 85+).

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V8203PF V8203RF V8205PF V8205RF V8209PF

PARS:ALIVE NOW? /Sp-Prtnr Dad PARS:ALIVE NOW? /Own Dad PARS:AGE :IMP /Sp-Prtnr Dad PARS:AGE :IMP /Own Dad PARS:AGE WHEN DIED :IMP /Sp-Prtnr Dad

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

V8209RF AHEAD 1993: B577 B583 B584 B586 HRS 1994: W8201PF W8201RF W8202PF W8202RF W8206PF W8206RF W951 W955 W959 W961 AHEAD 1995: D1622 D1629 HRS 1996: E1567_1 E1567_2 E1570_1 E1570_2 E1666_1 E1666_1 E1666_2 E1666_2 HRS 1998: F1916 F1917 F1921 F2078 F2079 F2083 HRS 2000: G2132 G2133 G2137 G2319 G2319 G2324 HRS 2002: HF011 HF012 HF016 HRS 2004: JF011 JF012 JF016 HRS 2006: KF011 KF012 KF016 HRS 2008: LF011 LF012 LF016 Tracker: AFAMR APPN BPPN

PARS:AGE WHEN DIED D63a. D63c. D63d. D63e.

FATHER FATHER FATHER FATHER

:IMP /Own Dad

AGE AGE DIED AGE DIED DK 65+ AGE DIED DK 85+

Parent still living? /P Dad Parent still living? /R Dad Parent age /P Dad Parent age /R Dad Parent age at death /P Dad Parent age at death /R Dad E: R Father Alive Now E: S/P Father Alive Now EE: R Father Alive Now EE: S/P Father Alive Now D93A.FATHER AGE D93C.FATHER AGE DIED D94A.FATHER AGE D94A.FATHER-IN-LAW AGE D95A.FATHER AGE DIED D95A.FATHER-IN-LAW AGE DIED D145_.CKPT PARENTS ALIVE D145_.CKPT PARENTS ALIVE D145.CKPT PARENTS-IN-LAW ALIVE D145.CKPT PARENTS-IN-LAW ALIVE D93.FATHER LIVING D94A.FATHER AGE D95A.FATHER AGE DIED D93-2.FATHER-IN-LAW LIVING D94A-2.FATHER-IN-LAW AGE D95A-2.FATHER-IN-LAW AGE DIED D93.FATHER LIVING D94A.FATHER AGE D95A.FATHER AGE DIED D93-2.FATHER-IN-LAW LIVING D93-2.FATHER-IN-LAW LIVING D95A-2.FATHER-IN-LAW AGE DIED FATHER ALIVE FATHER AGE AGE FATHER DIED FATHER ALIVE FATHER AGE AGE FATHER DIED FATHER ALIVE FATHER AGE AGE FATHER DIED FATHER ALIVE FATHER AGE AGE FATHER DIED 1992 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 1992 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER 1993 SPOUSE-PARTNER PERSON NUMBER

219

Section A: Demographics, Identifiers, and Weights

CFAMR CPPN DPPN EFAMR EPPN FFAMR FPPN GFAMR GPPN HPPN JPPN KPPN LPPN

1994 1994 1995 1996 1996 1998 1998 2000 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER WHETHER FAMILY SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER SPOUSE-PARTNER

RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER RESPONDENT PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER

220

Section B: Health

221

Section B: Health

Section B: Health

222

Self-report of health Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1SHLT R2SHLT R3SHLT R4SHLT R5SHLT R6SHLT R7SHLT R8SHLT R9SHLT

R1SHLT:W1 R2SHLT:W2 R3SHLT:W3 R4SHLT:W4 R5SHLT:W5 R6SHLT:W6 R7SHLT:W7 R8SHLT:W8 R9SHLT:W9

Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report

of of of of of of of of of

health health health health health health health health health

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1SHLT S2SHLT S3SHLT S4SHLT S5SHLT S6SHLT S7SHLT S8SHLT S9SHLT

S1SHLT:W1 S2SHLT:W2 S3SHLT:W3 S4SHLT:W4 S5SHLT:W5 S6SHLT:W6 S7SHLT:W7 S8SHLT:W8 S9SHLT:W9

Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report

of of of of of of of of of

health health health health health health health health health

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1SHLT R2SHLT R3SHLT R4SHLT R5SHLT R6SHLT R7SHLT R8SHLT R9SHLT

12652 19632 17984 21378 19571 18156 20112 18444 17203

2.584 2.813 2.790 2.922 2.837 2.877 2.883 2.884 2.937

1.205 1.192 1.176 1.177 1.156 1.133 1.142 1.132 1.109

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S1SHLT S2SHLT S3SHLT S4SHLT S5SHLT S6SHLT S7SHLT S8SHLT S9SHLT

9900 13084 11911 13973 12726 11639 12962 11723 10640

2.513 2.705 2.689 2.819 2.732 2.751 2.767 2.760 2.825

1.173 1.163 1.149 1.151 1.129 1.104 1.119 1.111 1.080

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 1. Excellent | 2. Very good | 3. Good | 4. Fair |

R1SHLT

2807 3481 3544 1807

R2SHLT 8 2 2982 5241 5812 3660

R3SHLT 3 2 2 2664 5078 5262 3325

R4SHLT 6

R5SHLT 7

R6SHLT 8

R7SHLT 13

2633 5467 6541 4400

1 2473 5652 5903 3681

3 2050 5081 5739 3616

4 2363 5476 6280 4135

R8SHLT 23 1 1 2032 5261 5623 3874

R9SHLT 11 3 1550 4881 5514 3625

Section B: Health

5. Poor

223

|

1013

1937

1655

2337

1862

1670

1858

1654

1633

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1. Excellent | 2. Very good | 3. Good | 4. Fair | 5. Poor |

S1SHLT

S2SHLT 3

S3SHLT 2 2

S4SHLT 5

S5SHLT 4

S6SHLT 2

S7SHLT 7

S8SHLT 12

S9SHLT 5

5658 418 1926 3618 3487 1990 890

6869 537 1871 3887 4360 2606 1249

6538 311 1769 3984 3842 2147 984

6306 220 1499 3581 3700 2037 822

3 6777 380 1718 3857 4080 2339 968

6417 317 1502 3627 3612 2144 838

1 6206 365 1076 3276 3516 1978 794

2373 379 2293 2848 2809 1287 663

1 5970 584 2166 3819 3844 2225 1030

How Constructed: RwSHLT is the respondent's self-reported general health status. Codes range from 1 for Excellent to 5 for Poor. SwSHLT is the respondent's spouse or partner's self-reported general health status. RwSHLT is assigned the value of the raw variable except that missing values for don't know, refused, and other missings are recoded to .D, .R, and .M, respectively. RwSHLT and SwSHLT are used in contruction of a change in health variable RwSHLTC. Please see "Change in Health" for a description of these measures. The SwSHLT variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported RwSHLT variables.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1 values for self-reported health status are imputed by HRS if missing. are used. From Wave 2 forward, values are not imputed by HRS.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V301 AHEAD 1993: B204 HRS 1994: W301 AHEAD 1995: D769 HRS 1996: E769 HRS 1998: F1097 HRS 2000: G1226 HRS 2002: HC001 HRS 2004: JC001 HRS 2006: KC001 HRS 2008: LC001

B1:RATE CURRENT HEAL:IMP B1. RATE HEALTH B1.RATE CURRENT HEALTH B1. RATE HEALTH B1. RATE HEALTH B1. RATE HEALTH B1. RATE HEALTH RATE HEALTH RATE HEALTH RATE HEALTH RATE HEALTH

These imputations

Section B: Health

224

Self-report of health change Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HLTC R2HLTC R3HLTC R4HLTC R5HLTC R6HLTC R7HLTC R8HLTC R9HLTC

R1HLTC:W1 R2HLTC:W2 R3HLTC:W3 R4HLTC:W4 R5HLTC:W5 R6HLTC:W6 R7HLTC:W7 R8HLTC:W8 R9HLTC:W9

Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report

of of of of of of of of of

health health health health health health health health health

change change change change change change change change change

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HLTC S2HLTC S3HLTC S4HLTC S5HLTC S6HLTC S7HLTC S8HLTC S9HLTC

S1HLTC:W1 S2HLTC:W2 S3HLTC:W3 S4HLTC:W4 S5HLTC:W5 S6HLTC:W6 S7HLTC:W7 S8HLTC:W8 S9HLTC:W9

Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report Self-report

of of of of of of of of of

health health health health health health health health health

change change change change change change change change change

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3HLTCF R4HLTCF R5HLTCF R6HLTCF R7HLTCF R8HLTCF R9HLTCF

R3HLTCF:W3 R4HLTCF:W4 R5HLTCF:W5 R6HLTCF:W6 R7HLTCF:W7 R8HLTCF:W8 R9HLTCF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

self-report self-report self-report self-report self-report self-report self-report

of of of of of of of

hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3HLTCF S4HLTCF S5HLTCF S6HLTCF S7HLTCF S8HLTCF S9HLTCF

S3HLTCF:W3 S4HLTCF:W4 S5HLTCF:W5 S6HLTCF:W6 S7HLTCF:W7 S8HLTCF:W8 S9HLTCF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

self-report self-report self-report self-report self-report self-report self-report

of of of of of of of

hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1HLTC R2HLTC R3HLTC R4HLTC R5HLTC R6HLTC R7HLTC R8HLTC R9HLTC

12651 19631 17786 16284 19300 17921 16642 18236 17053

2.939 3.097 3.157 3.227 3.187 3.222 3.186 3.170 3.175

0.728 0.943 0.813 0.825 0.803 0.803 0.594 0.590 0.588

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1HLTC S2HLTC S3HLTC

9899 13080 11735

2.922 3.066 3.126

0.702 0.863 0.781

1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000

Section B: Health

225

S4HLTC S5HLTC S6HLTC S7HLTC S8HLTC S9HLTC

10469 12476 11417 10477 11525 10496

3.185 3.155 3.171 3.161 3.142 3.146

0.792 0.772 0.764 0.578 0.574 0.570

1.000 1.000 1.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R3HLTCF R4HLTCF R5HLTCF R6HLTCF R7HLTCF R8HLTCF R9HLTCF

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.104 2.147 0.129 0.123 2.200 0.858 0.831

0.956 3.835 1.068 1.041 3.237 1.332 1.254

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S3HLTCF S4HLTCF S5HLTCF S6HLTCF S7HLTCF S8HLTCF S9HLTCF

11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.136 2.259 0.181 0.174 2.312 0.847 0.810

1.098 3.903 1.259 1.237 3.376 1.451 1.361

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prv IW | .R=RF | 1. Much better | 2. Somewhat better | 3. Same | 4. Somewhat worse | 5. Much worse |

R1HLTC

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prv IW | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1. Much better | 2. Somewhat better | 3. Same | 4. Somewhat worse | 5. Much worse |

S1HLTC

R6HLTC 12 6 227 1 686 905 11344 3715 1271

R7HLTC 10 5 3471 1

R8HLTC 16 7 207 3

R9HLTC 20

642 895 10169 3281 1297

R5HLTC 8 5 265 1 802 1060 12438 3718 1282

1675 10195 4772

1887 11364 4985

1712 10640 4701

S3HLTC 1 2 175 2 5658 418 524 713 7900 1955 643

S4HLTC 3 3 3503

S5HLTC 3 4 247 6538 311 517 677 8301 2312 669

S7HLTC 5 5 2484 1 6777 380

S8HLTC 5 6 198 1 6417 317

S9HLTC 10

6869 537 411 576 6831 1966 685

S6HLTC 7 6 210 1 6306 220 441 585 7580 2199 612

1043 6707 2727

1197 7500 2828

1051 6861 2584

Value-------------------------| 0.No missing | 1.F1=.,filled frm F2 | 2.F2=.,set to somewhat | 9.Both missing |

R3HLTCF 17776 1 9 205

R4HLTCF 16278

R5HLTCF 19288

R6HLTCF 17910

R7HLTCF 10195

R8HLTCF 11364

R9HLTCF 10640

6 5100

12 279

11 246

6447 3487

6872 233

6413 164

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No missing | 1.F1=.,filled frm F2 | 2.F2=.,set to somewhat | 9.Both missing |

S3HLTCF 5658 418 11733 1 1 180

S4HLTCF 6869 537 10468

S5HLTCF 6538 311 12469

S6HLTCF 6306 220 11410

S7HLTCF 6777 380 6707

S8HLTCF 6417 317 7500

S9HLTCF 6206 365 6861

1 3509

7 254

7 224

3770 2495

4025 210

3635 150

How Constructed:

R2HLTC 7

1

714 1276 9072 1248 341

4 1558 1008 13236 1634 2195 S2HLTC 5

1

2373 379 544 1011 7234 895 215

3 5970 584 870 765 9176 1172 1097

R3HLTC 4 2 196 3 824 1040 11620 3120 1182

R4HLTC 7 3 5090

143 1

139 1 6206 365

Section B: Health

226

RwHLTC is the respondent's self-reported change in health since the last interview or in the last two years. SwHLTC is the respondent's spouse or partner's self-reported change in health. In Waves 1 and 2 RwHLTC is derived directly from the raw variables, with missing values recoded. For subsequent waves the question is asked in two parts, one for whether the respondent's health is better or worse, and a follow-up question reveals how much better or worse. The derivation combines the lead-in and follow-up questions to arrive at the same 5-point scale used in the single Wave 1 and 2 questions. A few cases are missing values for one of the questions. If the follow-up question is not missing, its answer is used. If the lead-in question is answered but the follow-up is missing, 'somewhat' was assumed and these cases are flagged in the RwHLTCF and SwHLTCF variables. Most cases that answer both questions give 'somewhat' as the follow-up answer. From Wave 7 forward, the follow-up questions have been dropped, and R is asked only if health is better, about the same or worse since the last interview. Please see also the calculated change in self-reported health variable (RwSHLTC) described later in this section. Note that RwHLTC asks the respondent to assess retrospectively how his/her health has changed since the last interview while RwSHLTC compares measures of self-reported current health from the two time points. The SwHLTC variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported RwHLTC variables.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, the question asks R to compare his/her health to that of 1 year ago. The question asks R to rate change in health into 5 categories: much better, somewhat better, about the same, somewhat worse and much worse. In Wave 2H, the question asks R to compare his/her health to that of 2 years ago or Wave 1 interview. The question uses the same 5-category ratings as Wave 1. The question is skipped for interviews by proxy for deceased respondents. In Wave 2A, the question asks R to compare his/her health to that of 1 years ago. The question uses 3-category ratings: better, about the same and worse. The question is asked for all respondents. From Wave 3 forward, the question is only asked of those who had a prior interview and asks R to compare his/her health to that at the last interview. It is asked in two parts. The first question asks R if health is better, about the same or worse since the last interview. If R responds better, a followup question asks whether it is much better or somewhat better. Similarly if R responds worse, the follow-up asks whether it is much worse or somewhat worse. From Wave 7 forward, the follow-up questions have been dropped, and R is asked only if health is better, about the same or worse since the last interview.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V302 AHEAD 1993: B208 HRS 1994: W302 AHEAD 1995: D772 D776 D777 HRS 1996: E772 E776 E777 HRS 1998:

B2:HEALTH:NOW, 1 YR :IMP B2. RATE HEALTH PAST B2.HEALTH NOW VERSUS 2 Y B1A.RATE HEALTH PAST B1B.RATE BETTER B1C.RATE WORSE B1A.RATE HEALTH PAST B1B.RATE BETTER B1C.RATE WORSE

Section B: Health

HRS

HRS

HRS HRS HRS

F1100 F1104 F1105 2000: G1229 G1233 G1234 2002: HC002 HC003 HC004 2004: JC002 2006: KC002 2008: LC002

B1A.RATE HEALTH PAST B1B.RATE BETTER B1C.RATE WORSE B1A.RATE HEALTH PAST B1B.RATE BETTER B1C.RATE WORSE COMPARE HEALTH TO PREVIOUS WAVE HEALTH BETTER-DEGREE HEALTH WORSE-DEGREE COMPARE HEALTH TO PREVIOUS WAVE COMPARE HEALTH TO PREVIOUS WAVE COMPARE HEALTH TO PREVIOUS WAVE

227

Section B: Health

228

Medical care utilization: Hospital Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HOSP R2HOSP R3HOSP R4HOSP R5HOSP R6HOSP R7HOSP R8HOSP R9HOSP

R1HOSP:W1 R2HOSP:W2 R3HOSP:W3 R4HOSP:W4 R5HOSP:W5 R6HOSP:W6 R7HOSP:W7 R8HOSP:W8 R9HOSP:W9

Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital

stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

12 mos 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HOSP S2HOSP S3HOSP S4HOSP S5HOSP S6HOSP S7HOSP S8HOSP S9HOSP

S1HOSP:W1 S2HOSP:W2 S3HOSP:W3 S4HOSP:W4 S5HOSP:W5 S6HOSP:W6 S7HOSP:W7 S8HOSP:W8 S9HOSP:W9

Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital Hospital

stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

12 mos 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HSPTIM R2HSPTIM R3HSPTIM R4HSPTIM R5HSPTIM R6HSPTIM R7HSPTIM R8HSPTIM R9HSPTIM

R1HSPTIM:W1 R2HSPTIM:W2 R3HSPTIM:W3 R4HSPTIM:W4 R5HSPTIM:W5 R6HSPTIM:W6 R7HSPTIM:W7 R8HSPTIM:W8 R9HSPTIM:W9

# # # # # # # # #

Hospitl stys, prv 12 mos Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HSPTIM S2HSPTIM S3HSPTIM S4HSPTIM S5HSPTIM S6HSPTIM S7HSPTIM S8HSPTIM S9HSPTIM

S1HSPTIM:W1 S2HSPTIM:W2 S3HSPTIM:W3 S4HSPTIM:W4 S5HSPTIM:W5 S6HSPTIM:W6 S7HSPTIM:W7 S8HSPTIM:W8 S9HSPTIM:W9

# # # # # # # # #

Hospitl stys, prv 12 mos Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs Hospital stays, prv 2 yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HSPNIT R2HSPNIT R3HSPNIT R4HSPNIT R5HSPNIT R6HSPNIT R7HSPNIT R8HSPNIT R9HSPNIT

R1HSPNIT:W1 R2HSPNIT:W2 R3HSPNIT:W3 R4HSPNIT:W4 R5HSPNIT:W5 R6HSPNIT:W6 R7HSPNIT:W7 R8HSPNIT:W8 R9HSPNIT:W9

# # # # # # # # #

Hospitl nghts, prv 12 Nights in hosp, prv 2 Nights in hosp, prv 2 Nights in hosp, prv 2 Nights in hosp, prv 2 Nights in hosp, prv 2 Nights in hosp, prv 2 Nights in hosp, prv 2 Nights in hosp, prv 2

mos yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

S1HSPNIT

S1HSPNIT:W1 # Hospitl nghts, prv 12 mos

Cont

Section B: Health

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

229

S2HSPNIT S3HSPNIT S4HSPNIT S5HSPNIT S6HSPNIT S7HSPNIT S8HSPNIT S9HSPNIT

S2HSPNIT:W2 S3HSPNIT:W3 S4HSPNIT:W4 S5HSPNIT:W5 S6HSPNIT:W6 S7HSPNIT:W7 S8HSPNIT:W8 S9HSPNIT:W9

# # # # # # # #

Nights Nights Nights Nights Nights Nights Nights Nights

in in in in in in in in

hosp, hosp, hosp, hosp, hosp, hosp, hosp, hosp,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1HOSP R2HOSP R3HOSP R4HOSP R5HOSP R6HOSP R7HOSP R8HOSP R9HOSP

12640 19807 17945 21345 19541 18123 20066 18431 17166

0.114 0.201 0.250 0.264 0.257 0.277 0.262 0.275 0.283

0.318 0.401 0.433 0.441 0.437 0.447 0.440 0.446 0.451

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1HOSP S2HOSP S3HOSP S4HOSP S5HOSP S6HOSP S7HOSP S8HOSP S9HOSP

9891 13281 11898 13970 12716 11626 12953 11727 10629

0.109 0.185 0.223 0.240 0.229 0.247 0.235 0.249 0.255

0.311 0.388 0.416 0.427 0.420 0.431 0.424 0.432 0.436

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1HSPTIM R2HSPTIM R3HSPTIM R4HSPTIM R5HSPTIM R6HSPTIM R7HSPTIM R8HSPTIM R9HSPTIM

12634 19795 17925 21321 19522 18079 20021 18384 17127

0.188 0.371 0.445 0.476 0.451 0.490 0.471 0.485 0.506

0.960 1.681 1.273 1.288 1.446 1.272 1.342 1.135 1.239

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

60.000 99.000 75.000 51.000 120.000 60.000 60.000 25.000 50.000

S1HSPTIM S2HSPTIM S3HSPTIM S4HSPTIM S5HSPTIM S6HSPTIM S7HSPTIM S8HSPTIM S9HSPTIM

9888 13078 11890 13958 12710 11606 12934 11711 10615

0.169 0.319 0.378 0.417 0.391 0.432 0.399 0.425 0.442

0.663 1.454 1.069 1.180 1.499 1.263 1.047 1.075 1.215

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

21.000 96.000 50.000 51.000 120.000 60.000 30.000 25.000 50.000

R1HSPNIT R2HSPNIT R3HSPNIT R4HSPNIT R5HSPNIT R6HSPNIT R7HSPNIT R8HSPNIT R9HSPNIT

12626 19645 17865 21261 19466 18000 19957 18325 17047

1.216 2.142 2.609 2.604 2.405 2.645 2.451 2.571 2.434

7.364 10.389 10.643 12.179 10.862 12.193 11.462 12.310 10.595

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

182.000 350.000 520.000 970.000 730.000 730.000 712.000 614.000 609.000

Section B: Health

S1HSPNIT S2HSPNIT S3HSPNIT S4HSPNIT S5HSPNIT S6HSPNIT S7HSPNIT S8HSPNIT S9HSPNIT

9881 13065 11869 13939 12691 11570 12913 11684 10591

230

1.059 1.848 2.015 2.148 1.923 2.061 1.979 2.071 2.077

6.504 9.316 9.245 12.076 10.729 7.531 9.937 10.016 10.327

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

182.000 300.000 520.000 970.000 730.000 152.000 712.000 500.000 609.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R1HOSP 3 9

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S1HOSP 2 7

11197 1443

2373 379 8817 1074

R2HOSP 8 1 1 15830 3977

R3HOSP 13 30 3 13462 4483

R4HOSP 16 20 3 15720 5625

R5HOSP 15 20 3 14513 5028

R6HOSP 23 15 6 13110 5013

R7HOSP 34 21 8 14803 5263

R8HOSP 18 16 4 13371 5060

R9HOSP 29 17 5 12306 4860

S2HOSP 5 1 1 5970 384 10829 2452

S3HOSP 6 10 1 5658 418 9244 2654

S4HOSP 2 6

S5HOSP 8 5 1 6538 311 9800 2916

S6HOSP 6 5 4 6306 220 8756 2870

S7HOSP 9 4 6 6777 380 9911 3042

S8HOSP 4 3 1 6417 317 8808 2919

S9HOSP 10 4 3 6206 365 7914 2715

6869 537 10616 3354

How Constructed: RwHOSP indicates whether the respondent reports any overnight hospital stay in the reference period. In Wave 1 and 2A, the reference period is 12 months; in other waves it is the period since the last interview, or the last 2 years for new interviewees. If the respondent reports any overnight hospital stay, RwHSPTIM is the reported number of stays and RwHSPNIT is the reported number of nights over all stays. If the previous interview was more than two years ago, it is possible for RwHSPNIT to exceed 720 (365 x 2 years; 365 x 4 years; etc.). These high values can be checked against the INW variables, which indicate whether R was present for the wave in question. SwHOSP, SwHSPTIM, and SwHSPNIT give this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. Medical care utilization variables are recoded for missing values. In Wave 1, the medical utilization variables are imputed in the original HRS data. Imputed values are recoded to missing. RwHOSP is recoded as a yes/no indicator. If the respondent did not report any hospital stay, then RwHSPTIM and RwHSPNIT are set to zero. In Wave 2A, questions about hospital utilization were asked of the financial respondent (FinR) for both in a couple. In addition, the question about any overnight hospital stay was asked of all individual respondents. When both levels of information are available, the FinR's HH-level information may not agree with the information given by individual respondents in all cases. If there is any disagreement, the respondent's own report is used. Where necessary and possible, we use HH level data to fill missing spouse/partners' information. In Wave 2A, the S2HOSP is taken from spouses' or HH-level response. For all other waves, the spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3HOSP is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3HOSP variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The questions about medical service utilization vary across waves. Wave 1 and 2A questions ask about the last 12 months, while questions in subsequent waves ask about the period since the previous interview or the last 2 years.

Section B: Health

231

In Wave 1, questions ask about hospital and nursing home stays, doctor visits, and home health care. In Wave 2H, questions are added that ask about prescription drugs. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, questions are added that ask about outpatient surgery, dentist, and special facilities or services. In Wave 2A, the Financial respondent was asked the medical utilization and expenditure questions, which differs from all other waves. Questions asked only of the FinR yield HH-level data, and those asked of all respondents yield respondent-level data. Note that when both levels are available the FinR's HH-level information may not agree with the information given by individual respondents in all cases. If there is any disagreement, the respondent's own report is used. Where necessary and possible for utilization variables, we use HH level data to fill missing spouse/partners' information. For hospital stays, the questions ask if the respondent was a patient overnight, how many times, and how many nights altogether. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 on, the question wording refers to "how many different times", instead of "how many times".

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10533 V533 V534 V535 AHEAD 1993: B605R B606 B607 HRS 1994: W410 W411 W412 AHEAD 1995: D1664 D1665 D1666 HRS 1996: E1770 E1771 E1772 HRS 1998: F2295 F2296 F2297 HRS 2000: G2567 G2568 G2569 HRS 2002: HN099 HN100 HN101 HRS 2004: JN099 JN100 JN101 HRS 2006: KN099 KN100 KN101 HRS 2008: LN099 LN100

B45:PST YR:HOSP OVRN:IND B45:PST YR:HOSP OVRN:IMP B45A:PST YR:TIMES HO:IMP B45B:PST YR:#NIGHTS :IMP E1. R IN HOSPITAL LAST 12 MOS E2. # TIMES R IN HOSPITAL LAST 12 MOS E3. # NIGHTS IN HOSPITAL LAST 12 MOS B29.HOSPITAL OVERNIGHT B29a.TIMES IN HOSPITAL O B29b.NUMBER OF NIGHTS IN E1. HOSPITAL E2. HOSPITAL TIMES E3. HOSP-1 #NIGHTS E1. HOSPITAL-YR E2. HOSPITAL TIMES E3. HOSP-1 #NIGHTS E1. HOSPITAL-YR E2. HOSPITAL TIMES E3. HOSP-1 #NIGHTS E1. HOSPITAL-YR E2. HOSPITAL TIMES E3. HOSP-1 #NIGHTS OVERNIGHT STAY IN HOSP-SINCE PREV IW/2YR NUM TIMES R STAYED OVERNIGHT IN HOSP NUM NIGHTS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN HOSPITAL OVERNIGHT STAY IN HOSP-SINCE PREV IW/2YR NUM TIMES R STAYED OVERNIGHT IN HOSP NUM NIGHTS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN HOSPITAL OVERNIGHT STAY IN HOSP-SINCE PREV IW/2YR NUM TIMES R STAYED OVERNIGHT IN HOSP NUM NIGHTS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN HOSPITAL OVERNIGHT STAY IN HOSP-SINCE PREV IW/2YR NUM TIMES R STAYED OVERNIGHT IN HOSP

Section B: Health

LN101

NUM NIGHTS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN HOSPITAL

232

Section B: Health

233

Medical care utilization: Nursing Home Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1NRSHOM R2NRSHOM R3NRSHOM R4NRSHOM R5NRSHOM R6NRSHOM R7NRSHOM R8NRSHOM R9NRSHOM

R1NRSHOM:W1 R2NRSHOM:W2 R3NRSHOM:W3 R4NRSHOM:W4 R5NRSHOM:W5 R6NRSHOM:W6 R7NRSHOM:W7 R8NRSHOM:W8 R9NRSHOM:W9

Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs

home home home home home home home home home

stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

12 mos 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1NRSHOM S2NRSHOM S3NRSHOM S4NRSHOM S5NRSHOM S6NRSHOM S7NRSHOM S8NRSHOM S9NRSHOM

S1NRSHOM:W1 S2NRSHOM:W2 S3NRSHOM:W3 S4NRSHOM:W4 S5NRSHOM:W5 S6NRSHOM:W6 S7NRSHOM:W7 S8NRSHOM:W8 S9NRSHOM:W9

Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs

home home home home home home home home home

stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay, stay,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

12 mos 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1NRSTIM R2NRSTIM R3NRSTIM R4NRSTIM R5NRSTIM R6NRSTIM R7NRSTIM R8NRSTIM R9NRSTIM

R1NRSTIM:W1 R2NRSTIM:W2 R3NRSTIM:W3 R4NRSTIM:W4 R5NRSTIM:W5 R6NRSTIM:W6 R7NRSTIM:W7 R8NRSTIM:W8 R9NRSTIM:W9

# # # # # # # # #

Nrs home stys, prv 12 mos Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1NRSTIM S2NRSTIM S3NRSTIM S4NRSTIM S5NRSTIM S6NRSTIM S7NRSTIM S8NRSTIM S9NRSTIM

S1NRSTIM:W1 S2NRSTIM:W2 S3NRSTIM:W3 S4NRSTIM:W4 S5NRSTIM:W5 S6NRSTIM:W6 S7NRSTIM:W7 S8NRSTIM:W8 S9NRSTIM:W9

# # # # # # # # #

Nrs home stys, prv 12 mos Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs Nurs home stays, prv 2 yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1NRSNIT R2NRSNIT R3NRSNIT R4NRSNIT R5NRSNIT R6NRSNIT R7NRSNIT R8NRSNIT R9NRSNIT

R1NRSNIT:W1 R2NRSNIT:W2 R3NRSNIT:W3 R4NRSNIT:W4 R5NRSNIT:W5 R6NRSNIT:W6 R7NRSNIT:W7 R8NRSNIT:W8 R9NRSNIT:W9

# # # # # # # # #

Nrs home nghts, prv 12 mos Nights in nurs home, prv 2 Nights in nurs home, prv 2 Nights in nurs home, prv 2 Nights in nurs home, prv 2 Nights in nurs home, prv 2 Nights in nurs home, prv 2 Nights in nurs home, prv 2 Nights in nurs home, prv 2

1

S1NRSNIT

S1NRSNIT:W1 # Nrs home nghts, prv 12 mos

yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Section B: Health

234

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2NRSNIT S3NRSNIT S4NRSNIT S5NRSNIT S6NRSNIT S7NRSNIT S8NRSNIT S9NRSNIT

S2NRSNIT:W2 S3NRSNIT:W3 S4NRSNIT:W4 S5NRSNIT:W5 S6NRSNIT:W6 S7NRSNIT:W7 S8NRSNIT:W8 S9NRSNIT:W9

# # # # # # # #

Nights Nights Nights Nights Nights Nights Nights Nights

in in in in in in in in

nurs nurs nurs nurs nurs nurs nurs nurs

home, home, home, home, home, home, home, home,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3NHMLIV R4NHMLIV R5NHMLIV R6NHMLIV R7NHMLIV R8NHMLIV R9NHMLIV

R3NHMLIV:W3 R4NHMLIV:W4 R5NHMLIV:W5 R6NHMLIV:W6 R7NHMLIV:W7 R8NHMLIV:W8 R9NHMLIV:W9

Live Live Live Live Live Live Live

in in in in in in in

Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs

home home home home home home home

at at at at at at at

Iview Iview Iview Iview Iview Iview Iview

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3NHMLIV S4NHMLIV S5NHMLIV S6NHMLIV S7NHMLIV S8NHMLIV S9NHMLIV

S3NHMLIV:W3 S4NHMLIV:W4 S5NHMLIV:W5 S6NHMLIV:W6 S7NHMLIV:W7 S8NHMLIV:W8 S9NHMLIV:W9

Live Live Live Live Live Live Live

in in in in in in in

Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs

home home home home home home home

at at at at at at at

Iview Iview Iview Iview Iview Iview Iview

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3NHMMVY R4NHMMVY R5NHMMVY R6NHMMVY R7NHMMVY R8NHMMVY R9NHMMVY

R3NHMMVY:W3 R4NHMMVY:W4 R5NHMMVY:W5 R6NHMMVY:W6 R7NHMMVY:W7 R8NHMMVY:W8 R9NHMMVY:W9

Year Year Year Year Year Year Year

moved moved moved moved moved moved moved

to to to to to to to

Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs

home home home home home home home

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3NHMMVY S4NHMMVY S5NHMMVY S6NHMMVY S7NHMMVY S8NHMMVY S9NHMMVY

S3NHMMVY:W3 S4NHMMVY:W4 S5NHMMVY:W5 S6NHMMVY:W6 S7NHMMVY:W7 S8NHMMVY:W8 S9NHMMVY:W9

Year Year Year Year Year Year Year

moved moved moved moved moved moved moved

to to to to to to to

Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs

home home home home home home home

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3NHMMVM R4NHMMVM R5NHMMVM R6NHMMVM R7NHMMVM R8NHMMVM R9NHMMVM

R3NHMMVM:W3 R4NHMMVM:W4 R5NHMMVM:W5 R6NHMMVM:W6 R7NHMMVM:W7 R8NHMMVM:W8 R9NHMMVM:W9

Month Month Month Month Month Month Month

moved moved moved moved moved moved moved

to to to to to to to

Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs

home home home home home home home

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3NHMMVM S4NHMMVM S5NHMMVM S6NHMMVM S7NHMMVM S8NHMMVM S9NHMMVM

S3NHMMVM:W3 S4NHMMVM:W4 S5NHMMVM:W5 S6NHMMVM:W6 S7NHMMVM:W7 S8NHMMVM:W8 S9NHMMVM:W9

Month Month Month Month Month Month Month

moved moved moved moved moved moved moved

to to to to to to to

Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs Nurs

home home home home home home home

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Section B: Health

235

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3NHMDAY R4NHMDAY R5NHMDAY R6NHMDAY R7NHMDAY R8NHMDAY R9NHMDAY

R3NHMDAY:W3 R4NHMDAY:W4 R5NHMDAY:W5 R6NHMDAY:W6 R7NHMDAY:W7 R8NHMDAY:W8 R9NHMDAY:W9

Days Days Days Days Days Days Days

in in in in in in in

NH NH NH NH NH NH NH

from from from from from from from

Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3NHMDAY S4NHMDAY S5NHMDAY S6NHMDAY S7NHMDAY S8NHMDAY S9NHMDAY

S3NHMDAY:W3 S4NHMDAY:W4 S5NHMDAY:W5 S6NHMDAY:W6 S7NHMDAY:W7 S8NHMDAY:W8 S9NHMDAY:W9

Days Days Days Days Days Days Days

in in in in in in in

NH NH NH NH NH NH NH

from from from from from from from

Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw Move/PrvIvw

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1NRSHOM R2NRSHOM R3NRSHOM R4NRSHOM R5NRSHOM R6NRSHOM R7NRSHOM R8NRSHOM R9NRSHOM

12623 19815 17953 21362 19560 18139 20101 18445 17188

0.001 0.008 0.028 0.033 0.037 0.046 0.040 0.047 0.052

0.033 0.087 0.164 0.179 0.189 0.209 0.195 0.211 0.221

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1NRSHOM S2NRSHOM S3NRSHOM S4NRSHOM S5NRSHOM S6NRSHOM S7NRSHOM S8NRSHOM S9NRSHOM

9878 13286 11902 13972 12725 11629 12962 11729 10635

0.001 0.008 0.013 0.014 0.016 0.021 0.016 0.023 0.023

0.032 0.087 0.112 0.118 0.125 0.143 0.127 0.149 0.149

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1NRSTIM R2NRSTIM R3NRSTIM R4NRSTIM R5NRSTIM R6NRSTIM R7NRSTIM R8NRSTIM R9NRSTIM

12623 19811 17941 21333 19539 18109 20077 18426 17161

0.001 0.012 0.034 0.043 0.043 0.057 0.054 0.064 0.067

0.033 0.389 0.253 0.621 0.256 0.571 0.693 0.488 0.575

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 50.000 11.000 73.000 10.000 58.000 71.000 30.000 56.000

S1NRSTIM S2NRSTIM S3NRSTIM S4NRSTIM S5NRSTIM S6NRSTIM S7NRSTIM S8NRSTIM S9NRSTIM

9878 13085 11897 13963 12717 11625 12958 11725 10628

0.001 0.004 0.015 0.018 0.019 0.028 0.020 0.033 0.032

0.032 0.071 0.176 0.337 0.184 0.352 0.180 0.378 0.579

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 3.000 10.000 36.000 9.000 30.000 9.000 24.000 56.000

R1NRSNIT

12623

0.103

4.908

0.000

365.000

Section B: Health

236

R2NRSNIT R3NRSNIT R4NRSNIT R5NRSNIT R6NRSNIT R7NRSNIT R8NRSNIT R9NRSNIT

19805 17926 21328 19525 18099 20069 18412 17143

0.401 6.096 9.475 11.024 13.046 11.049 12.526 13.634

8.787 56.889 77.225 82.967 97.200 84.013 90.813 92.554

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

510.000 1644.000 1440.000 1674.000 2283.000 3349.000 2344.000 1614.000

S1NRSNIT S2NRSNIT S3NRSNIT S4NRSNIT S5NRSNIT S6NRSNIT S7NRSNIT S8NRSNIT S9NRSNIT

9878 13082 11894 13964 12715 11620 12960 11720 10628

0.099 0.175 2.988 3.118 3.549 3.647 2.769 3.580 3.264

5.150 5.442 43.046 44.484 46.669 50.634 39.624 48.664 40.625

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

365.000 360.000 1644.000 1308.000 1583.000 2252.000 1371.000 2100.000 945.000

R3NHMLIV R4NHMLIV R5NHMLIV R6NHMLIV R7NHMLIV R8NHMLIV R9NHMLIV

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.017 0.020 0.023 0.025 0.023 0.024 0.027

0.128 0.140 0.151 0.157 0.149 0.152 0.161

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S3NHMLIV S4NHMLIV S5NHMLIV S6NHMLIV S7NHMLIV S8NHMLIV S9NHMLIV

11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.007 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.007 0.008

0.082 0.079 0.086 0.084 0.078 0.084 0.086

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R3NHMMVY R4NHMMVY R5NHMMVY R6NHMMVY R7NHMMVY R8NHMMVY R9NHMMVY

290 416 450 434 436 421 430

1994.479 1995.526 1997.993 1999.636 2001.695 2002.610 2005.898

1.521 6.171 2.774 5.310 2.638 9.786 2.408

1978.000 1919.000 1968.000 1910.000 1984.000 1913.000 1991.000

1996.000 1999.000 2000.000 2002.000 2005.000 2007.000 2008.000

S3NHMMVY S4NHMMVY S5NHMMVY S6NHMMVY S7NHMMVY S8NHMMVY S9NHMMVY

79 84 93 73 76 82 79

1994.101 1993.250 1997.634 2000.027 2002.132 2003.402 2006.557

2.318 11.638 4.067 2.248 2.802 7.913 1.859

1978.000 1919.000 1968.000 1989.000 1989.000 1935.000 1999.000

1996.000 1999.000 2000.000 2002.000 2004.000 2006.000 2008.000

R3NHMMVM R4NHMMVM R5NHMMVM R6NHMMVM R7NHMMVM R8NHMMVM R9NHMMVM

289 412 436 382 388 380 386

5.900 5.748 5.839 5.990 5.951 6.434 6.508

3.733 3.541 3.428 3.377 3.304 3.370 3.362

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

S3NHMMVM S4NHMMVM S5NHMMVM S6NHMMVM

77 83 90 66

6.195 5.157 5.578 7.091

3.897 3.504 3.385 3.619

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

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237

S7NHMMVM S8NHMMVM S9NHMMVM

70 77 73

5.914 6.545 7.082

3.291 3.342 3.415

1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000

R3NHMDAY R4NHMDAY R5NHMDAY R6NHMDAY R7NHMDAY R8NHMDAY R9NHMDAY

290 416 450 434 435 421 430

371.155 452.764 469.460 518.408 469.885 492.359 485.560

266.110 303.354 304.210 338.445 307.517 306.343 301.202

15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000

1644.000 1581.000 1736.000 2283.000 3349.000 2100.000 1614.000

S3NHMDAY S4NHMDAY S5NHMDAY S6NHMDAY S7NHMDAY S8NHMDAY S9NHMDAY

79 84 93 73 76 82 79

428.304 475.155 455.925 498.274 385.855 439.207 374.190

312.444 326.260 307.893 358.939 307.376 376.843 266.485

15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000

1644.000 1581.000 1583.000 2252.000 1371.000 2100.000 945.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1NRSHOM R2NRSHOM R3NRSHOM R4NRSHOM R5NRSHOM R6NRSHOM R7NRSHOM R8NRSHOM R9NRSHOM .D=DK/NA | 7 1 1 6 3 4 8 .M=Oth missing | 22 1 35 18 17 15 18 16 16 .R=RF | 1 2 4 1 7 7 4 5 0.no | 12609 19665 17456 20651 18836 17305 19306 17580 16300 1.yes | 14 150 497 711 724 834 795 865 888 Value-------------------------|S1NRSHOM S2NRSHOM S3NRSHOM S4NRSHOM S5NRSHOM S6NRSHOM S7NRSHOM S8NRSHOM S9NRSHOM .D=DK/NA | 6 3 1 1 4 .M=Oth missing | 16 1 13 6 5 5 4 3 4 .R=RF | 1 4 5 2 3 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.no | 9868 13185 11752 13776 12522 11386 12750 11464 10394 1.yes | 10 101 150 196 203 243 212 265 241 Value-------------------------| 0.no | 1.yes |

R3NHMLIV R4NHMLIV R5NHMLIV R6NHMLIV R7NHMLIV R8NHMLIV R9NHMLIV 17693 20955 19122 17707 19669 18031 16757 298 429 457 460 460 438 460

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S3NHMLIV S4NHMLIV S5NHMLIV S6NHMLIV S7NHMLIV S8NHMLIV S9NHMLIV 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 11834 13891 12635 11559 12892 11652 10566 81 87 95 82 80 83 80

How Constructed: RwNRSHOM indicates whether the respondent reports any overnight nursing home stay in the reference period. In Wave 1 and 2A, the reference period is 12 months; in other waves it is the period since the last interview, or the last 2 years for new interviewees. If the respondent reports any overnight nursing home stay, RwNRSTIM is the reported number of stays and RwNRSNIT is the reported number of nights over all stays. From Wave 3 forward, a set of related variables provides information about nursing home residence when the respondent is living in a nursing home at the time of the interview. RwNHMLIV indicates whether the respondent lives in a nursing home or other health care facility at the time of the interview. For those living in a nursing home, RwNHMMVY and RwNHMMVM give the year and month of moving into the facility. RwNHMDAY is the calculated number days since the last interview that the respondent has been living in a nursing home. If the move-in date is after the previous interview then RwNHMDAY is assigned the number of days between the 15th of the move-in month and the 15th of

Section B: Health

238

the current interview month. If the move-in date is earlier than the previous interview then RwNHMDAY is assigned the numer of days between interviews. Beginning with Tracker 2004 V1, HRS implemented a verified nursing home residence flag for each wave (xNURSHM). From Wave 5 forward, there are cases at each interview where this information conflicts with nursing home residency reported in the core data cover sheet section. We incorporate the verified nursing home information from Tracker with nursing home utilization information. The question about any nursing home stay is filled by default as Yes for those living in a nursing home; in some cases the interviewer seems to have over-ridden this with a No, but in others this did not occur. We examine these cases for length of stay, residency move-in date, and missing answers to estimate whether there is any nursing home utilization besides the residency reported in the core data, which HRS has determined is NOT a nursing home. If the length of stay is reported as zero nights, continuous since move-in (996), or is about the same as the length of residency as determined from move-in dates, then we assume that the stay is the same as the residence which is not a nursing home, i.e., that there is no nursing home utilization. If the answers to the number of times or number of nights are missing we assume these indicate the realization that the current residence is not a nursing home, without knowing how to undo the default assumption of a nursing home stay, so in this case we also assume no nursing home utilization. If the number of stays is given as 5, we assume this was intended to be the normal code for No, and assume no nursing home utilization in this situation as well. We also apply the Tracker information to RwNHMLIV, RwNHMMVM, RwNHMMVY, and RwNHMDAY. If Tracker indicates that R is not a nursing home resident, RwNHMLIV is set to No and the rest of the variables are irrelevant. SwNRSHOM, SwNRSTIM, SwNRSNIT, SwNHMLIV, SwNHMMVY, SwNHMMVM, SwNHMDAY give this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. Medical care utilization variables are recoded for missing values. In Wave 1, the medical utilization variables are imputed in the original HRS data. Imputed values are recoded to missing. RwNRSHOM is recoded as a yes/no indicator. Beginning in Wave 3, if R is currently in a nursing home, RwNRSHOM is set to yes. If the respondent did not report any nursing home stay, then RwNRSTIM and RwNRSNIT are set to zero. Beginning in Wave 3, the number of nights in a nursing home could be reported as 996, indicating “continuous since entered”, if the respondent is living in a nursing home at the time of the interview. For these cases, RwNHMDAY is assigned to RwNRSNIT, unless more than one stay is reported and the number of days for the current stay is less than the time since last interview. If more than one stay is reported and RwNHMDAY is less than the entire time since last interview, then RwNRSNIT is assigned the special missing value .L, as the length of at least one prior stays is unknown. If the previous interview was more than two years ago, then it is possible for RwNRSNIT to exceed 720 (365 x 2 years; 365 x 4 years; etc.). These high values can be checked against the INW variables, which indicate whether R was present for the Wave in question. In Wave 2A, the question about any overnight nursing home stay was asked at the household level of financial respondents for both the FinR and spouse, and of all individual respondents as well. When both levels of information are available the FinR's HH-level information may not agree with the information given by individual respondents in all cases. If there is any disagreement, the respondent's own report is used. Where necessary and possible, we use HH level data to fill missing spouse/partners' information. In Wave 2A, the S2NRSHOM is taken from spouses' or HH-level response. For all other waves, the spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3NRSHOM is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3NRSHOM variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The questions about medical service utilization vary across waves. Wave 1 and 2A questions ask about the last 12 months, while questions in subsequent waves ask about the period since the previous interview or the last 2 years. In Wave 1, questions ask about hospital and nursing home stays, doctor visits, and home health care. In Wave 2H, questions are added that ask about prescription drugs. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, questions are added that ask about outpatient surgery, dentist, and special facilities or services.

Section B: Health

239

In Wave 2A, the Financial respondent was asked the medical utilization and expenditure questions, which differs from all other waves. Questions asked only of the FinR yield HH-level data, and those asked of all respondents yield respondent-level data. Note that when both levels are available the FinR's HH-level information may not agree with the information given by individual respondents in all cases. If there is any disagreement, the respondent's own report is used. Where necessary and possible for utilization variables, we use HH level data to fill missing spouse/partners' information. For nursing home stays, the questions ask if the respondent was a patient in a nursing home overnight, how many times, and how many nights altogether. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 on, the initial question text includes convalescent home or other long-term health care facility along with nursing home. Beginning in Wave 3, the initial question was skipped if the respondent is currently living in a nursing home. For these nursing home residents, the second question asks how many times including now, and the third question regarding number of nights can be coded 996=continuous since entered. The questions about residence in the nursing home at the time of the interview and when the respondent moved into the nursing home begin in Wave 3. Note that in Waves 1 and 2A there are no respondents living in a nursing home. In Wave 2H, there are only 6 respondents who are nursing home residents, and there is no provision in the utilization section for using this information to determine use or length of stay. So we have chosen not to consider this information for so few respondents. If others are interested in exploring this in Wave 2H, these cases are flagged by W109=21 in the core data. Move month and year are W107 and W108, also in the core data. Beginning with Tracker 2004 V1, HRS implemented a verified nursing home residence flag for each wave, xNURSHM, e.g., GNURSHM for Wave 5 (2000). From Wave 5 forward, there are cases at each interview where this information conflicts with nursing home residency reported in the core data cover sheet section. In the questions about nursing home utilization, a cover-sheet reported nursing home resident is assigned as Yes for any nursing home stays by default. In some cases where Tracker indicates residence is NOT a nursing home, the interviewer had over-ridden this with a No for any nursing home stays, but in many cases this did not occur. We examine these cases for length of stay, residency move-in date, and missing answers to estimate whether there is any nursing home utilization besides the residency reported in the core data, which HRS has determined is NOT a nursing home.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10536 V536 V537 V538 AHEAD 1993: B622R B623 B624 HRS 1994: W415 W416 W417 AHEAD 1995: D1681 D1682 D1683 D1684 D240 D417 D418 HRS 1996: E1776 E1777 E1778 E1779

B46:PST YR:EVR IF NR:IND B46:PST YR:EVR IF NR:IMP B46A:1 YR:TIMES NURS B46B:YR:NIGHTS NURSG E5. R IN NURSING HOME LAST 12 MOS E6. # TIMES R IN NURSING HOME LAST 12 MO E7. # NIGHTS IN NURSING HOME LAST 12 MOS B30.NURSING HOME OVERNIG B30a.TIMES IN NURSING HO B30b.NUMBER OF NIGHTS IN E5. NURSING HOME E6. NURHM # TIMES E7. NURHM-1 NIGHTS E7A.NURHM-1 MONTHS CS11.R-WHERE LIVE CS25.MONTH MOVED TO NURS HOME CS25.YEAR MOVED TO NURS HOME E5. NURSING E6. NURHM # E7. NURHM-1 E7A.NURHM-1

HOME-YR TIMES NIGHTS MONTHS

Section B: Health

E240 E417 E418 HRS 1998: F2299 F2300 F2301 F2302 F517 F718 F719 HRS 2000: G2571 G2572 G2573 G2574 G558 G789 G790 HRS 2002: HA028 HA065 HA066 HN114 HN115 HN116 HN117 HRS 2004: JA028 JA065 JA066 JN114 JN115 JN116 JN117 HRS 2006: KA028 KA065 KA066 KN114 KN115 KN116 KN117 HRS 2008: LA028 LA065 LA066 LN114 LN115 LN116 LN117 Tracker: GNURSHM HNURSHM JNURSHM

CS11.R-WHERE LIVE CS25.MONTH MOVED TO NURS HOME CS25.YEAR MOVED TO NURS HOME E5. NURSING HOME-YR E6. NURHM # TIMES E7. NURHM-1 NIGHTS E7A.NURHM-1 MONTHS CS11.R IN NURSING HOME CS25.MONTH MOVED TO NURS HOME CS25.YEAR MOVED TO NURS HOME E5. NURSING HOME-YR E6. NURHM # TIMES E7. NURHM-1 NIGHTS E7A.NURHM-1 MONTHS CS11.R IN NURSING HOME CS25.MONTH MOVED TO NURS HOME CS25A. YEAR MOVED TO NURS HOME R IN NURSING HOME MONTH MOVED TO NH YEAR MOVED TO NURS HOME EVER PATIENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME # TIMES SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME NUM NIGHTS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NH NUM MOS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NH R IN NURSING HOME MONTH MOVED TO NH YEAR MOVED TO NURS HOME EVER PATIENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME # TIMES SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME NUM NIGHTS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NH NUM MOS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NH R IN NURSING HOME MONTH MOVED TO NH YEAR MOVED TO NURS HOME EVER PATIENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME # TIMES SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME NUM NIGHTS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NH NUM MOS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NH R IN NURSING HOME MONTH MOVED TO NH YEAR MOVED TO NURS HOME EVER PATIENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME # TIMES SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME NUM NIGHTS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NH NUM MOS R SPENT OVERNIGHT IN NH 2000 NURSING HOME STATUS 2002 NURSING HOME STATUS 2004 NURSING HOME STATUS

240

Section B: Health

241

Medical care utilization: Doctor Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DOCTOR R2DOCTOR R3DOCTOR R4DOCTOR R5DOCTOR R6DOCTOR R7DOCTOR R8DOCTOR R9DOCTOR

R1DOCTOR:W1 R2DOCTOR:W2 R3DOCTOR:W3 R4DOCTOR:W4 R5DOCTOR:W5 R6DOCTOR:W6 R7DOCTOR:W7 R8DOCTOR:W8 R9DOCTOR:W9

Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor

visit, visit, visit, visit, visit, visit, visit, visit, visit,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

12 mos 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DOCTOR S2DOCTOR S3DOCTOR S4DOCTOR S5DOCTOR S6DOCTOR S7DOCTOR S8DOCTOR S9DOCTOR

S1DOCTOR:W1 S2DOCTOR:W2 S3DOCTOR:W3 S4DOCTOR:W4 S5DOCTOR:W5 S6DOCTOR:W6 S7DOCTOR:W7 S8DOCTOR:W8 S9DOCTOR:W9

Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor

visit, visit, visit, visit, visit, visit, visit, visit, visit,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

12 mos 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DOCTIM R2DOCTIM R3DOCTIM R4DOCTIM R5DOCTIM R6DOCTIM R7DOCTIM R8DOCTIM R9DOCTIM

R1DOCTIM:W1 R2DOCTIM:W2 R3DOCTIM:W3 R4DOCTIM:W4 R5DOCTIM:W5 R6DOCTIM:W6 R7DOCTIM:W7 R8DOCTIM:W8 R9DOCTIM:W9

# # # # # # # # #

Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor

vists, vists, vists, vists, vists, vists, vists, vists, vists,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

12 mos 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DOCTIM S2DOCTIM S3DOCTIM S4DOCTIM S5DOCTIM S6DOCTIM S7DOCTIM S8DOCTIM S9DOCTIM

S1DOCTIM:W1 S2DOCTIM:W2 S3DOCTIM:W3 S4DOCTIM:W4 S5DOCTIM:W5 S6DOCTIM:W6 S7DOCTIM:W7 S8DOCTIM:W8 S9DOCTIM:W9

# # # # # # # # #

Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor Doctor

vists, vists, vists, vists, vists, vists, vists, vists, vists,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

12 mos 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

R1DOCTOR R2DOCTOR R3DOCTOR R4DOCTOR R5DOCTOR R6DOCTOR R7DOCTOR R8DOCTOR

12594 19555 17551 20920 19516 18145 20092 18440

Mean 0.792 0.893 0.927 0.932 0.942 0.942 0.937 0.948

Std Dev 0.406 0.310 0.260 0.251 0.234 0.234 0.243 0.221

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

242

R9DOCTOR

17191

0.947

0.225

0.000

1.000

S1DOCTOR S2DOCTOR S3DOCTOR S4DOCTOR S5DOCTOR S6DOCTOR S7DOCTOR S8DOCTOR S9DOCTOR

9859 13184 11712 13792 12714 11633 12959 11728 10637

0.790 0.880 0.928 0.933 0.944 0.943 0.939 0.948 0.946

0.407 0.325 0.258 0.250 0.230 0.232 0.240 0.222 0.225

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1DOCTIM R2DOCTIM R3DOCTIM R4DOCTIM R5DOCTIM R6DOCTIM R7DOCTIM R8DOCTIM R9DOCTIM

12594 19555 17551 20920 19052 17453 19428 17623 16191

4.462 6.181 8.997 10.172 9.858 10.775 10.685 10.617 10.617

8.674 10.875 14.625 18.521 16.213 20.364 23.269 18.652 17.829

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

95.000 336.000 600.000 730.000 500.000 900.000 840.000 612.000 525.000

S1DOCTIM S2DOCTIM S3DOCTIM S4DOCTIM S5DOCTIM S6DOCTIM S7DOCTIM S8DOCTIM S9DOCTIM

9859 12984 11712 13792 12481 11330 12653 11331 10174

4.227 5.903 8.531 9.552 9.315 10.193 10.178 10.138 10.179

8.148 10.331 14.901 18.539 15.177 20.144 22.746 18.842 17.899

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

95.000 300.000 600.000 730.000 360.000 900.000 840.000 612.000 500.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1DOCTOR R2DOCTOR R3DOCTOR R4DOCTOR R5DOCTOR R6DOCTOR R7DOCTOR R8DOCTOR R9DOCTOR .D=DK/NA | 41 250 373 433 37 2 9 2 2 .M=Oth missing | 17 2 56 20 20 15 21 22 18 .R=RF | 10 11 11 6 5 7 5 6 0.no | 2625 2100 1284 1418 1137 1059 1269 954 917 1.yes | 9969 17455 16267 19502 18379 17086 18823 17486 16274 Value-------------------------|S1DOCTOR S2DOCTOR S3DOCTOR S4DOCTOR S5DOCTOR S6DOCTOR S7DOCTOR S8DOCTOR S9DOCTOR .D=DK/NA | 29 99 176 174 8 4 .M=Oth missing | 12 24 6 5 5 4 5 5 .R=RF | 5 3 6 3 3 5 2 4 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.no | 2066 1581 842 922 715 667 792 609 570 1.yes | 7793 11603 10870 12870 11999 10966 12167 11119 10067

How Constructed: RwDOCTOR indicates whether the respondent reports any doctor visit in the reference period. In Wave 1 and 2A, the reference period is 12 months; in other waves it is the period since the last interview, or the last 2 years for new interviewees. If the respondent reports any doctor visit, RwDOCTIM is the reported number of visits. SwDOCTOR and SwDOCTIM give this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. Medical care utilization variables are recoded for missing values. In Wave 1, the medical utilization variables are imputed in the original HRS data. Imputed values are recoded to missing. If the respondent did not report any doctor visit, then RwDOCTIM is zero. RwDOCTOR is recoded as a yes/no indicator based on the number of visits reported.

Section B: Health

243

Beginning in Wave 5 unfolding bracket questions are introduced for those who don't know or refuse this question. Any response of "about" to these questions assigns the value to RwDOCTIM. For example if R responds about 20 then 20 is assigned RwDOCTIM. In addition SAS special missing values indicate the resulting bracket: .E indicates 1-4 times .F indicates 6-19 times .G indicates 21-49 times .H indicates 51 or more times .I indicates at least once .J indicates 0-5 times .K indicates 1-19 times .L indicates 21 or more times If R falls into any of these brackets except 0-5 times (.J), then RwDOCTOR is set to yes (=1). If R says no to seeing a doctor at least once, RwDOCTIM is set to zero and RwDOCTOR is set to no (=0). In Wave 2A, the S2DOCTOR is taken from spouses' or HH-level response. For all other waves, the spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3DOCTOR is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3DOCTOR variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The questions about medical service utilization vary across waves. Wave 1 and 2A questions ask about the last 12 months, while questions in subsequent waves ask about the period since the previous interview or the last 2 years. In Wave 1, questions ask about hospital and nursing home stays, doctor visits, and home health care. In Wave 2H, questions are added that ask about prescription drugs. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, questions are added that ask about outpatient surgery, dentist, and special facilities or services. In Wave 2A, the Financial respondent was asked the medical utilization and expenditure questions, which differs from all other waves. Questions asked only of the FinR yield HH-level data, and those asked of all respondents yield respondent-level data. Note that when both levels are available the FinR's HH-level information may not agree with the information given by individual respondents in all cases. If there is any disagreement, the respondent's own report is used. Where necessary and possible for utilization variables, we use HH level data to fill missing spouse/partners' information. For doctor visits, the question asks how many times the respondent has seen or talked to a medical doctor including emergency room or clinic visits. In Wave 1, 2, the question text instructs the respondent not to include overnight hospital or nursing home stays. Beginning in Wave 3, the question text only instructs the respondent not to include any hospital stays. Beginning in Wave 5, there are unfolding bracket questions if R doesn't know or refuses to answer the question. The amounts in this series of questions are at least once, 5, 20, and 50 times. The order presented is 20, then 5 and at least once if less than 20, or 50 if more than 20. The responses could be less than, more than or about.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10539

B47:YR:TIMES W/ DOCT:IND

Section B: Health

V539 AHEAD 1993: B640 HRS 1994: W420 AHEAD 1995: D1698 HRS 1996: E1790 HRS 1998: F2331 HRS 2000: G2603 G2604 G2605 G2606 G2607 HRS 2002: HN147 HN148 HN149 HN150 HN151 HRS 2004: JN147 JN148 JN149 JN150 JN151 HRS 2006: KN147 KN148 KN149 KN150 KN151 HRS 2008: LN147 LN148 LN149 LN150 LN151

B47:YR:TIMES W/ DOCT:IMP E12. #TIMES R TALK TO DOCTOR LAST 12 MOS B31.NUMBER OF DOCTOR VIS E11. DR TIMES E11. DR TIMES E11. DR TIMES E11. DR TIMES E11A. DR 20 TIMES E11B. DR 5 TIMES E11C. DR ANY TIME E11D. DR 50 TIMES # TIMES SEEN DR- PREV IW/2 YRS NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 20X NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 5X HAS R SOUGHT DOC ADVICE IN PAST 2 YRS R SEEK DOC ADVICE 50X # TIMES SEEN DR- PREV IW/2 YRS NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 20X NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 5X HAS R SOUGHT DOC ADVICE IN PAST 2 YRS R SEEK DOC ADVICE 50X # TIMES SEEN DR- PREV IW/2 YRS NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 20X NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 5X HAS R SOUGHT DOC ADVICE IN PAST 2 YRS R SEEK DOC ADVICE 50X # TIMES SEEN DR- PREV IW/2 YRS NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 20X NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 5X HAS R SOUGHT DOC ADVICE IN PAST 2 YRS R SEEK DOC ADVICE 50X

244

Section B: Health

245

Medical care utilization: Home Care Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HOMCAR R2HOMCAR R3HOMCAR R4HOMCAR R5HOMCAR R6HOMCAR R7HOMCAR R8HOMCAR R9HOMCAR

R1HOMCAR:W1 R2HOMCAR:W2 R3HOMCAR:W3 R4HOMCAR:W4 R5HOMCAR:W5 R6HOMCAR:W6 R7HOMCAR:W7 R8HOMCAR:W8 R9HOMCAR:W9

Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home

hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth

care, care, care, care, care, care, care, care, care,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

12 mos 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HOMCAR S2HOMCAR S3HOMCAR S4HOMCAR S5HOMCAR S6HOMCAR S7HOMCAR S8HOMCAR S9HOMCAR

S1HOMCAR:W1 S2HOMCAR:W2 S3HOMCAR:W3 S4HOMCAR:W4 S5HOMCAR:W5 S6HOMCAR:W6 S7HOMCAR:W7 S8HOMCAR:W8 S9HOMCAR:W9

Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home

hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth

care, care, care, care, care, care, care, care, care,

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

12 mos 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1HOMCAR R2HOMCAR R3HOMCAR R4HOMCAR R5HOMCAR R6HOMCAR R7HOMCAR R8HOMCAR R9HOMCAR

12635 19762 17651 20933 19073 17947 19938 18288 17041

0.012 0.057 0.075 0.076 0.068 0.073 0.068 0.080 0.087

0.108 0.232 0.264 0.264 0.252 0.260 0.252 0.272 0.282

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1HOMCAR S2HOMCAR S3HOMCAR S4HOMCAR S5HOMCAR S6HOMCAR S7HOMCAR S8HOMCAR S9HOMCAR

9886 13242 11820 13885 12619 11599 12937 11711 10620

0.009 0.033 0.052 0.056 0.050 0.055 0.049 0.060 0.064

0.096 0.178 0.221 0.230 0.219 0.227 0.215 0.237 0.244

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1HOMCAR R2HOMCAR R3HOMCAR R4HOMCAR R5HOMCAR R6HOMCAR R7HOMCAR R8HOMCAR R9HOMCAR .D=DK/NA | 3 2 2 5 13 9 10 10 .M=Missing | 14 52 37 20 42 21 23 18 19 .N=In NHM | 298 429 457 180 149 148 142 .R=RF | 1 3 2 2 6 10 5 5 0.No | 12487 18632 16325 19350 17770 16633 18577 16817 15553 1.Yes | 148 1130 1326 1583 1303 1314 1361 1471 1488

Section B: Health

246

Value-------------------------|S1HOMCAR S2HOMCAR S3HOMCAR S4HOMCAR S5HOMCAR S6HOMCAR S7HOMCAR S8HOMCAR S9HOMCAR .D=DK/NA | 3 3 4 1 2 1 .M=Missing | 11 24 13 6 12 6 5 3 5 .N=In NHM | 81 87 95 29 22 16 18 .R=RF | 1 1 3 7 3 2 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 406 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.No | 9795 12807 11211 13109 11982 10966 12308 11014 9943 1.Yes | 91 435 609 776 637 633 629 697 677

How Constructed: RwHOMCAR indicates whether the respondent reports any home health care in the reference period. Wave 1 and 2A the reference period is 12 months; in other waves it is the period since the last interview, or the last 2 years for new interviewees.

In

SwHOMCAR gives this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. RwHOMCAR is recoded as a yes/no indicator and for missing values. In Wave 1, the medical utilization variables are imputed in the original HRS data. Imputed values are recoded to missing. From Wave 3 forward this question is skipped if R lives in a nursing home at the time of the interview (see RwNHMLIV earlier in this section). If the question is skipped for this reason, RwHOMCAR is set to .N, R lives in a nursing home. In Wave 2A, only the Financial respondent was asked to answer either himself/herself, partner or both used home health care. If Financial respondent answer 'himself/herself' or 'both' then R2HOMCAR set to 1 for yes. In Wave 2A, the S2HOMCAR is taken from spouses' or HH-level response. For all other waves, the spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3HOMCAR is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3HOMCAR variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The questions about medical service utilization vary across waves. Wave 1 and 2A questions ask about the last 12 months, while questions in subsequent waves ask about the period since the previous interview or the last 2 years. In Wave 1, questions ask about hospital and nursing home stays, doctor visits, and home health care. In Wave 2, questions are added that ask about prescription drugs. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, questions are added that ask about outpatient surgery, dentist, and special facilities or services. In Wave 2A, the Financial respondent was asked the medical utilization and expenditure questions, which differs from all other waves. Questions asked only of the FinR yield HH-level data, and those asked of all respondents yield respondent-level data. Note that when both levels are available the FinR's HH-level information may not agree with the information given by individual respondents in all cases. If there is any disagreement, the respondent's own report is used. Where necessary and possible for utilization variables, we use HH level data to fill missing spouse/partners' information. For home health care, the questions in Waves 1 and 2H ask if the respondent required any professional nursing care in his/her own home, and on how many days he/she had home nursing care. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 on, the question asks if any medically-trained person has come to the respondent's home to help him/her. In Wave 2A, only the Financial respondent was asked to answer either himself/herself, partner or both used home health care. Beginning Wave 3, the question is skipped if the respondent is in a nursing home. There is no follow-up question about the number of days.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10541

B49:PST YR:PRO NURS :IND

Section B: Health

V541 AHEAD 1993: B701 HRS 1994: W424 AHEAD 1995: D1760 D240 HRS 1996: E1827 E240 HRS 1998: F2357 F517 HRS 2000: G2634 G558 HRS 2002: HA028 HN189 HRS 2004: JA028 JN189 HRS 2006: KA028 KN189 HRS 2008: LA028 LN189

B49:PST YR:PRO NURS :IMP E22. R/SP IN-HOME MED SERV NOT COVERED B33.PROFESSIONAL NURSING E22.IN-HOME SERV CS11.R-WHERE LIVE E22.IN-HOME SERV CS11.R-WHERE LIVE E22.IN-HOME SERV CS11.R IN NURSING HOME E22.IN-HOME SERV CS11.R IN NURSING HOME R IN NURSING HOME USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS R IN NURSING HOME USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS R IN NURSING HOME USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS R IN NURSING HOME USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS

247

Section B: Health

248

Medical care utilization: Other Medical Care Utilization Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2DRUGS R3DRUGS R4DRUGS R5DRUGS R6DRUGS R7DRUGS R8DRUGS R9DRUGS

R2DRUGS:W2 R3DRUGS:W3 R4DRUGS:W4 R5DRUGS:W5 R6DRUGS:W6 R7DRUGS:W7 R8DRUGS:W8 R9DRUGS:W9

Reg Reg Reg Reg Reg Reg Reg Reg

take take take take take take take take

Rx, Rx, Rx, Rx, Rx, Rx, Rx, Rx,

prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv

1-yr(A) 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2DRUGS S3DRUGS S4DRUGS S5DRUGS S6DRUGS S7DRUGS S8DRUGS S9DRUGS

S2DRUGS:W2 S3DRUGS:W3 S4DRUGS:W4 S5DRUGS:W5 S6DRUGS:W6 S7DRUGS:W7 S8DRUGS:W8 S9DRUGS:W9

Reg Reg Reg Reg Reg Reg Reg Reg

take take take take take take take take

Rx, Rx, Rx, Rx, Rx, Rx, Rx, Rx,

prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv

1-yr(A) 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2OUTPT R3OUTPT R4OUTPT R5OUTPT R6OUTPT R7OUTPT R8OUTPT R9OUTPT

R2OUTPT:W2 R3OUTPT:W3 R4OUTPT:W4 R5OUTPT:W5 R6OUTPT:W6 R7OUTPT:W7 R8OUTPT:W8 R9OUTPT:W9

OutpatSurg, prv 1-,2-yr(A,H) Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2OUTPT S3OUTPT S4OUTPT S5OUTPT S6OUTPT S7OUTPT S8OUTPT S9OUTPT

S2OUTPT:W2 S3OUTPT:W3 S4OUTPT:W4 S5OUTPT:W5 S6OUTPT:W6 S7OUTPT:W7 S8OUTPT:W8 S9OUTPT:W9

OutpatSurg, prv 1-,2-yr(A,H) Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs Outpatient surgry, prv 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2DENTST R3DENTST R4DENTST R5DENTST R6DENTST R7DENTST R8DENTST R9DENTST

R2DENTST:W2 R3DENTST:W3 R4DENTST:W4 R5DENTST:W5 R6DENTST:W6 R7DENTST:W7 R8DENTST:W8 R9DENTST:W9

DentVisit, prv 1-,2-yr(A,H) Dental visit, prv 2 yrs Dental visit, prv 2 yrs Dental visit, prv 2 yrs Dental visit, prv 2 yrs Dental visit, prv 2 yrs Dental visit, prv 2 yrs Dental visit, prv 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7

S2DENTST S3DENTST S4DENTST S5DENTST S6DENTST S7DENTST

S2DENTST:W2 S3DENTST:W3 S4DENTST:W4 S5DENTST:W5 S6DENTST:W6 S7DENTST:W7

DentVisit, prv 1-,2-yr(A,H) Dental visit, prv 2 yrs Dental visit, prv 2 yrs Dental visit, prv 2 yrs Dental visit, prv 2 yrs Dental visit, prv 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

249

8 9

S8DENTST S9DENTST

S8DENTST:W8 Dental visit, prv 2 yrs S9DENTST:W9 Dental visit, prv 2 yrs

Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2SPCFAC R3SPCFAC R4SPCFAC R5SPCFAC R6SPCFAC R7SPCFAC R8SPCFAC R9SPCFAC

R2SPCFAC:W2 R3SPCFAC:W3 R4SPCFAC:W4 R5SPCFAC:W5 R6SPCFAC:W6 R7SPCFAC:W7 R8SPCFAC:W8 R9SPCFAC:W9

SpcHlthFac, prv 1-,2-yr(A,H) Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2SPCFAC S3SPCFAC S4SPCFAC S5SPCFAC S6SPCFAC S7SPCFAC S8SPCFAC S9SPCFAC

S2SPCFAC:W2 S3SPCFAC:W3 S4SPCFAC:W4 S5SPCFAC:W5 S6SPCFAC:W6 S7SPCFAC:W7 S8SPCFAC:W8 S9SPCFAC:W9

SpcHlthFac, prv 1-,2-yr(A,H) Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs Spec hlth facilty, prv 2 yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2DRUGS R3DRUGS R4DRUGS R5DRUGS R6DRUGS R7DRUGS R8DRUGS R9DRUGS

19792 17952 21351 19547 18149 20092 18451 17199

0.698 0.690 0.728 0.776 0.809 0.791 0.820 0.839

0.459 0.462 0.445 0.417 0.393 0.406 0.385 0.367

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2DRUGS S3DRUGS S4DRUGS S5DRUGS S6DRUGS S7DRUGS S8DRUGS S9DRUGS

13274 11905 13967 12722 11636 12957 11727 10639

0.667 0.671 0.712 0.764 0.797 0.776 0.804 0.826

0.471 0.470 0.453 0.425 0.402 0.417 0.397 0.379

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2OUTPT R3OUTPT R4OUTPT R5OUTPT R6OUTPT R7OUTPT R8OUTPT R9OUTPT

8217 17939 21349 19542 18122 20076 18425 17155

0.138 0.173 0.188 0.179 0.202 0.206 0.214 0.208

0.345 0.378 0.391 0.383 0.402 0.404 0.410 0.406

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2OUTPT S3OUTPT S4OUTPT S5OUTPT S6OUTPT S7OUTPT S8OUTPT S9OUTPT

4548 11895 13964 12718 11620 12949 11716 10617

0.144 0.177 0.192 0.186 0.210 0.212 0.219 0.212

0.351 0.382 0.394 0.389 0.407 0.409 0.413 0.409

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

250

R2DENTST R3DENTST R4DENTST R5DENTST R6DENTST R7DENTST R8DENTST R9DENTST

8216 17941 21340 19532 18103 20064 18411 17164

0.450 0.600 0.619 0.612 0.594 0.626 0.626 0.625

0.498 0.490 0.486 0.487 0.491 0.484 0.484 0.484

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2DENTST S3DENTST S4DENTST S5DENTST S6DENTST S7DENTST S8DENTST S9DENTST

4546 11895 13963 12714 11617 12949 11716 10624

0.496 0.649 0.669 0.665 0.648 0.678 0.675 0.678

0.500 0.477 0.471 0.472 0.478 0.467 0.468 0.467

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2SPCFAC R3SPCFAC R4SPCFAC R5SPCFAC R6SPCFAC R7SPCFAC R8SPCFAC R9SPCFAC

8168 17647 20932 19076 18128 20084 18424 17169

0.079 0.063 0.071 0.068 0.078 0.084 0.095 0.095

0.270 0.243 0.257 0.251 0.269 0.278 0.293 0.293

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2SPCFAC S3SPCFAC S4SPCFAC S5SPCFAC S6SPCFAC S7SPCFAC S8SPCFAC S9SPCFAC

4503 11817 13885 12622 11625 12960 11726 10632

0.044 0.048 0.059 0.053 0.066 0.069 0.079 0.078

0.206 0.214 0.235 0.223 0.249 0.254 0.269 0.268

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2DRUGS 19 4 2 5970 13822

R3DRUGS 5 32 2 5561 12391

R4DRUGS 9 21 3 5801 15550

R5DRUGS 7 22 3 4378 15169

R6DRUGS 5 7 6 3459 14690

R7DRUGS 4 22 11 4196 15896

R8DRUGS 4 9 5 3330 15121

R9DRUGS 4 8 6 2766 14433

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2DRUGS 9 4 1 5970 384 4418 8856

S3DRUGS

S5DRUGS 2 5 1 6538 311 3003 9719

S6DRUGS

5658 418 3919 7986

S4DRUGS 4 6 1 6869 537 4021 9946

2 3 6306 220 2365 9271

S7DRUGS 1 5 9 6777 380 2903 10054

S8DRUGS 1 3 4 6417 317 2295 9432

S9DRUGS 1 1 5 6206 365 1849 8790

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2OUTPT 4 1 11420

R3OUTPT 18 32

R4OUTPT 11 20

R5OUTPT 11 22

R6OUTPT 23 15

R7OUTPT 23 21

R8OUTPT 24 17

R9OUTPT 39 17

2 14843 3096

4 17334 4015

4 16044 3498

7 14453 3669

9 15946 4130

3 14490 3935

6 13586 3569

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA |

S2OUTPT

S3OUTPT 9

S4OUTPT 8

S5OUTPT 5

S6OUTPT 12

S7OUTPT 12

S8OUTPT 14

S9OUTPT 21

7086 1131

10

Section B: Health

.M=Oth missing .Q=Not asked this wave .R=RF .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.no 1.yes

251

| | | | | | |

1 9123

11

6

5

5

4

3

4

5970

5658 418 9790 2105

6869 537 11287 2677

2 6538 311 10348 2370

4 6306 220 9177 2443

7 6777 380 10200 2749

2 6417 317 9153 2563

4 6206 365 8362 2255

3893 655

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2DENTST R3DENTST R4DENTST R5DENTST R6DENTST R7DENTST R8DENTST R9DENTST 5 17 22 23 39 35 35 28 1 32 20 22 15 21 17 19 11420 1 2 2 10 9 6 6 4518 7184 8134 7583 7343 7497 6890 6428 3698 10757 13206 11949 10760 12567 11521 10736

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2DENTST S3DENTST S4DENTST S5DENTST S6DENTST S7DENTST S8DENTST S9DENTST 2 10 9 10 13 14 14 14 1 10 6 5 5 4 3 5 9123 1 6 5 2 3 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 2290 4173 4623 4259 4085 4164 3805 3426 2256 7722 9340 8455 7532 8785 7911 7198

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2SPCFAC R3SPCFAC R4SPCFAC R5SPCFAC R6SPCFAC R7SPCFAC R8SPCFAC R9SPCFAC 1 6 3 15 14 19 20 52 335 449 499 15 22 18 19 11420 1 3 3 1 9 9 8 9 7520 16535 19449 17788 16708 18391 16674 15546 648 1112 1483 1288 1420 1693 1750 1623

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2SPCFAC S3SPCFAC S4SPCFAC S5SPCFAC S6SPCFAC S7SPCFAC S8SPCFAC S9SPCFAC 2 1 7 3 3 5 24 95 93 107 5 5 3 5 9123 1 4 4 3 4 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 22 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 4304 11250 13067 11958 10852 12065 10804 9804 199 567 818 664 773 895 922 828

How Constructed: RwOUTPT, RwDENTST, RwSPCFAC and RwDRUGS, indicate whether the respondent reports outpatient surgery, dental visits, use of special facilities or services, or regular use of prescription drugs during the reference period. In Wave 2A the reference period is 12 months; in subsequent waves it is the period since the last interview, or the last 2 years for new interviewees. SwDRUGS, SwOUTPT, SwDENTST, and SwSPCFAC give this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. In Wave 1, questions ask about hospital and nursing home stays, doctor visits, and home health care. In Wave 2H, questions are added that ask about prescription drugs. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, questions are added that ask about outpatient surgery, dentist, and special facilities or services. These medical care utilization variables are recoded as yes/no indicators and for missing values. In Wave 2A, the question about outpatient surgery, dental visits, or regular use of prescription drugs was asked of financial and non-financial respondents. When information is available for both respondent types, the FinR's HH-level information may not agree with the information given by individual respondents, in all cases. If there is any disagreement, the respondent's own report is used. Where necessary and possible, we use HH level data to fill missing spouse/partners' information. Only the Financial respondent was asked to answer whether himself/herself, partner or

Section B: Health

252

both have any use of special facilities or services. If Financial respondent answer 'himself/herself' or 'both' then R2SPCFAC set to 1 for yes. In Wave 2A, the S2DRUGS, S2OUTPT, S2DENTST is taken from spouses' or HH-level response. For all other waves, the spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3OUTPT is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3OUTPT variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The questions about medical service utilization vary across waves. Wave 1 and 2A questions ask about the last 12 months, while questions in other waves ask about the period since the previous interview or the last 2 years. In Wave 1, questions ask about hospital and nursing home stays, doctor visits, and home health care. In Wave 2H, questions are added that ask about prescription drugs. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, questions are added that ask about outpatient surgery, dentist, and special facilities or services. In Wave 2A, the Financial respondent was asked the medical utilization and expenditure questions, which differs from all other waves. Questions asked only of the FinR yield HH-level data, and those asked of all respondents yield respondent-level data. Note that when both levels are available the FinR's HH-level information may not agree with the information given by individual respondents in all cases. If there is any disagreement, the respondent's own report is used. Where necessary and possible for utilization variables, we use HH level data to fill missing spouse/partners' information. For prescription drugs, the Wave 2H question asks if the respondent regularly purchases medications prescribed for him/her by a doctor. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 on, the question asks if the respondent regularly takes prescription medications. From Wave 4 forward, if R reported taking drugs when asked about health conditions, the question is not asked, but the variable is filled indicating the use of prescription drugs (Medications Known - Assigned). From Wave 2A and Wave 3 on, questions are added which ask if the respondent has seen a dentist for dental care including dentures; had outpatient surgery, not counting hospital stays; and used any special facility or service not already asked about, such as an adult care center, a social worker, an outpatient rehabilitation program, or transportation or meals for the elderly or disabled. These questions are not asked in Waves 1 and 2H. In Wave 2A, only the Financial respondent was asked to answer either himself/herself, partner or both used special facilities or services.

HRS Variables Used AHEAD 1993: B654R B669R B685R B715 HRS 1994: W433 AHEAD 1995: D1713 D1728 D1744 D1774 HRS 1996: E1795 E1800 E1811 E1831 HRS 1998: F2333 F2335 F2345

E14. E17. E20. E24.

R OUTPATIENT SURGERY LAST 12 MOS R DENTIST LAST 12 MOS R TAKEN MEDS LAST 12 MOS R/SP USE OTHER SERVICE LAST 12 MOS

B33-1a.PURCHASE MEDICATI E14. OUTPATIENT SURGERY E17. DENTIST E20. DRUGS E24.R USE SERVICE E14. OUTPATIENT SURGERY-YR E17.DENTIST-YR E20. DRUGS-YR E24.R USE SERVICE E14. OUTPATIENT SURGERY-YR E17.DENTIST-YR E20. DRUGS-YR

Section B: Health

F2361 HRS 2000: G2610 G2612 G2622 G2638 HRS 2002: HN134 HN164 HN175 HN202 HRS 2004: JN134 JN164 JN175 JN202 HRS 2006: KN134 KN164 KN175 KN202 HRS 2008: LN134 LN164 LN175 LN202

E24.R USE SERVICE E14. OUTPATIENT SURGERY-YR E17.DENTIST-YR E20. DRUGS-YR E24.R USE SERVICE OUTPATIENT SURGERY- PREV IW/2 YRS SEEN DENTIST SINCE PREV IW/2YRS TAKE PRESCRIPTION DRUGS REGULARLY USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS OUTPATIENT SURGERY- PREV IW/2 YRS SEEN DENTIST SINCE PREV IW/2YRS TAKE PRESCRIPTION DRUGS REGULARLY USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS OUTPATIENT SURGERY- PREV IW/2 YRS SEEN DENTIST SINCE PREV IW/2YRS TAKE RX DRUGS REGULARLY USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS OUTPATIENT SURGERY- PREV IW/2 YRS SEEN DENTIST SINCE PREV IW/2YRS TAKE RX DRUGS REGULARLY USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS

253

Section B: Health

254

Medical expenditures: Out of Pocket and Total Wave Variable

Label

Type

2

H2OOPMD

H2OOPMD:W2 HH OOP med exp, prv 12 mos

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1OOPMD R2OOPMD R3OOPMD R4OOPMD R5OOPMD R6OOPMD R7OOPMD R8OOPMD R9OOPMD

R1OOPMD:W1 R2OOPMD:W2 R3OOPMD:W3 R4OOPMD:W4 R5OOPMD:W5 R6OOPMD:W6 R7OOPMD:W7 R8OOPMD:W8 R9OOPMD:W9

Out OOP Out Out Out Out Out Out Out

of pkt med exp, prv 12 mos med exp, prv 1-,2-yr(A,H) of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1OOPMD S2OOPMD S3OOPMD S4OOPMD S5OOPMD S6OOPMD S7OOPMD S8OOPMD S9OOPMD

S1OOPMD:W1 S2OOPMD:W2 S3OOPMD:W3 S4OOPMD:W4 S5OOPMD:W5 S6OOPMD:W6 S7OOPMD:W7 S8OOPMD:W8 S9OOPMD:W9

Out OOP Out Out Out Out Out Out Out

of pkt med exp, prv 12 mos med exp, prv 1-,2-yr(A,H) of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs of pkt med exp, prv 2 yrs

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2

H2OOPMDF

H2OOPMDF:W2 HH Out of pkt imputed

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1OOPMDF R2OOPMDF R3OOPMDF R4OOPMDF R5OOPMDF R6OOPMDF R7OOPMDF R8OOPMDF R9OOPMDF

R1OOPMDF:W1 R2OOPMDF:W2 R3OOPMDF:W3 R4OOPMDF:W4 R5OOPMDF:W5 R6OOPMDF:W6 R7OOPMDF:W7 R8OOPMDF:W8 R9OOPMDF:W9

Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out

of of of of of of of of of

pkt pkt pkt pkt pkt pkt pkt pkt pkt

imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1OOPMDF S2OOPMDF S3OOPMDF S4OOPMDF S5OOPMDF S6OOPMDF S7OOPMDF S8OOPMDF S9OOPMDF

S1OOPMDF:W1 S2OOPMDF:W2 S3OOPMDF:W3 S4OOPMDF:W4 S5OOPMDF:W5 S6OOPMDF:W6 S7OOPMDF:W7 S8OOPMDF:W8 S9OOPMDF:W9

Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out Out

of of of of of of of of of

pkt pkt pkt pkt pkt pkt pkt pkt pkt

imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

H2OOPMA

H2OOPMA:W2 HH OOP MedExp for all,prv 12 mos

Cont

2

H2OOPMAF

H2OOPMAF:W2 HH OOP imputed for all

Categ

1 2 3

R1TOTMD R2TOTMD R3TOTMD

R1TOTMD:W1 Tot. med expenses, prv 12 mos R2TOTMD:W2 Tot. Mexexp, prv 1-,2-yr(A,H) R3TOTMD:W3 Total med expenses, prv 2 yrs

Cont Cont Cont

Section B: Health

255

4 5 6

R4TOTMD R5TOTMD R6TOTMD

R4TOTMD:W4 Total med expenses, prv 2 yrs R5TOTMD:W5 Total med expenses, prv 2 yrs R6TOTMD:W6 Total med expenses, prv 2 yrs

Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6

S1TOTMD S2TOTMD S3TOTMD S4TOTMD S5TOTMD S6TOTMD

S1TOTMD:W1 S2TOTMD:W2 S3TOTMD:W3 S4TOTMD:W4 S5TOTMD:W5 S6TOTMD:W6

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6

R1TOTMDF R2TOTMDF R3TOTMDF R4TOTMDF R5TOTMDF R6TOTMDF

R1TOTMDF:W1 R2TOTMDF:W2 R3TOTMDF:W3 R4TOTMDF:W4 R5TOTMDF:W5 R6TOTMDF:W6

Total Total Total Total Total Total

med med med med med med

imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6

S1TOTMDF S2TOTMDF S3TOTMDF S4TOTMDF S5TOTMDF S6TOTMDF

S1TOTMDF:W1 S2TOTMDF:W2 S3TOTMDF:W3 S4TOTMDF:W4 S5TOTMDF:W5 S6TOTMDF:W6

Total Total Total Total Total Total

med med med med med med

imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed imputed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6

R3TOTMB R4TOTMB R5TOTMB R6TOTMB

R3TOTMB:W3 R4TOTMB:W4 R5TOTMB:W5 R6TOTMB:W6

Tot Tot Tot Tot

Med Med Med Med

Exp Exp Exp Exp

Bkt, Bkt, Bkt, Bkt,

prv prv prv prv

2-yrs 2-yrs 2-yrs 2-yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6

S3TOTMB S4TOTMB S5TOTMB S6TOTMB

S3TOTMB:W3 S4TOTMB:W4 S5TOTMB:W5 S6TOTMB:W6

Tot Tot Tot Tot

Med Med Med Med

Exp Exp Exp Exp

Bkt, Bkt, Bkt, Bkt,

prv prv prv prv

2-yrs 2-yrs 2-yrs 2-yrs

Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6

R3TOTMBI R4TOTMBI R5TOTMBI R6TOTMBI

R3TOTMBI:W3 R4TOTMBI:W4 R5TOTMBI:W5 R6TOTMBI:W6

Imputed Imputed Imputed Imputed

Tot Tot Tot Tot

Med Med Med Med

Exp Exp Exp Exp

Bkt Bkt Bkt Bkt

Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6

S3TOTMBI S4TOTMBI S5TOTMBI S6TOTMBI

S3TOTMBI:W3 S4TOTMBI:W4 S5TOTMBI:W5 S6TOTMBI:W6

Imputed Imputed Imputed Imputed

Tot Tot Tot Tot

Med Med Med Med

Exp Exp Exp Exp

Bkt Bkt Bkt Bkt

Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6

R3TOTMBF R4TOTMBF R5TOTMBF R6TOTMBF

R3TOTMBF:W3 R4TOTMBF:W4 R5TOTMBF:W5 R6TOTMBF:W6

Tot Tot Tot Tot

Med Med Med Med

Exp Exp Exp Exp

Bkt, Bkt, Bkt, Bkt,

ImpFlag ImpFlag ImpFlag ImpFlag

Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6

S3TOTMBF S4TOTMBF S5TOTMBF S6TOTMBF

S3TOTMBF:W3 S4TOTMBF:W4 S5TOTMBF:W5 S6TOTMBF:W6

Tot Tot Tot Tot

Med Med Med Med

Exp Exp Exp Exp

Bkt, Bkt, Bkt, Bkt,

ImpFlag ImpFlag ImpFlag ImpFlag

Categ Categ Categ Categ

8

R8PARTD

R8PARTD:W8 Medicare Part D status

Tot. med expenses, prv 12 mos Tot. Mexexp, prv 1-,2-yr(A,H) Total med expenses, prv 2 yrs Total med expenses, prv 2 yrs Total med expenses, prv 2 yrs Total med expenses, prv 2 yrs

Categ

Section B: Health

8

256

S8PARTD

S8PARTD:W8 Medicare Part D status

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H2OOPMD

8222

966.806

2629.932

0.000

60400.000

R1OOPMD R2OOPMD R3OOPMD R4OOPMD R5OOPMD R6OOPMD R7OOPMD R8OOPMD R9OOPMD

12652 19817 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1317.248 1162.051 2291.480 2239.717 2492.328 3829.609 4478.375 3583.653 3502.437

3789.913 3574.808 7075.846 6427.628 6987.827 14787.687 16866.922 9726.836 11134.453

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

118802.685 115479.141 286462.854 203539.186 230800.000 1206575.000 840000.000 289210.000 601000.000

S1OOPMD S2OOPMD S3OOPMD S4OOPMD S5OOPMD S6OOPMD S7OOPMD S8OOPMD S9OOPMD

9900 13288 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1320.803 1226.009 2165.891 2028.745 2199.030 3412.520 4044.077 3242.682 3073.102

3762.742 3811.036 6092.356 5136.358 5412.895 14227.036 14632.612 7835.025 6688.892

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

118802.685 115479.141 255350.000 132500.000 230800.000 1206575.000 840000.000 289210.000 262200.000

H2OOPMDF

8222

0.204

0.403

0.000

1.000

R1OOPMDF R2OOPMDF R3OOPMDF R4OOPMDF R5OOPMDF R6OOPMDF R7OOPMDF R8OOPMDF R9OOPMDF

12652 19817 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.000 0.932 0.232 0.177 0.158 0.231 0.200 0.213 0.198

0.000 0.571 0.422 0.382 0.365 0.422 0.400 0.409 0.398

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 2.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1OOPMDF S2OOPMDF S3OOPMDF S4OOPMDF S5OOPMDF S6OOPMDF S7OOPMDF S8OOPMDF S9OOPMDF

9900 13288 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.000 1.119 0.224 0.174 0.157 0.225 0.197 0.209 0.187

0.000 0.509 0.417 0.380 0.363 0.418 0.397 0.407 0.390

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 2.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

H2OOPMA

8222

1031.262

2719.788

0.000

60400.000

H2OOPMAF

8222

0.234

0.423

0.000

1.000

R1TOTMD R2TOTMD R3TOTMD R4TOTMD R5TOTMD R6TOTMD

12652 19817 17991 21384 19579 18167

5492.553 7124.288 10835.754 11111.339 13493.004 21410.982

19803.944 25532.898 35855.491 34022.086 41875.311 62837.365

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

487034.750 882559.159 1028627.317 1036858.557 1134490.259 1242371.235

S1TOTMD

9900

5249.402

17926.249

0.000

478850.095

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257

S2TOTMD S3TOTMD S4TOTMD S5TOTMD S6TOTMD

13088 11915 13978 12730 11641

6611.183 9745.790 10050.333 11748.088 19052.837

24130.844 31123.480 30391.284 34611.037 58020.877

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

733645.835 1000000.000 1036858.557 761517.211 997824.928

R1TOTMDF R2TOTMDF R3TOTMDF R4TOTMDF R5TOTMDF R6TOTMDF

12652 19817 17991 21384 19579 18167

1.000 1.000 0.676 0.822 0.811 0.822

0.000 0.000 0.468 0.382 0.392 0.382

1.000 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1TOTMDF S2TOTMDF S3TOTMDF S4TOTMDF S5TOTMDF S6TOTMDF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641

1.000 1.000 0.621 0.828 0.818 0.823

0.000 0.000 0.485 0.378 0.385 0.382

1.000 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R3TOTMB R4TOTMB R5TOTMB R6TOTMB

17363 20777 19070 17749

4.404 6.015 6.152 8.576

4.694 7.108 6.968 8.720

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

26.000 26.000 26.000 26.000

S3TOTMB S4TOTMB S5TOTMB S6TOTMB

11519 13610 12437 11389

4.076 5.588 5.654 8.379

4.186 6.696 6.493 8.702

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

26.000 26.000 26.000 26.000

R3TOTMBI R4TOTMBI R5TOTMBI R6TOTMBI

17363 20777 19070 17749

3.448 3.565 3.783 4.275

2.007 2.011 2.057 2.210

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000

S3TOTMBI S4TOTMBI S5TOTMBI S6TOTMBI

11519 13610 12437 11389

3.356 3.475 3.670 4.147

1.945 1.971 1.998 2.149

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

11.000 11.000 11.000 11.000

R3TOTMBF R4TOTMBF R5TOTMBF R6TOTMBF

17363 20777 19070 17749

0.045 0.115 0.115 0.209

0.208 0.319 0.318 0.407

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S3TOTMBF S4TOTMBF S5TOTMBF S6TOTMBF

11519 13610 12437 11389

0.033 0.097 0.094 0.202

0.179 0.296 0.292 0.401

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R8PARTD

18469

0.409

0.730

0.000

2.000

S8PARTD

11735

0.342

0.685

0.000

2.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.Not imputed | 1.Imputed |

H2OOPMDF 11420 6545 1677

Value-------------------------|R1OOPMDF R2OOPMDF R3OOPMDF R4OOPMDF R5OOPMDF R6OOPMDF R7OOPMDF R8OOPMDF R9OOPMDF 0.Not imputed | 3945 13817 17601 16486 13966 16097 14537 13815

Section B: Health

1.Imputed 2.Couple allocation

258

| |

12652

13266 2606

4174

3783

3093

4201

4032

3932

3402

Value-------------------------|S1OOPMDF S2OOPMDF S3OOPMDF S4OOPMDF S5OOPMDF S6OOPMDF S7OOPMDF S8OOPMDF S9OOPMDF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.Not imputed | 1026 9242 11539 10736 9021 10421 9277 8658 1.Imputed | 9900 9658 2673 2439 1994 2620 2551 2458 1988 2.Couple allocation | 2604 Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.Not imputed | 1.Imputed |

H2OOPMAF 11420 6300 1922

Value-------------------------|R1TOTMDF R2TOTMDF R3TOTMDF R4TOTMDF R5TOTMDF R6TOTMDF 0.Not imputed | 5834 3804 3700 3231 1.Imputed | 12652 19817 12157 17580 15879 14936 Value-------------------------|S1TOTMDF S2TOTMDF S3TOTMDF S4TOTMDF S5TOTMDF S6TOTMDF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 0.Not imputed | 4512 2411 2311 2062 1.Imputed | 9900 13088 7403 11567 10419 9579 Value-------------------------| .N : no utilization | 1 : 0 to 1000| 2 : about 1000 | 3 : 1001 to 5000| 4 : about 5000 | 5 : 5001 to 25000| 6 : about 25000 | 7 : 25001 to 100000| 8 : about 100000 | 9 : 100001 to 500000| 10: about 500000 | 11: 500000 above | 12 : 0 - 5000| 13 : 0 - 25000| 14 : 0 - 100000| 19 : 1001 above | 22 : 5001 above | 24 : 25001 above | 25 : 100001 above | 26 : No bracket reported |

R3TOTMB 628 4121 339 5734 234 4308 39 1476 26 276

Value-------------------------| .N : no utilization | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1 : 0 to 1000| 2 : about 1000 | 3 : 1001 to 5000| 4 : about 5000 | 5 : 5001 to 25000| 6 : about 25000 | 7 : 25001 to 100000| 8 : about 100000 | 9 : 100001 to 500000| 10: about 500000 | 11: 500000 above | 12 : 0 - 5000| 13 : 0 - 25000| 14 : 0 - 100000| 19 : 1001 above | 22 : 5001 above | 24 : 25001 above | 25 : 100001 above | 26 : No bracket reported |

S3TOTMB 396 5658 418 2849 270 3962 175 2791 31 864 23 163

25 96

131 41 8 509

10 45

49 24 1 262

R4TOTMB 607 4060 1134 5205 1308 4124 583 1531 148 259 24 19 90 66

R5TOTMB 509 3177 1022 4654 1332 3929 603 1614 215 287 19 34 73 91

51 85 54 9 2027

89 108 70 10 1743

S4TOTMB 368 6869 537 2808 757 3616 848 2705 346 942 81 163 11 10 46 37

S5TOTMB 293 6538 311 2207 667 3276 864 2631 354 960 122 163 11 13 37 41

13 40 27 6 1154

45 42 27 8 969

R6TOTMB 418 2036 725 3161 1132 3690 655 1787 264 462 37 84 82 67 113 58 360 27 3009 S6TOTMB 252 6306 220 1357 488 2141 759 2432 392 1041 149 261 22 51 47 31 55 28 170 9 1956

Section B: Health

259

Value-------------------------| .N : no utilization | 1 : 0 to 1000| 2 : about 1000 | 3 : 1001 to 5000| 4 : about 5000 | 5 : 5001 to 25000| 6 : about 25000 | 7 : 25001 to 100000| 8 : about 100000 | 9 : 100001 to 500000| 10: about 500000 | 11: 500000 above |

R3TOTMBI R4TOTMBI R5TOTMBI R6TOTMBI 628 607 509 418 4424 4677 3621 2619 686 1299 1177 931 5544 5897 5261 4018 638 1455 1480 1409 4092 4586 4376 4530 140 636 681 788 1475 1708 1817 2357 67 168 247 342 267 303 341 585 26 23 49 30 22 46 121

Value-------------------------| .N : no utilization | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1 : 0 to 1000| 2 : about 1000 | 3 : 1001 to 5000| 4 : about 5000 | 5 : 5001 to 25000| 6 : about 25000 | 7 : 25001 to 100000| 8 : about 100000 | 9 : 100001 to 500000| 10: about 500000 | 11: 500000 above |

S3TOTMBI S4TOTMBI S5TOTMBI S6TOTMBI 396 368 293 252 5658 6869 6538 6306 418 537 311 220 2974 3183 2479 1746 528 856 759 624 3804 4024 3606 2699 454 925 949 960 2599 2944 2854 2958 98 370 395 474 854 1012 1035 1330 52 91 139 183 145 183 191 324 11 12 28 11 11 18 63

Value-------------------------| .N=No utilization | 0.Not imputed | 1.Imputed |

R3TOTMBF R4TOTMBF R5TOTMBF R6TOTMBF 628 607 509 418 16578 18395 16886 14033 785 2382 2184 3716

Value-------------------------| .N=No utilization | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Not imputed | 1.Imputed |

S3TOTMBF S4TOTMBF S5TOTMBF S6TOTMBF 396 368 293 252 5658 6869 6538 6306 418 537 311 220 11138 12287 11268 9093 381 1323 1169 2296

Value-------------------------| 0.No part D | 1.Part D but no change | 2.Part D and change in use or |

R8PARTD 13602 2180 2687

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No part D | 1.Part D but no change | 2.Part D and change in use or |

S8PARTD 6417 317 9159 1142 1434

How Constructed: RwOOPMD is the total out of pocket medical expenditure in the reference period. In Wave 1 and 2A the reference period is 12 months; in other waves it is the period since the last interview, or the last 2 years for new interviewees. RwTOTMB provides the estimated bracket for total medical expenditure, including that paid by insurance. This information is obtained from unfolding bracket questions, except if a continuous estimate is given in Wave 3H. In that case, RwTOTMB, RwTOTMBI provides the same, but with incomplete brackets imputed, and RwTOTMD is total medical expenditures in the same period, a continuous value that is imputed if missing. RwOOPMDF. RwTOTMBF, and RwTOTMDF indicate whether RwOOPMD, RwTOTMBI, and RwTOTMD are imputed. RwTOTMB, RwTOTMBI, and RwTOTMBF are available from Wave 3 to Wave 6. SwOOPMD, SwOOPMDF, SwTOTMB, SwTOTMBI, SwTOTMBF, SwTOTMD, and SwTOTMDF are this information for the respondent's spouse or partner.

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260

Note that in versions after Version G we plan to drop RwTOTMD and SwTOTMD, except for Wave 3H, the only wave where a continuous value for total medical expenditures was obtained. We will introduce the RwTOTMB, RwTOTMBI, SwTOTMB, and SwTOTMBI variables for Waves 3A, 4, 5, and 6 and will continue to provide these beyond Version G of the RAND HRS. H2OOPMD, H2OOPMDF, H2OOPMA, H2OOPMAF are the total out of pocket medical expenditure at the HHlevel. Total medical expenditures are imputed for all cases in Waves 1, 2. expenditures are imputed for all cases in Waves 1 and 2H.

Out of pocket medical

In Wave 2A, for out of pocket expenses, only Financial respondent was asked about nursing home costs and everything else lumped together (excluding nursing home). For nursing home expenditure, we are able to allocate the expense to either respondent or partner so we can impute this at the individual level. For out of pocket expense excluding nursing home, it is imputed at the HH-level and then allocated to individuals. The HH-level imputed values are included in the file(H2OOPMD), along with the individual level out of pocket expense(R2OOPMD). Also we include an additional variable for total HH-level OOP medical expenses (H2OOPMA) that include all expenses, not just those for which utilization is explicitly asked, i.e., to impute using ownership=1 for all HH, regardless of utilization and insurance coverage. H2OOPMD and H2OOPMA and their imputation flags are set to .Q for Wave 2H. Beginning in Wave 3, medical expenditures are imputed if missing. In Wave 3A and from Wave 4 to Wave 6, only bracket ranges are available for total medical expenditures, so these are always imputed in RwTOTMD. Total medical expenditures are imputed as one total cost. The bracket information for total medical expenditures from Waves 3A, 4, 5, and 6 is provided as collected in RwTOTMB. In Wave 3H, RwTOTMB is derived using both the continuous value given and, if missing, the unfolding bracket question responses. RwTOTMBI is derived from RwTOTMB with incomplete brackets imputed using the standard imputation methods. Note that total medical expenditures is not asked beginning in Wave 7. In Wave 3A the answer to an unfolding bracket question did not include the “about” amounts that are allowed from Wave 4 forward. So in Wave 3A, the ranges include the upper limit, e.g., 0 to 1000- means $0 to $1000 while in later waves it means $0 to $999. For out of pocket expenses, all components are imputed separately. In Wave 3A, 4 and 5, the components are (1) hospital and nursing home costs; (2)doctor, dentist, and outpatient surgery costs; (3)average monthly prescription drug costs; and (4)home health care and special facilities or services costs. Beginning in Wave 6, the components are (1) hospital costs; (2) nursing home costs; (3)doctor visits costs; (4)dentist costs; (5)outpatient surgery costs; (6)average monthly prescription drug costs; (7) home health care and (8) special facilities cost. In Wave 8 only, average monthly prescription drug costs can be reported in three places. For those whose prescription drug use and cost are unaffected by Medicare Part D, the reported or imputed monthly average is multiplied by 24 months to estimate drug costs for the last two years. For those enrolled in Part D and whose use or cost changed, the average monthly costs for both before and after Part D are reported or imputed. The number of months after Part D to the current interview is estimated using January 2006 as the month Part D begins. Total prescription drug costs for the last two years is derived as the sum of the number of Part D months is multiplied by the post-Part D average monthly costs plus 24 less that number is multiplied by the pre-Part D costs. RwPARTD contains the flag for Medicare Part D status. The RwPARTD variable has the following format: 0=No part D, 1=Part D but no change, 2=Part D and change in use or cost. Please see the section titled "Health Care Utilization and Medical Expenditures" earlier in this document for a description of the imputation method. A number of covariates are used in the imputations including health insurance as derived for this file(RwHIGOV, RwCOVR, RwCOVS). From Wave 3 forward, the out of pocket components are summed. Prescription drugs, which are reported as a monthly amount, are multiplied by 24 months. All amounts are reported in nominal dollars.

Section B: Health

261

In Wave 2A, the S2OOPMD, S2OOPMDF are taken from spouses' or HH-level response. For all other waves, the spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3OOPMD is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3OOPMD.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, questions ask about medical utilization in the last 12 months, i.e., hospital and nursing home stays, doctor visits, and home health care, but there are no questions about medical expenditures. In Wave 2H, medical utilization questions cover the last 2 years or the period since last interview, and other questions ask about total costs, out of pocket and including insurance, of hospitals, nursing homes, and doctors all together. In Wave 2A, questions ask Financial respondents and individual respondents about medical utilization in the last 12 months, and other questions ask about out of pocket costs for nursing home and everything else lumped together (excluding nursing home). Medical expenditure questions are asked only of the Financial Respondent. In Waves 3 and forward, medical utilization questions cover the last 2 years or the period since last interview. In Wave 3, 4 and 5, questions ask about out of pocket costs for hospital/nursing home, doctors/dentists/outpatient surgery, prescription drugs per month, and in-home medical care/special facilities, separately. Beginning in Wave 6, all the questions were asked separately. If the continuous value is not given, then unfolding bracket questions are asked. To impute missing values falling in the highest bracket range for nursing home costs, we used the "nearest neighbor" approach rather than the tobit draw usually used for the open-ended bracket at the top of the distribution (see Amount Imputation in Wealth and Income Imputations for imputation methodology as well as Health Care Utilization and Medical Expenditures). The tobit model was a particularly poor fit for the data, and we determined that were no extreme outliers in the distribution of reported continuous values that would be used as the nearest neighbor donor pool. Beginning in Wave 7, another value (6) is included as an answer to “Were Outpatient Surgery Costs covered by Health Insurance? 1)COMPLETELY COVERED; 2)MOSTLY COVERED; 3)PARTIALLY COVERED; 5)NOT COVERED AT ALL; 6)No charge (professional courtesy, friend or relative provided services; part of a study, free clinic, pro bono); 7)COSTS NOT SETTLED YET”. In Wave 8, prescription drug expenses are reported differently depending on Medicare Part D experience. For those who are enrolled in Medicare Part D and report a change in their use or costs of prescription drugs, two sets of questions are asked, one for the 12 months before Part D coverage, and the other for the time since being enrolled in Part D. Those not enrolled in Part D or who reported no change in their drug use or costs are asked the same questions as asked in prior waves. In Wave 9, all respondents are asked the same questions as in Wave 7. In Wave 3H, another question asks for total medical expenditures (including costs covered by insurance), and if not given as a continuous value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. In Wave 3A and Waves 4 to 6, total medical expenditures are asked only as unfolding brackets, i.e., no continuous amount is asked. Beginning in Wave 4, the question asks if the amount is more than, less than, or about a given value. In Wave 3A, the question only asked if the amount was more than a given amount. In Waves 1 an 2, and from Wave 7 forward, there are neither unfolding brackets nor continuous amounts. Beginning with Tracker 2004 V1, HRS implemented a verified nursing home residence flag for each wave, xNURSHM, e.g., GNURSHM for Wave 5 (2000). From Wave 5 forward, there are cases at each interview where this information conflicts with nursing home residency reported in the core data cover sheet section. In the questions about nursing home utilization, a cover-sheet reported nursing home resident is assigned as Yes for any nursing home stays by default. In some cases where Tracker indicates residence is NOT a nursing home, the interviewer had over-ridden this with

Section B: Health

262

a No for any nursing home stays, but in many cases this did not occur. We examine these cases for length of stay, residency move-in date, and missing answers to estimate whether there is any nursing home utilization besides the residency reported in the core data, which HRS has determined is NOT a nursing home. Please see Medical Care Utilization: Nursing Home for more details on how these items are assessed.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10533 V10536 V10539 V10541 V533 V536 V539 V541 AHEAD 1993: B605R B610 B622R B627 B629 B629C B640 B642 B654R B657 B669R B672 B685R B689 B701 B703 B715 B740 B740C HRS 1994: W415 W419 W420 W424 AHEAD 1995: D1664 D1669 D1681 D1686 D1688 D1689B D1698 D1701 D1713 D1716 D1728 D1731 D1732 D1733B D1744 D1748 D1749 D1750B D1760 D1762

B45:PST YR:HOSP OVRN:IND B46:PST YR:EVR IF NR:IND B47:YR:TIMES W/ DOCT:IND B49:PST YR:PRO NURS :IND B45:PST YR:HOSP OVRN:IMP B46:PST YR:EVR IF NR:IMP B47:YR:TIMES W/ DOCT:IMP B49:PST YR:PRO NURS :IMP E1. R IN HOSPITAL LAST 12 MOS E4. HOSPITAL $ NOT COVERED BY INS E5. R IN NURSING HOME LAST 12 MOS E8. NURSING HOME $ NOT COVERED BY INS E10. $ R/SP PAY NURSING HOME CATEG: E10. $ R/SP PAY NURSING HOME E12. #TIMES R TALK TO DOCTOR LAST 12 MOS E13. R/SP DOCTOR FEE NOT COVERED BY INS E14. R OUTPATIENT SURGERY LAST 12 MOS E16. R/SP OUTPT SURG $ NOT COVER BY INS E17. R DENTIST LAST 12 MOS E18. R/SP DENTIST $ NOT COVER BY INS E20. R TAKEN MEDS LAST 12 MOS E21. R/SP MEDS NOT COVERED LAST 12 MOS E22. R/SP IN-HOME MED SERV NOT COVERED E23. R/SP IN-HOME NOT COVER LAST 12 MOS E24. R/SP USE OTHER SERVICE LAST 12 MOS E26. $ R/SP PAY ANY MED EXP LAST 12 MOS CATEG: E26. $ R/SP PAY ANY MED EXP B30.NURSING HOME OVERNIG B30c.NURSING HOME COSTS B31.NUMBER OF DOCTOR VIS B33.PROFESSIONAL NURSING E1. HOSPITAL E4. HOSP $ NOT COV E5. NURSING HOME E8.NURHM NOT COV E10. NURHM OR HOSP R PAY E10. NURHM OR HOSP R PAY E11. DR TIMES E13.DR, NOT COV E14. OUTPATIENT SURGERY E16. OUTSURG, NOT COV E17. DENTIST E18. DENTIST, NOT COV E18A.DOCTOR/OUT/DENTAL R E18A.DOCTOR/OUT/DENTAL R E20. DRUGS E21. DRUGS, NOT COV E21A.PRESCR R PAY $ E21A.PRESCR R PAY $/Bkt E22.IN-HOME SERV E23. IN-HOME R PAY $

$ $/Bkt

PAY $ PAY $/Bkt

Section B: Health

D1774 D1781 D1782B HRS 1996: E1770 E1775 E1776 E1781 E1783 E1784 E1785 E1786 E1787 E1788 E1790 E1793 E1795 E1798 E1800 E1803 E1804 E1805 E1806 E1807 E1808 E1809 E1811 E1815 E1816 E1817 E1818 E1819 E1820 E1821 E1827 E1827 E1829 E1831 E1834 E1834 E1835 E1836 E1837 E1838 E1839 E1841 E1842 E1843 E1844 E1845 E1846 E240 HRS 1998: F2295 F2298 F2299 F2304 F2305 F2306 F2307 F2308 F2309 F2310

E24.R USE SERVICE E24A.SPECIAL R PAY $ E24A.SPECIAL R PAY $/Bkt E1. HOSPITAL-YR E4. HOSP $ NOT COV E5. NURSING HOME-YR E8.NURHM NOT COV E10. NURHM OR HOSP R PAY $ E10A. NURHM OR HOSP R PAY $ DK-1 E10B. NURHM OR HOSP R PAY $ DK-2 E10C. NURHM OR HOSP R PAY $ DK-3 E10D. NURHM OR HOSP R PAY $ DK-4 E10E. NURHM OR HOSP R PAY $ DK-5 E11. DR TIMES E13.DR, NOT COV E14. OUTPATIENT SURGERY-YR E16. OUTSURG, NOT COV E17.DENTIST-YR E18. DENTIST, NOT COV E18A.DOCTOR/OUT/DENTAL R PAY $ E18B.DR/OUT/DENTAL $ DK-1 E18C.DR/OUT/DENTAL $ DK-2 E18D.DR/OUT/DENTAL $ DK-3 E18E.DR/OUT/DENTAL $ DK-4 E18F.DR/OUT/DENTAL $ DK-5 E20. DRUGS-YR E21. DRUGS, NOT COV E21A.PRESCR R PAY $ E21B.PRESCR R PAY $ DK-1 E21C.PRESCR R PAY $ DK-2 E21D.PRESCR R PAY $ DK-3 E21E.PRESCR R PAY $ DK-4 E21F.PRESCR R PAY $ DK-5 E22.IN-HOME SERV E22.IN-HOME SERV E23. IN-HOME R PAY $ E24.R USE SERVICE E24A.SPECIAL R PAY $ E24A.SPECIAL R PAY $ E24B.SPECIAL R PAY $ DK-1 E24C.SPECIAL R PAY $ DK-2 E24D.SPECIAL R PAY $ DK-3 E24E.SPECIAL R PAY $ DK-4 E24F.SPECIAL R PAY $ DK-5 E26.TOTAL COST MEDICAL E26A.TOTAL MEDICAL $ DK-5K E26B.TOTAL MEDICAL $ DK-1K E26C.TOTAL MEDICAL $ DK-25K E26D.TOTAL MEDICAL $ DK-100K E26E.TOTAL MEDICAL $ DK-500K CS11.R-WHERE LIVE E1. HOSPITAL-YR E4. HOSP $ NOT COV E5. NURSING HOME-YR E8.NURHM NOT COV E10. NURHM OR HOSP R PAY $ E10A. NURHM OR HOSP DK-1 E10B. NURHM OR HOSP DK-2 E10C. NURHM OR HOSP DK-3 E10B1. NURHM OR HOSP DK-2 E10B1. NURHM OR HOSP DK-2

263

Section B: Health

F2311 F2312 F2331 F2332 F2333 F2334 F2335 F2336 F2337 F2338 F2339 F2340 F2341 F2342 F2343 F2344 F2345 F2346 F2347 F2348 F2349 F2350 F2351 F2352 F2353 F2354 F2357 F2357 F2359 F2361 F2361 F2364 F2365 F2366 F2367 F2368 F2369 F2383 F2384 F2385 F2386 F2387 F517 HRS 2000: G2567 G2570 G2571 G2576 G2577 G2578 G2579 G2580 G2581 G2582 G2583 G2584 G2603 G2609 G2610 G2611 G2612 G2613 G2614

E10D. NURHM OR HOSP DK-4 E10E. NURHM OR HOSP DK-5 E11. DR TIMES E13.DR, NOT COV E14. OUTPATIENT SURGERY-YR E16. OUTSURG, NOT COV E17.DENTIST-YR E18. DENTIST, NOT COV E18A.DOCTOR/OUT/DENTAL R PAY $ E18B.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-1 E18C.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-2 E18D.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-3 E18E.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-4 E18C1.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-2 E18F.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-4 E18G.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-5 E20. DRUGS-YR E21. DRUGS, NOT COV E21A.PRESCR R PAY $ E21B.PRESCR DK-1 E21C.PRESCR DK-2 E21D.PRESCR DK-3 E21E.PRESCR DK-4 E21B1.PRESCR DK-2 E21E.PRESCR DK-4 E21F.PRESCR DK-5 E22.IN-HOME SERV E22.IN-HOME SERV E23. IN-HOME R PAY $ E24.R USE SERVICE E24.R USE SERVICE E24A.SPECIAL R PAY $ E24B.SPECIAL DK-1 E24C.SPECIAL DK-2 E24D.SPECIAL DK-3 E24E.SPECIAL DK-4 E24F.SPECIAL DK-5 E26.TOTAL COST MEDICAL-5K E26A.TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS-2ND E26B.TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS-3RD E26C.TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS-4TH E26D.TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS-5TH CS11.R IN NURSING HOME E1. HOSPITAL-YR E4. HOSP $ NOT COV E5. NURSING HOME-YR E8.NURHM NOT COV E10. NURHM OR HOSP R PAY $ E10A. NURHM OR HOSP DK-1 E10B. NURHM OR HOSP DK-2 E10C. NURHM OR HOSP DK-3 E10B1. NURHM OR HOSP DK-2 E10Y1B1. NURHM OR HOSP DK-2 E10D. NURHM OR HOSP DK-4 E10E. NURHM OR HOSP DK-5 E11. DR TIMES E13.DR-NOT COVERED E14. OUTPATIENT SURGERY-YR E16. OUTSURG-NOT COVERED E17.DENTIST-YR E18. DENTIST-NOT COVERED E18A.DOCTOR/OUT/DENTAL R PAY $

264

Section B: Health

G2615 G2616 G2617 G2618 G2619 G2620 G2621 G2622 G2623 G2624 G2625 G2626 G2627 G2628 G2629 G2630 G2631 G2634 G2634 G2636 G2638 G2638 G2641 G2642 G2643 G2644 G2645 G2646 G2660 G2661 G2683 G2684 G2685 G558 HRS 2002: HA028 HN099 HN102 HN106 HN107 HN108 HN109 HN114 HN118 HN119 HN120 HN121 HN122 HN134 HN135 HN139 HN140 HN141 HN142 HN147 HN148 HN149 HN150 HN151 HN152 HN156 HN157 HN158

E18B.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-1 E18C.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-2 E18D.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-3 E18E.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-4 E18C1.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-2 E18F.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-4 E18G.DR/OUT/DENTAL DK-5 E20. DRUGS-YR E21. DRUGS-NOT COVERED E21A.PRESCR R PAY $ E21B.PRESCR DK-1 E21C.PRESCR DK-2 E21D.PRESCR DK-3 E21E.PRESCR DK-4 E21B1.PRESCR DK-2 E21Y1E.PRESCR DK-4 E21F.PRESCR DK-5 E22.IN-HOME SERV E22.IN-HOME SERV E23. IN-HOME R PAY $ E24.R USE SERVICE E24.R USE SERVICE E24A.SPECIAL R PAY $ E24B.SPECIAL DK-1 E24C.SPECIAL DK-2 E24D.SPECIAL DK-3 E24E.SPECIAL DK-4 E24F.SPECIAL DK-5 E26.TOTAL COST MEDICAL-5K E26A.TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS-2ND E26B.TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS-3RD E26C.TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS-4TH E26D.TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS-5TH CS11.R IN NURSING HOME R IN NURSING HOME OVERNIGHT STAY IN HOSP-SINCE PREV IW/2YR HOSPITAL STAYS COVERED BY INS AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - MIN AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - MAX AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - RESULT EVER PATIENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME NH COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- MIN AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- MAX AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- RESULT OUTPATIENT SURGERY- PREV IW/2 YRS OUTPATIENT SURG COSTS COVERED BY HI AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - MIN AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - MAX AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - RESULT # TIMES SEEN DR- PREV IW/2 YRS NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 20X NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 5X HAS R SOUGHT DOC ADVICE IN PAST 2 YRS R SEEK DOC ADVICE 50X DOCTOR VISITS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - MAX

265

Section B: Health

HN159 HN164 HN165 HN168 HN169 HN170 HN171 HN175 HN176 HN180 HN181 HN182 HN183 HN189 HN189 HN190 HN194 HN195 HN196 HN197 HN202 HN202 HN204 HN221 HN222 HN223 HN224 HN239 HRS 2004: JA028 JN099 JN102 JN106 JN107 JN108 JN109 JN114 JN118 JN119 JN120 JN121 JN122 JN134 JN135 JN139 JN140 JN141 JN142 JN147 JN148 JN149 JN150 JN151 JN152 JN156 JN157 JN158 JN159 JN164 JN165 JN168 JN169 JN170

AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - RESULT SEEN DENTIST SINCE PREV IW/2YRS DENTAL COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - MAX AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - RESULT TAKE PRESCRIPTION DRUGS REGULARLY DRUG COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- MIN AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- MAX AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- RESULT USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS HOME HEALTH SERVICE COST COVERED BY INS AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - MAX AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - RESULT USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS ASSIGN HOSPITAL COSTS TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS - MIN TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS - MAX TOTAL MEDICAL COSTS - RESULT AMT PAY O-O-P OTHER HEALTH SERVICE R IN NURSING HOME OVERNIGHT STAY IN HOSP-SINCE PREV IW/2YR HOSPITAL STAYS COVERED BY INS AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - MIN AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - MAX AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - RESULT EVER PATIENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME NH COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- MIN AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- MAX AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- RESULT OUTPATIENT SURGERY- PREV IW/2 YRS OUTPATIENT SURG COSTS COVERED BY HI AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - MIN AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - MAX AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - RESULT # TIMES SEEN DR- PREV IW/2 YRS NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 20X NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 5X HAS R SOUGHT DOC ADVICE IN PAST 2 YRS R SEEK DOC ADVICE 50X DOCTOR VISITS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - MAX AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - RESULT SEEN DENTIST SINCE PREV IW/2YRS DENTAL COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - MAX

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JN171 JN175 JN176 JN180 JN181 JN182 JN183 JN189 JN189 JN190 JN194 JN195 JN196 JN197 JN202 JN202 JN204 HRS 2006: KA028 KN099 KN102 KN106 KN107 KN108 KN109 KN114 KN118 KN119 KN120 KN121 KN122 KN134 KN135 KN139 KN140 KN141 KN142 KN147 KN148 KN149 KN150 KN151 KN152 KN156 KN157 KN158 KN159 KN164 KN165 KN168 KN169 KN170 KN171 KN175 KN176 KN180 KN181 KN182 KN183 KN189 KN189 KN190 KN194

AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - RESULT TAKE PRESCRIPTION DRUGS REGULARLY DRUG COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- MIN AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- MAX AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- RESULT USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS HOME HEALTH SERVICE COST COVERED BY INS AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - MAX AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - RESULT USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS ASSIGN HOSPITAL COSTS R IN NURSING HOME OVERNIGHT STAY IN HOSP-SINCE PREV IW/2YR HOSPITAL STAYS COVERED BY INS AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - MIN AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - MAX AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - RESULT EVER PATIENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME NH COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- MIN AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- MAX AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- RESULT OUTPATIENT SURGERY- PREV IW/2 YRS OUTPATIENT SURG COSTS COVERED BY HI AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - MIN AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - MAX AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - RESULT # TIMES SEEN DR- PREV IW/2 YRS NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 20X NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 5X HAS R SOUGHT DOC ADVICE IN PAST 2 YRS R SEEK DOC ADVICE 50X DOCTOR VISITS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - MAX AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - RESULT SEEN DENTIST SINCE PREV IW/2YRS DENTAL COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - MAX AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - RESULT TAKE RX DRUGS REGULARLY DRUG COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- MIN AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- MAX AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- RESULT USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS HOME HEALTH SERVICE COST COVERED BY INS AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC

267

Section B: Health

KN195 KN196 KN197 KN202 KN202 KN204 KN352 KN366 KN367 KN371 KN381 HRS 2008: LA028 LN099 LN102 LN106 LN107 LN108 LN109 LN114 LN118 LN119 LN120 LN121 LN122 LN134 LN135 LN139 LN140 LN141 LN142 LN147 LN148 LN149 LN150 LN151 LN152 LN156 LN157 LN158 LN159 LN164 LN165 LN168 LN169 LN170 LN171 LN175 LN176 LN180 LN181 LN182 LN183 LN189 LN189 LN190 LN194 LN195 LN196 LN197 LN202 LN202 LN204

AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - MAX AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - RESULT USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS ASSIGN HOSPITAL COSTS SIGNED UP MEDICARE RX COVERAGE MEDICARE PRESCIPTION DRUG USE INCREASE MEDICARE PRESCIPTION DRUG OOP INCREASE INSURANCE COVER RX COSTS-BF MEDICARE INSURANCE COVER RX COSTS-AFTER MEDICARE R IN NURSING HOME OVERNIGHT STAY IN HOSP-SINCE PREV IW/2YR HOSPITAL STAYS COVERED BY INS AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - MIN AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - MAX AMT PAID O-O-P HOSPITAL COSTS - RESULT EVER PATIENT OVERNIGHT IN NURSING HOME NH COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- MIN AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- MAX AMT PAID O-O-P NURSING HOME- RESULT OUTPATIENT SURGERY- PREV IW/2 YRS OUTPATIENT SURG COSTS COVERED BY HI AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - MIN AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - MAX AMT PAID O-O-P OUTPAT SURGERY - RESULT # TIMES SEEN DR- PREV IW/2 YRS NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 20X NUMBER TIMES SEEN DOCTOR 5X HAS R SOUGHT DOC ADVICE IN PAST 2 YRS R SEEK DOC ADVICE 50X DOCTOR VISITS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - MAX AMT PAY O-O-P FOR DOC VISITS - RESULT SEEN DENTIST SINCE PREV IW/2YRS DENTAL COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - MAX AMT PAY O-O-P DENTAL - RESULT TAKE RX DRUGS REGULARLY DRUG COSTS COVERED BY INSURANCE AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- MIN AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- MAX AMT PAY O-O-P RX DRUGS PER MONTH- RESULT USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS USED HOME HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS HOME HEALTH SERVICE COST COVERED BY INS AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - MIN AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - MAX AMT PAY O-O-P HOME HEALTH SVC - RESULT USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS USED OTHER HEALTH SVC- PREV IW/2 YRS ASSIGN HOSPITAL COSTS

268

Section B: Health

LN352

SIGNED UP MEDICARE PRESCRIPTION COVERAGE

269

Section B: Health

270

Whether health limits work Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HLTHLM R2HLTHLM R3HLTHLM R4HLTHLM R5HLTHLM R6HLTHLM R7HLTHLM R8HLTHLM R9HLTHLM

R1HLTHLM:W1 R2HLTHLM:W2 R3HLTHLM:W3 R4HLTHLM:W4 R5HLTHLM:W5 R6HLTHLM:W6 R7HLTHLM:W7 R8HLTHLM:W8 R9HLTHLM:W9

Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth

problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems

limit limit limit limit limit limit limit limit limit

work work work work work work work work work

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HLTHLM S2HLTHLM S3HLTHLM S4HLTHLM S5HLTHLM S6HLTHLM S7HLTHLM S8HLTHLM S9HLTHLM

S1HLTHLM:W1 S2HLTHLM:W2 S3HLTHLM:W3 S4HLTHLM:W4 S5HLTHLM:W5 S6HLTHLM:W6 S7HLTHLM:W7 S8HLTHLM:W8 S9HLTHLM:W9

Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth Hlth

problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems

limit limit limit limit limit limit limit limit limit

work work work work work work work work work

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1HLTHLM R2HLTHLM R3HLTHLM R4HLTHLM R5HLTHLM R6HLTHLM R7HLTHLM R8HLTHLM R9HLTHLM

12624 11383 10906 21251 19451 18071 13815 16259 15233

0.215 0.248 0.265 0.319 0.314 0.319 0.172 0.315 0.318

0.411 0.432 0.441 0.466 0.464 0.466 0.377 0.464 0.466

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1HLTHLM S2HLTHLM S3HLTHLM S4HLTHLM S5HLTHLM S6HLTHLM S7HLTHLM S8HLTHLM S9HLTHLM

9890 8721 8282 13931 12682 11587 9779 10876 9893

0.199 0.223 0.242 0.275 0.269 0.269 0.153 0.272 0.275

0.399 0.417 0.428 0.447 0.443 0.443 0.360 0.445 0.447

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1HLTHLM R2HLTHLM R3HLTHLM R4HLTHLM R5HLTHLM R6HLTHLM R7HLTHLM R8HLTHLM R9HLTHLM .D=DK/NA | 14 12 53 53 50 48 43 50 .M=Oth missing | 14 38 53 40 25 12 10 11 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 7027 .R=RF | 28 9 8 27 35 21 14 8 10 .W=Not working | 1376 2147 1908 .Y=Assumed Yes | 4864 2 5 0.no | 9907 8557 8014 14482 13335 12314 11438 11145 10384

Section B: Health

1.yes

271

|

2717

2826

2892

6769

6116

5757

2377

5114

4849

Value-------------------------|S1HLTHLM S2HLTHLM S3HLTHLM S4HLTHLM S5HLTHLM S6HLTHLM S7HLTHLM S8HLTHLM S9HLTHLM .D=DK/NA | 9 9 18 28 29 29 25 23 .M=Oth missing | 2 11 15 8 16 2 2 2 .Q=Not asked this wave | 4549 3704 .R=RF | 10 7 4 14 12 9 9 4 4 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 384 323 537 311 220 380 317 365 .W=Not working | 559 828 722 .Y=Assumed Yes | 2594 2 0.no | 7924 6773 6276 10096 9273 8472 8287 7918 7172 1.yes | 1966 1948 2006 3835 3409 3115 1492 2958 2721

How Constructed: RwHLTHLM indicates whether an impairment or health problem limits the kind or amount of paid work for the respondent. SwHLTHLM is the same information for the respondent's spouse or partner. RwHLTHLM simply recodes the original HRS variable as a yes/no indicator and sets missing values to missing codes. In Waves 2A and 3A, this questions was not asked. So for Ahead respondents, R2HLTHLM and R3HLTHLM are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S1HLTHLM is taken from the Wave 1 spouse's R1HLTHLM.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Waves 2A and 3A, question about health affects or limits any work is not asked. The question wording is the same in all other waves: Now I want to ask how your health affects paid work activities. Do you have any impairment or health problem that limits the kind or amount of paid work you can do? Beginning in Wave 4, the same question is asked in two sections. One is the disability section for re-interviewees; one is the disability section for new interviewees. In Wave 7, if re-interviewees have previously reported a health limitation, these questions are skipped and assigned “.Y=Assumed Yes”. This skip pattern bypasses Rs that have previously reported a health limitation, but may no longer have a limitation. Beginning in Wave 7, “not working”, recoded .W, is added as a possible answer.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4001 HRS 1994: W5200 HRS 1996: E3507 HRS 1998: F4017 F4201 HRS 2000: G4307 G4553 HRS 2002: HM002 HM502 HRS 2004: JM002

J1:HAVE DISABILITY J1.HEALTH PROBLEM THAT L GD1. HEALTH PROB GD1. HEALTH PROB GJ1.HEALTH PROB GD1. HEALTH PROB GJ1.HEALTH PROB HM002 HEALTH PROB HEALTH PROB HM002 HEALTH PROB

Section B: Health

JM502 HRS 2006: KM002 KM502 HRS 2008: LM002 LM502

HM502 HEALTH PROB HM002 HEALTH PROB HM502 HEALTH PROB HM002 HEALTH PROB HM502 HEALTH PROB

272

Section B: Health

273

Activities of daily living (ADLs): Raw recodes Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1WALKR R2WALKR R3WALKR R4WALKR R5WALKR R6WALKR R7WALKR R8WALKR R9WALKR

R1WALKR:W1 R2WALKR:W2 R3WALKR:W3 R4WALKR:W4 R5WALKR:W5 R6WALKR:W6 R7WALKR:W7 R8WALKR:W8 R9WALKR:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

across across across across across across across across across

room room room room room room room room room

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1WALKR S2WALKR S3WALKR S4WALKR S5WALKR S6WALKR S7WALKR S8WALKR S9WALKR

S1WALKR:W1 S2WALKR:W2 S3WALKR:W3 S4WALKR:W4 S5WALKR:W5 S6WALKR:W6 S7WALKR:W7 S8WALKR:W8 S9WALKR:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

across across across across across across across across across

room room room room room room room room room

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2WALKRH R3WALKRH R4WALKRH R5WALKRH R6WALKRH R7WALKRH R8WALKRH R9WALKRH

R2WALKRH:W2 R3WALKRH:W3 R4WALKRH:W4 R5WALKRH:W5 R6WALKRH:W6 R7WALKRH:W7 R8WALKRH:W8 R9WALKRH:W9

R R R R R R R R

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk

across across across across across across across across

room room room room room room room room

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2WALKRH S3WALKRH S4WALKRH S5WALKRH S6WALKRH S7WALKRH S8WALKRH S9WALKRH

S2WALKRH:W2 S3WALKRH:W3 S4WALKRH:W4 S5WALKRH:W5 S6WALKRH:W6 S7WALKRH:W7 S8WALKRH:W8 S9WALKRH:W9

S S S S S S S S

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk Help-Walk

across across across across across across across across

room room room room room room room room

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2WALKRE R3WALKRE R4WALKRE R5WALKRE R6WALKRE R7WALKRE R8WALKRE R9WALKRE

R2WALKRE:W2 R3WALKRE:W3 R4WALKRE:W4 R5WALKRE:W5 R6WALKRE:W6 R7WALKRE:W7 R8WALKRE:W8 R9WALKRE:W9

R R R R R R R R

Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk

across across across across across across across across

room room room room room room room room

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5

S2WALKRE S3WALKRE S4WALKRE S5WALKRE

S2WALKRE:W2 S3WALKRE:W3 S4WALKRE:W4 S5WALKRE:W5

S S S S

Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk

across across across across

room room room room

Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

274

6 7 8 9

S6WALKRE S7WALKRE S8WALKRE S9WALKRE

S6WALKRE:W6 S7WALKRE:W7 S8WALKRE:W8 S9WALKRE:W9

S S S S

Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk Eqp-Walk

across across across across

room room room room

Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DRESS R2DRESS R3DRESS R4DRESS R5DRESS R6DRESS R7DRESS R8DRESS R9DRESS

R1DRESS:W1 R2DRESS:W2 R3DRESS:W3 R4DRESS:W4 R5DRESS:W5 R6DRESS:W6 R7DRESS:W7 R8DRESS:W8 R9DRESS:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DRESS S2DRESS S3DRESS S4DRESS S5DRESS S6DRESS S7DRESS S8DRESS S9DRESS

S1DRESS:W1 S2DRESS:W2 S3DRESS:W3 S4DRESS:W4 S5DRESS:W5 S6DRESS:W6 S7DRESS:W7 S8DRESS:W8 S9DRESS:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2DRESSH R3DRESSH R4DRESSH R5DRESSH R6DRESSH R7DRESSH R8DRESSH R9DRESSH

R2DRESSH:W2 R3DRESSH:W3 R4DRESSH:W4 R5DRESSH:W5 R6DRESSH:W6 R7DRESSH:W7 R8DRESSH:W8 R9DRESSH:W9

R R R R R R R R

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2DRESSH S3DRESSH S4DRESSH S5DRESSH S6DRESSH S7DRESSH S8DRESSH S9DRESSH

S2DRESSH:W2 S3DRESSH:W3 S4DRESSH:W4 S5DRESSH:W5 S6DRESSH:W6 S7DRESSH:W7 S8DRESSH:W8 S9DRESSH:W9

S S S S S S S S

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing Help-Dressing

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1BATH R2BATH R3BATH R4BATH R5BATH R6BATH R7BATH R8BATH R9BATH

R1BATH:W1 R2BATH:W2 R3BATH:W3 R4BATH:W4 R5BATH:W5 R6BATH:W6 R7BATH:W7 R8BATH:W8 R9BATH:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing

or or or or or or or or or

showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4

S1BATH S2BATH S3BATH S4BATH

S1BATH:W1 S2BATH:W2 S3BATH:W3 S4BATH:W4

S S S S

Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing

or or or or

showerng showerng showerng showerng

Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

275

5 6 7 8 9

S5BATH S6BATH S7BATH S8BATH S9BATH

S5BATH:W5 S6BATH:W6 S7BATH:W7 S8BATH:W8 S9BATH:W9

S S S S S

Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing Diff-Bathing

or or or or or

showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2BATHH R3BATHH R4BATHH R5BATHH R6BATHH R7BATHH R8BATHH R9BATHH

R2BATHH:W2 R3BATHH:W3 R4BATHH:W4 R5BATHH:W5 R6BATHH:W6 R7BATHH:W7 R8BATHH:W8 R9BATHH:W9

R R R R R R R R

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing,

showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2BATHH S3BATHH S4BATHH S5BATHH S6BATHH S7BATHH S8BATHH S9BATHH

S2BATHH:W2 S3BATHH:W3 S4BATHH:W4 S5BATHH:W5 S6BATHH:W6 S7BATHH:W7 S8BATHH:W8 S9BATHH:W9

S S S S S S S S

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing, Help-Bathing,

showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng showerng

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1EAT R2EAT R3EAT R4EAT R5EAT R6EAT R7EAT R8EAT R9EAT

R1EAT:W1 R2EAT:W2 R3EAT:W3 R4EAT:W4 R5EAT:W5 R6EAT:W6 R7EAT:W7 R8EAT:W8 R9EAT:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1EAT S2EAT S3EAT S4EAT S5EAT S6EAT S7EAT S8EAT S9EAT

S1EAT:W1 S2EAT:W2 S3EAT:W3 S4EAT:W4 S5EAT:W5 S6EAT:W6 S7EAT:W7 S8EAT:W8 S9EAT:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2EATH R3EATH R4EATH R5EATH R6EATH R7EATH R8EATH R9EATH

R2EATH:W2 R3EATH:W3 R4EATH:W4 R5EATH:W5 R6EATH:W6 R7EATH:W7 R8EATH:W8 R9EATH:W9

R R R R R R R R

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Eating Help-Eating Help-Eating Help-Eating Help-Eating Help-Eating Help-Eating Help-Eating

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5

S2EATH S3EATH S4EATH S5EATH

S2EATH:W2 S3EATH:W3 S4EATH:W4 S5EATH:W5

S S S S

Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Eating Help-Eating Help-Eating Help-Eating

Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

276

6 7 8 9

S6EATH S7EATH S8EATH S9EATH

S6EATH:W6 S7EATH:W7 S8EATH:W8 S9EATH:W9

S S S S

Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Eating Help-Eating Help-Eating Help-Eating

Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1BED R2BED R3BED R4BED R5BED R6BED R7BED R8BED R9BED

R1BED:W1 R2BED:W2 R3BED:W3 R4BED:W4 R5BED:W5 R6BED:W6 R7BED:W7 R8BED:W8 R9BED:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get

in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out

of of of of of of of of of

bed bed bed bed bed bed bed bed bed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1BED S2BED S3BED S4BED S5BED S6BED S7BED S8BED S9BED

S1BED:W1 S2BED:W2 S3BED:W3 S4BED:W4 S5BED:W5 S6BED:W6 S7BED:W7 S8BED:W8 S9BED:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get

in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out

of of of of of of of of of

bed bed bed bed bed bed bed bed bed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2BEDH R3BEDH R4BEDH R5BEDH R6BEDH R7BEDH R8BEDH R9BEDH

R2BEDH:W2 R3BEDH:W3 R4BEDH:W4 R5BEDH:W5 R6BEDH:W6 R7BEDH:W7 R8BEDH:W8 R9BEDH:W9

R R R R R R R R

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get

in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out

of of of of of of of of

bed bed bed bed bed bed bed bed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2BEDH S3BEDH S4BEDH S5BEDH S6BEDH S7BEDH S8BEDH S9BEDH

S2BEDH:W2 S3BEDH:W3 S4BEDH:W4 S5BEDH:W5 S6BEDH:W6 S7BEDH:W7 S8BEDH:W8 S9BEDH:W9

S S S S S S S S

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get Help-Get

in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out

of of of of of of of of

bed bed bed bed bed bed bed bed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2BEDE R3BEDE R4BEDE R5BEDE R6BEDE R7BEDE R8BEDE R9BEDE

R2BEDE:W2 R3BEDE:W3 R4BEDE:W4 R5BEDE:W5 R6BEDE:W6 R7BEDE:W7 R8BEDE:W8 R9BEDE:W9

R R R R R R R R

Use Use Use Use Use Use Use Use

Eqp-Get Eqp-Get Eqp-Get Eqp-Get Eqp-Get Eqp-Get Eqp-Get Eqp-Get

in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out

of of of of of of of of

bed bed bed bed bed bed bed bed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6

S2BEDE S3BEDE S4BEDE S5BEDE S6BEDE

S2BEDE:W2 S3BEDE:W3 S4BEDE:W4 S5BEDE:W5 S6BEDE:W6

S S S S S

Use Use Use Use Use

Eqp-Get Eqp-Get Eqp-Get Eqp-Get Eqp-Get

in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out

of of of of of

bed bed bed bed bed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

277

7 8 9

S7BEDE S8BEDE S9BEDE

S7BEDE:W7 S Use Eqp-Get in/out of bed S8BEDE:W8 S Use Eqp-Get in/out of bed S9BEDE:W9 S Use Eqp-Get in/out of bed

Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2TOILT R3TOILT R4TOILT R5TOILT R6TOILT R7TOILT R8TOILT R9TOILT

R2TOILT:W2 R3TOILT:W3 R4TOILT:W4 R5TOILT:W5 R6TOILT:W6 R7TOILT:W7 R8TOILT:W8 R9TOILT:W9

R R R R R R R R

Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using

the the the the the the the the

toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2TOILT S3TOILT S4TOILT S5TOILT S6TOILT S7TOILT S8TOILT S9TOILT

S2TOILT:W2 S3TOILT:W3 S4TOILT:W4 S5TOILT:W5 S6TOILT:W6 S7TOILT:W7 S8TOILT:W8 S9TOILT:W9

S S S S S S S S

Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using

the the the the the the the the

toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2TOILTH R3TOILTH R4TOILTH R5TOILTH R6TOILTH R7TOILTH R8TOILTH R9TOILTH

R2TOILTH:W2 R3TOILTH:W3 R4TOILTH:W4 R5TOILTH:W5 R6TOILTH:W6 R7TOILTH:W7 R8TOILTH:W8 R9TOILTH:W9

R R R R R R R R

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using

the the the the the the the the

toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2TOILTH S3TOILTH S4TOILTH S5TOILTH S6TOILTH S7TOILTH S8TOILTH S9TOILTH

S2TOILTH:W2 S3TOILTH:W3 S4TOILTH:W4 S5TOILTH:W5 S6TOILTH:W6 S7TOILTH:W7 S8TOILTH:W8 S9TOILTH:W9

S S S S S S S S

Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets Gets

Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using Help-Using

the the the the the the the the

toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1WALKR R2WALKR R3WALKR R4WALKR R5WALKR R6WALKR R7WALKR R8WALKR R9WALKR

12652 19286 17950 21355 19548 18157 20117 18458 17206

1.078 0.108 0.092 0.094 0.105 0.107 0.097 0.104 0.111

0.456 0.487 0.423 0.449 0.522 0.494 0.460 0.463 0.511

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1WALKR S2WALKR S3WALKR S4WALKR

9900 12818 11903 13970

1.068 0.075 0.064 0.058

0.442 0.422 0.373 0.358

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section B: Health

278

S5WALKR S6WALKR S7WALKR S8WALKR S9WALKR

12721 11637 12969 11734 10644

0.063 0.067 0.061 0.064 0.065

0.362 0.382 0.365 0.328 0.387

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2WALKRH R3WALKRH R4WALKRH R5WALKRH R6WALKRH R7WALKRH R8WALKRH R9WALKRH

8221 1342 1567 1531 1527 1548 1535 1488

0.141 0.426 0.401 0.408 0.430 0.436 0.419 0.435

0.682 0.495 0.490 0.492 0.495 0.500 0.494 0.496

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 2.000 1.000 1.000

S2WALKRH S3WALKRH S4WALKRH S5WALKRH S6WALKRH S7WALKRH S8WALKRH S9WALKRH

4348 590 643 653 636 642 633 554

0.123 0.408 0.418 0.418 0.417 0.439 0.428 0.431

0.664 0.492 0.494 0.494 0.493 0.503 0.495 0.496

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 2.000 1.000 1.000

R2WALKRE R3WALKRE R4WALKRE R5WALKRE R6WALKRE R7WALKRE R8WALKRE R9WALKRE

8221 11612 10330 9722 9575 10283 9846 9229

0.201 0.172 0.225 0.241 0.258 0.252 0.261 0.273

0.587 0.377 0.418 0.428 0.437 0.434 0.439 0.446

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2WALKRE S3WALKRE S4WALKRE S5WALKRE S6WALKRE S7WALKRE S8WALKRE S9WALKRE

4348 7143 5977 5601 5432 5849 5523 5021

0.153 0.117 0.161 0.169 0.186 0.184 0.183 0.192

0.573 0.321 0.367 0.375 0.389 0.388 0.387 0.394

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1DRESS R2DRESS R3DRESS R4DRESS R5DRESS R6DRESS R7DRESS R8DRESS R9DRESS

12652 19638 17950 21353 19549 18155 20115 18453 17207

1.047 0.077 0.120 0.121 0.132 0.126 0.118 0.130 0.133

0.332 0.385 0.427 0.464 0.538 0.488 0.474 0.479 0.504

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1DRESS S2DRESS S3DRESS S4DRESS S5DRESS S6DRESS S7DRESS S8DRESS S9DRESS

9900 13087 11903 13970 12723 11637 12970 11733 10644

1.041 0.054 0.091 0.093 0.095 0.089 0.085 0.096 0.097

0.313 0.344 0.376 0.402 0.403 0.371 0.368 0.374 0.434

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2DRESSH

8221

0.193

0.734

0.000

9.000

Section B: Health

279

R3DRESSH R4DRESSH R5DRESSH R6DRESSH R7DRESSH R8DRESSH R9DRESSH

1883 2196 2095 1939 2009 2060 1938

0.524 0.527 0.526 0.562 0.569 0.555 0.550

0.500 0.499 0.499 0.496 0.495 0.497 0.498

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2DRESSH S3DRESSH S4DRESSH S5DRESSH S6DRESSH S7DRESSH S8DRESSH S9DRESSH

4348 953 1116 1061 930 977 1015 881

0.175 0.546 0.534 0.516 0.567 0.581 0.567 0.544

0.727 0.498 0.499 0.500 0.496 0.494 0.496 0.498

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1BATH R2BATH R3BATH R4BATH R5BATH R6BATH R7BATH R8BATH R9BATH

12652 19634 17950 21350 19551 18156 20112 18455 17207

1.085 0.078 0.094 0.100 0.104 0.106 0.097 0.100 0.103

0.467 0.386 0.430 0.441 0.491 0.484 0.454 0.444 0.444

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1BATH S2BATH S3BATH S4BATH S5BATH S6BATH S7BATH S8BATH S9BATH

9900 13084 11903 13969 12724 11637 12969 11732 10644

1.065 0.050 0.056 0.062 0.059 0.059 0.056 0.056 0.059

0.411 0.305 0.313 0.331 0.328 0.334 0.337 0.281 0.340

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2BATHH R3BATHH R4BATHH R5BATHH R6BATHH R7BATHH R8BATHH R9BATHH

8219 1390 1758 1617 1549 1599 1530 1497

0.230 0.653 0.605 0.644 0.694 0.663 0.654 0.661

0.802 0.476 0.489 0.479 0.461 0.473 0.476 0.473

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2BATHH S3BATHH S4BATHH S5BATHH S6BATHH S7BATHH S8BATHH S9BATHH

4347 567 727 637 588 617 593 537

0.168 0.630 0.585 0.620 0.675 0.637 0.649 0.609

0.695 0.483 0.493 0.486 0.469 0.481 0.478 0.488

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12652 19639 17951 21353 19555 18156 20110 18456

1.017 0.018 0.047 0.050 0.054 0.054 0.053 0.059

0.227 0.207 0.305 0.341 0.410 0.382 0.392 0.415

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1EAT R2EAT R3EAT R4EAT R5EAT R6EAT R7EAT R8EAT

Section B: Health

280

R9EAT

17206

0.055

0.382

0.000

9.000

S1EAT S2EAT S3EAT S4EAT S5EAT S6EAT S7EAT S8EAT S9EAT

9900 13085 11903 13969 12725 11636 12971 11733 10643

1.015 0.012 0.032 0.033 0.034 0.032 0.029 0.033 0.032

0.221 0.189 0.258 0.271 0.315 0.291 0.266 0.270 0.307

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2EATH R3EATH R4EATH R5EATH R6EATH R7EATH R8EATH R9EATH

8221 691 826 749 752 776 795 724

0.105 0.599 0.596 0.676 0.633 0.628 0.643 0.624

0.543 0.490 0.491 0.468 0.482 0.484 0.479 0.485

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2EATH S3EATH S4EATH S5EATH S6EATH S7EATH S8EATH S9EATH

4348 305 362 312 290 301 319 256

0.083 0.590 0.641 0.670 0.648 0.631 0.639 0.598

0.498 0.493 0.480 0.471 0.478 0.483 0.481 0.491

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1BED R2BED R3BED R4BED R5BED R6BED R7BED R8BED R9BED

12652 19631 17950 21352 19551 18152 20114 18455 17202

1.124 0.074 0.084 0.086 0.087 0.090 0.080 0.089 0.086

0.502 0.382 0.352 0.387 0.434 0.451 0.403 0.418 0.405

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1BED S2BED S3BED S4BED S5BED S6BED S7BED S8BED S9BED

9900 13081 11903 13969 12724 11635 12970 11731 10644

1.106 0.059 0.060 0.060 0.061 0.058 0.055 0.065 0.058

0.465 0.365 0.295 0.307 0.336 0.331 0.327 0.349 0.345

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2BEDH R3BEDH R4BEDH R5BEDH R6BEDH R7BEDH R8BEDH R9BEDH

8220 1353 1568 1402 1316 1343 1377 1257

0.095 0.400 0.393 0.427 0.473 0.480 0.462 0.492

0.559 0.490 0.489 0.495 0.499 0.500 0.499 0.500

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2BEDH S3BEDH S4BEDH S5BEDH

4347 645 746 667

0.085 0.392 0.382 0.405

0.569 0.489 0.486 0.491

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

281

S6BEDH S7BEDH S8BEDH S9BEDH

582 604 660 522

0.471 0.493 0.436 0.441

0.500 0.500 0.496 0.497

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2BEDE R3BEDE R4BEDE R5BEDE R6BEDE R7BEDE R8BEDE R9BEDE

8220 11611 10328 9722 9567 10279 9838 9225

0.059 0.068 0.085 0.094 0.106 0.097 0.104 0.106

0.379 0.252 0.279 0.292 0.308 0.296 0.305 0.307

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2BEDE S3BEDE S4BEDE S5BEDE S6BEDE S7BEDE S8BEDE S9BEDE

4347 7143 5977 5603 5430 5849 5521 5021

0.051 0.046 0.058 0.062 0.071 0.061 0.068 0.067

0.425 0.209 0.233 0.240 0.256 0.240 0.253 0.251

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2TOILT R3TOILT R4TOILT R5TOILT R6TOILT R7TOILT R8TOILT R9TOILT

8218 17950 21347 19548 18150 20113 18455 17202

0.052 0.071 0.077 0.080 0.087 0.082 0.095 0.093

0.285 0.370 0.410 0.439 0.494 0.486 0.505 0.521

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2TOILT S3TOILT S4TOILT S5TOILT S6TOILT S7TOILT S8TOILT S9TOILT

4347 11902 13967 12725 11633 12968 11731 10644

0.035 0.047 0.053 0.054 0.051 0.050 0.060 0.055

0.235 0.297 0.336 0.344 0.348 0.366 0.391 0.370

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2TOILTH R3TOILTH R4TOILTH R5TOILTH R6TOILTH R7TOILTH R8TOILTH R9TOILTH

8219 1064 1334 1251 1190 1221 1343 1200

0.063 0.362 0.345 0.350 0.392 0.368 0.332 0.365

0.407 0.481 0.475 0.477 0.488 0.482 0.471 0.482

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2TOILTH S3TOILTH S4TOILTH S5TOILTH S6TOILTH S7TOILTH S8TOILTH S9TOILTH

4347 460 607 571 483 503 565 470

0.052 0.354 0.326 0.296 0.371 0.352 0.303 0.309

0.369 0.479 0.469 0.457 0.483 0.478 0.460 0.462

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|

R3WALKR

R4WALKR

R5WALKR

R6WALKR

R7WALKR

R8WALKR

R9WALKR

Section B: Health

.D=DK/NA .R=RF .S=Skip 0.No 1.Yes 2.Cant do 9. Dont do

282

| | | | | | |

2 3 36 16607 1159 165 19

1 28 19789 1338 199 29

5 3 23 18021 1317 166 44

3 7 16632 1336 156 33

1 1 10 18562 1361 164 30

2 2 7 16922 1327 183 26

1 1 9 15719 1310 142 35

S7WALKR 1 1 1 6777 380 12326 574 57 12

S8WALKR

S9WALKR

1 6417 317 11100 563 65 6

2 6206 365 10090 500 42 12

Value-------------------------| R1WALKR 1.Not at all diff | 12102 2.A little diff | 295 3.Somewhat diff | 152 4.Very diff/cant do | 87 9. Dont do | 16 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

R2WALKR 354 1 1 17954 727 579 4 1 21

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S3WALKR 1 11 5658 418 11310 504 78 11

S4WALKR 1 7 6869 537 13328 552 78 12

S5WALKR 2 2 5 6538 311 12070 579 61 11

S6WALKR 1 3 6306 220 11002 571 52 12

Value-------------------------| S1WALKR .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.Not at all diff | 9533 2.A little diff | 202 3.Somewhat diff | 96 4.Very diff/cant do | 55 9. Dont do | 14 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

S2WALKR 268 1 1 5970 584 12215 336 252 2 1 12

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | 9. Dont do |

R2WALKRH 1 11420 7711 194 112 183 21

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing |

R3WALKRH R4WALKRH R5WALKRH R6WALKRH R7WALKRH R8WALKRH R9WALKRH 1 1 1 3 3 1 1

Section B: Health

.R=RF .S=Skip .X=Dont do 0.no 1.yes 2.Cant do

283

| | | | | |

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | 9. Dont do |

1 16646

19817

3 18044

16639

770 572

938 629

907 624

870 657

1 18572 5 876 669 3

2 16929

15728

892 643

841 647

S2WALKRH 1 9123 5970 200 4121 84 51 80 12

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.no | 1.yes | 2.Cant do |

S3WALKRH S4WALKRH S5WALKRH S6WALKRH S7WALKRH S8WALKRH S9WALKRH 1 1 1 2 1 11323 13335 12075 11005 12327 11101 10092 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 2 349 374 380 371 362 362 315 241 269 273 265 278 271 239 2

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0. No | 1. Yes | 9. Dont do |

R2WALKRE R3WALKRE R4WALKRE R5WALKRE R6WALKRE R7WALKRE R8WALKRE R9WALKRE 1 3 2 2 1 1 1 11420 1 3 1 2 6377 11051 9852 8590 9845 8620 7987 6733 9614 8007 7379 7108 7693 7276 6708 1467 1998 2323 2343 2467 2590 2570 2521 21

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0. No | 1. Yes | 9. Dont do |

S2WALKRE S3WALKRE S4WALKRE S5WALKRE S6WALKRE S7WALKRE S8WALKRE S9WALKRE 2 1 1 1 9123 1 2 1 4771 7999 7127 6208 7122 6211 5625 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 200 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 3778 6307 5016 4655 4424 4772 4513 4059 558 836 961 946 1008 1077 1010 962 12

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3DRESS 3 1 1 36 16068 1719 148 15

Value-------------------------| R1DRESS 1.Not at all diff | 12278 2.A little diff | 238 3.Somewhat diff | 85 4.Very diff/cant do | 44 9. Dont do | 7 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA |

R2DRESS 3

R4DRESS 3

R5DRESS 6

R6DRESS 5

R7DRESS 3

R8DRESS 7

R9DRESS 1

28 19160 1981 185 27

1 23 17458 1917 130 44

7 16218 1790 118 29

1 10 18104 1850 131 30

2 7 16398 1889 140 26

9 15269 1798 110 30

Section B: Health

.M=Oth missing 0.No 1.Yes,a little 2.Yes,a lot 9. Dont do

284

| | | | |

1 18574 690 363 11

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S3DRESS 1 11 5658 418 10949 884 62 8

S4DRESS 1 7 6869 537 12855 1026 76 13

S5DRESS 1 1 5 6538 311 11662 997 52 12

S6DRESS 1 3 6306 220 10707 880 42 8

S7DRESS 1 1 6777 380 11991 919 51 9

S8DRESS 1

S9DRESS

1 6417 317 10719 949 58 7

2 6206 365 9762 834 34 14

Value-------------------------| S1DRESS .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.Not at all diff | 9655 2.A little diff | 152 3.Somewhat diff | 55 4.Very diff/cant do | 33 9. Dont do | 5 Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 9. Dont do |

S2DRESS 1 5970 584 12603 322 154 8

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | 9. Dont do |

R2DRESSH 1 11420 7560 157 150 343 11

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes | Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

R3DRESSH R4DRESSH R5DRESSH R6DRESSH R7DRESSH R8DRESSH R9DRESSH 3 1 3 4 2 1 1 2 2 2 16104 19188 17481 16225 18114 16405 15278 897 1039 993 850 866 917 873 986 1157 1102 1089 1143 1143 1065 S2DRESSH 1 9123 5970 200 4036 79 64 161 8 S3DRESSH S4DRESSH S5DRESSH S6DRESSH S7DRESSH S8DRESSH S9DRESSH 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 10960 12862 11667 10710 11992 10720 9764 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 433 520 514 403 409 440 402 520 596 547 527 568 575 479

Section B: Health

285

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

R5BATH 5

R6BATH 4

R7BATH 5

R8BATH 5

R9BATH 1

28 19595 1551 178 26

23 17936 1463 115 37

7 16610 1397 117 32

2 10 18514 1455 113 30

2 7 16929 1379 123 24

9 15711 1367 107 22

S3BATH

S4BATH 2

S5BATH 1

S6BATH 1

S7BATH

S8BATH 2

S9BATH

7 6869 537 13243 647 71 8

5 6538 311 12087 585 44 8

3 6306 220 11050 542 37 8

1 6417 317 11141 544 44 3

2 6206 365 10107 499 30 8

R4BATHH 3

R5BATHH 3

R6BATHH 1

R9BATHH

19623

17959

16617

R8BATHH 1 2 16936

R2BATH 7 1 18642 519 464 1 8

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

1 11 5658 418 11336 510 51 6

2 1 6777 380 12352 576 31 10

S1BATH 2373 379 9555 166 101 70 8

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 9. Dont do |

S2BATH 3 1 5970 584 12651 238 192 3

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | 9. Dont do |

R2BATHH 2 1 11420 7511 96 91 513 8

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do |

R4BATH 6

R1BATH 12081 268 172 118 13

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3BATH 3 1 1 36 16562 1232 135 21

R3BATHH 2 1 16598

R7BATHH 4 1 18524 1

15720

Section B: Health

0.no 1.yes

286

| |

483 907

695 1063

576 1041

474 1075

539 1060

529 1001

507 990

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.no | 1.yes |

S3BATHH

S4BATHH 1

S5BATHH 1

S6BATHH

S7BATHH

S8BATHH

S9BATHH

1 11347 5658 418

13250 6869 537

12092 6538 311

11053 6306 220

11142 6417 317

10109 6206 365

210 357

302 425

242 395

191 397

1 12353 6777 380 1 224 393

208 385

210 327

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3EAT 3 1 36 17260 607 74 10

R4EAT 3

R5EAT 1

R6EAT 4

R7EAT 9

R9EAT 2

28 20529 717 89 18

23 18805 657 63 30

7 17407 663 64 22

10 19340 672 71 27

R8EAT 3 3 7 17662 697 69 28

S3EAT

S4EAT 2

S5EAT

S6EAT 2

S7EAT

S8EAT

S9EAT 1

7 6869 537 13608 315 39 7

5 6538 311 12413 274 27 11

3 6306 220 11348 258 22 8

1 6777 380 12670 271 23 7

1 1 6417 317 11414 290 23 6

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

S2BATHH 1 1 9123 5970 200 4076 33 34 201 3

R1EAT 12529 78 21 19 5

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

R2EAT 1 1 1 19410 130 94 1 4

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

9 16483 651 51 21

1 11 5658 418 11597 268 33 5 S1EAT 2373 379 9819 50 13 14 4

2 6206 365 10388 233 13 9

Section B: Health

287

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

S2EAT 1 1 1 5970 584 12989 52 40 1 3

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | 9. Dont do |

R2EATH 1 11420 7858 94 58 207 4

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R3EATH 2 1 1 17296 277 414

R4EATH 1

R5EATH 2

R6EATH 1

R7EATH 3

R8EATH 2

R9EATH 1

20557 334 492

18828 243 506

17414 276 476

19350 289 487

3 17669 284 511

16492 272 452

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S3EATH

S4EATH 1

S5EATH

S6EATH

S7EATH

S8EATH

S9EATH

13615 6869 537 130 232

12418 6538 311 103 209

11351 6306 220 102 188

12671 6777 380 111 190

1 11415 6417 317 115 204

10390 6206 365 103 153

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3BED 4 1 36 16599 1250 92 9

R4BED 4

R5BED 5

R6BED 8

R7BED 5

28 19783 1436 115 18

23 18150 1284 90 27

7 16842 1185 97 28

10 18773 1222 97 22

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.No |

S2EATH 1 9123 5970 200 4195 43 28 79 3

1 1 11608 5658 418 125 180

R1BED 11672 575 277 118 10 R2BED 8 1 2 18622

R8BED 4 3 7 17080 1248 106 21

R9BED 6 9 15949 1148 87 18

Section B: Health

1.Yes,a little 2.Yes,a lot 3.Yes,DK/NA how much 4.Yes,RF how much 9. Dont do

288

| | | | |

650 344 1 3 11

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

S3BED

S6BED 3

S7BED 1

7 6869 537 13220 697 46 6

5 6538 311 12057 626 32 9

3 6306 220 11055 542 30 8

1 6777 380 12366 562 33 9

R3BEDH 2 1 16635

R4BEDH 5

R5BEDH 4

R6BEDH 2

R7BEDH 2

19811

18173

16849

812 541

951 617

803 599

693 623

18783 1 698 645

S3BEDH

S4BEDH 5

S5BEDH 1

S6BEDH 1

S8BED 2 1 1 6417 317 11072 616 34 9

S9BED

R8BEDH 2 3 17087

R9BEDH 2

741 636

639 618

S8BEDH 1

S9BEDH

2 6206 365 10122 492 21 9

S1BED 2373 379 9235 403 179 76 7 S2BED 4 1 2 5970 584 12557 347 164 1 3 9

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | 9. Dont do |

R2BEDH 1 1 11420 7917 70 48 175 10

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.no | 1.yes |

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA |

S5BED 1

1 11 5658 418 11258 603 38 4

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | 9. Dont do |

S4BED 2

15958

S2BEDH 1 1 9123 5970 200 4210 35 18 76 8 S7BEDH

Section B: Health

.R=RF .S=Skip .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR .X=Dont do 0.no 1.yes

289

| | | | | | |

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0. No | 1. Yes | 9. Dont do |

R2BEDE 1 1 11420

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0. No | 1. Yes | 9. Dont do |

S2BEDE 1 1 9123

7813 397 10

5970 200 4191 148 8

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot |

1 11269 5658 418

13227 6869 537

12062 6538 311

11058 6306 220

392 253

461 285

397 270

308 274

12367 6777 380 1 306 298

1 11073 6417 317

10124 6206 365

372 288

292 230

R3BEDE 1 1

R4BEDE 4

R5BEDE 4

R6BEDE 10

R7BEDE 5

R8BEDE 7

R9BEDE 5

1 6377 10818 793

1 11051 9446 882

1 9852 8808 914

8590 8555 1012

9845 9281 998

4 8620 8816 1022

7987 8250 975

S3BEDE

S4BEDE 1

S5BEDE

S6BEDE 3

S7BEDE 1

S8BEDE 2

1 4771 5658 418 6816 327

1 7999 6869 537 5633 344

7127 6538 311 5258 345

6208 6306 220 5046 384

7122 6777 380 5490 359

1 6211 6417 317 5143 378

R3TOILT 4 1 36 16886 954 95 15

R4TOILT 8 1 28 20015 1203 103 26

R5TOILT 8

R6TOILT 9 1 7 16964 1063 84 39

R7TOILT 5 1 10 18890 1103 77 43

R8TOILT 3 4 7 17115 1213 86 41

R9TOILT 6

S3TOILT 1 1 11 5658 418 11442 408 46 6

S4TOILT 3 1 7 6869 537 13359 554 43 11

S5TOILT

S6TOILT 4 1 3 6306 220 11152 444 26 11

S7TOILT 2 1 1 6777 380 12462 471 20 15

S8TOILT 1 2 1 6417 317 11167 525 24 15

S9TOILT

23 18300 1135 83 30

S9BEDE

5625 6206 365 4683 338

9 16005 1091 63 43

R2TOILT 2 1 11420 1 7925 161 132

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot |

S2TOILT 1 1 9123 5970 200 4243 57 47

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA |

R2TOILTH 1

5 6538 311 12154 530 30 11

2 6206 365 10174 439 19 12

Section B: Health

.M=Oth missing .Q=Not asked this wv .R=RF 0.No 1.Yes,occasionally 2.Yes,some of the time 3.Yes,most of the time

290

| | | | | | |

1 11420 1 8009 35 43 132

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.no | 1.yes | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,occasionally | 2.Yes,some of the time | 3.Yes,most of the time | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.no | 1.yes |

R3TOILTH R4TOILTH R5TOILTH R6TOILTH R7TOILTH R8TOILTH R9TOILTH 3 6 4 6 3 3 2 1 1 1 4 16922 20043 18323 16971 18900 17122 16014 4 679 874 813 723 772 897 762 385 460 438 467 449 446 438 S2TOILTH 1 1 9123 5970 200 4255 15 21 56 S3TOILTH S4TOILTH S5TOILTH S6TOILTH S7TOILTH S8TOILTH S9TOILTH 1 4 3 2 1 1 1 2 11453 13366 12159 11155 12463 11168 10176 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 3 297 409 402 304 326 394 325 163 198 169 179 177 171 145

How Constructed: These variables recode the raw variables for difficulty with activities of daily living (ADLs) as they appear in the HRS data except for missing values and accounting for skip patterns. The ADLs include walking across a room (RwWALKR), dressing (RwDRESS), bathing (RwBATH), eating (RwEAT), getting in and out of bed (RwBED), and using the toilet (RwTOILT). In the following, references to Rw[adl] apply to all these variables. Also described here are variables coding whether the respondent gets help with ADLs (Rw[adl]H, e.g., RwDRESSH) or uses equipment to walk across a room or get in and out of bed (RwWALKRE and RwBEDE). Note that questions about using the toilet are not asked in Waves 1 and 2H. Thus there R1TOILT variable and for HRS respondents in Wave 2, R2TOILT is set to .Q (question not Questions about receiving help or using equipment are not asked in these waves for any So in Wave 1, the variables R1[adl]H, R1WALKRE, or R1BEDE are not present, and for HRS in Wave 2H, the R2[adl]H, R2WALKRE, and R2BEDE variables are set to .Q.

is no asked). of the ADLs. respondents

The recodes vary across waves because the question and responses can vary across waves. In Wave 1, the HRS imputations are left in place. In all other waves don’t know is recoded to special missing code .D and refused is recoded to .R. In Wave 1 difficulty with an ADL is rated on a 4-point scale from no difficulty to very difficult/can’t do. These are assigned without change. A "don’t do" answer is recoded to 9. In Wave 2, the question asks if R has any difficulty with an ADL and if so, asks followup questions about the degree of difficulty. In Wave 2H, the raw variable codes both questions as one categorical variable. In Wave 2A the answer to the first question and a categorical variable for the followup are given. In either case, a "no" answer to the first question about any difficulty is recoded to 0, and the categorical levels of difficulty are recoded appropriately to "a little" and "a lot", or "don’t know/refused how much". A "don’t do" response is coded as 9.

Section B: Health

291

From Wave 3 forward, the answers are simply yes for difficulty and no if not, which are coded 1 and 0, respectively. A "can't do" response is recoded to 2 and a "don't do" response is recoded to 9. If the response to the difficulty question is missing and R says yes to the followup question about getting help with the ADL, then Rw[adl] is set to 1, or yes, difficulty. In some waves, questions about activities are skipped based on answers to previous questions. In Waves 1 and 2H, if a respondent said no difficulty jogging a mile, walking several blocks, or walking one block, the question about walking across a room is skipped. In these cases, RwWALKR is set to 0 for no difficulty. From Wave 3 forward, ADL questions are skipped if no difficulty was reported with any of the tasks asked about earlier. In these cases, Rw[adl] is set to no difficulty. From Wave 4 forward, if difficulty with only one prior task and no difficulty with dressing was reported, the questions about the rest of the ADLs are skipped. In these cases, the rest of the Rw[adl] variables are also set to no difficulty. The assumption is that, since the respondent had no difficulty with the earlier activities, he/she would also have reported no difficulty the activities in the skipped questions. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, there are questions about getting help with all ADLs and about use of equipment for walking across a room and getting in and out of bed. The help variables are named Rw[adl]H, e.g., RwWALKRH and the equipment variables are named RwWALKRE and RwBEDE. These are coded 1 for yes, 0 for no, .D for "don't know", and .R for refusals. If R reported no difficulty the help question is skipped, and the help variable (e.g., RwWALKRH) is set to .S. The equipment question is asked regardless of the answer to the difficulty question. If the difficulty question is skipped because of previous answers, then both the help and equipment questions are also skipped and Rw[adl]H and RwWALKRE/RwBEDE are set to .S. In Wave 2A, the question about getting help was asked before the one about difficulty and using equipment walking across a room. So if respondents answered "don't do" on getting help question, then both the help and, if applicable, equipment variables, e.g., R2WALKRH and R2WALKRE, are set to 9. In other waves, the question about help is asked even if the response to whether any difficulty is "don't do". In Wave 7 for the help questions, a mistake in the Spanish instrument allowed "can't do" and "don't do" responses, which are recoded to 2 and 9, respectively. For all waves when the help question is asked, if respondents answer yes to getting help and are missing Rw[adl], we set Rw[adl] to yes. In Wave 2H, the data needed to derive the help variables (R2[adl]H) and R2WALKRE/R2BEDE are not collected. R2[adl]H and R2WALKRE/R2BEDE are set to .Q to indicate that this information is not available for HRS respondents in this wave. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported Wave 'w' data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. There are other versions of the Rw[adl] variables that recode to a yes/no measure for use in creating indices. One version of this variable is derived that attempts to code a consistent crosswave yes/no dummy that indicates "some difficulty" (Rw[adl]A). These are available from Wave 2 forward. Because of the inconsistent coding of the underlying HRS data, we do not construct R1[adl]A variables in Wave 1. Please see the description of the Rw[adl]A variables under "Activities of daily living (ADLs): Some difficulty" for this version. Rw[adl]A variables are used to construct a number of functional limitation indices, including an ADL summary index. Please see "ADL Summary" and "Other Summary Indices". A third version of these variables are derived for Wave 1 only (R1[adl]W). They code a yes/no dummy that indicates "any difficulty" in a manner used by Wallace and Herzog in their paper. These are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Please see "ADLs: Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog" for a description of the R1[adl]W variables. Note that the Wallace and Herzog variables result in more limitation than the 0/1 recodes done in other waves (Rw[adl]A) solely due to measurement differences in the raw data. The R1[adl]W variables are not appropriate for comparison to the Rw[adl]A variables in other waves.

Section B: Health

292

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Each wave has a series of questions about limits on activities of daily living (ADLs), but the ADLs, the question wording, and possible answers vary. In all waves questions ask about a number of activities, such as climbing stairs or picking up a dime. In Wave 1 these include those identified as ADLs. The Wave 1 questions ask: We are interested in how much difficulty people have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. ... Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. How difficult is it for you to [...]? Is it not at all difficult, a little difficult, somewhat difficult, very difficult, or something that you can't do at all? The respondent can also answer "Don't do". The answers translate into 4 codes from 1 for not at all difficult to 4 for very difficult/can't do. Another code is used for the "Don't do" response. The specific wording for the ADLs is: walk across a room, get in and out of bed without help, bathe or shower without help, eat without help, and dress without help. In Wave 2H the ADL questions continue to be embedded among other activities as in Wave 1 but the question and answers differ. The questions ask: We are interested in how much difficulty people have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please tell me how difficult each of the following activities is for you. Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. Do you have any difficulty with ...? [IF YES] Is that a little difficulty or a lot of difficulty? In the data the answers to the 2-part question are recoded into 5-categories: 1=yes, a little difficult; 2=yes, a lot; 3=yes, DK; 4=yes, RF; 5=No; 6=doesn't do. Note that there is no "Can't do" category and that "Don't do" is not an option in the instrument. The "Doesn't do" category is likely the result of post-interview interpretation of interview comments so may be observed less frequently than in other waves, simply because of questionnaire differences. This does not appear to have a large impact among the ADLs. The specific wording for the ADLs is: walking across the room, getting in and out of bed without help, bathing or showering without help, eating without help, and dressing without help. In Waves 1 and 2H, if the respondent reported no difficulty with jogging a mile, walking several blocks, or walking one block, then the question about walking across the room is skipped. In Wave 2A, the question asks: We need to understand difficulties people may have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please tell me whether you get help or have any difficulty doing each of the everyday activities. If you never do that activity, just tell me so. Does anyone ever help you ...? Yes, No or Don't do. [IF YES] Do you get help most of the time, some of the time, only occasionally? The exact wording for the ADLs in the help question is: get across a room; get in and out of bed; bathe or shower; dress, including putting on socks and shoes; eat, such as cutting up your food; and use the toilet, including getting up and down. Regardless of whether any difficulty is reported for walking across the room: Do you ever use equipment or devices such as a cane, walker or wheelchair when crossing a room? Regardless of whether any difficulty is reported for getting in and out of bed: Do you ever use equipment or devices such as a rail, cane, walker, wheelchair or lift to help you get in and out of bed? And for walking across a room and getting in and out of bed: (Even when someone helps you/Even when using the (EQUIPMENT)/Without any help or special equipment) do you have any difficulty [...]? Yes or No. [if YES] Is that a lot or a little difficulty? The exact wording for the task is: walking across the room and getting in and out of bed.

Section B: Health

293

And for other ADLS: Do you have any difficulty [...](even when someone helps you/without any help)? Yes or No. [if YES] Is that a lot or a little difficulty? The exact wording for these tasks is: bathing, eating, dressing, and using the toilet. Note that in Wave 2A, the question about getting help was asked before any difficulty and using equipment. So if respondent answered "don't do" on the getting help question, then the questions on any difficulty and equipment are skipped. Note that there is no "Can't do" category. From Wave 3 forward, the questions about ADLs are removed from the initial list of activities. If the respondent has no difficulty with any of these activities then the questions about ADLs are skipped. Questions ask about ADLs ONLY if the respondent reported difficulty with some activity on the initial list. The questions on ADLs ask: Here are a few more everyday activities. Please tell me if you have any difficulty with these because of a physical, mental, emotional or memory problem. Again exclude any difficulties you expect to last less than three months. Because of a health or memory problem do you have any difficulty with ...? The answers to the difficulty questions are simply yes, no, can't do, or don't do. The exact wording for the ADLs is: walking across a room; dressing,including putting on socks and shoes; bathing or showering; eating, such as cutting up your food; getting in and out of bed; and using the toilet, including getting up and down. Regardless of whether any difficulty is reported for walking across the room: Do you ever use equipment or devices such as a cane, walker or wheelchair when crossing a room? Yes or No. Regardless of whether any difficulty is reported for getting in and out of bed: Do you ever use equipment or devices such as a cane, walker or railing when getting in or out of bed? Yes or No. Unless the respondent reports having no difficulty with an ADL then he/she is asked: Does anyone ever help you [...]? Yes or No. The exact wording for each of the ADLs is: get across a room, dress, bathe, eat, get in or out of bed, and use the toilet. From Wave 4 forward, the question organization and wording are the same as in Wave 3, with one exception. If the first basic ADL, dressing, showed no difficulty, and among the prior tasks at most one difficulty was reported, the rest of the basic ADLs of walking across a room, bathing, eating, getting in/out of bed, and using the toilet were skipped. In Wave 7, a mistake in the Spanish instrument allowed "can't do" and "don't do" responses for the help questions, and a few of these responses are given for all of the ADLs except help with dressing and eating. For HRS respondents in Wave 1 and Wave 2H, the information for the equipment and help questions is not available. For Wave 2H, R2WALKRE, R2BEDE, R2WALKRH, are set to .Q and only Wave 2A respondents have non-missing values for these variables. Also not asked in Wave 1 and 2H are all the questions about using the toilet, so for Wave 2H, R2TOILT and R2TOILTH are set to .Q.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V304 V305 V306 V307 V310 V316 V319 V320 AHEAD 1993: B768 B770 B773

B4A:RUN OR JOG 1 MIL:IMP B4B:WALK SEVERAL BLO:IMP B4C:WALK 1 BLOCK :IMP B4D:WALK ACROSS A RO:IMP B4G:IN/OUT BED UNAID:IMP B4P:BATHE/SHOWR W/O :IMP B4S:EAT W/O HELP :IMP B4T:DRESS W/O HELP :IMP E33. ADL WALK HELP EVER E33b. WALK USE EQUIPMENT E33e. WALK ANY DIFFICULTY

Section B: Health

B779 B781 B787 B789 B795 B797 B803 B808 B811 B814 B816 HRS 1994: W306 W307 W308 W309 W312 W318 W321 W322 AHEAD 1995: D1870 D1871 D1874 D1877 D1884 D1887 D1894 D1897 D1904 D1907 D1914 D1917 D1920 D1927 D1930 HRS 1996: E1894 E1894 E1895 E1898 E1901 E1908 E1911 E1918 E1921 E1928 E1931 E1938 E1941 E1944 E1951 E1954 HRS 1998: F2421 F2425 F2426 F2427 F2428 F2431 F2444 F2447 F2454

E35. ADL DRESS HELP EVER E35b. DRESS ANY DIFFICULTY E37. ADL BATHE HELP EVER E37b. BATHE ANY DIFFICULTY E39. ADL EAT GET HELP EVER E39b. EAT DIFFICULTY E41. ADL IN/OUT BED HELP EVER E43. BED USE EQUIPMENT EVER E43c. BED ANY DIFFICULTY E44. ADL TOILET HELP EVER E44b. TOILET ANY DIFFICULTY B4.RUNNING/JOGGING 1 MIL B4a.WALKING SEVERAL BLOC B4b.WALKING ONE BLOCK B4c.WALKING ACROSS A ROO B4f.GETTING IN/OUT OF BE B4n.BATHING/SHOWERING WI B4r.EATING WITHOUT HELP B4s.DRESSING WITHOUT HEL ADLCK.CKPT FOR SKIPPING ADL SERIES E72.WALK DIFF E72C.WALK EQUIPMENT E72F.ADL WALK HELP E73.DRESS DIFF E73F.ADL DRESS HELP E74.BATHING DIFF E74F.ADL BATHE HELP E75.EAT DIFF E75F.ADL EAT HELP E76.BED DIFF E76C.BED EQUIPMENT E76F.ADL BED HELP E77.TOILET DIFF E77F.ADL TOILET HELP ADLCK.CKPT FOR SKIPPING ADL SERIES ADLCK.CKPT FOR SKIPPING ADL SERIES E72.WALK DIFF E72C.WALK EQUIPMENT E72F.ADL WALK HELP E73.DRESS DIFF E73F.ADL DRESS HELP E74.BATHING DIFF E74F.ADL BATHE HELP E75.EAT DIFF E75F.ADL EAT HELP E76.BED DIFF E76C.BED EQUIPMENT E76F.ADL BED HELP E77.TOILET DIFF E77F.ADL TOILET HELP E71.PICK DIME E73F.DRESS DIFF E73F.ADL DRESS HELP E72.WALK DIFF E72C.WALK EQUIPMENT E72.ADL WALK HELP E74.BATHING DIFF E74F.ADL BATHE HELP E75.EAT DIFF

294

Section B: Health

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

F2457 F2464 F2467 F2470 F2477 F2480 2000: G2719 G2723 G2724 G2725 G2726 G2729 G2742 G2745 G2752 G2755 G2762 G2765 G2768 G2775 G2778 2002: HG012 HG014 HG015 HG016 HG017 HG020 HG021 HG022 HG023 HG024 HG025 HG026 HG029 HG030 HG031 2004: JG012 JG014 JG015 JG016 JG017 JG020 JG021 JG022 JG023 JG024 JG025 JG026 JG029 JG030 JG031 2006: KG012 KG014 KG015 KG016 KG017 KG020 KG021 KG022

E75F.ADL EAT HELP E76.BED DIFF E76C.BED EQUIPMENT E76F.ADL BED HELP E77.TOILET DIFF E77F.ADL TOILET HELP E71.PICK DIME E73Y1.DRESS DIFF E73F.ADL DRESS HELP E72.WALK DIFF E72C.WALK EQUIPMENT E72Y1.ADL WALK HELP E74.BATHING DIFF E74F.ADL BATHE HELP E75.EAT DIFF E75F.ADL EAT HELP E76.BED DIFF E76C.BED EQUIPMENT E76F.ADL BED HELP E77.TOILET DIFF E77F.ADL TOILET HELP DIFFICULTY- PICKING UP DIME DIFFICULTY- DRESSING HELP W/DRESS DIFFICULTY WALKING WALK EQUIPMENT ADL WALK HELP DIFFICULTY BATHING ADL BATHE HELP DIFFICULTY EATING ADL EAT HELP DIFFICULTY GET IN/OUT BED BED EQUIPMENT ADL BED HELP DIFFICULTY USING TOILET ADL TOILET HELP DIFFICULTY- PICKING UP DIME DIFFICULTY- DRESSING HELP W/DRESS DIFFICULTY WALKING WALK EQUIPMENT ADL WALK HELP DIFFICULTY BATHING ADL BATHE HELP DIFFICULTY EATING ADL EAT HELP DIFFICULTY GET IN/OUT BED BED EQUIPMENT ADL BED HELP DIFFICULTY USING TOILET ADL TOILET HELP DIFFICULTY- PICKING UP DIME DIFFICULTY- DRESSING HELP W/DRESS DIFFICULTY WALKING WALK EQUIPMENT ADL WALK HELP DIFFICULTY BATHING ADL BATHE HELP

295

Section B: Health

KG023 KG024 KG025 KG026 KG029 KG030 KG031 HRS 2008: LG012 LG014 LG015 LG016 LG017 LG020 LG021 LG022 LG023 LG024 LG025 LG026 LG029 LG030 LG031

DIFFICULTY EATING ADL EAT HELP DIFFICULTY GET IN/OUT BED BED EQUIPMENT ADL BED HELP DIFFICULTY USING TOILET ADL TOILET HELP DIFFICULTY- PICKING UP DIME DIFFICULTY- DRESSING HELP W/DRESS DIFFICULTY WALKING WALK EQUIPMENT ADL WALK HELP DIFFICULTY BATHING ADL BATHE HELP DIFFICULTY EATING ADL EAT HELP DIFFICULTY GET IN/OUT BED BED EQUIPMENT ADL BED HELP DIFFICULTY USING TOILET ADL TOILET HELP

296

Section B: Health

297

Activities of daily living (ADLs): Some difficulty Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2WALKRA R3WALKRA R4WALKRA R5WALKRA R6WALKRA R7WALKRA R8WALKRA R9WALKRA

R2WALKRA:W2 R3WALKRA:W3 R4WALKRA:W4 R5WALKRA:W5 R6WALKRA:W6 R7WALKRA:W7 R8WALKRA:W8 R9WALKRA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

across across across across across across across across

room room room room room room room room

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2WALKRA S3WALKRA S4WALKRA S5WALKRA S6WALKRA S7WALKRA S8WALKRA S9WALKRA

S2WALKRA:W2 S3WALKRA:W3 S4WALKRA:W4 S5WALKRA:W5 S6WALKRA:W6 S7WALKRA:W7 S8WALKRA:W8 S9WALKRA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

across across across across across across across across

room room room room room room room room

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2DRESSA R3DRESSA R4DRESSA R5DRESSA R6DRESSA R7DRESSA R8DRESSA R9DRESSA

R2DRESSA:W2 R3DRESSA:W3 R4DRESSA:W4 R5DRESSA:W5 R6DRESSA:W6 R7DRESSA:W7 R8DRESSA:W8 R9DRESSA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2DRESSA S3DRESSA S4DRESSA S5DRESSA S6DRESSA S7DRESSA S8DRESSA S9DRESSA

S2DRESSA:W2 S3DRESSA:W3 S4DRESSA:W4 S5DRESSA:W5 S6DRESSA:W6 S7DRESSA:W7 S8DRESSA:W8 S9DRESSA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing Diff-Dressing

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2BATHA R3BATHA R4BATHA R5BATHA R6BATHA R7BATHA R8BATHA R9BATHA

R2BATHA:W2 R3BATHA:W3 R4BATHA:W4 R5BATHA:W5 R6BATHA:W6 R7BATHA:W7 R8BATHA:W8 R9BATHA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing,

shower shower shower shower shower shower shower shower

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7

S2BATHA S3BATHA S4BATHA S5BATHA S6BATHA S7BATHA

S2BATHA:W2 S3BATHA:W3 S4BATHA:W4 S5BATHA:W5 S6BATHA:W6 S7BATHA:W7

S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing, Diff-Bathing,

shower shower shower shower shower shower

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

298

8 9

S8BATHA S9BATHA

S8BATHA:W8 S Some Diff-Bathing, shower S9BATHA:W9 S Some Diff-Bathing, shower

Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2EATA R3EATA R4EATA R5EATA R6EATA R7EATA R8EATA R9EATA

R2EATA:W2 R3EATA:W3 R4EATA:W4 R5EATA:W5 R6EATA:W6 R7EATA:W7 R8EATA:W8 R9EATA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2EATA S3EATA S4EATA S5EATA S6EATA S7EATA S8EATA S9EATA

S2EATA:W2 S3EATA:W3 S4EATA:W4 S5EATA:W5 S6EATA:W6 S7EATA:W7 S8EATA:W8 S9EATA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating Diff-Eating

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2BEDA R3BEDA R4BEDA R5BEDA R6BEDA R7BEDA R8BEDA R9BEDA

R2BEDA:W2 R3BEDA:W3 R4BEDA:W4 R5BEDA:W5 R6BEDA:W6 R7BEDA:W7 R8BEDA:W8 R9BEDA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get

in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out

bed bed bed bed bed bed bed bed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2BEDA S3BEDA S4BEDA S5BEDA S6BEDA S7BEDA S8BEDA S9BEDA

S2BEDA:W2 S3BEDA:W3 S4BEDA:W4 S5BEDA:W5 S6BEDA:W6 S7BEDA:W7 S8BEDA:W8 S9BEDA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get

in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out in/out

bed bed bed bed bed bed bed bed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2TOILTA R3TOILTA R4TOILTA R5TOILTA R6TOILTA R7TOILTA R8TOILTA R9TOILTA

R2TOILTA:W2 R3TOILTA:W3 R4TOILTA:W4 R5TOILTA:W5 R6TOILTA:W6 R7TOILTA:W7 R8TOILTA:W8 R9TOILTA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using

the the the the the the the the

toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2TOILTA S3TOILTA S4TOILTA S5TOILTA S6TOILTA S7TOILTA S8TOILTA S9TOILTA

S2TOILTA:W2 S3TOILTA:W3 S4TOILTA:W4 S5TOILTA:W5 S6TOILTA:W6 S7TOILTA:W7 S8TOILTA:W8 S9TOILTA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using Diff-Using

the the the the the the the the

toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet toilet

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

299

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2WALKRA R3WALKRA R4WALKRA R5WALKRA R6WALKRA R7WALKRA R8WALKRA R9WALKRA

19266 17933 21341 19532 18145 20103 18445 17193

0.068 0.074 0.073 0.077 0.083 0.077 0.083 0.086

0.252 0.262 0.260 0.267 0.276 0.266 0.275 0.280

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2WALKRA S3WALKRA S4WALKRA S5WALKRA S6WALKRA S7WALKRA S8WALKRA S9WALKRA

12806 11892 13965 12720 11634 12966 11732 10639

0.046 0.049 0.046 0.051 0.054 0.049 0.054 0.052

0.210 0.216 0.209 0.220 0.227 0.217 0.226 0.221

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2DRESSA R3DRESSA R4DRESSA R5DRESSA R6DRESSA R7DRESSA R8DRESSA R9DRESSA

19628 17938 21352 19551 18154 20114 18453 17204

0.054 0.104 0.103 0.107 0.107 0.100 0.111 0.112

0.225 0.306 0.304 0.309 0.309 0.300 0.315 0.316

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2DRESSA S3DRESSA S4DRESSA S5DRESSA S6DRESSA S7DRESSA S8DRESSA S9DRESSA

13079 11896 13968 12722 11637 12970 11732 10643

0.036 0.080 0.080 0.083 0.080 0.075 0.086 0.083

0.187 0.271 0.271 0.276 0.271 0.264 0.281 0.276

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2BATHA R3BATHA R4BATHA R5BATHA R6BATHA R7BATHA R8BATHA R9BATHA

19627 17930 21350 19546 18153 20107 18451 17202

0.050 0.076 0.082 0.082 0.085 0.079 0.082 0.087

0.218 0.265 0.275 0.275 0.279 0.270 0.275 0.281

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2BATHA S3BATHA S4BATHA S5BATHA S6BATHA S7BATHA S8BATHA S9BATHA

13081 11897 13970 12723 11637 12968 11732 10642

0.033 0.047 0.052 0.050 0.050 0.048 0.050 0.050

0.178 0.212 0.222 0.218 0.219 0.213 0.219 0.219

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2EATA R3EATA R4EATA R5EATA R6EATA

19635 17943 21345 19548 18146

0.011 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.041

0.106 0.191 0.192 0.191 0.198

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

300

R7EATA R8EATA R9EATA

20098 18445 17197

0.038 0.042 0.042

0.191 0.202 0.199

0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000

S2EATA S3EATA S4EATA S5EATA S6EATA S7EATA S8EATA S9EATA

13082 11899 13966 12722 11633 12968 11730 10640

0.007 0.025 0.026 0.024 0.024 0.023 0.027 0.024

0.084 0.157 0.158 0.154 0.155 0.150 0.162 0.152

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2BEDA R3BEDA R4BEDA R5BEDA R6BEDA R7BEDA R8BEDA R9BEDA

19621 17942 21344 19547 18139 20104 18445 17193

0.051 0.075 0.073 0.071 0.072 0.066 0.074 0.072

0.220 0.263 0.260 0.258 0.258 0.249 0.262 0.259

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2BEDA S3BEDA S4BEDA S5BEDA S6BEDA S7BEDA S8BEDA S9BEDA

13072 11899 13966 12723 11633 12964 11725 10639

0.039 0.054 0.053 0.052 0.050 0.046 0.056 0.049

0.195 0.226 0.225 0.223 0.217 0.210 0.229 0.215

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2TOILTA R3TOILTA R4TOILTA R5TOILTA R6TOILTA R7TOILTA R8TOILTA R9TOILTA

8218 17937 21334 19533 18130 20083 18428 17176

0.036 0.059 0.062 0.063 0.064 0.059 0.071 0.068

0.185 0.235 0.241 0.243 0.245 0.236 0.257 0.252

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2TOILTA S3TOILTA S4TOILTA S5TOILTA S6TOILTA S7TOILTA S8TOILTA S9TOILTA

4347 11897 13961 12719 11629 12958 11722 10638

0.024 0.038 0.043 0.044 0.041 0.038 0.047 0.044

0.153 0.192 0.203 0.206 0.198 0.192 0.212 0.204

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2WALKRA R3WALKRA R4WALKRA R5WALKRA R6WALKRA R7WALKRA R8WALKRA R9WALKRA 353 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 36 28 23 7 10 7 9 21 18 14 18 15 14 14 13 17954 16607 19789 18021 16632 18562 16922 15719 1312 1326 1552 1511 1513 1541 1523 1474

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing |

S2WALKRA S3WALKRA S4WALKRA S5WALKRA S6WALKRA S7WALKRA S8WALKRA S9WALKRA 268 1 1 1 1

Section B: Health

.R=RF .S=Skip .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR .X=Dont do 0.No 1.Yes

301

| | | | | | |

1 5970 584 12 12215 591

1 11 5658 418 11 11310 582

7 6869 537 5 13328 637

2 5 6538 311 2 12070 650

3 6306 220 4 11002 632

1 1 6777 380 3 12326 640

1 6417 317 2 11100 632

2 6206 365 5 10090 549

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2DRESSA R3DRESSA R4DRESSA R5DRESSA R6DRESSA R7DRESSA R8DRESSA R9DRESSA 2 2 3 4 3 5 1 1 1 1 1 2 36 28 23 7 10 7 9 11 13 4 1 2 1 2 4 18574 16068 19160 17458 16218 18104 16398 15269 1054 1870 2192 2093 1936 2010 2055 1935

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2DRESSA S3DRESSA S4DRESSA S5DRESSA S6DRESSA S7DRESSA S8DRESSA S9DRESSA 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 7 5 3 1 1 2 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 8 7 3 1 1 1 12603 10949 12855 11662 10707 11991 10719 9762 476 947 1113 1060 930 979 1013 881

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2BATHA 6 1

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2BATHA 3 1

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2EATA 1 1 1

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2EATA 1 1 1

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing |

R2BEDA 7 1

8 18642 985

5970 584 3 12651 430

4 19410 225

5970 584 3 12989 93

R3BATHA 3 1 1 36 20 16562 1368

R4BATHA 3

R5BATHA 4

R6BATHA 1

R7BATHA 4

R8BATHA 2

R9BATHA 1

28 3 19595 1755

23 6 17936 1610

7 6 16610 1543

2 10 6 18514 1593

2 7 7 16929 1522

9 5 15711 1491

S3BATHA

S4BATHA 1

S5BATHA 1

S6BATHA

S7BATHA

S8BATHA 1

S9BATHA

7 6869 537

3 6306 220 1 11050 587

2 1 6777 380 1 12352 616

1 6417 317 1 11141 591

2 6206 365 2 10107 535

1 11 5658 418 6 11336 561

13243 727

5 6538 311 1 12087 636

R3EATA 2

R4EATA 2

R5EATA 1

R6EATA 3

R7EATA 8

R8EATA 2

R9EATA 2

1 36 9 17260 683

28 9 20529 816

23 7 18805 743

7 11 17407 739

10 13 19340 758

3 7 12 17662 783

9 9 16483 714

S4EATA 2

S5EATA

S6EATA 2

S7EATA

S8EATA

1 11 5658 418 4 11597 302

7 6869 537 3 13608 358

5 6538 311 3 12413 309

3 6306 220 3 11348 285

1 6777 380 3 12670 298

1 1 6417 317 3 11414 316

2 6206 365 3 10388 252

R3BEDA 3

R4BEDA 4

R5BEDA 4

R6BEDA 2

R7BEDA 2

R8BEDA 3

R9BEDA 2

S3EATA

S9EATA 1

Section B: Health

.R=RF .S=Skip .X=Dont do 0.No 1.Yes

302

| | | | |

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

2 11 18622 999 S2BEDA 4 1 2 5970 584 9 12557 515

1 36 9 16599 1343 S3BEDA

1 11 5658 418 4 11258 641

28 8 19783 1561

23 5 18150 1397

7 19 16842 1297

10 13 18773 1331

S4BEDA 2

S5BEDA 1

S6BEDA 1

S7BEDA

7 6869 537 3 13220 746

5 6538 311 1 12057 666

3 6306 220 4 11055 578

1 6777 380 7 12366 598

3 7 11 17080 1365 S8BEDA 1 1 1 6417 317 7 11072 653

9 13 15949 1244 S9BEDA

2 6206 365 5 10122 517

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2TOILTA R3TOILTA R4TOILTA R5TOILTA R6TOILTA R7TOILTA R8TOILTA R9TOILTA 2 2 6 7 5 4 2 3 1 11420 1 1 1 1 1 4 36 28 23 7 10 7 9 15 15 16 24 31 28 29 7925 16886 20015 18300 16964 18890 17115 16005 293 1051 1319 1233 1166 1193 1313 1171

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2TOILTA S3TOILTA S4TOILTA S5TOILTA S6TOILTA S7TOILTA S8TOILTA S9TOILTA 1 2 3 1 1 1 9123 1 1 1 1 2 11 7 5 3 1 1 2 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 200 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 6 7 6 5 11 9 6 4243 11442 13359 12154 11152 12462 11167 10174 104 455 602 565 477 496 555 464

How Constructed: These variables recode raw data about difficulty with activities of daily living (ADLs) as yes/no dummy variables, where 1 means some difficulty and 0 means not. The ADLs include walking across a room (RwWALKRA), dressing (RwDRESSA), bathing (RwBATHA), eating (RwEATA), getting in and out of bed (RwBEDA), and using the toilet (RwTOILTA). In the following, references to Rw[adl]A apply to all these variables. Note that questions about using the toilet were not asked in Wave 2H. For HRS respondents in Wave 2H, R2TOILTA is set to .Q (question not asked). We attempt to make consistent variables across waves. Because of significant differences in question wording in Wave 1, we do not include these variables for this interview year. There are other cross wave differences in the way HRS presented these questions in Wave 2H and 2A and the later waves, that may introduce measurement errors in these variables. In addition the criteria used for skipping some questions changed between Wave 3 and later waves, which may also influence the consistency of measurement before Wave 4 for all ADLs except dressing. The variable derivations for some difficulty with ADLs(Rw[adl]A) vary across waves because the question and responses can vary across waves. In Wave 2, if a respondent answers "yes" to the first question ("Do you have any difficulty with ...") Rw[adl]A is set to 1 for some difficulty, regardless of how much difficulty the respondent says he/she has in the follow-up question. From Wave 3 forward, if a respondent answers "yes" or "can't do" to the any difficulty question, Rw[adl]A is set to 1 for some difficulty. In all waves, if the respondent answers "no" to the any difficulty question, Rw[adl]A is set to zero. A "don't do" response is recoded to missing value .X, since the respondent hasn't revealed whether he/she would have difficulty with the activity if he/she ever did it. If the response is don’t know or refuse Rw[adl]A is set to special missing codes .D or .R, respectively.

Section B: Health

303

In some waves, questions about activities are skipped based on answers to previous questions. In Wave 2H, if a respondent said no difficulty jogging a mile, walking several blocks, or walking one block, the question about walking across a room is skipped. In these cases, R2WALKRA is set to 0 for no difficulty. This does not apply to Wave 2A. From Wave 3 forward, ADL questions are skipped if no difficulty was reported with any of the tasks asked about earlier. In these cases, Rw[adl]A is set to no difficulty. From Wave 4 forward, if difficulty with only one prior task and no difficulty with dressing was reported, the questions about the rest of the ADLs are skipped. In these cases, the rest of the Rw[adl]A variables are also set to no difficulty. The assumption is that, since the respondent had no difficulty with the earlier activities, he/she would also have reported no difficulty the activities in the skipped questions. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, there are questions about getting help with all ADLs. For waves when the help question is asked, we set Rw[adl]A to yes if respondents answer yes to getting help and are missing Rw[adl]A, i.e., the response to the any difficulty question is don’t do, don’t know, or refuse. A "can't do" response would have already been coded as yes. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported Wave 'w' data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. Some of these variables are used to construct a number of functional limitation indices, including an ADL summary index. Please see "ADL Summary" and "Other Summary Indices". Another version of these variables simply recode the raw HRS variables. Please see the description of the Rw[adl] variables under "Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Raw recodes " for this version. A third version of ADL variables are derived for Wave 1 only (R1[adl]W). They codes a yes/no dummy that indicates "any difficulty" in a manner used by Wallace and Herzog in their paper. These are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Please see "ADLs: Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog" for a description of the R1[adl]W variables. Note that the Wallace and Herzog variables result in more limitation than the 0/1 recodes described here for other waves (Rw[adl]A) solely due to measurement differences in the raw data. The R1[adl]W variables are not appropriate for comparison to the Rw{adl]A variables in other waves.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Each wave has a series of questions about limits on activities of daily living (ADLs), but the ADLs, the question wording, and possible answers vary. In all waves questions ask about a number of activities, such as climbing stairs or picking up a dime. In Wave 1 these include those identified as ADLs. The Wave 1 questions ask: We are interested in how much difficulty people have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. ... Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. How difficult is it for you to [...]? Is it not at all difficult, a little difficult, somewhat difficult, very difficult, or something that you can't do at all? The respondent can also answer "Don't do". The answers translate into 4 codes from 1 for not at all difficult to 4 for very difficult/can't do. Another code is used for the "Don't do" response. The specific wording for the ADLs is: walk across a room, get in and out of bed without help, bathe or shower without help, eat without help, and dress without help. In Wave 2H the ADL questions continue to be embedded among other activities as in Wave 1 but the question and answers differ. The questions ask: We are interested in how much difficulty people have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please tell me how difficult each of the following activities is for you. Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. Do you have any difficulty with ...? [IF YES] Is that a little difficulty or a lot of difficulty?

Section B: Health

304

In the data the answers to the 2-part question are recoded into 5-categories: 1=yes, a little difficult; 2=yes, a lot; 3=yes, DK; 4=yes, RF; 5=No; 6=doesn't do. Note that there is no "Can't do" category and that "Don't do" is not an option in the instrument. The "Doesn't do" category is likely the result of post-interview interpretation of interview comments so may be observed less frequently than in other waves, simply because of questionnaire differences. This does not appear to have a large impact among the ADLs. The specific wording for the ADLs is: walking across the room, getting in and out of bed without help, bathing or showering without help, eating without help, and dressing without help. In Waves 1 and 2H, if the respondent reported no difficulty with jogging a mile, walking several blocks, or walking one block, then the question about walking across the room is skipped. In Wave 2A, the question asks: We need to understand difficulties people may have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please tell me whether you get help or have any difficulty doing each of the everyday activities. If you never do that activity, just tell me so. Does anyone ever help you ...? Yes, No or Don't do. [IF YES] Do you get help most of the time, some of the time, only occasionally? The exact wording for the ADLs in the help question is: get across a room; get in and out of bed; bathe or shower; dress, including putting on socks and shoes; eat, such as cutting up your food; and use the toilet, including getting up and down. Regardless of whether any difficulty is reported for walking across the room: Do you ever use equipment or devices such as a cane, walker or wheelchair when crossing a room? Regardless of whether any difficulty is reported for getting in and out of bed: Do you ever use equipment or devices such as a rail, cane, walker, wheelchair or lift to help you get in and out of bed? And for walking across a room and getting in and out of bed: (Even when someone helps you/Even when using the (EQUIPMENT)/Without any help or special equipment) do you have any difficulty [...]? Yes or No. [if YES] Is that a lot or a little difficulty? The exact wording for the task is: walking across the room and getting in and out of bed. And for other ADLS: Do you have any difficulty [...](even when someone helps you/without any help)? Yes or No. [if YES] Is that a lot or a little difficulty? The exact wording for these tasks is: bathing, eating, dressing, and using the toilet. Note that in Wave 2A, the question about getting help was asked before any difficulty and using equipment. So if respondent answered "don't do" on the getting help question, then the questions on any difficulty and equipment are skipped. Note that there is no "Can't do" category. From Wave 3 forward, the questions about ADLs are removed from the initial list of activities. If the respondent has no difficulty with any of these activities then the questions about ADLs are skipped. Questions ask about ADLs ONLY if the respondent reported difficulty with some activity on the initial list. The questions on ADLs ask: Here are a few more everyday activities. Please tell me if you have any difficulty with these because of a physical, mental, emotional or memory problem. Again exclude any difficulties you expect to last less than three months. Because of a health or memory problem do you have any difficulty with ...? The answers to the difficulty questions are simply yes, no, can't do, or don't do. The exact wording for the ADLs is: walking across a room; dressing,including putting on socks and shoes; bathing or showering; eating, such as cutting up your food; getting in and out of bed; and using the toilet, including getting up and down. Regardless of whether any difficulty is reported for walking across the room: Do you ever use equipment or devices such as a cane, walker or wheelchair when crossing a room? Yes or No.

Section B: Health

305

Regardless of whether any difficulty is reported for getting in and out of bed: Do you ever use equipment or devices such as a cane, walker or railing when getting in or out of bed? Yes or No. Unless the respondent reports having no difficulty with an ADL then he/she is asked: Does anyone ever help you [...]? Yes or No. The exact wording for each of the ADLs is: get across a room, dress, bathe, eat, get in or out of bed, and use the toilet. From Wave 4 forward, the question organization and wording are the same as in Wave 3, with one exception. If the first basic ADL, dressing, showed no difficulty, and among the prior tasks at most one difficulty was reported, the rest of the basic ADLs of walking across a room, bathing, eating, getting in/out of bed, and using the toilet were skipped. In Wave 7, a mistake in the Spanish instrument allowed "can't do" and "don't do" responses for the help questions, and a few of these responses are given for all of the ADLs except help with dressing and eating. In Wave 1 and 2H questions about using the toilet are not asked, so for Wave 2H, R2TOILTA is set to .Q.

HRS Variables Used AHEAD 1993: B768 B770 B773 B779 B781 B787 B789 B795 B797 B803 B808 B811 B814 B816 HRS 1994: W306 W307 W308 W309 W312 W318 W321 W322 AHEAD 1995: D1870 D1871 D1874 D1877 D1884 D1887 D1894 D1897 D1904 D1907 D1914 D1917 D1920 D1927 D1930 HRS 1996:

E33. ADL WALK HELP EVER E33b. WALK USE EQUIPMENT E33e. WALK ANY DIFFICULTY E35. ADL DRESS HELP EVER E35b. DRESS ANY DIFFICULTY E37. ADL BATHE HELP EVER E37b. BATHE ANY DIFFICULTY E39. ADL EAT GET HELP EVER E39b. EAT DIFFICULTY E41. ADL IN/OUT BED HELP EVER E43. BED USE EQUIPMENT EVER E43c. BED ANY DIFFICULTY E44. ADL TOILET HELP EVER E44b. TOILET ANY DIFFICULTY B4.RUNNING/JOGGING 1 MIL B4a.WALKING SEVERAL BLOC B4b.WALKING ONE BLOCK B4c.WALKING ACROSS A ROO B4f.GETTING IN/OUT OF BE B4n.BATHING/SHOWERING WI B4r.EATING WITHOUT HELP B4s.DRESSING WITHOUT HEL ADLCK.CKPT FOR SKIPPING ADL SERIES E72.WALK DIFF E72C.WALK EQUIPMENT E72F.ADL WALK HELP E73.DRESS DIFF E73F.ADL DRESS HELP E74.BATHING DIFF E74F.ADL BATHE HELP E75.EAT DIFF E75F.ADL EAT HELP E76.BED DIFF E76C.BED EQUIPMENT E76F.ADL BED HELP E77.TOILET DIFF E77F.ADL TOILET HELP

Section B: Health

E1894 E1895 E1898 E1901 E1908 E1911 E1918 E1921 E1928 E1931 E1938 E1941 E1944 E1951 E1954 HRS 1998: F2421 F2425 F2426 F2427 F2428 F2431 F2444 F2447 F2454 F2457 F2464 F2467 F2470 F2477 F2480 HRS 2000: G2719 G2723 G2724 G2725 G2726 G2729 G2742 G2745 G2752 G2755 G2762 G2765 G2768 G2775 G2778 HRS 2002: HG012 HG014 HG015 HG016 HG017 HG020 HG021 HG022 HG023 HG024 HG025 HG026 HG029 HG030 HG031

ADLCK.CKPT FOR SKIPPING ADL SERIES E72.WALK DIFF E72C.WALK EQUIPMENT E72F.ADL WALK HELP E73.DRESS DIFF E73F.ADL DRESS HELP E74.BATHING DIFF E74F.ADL BATHE HELP E75.EAT DIFF E75F.ADL EAT HELP E76.BED DIFF E76C.BED EQUIPMENT E76F.ADL BED HELP E77.TOILET DIFF E77F.ADL TOILET HELP E71.PICK DIME E73F.DRESS DIFF E73F.ADL DRESS HELP E72.WALK DIFF E72C.WALK EQUIPMENT E72.ADL WALK HELP E74.BATHING DIFF E74F.ADL BATHE HELP E75.EAT DIFF E75F.ADL EAT HELP E76.BED DIFF E76C.BED EQUIPMENT E76F.ADL BED HELP E77.TOILET DIFF E77F.ADL TOILET HELP E71.PICK DIME E73Y1.DRESS DIFF E73F.ADL DRESS HELP E72.WALK DIFF E72C.WALK EQUIPMENT E72Y1.ADL WALK HELP E74.BATHING DIFF E74F.ADL BATHE HELP E75.EAT DIFF E75F.ADL EAT HELP E76.BED DIFF E76C.BED EQUIPMENT E76F.ADL BED HELP E77.TOILET DIFF E77F.ADL TOILET HELP DIFFICULTY- PICKING UP DIME DIFFICULTY- DRESSING HELP W/DRESS DIFFICULTY WALKING WALK EQUIPMENT ADL WALK HELP DIFFICULTY BATHING ADL BATHE HELP DIFFICULTY EATING ADL EAT HELP DIFFICULTY GET IN/OUT BED BED EQUIPMENT ADL BED HELP DIFFICULTY USING TOILET ADL TOILET HELP

306

Section B: Health

HRS 2004: JG012 JG014 JG015 JG016 JG017 JG020 JG021 JG022 JG023 JG024 JG025 JG026 JG029 JG030 JG031 HRS 2006: KG012 KG014 KG015 KG016 KG017 KG020 KG021 KG022 KG023 KG024 KG025 KG026 KG029 KG030 KG031 HRS 2008: LG012 LG014 LG015 LG016 LG017 LG020 LG021 LG022 LG023 LG024 LG025 LG026 LG029 LG030 LG031

DIFFICULTY- PICKING UP DIME DIFFICULTY- DRESSING HELP W/DRESS DIFFICULTY WALKING WALK EQUIPMENT ADL WALK HELP DIFFICULTY BATHING ADL BATHE HELP DIFFICULTY EATING ADL EAT HELP DIFFICULTY GET IN/OUT BED BED EQUIPMENT ADL BED HELP DIFFICULTY USING TOILET ADL TOILET HELP DIFFICULTY- PICKING UP DIME DIFFICULTY- DRESSING HELP W/DRESS DIFFICULTY WALKING WALK EQUIPMENT ADL WALK HELP DIFFICULTY BATHING ADL BATHE HELP DIFFICULTY EATING ADL EAT HELP DIFFICULTY GET IN/OUT BED BED EQUIPMENT ADL BED HELP DIFFICULTY USING TOILET ADL TOILET HELP DIFFICULTY- PICKING UP DIME DIFFICULTY- DRESSING HELP W/DRESS DIFFICULTY WALKING WALK EQUIPMENT ADL WALK HELP DIFFICULTY BATHING ADL BATHE HELP DIFFICULTY EATING ADL EAT HELP DIFFICULTY GET IN/OUT BED BED EQUIPMENT ADL BED HELP DIFFICULTY USING TOILET ADL TOILET HELP

307

Section B: Health

308

Activities of daily living (ADLs): Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

R1WALKRW

R1WALKRW:W1 R Any Diff-Walk across room

Categ

1

S1WALKRW

S1WALKRW:W1 S Any Diff-Walk across room

Categ

1

R1DRESSW

R1DRESSW:W1 R Any Diff-Dressing

Categ

1

S1DRESSW

S1DRESSW:W1 S Any Diff-Dressing

Categ

1

R1BATHW

R1BATHW:W1 R Any Diff-Bathing, shower

Categ

1

S1BATHW

S1BATHW:W1 S Any Diff-Bathing, shower

Categ

1

R1EATW

R1EATW:W1 R Any Diff-Eating

Categ

1

S1EATW

S1EATW:W1 S Any Diff-Eating

Categ

1

R1BEDW

R1BEDW:W1 R Any Diff-Get in/out of bed

Categ

1

S1BEDW

S1BEDW:W1 S Any Diff-Get in/out of bed

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

R1WALKRW

12636

0.042

0.201

0.000

1.000

S1WALKRW

9886

0.036

0.186

0.000

1.000

R1DRESSW

12645

0.029

0.168

0.000

1.000

S1DRESSW

9895

0.024

0.154

0.000

1.000

R1BATHW

12639

0.044

0.205

0.000

1.000

S1BATHW

9892

0.034

0.181

0.000

1.000

R1EATW

12647

0.009

0.096

0.000

1.000

S1EATW

9896

0.008

0.088

0.000

1.000

R1BEDW

12642

0.077

0.266

0.000

1.000

S1BEDW

9893

0.067

0.249

0.000

1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1WALKRW .X=Dont do | 16 0.No | 12102 1.Yes | 534 Value-------------------------|S1WALKRW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

Section B: Health

.X=Dont do 0.No 1.Yes

309

| | |

14 9533 353

Value-------------------------|R1DRESSW .X=Dont do | 7 0.No | 12278 1.Yes | 367 Value-------------------------|S1DRESSW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 5 0.No | 9655 1.Yes | 240 Value-------------------------| R1BATHW .X=Dont do | 13 0.No | 12081 1.Yes | 558 Value-------------------------| S1BATHW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 8 0.No | 9555 1.Yes | 337 Value-------------------------| .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R1EATW 5 12529 118

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S1EATW 2373 379 4 9819 77

Value-------------------------| .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R1BEDW 10 11672 970

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S1BEDW 2373 379 7 9235 658

How Constructed: These ADL variables are derived for Wave 1 only. They code a yes/no dummy that indicates "any difficulty" in a manner used by Wallace and Herzog in their paper (Wallace and Herzog, 1995). These variables are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Wallace and Herzog recode the ADL variables to 1 for "any difficulty" if the respondent answered "a little difficult", "somewhat difficult" or "very difficult/can't do". A response of "not difficult at all" is recoded to zero. This recoding scheme is applied for these variables to attempt to replicate the results reported in their paper. If a respondent said no difficulty jogging a mile, walking several blocks, or walking one block, the RwWALKRW variable is set to 0 for no difficulty.

Section B: Health

310

The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported Wave 1 data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. There are several other versions of these variables. One version simply recodes the raw HRS variables. Please see the descriptions of these (RwWALKR, RwDRESS, RwEAT, RwBED, RwBATH) under "Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Raw recodes". Another version recodes a yes/no dummy variable in waves other than Wave 1, but these are not comparable with the Wallace and Herzog recodes. Please see the descriptions of these (RwWALKRA, RwDRESSA, RwEATA, RwBEDA, RwBATHA) under "Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Some difficulty". Some of the Wallace and Herzog indices are also derived and include some of these measures in creating an index. Please see "ADL Summary" and "Other Summary Indices".

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Each wave has a series of questions about limits on activities of daily living (ADLs), but the ADLs, the question wording, and possible answers vary. In all waves questions ask about a number of activities, such as climbing stairs or picking up a dime. In Wave 1 these include those identified as ADLs. The Wave 1 questions ask: We are interested in how much difficulty people have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. ... Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. How difficult is it for you to [...]? Is it not at all difficult, a little difficult, somewhat difficult, very difficult, or something that you can't do at all? The respondent can also answer "Don't do". The answers translate into 4 codes from 1 for not at all difficult to 4 for very difficult/can't do. Another code is used for the "Don't do" response. In subsequent waves, there is a question that simply asks if the respondent has any difficulty with a particular activity. The question wording and possible answers are sufficiently different that the levels of Wave 1 codes cannot be derived from the data.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V307 V310 V316 V319 V320

B4D:WALK ACROSS A RO:IMP B4G:IN/OUT BED UNAID:IMP B4P:BATHE/SHOWR W/O :IMP B4S:EAT W/O HELP :IMP B4T:DRESS W/O HELP :IMP

Section B: Health

311

Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs): Raw recodes Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1MAP R2MAP R3MAP R4MAP R5MAP R6MAP R7MAP R8MAP R9MAP

R1MAP:W1 R2MAP:W2 R3MAP:W3 R4MAP:W4 R5MAP:W5 R6MAP:W6 R7MAP:W7 R8MAP:W8 R9MAP:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use

a a a a a a a a a

map map map map map map map map map

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1MAP S2MAP S3MAP S4MAP S5MAP S6MAP S7MAP S8MAP S9MAP

S1MAP:W1 S2MAP:W2 S3MAP:W3 S4MAP:W4 S5MAP:W5 S6MAP:W6 S7MAP:W7 S8MAP:W8 S9MAP:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use

a a a a a a a a a

map map map map map map map map map

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2

R1CALC R2CALC

R1CALC:W1 R Diff-Use a calculator R2CALC:W2 R Diff-Use a calculator

Categ Categ

1 2

S1CALC S2CALC

S1CALC:W1 S Diff-Use a calculator S2CALC:W2 S Diff-Use a calculator

Categ Categ

1

R1MCWV

R1MCWV:W1 R Diff-Use a microwave

Categ

1

S1MCWV

S1MCWV:W1 S Diff-Use a microwave

Categ

1

R1COMP

R1COMP:W1 R Diff-Use a computer

Categ

1

S1COMP

S1COMP:W1 S Diff-Use a computer

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2PHONE R3PHONE R4PHONE R5PHONE R6PHONE R7PHONE R8PHONE R9PHONE

R2PHONE:W2 R3PHONE:W3 R4PHONE:W4 R5PHONE:W5 R6PHONE:W6 R7PHONE:W7 R8PHONE:W8 R9PHONE:W9

R R R R R R R R

Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use

telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2PHONE S3PHONE S4PHONE S5PHONE S6PHONE S7PHONE S8PHONE S9PHONE

S2PHONE:W2 S3PHONE:W3 S4PHONE:W4 S5PHONE:W5 S6PHONE:W6 S7PHONE:W7 S8PHONE:W8 S9PHONE:W9

S S S S S S S S

Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use

telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

312

2

R2PHONER

R2PHONER:W2 R Diff-Use telephone

Categ

2

S2PHONER

S2PHONER:W2 S Diff-Use telephone

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2MONEY R3MONEY R4MONEY R5MONEY R6MONEY R7MONEY R8MONEY R9MONEY

R2MONEY:W2 R3MONEY:W3 R4MONEY:W4 R5MONEY:W5 R6MONEY:W6 R7MONEY:W7 R8MONEY:W8 R9MONEY:W9

R R R R R R R R

Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing

money money money money money money money money

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2MONEY S3MONEY S4MONEY S5MONEY S6MONEY S7MONEY S8MONEY S9MONEY

S2MONEY:W2 S3MONEY:W3 S4MONEY:W4 S5MONEY:W5 S6MONEY:W6 S7MONEY:W7 S8MONEY:W8 S9MONEY:W9

S S S S S S S S

Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing

money money money money money money money money

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

R2MONEYR

R2MONEYR:W2 R Diff-Managing money

Categ

2

S2MONEYR

S2MONEYR:W2 S Diff-Managing money

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2MEDS R3MEDS R4MEDS R5MEDS R6MEDS R7MEDS R8MEDS R9MEDS

R2MEDS:W2 R3MEDS:W3 R4MEDS:W4 R5MEDS:W5 R6MEDS:W6 R7MEDS:W7 R8MEDS:W8 R9MEDS:W9

R R R R R R R R

Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take

medications medications medications medications medications medications medications medications

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2MEDS S3MEDS S4MEDS S5MEDS S6MEDS S7MEDS S8MEDS S9MEDS

S2MEDS:W2 S3MEDS:W3 S4MEDS:W4 S5MEDS:W5 S6MEDS:W6 S7MEDS:W7 S8MEDS:W8 S9MEDS:W9

S S S S S S S S

Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take

medications medications medications medications medications medications medications medications

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

R2MEDSR

R2MEDSR:W2 R Diff-Take medications

Categ

2

S2MEDSR

S2MEDSR:W2 S Diff-Take medications

Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3SHOP R4SHOP R5SHOP R6SHOP R7SHOP R8SHOP R9SHOP

R3SHOP:W3 R4SHOP:W4 R5SHOP:W5 R6SHOP:W6 R7SHOP:W7 R8SHOP:W8 R9SHOP:W9

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

R R R R R R R

Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop

for for for for for for for

groceries groceries groceries groceries groceries groceries groceries

Section B: Health

313

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3SHOP S4SHOP S5SHOP S6SHOP S7SHOP S8SHOP S9SHOP

S3SHOP:W3 S4SHOP:W4 S5SHOP:W5 S6SHOP:W6 S7SHOP:W7 S8SHOP:W8 S9SHOP:W9

S S S S S S S

Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop

for for for for for for for

groceries groceries groceries groceries groceries groceries groceries

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

R2SHOPR

R2SHOPR:W2 R Diff-Shop for groceries

Categ

2

S2SHOPR

S2SHOPR:W2 S Diff-Shop for groceries

Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3MEALS R4MEALS R5MEALS R6MEALS R7MEALS R8MEALS R9MEALS

R3MEALS:W3 R4MEALS:W4 R5MEALS:W5 R6MEALS:W6 R7MEALS:W7 R8MEALS:W8 R9MEALS:W9

R R R R R R R

Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing

hot hot hot hot hot hot hot

meals meals meals meals meals meals meals

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3MEALS S4MEALS S5MEALS S6MEALS S7MEALS S8MEALS S9MEALS

S3MEALS:W3 S4MEALS:W4 S5MEALS:W5 S6MEALS:W6 S7MEALS:W7 S8MEALS:W8 S9MEALS:W9

S S S S S S S

Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing Diff-Preparing

hot hot hot hot hot hot hot

meals meals meals meals meals meals meals

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

R2MEALSR

R2MEALSR:W2 R Diff-Preparing hot meals

Categ

2

S2MEALSR

S2MEALSR:W2 S Diff-Preparing hot meals

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MAP R2MAP R3MAP R4MAP R5MAP R6MAP R7MAP R8MAP R9MAP

12652 11400 17943 21332 19538 18142 20103 18444 17191

1.842 0.381 1.450 1.332 1.418 1.341 1.299 1.226 1.251

1.678 1.025 3.087 3.020 3.101 3.013 2.982 2.887 2.922

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1MAP S2MAP S3MAP S4MAP S5MAP S6MAP S7MAP S8MAP S9MAP

9900 8725 11899 13964 12719 11628 12963 11724 10636

1.741 0.325 0.962 0.909 0.989 0.866 0.863 0.833 0.776

1.531 0.911 2.553 2.544 2.648 2.470 2.477 2.424 2.338

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1CALC R2CALC

12652 11398

2.061 0.410

2.516 1.589

1.000 0.000

9.000 9.000

Section B: Health

314

S1CALC S2CALC

9900 8720

1.953 0.368

2.399 1.523

1.000 0.000

9.000 9.000

R1MCWV

12652

1.507

1.688

1.000

9.000

S1MCWV

9900

1.421

1.508

1.000

9.000

R1COMP

12652

4.885

3.613

1.000

9.000

S1COMP

9900

4.819

3.608

1.000

9.000

R2PHONE R3PHONE R4PHONE R5PHONE R6PHONE R7PHONE R8PHONE R9PHONE

11416 17951 21349 19551 18159 20109 18457 17202

0.048 0.119 0.117 0.126 0.123 0.115 0.113 0.121

0.394 0.741 0.723 0.777 0.726 0.720 0.679 0.721

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2PHONE S3PHONE S4PHONE S5PHONE S6PHONE S7PHONE S8PHONE S9PHONE

8736 11902 13970 12724 11638 12966 11733 10639

0.042 0.090 0.090 0.096 0.082 0.080 0.085 0.087

0.373 0.652 0.650 0.713 0.606 0.625 0.622 0.649

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2PHONER

8219

0.100

0.649

0.000

9.000

S2PHONER

4348

0.091

0.605

0.000

9.000

R2MONEY R3MONEY R4MONEY R5MONEY R6MONEY R7MONEY R8MONEY R9MONEY

11415 17950 21349 19548 18154 20107 18456 17203

0.105 0.368 0.355 0.384 0.395 0.429 0.447 0.444

0.638 1.564 1.540 1.603 1.613 1.713 1.742 1.719

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2MONEY S3MONEY S4MONEY S5MONEY S6MONEY S7MONEY S8MONEY S9MONEY

8735 11901 13970 12721 11633 12966 11731 10641

0.096 0.405 0.370 0.415 0.421 0.464 0.488 0.472

0.650 1.737 1.664 1.770 1.776 1.876 1.921 1.886

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2MONEYR

8214

0.880

2.537

0.000

9.000

S2MONEYR

4344

1.147

2.907

0.000

9.000

11414 17950 20068 18546 17778 19696 18206 17012

0.130 0.668 0.062 0.060 0.054 0.054 0.057 0.059

0.915 2.285 0.445 0.403 0.298 0.332 0.315 0.320

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2MEDS R3MEDS R4MEDS R5MEDS R6MEDS R7MEDS R8MEDS R9MEDS

Section B: Health

315

S2MEDS S3MEDS S4MEDS S5MEDS S6MEDS S7MEDS S8MEDS S9MEDS

8733 11902 13137 12052 11416 12741 11590 10546

0.120 0.665 0.049 0.040 0.035 0.037 0.039 0.039

0.880 2.301 0.424 0.349 0.241 0.301 0.282 0.273

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2MEDSR

8221

0.171

1.050

0.000

9.000

S2MEDSR

4348

0.119

0.841

0.000

9.000

R3SHOP R4SHOP R5SHOP R6SHOP R7SHOP R8SHOP R9SHOP

17950 21350 19551 18159 20074 18458 17206

0.474 0.450 0.480 0.478 0.453 0.447 0.429

1.704 1.667 1.733 1.710 1.672 1.631 1.592

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S3SHOP S4SHOP S5SHOP S6SHOP S7SHOP S8SHOP S9SHOP

11902 13970 12724 11637 12956 11732 10642

0.446 0.402 0.437 0.420 0.415 0.396 0.359

1.765 1.666 1.748 1.711 1.707 1.636 1.553

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2SHOPR

8220

0.461

1.521

0.000

9.000

S2SHOPR

4347

0.436

1.606

0.000

9.000

R3MEALS R4MEALS R5MEALS R6MEALS R7MEALS R8MEALS R9MEALS

17951 21350 19549 18157 20112 18459 17205

0.586 0.564 0.606 0.630 0.574 0.523 0.510

2.048 2.008 2.073 2.105 2.017 1.903 1.867

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S3MEALS S4MEALS S5MEALS S6MEALS S7MEALS S8MEALS S9MEALS

11902 13971 12724 11636 12967 11732 10643

0.654 0.605 0.645 0.647 0.586 0.506 0.496

2.236 2.150 2.213 2.220 2.119 1.948 1.934

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2MEALSR

8220

0.591

2.024

0.000

9.000

S2MEALSR

4348

0.793

2.407

0.000

9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do |

R3MAP 8 4 36 12656 2198 568

R4MAP 18 6 28 16175 1599 745

R5MAP 14 3 24 14614 1393 782

R6MAP 18 7 13598 1437 724

R7MAP 10 6 10 15287 1504 742

R8MAP 15 3 7 14013 1546 699

R9MAP 14 3 9 13038 1480 576

Section B: Health

9. Dont do

316

|

Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

S1MAP 2373 379 6644 1543 747 686 280

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

S2MAP 12 4549 2 5970 384 7037 921 710 2 1 54 R1CALC 9979 664 257 354 1398

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------|

2749

2383

2570

2186

2097

S3MAP 3 2 11 5658 418 9224 1348 263 1064

S4MAP 6 1 7 6869 537 11466 909 360 1229

S5MAP 5 1 5 6538 311 10334 779 380 1226

S6MAP 10

S7MAP 4 4 1 6777 380 10712 829 348 1074

S8MAP 7 3 1 6417 317 9673 810 316 925

S9MAP 7 1 2 6206 365 8835 775 251 775

R2MAP 18 8222 2 8949 1244 1106 2 1 98

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

2813

R1MAP 8225 1997 957 1009 464

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

2521

R2CALC 19 8222 3 10050 452 546 4 346 S1CALC

3 6306 220 9535 827 308 958

Section B: Health

.U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 1.Not at all diff 2.A little diff 3.Somewhat diff 4.Very diff/cant do 9. Dont do

317

| | | | | | |

2373 379 7973 522 190 238 977

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 9. Dont do |

S2CALC 16 4549 3 5970 384 7807 320 348 2 243

Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

R1MCWV 10797 840 259 199 557

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

S1MCWV 2373 379 8560 677 192 133 338

Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

R1COMP 4059 1183 853 1239 5318

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

S1COMP 2373 379 3218 976 683 944 4079

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

R3PHONE 1 3 36 16925 642 281 103 R2PHONE 1 8222 3 11117 153 126 4 3 13

R4PHONE 4 3 28 20118 775 341 115

R5PHONE 2 2 24 18419 682 325 125

R6PHONE 1 7 17021 726 315 97

R7PHONE 4 6 10 18978 693 331 107

R8PHONE 3 2 7 17372 658 344 83

R9PHONE 5 1 9 16137 692 282 91

Section B: Health

318

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S3PHONE

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

S2PHONE 4549 3 5970 384 8531 110 81 2 3 9

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.Able to do without help | 1.Unable to do without help | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R2PHONER 2 1 11420 7745 375 63 36

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Able to do without help | 1.Unable to do without help | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S2PHONER 1 9123 5970 200 4122 170 40 16

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR |

S5PHONE

S6PHONE

7 6869 537 13355 405 148 62

1 5 6538 311 12192 336 125 71

R3MONEY 1 1 3 36 16166 713 534 537

R4MONEY 3

S3MONEY

2 11 5658 418 11389 327 133 53

S4PHONE 1

S8PHONE

3 6306 220 11143 339 112 44

S7PHONE 1 4 1 6777 380 12477 321 114 54

1 1 6417 317 11243 317 126 47

S9PHONE 4 1 2 6206 365 10189 313 89 48

R5MONEY 4

R6MONEY 3

R7MONEY 4

R8MONEY 3

R9MONEY 3

4 28 19305 849 576 619

2 25 17562 790 579 617

3 7 16198 800 576 580

8 10 17980 768 625 734

3 7 16377 789 592 698

2 9 15225 736 612 630

S4MONEY 1

S5MONEY 2

S6MONEY 2

S7MONEY 1

S8MONEY 1

S9MONEY 1

7 6869 537

1 6 6538 311

3 3 6306 220

4 1 6777 380

2 1 6417 317

2 2 6206 365

R2MONEY 3 8222 2 10781 379 205 3 4 43

1 2 11 5658 418

Section B: Health

0.No 1.Yes 2.Cant do 9. Dont do

319

| | | |

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

S2MONEY 2 4549 2 5970 384 8319 261 114 1 3 37

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.Able to do without help | 1.Unable to do without help | 9. Dont do |

R2MONEYR 2 4 11420 2 6758 734 722

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Able to do without help | 1.Unable to do without help | 9. Dont do |

S2MONEYR 2 2 9123 1 5970 200 3522 302 520

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .Z=Dont do/No if did | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

12906 355 223 486

11700 288 229 504

10669 280 220 464

11840 317 226 583

10666 281 230 554

9692 256 210 483

R3MEDS 1 4 36

R4MEDS 6 4 28 1278 19211 715 106 36

R5MEDS 2 2 24 1005 17733 672 117 24

R6MEDS 6

R7MEDS 6 4 36 387 18829 771 82 14

R8MEDS 2 3 7 251 17322 786 89 9

R9MEDS

S4MEDS 3

S5MEDS

S6MEDS

S8MEDS

S9MEDS

1 5 6538 311 672 11701 305 33 13

3 6306 220 222 11079 300 34 3

S7MEDS 2 2 10 6777 380 217 12370 336 26 9

2 1 6417 317 142 11212 344 28 6

1 2 6206 365 97 10197 326 18 5

16009 585 113 1243

7 376 16964 723 84 7

1 9 195 16149 783 71 9

R2MEDS 4 8222 2 10963 200 130 12 109

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .Z=Dont do/No if did | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------|

10938 268 243 452

S3MEDS 2 11 5658 418 10738 277 50 837 S2MEDS

7 6869 537 831 12730 337 47 23

Section B: Health

.D=DK/NA .Q=Not asked this wv .R=RF .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.No 1.Yes,a little 2.Yes,a lot 4.Yes,RF how much 9. Dont do

320

| | | | | | | | | |

4 4549 2 5970 384 8420 137 89 10 77

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.Able to do without help | 1.Unable to do without help | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R2MEDSR 1 11420 7711 377 24 109

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Able to do without help | 1.Unable to do without help | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S2MEDSR 1 9123 5970 200 4129 171 12 36

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3SHOP 2 3 36 15421 1024 867 638

R4SHOP

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.Able to do without help | 1.Unable to do without help | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R2SHOPR 1 1 11420 6535 1180 277 228

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Able to do without help | 1.Unable to do without help | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S2SHOPR 1 1 9123 5970 200 3662 442 105 138

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA |

R6SHOP 1

6 28 18465 1220 941 724

R5SHOP 2 2 24 16827 1141 859 724

R7SHOP 4 6 45 17375 1107 907 685

R8SHOP 1 3 7 15820 1186 857 595

R9SHOP 1 1 9 14828 1036 818 524

S3SHOP

S4SHOP

S5SHOP

S6SHOP 1

S8SHOP

3 6306 220 10459 441 312 425

S7SHOP 2 4 10 6777 380 11663 515 306 472

S9SHOP 1 1 2 6206 365 9602 462 263 315

2 11 5658 418 10630 489 318 465

1 7 6869 537 12565 562 361 482

1 5 6538 311 11385 536 315 488

R3MEALS 1

R4MEALS 1

R5MEALS 3

R6MEALS 3

R7MEALS 2

R8MEALS

7 15570 1052 887 650

2 1 6417 317 10487 571 285 389

R9MEALS 2

Section B: Health

.R=RF .S=Skip 0.No 1.Yes 2.Cant do 9. Dont do

321

| | | | | |

3 36 15739 688 554 970

5 28 18781 844 619 1106

3 24 17034 762 670 1083

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S3MEALS

S4MEALS

S5MEALS

2 11 5658 418 10591 320 208 783

7 6869 537 12505 389 233 844

1 5 6538 311 11309 351 246 818

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.Able to do without help | 1.Unable to do without help | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R2MEALSR 1 11420 1 7018 588 179 435

Value-------------------------| .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Able to do without help | 1.Unable to do without help | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S2MEALSR 1 9123 5970 200 3676 262 72 338

7 15691 775 651 1040 S6MEALS 2 3 6306 220 10345 336 201 754

5 10 17625 764 674 1049

3 7 16216 765 631 847

1 9 15095 744 610 756

S7MEALS 1 3 1 6777 380 11639 367 202 759

S8MEALS

S9MEALS

2 1 6417 317 10577 373 210 572

1 2 6206 365 9637 314 181 511

How Constructed: These variables recode the raw variables for difficulty with instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) as they appear in the HRS data except for missing values and accounting for skip patterns. Some measures described here are not normally used as IADLs but are included with them because they seemed to serve a similar measurement function in Wave 1. The measures described here are using the phone (RwPHONE), taking medications (RwMEDS), managing money (RwMONEY), shopping for groceries (RwSHOP), preparing meals (RwMEALS), using a map (RwMAP), using a calculator (RwCALC), using a microwave (R1MCWV), and using a computer (R1COMP). In the following, references to Rw[iadl] apply to all these variables. Respondents are asked about different IADL activities in Waves 1 and 2 than in the rest of the waves. Wave 1 asks about using a map, a calculator, a microwave, and a computer, but not about preparing meals, shopping for groceries, using the phone, taking medications, or managing money, which are activities normally considered IADLs. From Wave 2 forward, the questions about using a microwave or a computer are dropped, but using the phone, taking medications, and managing money are added. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, the questions about using a calculator are not asked, but shopping for groceries and preparing meals are added. Using a map is asked in all waves except Wave 2A. From Wave 3 forward, the set of IADLs is consistent and includes using the phone, taking medications, managing money, shopping for groceries, preparing meals, and using a map. In Wave 2A and 2H, the questions are asked differently and result in different raw recodes. The Wave 2H variables are named as they are in other waves (R2[iadl], e.g., R2PHONE) and the Wave 2A variables recoded raw variables are named R2[iadl]R, e.g., R2PHONER. For HRS respondents in Wave 2, the R2[iadl]R variables are set to .Q, and similarly, for Ahead respondents in Wave 2, the R2[iadl] variables are set to .Q. To summarize, R1MCWV and R1COMP are available only in Wave 1; RwCALC is only available in Waves 1 and 2H; R2PHONE, R2MEDS, and R2MONEY are available for Wave 2H; R2PHONER, R2MEDSR, R2MONEYR,

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322

R2SHOPR, and R2MEALSR are available for Wave 2A; RwPHONE, RwMEDS, RwMONEY, RwSHOP and RwMEALS are available from Wave 3 forward; and RwMAP is available in all waves except Wave 2A. In addition the categories for Rw[iadl] variables are uniquely different from other waves in Waves 1, 2H, and 2A. The recodes vary across waves because the question and responses can vary across waves. In Wave 1, the HRS imputations are left in place. In all other waves don’t know is recoded to special missing code .D and refused is recoded to .R. In Wave 1 difficulty with an ADL is rated on a 4-point scale from no difficulty to very difficult/can’t do. These are assigned without change. A "don’t do" answer is recoded to 9. In Wave 2H, the question asks if R has any difficulty with an IADL and if so, asks follow-up questions about the degree of difficulty. The raw variable codes both questions as one categorical variable. A "no" answer to the first question about any difficulty is recoded to 0, and the categorical levels of difficulty are recoded appropriately to "a little" and "a lot", or "don’t know/refused how much". A "don’t do" response is coded as 9. In Wave 2A, except for managing money, the questions begin with "Are you able to do ... without help?" and, if the response is "Don’t do", a follow-up question asks if this is because of a health problem. If the response to the first question is yes, then R2[iadl]R is set to 0, able to do without help. If the response is no, i.e., not able to do without help, R2[iadl]R is set to 1, unable to do without help. If the respondent indicates that s/he doesn’t do the activity because of a health problem, R2[iadl]R is set to 2, can’t do. If it is not because of a health problem, R2[iadl]R is set to 9, doesn’t do. The follow-up question about any difficulty was asked for these IADLS as a group, i.e., preparing meals, shopping for groceries, making telephone calls and taking medications all together. Because it is impossible to separate answers for specific IADLs, we don't use this question. For managing money in Wave 2A, the initial question asks about being able to manage money without help. If the response is no, a follow-up question asks if this is because of a health problem. If the response to the first question is yes, then R2MONEYR is set to 0, able to do without help. If the response is no, and the respondent indicates that it is because of a health problem, then R2MONEYR is set to 1, unable to do without help. If not because of a health problem then R2MONEYR is set to 9, doesn’t do. From Wave 3 forward there is just one question about difficulty using a map. RwMAP is set to 1 for any difficulty (yes), 0 for no difficulty, 2 for "can't do" response, 9 for "don't do", .D for don’t know, .R for refuse, and .S if the question was not asked. From Wave 3 forward for other activities, follow-up questions for "can't do" or "don't do" responses are used in deriving Rw[iadl]. Except for taking medications from Wave 4 forward, Rw[iadl] is derived as follows. If the respondent answers yes or no to the first question about having any difficulty, then Rw[iadl] is set to 1 for yes, difficulty or 0 for no difficulty, respectively. A don’t know or refuse response is set to .D or .R, respectively, and if the question is not answered, Rw[iadl] is set to .S. If the respondent answers "can't do" or "don't do" to the first question, the second question that asks if it is because of a health problem is checked. If it is because of a health problem, Rw[iadl] is set to 2 for "can't do". If not, the answer is considered a "don't do" response and Rw[iadl] is set to 9. From Wave 4 forward for taking medications, the recoding uses three questions. If the respondent answers yes to the first question about having any difficulty, RwMEDS is set to 1 for some difficulty. If the answer is no, RwMEDS is set to 0. A don’t know or refuse response is set to .D or .R, respectively, and if the question is not answered, Rw[iadl] is set to .S. If the respondent answers "don't do" to the first question, a second question asks if he/she would have difficulty if he/she took medications. If the answer is no, then RwMEDS is set to .Z to indicate the respondent doesn't take medications but says he/she wouldn't have difficulty if he/she did. If the answer to the second question is yes or if the respondent answers "can't do" to the first question, a third question asks whether it is because of a health problem. If the answer is yes

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323

and the respondent said "can't do" to the first question, RwMEDS is set to 2 for "can't do". If the answer is yes and the respondent doesn't take medications but said he/she would have difficulty if he/she did, RwMEDS is set to 1 for "yes", difficulty. If the answer is no, it is considered a "don't do" response. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported Wave 'w' data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. There are other versions of the Rw[iadl] variables that recode to a yes/no measure for use in creating indices. One version of this variable is derived that attempts to code a consistent crosswave yes/no dummy that indicates "some difficulty" (Rw[iadl]A). These are available from Wave 2 forward. Because of the inconsistent coding of the underlying HRS data, we do not construct R1[iadl]A variables in Wave 1. Please see the description of the Rw[iadl]A variables under "Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs): Some difficulty" for this version. Rw[iadl]A variables are used to construct an IADL summary index. Please see "IADL Summary". A third version of these variables are derived for Wave 1 only (R1[iadl]W). They code a yes/no dummy that indicates "any difficulty" in a manner used by Wallace and Herzog in their paper. These are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Please see "IADLs: Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog" for a description of the R1MAPW, R1CALCW, R1MCWVW, and R1COMPW variables. Note that the Wallace and Herzog variables result in more limitation than the 0/1 recodes done in other waves (Rw[iadl]A) solely due to measurement differences in the raw data. The R1[iadl]W variables are not appropriate for comparison to the Rw[iadl]A variables in other waves.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Each wave has a series of questions about limits on instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), but the specific activities, the question wording, and possible answers vary across waves. Some measures described here are not normally used as IADLs but are included with them because they seemed to serve a similar measurement function in Wave 1. The IADL measures described here are using the phone (RwPHONE), taking medications (RwMEDS), managing money (RwMONEY), shopping for groceries (RwSHOP), preparing meals (RwMEALS), using a map (RwMAP), using a calculator (RwCALC), using a microwave (R1MCWV), and using a computer (R1COMP). Respondents are asked about different IADL activities in Waves 1 and 2 than in the rest of the waves. Wave 1 asks about using a map, a calculator, a microwave, and a computer, but not about preparing meals, shopping for groceries, using the phone, taking medications, or managing money, which are activities normally considered IADLs. From Wave 2 forward, the questions about using a microwave or a computer are dropped, but using the phone, taking medications, and managing money are added. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, the questions about using a calculator are not asked, but shopping for groceries and preparing meals are added. Using a map is asked in all waves except Wave 2A. From Wave 3 forward, the set of IADLs is consistent and includes using the phone, taking medications, managing money, shopping for groceries, preparing meals, and using a map. The question wording and answers also varied across waves. The Wave 1 questions ask: Here are some other activities that people may have difficulty with. How difficult is it for you to [...]? The respondent can answer not at all difficult, a little difficult, somewhat difficult, very difficult/can't do, or don't do. The answers translate into 4 codes from 1 for not at all difficult to 4 for very difficult/can't do. Another code is used for the "Don't do" response. The specific wording for the IADLs is: use a map to figure out how to get around a strange place, use a microwave oven after reading the instructions, use a calculator to help balance your checkbook, and use a computer or word processor. In Wave 2H the question wording is similar to that in Wave 1 but is asked in 2 parts: 1) Here are some other activities that people may have difficulty with. with ...? Respondent can answer yes or no. 2) [IF YES] Is that a little difficulty or a lot of difficulty?

Do you have any difficulty

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324

In the data the answers to the 2-part question are recoded into 5-categories: 1=yes, a little difficult; 2=yes, a lot; 3=yes, DK; 4=yes, RF; 5=No; 6=doesn't do. Note that there is no "Can't do" category and that "Don't do" is not an option in the instrument. The "Doesn't do" category is likely the result of post-interview interpretation of interview comments so are observed less frequently than in other waves, simply because of questionnaire differences. This difference is considerable among the IADLs. The specific wording for the IADLs is: using a map to figure out how to get around a strange place, using a calculator to help balance your checkbook, managing your money, making telephone calls, and following instructions for taking prescription medications. In Wave 2A, the questions are asked differently for managing money and for other IADLs. section is prefaced with the following:

The

Here are a few other daily activities which some people have difficulty with. Please tell me whether you are able to do each activity without help from anyone else. If you don't do the activity at all, just tell me so. Except for managing money, the IADL questions ask: Are you able to .. without help? [IF DON’T DO] Is that because of a health problem? If the respondent reports being able to do any one of these activities without help, a question asks: Without help do you have any difficulty with [list of all applicable IADLs]? [IF YES] is that a little or a lot of difficulty? The specific wording for these activities is: prepare(ing) hot meals, shop(ping) for groceries, make(ing) telephone calls and take(ing) medications. For managing money the Wave 2A questions ask: 1) Do you manage your money-such as paying your bills and keeping track of expenses, without anyone's help? 2) [IF NO] Is that because of a health or memory condition? 3) [IF YES, DK, or RF to Q1, or YES to Q2] Do you have any difficulty managing your money (when someone is helping you/without help)? 4) [IF YES to Q3] Is that a little or a lot of difficulty? From Wave 3 forward, the question wording is again similar to that in Wave 1 but prefaced with additional text. The question asks: Here are a few other activities which some people have difficulty with because of a physical, mental, emotional, or memory problem. Please tell me if you have any difficulty with each activity I name. If you don't do the activity at all, just tell me so. Exclude any difficulties you expect to last less than three months. For using a map the question in Wave 3 is: Do you have any difficulty using a map to figure out how to get around in a strange place? From Wave 4 forward, this is prefaced with “Because of a health or memory problem....” Responses may be yes, no, can’t do, or don’t do. For other IADLs, a series of questions may be asked: 1) Because of a health or memory problem do you have any difficulty with ...? The respondent can answer yes, no, "can't do", or "don't do". In Wave 3, for taking medications, the wording for "don't do" is "don't take medications". 2) From Wave 4 forward for taking medications [If DON’T DO to Q1] Do you think you would have any difficulty taking medications if you needed to do so?

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325

3) [If YES, DK, or RF to Q2 for taking medications from Wave 4 forward; CAN’T DO to Q1 for taking medications in Wave 3; or CAN’T DO or DON’T DO to Q1 for all other activities] Is that because of a health or memory problem? The respondent can answer yes or no. In Wave 3A, this question is also asked if the response to Q1 is don’t know or refuse. In Wave 3A and 3H, this question is skipped for a "don't take medications" response. From Wave 4 forward, whether the question is asked depends on the answer to Q2 for taking medications if Q1 had a "don't do" response. 4) [If YES, DK, or RF to Q1 or Q3] Does anyone help you ...? The respondent can answer yes or no. In Wave 3, this question is not asked for managing money when the Q1 response is DK or RF. From Wave 4 forward this question is not asked if R is living in a nursing home. In Wave 7, a mistake in the Spanish instrument allowed "can't do" and "don't do" responses for the help questions, and a few of these responses are given for all of the IADLs except help with medications and money. The specific wording for these activities is: prepare(ing) a hot meal, shop(ping) for groceries, make(ing) phone calls, take(ing) medications, and manage(ing) your money -- such as paying your bills and keeping track of expenses.

HRS Variables Used V321 V322 V323 V324 AHEAD 1993: B903A1 B903A2 B903A3 B903A4 B904A1 B904A2 B904A3 B904A4 B948 B949 HRS 1994: W323 W324 W325 W326 W327 AHEAD 1995: D2012 D2021 D2023 D2026 D2028 D2031 D2033 D2036 D2038 D2099 D2100 HRS 1996: E2027 E2036 E2038 E2041 E2043 E2046 E2048 E2051 E2053 E2093

B5A:USE B5B:USE B5C:USE B5D:USE

MAP, STRNG P:IMP MCRWV W/ INS:IMP CALCULATOR :IMP COMPUTER :IMP

E52. IADL W/OUT HELP-PREPARE HOT MEAL E52. IADL W/OUT HELP-SHOP FOR GROCERIES E52. IADL W/OUT HELP-MAKE PHONE CALLS E52. IADL W/OUT HELP-TAKE MEDICATIONS E52a. IADL WHY DONT-PREPARE HOT MEALS E52a. IADL WHY DONT-SHOP FOR GROCERIES E52a. IADL WHY DONT-MAKE PHONE CALLS E52a. IADL WHY DONT-TAKE MEDICATIONS E57. IADL MONEY E57a. MONEY WHY CANT B5.USING A MAP B5a.USING A CALCULATOR B5b.MANAGING MONEY B5c.MAKING TELEPHONE CAL B5d.TAKING PRESCRIPTION E93.MAPS E95.IADL MEALS DIFF E95B.MEALS -WHY DONT E96.IADL GROC DIFF E96B.GROC -WHY DONT E97.IADLS PHONE DIFF E97B.PHONE -WHY DONT E98.IADLS MEDICATION DIFF E98B.MED-WHY DONT E106.IADL MONEY DIFF E106A.MONEY HEALTH PROBLEM E93.MAPS E95.IADL MEALS DIFF E95B.MEALS -WHY DONT E96.IADL GROC DIFF E96B.GROC -WHY DONT E97.IADLS PHONE DIFF E97B.PHONE -WHY DONT E98.IADLS MEDICATION DIFF E98B.MED-WHY DONT E106.IADL MONEY DIFF

Section B: Health

E2094 HRS 1998: F2553 F2562 F2564 F2567 F2569 F2572 F2574 F2577 F2578 F2579 F2618 F2619 HRS 2000: G2851 G2860 G2862 G2865 G2867 G2870 G2872 G2875 G2876 G2877 G2916 G2917 HRS 2002: HG040 HG041 HG042 HG044 HG045 HG047 HG048 HG050 HG051 HG052 HG059 HG060 HRS 2004: JG040 JG041 JG042 JG044 JG045 JG047 JG048 JG050 JG051 JG052 JG059 JG060 HRS 2006: KG040 KG041 KG042 KG044 KG045 KG047 KG048 KG050 KG051

E106A.MONEY HEALTH PROBLEM E93.MAPS E95.IADL MEALS DIFF E95B.MEALS -WHY DONT E96.IADL GROC DIFF E96B.GROC -WHY DONT E97.IADLS PHONE DIFF E97B.PHONE -WHY DONT E98.IADLS MEDICATION DIFF E98A E98B.MED-WHY DONT E106.IADL MONEY DIFF E106A.MONEY HEALTH PROBLEM E93.MAPS E95.IADL MEALS DIFF E95B.MEALS -WHY DONT E96.IADL GROC DIFF E96B.GROC -WHY DONT E97.IADLS PHONE DIFF E97B.PHONE -WHY DONT E98.IADLS MEDICATION DIFF E98A.IADLS MED IF NEEDED DIFF E98B.MED-WHY DONT E106.IADL MONEY DIFF E106A.MONEY HEALTH PROBLEM DIFFICULTY- USING MAPS IADL MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY WHY- MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY IADL GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY WHY- GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY IADL MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY WHY- MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDICATION DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDS IF NEEDED DIFFICULTY WHY- TAKING MEDICATIONS DIFFICULTY IADL MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY WHY- MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY DIFFICULTY- USING MAPS IADL MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY WHY- MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY IADL GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY WHY- GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY IADL MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY WHY- MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDICATION DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDS IF NEEDED DIFFICULTY WHY- TAKING MEDICATIONS DIFFICULTY IADL MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY WHY- MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY DIFFICULTY- USING MAPS IADL MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY WHY- MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY IADL GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY WHY- GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY IADL MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY WHY- MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDICATION DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDS IF NEEDED DIFFICULTY

326

Section B: Health

KG052 KG059 KG060 HRS 2008: LG040 LG041 LG042 LG044 LG045 LG047 LG048 LG050 LG051 LG052 LG059 LG060

WHY- TAKING MEDICATIONS DIFFICULTY IADL MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY WHY- MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY DIFFICULTY- USING MAPS IADL MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY WHY- MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY IADL GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY WHY- GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY IADL MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY WHY- MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDICATION DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDS IF NEEDED DIFFICULTY WHY- TAKING MEDICATIONS DIFFICULTY IADL MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY WHY- MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY

327

Section B: Health

328

Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs): Some difficulty Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2MAPA R3MAPA R4MAPA R5MAPA R6MAPA R7MAPA R8MAPA R9MAPA

R2MAPA:W2 R3MAPA:W3 R4MAPA:W4 R5MAPA:W5 R6MAPA:W6 R7MAPA:W7 R8MAPA:W8 R9MAPA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use

a a a a a a a a

map map map map map map map map

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2MAPA S3MAPA S4MAPA S5MAPA S6MAPA S7MAPA S8MAPA S9MAPA

S2MAPA:W2 S3MAPA:W3 S4MAPA:W4 S5MAPA:W5 S6MAPA:W6 S7MAPA:W7 S8MAPA:W8 S9MAPA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use

a a a a a a a a

map map map map map map map map

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

R2CALCA

R2CALCA:W2 R Some Diff-Use a calculator

Categ

2

S2CALCA

S2CALCA:W2 S Some Diff-Use a calculator

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2PHONEA R3PHONEA R4PHONEA R5PHONEA R6PHONEA R7PHONEA R8PHONEA R9PHONEA

R2PHONEA:W2 R3PHONEA:W3 R4PHONEA:W4 R5PHONEA:W5 R6PHONEA:W6 R7PHONEA:W7 R8PHONEA:W8 R9PHONEA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use

telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2PHONEA S3PHONEA S4PHONEA S5PHONEA S6PHONEA S7PHONEA S8PHONEA S9PHONEA

S2PHONEA:W2 S3PHONEA:W3 S4PHONEA:W4 S5PHONEA:W5 S6PHONEA:W6 S7PHONEA:W7 S8PHONEA:W8 S9PHONEA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use Diff-Use

telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone telephone

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2MONEYA R3MONEYA R4MONEYA R5MONEYA R6MONEYA R7MONEYA R8MONEYA R9MONEYA

R2MONEYA:W2 R3MONEYA:W3 R4MONEYA:W4 R5MONEYA:W5 R6MONEYA:W6 R7MONEYA:W7 R8MONEYA:W8 R9MONEYA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing

money money money money money money money money

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3

S2MONEYA S3MONEYA

S2MONEYA:W2 S Some Diff-Managing money S3MONEYA:W3 S Some Diff-Managing money

Categ Categ

Section B: Health

329

4 5 6 7 8 9

S4MONEYA S5MONEYA S6MONEYA S7MONEYA S8MONEYA S9MONEYA

S4MONEYA:W4 S5MONEYA:W5 S6MONEYA:W6 S7MONEYA:W7 S8MONEYA:W8 S9MONEYA:W9

S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing Diff-Managing

money money money money money money

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2MEDSA R3MEDSA R4MEDSA R5MEDSA R6MEDSA R7MEDSA R8MEDSA R9MEDSA

R2MEDSA:W2 R3MEDSA:W3 R4MEDSA:W4 R5MEDSA:W5 R6MEDSA:W6 R7MEDSA:W7 R8MEDSA:W8 R9MEDSA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take

medications medications medications medications medications medications medications medications

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2MEDSA S3MEDSA S4MEDSA S5MEDSA S6MEDSA S7MEDSA S8MEDSA S9MEDSA

S2MEDSA:W2 S3MEDSA:W3 S4MEDSA:W4 S5MEDSA:W5 S6MEDSA:W6 S7MEDSA:W7 S8MEDSA:W8 S9MEDSA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take Diff-Take

medications medications medications medications medications medications medications medications

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2SHOPA R3SHOPA R4SHOPA R5SHOPA R6SHOPA R7SHOPA R8SHOPA R9SHOPA

R2SHOPA:W2 R3SHOPA:W3 R4SHOPA:W4 R5SHOPA:W5 R6SHOPA:W6 R7SHOPA:W7 R8SHOPA:W8 R9SHOPA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop

for for for for for for for for

grocery grocery grocery grocery grocery grocery grocery grocery

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2SHOPA S3SHOPA S4SHOPA S5SHOPA S6SHOPA S7SHOPA S8SHOPA S9SHOPA

S2SHOPA:W2 S3SHOPA:W3 S4SHOPA:W4 S5SHOPA:W5 S6SHOPA:W6 S7SHOPA:W7 S8SHOPA:W8 S9SHOPA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop Diff-Shop

for for for for for for for for

grocery grocery grocery grocery grocery grocery grocery grocery

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2MEALSA R3MEALSA R4MEALSA R5MEALSA R6MEALSA R7MEALSA R8MEALSA R9MEALSA

R2MEALSA:W2 R3MEALSA:W3 R4MEALSA:W4 R5MEALSA:W5 R6MEALSA:W6 R7MEALSA:W7 R8MEALSA:W8 R9MEALSA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare

hot hot hot hot hot hot hot hot

meal meal meal meal meal meal meal meal

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6

S2MEALSA S3MEALSA S4MEALSA S5MEALSA S6MEALSA

S2MEALSA:W2 S3MEALSA:W3 S4MEALSA:W4 S5MEALSA:W5 S6MEALSA:W6

S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare Diff-Prepare

hot hot hot hot hot

meal meal meal meal meal

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

7 8 9

330

S7MEALSA S8MEALSA S9MEALSA

S7MEALSA:W7 S Some Diff-Prepare hot meal S8MEALSA:W8 S Some Diff-Prepare hot meal S9MEALSA:W9 S Some Diff-Prepare hot meal

Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2MAPA R3MAPA R4MAPA R5MAPA R6MAPA R7MAPA R8MAPA R9MAPA

11302 15422 18519 16789 15759 17533 16258 15094

0.208 0.179 0.127 0.130 0.137 0.128 0.138 0.136

0.406 0.384 0.333 0.336 0.344 0.334 0.345 0.343

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2MAPA S3MAPA S4MAPA S5MAPA S6MAPA S7MAPA S8MAPA S9MAPA

8671 10835 12735 11493 10670 11889 10799 9861

0.188 0.149 0.100 0.101 0.106 0.099 0.104 0.104

0.391 0.356 0.300 0.301 0.308 0.299 0.306 0.305

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2CALCA

11052

0.091

0.287

0.000

1.000

S2CALCA

8477

0.079

0.270

0.000

1.000

R2PHONEA R3PHONEA R4PHONEA R5PHONEA R6PHONEA R7PHONEA R8PHONEA R9PHONEA

19586 17848 21234 19426 18062 20002 18374 17111

0.037 0.052 0.053 0.052 0.058 0.051 0.055 0.057

0.189 0.221 0.223 0.222 0.233 0.220 0.227 0.232

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2PHONEA S3PHONEA S4PHONEA S5PHONEA S6PHONEA S7PHONEA S8PHONEA S9PHONEA

13059 11849 13908 12653 11594 12912 11686 10591

0.031 0.039 0.040 0.036 0.039 0.034 0.038 0.038

0.174 0.193 0.195 0.187 0.193 0.180 0.191 0.191

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2MONEYA R3MONEYA R4MONEYA R5MONEYA R6MONEYA R7MONEYA R8MONEYA R9MONEYA

18864 17413 20730 18931 17574 19373 17758 16573

0.070 0.072 0.069 0.072 0.078 0.072 0.078 0.081

0.256 0.258 0.253 0.259 0.269 0.258 0.268 0.273

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2MONEYA S3MONEYA S4MONEYA S5MONEYA S6MONEYA

12522 11449 13484 12217 11169

0.054 0.045 0.043 0.042 0.045

0.227 0.207 0.203 0.201 0.207

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

331

S7MONEYA S8MONEYA S9MONEYA

12383 11177 10158

0.044 0.046 0.046

0.205 0.209 0.209

0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000

R2MEDSA R3MEDSA R4MEDSA R5MEDSA R6MEDSA R7MEDSA R8MEDSA R9MEDSA

19417 16707 20032 18522 17771 19682 18197 17003

0.038 0.042 0.041 0.043 0.045 0.043 0.048 0.050

0.192 0.200 0.198 0.202 0.208 0.204 0.214 0.218

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2MEDSA S3MEDSA S4MEDSA S5MEDSA S6MEDSA S7MEDSA S8MEDSA S9MEDSA

12968 11065 13114 12039 11413 12732 11584 10541

0.032 0.030 0.029 0.028 0.029 0.028 0.032 0.033

0.177 0.169 0.169 0.165 0.169 0.166 0.176 0.178

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2SHOPA R3SHOPA R4SHOPA R5SHOPA R6SHOPA R7SHOPA R8SHOPA R9SHOPA

7992 17312 20626 18827 17509 19389 17863 16682

0.182 0.109 0.105 0.106 0.111 0.104 0.114 0.111

0.386 0.312 0.306 0.308 0.314 0.305 0.318 0.314

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2SHOPA S3SHOPA S4SHOPA S5SHOPA S6SHOPA S7SHOPA S8SHOPA S9SHOPA

4209 11437 13488 12236 11212 12484 11343 10327

0.130 0.071 0.068 0.070 0.067 0.066 0.075 0.070

0.336 0.256 0.252 0.254 0.250 0.248 0.264 0.256

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2MEALSA R3MEALSA R4MEALSA R5MEALSA R6MEALSA R7MEALSA R8MEALSA R9MEALSA

7785 16981 20244 18466 17117 19063 17612 16449

0.099 0.073 0.072 0.078 0.083 0.075 0.079 0.082

0.298 0.260 0.259 0.267 0.276 0.264 0.270 0.275

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2MEALSA S3MEALSA S4MEALSA S5MEALSA S6MEALSA S7MEALSA S8MEALSA S9MEALSA

4010 11119 13127 11906 10882 12208 11160 10132

0.083 0.047 0.047 0.050 0.049 0.047 0.052 0.049

0.276 0.213 0.212 0.218 0.217 0.211 0.223 0.216

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA |

R2MAPA 18

R3MAPA 8

R4MAPA 18

R5MAPA 14

R6MAPA 18

R7MAPA 10

R8MAPA 15

R9MAPA 14

Section B: Health

.Q=Not asked this wv .R=RF .S=Skip .X=Dont do 0.No 1.Yes

332

| | | | | |

8222 2

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2MAPA 12 4549 2

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2CALCA 19 8222 3 346 10050 1002

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2CALCA 16 4549 3 5970 384 243 7807 670

98 8949 2353

5970 384 54 7037 1634

4 36 2521 12656 2766

6 28 2813 16175 2344

3 24 2749 14614 2175

7 2383 13598 2161

6 10 2570 15287 2246

3 7 2186 14013 2245

3 9 2097 13038 2056

S3MAPA 3

S4MAPA 6

S5MAPA 5

S6MAPA 10

S7MAPA 4

S8MAPA 7

S9MAPA 7

2 11 5658 418 1064 9224 1611

1 7 6869 537 1229 11466 1269

1 5 6538 311 1226 10334 1159

3 6306 220 958 9535 1135

4 1 6777 380 1074 10712 1177

3 1 6417 317 925 9673 1126

1 2 6206 365 775 8835 1026

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2PHONEA R3PHONEA R4PHONEA R5PHONEA R6PHONEA R7PHONEA R8PHONEA R9PHONEA 3 1 4 2 1 4 3 5 1 3 3 3 2 6 2 1 36 28 24 7 10 7 9 49 103 115 125 97 107 83 91 18862 16925 20118 18419 17021 18978 17372 16137 724 923 1116 1007 1041 1024 1002 974

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2PHONEA S3PHONEA S4PHONEA S5PHONEA S6PHONEA S7PHONEA S8PHONEA S9PHONEA 1 1 4 1 3 2 1 4 1 1 11 7 5 3 1 1 2 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 25 53 62 71 44 54 47 48 12653 11389 13355 12192 11143 12477 11243 10189 406 460 553 461 451 435 443 402

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2MONEYA R3MONEYA R4MONEYA R5MONEYA R6MONEYA R7MONEYA R8MONEYA R9MONEYA 5 1 3 4 3 4 3 3 4 1 4 3 4 2 3 8 3 2 36 28 25 7 10 7 9 765 537 619 617 580 734 698 630 17539 16166 19305 17562 16198 17980 16377 15225 1325 1247 1425 1369 1376 1393 1381 1348

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar |

S2MONEYA S3MONEYA S4MONEYA S5MONEYA S6MONEYA S7MONEYA S8MONEYA S9MONEYA 4 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 3 4 2 2 11 7 6 3 1 1 2 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206

Section B: Health

.V=Sp NR .X=Dont do 0.No 1.Yes

333

| | | |

584 557 11841 681

418 452 10938 511

537 486 12906 578

311 504 11700 517

220 464 10669 500

380 583 11840 543

317 554 10666 511

365 483 9692 466

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | .Z=Dont do/No if did | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2MEDSA 4 1 2

R3MEDSA 1

R4MEDSA 6

R5MEDSA 2

R6MEDSA 6

R7MEDSA 6

R8MEDSA 2

R9MEDSA

218

4 36 1243

18674 743

16009 698

4 28 36 1278 19211 821

2 24 24 1005 17733 789

7 7 376 16964 807

4 36 14 387 18829 853

3 7 9 251 17322 875

1 9 9 195 16149 854

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | .Z=Dont do/No if did | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2MEDSA 4 1 2

S3MEDSA

S4MEDSA 3

S5MEDSA

S6MEDSA

S7MEDSA 2

S8MEDSA

S9MEDSA

1 5 6538 311 13 672 11701 338

3 6306 220 3 222 11079 334

2 10 6777 380 9 217 12370 362

2 1 6417 317 6 142 11212 372

1 2 6206 365 5 97 10197 344

5970 584 113

2 11 5658 418 837

12549 419

10738 327

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2SHOPA 1 1 11420

R3SHOPA 2

R4SHOPA

R5SHOPA 2

R6SHOPA 1

R7SHOPA 4

R8SHOPA 1

R9SHOPA 1

3 36 638 15421 1891

6 28 724 18465 2161

2 24 724 16827 2000

7 650 15570 1939

6 45 685 17375 2014

3 7 595 15820 2043

1 9 524 14828 1854

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2SHOPA 1 1 9123

S3SHOPA

S4SHOPA

S5SHOPA

S6SHOPA 1

S7SHOPA 2

S8SHOPA

S9SHOPA 1

2 11 5658 418 465 10630 807

1 7 6869 537 482 12565 923

1 5 6538 311 488 11385 851

3 6306 220 425 10459 753

4 10 6777 380 472 11663 821

2 1 6417 317 389 10487 856

1 2 6206 365 315 9602 725

228 6535 1457

5970 200 138 3662 547

7 6869 537 23 831 12730 384

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2MEALSA R3MEALSA R4MEALSA R5MEALSA R6MEALSA R7MEALSA R8MEALSA R9MEALSA 1 1 3 3 2 2 1 11420 1 3 5 3 5 3 1 36 28 24 7 10 7 9 435 970 1106 1083 1040 1049 847 756 7018 15739 18781 17034 15691 17625 16216 15095 767 1242 1463 1432 1426 1438 1396 1354

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2MEALSA S3MEALSA S4MEALSA S5MEALSA S6MEALSA S7MEALSA S8MEALSA S9MEALSA 2 1 1 9123 2 1 3 2 1 11 7 5 3 1 1 2 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 200 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 338 783 844 818 754 759 572 511 3676 10591 12505 11309 10345 11639 10577 9637 334 528 622 597 537 569 583 495

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334

How Constructed: Each wave has a series of questions about limits on instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), but the specific activities, the question wording, and possible answers vary across waves. These variables recode the raw variables for difficulty with instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) as yes/no dummy variables, where 1 means some difficulty and 0 means not. Some measures described here are not normally used as IADLs but are included with them because they seemed to serve a similar measurement function in Wave 1. The measures described here are using the phone (RwPHONEA), taking medications (RwMEDSA), managing money (RwMONEYA), shopping for groceries (RwSHOPA), preparing meals (RwMEALSA), using a map (RwMAPA), and using a calculator (RwCALCA). In the following, references to Rw[iadl]A apply to all these variables. Respondents are asked about different IADL activities in Waves 1 and 2 than in the rest of the waves. Wave 1 asks about using a map, a calculator, a microwave, and a computer, but not about preparing meals, shopping for groceries, using the phone, taking medications, or managing money, which are activities normally considered IADLs. From Wave 2 forward, the questions about using a microwave or a computer are dropped, but using the phone, taking medications, and managing money are added. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, the questions about using a calculator are not asked, but shopping for groceries and preparing meals are added. Using a map is asked in all waves except Wave 2A. From Wave 3 forward, the set of IADLs is consistent and includes using the phone, taking medications, managing money, shopping for groceries, preparing meals, and using a map. We attempt to make consistent variables across waves. Because of significant differences in question wording in Wave 1, we do not include these variables for this interview year. There are other cross wave differences in the way HRS presented these questions in Wave 2H and 2A and the later waves, that may introduce measurement errors in these variables. For example, in Wave 2H, "don't do" is not presented as an option in the instrument, and there are noticeably fewer "don't do" answers in this wave. Also "can't do" is not allowed as an answer in Wave 2H. In Wave 2A, the questions are based on whether the IADL can be done without help, and not specifically whether the respondent has difficulty with it. In addition there is a slight difference in the question wording for using a map and a difference in the questions for taking any medications between Wave 3 and later waves. The questions and hence the consistency is much better beginning in Wave 4. The variable derivations for some difficulty with IADLs(Rw[iadl]A) vary across waves because the question and responses can vary across waves. In all waves, a don't know or refuse answer to the first question is set to .D or .R, respectively. Generally a 1 indicates some difficulty, 0 indicates no difficulty or can't do, and "don't do" is set to special missing code .X, since the respondent hasn't revealed whether he/she would have difficulty with the activity if he/she ever did it. In Wave 2H, if a respondent answers "yes" to the first question ("Do you have any difficulty with ...") R2[iadl]A is set to 1 for some difficulty, regardless of how much difficulty the respondent says he/she has in the follow-up question. The questions about shopping and preparing meals were not asked in this wave, so R2SHOPA and R2MEALSA are set to .Q for HRS respondents in Wave 2. In Wave 2A, the questions ask if the respondent is able to do an activity without help. If the respondent says s/he doesn’t do the activity then a question asks if this is because of a health problem. Another question about difficulty groups shopping, preparing meals, taking medications, and using the phone together in one question. Because it is impossible to separate answers for specific IADLs, we don't use this question. So if the answer to the first question about doing an activity without help is no, R2[iadl]A is set to 1, for some difficulty, and if the answer is yes, i.e., able to do without help, R2[iadl]A is set to 0, for no difficulty. If the answer is "don’t do" and it is because of a health problem, we set R2[iadl]A to 1 for some difficulty. Otherwise a "don’t do" response is set to .X. For managing money in Wave 2A, "don’t do" is not a possible answer, but those who respond "no" to the first question are asked if it is because of a health problem. In this case, if the respondent is unable to manage money because of a health problem, R2MONEYA is set to 1 for some difficulty. If unable to manage money, but not because of a health problem, R2MONEYA is set to .X for don’t do. If the respondent is able to manage money without help, then R2MONEYA is set to 0 for no difficulty. In Wave 2A, questions about using a map and using a calculator are not asked so R2MAPA and R2CALCA are set to .Q for Ahead respondents in Wave 2.

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From Wave 3 forward for using a map, if a respondent answers "yes" or "can't do" to a question asking if s/he has any difficulty, Rw[iadl]A is set to 1 for some difficulty. If the answer is "no", Rw[iadl]A is set to 0, and if the answer is "don’t do", Rw[iadl]A is set to .X. For taking medications, the questions are different in Wave 3 than for later waves. In Wave 3, if the answer to the first question about any difficulty is no or yes, then R3MEDSA is set to 0 for no difficulty or 1 for some difficulty, respectively. If the answer is "can’t do" and it is because of a health problem, then R3MEDSA is set to 1 for some difficulty. If it isn’t because of a health problem or if the answer to the first question is "don’t take medications", then R3MEDSA is set to .X. From Wave 4 forward, the coding is done in the same way as in Wave 3, except if the respondent says "don’t do" to the first question. In this case, another question asks if s/he thinks s/he would have difficulty if s/he did take medications. If the answer to this question is yes, and it is because of a health problem then RwMEDSA is set to 1 for some difficulty. If the answer to this question is "no", then RwMEDSA is set to .Z, for "don’t do, but wouldn’t have difficulty if did". Otherwise RwMEDSA is set to .X. For other IADLs from Wave 3 forward, if a respondent answers "no" or "yes" to a question asking if s/he has any difficulty, Rw[iadl]A is set to 0 for no difficulty or 1 for some difficulty, respectively. If the answer is "can’t do" or "don’t do" and it is because of a health problem, Rw[iadl]A is set to 1 for some difficulty. Otherwise, Rw[iadl]A is set to .X. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported Wave 'w' data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. Some of the Rw[iadl]A variables are used to construct an IADL summary index. Summary".

Please see "IADL

Another version of these variables simply recodes the raw HRS variables. Please see "Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): Raw recodes" for a description of this version. A third version of these variables is derived for Wave 1 only (R1[iadl]W). They code a yes/no dummy that indicates "any difficulty" in a manner used by Wallace and Herzog in their paper. These are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Please see "IADLs: Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog" for a description of the R1MAPW, R1CALCW, R1MCWVW, and R1COMPW variables. Note that the Wallace and Herzog variables result in more limitation than the 0/1 recodes done in other waves (Rw[iadl]A) solely due to measurement differences in the raw data. The R1[iadl]W variables are not appropriate for comparison to the Rw[iadl]A variables in other waves.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Each wave has a series of questions about limits on instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), but the specific activities, the question wording, and possible answers vary across waves. Some measures described here are not normally used as IADLs but are included with them because they seemed to serve a similar measurement function in Wave 1. The IADL measures described here are using the phone (RwPHONE), taking medications (RwMEDS), managing money (RwMONEY), shopping for groceries (RwSHOP), preparing meals (RwMEALS), using a map (RwMAP), using a calculator (RwCALC), using a microwave (R1MCWV), and using a computer (R1COMP). Respondents are asked about different IADL activities in Waves 1 and 2 than in the rest of the waves. Wave 1 asks about using a map, a calculator, a microwave, and a computer, but not about preparing meals, shopping for groceries, using the phone, taking medications, or managing money, which are activities normally considered IADLs. From Wave 2 forward, the questions about using a microwave or a computer are dropped, but using the phone, taking medications, and managing money are added. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, the questions about using a calculator are not asked, but shopping for groceries and preparing meals are added. Using a map is asked in all waves except Wave 2A. From Wave 3 forward, the set of IADLs is consistent and includes using the phone, taking medications, managing money, shopping for groceries, preparing meals, and using a map. The question wording and answers also varied across waves. The Wave 1 questions ask:

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Here are some other activities that people may have difficulty with. How difficult is it for you to [...]? The respondent can answer not at all difficult, a little difficult, somewhat difficult, very difficult/can't do, or don't do. The answers translate into 4 codes from 1 for not at all difficult to 4 for very difficult/can't do. Another code is used for the "Don't do" response. The specific wording for the IADLs is: use a map to figure out how to get around a strange place, use a microwave oven after reading the instructions, use a calculator to help balance your checkbook, and use a computer or word processor. In Wave 2H the question wording is similar to that in Wave 1 but is asked in 2 parts: 1) Here are some other activities that people may have difficulty with. with ...? Respondent can answer yes or no.

Do you have any difficulty

2) [IF YES] Is that a little difficulty or a lot of difficulty? In the data the answers to the 2-part question are recoded into 5-categories: 1=yes, a little difficult; 2=yes, a lot; 3=yes, DK; 4=yes, RF; 5=No; 6=doesn't do. Note that there is no "Can't do" category and that "Don't do" is not an option in the instrument. The "Doesn't do" category is likely the result of post-interview interpretation of interview comments so are observed less frequently than in other waves, simply because of questionnaire differences. This difference is considerable among the IADLs. The specific wording for the IADLs is: using a map to figure out how to get around a strange place, using a calculator to help balance your checkbook, managing your money, making telephone calls, and following instructions for taking prescription medications. In Wave 2A, the questions are asked differently for managing money and for other IADLs. section is prefaced with the following:

The

Here are a few other daily activities which some people have difficulty with. Please tell me whether you are able to do each activity without help from anyone else. If you don't do the activity at all, just tell me so. Except for managing money, the IADL questions ask: Are you able to .. without help? [IF DON’T DO] Is that because of a health problem? If the respondent reports being able to do any one of these activities without help, a question asks: Without help do you have any difficulty with [list of all applicable IADLs]? [IF YES] is that a little or a lot of difficulty? The specific wording for these activities is: prepare(ing) hot meals, shop(ping) for groceries, make(ing) telephone calls and take(ing) medications. For managing money the Wave 2A questions ask: 1) Do you manage your money-such as paying your bills and keeping track of expenses, without anyone's help? 2) [IF NO] Is that because of a health or memory condition? 3) [IF YES, DK, or RF to Q1, or YES to Q2] Do you have any difficulty managing your money (when someone is helping you/without help)? 4) [IF YES to Q3] Is that a little or a lot of difficulty? From Wave 3 forward, the question wording is again similar to that in Wave 1 but prefaced with additional text. The question asks: Here are a few other activities which some people have difficulty with because of a physical, mental, emotional, or memory problem. Please tell me if you have any difficulty with each activity

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I name. If you don't do the activity at all, just tell me so. Exclude any difficulties you expect to last less than three months. For using a map the question in Wave 3 is: Do you have any difficulty using a map to figure out how to get around in a strange place? From Wave 4 forward, this is prefaced with “Because of a health or memory problem....” Responses may be yes, no, can’t do, or don’t do. For other IADLs, a series of questions may be asked: 1) Because of a health or memory problem do you have any difficulty with ...? The respondent can answer yes, no, "can't do", or "don't do". In Wave 3, for taking medications, the wording for "don't do" is "don't take medications". 2) From Wave 4 forward for taking medications [If DON’T DO to Q1] Do you think you would have any difficulty taking medications if you needed to do so? 3) [If YES, DK, or RF to Q2 for taking medications from Wave 4 forward; CAN’T DO to Q1 for taking medications in Wave 3; or CAN’T DO or DON’T DO to Q1 for all other activities] Is that because of a health or memory problem? The respondent can answer yes or no. In Wave 3A, this question is also asked if the response to Q1 is don’t know or refuse. In Wave 3A and 3H, this question is skipped for a "don't take medications" response. From Wave 4 forward, whether the question is asked depends on the answer to Q2 for taking medications if Q1 had a "don't do" response. 4) [If YES, DK, or RF to Q1 or Q3] Does anyone help you ...? The respondent can answer yes or no. In Wave 3, this question is not asked for managing money when the Q1 response is DK or RF. From Wave 4 forward this question is not asked if R is living in a nursing home. In Wave 7, a mistake in the Spanish instrument allowed "can't do" and "don't do" responses for the help questions, and a few of these responses are given for all of the IADLs except help with medications and money. The specific wording for these activities is: prepare(ing) a hot meal, shop(ping) for groceries, make(ing) phone calls, take(ing) medications, and manage(ing) your money -- such as paying your bills and keeping track of expenses.

HRS Variables Used AHEAD 1993: B903A1 B903A2 B903A3 B903A4 B904A1 B904A2 B904A3 B904A4 B948 B949 HRS 1994: W323 W324 W325 W326 W327 AHEAD 1995: D2012 D2021 D2023 D2026 D2028 D2031 D2033 D2036 D2038 D2099

E52. IADL W/OUT HELP-PREPARE HOT MEAL E52. IADL W/OUT HELP-SHOP FOR GROCERIES E52. IADL W/OUT HELP-MAKE PHONE CALLS E52. IADL W/OUT HELP-TAKE MEDICATIONS E52a. IADL WHY DONT-PREPARE HOT MEALS E52a. IADL WHY DONT-SHOP FOR GROCERIES E52a. IADL WHY DONT-MAKE PHONE CALLS E52a. IADL WHY DONT-TAKE MEDICATIONS E57. IADL MONEY E57a. MONEY WHY CANT B5.USING A MAP B5a.USING A CALCULATOR B5b.MANAGING MONEY B5c.MAKING TELEPHONE CAL B5d.TAKING PRESCRIPTION E93.MAPS E95.IADL MEALS DIFF E95B.MEALS -WHY DONT E96.IADL GROC DIFF E96B.GROC -WHY DONT E97.IADLS PHONE DIFF E97B.PHONE -WHY DONT E98.IADLS MEDICATION DIFF E98B.MED-WHY DONT E106.IADL MONEY DIFF

Section B: Health

D2100 HRS 1996: E2027 E2036 E2038 E2041 E2043 E2046 E2048 E2051 E2053 E2093 E2094 HRS 1998: F2553 F2562 F2564 F2567 F2569 F2572 F2574 F2577 F2578 F2579 F2618 F2619 HRS 2000: G2851 G2860 G2862 G2865 G2867 G2870 G2872 G2875 G2876 G2877 G2916 G2917 HRS 2002: HG040 HG041 HG042 HG044 HG045 HG047 HG048 HG050 HG051 HG052 HG059 HG060 HRS 2004: JG040 JG041 JG042 JG044 JG045 JG047 JG048 JG050 JG051 JG052

E106A.MONEY HEALTH PROBLEM E93.MAPS E95.IADL MEALS DIFF E95B.MEALS -WHY DONT E96.IADL GROC DIFF E96B.GROC -WHY DONT E97.IADLS PHONE DIFF E97B.PHONE -WHY DONT E98.IADLS MEDICATION DIFF E98B.MED-WHY DONT E106.IADL MONEY DIFF E106A.MONEY HEALTH PROBLEM E93.MAPS E95.IADL MEALS DIFF E95B.MEALS -WHY DONT E96.IADL GROC DIFF E96B.GROC -WHY DONT E97.IADLS PHONE DIFF E97B.PHONE -WHY DONT E98.IADLS MEDICATION DIFF E98A E98B.MED-WHY DONT E106.IADL MONEY DIFF E106A.MONEY HEALTH PROBLEM E93.MAPS E95.IADL MEALS DIFF E95B.MEALS -WHY DONT E96.IADL GROC DIFF E96B.GROC -WHY DONT E97.IADLS PHONE DIFF E97B.PHONE -WHY DONT E98.IADLS MEDICATION DIFF E98A.IADLS MED IF NEEDED DIFF E98B.MED-WHY DONT E106.IADL MONEY DIFF E106A.MONEY HEALTH PROBLEM DIFFICULTY- USING MAPS IADL MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY WHY- MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY IADL GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY WHY- GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY IADL MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY WHY- MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDICATION DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDS IF NEEDED DIFFICULTY WHY- TAKING MEDICATIONS DIFFICULTY IADL MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY WHY- MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY DIFFICULTY- USING MAPS IADL MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY WHY- MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY IADL GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY WHY- GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY IADL MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY WHY- MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDICATION DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDS IF NEEDED DIFFICULTY WHY- TAKING MEDICATIONS DIFFICULTY

338

Section B: Health

JG059 JG060 HRS 2006: KG040 KG041 KG042 KG044 KG045 KG047 KG048 KG050 KG051 KG052 KG059 KG060 HRS 2008: LG040 LG041 LG042 LG044 LG045 LG047 LG048 LG050 LG051 LG052 LG059 LG060

IADL MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY WHY- MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY DIFFICULTY- USING MAPS IADL MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY WHY- MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY IADL GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY WHY- GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY IADL MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY WHY- MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDICATION DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDS IF NEEDED DIFFICULTY WHY- TAKING MEDICATIONS DIFFICULTY IADL MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY WHY- MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY DIFFICULTY- USING MAPS IADL MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY WHY- MEAL PREPARATION DIFFICULTY IADL GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY WHY- GROC SHOP DIFFICULTY IADL MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY WHY- MAKING PHONE CALLS DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDICATION DIFFICULTY IADL TAKING MEDS IF NEEDED DIFFICULTY WHY- TAKING MEDICATIONS DIFFICULTY IADL MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY WHY- MANAGING MONEY DIFFICULTY

339

Section B: Health

340

Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs): Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

R1MAPW

R1MAPW:W1 R Any Diff-Use a map

Categ

1

S1MAPW

S1MAPW:W1 S Any Diff-Use a map

Categ

1

R1CALCW

R1CALCW:W1 R Any Diff-Use a calculator

Categ

1

S1CALCW

S1CALCW:W1 S Any Diff-Use a calculator

Categ

1

R1MCWVW

R1MCWVW:W1 R Any Diff-Use a microwave

Categ

1

S1MCWVW

S1MCWVW:W1 S Any Diff-Use a microwave

Categ

1

R1COMPW

R1COMPW:W1 R Any Diff-Use a computer

Categ

1

S1COMPW

S1COMPW:W1 S Any Diff-Use a computer

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1MAPW

12188

0.325

0.468

0.000

1.000

S1MAPW

9620

0.309

0.462

0.000

1.000

R1CALCW

11254

0.113

0.317

0.000

1.000

S1CALCW

8923

0.106

0.308

0.000

1.000

R1MCWVW

12095

0.107

0.310

0.000

1.000

S1MCWVW

9562

0.105

0.306

0.000

1.000

R1COMPW

7334

0.447

0.497

0.000

1.000

S1COMPW

5821

0.447

0.497

0.000

1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R1MAPW 464 8225 3963

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S1MAPW 2373 379 280 6644 2976

Value-------------------------| R1CALCW .X=Dont do | 1398 0.No | 9979 1.Yes | 1275 Value-------------------------| S1CALCW

Section B: Health

.U=Unmar .V=Sp NR .X=Dont do 0.No 1.Yes

341

| | | | |

2373 379 977 7973 950

Value-------------------------| R1MCWVW .X=Dont do | 557 0.No | 10797 1.Yes | 1298 Value-------------------------| S1MCWVW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 338 0.No | 8560 1.Yes | 1002 Value-------------------------| R1COMPW .X=Dont do | 5318 0.No | 4059 1.Yes | 3275 Value-------------------------| S1COMPW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 4079 0.No | 3218 1.Yes | 2603

How Constructed: These IADL variables are derived for Wave 1 only. They code a yes/no dummy that indicates "any difficulty" in a manner used by Wallace and Herzog in their paper (Wallace and Herzog, 1995). These variables are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Wallace and Herzog recode the IADL variables to 1 for "any difficulty" if the respondent answered "a little difficult", "somewhat difficult" or "very difficult/can't do". A response of "not difficult at all" is recoded to zero. This recoding scheme is applied for these variables to attempt to replicate the results reported in their paper. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported Wave 1 data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. There are several other versions of these variables. One version simply recodes the raw HRS variables. Please see the descriptions of these (RwMAP, RwCALC, R1MCWV, R1COMP) under "Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): Raw recodes". Another version recodes a yes/no dummy variable in waves other than Wave 1, but these are not comparable with the Wallace and Herzog recodes. Please see the descriptions of these (RwMAPA, RwCALCA, R1MCWVA, R1COMPA) under "Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): Some difficulty". Some of the Wallace and Herzog indices are also derived and include some of these measures in creating functional limitation indices, including an IADL summary index for Wave 1. Please see "IADL Summary".

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Each wave has a series of questions about limits on instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), but the specific activities, the question wording, and possible answers vary across waves. Wave 1 asks about using a map, a calculator, a microwave, and a computer, but not about preparing meals, shopping for groceries, using the phone, taking medications, or managing money. From Wave 2 forward, the questions about using a microwave or a computer are dropped, but using the phone,

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342

taking medications, and managing money are added. From Wave 2A and Wave 3 forward, the questions about using a calculator are no longer asked, but using shopping for groceries and preparing meals are added. Please note that only using a map is consistently asked in all waves, except Wave 2A. The question wording and answers also varied across waves. The Wave 1 questions ask: Here are some other activities that people may have difficulty with. How ldifficult is it for you to [...]? The respondent can answer not at all difficult, a little difficult, somewhat difficult, very difficult/can't do, or don't do. The answers translate into 4 codes from 1 for not at all difficult to 4 for very difficult/can't do. Another code is used for the "Don't do" response. The wording The wording wording for wording for

for for the the

the map activity is "use a map to figure out how to get around a strange place". the calculator activity is "use a calculator to help balance your checkbook". The microwave activity is "use a microwave oven after reading the instructions". The computer activity is "use a computer or wordprocessor".

In subsequent waves, there is a question that simply asks if the respondent has any difficulty with a particular activity. The question wording and possible answers are sufficiently different that the levels of Wave 1 codes cannot be derived from the data.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V321 V322 V323 V324

B5A:USE B5B:USE B5C:USE B5D:USE

MAP, STRNG P:IMP MCRWV W/ INS:IMP CALCULATOR :IMP COMPUTER :IMP

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343

Other Functional Limitations: Raw recodes Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1WALKS R2WALKS R3WALKS R4WALKS R5WALKS R6WALKS R7WALKS R8WALKS R9WALKS

R1WALKS:W1 R2WALKS:W2 R3WALKS:W3 R4WALKS:W4 R5WALKS:W5 R6WALKS:W6 R7WALKS:W7 R8WALKS:W8 R9WALKS:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1WALKS S2WALKS S3WALKS S4WALKS S5WALKS S6WALKS S7WALKS S8WALKS S9WALKS

S1WALKS:W1 S2WALKS:W2 S3WALKS:W3 S4WALKS:W4 S5WALKS:W5 S6WALKS:W6 S7WALKS:W7 S8WALKS:W8 S9WALKS:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1WALK1 R2WALK1 R3WALK1 R4WALK1 R5WALK1 R6WALK1 R7WALK1 R8WALK1 R9WALK1

R1WALK1:W1 R2WALK1:W2 R3WALK1:W3 R4WALK1:W4 R5WALK1:W5 R6WALK1:W6 R7WALK1:W7 R8WALK1:W8 R9WALK1:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

one one one one one one one one one

block block block block block block block block block

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1WALK1 S2WALK1 S3WALK1 S4WALK1 S5WALK1 S6WALK1 S7WALK1 S8WALK1 S9WALK1

S1WALK1:W1 S2WALK1:W2 S3WALK1:W3 S4WALK1:W4 S5WALK1:W5 S6WALK1:W6 S7WALK1:W7 S8WALK1:W8 S9WALK1:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

one one one one one one one one one

block block block block block block block block block

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1SIT R2SIT R3SIT R4SIT R5SIT R6SIT R7SIT R8SIT R9SIT

R1SIT:W1 R2SIT:W2 R3SIT:W3 R4SIT:W4 R5SIT:W5 R6SIT:W6 R7SIT:W7 R8SIT:W8 R9SIT:W9

Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit

hours hours hours hours hours hours hours hours hours

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

S1SIT

S1SIT:W1 S Diff-Sit for 2 hours

Categ

R R R R R R R R R

for for for for for for for for for

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Section B: Health

344

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2SIT S3SIT S4SIT S5SIT S6SIT S7SIT S8SIT S9SIT

S2SIT:W2 S3SIT:W3 S4SIT:W4 S5SIT:W5 S6SIT:W6 S7SIT:W7 S8SIT:W8 S9SIT:W9

S S S S S S S S

Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit

for for for for for for for for

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

hours hours hours hours hours hours hours hours

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1CHAIR R2CHAIR R3CHAIR R4CHAIR R5CHAIR R6CHAIR R7CHAIR R8CHAIR R9CHAIR

R1CHAIR:W1 R2CHAIR:W2 R3CHAIR:W3 R4CHAIR:W4 R5CHAIR:W5 R6CHAIR:W6 R7CHAIR:W7 R8CHAIR:W8 R9CHAIR:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get

up up up up up up up up up

fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr

chair chair chair chair chair chair chair chair chair

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CHAIR S2CHAIR S3CHAIR S4CHAIR S5CHAIR S6CHAIR S7CHAIR S8CHAIR S9CHAIR

S1CHAIR:W1 S2CHAIR:W2 S3CHAIR:W3 S4CHAIR:W4 S5CHAIR:W5 S6CHAIR:W6 S7CHAIR:W7 S8CHAIR:W8 S9CHAIR:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get

up up up up up up up up up

fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr

chair chair chair chair chair chair chair chair chair

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1CLIMS R2CLIMS R3CLIMS R4CLIMS R5CLIMS R6CLIMS R7CLIMS R8CLIMS R9CLIMS

R1CLIMS:W1 R2CLIMS:W2 R3CLIMS:W3 R4CLIMS:W4 R5CLIMS:W5 R6CLIMS:W6 R7CLIMS:W7 R8CLIMS:W8 R9CLIMS:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb

sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev

flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt

stair stair stair stair stair stair stair stair stair

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CLIMS S2CLIMS S3CLIMS S4CLIMS S5CLIMS S6CLIMS S7CLIMS S8CLIMS S9CLIMS

S1CLIMS:W1 S2CLIMS:W2 S3CLIMS:W3 S4CLIMS:W4 S5CLIMS:W5 S6CLIMS:W6 S7CLIMS:W7 S8CLIMS:W8 S9CLIMS:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb

sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev

flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt

stair stair stair stair stair stair stair stair stair

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R1CLIM1 R2CLIM1 R3CLIM1 R4CLIM1 R5CLIM1 R6CLIM1 R7CLIM1 R8CLIM1

R1CLIM1:W1 R2CLIM1:W2 R3CLIM1:W3 R4CLIM1:W4 R5CLIM1:W5 R6CLIM1:W6 R7CLIM1:W7 R8CLIM1:W8

R R R R R R R R

Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb

one one one one one one one one

flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt

stair stair stair stair stair stair stair stair

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

345

9

R9CLIM1

R9CLIM1:W9 R Diff-Climb one flt stair

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CLIM1 S2CLIM1 S3CLIM1 S4CLIM1 S5CLIM1 S6CLIM1 S7CLIM1 S8CLIM1 S9CLIM1

S1CLIM1:W1 S2CLIM1:W2 S3CLIM1:W3 S4CLIM1:W4 S5CLIM1:W5 S6CLIM1:W6 S7CLIM1:W7 S8CLIM1:W8 S9CLIM1:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb Diff-Climb

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1STOOP R2STOOP R3STOOP R4STOOP R5STOOP R6STOOP R7STOOP R8STOOP R9STOOP

R1STOOP:W1 R2STOOP:W2 R3STOOP:W3 R4STOOP:W4 R5STOOP:W5 R6STOOP:W6 R7STOOP:W7 R8STOOP:W8 R9STOOP:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1STOOP S2STOOP S3STOOP S4STOOP S5STOOP S6STOOP S7STOOP S8STOOP S9STOOP

S1STOOP:W1 S2STOOP:W2 S3STOOP:W3 S4STOOP:W4 S5STOOP:W5 S6STOOP:W6 S7STOOP:W7 S8STOOP:W8 S9STOOP:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LIFT R2LIFT R3LIFT R4LIFT R5LIFT R6LIFT R7LIFT R8LIFT R9LIFT

R1LIFT:W1 R2LIFT:W2 R3LIFT:W3 R4LIFT:W4 R5LIFT:W5 R6LIFT:W6 R7LIFT:W7 R8LIFT:W8 R9LIFT:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry

10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LIFT S2LIFT S3LIFT S4LIFT S5LIFT S6LIFT S7LIFT S8LIFT S9LIFT

S1LIFT:W1 S2LIFT:W2 S3LIFT:W3 S4LIFT:W4 S5LIFT:W5 S6LIFT:W6 S7LIFT:W7 S8LIFT:W8 S9LIFT:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry

10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5

R1DIME R2DIME R3DIME R4DIME R5DIME

R1DIME:W1 R2DIME:W2 R3DIME:W3 R4DIME:W4 R5DIME:W5

R R R R R

Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick

one one one one one one one one one

up up up up up

a a a a a

flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt

dime dime dime dime dime

stair stair stair stair stair stair stair stair stair

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

346

6 7 8 9

R6DIME R7DIME R8DIME R9DIME

R6DIME:W6 R7DIME:W7 R8DIME:W8 R9DIME:W9

R R R R

Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick

up up up up

a a a a

dime dime dime dime

Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIME S2DIME S3DIME S4DIME S5DIME S6DIME S7DIME S8DIME S9DIME

S1DIME:W1 S2DIME:W2 S3DIME:W3 S4DIME:W4 S5DIME:W5 S6DIME:W6 S7DIME:W7 S8DIME:W8 S9DIME:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick

up up up up up up up up up

a a a a a a a a a

dime dime dime dime dime dime dime dime dime

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1ARMS R2ARMS R3ARMS R4ARMS R5ARMS R6ARMS R7ARMS R8ARMS R9ARMS

R1ARMS:W1 R2ARMS:W2 R3ARMS:W3 R4ARMS:W4 R5ARMS:W5 R6ARMS:W6 R7ARMS:W7 R8ARMS:W8 R9ARMS:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd

arms arms arms arms arms arms arms arms arms

up up up up up up up up up

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1ARMS S2ARMS S3ARMS S4ARMS S5ARMS S6ARMS S7ARMS S8ARMS S9ARMS

S1ARMS:W1 S2ARMS:W2 S3ARMS:W3 S4ARMS:W4 S5ARMS:W5 S6ARMS:W6 S7ARMS:W7 S8ARMS:W8 S9ARMS:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd Diff-Reach/extnd

arms arms arms arms arms arms arms arms arms

up up up up up up up up up

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1PUSH R2PUSH R3PUSH R4PUSH R5PUSH R6PUSH R7PUSH R8PUSH R9PUSH

R1PUSH:W1 R2PUSH:W2 R3PUSH:W3 R4PUSH:W4 R5PUSH:W5 R6PUSH:W6 R7PUSH:W7 R8PUSH:W8 R9PUSH:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull

large large large large large large large large large

obj obj obj obj obj obj obj obj obj

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1PUSH S2PUSH S3PUSH S4PUSH S5PUSH S6PUSH S7PUSH S8PUSH S9PUSH

S1PUSH:W1 S2PUSH:W2 S3PUSH:W3 S4PUSH:W4 S5PUSH:W5 S6PUSH:W6 S7PUSH:W7 S8PUSH:W8 S9PUSH:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull

large large large large large large large large large

obj obj obj obj obj obj obj obj obj

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics

Section B: Health

Variable

347

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1WALKS R2WALKS R3WALKS R4WALKS R5WALKS R6WALKS R7WALKS R8WALKS R9WALKS

12652 18928 17949 21351 19549 18157 20111 18455 17202

1.554 0.568 0.569 0.515 0.562 0.571 0.558 0.507 0.518

1.257 1.320 1.564 1.422 1.517 1.464 1.480 1.270 1.286

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1WALKS S2WALKS S3WALKS S4WALKS S5WALKS S6WALKS S7WALKS S8WALKS S9WALKS

9900 12693 11902 13971 12722 11636 12966 11731 10642

1.502 0.411 0.418 0.384 0.418 0.413 0.405 0.372 0.375

1.178 1.067 1.307 1.198 1.272 1.176 1.214 1.022 1.039

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1WALK1 R2WALK1 R3WALK1 R4WALK1 R5WALK1 R6WALK1 R7WALK1 R8WALK1 R9WALK1

12652 11071 17949 21350 19549 18154 20114 18455 17203

1.227 0.108 0.261 0.237 0.271 0.276 0.279 0.268 0.269

0.824 0.424 1.047 0.930 1.035 0.993 1.061 0.952 0.930

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 4.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1WALK1 S2WALK1 S3WALK1 S4WALK1 S5WALK1 S6WALK1 S7WALK1 S8WALK1 S9WALK1

9900 8472 11903 13969 12723 11637 12970 11731 10642

1.196 0.090 0.169 0.156 0.183 0.187 0.182 0.176 0.177

0.756 0.388 0.792 0.706 0.813 0.782 0.819 0.707 0.710

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 4.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1SIT R2SIT R3SIT R4SIT R5SIT R6SIT R7SIT R8SIT R9SIT

12652 11407 17950 21347 19546 18153 20106 18451 17203

1.534 0.287 0.276 0.274 0.275 0.287 0.260 0.256 0.254

1.031 0.683 0.951 0.955 0.952 0.948 0.843 0.797 0.810

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1SIT S2SIT S3SIT S4SIT S5SIT S6SIT S7SIT S8SIT S9SIT

9900 8726 11903 13970 12722 11637 12964 11727 10643

1.515 0.266 0.261 0.255 0.246 0.268 0.242 0.229 0.227

1.005 0.655 0.913 0.913 0.877 0.916 0.797 0.719 0.748

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1CHAIR

12652

1.542

0.884

1.000

9.000

Section B: Health

348

R2CHAIR R3CHAIR R4CHAIR R5CHAIR R6CHAIR R7CHAIR R8CHAIR R9CHAIR

11412 17948 21352 19547 18151 20105 18452 17203

0.409 0.395 0.393 0.407 0.433 0.417 0.443 0.443

0.660 0.673 0.648 0.664 0.630 0.645 0.630 0.655

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1CHAIR S2CHAIR S3CHAIR S4CHAIR S5CHAIR S6CHAIR S7CHAIR S8CHAIR S9CHAIR

9900 8732 11901 13970 12721 11634 12964 11726 10641

1.513 0.381 0.356 0.353 0.363 0.392 0.381 0.397 0.395

0.849 0.640 0.637 0.606 0.599 0.584 0.611 0.579 0.606

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1CLIMS R2CLIMS R3CLIMS R4CLIMS R5CLIMS R6CLIMS R7CLIMS R8CLIMS R9CLIMS

12652 11385 17944 21333 19531 18143 20075 18423 17186

2.048 0.561 1.520 1.455 1.470 1.478 1.312 1.154 1.213

1.521 1.061 2.829 2.761 2.764 2.719 2.537 2.257 2.355

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1CLIMS S2CLIMS S3CLIMS S4CLIMS S5CLIMS S6CLIMS S7CLIMS S8CLIMS S9CLIMS

9900 8717 11898 13960 12712 11630 12946 11715 10635

1.967 0.512 1.264 1.205 1.216 1.201 1.043 0.910 0.966

1.445 1.018 2.609 2.535 2.531 2.462 2.251 1.970 2.085

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1CLIM1 R2CLIM1 R3CLIM1 R4CLIM1 R5CLIM1 R6CLIM1 R7CLIM1 R8CLIM1 R9CLIM1

12652 19257 17946 21344 19540 18149 20094 18446 17198

1.367 0.472 0.575 0.539 0.582 0.539 0.520 0.464 0.487

0.985 1.377 1.820 1.740 1.812 1.691 1.652 1.472 1.538

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1CLIM1 S2CLIM1 S3CLIM1 S4CLIM1 S5CLIM1 S6CLIM1 S7CLIM1 S8CLIM1 S9CLIM1

9900 12921 11899 13966 12717 11634 12962 11725 10639

1.319 0.297 0.397 0.365 0.390 0.350 0.340 0.311 0.300

0.902 1.006 1.503 1.404 1.461 1.333 1.301 1.171 1.153

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1STOOP R2STOOP R3STOOP R4STOOP

12652 11415 17945 21347

1.781 0.506 0.584 0.596

1.152 0.766 1.207 1.243

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section B: Health

349

R5STOOP R6STOOP R7STOOP R8STOOP R9STOOP

19547 18149 20098 18448 17200

0.619 0.646 0.661 0.640 0.651

1.272 1.227 1.311 1.137 1.174

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1STOOP S2STOOP S3STOOP S4STOOP S5STOOP S6STOOP S7STOOP S8STOOP S9STOOP

9900 8735 11900 13967 12722 11635 12964 11729 10641

1.726 0.468 0.491 0.511 0.521 0.537 0.553 0.541 0.545

1.090 0.742 1.034 1.118 1.089 1.014 1.132 0.959 0.975

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1LIFT R2LIFT R3LIFT R4LIFT R5LIFT R6LIFT R7LIFT R8LIFT R9LIFT

12652 19149 17949 21344 19544 18153 20103 18453 17200

1.529 0.567 0.735 0.672 0.671 0.650 0.608 0.546 0.557

1.171 1.407 2.023 1.902 1.908 1.848 1.767 1.587 1.603

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1LIFT S2LIFT S3LIFT S4LIFT S5LIFT S6LIFT S7LIFT S8LIFT S9LIFT

9900 12881 11902 13968 12721 11636 12967 11732 10642

1.464 0.398 0.513 0.473 0.441 0.419 0.403 0.357 0.357

1.090 1.111 1.673 1.580 1.505 1.453 1.403 1.232 1.235

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1DIME R2DIME R3DIME R4DIME R5DIME R6DIME R7DIME R8DIME R9DIME

12652 19576 17948 21337 19535 18142 20087 18439 17187

1.106 0.094 0.099 0.099 0.104 0.100 0.097 0.098 0.102

0.473 0.467 0.507 0.536 0.548 0.514 0.515 0.448 0.473

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1DIME S2DIME S3DIME S4DIME S5DIME S6DIME S7DIME S8DIME S9DIME

9900 13056 11902 13965 12719 11632 12961 11728 10640

1.092 0.070 0.081 0.075 0.079 0.072 0.071 0.072 0.072

0.440 0.375 0.470 0.460 0.464 0.416 0.434 0.341 0.365

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1ARMS R2ARMS R3ARMS R4ARMS R5ARMS R6ARMS R7ARMS

12652 11411 17949 21343 19538 18147 20100

1.204 0.175 0.226 0.215 0.208 0.217 0.210

0.652 0.493 0.776 0.746 0.707 0.716 0.702

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 4.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section B: Health

350

R8ARMS R9ARMS

18449 17199

0.216 0.207

0.690 0.641

0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000

S1ARMS S2ARMS S3ARMS S4ARMS S5ARMS S6ARMS S7ARMS S8ARMS S9ARMS

9900 8735 11901 13966 12716 11635 12964 11729 10641

1.179 0.151 0.186 0.170 0.166 0.174 0.169 0.169 0.166

0.606 0.458 0.684 0.622 0.595 0.609 0.594 0.557 0.575

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 4.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1PUSH R2PUSH R3PUSH R4PUSH R5PUSH R6PUSH R7PUSH R8PUSH R9PUSH

12652 19220 17947 21345 19541 18152 20098 18445 17198

1.549 0.725 1.061 0.980 0.969 0.946 0.828 0.739 0.750

1.221 1.692 2.505 2.401 2.392 2.327 2.149 1.936 1.981

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1PUSH S2PUSH S3PUSH S4PUSH S5PUSH S6PUSH S7PUSH S8PUSH S9PUSH

9900 12911 11902 13967 12720 11632 12961 11727 10639

1.486 0.520 0.810 0.751 0.698 0.671 0.591 0.521 0.494

1.137 1.369 2.201 2.113 2.021 1.965 1.801 1.592 1.558

1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3WALKS 4 1 2 35 12593 4215 609 532

R4WALKS 3

R5WALKS 4

R6WALKS 3

R7WALKS 5

R8WALKS 4

R9WALKS 7

5 25 15073 5103 668 507

3 23 13471 4964 572 542

7 12072 5030 593 462

4 9 13706 5280 599 526

3 7 12268 5376 475 336

1 7 11330 5100 449 323

S3WALKS

S4WALKS

S5WALKS

S6WALKS

S7WALKS

S8WALKS

S9WALKS

Value-------------------------| R1WALKS 1.Not at all diff | 9441 2.A little diff | 1320 3.Somewhat diff | 886 4.Very diff/cant do | 824 9. Dont do | 181 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 5.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------|

R2WALKS 340 373 1 14211 1600 2079 498 2 338 200

Section B: Health

.D=DK/NA .M=Oth missing .R=RF .S=Skip .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.No 1.Yes 2.Cant do 9. Dont do

351

| | | | | | | | | |

1 1 1 10 5658 418 9058 2357 252 235

2

2

3

1

3

1 6 6869 537 10682 2789 275 225

1 5 6538 311 9515 2752 218 237

2 1 6777 380 9662 2866 222 216

2 1 6417 317 8567 2854 183 127

1

3 6306 220 8478 2758 222 178

6206 365 7756 2624 141 121

R3WALK1 4 1 2 35 15368 1969 398 214

R4WALK1 4

R5WALK1 4

R6WALK1 6

R7WALK1 3

R8WALK1 4

R9WALK1 5

5 25 18287 2401 472 190

3 23 16477 2433 413 226

7 15043 2517 407 187

3 9 16875 2588 404 247

3 7 15257 2659 367 172

1 8 14119 2593 341 150

S3WALK1 1 1 10 5658 418 10658 1008 161 76

S4WALK1 2 1 6 6869 537 12499 1217 187 66

S5WALK1 1 1 5 6538 311 11245 1235 157 86

S7WALK1

S8WALK1 1 2 1 6417 317 10237 1305 135 54

S9WALK1 2 1 1 6206 365 9269 1214 109 50

Value-------------------------| S1WALKS .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.Not at all diff | 7551 2.A little diff | 1004 3.Somewhat diff | 640 4.Very diff/cant do | 590 9. Dont do | 115 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 5.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S2WALKS 260 134 1 5970 584 10170 916 1193 220 1 120 73

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| R1WALK1 1.Not at all diff | 11271 2.A little diff | 605 3.Somewhat diff | 396 4.Very diff/cant do | 314 9. Dont do | 66 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 4.Yes,RF how much | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R2WALK1 347 8222 2 10332 294 441 4 S6WALK1 1 3 6306 220 10168 1250 149 70

1 1 6777 380 11470 1270 140 90

Section B: Health

352

Value-------------------------| S1WALK1 .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.Not at all diff | 8949 2.A little diff | 420 3.Somewhat diff | 273 4.Very diff/cant do | 218 9. Dont do | 40 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 4.Yes,RF how much |

S2WALK1 265 4549 2 5970 384 7987 210 272 3

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

R5SIT 7 3 23 15790 3468 99 189

R6SIT 7

S3SIT 1 1 10 5658 418 9700 2032 67 104

S4SIT

S5SIT 2 1 5 6538 311 10457 2120 43 102

S6SIT 1

7 14406 3499 75 173

R7SIT 7 6 10 16112 3756 96 142

R8SIT 8 3 7 14718 3517 105 111

R9SIT 5 1 8 13786 3224 84 109

S7SIT 4 3 1 6777 380 10519 2313 52 80

S8SIT 5 2 1 6417 317 9527 2092 54 54

S9SIT 1 1 1 6206 365 8704 1856 27 56

R2SIT 12 8222 1 9166 1324 895 4 2 16

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF |

R4SIT 6 5 26 17275 3751 113 208

R1SIT 8943 1763 1169 711 66

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3SIT 4 2 35 14486 3169 123 172

S1SIT 2373 379 7049 1396 901 506 48 S2SIT 12 4549 1

1 7 6869 537 11450 2335 62 123

3 6306 220 9373 2133 28 103

Section B: Health

.U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.No 1.Yes,a little 2.Yes,a lot 3.Yes,DK/NA how much 4.Yes,RF how much 9. Dont do

353

| | | | | | | |

5970 384 7110 999 601 3 2 11

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3CHAIR 4 1 3 35 11414 6327 158 49

R4CHAIR 1

R5CHAIR 6

R6CHAIR 9

R7CHAIR 9

R8CHAIR 7

R9CHAIR 4

5 26 13524 7602 177 49

3 23 12143 7201 153 50

7 10716 7247 154 34

5 10 12243 7657 161 44

3 7 10707 7547 164 34

2 8 10043 6987 133 40

S3CHAIR 1 1 2 10 5658 418 7954 3844 76 27

S4CHAIR

S5CHAIR 3

S6CHAIR 4

S7CHAIR 4

S8CHAIR 6

S9CHAIR 2

1 7 6869 537 9309 4563 73 25

1 5 6538 311 8321 4323 56 21

3 6306 220 7255 4308 56 15

3 1 6777 380 8269 4608 64 23

2 1 6417 317 7240 4412 60 14

2 1 6206 365 6622 3964 37 18

Value-------------------------| R1CHAIR 1.Not at all diff | 8152 2.A little diff | 2768 3.Somewhat diff | 1234 4.Very diff/cant do | 472 9. Dont do | 26 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

R2CHAIR 7 8222 1 7742 2704 953 4 6 3

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| S1CHAIR .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.Not at all diff | 6476 2.A little diff | 2188 3.Somewhat diff | 902 4.Very diff/cant do | 317 9. Dont do | 17 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

S2CHAIR 6 4549 1 5970 384 6060 2045 618 2 4 3

Section B: Health

354

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3CLIMS 9 3 35 9101 5540 1143 2160

R4CLIMS 19 6 26 10957 6654 1303 2419

R5CLIMS 22 3 23 9791 6370 1142 2228

R6CLIMS 17

S3CLIMS 5 2 10 5658 418 6697 3525 510 1166

S4CLIMS 10 1 7 6869 537 7957 4122 604 1277

S5CLIMS 12 1 5 6538 311 7081 3948 520 1163

S6CLIMS 8

R3CLIM1 6 4 35 14272 2248 680 746

R4CLIM1 8 6 26 17032 2727 783 802

R5CLIM1 13 3 23 15323 2704 708 805

R6CLIM1 11

7 8526 6485 1123 2009

R7CLIMS 39 5 10 9966 7007 1227 1875

R8CLIMS 34 5 7 8808 7195 1102 1318

R9CLIMS 22 1 8 8177 6684 967 1358

S7CLIMS 22 3 1 6777 380 7230 4263 549 904

S8CLIMS 16 3 1 6417 317 6360 4286 464 605

S9CLIMS 9 1 1 6206 365 5744 3900 364 627

R7CLIM1 20 5 10 15756 2917 750 671

R8CLIM1 14 2 7 14350 2937 687 472

R9CLIM1 10 1 8 13348 2747 615 488

Value-------------------------| R1CLIMS 1.Not at all diff | 6369 2.A little diff | 2793 3.Somewhat diff | 1506 4.Very diff/cant do | 1684 9. Dont do | 300 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

R2CLIMS 34 8222 1 7507 1991 1795 2 1 89

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

3 6306 220 6191 3936 499 1004

Value-------------------------| S1CLIMS .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.Not at all diff | 5188 2.A little diff | 2193 3.Somewhat diff | 1169 4.Very diff/cant do | 1152 9. Dont do | 198 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| R1CLIM1 1.Not at all diff | 10323 2.A little diff | 1066

S2CLIMS 21 4549 1 5970 384 5965 1466 1224 1 61

7 14163 2657 690 639

Section B: Health

3.Somewhat diff 4.Very diff/cant do 9. Dont do

355

| | |

649 527 87

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 5.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R2CLIM1 94 290 1 15709 1348 1155 493 256 296

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S3CLIM1 3 3 10 5658 418 10066 1226 281 326

S4CLIM1 4 1 7 6869 537 11833 1471 334 328

S5CLIM1 7 1 5 6538 311 10653 1455 282 327

S6CLIM1 4

R3STOOP 7 4 35 10503 6358 804 280

R4STOOP 5 6 26 12436 7618 932 361

R5STOOP 5 4 23 11054 7372 767 354

R6STOOP 11

3 6306 220 9760 1375 256 243

S7CLIM1 6 3 1 6777 380 10894 1520 292 256

S8CLIM1 7 2 1 6417 317 9788 1491 265 181

S9CLIM1 5 1 1 6206 365 8922 1364 193 160

R7STOOP 16 5 10 10836 7989 880 393

R8STOOP 11 3 7 9439 7962 797 250

R9STOOP 8 1 8 8713 7577 653 257

Value-------------------------| S1CLIM1 .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.Not at all diff | 8259 2.A little diff | 784 3.Somewhat diff | 460 4.Very diff/cant do | 345 9. Dont do | 52 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 5.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S2CLIM1 66 100 1 5970 584 11144 779 615 217 79 87

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| R1STOOP 1.Not at all diff | 7258 2.A little diff | 2623 3.Somewhat diff | 1414 4.Very diff/cant do | 1284 9. Dont do | 73 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot |

R2STOOP 4 8222 1 7429 2248 1721

7 9604 7459 786 300

Section B: Health

3.Yes,DK/NA how much 4.Yes,RF how much 9. Dont do

356

| | |

6 7 4

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S3STOOP 2 3 10 5658 418 7439 3960 376 125

S4STOOP 3 1 7 6869 537 8693 4692 399 183

S5STOOP 1 2 5 6538 311 7669 4564 333 156

S6STOOP 3

R3LIFT 3 4 35 13089 3187 721 952

R4LIFT 6 7 27 15686 3860 814 984

R5LIFT 7 5 23 14321 3705 607 911

R6LIFT 7

S3LIFT

S4LIFT 2 1 7 6869 537

S5LIFT 1 3 5 6538 311

S6LIFT 2

3 6306 220 6648 4549 321 117

S7STOOP 4 3 1 6777 380 7561 4866 361 176

S8STOOP 3 2 1 6417 317 6521 4767 341 100

S9STOOP 3 1 1 6206 365 5861 4436 247 97

R7LIFT 12 4 10 14844 3810 662 787

R8LIFT 7 2 7 13476 3840 571 566

R9LIFT 7 1 9 12449 3701 509 541

S7LIFT 2 2 1 6777 380

S8LIFT 1 1 1 6417 317

S9LIFT 1 1 2 6206 365

Value-------------------------| S1STOOP .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.Not at all diff | 5832 2.A little diff | 2077 3.Somewhat diff | 1077 4.Very diff/cant do | 871 9. Dont do | 43 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 9. Dont do |

S2STOOP 3 4549 1 5970 384 5858 1701 1163 4 6 3

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 5.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR |

7 13259 3492 615 787

R1LIFT 9451 1363 823 886 129 R2LIFT 10 481 2 14504 1873 1958 9 4 548 253

3 10 5658 418

3 6306 220

Section B: Health

0.No 1.Yes 2.Cant do 9. Dont do

357

| | | |

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

10167 1939 266 349

9354 1748 239 295

10431 1968 264 304

9388 1925 215 204

8501 1797 157 187

R3DIME 5 3 35 16590 1216 103 39

R4DIME 13 6 28 19782 1372 128 55

R5DIME 17 4 23 18045 1319 118 53

R6DIME 18

R7DIME 28 4 10 18610 1334 96 47

R8DIME 21 2 7 16952 1358 103 26

R9DIME 20 1 9 15751 1318 89 29

S3DIME 1 2 10 5658 418 11170 666 43 23

S4DIME 5 1 7 6869 537 13178 707 54 26

S5DIME 4 2 5 6538 311 11950 704 41 24

S6DIME 6

S7DIME 8 2 1 6777 380 12240 666 34 21

S8DIME 5 1 1 6417 317 10985 696 40 7

S9DIME 3 1 2 6206 365 9977 624 30 9

S2LIFT 7 198 2 5970 584 10406 1102 1056 6 3 222 86

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

7 16766 1230 105 41

R1DIME 11836 455 246 106 9

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 5.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R2DIME 11 53 2 18373 757 408 1 1 16 20

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff |

11123 2066 353 426

S1LIFT 2373 379 7633 1010 600 574 83

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 5.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

9406 1779 304 413

S1DIME 2373 379 9330

3 6306 220 10967 607 42 16

Section B: Health

2.A little diff 3.Somewhat diff 4.Very diff/cant do 9. Dont do

358

| | | |

337 152 75 6

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 5.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

S2DIME 5 25 2 5970 584 12418 420 204 1 1 6 6

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

R5ARMS 13 5 23 16341 2938 173 86

R6ARMS 13

S3ARMS 2 2 10 5658 418 10177 1589 85 50

S4ARMS 4 1 7 6869 537 12051 1771 99 45

S5ARMS 6 3 5 6538 311 10971 1633 76 36

S6ARMS 3

7 15026 2879 160 82

R7ARMS 14 5 10 16761 3067 186 86

R8ARMS 10 3 7 15218 2993 164 74

R9ARMS 9 1 8 14211 2794 139 55

S7ARMS 4 3 1 6777 380 11132 1719 77 36

S8ARMS 4 1 1 6417 317 10010 1632 61 26

S9ARMS 3 1 1 6206 365 9146 1417 51 27

R2ARMS 8 8222 1 9972 892 543 1 3

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR |

R4ARMS 8 6 27 17856 3158 220 109

R1ARMS 11126 831 412 267 16

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much |

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3ARMS 4 3 35 14909 2738 201 101

S1ARMS 2373 379 8838 588 290 174 10 S2ARMS 3 4549 1 5970 384

3 6306 220 9952 1584 64 35

Section B: Health

0.No 1.Yes,a little 2.Yes,a lot 3.Yes,DK/NA how much 4.Yes,RF how much

359

| | | | |

7769 622 341 1 2

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do | Value-------------------------| 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

R5PUSH 10

R6PUSH 8

R7PUSH 15

R8PUSH 15

R9PUSH 10

6 27 14799 3918 951 1677

5 23 13547 3713 758 1523

7 12375 3701 744 1332

6 10 14065 4021 785 1227

2 7 12620 4254 679 892

1 8 11889 3859 573 877

S3PUSH

S4PUSH 3 1 7 6869 537 10456 2264 429 818

S5PUSH 2 3 5 6538 311 9578 2127 340 675

S7PUSH 6 4 1 6777 380 9887 2208 335 531

S8PUSH 6 1 1 6417 317 8805 2293 264 365

S9PUSH 5 1 1 6206 365 8123 1987 213 316

R2PUSH 9 410 3 14115 1758 1786 493 10 609 449

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes | 2.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 5.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

R4PUSH 6

R1PUSH 9303 1577 766 843 163

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.No | 1.Yes,a little | 2.Yes,a lot | 3.Yes,DK/NA how much | 4.Yes,RF how much | 5.Cant do | 9. Dont do |

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Not at all diff | 2.A little diff | 3.Somewhat diff | 4.Very diff/cant do | 9. Dont do |

R3PUSH 4 1 4 35 12225 3302 864 1556

3 10 5658 418 8757 1999 381 765 S1PUSH 2373 379 7471 1225 551 547 106 S2PUSH 6 169 2 5970 584 10098 1118 1042 216 7 259 171

S6PUSH 6 3 6306 220 8766 1987 299 580

Section B: Health

360

How Constructed: These variables recode raw variables for difficulty with activities besides activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) as they appear in the raw data except for missing values and accounting for skip patterns. The activities described here include walking several blocks (RwWALKS), walking one block (RwWALK1), sitting for about 2 hours (RwSIT), getting up from a chair after sitting for long periods (RwCHAIR), climbing several flights of stairs without resting (RwCLIMS), climbing one flight of stairs without resting (RwCLIM1), lifting or carrying weights over 10 lbs (RwLIFT), stooping kneeling, or crouching (RwSTOOP), reaching arms above shoulder level (RwARMS), pushing or pulling large objects (RwPUSH), and picking up a dime from the table (RwDIME). These variables are referred to as Rw[func] in the descriptions below. Note that RwWALK1, RwCLIMS, RwSIT, RwCHAIR, RwSTOOP, and RwARMS are not asked in Wave 2A. variables are set to .Q in Wave 2 for Ahead respondents.

These

The recodes vary across waves because the question and responses can vary across waves. In Wave 1, the HRS imputations are left in place. In all other waves don’t know is recoded to special missing code .D and refused is recoded to .R. In Wave 1 difficulty with an activity is rated on a 4-point scale from no difficulty to very difficult/can’t do. These are assigned without change. A "don’t do" answer is recoded to 9. In Wave 2, the question asks if R has any difficulty with an activity and if so, asks followup questions about the degree of difficulty. In Wave 2H, the raw variable codes both questions as one categorical variable. In Wave 2A the answer to the first question and a categorical variable for the followup are given. In either case, a "no" answer to the first question about any difficulty is recoded to 0, and the categorical levels of difficulty are recoded appropriately to "a little" and "a lot", or "don’t know/refused how much". In Wave 2A, if the respondent says "don't do" to the first question about difficulty, s/he is asked if this is because of a health problem, and if so, "don't do" is changed to "can't do". In Wave 2A, "can’t do" is recoded to 5. In Wave 2H, the "can’t do" is not allowed. A "don’t do" response is coded as 9. From Wave 3 forward, the answers are simply yes for difficulty and no if not, which are coded 1 and 0, respectively. A "can't do" response is recoded to 2 and a "don't do" response is recoded to 9. In some waves, questions about activities are skipped based on answers to previous questions. In Waves 1 and 2H, if a respondent reports no difficulty jogging a mile, then the questions about walking several blocks and walking one block are skipped. In these cases RwWALKS and RwWALK1 are set to 0 for no difficulty. In Wave 2A if the respondent reports needing help in getting across a room, then the questions about walking several blocks, climbing one flight of stairs, and pushing large objects. In these cases difficulty is assumed for the skipped activities, i.e., R2WALKS, R2CLIM1, and R2PUSH are set to 3, difficulty but how much is not ascertained. From Wave 3 forward, if the respondent reports no difficulty walking several blocks, the question about walking one block is skipped, and RwWALK1 is set to 0 for no difficulty. In all waves except 2A, if the respondent said no difficulty to climbing several flights of stairs, the question about climbing one flight of stairs is skipped, and RwCLIM1 is set to 0 for no difficulty. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported Wave 'w' data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. There are other versions of the Rw[func] variables that recode to a yes/no measure for use in creating indices. One version of this variable is derived that attempts to code a consistent crosswave yes/no dummy that indicates "some difficulty" (Rw[func]A). These are available from Wave 2 forward. Because of the inconsistent coding of the underlying HRS data, we do not construct R1[func]A variables in Wave 1. Please see the description of the Rw[func]A variables under "Other functional limitations: Some difficulty" for this version. Some of the Rw[func]A variables are used to construct functional limitation indices. Please see "Other Summary Indices". A third version of these variables are derived for Wave 1 only (R1[func]W). They code a yes/no dummy that indicates "any difficulty" in a manner used by Wallace and Herzog in their paper. These are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Please see "Other functional limitations: Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog" for a description of the R1[func]W

Section B: Health

361

variables. Note that the Wallace and Herzog variables result in more limitation than the 0/1 recodes done in other waves (Rw[func]A) solely due to measurement differences in the raw data. The R1[func]W variables are not appropriate for comparison to the Rw[func]A variables in other waves.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In all waves questions ask about a number of activities, such as climbing stairs or picking up a dime, but the question wording and possible answers vary. In Waves 1 and 2H questions about activities of daily living (ADLs) are embedded among those about other functional limitations. This description applies to the other functional limitations. The Wave 1 questions ask: We are interested in how much difficulty people have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please look at the answer categories at the top of page one of the booklet and tell me how difficult each activity is for you. Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. How difficult is it for you to [...]? Is it not at all difficult, a little difficult, somewhat difficult, very difficult, or something that you can't do at all? The respondent can also answer "Don't do". The answers translate into 4 codes: 1 for not at all difficult, 2 for a little difficult, 3 for somewhat difficult, and 4 for very difficult/can't do. Another code is used for the "Don't do" response. The first question asks how difficult it is to run or jog a mile. The specific wording for the other functional limitations (besides ADLs) is: walk several blocks; walk one block; sit for about 2 hours; get up from a chair after sitting for long periods; climb several flights of stairs without resting; climb one flight of stairs without resting; lift or carry weights over 10 lbs like a heavy bag of groceries; stoop, kneel, or crouch; pick up a dime from the table; reach or extend your arms above shoulder level; and push or pull large objects like a living room chair. If the respondent says s/he has no difficulty with running a mile, then all the questions about walking, including several blocks, one block, and across a room, are skipped. If no difficulty is reported for walking several blocks then the questions about walking one block or across a room are skipped, and if no difficulty is reported for walking one block, the question about walking across a room is skipped. Likewise if no difficulty climbing several flights of stairs is reported, the question about climbing one flight of stairs is skipped. In Wave 2H the questions and answers differ.

The questions ask:

We are interested in how much difficulty people have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please tell me how difficult each of the following activities is for you. Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. Do you have any difficulty with ...? [IF YES] Is that a little difficulty or a lot of difficulty? In the data the answers to the 2-part question are recoded into 5-categories: 1=yes, a little difficult; 2=yes, a lot; 3=yes, DK; 4=yes, RF; 5=No; 6=doesn't do. Note that there is no "Can't do" category and that "Don't do" is not an option in the instrument. The "Doesn't do" category is likely the result of post-interview interpretation of interview comments so may be observed less frequently than in other waves, simply because of questionnaire differences. The number of "Don’t do" responses is much larger in other waves for most activities. For example, only 16 and 91 say "don’t do" for sitting for 2 hours and climbing several flights of stairs in Wave 2H, but 87 and 736 have this response in Wave 3H, respectively. The specific wording for these activities and the question skips for walking and climbing stairs are the same as in Wave 1. In Wave 2A, the questions are different from other waves and the list of activities is shorter. Also the ADL questions are asked first as a group. The questions about functional difficulties besides ADLs and IADLs ask: Do you have any difficulty ...? little, or a lot of difficulty? problem?

Answers may be yes, no, can’t do and don’t do. [If YES]: Is that a [If DON’T DO to the first question]: Is that because of a health

The specific wording for these activities is: walking several blocks; climbing one flight of stairs without resting; pushing or pulling large objects like a living room chair; lifting or carrying weights over 10 lbs like a heavy bag of groceries; and picking up a dime from the table. If the respondent reports needing help getting across a room earlier in the interview, then the questions about walking several blocks, climbing stairs, and pushing large objects are skipped.

Section B: Health

362

From Wave 3 forward, the questions about ADLs and IADLs are asked after those about the other activities described here. The questions ask: We need to understand difficulties people may have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please tell me whether you have any difficulty doing each of the everyday activities that I read to you. Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. have any difficulty with ...?

Because of a health problem do you

The answers to the difficulty questions are simply yes, no, can't do, or don't do. The exact wording for these activities is: walking several blocks; running or jogging about a mile; across a room; walking one block; sitting for about 2 hours; getting up from a chair after sitting for long periods; climbing several flights of stairs without resting; climbing one flight of stairs without resting; stooping, kneeling, or crouching; reaching or extending your arms above shoulder level; pushing or pulling large objects like a living room chair; lifting or carrying weights over 10 lbs like a heavy bag of groceries; and picking up a dime from the table. If the respondent reports no difficulty to walking several block, then the question about running a mile is asked, and the question about walking one block is skipped. The question about climbing one flight of stairs is skipped if no difficulty is reported for climbing several flights of stairs. In Wave 7, the interviewer may also say the following if the respondent is in a nursing home or confined to bed or a wheelchair, before asking about these activities: I am required to ask about all of these activities. I realize that you may not be able to do some of them, but I would appreciate it if you would just confirm that with me as we go through the list.

HRS Variables Used V304 V305 V306 V308 V309 V311 V312 V313 V314 V315 V317 V318 AHEAD 1993: B768 B852 B865 B872 B879 B882 HRS 1994: W306 W307 W308 W311 W313 W314 W315 W316 W317 W319 W320 AHEAD 1995: D1834

B4A:RUN OR JOG 1 MIL:IMP B4B:WALK SEVERAL BLO:IMP B4C:WALK 1 BLOCK :IMP B4E:SIT FOR 2 HOURS :IMP B4F:GET UP AFTR SIT :IMP B4H:CLMB SVRL FLTS S:IMP B4J:1 FLT STAIRS-NO :IMP B4K:LIFT/CARRY 10 LB:IMP B4M:STOOP/KNEEL/CROU:IMP B4N:PCK UP DIME FRM :IMP B4Q:ARMS OVER SHOULD:IMP B4R:PULL/PUSH LRG OB:IMP E33. E47. E48. E49. E50. E51.

ADL WALK HELP EVER WALK SEV BLOCKS ANY DIFFICULTY STAIR CLIMB ANY DIFFICULTY HEAVY OBJ ANY DIFFICULTY LIFT 10 LBS ANY DIFFICULTY PICK UP DIME ANY DIFFICULTY

B4.RUNNING/JOGGING 1 MIL B4a.WALKING SEVERAL BLOC B4b.WALKING ONE BLOCK B4e.GETTING UP AFTER SIT B4g.CLIMBING SEVERAL FLI B4h.CLIMBING ONE FLIGHT B4j.LIFTING OR CARRYING B4k.STOOPING/KNEELING/CR B4m.PICKING UP A DIME B4p.EXTENDING ARMS ABOVE B4q.PULLING/PUSHING LARG E60.DIFF-SEV BLKS

Section B: Health

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

D1840 D1843 D1846 D1849 D1852 D1855 D1858 D1861 D1864 D1867 1996: E1858 E1864 E1867 E1870 E1873 E1876 E1879 E1882 E1885 E1888 E1891 1998: F2391 F2394 F2397 F2400 F2403 F2406 F2409 F2412 F2415 F2418 F2421 2000: G2689 G2692 G2695 G2698 G2701 G2704 G2707 G2710 G2713 G2716 G2719 2002: HG001 HG003 HG004 HG005 HG006 HG007 HG008 HG009 HG010 HG011 HG012 2004: JG001 JG003 JG004 JG005

363

E62.DIFF-1 BLK E63.DIFF-SIT E64.DIFF-CHAIR E65.DIFF-STAIRS E66.DIFF-1 STAIR E67.DIFF-STOOP E68.DIFF-REACH E69.DIFF-PULL PUSH E70.E70.DIFF-WEIGHTS E71.PICK DIME E60.DIFF-SEV BLKS E62.DIFF-1 BLK E63.DIFF-SIT E64.DIFF-CHAIR E65.DIFF-STAIRS E66.DIFF-1 STAIR E67.DIFF-STOOP E68.DIFF-REACH E69.DIFF-PULL PUSH E70.DIFF-WEIGHTS E71.PICK DIME E60.DIFF-SEV BLKS E62.DIFF-1 BLK E63.DIFF-SIT E64.DIFF-CHAIR E65.DIFF-STAIRS E66.DIFF-1 STAIR E67.DIFF-STOOP E68.DIFF-REACH E69.DIFF-PULL PUSH E70.DIFF-WEIGHTS E71.PICK DIME E60.DIFF-SEV BLKS E62.DIFF-1 BLK E63.DIFF-SIT E64.DIFF-CHAIR E65.DIFF-STAIRS E66.DIFF-1 STAIR E67.DIFF-STOOP E68.DIFF-REACH E69.DIFF-PULL PUSH E70.DIFF-WEIGHTS E71.PICK DIME DIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTY-

WALKING SEVERAL BLOCKS WALKING 1 BLOCK SITTING 2 HOURS GETTING UP FROM CHAIR CLIMBING STAIRS CLIMBING 1 FLIGHT OF STAIRS STOOPING REACHING ARMS PULL/PUSH LARGE OBJECTS LIFTING WEIGHTS PICKING UP DIME

DIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTY-

WALKING WALKING SITTING GETTING

SEVERAL BLOCKS 1 BLOCK 2 HOURS UP FROM CHAIR

Section B: Health

JG006 JG007 JG008 JG009 JG010 JG011 JG012 HRS 2006: KG001 KG003 KG004 KG005 KG006 KG007 KG008 KG009 KG010 KG011 KG012 HRS 2008: LG001 LG003 LG004 LG005 LG006 LG007 LG008 LG009 LG010 LG011 LG012

364

DIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTY-

CLIMBING STAIRS CLIMBING 1 FLIGHT OF STAIRS STOOPING REACHING ARMS PULL/PUSH LARGE OBJECTS LIFTING WEIGHTS PICKING UP DIME

DIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTY-

WALKING SEVERAL BLOCKS WALKING 1 BLOCK SITTING 2 HOURS GETTING UP FROM CHAIR CLIMBING STAIRS CLIMBING 1 FLIGHT OF STAIRS STOOPING REACHING ARMS PULL/PUSH LARGE OBJECTS LIFTING WEIGHTS PICKING UP DIME

DIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTY-

WALKING SEVERAL BLOCKS WALKING 1 BLOCK SITTING 2 HOURS GETTING UP FROM CHAIR CLIMBING STAIRS CLIMBING 1 FLIGHT OF STAIRS STOOPING REACHING ARMS PULL/PUSH LARGE OBJECTS LIFTING WEIGHTS PICKING UP DIME

Section B: Health

365

Other Functional Limitations: Some difficulty Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2WALKSA R3WALKSA R4WALKSA R5WALKSA R6WALKSA R7WALKSA R8WALKSA R9WALKSA

R2WALKSA:W2 R3WALKSA:W3 R4WALKSA:W4 R5WALKSA:W5 R6WALKSA:W6 R7WALKSA:W7 R8WALKSA:W8 R9WALKSA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2WALKSA S3WALKSA S4WALKSA S5WALKSA S6WALKSA S7WALKSA S8WALKSA S9WALKSA

S2WALKSA:W2 S3WALKSA:W3 S4WALKSA:W4 S5WALKSA:W5 S6WALKSA:W6 S7WALKSA:W7 S8WALKSA:W8 S9WALKSA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev

blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks blocks

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2WALK1A R3WALK1A R4WALK1A R5WALK1A R6WALK1A R7WALK1A R8WALK1A R9WALK1A

R2WALK1A:W2 R3WALK1A:W3 R4WALK1A:W4 R5WALK1A:W5 R6WALK1A:W6 R7WALK1A:W7 R8WALK1A:W8 R9WALK1A:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

one one one one one one one one

block block block block block block block block

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2WALK1A S3WALK1A S4WALK1A S5WALK1A S6WALK1A S7WALK1A S8WALK1A S9WALK1A

S2WALK1A:W2 S3WALK1A:W3 S4WALK1A:W4 S5WALK1A:W5 S6WALK1A:W6 S7WALK1A:W7 S8WALK1A:W8 S9WALK1A:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk Diff-Walk

one one one one one one one one

block block block block block block block block

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2SITA R3SITA R4SITA R5SITA R6SITA R7SITA R8SITA R9SITA

R2SITA:W2 R3SITA:W3 R4SITA:W4 R5SITA:W5 R6SITA:W6 R7SITA:W7 R8SITA:W8 R9SITA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit

for for for for for for for for

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

hours hours hours hours hours hours hours hours

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7

S2SITA S3SITA S4SITA S5SITA S6SITA S7SITA

S2SITA:W2 S3SITA:W3 S4SITA:W4 S5SITA:W5 S6SITA:W6 S7SITA:W7

S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit Diff-Sit

for for for for for for

2 2 2 2 2 2

hours hours hours hours hours hours

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

366

8 9

S8SITA S9SITA

S8SITA:W8 S Some Diff-Sit for 2 hours S9SITA:W9 S Some Diff-Sit for 2 hours

Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2CHAIRA R3CHAIRA R4CHAIRA R5CHAIRA R6CHAIRA R7CHAIRA R8CHAIRA R9CHAIRA

R2CHAIRA:W2 R3CHAIRA:W3 R4CHAIRA:W4 R5CHAIRA:W5 R6CHAIRA:W6 R7CHAIRA:W7 R8CHAIRA:W8 R9CHAIRA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get

up up up up up up up up

fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr

chair chair chair chair chair chair chair chair

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2CHAIRA S3CHAIRA S4CHAIRA S5CHAIRA S6CHAIRA S7CHAIRA S8CHAIRA S9CHAIRA

S2CHAIRA:W2 S3CHAIRA:W3 S4CHAIRA:W4 S5CHAIRA:W5 S6CHAIRA:W6 S7CHAIRA:W7 S8CHAIRA:W8 S9CHAIRA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get Diff-Get

up up up up up up up up

fr fr fr fr fr fr fr fr

chair chair chair chair chair chair chair chair

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2CLIMSA R3CLIMSA R4CLIMSA R5CLIMSA R6CLIMSA R7CLIMSA R8CLIMSA R9CLIMSA

R2CLIMSA:W2 R3CLIMSA:W3 R4CLIMSA:W4 R5CLIMSA:W5 R6CLIMSA:W6 R7CLIMSA:W7 R8CLIMSA:W8 R9CLIMSA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb

sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev

flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt

str str str str str str str str

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2CLIMSA S3CLIMSA S4CLIMSA S5CLIMSA S6CLIMSA S7CLIMSA S8CLIMSA S9CLIMSA

S2CLIMSA:W2 S3CLIMSA:W3 S4CLIMSA:W4 S5CLIMSA:W5 S6CLIMSA:W6 S7CLIMSA:W7 S8CLIMSA:W8 S9CLIMSA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb

sev sev sev sev sev sev sev sev

flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt

str str str str str str str str

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2CLIM1A R3CLIM1A R4CLIM1A R5CLIM1A R6CLIM1A R7CLIM1A R8CLIM1A R9CLIM1A

R2CLIM1A:W2 R3CLIM1A:W3 R4CLIM1A:W4 R5CLIM1A:W5 R6CLIM1A:W6 R7CLIM1A:W7 R8CLIM1A:W8 R9CLIM1A:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt

stair stair stair stair stair stair stair stair

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2CLIM1A S3CLIM1A S4CLIM1A S5CLIM1A S6CLIM1A S7CLIM1A S8CLIM1A S9CLIM1A

S2CLIM1A:W2 S3CLIM1A:W3 S4CLIM1A:W4 S5CLIM1A:W5 S6CLIM1A:W6 S7CLIM1A:W7 S8CLIM1A:W8 S9CLIM1A:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb Diff-Clmb

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

flt flt flt flt flt flt flt flt

stair stair stair stair stair stair stair stair

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

367

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2STOOPA R3STOOPA R4STOOPA R5STOOPA R6STOOPA R7STOOPA R8STOOPA R9STOOPA

R2STOOPA:W2 R3STOOPA:W3 R4STOOPA:W4 R5STOOPA:W5 R6STOOPA:W6 R7STOOPA:W7 R8STOOPA:W8 R9STOOPA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2STOOPA S3STOOPA S4STOOPA S5STOOPA S6STOOPA S7STOOPA S8STOOPA S9STOOPA

S2STOOPA:W2 S3STOOPA:W3 S4STOOPA:W4 S5STOOPA:W5 S6STOOPA:W6 S7STOOPA:W7 S8STOOPA:W8 S9STOOPA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crch

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2LIFTA R3LIFTA R4LIFTA R5LIFTA R6LIFTA R7LIFTA R8LIFTA R9LIFTA

R2LIFTA:W2 R3LIFTA:W3 R4LIFTA:W4 R5LIFTA:W5 R6LIFTA:W6 R7LIFTA:W7 R8LIFTA:W8 R9LIFTA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry

10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIFTA S3LIFTA S4LIFTA S5LIFTA S6LIFTA S7LIFTA S8LIFTA S9LIFTA

S2LIFTA:W2 S3LIFTA:W3 S4LIFTA:W4 S5LIFTA:W5 S6LIFTA:W6 S7LIFTA:W7 S8LIFTA:W8 S9LIFTA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry Diff-Lift/carry

10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs 10lbs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2DIMEA R3DIMEA R4DIMEA R5DIMEA R6DIMEA R7DIMEA R8DIMEA R9DIMEA

R2DIMEA:W2 R3DIMEA:W3 R4DIMEA:W4 R5DIMEA:W5 R6DIMEA:W6 R7DIMEA:W7 R8DIMEA:W8 R9DIMEA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick

up up up up up up up up

a a a a a a a a

dime dime dime dime dime dime dime dime

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2DIMEA S3DIMEA S4DIMEA S5DIMEA S6DIMEA S7DIMEA S8DIMEA S9DIMEA

S2DIMEA:W2 S3DIMEA:W3 S4DIMEA:W4 S5DIMEA:W5 S6DIMEA:W6 S7DIMEA:W7 S8DIMEA:W8 S9DIMEA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick Diff-Pick

up up up up up up up up

a a a a a a a a

dime dime dime dime dime dime dime dime

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4

R2ARMSA R3ARMSA R4ARMSA

R2ARMSA:W2 R Some Diff-Rch/xtnd arms up R3ARMSA:W3 R Some Diff-Rch/xtnd arms up R4ARMSA:W4 R Some Diff-Rch/xtnd arms up

Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

368

5 6 7 8 9

R5ARMSA R6ARMSA R7ARMSA R8ARMSA R9ARMSA

R5ARMSA:W5 R6ARMSA:W6 R7ARMSA:W7 R8ARMSA:W8 R9ARMSA:W9

R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd

arms arms arms arms arms

up up up up up

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2ARMSA S3ARMSA S4ARMSA S5ARMSA S6ARMSA S7ARMSA S8ARMSA S9ARMSA

S2ARMSA:W2 S3ARMSA:W3 S4ARMSA:W4 S5ARMSA:W5 S6ARMSA:W6 S7ARMSA:W7 S8ARMSA:W8 S9ARMSA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd Diff-Rch/xtnd

arms arms arms arms arms arms arms arms

up up up up up up up up

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2PUSHA R3PUSHA R4PUSHA R5PUSHA R6PUSHA R7PUSHA R8PUSHA R9PUSHA

R2PUSHA:W2 R3PUSHA:W3 R4PUSHA:W4 R5PUSHA:W5 R6PUSHA:W6 R7PUSHA:W7 R8PUSHA:W8 R9PUSHA:W9

R R R R R R R R

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull

lg lg lg lg lg lg lg lg

obj obj obj obj obj obj obj obj

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2PUSHA S3PUSHA S4PUSHA S5PUSHA S6PUSHA S7PUSHA S8PUSHA S9PUSHA

S2PUSHA:W2 S3PUSHA:W3 S4PUSHA:W4 S5PUSHA:W5 S6PUSHA:W6 S7PUSHA:W7 S8PUSHA:W8 S9PUSHA:W9

S S S S S S S S

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull Diff-Push/pull

lg lg lg lg lg lg lg lg

obj obj obj obj obj obj obj obj

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2WALKSA R3WALKSA R4WALKSA R5WALKSA R6WALKSA R7WALKSA R8WALKSA R9WALKSA

19099 17417 20844 19007 17695 19585 18119 16879

0.256 0.277 0.277 0.291 0.318 0.300 0.323 0.329

0.436 0.448 0.447 0.454 0.466 0.458 0.468 0.470

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2WALKSA S3WALKSA S4WALKSA S5WALKSA S6WALKSA S7WALKSA S8WALKSA S9WALKSA

12753 11667 13746 12485 11458 12750 11604 10521

0.203 0.224 0.223 0.238 0.260 0.242 0.262 0.263

0.402 0.417 0.416 0.426 0.439 0.428 0.440 0.440

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2WALK1A R3WALK1A R4WALK1A R5WALK1A

11071 17735 21160 19323

0.067 0.133 0.136 0.147

0.250 0.340 0.343 0.354

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

369

R6WALK1A R7WALK1A R8WALK1A R9WALK1A

17967 19867 18283 17053

0.163 0.151 0.166 0.172

0.369 0.358 0.372 0.377

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2WALK1A S3WALK1A S4WALK1A S5WALK1A S6WALK1A S7WALK1A S8WALK1A S9WALK1A

8472 11827 13903 12637 11567 12880 11677 10592

0.057 0.099 0.101 0.110 0.121 0.109 0.123 0.125

0.232 0.298 0.301 0.313 0.326 0.312 0.329 0.331

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2SITA R3SITA R4SITA R5SITA R6SITA R7SITA R8SITA R9SITA

11391 17778 21139 19357 17980 19964 18340 17094

0.195 0.185 0.183 0.184 0.199 0.193 0.197 0.194

0.396 0.388 0.387 0.388 0.399 0.395 0.398 0.395

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2SITA S3SITA S4SITA S5SITA S6SITA S7SITA S8SITA S9SITA

8715 11799 13847 12620 11534 12884 11673 10587

0.184 0.178 0.173 0.171 0.187 0.184 0.184 0.178

0.388 0.382 0.378 0.377 0.390 0.387 0.387 0.382

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2CHAIRA R3CHAIRA R4CHAIRA R5CHAIRA R6CHAIRA R7CHAIRA R8CHAIRA R9CHAIRA

11409 17899 21303 19497 18117 20061 18418 17163

0.321 0.362 0.365 0.377 0.409 0.390 0.419 0.415

0.467 0.481 0.481 0.485 0.492 0.488 0.493 0.493

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2CHAIRA S3CHAIRA S4CHAIRA S5CHAIRA S6CHAIRA S7CHAIRA S8CHAIRA S9CHAIRA

8729 11874 13945 12700 11619 12941 11712 10623

0.306 0.330 0.332 0.345 0.376 0.361 0.382 0.377

0.461 0.470 0.471 0.475 0.484 0.480 0.486 0.485

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2CLIMSA R3CLIMSA R4CLIMSA R5CLIMSA R6CLIMSA R7CLIMSA R8CLIMSA R9CLIMSA

11296 15784 18914 17303 16134 18200 17105 15828

0.335 0.423 0.421 0.434 0.472 0.452 0.485 0.483

0.472 0.494 0.494 0.496 0.499 0.498 0.500 0.500

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2CLIMSA S3CLIMSA S4CLIMSA S5CLIMSA

8656 10732 12683 11549

0.311 0.376 0.373 0.387

0.463 0.484 0.484 0.487

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

370

S6CLIMSA S7CLIMSA S8CLIMSA S9CLIMSA

10626 12042 11110 10008

0.417 0.400 0.428 0.426

0.493 0.490 0.495 0.495

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2CLIM1A R3CLIM1A R4CLIM1A R5CLIM1A R6CLIM1A R7CLIM1A R8CLIM1A R9CLIM1A

19249 17200 20542 18735 17510 19423 17974 16710

0.184 0.170 0.171 0.182 0.191 0.189 0.202 0.201

0.387 0.376 0.376 0.386 0.393 0.391 0.401 0.401

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2CLIM1A S3CLIM1A S4CLIM1A S5CLIM1A S6CLIM1A S7CLIM1A S8CLIM1A S9CLIM1A

12932 11573 13638 12390 11391 12706 11544 10479

0.138 0.130 0.132 0.140 0.143 0.143 0.152 0.149

0.345 0.337 0.339 0.347 0.350 0.350 0.359 0.356

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2STOOPA R3STOOPA R4STOOPA R5STOOPA R6STOOPA R7STOOPA R8STOOPA R9STOOPA

11411 17665 20986 19193 17849 19705 18198 16943

0.349 0.405 0.407 0.424 0.462 0.450 0.481 0.486

0.477 0.491 0.491 0.494 0.499 0.498 0.500 0.500

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2STOOPA S3STOOPA S4STOOPA S5STOOPA S6STOOPA S7STOOPA S8STOOPA S9STOOPA

8732 11775 13784 12566 11518 12788 11629 10544

0.329 0.368 0.369 0.390 0.423 0.409 0.439 0.444

0.470 0.482 0.483 0.488 0.494 0.492 0.496 0.497

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2LIFTA R3LIFTA R4LIFTA R5LIFTA R6LIFTA R7LIFTA R8LIFTA R9LIFTA

19376 16997 20360 18633 17366 19316 17887 16659

0.251 0.230 0.230 0.231 0.236 0.232 0.247 0.253

0.434 0.421 0.421 0.422 0.425 0.422 0.431 0.435

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2LIFTA S3LIFTA S4LIFTA S5LIFTA S6LIFTA S7LIFTA S8LIFTA S9LIFTA

12992 11489 13542 12372 11341 12663 11528 10455

0.199 0.181 0.179 0.178 0.175 0.176 0.186 0.187

0.399 0.385 0.383 0.383 0.380 0.381 0.389 0.390

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2DIMEA R3DIMEA R4DIMEA R5DIMEA

19607 17909 21282 19482

0.063 0.074 0.070 0.074

0.243 0.261 0.256 0.261

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

371

R6DIMEA R7DIMEA R8DIMEA R9DIMEA

18101 20040 18413 17158

0.074 0.071 0.079 0.082

0.261 0.257 0.270 0.274

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2DIMEA S3DIMEA S4DIMEA S5DIMEA S6DIMEA S7DIMEA S8DIMEA S9DIMEA

13074 11879 13939 12695 11616 12940 11721 10631

0.050 0.060 0.055 0.059 0.056 0.054 0.063 0.062

0.218 0.237 0.227 0.235 0.230 0.226 0.243 0.240

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2ARMSA R3ARMSA R4ARMSA R5ARMSA R6ARMSA R7ARMSA R8ARMSA R9ARMSA

11411 17848 21234 19452 18065 20014 18375 17144

0.126 0.165 0.159 0.160 0.168 0.163 0.172 0.171

0.332 0.371 0.366 0.367 0.374 0.369 0.377 0.377

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2ARMSA S3ARMSA S4ARMSA S5ARMSA S6ARMSA S7ARMSA S8ARMSA S9ARMSA

8735 11851 13921 12680 11600 12928 11703 10614

0.111 0.141 0.134 0.135 0.142 0.139 0.145 0.138

0.314 0.348 0.341 0.342 0.349 0.346 0.352 0.345

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2PUSHA R3PUSHA R4PUSHA R5PUSHA R6PUSHA R7PUSHA R8PUSHA R9PUSHA

19178 16391 19668 18018 16820 18871 17553 16321

0.264 0.254 0.248 0.248 0.264 0.255 0.281 0.272

0.441 0.435 0.432 0.432 0.441 0.436 0.450 0.445

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2PUSHA S3PUSHA S4PUSHA S5PUSHA S6PUSHA S7PUSHA S8PUSHA S9PUSHA

12908 11137 13149 12045 11052 12430 11362 10323

0.218 0.214 0.205 0.205 0.207 0.205 0.225 0.213

0.413 0.410 0.404 0.404 0.405 0.403 0.418 0.410

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2WALKSA R3WALKSA R4WALKSA R5WALKSA R6WALKSA R7WALKSA R8WALKSA R9WALKSA 340 4 3 4 3 5 4 7 1 1 1 2 5 3 4 3 1 35 25 23 7 9 7 7 201 532 507 542 462 526 336 323 14211 12593 15073 13471 12072 13706 12268 11330 4888 4824 5771 5536 5623 5879 5851 5549

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA |

S2WALKSA S3WALKSA S4WALKSA S5WALKSA S6WALKSA S7WALKSA S8WALKSA S9WALKSA 260 1 2 2 3 1 3

Section B: Health

.M=Oth missing .R=RF .S=Skip .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR .X=Dont do 0.No 1.Yes

372

| | | | | | | |

1 1 5970 584 73 10170 2583

1 1 10 5658 418 235 9058 2609

1 6 6869 537 225 10682 3064

1 5 6538 311 237 9515 2970

3 6306 220 178 8478 2980

2 1 6777 380 216 9662 3088

2 1 6417 317 127 8567 3037

1 6206 365 121 7756 2765

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2WALK1A R3WALK1A R4WALK1A R5WALK1A R6WALK1A R7WALK1A R8WALK1A R9WALK1A 347 4 4 4 6 3 4 5 1 8222 2 2 5 3 3 3 1 35 25 23 7 9 7 8 214 190 226 187 247 172 150 10332 15368 18287 16477 15043 16875 15257 14119 739 2367 2873 2846 2924 2992 3026 2934

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2WALK1A S3WALK1A S4WALK1A S5WALK1A S6WALK1A S7WALK1A S8WALK1A S9WALK1A 265 1 2 1 1 1 2 4549 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 10 6 5 3 1 1 1 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 76 66 86 70 90 54 50 7987 10658 12499 11245 10168 11470 10237 9269 485 1169 1404 1392 1399 1410 1440 1323

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2SITA 12 8222 1

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2SITA 12 4549 1

16 9166 2225

5970 384 11 7110 1605

R3SITA 4

R4SITA 6

R5SITA 7

R6SITA 7

R7SITA 7

R8SITA 8

R9SITA 5

2 35 172 14486 3292

5 26 208 17275 3864

3 23 189 15790 3567

7 173 14406 3574

6 10 142 16112 3852

3 7 111 14718 3622

1 8 109 13786 3308

S3SITA 1

S4SITA

S5SITA 2

S6SITA 1

S7SITA 4

S8SITA 5

S9SITA 1

1 10 5658 418 104 9700 2099

1 7 6869 537 123 11450 2397

1 5 6538 311 102 10457 2163

3 6306 220 103 9373 2161

3 1 6777 380 80 10519 2365

2 1 6417 317 54 9527 2146

1 1 6206 365 56 8704 1883

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2CHAIRA R3CHAIRA R4CHAIRA R5CHAIRA R6CHAIRA R7CHAIRA R8CHAIRA R9CHAIRA 7 4 1 6 9 9 7 4 1 8222 1 3 5 3 5 3 2 35 26 23 7 10 7 8 3 49 49 50 34 44 34 40 7742 11414 13524 12143 10716 12243 10707 10043 3667 6485 7779 7354 7401 7818 7711 7120

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2CHAIRA S3CHAIRA S4CHAIRA S5CHAIRA S6CHAIRA S7CHAIRA S8CHAIRA S9CHAIRA 6 1 3 4 4 6 2 1 4549 1 2 1 1 3 2 2 10 7 5 3 1 1 1 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 3 27 25 21 15 23 14 18 6060 7954 9309 8321 7255 8269 7240 6622 2669 3920 4636 4379 4364 4672 4472 4001

Section B: Health

373

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2CLIMSA R3CLIMSA R4CLIMSA R5CLIMSA R6CLIMSA R7CLIMSA R8CLIMSA R9CLIMSA 34 9 19 22 17 39 34 22 8222 1 3 6 3 5 5 1 35 26 23 7 10 7 8 89 2160 2419 2228 2009 1875 1318 1358 7507 9101 10957 9791 8526 9966 8808 8177 3789 6683 7957 7512 7608 8234 8297 7651

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2CLIMSA S3CLIMSA S4CLIMSA S5CLIMSA S6CLIMSA S7CLIMSA S8CLIMSA S9CLIMSA 21 5 10 12 8 22 16 9 4549 1 2 1 1 3 3 1 10 7 5 3 1 1 1 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 61 1166 1277 1163 1004 904 605 627 5965 6697 7957 7081 6191 7230 6360 5744 2691 4035 4726 4468 4435 4812 4750 4264

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2CLIM1A R3CLIM1A R4CLIM1A R5CLIM1A R6CLIM1A R7CLIM1A R8CLIM1A R9CLIM1A 94 6 8 13 11 20 14 10 1 1 4 6 3 5 2 1 35 26 23 7 10 7 8 297 746 802 805 639 671 472 488 15709 14272 17032 15323 14163 15756 14350 13348 3540 2928 3510 3412 3347 3667 3624 3362

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2CLIM1A S3CLIM1A S4CLIM1A S5CLIM1A S6CLIM1A S7CLIM1A S8CLIM1A S9CLIM1A 66 3 4 7 4 6 7 5 1 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 10 7 5 3 1 1 1 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 88 326 328 327 243 256 181 160 11144 10066 11833 10653 9760 10894 9788 8922 1788 1507 1805 1737 1631 1812 1756 1557

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2STOOPA R3STOOPA R4STOOPA R5STOOPA R6STOOPA R7STOOPA R8STOOPA R9STOOPA 4 7 5 5 11 16 11 8 8222 1 4 6 4 5 3 1 35 26 23 7 10 7 8 4 280 361 354 300 393 250 257 7429 10503 12436 11054 9604 10836 9439 8713 3982 7162 8550 8139 8245 8869 8759 8230

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2STOOPA S3STOOPA S4STOOPA S5STOOPA S6STOOPA S7STOOPA S8STOOPA S9STOOPA 3 2 3 1 3 4 3 3 4549 1 3 1 2 3 2 1 10 7 5 3 1 1 1 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 3 125 183 156 117 176 100 97 5858 7439 8693 7669 6648 7561 6521 5861 2874 4336 5091 4897 4870 5227 5108 4683

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2LIFTA 10 1 2

R3LIFTA 3

R4LIFTA 6

R5LIFTA 7

R6LIFTA 7

R7LIFTA 12

R8LIFTA 7

R9LIFTA 7

253 14504 4872

4 35 952 13089 3908

7 27 984 15686 4674

5 23 911 14321 4312

7 787 13259 4107

4 10 787 14844 4472

2 7 566 13476 4411

1 9 541 12449 4210

Value-------------------------|

S2LIFTA

S3LIFTA

S4LIFTA

S5LIFTA

S6LIFTA

S7LIFTA

S8LIFTA

S9LIFTA

Section B: Health

.D=DK/NA .M=Oth missing .R=RF .S=Skip .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR .X=Dont do 0.No 1.Yes

374

| | | | | | | | |

7 1 2 5970 584 86 10406 2586

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2DIMEA 11 1 2

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2DIMEA 5 1 2

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2ARMSA 8 8222 1

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2ARMSA 3 4549 1

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R2PUSHA 9 1 3

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S2PUSHA 6 1 2

21 18373 1234

5970 584 6 12418 656

9972 1439

5970 384 7769 966

451 14115 5063

5970 584 171 10098 2810

2

1

2

2

1

1

3 10 5658 418 413 9406 2083

1 7 6869 537 426 11123 2419

3 5 6538 311 349 10167 2205

3 6306 220 295 9354 1987

2 1 6777 380 304 10431 2232

1 1 6417 317 204 9388 2140

1 2 6206 365 187 8501 1954

R3DIMEA 5

R4DIMEA 13

R5DIMEA 17

R6DIMEA 18

R7DIMEA 28

R8DIMEA 21

R9DIMEA 20

3 35 39 16590 1319

6 28 55 19782 1500

4 23 53 18045 1437

7 41 16766 1335

4 10 47 18610 1430

2 7 26 16952 1461

1 9 29 15751 1407

S3DIMEA 1

S4DIMEA 5

S5DIMEA 4

S6DIMEA 6

S7DIMEA 8

S8DIMEA 5

S9DIMEA 3

2 10 5658 418 23 11170 709

1 7 6869 537 26 13178 761

2 5 6538 311 24 11950 745

3 6306 220 16 10967 649

2 1 6777 380 21 12240 700

1 1 6417 317 7 10985 736

1 2 6206 365 9 9977 654

R3ARMSA 4

R4ARMSA 8

R5ARMSA 13

R6ARMSA 13

R7ARMSA 14

R8ARMSA 10

R9ARMSA 9

3 35 101 14909 2939

6 27 109 17856 3378

5 23 86 16341 3111

7 82 15026 3039

5 10 86 16761 3253

3 7 74 15218 3157

1 8 55 14211 2933

S3ARMSA 2

S4ARMSA 4

S5ARMSA 6

S6ARMSA 3

S7ARMSA 4

S8ARMSA 4

S9ARMSA 3

2 10 5658 418 50 10177 1674

1 7 6869 537 45 12051 1870

3 5 6538 311 36 10971 1709

3 6306 220 35 9952 1648

3 1 6777 380 36 11132 1796

1 1 6417 317 26 10010 1693

1 1 6206 365 27 9146 1468

R3PUSHA 4 1 4 35 1556 12225 4166

R4PUSHA 6

R5PUSHA 10

R6PUSHA 8

R7PUSHA 15

R8PUSHA 15

R9PUSHA 10

6 27 1677 14799 4869

5 23 1523 13547 4471

7 1332 12375 4445

6 10 1227 14065 4806

2 7 892 12620 4933

1 8 877 11889 4432

S3PUSHA

S4PUSHA 3

S5PUSHA 2

S6PUSHA 6

S7PUSHA 6

S8PUSHA 6

S9PUSHA 5

3 10 5658 418 765 8757 2380

1 7 6869 537 818 10456 2693

3 5 6538 311 675 9578 2467

3 6306 220 580 8766 2286

4 1 6777 380 531 9887 2543

1 1 6417 317 365 8805 2557

1 1 6206 365 316 8123 2200

Section B: Health

375

How Constructed: These variables recode raw data about difficulty with activities other than activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) as yes/no dummy variables, where 1 means some difficulty and 0 means not. These other activities include walking several blocks (RwWALKSA), walking one block (RwWALK1A), sitting for about 2 hours ( RwSITA), getting up from a chair after sitting for long periods (RwCHAIRA), climbing several flights of stairs without resting (RwCLIMSA), climbing one flight of stairs without resting (RwCLIM1A), lifting or carrying weights over 10 lbs (RwLIFTA), stooping kneeling, or crouching (RwSTOOPA), reaching arms above shoulder level (RwARMSA), pushing or pulling large objects (RwPUSHA), and picking up a dime from the table (RwDIMEA). In the following, references to Rw[func]A apply to all these variables. Note that questions used to derive RwWALK1A, RwCLIMSA, RwSITA, RwCHAIRA, RwSTOOPA, and RwARMSA are not asked in Wave 2A. These variables are set to .Q in Wave 2 for Ahead respondents. We attempt to make consistent variables across waves. Because of significant differences in question wording in Wave 1, we do not include these variables for this interview year. There are other cross wave differences in the way HRS presented these questions in Wave 2H and 2A and the later waves, that may introduce measurement errors in these variables. In particular, there are far fewer "don't do" responses for many activities in Wave 2H than in other waves. In addition the criteria used for skipping some questions was different in Wave 2A, which may influence the consistency of measurement for R2WALKSA, R2CLIM1A, and R2PUSHA. The variable derivations for some difficulty (Rw[func]A) vary across waves because the question and responses can vary across waves. In Wave 2, if a respondent answers "yes" to the first question ("Do you have any difficulty with ...") Rw[func]A is set to 1 for some difficulty, regardless of how much difficulty the respondent says he/she has in the follow-up question. From Wave 3 forward, if a respondent answers "yes" or "can't do" to the any difficulty question, Rw[func]A is set to 1 for some difficulty. In all waves, if the respondent answers "no" to the any difficulty question, Rw[func]A is set to zero. A "don't do" response is recoded to missing value .X, since the respondent hasn't revealed whether he/she would have difficulty with the activity if he/she ever did it. If the response is don’t know or refuse Rw[func]A is set to special missing codes .D or .R, respectively. In Wave 2A, if the response to the difficulty question is "don't do" a follow-up question asks if this is because of health. If it is because of health, then R2[func]A is set to 1 for difficulty. Otherwise it is set to .X for "don't do". In some waves, questions about activities are skipped based on answers to previous questions. In Wave 2H, if a respondent said no difficulty jogging a mile, then the questions about walking several blocks and walking one block are skipped. In these cases, R2WALKSA and R2WALK1A are set to 0 for no difficulty. In Wave 2H and from Wave 3 forward, if no difficulty is reported for walking several blocks, the question about walking one block is skipped, and RwWALK1A is set to 0 for no difficulty. Similarly if no difficulty is reported for climbing several flights of stairs, RwCLIM1A is set to 0 for no difficulty climbing one flight of stairs. In Wave 2A, if the respondent reported needing help to get across a room, the questions about walking several blocks, climbing a flight of stairs, and pushing large objects are skipped. In these cases, difficulty with these tasks is assumed, so R2WALKSA, R2CLIM1A, and R2PUSHA are set to 1. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported Wave 'w' data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. Some of these variables are used to construct a functional limitation indices. Summary Indices".

Please see "Other

Another version of these variables simply recode the raw HRS variables. Please see the description of the Rw[func] variables under "Other functional limitations: Raw recodes" for this version. A third version of these variables are derived for Wave 1 only (R1[func]W). They codes a yes/no dummy that indicates "any difficulty" in a manner used by Wallace and Herzog in their paper. These are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Please see "Other functional limitations: Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog" for a description of the R1[func]W

Section B: Health

376

variables. Note that the Wallace and Herzog variables result in more limitation than the 0/1 recodes described here for other waves (Rw[func]A) solely due to measurement differences in the raw data. The R1[func]W variables are not appropriate for comparison to the Rw[func]A variables in other waves.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In all waves questions ask about a number of activities, such as climbing stairs or picking up a dime, but the question wording and possible answers vary. In Waves 1 and 2H questions about activities of daily living (ADLs) are embedded among those about other functional limitations. This description applies to the other functional limitations. The Wave 1 questions ask: We are interested in how much difficulty people have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please look at the answer categories at the top of page one of the booklet and tell me how difficult each activity is for you. Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. How difficult is it for you to [...]? Is it not at all difficult, a little difficult, somewhat difficult, very difficult, or something that you can't do at all? The respondent can also answer "Don't do". The answers translate into 4 codes: 1 for not at all difficult, 2 for a little difficult, 3 for somewhat difficult, and 4 for very difficult/can't do. Another code is used for the "Don't do" response. The first question asks how difficult it is to run or jog a mile. The specific wording for the other functional limitations (besides ADLs) is: walk several blocks; walk one block; sit for about 2 hours; get up from a chair after sitting for long periods; climb several flights of stairs without resting; climb one flight of stairs without resting; lift or carry weights over 10 lbs like a heavy bag of groceries; stoop, kneel, or crouch; pick up a dime from the table; reach or extend your arms above shoulder level; and push or pull large objects like a living room chair. If the respondent says s/he has no difficulty with running a mile, then all the questions about walking, including several blocks, one block, and across a room, are skipped. If no difficulty is reported for walking several blocks then the questions about walking one block or across a room are skipped, and if no difficulty is reported for walking one block, the question about walking across a room is skipped. Likewise if no difficulty climbing several flights of stairs is reported, the question about climbing one flight of stairs is skipped. In Wave 2H the questions and answers differ.

The questions ask:

We are interested in how much difficulty people have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please tell me how difficult each of the following activities is for you. Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. Do you have any difficulty with ...? [IF YES] Is that a little difficulty or a lot of difficulty? In the data the answers to the 2-part question are recoded into 5-categories: 1=yes, a little difficult; 2=yes, a lot; 3=yes, DK; 4=yes, RF; 5=No; 6=doesn't do. Note that there is no "Can't do" category and that "Don't do" is not an option in the instrument. The "Doesn't do" category is likely the result of post-interview interpretation of interview comments so may be observed less frequently than in other waves, simply because of questionnaire differences. The number of "Don’t do" responses is much larger in other waves for most activities. For example, only 16 and 91 say "don’t do" for sitting for 2 hours and climbing several flights of stairs in Wave 2H, but 87 and 736 have this response in Wave 3H, respectively. The specific wording for these activities and the question skips for walking and climbing stairs are the same as in Wave 1. In Wave 2A, the questions are different from other waves and the list of activities is shorter. Also the ADL questions are asked first as a group. The questions about functional difficulties besides ADLs and IADLs ask: Do you have any difficulty ...? little, or a lot of difficulty? problem?

Answers may be yes, no, can’t do and don’t do. [If YES]: Is that a [If DON’T DO to the first question]: Is that because of a health

The specific wording for these activities is: walking several blocks; climbing one flight of stairs without resting; pushing or pulling large objects like a living room chair; lifting or carrying weights over 10 lbs like a heavy bag of groceries; and picking up a dime from the table. If the respondent reports needing help getting across a room earlier in the interview, then the questions about walking several blocks, climbing stairs, and pushing large objects are skipped.

Section B: Health

377

From Wave 3 forward, the questions about ADLs and IADLs are asked after those about the other activities described here. The questions ask: We need to understand difficulties people may have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please tell me whether you have any difficulty doing each of the everyday activities that I read to you. Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. have any difficulty with ...?

Because of a health problem do you

The answers to the difficulty questions are simply yes, no, can't do, or don't do. The exact wording for these activities is: walking several blocks; running or jogging about a mile; across a room; walking one block; sitting for about 2 hours; getting up from a chair after sitting for long periods; climbing several flights of stairs without resting; climbing one flight of stairs without resting; stooping, kneeling, or crouching; reaching or extending your arms above shoulder level; pushing or pulling large objects like a living room chair; lifting or carrying weights over 10 lbs like a heavy bag of groceries; and picking up a dime from the table. If the respondent reports no difficulty to walking several block, then the question about running a mile is asked, and the question about walking one block is skipped. The question about climbing one flight of stairs is skipped if no difficulty is reported for climbing several flights of stairs. Beginning in Wave 7, the interviewer may also say the following if the respondent is in a nursing home or confined to bed or a wheelchair, before asking about these activities: I am required to ask about all of these activities. I realize that you may not be able to do some of them, but I would appreciate it if you would just confirm that with me as we go through the list.

HRS Variables Used AHEAD 1993: B768 B852 B865 B872 B879 B882 HRS 1994: W306 W307 W308 W311 W313 W314 W315 W316 W317 W319 W320 AHEAD 1995: D1834 D1840 D1843 D1846 D1849 D1852 D1855 D1858 D1861 D1864 D1867 HRS 1996:

E33. E47. E48. E49. E50. E51.

ADL WALK HELP EVER WALK SEV BLOCKS ANY DIFFICULTY STAIR CLIMB ANY DIFFICULTY HEAVY OBJ ANY DIFFICULTY LIFT 10 LBS ANY DIFFICULTY PICK UP DIME ANY DIFFICULTY

B4.RUNNING/JOGGING 1 MIL B4a.WALKING SEVERAL BLOC B4b.WALKING ONE BLOCK B4e.GETTING UP AFTER SIT B4g.CLIMBING SEVERAL FLI B4h.CLIMBING ONE FLIGHT B4j.LIFTING OR CARRYING B4k.STOOPING/KNEELING/CR B4m.PICKING UP A DIME B4p.EXTENDING ARMS ABOVE B4q.PULLING/PUSHING LARG E60.DIFF-SEV BLKS E62.DIFF-1 BLK E63.DIFF-SIT E64.DIFF-CHAIR E65.DIFF-STAIRS E66.DIFF-1 STAIR E67.DIFF-STOOP E68.DIFF-REACH E69.DIFF-PULL PUSH E70.E70.DIFF-WEIGHTS E71.PICK DIME

Section B: Health

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

E1858 E1864 E1867 E1870 E1873 E1876 E1879 E1882 E1885 E1888 E1891 1998: F2391 F2394 F2397 F2400 F2403 F2406 F2409 F2412 F2415 F2418 F2421 2000: G2689 G2692 G2695 G2698 G2701 G2704 G2707 G2710 G2713 G2716 G2719 2002: HG001 HG003 HG004 HG005 HG006 HG007 HG008 HG009 HG010 HG011 HG012 2004: JG001 JG003 JG004 JG005 JG006 JG007 JG008 JG009 JG010 JG011 JG012 2006: KG001 KG003 KG004

378

E60.DIFF-SEV BLKS E62.DIFF-1 BLK E63.DIFF-SIT E64.DIFF-CHAIR E65.DIFF-STAIRS E66.DIFF-1 STAIR E67.DIFF-STOOP E68.DIFF-REACH E69.DIFF-PULL PUSH E70.DIFF-WEIGHTS E71.PICK DIME E60.DIFF-SEV BLKS E62.DIFF-1 BLK E63.DIFF-SIT E64.DIFF-CHAIR E65.DIFF-STAIRS E66.DIFF-1 STAIR E67.DIFF-STOOP E68.DIFF-REACH E69.DIFF-PULL PUSH E70.DIFF-WEIGHTS E71.PICK DIME E60.DIFF-SEV BLKS E62.DIFF-1 BLK E63.DIFF-SIT E64.DIFF-CHAIR E65.DIFF-STAIRS E66.DIFF-1 STAIR E67.DIFF-STOOP E68.DIFF-REACH E69.DIFF-PULL PUSH E70.DIFF-WEIGHTS E71.PICK DIME DIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTY-

WALKING SEVERAL BLOCKS WALKING 1 BLOCK SITTING 2 HOURS GETTING UP FROM CHAIR CLIMBING STAIRS CLIMBING 1 FLIGHT OF STAIRS STOOPING REACHING ARMS PULL/PUSH LARGE OBJECTS LIFTING WEIGHTS PICKING UP DIME

DIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTY-

WALKING SEVERAL BLOCKS WALKING 1 BLOCK SITTING 2 HOURS GETTING UP FROM CHAIR CLIMBING STAIRS CLIMBING 1 FLIGHT OF STAIRS STOOPING REACHING ARMS PULL/PUSH LARGE OBJECTS LIFTING WEIGHTS PICKING UP DIME

DIFFICULTY- WALKING SEVERAL BLOCKS DIFFICULTY- WALKING 1 BLOCK DIFFICULTY- SITTING 2 HOURS

Section B: Health

KG005 KG006 KG007 KG008 KG009 KG010 KG011 KG012 HRS 2008: LG001 LG003 LG004 LG005 LG006 LG007 LG008 LG009 LG010 LG011 LG012

379

DIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTY-

GETTING UP FROM CHAIR CLIMBING STAIRS CLIMBING 1 FLIGHT OF STAIRS STOOPING REACHING ARMS PULL/PUSH LARGE OBJECTS LIFTING WEIGHTS PICKING UP DIME

DIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTYDIFFICULTY-

WALKING SEVERAL BLOCKS WALKING 1 BLOCK SITTING 2 HOURS GETTING UP FROM CHAIR CLIMBING STAIRS CLIMBING 1 FLIGHT OF STAIRS STOOPING REACHING ARMS PULL/PUSH LARGE OBJECTS LIFTING WEIGHTS PICKING UP DIME

Section B: Health

380

Other Functional Limitations: Recodes for comparison to Wallace and Herzog Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

R1WALKSW

R1WALKSW:W1 R Any Diff-Walk sev blocks

Categ

1

S1WALKSW

S1WALKSW:W1 S Any Diff-Walk sev blocks

Categ

1

R1WALK1W

R1WALK1W:W1 R Any Diff-Walk one block

Categ

1

S1WALK1W

S1WALK1W:W1 S Any Diff-Walk one block

Categ

1

R1SITW

R1SITW:W1 R Any Diff-Sit for 2 hours

Categ

1

S1SITW

S1SITW:W1 S Any Diff-Sit for 2 hours

Categ

1

R1CHAIRW

R1CHAIRW:W1 R Any Diff-Get up fr chair

Categ

1

S1CHAIRW

S1CHAIRW:W1 S Any Diff-Get up fr chair

Categ

1

R1CLIMSW

R1CLIMSW:W1 R Any Diff-Climb sev flt str

Categ

1

S1CLIMSW

S1CLIMSW:W1 S Any Diff-Climb sev flt str

Categ

1

R1CLIM1W

R1CLIM1W:W1 R Any Diff-Climb 1 flt stair

Categ

1

S1CLIM1W

S1CLIM1W:W1 S Any Diff-Climb 1 flt stair

Categ

1

R1STOOPW

R1STOOPW:W1 R Any Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch

Categ

1

S1STOOPW

S1STOOPW:W1 S Any Diff-Stoop/Kneel/Crouch

Categ

1

R1LIFTW

R1LIFTW:W1 R Any Diff-Lift/carry 10lbs

Categ

1

S1LIFTW

S1LIFTW:W1 S Any Diff-Lift/carry 10lbs

Categ

1

R1DIMEW

R1DIMEW:W1 R Any Diff-Pick up a dime

Categ

1

S1DIMEW

S1DIMEW:W1 S Any Diff-Pick up a dime

Categ

1

R1ARMSW

R1ARMSW:W1 R Any Diff-Reach/xtnd arms up

Categ

1

S1ARMSW

S1ARMSW:W1 S Any Diff-Reach/xtnd arms up

Categ

1

R1PUSHW

R1PUSHW:W1 R Any Diff-Push/pull lg obj

Categ

1

S1PUSHW

S1PUSHW:W1 S Any Diff-Push/pull lg obj

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1WALKSW

12471

0.243

0.429

0.000

1.000

S1WALKSW

9785

0.228

0.420

0.000

1.000

Section B: Health

381

R1WALK1W

12586

0.104

0.306

0.000

1.000

S1WALK1W

9860

0.092

0.290

0.000

1.000

R1SITW

12586

0.289

0.454

0.000

1.000

S1SITW

9852

0.285

0.451

0.000

1.000

R1CHAIRW

12626

0.354

0.478

0.000

1.000

S1CHAIRW

9883

0.345

0.475

0.000

1.000

R1CLIMSW

12352

0.484

0.500

0.000

1.000

S1CLIMSW

9702

0.465

0.499

0.000

1.000

R1CLIM1W

12565

0.178

0.383

0.000

1.000

S1CLIM1W

9848

0.161

0.368

0.000

1.000

R1STOOPW

12579

0.423

0.494

0.000

1.000

S1STOOPW

9857

0.408

0.492

0.000

1.000

R1LIFTW

12523

0.245

0.430

0.000

1.000

S1LIFTW

9817

0.222

0.416

0.000

1.000

R1DIMEW

12643

0.064

0.244

0.000

1.000

S1DIMEW

9894

0.057

0.232

0.000

1.000

R1ARMSW

12636

0.119

0.324

0.000

1.000

S1ARMSW

9890

0.106

0.308

0.000

1.000

R1PUSHW

12489

0.255

0.436

0.000

1.000

S1PUSHW

9794

0.237

0.425

0.000

1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1WALKSW .X=Dont do | 181 0.No | 9441 1.Yes | 3030 Value-------------------------|S1WALKSW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 115 0.No | 7551 1.Yes | 2234 Value-------------------------|R1WALK1W .X=Dont do | 66 0.No | 11271 1.Yes | 1315 Value-------------------------|S1WALK1W .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 40 0.No | 8949

Section B: Health

1.Yes

382

|

911

Value-------------------------| .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

R1SITW 66 8943 3643

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Dont do | 0.No | 1.Yes |

S1SITW 2373 379 48 7049 2803

Value-------------------------|R1CHAIRW .X=Dont do | 26 0.No | 8152 1.Yes | 4474 Value-------------------------|S1CHAIRW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 17 0.No | 6476 1.Yes | 3407 Value-------------------------|R1CLIMSW .X=Dont do | 300 0.No | 6369 1.Yes | 5983 Value-------------------------|S1CLIMSW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 198 0.No | 5188 1.Yes | 4514 Value-------------------------|R1CLIM1W .X=Dont do | 87 0.No | 10323 1.Yes | 2242 Value-------------------------|S1CLIM1W .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 52 0.No | 8259 1.Yes | 1589 Value-------------------------|R1STOOPW .X=Dont do | 73 0.No | 7258 1.Yes | 5321 Value-------------------------|S1STOOPW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 43 0.No | 5832 1.Yes | 4025 Value-------------------------| R1LIFTW .X=Dont do | 129 0.No | 9451 1.Yes | 3072 Value-------------------------| S1LIFTW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 83

Section B: Health

0.No 1.Yes

383

| |

7633 2184

Value-------------------------| R1DIMEW .X=Dont do | 9 0.No | 11836 1.Yes | 807 Value-------------------------| S1DIMEW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 6 0.No | 9330 1.Yes | 564 Value-------------------------| R1ARMSW .X=Dont do | 16 0.No | 11126 1.Yes | 1510 Value-------------------------| S1ARMSW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 10 0.No | 8838 1.Yes | 1052 Value-------------------------| R1PUSHW .X=Dont do | 163 0.No | 9303 1.Yes | 3186 Value-------------------------| S1PUSHW .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .X=Dont do | 106 0.No | 7471 1.Yes | 2323

How Constructed: These functional limitation variables are derived for Wave 1 only. They code a yes/no dummy that indicates "any difficulty" in a manner used by Wallace and Herzog in their paper (Wallace and Herzog, 1995). These variables are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Wallace and Herzog recode the functional limitation variables to 1 for "any difficulty" if the respondent answered "a little difficult", "somewhat difficult" or "very difficult/can't do". A response of "not difficult at all" is recoded to zero. This recoding scheme is applied for these variables to attempt to replicate the results reported in their paper. If a respondent reports no difficulty jogging a mile, then the questions about walking several blocks and walking one block are skipped. In these cases R1WALKSW and R1WALK1W are set to 0 for no difficulty. Similarly if the respondent reports no difficulty walking several blocks or climbing several flights of stairs, then the questions about walking one block or climbing one flight of stairs, respectively, are skipped. In these cases R1WALK1W and R1CLIM1W are set to 0 for no difficulty as appropriate. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported Wave 1 data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. There are several other versions of these variables. One version simply recodes the raw HRS variables. Please see the descriptions of these under "Other Functional Limitations: Raw recodes". Another version recodes a yes/no dummy variable in waves other than Wave 1, but these are not comparable with the Wallace and Herzog recodes. Please see the descriptions of these under " Other Functional Limitations: Some difficulty".

Section B: Health

384

Some of the Wallace and Herzog indices are also derived and include some of these measures in creating functional limitation indices. Please see "Other Summary Indices".

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In all waves questions ask about a number of activities, such as climbing stairs or picking up a dime, but the question wording and possible answers vary. In Waves 1 and 2H questions about activities of daily living (ADLs) are embedded among those about other functional limitations. This description applies to the other functional limitations. The Wave 1 questions ask: We are interested in how much difficulty people have with various activities because of a health or physical problem. Please look at the answer categories at the top of page one of the booklet and tell me how difficult each activity is for you. Exclude any difficulties that you expect to last less than three months. How difficult is it for you to [...]? Is it not at all difficult, a little difficult, somewhat difficult, very difficult, or something that you can't do at all? The respondent can also answer "Don't do". The answers translate into 4 codes: 1 for not at all difficult, 2 for a little difficult, 3 for somewhat difficult, and 4 for very difficult/can't do. Another code is used for the "Don't do" response. The first question asks how difficult it is to run or jog a mile. The specific wording for the other functional limitations (besides ADLs) is: walk several blocks; walk one block; sit for about 2 hours; get up from a chair after sitting for long periods; climb several flights of stairs without resting; climb one flight of stairs without resting; lift or carry weights over 10 lbs like a heavy bag of groceries; stoop, kneel, or crouch; pick up a dime from the table; reach or extend your arms above shoulder level; and push or pull large objects like a living room chair. If the respondent says s/he has no difficulty with running a mile, then all the questions about walking, including several blocks, one block, and across a room, are skipped. If no difficulty is reported for walking several blocks then the questions about walking one block or across a room are skipped, and if no difficulty is reported for walking one block, the question about walking across a room is skipped. Likewise if no difficulty climbing several flights of stairs is reported, the question about climbing one flight of stairs is skipped. Note that these variables are only derived for Wave 1. In subsequent waves, the question wording and possible answers are sufficiently different that the levels of Wave 1 codes cannot be derived from the data.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V305 V306 V308 V309 V311 V312 V313 V314 V315 V317 V318

B4B:WALK SEVERAL BLO:IMP B4C:WALK 1 BLOCK :IMP B4E:SIT FOR 2 HOURS :IMP B4F:GET UP AFTR SIT :IMP B4H:CLMB SVRL FLTS S:IMP B4J:1 FLT STAIRS-NO :IMP B4K:LIFT/CARRY 10 LB:IMP B4M:STOOP/KNEEL/CROU:IMP B4N:PCK UP DIME FRM :IMP B4Q:ARMS OVER SHOULD:IMP B4R:PULL/PUSH LRG OB:IMP

Section B: Health

385

ADL Summary: sum ADLs where respondent reports any difficulty Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2ADLA R3ADLA R4ADLA R5ADLA R6ADLA R7ADLA R8ADLA R9ADLA

R2ADLA:W2 R3ADLA:W3 R4ADLA:W4 R5ADLA:W5 R6ADLA:W6 R7ADLA:W7 R8ADLA:W8 R9ADLA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2ADLA S3ADLA S4ADLA S5ADLA S6ADLA S7ADLA S8ADLA S9ADLA

S2ADLA:W2 S3ADLA:W3 S4ADLA:W4 S5ADLA:W5 S6ADLA:W6 S7ADLA:W7 S8ADLA:W8 S9ADLA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs Diff-ADLs

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2ADLWA R3ADLWA R4ADLWA R5ADLWA R6ADLWA R7ADLWA R8ADLWA R9ADLWA

R2ADLWA:W2 R3ADLWA:W3 R4ADLWA:W4 R5ADLWA:W5 R6ADLWA:W6 R7ADLWA:W7 R8ADLWA:W8 R9ADLWA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace

/0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2ADLWA S3ADLWA S4ADLWA S5ADLWA S6ADLWA S7ADLWA S8ADLWA S9ADLWA

S2ADLWA:W2 S3ADLWA:W3 S4ADLWA:W4 S5ADLWA:W5 S6ADLWA:W6 S7ADLWA:W7 S8ADLWA:W8 S9ADLWA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace Diff-ADLs:Wallace

/0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

R1ADLW

R1ADLW:W1 Any Diff-ADLs /0-5

Cont

1

S1ADLW

S1ADLW:W1 Any Diff-ADLs /0-5

Cont

1

R1ADLWW

R1ADLWW:W1 Any Diff-ADLs:Wallace /0-3

Cont

1

S1ADLWW

S1ADLWW:W1 Any Diff-ADLs:Wallace /0-3

Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable R2ADLA R3ADLA R4ADLA R5ADLA

N 19641 17952 21356 19555

Mean 0.233 0.367 0.369 0.376

Std Dev 0.741 0.976 0.989 0.995

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

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386

R6ADLA R7ADLA R8ADLA R9ADLA

18160 20119 18460 17208

0.387 0.360 0.393 0.399

1.011 0.979 1.015 1.031

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S2ADLA S3ADLA S4ADLA S5ADLA S6ADLA S7ADLA S8ADLA S9ADLA

13087 11902 13971 12725 11638 12971 11734 10644

0.161 0.255 0.256 0.261 0.259 0.241 0.273 0.257

0.611 0.801 0.811 0.814 0.816 0.795 0.838 0.803

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

R2ADLWA R3ADLWA R4ADLWA R5ADLWA R6ADLWA R7ADLWA R8ADLWA R9ADLWA

19640 17950 21356 19555 18159 20118 18460 17208

0.115 0.218 0.223 0.227 0.232 0.217 0.236 0.241

0.436 0.618 0.628 0.630 0.640 0.620 0.642 0.651

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S2ADLWA S3ADLWA S4ADLWA S5ADLWA S6ADLWA S7ADLWA S8ADLWA S9ADLWA

13086 11902 13971 12725 11638 12971 11734 10644

0.076 0.152 0.157 0.158 0.155 0.146 0.164 0.157

0.355 0.509 0.523 0.518 0.518 0.506 0.532 0.516

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R1ADLW

12650

0.201

0.697

0.000

5.000

S1ADLW

9898

0.168

0.631

0.000

5.000

R1ADLWW

12648

0.082

0.383

0.000

3.000

S1ADLWW

9897

0.066

0.346

0.000

3.000

How Constructed: Two Activities of Daily Living (ADL) summaries were derived beginning in Wave 2. One uses the ADLs proposed Wallace and Herzog in their paper (Wallace and Herzog, 1995) to define an ADL summary (RwADLWA): bathe, dress, and eat. The second includes these and adds getting in/out of bed and walking across a room (RwADLA). In all waves the "some difficulty" versions of the individual measures are used to construct these measures, i.e., RwWALKRA, RwBEDA, RwBATHA, RwDRESSA, and RwEATA. Each limitation adds one to the summary measure, that is: RwADLWA = sum (RwBATHA, RwDRESSA, RwEATA) RwADLA = sum (RwBATHA, RwDRESSA, RwEATA, RwBEDA, RwWALKRA) Please see "Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Some difficulty" for a description of how the individual 0/1 variables (Rw[adl]A) are constructed. Note that neither of these summary measures includes RwTOILTA, which was not available for Wave 2H respondents. Because of significant differences in question wording in Wave 1, we do not include these variables for this interview year. There are other cross wave differences in the way HRS presented these questions in Wave 2H and 2A and the later waves, that may introduce measurement errors in these variables. In addition the criteria used for skipping some questions changed between Wave 3 and

Section B: Health

387

later waves, which may also influence the consistency of measurement before Wave 4 for all ADLs except dressing. For Wave 1 an alternate version of each measure is derived. R1ADLWW is analogous to RwADLWA and R1ADLW is analogous to RwADLA. These measures use the variables recoded for comparison to Wallace and Herzog and are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Each limitation adds one to the summary measure, that is: R1ADLWW = sum (R1BATHW, R1DRESSW, R1EATW) R1ADLWA = sum (R1BATHW, R1DRESSW, R1EATW, R1BEDW, R1WALKRW) Please see "Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Recodes for Comparison to Wallace and Herzog" for a description of how these 0/1 variables (Rw[adl]W) are constructed. Note that the Wallace and Herzog variables result in more limitation than the 0/1 recodes for other waves (Rw[adl]A) solely due to measurement differences in the raw data. The R1ADLWW and R1ADLWA variables are not appropriate for comparison to the RwADLA and RwADLWA variables in other waves. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported wave 'w' data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. See also IADL Summary and Other Summary Indices.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Please see "Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data" for the "Activities of daily living (ADLs): Some difficulty".

Section B: Health

388

IADL Summary: sum IADLs where respondent reports any difficulty Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

R1IADLWW

R1IADLWW:W1 Any Diff-IADLs:Wallace /0-3

Cont

1

S1IADLWW

S1IADLWW:W1 Any Diff-IADLs:Wallace /0-3

Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2IADLA R3IADLA R4IADLA R5IADLA R6IADLA R7IADLA R8IADLA R9IADLA

R2IADLA:W2 R3IADLA:W3 R4IADLA:W4 R5IADLA:W5 R6IADLA:W6 R7IADLA:W7 R8IADLA:W8 R9IADLA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs:

W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2

Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards

/0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2IADLA S3IADLA S4IADLA S5IADLA S6IADLA S7IADLA S8IADLA S9IADLA

S2IADLA:W2 S3IADLA:W3 S4IADLA:W4 S5IADLA:W5 S6IADLA:W6 S7IADLA:W7 S8IADLA:W8 S9IADLA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs:

W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2

Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards

/0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2IADLZA R3IADLZA R4IADLZA R5IADLZA R6IADLZA R7IADLZA R8IADLZA R9IADLZA

R2IADLZA:W2 R3IADLZA:W3 R4IADLZA:W4 R5IADLZA:W5 R6IADLZA:W6 R7IADLZA:W7 R8IADLZA:W8 R9IADLZA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs:

W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2

Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2IADLZA S3IADLZA S4IADLZA S5IADLZA S6IADLZA S7IADLZA S8IADLZA S9IADLZA

S2IADLZA:W2 S3IADLZA:W3 S4IADLZA:W4 S5IADLZA:W5 S6IADLZA:W6 S7IADLZA:W7 S8IADLZA:W8 S9IADLZA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs: Diff-IADLs:

W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2 W2

Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards Onwards

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1IADLWW

12533

0.522

0.768

0.000

3.000

S1IADLWW

9834

0.501

0.753

0.000

3.000

R2IADLA R3IADLA R4IADLA R5IADLA

19638 17948 21347 19550

0.142 0.160 0.157 0.162

0.494 0.545 0.546 0.556

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Section B: Health

389

R6IADLA R7IADLA R8IADLA R9IADLA

18158 20115 18457 17204

0.178 0.163 0.177 0.185

0.582 0.553 0.579 0.593

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S2IADLA S3IADLA S4IADLA S5IADLA S6IADLA S7IADLA S8IADLA S9IADLA

13084 11900 13968 12722 11638 12969 11731 10641

0.115 0.109 0.108 0.103 0.110 0.103 0.113 0.114

0.435 0.451 0.449 0.434 0.453 0.435 0.456 0.456

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R2IADLZA R3IADLZA R4IADLZA R5IADLZA R6IADLZA R7IADLZA R8IADLZA R9IADLZA

8221 17951 21348 19551 18159 20116 18459 17205

0.462 0.334 0.327 0.337 0.363 0.334 0.363 0.371

1.085 0.954 0.952 0.979 1.016 0.955 1.005 1.018

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S2IADLZA S3IADLZA S4IADLZA S5IADLZA S6IADLZA S7IADLZA S8IADLZA S9IADLZA

4348 11902 13969 12723 11638 12970 11733 10641

0.362 0.221 0.219 0.217 0.221 0.210 0.236 0.229

0.976 0.770 0.769 0.767 0.777 0.735 0.790 0.769

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

How Constructed: Several attempt in each for all

summary measures for Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) are included in an to provide some consistency across waves. The HRS data does not include the same activities wave. The most frequently available IADL-like activity is using a map which is available waves except Wave 2A.

The usual IADLs were not asked until Wave 2. In Wave 1 there are measures like reading a map, using a calculator, and using a microwave that may serve this purpose. These are the activities that are assumed to have been used by Wallace and Herzog in their paper (Wallace and Herzog, 1995). Using a calculator appears in Wave 2H but is then dropped in Wave 2A and from Wave 3 on. Using a microwave is only asked in Wave 1. This summary measure is included for Wave 1 as R1IADLWW. R1IADLWW uses the variables recoded for comparison to Wallace and Herzog and is provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Each limitation adds one to the summary measure, that is: R1IADLWW = sum (R1MAPW, R1CALCW, R1MCWVW) Please "Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): Recodes for Comparison to Wallace and Herzog" for a description of how the individual variables for R1IADLWW are derived. Two other IADL summary measures are included. One (RwIADLA) summarizes the commonly used IADLs available from Wave 2 forward, using the phone, managing money, and taking medications. The second (RwIADLZA) summarizes these tasks and adds commonly used IADLs available in Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, shopping for groceries and preparing hot meals. All of these summary measures use the "some difficulty" versions of the individual items. Each limitation adds one to the summary measure, that is: RwIADLA = sum (RwPHONEA, RwMONEYA, RwMEDSA); w=2,3,4,5 RwIADLZA = sum (RwPHONEA, RwMONEYA, RwMEDSA, RwSHOPA, RwMEALA); w=2,3,4,5

Section B: Health

R2IADLZA is available only for Ahead respondents in Wave 2 (2A). set to .Q to indicate that this measure is not available.

390

For HRS respondents R2IADLZA is

Please see "Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): Some difficulty" for a description of how the individual 0/1 variables are constructed. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported wave 'w' data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. See also ADL Summary and Other Summary Indices.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Please see "Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data" for the "Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs): Some difficulty".

Section B: Health

391

Other Summary Indices: Mobility, Large Muscle, Gross Fine Motor Activities Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2MOBILA R3MOBILA R4MOBILA R5MOBILA R6MOBILA R7MOBILA R8MOBILA R9MOBILA

R2MOBILA:W2 R3MOBILA:W3 R4MOBILA:W4 R5MOBILA:W5 R6MOBILA:W6 R7MOBILA:W7 R8MOBILA:W8 R9MOBILA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2MOBILA S3MOBILA S4MOBILA S5MOBILA S6MOBILA S7MOBILA S8MOBILA S9MOBILA

S2MOBILA:W2 S3MOBILA:W3 S4MOBILA:W4 S5MOBILA:W5 S6MOBILA:W6 S7MOBILA:W7 S8MOBILA:W8 S9MOBILA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility Diff-Mobility

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2LGMUSA R3LGMUSA R4LGMUSA R5LGMUSA R6LGMUSA R7LGMUSA R8LGMUSA R9LGMUSA

R2LGMUSA:W2 R3LGMUSA:W3 R4LGMUSA:W4 R5LGMUSA:W5 R6LGMUSA:W6 R7LGMUSA:W7 R8LGMUSA:W8 R9LGMUSA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large

Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle

/0-4 /0-4 /0-4 /0-4 /0-4 /0-4 /0-4 /0-4

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2LGMUSA S3LGMUSA S4LGMUSA S5LGMUSA S6LGMUSA S7LGMUSA S8LGMUSA S9LGMUSA

S2LGMUSA:W2 S3LGMUSA:W3 S4LGMUSA:W4 S5LGMUSA:W5 S6LGMUSA:W6 S7LGMUSA:W7 S8LGMUSA:W8 S9LGMUSA:W9

Some Some Some Some Some Some Some Some

Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large Diff-Large

Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle

/0-4 /0-4 /0-4 /0-4 /0-4 /0-4 /0-4 /0-4

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2GROSSA R3GROSSA R4GROSSA R5GROSSA R6GROSSA R7GROSSA R8GROSSA R9GROSSA

R2GROSSA:W2 R3GROSSA:W3 R4GROSSA:W4 R5GROSSA:W5 R6GROSSA:W6 R7GROSSA:W7 R8GROSSA:W8 R9GROSSA:W9

Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7

S2GROSSA S3GROSSA S4GROSSA S5GROSSA S6GROSSA S7GROSSA

S2GROSSA:W2 S3GROSSA:W3 S4GROSSA:W4 S5GROSSA:W5 S6GROSSA:W6 S7GROSSA:W7

Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Section B: Health

392

8 9

S8GROSSA S9GROSSA

S8GROSSA:W8 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5 S9GROSSA:W9 Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/0-5

Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2FINEA R3FINEA R4FINEA R5FINEA R6FINEA R7FINEA R8FINEA R9FINEA

R2FINEA:W2 R3FINEA:W3 R4FINEA:W4 R5FINEA:W5 R6FINEA:W6 R7FINEA:W7 R8FINEA:W8 R9FINEA:W9

Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress

/0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FINEA S3FINEA S4FINEA S5FINEA S6FINEA S7FINEA S8FINEA S9FINEA

S2FINEA:W2 S3FINEA:W3 S4FINEA:W4 S5FINEA:W5 S6FINEA:W6 S7FINEA:W7 S8FINEA:W8 S9FINEA:W9

Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress Dime/Eat/Dress

/0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

R1MOBILW

R1MOBILW:W1 Any Diff-Mobility /0-5

Cont

1

S1MOBILW

S1MOBILW:W1 Any Diff-Mobility /0-5

Cont

1

R1LGMUSW

R1LGMUSW:W1 Any Diff-Large Muscle /0-4

Cont

1

S1LGMUSW

S1LGMUSW:W1 Any Diff-Large Muscle /0-4

Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2MOBILA R3MOBILA R4MOBILA R5MOBILA R6MOBILA R7MOBILA R8MOBILA R9MOBILA

11407 17944 21352 19542 18153 20107 18454 17205

0.693 1.010 1.015 1.065 1.158 1.110 1.210 1.219

1.196 1.444 1.457 1.489 1.517 1.493 1.543 1.546

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S2MOBILA S3MOBILA S4MOBILA S5MOBILA S6MOBILA S7MOBILA S8MOBILA S9MOBILA

8729 11900 13970 12723 11636 12968 11733 10645

0.618 0.832 0.833 0.882 0.952 0.907 0.990 0.982

1.121 1.310 1.318 1.354 1.378 1.353 1.404 1.388

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

R2LGMUSA R3LGMUSA R4LGMUSA R5LGMUSA R6LGMUSA R7LGMUSA R8LGMUSA R9LGMUSA

11419 17946 21345 19545 18153 20102 18457 17203

1.065 1.176 1.174 1.204 1.304 1.261 1.356 1.342

1.278 1.312 1.310 1.311 1.321 1.322 1.341 1.329

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

Section B: Health

393

S2LGMUSA S3LGMUSA S4LGMUSA S5LGMUSA S6LGMUSA S7LGMUSA S8LGMUSA S9LGMUSA

8738 11899 13964 12723 11637 12962 11732 10642

0.996 1.070 1.061 1.093 1.176 1.142 1.217 1.200

1.232 1.277 1.270 1.266 1.281 1.284 1.299 1.281

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R2GROSSA R3GROSSA R4GROSSA R5GROSSA R6GROSSA R7GROSSA R8GROSSA R9GROSSA

11420 17954 21359 19555 18160 20118 18462 17209

0.274 0.520 0.527 0.551 0.585 0.553 0.599 0.610

0.829 1.128 1.150 1.168 1.192 1.157 1.198 1.207

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S2GROSSA S3GROSSA S4GROSSA S5GROSSA S6GROSSA S7GROSSA S8GROSSA S9GROSSA

8739 11904 13972 12725 11638 12970 11734 10645

0.229 0.375 0.381 0.399 0.415 0.391 0.432 0.421

0.751 0.952 0.969 0.986 0.997 0.971 1.014 0.987

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

R2FINEA R3FINEA R4FINEA R5FINEA R6FINEA R7FINEA R8FINEA R9FINEA

19641 17953 21356 19555 18159 20119 18461 17208

0.128 0.216 0.211 0.219 0.221 0.209 0.233 0.236

0.425 0.571 0.567 0.574 0.575 0.557 0.590 0.591

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S2FINEA S3FINEA S4FINEA S5FINEA S6FINEA S7FINEA S8FINEA S9FINEA

13087 11903 13971 12725 11638 12971 11734 10644

0.094 0.164 0.160 0.166 0.160 0.152 0.176 0.168

0.358 0.495 0.489 0.495 0.484 0.470 0.513 0.488

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R1MOBILW

12641

1.037

1.358

0.000

5.000

S1MOBILW

9891

0.971

1.310

0.000

5.000

R1LGMUSW

12649

1.314

1.336

0.000

4.000

S1LGMUSW

9897

1.269

1.309

0.000

4.000

How Constructed: Several summary measures for functional limitations are included in an attempt to provide some consistency across waves. Wallace and Herzog present summary measures in their paper (Wallace and Herzog, 1995) which include measures for ADLs, mobility, large muscle, and IADLs. For ADL and IADL summary measures, please see "ADL Summary" and "IADL Summary". The mobility and large muscle indices are included here. After examining individual measures, two groupings of the most consistent cross wave measures were added, gross and fine motor summaries.

Section B: Health

394

The large muscle index uses the sitting for 2 hrs, getting up from a chair, stooping, kneeling or crouching, and pushing or pulling large objects activities. The mobility index uses the walking one block, walking several blocks, walking across a room, climbing one flight of stairs, and climbing several flights of stairs activities. The fine motor index uses the picking up a dime, eating, and dressing activities. The gross motor index uses the walking one block, walking across a room, climbing one flight of stairs, getting in or out of bed, and bathing activities. In all waves the "some difficulty" versions of the individual measures are used to construct these measures. Each limitation adds one to the summary measure, that is: RwMOBILA= sum (RwWALKSA, RwWALK1A, RwWALKRA, RwCLIMSA, RwCLIM1A) RwLGMUSA= sum (RwSITA, RwCHAIRA, RwSTOOPA, RwPUSHA) RwGROSSA= sum (RwWALK1A, RwWALKRA, RwCLIM1A, RwBEDA, RwBATHA) RwFINEA= sum (RwDIMEA, RwEATA, RwDRESSA) In Wave 2A, there is no R2WALK1A for R2GROSSA so we set .Q to R2GROSSA. In Wave 2A, there are no R2WALK1A and R2CLIMSA so we set R2MOBILA and R2GROSSA to .Q for Ahead respondents in Wave 2. Also there are no R2SITA, R2CHAIRA and R2STOOPA so we set R2LGMUSA to .Q as well. Please see "Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Some difficulty" for a description of how RwWALKRA, RwBEDA, RwBATHA, RwEATA, and RwDRESSA are derived. Please see "Other Functional Limitations: Some difficulty" for a description of how the other individual 0/1 variables are constructed. For Wave 1 only alternate versions of two of these measures are derived. R1MOBILW is analogous to RwMOBILA and R1LGMUSW is analogous to RwLGMUSA. These measures use the variables recoded for comparison to Wallace and Herzog and are provided for comparison to the results found in that paper. Each limitation adds one to the summary measure, that is: R1MOBILW= sum (R1WALKSW, R1WALK1W, R1WALKRW, R1CLIMSW, R1CLIM1W) R1LGMUSW= sum (R1SITW, R1CHAIRW, R1STOOPW, R1PUSHW) Please see "Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Recodes for Comparison to Wallace and Herzog" for a description of how RwWALKRW is derived. Please see "Other Functional Limitations: Recodes for Comparison to Wallace and Herzog" for how the other individual 0/1 variables are constructed. The spouse variables are taken from the spouse's self-reported wave 'w' data. If R is not married, spouse variables are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then the variables are set to .V=Spouse is non-response.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 2A, there are no R2WALK1A and R2CLIMSA so we set R2MOBILA and R2GROSSA to .Q for Ahead respondents in Wave 2. Also there are no R2SITA, R2CHAIRA and R2STOOPA so we set R2LGMUSA to .Q as well. Please see "Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data" for the "Activities of daily living (ADLs): Some difficulty" and for "Other Functional Limitations: Some difficulty".

Section B: Health

395

Mental health (CESD score) Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

R1DEPREX

R1DEPREX:W1 CESD: Felt depressed-raw

Categ

1

S1DEPREX

S1DEPREX:W1 CESD: Felt depressed-raw

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2DEPRES R3DEPRES R4DEPRES R5DEPRES R6DEPRES R7DEPRES R8DEPRES R9DEPRES

R2DEPRES:W2 R3DEPRES:W3 R4DEPRES:W4 R5DEPRES:W5 R6DEPRES:W6 R7DEPRES:W7 R8DEPRES:W8 R9DEPRES:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt

depressed depressed depressed depressed depressed depressed depressed depressed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2DEPRES S3DEPRES S4DEPRES S5DEPRES S6DEPRES S7DEPRES S8DEPRES S9DEPRES

S2DEPRES:W2 S3DEPRES:W3 S4DEPRES:W4 S5DEPRES:W5 S6DEPRES:W6 S7DEPRES:W7 S8DEPRES:W8 S9DEPRES:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt

depressed depressed depressed depressed depressed depressed depressed depressed

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

R1EFFORX

R1EFFORX:W1 CESD: Everything an effort-raw

Categ

1

S1EFFORX

S1EFFORX:W1 CESD: Everything an effort-raw

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2EFFORT R3EFFORT R4EFFORT R5EFFORT R6EFFORT R7EFFORT R8EFFORT R9EFFORT

R2EFFORT:W2 R3EFFORT:W3 R4EFFORT:W4 R5EFFORT:W5 R6EFFORT:W6 R7EFFORT:W7 R8EFFORT:W8 R9EFFORT:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Everything Everything Everything Everything Everything Everything Everything Everything

an an an an an an an an

effort effort effort effort effort effort effort effort

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2EFFORT S3EFFORT S4EFFORT S5EFFORT S6EFFORT S7EFFORT S8EFFORT S9EFFORT

S2EFFORT:W2 S3EFFORT:W3 S4EFFORT:W4 S5EFFORT:W5 S6EFFORT:W6 S7EFFORT:W7 S8EFFORT:W8 S9EFFORT:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Everything Everything Everything Everything Everything Everything Everything Everything

an an an an an an an an

effort effort effort effort effort effort effort effort

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

R1SLEEPX

R1SLEEPX:W1 CESD: Sleep was restless-raw

Categ

1

S1SLEEPX

S1SLEEPX:W1 CESD: Sleep was restless-raw

Categ

2 3 4

R2SLEEPR R3SLEEPR R4SLEEPR

R2SLEEPR:W2 CESD: Sleep was restless R3SLEEPR:W3 CESD: Sleep was restless R4SLEEPR:W4 CESD: Sleep was restless

Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

396

5 6 7 8 9

R5SLEEPR R6SLEEPR R7SLEEPR R8SLEEPR R9SLEEPR

R5SLEEPR:W5 R6SLEEPR:W6 R7SLEEPR:W7 R8SLEEPR:W8 R9SLEEPR:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep

was was was was was

restless restless restless restless restless

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2SLEEPR S3SLEEPR S4SLEEPR S5SLEEPR S6SLEEPR S7SLEEPR S8SLEEPR S9SLEEPR

S2SLEEPR:W2 S3SLEEPR:W3 S4SLEEPR:W4 S5SLEEPR:W5 S6SLEEPR:W6 S7SLEEPR:W7 S8SLEEPR:W8 S9SLEEPR:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep

was was was was was was was was

restless restless restless restless restless restless restless restless

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

R1WHAPPX

R1WHAPPX:W1 CESD: Was happy-raw

Categ

1

S1WHAPPX

S1WHAPPX:W1 CESD: Was happy-raw

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2WHAPPY R3WHAPPY R4WHAPPY R5WHAPPY R6WHAPPY R7WHAPPY R8WHAPPY R9WHAPPY

R2WHAPPY:W2 R3WHAPPY:W3 R4WHAPPY:W4 R5WHAPPY:W5 R6WHAPPY:W6 R7WHAPPY:W7 R8WHAPPY:W8 R9WHAPPY:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Was Was Was Was Was Was Was Was

happy happy happy happy happy happy happy happy

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2WHAPPY S3WHAPPY S4WHAPPY S5WHAPPY S6WHAPPY S7WHAPPY S8WHAPPY S9WHAPPY

S2WHAPPY:W2 S3WHAPPY:W3 S4WHAPPY:W4 S5WHAPPY:W5 S6WHAPPY:W6 S7WHAPPY:W7 S8WHAPPY:W8 S9WHAPPY:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Was Was Was Was Was Was Was Was

happy happy happy happy happy happy happy happy

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

R1FLONEX

R1FLONEX:W1 CESD: Felt lonely-raw

Categ

1

S1FLONEX

S1FLONEX:W1 CESD: Felt lonely-raw

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2FLONE R3FLONE R4FLONE R5FLONE R6FLONE R7FLONE R8FLONE R9FLONE

R2FLONE:W2 R3FLONE:W3 R4FLONE:W4 R5FLONE:W5 R6FLONE:W6 R7FLONE:W7 R8FLONE:W8 R9FLONE:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt

lonely lonely lonely lonely lonely lonely lonely lonely

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

S2FLONE S3FLONE S4FLONE S5FLONE S6FLONE S7FLONE S8FLONE

S2FLONE:W2 S3FLONE:W3 S4FLONE:W4 S5FLONE:W5 S6FLONE:W6 S7FLONE:W7 S8FLONE:W8

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt

lonely lonely lonely lonely lonely lonely lonely

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

397

9

S9FLONE

S9FLONE:W9 CESD: Felt lonely

Categ

1

R1FSADX

R1FSADX:W1 CESD: Felt sad-raw

Categ

1

S1FSADX

S1FSADX:W1 CESD: Felt sad-raw

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2FSAD R3FSAD R4FSAD R5FSAD R6FSAD R7FSAD R8FSAD R9FSAD

R2FSAD:W2 R3FSAD:W3 R4FSAD:W4 R5FSAD:W5 R6FSAD:W6 R7FSAD:W7 R8FSAD:W8 R9FSAD:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt

sad sad sad sad sad sad sad sad

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FSAD S3FSAD S4FSAD S5FSAD S6FSAD S7FSAD S8FSAD S9FSAD

S2FSAD:W2 S3FSAD:W3 S4FSAD:W4 S5FSAD:W5 S6FSAD:W6 S7FSAD:W7 S8FSAD:W8 S9FSAD:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt Felt

sad sad sad sad sad sad sad sad

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

R1GOINGX

R1GOINGX:W1 CESD: Could not get going -raw

Categ

1

S1GOINGX

S1GOINGX:W1 CESD: Could not get going -raw

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2GOING R3GOING R4GOING R5GOING R6GOING R7GOING R8GOING R9GOING

R2GOING:W2 R3GOING:W3 R4GOING:W4 R5GOING:W5 R6GOING:W6 R7GOING:W7 R8GOING:W8 R9GOING:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Could Could Could Could Could Could Could Could

not not not not not not not not

get get get get get get get get

going going going going going going going going

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2GOING S3GOING S4GOING S5GOING S6GOING S7GOING S8GOING S9GOING

S2GOING:W2 S3GOING:W3 S4GOING:W4 S5GOING:W5 S6GOING:W6 S7GOING:W7 S8GOING:W8 S9GOING:W9

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Could Could Could Could Could Could Could Could

not not not not not not not not

get get get get get get get get

going going going going going going going going

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

R1ENLIFX

R1ENLIFX:W1 CESD: Enjoyed life -raw

Categ

1

S1ENLIFX

S1ENLIFX:W1 CESD: Enjoyed life -raw

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R2ENLIFE R3ENLIFE R4ENLIFE R5ENLIFE R6ENLIFE R7ENLIFE R8ENLIFE

R2ENLIFE:W2 R3ENLIFE:W3 R4ENLIFE:W4 R5ENLIFE:W5 R6ENLIFE:W6 R7ENLIFE:W7 R8ENLIFE:W8

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed

life life life life life life life

Section B: Health

398

9

R9ENLIFE

R9ENLIFE:W9 CESD: Enjoyed life

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2ENLIFE S3ENLIFE S4ENLIFE S5ENLIFE S6ENLIFE S7ENLIFE S8ENLIFE S9ENLIFE

S2ENLIFE:W2 S3ENLIFE:W3 S4ENLIFE:W4 S5ENLIFE:W5 S6ENLIFE:W6 S7ENLIFE:W7 S8ENLIFE:W8 S9ENLIFE:W9

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2CESD R3CESD R4CESD R5CESD R6CESD R7CESD R8CESD R9CESD

R2CESD:W2 R3CESD:W3 R4CESD:W4 R5CESD:W5 R6CESD:W6 R7CESD:W7 R8CESD:W8 R9CESD:W9

CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD

score score score score score score score score

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2CESD S3CESD S4CESD S5CESD S6CESD S7CESD S8CESD S9CESD

S2CESD:W2 S3CESD:W3 S4CESD:W4 S5CESD:W5 S6CESD:W6 S7CESD:W7 S8CESD:W8 S9CESD:W9

CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD

score score score score score score score score

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1CESDM R2CESDM R3CESDM R4CESDM R5CESDM R6CESDM R7CESDM R8CESDM R9CESDM

R1CESDM:W1 R2CESDM:W2 R3CESDM:W3 R4CESDM:W4 R5CESDM:W5 R6CESDM:W6 R7CESDM:W7 R8CESDM:W8 R9CESDM:W9

missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings

in in in in in in in in in

CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD

score score score score score score score score score

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CESDM S2CESDM S3CESDM S4CESDM S5CESDM S6CESDM S7CESDM S8CESDM S9CESDM

S1CESDM:W1 S2CESDM:W2 S3CESDM:W3 S4CESDM:W4 S5CESDM:W5 S6CESDM:W6 S7CESDM:W7 S8CESDM:W8 S9CESDM:W9

missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings

in in in in in in in in in

CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD CESD

score score score score score score score score score

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD: CESD:

Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoyed

life life life life life life life life

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1DEPREX

12652

3.626

0.659

1.000

4.000

S1DEPREX

9900

3.668

0.618

1.000

4.000

Section B: Health

399

R2DEPRES R3DEPRES R4DEPRES R5DEPRES R6DEPRES R7DEPRES R8DEPRES R9DEPRES

18058 16339 19318 17503 16112 18271 17184 16067

0.180 0.159 0.175 0.179 0.175 0.161 0.167 0.132

0.384 0.365 0.380 0.383 0.380 0.368 0.373 0.339

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2DEPRES S3DEPRES S4DEPRES S5DEPRES S6DEPRES S7DEPRES S8DEPRES S9DEPRES

11934 10797 12563 11316 10271 11734 10931 9985

0.145 0.127 0.144 0.141 0.140 0.130 0.133 0.104

0.352 0.333 0.351 0.348 0.347 0.336 0.339 0.305

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1EFFORX

12652

3.454

0.836

1.000

4.000

S1EFFORX

9900

3.499

0.802

1.000

4.000

R2EFFORT R3EFFORT R4EFFORT R5EFFORT R6EFFORT R7EFFORT R8EFFORT R9EFFORT

18041 16332 19318 17501 16112 18262 17166 16055

0.241 0.223 0.263 0.240 0.258 0.246 0.263 0.228

0.428 0.416 0.440 0.427 0.438 0.431 0.440 0.419

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2EFFORT S3EFFORT S4EFFORT S5EFFORT S6EFFORT S7EFFORT S8EFFORT S9EFFORT

11932 10796 12557 11317 10275 11730 10927 9980

0.208 0.193 0.235 0.212 0.224 0.215 0.232 0.194

0.406 0.395 0.424 0.408 0.417 0.411 0.422 0.396

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1SLEEPX

12652

3.328

0.842

1.000

4.000

S1SLEEPX

9900

3.355

0.814

1.000

4.000

R2SLEEPR R3SLEEPR R4SLEEPR R5SLEEPR R6SLEEPR R7SLEEPR R8SLEEPR R9SLEEPR

18060 16347 19322 17506 16110 18269 17189 16067

0.310 0.276 0.347 0.333 0.280 0.291 0.295 0.323

0.463 0.447 0.476 0.471 0.449 0.454 0.456 0.468

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2SLEEPR S3SLEEPR S4SLEEPR S5SLEEPR S6SLEEPR S7SLEEPR S8SLEEPR S9SLEEPR

11931 10802 12561 11317 10270 11733 10936 9985

0.285 0.258 0.329 0.316 0.262 0.270 0.274 0.306

0.452 0.438 0.470 0.465 0.440 0.444 0.446 0.461

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1WHAPPX

12652

1.906

0.801

1.000

4.000

Section B: Health

400

S1WHAPPX

9900

1.855

0.772

1.000

4.000

R2WHAPPY R3WHAPPY R4WHAPPY R5WHAPPY R6WHAPPY R7WHAPPY R8WHAPPY R9WHAPPY

18031 16325 19316 17495 16096 18227 17156 16058

0.882 0.888 0.865 0.874 0.873 0.868 0.865 0.865

0.322 0.315 0.342 0.332 0.333 0.338 0.342 0.342

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2WHAPPY S3WHAPPY S4WHAPPY S5WHAPPY S6WHAPPY S7WHAPPY S8WHAPPY S9WHAPPY

11920 10790 12558 11311 10268 11712 10917 9983

0.904 0.908 0.890 0.895 0.898 0.890 0.892 0.891

0.294 0.289 0.313 0.306 0.303 0.312 0.311 0.311

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1FLONEX

12652

3.696

0.621

1.000

4.000

S1FLONEX

9900

3.776

0.527

1.000

4.000

R2FLONE R3FLONE R4FLONE R5FLONE R6FLONE R7FLONE R8FLONE R9FLONE

18065 16342 19322 17503 16110 18271 17183 16064

0.157 0.159 0.179 0.184 0.182 0.175 0.177 0.161

0.363 0.366 0.383 0.388 0.386 0.380 0.382 0.367

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2FLONE S3FLONE S4FLONE S5FLONE S6FLONE S7FLONE S8FLONE S9FLONE

11934 10801 12562 11315 10271 11736 10932 9985

0.084 0.091 0.106 0.107 0.096 0.102 0.103 0.090

0.277 0.288 0.308 0.309 0.295 0.302 0.304 0.286

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1FSADX

12652

3.601

0.625

1.000

4.000

S1FSADX

9900

3.642

0.584

1.000

4.000

R2FSAD R3FSAD R4FSAD R5FSAD R6FSAD R7FSAD R8FSAD R9FSAD

18055 16340 19318 17502 16109 18265 17177 16061

0.173 0.165 0.202 0.215 0.212 0.206 0.201 0.181

0.378 0.371 0.402 0.411 0.409 0.405 0.401 0.385

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2FSAD S3FSAD S4FSAD S5FSAD S6FSAD S7FSAD S8FSAD

11928 10798 12559 11316 10270 11732 10928

0.133 0.130 0.166 0.177 0.170 0.166 0.159

0.340 0.337 0.372 0.382 0.376 0.373 0.366

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

S9FSAD

401

9981

0.141

0.348

0.000

1.000

R1GOINGX

12652

3.482

0.739

1.000

4.000

S1GOINGX

9900

3.508

0.716

1.000

4.000

R2GOING R3GOING R4GOING R5GOING R6GOING R7GOING R8GOING R9GOING

18044 16335 19310 17501 16105 18247 17167 16051

0.213 0.194 0.234 0.222 0.230 0.212 0.216 0.203

0.409 0.395 0.423 0.416 0.421 0.409 0.411 0.402

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2GOING S3GOING S4GOING S5GOING S6GOING S7GOING S8GOING S9GOING

11927 10796 12554 11315 10267 11720 10926 9974

0.181 0.168 0.213 0.201 0.201 0.184 0.184 0.177

0.385 0.373 0.409 0.400 0.401 0.387 0.388 0.381

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1ENLIFX

12652

1.624

0.766

1.000

4.000

S1ENLIFX

9900

1.586

0.733

1.000

4.000

R2ENLIFE R3ENLIFE R4ENLIFE R5ENLIFE R6ENLIFE R7ENLIFE R8ENLIFE R9ENLIFE

18034 16329 19310 17496 16103 18254 17174 16049

0.925 0.931 0.917 0.921 0.927 0.920 0.917 0.913

0.264 0.254 0.275 0.270 0.260 0.271 0.277 0.281

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2ENLIFE S3ENLIFE S4ENLIFE S5ENLIFE S6ENLIFE S7ENLIFE S8ENLIFE S9ENLIFE

11922 10794 12556 11315 10272 11727 10925 9979

0.939 0.942 0.931 0.934 0.943 0.936 0.934 0.933

0.240 0.234 0.253 0.249 0.232 0.245 0.248 0.251

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2CESD R3CESD R4CESD R5CESD R6CESD R7CESD R8CESD R9CESD

18070 16347 19329 17509 16127 18283 17198 16075

1.465 1.355 1.616 1.578 1.535 1.501 1.536 1.448

2.001 1.897 1.946 1.934 1.976 1.986 2.013 1.976

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

S2CESD S3CESD S4CESD S5CESD S6CESD S7CESD S8CESD S9CESD

11937 10802 12566 11318 10280 11742 10938 9989

1.192 1.117 1.371 1.325 1.251 1.239 1.258 1.187

1.807 1.725 1.801 1.786 1.793 1.818 1.824 1.784

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

Section B: Health

402

R1CESDM R2CESDM R3CESDM R4CESDM R5CESDM R6CESDM R7CESDM R8CESDM R9CESDM

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.044 0.649 0.736 0.773 0.849 0.907 0.744 0.561 0.538

0.496 2.171 2.305 2.360 2.461 2.526 2.310 2.027 1.992

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

S1CESDM S2CESDM S3CESDM S4CESDM S5CESDM S6CESDM S7CESDM S8CESDM S9CESDM

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.047 0.709 0.751 0.812 0.889 0.942 0.767 0.550 0.499

0.527 2.265 2.328 2.413 2.513 2.570 2.345 2.015 1.926

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1DEPREX 1. All or almost all | 298 2. Most of the time | 371 3. Some of the time | 3090 4. None or almost none | 8893 Value-------------------------|S1DEPREX .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. All or almost all | 186 2. Most of the time | 237 3. Some of the time | 2252 4. None or almost none | 7225 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2DEPRES R3DEPRES R4DEPRES R5DEPRES R6DEPRES R7DEPRES R8DEPRES R9DEPRES 13 7 5 6 15 9 13 9 2 9 6 36 3 6 3 9 2 4 11 9 1 1565 1640 2043 2062 2036 1802 1260 1140 14805 13749 15946 14378 13293 15329 14316 13941 3253 2590 3372 3125 2819 2942 2868 2126

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2DEPRES S3DEPRES S4DEPRES S5DEPRES S6DEPRES S7DEPRES S8DEPRES S9DEPRES 4 4 1 3 9 5 5 4 2 3 1 23 1 2 1 4 2 7 6 1148 1111 1407 1410 1359 1203 792 657 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 10204 9428 10756 9716 8836 10213 9482 8945 1730 1369 1807 1600 1435 1521 1449 1040

Value-------------------------|R1EFFORX 1. All or almost all | 626 2. Most of the time | 971 3. Some of the time | 3090 4. None or almost none | 7965 Value-------------------------|S1EFFORX .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. All or almost all | 429 2. Most of the time | 658 3. Some of the time | 2359

Section B: Health

4. None or almost none

403

|

6454

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2EFFORT R3EFFORT R4EFFORT R5EFFORT R6EFFORT R7EFFORT R8EFFORT R9EFFORT 27 14 9 7 13 17 29 19 1 11 7 36 3 9 4 3 2 6 12 11 3 1565 1640 2043 2062 2036 1802 1260 1140 13689 12693 14244 13303 11954 13771 12652 12397 4352 3639 5074 4198 4158 4491 4514 3658

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2EFFORT S3EFFORT S4EFFORT S5EFFORT S6EFFORT S7EFFORT S8EFFORT S9EFFORT 6 6 7 1 5 8 9 8 1 5 1 23 1 2 1 2 1 2 8 6 1 1148 1111 1407 1410 1359 1203 792 657 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 9454 8711 9603 8922 7975 9213 8393 8043 2478 2085 2954 2395 2300 2517 2534 1937

Value-------------------------|R1SLEEPX 1. All or almost all | 692 2. Most of the time | 1011 3. Some of the time | 4400 4. None or almost none | 6549 Value-------------------------|S1SLEEPX .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. All or almost all | 471 2. Most of the time | 733 3. Some of the time | 3503 4. None or almost none | 5193 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2SLEEPR R3SLEEPR R4SLEEPR R5SLEEPR R6SLEEPR R7SLEEPR R8SLEEPR R9SLEEPR 15 3 3 15 11 11 9 1 12 6 36 3 2 3 4 2 6 11 6 1 1565 1640 2043 2062 2036 1802 1260 1140 12460 11833 12613 11683 11593 12954 12111 10878 5600 4514 6709 5823 4517 5315 5078 5189

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2SLEEPR S3SLEEPR S4SLEEPR S5SLEEPR S6SLEEPR S7SLEEPR S8SLEEPR S9SLEEPR 8 2 1 9 6 2 4 1 6 1 23 1 1 1 2 1 3 7 4 1148 1111 1407 1410 1359 1203 792 657 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 8528 8010 8428 7736 7582 8566 7936 6928 3403 2792 4133 3581 2688 3167 3000 3057

Value-------------------------|R1WHAPPX 1. All or almost all | 4265 2. Most of the time | 5747 3. Some of the time | 2200 4. None or almost none | 440 Value-------------------------|S1WHAPPX .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. All or almost all | 3510 2. Most of the time | 4578 3. Some of the time | 1551 4. None or almost none | 261 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip |

R2WHAPPY R3WHAPPY R4WHAPPY R5WHAPPY R6WHAPPY R7WHAPPY R8WHAPPY R9WHAPPY 39 16 7 12 28 47 38 17 4 14 7 36 3 7 6 4 3 7 17 12 2 1565 1640 2043 2062 2036 1802 1260 1140

Section B: Health

0.no 1.yes

404

| |

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

2119 15912

1825 14500

2616 16700

2211 15284

2048 14048

2397 15830

2324 14832

2172 13886

S2WHAPPY S3WHAPPY S4WHAPPY S5WHAPPY S6WHAPPY S7WHAPPY S8WHAPPY S9WHAPPY 16 8 4 7 11 24 17 6 4 6 1 23 1 4 2 3 1 3 10 8 1148 1111 1407 1410 1359 1203 792 657 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1141 991 1387 1184 1051 1284 1181 1085 10779 9799 11171 10127 9217 10428 9736 8898

Value-------------------------|R1FLONEX 1. All or almost all | 249 2. Most of the time | 358 3. Some of the time | 2377 4. None or almost none | 9668 Value-------------------------|S1FLONEX .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. All or almost all | 111 2. Most of the time | 179 3. Some of the time | 1530 4. None or almost none | 8080 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2FLONE 8

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2FLONE 4

4 1565 15235 2830

2 1148 5970 584 10935 999

R3FLONE 3 2 4 1640 13742 2600

R4FLONE 2 14 3 2043 15864 3458

R5FLONE 6 6 2 2062 14281 3222

R6FLONE 15

S3FLONE

S5FLONE 3 1 1 1410 6538 311 10106 1209

S6FLONE 9

2 1 1111 5658 418 9819 982

S4FLONE 1 6 2 1407 6869 537 11229 1333

R3FSAD 4 4 3 1640 13646 2694

R4FSAD 4 15 4 2043 15415 3903

R5FSAD 7 6 2 2062 13734 3768

R6FSAD 15

S3FSAD 2 3 1

S4FSAD 2 7 3

S5FSAD 2 1 1

S6FSAD 9

6 2036 13184 2926

2 1359 6306 220 9283 988

R7FLONE 7 36 13 1802 15075 3196

R8FLONE 14 3 9 1260 14139 3044

R9FLONE 11

S7FLONE 3 23 7 1203 6777 380 10543 1193

S8FLONE 4 1 6 792 6417 317 9802 1130

S9FLONE 4

R7FSAD 13 36 13 1802 14497 3768

R8FSAD 21 3 8 1260 13719 3458

R9FSAD 15

S7FSAD 6 23 8

S8FSAD 8 1 6

S9FSAD 8

2 1140 13479 2585

657 6206 365 9090 895

Value-------------------------| R1FSADX 1. All or almost all | 202 2. Most of the time | 345 3. Some of the time | 3752 4. None or almost none | 8353 Value-------------------------| S1FSADX .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. All or almost all | 107 2. Most of the time | 228 3. Some of the time | 2770 4. None or almost none | 6795 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2FSAD 14

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF |

S2FSAD 7

8 1565 14936 3119

5

7 2036 12695 3414

3

1 1140 13155 2906

Section B: Health

.S=Skip .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.no 1.yes

405

| | | | |

1148 5970 584 10340 1588

1111 5658 418 9392 1406

1407 6869 537 10475 2084

1410 6538 311 9311 2005

1359 6306 220 8524 1746

1203 6777 380 9779 1953

792 6417 317 9189 1739

657 6206 365 8573 1408

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2GOING 28

R3GOING 10 1 5 1640 13174 3161

R4GOING 11 16 4 2043 14796 4514

R5GOING 7 7 2 2062 13610 3891

R6GOING 18

R7GOING 30 36 14 1802 14371 3876

R8GOING 30 3 9 1260 13463 3704

R9GOING 24

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2GOING 12

S3GOING 5 1 2 1111 5658 418 8987 1809

S4GOING 6 8 3 1407 6869 537 9879 2675

S5GOING 3 1 1 1410 6538 311 9045 2270

S6GOING 11

S7GOING 17 23 9 1203 6777 380 9566 2154

S8GOING 10 1 6 792 6417 317 8915 2011

S9GOING 14

Value-------------------------|R1GOINGX 1. All or almost all | 412 2. Most of the time | 640 3. Some of the time | 4037 4. None or almost none | 7563 Value-------------------------|S1GOINGX .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. All or almost all | 286 2. Most of the time | 441 3. Some of the time | 3129 4. None or almost none | 6044

5 1565 14202 3842

1 1148 5970 584 9772 2155

8 2036 12407 3698

4 1359 6306 220 8200 2067

2 1140 12797 3254

1 657 6206 365 8211 1763

Value-------------------------|R1ENLIFX 1. All or almost all | 6680 2. Most of the time | 4359 3. Some of the time | 1307 4. None or almost none | 306 Value-------------------------|S1ENLIFX .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. All or almost all | 5372 2. Most of the time | 3433 3. Some of the time | 913 4. None or almost none | 182 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2ENLIFE R3ENLIFE R4ENLIFE R5ENLIFE R6ENLIFE R7ENLIFE R8ENLIFE R9ENLIFE 39 13 12 10 21 23 21 25 3 15 7 36 3 4 6 4 4 7 14 11 3 1565 1640 2043 2062 2036 1802 1260 1140 1359 1131 1595 1386 1174 1460 1434 1390 16675 15198 17715 16110 14929 16794 15740 14659

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2ENLIFE S3ENLIFE S4ENLIFE S5ENLIFE S6ENLIFE S7ENLIFE S8ENLIFE S9ENLIFE 15 7 5 2 8 11 10 10 2 7 1 23 1 3 1 3 2 2 8 7 1148 1111 1407 1410 1359 1203 792 657 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 731 628 861 749 586 754 721 672 11191 10166 11695 10566 9686 10973 10204 9307

Section B: Health

406

How Constructed: RwDEPRES, RwEFFORT, RwSLEEPR, RwFLONE, RwFSAD, RwGOING, RwWHAPPY, and RwENLIFE are yes/no indicators of the respondent's feelings much of the time over the week prior to the interview. RwCESD is a summary of these measures. RwCESDM indicates how many individual measures used to derive RwCESD are missing. SwDEPRES, SwEFFORT, SwSLEEPR, SwFLONE, SwFSAD, SwGOING, SwWHAPPY, SwENLIFE, SwCESD, and SwCESDM are this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. To make consistent measures across waves yes/no dummy variables were derived. In all except Wave 1, the question has a yes or no response to whether the respondent felt a certain way 'much of the time'. For Wave 1, the response could be one of four categories: all or almost all of the time, most of the time, some of the time, or none or almost none of the time. The measures in this wave are not recoded to 0/1 (no/yes), but are recoded to the 4-point scale. These measures were imputed by HRS if missing in Wave 1, and the imputations were used. Because the Wave 1 variables are very different from those in other waves, the variables are named differently, i.e., they are R1DEPREX, R1EFFORX, R1SLEEPX, R1FLONEX, R1FSADX, R1GOINGX, R1WHAPPX, and R1ENLIFX. The spouse measures are called S1DEPREX, S1EFFORX, S1SLEEPX, S1FLONEX, S1FSADX, S1GOINGX, S1WHAPPX, and S1ENLIFX. It appears 'much of the time' in later waves is somewhere between 'some' and 'most' of the time in Wave 1. Another variable in the HRS (but not on this file) rates overall emotional health and is asked in Waves 1 and 2H. A possible means for making these measures more consistent between Wave 1 and the rest of the waves is to use those who gave the same emotional health in both Waves 1 and 2H, comparing their answers of some and yes by level of emotional health. RwCESD is the sum of RwDEPRES, RwEFFORT, RwSLEEPR, RwFLONE, RwFSAD, RwGOING, (1-RwWHAPPY) and (1RwENLIFE). Thus the higher the score, the more negative the respondent's feelings in the past week. RwCESDM counts the number of missing values among the individual measures. In Wave 1 the R1CESD summary measure is not included; R1CESDM counts the number of imputed values used among the Wave 1 measures. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3CESD is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3CESD.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In each wave questions ask about the respondent's feelings in the past week. questions varies slightly across waves.

The wording of the

In Wave 1, the questions begin: Please tell me how often you have experienced the following feelings during the past week-all or almost all of the time, most of the time, some of the time, or none or almost none of the time. During the past week ... A series of statements follow and the respondent answers with one of the four frequencies listed in the question. Beginning in Wave 2, the questions start: Now think about the past week and the feelings you have experienced. Please tell me if each of the following was true for you much of the time this past week. Much of the time during the past week ... A series of statements follow to which the respondent can answer yes or no. Note that the responses given in Wave 1 are very different and not very comparable to those given in later waves. The statements are similar across waves. They state that the respondent felt depressed, felt that everything he/she did was an effort, sleep was restless, could not get going, felt lonely, enjoyed life, felt sad, and was happy.

Section B: Health

HRS Variables Used V10519 V10520 V10521 V10522 V10523 V10525 V10526 V10528 V519 V520 V521 V522 V523 V525 V526 V528 AHEAD 1993: B307 B309 B310 B311 B312 B314 B315 B316 HRS 1994: W465 W466 W467 W468 W469 W470 W471 W472 AHEAD 1995: D1001 D985 D987 D989 D991 D993 D995 D999 HRS 1996: E985 E986 E987 E988 E989 E990 E991 E992 HRS 1998: F1493 F1494 F1495 F1496 F1497 F1498 F1499 F1500

B44A:DEPRESSION :IND B44B:EVERYTHING TIRI:IND B44C:RESTLESS SLEEP :IND B44D:HAPPINESS :IND B44E:LONLINESS :IND B44G:ENJOYED LIFE :IND B44H:SADNESS :IND B44K:CAN'T GET GOIN:IND B44A:DEPRESSION :IMP B44B:EVERYTHING TIRI:IMP B44C:RESTLESS SLEEP :IMP B44D:HAPPINESS :IMP B44E:LONLINESS :IMP B44G:ENJOYED LIFE :IMP B44H:SADNESS :IMP B44K:CAN T GET GOIN:IMP B24. CESD DEPRESSED PAST WEEK B24a. CESD EFFORT PAST WEEK B24b. CESD SLEEP PAST WEEK B24c. CESD HAPPY PAST WEEK B24d. CESD LONELY PAST WEEK B24f. CESD ENJOY LIFE PAST WEEK B24g. CESD SAD PAST WEEK B24h. CESD NOT GET GOING PAST WEEK B46a.FELT DEPRESSED B46b.EVERYTHING AN EFFOR B46c.SLEEP RESTLESS B46d.COULD NOT GET GOING B46e.FELT LONELY B46f.ENJOY LIFE B46g.FELT SAD B46h.HAPPY B24H. CESD GOING B24. CESD DEPRESSED B24A. CESD EFFORT B24B. CESD SLEEP B24C. CESD HAPPY B24D. CESD LONELY B24E. CESD ENJOY LIFE B24G. CESD SAD B24. CESD DEPRESSED B24A. CESD EFFORT B24B. CESD SLEEP B24C. CESD HAPPY B24D. CESD LONELY B24E. CESD ENJOY LIFE B24G. CESD SAD B24H. CESD GOING C5. CESD DEPRESSED C5A. CESD EFFORT C5B. CESD SLEEP C5C. CESD HAPPY C5D. CESD LONELY C5E. CESD ENJOY LIFE C5G. CESD SAD CFH. CESD GOING

407

Section B: Health

HRS 2000: G1669 G1670 G1671 G1672 G1673 G1674 G1675 G1676 HRS 2002: HD110 HD111 HD112 HD113 HD114 HD115 HD116 HD117 HRS 2004: JD110 JD111 JD112 JD113 JD114 JD115 JD116 JD117 HRS 2006: KD110 KD111 KD112 KD113 KD114 KD115 KD116 KD117 HRS 2008: LD110 LD111 LD112 LD113 LD114 LD115 LD116 LD117

C5. CESD DEPRESSED C5A. CESD EFFORT C5B. CESD SLEEP C5C. CESD HAPPY C5D. CESD LONELY C5E. CESD ENJOY LIFE C5G. CESD SAD CFH. CESD GOING FEELING DEPRESSED W/IN PREV WK FELT ACTIVITIES WERE EFFORTS WAS SLEEP RESTLESS W/IN PREV WK WAS R HAPPY W/IN PREV WK LONELINESS FELT W/IN PREV WK ENJOYED LIFE W/IN PREV WK FELT SAD W/IN PREV WK FELT UNMOTIVATED W/IN PREV WK FEELING DEPRESSED W/IN PREV WK FELT ACTIVITIES WERE EFFORTS WAS SLEEP RESTLESS W/IN PREV WK WAS R HAPPY W/IN PREV WK LONELINESS FELT W/IN PREV WK ENJOYED LIFE W/IN PREV WK FELT SAD W/IN PREV WK FELT UNMOTIVATED W/IN PREV WK FEELING DEPRESSED W/IN PREV WK FELT ACTIVITIES WERE EFFORTS WAS SLEEP RESTLESS W/IN PREV WK WAS R HAPPY W/IN PREV WK LONELINESS FELT W/IN PREV WK ENJOYED LIFE W/IN PREV WK FELT SAD W/IN PREV WK FELT UNMOTIVATED W/IN PREV WK FEELING DEPRESSED W/IN PREV WK FELT ACTIVITIES WERE EFFORTS WAS SLEEP RESTLESS W/IN PREV WK WAS R HAPPY W/IN PREV WK LONELINESS FELT W/IN PREV WK ENJOYED LIFE W/IN PREV WK FELT SAD W/IN PREV WK FELT UNMOTIVATED W/IN PREV WK

408

Section B: Health

409

Doctor diagnosed health problems: Raw Recodes and Question Wording Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HIBP R2HIBP R3HIBP R4HIBP R5HIBP R6HIBP R7HIBP R8HIBP R9HIBP

R1HIBP:W1 R2HIBP:W2 R3HIBP:W3 R4HIBP:W4 R5HIBP:W5 R6HIBP:W6 R7HIBP:W7 R8HIBP:W8 R9HIBP:W9

R R R R R R R R R

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

high high high high high high high high high

BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HIBP S2HIBP S3HIBP S4HIBP S5HIBP S6HIBP S7HIBP S8HIBP S9HIBP

S1HIBP:W1 S2HIBP:W2 S3HIBP:W3 S4HIBP:W4 S5HIBP:W5 S6HIBP:W6 S7HIBP:W7 S8HIBP:W8 S9HIBP:W9

S S S S S S S S S

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

high high high high high high high high high

BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HIBPQ R2HIBPQ R3HIBPQ R4HIBPQ R5HIBPQ R6HIBPQ R7HIBPQ R8HIBPQ R9HIBPQ

R1HIBPQ:W1 R2HIBPQ:W2 R3HIBPQ:W3 R4HIBPQ:W4 R5HIBPQ:W5 R6HIBPQ:W6 R7HIBPQ:W7 R8HIBPQ:W8 R9HIBPQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

high high high high high high high high high

BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HIBPQ S2HIBPQ S3HIBPQ S4HIBPQ S5HIBPQ S6HIBPQ S7HIBPQ S8HIBPQ S9HIBPQ

S1HIBPQ:W1 S2HIBPQ:W2 S3HIBPQ:W3 S4HIBPQ:W4 S5HIBPQ:W5 S6HIBPQ:W6 S7HIBPQ:W7 S8HIBPQ:W8 S9HIBPQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

high high high high high high high high high

BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DIAB R2DIAB R3DIAB R4DIAB R5DIAB R6DIAB R7DIAB R8DIAB R9DIAB

R1DIAB:W1 R2DIAB:W2 R3DIAB:W3 R4DIAB:W4 R5DIAB:W5 R6DIAB:W6 R7DIAB:W7 R8DIAB:W8 R9DIAB:W9

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

S1DIAB

S1DIAB:W1 S reports diabetes this wv

Categ

R R R R R R R R R

Section B: Health

410

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2DIAB S3DIAB S4DIAB S5DIAB S6DIAB S7DIAB S8DIAB S9DIAB

S2DIAB:W2 S3DIAB:W3 S4DIAB:W4 S5DIAB:W5 S6DIAB:W6 S7DIAB:W7 S8DIAB:W8 S9DIAB:W9

S S S S S S S S

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DIABQ R2DIABQ R3DIABQ R4DIABQ R5DIABQ R6DIABQ R7DIABQ R8DIABQ R9DIABQ

R1DIABQ:W1 R2DIABQ:W2 R3DIABQ:W3 R4DIABQ:W4 R5DIABQ:W5 R6DIABQ:W6 R7DIABQ:W7 R8DIABQ:W8 R9DIABQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIABQ S2DIABQ S3DIABQ S4DIABQ S5DIABQ S6DIABQ S7DIABQ S8DIABQ S9DIABQ

S1DIABQ:W1 S2DIABQ:W2 S3DIABQ:W3 S4DIABQ:W4 S5DIABQ:W5 S6DIABQ:W6 S7DIABQ:W7 S8DIABQ:W8 S9DIABQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1CANCR R2CANCR R3CANCR R4CANCR R5CANCR R6CANCR R7CANCR R8CANCR R9CANCR

R1CANCR:W1 R2CANCR:W2 R3CANCR:W3 R4CANCR:W4 R5CANCR:W5 R6CANCR:W6 R7CANCR:W7 R8CANCR:W8 R9CANCR:W9

R R R R R R R R R

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CANCR S2CANCR S3CANCR S4CANCR S5CANCR S6CANCR S7CANCR S8CANCR S9CANCR

S1CANCR:W1 S2CANCR:W2 S3CANCR:W3 S4CANCR:W4 S5CANCR:W5 S6CANCR:W6 S7CANCR:W7 S8CANCR:W8 S9CANCR:W9

S S S S S S S S S

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R1CANCRQ R2CANCRQ R3CANCRQ R4CANCRQ R5CANCRQ R6CANCRQ R7CANCRQ R8CANCRQ

R1CANCRQ:W1 R2CANCRQ:W2 R3CANCRQ:W3 R4CANCRQ:W4 R5CANCRQ:W5 R6CANCRQ:W6 R7CANCRQ:W7 R8CANCRQ:W8

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer

this this this this this this this this

this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

411

9

R9CANCRQ

R9CANCRQ:W9 Q-wording cancer this wv

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CANCRQ S2CANCRQ S3CANCRQ S4CANCRQ S5CANCRQ S6CANCRQ S7CANCRQ S8CANCRQ S9CANCRQ

S1CANCRQ:W1 S2CANCRQ:W2 S3CANCRQ:W3 S4CANCRQ:W4 S5CANCRQ:W5 S6CANCRQ:W6 S7CANCRQ:W7 S8CANCRQ:W8 S9CANCRQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LUNG R2LUNG R3LUNG R4LUNG R5LUNG R6LUNG R7LUNG R8LUNG R9LUNG

R1LUNG:W1 R2LUNG:W2 R3LUNG:W3 R4LUNG:W4 R5LUNG:W5 R6LUNG:W6 R7LUNG:W7 R8LUNG:W8 R9LUNG:W9

R R R R R R R R R

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung

disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LUNG S2LUNG S3LUNG S4LUNG S5LUNG S6LUNG S7LUNG S8LUNG S9LUNG

S1LUNG:W1 S2LUNG:W2 S3LUNG:W3 S4LUNG:W4 S5LUNG:W5 S6LUNG:W6 S7LUNG:W7 S8LUNG:W8 S9LUNG:W9

S S S S S S S S S

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung

disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LUNGQ R2LUNGQ R3LUNGQ R4LUNGQ R5LUNGQ R6LUNGQ R7LUNGQ R8LUNGQ R9LUNGQ

R1LUNGQ:W1 R2LUNGQ:W2 R3LUNGQ:W3 R4LUNGQ:W4 R5LUNGQ:W5 R6LUNGQ:W6 R7LUNGQ:W7 R8LUNGQ:W8 R9LUNGQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung

disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LUNGQ S2LUNGQ S3LUNGQ S4LUNGQ S5LUNGQ S6LUNGQ S7LUNGQ S8LUNGQ S9LUNGQ

S1LUNGQ:W1 S2LUNGQ:W2 S3LUNGQ:W3 S4LUNGQ:W4 S5LUNGQ:W5 S6LUNGQ:W6 S7LUNGQ:W7 S8LUNGQ:W8 S9LUNGQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung

disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5

R1HEART R2HEART R3HEART R4HEART R5HEART

R1HEART:W1 R2HEART:W2 R3HEART:W3 R4HEART:W4 R5HEART:W5

R R R R R

heart heart heart heart heart

reports reports reports reports reports

cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer

this this this this this this this this this

prob prob prob prob prob

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

412

6 7 8 9

R6HEART R7HEART R8HEART R9HEART

R6HEART:W6 R7HEART:W7 R8HEART:W8 R9HEART:W9

R R R R

reports reports reports reports

heart heart heart heart

prob prob prob prob

this this this this

wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HEART S2HEART S3HEART S4HEART S5HEART S6HEART S7HEART S8HEART S9HEART

S1HEART:W1 S2HEART:W2 S3HEART:W3 S4HEART:W4 S5HEART:W5 S6HEART:W6 S7HEART:W7 S8HEART:W8 S9HEART:W9

S S S S S S S S S

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HEARTQ R2HEARTQ R3HEARTQ R4HEARTQ R5HEARTQ R6HEARTQ R7HEARTQ R8HEARTQ R9HEARTQ

R1HEARTQ:W1 R2HEARTQ:W2 R3HEARTQ:W3 R4HEARTQ:W4 R5HEARTQ:W5 R6HEARTQ:W6 R7HEARTQ:W7 R8HEARTQ:W8 R9HEARTQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HEARTQ S2HEARTQ S3HEARTQ S4HEARTQ S5HEARTQ S6HEARTQ S7HEARTQ S8HEARTQ S9HEARTQ

S1HEARTQ:W1 S2HEARTQ:W2 S3HEARTQ:W3 S4HEARTQ:W4 S5HEARTQ:W5 S6HEARTQ:W6 S7HEARTQ:W7 S8HEARTQ:W8 S9HEARTQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1STROK R2STROK R3STROK R4STROK R5STROK R6STROK R7STROK R8STROK R9STROK

R1STROK:W1 R2STROK:W2 R3STROK:W3 R4STROK:W4 R5STROK:W5 R6STROK:W6 R7STROK:W7 R8STROK:W8 R9STROK:W9

R R R R R R R R R

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1STROK S2STROK S3STROK S4STROK S5STROK S6STROK S7STROK S8STROK S9STROK

S1STROK:W1 S2STROK:W2 S3STROK:W3 S4STROK:W4 S5STROK:W5 S6STROK:W6 S7STROK:W7 S8STROK:W8 S9STROK:W9

S S S S S S S S S

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2

R1STROKQ R2STROKQ

R1STROKQ:W1 Q-wording stroke this wv R2STROKQ:W2 Q-wording stroke this wv

Categ Categ

Section B: Health

413

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3STROKQ R4STROKQ R5STROKQ R6STROKQ R7STROKQ R8STROKQ R9STROKQ

R3STROKQ:W3 R4STROKQ:W4 R5STROKQ:W5 R6STROKQ:W6 R7STROKQ:W7 R8STROKQ:W8 R9STROKQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke

this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1STROKQ S2STROKQ S3STROKQ S4STROKQ S5STROKQ S6STROKQ S7STROKQ S8STROKQ S9STROKQ

S1STROKQ:W1 S2STROKQ:W2 S3STROKQ:W3 S4STROKQ:W4 S5STROKQ:W5 S6STROKQ:W6 S7STROKQ:W7 S8STROKQ:W8 S9STROKQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1PSYCH R2PSYCH R3PSYCH R4PSYCH R5PSYCH R6PSYCH R7PSYCH R8PSYCH R9PSYCH

R1PSYCH:W1 R2PSYCH:W2 R3PSYCH:W3 R4PSYCH:W4 R5PSYCH:W5 R6PSYCH:W6 R7PSYCH:W7 R8PSYCH:W8 R9PSYCH:W9

R R R R R R R R R

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1PSYCH S2PSYCH S3PSYCH S4PSYCH S5PSYCH S6PSYCH S7PSYCH S8PSYCH S9PSYCH

S1PSYCH:W1 S2PSYCH:W2 S3PSYCH:W3 S4PSYCH:W4 S5PSYCH:W5 S6PSYCH:W6 S7PSYCH:W7 S8PSYCH:W8 S9PSYCH:W9

S S S S S S S S S

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1PSYCHQ R2PSYCHQ R3PSYCHQ R4PSYCHQ R5PSYCHQ R6PSYCHQ R7PSYCHQ R8PSYCHQ R9PSYCHQ

R1PSYCHQ:W1 R2PSYCHQ:W2 R3PSYCHQ:W3 R4PSYCHQ:W4 R5PSYCHQ:W5 R6PSYCHQ:W6 R7PSYCHQ:W7 R8PSYCHQ:W8 R9PSYCHQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1PSYCHQ S2PSYCHQ S3PSYCHQ S4PSYCHQ S5PSYCHQ S6PSYCHQ S7PSYCHQ S8PSYCHQ S9PSYCHQ

S1PSYCHQ:W1 S2PSYCHQ:W2 S3PSYCHQ:W3 S4PSYCHQ:W4 S5PSYCHQ:W5 S6PSYCHQ:W6 S7PSYCHQ:W7 S8PSYCHQ:W8 S9PSYCHQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

414

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1ARTHR R2ARTHR R3ARTHR R4ARTHR R5ARTHR R6ARTHR R7ARTHR R8ARTHR R9ARTHR

R1ARTHR:W1 R2ARTHR:W2 R3ARTHR:W3 R4ARTHR:W4 R5ARTHR:W5 R6ARTHR:W6 R7ARTHR:W7 R8ARTHR:W8 R9ARTHR:W9

R R R R R R R R R

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1ARTHR S2ARTHR S3ARTHR S4ARTHR S5ARTHR S6ARTHR S7ARTHR S8ARTHR S9ARTHR

S1ARTHR:W1 S2ARTHR:W2 S3ARTHR:W3 S4ARTHR:W4 S5ARTHR:W5 S6ARTHR:W6 S7ARTHR:W7 S8ARTHR:W8 S9ARTHR:W9

S S S S S S S S S

reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports reports

arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1ARTHRQ R2ARTHRQ R3ARTHRQ R4ARTHRQ R5ARTHRQ R6ARTHRQ R7ARTHRQ R8ARTHRQ R9ARTHRQ

R1ARTHRQ:W1 R2ARTHRQ:W2 R3ARTHRQ:W3 R4ARTHRQ:W4 R5ARTHRQ:W5 R6ARTHRQ:W6 R7ARTHRQ:W7 R8ARTHRQ:W8 R9ARTHRQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1ARTHRQ S2ARTHRQ S3ARTHRQ S4ARTHRQ S5ARTHRQ S6ARTHRQ S7ARTHRQ S8ARTHRQ S9ARTHRQ

S1ARTHRQ:W1 S2ARTHRQ:W2 S3ARTHRQ:W3 S4ARTHRQ:W4 S5ARTHRQ:W5 S6ARTHRQ:W6 S7ARTHRQ:W7 S8ARTHRQ:W8 S9ARTHRQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis

this this this this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1HIBP R2HIBP R3HIBP R4HIBP R5HIBP R6HIBP R7HIBP R8HIBP R9HIBP

12652 15364 17981 21369 19566 18149 20100 18437 17191

0.385 0.304 0.603 0.542 0.554 0.577 0.577 0.620 0.654

0.487 0.460 0.897 0.743 0.654 0.622 0.619 0.617 0.610

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1HIBP S2HIBP S3HIBP

9900 9964 11909

0.368 0.249 0.566

0.482 0.433 0.887

0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000

Section B: Health

415

S4HIBP S5HIBP S6HIBP S7HIBP S8HIBP S9HIBP

13970 12726 11635 12964 11726 10635

0.502 0.521 0.551 0.542 0.580 0.614

0.714 0.641 0.623 0.613 0.608 0.605

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R1HIBPQ R2HIBPQ R3HIBPQ R4HIBPQ R5HIBPQ R6HIBPQ R7HIBPQ R8HIBPQ R9HIBPQ

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.000 2.100 2.431 2.112 2.439 2.618 2.381 2.652 2.663

0.000 1.446 0.580 0.804 0.548 0.802 0.943 0.780 0.724

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 16.000 16.000 15.000 12.000 13.000 12.000 5.000

S1HIBPQ S2HIBPQ S3HIBPQ S4HIBPQ S5HIBPQ S6HIBPQ S7HIBPQ S8HIBPQ S9HIBPQ

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.000 2.248 2.392 2.073 2.402 2.580 2.326 2.616 2.617

0.000 1.467 0.534 0.816 0.560 0.812 0.952 0.810 0.728

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 11.000 16.000 15.000 12.000 13.000 12.000 5.000

R1DIAB R2DIAB R3DIAB R4DIAB R5DIAB R6DIAB R7DIAB R8DIAB R9DIAB

12652 18428 17979 21372 19571 18159 20108 18449 17199

0.110 0.074 0.184 0.167 0.176 0.191 0.199 0.224 0.244

0.313 0.262 0.578 0.487 0.461 0.448 0.467 0.493 0.506

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1DIAB S2DIAB S3DIAB S4DIAB S5DIAB S6DIAB S7DIAB S8DIAB S9DIAB

9900 12228 11909 13975 12726 11637 12965 11728 10638

0.103 0.062 0.177 0.158 0.167 0.185 0.193 0.214 0.233

0.304 0.241 0.578 0.482 0.448 0.441 0.462 0.486 0.493

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R1DIABQ R2DIABQ R3DIABQ R4DIABQ R5DIABQ R6DIABQ R7DIABQ R8DIABQ R9DIABQ

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.000 1.771 2.109 1.866 2.122 2.304 2.103 2.320 2.316

0.000 1.096 0.381 0.615 0.390 0.787 0.864 0.774 0.719

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 16.000 16.000 11.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 5.000

S1DIABQ S2DIABQ S3DIABQ S4DIABQ S5DIABQ S6DIABQ

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641

1.000 1.892 2.095 1.848 2.108 2.283

0.000 1.175 0.364 0.620 0.397 0.786

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 11.000 16.000 11.000 12.000

Section B: Health

416

S7DIABQ S8DIABQ S9DIABQ

12972 11735 10646

2.069 2.311 2.293

0.866 0.796 0.707

1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 5.000

R1CANCR R2CANCR R3CANCR R4CANCR R5CANCR R6CANCR R7CANCR R8CANCR R9CANCR

12652 19050 17978 21373 19564 18160 20113 18452 17205

0.056 0.067 0.129 0.124 0.134 0.145 0.143 0.155 0.169

0.229 0.250 0.459 0.408 0.397 0.394 0.400 0.407 0.425

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1CANCR S2CANCR S3CANCR S4CANCR S5CANCR S6CANCR S7CANCR S8CANCR S9CANCR

9900 12659 11905 13974 12725 11635 12964 11728 10639

0.054 0.056 0.121 0.112 0.126 0.137 0.134 0.143 0.162

0.226 0.230 0.449 0.366 0.386 0.382 0.384 0.378 0.420

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R1CANCRQ R2CANCRQ R3CANCRQ R4CANCRQ R5CANCRQ R6CANCRQ R7CANCRQ R8CANCRQ R9CANCRQ

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.000 1.706 2.080 1.838 2.088 2.273 2.073 2.275 2.263

0.000 1.011 0.456 0.584 0.354 0.778 0.855 0.763 0.718

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 16.000 16.000 11.000 12.000 16.000 12.000 16.000

S1CANCRQ S2CANCRQ S3CANCRQ S4CANCRQ S5CANCRQ S6CANCRQ S7CANCRQ S8CANCRQ S9CANCRQ

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.000 1.826 2.065 1.819 2.075 2.252 2.039 2.267 2.245

0.000 1.114 0.433 0.578 0.362 0.777 0.858 0.784 0.716

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 16.000 16.000 11.000 12.000 16.000 12.000 16.000

R1LUNG R2LUNG R3LUNG R4LUNG R5LUNG R6LUNG R7LUNG R8LUNG R9LUNG

12652 18754 17984 21377 19566 18157 20116 18448 17206

0.080 0.063 0.170 0.139 0.132 0.117 0.122 0.128 0.134

0.272 0.242 0.658 0.559 0.483 0.403 0.434 0.439 0.439

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1LUNG S2LUNG S3LUNG S4LUNG S5LUNG S6LUNG S7LUNG S8LUNG S9LUNG

9900 12468 11911 13976 12723 11635 12969 11727 10639

0.075 0.053 0.155 0.126 0.115 0.101 0.108 0.111 0.115

0.263 0.223 0.626 0.540 0.446 0.374 0.420 0.409 0.404

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

Section B: Health

417

R1LUNGQ R2LUNGQ R3LUNGQ R4LUNGQ R5LUNGQ R6LUNGQ R7LUNGQ R8LUNGQ R9LUNGQ

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.000 1.734 2.083 1.845 2.072 2.246 2.045 2.242 2.225

0.000 1.032 0.362 0.678 0.335 0.781 0.835 0.752 0.689

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 15.000 16.000 11.000 15.000 13.000 12.000 5.000

S1LUNGQ S2LUNGQ S3LUNGQ S4LUNGQ S5LUNGQ S6LUNGQ S7LUNGQ S8LUNGQ S9LUNGQ

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.000 1.851 2.068 1.825 2.056 2.223 2.007 2.230 2.198

0.000 1.115 0.331 0.677 0.338 0.784 0.833 0.773 0.672

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 11.000 16.000 11.000 15.000 13.000 12.000 5.000

R1HEART R2HEART R3HEART R4HEART R5HEART R6HEART R7HEART R8HEART R9HEART

12652 19632 17986 21371 19571 18155 20108 18449 17199

0.132 0.164 0.303 0.389 0.257 0.277 0.267 0.293 0.306

0.338 0.370 0.712 1.063 0.539 0.529 0.530 0.567 0.584

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 6.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1HEART S2HEART S3HEART S4HEART S5HEART S6HEART S7HEART S8HEART S9HEART

9900 13084 11913 13973 12727 11635 12965 11731 10636

0.130 0.136 0.275 0.332 0.238 0.252 0.244 0.267 0.280

0.336 0.342 0.677 0.948 0.523 0.500 0.513 0.542 0.551

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 6.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R1HEARTQ R2HEARTQ R3HEARTQ R4HEARTQ R5HEARTQ R6HEARTQ R7HEARTQ R8HEARTQ R9HEARTQ

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.000 1.993 2.192 2.450 2.177 2.517 2.155 2.369 2.358

0.000 1.757 0.479 2.748 0.455 1.647 0.891 0.784 0.736

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 19.000 16.000 16.000 15.000 16.000 16.000 12.000 16.000

S1HEARTQ S2HEARTQ S3HEARTQ S4HEARTQ S5HEARTQ S6HEARTQ S7HEARTQ S8HEARTQ S9HEARTQ

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.000 2.144 2.166 2.280 2.161 2.440 2.111 2.353 2.328

0.000 1.851 0.445 2.385 0.470 1.433 0.886 0.805 0.717

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 19.000 15.000 16.000 15.000 16.000 13.000 12.000 5.000

R1STROK R2STROK

12652 19315

0.031 0.055

0.174 0.258

0.000 0.000

1.000 2.000

Section B: Health

418

R3STROK R4STROK R5STROK R6STROK R7STROK R8STROK R9STROK

17983 21376 19572 18157 20122 18454 17203

0.095 0.092 0.088 0.090 0.085 0.093 0.096

0.419 0.387 0.343 0.331 0.328 0.353 0.349

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1STROK S2STROK S3STROK S4STROK S5STROK S6STROK S7STROK S8STROK S9STROK

9900 12846 11911 13975 12727 11637 12970 11729 10640

0.030 0.042 0.078 0.075 0.072 0.073 0.067 0.076 0.075

0.170 0.228 0.376 0.354 0.309 0.306 0.285 0.313 0.298

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 2.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R1STROKQ R2STROKQ R3STROKQ R4STROKQ R5STROKQ R6STROKQ R7STROKQ R8STROKQ R9STROKQ

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.000 1.681 2.119 1.838 2.131 2.280 2.082 2.278 2.256

0.000 0.981 1.076 0.821 1.100 1.161 1.223 1.180 1.131

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 16.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000

S1STROKQ S2STROKQ S3STROKQ S4STROKQ S5STROKQ S6STROKQ S7STROKQ S8STROKQ S9STROKQ

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.000 1.792 2.083 1.806 2.099 2.245 2.038 2.260 2.225

0.000 1.040 0.925 0.709 0.998 1.097 1.176 1.136 1.075

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 12.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000

R1PSYCH R2PSYCH R3PSYCH R4PSYCH R5PSYCH R6PSYCH R7PSYCH R8PSYCH R9PSYCH

12652 18442 17978 21371 19570 18157 20098 18447 17199

0.108 0.073 0.255 0.207 0.207 0.196 0.211 0.217 0.225

0.311 0.261 0.812 0.658 0.585 0.523 0.564 0.545 0.554

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1PSYCH S2PSYCH S3PSYCH S4PSYCH S5PSYCH S6PSYCH S7PSYCH S8PSYCH S9PSYCH

9900 12320 11911 13970 12727 11637 12953 11725 10637

0.093 0.063 0.230 0.181 0.177 0.169 0.175 0.186 0.191

0.290 0.244 0.780 0.623 0.545 0.494 0.516 0.514 0.517

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R1PSYCHQ R2PSYCHQ R3PSYCHQ R4PSYCHQ R5PSYCHQ

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579

1.000 1.773 2.125 1.874 2.127

0.000 1.111 0.545 0.662 0.440

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 16.000 16.000 16.000

Section B: Health

419

R6PSYCHQ R7PSYCHQ R8PSYCHQ R9PSYCHQ

18167 20129 18469 17217

2.300 2.094 2.305 2.293

0.792 0.860 0.771 0.713

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

16.000 13.000 12.000 5.000

S1PSYCHQ S2PSYCHQ S3PSYCHQ S4PSYCHQ S5PSYCHQ S6PSYCHQ S7PSYCHQ S8PSYCHQ S9PSYCHQ

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.000 1.878 2.106 1.848 2.099 2.267 2.047 2.282 2.255

0.000 1.161 0.528 0.660 0.388 0.781 0.855 0.789 0.695

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 16.000 16.000 11.000 12.000 13.000 12.000 5.000

R1ARTHR R2ARTHR R3ARTHR R4ARTHR R5ARTHR R6ARTHR R7ARTHR R8ARTHR R9ARTHR

12652 15390 17982 21362 19564 18141 20104 18450 17190

0.377 0.198 0.613 0.605 0.635 0.653 0.626 0.651 0.686

0.485 0.398 0.815 0.742 0.656 0.626 0.633 0.620 0.652

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1ARTHR S2ARTHR S3ARTHR S4ARTHR S5ARTHR S6ARTHR S7ARTHR S8ARTHR S9ARTHR

9900 10007 11908 13968 12722 11628 12959 11730 10632

0.361 0.168 0.591 0.566 0.596 0.622 0.585 0.608 0.649

0.480 0.374 0.842 0.744 0.661 0.633 0.629 0.613 0.660

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R1ARTHRQ R2ARTHRQ R3ARTHRQ R4ARTHRQ R5ARTHRQ R6ARTHRQ R7ARTHRQ R8ARTHRQ R9ARTHRQ

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.000 2.094 2.356 2.148 2.505 2.690 2.437 2.693 2.696

0.000 1.429 0.541 0.814 0.544 0.811 0.949 0.771 0.716

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 15.000 16.000 11.000 15.000 13.000 12.000 5.000

S1ARTHRQ S2ARTHRQ S3ARTHRQ S4ARTHRQ S5ARTHRQ S6ARTHRQ S7ARTHRQ S8ARTHRQ S9ARTHRQ

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.000 2.243 2.340 2.106 2.458 2.643 2.375 2.656 2.647

0.000 1.472 0.520 0.823 0.557 0.820 0.960 0.803 0.722

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 15.000 11.000 16.000 11.000 15.000 13.000 12.000 5.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .P=preload Y but NO prv wv | .R=RF | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv |

R1HIBP

R2HIBP 11 1 1 4265

R3HIBP 7 2 1

R4HIBP 15

R5HIBP 11

R6HIBP 17

R7HIBP 26

R8HIBP 30 1

R9HIBP 22

2

1

3

1

4

Section B: Health

0. 1. 3. 4. 5.

420

No | Yes | Disp prev record and has co| Disp prev record and no con| Disp prev record (DK if con|

7784 4868

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 1. Yes | 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

S1HIBP

2373 379 6260 3640

10699 4665

9172 8301

11096 9948

508

325

S2HIBP 4

S3HIBP 4 2

5970 584 3120 7478 2486

Value-------------------------| R1HIBPQ 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 12652 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 13.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: |

R2HIBPQ 8189 7015

Value-------------------------| S1HIBPQ .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 9900 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 13.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: | Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .P=preload Y but NO prv wv | .R=RF | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 1. Yes | 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

R1DIAB

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 1. Yes | 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

S1DIAB

2373 379

9605 9663 7 291

8318 9613 5 213

9198 10667 4 231

7681 10531 5 220

6583 10394 9 205

S4HIBP 8

S5HIBP 3

S6HIBP 5

S7HIBP 7

S8HIBP 8

S9HIBP 8

5658 418

6869 537

1 6538 311

1 6306 220

1 6777 380

1 6417 317

3 6206 365

6456 5131

7683 6106

6615 5938 5 168

5635 5863 1 136

6352 6473 3 136

5299 6303 3 121

4447 6071 6 111

322

181

R3HIBPQ 270 9787 7926

R4HIBPQ 5090 8920 7363

R5HIBPQ 265 10499 8809

R6HIBPQ 227 8689 8172

R7HIBPQ 3471 7488 8205

R8HIBPQ 207 8109 9126

R9HIBPQ 143 7155 9103

1072

959

1020

816

6 1

5

6 1

4265 107 2

3 1

5

37

5 1

3 4

1

S2HIBPQ 5970 584 4319 5501

S3HIBPQ 5658 418 240 6771 4903

S4HIBPQ 6869 537 3503 6056 4409

S5HIBPQ 6538 311 247 7159 5319

29

1

S6HIBPQ 6306 220 210 5823 4953

S7HIBPQ 6777 380 2484 4975 4930

S8HIBPQ 6417 317 198 5499 5363

S9HIBPQ 6206 365 139 4750 5283

648

577

668

474

6 1

5

6 1

3120 104 1 28

3 1

4

2 4

1

R4DIAB 12

R5DIAB 4

R6DIAB 6

R7DIAB 17

R8DIAB 17 1

R9DIAB 15

4

2

4

2

3

16453 3007 3 108

14897 3191 3 68

16398 3609 5 96

14626 3716 3 104

13323 3771 3 102

1 16

R2DIAB 10

R3DIAB 8 2

1 2 11262 1390

8877 1023

1203 17057 1371

15334 2480

18224 3043

165

105

S2DIAB 3

S3DIAB 4 2

S4DIAB 3

S5DIAB 2

S6DIAB 3

S7DIAB 6

S8DIAB 6

S9DIAB 7

5970 584 857 11468 760

5658 418

6869 537

2 6538 311

1 6306 220

1 6777 380

1 6417 317

1 6206 365

10251 1546

12037 1869

10791 1869 2 64

9617 1976 3 41

10660 2240 4 61

9416 2245 1 66

8334 2246 2 56

112

69

Section B: Health

421

Value-------------------------| R1DIABQ 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 12652 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: |

R2DIABQ 8189 10103

Value-------------------------| S1DIABQ .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 9900 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: |

S2DIABQ 5970 584 4319 7774

Value-------------------------| R1CANCR .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .T=Other | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 11949 1. Yes | 703 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

R2CANCR 9

Value-------------------------| S1CANCR .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .T=Other | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 9365 1. Yes | 535 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

S2CANCR 4

R3DIABQ 270 15518 2200

R4DIABQ 5090 14169 2116

R5DIABQ 265 16706 2603

R6DIABQ 227 14400 2461

R7DIABQ 3471 13075 2618

R8DIABQ 207 14238 2997

R9DIABQ 143 13126 3132

1072

959

1020

816

1203 107 2

5

6 1

5 1

6 1

1

3 1 2 3

S3DIABQ 5658 418 240 10308 1366

S4DIABQ 6869 537 3503 9161 1307

S5DIABQ 6538 311 247 10892 1587

S6DIABQ 6306 220 210 9278 1498

S7DIABQ 6777 380 2484 8306 1599

S8DIABQ 6417 317 198 9078 1784

S9DIABQ 6206 365 139 8202 1831

648

577

668

474

29 11

857 104 1

3 1 2 1

4

6 1

5 1

6 1

R3CANCR 7 2 3 1

R4CANCR 10

R5CANCR 10

R6CANCR 5

R7CANCR 13

R9CANCR 9

1

5

2

3

R8CANCR 14 1 2

16010 1880

18978 2333

17151 2344 1 68

15667 2444 3 46

17420 2630 1 62

15746 2652 2 52

14477 2670

88

62

S3CANCR 6 2 1 1 5658 418

S4CANCR 3

S5CANCR 3

S6CANCR 4

S7CANCR 7

S8CANCR 6

S9CANCR 5

1

2

2

1

1

2

6869 537

6538 311

6306 220

6777 380

6417 317

6206 365

10694 1154

12498 1452

11248 1435 1 41

10124 1483 2 26

11334 1595 1 34

10116 1592

9021 1582

20

36

57

24

28 6

3 580 17777 1273

3 5970 584 422 11948 711

3

58

Value-------------------------|R1CANCRQ R2CANCRQ R3CANCRQ R4CANCRQ R5CANCRQ R6CANCRQ R7CANCRQ R8CANCRQ R9CANCRQ 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 12652 8189 270 5090 265 227 3471 207 143 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 10728 16165 14760 17370 14963 13688 15072 14055 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 1543 1525 1939 1898 2004 2163 2201 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 580 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 1072 959 1020 816 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 107 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 2 3 5 6 5 6 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 29 1 1 1 1 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 9 10 3 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: | 1 2 1 2 Value-------------------------|S1CANCRQ S2CANCRQ S3CANCRQ S4CANCRQ S5CANCRQ S6CANCRQ S7CANCRQ S8CANCRQ S9CANCRQ .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 9900 4319 240 3503 247 210 2484 198 139 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 8208 10747 9560 11311 9642 8709 9603 8733 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 921 909 1168 1134 1195 1259 1298

Section B: Health

422

4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: |

422 648

577

668

6 1

5 1

6 1

474

104 1 28 7

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .T=Other | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 1. Yes | 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

R1LUNG

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .T=Other | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 1. Yes | 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

S1LUNG

R2LUNG 8 1

11634 1018

879 17581 1173

S2LUNG 5

3 1 1 1

4

R3LUNG 2 2 2 1

R4LUNG 7

R5LUNG 9

R6LUNG 8

R7LUNG 10

4

2

15971 1751

19239 1932

17575 1792 10 189

262

206

S3LUNG 1 2

S4LUNG 2

5 1

1 2373 379 9157 743

5970 584 614 11811 657

Value-------------------------| R1LUNGQ 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 12652 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 13.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: |

R2LUNGQ 8189 10433

1

2 R9LUNG 8

3

R8LUNG 18 1 2

16306 1761 1 89

18077 1900 4 135

16454 1869 2 123

15223 1872 3 108

S5LUNG 5

S6LUNG 4

S7LUNG 3

S8LUNG 7

S9LUNG 5

2

2

1

2

3

1 5658 418

6869 537

6538 311

6306 220

6777 380

6417 317

6206 365

10684 1072

12728 1121

11575 1043 4 101

10605 982 1 47

11824 1057 3 85

10632 1027 2 66

9582 1002 1 54

155

127

R3LUNGQ 270 16000 1717

R4LUNGQ 5090 14793 1479

R5LUNGQ 265 17680 1629

R6LUNGQ 227 15466 1393

R7LUNGQ 3471 14257 1436

R8LUNGQ 207 15675 1560

R9LUNGQ 143 14696 1562

1072

959

1020

816

6 1

5

6 1

879 107 2

3 1

5

2

3 15

Value-------------------------| S1LUNGQ .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 9900 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 13.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: |

S2LUNGQ 5970 584 4319 8021

S3LUNGQ 5658 418 240 10631 1043

S4LUNGQ 6869 537 3503 9592 868

Value-------------------------| R1HEART .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | 0. No | 10986 1. Yes | 1666 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

R2HEART 10

29

5

1 2

S5LUNGQ 6538 311 247 11559 920

S6LUNGQ 6306 220 210 10004 770

S7LUNGQ 6777 380 2484 9115 790

S8LUNGQ 6417 317 198 10028 834

S9LUNGQ 6206 365 139 9212 821

648

577

668

474

6 1

5

6 1

614 104 1 28

3 1

4

1 2

16422 3210

1 10 R3HEART 1 2 2 13601 4119

R4HEART 13

266

179

16368 4307

2

R5HEART 4

R6HEART 10

R7HEART 19

4 15031 4374 6 160

2 13482 4551 3 119

2 15174 4789 3 142

R8HEART 17 1 2 13572 4700 2 175

R9HEART 14 4 12501 4511 4 183

Section B: Health

423

6. Preld prob:prev had/no new | Value-------------------------| S1HEART .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0. No | 8614 1. Yes | 1286 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con| 6. Preld prob:prev had/no new |

517 S2HEART 4

S3HEART

S4HEART 5

S5HEART 1

S6HEART 4

S7HEART 7

S8HEART 3

S9HEART 8

2 6538 311 9990 2638 3 96

2 6306 220 8888 2686 2 59

6777 380 10053 2827 1 84

1 6417 317 8887 2748 1 95

2 6206 365 7927 2617 3 89

2 5970 584 11311 1773

5658 418 9255 2504

6869 537 10970 2655

154

98 250

Value-------------------------|R1HEARTQ R2HEARTQ R3HEARTQ R4HEARTQ R5HEARTQ R6HEARTQ R7HEARTQ R8HEARTQ R9HEARTQ 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 12652 8188 270 5090 265 227 3471 207 143 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 9813 14070 12790 15647 13195 12058 13336 12413 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 3645 2570 3660 3461 3634 3899 3844 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 1072 959 1020 816 6.ReIvw,Cond: told had since l| 1442 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 107 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 2 3 5 6 5 6 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 15 1 1 1 13.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 1 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 6 3 906 2 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: | 1 24 205 1 1 18.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 15 19.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: | 56 Value-------------------------|S1HEARTQ S2HEARTQ S3HEARTQ S4HEARTQ S5HEARTQ S6HEARTQ S7HEARTQ S8HEARTQ S9HEARTQ .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 9900 4318 240 3503 247 210 2484 198 139 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 7524 9472 8416 10247 8609 7770 8589 7825 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 2201 1611 2230 2078 2135 2273 2208 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 648 577 668 474 6.ReIvw,Cond: told had since l| 1071 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 104 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 1 3 4 6 5 6 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 14 1 1 1 13.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 1 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 3 1 441 2 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: | 3 89 18.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 15 19.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: | 39 Value-------------------------| R1STROK .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 12257 1. Yes | 395 2. TIA/possible stroke | 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

R2STROK 4

R3STROK 4 2 2

R4STROK 8

16679 1106 130

19792 1363 167

68

54

Value-------------------------| S1STROK .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 9604 1. Yes | 296 2. TIA/possible stroke | 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con|

S2STROK 2

S3STROK 2 2

5970 584 240 12378 393 75

323 18384 792 139

R5STROK 2

R6STROK 8

R7STROK 6

R9STROK 10

1

R8STROK 12 1 2

5

2

18088 1319 123 4 38

16720 1273 146 2 16

18627 1327 141 2 25

16988 1298 126 3 39

15765 1284 124 1 29

S4STROK 3

S5STROK 1

S6STROK 2

S7STROK 2

S8STROK 5

S9STROK 4

5658 418

6869 537

2 6538 311

2 6306 220

6777 380

1 6417 317

2 6206 365

11183 631 62

13126 738 80

11934 714 57 2 20

10900 650 73 2 12

12198 694 69

10955 694 63

9919 658 55

9

17

8

4

Section B: Health

424

5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

35

31

Value-------------------------|R1STROKQ R2STROKQ R3STROKQ R4STROKQ R5STROKQ R6STROKQ R7STROKQ R8STROKQ R9STROKQ 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 12652 8189 270 5090 265 227 3471 207 143 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 10984 16733 15318 18113 15867 14684 16177 15200 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 869 921 1064 908 910 962 971 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 323 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 1072 959 1020 816 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 107 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 2 3 5 6 5 6 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 29 1 1 1 1 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 10 116 51 132 86 99 96 87 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: | 1 Value-------------------------|S1STROKQ S2STROKQ S3STROKQ S4STROKQ S5STROKQ S6STROKQ S7STROKQ S8STROKQ S9STROKQ .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 9900 4319 240 3503 247 210 2484 198 139 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 8397 11123 9949 11839 10258 9371 10295 9488 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 495 503 571 473 479 516 498 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 240 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 648 577 668 474 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 104 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 1 3 4 6 5 6 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 28 1 1 1 1 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 56 19 69 45 55 51 47 Value-------------------------| R1PSYCH .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .T=Other | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 11283 1. Yes | 1369 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

R2PSYCH 2

Value-------------------------| S1PSYCH .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .T=Other | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 8982 1. Yes | 918 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

S2PSYCH 2

5 1193 17090 1352

R3PSYCH 7 2 3 1

R4PSYCH 12

R5PSYCH 6

R6PSYCH 6

R7PSYCH 20

1

3

4

15089 2467

18086 2998

16403 2873 7 287

422

287

S3PSYCH 1 2

S4PSYCH 7

3 5970 584 763 11540 780

R9PSYCH 15

11

R8PSYCH 18 1 3

15117 2862 7 171

16624 3215 11 248

15023 3227 3 194

13907 3100 5 187

S5PSYCH 2

S6PSYCH 1

S7PSYCH 11

S8PSYCH 8

S9PSYCH 7

3

1

1

3

8

2

2

1 5658 418

6869 537

6538 311

6306 220

6777 380

6417 317

6206 365

10201 1453

12118 1684

10952 1613 3 159

9978 1556 5 98

11077 1742 6 128

9876 1738 1 110

8912 1623 3 99

257

168

Value-------------------------|R1PSYCHQ R2PSYCHQ R3PSYCHQ R4PSYCHQ R5PSYCHQ R6PSYCHQ R7PSYCHQ R8PSYCHQ R9PSYCHQ 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 12652 8189 270 5090 265 227 3471 207 143 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 10109 15419 14078 16663 14468 13259 14510 13510 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 2285 2201 2642 2392 2434 2725 2748 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 1193 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 1072 959 1020 816 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 107 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 2 3 5 6 5 6 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 29 1 1 1 13.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 1 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 15 1 3 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: | 14 8 4 1 Value-------------------------|S1PSYCHQ S2PSYCHQ S3PSYCHQ S4PSYCHQ S5PSYCHQ S6PSYCHQ S7PSYCHQ S8PSYCHQ S9PSYCHQ .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 9900 4319 240 3503 247 210 2484 198 139 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 7868 10302 9223 11012 9465 8597 9427 8599

Section B: Health

3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 13.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: |

425

1363

1241

1467

1311

1308

1435

1434

648

577

668

474

6 1

5

6 1

763 104 1 28

3 1

4

1 6 9

Value-------------------------| R1ARTHR .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .T=Other | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 7880 1. Yes | 4772 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

R2ARTHR 11

Value-------------------------| S1ARTHR .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .T=Other | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 6323 1. Yes | 3577 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con| 5. Disp prev record (DK if con|

S2ARTHR 5

4241 12348 3042

5970 584 3076 8325 1682

2 5

R3ARTHR 4 2 2 1

R4ARTHR 21

R5ARTHR 9

R6ARTHR 24

R7ARTHR 23

R9ARTHR 23

2

R8ARTHR 16 1 2

1

6

2

8497 9101

9772 11257

8117 11116 14 317

7046 10841 9 245

8349 11472 9 274

7169 11037 6 238

6301 10587 5 297

384

333

S3ARTHR 4 2

S4ARTHR 9

S5ARTHR 6

S6ARTHR 11

S7ARTHR 12

S8ARTHR 4

S9ARTHR 12

4

1

2

2

1

1

2

1 5658 418

6869 537

6538 311

6306 220

6777 380

6417 317

6206 365

5987 5643

6919 6834

5764 6746 9 203

4884 6581 6 157

5874 6916 7 162

5004 6590 3 133

4280 6167 2 183

278

215

Value-------------------------|R1ARTHRQ R2ARTHRQ R3ARTHRQ R4ARTHRQ R5ARTHRQ R6ARTHRQ R7ARTHRQ R8ARTHRQ R9ARTHRQ 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 12652 8189 270 5090 265 227 3471 207 143 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 7044 11104 8148 9210 7435 6357 7346 6584 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 6612 8136 10099 9422 9336 9889 9674 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 4241 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 1072 959 1020 816 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 107 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 2 3 5 6 5 6 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 29 1 1 13.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 1 1 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 32 3 4 4 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: | 2 Value-------------------------|S1ARTHRQ S2ARTHRQ S3ARTHRQ S4ARTHRQ S5ARTHRQ S6ARTHRQ S7ARTHRQ S8ARTHRQ S9ARTHRQ .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 9900 4319 240 3503 247 210 2484 198 139 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 5543 7394 5589 6435 5117 4338 5038 4432 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 4280 4877 6044 5657 5567 5824 5601 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 3076 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 648 577 668 474 10.Ovrlap-93Ivw: have had [eve| 104 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 1 3 4 6 5 6 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 28 1 1 13.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,Cond: | 1 1 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: | 18 3 2 16.ReIvw,NoCond BUT Pre=Cond: | 2

How Constructed: RwHIBP, RwDIAB, RwCANCR, RwLUNG, RwHEART, RwSTROK, RwPSYCH, and RwARTHR indicate the raw response to the question regarding whether or not a doctor has told the respondent he/she had these conditions. The exact question wording depends on whether this is a first interview, whether the person being interviewed is the same as in the prior interview, and whether the condition was

Section B: Health

426

reported at a prior interview. RwHIBPQ, RwDIABQ, RwCANCRQ, RwLUNGQ, RwHEARTQ, RwSTROKQ, RwPSYCHQ, and RwARTHRQ indicate the question wording used, based on preload variables, and whether the preloaded information is correct. The conditions are 1) high blood pressure or hypertension; 2) diabetes or high blood sugar; 3) cancer or a malignant tumor of any kind except skin cancer; 4) chronic lung disease except asthma such as chronic bronchitis or emphysema; 5) heart attack, coronary heart disease, angina, congestive heart failure, or other heart problems; 6) stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA); 7) emotional, nervous, or psychiatric problems; and 8)arthritis or rheumatism. The question wording is one of the following (main codes in __Q variables are given in parentheses): If new interview, or from Wave 6 forward, new person answering questions (1.NewIvw or 5.ReIvw/NewR): Has a doctor ever told you that you have ... If reinterview and no prior report of condition (2.ReIvw,NoCond): Since we last talked to you, that is since [last interview date], has a doctor told you that you have ... Beginning in Wave 3, if reinterview and prior report of condition (3.ReIvw,Cond): Our records from your last interview show that you have had ..., and the respondent has the opportunity to dispute the statement. In Wave 2H, if it is a reinterview and the condition is reported in Wave 1 (4.ReIvw,Cond), the question is skipped, except for the heart condition question which asks about the time since last interview (6.ReIvw,Cond: told had since last Ivw). Wave 2A is the first wave for Ahead respondents so they are all new interviews. In Wave 2A, the HRS-AHEAD overlap cases are treated as though this is their first interview. These cases have a Wave 1 interview as part of the HRS cohort but because of their ages are given to Ahead in 1993. So in both 1992 and 1993, they are asked: Has a doctor ever told yout that you have.... These cases are assigned a code of 10 in Wave 2A. They may or may not have reported having the condition in Wave 1, The __Q variables have additional codes that indicate situations where the preload variables determine the question wording but do not agree with the actual situation in prior waves. For example, 11 means that R has a prior interview but the preload indicates this is a new interview, so the question asks if R has ever been told about a condition, and 15 means that R previously reported having a condition but the preload indicates a prior interview and no condition, so the question asks if R has been told about a condition since last interview. In the latter case, an answer of No is consistent with having been told of the condition at or before the last interview but not since. Codes 18 and 19 apply only to the question about a heart condition in Wave 2H. RwHIBP, RwDIAB, RwCANCR, RwLUNG, RwHEART, RwSTROK, RwPSYCH, and RwARTHR are recoded to reflect the answer given. The meaning of the answer depends on the question asked, so the analyst may want to consider these variables in conjunction with the corresponding __Q variables. Generally, a 1 means yes and 0 means no. Note that for a re-interview when the condition was previously reported, a 1 in this variable simply means R did not dispute the statement about the records from last interview. In Waves 3 and 4, this can be disputed but no follow-up as to whether R currently has the condition is done; these are assigned a code of 5. From Wave 5 forward, the interviewer is asked to probe for current condition if the statement is disputed; these are assigned a code of 3 or 4, depending on whether R says s/he has the condition now or not, respectively. In Wave 2H, if the question is skipped because the preload indicates the condition was reported in Wave 1, condition variable is set to .Y if the condition is indeed reported in Wave 1, and .P if the condition is not reported in Wave 1. R4HEART is set to 6 if the raw variable indicates that the incorrect question is asked due to a preload problem, and R reports no condition since last interview. These cases had previously reported a heart condition. SwHIBP, SwDIAB, SwCANCR, SwLUNG, SwHEART, SwSTROK, SwPSYCH, SwARTHR, SwHIBPQ, SwDIABQ, SwCANCRQ, SwLUNGQ, SwHEARTQ, SwSTROKQ, SwPSYCHQ, and SwARTHRQ give this information for the respondent's spouse or partner.

Section B: Health

427

The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3HIBP is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3HIBP variable. Please see RwHIBPE, RwDIABE, RwCANCRE, RwLUNGE, RwHEARTE, RwSTROKE, RwPSYCHE, and RwARTHRE for variables that indicate whether R has ever reported having these conditions. The __E variables consider answers from all previous waves, and not just the current one. Please see the 'Change in Health' variables as well. Included there are variables that measure whether the individual conditions are new in a particular wave, i.e., reported as new since the last interview. There is a summary measure for these new conditions as well.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data A series of questions asks the respondent if a doctor has ever diagnosed him/her with certain medical conditions. At a respondent's first interview, the question asks: Has a doctor ever told you that you have ... From Wave 6 forward, if the person answering the questions is new, the question is asked as though it were the first interview, regardless of what had been reported at prior interviews. Thus if the prior interview was given by the respondent and the current is by proxy, or vice versa, or if both interviews are by proxy but conducted with different people, then this is treated like a first interview and the ever question wording is used. At subsequent interviews, the question wording depends on whether the appropriate preloaded variable indicates that the respondent has said yes to the condition at a prior interview. If not, the question wording is: Since we last talked to you, that is since [last interview date], has a doctor told you that you have ... What happens if the respondent had reported a condition at a prior interview varies across waves. In Wave 2H, if the preloaded variable indicates that the respondent reported the condition in Wave 1, no question is asked for most conditions. For heart problems, the above question is asked regardless of the preloaded variable value; if the preloaded variable indicates a Wave 1 heart problem, it is prefaced by a statement that a heart condition has already been reported. Beginning in Wave 3, if the preloaded variable indicates that the respondent reported a condition at a prior interview, a statement is read: Our records from your last interview show that you have had ... No explicit question is asked. If the respondent disputes the statement voluntarily, this is recorded, but no follow-up on the current diagnosis of the condition is asked in Waves 3 and 4. Starting in Wave 5, if the respondent disputes the statement, the interviewer is instructed to probe as to whether or not the respondent has since been diagnosed with the condition. The dispute is recorded as 'disputes previous wave record but now has the condition' or 'disputes and does not have the condition'. Most disputes are of the latter type. If the respondent does not dispute the statement, the variable that indicates the diagnosis of the condition is set to yes. In Wave 4, an alternate variable is provided for the heart condition question (F1156A). Apparently a skip pattern problem in this wave causes some cases who had previously reported a heart condition to be asked if they’d been told they had one since last interview, and some respond No. These cases are identified in F1156A. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, a code for "possible stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)" is added, if the respondent volunteered this information in answer to the question about strokes. This code is not available in Waves 1 and 2H. TIA is treated the same as a "yes" answer in deriving RwSTROKE but is coded separately in RwSTROK. The definition of “doctor” in Wave 6 was: Medical doctors include specialists such as, Dermatologists, Psychiatrists, Ophthalmologists, as well as general practitioners, and Osteopaths. Do not include Chiropractors, Dentists, or Nurses/Nurse Practitioners.

Section B: Health

428

In Wave 7 this was expanded as follows: Medical doctors include specialists such as Dermatologists, Psychiatrists, Ophthalmologists, Osteopaths, Cardiologists, as well as family doctors, internists and physicians’ assistants.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V325 V328 V337 V401 V406 V417 V422 V426 AHEAD 1993: B215 B219 B225 B235 B242 B252 B259 B265 HRS 1994: W2RESP W328 W331 W339 W362 W367 W368 W379 W384 W387 AHEAD 1995: D109 D110 D111 D112 D113 D114 D115 D116 D370 D781 D788 D801 D818 D828 D848 D861 D866 HRS 1996: E109 E110 E111 E112 E113 E114 E115 E116

B6:EVER HI BLD PRESS:IMP B7:EVER DIAB/HI BLD :IMP B9: CANCER/MALIGN TU:IMP B15:CHRONIC LUNG DIS:IMP B16:EVER HEART PROBL:IMP B22:EVER HAD STROKE :IMP B23:EMOT/NERV/PSYCH :IMP B25:ARTHRITIS/RHEUMA:IMP B3. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE EVER B4. DIABETES: NOW B5. CANCER EVER B6. LUNG DISEASE: EVER B7. HEART CONDITION: EVER B8. STROKE: EVER B9. PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS: EVER B10. ARTHRITIS: PAST 12 MONTHS HRS Wave 2 Status Flag B6a.HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE B7.DIABETES/HIGH BLOOD S B9.CANCER/MALIGNANT TUMO B14.CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE B15.HEART PROBLEMS EVER B15.HEART CONDITIONS B21.STROKE B23.EMOTIONAL/NERVOUS/PS B24.ARTHRITIS/RHEUMATISM W1 R HIGH BP V215 W1 DIABETES V219 W1 CANCER V225 W1 LUNG V235 W1 HEART V244/245/252 W1 STROKE V254 W1 PSYCHIATRIC V259 W1 ARTHRITIS V265 W1 INTERV B3. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE B4. DIABETES B5.CANCER B6. LUNG B7. HEART CONDITION B9. STROKE B10. PSYCHIATRIC B11. ARTHRITIS PREV PREV PREV PREV PREV PREV PREV PREV

WAVE WAVE WAVE WAVE WAVE WAVE WAVE WAVE

R HIGH BP V215 DIABETES V219 CANCER V225 LUNG V235 HEART V244/245/252 STROKE V254 PSYCHIATRIC V259 ARTHRITIS V265

Section B: Health

E370 E781 E788 E801 E818 E828 E848 E861 E866 HRS 1998: F1109 F1116 F1129 F1146 F1156 F1176 F1189 F1194 F230 F231 F232 F233 F234 F235 F236 F237 F682 HRS 2000: G1238 G1245 G1262 G1279 G1289 G1309 G1322 G1327 G230 G231 G232 G233 G234 G235 G236 G237 G753 HRS 2002: HA009 HA010 HC005 HC010 HC018 HC030 HC036 HC053 HC065 HC070 HZ076 HZ095 HZ101 HZ102 HZ103 HZ104 HZ105

PREV WAVE INTERV B3. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE B4. DIABETES B5.CANCER B6. LUNG B7. HEART CONDITION B9. STROKE B10. PSYCHIATRIC B11. ARTHRITIS B3. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE B4. DIABETES B5.CANCER B6. LUNG B7. HEART CONDITION B9. STROKE B10. PSYCHIATRIC B11. ARTHRITIS PREV WAVE R HIGH BP PREV WAVE DIABETES PREV WAVE CANCER PREV WAVE LUNG PREV WAVE HEART PREV WAVE STROKE PREV WAVE PSYCHIATRIC PREV WAVE ARTHRITIS PREVIOUS WAVE INTERV B3.HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE B4. DIABETES B5.CANCER B6. LUNG B7. HEART CONDITION B9. STROKE B10. PSYCHIATRIC B11. ARTHRITIS PR230.PREV WAVE R HIGH BP PR231.PREV WAVE DIABETES PR232.PREV WAVE CANCER PR233.PREV WAVE LUNG PR234.PREV WAVE HEART PR235.PREV WAVE STROKE PR236.PREV WAVE PSYCHIATRIC PR237.PREV WAVE ARTHRITIS CS22Y30.PREVIOUS WAVE INTERV PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CURRENT - WAVE PROXY HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DIABETES CANCER OF ANY KIND EXCLUDING SKIN LUNG DISEASE HEART CONDITION STROKE EMOTIONAL/PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS ARTHRITIS R EVER INTERVIEWED PREV WAVE IW SELF/PROXY PREV WAVE R HAS HIGH BLOODPRESSURE PREV WAVE R HAS DIABETES PREV WAVE R HAS CANCER PREV WAVE R HAS LUNG PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS HEART PROBLEMS

429

Section B: Health

HZ106 HZ107 HZ108 HRS 2004: JC005 JC010 JC018 JC030 JC036 JC053 JC065 JC070 JC185 JZ076 JZ101 JZ102 JZ103 JZ104 JZ105 JZ106 JZ107 JZ108 HRS 2006: KC005 KC010 KC018 KC030 KC036 KC053 KC065 KC070 KC185 KZ076 KZ101 KZ102 KZ103 KZ104 KZ105 KZ106 KZ107 KZ108 HRS 2008: LC005 LC010 LC018 LC030 LC036 LC053 LC065 LC070 LZ076 LZ101 LZ102 LZ103 LZ104 LZ105 LZ106 LZ107 LZ108

PREV WAVE R HAS HAD STROKE PREV WAVE R HAS PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS ARTHRITIS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DIABETES CANCER OF ANY KIND EXCLUDING SKIN LUNG DISEASE HEART CONDITION STROKE EMOTIONAL/PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS ARTHRITIS DIFFERENT REPORTER FROM PREV IW R EVER INTERVIEWED PREV WAVE R HAS HIGH BLOODPRESSURE PREV WAVE R HAS DIABETES PREV WAVE R HAS CANCER PREV WAVE R HAS LUNG PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS HEART PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS HAD STROKE PREV WAVE R HAS PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS ARTHRITIS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DIABETES CANCER OF ANY KIND EXCLUDING SKIN LUNG DISEASE HEART CONDITION STROKE EMOTIONAL/PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS ARTHRITIS DIFFERENT REPORTER FROM PREV IW R EVER INTERVIEWED PREV WAVE R HAS HIGH BLOODPRESSURE PREV WAVE R HAS DIABETES PREV WAVE R HAS CANCER PREV WAVE R HAS LUNG PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS HEART PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS HAD STROKE PREV WAVE R HAS PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS ARTHRITIS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DIABETES CANCER OF ANY KIND EXCLUDING SKIN LUNG DISEASE HEART CONDITION STROKE EMOTIONAL/PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS ARTHRITIS R EVER INTERVIEWED PREV WAVE R HAS HIGH BLOODPRESSURE PREV WAVE R HAS DIABETES PREV WAVE R HAS CANCER PREV WAVE R HAS LUNG PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS HEART PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS HAD STROKE PREV WAVE R HAS PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS PREV WAVE R HAS ARTHRITIS

430

Section B: Health

431

Doctor diagnosed health problems: Ever Have Condition Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HIBPE R2HIBPE R3HIBPE R4HIBPE R5HIBPE R6HIBPE R7HIBPE R8HIBPE R9HIBPE

R1HIBPE:W1 R2HIBPE:W2 R3HIBPE:W3 R4HIBPE:W4 R5HIBPE:W5 R6HIBPE:W6 R7HIBPE:W7 R8HIBPE:W8 R9HIBPE:W9

R R R R R R R R R

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

high high high high high high high high high

blood blood blood blood blood blood blood blood blood

pressure pressure pressure pressure pressure pressure pressure pressure pressure

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HIBPE S2HIBPE S3HIBPE S4HIBPE S5HIBPE S6HIBPE S7HIBPE S8HIBPE S9HIBPE

S1HIBPE:W1 S2HIBPE:W2 S3HIBPE:W3 S4HIBPE:W4 S5HIBPE:W5 S6HIBPE:W6 S7HIBPE:W7 S8HIBPE:W8 S9HIBPE:W9

S S S S S S S S S

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

high high high high high high high high high

blood blood blood blood blood blood blood blood blood

pressure pressure pressure pressure pressure pressure pressure pressure pressure

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HIBPF R2HIBPF R3HIBPF R4HIBPF R5HIBPF R6HIBPF R7HIBPF R8HIBPF R9HIBPF

R1HIBPF:W1 R2HIBPF:W2 R3HIBPF:W3 R4HIBPF:W4 R5HIBPF:W5 R6HIBPF:W6 R7HIBPF:W7 R8HIBPF:W8 R9HIBPF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi

BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HIBPF S2HIBPF S3HIBPF S4HIBPF S5HIBPF S6HIBPF S7HIBPF S8HIBPF S9HIBPF

S1HIBPF:W1 S2HIBPF:W2 S3HIBPF:W3 S4HIBPF:W4 S5HIBPF:W5 S6HIBPF:W6 S7HIBPF:W7 S8HIBPF:W8 S9HIBPF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi

BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DIABE R2DIABE R3DIABE R4DIABE R5DIABE R6DIABE R7DIABE R8DIABE R9DIABE

R1DIABE:W1 R2DIABE:W2 R3DIABE:W3 R4DIABE:W4 R5DIABE:W5 R6DIABE:W6 R7DIABE:W7 R8DIABE:W8 R9DIABE:W9

R R R R R R R R R

diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

S1DIABE

S1DIABE:W1 S ever had diabetes

Categ

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

Section B: Health

432

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2DIABE S3DIABE S4DIABE S5DIABE S6DIABE S7DIABE S8DIABE S9DIABE

S2DIABE:W2 S3DIABE:W3 S4DIABE:W4 S5DIABE:W5 S6DIABE:W6 S7DIABE:W7 S8DIABE:W8 S9DIABE:W9

S S S S S S S S

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had

diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DIABF R2DIABF R3DIABF R4DIABF R5DIABF R6DIABF R7DIABF R8DIABF R9DIABF

R1DIABF:W1 R2DIABF:W2 R3DIABF:W3 R4DIABF:W4 R5DIABF:W5 R6DIABF:W6 R7DIABF:W7 R8DIABF:W8 R9DIABF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIABF S2DIABF S3DIABF S4DIABF S5DIABF S6DIABF S7DIABF S8DIABF S9DIABF

S1DIABF:W1 S2DIABF:W2 S3DIABF:W3 S4DIABF:W4 S5DIABF:W5 S6DIABF:W6 S7DIABF:W7 S8DIABF:W8 S9DIABF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1CANCRE R2CANCRE R3CANCRE R4CANCRE R5CANCRE R6CANCRE R7CANCRE R8CANCRE R9CANCRE

R1CANCRE:W1 R2CANCRE:W2 R3CANCRE:W3 R4CANCRE:W4 R5CANCRE:W5 R6CANCRE:W6 R7CANCRE:W7 R8CANCRE:W8 R9CANCRE:W9

R R R R R R R R R

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CANCRE S2CANCRE S3CANCRE S4CANCRE S5CANCRE S6CANCRE S7CANCRE S8CANCRE S9CANCRE

S1CANCRE:W1 S2CANCRE:W2 S3CANCRE:W3 S4CANCRE:W4 S5CANCRE:W5 S6CANCRE:W6 S7CANCRE:W7 S8CANCRE:W8 S9CANCRE:W9

S S S S S S S S S

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R1CANCRF R2CANCRF R3CANCRF R4CANCRF R5CANCRF R6CANCRF R7CANCRF R8CANCRF

R1CANCRF:W1 R2CANCRF:W2 R3CANCRF:W3 R4CANCRF:W4 R5CANCRF:W5 R6CANCRF:W6 R7CANCRF:W7 R8CANCRF:W8

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

433

9

R9CANCRF

R9CANCRF:W9 Flag dispute chg cancer

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CANCRF S2CANCRF S3CANCRF S4CANCRF S5CANCRF S6CANCRF S7CANCRF S8CANCRF S9CANCRF

S1CANCRF:W1 S2CANCRF:W2 S3CANCRF:W3 S4CANCRF:W4 S5CANCRF:W5 S6CANCRF:W6 S7CANCRF:W7 S8CANCRF:W8 S9CANCRF:W9

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LUNGE R2LUNGE R3LUNGE R4LUNGE R5LUNGE R6LUNGE R7LUNGE R8LUNGE R9LUNGE

R1LUNGE:W1 R2LUNGE:W2 R3LUNGE:W3 R4LUNGE:W4 R5LUNGE:W5 R6LUNGE:W6 R7LUNGE:W7 R8LUNGE:W8 R9LUNGE:W9

R R R R R R R R R

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung

disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LUNGE S2LUNGE S3LUNGE S4LUNGE S5LUNGE S6LUNGE S7LUNGE S8LUNGE S9LUNGE

S1LUNGE:W1 S2LUNGE:W2 S3LUNGE:W3 S4LUNGE:W4 S5LUNGE:W5 S6LUNGE:W6 S7LUNGE:W7 S8LUNGE:W8 S9LUNGE:W9

S S S S S S S S S

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung

disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LUNGF R2LUNGF R3LUNGF R4LUNGF R5LUNGF R6LUNGF R7LUNGF R8LUNGF R9LUNGF

R1LUNGF:W1 R2LUNGF:W2 R3LUNGF:W3 R4LUNGF:W4 R5LUNGF:W5 R6LUNGF:W6 R7LUNGF:W7 R8LUNGF:W8 R9LUNGF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung

disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LUNGF S2LUNGF S3LUNGF S4LUNGF S5LUNGF S6LUNGF S7LUNGF S8LUNGF S9LUNGF

S1LUNGF:W1 S2LUNGF:W2 S3LUNGF:W3 S4LUNGF:W4 S5LUNGF:W5 S6LUNGF:W6 S7LUNGF:W7 S8LUNGF:W8 S9LUNGF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung

disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease disease

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5

R1HEARTE R2HEARTE R3HEARTE R4HEARTE R5HEARTE

R1HEARTE:W1 R2HEARTE:W2 R3HEARTE:W3 R4HEARTE:W4 R5HEARTE:W5

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

R R R R R

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

heart heart heart heart heart

cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer

problems problems problems problems problems

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

434

6 7 8 9

R6HEARTE R7HEARTE R8HEARTE R9HEARTE

R6HEARTE:W6 R7HEARTE:W7 R8HEARTE:W8 R9HEARTE:W9

R R R R

ever ever ever ever

had had had had

heart heart heart heart

problems problems problems problems

Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HEARTE S2HEARTE S3HEARTE S4HEARTE S5HEARTE S6HEARTE S7HEARTE S8HEARTE S9HEARTE

S1HEARTE:W1 S2HEARTE:W2 S3HEARTE:W3 S4HEARTE:W4 S5HEARTE:W5 S6HEARTE:W6 S7HEARTE:W7 S8HEARTE:W8 S9HEARTE:W9

S S S S S S S S S

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart

problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HEARTF R2HEARTF R3HEARTF R4HEARTF R5HEARTF R6HEARTF R7HEARTF R8HEARTF R9HEARTF

R1HEARTF:W1 R2HEARTF:W2 R3HEARTF:W3 R4HEARTF:W4 R5HEARTF:W5 R6HEARTF:W6 R7HEARTF:W7 R8HEARTF:W8 R9HEARTF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HEARTF S2HEARTF S3HEARTF S4HEARTF S5HEARTF S6HEARTF S7HEARTF S8HEARTF S9HEARTF

S1HEARTF:W1 S2HEARTF:W2 S3HEARTF:W3 S4HEARTF:W4 S5HEARTF:W5 S6HEARTF:W6 S7HEARTF:W7 S8HEARTF:W8 S9HEARTF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1STROKE R2STROKE R3STROKE R4STROKE R5STROKE R6STROKE R7STROKE R8STROKE R9STROKE

R1STROKE:W1 R2STROKE:W2 R3STROKE:W3 R4STROKE:W4 R5STROKE:W5 R6STROKE:W6 R7STROKE:W7 R8STROKE:W8 R9STROKE:W9

R R R R R R R R R

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1STROKE S2STROKE S3STROKE S4STROKE S5STROKE S6STROKE S7STROKE S8STROKE S9STROKE

S1STROKE:W1 S2STROKE:W2 S3STROKE:W3 S4STROKE:W4 S5STROKE:W5 S6STROKE:W6 S7STROKE:W7 S8STROKE:W8 S9STROKE:W9

S S S S S S S S S

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2

R1STROKF R2STROKF

R1STROKF:W1 Flag dispute chg stroke R2STROKF:W2 Flag dispute chg stroke

Categ Categ

Section B: Health

435

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3STROKF R4STROKF R5STROKF R6STROKF R7STROKF R8STROKF R9STROKF

R3STROKF:W3 R4STROKF:W4 R5STROKF:W5 R6STROKF:W6 R7STROKF:W7 R8STROKF:W8 R9STROKF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1STROKF S2STROKF S3STROKF S4STROKF S5STROKF S6STROKF S7STROKF S8STROKF S9STROKF

S1STROKF:W1 S2STROKF:W2 S3STROKF:W3 S4STROKF:W4 S5STROKF:W5 S6STROKF:W6 S7STROKF:W7 S8STROKF:W8 S9STROKF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1PSYCHE R2PSYCHE R3PSYCHE R4PSYCHE R5PSYCHE R6PSYCHE R7PSYCHE R8PSYCHE R9PSYCHE

R1PSYCHE:W1 R2PSYCHE:W2 R3PSYCHE:W3 R4PSYCHE:W4 R5PSYCHE:W5 R6PSYCHE:W6 R7PSYCHE:W7 R8PSYCHE:W8 R9PSYCHE:W9

R R R R R R R R R

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych

problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1PSYCHE S2PSYCHE S3PSYCHE S4PSYCHE S5PSYCHE S6PSYCHE S7PSYCHE S8PSYCHE S9PSYCHE

S1PSYCHE:W1 S2PSYCHE:W2 S3PSYCHE:W3 S4PSYCHE:W4 S5PSYCHE:W5 S6PSYCHE:W6 S7PSYCHE:W7 S8PSYCHE:W8 S9PSYCHE:W9

S S S S S S S S S

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych

problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1PSYCHF R2PSYCHF R3PSYCHF R4PSYCHF R5PSYCHF R6PSYCHF R7PSYCHF R8PSYCHF R9PSYCHF

R1PSYCHF:W1 R2PSYCHF:W2 R3PSYCHF:W3 R4PSYCHF:W4 R5PSYCHF:W5 R6PSYCHF:W6 R7PSYCHF:W7 R8PSYCHF:W8 R9PSYCHF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych

probs probs probs probs probs probs probs probs probs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1PSYCHF S2PSYCHF S3PSYCHF S4PSYCHF S5PSYCHF S6PSYCHF S7PSYCHF S8PSYCHF S9PSYCHF

S1PSYCHF:W1 S2PSYCHF:W2 S3PSYCHF:W3 S4PSYCHF:W4 S5PSYCHF:W5 S6PSYCHF:W6 S7PSYCHF:W7 S8PSYCHF:W8 S9PSYCHF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych

probs probs probs probs probs probs probs probs probs

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

436

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1ARTHRE R2ARTHRE R3ARTHRE R4ARTHRE R5ARTHRE R6ARTHRE R7ARTHRE R8ARTHRE R9ARTHRE

R1ARTHRE:W1 R2ARTHRE:W2 R3ARTHRE:W3 R4ARTHRE:W4 R5ARTHRE:W5 R6ARTHRE:W6 R7ARTHRE:W7 R8ARTHRE:W8 R9ARTHRE:W9

R R R R R R R R R

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1ARTHRE S2ARTHRE S3ARTHRE S4ARTHRE S5ARTHRE S6ARTHRE S7ARTHRE S8ARTHRE S9ARTHRE

S1ARTHRE:W1 S2ARTHRE:W2 S3ARTHRE:W3 S4ARTHRE:W4 S5ARTHRE:W5 S6ARTHRE:W6 S7ARTHRE:W7 S8ARTHRE:W8 S9ARTHRE:W9

S S S S S S S S S

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1ARTHRF R2ARTHRF R3ARTHRF R4ARTHRF R5ARTHRF R6ARTHRF R7ARTHRF R8ARTHRF R9ARTHRF

R1ARTHRF:W1 R2ARTHRF:W2 R3ARTHRF:W3 R4ARTHRF:W4 R5ARTHRF:W5 R6ARTHRF:W6 R7ARTHRF:W7 R8ARTHRF:W8 R9ARTHRF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1ARTHRF S2ARTHRF S3ARTHRF S4ARTHRF S5ARTHRF S6ARTHRF S7ARTHRF S8ARTHRF S9ARTHRF

S1ARTHRF:W1 S2ARTHRF:W2 S3ARTHRF:W3 S4ARTHRF:W4 S5ARTHRF:W5 S6ARTHRF:W6 S7ARTHRF:W7 S8ARTHRF:W8 S9ARTHRF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute dispute

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1CONDE R2CONDE R3CONDE R4CONDE R5CONDE R6CONDE R7CONDE R8CONDE R9CONDE

R1CONDE:W1 R2CONDE:W2 R3CONDE:W3 R4CONDE:W4 R5CONDE:W5 R6CONDE:W6 R7CONDE:W7 R8CONDE:W8 R9CONDE:W9

Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum

of of of of of of of of of

conditions conditions conditions conditions conditions conditions conditions conditions conditions

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had had had had

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6

S1CONDE S2CONDE S3CONDE S4CONDE S5CONDE S6CONDE

S1CONDE:W1 S2CONDE:W2 S3CONDE:W3 S4CONDE:W4 S5CONDE:W5 S6CONDE:W6

Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum

of of of of of of

conditions conditions conditions conditions conditions conditions

ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Section B: Health

437

7 8 9

S7CONDE S8CONDE S9CONDE

S7CONDE:W7 Sum of conditions ever had S8CONDE:W8 Sum of conditions ever had S9CONDE:W9 Sum of conditions ever had

Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1CONDEF R2CONDEF R3CONDEF R4CONDEF R5CONDEF R6CONDEF R7CONDEF R8CONDEF R9CONDEF

R1CONDEF:W1 R2CONDEF:W2 R3CONDEF:W3 R4CONDEF:W4 R5CONDEF:W5 R6CONDEF:W6 R7CONDEF:W7 R8CONDEF:W8 R9CONDEF:W9

# # # # # # # # #

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

from from from from from from from from from

dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CONDEF S2CONDEF S3CONDEF S4CONDEF S5CONDEF S6CONDEF S7CONDEF S8CONDEF S9CONDEF

S1CONDEF:W1 S2CONDEF:W2 S3CONDEF:W3 S4CONDEF:W4 S5CONDEF:W5 S6CONDEF:W6 S7CONDEF:W7 S8CONDEF:W8 S9CONDEF:W9

# # # # # # # # #

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

from from from from from from from from from

dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1CONDEM R2CONDEM R3CONDEM R4CONDEM R5CONDEM R6CONDEM R7CONDEM R8CONDEM R9CONDEM

R1CONDEM:W1 R2CONDEM:W2 R3CONDEM:W3 R4CONDEM:W4 R5CONDEM:W5 R6CONDEM:W6 R7CONDEM:W7 R8CONDEM:W8 R9CONDEM:W9

# # # # # # # # #

missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings

in in in in in in in in in

sum sum sum sum sum sum sum sum sum

cond cond cond cond cond cond cond cond cond

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1CONDEM S2CONDEM S3CONDEM S4CONDEM S5CONDEM S6CONDEM S7CONDEM S8CONDEM S9CONDEM

S1CONDEM:W1 S2CONDEM:W2 S3CONDEM:W3 S4CONDEM:W4 S5CONDEM:W5 S6CONDEM:W6 S7CONDEM:W7 S8CONDEM:W8 S9CONDEM:W9

# # # # # # # # #

missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings

in in in in in in in in in

sum sum sum sum sum sum sum sum sum

cond cond cond cond cond cond cond cond cond

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable R1HIBPE R2HIBPE R3HIBPE R4HIBPE R5HIBPE R6HIBPE R7HIBPE R8HIBPE R9HIBPE

N 12652 19630 17975 21362 19559 18145 20099 18440 17183

Mean 0.335 0.400 0.422 0.435 0.469 0.515 0.520 0.569 0.613

Std Dev 0.472 0.490 0.494 0.496 0.499 0.500 0.500 0.495 0.487

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

438

S1HIBPE S2HIBPE S3HIBPE S4HIBPE S5HIBPE S6HIBPE S7HIBPE S8HIBPE S9HIBPE

9900 13084 11908 13968 12722 11630 12962 11727 10631

0.319 0.375 0.394 0.407 0.442 0.488 0.489 0.535 0.578

0.466 0.484 0.489 0.491 0.497 0.500 0.500 0.499 0.494

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1HIBPF R2HIBPF R3HIBPF R4HIBPF R5HIBPF R6HIBPF R7HIBPF R8HIBPF R9HIBPF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.432 0.428 0.401 0.298 0.252 0.278 0.210 0.165 0.084

1.462 1.484 1.358 1.198 1.106 1.309 1.143 1.050 0.758

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

S1HIBPF S2HIBPF S3HIBPF S4HIBPF S5HIBPF S6HIBPF S7HIBPF S8HIBPF S9HIBPF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.424 0.420 0.376 0.284 0.240 0.251 0.181 0.153 0.070

1.450 1.470 1.313 1.173 1.084 1.224 1.044 1.016 0.681

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

R1DIABE R2DIABE R3DIABE R4DIABE R5DIABE R6DIABE R7DIABE R8DIABE R9DIABE

12652 19632 17971 21361 19556 18145 20100 18435 17185

0.095 0.116 0.127 0.133 0.146 0.169 0.174 0.199 0.222

0.294 0.320 0.333 0.339 0.353 0.375 0.379 0.399 0.416

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1DIABE S2DIABE S3DIABE S4DIABE S5DIABE S6DIABE S7DIABE S8DIABE S9DIABE

9900 13085 11907 13970 12719 11629 12958 11720 10632

0.089 0.107 0.119 0.125 0.139 0.163 0.167 0.189 0.214

0.285 0.310 0.324 0.330 0.346 0.369 0.373 0.391 0.410

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1DIABF R2DIABF R3DIABF R4DIABF R5DIABF R6DIABF R7DIABF R8DIABF R9DIABF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.164 0.148 0.139 0.113 0.102 0.107 0.083 0.066 0.030

0.897 0.872 0.800 0.735 0.696 0.788 0.692 0.638 0.417

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

S1DIABF S2DIABF S3DIABF

9900 13088 11915

0.163 0.156 0.143

0.890 0.892 0.808

0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000

Section B: Health

439

S4DIABF S5DIABF S6DIABF S7DIABF S8DIABF S9DIABF

13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.113 0.102 0.104 0.083 0.065 0.027

0.733 0.693 0.776 0.694 0.636 0.391

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

R1CANCRE R2CANCRE R3CANCRE R4CANCRE R5CANCRE R6CANCRE R7CANCRE R8CANCRE R9CANCRE

12652 19631 17971 21358 19546 18135 20089 18424 17173

0.049 0.084 0.097 0.102 0.114 0.131 0.129 0.145 0.160

0.215 0.278 0.295 0.303 0.318 0.338 0.336 0.352 0.367

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1CANCRE S2CANCRE S3CANCRE S4CANCRE S5CANCRE S6CANCRE S7CANCRE S8CANCRE S9CANCRE

9900 13082 11902 13965 12715 11623 12951 11713 10624

0.047 0.078 0.090 0.097 0.107 0.125 0.122 0.136 0.153

0.213 0.268 0.287 0.296 0.310 0.330 0.327 0.343 0.360

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1CANCRF R2CANCRF R3CANCRF R4CANCRF R5CANCRF R6CANCRF R7CANCRF R8CANCRF R9CANCRF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.077 0.092 0.090 0.070 0.062 0.072 0.057 0.051 0.032

0.622 0.694 0.662 0.595 0.557 0.683 0.611 0.614 0.494

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

S1CANCRF S2CANCRF S3CANCRF S4CANCRF S5CANCRF S6CANCRF S7CANCRF S8CANCRF S9CANCRF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.077 0.090 0.084 0.067 0.060 0.066 0.046 0.045 0.029

0.616 0.679 0.634 0.588 0.546 0.652 0.539 0.578 0.466

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

R1LUNGE R2LUNGE R3LUNGE R4LUNGE R5LUNGE R6LUNGE R7LUNGE R8LUNGE R9LUNGE

12652 19634 17982 21371 19563 18146 20105 18434 17187

0.054 0.073 0.074 0.073 0.079 0.087 0.089 0.100 0.114

0.225 0.260 0.261 0.260 0.270 0.281 0.284 0.300 0.317

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1LUNGE S2LUNGE S3LUNGE S4LUNGE S5LUNGE S6LUNGE

9900 13083 11909 13970 12721 11627

0.051 0.067 0.067 0.063 0.069 0.073

0.220 0.250 0.249 0.243 0.254 0.260

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

440

S7LUNGE S8LUNGE S9LUNGE

12960 11719 10632

0.075 0.086 0.098

0.264 0.281 0.298

0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000

R1LUNGF R2LUNGF R3LUNGF R4LUNGF R5LUNGF R6LUNGF R7LUNGF R8LUNGF R9LUNGF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.247 0.249 0.232 0.173 0.140 0.139 0.108 0.081 0.041

1.118 1.149 1.061 0.921 0.826 0.914 0.808 0.721 0.519

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

S1LUNGF S2LUNGF S3LUNGF S4LUNGF S5LUNGF S6LUNGF S7LUNGF S8LUNGF S9LUNGF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.230 0.245 0.230 0.169 0.137 0.131 0.092 0.073 0.034

1.077 1.136 1.060 0.909 0.822 0.877 0.723 0.694 0.479

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

R1HEARTE R2HEARTE R3HEARTE R4HEARTE R5HEARTE R6HEARTE R7HEARTE R8HEARTE R9HEARTE

12652 19633 17983 21368 19566 18148 20100 18434 17186

0.108 0.187 0.204 0.205 0.220 0.239 0.232 0.254 0.272

0.310 0.390 0.403 0.404 0.414 0.427 0.422 0.435 0.445

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1HEARTE S2HEARTE S3HEARTE S4HEARTE S5HEARTE S6HEARTE S7HEARTE S8HEARTE S9HEARTE

9900 13085 11913 13971 12722 11629 12957 11721 10632

0.106 0.168 0.186 0.189 0.201 0.219 0.211 0.233 0.254

0.308 0.374 0.389 0.391 0.400 0.414 0.408 0.423 0.435

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1HEARTF R2HEARTF R3HEARTF R4HEARTF R5HEARTF R6HEARTF R7HEARTF R8HEARTF R9HEARTF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.236 0.266 0.255 0.195 0.175 0.209 0.173 0.138 0.083

1.083 1.178 1.103 0.982 0.937 1.152 1.066 0.962 0.769

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

S1HEARTF S2HEARTF S3HEARTF S4HEARTF S5HEARTF S6HEARTF S7HEARTF S8HEARTF S9HEARTF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.230 0.263 0.252 0.188 0.167 0.185 0.147 0.109 0.067

1.074 1.168 1.097 0.965 0.913 1.077 0.976 0.846 0.695

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

Section B: Health

441

R1STROKE R2STROKE R3STROKE R4STROKE R5STROKE R6STROKE R7STROKE R8STROKE R9STROKE

12652 19638 17982 21372 19568 18150 20114 18445 17195

0.027 0.058 0.069 0.072 0.081 0.087 0.083 0.091 0.100

0.162 0.234 0.253 0.259 0.272 0.282 0.276 0.288 0.299

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1STROKE S2STROKE S3STROKE S4STROKE S5STROKE S6STROKE S7STROKE S8STROKE S9STROKE

9900 13086 11910 13972 12724 11632 12964 11723 10635

0.026 0.048 0.057 0.058 0.065 0.069 0.065 0.075 0.081

0.160 0.214 0.231 0.233 0.247 0.253 0.247 0.263 0.272

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1STROKF R2STROKF R3STROKF R4STROKF R5STROKF R6STROKF R7STROKF R8STROKF R9STROKF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.051 0.060 0.060 0.040 0.031 0.054 0.045 0.040 0.029

0.505 0.559 0.536 0.443 0.393 0.639 0.583 0.561 0.506

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

S1STROKF S2STROKF S3STROKF S4STROKF S5STROKF S6STROKF S7STROKF S8STROKF S9STROKF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.045 0.056 0.054 0.036 0.026 0.034 0.023 0.023 0.021

0.471 0.541 0.517 0.422 0.361 0.495 0.396 0.421 0.441

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

R1PSYCHE R2PSYCHE R3PSYCHE R4PSYCHE R5PSYCHE R6PSYCHE R7PSYCHE R8PSYCHE R9PSYCHE

12652 19637 17981 21371 19567 18153 20095 18439 17186

0.070 0.080 0.098 0.106 0.119 0.138 0.152 0.175 0.193

0.255 0.272 0.297 0.308 0.324 0.345 0.359 0.380 0.395

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1PSYCHE S2PSYCHE S3PSYCHE S4PSYCHE S5PSYCHE S6PSYCHE S7PSYCHE S8PSYCHE S9PSYCHE

9900 13084 11911 13970 12723 11634 12951 11718 10628

0.058 0.071 0.085 0.089 0.102 0.116 0.126 0.147 0.162

0.234 0.257 0.279 0.285 0.302 0.321 0.332 0.354 0.369

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1PSYCHF R2PSYCHF

12652 19642

0.383 0.395

1.357 1.423

0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000

Section B: Health

442

R3PSYCHF R4PSYCHF R5PSYCHF R6PSYCHF R7PSYCHF R8PSYCHF R9PSYCHF

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.381 0.296 0.250 0.262 0.203 0.148 0.096

1.340 1.213 1.117 1.264 1.131 0.996 0.847

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

S1PSYCHF S2PSYCHF S3PSYCHF S4PSYCHF S5PSYCHF S6PSYCHF S7PSYCHF S8PSYCHF S9PSYCHF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.360 0.382 0.363 0.275 0.226 0.225 0.162 0.118 0.076

1.313 1.397 1.309 1.171 1.066 1.166 0.998 0.880 0.746

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

R1ARTHRE R2ARTHRE R3ARTHRE R4ARTHRE R5ARTHRE R6ARTHRE R7ARTHRE R8ARTHRE R9ARTHRE

12652 19632 17980 21363 19560 18135 20093 18450 17194

0.335 0.330 0.464 0.490 0.536 0.577 0.560 0.599 0.634

0.472 0.470 0.499 0.500 0.499 0.494 0.496 0.490 0.482

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1ARTHRE S2ARTHRE S3ARTHRE S4ARTHRE S5ARTHRE S6ARTHRE S7ARTHRE S8ARTHRE S9ARTHRE

9900 13083 11908 13966 12716 11618 12947 11723 10633

0.319 0.320 0.431 0.452 0.497 0.543 0.522 0.562 0.597

0.466 0.466 0.495 0.498 0.500 0.498 0.500 0.496 0.491

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1ARTHRF R2ARTHRF R3ARTHRF R4ARTHRF R5ARTHRF R6ARTHRF R7ARTHRF R8ARTHRF R9ARTHRF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.452 0.415 0.432 0.354 0.310 0.362 0.271 0.249 0.156

1.452 1.416 1.416 1.304 1.235 1.497 1.313 1.332 1.080

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

S1ARTHRF S2ARTHRF S3ARTHRF S4ARTHRF S5ARTHRF S6ARTHRF S7ARTHRF S8ARTHRF S9ARTHRF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.453 0.452 0.454 0.368 0.319 0.350 0.259 0.248 0.142

1.453 1.474 1.440 1.326 1.251 1.452 1.276 1.338 1.019

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

R1CONDE R2CONDE R3CONDE R4CONDE R5CONDE

12652 19642 17991 21383 19578

1.072 1.327 1.553 1.616 1.762

1.133 1.222 1.312 1.342 1.377

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

7.000 7.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

Section B: Health

443

R6CONDE R7CONDE R8CONDE R9CONDE

18165 20128 18468 17214

1.941 1.936 2.129 2.305

1.412 1.452 1.479 1.509

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

S1CONDE S2CONDE S3CONDE S4CONDE S5CONDE S6CONDE S7CONDE S8CONDE S9CONDE

9900 13088 11915 13978 12729 11639 12972 11734 10643

1.016 1.233 1.429 1.479 1.621 1.794 1.775 1.961 2.135

1.097 1.177 1.260 1.282 1.320 1.357 1.395 1.430 1.459

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

7.000 7.000 7.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

R1CONDEF R2CONDEF R3CONDEF R4CONDEF R5CONDEF R6CONDEF R7CONDEF R8CONDEF R9CONDEF

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.207 0.247 0.320 0.236 0.212 0.184 0.156 0.124 0.068

0.489 0.540 0.611 0.522 0.492 0.455 0.425 0.375 0.274

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 6.000 6.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 3.000

S1CONDEF S2CONDEF S3CONDEF S4CONDEF S5CONDEF S6CONDEF S7CONDEF S8CONDEF S9CONDEF

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.198 0.244 0.307 0.223 0.199 0.173 0.142 0.111 0.060

0.474 0.530 0.593 0.502 0.475 0.439 0.400 0.349 0.253

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R1CONDEM R2CONDEM R3CONDEM R4CONDEM R5CONDEM R6CONDEM R7CONDEM R8CONDEM R9CONDEM

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.000 0.004 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.010 0.012 0.014 0.014

0.000 0.066 0.118 0.133 0.143 0.167 0.169 0.182 0.191

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 3.000 7.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

S1CONDEM S2CONDEM S3CONDEM S4CONDEM S5CONDEM S6CONDEM S7CONDEM S8CONDEM S9CONDEM

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.000 0.002 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.009 0.010 0.010 0.011

0.000 0.055 0.104 0.118 0.134 0.173 0.142 0.159 0.177

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 2.000 7.000 7.000 8.000 8.000 6.000 8.000 8.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1HIBPE .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.no | 8413 1.yes | 4239

R2HIBPE 11 1 11780 7850

R3HIBPE 6 10

R4HIBPE 11 11

10388 7587

12070 9292

R5HIBPE 6 12 2 10389 9170

R6HIBPE 9 12 1 8809 9336

R7HIBPE 17 11 2 9640 10459

R8HIBPE 19 10 7941 10499

R9HIBPE 15 15 4 6643 10540

Section B: Health

444

Value-------------------------| S1HIBPE .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.no | 6744 1.yes | 3156

S2HIBPE 4

S3HIBPE 3 4

S4HIBPE 6 4

5970 584 8183 4901

5658 418 7211 4697

6869 537 8278 5690

Value-------------------------| R1HIBPF 0.No dispute, no change | 11601 3.Disp,set to N | 4.Disp aft, already N | 422 5.Disp aft, .->N | 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 629 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y |

R2HIBPF 18090 451

R3HIBPF 16427 508 327

R4HIBPF 20044 325 345

1101

729

670

Value-------------------------| S1HIBPF .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.No dispute, no change | 9093 3.Disp,set to N | 4.Disp aft, already N | 323 5.Disp aft, .->N | 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 484 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y |

S2HIBPF 5970 584 12072

Value-------------------------| R1DIABE .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.no | 11446 1.yes | 1206

R2DIABE 10

Value-------------------------| S1DIABE .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.no | 9016 1.yes | 884

300

S3HIBPF 5658 418 10936 322 216

S4HIBPF 6869 537 13152 181 225

716

441

420

R3DIABE 8 10 2 15685 2286

R4DIABE 10 13

S2DIABE 3

S3DIABE 4 4

S4DIABE 3 5

5970 584 11680 1405

5658 418 10489 1418

6869 537 12229 1741

Value-------------------------| R1DIABF 0.No dispute, no change | 12225 3.Disp,set to N | 4.Disp aft, already N | 243 5.Disp aft, .->N | 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 184 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y |

R2DIABF 19068 265

R3DIABF 17424 165 205

309

197

R4DIABF 20858 105 213 1 207

Value-------------------------| S1DIABF .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.No dispute, no change | 9567 3.Disp,set to N | 4.Disp aft, already N | 194 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 139 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y |

S2DIABF 5970 584 12686

17362 2270

187 215

S3DIABF 5658 418 11526 112 148 129

18522 2839

S4DIABF 6869 537 13629 69 151 129

S5HIBPE 2 5 1 6538 311 7096 5626

S6HIBPE 3 7 1 6306 220 5954 5676

S7HIBPE 4 5 1 6777 380 6625 6337

S8HIBPE 4 4 6417 317 5451 6276

S9HIBPE 6 6 3 6206 365 4481 6150

R5HIBPF 18537 291 232 1 511 7

R6HIBPF 17260 213 137

R7HIBPF 19364 231 57

R8HIBPF 17926 220

R9HIBPF 16927 205

423 5 129

365 4 108

207 5 111

9 76

S5HIBPF 6538 311 12088 168 151 1 317 5

S6HIBPF 6306 220 11099 136 87

S7HIBPF 6777 380 12534 136 41

S8HIBPF 6417 317 11420 121

S9HIBPF 6206 365 10493 111

255 1 63

208 3 50

125 3 66

6 36

R5DIABE 4 15 4 16706 2850

R6DIABE 4 16 2 15082 3063

R7DIABE 13 13 3 16594 3506

R8DIABE 15 17 2 14772 3663

R9DIABE 12 17 3 13369 3816

S5DIABE 2 7 2 6538 311 10947 1772

S6DIABE 2 9 1 6306 220 9739 1890

S7DIABE 5 8 1 6777 380 10793 2165

S8DIABE 6 8 1 6417 317 9506 2214

S9DIABE 5 8 1 6206 365 8361 2271

R5DIABF 19138 108 168 1 161 3

R6DIABF 17797 68 102 1 165 3 31

R7DIABF 19804 96 50 1 149 5 24

R8DIABF 18232 104

R9DIABF 17093 102

102 3 28

3 19

S5DIABF 6538 311 12442 64 123 99 2

S6DIABF 6306 220 11409 41 64 107 3 17

S7DIABF 6777 380 12762 61 29 102 4 14

S8DIABF 6417 317 11587 66

S9DIABF 6206 365 10578 56

62 1 19

2 10

Value-------------------------|R1CANCRE R2CANCRE R3CANCRE R4CANCRE R5CANCRE R6CANCRE R7CANCRE R8CANCRE R9CANCRE .D=DK/NA | 8 7 10 8 5 13 12 8 .M=Oth missing | 9 15 20 25 24 31 33 .R=RF | 3 3 1 5 2 3 2 3 .T=Other | 1 0.no | 12038 17973 16234 19170 17314 15755 17489 15746 14425

Section B: Health

1.yes

445

|

614

1658

1737

2188

2232

2380

2600

2678

2748

Value-------------------------|S1CANCRE S2CANCRE S3CANCRE S4CANCRE S5CANCRE S6CANCRE S7CANCRE S8CANCRE S9CANCRE .D=DK/NA | 3 6 3 2 4 7 6 5 .M=Oth missing | 5 9 11 12 13 15 15 .R=RF | 3 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 .T=Other | 1 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.no | 9430 12064 10828 12607 11349 10175 11369 10119 9003 1.yes | 470 1018 1074 1358 1366 1448 1582 1594 1621 Value-------------------------|R1CANCRF R2CANCRF R3CANCRF R4CANCRF R5CANCRF R6CANCRF R7CANCRF R8CANCRF R9CANCRF 0.No dispute, no change | 12453 19291 17641 21071 19321 17938 19924 18316 17122 3.Disp,set to N | 88 62 68 46 62 52 58 4.Disp aft, already N | 110 150 109 96 66 37 19 2 5.Disp aft, .->N | 1 1 1 1 1 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 89 200 152 155 122 107 87 52 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 1 3 1 2 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y | 35 35 45 37 Value-------------------------|S1CANCRF S2CANCRF S3CANCRF S4CANCRF S5CANCRF S6CANCRF S7CANCRF S8CANCRF S9CANCRF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.No dispute, no change | 9743 12855 11692 13787 12568 11505 12861 11652 10590 3.Disp,set to N | 57 24 41 26 34 20 36 4.Disp aft, already N | 92 112 80 67 45 26 16 2 5.Disp aft, .->N | 1 1 1 1 1 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 65 120 85 100 74 61 43 37 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 1 2 1 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y | 20 16 24 20 Value-------------------------| R1LUNGE .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.no | 11973 1.yes | 679

R2LUNGE 7

Value-------------------------| S1LUNGE .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.no | 9397 1.yes | 503

S2LUNGE 4

Value-------------------------| R1LUNGF 0.No dispute, no change | 12039 3.Disp,set to N | 4.Disp aft, already N | 274 5.Disp aft, .->N | 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 339 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y |

R2LUNGF 18738

Value-------------------------| S1LUNGF .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.No dispute, no change | 9450 3.Disp,set to N | 4.Disp aft, already N | 210 5.Disp aft, .->N | 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 240 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y |

S2LUNGF 5970 584 12489

1 18208 1426

1 5970 584 12210 873

270 1 633

194 1 404

R3LUNGE 1 6 2 16655 1327

R4LUNGE 5 8

S3LUNGE 1 5

S4LUNGE 2 6

5658 418 11116 793

6869 537 13086 884

R3LUNGF 17102 262 184 1 442

R4LUNGF 20604 206 186 1 387

S3LUNGF 5658 418 11336 155 131 1 292

19818 1553

S4LUNGF 6869 537 13476 127 134 1 240

R5LUNGE 6 6 4 18016 1547

R6LUNGE 8 11 2 16574 1572

R7LUNGE 7 15 2 18325 1780

R8LUNGE 17 16 2 16597 1837

R9LUNGE 6 21 3 15235 1952

S5LUNGE 2 5 2 6538 311 11840 881

S6LUNGE 4 8 2 6306 220 10778 849

S7LUNGE 2 10

S8LUNGE 7 8 1 6417 317 10708 1011

S9LUNGE 4 8 2 6206 365 9587 1045

R5LUNGF 18986 189 138 1 255 10

R6LUNGF 17703 89 87 1 240 1 46

R7LUNGF 19719 135 33

R8LUNGF 18190 123

R9LUNGF 17071 108

194 4 44

108 2 46

3 35

S5LUNGF 6538 311 12356 101 100 1 168 4

S6LUNGF 6306 220 11358 47 56 1 157 1 21

S7LUNGF 6777 380 12733 85 23

S8LUNGF 6417 317 11580 66

S9LUNGF 6206 365 10572 54

113 3 15

58 2 29

1 19

6777 380 11986 974

Value-------------------------|R1HEARTE R2HEARTE R3HEARTE R4HEARTE R5HEARTE R6HEARTE R7HEARTE R8HEARTE R9HEARTE .D=DK/NA | 9 1 10 2 9 13 12 7 .M=Oth missing | 6 6 8 8 15 21 21

Section B: Health

.R=RF 0.no 1.yes

446

| | |

11288 1364

15968 3665

1 14310 3673

16977 4391

3 15263 4303

2 13804 4344

1 15442 4658

2 13751 4683

3 12507 4679

Value-------------------------|S1HEARTE S2HEARTE S3HEARTE S4HEARTE S5HEARTE S6HEARTE S7HEARTE S8HEARTE S9HEARTE .D=DK/NA | 3 4 1 4 6 3 4 .M=Oth missing | 2 3 5 6 9 10 8 .R=RF | 2 2 1 2 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.no | 8850 10891 9697 11333 10171 9078 10219 8990 7930 1.yes | 1050 2194 2216 2638 2551 2551 2738 2731 2702 Value-------------------------|R1HEARTF R2HEARTF R3HEARTF R4HEARTF R5HEARTF R6HEARTF R7HEARTF R8HEARTF R9HEARTF 0.No dispute, no change | 12058 18656 17005 20520 18874 17509 19531 18018 16946 3.Disp,set to N | 266 179 160 119 142 175 183 4.Disp aft, already N | 292 343 262 241 171 105 52 5.Disp aft, .->N | 1 1 2 1 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 302 643 457 443 366 329 296 182 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 6 3 3 2 4 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y | 101 105 92 84 Value-------------------------|S1HEARTF S2HEARTF S3HEARTF S4HEARTF S5HEARTF S6HEARTF S7HEARTF S8HEARTF S9HEARTF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.No dispute, no change | 9449 12436 11275 13434 12288 11263 12638 11504 10512 3.Disp,set to N | 154 98 96 59 84 95 89 4.Disp aft, already N | 215 236 189 172 121 68 27 5.Disp aft, .->N | 1 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 236 416 297 274 221 199 169 92 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 3 2 1 1 3 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y | 50 53 43 42 Value-------------------------|R1STROKE R2STROKE R3STROKE R4STROKE R5STROKE R6STROKE R7STROKE R8STROKE R9STROKE .D=DK/NA | 4 3 6 1 8 5 11 6 .M=Oth missing | 4 6 5 7 9 11 13 .R=RF | 2 5 2 1 2 3 0.no | 12312 18498 16746 19826 17992 16566 18441 16760 15483 1.yes | 340 1140 1236 1546 1576 1584 1673 1685 1712 Value-------------------------|S1STROKE S2STROKE S3STROKE S4STROKE S5STROKE S6STROKE S7STROKE S8STROKE S9STROKE .D=DK/NA | 2 2 2 1 2 2 5 2 .M=Oth missing | 3 4 3 5 6 6 7 .R=RF | 2 2 1 2 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.no | 9641 12454 11235 13165 11895 10832 12118 10848 9776 1.yes | 259 632 675 807 829 800 846 875 859 Value-------------------------|R1STROKF R2STROKF R3STROKF R4STROKF R5STROKF R6STROKF R7STROKF R8STROKF R9STROKF 0.No dispute, no change | 12517 19407 17754 21194 19443 18018 19992 18356 17146 3.Disp,set to N | 68 54 38 16 25 39 29 4.Disp aft, already N | 80 112 73 58 47 29 12 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 55 123 96 78 47 54 54 28 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 4 2 2 3 1 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y | 48 44 43 41 Value-------------------------|S1STROKF S2STROKF S3STROKF S4STROKF S5STROKF S6STROKF S7STROKF S8STROKF S9STROKF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.No dispute, no change | 9808 12942 11777 13869 12659 11577 12924 11691 10618 3.Disp,set to N | 35 31 20 12 9 17 8 4.Disp aft, already N | 55 69 40 29 20 10 4 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 37 77 63 49 29 24 25 12 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 2 2 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y | 16 10 15 20 Value-------------------------|R1PSYCHE R2PSYCHE R3PSYCHE R4PSYCHE R5PSYCHE R6PSYCHE R7PSYCHE R8PSYCHE R9PSYCHE .D=DK/NA | 2 4 6 4 4 13 11 7 .M=Oth missing | 5 6 6 7 10 16 21 .R=RF | 3 1 1 2 3 11 3 3

Section B: Health

0.no 1.yes

447

| |

11765 887

18063 1574

16225 1756

19096 2275

17231 2336

15644 2509

17044 3051

15216 3223

13869 3317

Value-------------------------|S1PSYCHE S2PSYCHE S3PSYCHE S4PSYCHE S5PSYCHE S6PSYCHE S7PSYCHE S8PSYCHE S9PSYCHE .D=DK/NA | 2 4 2 1 8 7 4 .M=Oth missing | 4 3 4 4 5 8 12 .R=RF | 2 1 1 2 8 2 2 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.no | 9322 12151 10901 12724 11431 10279 11322 9993 8903 1.yes | 578 933 1010 1246 1292 1355 1629 1725 1725 Value-------------------------|R1PSYCHF R2PSYCHF R3PSYCHF R4PSYCHF R5PSYCHF R6PSYCHF R7PSYCHF R8PSYCHF R9PSYCHF 0.No dispute, no change | 11683 18195 16538 20098 18571 17325 19385 17985 16920 3.Disp,set to N | 422 287 287 171 248 194 187 4.Disp aft, already N | 487 461 300 260 155 94 43 5.Disp aft, .->N | 1 2 1 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 482 985 729 739 559 472 331 186 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 7 7 11 3 5 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y | 98 110 101 105 Value-------------------------|S1PSYCHF S2PSYCHF S3PSYCHF S4PSYCHF S5PSYCHF S6PSYCHF S7PSYCHF S8PSYCHF S9PSYCHF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.No dispute, no change | 9178 12150 10996 13198 12140 11171 12583 11480 10495 3.Disp,set to N | 257 168 159 98 128 110 99 4.Disp aft, already N | 382 316 208 166 96 57 23 5.Disp aft, .->N | 1 1 1 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 340 621 453 446 332 261 184 97 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 3 5 6 1 3 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y | 49 47 47 49 Value-------------------------|R1ARTHRE R2ARTHRE R3ARTHRE R4ARTHRE R5ARTHRE R6ARTHRE R7ARTHRE R8ARTHRE R9ARTHRE .D=DK/NA | 10 3 14 8 14 17 4 7 .M=Oth missing | 7 6 7 16 17 14 12 .R=RF | 1 1 4 2 2 1 4 0.no | 8413 13145 9637 10898 9084 7672 8845 7396 6286 1.yes | 4239 6487 8343 10465 10476 10463 11248 11054 10908 Value-------------------------|S1ARTHRE S2ARTHRE S3ARTHRE S4ARTHRE S5ARTHRE S6ARTHRE S7ARTHRE S8ARTHRE S9ARTHRE .D=DK/NA | 5 3 6 6 9 11 1 4 .M=Oth missing | 4 5 6 12 13 11 7 .R=RF | 1 2 2 1 2 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.no | 6739 8901 6770 7660 6397 5305 6193 5139 4284 1.yes | 3161 4182 5138 6306 6319 6313 6754 6584 6349 Value-------------------------|R1ARTHRF R2ARTHRF R3ARTHRF R4ARTHRF R5ARTHRF R6ARTHRF R7ARTHRF R8ARTHRF R9ARTHRF 0.No dispute, no change | 11490 18028 16348 19816 18327 17017 19169 17727 16740 3.Disp,set to N | 384 333 317 245 274 238 297 4.Disp aft, already N | 629 765 467 419 257 144 64 5.Disp aft, .->N | 1 1 2 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 533 848 791 814 664 581 456 288 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 14 9 9 6 5 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y | 171 157 210 175 Value-------------------------|S1ARTHRF S2ARTHRF S3ARTHRF S4ARTHRF S5ARTHRF S6ARTHRF S7ARTHRF S8ARTHRF S9ARTHRF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.No dispute, no change | 8986 11918 10758 12909 11894 10912 12378 11274 10366 3.Disp,set to N | 278 215 203 157 162 133 183 4.Disp aft, already N | 498 550 349 311 182 102 45 6.Disp aft, Y->N | 416 620 530 543 442 373 291 190 8.Disp prev wv, but now Y | 9 6 7 3 2 10.NewR=not ever, but PrvR=Y | 91 89 135 95

How Constructed:

Section B: Health

448

RwHIBPE, RwDIABE, RwCANCRE, RwLUNGE, RwHEARTE, RwSTROKE, RwPSYCHE, and RwARTHRE indicate whether or not a doctor has ever told the respondent he/she had these conditions. The conditions are 1) high blood pressure or hypertension; 2) diabetes or high blood sugar; 3) cancer or a malignant tumor of any kind except skin cancer; 4) chronic lung disease except asthma such as chronic bronchitis or emphysema; 5) heart attack, coronary heart disease, angina, congestive heart failure, or other heart problems; 6) stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA); 7) emotional, nervous, or psychiatric problems; and 8)arthritis or rheumatism. With the exception of cases that dispute a report from a prior wave, each of these variables is set to yes if R answered yes to the pertinent question in the current or any prior wave, and to no if R responded no at the current and all prior waves. Since Wave 2A is the first wave for Ahead respondents, questions are asked for all respondents, unlike Wave 2H, where questions are skipped if reported condition in Wave 1. Beginning in Wave 3, if a preloaded variable so indicates, the respondent is read a statement that HRS records show he/she reported a condition at a prior interview. Any voluntary disputes of this statement are recorded. If there is no dispute, the condition variable is coded in the raw HRS data as yes. If a condition is disputed, all prior wave reports are set to no. For example if a report of high blood pressure is disputed in Wave 3, then R1HIBPE and R2HIBPE are set to no. In Waves 3 and 4, if a previous wave report of a condition is disputed, no follow-up question asks whether a doctor has told the respondent he/she has the condition since the previous wave, and it is assumed that the respondent does not have the condition in the current wave as well. Starting in Wave 5, the interviewer records the dispute along with an indication of whether the respondent currently has the condition. If the respondent says he/she currently has it, the current wave variable is set to yes, and if not, it is set to no. If the presence of a condition was preloaded in a particular wave and not disputed, but prior wave data does not show a previous report, it is assumed that R is reporting the condition at that wave. For example, if the respondent did not dispute a statement in Wave 3 that he/she had reported having high blood pressure at a prior interview, but both R1HIBPE and R2HIBPE are no, then R3HIBPE is set to yes. Note that as more waves are added where conditions could be disputed, we notice that for some conditions, respondents who dispute may have reported receiving treatment or medications for the disputed condition in a prior wave. It may be that the question is interpreted by the respondent as whether he/she has the condition now, particularly for conditions that can be brought under control, such as high blood pressure. Also disputes are more likely to affect earlier waves than later ones, simply because there have been more opportunities for disputing past answers as time goes on. This time series is not appropriate for tracking changes in the prevalence over time and the version of these variables without disputes incorporated should be used instead. Please see the raw recodes of these variables in 'Doctor diagnosed health problems: Raw recodes and question wording'. Note that the raw recodes have not been recoded into 0/1 dummy variables and do not necessarily reflect condition reports from prior waves. RwHIBPF, RwDIABF, RwCANCRF, RwLUNGF, RwHEARTF, RwSTROKF, RwPSYCHF, and RwARTHRF indicate whether a condition is disputed at the current or a later interview. The codes for the flag variables are: 0) no dispute and no change; 1) no dispute of preload indicating prior report of condition, but data shows no prior report of condition - set current report to yes; 2) disputes preload indicating prior report of condition, and data shows no prior report of condition - set current report to no; 3) disputes preload indicating prior report of condition, and data agrees with preload, set current and prior waves to no; 4) dispute of preload at a later wave would change this wave's report to no, but this wave's report was already no; 6) dispute of preload at a later wave has changed this wave's report from yes to no; 7) preload was disputed at a previous wave, current wave response is no, set to no; 8) preload was disputed at a previous wave, but now has condition; 10) new respondent is asked the ever question and says no condition but condition was reported in a prior wave, keep yes. RwCONDE gives the number of conditions the respondent reports ever having. It is the sum of individual condition variables. Note that this implicitly treats missing values as no's in the

Section B: Health

449

sum. RwCONDEM counts how many individual conditions were missing in the sum. RwCONDEF count how many individual condition reports in the sum were changed because of disputes. SwHIBPE, SwDIABE, SwCANCRE, SwLUNGE, SwHEARTE, SwSTROKE, SwPSYCHE, SwARTHRE, SwHIBPF, SwDIABF, SwCANCRF, SwLUNGF, SwHEARTF, SwSTROKF, SwPSYCHF, SwARTHRF, SwCOND, SwCONDEF, and SwCONDEM give this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3HIBPE is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3HIBPE variable. Please see the 'Change in Health' variables as well. Included there are variables that measure whether the individual conditions are new in a particular wave, i.e., reported as new since the last interview. There is a summary measure for these new conditions as well. Please see RwHIBP, RwDIAB, RwCANCR, RwLUNG, RwHEART, RwSTROK, RwPSYCH, and RwARTHR for the raw reports at each wave, and RwHIBPQ, RwDIABQ, RwCANCRQ, RwLUNGQ, RwHEARTQ, RwSTROKQ, RwPSYCHQ, and RwARTHRQ for an indication of the question wording used. The description of these variables can be found under 'Doctor diagnosed health problems: Raw recodes and question wording'.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data A series of questions asks the respondent if a doctor has ever diagnosed him/her with certain medical conditions. At a respondent's first interview, Wave 1 and 2A, the question asks: Has a doctor ever told you that you have ... From Wave 6 forward, if the person answering the questions is new, the question is asked as though it were the first interview, regardless of what had been reported at prior interviews. Thus if the prior interview was given by the respondent and the current is by proxy, or vice versa, or if both interviews are by proxy but conducted with different people, then this is treated like a first interview and the ever question wording is used. At subsequent interviews, the question wording depends on whether the appropriate preloaded variable indicates that the respondent has said yes to the condition at a prior interview. If not, the question wording is: Since we last talked to you, that is since [last interview date], has a doctor told you that you have ... What happens if the respondent had reported a condition at a prior interview varies across waves. In Wave 2H, if the preloaded variable indicates that the respondent reported the condition in Wave 1, no question is asked for most conditions. For heart problems, the above question is asked regardless of the preloaded variable value; if the preloaded variable indicates a Wave 1 heart problem, it is prefaced by a statement that a heart condition has already been reported. Beginning in Wave 3, if the preloaded variable indicates that the respondent reported a condition at a prior interview, a statement is read: Our records from your last interview show that you have had ... No explicit question is asked. If the respondent disputes the statement voluntarily, this is recorded, but no follow-up on the current diagnosis of the condition is asked in Waves 3 and 4. Starting in Wave 5, if the respondent disputes the statement, the interviewer is instructed to probe as to whether or not the respondent has since been diagnosed with the condition. The dispute is recorded as 'disputes previous wave record but now has the condition' or 'disputes and does not have the condition'. Most disputes are of the latter type. If the respondent does not dispute the statement, the variable that indicates the diagnosis of the condition is set to yes. In Wave 4, an alternate variable is provided for the heart condition question (F1156A). Apparently a skip pattern problem in this wave causes some cases who had previously reported a heart condition to be asked if they’d been told they had one since last interview, and some respond No. These cases are identified in F1156A.

Section B: Health

450

In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, a code for "possible stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)" is added, if the respondent volunteered this information in answer to the question about strokes. This code is not available in Waves 1 and 2H. TIA is treated the same as a "yes" answer in deriving RwSTROKE. The definition of “doctor” in Wave 6 was: Medical doctors include specialists such as, Dermatologists, Psychiatrists, Ophthalmologists, as well as general practitioners, and Osteopaths. Do not include Chiropractors, Dentists, or Nurses/Nurse Practitioners. In Wave 7 this was expanded as follows: Medical doctors include specialists such as Dermatologists, Psychiatrists, Ophthalmologists, Osteopaths, Cardiologists, as well as family doctors, internists and physicians’ assistants.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V325 V328 V337 V401 V406 V417 V422 V426 AHEAD 1993: B215 B219 B225 B235 B242 B252 B259 B265 HRS 1994: W328 W331 W339 W362 W367 W368 W379 W384 W387 AHEAD 1995: D781 D788 D801 D818 D828 D848 D861 D866 HRS 1996: E781 E788 E801 E818 E828 E848 E861 E866 HRS 1998: F1109

B6:EVER HI BLD PRESS:IMP B7:EVER DIAB/HI BLD :IMP B9: CANCER/MALIGN TU:IMP B15:CHRONIC LUNG DIS:IMP B16:EVER HEART PROBL:IMP B22:EVER HAD STROKE :IMP B23:EMOT/NERV/PSYCH :IMP B25:ARTHRITIS/RHEUMA:IMP B3. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE EVER B4. DIABETES: NOW B5. CANCER EVER B6. LUNG DISEASE: EVER B7. HEART CONDITION: EVER B8. STROKE: EVER B9. PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS: EVER B10. ARTHRITIS: PAST 12 MONTHS B6a.HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE B7.DIABETES/HIGH BLOOD S B9.CANCER/MALIGNANT TUMO B14.CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE B15.HEART PROBLEMS EVER B15.HEART CONDITIONS B21.STROKE B23.EMOTIONAL/NERVOUS/PS B24.ARTHRITIS/RHEUMATISM B3. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE B4. DIABETES B5.CANCER B6. LUNG B7. HEART CONDITION B9. STROKE B10. PSYCHIATRIC B11. ARTHRITIS B3. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE B4. DIABETES B5.CANCER B6. LUNG B7. HEART CONDITION B9. STROKE B10. PSYCHIATRIC B11. ARTHRITIS B3.

HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

Section B: Health

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

F1116 F1129 F1146 F1156 F1176 F1189 F1194 2000: G1238 G1245 G1262 G1279 G1289 G1309 G1322 G1327 2002: HC005 HC010 HC018 HC030 HC036 HC053 HC065 HC070 2004: JC005 JC010 JC018 JC030 JC036 JC053 JC065 JC070 2006: KC005 KC010 KC018 KC030 KC036 KC053 KC065 KC070 2008: LC005 LC010 LC018 LC030 LC036 LC053 LC065 LC070

B4. DIABETES B5.CANCER B6. LUNG B7. HEART CONDITION B9. STROKE B10. PSYCHIATRIC B11. ARTHRITIS B3.HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE B4. DIABETES B5.CANCER B6. LUNG B7. HEART CONDITION B9. STROKE B10. PSYCHIATRIC B11. ARTHRITIS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DIABETES CANCER OF ANY KIND EXCLUDING SKIN LUNG DISEASE HEART CONDITION STROKE EMOTIONAL/PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS ARTHRITIS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DIABETES CANCER OF ANY KIND EXCLUDING SKIN LUNG DISEASE HEART CONDITION STROKE EMOTIONAL/PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS ARTHRITIS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DIABETES CANCER OF ANY KIND EXCLUDING SKIN LUNG DISEASE HEART CONDITION STROKE EMOTIONAL/PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS ARTHRITIS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DIABETES CANCER OF ANY KIND EXCLUDING SKIN LUNG DISEASE HEART CONDITION STROKE EMOTIONAL/PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS ARTHRITIS

451

Section B: Health

452

Doctor diagnosed health problems: Memory-related disease Wave Variable

Label

Type

4 5 6 7 8 9

R4MEMRY R5MEMRY R6MEMRY R7MEMRY R8MEMRY R9MEMRY

R4MEMRY:W4 R5MEMRY:W5 R6MEMRY:W6 R7MEMRY:W7 R8MEMRY:W8 R9MEMRY:W9

R R R R R R

reports reports reports reports reports reports

memory memory memory memory memory memory

prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

4 5 6 7 8 9

S4MEMRY S5MEMRY S6MEMRY S7MEMRY S8MEMRY S9MEMRY

S4MEMRY:W4 S5MEMRY:W5 S6MEMRY:W6 S7MEMRY:W7 S8MEMRY:W8 S9MEMRY:W9

S S S S S S

reports reports reports reports reports reports

memory memory memory memory memory memory

prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

4 5 6 7 8 9

R4MEMRYQ R5MEMRYQ R6MEMRYQ R7MEMRYQ R8MEMRYQ R9MEMRYQ

R4MEMRYQ:W4 R5MEMRYQ:W5 R6MEMRYQ:W6 R7MEMRYQ:W7 R8MEMRYQ:W8 R9MEMRYQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

memory memory memory memory memory memory

prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

4 5 6 7 8 9

S4MEMRYQ S5MEMRYQ S6MEMRYQ S7MEMRYQ S8MEMRYQ S9MEMRYQ

S4MEMRYQ:W4 S5MEMRYQ:W5 S6MEMRYQ:W6 S7MEMRYQ:W7 S8MEMRYQ:W8 S9MEMRYQ:W9

Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording Q-wording

memory memory memory memory memory memory

prob prob prob prob prob prob

this this this this this this

wv wv wv wv wv wv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

4 5 6 7 8 9

R4MEMRYE R5MEMRYE R6MEMRYE R7MEMRYE R8MEMRYE R9MEMRYE

R4MEMRYE:W4 R5MEMRYE:W5 R6MEMRYE:W6 R7MEMRYE:W7 R8MEMRYE:W8 R9MEMRYE:W9

R R R R R R

ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had

memory memory memory memory memory memory

problem problem problem problem problem problem

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

4 5 6 7 8 9

S4MEMRYE S5MEMRYE S6MEMRYE S7MEMRYE S8MEMRYE S9MEMRYE

S4MEMRYE:W4 S5MEMRYE:W5 S6MEMRYE:W6 S7MEMRYE:W7 S8MEMRYE:W8 S9MEMRYE:W9

S S S S S S

ever ever ever ever ever ever

had had had had had had

memory memory memory memory memory memory

problem problem problem problem problem problem

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

5 6 7 8 9

R5MEMRYF R6MEMRYF R7MEMRYF R8MEMRYF R9MEMRYF

R5MEMRYF:W5 R6MEMRYF:W6 R7MEMRYF:W7 R8MEMRYF:W8 R9MEMRYF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

prob prob prob prob prob

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

5 6 7

S5MEMRYF S6MEMRYF S7MEMRYF

S5MEMRYF:W5 Flag chg prev memory prob S6MEMRYF:W6 Flag chg prev memory prob S7MEMRYF:W7 Flag chg prev memory prob

Categ Categ Categ

chg chg chg chg chg

prev prev prev prev prev

memory memory memory memory memory

Section B: Health

8 9

453

S8MEMRYF S9MEMRYF

S8MEMRYF:W8 Flag chg prev memory prob S9MEMRYF:W9 Flag chg prev memory prob

Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R4MEMRY R5MEMRY R6MEMRY R7MEMRY R8MEMRY R9MEMRY

21370 19220 17989 19743 17928 17197

0.025 0.018 0.029 0.026 0.024 0.074

0.156 0.134 0.167 0.159 0.154 0.354

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 4.000

S4MEMRY S5MEMRY S6MEMRY S7MEMRY S8MEMRY S9MEMRY

13974 12547 11556 12798 11492 10640

0.019 0.012 0.018 0.017 0.017 0.055

0.135 0.110 0.132 0.129 0.130 0.315

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 4.000

R4MEMRYQ R5MEMRYQ R6MEMRYQ R7MEMRYQ R8MEMRYQ R9MEMRYQ

21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.000 2.256 2.425 2.104 2.271 2.224

0.000 1.535 1.803 1.345 1.129 1.077

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 12.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000

S4MEMRYQ S5MEMRYQ S6MEMRYQ S7MEMRYQ S8MEMRYQ S9MEMRYQ

13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.000 2.201 2.338 2.050 2.235 2.187

0.000 1.401 1.579 1.263 1.026 0.970

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

1.000 12.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000

R4MEMRYE R5MEMRYE R6MEMRYE R7MEMRYE R8MEMRYE R9MEMRYE

21370 19576 18166 20127 18469 17200

0.025 0.035 0.042 0.046 0.053 0.061

0.156 0.184 0.201 0.210 0.224 0.238

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S4MEMRYE S5MEMRYE S6MEMRYE S7MEMRYE S8MEMRYE S9MEMRYE

13974 12728 11640 12971 11735 10640

0.019 0.025 0.028 0.030 0.037 0.043

0.135 0.156 0.165 0.171 0.188 0.202

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R5MEMRYF R6MEMRYF R7MEMRYF R8MEMRYF R9MEMRYF

19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.000 0.012 0.009 0.008 0.023

0.000 0.147 0.127 0.119 0.246

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 8.000

S5MEMRYF S6MEMRYF S7MEMRYF S8MEMRYF S9MEMRYF

12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.000 0.010 0.006 0.006 0.018

0.000 0.137 0.108 0.100 0.216

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 3.000

Section B: Health

454

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=other missing | .R=RF | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 1. Yes | 3. Disp prev record and has co| 4. Disp prev record and no con|

R4MEMRY 13

R5MEMRY 7

R6MEMRY 11

R7MEMRY 16

1

2 350 18869 351

2 165 17470 519

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .Y=via preload+Yes prev wv | 0. No | 1. Yes | 4. Disp prev record and no con|

S4MEMRY 4

S5MEMRY 6 1 6538 311 176 12394 153

S6MEMRY 3 2 6306 220 80 11350 206

20834 536

6869 537 13713 261

R9MEMRY 17

2 368 19228 515

R8MEMRY 14 1 4 522 17490 438

S7MEMRY 4 1 6777 380 169 12582 216

S8MEMRY 6 2 6417 317 235 11295 197

S9MEMRY 4 2 6206 365

3 16167 948 1 81

10183 415 42

Value-------------------------| 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: |

R4MEMRYQ R5MEMRYQ R6MEMRYQ R7MEMRYQ R8MEMRYQ R9MEMRYQ 21384 266 227 3471 207 143 18505 16323 15163 16628 15634 543 350 165 368 522 1072 959 1020 816 4 6 5 6 454 172 71 23 13 202 92 63 68

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.NewIvw: have had [ever] | 2.ReIvw,NoCond: have had since| 3.ReIvw,Cond: last time said h| 4.ReIvw,Cond: Skip question | 5.ReIvw/NewR: have ever had | 11.ReIvw BUT Pre=NewIvw: have | 12.NewIvw BUT Pre=ReIvw,NoCond| 15.ReIvw,Cond BUT Pre=NoCond: |

S4MEMRYQ S5MEMRYQ S6MEMRYQ S7MEMRYQ S8MEMRYQ S9MEMRYQ 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 537 311 220 380 317 365 13978 248 210 2484 198 139 12060 10526 9649 10593 9747 250 176 80 169 235 648 577 668 474 3 6 5 6 243 78 42 8 5 93 46 27 31

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R4MEMRYE R5MEMRYE R6MEMRYE R7MEMRYE R8MEMRYE R9MEMRYE 13 1 1 14 1 2 1 1 3 20837 18890 17396 19199 17491 16159 533 686 770 928 978 1041

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S4MEMRYE S5MEMRYE S6MEMRYE S7MEMRYE S8MEMRYE S9MEMRYE 4 1 4 1 1 1 2 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 537 311 220 380 317 365 13715 12410 11315 12581 11304 10185 259 318 325 390 431 455

Value-------------------------| 0. OK | 1. NewR says not ever but prev| 2. Says no cur wv but prev sai| 3.Dispute,set to N | 8.Dispute prev wv, but now Y |

R5MEMRYF R6MEMRYF R7MEMRYF R8MEMRYF R9MEMRYF 19579 18050 20023 18369 17046 24 33 45 32 93 73 55 57 81 1

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0. OK |

S5MEMRYF S6MEMRYF S7MEMRYF S8MEMRYF S9MEMRYF 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 311 220 380 317 365 12730 11582 12929 11689 10564

Section B: Health

1. NewR says not ever but prev| 2. Says no cur wv but prev sai| 3.Dispute,set to N |

455

6 53

7 36

22 24

12 28 42

How Constructed: RwMEMRY indicates the raw response to the question regarding whether or not a doctor has told the respondent he/she had a memory-related disease. The exact question wording depends on whether this is a first interview and whether the person being interviewed is the same as in the prior interview. If a preload variable indicates that the condition was reported at a prior interview, then the question is skipped. The question about memory-related disease is first asked in Wave 4. RwMEMRYQ indicates the question wording used, based on preload variables, and whether the preloaded information is correct. RwMEMRYE indicates whether or not a doctor has ever told the respondent he/she had this condition in this or any previous wave. RwMEMRYF indicates whether the current wave conflicts with information given at a prior wave. The question wording is one of the following (main codes in __Q variables are given in parentheses): If new interview, or from Wave 6 forward, new person answering questions (1.NewIvw or 5.ReIvw/NewR): Has a doctor ever told you that you have ... If reinterview and no prior report of condition (2.ReIvw,NoCond): Since we last talked to you, that is since [last interview date], has a doctor told you that you have ... Through Wave 8, if it is a reinterview and the condition is reported in a prior wave (4.ReIvw,Cond), the question is skipped. From Wave 9 forward, all respondents are asked this question and are now given the opportunity to dispute answers given in previous waves. The __Q variables have additional codes that indicate situations where the preload variables determine the question wording but do not agree with the actual situation in prior waves. A code of 11 means that R has a prior interview but the preload indicates this is a new interview, so the question asks if R has ever been told about a condition, 12 means that this is a new interview but the preload indicates it is a reinterview, and 15 means that R previously reported having a condition but the preload indicates a prior interview with no condition. In situations flagged by a 12 or 15, the question asks if R has been told about a condition since last interview, even though this is R’s first interview (in the case of 12) or the question should have been skipped due to a prior report (in the case of 15). RwMEMRY is recoded to reflect the answer given. The meaning of the answer depends on the question asked, so the analyst may want to consider this variable in conjunction with the corresponding __Q variables. Generally, a 1 means yes and 0 means no. Note that for a re-interview when the condition was previously reported, this question is skipped; in this situation RwMEMRY is set to SAS special missing .Y. RwMEMRYE is set to yes if R answered yes to the pertinent question in the current or any prior wave, and to no if R responded no at the current and all prior waves. If R reports having memoryrelated disease at one wave and later the question is asked again because a new proxy is answering, with a negative response, RwMEMRYE will still remain set to yes for the later wave, but RwMEMRYF will be set to 1. If the question is asked again because of a skip pattern problem and the answer conflicts with a prior report of the condition, RwMEMRYF will be set to 2, but RwMEMRYE will remain set to yes. SwMEMRY, SwMEMRYQ, SwMEMRYE, and SwMEMRYF give this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S4MEMRY is taken from the Wave 4 spouse's R4MEMRY variable.

Section B: Health

456

Please see the 'Change in Health' variables as well. Included there is RwMEMRYS which measures whether the memory-related disease is new in a particular wave, i.e., reported as new since the last interview.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Respondents are first asked about memory-related disease in Wave 4. interview at or after Wave 4, the question asks:

At a respondent's first

Has a doctor ever told you that you have a memory-related disease? From Wave 6 forward, if the person answering the questions is new, the question is asked as though it were the first interview, regardless of what had been reported at prior interviews. Thus if the prior interview was given by the respondent and the current is by proxy, or vice versa, or if both interviews are by proxy but conducted with different people, then this is treated like a first interview and the ever question wording is used. Until Wave 9, the question is not asked if the appropriate preloaded variable indicates that the respondent has said yes to this condition at a prior interview. If the preload indicates that the respondent has not yet reported a memory-related disease then the question wording is: Since we last talked to you, that is since [last interview date], has a doctor told you that you have a memory-related disease? The definition of “doctor” in Wave 6 was: Medical doctors include specialists such as, Dermatologists, Psychiatrists, Ophthalmologists, as well as general practitioners, and Osteopaths. Do not include Chiropractors, Dentists, or Nurses/Nurse Practitioners. In Wave 7 this was expanded as follows: Medical doctors include specialists such as Dermatologists, Psychiatrists, Ophthalmologists, Osteopaths, Cardiologists, as well as family doctors, internists and physicians’ assistants. Do not include Chiropractors, Dentists, or Nurses/Nurse Practitioners. In Wave 9, all respondents are asked this question and are now given the opportunity to dispute answers given in previous waves.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1998: F1193 HRS 2000: G1326 G262 G753 HRS 2002: HA009 HA010 HC069 HZ076 HZ095 HZ117 HRS 2004: JA009 JA010 JC069 JZ076 JZ095 JZ117 HRS 2006: KA009 KA010 KC069 KZ076

B10D. MEMORY-RELATED DISEASE B10D. MEMORY-RELATED DISEASE PR262.PREV WAVE MEMORY DISEASE CS22Y30.PREVIOUS WAVE INTERV PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CURRENT - WAVE PROXY MEMORY RELATED DISEASE R EVER INTERVIEWED PREV WAVE IW SELF/PROXY PREV WAVE R HAS MEMORY DISEASE PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CURRENT - WAVE PROXY MEMORY RELATED DISEASE R EVER INTERVIEWED PREV WAVE IW SELF/PROXY PREV WAVE R HAS MEMORY DISEASE PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CURRENT - WAVE PROXY MEMORY RELATED DISEASE R EVER INTERVIEWED

Section B: Health

KZ095 KZ117 HRS 2008: LA009 LA010 LC069 LZ076 LZ095 LZ117

PREV WAVE IW SELF/PROXY PREV WAVE R HAS MEMORY DISEASE PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CURRENT - WAVE PROXY MEMORY RELATED DISEASE R EVER INTERVIEWED PREV WAVE IW SELF/PROXY PREV WAVE R HAS MEMORY DISEASE

457

Section B: Health

458

BMI Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1BMI R2BMI R3BMI R4BMI R5BMI R6BMI R7BMI R8BMI R9BMI

R1BMI:W1 R2BMI:W2 R3BMI:W3 R4BMI:W4 R5BMI:W5 R6BMI:W6 R7BMI:W7 R8BMI:W8 R9BMI:W9

Body Body Body Body Body Body Body Body Body

Mass Mass Mass Mass Mass Mass Mass Mass Mass

Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1BMI S2BMI S3BMI S4BMI S5BMI S6BMI S7BMI S8BMI S9BMI

S1BMI:W1 S2BMI:W2 S3BMI:W3 S4BMI:W4 S5BMI:W5 S6BMI:W6 S7BMI:W7 S8BMI:W8 S9BMI:W9

Body Body Body Body Body Body Body Body Body

Mass Mass Mass Mass Mass Mass Mass Mass Mass

Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2 Index=kg/m2

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HEIGHT R2HEIGHT R3HEIGHT R4HEIGHT R5HEIGHT R6HEIGHT R7HEIGHT R8HEIGHT R9HEIGHT

R1HEIGHT:W1 R2HEIGHT:W2 R3HEIGHT:W3 R4HEIGHT:W4 R5HEIGHT:W5 R6HEIGHT:W6 R7HEIGHT:W7 R8HEIGHT:W8 R9HEIGHT:W9

Height Height Height Height Height Height Height Height Height

in in in in in in in in in

meters meters meters meters meters meters meters meters meters

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HEIGHT S2HEIGHT S3HEIGHT S4HEIGHT S5HEIGHT S6HEIGHT S7HEIGHT S8HEIGHT S9HEIGHT

S1HEIGHT:W1 S2HEIGHT:W2 S3HEIGHT:W3 S4HEIGHT:W4 S5HEIGHT:W5 S6HEIGHT:W6 S7HEIGHT:W7 S8HEIGHT:W8 S9HEIGHT:W9

Height Height Height Height Height Height Height Height Height

in in in in in in in in in

meters meters meters meters meters meters meters meters meters

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1WEIGHT R2WEIGHT R3WEIGHT R4WEIGHT R5WEIGHT R6WEIGHT R7WEIGHT R8WEIGHT R9WEIGHT

R1WEIGHT:W1 R2WEIGHT:W2 R3WEIGHT:W3 R4WEIGHT:W4 R5WEIGHT:W5 R6WEIGHT:W6 R7WEIGHT:W7 R8WEIGHT:W8 R9WEIGHT:W9

Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight

in in in in in in in in in

kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

S1WEIGHT

S1WEIGHT:W1 Weight in kilograms

Cont

Section B: Health

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

459

S2WEIGHT S3WEIGHT S4WEIGHT S5WEIGHT S6WEIGHT S7WEIGHT S8WEIGHT S9WEIGHT

S2WEIGHT:W2 S3WEIGHT:W3 S4WEIGHT:W4 S5WEIGHT:W5 S6WEIGHT:W6 S7WEIGHT:W7 S8WEIGHT:W8 S9WEIGHT:W9

Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight

in in in in in in in in

kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms kilograms

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1BMI R2BMI R3BMI R4BMI R5BMI R6BMI R7BMI R8BMI R9BMI

12652 19434 17773 21099 19290 17820 19750 18175 16983

27.098 26.453 26.531 26.825 27.038 27.173 27.453 27.843 27.987

5.180 4.989 5.108 5.242 5.370 5.439 5.673 5.850 5.905

12.800 12.600 10.800 9.600 11.500 9.500 9.600 10.600 10.600

102.700 92.200 75.500 74.500 75.500 70.900 71.300 82.700 74.400

S1BMI S2BMI S3BMI S4BMI S5BMI S6BMI S7BMI S8BMI S9BMI

9900 12958 11767 13796 12552 11431 12749 11558 10517

27.026 26.613 26.729 27.066 27.290 27.455 27.671 28.028 28.186

5.002 4.822 4.877 5.040 5.155 5.187 5.383 5.574 5.624

12.800 12.600 10.800 12.600 11.500 9.500 12.100 10.600 11.200

102.700 92.200 75.500 74.500 75.500 70.900 65.700 82.700 66.200

R1HEIGHT R2HEIGHT R3HEIGHT R4HEIGHT R5HEIGHT R6HEIGHT R7HEIGHT R8HEIGHT R9HEIGHT

12652 19603 17962 21347 19550 18132 20068 18450 17199

1.697 1.681 1.682 1.685 1.685 1.686 1.688 1.680 1.679

0.100 0.101 0.101 0.101 0.101 0.100 0.101 0.104 0.104

0.940 0.914 0.940 0.940 0.940 0.940 0.940 1.219 0.914

2.108 2.286 2.286 2.286 2.286 2.108 2.311 2.261 2.324

S1HEIGHT S2HEIGHT S3HEIGHT S4HEIGHT S5HEIGHT S6HEIGHT S7HEIGHT S8HEIGHT S9HEIGHT

9900 13078 11908 13968 12720 11624 12940 11724 10634

1.702 1.696 1.697 1.700 1.700 1.702 1.702 1.697 1.695

0.100 0.100 0.099 0.100 0.100 0.101 0.101 0.103 0.103

0.940 0.914 0.940 0.940 0.940 0.940 0.940 1.219 1.219

2.108 2.108 2.108 2.108 2.108 2.108 2.311 2.261 2.248

R1WEIGHT R2WEIGHT R3WEIGHT R4WEIGHT R5WEIGHT R6WEIGHT R7WEIGHT R8WEIGHT R9WEIGHT

12652 19464 17798 21133 19316 17851 19809 18189 16998

78.206 75.039 75.322 76.465 77.107 77.561 78.476 78.902 79.191

16.770 16.388 16.773 17.272 17.609 17.847 18.454 18.762 18.969

36.287 31.751 26.762 22.680 31.298 29.483 25.401 29.483 22.680

181.436 179.168 176.900 181.436 181.436 181.436 181.436 181.436 181.436

Section B: Health

S1WEIGHT S2WEIGHT S3WEIGHT S4WEIGHT S5WEIGHT S6WEIGHT S7WEIGHT S8WEIGHT S9WEIGHT

9900 12966 11773 13805 12561 11446 12780 11566 10527

460

78.528 76.837 77.284 78.473 79.203 79.844 80.509 80.968 81.318

16.651 16.242 16.445 17.027 17.323 17.487 18.134 18.430 18.723

37.648 35.380 26.762 22.680 31.298 31.751 27.215 29.483 22.680

181.436 179.168 176.900 181.436 181.436 181.436 181.436 181.436 181.436

How Constructed: RwHEIGHT, RwWEIGHT, and RwBMI are the respondent's height, weight, and body mass index. SwWEIGHT, and SwBMI are this information for the respondent's spouse or partner.

SwHEIGHT,

Height, given in feet and inches, is converted to meters. Weight is converted to kilograms. Height is frequently missing from Wave 3 forward. The Wave 1 or 2 height is used to fill missing heights in later waves. BMI is weight divided by the square of height (weight / height^2). The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3BMI is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3BMI.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Questions ask the respondent's weight in pounds at each wave. The respondent's height in feet and inches is asked of everyone in Waves 1 and 2H. In Wave 2A, height is asked in inches. Beginning in Wave 3, only of new interviewees are asked.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V515 V517 V518 AHEAD 1993: B304 B306 HRS 1994: W462 W463 W464 AHEAD 1995: D954 D958 D959 HRS 1996: E954 E958 E959 HRS 1998: F1291 F1295 F1296 HRS 2000: G1425 G1428 G1429 HRS 2002: HC139

B41:WEIGHT B43:HEIGHT-FT B43:HEIGHT-INCHES

:IMP :IMP :IMP

B22. WEIGHT NOW B23. HEIGHT IN INCHES B45.WEIGHT B45a.HEIGHT-FEET B45a.HEIGHT-INCHES B22. WEIGHT W2 B22D. HEIGHT FEET B22E. HEIGHT INCHES B22. WEIGHT W2 B22D. HEIGHT FEET B22E. HEIGHT INCHES B22. WEIGHT CURRENT WAVE B22D. HEIGHT FEET B22E. HEIGHT INCHES B22. WEIGHT CURRENT WAVE B22D.HEIGHT FEET B22E.HEIGHT INCHES WEIGHT IN POUNDS

Section B: Health

HC141 HC142 HRS 2004: JC139 JC141 JC142 HRS 2006: KC139 KC141 KC142 HRS 2008: LC139 LC141 LC142

HEIGHT FEET HEIGHT INCHES WEIGHT IN POUNDS HEIGHT FEET HEIGHT INCHES WEIGHT IN POUNDS HEIGHT FEET HEIGHT INCHES WEIGHT IN POUNDS HEIGHT FEET HEIGHT INCHES

461

Section B: Health

462

Back problems Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1BACK R2BACK R3BACK R4BACK R5BACK R6BACK R7BACK R8BACK R9BACK

R1BACK:W1 R2BACK:W2 R3BACK:W3 R4BACK:W4 R5BACK:W5 R6BACK:W6 R7BACK:W7 R8BACK:W8 R9BACK:W9

R R R R R R R R R

had had had had had had had had had

back back back back back back back back back

problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1BACK S2BACK S3BACK S4BACK S5BACK S6BACK S7BACK S8BACK S9BACK

S1BACK:W1 S2BACK:W2 S3BACK:W3 S4BACK:W4 S5BACK:W5 S6BACK:W6 S7BACK:W7 S8BACK:W8 S9BACK:W9

S S S S S S S S S

had had had had had had had had had

back back back back back back back back back

problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems problems

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1BACK R2BACK R3BACK R4BACK R5BACK R6BACK R7BACK R8BACK R9BACK

12652 19574 17976 5092 19566 232 20100 213 17195

0.343 0.185 0.315 0.365 0.331 0.409 0.366 0.380 0.363

0.475 0.388 0.465 0.482 0.471 0.493 0.482 0.487 0.481

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1BACK S2BACK S3BACK S4BACK S5BACK S6BACK S7BACK S8BACK S9BACK

9900 13057 11907 3505 12725 215 12962 204 10638

0.336 0.201 0.306 0.353 0.322 0.419 0.360 0.373 0.349

0.472 0.401 0.461 0.478 0.467 0.494 0.480 0.485 0.477

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0. No | 1. Yes |

R1BACK

R2BACK

R3BACK

8313 4339

1 60 7 15953 3621

9 2 4 12313 5663

R4BACK 16290

R5BACK

R6BACK 17933

11 1 1 3232 1860

2 13091 6475

R7BACK

R8BACK 18255

27 1 1 137 95

R9BACK 20

1 2 12747 7353

132 81

2 10954 6241

Section B: Health

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0. No | 1. Yes |

463

S1BACK

S2BACK

S3BACK

2373 379 6577 3323

1 23 7 5970 584 10435 2622

4 2 2 5658 418 8258 3649

S4BACK 10471

S5BACK

S6BACK 11424

4 1 1 6869 537 2267 1238

1 6538 311 8629 4096

S7BACK

S8BACK 11530

S9BACK

10 1 1 6306 220 125 90

6 1

6777 380 8302 4660

6417 317 128 76

2 6206 365 6922 3716

How Constructed: RwBACK indicates whether the respondent reports back problems. the respondent's spouse or partner.

SwBACK is the same information for

Except in Wave 2, the derivation simply recodes the HRS raw variable for missing values into a yes/no indicator and sets missing values to missing codes. In Wave 2, there is a series of variables that list health problems by code. If any of these variables indicates back problems RwBACK is set to yes; if not, it is set to no. Note that this question is asked of re-interviewees every other wave beginning in Wave 4. When the question is skipped because it is a re-interview in an alternate year, RwBACK is set to .A, asked in previous wave. For odd numbered waves beginning in Wave 5, the question is asked of everyone. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3BACK is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3BACK.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The wording of this question varies across waves.

In Waves 1 and 2H, the question asks:

Do you have any of the following health problems? Problems with your back? In Wave 2A, the question asks: Do you have any other major health problems which you haven't told me about? Then following are lists of different health problems. Beginning in Wave 3, the question asks: [Since we last talked to you in (previous interview month)] Have you had any of the following persistant or troublesome problems? Back pain or problems? The answers can be yes or no in all waves. In all waves except Wave 2, the answers are coded in a single variable for back problems. In Wave 2, the answers are given in a series of variables that code which health problems the respondent reported. The code for back problems is 2 in Wave 2H and 112 in Wave 2A. In every other wave beginning with Wave 4, only new respondents are asked the question. In these waves, e.g., Waves 4, 6, and 8, it is skipped for re-interviewees. In the other waves, e.g., Waves 5, 7 and 9, the question is asked of everyone.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V431 AHEAD 1993: B294 B295A1 B295A2 HRS 1994: W396

B26B:PROBLEMS WITH B:IMP B18. OTHER HEALTH PROBLEMS B18a. OTHER HEALTH PROBLEM-1 B18a. OTHER HEALTH PROBLEM-2 B25a-g.HEALTH PROBLEMS

Section B: Health

W397 W398 W399 W400 W401 AHEAD 1995: D968 HRS 1996: E970 HRS 1998: F1307 HRS 2000: G1440 HRS 2002: HC146 HRS 2004: JC146 HRS 2006: KC146 HRS 2008: LC146

464

B25a-g.HEALTH B25a-g.HEALTH B25a-g.HEALTH B25a-g.HEALTH B25a-g.HEALTH

PROBLEMS PROBLEMS PROBLEMS PROBLEMS PROBLEMS

B23G.

SYMPTOMS-BACK PAIN

B23G.

SYMPTOMS-BACK PAIN

B23G.

SYMPTOMS-BACK PAIN

B23G.SYMPTOMS-BACK PAIN BACK PAIN OR PROBLEMS BACK PAIN OR PROBLEMS BACK PAIN OR PROBLEMS BACK PAIN OR PROBLEMS

Section B: Health

465

Ulcers Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2

R1ULCER R2ULCER

R1ULCER:W1 Rs had ulcers R2ULCER:W2 Rs had ulcers

Categ Categ

1 2

S1ULCER S2ULCER

S1ULCER:W1 Rs had ulcers S2ULCER:W2 Rs had ulcers

Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1ULCER R2ULCER

12652 19574

0.095 0.057

0.293 0.232

0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000

S1ULCER S2ULCER

9900 13057

0.088 0.056

0.284 0.231

0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1ULCER .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.no | 11454 1.yes | 1198

R2ULCER 1 60 7 18456 1118

Value-------------------------| S1ULCER .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.no | 9025 1.yes | 875

S2ULCER 1 23 7 5970 584 12321 736

How Constructed: RwULCER indicates whether the respondent reports any stomach or intestinal ulcers. same information for the respondent's spouse or partner.

SwULCER is the

The Wave 1 derivation simply recodes the HRS raw variable for missing values into a yes/no indicator and sets missing values to missing codes. In Wave 2, there is a series of variables that list health problems by code. If any of these variables indicates stomach or intestinal ulcers RwULCER is set to yes; if not, it is set to no. The question is not asked after Wave 2. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S2ULCER is taken from the Wave 2 spouse's R2ULCER.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The question about ulcers is asked only in Waves 1 and 2: In Waves 1 and 2H, the question ask: Do you have any of the following health problems? Stomach or intestinal ulcers?

Section B: Health

466

In waves 2A, the question ask: Do you have any other major health problems which you haven't told me about? Then following are lists of health problems. The answers can be yes or no in these waves. In Wave 1 the answers are coded in single variable for ulcers. In Wave 2, the answers are given in a series of variables that code which health problems the respondent reported. The code for ulcers is 5 in Wave 2H and 151 in Wave 2A.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V434 AHEAD 1993: B294 B295A1 B295A2 HRS 1994: W396 W397 W398 W399 W400 W401

B26E:STOMCH/INTEST U:IMP B18. OTHER HEALTH PROBLEMS B18a. OTHER HEALTH PROBLEM-1 B18a. OTHER HEALTH PROBLEM-2 B25a-g.HEALTH B25a-g.HEALTH B25a-g.HEALTH B25a-g.HEALTH B25a-g.HEALTH B25a-g.HEALTH

PROBLEMS PROBLEMS PROBLEMS PROBLEMS PROBLEMS PROBLEMS

Section B: Health

467

Health behaviors: Physical Activity or Exercise Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6

R1VIGACT R2VIGACT R3VIGACT R4VIGACT R5VIGACT R6VIGACT

R1VIGACT:W1 R2VIGACT:W2 R3VIGACT:W3 R4VIGACT:W4 R5VIGACT:W5 R6VIGACT:W6

R R R R R R

Wtr Wtr Wtr Wtr Wtr Wtr

vigorus vigorus vigorus vigorus vigorus vigorus

phys phys phys phys phys phys

act act act act act act

3+/wk 3+/wk 3+/wk 3+/wk 3+/wk 3+/wk

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6

S1VIGACT S2VIGACT S3VIGACT S4VIGACT S5VIGACT S6VIGACT

S1VIGACT:W1 S2VIGACT:W2 S3VIGACT:W3 S4VIGACT:W4 S5VIGACT:W5 S6VIGACT:W6

S S S S S S

Wtr Wtr Wtr Wtr Wtr Wtr

vigorus vigorus vigorus vigorus vigorus vigorus

phys phys phys phys phys phys

act act act act act act

3+/wk 3+/wk 3+/wk 3+/wk 3+/wk 3+/wk

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

R1VGACTF

R1VGACTF:W1 R Freq vigorous phys activ

Categ

1

S1VGACTF

S1VGACTF:W1 S Freq vigorous phys activ

Categ

1

R1HSWRKF

R1HSWRKF:W1 R Freq heavy housework

Categ

1

S1HSWRKF

S1HSWRKF:W1 S Freq heavy housework

Categ

2

R2VGACTN

R2VGACTN:W2 R # times/per vigor phys act

Cont

2

S2VGACTN

S2VGACTN:W2 S # times/per vigor phys act

Cont

2

R2VGACTP

R2VGACTP:W2 R Period vigor phys activ

Categ

2

S2VGACTP

S2VGACTP:W2 S Period vigor phys activ

Categ

1 2

R1LHTACT R2LHTACT

R1LHTACT:W1 R Wtr light phys activ 3+/wk R2LHTACT:W2 R Wtr light phys activ 3+/wk

Categ Categ

1 2

S1LHTACT S2LHTACT

S1LHTACT:W1 S Wtr light phys activ 3+/wk S2LHTACT:W2 S Wtr light phys activ 3+/wk

Categ Categ

1

R1LTACTF

R1LTACTF:W1 R Freq light phys activities

Categ

1

S1LTACTF

S1LTACTF:W1 S Freq light phys activities

Categ

2

R2LTACTN

R2LTACTN:W2 R # times/per light phys act

Cont

2

S2LTACTN

S2LTACTN:W2 S # times/per light phys act

Cont

2

R2LTACTP

R2LTACTP:W2 R Period light phys activ

Categ

2

S2LTACTP

S2LTACTP:W2 S Period light phys activ

Categ

7 8 9

R7VGACTX R8VGACTX R9VGACTX

R7VGACTX:W7 R Freq vigorous phys activ {finer scale} R8VGACTX:W8 R Freq vigorous phys activ {finer scale} R9VGACTX:W9 R Freq vigorous phys activ {finer scale}

Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

468

7 8 9

S7VGACTX S8VGACTX S9VGACTX

S7VGACTX:W7 S Freq vigorous phys activ {finer scale} S8VGACTX:W8 S Freq vigorous phys activ {finer scale} S9VGACTX:W9 S Freq vigorous phys activ {finer scale}

Categ Categ Categ

7 8 9

R7MDACTX R8MDACTX R9MDACTX

R7MDACTX:W7 R Freq moderate phys activ {finer scale} R8MDACTX:W8 R Freq moderate phys activ {finer scale} R9MDACTX:W9 R Freq moderate phys activ {finer scale}

Categ Categ Categ

7 8 9

S7MDACTX S8MDACTX S9MDACTX

S7MDACTX:W7 S Freq moderate phys activ {finer scale} S8MDACTX:W8 S Freq moderate phys activ {finer scale} S9MDACTX:W9 S Freq moderate phys activ {finer scale}

Categ Categ Categ

7 8 9

R7LTACTX R8LTACTX R9LTACTX

R7LTACTX:W7 R Freq light phys activ {finer scale} R8LTACTX:W8 R Freq light phys activ {finer scale} R9LTACTX:W9 R Freq light phys activ {finer scale}

Categ Categ Categ

7 8 9

S7LTACTX S8LTACTX S9LTACTX

S7LTACTX:W7 S Freq light phys activ {finer scale} S8LTACTX:W8 S Freq light phys activ {finer scale} S9LTACTX:W9 S Freq light phys activ {finer scale}

Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1VIGACT R2VIGACT R3VIGACT R4VIGACT R5VIGACT R6VIGACT

12652 11082 17982 21373 19573 18160

0.194 0.216 0.424 0.423 0.419 0.401

0.395 0.411 0.494 0.494 0.493 0.490

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1VIGACT S2VIGACT S3VIGACT S4VIGACT S5VIGACT S6VIGACT

9900 8468 11910 13973 12725 11635

0.192 0.225 0.469 0.464 0.465 0.454

0.394 0.418 0.499 0.499 0.499 0.498

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1VGACTF

12652

2.902

1.374

1.000

5.000

S1VGACTF

9900

2.923

1.377

1.000

5.000

R1HSWRKF

12652

2.902

1.374

1.000

5.000

S1HSWRKF

9900

2.923

1.377

1.000

5.000

R2VGACTN

11137

7.286

76.169

0.000

999.000

S2VGACTN

8514

7.980

80.911

0.000

999.000

R2VGACTP

5833

3.681

3.108

2.000

11.000

S2VGACTP

4545

3.689

3.114

2.000

11.000

R1LHTACT R2LHTACT

12652 11150

0.522 0.684

0.500 0.465

0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000

S1LHTACT S2LHTACT

9900 8530

0.529 0.695

0.499 0.461

0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

469

R1LTACTF

12652

2.022

1.352

1.000

5.000

S1LTACTF

9900

1.987

1.322

1.000

5.000

R2LTACTN

11168

19.329

122.715

0.000

999.000

S2LTACTN

8544

19.976

125.236

0.000

999.000

R2LTACTP

9546

5.538

4.314

2.000

11.000

S2LTACTP

7404

5.546

4.319

2.000

11.000

R7VGACTX R8VGACTX R9VGACTX

20109 18445 17207

4.071 4.083 4.072

1.303 1.318 1.311

1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000

S7VGACTX S8VGACTX S9VGACTX

12959 11724 10637

3.931 3.943 3.921

1.342 1.361 1.354

1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000

R7MDACTX R8MDACTX R9MDACTX

20116 18454 17208

2.988 2.925 2.962

1.304 1.370 1.364

1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000

S7MDACTX S8MDACTX S9MDACTX

12963 11727 10641

2.855 2.779 2.828

1.232 1.305 1.296

1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000

R7LTACTX R8LTACTX R9LTACTX

20118 18459 17206

2.686 2.615 2.641

1.106 1.179 1.195

1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000

S7LTACTX S8LTACTX S9LTACTX

12967 11729 10642

2.601 2.508 2.534

1.058 1.125 1.139

1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1VIGACT R2VIGACT R3VIGACT R4VIGACT R5VIGACT R6VIGACT .D=DK/NA | 25 5 9 5 7 .M=Oth missing | 309 3 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 .R=RF | 4 1 2 1 0.no | 10199 8689 10352 12337 11368 10884 1.yes | 2453 2393 7630 9036 8205 7276 Value-------------------------|S1VIGACT S2VIGACT S3VIGACT S4VIGACT S5VIGACT S6VIGACT .D=DK/NA | 16 2 4 4 6 .M=Oth missing | 252 3 .Q=Not asked this wave | 4549 .R=RF | 3 1 1 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 .V=Sp NR | 379 384 418 537 311 220 0.no | 8001 6559 6321 7490 6802 6356 1.yes | 1899 1909 5589 6483 5923 5279 Value-------------------------|R1VGACTF 1.3+ per week | 2453 2.1-2 per week | 3107 3.1-3 per mon | 2469 4.lt 1 per mon | 2469 5.Never | 2154 Value-------------------------|S1VGACTF

Section B: Health

.U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 1.3+ per week 2.1-2 per week 3.1-3 per mon 4.lt 1 per mon 5.Never

470

| | | | | | |

2373 379 1899 2372 1945 1961 1723

Value-------------------------|R1HSWRKF 1.3+ per week | 2453 2.1-2 per week | 3107 3.1-3 per mon | 2469 4.lt 1 per mon | 2469 5.Never | 2154 Value-------------------------|S1HSWRKF .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.3+ per week | 1899 2.1-2 per week | 2372 3.1-3 per mon | 1945 4.lt 1 per mon | 1961 5.Never | 1723 Value-------------------------| .A=All the time | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .Z=None | 02.per Week | 04.per Month | 06.per Year | 07.per Other | 11.per Day |

R2VGACTP 1 2 343 8222 4 5237 4017 779 175 52 810

Value-------------------------| .A=All the time | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .Z=None | 02.per Week | 04.per Month | 06.per Year | 07.per Other | 11.per Day |

S2VGACTP 1 2 278 4549 3 5970 384 3910 3126 607 135 43 634

Value-------------------------|R1LHTACT R2LHTACT .D=DK/NA | 20 .M=Oth missing | 249 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 .R=RF | 1 0.no | 6043 3524 1.yes | 6609 7626 Value-------------------------|S1LHTACT S2LHTACT .D=DK/NA | 13 .M=Oth missing | 195 .Q=Not asked this wave | 4549 .R=RF | 1 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 .V=Sp NR | 379 384 0.no | 4666 2605 1.yes | 5234 5925 Value-------------------------|R1LTACTF

Section B: Health

1.3+ per week 2.1-2 per week 3.1-3 per mon 4.lt 1 per mon 5.Never

471

| | | | |

6609 2676 1136 942 1289

Value-------------------------|S1LTACTF .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1.3+ per week | 5234 2.1-2 per week | 2126 3.1-3 per mon | 887 4.lt 1 per mon | 740 5.Never | 913 Value-------------------------| .A=All the time | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .Z=None | 02.per Week | 04.per Month | 06.per Year | 07.per Other | 11.per Day |

R2LTACTP 1 4 418 8222 1451 5478 323 105 12 3628

Value-------------------------| .A=All the time | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .Z=None | 02.per Week | 04.per Month | 06.per Year | 07.per Other | 11.per Day |

S2LTACTP 1 4 328 4549 5970 384 1002 4254 238 79 8 2825

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 1.every day | 2.> 1 per week | 3.1 per week | 4.l-3 per mon | 5.Never |

R7VGACTX R8VGACTX R9VGACTX 17 18 9 2 3 4 1 385 520 456 4169 3578 3361 1590 1458 1403 1464 1190 1260 12501 11699 10727

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.every day | 2.> 1 per week | 3.1 per week | 4.l-3 per mon | 5.Never |

S7VGACTX S8VGACTX S9VGACTX 10 8 8 1 3 2 1 6777 6417 6206 380 317 365 283 377 318 3084 2626 2427 1189 1070 1015 1092 862 892 7311 6789 5985

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 1.every day | 2.> 1 per week | 3.1 per week | 4.l-3 per mon |

R7MDACTX R8MDACTX R9MDACTX 11 11 8 2 2 2 1 1096 1909 1777 9284 7939 6949 3163 2649 2709 1914 1549 1703

Section B: Health

5.Never

472

|

4659

4408

4070

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.every day | 2.> 1 per week | 3.1 per week | 4.l-3 per mon | 5.Never |

S7MDACTX S8MDACTX S9MDACTX 7 6 4 1 2 1 1 6777 6417 6206 380 317 365 706 1285 1106 6439 5475 4682 2207 1744 1791 1249 988 1059 2362 2235 2003

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 1.every day | 2.> 1 per week | 3.1 per week | 4.l-3 per mon | 5.Never |

R7LTACTX R8LTACTX R9LTACTX 8 7 10 2 3 1 1 1074 2158 2090 10649 8841 7828 4503 3840 3834 1301 1187 1076 2591 2433 2378

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.every day | 2.> 1 per week | 3.1 per week | 4.l-3 per mon | 5.Never |

S7LTACTX S8LTACTX S9LTACTX 2 5 3 1 3 1 6777 6417 6206 380 317 365 738 1501 1402 7293 5987 5167 2698 2254 2220 877 751 692 1361 1236 1161

How Constructed: R1LTACTF gives the respondent's frequency of light physical activity or exercise. R1VGACTF gives the respondent's frequency of vigorous physical activity, and R1HSWRKF gives the frequency of doing heavy housework. R2LTACTN and R2LTACTP give the respondent's frequency of light physical activity as number of times and over what period, respectively. R2VGACTN and R2VGACTP give the same for the respondent's frequency of vigorous physical activity. RwLHTACT and RwVIGACT indicate whether the respondent participates in light and vigorous physical activity, respectively, 3 or more times a week. S1LTACTF, S1VGACTF, S1HSWRKF, S2LTACTN, S2LTACTP, S2VGACTN, S2VGACTP, SwLHTACT, and SwVIGACT give this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. In Wave 2A, questions about light or vigorous are not asked. So for Ahead respondents, R2VIGACT, R2VGACTF, R2HSWRKF, R2VGACTN, R2VGACTP, R2LHTACT, R2LTACTF, R2LTACTN AND R2LTACTP are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. The raw categorical Wave 1 variables are simply recoded for missings in R1LTACTF, R1VGACTF, and R1HSWRKF. The raw Wave 2H variables are recoded for missings with R2LTACTN and R2VGACTN set to number of times and R2LTACTP and R2VGACTP set to the period. For R2VGACTN/S2VGACTN and R2LTACTN/S2LTACTN, there is a code in the original HRS data for "All the time;All day at work"; this is recoded to 999. R1LHTACT, R2LHTACT, R1VIGACT, and R2VIGACT are attempts to make Wave 1 and 2H variables that are compatible with yes/no answers for physical activity in later waves which ask if the respondent participates in vigorous activity 3 or more times per week. For Wave 1, the derivation sets R1LHTACT to yes if R1LTACTF is 3+ times a week, and to no otherwise. The derivation for R1VIGACT combines the vigorous activity and heavy housework questions. If either is 3+ times/week, then R1VIGACT is set to yes.

Section B: Health

473

In Wave 2H, the derivation sets R2LHTACT based on the number of times and frequencies to arrive at a yes/no answer for 3+ times per week. It is made yes if the period is day, or if the respondent answers 3+ times per week, 12+ times per month, or 156+ times a year. The derivation for R2VIGACT is the same. From Wave 3 to Wave 6 the RwVIGACT derivation recodes the raw variable to 1 if the respondent answers yes, participates in vigorous physical activity 3 or more times a week, and to 0 for no. The question about light physical activity is not asked. Because of wording differences, even with the attempt to recode to a consistent measure, these variables seem to be significantly different measures across waves. From Wave 3 to Wave 6, the questions ask only about vigorous physical activity and include physical labor on the job and sports. Waves 1 and 2H list sports such as bowling and golf as examples in the light physical activity question, and do not mention activity on the job. Beginning in Wave 7, the single question about vigorous physical activity is replaced with three questions about physical activity, which offer the choice of vigorous, moderate or light physical activity occurring every day, more than once per week, once per week, one to three times per month, or never. These measures are derived as RwVGACTX, RwMDACTX, RwLTACTX, SwVGACTX, SwMDACTX and SwLTACTX. Please see Appendix A for detailed comparisons. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S2VIGACT is taken from the Wave 2 spouse's R2VIGACT variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, three questions ask about light physical activity, vigorous physical activity, and doing heavy housework: The next few questions are about exercise. How often do you participate in light physical activity--such as walking, dancing, gardening, golfing, bowling, etc? How often do you participate in vigorous physical exercise or sports--such as aerobics, running, swimming, or bicycling? How often do you do heavy housework like scrubbing floors or washing windows? The answers are 5-category frequencies: 3+ times/week, 1-2 times/week, 1-2 times/month, less than 1/month, and never. In Wave 2H, the question wording about light physical activity is similar but the question about vigorous physical activity includes doing heavy housework and both questions are answered in two parts: The next few questions are about physical activities. Please tell me how often you participate in light physical activity--such as walking, dancing, gardening, golfing, bowling, etc? How often do you participate in vigorous physical activity or sports--such as heavy housework, aerobics, running, swimming, or bicycling? The answers are given as how many times and over what period. In Wave 2A, the questions are not asked. From Waves 3 to 6, the question about light physical activity is not asked. The only question about physical activity asks: On average over the last 12 months have you participated in vigorous physical activity or exercise three times a week or more? By vigorous physical activity, we mean things like sports, heavy housework, or a job that involves physical labor. The answers are given as yes or no, for 3 or more times per week.

Section B: Health

474

Beginning in Wave 7, the single question about vigorous physical activity is replaced with three questions covering vigorous, moderate or light physical activity. The possible responses also change to: every day, more than once per week, once per week, one to three times per month, or never. The wording for these questions is: We would like to know the type and amount of physical activity involved in your daily life. How often do you take part in sports or activities that are vigorous, such as running or jogging, swimming, cycling, aerobics or gym workout, tennis, or digging with a spade or shovel? And how often do you take part in sports or activities that are moderately energetic such as, gardening, cleaning the car, walking at a moderate pace, dancing, floor or stretching exercises? And how often do you take part in sports or activities that are mildly energetic, such as vacuuming, laundry, home repairs?

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V512 V513 V514 HRS 1994: W458 W459 W460 W461 AHEAD 1995: D934 HRS 1996: E934 HRS 1998: F1262 HRS 2000: G1395 HRS 2002: HC115 HRS 2004: JC223 JC224 JC225 HRS 2006: KC223 KC224 KC225 HRS 2008: LC223 LC224 LC225

B38:FREQ:LIGHT PHYS :IMP B39:FREQ:HEAVY PHYS :IMP B40:HEAVY HOUSE WORK:IMP B42.LIGHT PHYSICAL EXERC B42a.AMOUNT WEEK/MONTH/Y B43.VIGOROUS EXERCISE B43a.AMOUNT WEEK/MONTH/Y B19Q. VIGOROUS EXERCISE B19Q. VIGOROUS EXERCISE B19Q. VIGOROUS EXERCISE B19Q. VIGOROUS EXERCISE VIGOROUS EXERCISE HOW OFTEN VIGOROUS ACTIVITY HOW OFTEN MODERATE ACTIVITY HOW OFTEN MILD ACTIVITY HOW OFTEN VIGOROUS ACTIVITY HOW OFTEN MODERATE ACTIVITY HOW OFTEN MILD ACTIVITY HOW OFTEN VIGOROUS ACTIVITY HOW OFTEN MODERATE ACTIVITY HOW OFTEN MILD ACTIVITY

Section B: Health

475

Health behaviors: Drinking Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DRINK R2DRINK R3DRINK R4DRINK R5DRINK R6DRINK R7DRINK R8DRINK R9DRINK

R1DRINK:W1 R2DRINK:W2 R3DRINK:W3 R4DRINK:W4 R5DRINK:W5 R6DRINK:W6 R7DRINK:W7 R8DRINK:W8 R9DRINK:W9

R R R R R R R R R

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks

any any any any any any any any any

alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DRINK S2DRINK S3DRINK S4DRINK S5DRINK S6DRINK S7DRINK S8DRINK S9DRINK

S1DRINK:W1 S2DRINK:W2 S3DRINK:W3 S4DRINK:W4 S5DRINK:W5 S6DRINK:W6 S7DRINK:W7 S8DRINK:W8 S9DRINK:W9

S S S S S S S S S

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks

any any any any any any any any any

alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol alcohol

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2

R1DRINKR R2DRINKR

R1DRINKR:W1 R range of # drinks/day R2DRINKR:W2 R range of # drinks/day

Categ Categ

1 2

S1DRINKR S2DRINKR

S1DRINKR:W1 S range of # drinks/day S2DRINKR:W2 S range of # drinks/day

Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3DRINKD R4DRINKD R5DRINKD R6DRINKD R7DRINKD R8DRINKD R9DRINKD

R3DRINKD:W3 R4DRINKD:W4 R5DRINKD:W5 R6DRINKD:W6 R7DRINKD:W7 R8DRINKD:W8 R9DRINKD:W9

R R R R R R R

# # # # # # #

days/week days/week days/week days/week days/week days/week days/week

drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3DRINKD S4DRINKD S5DRINKD S6DRINKD S7DRINKD S8DRINKD S9DRINKD

S3DRINKD:W3 S4DRINKD:W4 S5DRINKD:W5 S6DRINKD:W6 S7DRINKD:W7 S8DRINKD:W8 S9DRINKD:W9

S S S S S S S

# # # # # # #

days/week days/week days/week days/week days/week days/week days/week

drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3DRINKN R4DRINKN R5DRINKN R6DRINKN R7DRINKN R8DRINKN R9DRINKN

R3DRINKN:W3 R4DRINKN:W4 R5DRINKN:W5 R6DRINKN:W6 R7DRINKN:W7 R8DRINKN:W8 R9DRINKN:W9

R R R R R R R

# # # # # # #

drinks/day drinks/day drinks/day drinks/day drinks/day drinks/day drinks/day

drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3

S3DRINKN

S3DRINKN:W3 S # drinks/day when drinks

Categ

when when when when when when when

Section B: Health

4 5 6 7 8 9

476

S4DRINKN S5DRINKN S6DRINKN S7DRINKN S8DRINKN S9DRINKN

S4DRINKN:W4 S5DRINKN:W5 S6DRINKN:W6 S7DRINKN:W7 S8DRINKN:W8 S9DRINKN:W9

S S S S S S

# # # # # #

drinks/day drinks/day drinks/day drinks/day drinks/day drinks/day

when when when when when when

drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks drinks

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1DRINK R2DRINK R3DRINK R4DRINK R5DRINK R6DRINK R7DRINK R8DRINK R9DRINK

12652 19637 17986 21379 19575 18163 20125 18462 17215

0.605 0.504 0.462 0.471 0.450 0.446 0.486 0.497 0.488

0.489 0.500 0.499 0.499 0.497 0.497 0.500 0.500 0.500

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1DRINK S2DRINK S3DRINK S4DRINK S5DRINK S6DRINK S7DRINK S8DRINK S9DRINK

9900 13085 11912 13977 12728 11638 12969 11731 10645

0.614 0.539 0.505 0.511 0.494 0.494 0.529 0.540 0.538

0.487 0.499 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.499 0.498 0.499

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1DRINKR R2DRINKR

12652 19623

0.833 0.673

0.879 0.813

0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000

S1DRINKR S2DRINKR

9900 13078

0.840 0.726

0.871 0.830

0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000

R3DRINKD R4DRINKD R5DRINKD R6DRINKD R7DRINKD R8DRINKD R9DRINKD

17925 21379 19561 18131 20090 18438 17198

1.020 1.014 0.943 0.998 1.080 1.088 1.092

1.999 2.030 1.980 1.996 2.042 2.057 2.055

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000

S3DRINKD S4DRINKD S5DRINKD S6DRINKD S7DRINKD S8DRINKD S9DRINKD

11872 13977 12719 11617 12948 11721 10636

1.138 1.138 1.074 1.142 1.235 1.263 1.276

2.078 2.121 2.079 2.093 2.153 2.189 2.183

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000

R3DRINKN R4DRINKN R5DRINKN R6DRINKN R7DRINKN R8DRINKN R9DRINKN

17899 21317 19529 18130 20078 18424 17190

0.644 0.605 0.539 0.586 0.691 0.649 0.657

1.685 1.355 1.248 1.229 1.479 1.341 1.307

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

99.000 38.000 32.000 23.000 50.000 45.000 15.000

S3DRINKN

11856

0.701

1.342

0.000

30.000

Section B: Health

S4DRINKN S5DRINKN S6DRINKN S7DRINKN S8DRINKN S9DRINKN

13942 12699 11614 12946 11711 10629

477

0.670 0.608 0.655 0.765 0.727 0.750

1.352 1.279 1.249 1.488 1.324 1.358

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

38.000 32.000 23.000 50.000 24.000 15.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1DRINK .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.no | 4996 1.yes | 7656

R2DRINK 4

Value-------------------------| S1DRINK .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.no | 3826 1.yes | 6074

S2DRINK 2

1 9734 9903

1 5970 584 6035 7050

R3DRINK 1 2 2 9685 8301

R4DRINK 4

R5DRINK 2

R6DRINK 1

R7DRINK 1

1 11306 10073

2 10768 8807

3 10059 8104

3 10354 9771

2 5 9294 9168

1 8811 8404

S3DRINK

S4DRINK 1

S5DRINK

S6DRINK

S7DRINK

S8DRINK

S9DRINK

2 6538 311 6439 6289

3 6306 220 5894 5744

3 6777 380 6103 6866

1 3 6417 317 5395 6336

1 6206 365 4914 5731

2 1 5658 418 5894 6018

6869 537 6834 7143

R8DRINK

R9DRINK 1

Value-------------------------|R1DRINKR R2DRINKR .D=DK/NA | 15 .R=RF | 4 0.Doesnt drink | 4996 9734 1.lt 1/day | 5676 7425 2.1-2/day | 1285 1793 3.3-4/day | 483 496 4.5+/day | 212 175 Value-------------------------|S1DRINKR S2DRINKR .D=DK/NA | 8 .R=RF | 2 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 0.Doesnt drink | 3826 6035 1.lt 1/day | 4525 5220 2.1-2/day | 1005 1322 3.3-4/day | 393 376 4.5+/day | 151 125 Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.0 or doesnt drink | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |

R3DRINKD R4DRINKD R5DRINKD R6DRINKD R7DRINKD R8DRINKD R9DRINKD 59 4 12 28 33 21 11 3 2 4 1 6 8 6 8 8 12368 15113 14323 12798 13549 12491 11585 1805 1859 1452 1610 2115 1844 1763 1008 1157 968 956 1130 1043 1022 761 795 727 750 878 783 707 305 398 332 315 413 399 368 329 363 310 347 407 394 354 122 154 142 154 186 164 180 1227 1540 1307 1201 1412 1320 1219

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.0 or doesnt drink | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |

S3DRINKD S4DRINKD S5DRINKD S6DRINKD S7DRINKD S8DRINKD S9DRINKD 39 1 6 16 19 8 5 2 1 2 5 8 5 5 5 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 7787 9397 8845 7717 8215 7461 6661 1306 1372 1083 1174 1492 1271 1207 730 810 694 676 810 719 725 571 573 541 548 604 538 474 232 295 240 251 314 296 271

Section B: Health

478

5 6 7

| | |

260 98 888

288 124 1118

246 115 955

267 128 856

318 149 1046

312 133 991

267 147 884

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0.0 or doesnt drink | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 26 | 27 | 30 | 32 | 38 | 45 | 50 | 99.all day |

R3DRINKN R4DRINKN R5DRINKN R6DRINKN R7DRINKN R8DRINKN R9DRINKN 78 27 40 29 33 29 17 7 35 3 9 6 7 5 7 8 9 10 10 12387 15143 14362 12819 13552 12517 11599 2469 2757 2336 2479 2891 2716 2617 1826 2006 1724 1680 2057 1911 1757 640 737 593 646 848 692 653 244 286 227 214 316 252 242 101 107 81 84 98 94 91 140 160 115 121 189 153 127 13 24 18 20 12 15 18 22 34 24 23 34 19 29 4 2 1 2 6 2 2 15 20 19 17 24 19 18 1 1 2 2 23 24 17 18 31 23 30 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 5 2 2 3 6 4 6 1 6 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.0 or doesnt drink | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 20 | 21 | 23 | 24 | 26 | 30 | 32 | 38 |

S3DRINKN S4DRINKN S5DRINKN S6DRINKN S7DRINKN S8DRINKN S9DRINKN 51 15 24 19 14 14 10 3 18 2 5 4 5 3 5 8 7 6 7 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 7799 9414 8871 7732 8219 7474 6668 1774 2011 1701 1827 2073 1917 1847 1391 1493 1316 1242 1547 1405 1259 469 537 453 474 604 508 459 187 214 157 146 222 174 166 71 76 60 57 66 65 68 105 120 80 83 132 107 89 8 16 14 12 8 11 14 14 24 16 16 24 14 24 2 2 2 1 2 11 11 10 8 17 17 8 1 1 2 20 16 13 14 23 13 22 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Section B: Health

479

50

|

1

How Constructed: The RwDRINK variables indicate whether the respondent ever drinks alcoholic beverages. The R1DRINKR, R2DRINKR, RwDRINKD, and RwDRINKN variables are the respondent's answers to how often he/she drinks alcoholic beverages. The SwDRINK, S1DRINKR, S2DRINKR, SwDRINKD, and SwDRINKN variables give this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. The drinking behavior variables are simply recoded from the raw HRS variables. For RwDRINKN, there is a code in the original HRS data for "drinks all day"; this is recoded to 99. There are different variables for how often the respondent drinks in Waves 1 and 2 than in subsequent waves because different follow-up questions are asked. If the respondent says he/she never drinks alcohol, the 'how often' variables are set to zero. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S2DRINK is taken from the Wave 2 spouse's R2DRINK variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Waves 1 and 2, a question asks: Do you ever any alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, or liquor? If yes, another question asks for a range of drinks per day in general. The possible answers are: less than 1, 1-2, 3-4, 5 or more. From Wave 3 forward, the same initial question asks if the respondent ever drinks alcoholic beverages. If yes, two follow-up questions are asked about the last 3 months: In the last three months, on average, how many days per week have you had any alcohol to drink? (For example, beer, wine, or any drink containing liquor.) In the last three months, on the days you drink, about how many drinks do you have? If the answer to the first follow-up question is none or less than once week, then the second follow-up question is skipped.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V506 V507 AHEAD 1993: B301 B302 HRS 1994: W456 W457 AHEAD 1995: D949 D950 D951 HRS 1996: E949 E950 E951 HRS 1998: F1282 F1283 F1284 HRS 2000: G1415

B36:CURR DRINK ALCOH:IMP B36A:DRINKS PER DAY :IMP B20. EVER DRINK ALCOHOL B20a. # DRINKS PER DAY B41.DRINK ALCOHOL B41a.AMOUNT OF ALCOHOL P B21.ALCOHOL B21A.DRINK-# DAYS PER WEEK B21B.# DRINKS-DAY B21. ALCOHOL: EVER DRINK B21A. ALCOHOL: NUM DAYS DRINK PER WEEK B21C. ALCOHOL: NUM DRINKS PER DAY B21.ALCOHOL B21A.# DRINKS: DAYS PER WEEK B21B.# DRINKS-DAY B21.EVER DRINK ALCOHOL

Section B: Health

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

G1416 G1417 2002: HC128 HC129 HC130 2004: JC128 JC129 JC130 2006: KC128 KC129 KC130 2008: LC128 LC129 LC130

B21A.# DRINKS: DAYS PER WEEK B21B.# DRINKS-DAY EVER DRINK ALCOHOL NUMBER DAYS PER WEEK- DRINK ALCOHOL NUMBER DRINKS- PER DAY EVER DRINK ALCOHOL NUMBER DAYS PER WEEK- DRINK ALCOHOL NUMBER DRINKS- PER DAY EVER DRINK ALCOHOL NUMBER DAYS PER WEEK- DRINK ALCOHOL NUMBER DRINKS- PER DAY EVER DRINK ALCOHOL NUMBER DAYS PER WEEK- DRINK ALCOHOL NUMBER DRINKS- PER DAY

480

Section B: Health

481

Health behaviors: Preventive behaviors Wave Variable

Label

Type

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3CHOLST R4CHOLST R5CHOLST R6CHOLST R7CHOLST R8CHOLST R9CHOLST

R3CHOLST:W3 R4CHOLST:W4 R5CHOLST:W5 R6CHOLST:W6 R7CHOLST:W7 R8CHOLST:W8 R9CHOLST:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3CHOLST S4CHOLST S5CHOLST S6CHOLST S7CHOLST S8CHOLST S9CHOLST

S3CHOLST:W3 S4CHOLST:W4 S5CHOLST:W5 S6CHOLST:W6 S7CHOLST:W7 S8CHOLST:W8 S9CHOLST:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol Cholesterol

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3FLUSHT R4FLUSHT R5FLUSHT R6FLUSHT R7FLUSHT R8FLUSHT R9FLUSHT

R3FLUSHT:W3 R4FLUSHT:W4 R5FLUSHT:W5 R6FLUSHT:W6 R7FLUSHT:W7 R8FLUSHT:W8 R9FLUSHT:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Flu Flu Flu Flu Flu Flu Flu

Shot Shot Shot Shot Shot Shot Shot

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3FLUSHT S4FLUSHT S5FLUSHT S6FLUSHT S7FLUSHT S8FLUSHT S9FLUSHT

S3FLUSHT:W3 S4FLUSHT:W4 S5FLUSHT:W5 S6FLUSHT:W6 S7FLUSHT:W7 S8FLUSHT:W8 S9FLUSHT:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Flu Flu Flu Flu Flu Flu Flu

Shot Shot Shot Shot Shot Shot Shot

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3BREAST R4BREAST R5BREAST R6BREAST R7BREAST R8BREAST R9BREAST

R3BREAST:W3 R4BREAST:W4 R5BREAST:W5 R6BREAST:W6 R7BREAST:W7 R8BREAST:W8 R9BREAST:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Breast Breast Breast Breast Breast Breast Breast

Check Check Check Check Check Check Check

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3BREAST S4BREAST S5BREAST S6BREAST S7BREAST S8BREAST S9BREAST

S3BREAST:W3 S4BREAST:W4 S5BREAST:W5 S6BREAST:W6 S7BREAST:W7 S8BREAST:W8 S9BREAST:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Breast Breast Breast Breast Breast Breast Breast

Check Check Check Check Check Check Check

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5

R3MAMMOG R4MAMMOG R5MAMMOG

R3MAMMOG:W3 Prev Mammogram R4MAMMOG:W4 Prev Mammogram R5MAMMOG:W5 Prev Mammogram

Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

482

6 7 8 9

R6MAMMOG R7MAMMOG R8MAMMOG R9MAMMOG

R6MAMMOG:W6 R7MAMMOG:W7 R8MAMMOG:W8 R9MAMMOG:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev

Mammogram Mammogram Mammogram Mammogram

Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3MAMMOG S4MAMMOG S5MAMMOG S6MAMMOG S7MAMMOG S8MAMMOG S9MAMMOG

S3MAMMOG:W3 S4MAMMOG:W4 S5MAMMOG:W5 S6MAMMOG:W6 S7MAMMOG:W7 S8MAMMOG:W8 S9MAMMOG:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Mammogram Mammogram Mammogram Mammogram Mammogram Mammogram Mammogram

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3PAPSM R4PAPSM R5PAPSM R6PAPSM R7PAPSM R8PAPSM R9PAPSM

R3PAPSM:W3 R4PAPSM:W4 R5PAPSM:W5 R6PAPSM:W6 R7PAPSM:W7 R8PAPSM:W8 R9PAPSM:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Pap Pap Pap Pap Pap Pap Pap

Smear Smear Smear Smear Smear Smear Smear

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3PAPSM S4PAPSM S5PAPSM S6PAPSM S7PAPSM S8PAPSM S9PAPSM

S3PAPSM:W3 S4PAPSM:W4 S5PAPSM:W5 S6PAPSM:W6 S7PAPSM:W7 S8PAPSM:W8 S9PAPSM:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Pap Pap Pap Pap Pap Pap Pap

Smear Smear Smear Smear Smear Smear Smear

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3PROST R4PROST R5PROST R6PROST R7PROST R8PROST R9PROST

R3PROST:W3 R4PROST:W4 R5PROST:W5 R6PROST:W6 R7PROST:W7 R8PROST:W8 R9PROST:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Prostate Prostate Prostate Prostate Prostate Prostate Prostate

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3PROST S4PROST S5PROST S6PROST S7PROST S8PROST S9PROST

S3PROST:W3 S4PROST:W4 S5PROST:W5 S6PROST:W6 S7PROST:W7 S8PROST:W8 S9PROST:W9

Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev Prev

Prostate Prostate Prostate Prostate Prostate Prostate Prostate

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R3CHOLST R4CHOLST R5CHOLST R6CHOLST R7CHOLST R8CHOLST R9CHOLST

17846 5078 19464 230 19845 207 16962

0.716 0.755 0.762 0.774 0.821 0.792 0.849

0.451 0.430 0.426 0.419 0.383 0.407 0.358

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S3CHOLST

11863

0.728

0.445

0.000

1.000

Section B: Health

483

S4CHOLST S5CHOLST S6CHOLST S7CHOLST S8CHOLST S9CHOLST

3497 12674 215 12864 198 10547

0.748 0.780 0.786 0.838 0.808 0.866

0.434 0.415 0.411 0.369 0.395 0.341

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R3FLUSHT R4FLUSHT R5FLUSHT R6FLUSHT R7FLUSHT R8FLUSHT R9FLUSHT

17958 5090 19548 230 20063 210 17178

0.486 0.534 0.610 0.504 0.617 0.495 0.649

0.500 0.499 0.488 0.501 0.486 0.501 0.477

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S3FLUSHT S4FLUSHT S5FLUSHT S6FLUSHT S7FLUSHT S8FLUSHT S9FLUSHT

11903 3503 12720 214 12951 201 10632

0.478 0.528 0.605 0.514 0.615 0.488 0.642

0.500 0.499 0.489 0.501 0.487 0.501 0.480

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R3BREAST R4BREAST R5BREAST R6BREAST R7BREAST R8BREAST R9BREAST

10464 2834 11419 126 11680 110 10124

0.583 0.632 0.601 0.571 0.577 0.600 0.561

0.493 0.482 0.490 0.497 0.494 0.492 0.496

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S3BREAST S4BREAST S5BREAST S6BREAST S7BREAST S8BREAST S9BREAST

5945 1755 6350 118 6447 107 5302

0.618 0.644 0.643 0.559 0.615 0.598 0.601

0.486 0.479 0.479 0.499 0.487 0.493 0.490

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R3MAMMOG R4MAMMOG R5MAMMOG R6MAMMOG R7MAMMOG R8MAMMOG R9MAMMOG

10475 2835 11419 126 11697 110 10116

0.648 0.766 0.717 0.754 0.719 0.736 0.710

0.478 0.424 0.451 0.432 0.449 0.443 0.454

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S3MAMMOG S4MAMMOG S5MAMMOG S6MAMMOG S7MAMMOG S8MAMMOG S9MAMMOG

5949 1754 6353 118 6462 107 5314

0.714 0.785 0.777 0.763 0.779 0.729 0.783

0.452 0.411 0.417 0.427 0.415 0.447 0.412

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R3PAPSM R4PAPSM R5PAPSM R6PAPSM R7PAPSM R8PAPSM R9PAPSM

10449 2831 11406 124 11644 107 10080

0.590 0.705 0.615 0.726 0.598 0.720 0.509

0.492 0.456 0.487 0.448 0.490 0.451 0.500

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

484

S3PAPSM S4PAPSM S5PAPSM S6PAPSM S7PAPSM S8PAPSM S9PAPSM

5936 1754 6349 116 6437 104 5285

0.663 0.743 0.694 0.724 0.678 0.721 0.593

0.473 0.437 0.461 0.449 0.467 0.451 0.491

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R3PROST R4PROST R5PROST R6PROST R7PROST R8PROST R9PROST

7451 2249 8077 101 8273 103 6961

0.678 0.697 0.732 0.693 0.726 0.680 0.724

0.467 0.460 0.443 0.464 0.446 0.469 0.447

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S3PROST S4PROST S5PROST S6PROST S7PROST S8PROST S9PROST

5941 1745 6343 94 6436 97 5287

0.693 0.708 0.750 0.702 0.749 0.680 0.741

0.461 0.455 0.433 0.460 0.433 0.469 0.438

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0. No | 1. Yes |

R3CHOLST R4CHOLST R5CHOLST R6CHOLST R7CHOLST R8CHOLST R9CHOLST 15759 17220 17818 141 15 114 3 283 6 253 2 532 714 438 2 1 1 2 5062 1246 4630 52 3545 43 2565 12784 3832 14834 178 16300 164 14397

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0. No | 1. Yes |

S3CHOLST S4CHOLST S5CHOLST S6CHOLST S7CHOLST S8CHOLST S9CHOLST 10176 11037 11313 49 9 55 1 108 6 98 2 296 388 218 1 1 1 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 3225 880 2794 46 2090 38 1416 8638 2617 9880 169 10774 160 9131

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | 0. No | 1. Yes |

R3FLUSHT R4FLUSHT R5FLUSHT R6FLUSHT R7FLUSHT R8FLUSHT R9FLUSHT 15759 17220 17818 28 3 31 3 63 3 37 2 532 714 438 3 3 2 9230 2371 7624 114 7684 106 6028 8728 2719 11924 116 12379 104 11150

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0. No | 1. Yes |

S3FLUSHT S4FLUSHT S5FLUSHT S6FLUSHT S7FLUSHT S8FLUSHT S9FLUSHT 10176 11037 11313 9 3 10 2 19 3 13 2 296 388 218 1 2 1 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 6217 1655 5019 104 4983 103 3810 5686 1848 7701 110 7968 98 6822

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing |

R3BREAST R4BREAST R5BREAST R6BREAST R7BREAST R8BREAST R9BREAST 9297 10176 10509 38 4 43 2 94 69 4 293 7 403 7 266 7

Section B: Health

.R=RF .S=Skip .X=Missing organ 0. No 1. Yes

485

| | | | |

7478 7 4360 6104

8956

1 8109

2 7458

4 8344

7584

2 7015

1042 1792

4560 6859

54 72

4945 6735

44 66

4447 5677

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Missing organ | 0. No | 1. Yes |

S3BREAST S4BREAST S5BREAST S6BREAST S7BREAST S8BREAST S9BREAST 5089 5510 5651 6 2 12 38 26 2 143 3 189 4 112 5 1 2 3 1 5957 6989 6364 5822 6480 5865 5312 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 5 2273 624 2269 52 2480 43 2115 3672 1131 4081 66 3967 64 3187

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0. No | 1. Yes |

R3MAMMOG R4MAMMOG R5MAMMOG R6MAMMOG R7MAMMOG R8MAMMOG R9MAMMOG 9297 10176 10509 37 3 43 2 76 77 3 293 7 403 7 266 7 1 2 5 2 7476 8956 8109 7458 8344 7584 7015 3684 664 3235 31 3284 29 2935 6791 2171 8184 95 8413 81 7181

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0. No | 1. Yes |

S3MAMMOG S4MAMMOG S5MAMMOG S6MAMMOG S7MAMMOG S8MAMMOG S9MAMMOG 5089 5510 5651 10 3 9 24 14 1 143 3 189 4 112 5 1 2 2 1 5955 6989 6364 5822 6480 5865 5312 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1702 377 1419 28 1431 29 1151 4247 1377 4934 90 5031 78 4163

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Missing organ | 0. No | 1. Yes |

R3PAPSM

7476 7 4282 6167

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=Missing organ | 0. No | 1. Yes |

S3PAPSM

5955 5658 418 4 2002 3934

Value-------------------------| .A=Asked prv wave | .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .X=Missing organ | 0. No | 1. Yes |

R3PROST

Value-------------------------|

S3PROST

56 3

19 1

25 3 2 10505 5 2401 5050

R4PAPSM 9297 7 293

R5PAPSM

R7PAPSM

8956

56 7 1 8109

R6PAPSM 10176 4 403 2 7458

834 1997

4393 7013

34 90

S4PAPSM 5089 3 143

S5PAPSM

130 7 4 8344

R8PAPSM 10509 3 266

R9PAPSM

7584

113 7 2 7015

4684 6960

30 77

4949 5131

S7PAPSM

S8PAPSM 5651 3 112

S9PAPSM

6989 6869 537

13 3 1 6364 6538 311

S6PAPSM 5510 2 189 2 5822 6306 220

450 1304

1942 4407

32 84

R4PROST 6462 6 249

R5PROST

49 4 2 6480 6777 380

5865 6417 317

43 5 1 5312 6206 365

2070 4367

29 75

2150 3135

R7PROST

R8PROST 7309

R9PROST

12418

38 3 1 11460

R6PROST 7044 1 311 1 10709

76 6 2 11772

10884

59 3 2 10192

682 1567

2161 5916

31 70

2270 6003

33 70

1918 5043

S4PROST

S5PROST

S6PROST

S7PROST

S8PROST

S9PROST

173

Section B: Health

.A=Asked prv wave .D=DK/NA .M=Oth missing .R=RF .S=Skip .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR .X=Missing organ 0. No 1. Yes

486

| | | | | | | | | |

14 2 1 5952 5658 418 5 1822 4119

5087 4 158

24 3 6360 6538 311

5527 1 199 1 5819 6306 220

46 6 2 6482 6777 380

6984 6869 537 509 1236

5662

5869 6417 317

29 1 1 5328 6206 365

1583 4760

28 66

1613 4823

31 66

1371 3916

107

How Constructed: RwCHOLST, RwFLUSHT, RwBREAST, RwMAMMOG, RwPAPSM, and RwPROST indicate whether the respondent reports preventative health tests and procedures. The tests and procedures are a blood test for cholesterol, a flu shot, monthly self-checks for breast lumps, a mammogram, a pap smear, and a check for prostrate cancer, respectively. They are asked beginning in Wave 3. SwCHOLST, SwFLUSHT, SwBREAST, SwMAMMOG, SwPAPSM, and SwPROST are these measures for the respondent's spouse or partner. Every other wave beginning in Wave 4 and 6, these questions are skipped for individuals who responded to a previous wave. The analyst may want to carry prior wave values forward, e.g., Wave 3 values forward to Wave 4; this file does not do this. For re-interviewees who skipped this question in alternate wave, these variables are set to .A, asked in previous wave. In the odd waves, beginning with Wave 5, all individuals are asked these questions. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3BREAST is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3BREAST.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The preventative behavior questions are asked beginning in Wave 3. and 2.

They are not asked in Waves 1

Every other wave, beginning with Wave 4, these questions are asked only of new respondents. For reinterviewees, they are skipped. In the odd waves, beginning with Wave 5, all individuals are asked these questions. Beginning in Wave 7, the interviewer has an additional prompt for R when asking about flu shots: A FLU SHOT MAY NOW BE GIVEN BY A MIST IN THE NOSE. And the interviewer has additional instructions for coding answers about breast exams: CODE 'YES' IF R DOES A BREAST CHECK MORE THAN ONCE A MONTH. Only male respondents are asked the question about checking for prostrate cancer. Only female respondents are asked the questions about breast exams, mammograms, and pap smears.

HRS Variables Used AHEAD 1995: D919 D920 D925 D926 D927 D929 HRS 1996: E924 E925 E926 E927 E928 E929 HRS 1998:

B19B. PREVENTATIVE BEHAV FLU SHOT B19C. PREVENTATIVE BEHAV CHOLESTEROL B19F. PREVENTATIVE BEHAV BREAST LUMP B19G.PREVANTIVE MAMMOGRAM B19H.PREVANTATIVE PAP SMEAR B19K.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV PROSTATE B19B. PREVENTATIVE BEHAV FLU SHOT B19C. PREVENTATIVE BEHAV CHOLESTEROL B19F.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV BREAST LUMP B19G.PREVENTIVE MAMMOGRAM B19H.PREVENTATIVE PAP SMEAR B19K.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV PROSTATE

Section B: Health

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

F1252 F1253 F1254 F1255 F1256 F1257 2000: G1385 G1386 G1387 G1388 G1389 G1390 2002: HC109 HC110 HC111 HC112 HC113 HC114 2004: JC109 JC110 JC111 JC112 JC113 JC114 2006: KC109 KC110 KC111 KC112 KC113 KC114 2008: LC109 LC110 LC111 LC112 LC113 LC114

B19B. PREVENTATIVE BEHAV FLU SHOT B19C. PREVENTATIVE BEHAV CHOLESTEROL B19F.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV BREAST LUMP B19G.PREVENTATIVE MAMMOGRAM B19H.PREVENTATIVE PAP SMEAR B19K.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV PROSTATE B19B. PREVENTATIVE BEHAV FLU SHOT B19C.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV CHOLESTEROL B19F.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV BREAST LUMP B19G.PREVENTATIVE MAMMOGRAM B19H.PREVENTATIVE PAP SMEAR B19K.PREVENTATIVE BEHAV PROSTATE PREVENTATIVE FLU SHOT SINCE PREV WAVE CHOLESTEROL TEST SINCE PREV WAVE CHECK FOR BREAST LUMPS SINCE PREV WAVE MAMMOGRAM/XRAY OF BREAST SINCE PREV WAVE PAP SMEAR SINCE PREV WAVE PROSTATE EXAM SINCE PREV WAVE PREVENTATIVE FLU SHOT SINCE PREV WAVE CHOLESTEROL TEST SINCE PREV WAVE CHECK FOR BREAST LUMPS SINCE PREV WAVE MAMMOGRAM/XRAY OF BREAST SINCE PREV WAVE PAP SMEAR SINCE PREV WAVE PROSTATE EXAM SINCE PREV WAVE PREVENTATIVE FLU SHOT SINCE PREV WAVE CHOLESTEROL TEST SINCE PREV WAVE CHECK FOR BREAST LUMPS SINCE PREV WAVE MAMMOGRAM/XRAY OF BREAST SINCE PREV WAVE PAP SMEAR SINCE PREV WAVE PROSTATE EXAM SINCE PREV WAVE PREVENTATIVE FLU SHOT SINCE PREV WAVE CHOLESTEROL TEST SINCE PREV WAVE CHECK FOR BREAST LUMPS SINCE PREV WAVE MAMMOGRAM/XRAY OF BREAST SINCE PREV WAVE PAP SMEAR SINCE PREV WAVE PROSTATE EXAM SINCE PREV WAVE

487

Section B: Health

488

Health behaviors: Smoking (cigarettes) Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1SMOKEV R2SMOKEV R3SMOKEV R4SMOKEV R5SMOKEV R6SMOKEV R7SMOKEV R8SMOKEV R9SMOKEV

R1SMOKEV:W1 R2SMOKEV:W2 R3SMOKEV:W3 R4SMOKEV:W4 R5SMOKEV:W5 R6SMOKEV:W6 R7SMOKEV:W7 R8SMOKEV:W8 R9SMOKEV:W9

R R R R R R R R R

smoke smoke smoke smoke smoke smoke smoke smoke smoke

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1SMOKEV S2SMOKEV S3SMOKEV S4SMOKEV S5SMOKEV S6SMOKEV S7SMOKEV S8SMOKEV S9SMOKEV

S1SMOKEV:W1 S2SMOKEV:W2 S3SMOKEV:W3 S4SMOKEV:W4 S5SMOKEV:W5 S6SMOKEV:W6 S7SMOKEV:W7 S8SMOKEV:W8 S9SMOKEV:W9

S S S S S S S S S

smoke smoke smoke smoke smoke smoke smoke smoke smoke

ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever ever

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1SMOKEN R2SMOKEN R3SMOKEN R4SMOKEN R5SMOKEN R6SMOKEN R7SMOKEN R8SMOKEN R9SMOKEN

R1SMOKEN:W1 R2SMOKEN:W2 R3SMOKEN:W3 R4SMOKEN:W4 R5SMOKEN:W5 R6SMOKEN:W6 R7SMOKEN:W7 R8SMOKEN:W8 R9SMOKEN:W9

R R R R R R R R R

smokes smokes smokes smokes smokes smokes smokes smokes smokes

now now now now now now now now now

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1SMOKEN S2SMOKEN S3SMOKEN S4SMOKEN S5SMOKEN S6SMOKEN S7SMOKEN S8SMOKEN S9SMOKEN

S1SMOKEN:W1 S2SMOKEN:W2 S3SMOKEN:W3 S4SMOKEN:W4 S5SMOKEN:W5 S6SMOKEN:W6 S7SMOKEN:W7 S8SMOKEN:W8 S9SMOKEN:W9

S S S S S S S S S

smokes smokes smokes smokes smokes smokes smokes smokes smokes

now now now now now now now now now

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

R1SMOKEV R2SMOKEV R3SMOKEV R4SMOKEV R5SMOKEV R6SMOKEV R7SMOKEV R8SMOKEV

12652 19639 17790 21228 19440 18039 13077 10554

Mean 0.634 0.586 0.586 0.589 0.585 0.582 0.878 0.991

Std Dev 0.482 0.492 0.493 0.492 0.493 0.493 0.327 0.093

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

489

R9SMOKEV

9754

0.988

0.110

0.000

1.000

S1SMOKEV S2SMOKEV S3SMOKEV S4SMOKEV S5SMOKEV S6SMOKEV S7SMOKEV S8SMOKEV S9SMOKEV

9900 13087 11735 13846 12625 11546 8623 6799 6079

0.627 0.611 0.609 0.602 0.599 0.591 0.865 0.987 0.982

0.484 0.488 0.488 0.489 0.490 0.492 0.342 0.113 0.134

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1SMOKEN R2SMOKEN R3SMOKEN R4SMOKEN R5SMOKEN R6SMOKEN R7SMOKEN R8SMOKEN R9SMOKEN

12652 19635 17640 21381 19576 18166 13068 10550 9752

0.272 0.186 0.168 0.167 0.152 0.139 0.230 0.240 0.232

0.445 0.389 0.374 0.373 0.359 0.346 0.421 0.427 0.422

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1SMOKEN S2SMOKEN S3SMOKEN S4SMOKEN S5SMOKEN S6SMOKEN S7SMOKEN S8SMOKEN S9SMOKEN

9900 13085 11664 13978 12728 11640 8620 6797 6078

0.250 0.185 0.166 0.157 0.142 0.133 0.206 0.219 0.203

0.433 0.388 0.372 0.363 0.349 0.339 0.404 0.414 0.402

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1SMOKEV R2SMOKEV R3SMOKEV R4SMOKEV R5SMOKEV R6SMOKEV R7SMOKEV R8SMOKEV R9SMOKEV .M=Oth missing | 3 201 156 139 127 120 110 101 .N=Assumed No | 6932 7805 7362 .R=RF | 1 0. No | 4626 8122 7372 8734 8058 7548 1595 92 120 1. Yes | 8026 11517 10418 12494 11382 10491 11482 10462 9634 Value-------------------------|S1SMOKEV S2SMOKEV S3SMOKEV S4SMOKEV S5SMOKEV S6SMOKEV S7SMOKEV S8SMOKEV S9SMOKEV .M=Oth missing | 1 180 132 105 94 86 80 70 .N=Assumed No | 4263 4856 4497 .R=RF | 1 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0. No | 3688 5090 4587 5504 5064 4719 1167 88 111 1. Yes | 6212 7997 7148 8342 7561 6827 7456 6711 5968 Value-------------------------|R1SMOKEN R2SMOKEN R3SMOKEN R4SMOKEN R5SMOKEN R6SMOKEN R7SMOKEN R8SMOKEN R9SMOKEN .D=DK/NA | 5 2 1 1 2 1 .M=Oth missing | 350 1 1 127 112 102 .N=Assumed No | 6932 7805 7362 .R=RF | 2 1 1 1 1 0.no | 9214 15990 14670 17818 16606 15632 10056 8019 7492 1.yes | 3438 3645 2970 3563 2970 2534 3012 2531 2260 Value-------------------------|S1SMOKEN S2SMOKEN S3SMOKEN S4SMOKEN S5SMOKEN S6SMOKEN S7SMOKEN S8SMOKEN S9SMOKEN .D=DK/NA | 1 1 .M=Oth missing | 250 1 1 88 82 71 .N=Assumed No | 4263 4856 4497 .R=RF | 2 1 1 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365

Section B: Health

0.no 1.yes

490

| |

7429 2471

10667 2418

9729 1935

11789 2189

10918 1810

10095 1545

6844 1776

5309 1488

4846 1232

How Constructed: RwSMOKEV indicates whether the respondent ever smoked cigarettes. RwSMOKEN indicates whether the respondent smokes now. SwSMOKEV and SwSMOKEN are this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. These variables are recoded for missings into yes/no indicators. Since the ever-smoked question is only asked at the respondent's first interview, the answer is carried forward for RwSMOKEV in subsequent waves. If at any wave a respondent says he/she currently smokes cigarettes, i.e., RwSMOKEN is yes, RwSMOKEV is set to yes in that and all subsequent waves. Beginning in Wave 7, if the smoking questions were skipped because R never previously reported smoking, RwSMOKEV and RwSMOKEN are set to “N=Assumed No”. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3SMOKEN is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3SMOKEN.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Waves 1 all respondents are asked: “Have you ever smoked cigarettes?” This question is not asked in Waves 2H and 3. interviewees.

Beginning in Wave 4, it is asked of new

In Wave 2A question asks: “How would you describe yourself; as a current smoker, as a former smoker, or as someone who has never smoked?” In all waves, except Wave 2A, a question asks: “Do you smoke cigarettes now?” The answers to these questions are yes and no. answers.

In some waves, cigars or pipes are given as coded

In Waves 2H and 3A, this question is asked of everyone. In Wave 3H, this question is skipped if R said no to having ever smoked in a previous wave. In Waves 4 to 6, the question is skipped if a new interviewee said no to the ever smoked question. It is asked of all new interviewees who ever smoked and all re-interviewees. Beginning in Wave 7, both questions are skipped if R had previously stated that s/he had never smoked.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V501 V502 AHEAD 1993: B298 HRS 1994: W452 AHEAD 1995: D942 HRS 1996: E107 E942 HRS 1998: F1266 F1267 HRS 2000: G1399

B35:EVER SMOKED :IMP B35A:CURRENTLY SMOKE:IMP B19. SMOKER (CURRENT/FORMER/NEVER) B40.SMOKE CIGARETTES B20. SMOKE CIG PREV WAVE EVER SMOKED B20. SMOKE CIG B20-1. EVER SMOKE B20. SMOKE CIG B20-1. EVER SMOKE

Section B: Health

G1400 HRS 2002: HC116 HC117 HRS 2004: JC116 JC117 HRS 2006: KC116 KC117 HRS 2008: LC116 LC117

B20.SMOKE CIGARETTES NOW EVER SMOKE SMOKE CIGARETTES NOW EVER SMOKE SMOKE CIGARETTES NOW EVER SMOKE SMOKE CIGARETTES NOW EVER SMOKE SMOKE CIGARETTES NOW

491

Section B: Health

492

Change in Health: Self-reported health Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2SHLTC R3SHLTC R4SHLTC R5SHLTC R6SHLTC R7SHLTC R8SHLTC R9SHLTC

R2SHLTC:W2 R3SHLTC:W3 R4SHLTC:W4 R5SHLTC:W5 R6SHLTC:W6 R7SHLTC:W7 R8SHLTC:W8 R9SHLTC:W9

Change Change Change Change Change Change Change Change

in in in in in in in in

self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported

hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2SHLTC S3SHLTC S4SHLTC S5SHLTC S6SHLTC S7SHLTC S8SHLTC S9SHLTC

S2SHLTC:W2 S3SHLTC:W3 S4SHLTC:W4 S5SHLTC:W5 S6SHLTC:W6 S7SHLTC:W7 S8SHLTC:W8 S9SHLTC:W9

Change Change Change Change Change Change Change Change

in in in in in in in in

self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported

hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2SHLTCF R3SHLTCF R4SHLTCF R5SHLTCF R6SHLTCF R7SHLTCF R8SHLTCF R9SHLTCF

R2SHLTCF:W2 R3SHLTCF:W3 R4SHLTCF:W4 R5SHLTCF:W5 R6SHLTCF:W6 R7SHLTCF:W7 R8SHLTCF:W8 R9SHLTCF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported

hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2SHLTCF S3SHLTCF S4SHLTCF S5SHLTCF S6SHLTCF S7SHLTCF S8SHLTCF S9SHLTCF

S2SHLTCF:W2 S3SHLTCF:W3 S4SHLTCF:W4 S5SHLTCF:W5 S6SHLTCF:W6 S7SHLTCF:W7 S8SHLTCF:W8 S9SHLTCF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported self-reported

hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth hlth

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2SHLTC R3SHLTC R4SHLTC R5SHLTC R6SHLTC R7SHLTC R8SHLTC R9SHLTC

11419 17706 16281 19303 17920 16632 18225 17041

0.098 0.040 0.267 -0.018 0.113 0.112 0.059 0.116

0.922 0.953 0.955 0.944 0.928 0.907 0.895 0.894

-4.000 -4.000 -4.000 -4.000 -4.000 -4.000 -4.000 -4.000

4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S2SHLTC S3SHLTC S4SHLTC S5SHLTC

8738 11667 10466 12476

0.104 0.050 0.267 -0.022

0.914 0.927 0.911 0.917

-4.000 -4.000 -4.000 -4.000

4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

Section B: Health

493

S6SHLTC S7SHLTC S8SHLTC S9SHLTC

11424 10477 11518 10491

0.097 0.122 0.049 0.128

0.894 0.874 0.866 0.864

-4.000 -4.000 -4.000 -4.000

4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R2SHLTCF R3SHLTCF R4SHLTCF R5SHLTCF R6SHLTCF R7SHLTCF R8SHLTCF R9SHLTCF

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

3.768 0.163 2.178 0.160 0.182 1.602 0.159 0.145

4.440 1.130 3.825 1.084 1.090 3.406 1.066 0.963

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2SHLTCF S3SHLTCF S4SHLTCF S5SHLTCF S6SHLTCF S7SHLTCF S8SHLTCF S9SHLTCF

13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

2.991 0.208 2.287 0.206 0.216 1.763 0.198 0.168

4.240 1.290 3.893 1.272 1.247 3.543 1.237 1.108

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 7.Used IW-8 | 9.Missing |

R2SHLTCF R3SHLTCF R4SHLTCF R5SHLTCF R6SHLTCF R7SHLTCF R8SHLTCF R9SHLTCF 11419 17340 15749 18848 17211 16181 17787 16461 366 413 298 482 274 255 404 119 114 119 87 114 92 43 71 47 39 52 37 27 17 16 16 9 5 4 6 5 8223 285 5103 276 247 3497 244 176

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 7.Used IW-8 | 9.Missing |

S2SHLTCF S3SHLTCF S4SHLTCF S5SHLTCF S6SHLTCF S7SHLTCF S8SHLTCF S9SHLTCF 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 8738 11426 10170 12232 11039 10252 11300 10219 241 229 164 277 131 121 200 67 62 55 43 64 41 18 38 22 21 17 15 16 8 8 13 5 4 1 4350 248 3512 254 217 2495 217 155

How Constructed: The change in health measures were chosen for their consistency across waves. They include measures of overall health, functional limitation summaries, doctor-diagnosed health conditions, and assessment of mortality measures. They are calculated as the current wave less the previous interview measures. If R missed an interview due to non-response, the change is between the current and the last interview that R did respond to. A flag for each change variable indicates how many interviews were missed prior to the current. For further discussion of the Change in Health variables see the section titled "Health Change" earlier in this document.

Section B: Health

494

RwSHLTC is the change in self-reported health status from the previous to the current interview. RwSHLTCF indicates how far back the previous interview is. SwSHLTC and SwSHLTCF are this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. The derivation of RwSHLTC is: RwSHLTC = RwSHLT - RpSHLT where 'w' means current wave and 'p' means the previous interview. For example, if an individual responded to Waves 2 and 3, R3SHLTC = R3SHLT - R2SHLT. Since a lower number means better health in the RwSHLT variables, a positive value for RwSHLTC indicates a decline in self-rated health. Not all individuals respond to every interview. Respondents may miss one or more interviews between those they complete. RwSHLTCF indicates if there are any missed interviews prior to the current, and if so, how many. In other words, it indicates how far back the previous interview is, from which the change is measured. Its codes are: 0) did not miss the previous interview; change = current - [current-1]; 1) missed the previous interview, but only one; change = current - [current2]; 2) missed the two previous interviews; change = current - [current-3]; 3) missed the three previous interviews; change = current - [current-4]; 4) missed the four previous interviews; change = current - [current-5]; 5) missed the five previous interviews; change = current - [current-6]; 9) either the current or previous interview measure is missing, so change is missing. Please see also the self-reported change in health variable (RwHLTC) described earlier in this section and the description of the self-reported health variable RwSHLT. Note that RwHLTC asks the respondent to assess retrospectively how his/her health has changed since the last interview while RwSHLTC compares measures of self-reported current health from the two time points. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3SHLTC is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3SHLTC.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Please see the documentation of the variables used to derive these change-in-health variables for a description of cross-wave differences in the raw HRS data.

Section B: Health

495

Change in Health: Functional Limitations Wave Variable

Label

Type

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3ADLC R4ADLC R5ADLC R6ADLC R7ADLC R8ADLC R9ADLC

R3ADLC:W3 R4ADLC:W4 R5ADLC:W5 R6ADLC:W6 R7ADLC:W7 R8ADLC:W8 R9ADLC:W9

Change-ADLs Change-ADLs Change-ADLs Change-ADLs Change-ADLs Change-ADLs Change-ADLs

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3ADLC S4ADLC S5ADLC S6ADLC S7ADLC S8ADLC S9ADLC

S3ADLC:W3 S4ADLC:W4 S5ADLC:W5 S6ADLC:W6 S7ADLC:W7 S8ADLC:W8 S9ADLC:W9

Change-ADLs Change-ADLs Change-ADLs Change-ADLs Change-ADLs Change-ADLs Change-ADLs

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3ADLF R4ADLF R5ADLF R6ADLF R7ADLF R8ADLF R9ADLF

R3ADLF:W3 R4ADLF:W4 R5ADLF:W5 R6ADLF:W6 R7ADLF:W7 R8ADLF:W8 R9ADLF:W9

Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg

Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3ADLF S4ADLF S5ADLF S6ADLF S7ADLF S8ADLF S9ADLF

S3ADLF:W3 S4ADLF:W4 S5ADLF:W5 S6ADLF:W6 S7ADLF:W7 S8ADLF:W8 S9ADLF:W9

Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg

Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs Flag-ADLs

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3GROSSC R4GROSSC R5GROSSC R6GROSSC R7GROSSC R8GROSSC R9GROSSC

R3GROSSC:W3 R4GROSSC:W4 R5GROSSC:W5 R6GROSSC:W6 R7GROSSC:W7 R8GROSSC:W8 R9GROSSC:W9

Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3GROSSC S4GROSSC S5GROSSC S6GROSSC S7GROSSC S8GROSSC S9GROSSC

S3GROSSC:W3 S4GROSSC:W4 S5GROSSC:W5 S6GROSSC:W6 S7GROSSC:W7 S8GROSSC:W8 S9GROSSC:W9

Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5 Chg:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath/5

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5

R3GROSSF R4GROSSF R5GROSSF

R3GROSSF:W3 ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath /0-5 R4GROSSF:W4 ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath /0-5 R5GROSSF:W5 ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath /0-5

Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

496

6 7 8 9

R6GROSSF R7GROSSF R8GROSSF R9GROSSF

R6GROSSF:W6 R7GROSSF:W7 R8GROSSF:W8 R9GROSSF:W9

ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3GROSSF S4GROSSF S5GROSSF S6GROSSF S7GROSSF S8GROSSF S9GROSSF

S3GROSSF:W3 S4GROSSF:W4 S5GROSSF:W5 S6GROSSF:W6 S7GROSSF:W7 S8GROSSF:W8 S9GROSSF:W9

ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath ChgF:Walk1/R,Clim1,Bed,Bath

/0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5 /0-5

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3FINEC R4FINEC R5FINEC R6FINEC R7FINEC R8FINEC R9FINEC

R3FINEC:W3 R4FINEC:W4 R5FINEC:W5 R6FINEC:W6 R7FINEC:W7 R8FINEC:W8 R9FINEC:W9

Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress

/0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3FINEC S4FINEC S5FINEC S6FINEC S7FINEC S8FINEC S9FINEC

S3FINEC:W3 S4FINEC:W4 S5FINEC:W5 S6FINEC:W6 S7FINEC:W7 S8FINEC:W8 S9FINEC:W9

Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress Chg:Dime,Eat,Dress

/0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3FINEF R4FINEF R5FINEF R6FINEF R7FINEF R8FINEF R9FINEF

R3FINEF:W3 R4FINEF:W4 R5FINEF:W5 R6FINEF:W6 R7FINEF:W7 R8FINEF:W8 R9FINEF:W9

ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress

/0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3FINEF S4FINEF S5FINEF S6FINEF S7FINEF S8FINEF S9FINEF

S3FINEF:W3 S4FINEF:W4 S5FINEF:W5 S6FINEF:W6 S7FINEF:W7 S8FINEF:W8 S9FINEF:W9

ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress ChgF:Dime,Eat,Dress

/0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3 /0-3

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R3ADLC R4ADLC R5ADLC R6ADLC R7ADLC R8ADLC R9ADLC

17682 16264 19271 17917 16643 18247 17058

0.172 0.120 0.084 0.092 0.095 0.108 0.097

0.833 0.821 0.784 0.797 0.798 0.789 0.815

-5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S3ADLC

11661

0.123

0.703

-5.000

5.000

Section B: Health

497

S4ADLC S5ADLC S6ADLC S7ADLC S8ADLC S9ADLC

10464 12472 11419 10484 11532 10504

0.070 0.054 0.053 0.056 0.079 0.048

0.675 0.655 0.674 0.681 0.662 0.673

-5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

R3ADLF R4ADLF R5ADLF R6ADLF R7ADLF R8ADLF R9ADLF

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.175 2.185 0.174 0.183 1.597 0.148 0.135

1.175 3.829 1.141 1.096 3.402 1.021 0.921

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S3ADLF S4ADLF S5ADLF S6ADLF S7ADLF S8ADLF S9ADLF

11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.212 2.289 0.209 0.220 1.758 0.187 0.157

1.305 3.894 1.282 1.261 3.540 1.199 1.063

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R3GROSSC R4GROSSC R5GROSSC R6GROSSC R7GROSSC R8GROSSC R9GROSSC

10744 16115 19240 17903 16639 18247 17058

0.075 0.135 0.116 0.131 0.122 0.135 0.116

0.736 0.904 0.904 0.929 0.919 0.911 0.915

-5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S3GROSSC S4GROSSC S5GROSSC S6GROSSC S7GROSSC S8GROSSC S9GROSSC

8124 10412 12461 11413 10483 11532 10505

0.060 0.089 0.085 0.087 0.078 0.103 0.070

0.692 0.770 0.779 0.807 0.808 0.799 0.787

-5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000 -5.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

R3GROSSF R4GROSSF R5GROSSF R6GROSSF R7GROSSF R8GROSSF R9GROSSF

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

3.645 2.241 0.185 0.188 1.598 0.147 0.134

4.400 3.869 1.191 1.120 3.403 1.020 0.918

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S3GROSSF S4GROSSF S5GROSSF S6GROSSF S7GROSSF S8GROSSF S9GROSSF

11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

2.884 2.318 0.215 0.223 1.759 0.187 0.156

4.181 3.914 1.306 1.275 3.540 1.199 1.060

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R3FINEC R4FINEC R5FINEC R6FINEC R7FINEC R8FINEC R9FINEC

17683 16265 19271 17916 16642 18248 17059

0.105 0.057 0.044 0.043 0.049 0.060 0.047

0.514 0.531 0.502 0.509 0.519 0.512 0.529

-3.000 -3.000 -3.000 -3.000 -3.000 -3.000 -3.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Section B: Health

498

S3FINEC S4FINEC S5FINEC S6FINEC S7FINEC S8FINEC S9FINEC

11662 10465 12472 11419 10484 11532 10504

0.086 0.036 0.032 0.023 0.035 0.045 0.025

0.450 0.459 0.437 0.444 0.456 0.450 0.457

-3.000 -3.000 -3.000 -3.000 -3.000 -3.000 -3.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R3FINEF R4FINEF R5FINEF R6FINEF R7FINEF R8FINEF R9FINEF

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.174 2.185 0.174 0.184 1.597 0.147 0.135

1.173 3.829 1.141 1.098 3.402 1.019 0.919

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S3FINEF S4FINEF S5FINEF S6FINEF S7FINEF S8FINEF S9FINEF

11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.211 2.288 0.209 0.220 1.758 0.187 0.157

1.302 3.894 1.282 1.261 3.540 1.199 1.063

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 7.Used IW-8 | 9.Missing |

R3ADLF 17320 362

R4ADLF 15733 413 118

R5ADLF 18828 288 113 42

R6ADLF 17210 480 119 71 37

R7ADLF 16195 274 85 46 27 16

R8ADLF 17810 255 114 39 16 9 4

309

5120

308

250

3486

222

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 7.Used IW-8 | 9.Missing |

S3ADLF 5658 418 11420 241

S4ADLF 6869 537 10168 229 67

S5ADLF 6538 311 12230 162 62 18

S6ADLF 6306 220 11035 276 55 38 15

S7ADLF 6777 380 10258 133 42 22 16 13

S8ADLF 6417 317 11315 121 64 21 7

R9ADLF 16481 403 92 51 16 4 6 5 159 S9ADLF 6206 365 10232 201 41 17 8 4

4 254

3514

258

222

2488

203

1 142

Value-------------------------| 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 7.Used IW-8 | 9.Missing |

R3GROSSF R4GROSSF R5GROSSF R6GROSSF R7GROSSF R8GROSSF R9GROSSF 10382 15736 18830 17210 16194 17812 16484 362 261 289 480 274 255 403 118 79 119 85 114 92 42 57 46 39 51 37 24 16 16 16 7 4 4 3 5 7247 5269 339 264 3490 222 159

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 |

S3GROSSF S4GROSSF S5GROSSF S6GROSSF S7GROSSF S8GROSSF S9GROSSF 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 7883 10169 12231 11035 10257 11315 10233 241 176 163 276 133 121 201

Section B: Health

2.Used IW-3 3.Used IW-4 4.Used IW-5 5.Used IW-6 6.Used IW-7 7.Used IW-8 9.Missing

499

| | | | | | |

67

49 18

55 32 15

42 22 16 13

64 21 7

41 17 8 4

4 3791

3566

269

228

2489

203

Value-------------------------| 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 7.Used IW-8 | 9.Missing |

R3FINEF 17321 362

R4FINEF 15734 413 118

R5FINEF 18828 288 113 42

R6FINEF 17210 479 119 71 37

R7FINEF 16194 274 85 46 27 16

R8FINEF 17811 255 114 39 16 9 4

308

5119

308

251

3487

221

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 7.Used IW-8 | 9.Missing |

S3FINEF 5658 418 11421 241

S4FINEF 6869 537 10169 229 67

S5FINEF 6538 311 12230 162 62 18

S6FINEF 6306 220 11035 276 55 38 15

S7FINEF 6777 380 10258 133 42 22 16 13

S8FINEF 6417 317 11315 121 64 21 7

1 141 R9FINEF 16482 403 92 51 16 4 6 5 158 S9FINEF 6206 365 10232 201 41 17 8 4

4 253

3513

258

222

2488

203

1 142

How Constructed: The change in health measures were chosen for their consistency across waves. They include measures of overall health, functional limitation summaries, doctor-diagnosed health conditions, and assessment of mortality measures. They are calculated as the current wave less the previous interview measures. If R missed an interview due to non-response, the change is between the current and the last interview that R did respond to. A flag for each change variable indicates how many interviews were missed prior to the current. For further discussion of the Change in Health variables see the section titled "Health Change" earlier in this document. RwADLC, RwGROSSC, and RwFINEC are the changes from the previous to the current interview, in functional limitation indices for Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), gross motor activities, and fine motor activities, respectively. RwADLF, RwGROSSF, and RwFINEF indicate how far back the previous interview is and whether the change measure is missing. SwADLC, SwGROSSC, SwFINEC, SwADLF, SwGROSSF, and SwFINEF are this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. Because of significant differences in question wording in Wave 1, we do not include functional limitation indices for this interview year. Thus the change variables begin in Wave 3 with the change from Wave 2. There are other cross wave differences in the way HRS presented the functional limitation questions in Wave 2H and 2A and the later waves, that may introduce measurement errors in these variables, which in turn may affect the change variables. In addition the criteria used for skipping some questions changed between Wave 3 and later waves, which may also influence the consistency of measurement before Wave 4 for all ADLs except dressing. RwADLA, RwGROSSA, and RwFINEA all include at least one ADL measure besides dressing. RwADLA summarizes difficulty with walking across a room, getting in and out of bed, dressing, bathing, and eating. RwGROSSA summarizes difficulty with walking one block, walking across a room, climbing a flight of stairs, getting in and out of bed, and bathing. RwFINEA summarizes difficulty with picking up a dime, eating, and dressing.

Section B: Health

500

The derivation of these variables is: RwADLC = RwADLA - RpADLA RwGROSSC = RwGROSSA - RpGROSSA RwFINEC = RwFINEA - RpFINEA where 'w' means current wave and 'p' means the previous interview. responded to Waves 3 and 4, R4ADLC = R4ADLA – R3ADLA.

For example, if an individual

In Wave 2A, one of the components of R2GROSSA is not collected, and R2GROSSA is set to .Q. Wave 3A, RwGROSSC is set to .Q to indicate that this change measure is not available.

So for

Not all individuals respond to every interview. Respondents may miss one or more interviews between those they complete. RwADLF, RwGROSSF, and RwFINEF indicate if there are any missed interviews prior to the current, and if so, how many. In other words, they indicate how far back the previous interview is, from which the change is measured. Their codes are: 0) did not miss the previous interview; change = current - [current-1]; 1) missed the previous interview, but only one; change = current - [current-2]; 2) missed the two previous interviews; change = current - [current3]; 3) missed the three previous interviews; change = current - [current-4]; 4) missed the four previous interviews; change = current - [current-5]; 5) missed the five previous interviews; change = current - [current-6]; 9) either the current or previous interview measure is missing, so change is missing. Please see the description of RwADLA in "ADL Summary" and of RwGROSSA and RwFINEA in "Other Summary Indices" earlier in this section. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3ADLC is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3ADLC variable.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Please see the documentation of the variables used to derive these change-in-health variables for a description of cross-wave differences in the raw HRS data under "Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data" for the "Activities of daily living (ADLs): Some difficulty" and "Other functional limitations: Some difficulty".

Section B: Health

501

Change in Health: Conditions Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2HIBPS R3HIBPS R4HIBPS R5HIBPS R6HIBPS R7HIBPS R8HIBPS R9HIBPS

R2HIBPS:W2 R3HIBPS:W3 R4HIBPS:W4 R5HIBPS:W5 R6HIBPS:W6 R7HIBPS:W7 R8HIBPS:W8 R9HIBPS:W9

R R R R R R R R

had had had had had had had had

hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi

BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP

since since since since since since since since

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2HIBPS S3HIBPS S4HIBPS S5HIBPS S6HIBPS S7HIBPS S8HIBPS S9HIBPS

S2HIBPS:W2 S3HIBPS:W3 S4HIBPS:W4 S5HIBPS:W5 S6HIBPS:W6 S7HIBPS:W7 S8HIBPS:W8 S9HIBPS:W9

S S S S S S S S

had had had had had had had had

hi hi hi hi hi hi hi hi

BP BP BP BP BP BP BP BP

since since since since since since since since

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2DIABS R3DIABS R4DIABS R5DIABS R6DIABS R7DIABS R8DIABS R9DIABS

R2DIABS:W2 R3DIABS:W3 R4DIABS:W4 R5DIABS:W5 R6DIABS:W6 R7DIABS:W7 R8DIABS:W8 R9DIABS:W9

R R R R R R R R

had had had had had had had had

diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes

since since since since since since since since

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2DIABS S3DIABS S4DIABS S5DIABS S6DIABS S7DIABS S8DIABS S9DIABS

S2DIABS:W2 S3DIABS:W3 S4DIABS:W4 S5DIABS:W5 S6DIABS:W6 S7DIABS:W7 S8DIABS:W8 S9DIABS:W9

S S S S S S S S

had had had had had had had had

diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes diabetes

since since since since since since since since

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2CANCRS R3CANCRS R4CANCRS R5CANCRS R6CANCRS R7CANCRS R8CANCRS R9CANCRS

R2CANCRS:W2 R3CANCRS:W3 R4CANCRS:W4 R5CANCRS:W5 R6CANCRS:W6 R7CANCRS:W7 R8CANCRS:W8 R9CANCRS:W9

R R R R R R R R

had had had had had had had had

cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer

since since since since since since since since

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7

S2CANCRS S3CANCRS S4CANCRS S5CANCRS S6CANCRS S7CANCRS

S2CANCRS:W2 S3CANCRS:W3 S4CANCRS:W4 S5CANCRS:W5 S6CANCRS:W6 S7CANCRS:W7

S S S S S S

had had had had had had

cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer cancer

since since since since since since

last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

502

8 9

S8CANCRS S9CANCRS

S8CANCRS:W8 S had cancer since last IW S9CANCRS:W9 S had cancer since last IW

Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2LUNGS R3LUNGS R4LUNGS R5LUNGS R6LUNGS R7LUNGS R8LUNGS R9LUNGS

R2LUNGS:W2 R3LUNGS:W3 R4LUNGS:W4 R5LUNGS:W5 R6LUNGS:W6 R7LUNGS:W7 R8LUNGS:W8 R9LUNGS:W9

R R R R R R R R

had had had had had had had had

lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung

dis dis dis dis dis dis dis dis

since since since since since since since since

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2LUNGS S3LUNGS S4LUNGS S5LUNGS S6LUNGS S7LUNGS S8LUNGS S9LUNGS

S2LUNGS:W2 S3LUNGS:W3 S4LUNGS:W4 S5LUNGS:W5 S6LUNGS:W6 S7LUNGS:W7 S8LUNGS:W8 S9LUNGS:W9

S S S S S S S S

had had had had had had had had

lung lung lung lung lung lung lung lung

dis dis dis dis dis dis dis dis

since since since since since since since since

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2HEARTS R3HEARTS R4HEARTS R5HEARTS R6HEARTS R7HEARTS R8HEARTS R9HEARTS

R2HEARTS:W2 R3HEARTS:W3 R4HEARTS:W4 R5HEARTS:W5 R6HEARTS:W6 R7HEARTS:W7 R8HEARTS:W8 R9HEARTS:W9

R R R R R R R R

had had had had had had had had

heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

snce snce snce snce snce snce snce snce

lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2HEARTS S3HEARTS S4HEARTS S5HEARTS S6HEARTS S7HEARTS S8HEARTS S9HEARTS

S2HEARTS:W2 S3HEARTS:W3 S4HEARTS:W4 S5HEARTS:W5 S6HEARTS:W6 S7HEARTS:W7 S8HEARTS:W8 S9HEARTS:W9

S S S S S S S S

had had had had had had had had

heart heart heart heart heart heart heart heart

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

snce snce snce snce snce snce snce snce

lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2STROKS R3STROKS R4STROKS R5STROKS R6STROKS R7STROKS R8STROKS R9STROKS

R2STROKS:W2 R3STROKS:W3 R4STROKS:W4 R5STROKS:W5 R6STROKS:W6 R7STROKS:W7 R8STROKS:W8 R9STROKS:W9

R R R R R R R R

had had had had had had had had

stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke

since since since since since since since since

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2STROKS S3STROKS S4STROKS S5STROKS S6STROKS S7STROKS S8STROKS S9STROKS

S2STROKS:W2 S3STROKS:W3 S4STROKS:W4 S5STROKS:W5 S6STROKS:W6 S7STROKS:W7 S8STROKS:W8 S9STROKS:W9

S S S S S S S S

had had had had had had had had

stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke stroke

since since since since since since since since

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

503

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2PSYCHS R3PSYCHS R4PSYCHS R5PSYCHS R6PSYCHS R7PSYCHS R8PSYCHS R9PSYCHS

R2PSYCHS:W2 R3PSYCHS:W3 R4PSYCHS:W4 R5PSYCHS:W5 R6PSYCHS:W6 R7PSYCHS:W7 R8PSYCHS:W8 R9PSYCHS:W9

R R R R R R R R

had had had had had had had had

psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

snce snce snce snce snce snce snce snce

lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2PSYCHS S3PSYCHS S4PSYCHS S5PSYCHS S6PSYCHS S7PSYCHS S8PSYCHS S9PSYCHS

S2PSYCHS:W2 S3PSYCHS:W3 S4PSYCHS:W4 S5PSYCHS:W5 S6PSYCHS:W6 S7PSYCHS:W7 S8PSYCHS:W8 S9PSYCHS:W9

S S S S S S S S

had had had had had had had had

psych psych psych psych psych psych psych psych

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

snce snce snce snce snce snce snce snce

lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2ARTHRS R3ARTHRS R4ARTHRS R5ARTHRS R6ARTHRS R7ARTHRS R8ARTHRS R9ARTHRS

R2ARTHRS:W2 R3ARTHRS:W3 R4ARTHRS:W4 R5ARTHRS:W5 R6ARTHRS:W6 R7ARTHRS:W7 R8ARTHRS:W8 R9ARTHRS:W9

R R R R R R R R

had had had had had had had had

arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis

snce snce snce snce snce snce snce snce

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2ARTHRS S3ARTHRS S4ARTHRS S5ARTHRS S6ARTHRS S7ARTHRS S8ARTHRS S9ARTHRS

S2ARTHRS:W2 S3ARTHRS:W3 S4ARTHRS:W4 S5ARTHRS:W5 S6ARTHRS:W6 S7ARTHRS:W7 S8ARTHRS:W8 S9ARTHRS:W9

S S S S S S S S

had had had had had had had had

arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis arthritis

snce snce snce snce snce snce snce snce

last last last last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2CONDS R3CONDS R4CONDS R5CONDS R6CONDS R7CONDS R8CONDS R9CONDS

R2CONDS:W2 R3CONDS:W3 R4CONDS:W4 R5CONDS:W5 R6CONDS:W6 R7CONDS:W7 R8CONDS:W8 R9CONDS:W9

Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum

of of of of of of of of

conditns conditns conditns conditns conditns conditns conditns conditns

since since since since since since since since

lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2CONDS S3CONDS S4CONDS S5CONDS S6CONDS S7CONDS S8CONDS S9CONDS

S2CONDS:W2 S3CONDS:W3 S4CONDS:W4 S5CONDS:W5 S6CONDS:W6 S7CONDS:W7 S8CONDS:W8 S9CONDS:W9

Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum

of of of of of of of of

conditns conditns conditns conditns conditns conditns conditns conditns

since since since since since since since since

lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW lastIW

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4

R2CONDSM R3CONDSM R4CONDSM

R2CONDSM:W2 # missings in sum cond since R3CONDSM:W3 # missings in sum cond since R4CONDSM:W4 # missings in sum cond since

Cont Cont Cont

Section B: Health

504

5 6 7 8 9

R5CONDSM R6CONDSM R7CONDSM R8CONDSM R9CONDSM

R5CONDSM:W5 R6CONDSM:W6 R7CONDSM:W7 R8CONDSM:W8 R9CONDSM:W9

# # # # #

missings missings missings missings missings

in in in in in

sum sum sum sum sum

cond cond cond cond cond

since since since since since

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2CONDSM S3CONDSM S4CONDSM S5CONDSM S6CONDSM S7CONDSM S8CONDSM S9CONDSM

S2CONDSM:W2 S3CONDSM:W3 S4CONDSM:W4 S5CONDSM:W5 S6CONDSM:W6 S7CONDSM:W7 S8CONDSM:W8 S9CONDSM:W9

# # # # # # # #

missings missings missings missings missings missings missings missings

in in in in in in in in

sum sum sum sum sum sum sum sum

cond cond cond cond cond cond cond cond

since since since since since since since since

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2CONDSF R3CONDSF R4CONDSF R5CONDSF R6CONDSF R7CONDSF R8CONDSF R9CONDSF

R2CONDSF:W2 R3CONDSF:W3 R4CONDSF:W4 R5CONDSF:W5 R6CONDSF:W6 R7CONDSF:W7 R8CONDSF:W8 R9CONDSF:W9

# # # # # # # #

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

from from from from from from from from

dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum

since since since since since since since since

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2CONDSF S3CONDSF S4CONDSF S5CONDSF S6CONDSF S7CONDSF S8CONDSF S9CONDSF

S2CONDSF:W2 S3CONDSF:W3 S4CONDSF:W4 S5CONDSF:W5 S6CONDSF:W6 S7CONDSF:W7 S8CONDSF:W8 S9CONDSF:W9

# # # # # # # #

chg chg chg chg chg chg chg chg

from from from from from from from from

dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum dispute/sum

since since since since since since since since

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2CONDSP R3CONDSP R4CONDSP R5CONDSP R6CONDSP R7CONDSP R8CONDSP R9CONDSP

R2CONDSP:W2 R3CONDSP:W3 R4CONDSP:W4 R5CONDSP:W5 R6CONDSP:W6 R7CONDSP:W7 R8CONDSP:W8 R9CONDSP:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv

IVW IVW IVW IVW IVW IVW IVW IVW

not not not not not not not not

Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2CONDSP S3CONDSP S4CONDSP S5CONDSP S6CONDSP S7CONDSP S8CONDSP S9CONDSP

S2CONDSP:W2 S3CONDSP:W3 S4CONDSP:W4 S5CONDSP:W5 S6CONDSP:W6 S7CONDSP:W7 S8CONDSP:W8 S9CONDSP:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv Prv

IVW IVW IVW IVW IVW IVW IVW IVW

not not not not not not not not

Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since Wv-1/since

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable R2HIBPS R3HIBPS

N 11419 17707

Mean 0.034 0.036

Std Dev 0.182 0.187

Minimum 0.000 0.000

Maximum 1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

505

R4HIBPS R5HIBPS R6HIBPS R7HIBPS R8HIBPS R9HIBPS

16273 19293 17911 16625 18222 17035

0.045 0.048 0.058 0.054 0.055 0.059

0.207 0.213 0.233 0.227 0.228 0.235

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2HIBPS S3HIBPS S4HIBPS S5HIBPS S6HIBPS S7HIBPS S8HIBPS S9HIBPS

8737 11669 10466 12475 11418 10474 11524 10492

0.034 0.033 0.045 0.049 0.057 0.053 0.056 0.058

0.181 0.179 0.207 0.216 0.232 0.223 0.231 0.233

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2DIABS R3DIABS R4DIABS R5DIABS R6DIABS R7DIABS R8DIABS R9DIABS

11418 17699 16269 19291 17915 16625 18223 17034

0.017 0.019 0.020 0.022 0.030 0.027 0.031 0.032

0.130 0.137 0.139 0.148 0.171 0.161 0.173 0.175

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2DIABS S3DIABS S4DIABS S5DIABS S6DIABS S7DIABS S8DIABS S9DIABS

8738 11666 10467 12474 11418 10471 11519 10489

0.015 0.018 0.018 0.023 0.031 0.027 0.031 0.031

0.123 0.135 0.134 0.150 0.172 0.161 0.173 0.174

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2CANCRS R3CANCRS R4CANCRS R5CANCRS R6CANCRS R7CANCRS R8CANCRS R9CANCRS

11415 17702 16265 19279 17905 16617 18212 17026

0.012 0.020 0.024 0.022 0.027 0.024 0.023 0.025

0.110 0.139 0.152 0.145 0.161 0.153 0.151 0.157

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2CANCRS S3CANCRS S4CANCRS S5CANCRS S6CANCRS S7CANCRS S8CANCRS S9CANCRS

8735 11663 10460 12468 11412 10467 11512 10484

0.012 0.020 0.024 0.021 0.026 0.024 0.023 0.025

0.111 0.141 0.153 0.143 0.161 0.154 0.150 0.156

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2LUNGS R3LUNGS R4LUNGS R5LUNGS R6LUNGS R7LUNGS R8LUNGS R9LUNGS

11420 17711 16281 19298 17917 16630 18223 17038

0.014 0.012 0.017 0.015 0.018 0.019 0.018 0.021

0.118 0.107 0.128 0.123 0.135 0.138 0.131 0.145

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2LUNGS S3LUNGS

8737 11669

0.013 0.010

0.113 0.102

0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

506

S4LUNGS S5LUNGS S6LUNGS S7LUNGS S8LUNGS S9LUNGS

10466 12474 11416 10472 11519 10491

0.014 0.015 0.015 0.018 0.016 0.019

0.118 0.120 0.121 0.134 0.124 0.138

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2HEARTS R3HEARTS R4HEARTS R5HEARTS R6HEARTS R7HEARTS R8HEARTS R9HEARTS

11422 17713 16279 19300 17919 16626 18223 17037

0.023 0.034 0.035 0.033 0.039 0.041 0.037 0.038

0.150 0.183 0.185 0.178 0.193 0.198 0.188 0.192

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2HEARTS S3HEARTS S4HEARTS S5HEARTS S6HEARTS S7HEARTS S8HEARTS S9HEARTS

8740 11673 10468 12476 11418 10471 11521 10491

0.023 0.032 0.035 0.030 0.035 0.037 0.034 0.037

0.148 0.175 0.183 0.170 0.183 0.189 0.180 0.188

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2STROKS R3STROKS R4STROKS R5STROKS R6STROKS R7STROKS R8STROKS R9STROKS

11422 17712 16281 19304 17921 16639 18237 17050

0.007 0.020 0.021 0.019 0.021 0.019 0.019 0.019

0.081 0.140 0.142 0.137 0.142 0.138 0.136 0.136

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2STROKS S3STROKS S4STROKS S5STROKS S6STROKS S7STROKS S8STROKS S9STROKS

8740 11670 10467 12478 11421 10477 11524 10496

0.005 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.016 0.014 0.015 0.014

0.073 0.125 0.124 0.123 0.127 0.119 0.123 0.119

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2PSYCHS R3PSYCHS R4PSYCHS R5PSYCHS R6PSYCHS R7PSYCHS R8PSYCHS R9PSYCHS

11420 17711 16281 19303 17924 16633 18226 17041

0.020 0.023 0.021 0.020 0.025 0.024 0.029 0.025

0.140 0.150 0.143 0.141 0.157 0.154 0.167 0.157

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2PSYCHS S3PSYCHS S4PSYCHS S5PSYCHS S6PSYCHS S7PSYCHS S8PSYCHS S9PSYCHS

8738 11671 10466 12477 11423 10476 11514 10487

0.018 0.019 0.016 0.018 0.021 0.020 0.026 0.021

0.132 0.137 0.125 0.132 0.143 0.141 0.158 0.145

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2ARTHRS R3ARTHRS

11418 17708

0.058 0.138

0.233 0.345

0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000

Section B: Health

507

R4ARTHRS R5ARTHRS R6ARTHRS R7ARTHRS R8ARTHRS R9ARTHRS

16279 19292 17905 16615 18228 17049

0.069 0.055 0.057 0.050 0.046 0.048

0.254 0.228 0.232 0.217 0.209 0.213

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2ARTHRS S3ARTHRS S4ARTHRS S5ARTHRS S6ARTHRS S7ARTHRS S8ARTHRS S9ARTHRS

8736 11667 10465 12468 11406 10459 11515 10493

0.058 0.115 0.066 0.055 0.060 0.052 0.048 0.051

0.233 0.319 0.249 0.229 0.237 0.223 0.213 0.219

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2CONDS R3CONDS R4CONDS R5CONDS R6CONDS R7CONDS R8CONDS R9CONDS

11423 17721 16292 19314 17938 16654 18259 17071

0.185 0.302 0.251 0.234 0.275 0.258 0.256 0.267

0.455 0.566 0.527 0.506 0.543 0.527 0.534 0.544

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 5.000 4.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S2CONDS S3CONDS S4CONDS S5CONDS S6CONDS S7CONDS S8CONDS S9CONDS

8740 11675 10474 12483 11429 10486 11535 10504

0.178 0.264 0.233 0.226 0.261 0.246 0.248 0.256

0.443 0.526 0.497 0.498 0.525 0.514 0.523 0.528

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 5.000 4.000 5.000 4.000 5.000 5.000 4.000

R2CONDSM R3CONDSM R4CONDSM R5CONDSM R6CONDSM R7CONDSM R8CONDSM R9CONDSM

11423 17721 16293 19314 17939 16657 18261 17074

0.003 0.006 0.008 0.008 0.011 0.015 0.016 0.017

0.059 0.119 0.149 0.136 0.170 0.200 0.193 0.200

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 7.000 8.000 7.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

S2CONDSM S3CONDSM S4CONDSM S5CONDSM S6CONDSM S7CONDSM S8CONDSM S9CONDSM

8740 11675 10474 12483 11430 10487 11536 10507

0.002 0.004 0.006 0.006 0.009 0.012 0.012 0.013

0.053 0.106 0.138 0.117 0.171 0.177 0.168 0.181

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 8.000 8.000 8.000 8.000

R2CONDSF R3CONDSF R4CONDSF R5CONDSF R6CONDSF R7CONDSF R8CONDSF R9CONDSF

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.043 0.180 0.108 0.112 0.088 0.086 0.081 0.068

0.220 0.451 0.349 0.350 0.304 0.308 0.301 0.274

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 3.000 3.000 4.000 3.000

S2CONDSF S3CONDSF

13088 11915

0.047 0.174

0.228 0.440

0.000 0.000

3.000 5.000

Section B: Health

508

S4CONDSF S5CONDSF S6CONDSF S7CONDSF S8CONDSF S9CONDSF

13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

0.100 0.104 0.084 0.077 0.072 0.060

0.334 0.337 0.297 0.291 0.279 0.253

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 4.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R2CONDSP R3CONDSP R4CONDSP R5CONDSP R6CONDSP R7CONDSP R8CONDSP R9CONDSP

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

3.766 0.155 2.173 0.155 0.173 1.591 0.141 0.127

4.440 1.101 3.822 1.063 1.052 3.396 0.992 0.882

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2CONDSP S3CONDSP S4CONDSP S5CONDSP S6CONDSP S7CONDSP S8CONDSP S9CONDSP

13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

2.990 0.202 2.282 0.201 0.211 1.756 0.184 0.155

4.239 1.269 3.890 1.255 1.231 3.538 1.188 1.054

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2HIBPS 4 8219

R3HIBPS 4 10 270

R4HIBPS 8 12 5091

R6HIBPS 9 19 228

15542 731

R5HIBPS 6 14 265 1 18374 919

11026 393

17063 644

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2HIBPS 3 4348

S3HIBPS 2 4 240

S4HIBPS 4 4 3504

5970 584 8441 296

5658 418 11284 385

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2DIABS 5

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2DIABS 2

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing |

R8HIBPS 19 20 208

16877 1034

R7HIBPS 13 18 3472 1 15723 902

S5HIBPS 2 6 247

S6HIBPS 3 9 211

S7HIBPS 3 10 2485

S8HIBPS 4 8 199

6869 537 9998 468

6538 311 11863 612

6306 220 10765 653

6777 380 9923 551

6417 317 10874 650

S9HIBPS 6 6 139 3 6206 365 9887 605

R3DIABS 8 12 270 2 17358 341

R4DIABS 7 17 5091

R5DIABS 3 17 265 3 18859 432

R6DIABS 4 19 228 1 17372 543

R7DIABS 13 18 3472 1 16182 443

R8DIABS 15 21 208 2 17659 564

R9DIABS 12 25 143 3 16496 538

4348

S3DIABS 4 5 240

S4DIABS 1 6 3504

S6DIABS 2 10 211

S7DIABS 5 11 2485

5970 584 8603 135

5658 418 11451 215

6869 537 10276 191

S5DIABS 1 7 247 1 6538 311 12187 287

6306 220 11068 350

6777 380 10191 280

S8DIABS 6 10 199 1 6417 317 11163 356

S9DIABS 5 12 139 1 6206 365 10161 328

8219 11222 196

15949 320

17219 1003

R9HIBPS 15 20 143 4 16033 1002

R2CANCRS R3CANCRS R4CANCRS R5CANCRS R6CANCRS R7CANCRS R8CANCRS R9CANCRS 6 7 10 8 5 12 12 8 9 17 23 28 26 35 37

Section B: Health

.P=No prev IW .R=RF 0.no 1.yes

509

| | | |

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

8219 2 11275 140

270 3 17352 350

5091 1 15881 384

265 4 18864 415

228 1 17426 479

3472 2 16219 398

208 2 17785 427

143 3 16597 429

S2CANCRS S3CANCRS S4CANCRS S5CANCRS S6CANCRS S7CANCRS S8CANCRS S9CANCRS 3 6 3 2 4 6 6 5 5 10 12 13 14 17 16 4348 240 3504 247 211 2485 199 139 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 8627 11428 10210 12206 11110 10213 11247 10224 108 235 250 262 302 254 265 260

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2LUNGS 2

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2LUNGS 2

8219 1 11260 160

4348 1 5970 584 8624 113

R3LUNGS 1 7 270 2 17507 204

R4LUNGS 4 8 5091

S3LUNGS 1 5 240

S4LUNGS 2 6 3504

5658 418 11547 122

6869 537 10317 149

16009 272

R5LUNGS 6 7 265 3 19003 295

R6LUNGS 8 13 228 1 17586 331

R7LUNGS 7 18 3472 2 16306 324

R8LUNGS 17 19 208 2 17904 319

R9LUNGS 6 27 143 3 16672 366

S5LUNGS 2 6 247 1 6538 311 12292 182

S6LUNGS 4 9 211 1 6306 220 11245 171

S7LUNGS 2 13 2485

S8LUNGS 7 9 199 1 6417 317 11339 180

S9LUNGS 4 10 139 2 6206 365 10288 203

6777 380 10281 191

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2HEARTS R3HEARTS R4HEARTS R5HEARTS R6HEARTS R7HEARTS R8HEARTS R9HEARTS 1 1 7 2 9 13 12 7 6 7 10 10 17 24 27 8219 270 5091 265 228 3472 208 143 1 2 1 1 2 3 11160 17102 15704 18667 17227 15946 17551 16382 262 611 575 633 692 680 672 655

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2HEARTS S3HEARTS S4HEARTS S5HEARTS S6HEARTS S7HEARTS S8HEARTS S9HEARTS 3 1 4 6 3 4 2 3 5 7 10 11 10 4348 240 3504 247 211 2485 199 139 1 1 1 2 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 8543 11302 10106 12106 11020 10082 11134 10104 197 371 362 370 398 389 387 387

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2STROKS R3STROKS R4STROKS R5STROKS R6STROKS R7STROKS R8STROKS R9STROKS 1 3 5 1 8 5 11 6 4 7 5 9 12 11 15 8219 270 5091 265 228 3472 208 143 2 4 1 1 2 3 11346 17359 15945 18936 17550 16318 17892 16730 76 353 336 368 371 321 345 320

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2STROKS S3STROKS S4STROKS S5STROKS S6STROKS S7STROKS S8STROKS S9STROKS 2 2 1 2 2 5 2 3 5 3 6 8 6 7 4348 240 3504 247 211 2485 199 139 1 1 1 2 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 8693 11486 10304 12287 11235 10327 11347 10346 47 184 163 191 186 150 177 150

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA |

R2PSYCHS R3PSYCHS R4PSYCHS R5PSYCHS R6PSYCHS R7PSYCHS R8PSYCHS R9PSYCHS 3 5 4 4 9 11 7

Section B: Health

.M=Oth missing .P=No prev IW .R=RF 0.no 1.yes

510

| | | | |

8219 3 11191 229

6 270 1 17303 408

7 5091 15939 342

6 265 1 18912 391

9 228 2 17469 455

13 3472 2 16230 403

21 208 3 17704 522

23 143 3 16612 429

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2PSYCHS S3PSYCHS S4PSYCHS S5PSYCHS S6PSYCHS S7PSYCHS S8PSYCHS S9PSYCHS 4 2 1 4 7 4 4 4 4 5 6 13 14 4348 240 3504 247 211 2485 199 139 2 1 1 2 2 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 8583 11449 10301 12257 11183 10263 11220 10263 155 222 165 220 240 213 294 224

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2ARTHRS R3ARTHRS R4ARTHRS R5ARTHRS R6ARTHRS R7ARTHRS R8ARTHRS R9ARTHRS 5 2 7 8 13 12 4 7 10 7 11 20 29 28 14 8219 270 5091 265 228 3472 208 143 1 3 1 1 1 4 10758 15264 15152 18228 16883 15788 17397 16234 660 2444 1127 1064 1022 827 831 815

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S2ARTHRS S3ARTHRS S4ARTHRS S5ARTHRS S6ARTHRS S7ARTHRS S8ARTHRS S9ARTHRS 4 2 3 6 8 8 1 4 6 6 8 15 20 20 8 4348 240 3504 247 211 2485 199 139 1 1 2 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 8232 10324 9770 11777 10725 9912 10965 9961 504 1343 695 691 681 547 550 532

Value-------------------------| 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 7.Used IW-8 | 9.Missing |

R2CONDSP R3CONDSP R4CONDSP R5CONDSP R6CONDSP R7CONDSP R8CONDSP R9CONDSP 11423 17354 15761 18859 17226 16204 17823 16493 367 413 298 485 276 255 405 119 114 120 87 114 92 43 71 47 39 52 37 27 17 16 16 9 5 4 6 5 8219 270 5091 265 228 3472 208 143

Value-------------------------| .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 7.Used IW-8 | 9.Missing |

S2CONDSP S3CONDSP S4CONDSP S5CONDSP S6CONDSP S7CONDSP S8CONDSP S9CONDSP 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 584 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 8740 11433 10178 12239 11043 10260 11318 10234 242 229 164 279 133 121 201 67 62 55 43 64 41 18 38 22 21 17 15 16 8 8 13 5 4 1 4348 240 3504 247 211 2485 199 139

How Constructed: The change in health measures were chosen for their consistency across waves. They include measures of overall health, functional limitation summaries, doctor-diagnosed health conditions, and assessment of mortality measures. They are calculated as the current wave less the previous interview measures. If R missed an interview due to non-response, the change is between the current and the last interview that R did respond to. A flag for each change variable indicates how many interviews were missed prior to the current.

Section B: Health

511

For further discussion of the Change in Health variables see the section titled "Health Change" earlier in this document. RwHIBPS, RwDIABS, RwCANCRS, RwLUNGS, RwHEARTS, RwSTROKS, RwPSYCHS, and RwARTHRS indicate if the respondent has reported the onset of a condition since the last interview to which he/she responded. They are set to yes only if the condition is new since last interview, that is, the respondent reported not having the condition at the last interview but says he/she has it now. RwCONDS is the count of the new individual conditions. RwCONDSM counts the number of missing values among the individual conditions, and RwCONDSF counts the number of values that were changed due to disputes. RwCONDSP tells which prior interview was used. SwHIBPS, SwDIABS, SwCANCRS, SwLUNGS, SwHEARTS, SwSTROKS, SwPSYCHS, SwARTHRS, SwCONDS, SwCONDSP, SwCONDSM, and SwCONDSF are this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. Not all individuals respond to every interview. Respondents may miss one or more interviews between those they complete. RwCONDSP indicates if there are any missed interviews prior to the current, and if so, how many. In other words, it indicates how far back the previous interview is, from which the change is measured. Its codes are: 0) did not miss the previous interview; change = current - [current-1]; 1) missed the previous interview, but only one; change = current - [current2]; 2) missed the two previous interviews; change = current - [current-3]; 3) missed the three previous interviews; change = current - [current-4]; 4) missed the four previous interviews; change = current - [current-5]; 4) missed the five previous interviews; change = current - [current-6]; 9) either the current or previous interview measure is missing, so change is missing. Please see the section on "Doctor-diagnosed Conditions" earlier in this section for a description of related "ever had" variables, the raw HRS variables, and cross-wave differences. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3CONDS is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3CONDS.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Please see the documentation of the variables used to derive these change-in-health variables for a description of cross-wave differences in the raw HRS data.

Section B: Health

512

Change in Health: Memory-related disease Wave Variable

Label

Type

5 6 7 8 9

R5MEMRYS R6MEMRYS R7MEMRYS R8MEMRYS R9MEMRYS

R5MEMRYS:W5 R6MEMRYS:W6 R7MEMRYS:W7 R8MEMRYS:W8 R9MEMRYS:W9

R R R R R

had had had had had

memory memory memory memory memory

prob prob prob prob prob

snce snce snce snce snce

last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

5 6 7 8 9

S5MEMRYS S6MEMRYS S7MEMRYS S8MEMRYS S9MEMRYS

S5MEMRYS:W5 S6MEMRYS:W6 S7MEMRYS:W7 S8MEMRYS:W8 S9MEMRYS:W9

S S S S S

had had had had had

memory memory memory memory memory

prob prob prob prob prob

snce snce snce snce snce

last last last last last

IW IW IW IW IW

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R5MEMRYS R6MEMRYS R7MEMRYS R8MEMRYS R9MEMRYS

18845 17694 16552 18211 13107

0.017 0.019 0.023 0.019 0.061

0.131 0.137 0.149 0.135 0.239

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S5MEMRYS S6MEMRYS S7MEMRYS S8MEMRYS S9MEMRYS

12231 11316 10432 11516 7804

0.012 0.012 0.015 0.014 0.041

0.107 0.108 0.120 0.117 0.199

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R5MEMRYS R6MEMRYS R7MEMRYS R8MEMRYS R9MEMRYS 6 11 13 14 12 1 4 728 461 3563 239 4092 1 1 4 2 18518 17356 16177 17873 12309 327 338 375 338 798

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .P=No prev IW | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S5MEMRYS S6MEMRYS S7MEMRYS S8MEMRYS S9MEMRYS 5 3 4 6 3 2 494 321 2536 211 2836 1 2 1 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 311 220 380 317 365 12088 11182 10279 11357 7482 143 134 153 159 322

General Comments: Questions about probability of living to a given age vary between the Ahead and Hrs entry cohorts in Waves 2 and 3, due to the difference in the age of the respondents. Thus Ahead respondents are not asked about living to age 75, since most of them are close to or past that age at the first interview. So for the Ahead entry cohort in Waves 2A and 3A, RwLIV75 and related variables (RwLIV75R, RwLIV75C, and RwLIV75F) are set to .Q to indicate that the information is not available.

Section B: Health

513

If an Ahead respondent is 75 or younger, RwLIV75P is set for them; if older than 75, RwLIV75P is set to 100. In Waves 1, 2H, 3H, and 4 questions ask the respondent the probability of living to age 85. In Wave 4, few of the Ahead respondents are young enough to be asked this question. To accommodate older respondents, in Waves 2A, 3A, and from Wave 5 forward the question does not always ask the probability of living to age 85, but asks the probability of living to an age from 80 to 100, depending on the respondent's age. From Wave 5 on, the wording depends on the respondent's age at the interview. In Waves 2A and 3A, the wording depends on birth year and is the same in both waves, even though respondents are usually two years older in Wave 3A. So the age used to determine question wording, in these waves, is age in 1993. These two different versions of the variables are named differently to alert the user to the inconsistencies in the questions. The Wave 1, 2H, 3H, and 4 variables are named RwLIV85, RwLIV85P, and RwLIV85R, while the Wave 2A, 3A, and from Wave 5 forward variables are named RwLIV10 (for 10 or so more years), RwLIV10P, and RwLIV10R. Changes in these probabilities from those given in a previous wave are used to measure change in health status in variables RwLIV75C, RwLIV85C, and R2LIV8XC. If the change uses requires the use of RwLIV10R in the current or previous wave, then it is assigned to RwLIV8XC. If it uses RwLIV85R in both waves, it is assigned to RwLIV85C. For Ahead respondents in Waves 2 and 3 (2A and 3A), RwLIV85, RwLIV85P, RwLIV85R, RwLIV85C, and RwLIV85F are set to .Q to indicate that this information is unavailable for this cohort in these waves. In addition R4LIV85C and R4LIV85F are set to .Q for these cases, since the information is not available from a prior wave. For HRS respondents in Waves 2 and 3 (2H and 3H), RwLIV10, RwLIV10P, RwLIV10R, RwLIV8XC, and RwLIV8XF are set to .Q to indicate that these are inapplicable or unavailable for this cohort in these waves. In addition R4LIV8XC and R4LIV8XF are set to .Q for these cases, since the prior wave information is completely based on RwLIV85 information.

How Constructed: The change in health measures were chosen for their consistency across waves. They include measures of overall health, functional limitation summaries, doctor-diagnosed health conditions, and assessment of mortality measures. They are calculated as the current wave less the previous interview measures. If R missed an interview due to non-response, the change is between the current and the last interview that R did respond to. A flag for each change variable indicates how many interviews were missed prior to the current. For further discussion of the Change in Health variables see the section titled "Health Change" earlier in this document. RwMEMRYS indicates if the respondent has reported the onset of a memory-related disease since the last interview to which he/she responded. It is set to yes only if the condition is new since last interview, that is, the respondent reported not having the condition at the last interview but says he/she has it now. RwMEMRYS is included with the Change in Health variables along with those for other doctordiagnosed health conditions but is NOT included in the sum of those, i.e., RwCONDS. The question about memory-related disease is first asked in Wave 4, so RwMEMRYS begins in Wave 5. SwMEMRYS is this information for R’s spouse. It is taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S5MEMRYS is taken from the Wave 5 spouse's R5MEMRYS. Please see the section on "Doctor-diagnosed Conditions: Memory-related disease" earlier in this section for a description of related "ever had" variables, the raw HRS variables, and cross-wave differences.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data

Section B: Health

514

Please see the documentation of the variables used to derive this change-in-health variable for a description of cross-wave differences in the raw HRS data.

Section B: Health

515

Change in Health: Self-reported Mortality Expectations Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2LIV75C R3LIV75C R4LIV75C R5LIV75C R6LIV75C R7LIV75C R8LIV75C R9LIV75C

R2LIV75C:W2 R3LIV75C:W3 R4LIV75C:W4 R5LIV75C:W5 R6LIV75C:W6 R7LIV75C:W7 R8LIV75C:W8 R9LIV75C:W9

Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg

live live live live live live live live

75+: 75+: 75+: 75+: 75+: 75+: 75+: 75+:

R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab

ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIV75C S3LIV75C S4LIV75C S5LIV75C S6LIV75C S7LIV75C S8LIV75C S9LIV75C

S2LIV75C:W2 S3LIV75C:W3 S4LIV75C:W4 S5LIV75C:W5 S6LIV75C:W6 S7LIV75C:W7 S8LIV75C:W8 S9LIV75C:W9

Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg

live live live live live live live live

75+: 75+: 75+: 75+: 75+: 75+: 75+: 75+:

R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab

ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4

R2LIV85C R3LIV85C R4LIV85C

R2LIV85C:W2 Chg live 85+: R/LfTab ratio R3LIV85C:W3 Chg live 85+: R/LfTab ratio R4LIV85C:W4 Chg live 85+: R/LfTab ratio

Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4

S2LIV85C S3LIV85C S4LIV85C

S2LIV85C:W2 Chg live 85+: R/LfTab ratio S3LIV85C:W3 Chg live 85+: R/LfTab ratio S4LIV85C:W4 Chg live 85+: R/LfTab ratio

Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2LIV8XC R3LIV8XC R4LIV8XC R5LIV8XC R6LIV8XC R7LIV8XC R8LIV8XC R9LIV8XC

R2LIV8XC:W2 R3LIV8XC:W3 R4LIV8XC:W4 R5LIV8XC:W5 R6LIV8XC:W6 R7LIV8XC:W7 R8LIV8XC:W8 R9LIV8XC:W9

Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg

live live live live live live live live

80-100: 80-100: 80-100: 80-100: 80-100: 80-100: 80-100: 80-100:

R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab

ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIV8XC S3LIV8XC S4LIV8XC S5LIV8XC S6LIV8XC S7LIV8XC S8LIV8XC S9LIV8XC

S2LIV8XC:W2 S3LIV8XC:W3 S4LIV8XC:W4 S5LIV8XC:W5 S6LIV8XC:W6 S7LIV8XC:W7 S8LIV8XC:W8 S9LIV8XC:W9

Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg Chg

live live live live live live live live

80-100: 80-100: 80-100: 80-100: 80-100: 80-100: 80-100: 80-100:

R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab R/LfTab

ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio ratio

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R2LIV75F R3LIV75F R4LIV75F R5LIV75F R6LIV75F R7LIV75F R8LIV75F

R2LIV75F:W2 R3LIV75F:W3 R4LIV75F:W4 R5LIV75F:W5 R6LIV75F:W6 R7LIV75F:W7 R8LIV75F:W8

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C,

# # # # # # #

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

iw iw iw iw iw iw iw

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section B: Health

516

9

R9LIV75F

R9LIV75F:W9 Flag LIV75C, # prv iw

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIV75F S3LIV75F S4LIV75F S5LIV75F S6LIV75F S7LIV75F S8LIV75F S9LIV75F

S2LIV75F:W2 S3LIV75F:W3 S4LIV75F:W4 S5LIV75F:W5 S6LIV75F:W6 S7LIV75F:W7 S8LIV75F:W8 S9LIV75F:W9

iw iw iw iw iw iw iw iw

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4

R2LIV85F R3LIV85F R4LIV85F

R2LIV85F:W2 Flag LIV85C, # prv iw R3LIV85F:W3 Flag LIV85C, # prv iw R4LIV85F:W4 Flag LIV85C, # prv iw

Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4

S2LIV85F S3LIV85F S4LIV85F

S2LIV85F:W2 Flag LIV85C, # prv iw S3LIV85F:W3 Flag LIV85C, # prv iw S4LIV85F:W4 Flag LIV85C, # prv iw

Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2LIV8XF R3LIV8XF R4LIV8XF R5LIV8XF R6LIV8XF R7LIV8XF R8LIV8XF R9LIV8XF

R2LIV8XF:W2 R3LIV8XF:W3 R4LIV8XF:W4 R5LIV8XF:W5 R6LIV8XF:W6 R7LIV8XF:W7 R8LIV8XF:W8 R9LIV8XF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC,

# # # # # # # #

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

iw iw iw iw iw iw iw iw

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIV8XF S3LIV8XF S4LIV8XF S5LIV8XF S6LIV8XF S7LIV8XF S8LIV8XF S9LIV8XF

S2LIV8XF:W2 S3LIV8XF:W3 S4LIV8XF:W4 S5LIV8XF:W5 S6LIV8XF:W6 S7LIV8XF:W7 S8LIV8XF:W8 S9LIV8XF:W9

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC, LIV8XC,

# # # # # # # #

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

iw iw iw iw iw iw iw iw

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag Flag

LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C, LIV75C,

# # # # # # # #

prv prv prv prv prv prv prv prv

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2LIV75C R3LIV75C R4LIV75C R5LIV75C R6LIV75C R7LIV75C R8LIV75C R9LIV75C

9483 8252 6679 7594 6337 5291 5979 4968

-0.037 -0.006 -0.034 -0.013 -0.036 -0.038 -0.033 0.021

0.410 0.405 0.390 0.361 0.344 0.338 0.360 0.356

-1.703 -1.669 -1.615 -1.562 -1.534 -1.565 -1.517 -1.579

1.657 1.631 1.619 1.505 1.501 1.523 1.477 1.619

S2LIV75C S3LIV75C S4LIV75C S5LIV75C S6LIV75C S7LIV75C S8LIV75C S9LIV75C

7151 6074 4898 5650 4700 3889 4363 3539

-0.038 0.002 -0.041 -0.011 -0.037 -0.038 -0.029 0.016

0.401 0.397 0.379 0.358 0.335 0.331 0.346 0.348

-1.703 -1.657 -1.606 -1.562 -1.534 -1.565 -1.517 -1.579

1.657 1.631 1.547 1.505 1.501 1.523 1.477 1.619

Section B: Health

517

R2LIV85C R3LIV85C R4LIV85C

9886 8981 6564

-0.070 0.023 -0.080

0.863 0.828 0.777

-3.848 -3.736 -3.567

3.736 3.567 3.352

S2LIV85C S3LIV85C S4LIV85C

7545 6773 4826

-0.078 0.027 -0.097

0.856 0.823 0.776

-3.848 -3.736 -3.567

3.736 3.567 3.352

R2LIV8XC R3LIV8XC R4LIV8XC R5LIV8XC R6LIV8XC R7LIV8XC R8LIV8XC R9LIV8XC

89 4728 50 8202 13089 12570 14315 13345

0.186 0.043 -0.028 -0.241 -0.006 0.018 0.127 0.156

1.287 2.576 0.638 0.755 1.444 1.322 1.274 1.469

-1.612 -31.779 -1.545 -3.804 -31.557 -19.891 -15.494 -23.476

7.625 37.789 1.266 14.256 21.879 20.377 23.274 23.482

S2LIV8XC S3LIV8XC S4LIV8XC S5LIV8XC S6LIV8XC S7LIV8XC S8LIV8XC S9LIV8XC

86 2641 38 6069 8742 8271 9392 8600

0.192 -0.004 -0.058 -0.245 -0.001 -0.004 0.134 0.130

1.301 2.420 0.672 0.743 1.233 1.126 1.102 1.367

-1.612 -31.779 -1.545 -3.804 -31.557 -19.835 -9.680 -23.476

7.625 37.319 1.239 13.100 18.105 20.377 23.274 21.853

R2LIV75F R3LIV75F R4LIV75F R5LIV75F R6LIV75F R7LIV75F R8LIV75F R9LIV75F

11420 10964 15433 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.527 2.247 5.121 5.519 5.881 6.645 6.093 6.412

3.378 3.874 4.444 4.375 4.267 3.947 4.203 4.066

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2LIV75F S3LIV75F S4LIV75F S5LIV75F S6LIV75F S7LIV75F S8LIV75F S9LIV75F

8739 8306 11178 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

1.635 2.435 5.069 5.013 5.385 6.312 5.661 6.015

3.471 3.982 4.453 4.465 4.398 4.111 4.342 4.232

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2LIV85F R3LIV85F R4LIV85F

11420 10964 15433

1.209 1.649 5.188

3.069 3.457 4.434

0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000

S2LIV85F S3LIV85F S4LIV85F

8739 8306 11178

1.230 1.679 5.127

3.091 3.486 4.446

0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000

R2LIV8XF R3LIV8XF R4LIV8XF R5LIV8XF R6LIV8XF R7LIV8XF R8LIV8XF R9LIV8XF

8222 7027 5951 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

8.903 2.945 8.925 5.247 2.545 3.402 2.044 2.052

0.931 4.223 0.818 4.424 4.028 4.347 3.753 3.751

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2LIV8XF S3LIV8XF

4349 3609

8.822 2.414

1.253 3.988

0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000

Section B: Health

S4LIV8XF S5LIV8XF S6LIV8XF S7LIV8XF S8LIV8XF S9LIV8XF

2800 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

518

8.879 4.723 2.267 3.281 1.811 1.749

1.036 4.484 3.884 4.318 3.595 3.542

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .Q=Not applicable this wv | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 9.Missing |

R2LIV75F R3LIV75F R4LIV75F R5LIV75F R6LIV75F R7LIV75F R8LIV75F R9LIV75F 8222 7027 5951 9483 8024 6496 7462 6096 5163 5899 4837 228 120 82 172 79 48 118 63 33 30 22 23 10 17 23 14 6 2 16 7 1 6 1 1 1 1937 2712 8754 11985 11830 14838 12490 12249

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not applicable this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 9.Missing |

S2LIV75F S3LIV75F S4LIV75F S5LIV75F S6LIV75F S7LIV75F S8LIV75F S9LIV75F 4549 3704 2800 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 384 323 537 311 220 380 317 365 7151 5937 4790 5583 4554 3821 4312 3478 137 73 43 107 37 30 54 35 19 18 13 16 6 5 13 7 4 8 6 5 1 1 1588 2232 6280 7080 6941 9083 7372 7107

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not applicable this wv | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 9.Missing |

R2LIV85F R3LIV85F R4LIV85F 8222 7027 8436 9886 8745 6384 236 122 58 1534 1983 8869

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not applicable this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 9.Missing |

S2LIV85F S3LIV85F S4LIV85F 4549 3704 2800 5970 5658 6869 384 323 537 7545 6628 4720 145 75 31 1194 1533 6352

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not applicable this wv | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 | 4.Used IW-5 | 5.Used IW-6 | 6.Used IW-7 | 7.Used IW-8 | 9.Missing |

R2LIV8XF R3LIV8XF R4LIV8XF R5LIV8XF R6LIV8XF R7LIV8XF R8LIV8XF R9LIV8XF 11420 10964 22112 89 4727 48 7975 12759 12306 14086 13024 1 2 141 210 170 139 229 62 64 38 67 48 24 36 29 10 31 20 18 7 5 9 4 3 2 3 2 8133 2299 5901 11377 5078 7559 4154 3872

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not applicable this wv | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.Used IW-1 | 1.Used IW-2 | 2.Used IW-3 | 3.Used IW-4 |

S2LIV8XF S3LIV8XF S4LIV8XF S5LIV8XF S6LIV8XF S7LIV8XF S8LIV8XF S9LIV8XF 9123 8629 11178 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 200 95 537 311 220 380 317 365 86 2640 36 5949 8550 8137 9283 8452 1 2 75 128 80 66 114 36 34 20 35 20 9 21 13 6 7

Section B: Health

4.Used IW-5 5.Used IW-6 6.Used IW-7 7.Used IW-8 9.Missing

519

| | | | |

9

13 8

3 3 2

4263

968

2762

6661

2899

4701

2343

1 2046

How Constructed: The change in health measures were chosen for their consistency across waves. They include measures of overall health, functional limitation summaries, doctor-diagnosed health conditions, and assessment of mortality measures. They are calculated as the current wave less the previous interview measures. If R missed an interview due to non-response, the change is between the current and the last interview that R did respond to. A flag for each change variable indicates how many interviews were missed prior to the current. For further discussion of the Change in Health variables see the section titled "Health Change" in the introductory section of this document. RwLIV75C, RwLIV85C, and RwLIV8XC measure changes in the respondent's self-reported probability of living to age 75, 85, and an age from 80 to 100, respectively, relative to the probabilities implied by Vital Statistics life tables. At all waves except Waves 2A and 3A, questions ask the respondent the probability of living to age 75. In Waves 1, 2H, 3H, and 4, questions also ask the respondent the probability of living to age 85. For Wave 2A, 3A and from Waave 5 forward the question asks the self-reported probability of living about another 10 years, and the name of the variables (RwLIV10) reflects this change. For respondent's who are under 70 years old at the particular wave, RwLIV10 is the self-reported probability of living to age 80; for those 70 to 74, it is the probability of living to age 85; and so on. In Wave 8, the target age for those under 65 years old is 85. Based on the respondent's age and gender, a standard probability of living to 75 and 85, or, in Waves 2A, 3A, and from Wave 5 on, the target age in the question, is derived from the Vital Statistics life tables. RwLIV75R, RwLIV85R (for waves 1, 2H, 3H, and 4) and RwLIV10R (for Waves 2A, 3A, and 5) are the ratios between the self-reported and standard probability, and are derived as the self-report divided by the standard. The change variables are RwLIV75C, RwLIV85C, and RwLIV8XC. RwLIV85C is used when the change is measured between two RwLIV85R variables, and RwLIV8XC is used when the change measure uses any RwLIV10R variable in its derivation. The variables are derived as: RwLIV75C = RwLIV75R - RpLIV75R RwLIV85C = RwLIV85R - RpLIV85R, when both w and p are Wave 1, 2H, 3H, or 4 RwLIV8XC = RwLIV10R - RpLIV85R, when w is Wave 2A, 3A, or 5 and p is Wave 1, 2H, 3H, or 4 RwLIV8XC = RwLIV10R - RpLIV10R, when both w and p are Wave 2A, 3A or 5 RwLIV8XC = RwLIV85R - RpLIV10R, when w is Wave 4 and p is Wave 2A or 3A where 'w' means current wave and 'p' means the previous interview. For example, if an individual responded to Waves 2H and 3H, R3LIV75C = R3LIV75R - R2LIV75R. Because of the wording difference in Waves 2A, 3A, and 5, the change measure RwLIV8XC is not very consistent and perhaps not useful. Not all individuals respond to every interview. Respondents may miss one or more interviews between those they complete. RwLIV75F, RwLIV85F, and RwLIV8XF indicate if there are any missed interviews prior to the current, and if so, how many. In other words, they indicate how far back the previous interview is, from which the change is measured. Their codes are: 0) did not miss the previous interview; change = current - [current-1]; 1) missed the previous interview, but only one; change = current - [current-2]; 2) missed the two previous interviews; change = current - [current3]; 3) missed the three previous interviews; change = current - [current-4]; 4) missed the four previous interviews; change = current - [current-5]; 5) missed the five previous interviews; change

Section B: Health

520

= current - [current-6]; 9) either the current or previous interview measure is missing, so change is missing. For Ahead entry cohort respondents in Waves 2 and 3 (2A and 3A), RwLIV75C, RwLIV75F, RwLIV85C, and RwLIV85F are set to .Q to indicate that the information is not available for these respondents. R4LIV75C, R4LIV75F, R4LIV85C, and R4LIV85F are also set to .Q, since there is no prior wave RwLIV85R available to derive these in Wave 4. For HRS entry cohort respondents in to indicate that the information is are also set to .Q, since for these RwLIV85C and RwLIV85F variables are

Waves 2 and 3 (2H and 3H), RwLIV8XC and RwLIV8XF are set to .Q not applicable for these respondents. R4LIV8XC and R4LIV8XF respondents no prior wave RwLIV10R variable is available. available instead.

SwLIV75C, SwLIV85C, SwLIV75F, SwLIV85F, and SwLIV8XF are this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-reported information, e.g., S3LIV75C is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3LIV75C. Please see the section on "Self-reported probability of living to age 75" and "Self-reported probability of living to age 85" in section I, "Retirement Plans, Expectations" for a description of the variables from which this change variable is derived.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Please see the documentation of the variables used to derive these change-in-health variables for a description of cross-wave differences in the raw HRS data.

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

521

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

522

Net value of real estate (not primary residence) Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ARLES H2ARLES H3ARLES H4ARLES H5ARLES H6ARLES H7ARLES H8ARLES H9ARLES

H1ARLES:W1 H2ARLES:W2 H3ARLES:W3 H4ARLES:W4 H5ARLES:W5 H6ARLES:W6 H7ARLES:W7 H8ARLES:W8 H9ARLES:W9

Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFRLES H2AFRLES H3AFRLES H4AFRLES H5AFRLES H6AFRLES H7AFRLES H8AFRLES H9AFRLES

H1AFRLES:W1 H2AFRLES:W2 H3AFRLES:W3 H4AFRLES:W4 H5AFRLES:W5 H6AFRLES:W6 H7AFRLES:W7 H8AFRLES:W8 H9AFRLES:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Real Real Real Real Real Real Real Real Real

Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other

estate estate estate estate estate estate estate estate estate

Real Real Real Real Real Real Real Real Real

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

estate estate estate estate estate estate estate estate estate

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1ARLES H2ARLES H3ARLES H4ARLES H5ARLES H6ARLES H7ARLES H8ARLES H9ARLES

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

33543.896 32601.640 36487.214 35132.489 39427.206 43354.900 40870.865 60901.552 50657.687

156283.468 153131.174 179343.738 212739.250 302368.728 528899.484 296829.637 755054.427 396526.613

-20000.000 -1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4500000.000 5000000.000 6000000.000 10000000.000 20000000.000 40000000.000 15000000.000 50000000.000 15000000.000

H1AFRLES H2AFRLES H3AFRLES H4AFRLES H5AFRLES H6AFRLES H7AFRLES H8AFRLES H9AFRLES

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

4.904 4.949 5.014 5.191 5.181 5.259 5.318 5.333 5.395

2.050 2.050 1.990 1.858 1.857 1.768 1.718 1.696 1.638

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFRLES H2AFRLES H3AFRLES H4AFRLES H5AFRLES H6AFRLES H7AFRLES H8AFRLES H9AFRLES 1.continuous value | 2352 3521 3086 2989 2796 2393 2414 2175 1842 2.complete bracket | 464 865 551 659 548 367 428 360 325 3.incomplete bracket | 39 48 157 71 61 37 47 40 36 4.range card bracket | 186 5.no value/bracket | 98 148 122 187 172 180 194 172 147 6.no asset | 9361 14704 13840 17140 15761 15013 16826 15557 14669 7.DK ownership | 57 179 109 167 117 132 131 100 123

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp

|

523

95

177

126

171

124

45

89

65

75

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed net value of real estate is assigned to RwARLES. The RwAFRLES variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The net value of real estate, besides the primary residence, is asked at each wave. The question wording is the same at all waves, but the unfolding brackets questions vary. Two questions reveal whether the respondent owns any real estate and if so, the value of it: a) Do you [or your spouse/partner] have any real estate other than your main home (and your second home),such as land, rental real estate, a partnership, or money owed to you on a land contract or mortgage? b) If you sold all that and paid off any debts on it, how much would you get? If the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts and entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, range card brackets may be coded instead of unfolding brackets.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15201 V15202 V5201 V5202 V5203 AHEAD 1993: B1720 B1721 B1721C HRS 1994: W15500 W15501 W5500 W5501 W5502 AHEAD 1995: D3964 D3965 D3969B HRS 1996: E4070 E4071 E4072B HRS 1998:

M2:OTHER REAL ESTATE:IND M3:$VAL OF THIS PROP:IND M2:OTHER REAL ESTATE:IMP M3:$VAL OF THIS PROP:IMP M3: ORIGINAL BRACKETS K2. REAL ESTATE: ANY K3. REAL ESTATE: NET VALUE CATEG: K3. REAL ESTATE: NET VALUE K2. Imputation Indicator K3. Imputation Indicator K2.REAL ESTATE K3.VALUE OF REAL ESTATE K3a-K3d. Brackets J14.REAL ESTATE J15.REAL ESTATE $ J15.REAL ESTATE $/Bkt J76.REAL ESTATE J77.REAL ESTATE $ J77.REAL ESTATE $/Bkt

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

F4830 F4831 F4832B 2000: G5275 G5276 G5277 G5278 G5279 G5280 G5281 G5282 2002: HQ133 HQ134 HQ135 HQ136 HQ137 2004: JQ133 JQ134 JQ135 JQ136 JQ137 2006: KQ133 KQ134 KQ135 KQ136 KQ137 2008: LQ133 LQ134 LQ135 LQ136 LQ137

524

J76.REAL ESTATE J77.REAL ESTATE $ J77.(J15)REAL ESTATE $-Bkt J76.REAL ESTATE J77.REAL ESTATE $ J77A1.DK-2500 J77B1.DK-125K J77C1.DK-500K J77D1.DK-1 MIL J77E1.DK-125K J77F1.DK-2500 REAL REAL REAL REAL REAL

ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE

ASSET ASSET ASSET ASSET ASSET

AMT AMT - MIN AMT - MAX AMT - RESULT

REAL REAL REAL REAL REAL

ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE

ASSET ASSET ASSET ASSET ASSET

AMT AMT - MIN AMT - MAX AMT - RESULT

REAL REAL REAL REAL REAL

ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE

ASSET ASSET ASSET ASSET ASSET

AMT AMT - MIN AMT - MAX AMT - RESULT

REAL REAL REAL REAL REAL

ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE ESTATE

ASSET ASSET ASSET ASSET ASSET

AMT AMT - MIN AMT - MAX AMT - RESULT

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

525

Net value of vehicles Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ATRAN H2ATRAN H3ATRAN H4ATRAN H5ATRAN H6ATRAN H7ATRAN H8ATRAN H9ATRAN

H1ATRAN:W1 H2ATRAN:W2 H3ATRAN:W3 H4ATRAN:W4 H5ATRAN:W5 H6ATRAN:W6 H7ATRAN:W7 H8ATRAN:W8 H9ATRAN:W9

Assets:Transportation Assets:Transportation Assets:Transportation Assets:Transportation Assets:Transportation Assets:Transportation Assets:Transportation Assets:Transportation Assets:Transportation

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFTRAN H2AFTRAN H3AFTRAN H4AFTRAN H5AFTRAN H6AFTRAN H7AFTRAN H8AFTRAN H9AFTRAN

H1AFTRAN:W1 H2AFTRAN:W2 H3AFTRAN:W3 H4AFTRAN:W4 H5AFTRAN:W5 H6AFTRAN:W6 H7AFTRAN:W7 H8AFTRAN:W8 H9AFTRAN:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Flag:Transportation Flag:Transportation Flag:Transportation Flag:Transportation Flag:Transportation Flag:Transportation Flag:Transportation Flag:Transportation Flag:Transportation

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1ATRAN H2ATRAN H3ATRAN H4ATRAN H5ATRAN H6ATRAN H7ATRAN H8ATRAN H9ATRAN

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

14324.086 11570.220 11207.312 12867.545 13311.491 14208.261 14630.085 15567.720 15181.252

46232.919 34714.746 16207.783 32285.250 34086.202 39789.269 33705.039 64170.518 25906.937

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3000000.000 2000000.000 300000.000 3500000.000 3500000.000 4445000.000 3500000.000 8100000.000 775000.000

H1AFTRAN H2AFTRAN H3AFTRAN H4AFTRAN H5AFTRAN H6AFTRAN H7AFTRAN H8AFTRAN H9AFTRAN

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

2.132 2.045 2.345 2.141 2.116 2.136 2.095 2.050 2.086

4.037 1.998 2.084 1.991 1.966 1.947 1.937 1.901 1.938

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

75.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFTRAN H2AFTRAN H3AFTRAN H4AFTRAN H5AFTRAN H6AFTRAN H7AFTRAN H8AFTRAN H9AFTRAN 1.continuous value | 9754 13984 11635 14106 13124 12036 13654 12679 11772 2.complete bracket | 938 2105 1274 2975 2532 2323 2412 2244 1993 3.incomplete bracket | 40 55 520 91 85 105 116 109 126 4.range card bracket | 299 5.no value/bracket | 1366 439 480 604 666 498 452 6.no asset | 1156 3032 3014 3485 3167 2993 3134 2834 2756 7.DK ownership | 210 289 56 117 67 61 58 40 43

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp 14.cont/rngcrd 15.cont/no bkt 17.cont/dk own 21.cmpbkt/cont 25.cmpbkt/no bkt 27.cmpbkt/dk own 37.incbkt/dk own 41.rngcrd/cont 71.dk own/cont 75.dk own/no bkt

| | | | | | | | | | |

526

95 2 17 9 68 11 1 1 36 9 6

177

126

171

124

45

89

65

75

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed net value of vehicles is assigned to RwATRAN. The RwAFTRAN variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary. In Waves 1 and 2, ownership is based solely upon whether a value is provided, as there is no direct question about ownership. This asset was being coded so that RwAFTRAN had fewer cases defined as “DK ownership”. Beginning in Version G, we changed the logic to also look at the brackets. Those who did not provide any bracket information were also set to “DK ownership”. [See Appendix A for a description of how many cases were affected by this change.]

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The net value of vehicles in Wave 1 is the sum of value of recreational vehicle (from Section D: Housing) and value of other vehicles (from Section M: Net Worth other than Housing). From Wave 2 forward the recreational vehicle question is dropped from the Housing section. the value of vehicles from Net Worth section is used.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10838 V10839 V15205 V5205 V5206 V838 V839 AHEAD 1993: B1725 B1725C HRS 1994: W15503 W5503 W5504 AHEAD 1995: D4499 D4500

D50:91-R1-OWNRCMOTRH:IND D50A:MOTOR_HOME_VALU:IND M4:$VAL VEHICLES OWN:IND M4:$VAL VEHICLES OWN:IMP M4: ORIGINAL BRACKETS D50:OWN RC OR MOTOR :IMP D50A:VALUE:$ :IMP K4. TRANSPORTATION: NET VALUE CATEG: K4. TRANSPORTATION: NET VALUE K4. Imputation Indicator K4.VALUE OF TRANSPORTATI K4a-K4c. Brackets J51. TRANSPORTATION J51A. TRANSPORTATION

Only

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

D4502B HRS 1996: E4500 E4501 E4502B HRS 1998: F5260 F5261 F5262B HRS 2000: G5681 G5682 G5683 G5684 G5685 G5686 G5687 HRS 2002: HQ370 HQ371 HQ372 HQ373 HQ374 HRS 2004: JQ370 JQ371 JQ372 JQ373 JQ374 HRS 2006: KQ370 KQ371 KQ372 KQ373 KQ374 HRS 2008: LQ370 LQ371 LQ372 LQ373 LQ374

527

J51A. TRANSPORTATION/Bkt J237.TRANSPORTATION J238.TRANSPORTATION J238.TRANSPORTATION/Bkt J237.TRANSPORTATION J238.TRANSPORTATION J238.(J51A)TRANSPORTATION-Bkt J237.TRANSPORTATION J238.TRANSPORTATION J238A. DK-5K J238Y1A. DK-25000 J238B. DK-200000 J238Y1B. DK-25000 J238D. DK-5000 TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE - RESULT

TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE - RESULT

TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE - RESULT

TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE - RESULT

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

528

Net value of businesses Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ABSNS H2ABSNS H3ABSNS H4ABSNS H5ABSNS H6ABSNS H7ABSNS H8ABSNS H9ABSNS

H1ABSNS:W1 H2ABSNS:W2 H3ABSNS:W3 H4ABSNS:W4 H5ABSNS:W5 H6ABSNS:W6 H7ABSNS:W7 H8ABSNS:W8 H9ABSNS:W9

Assets:Business Assets:Business Assets:Business Assets:Business Assets:Business Assets:Business Assets:Business Assets:Business Assets:Business

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFBSNS H2AFBSNS H3AFBSNS H4AFBSNS H5AFBSNS H6AFBSNS H7AFBSNS H8AFBSNS H9AFBSNS

H1AFBSNS:W1 H2AFBSNS:W2 H3AFBSNS:W3 H4AFBSNS:W4 H5AFBSNS:W5 H6AFBSNS:W6 H7AFBSNS:W7 H8AFBSNS:W8 H9AFBSNS:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Flag:Business Flag:Business Flag:Business Flag:Business Flag:Business Flag:Business Flag:Business Flag:Business Flag:Business

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1ABSNS H2ABSNS H3ABSNS H4ABSNS H5ABSNS H6ABSNS H7ABSNS H8ABSNS H9ABSNS

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

33382.342 20408.690 26213.781 30497.508 31124.636 32287.002 40348.000 69029.844 45683.964

220802.966 140513.062 246018.697 604576.738 271448.359 260875.012 393159.727 1187100.666 437406.340

-50000.000 -8000.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

7026269.667 4500000.000 15000000.000 60000000.000 12000000.000 14000000.000 20000000.000 84000000.000 25000000.000

H1AFBSNS H2AFBSNS H3AFBSNS H4AFBSNS H5AFBSNS H6AFBSNS H7AFBSNS H8AFBSNS H9AFBSNS

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.252 5.503 5.541 5.602 5.608 5.582 5.568 5.585 5.606

1.771 1.526 1.456 1.385 1.357 1.361 1.397 1.366 1.348

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFBSNS H2AFBSNS H3AFBSNS H4AFBSNS H5AFBSNS H6AFBSNS H7AFBSNS H8AFBSNS H9AFBSNS 1.continuous value | 1514 1550 1349 1364 1219 1182 1378 1251 1102 2.complete bracket | 453 617 367 505 418 399 438 319 319 3.incomplete bracket | 22 19 110 39 54 20 48 39 38 4.range card bracket | 106 5.no value/bracket | 127 104 152 216 220 230 250 260 193 6.no asset | 10291 17091 15825 18946 17442 16220 17846 16482 15412 7.DK ownership | 44 84 62 143 102 71 80 53 78

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp

|

529

95

177

126

171

124

45

89

65

75

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed net value of businesses is assigned to RwABSNS. The RwAFBSNS variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The net value of businesses is asked at each wave. The question wording is similar at all waves but the unfolding brackets questions vary. Two questions reveal whether the respondent owns any businesses and if so, the value of it. In Waves 1 and 2A, the questions ask: a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] own part or all of a business? b) If you sold (all of) the business(es) and paid off any debts on (it/them), how much would you get? In Wave 2H the wording of the first question changes slightly to include "farm": a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] own part or all of a farm or business? Beginning in Wave 3, the first question is almost identical to the Wave 2H version, and the second question adds the word "about": a) Do you (or your (husband/wife/partner)) own part or all of a business or farm? b) If you sold all that and then paid off any debts on it, about how much would you get? Beginning in Wave 6, after the value of business or farm assets is collected, a question asks whether these assets were reported previously in the interview (e.g., HQ492). Beginning in Wave 9, a follow-up question was added which asks respondents to indicate what percentage was previously reported (LQ523). For example, in Wave 9, about 30% of business owners indicate that they had reported their business wealth as either primary residence (which could be a farm or ranch), secondary residence, or other real estate earlier in the interview (LQ492 = yes), and of these, most say that all of the business asset was previously reported (LQ523 = 100%). These two variables are included in this file for the convenience of the analyst, and can be used for adjusting total wealth to reflect the amount of wealth that is twice reported. We do not use these two variables in the imputations or derivations of any of the variations on total wealth. In all waves, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts and entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, range card brackets may be coded instead of unfolding brackets.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992:

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

V15208 V15209 V5208 V5209 V5210 AHEAD 1993: B1729 B1730 B1730C HRS 1994: W15505 W15506 W5505 W5506 W5507 AHEAD 1995: D4005 D4006 D4010B HRS 1996: E4096 E4097 E4098B HRS 1998: F4856 F4857 F4858B HRS 2000: G5301 G5302 G5303 G5304 G5305 G5306 G5307 G5308 HRS 2002: HQ147 HQ148 HQ149 HQ150 HQ151 HQ492 HRS 2004: JQ147 JQ148 JQ149 JQ150 JQ151 JQ492 HRS 2006: KQ147 KQ148 KQ149 KQ150 KQ151 KQ492 HRS 2008: LQ147 LQ148 LQ149 LQ150 LQ151

530

M5:R/SP/PART OWN BUS:IND M6:VALUE OF BUSINESS:IND M5:R/SP/PART OWN BUS:IMP M6:VALUE OF BUSINESS:IMP M6: ORIGINAL BRACKETS K5. OWN BUSINESS: ANY K6. OWN BUSINESS: NET VALUE CATEG: K6. OWN BUSINESS: NET VALUE K5. Imputation Indicator K6. Imputation Indicator K5.OWN FARM OR BUSINESS K6.VALUE OF BUSINESS K6a-K6c. Brackets J17.BUSINESS J18.BUSINESS OR FARM $ J18.BUSINESS OR FARM $/Bkt J83.OWN BUSINESS OR FARM J84.BUSINESS OR FARM $ J84.BUSINESS OR FARM $/Bkt J83.BUSINESS J84.BUSINESS OR FARM $ J84.(J18)BUSINESS OR FARM $-Bkt J83.BUSINESS J84.BUSINESS OR FARM $ J84A.DK-5K J84B.DK-10K J84C.DK-100K J84D.DK-1 MIL J84E.DK-10K J84F.DK-5K BUSINESS OR FARM ASSETS BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY AMOUNT BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY - MIN BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY - MAX BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY - RESULT BUSINESS/FARM AMT PREV REPORT BUSINESS OR FARM ASSETS BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY AMOUNT BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY - MIN BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY - MAX BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY - RESULT BUSINESS/FARM AMT PREV REPORT BUSINESS OR FARM ASSETS BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY AMOUNT BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY - MIN BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY - MAX BUSINESS OR FARM EQUITY - RESULT BUSINESS/FARM AMT PREV REPORT BUSINESS BUSINESS BUSINESS BUSINESS BUSINESS

OR OR OR OR OR

FARM FARM FARM FARM FARM

ASSETS EQUITY EQUITY EQUITY EQUITY

AMOUNT - MIN - MAX - RESULT

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

LQ492 LQ523

BUSINESS/FARM AMT PREV REPORT BUSINESS/FARM PERCENT REPORTED

531

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

532

Net value of IRA, Keogh accounts Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AIRA H2AIRA H3AIRA H4AIRA H5AIRA H6AIRA H7AIRA H8AIRA H9AIRA

H1AIRA:W1 H2AIRA:W2 H3AIRA:W3 H4AIRA:W4 H5AIRA:W5 H6AIRA:W6 H7AIRA:W7 H8AIRA:W8 H9AIRA:W9

Assets:IRA Assets:IRA Assets:IRA Assets:IRA Assets:IRA Assets:IRA Assets:IRA Assets:IRA Assets:IRA

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFIRA H2AFIRA H3AFIRA H4AFIRA H5AFIRA H6AFIRA H7AFIRA H8AFIRA H9AFIRA

H1AFIRA:W1 H2AFIRA:W2 H3AFIRA:W3 H4AFIRA:W4 H5AFIRA:W5 H6AFIRA:W6 H7AFIRA:W7 H8AFIRA:W8 H9AFIRA:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

[total] [total] [total] [total] [total] [total] [total] [total] [total]

Flag:IRA Flag:IRA Flag:IRA Flag:IRA Flag:IRA Flag:IRA Flag:IRA Flag:IRA Flag:IRA

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

[total] [total] [total] [total] [total] [total] [total] [total] [total]

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1AIRA H2AIRA H3AIRA H4AIRA H5AIRA H6AIRA H7AIRA H8AIRA H9AIRA

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

18227.678 19413.070 28061.610 38269.135 51896.730 46649.527 52598.394 70906.142 68190.959

55547.135 68643.800 106163.939 120139.227 196966.212 140288.535 341422.897 613190.305 331454.696

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1200000.000 2000000.000 2855030.558 2529000.000 12080000.000 3600000.000 35027000.000 43000000.000 22000000.000

H1AFIRA H2AFIRA H3AFIRA H4AFIRA H5AFIRA H6AFIRA H7AFIRA H8AFIRA H9AFIRA

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

4.257 4.558 16.371 16.593 19.758 22.136 20.084 22.263 20.845

2.327 2.261 66.321 67.417 77.052 88.485 82.537 88.764 85.529

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 577.000 577.000 577.000 577.000 577.000 577.000 577.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| H1AFIRA 1.continuous value | 3685 2.complete bracket | 737 3.incomplete bracket | 92 4.range card bracket | 262 5.no value/bracket | 234 6.no asset | 7478 7.DK ownership | 69

H2AFIRA 4860 1055 92

H3AFIRA 4365 543 105

H4AFIRA 5341 850 40

H5AFIRA 5103 607 75

H6AFIRA 4538 533 59

H7AFIRA 5207 703 70

H8AFIRA 4883 528 46

H9AFIRA 4516 498 71

270 12977 211

302 11605 222

490 13196 382

558 11790 332

600 11123 362

659 12134 361

524 11147 347

498 10425 347

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp 112.cont/cont/cmpbkt 113.cont/cont/incbkt 115.cont/cont/no bkt 121.cont/cmpbkt/cont 122.cont/cmpbkt/cmpbkt 123.cont/cmpbkt/incbkt 125.cont/cmpbkt/no bkt 126.cont/cmpbkt/no ast 131.cont/incbkt/cont 132.cont/incbkt/cmpbkt 133.cont/incbkt/incbkt 135.cont/incbkt/no bkt 136.cont/incbkt/no ast 151.cont/no bkt/cont 152.cont/no bkt/cmpbkt 155.cont/no bkt/no bkt 156.cont/no bkt/no ast 177.cont/dk own/dk own 211.cmpbkt/cont/cont 212.cmpbkt/cont/cmpbkt 213.cmpbkt/cont/incbkt 215.cmpbkt/cont/no bkt 216.cmpbkt/cont/no ast 221.cmpbkt/cmpbkt/cont 223.cmpbkt/cmpbkt/incbkt 225.cmpbkt/cmpbkt/no bkt 231.cmpbkt/incbkt/cont 232.cmpbkt/incbkt/cmpbkt 233.cmpbkt/incbkt/incbkt 235.cmpbkt/incbkt/no bkt 236.cmpbkt/incbkt/no ast 251.cmpbkt/no bkt/cont 252.cmpbkt/no bkt/cmpbkt 253.cmpbkt/no bkt/incbkt 255.cmpbkt/no bkt/no bkt 256.cmpbkt/no bkt/no ast 277.cmpbkt/dk own/dk own 311.incbkt/cont/cont 312.incbkt/cont/cmpbkt 315.incbkt/cont/no bkt 316.incbkt/cont/no ast 321.incbkt/cmpbkt/cont 322.incbkt/cmpbkt/cmpbkt 323.incbkt/cmpbkt/incbkt 325.incbkt/cmpbkt/no bkt 326.incbkt/cmpbkt/no ast 331.incbkt/incbkt/cont 332.incbkt/incbkt/cmpbkt 335.incbkt/incbkt/no bkt 352.incbkt/no bkt/cmpbkt 353.incbkt/no bkt/incbkt 355.incbkt/no bkt/no bkt 356.incbkt/no bkt/no ast 377.incbkt/dk own/dk own 511.no bkt/cont/cont 515.no bkt/cont/no bkt 516.no bkt/cont/no ast 521.no bkt/cmpbkt/cont 522.no bkt/cmpbkt/cmpbkt 523.no bkt/cmpbkt/incbkt 525.no bkt/cmpbkt/no bkt 526.no bkt/cmpbkt/no ast 532.no bkt/incbkt/cmpbkt 533.no bkt/incbkt/incbkt 535.no bkt/incbkt/no bkt 536.no bkt/incbkt/no ast 551.no bkt/no bkt/cont 552.no bkt/no bkt/cmpbkt 553.no bkt/no bkt/incbkt 577.no bkt/dk own/dk own

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

533

95

177

126 39 8 9 20 7 2

19

2

2 5 12 41 15

2 15 14 28 47 16

124 49 3 22 28 18 2 4 82 2 2 1 7 5 3 2 12 27 16 51 15

4 122 21 7 11

4 111 41 1 3

2 96 24 1 6

2 5

1 2 7

2 4 12

50 19 2

171 74 32 25 44 4 73 1 1

92 15 2 3 4 5 4 1 26

5 9 33 6 2

6 1 10 10 53

2 17 20 81 4 4

15

1 8

8

3

4

4

21 2 11

3

2 10 4

2

1

14 7 16

4 5 3 17

6 1 6 3 24 2 15

2 13 2 4 6 2 4 124

1 13 2 2 1 16

45 50 7 30 19 20 4 4 52

9 4 25 20 28 2

89 45 17 26 19 4 6 58 4 2 1 4 3 1 9 19 49 4 1 2 105 21 3 11

65 37 4 22 18 26

75 36

6 56 2

13 20 18 2 3 41 2

1 13 3

4 1 4 5

9 35

21 11

64 11

48 13

88 33

92 19

2

8 2

1 5

1 2 1 3

2 2 15 15

2

1

16 25

8 19

6 2 2 3 8 12

2

6

2

2

2 3 2 4

10 4 4

6

4

5 2 4 4

2 10

14 2 2 1 1 2 9 11

17

2 2

2 4

13 13

2 2 11 15

7 5

4 3 9

3 2 20

2 4 21

1 1 20

2

5 2

8

19 2

7

14

23

1 13

2 1 11 4

1 4 4 4

221

354

21

2 2 8

184

4 2 2 319

5 2 6

4 6 2

346

305

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

534

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed net value of IRA/Keogh is assigned to RwAIRA. The RwAFIRA variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary. In waves where questions ask about multiple IRA accounts, RwAIRA represents the sum of the values of all of them.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The net value of IRA and Keogh accounts is asked at each wave. Two questions reveal whether the respondent owns any IRA or Keogh accounts and if so, the value of them. In Waves 1 and 2, the total of all IRA accounts is requested in one question: a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any Individual Retirement Accounts, that is, IRA or Keogh accounts? b) How much in total is in all those accounts? Beginning in Wave 3, the questions ask about the three largest IRAs individually: a) Do you (or your (husband/wife/partner)) currently have any money or assets that are held in an Individual Retirement Account, that is, in an IRA or KEOGH account? b) Let's talk about the (NEXT) largest IRA or KEOGH account/other IRA or KEOGH account/next largest IRA or KEOGH account/third IRA or KEOGH account/all the other IRA or KEOGH accounts. About how much is in this account at the present time? The second question is asked up to three times, depending on how many IRAs the respondent reports. In all waves, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts and entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, range card brackets may be coded instead of unfolding brackets.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15212 V15213 V5212 V5213 V5214 AHEAD 1993: B1734 B1735 B1735C HRS 1994: W15508

M7:R/SP/PARTNR HAVE :IND M8:$VAL OF IRA ACCOU:IND M7:R/SP/PARTNR HAVE :IMP M8:$VAL OF IRA ACCOU:IMP M8: ORIGINAL BRACKETS K7. IRA: ANY K8. IRA: TOTAL VALUE CATEG: K8. IRA: TOTAL VALUE K7. Imputation Indicator

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

W15509 W5508 W5509 W5510 AHEAD 1995: D4045 D4046 D4048 D4052B D4089 D4090 D4093B D4129 D4132B HRS 1996: E4124 E4125 E4127 E4130B E4148 E4149 E4152B E4171 E4172B HRS 1998: F4884 F4887 F4889B F4908 F4909 F4910B F4929 F4930 F4931B HRS 2000: G5329 G5332 G5334 G5335 G5336 G5338 G5339 G5340 G5353 G5354 G5355 G5356 G5357 G5359 G5360 G5361 G5374 G5375 G5376 G5377 G5378 G5379 G5380 G5381 HRS 2002: HQ162 HQ165_1 HQ165_2

K8. Imputation Indicator K7.IRA OR KEOGH ACCOUNTS K8.AMOUNT IN IRA/KEOGHS K8a-K8d. Brackets J20.IRA J20A. NUMBER IRAS J21.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT J21.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT/Bkt J21.INTRO IRA ACCOUNT-2 J22.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-2 J22.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-2/Bkt J22.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-3 J22.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-3/Bkt J90.IRA J91.NUMBER IRAS J93.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT J93.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT/Bkt J99.INTRO IRA ACCOUNT-2 J100.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-2 J100.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-2/Bkt J107.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-3 J107.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-3/Bkt J90.IRA J93.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT J93.(J22-2)TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-Bkt J99.INTRO IRA ACCOUNT-2 J100.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-2 J100.(J22-2)TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-2-Bkt J106.INTRO IRA-3 J107.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-3 J107.(J22-3)TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-3-Bkt J90.IRA J93.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT J93A.IRA DK-$10K J93Y1A.IRA DK-$25K J93B.IRA DK-$100K J93C.IRA DK-$400K J93Y2A.IRA DK-$25K J93D.IRA DK-$10K J99.INTRO IRA ACCOUNT-2 J100.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-2 J100A.IRA DK-$10K J100Y1A.IRA DK-$25K J100B.IRA DK-$100K J100C.IRA DK-$400K J100Y2A.IRA DK-$25K J100D.IRA DK-$10K J106.INTRO IRA-3 J107.TOTAL $ IRA ACCOUNT-3 J107A.IRA DK-$10K J107Y1A.IRA DK-$25K J107B.IRA DK-$100K J107C.IRA DK-$400K J107Y2A.IRA DK-$25K J107D.IRA DK-$10K IRA OR KEOGH WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -1 WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -2

535

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

HQ165_3 HQ166_1 HQ166_2 HQ166_3 HQ167_1 HQ167_2 HQ167_3 HQ168_1 HQ168_2 HQ168_3 HQ169_1 HQ169_2 HQ169_3 HRS 2004: JQ162 JQ165_1 JQ165_2 JQ165_3 JQ166_1 JQ166_2 JQ166_3 JQ167_1 JQ167_2 JQ167_3 JQ168_1 JQ168_2 JQ168_3 JQ169_1 JQ169_2 JQ169_3 HRS 2006: KQ162 KQ165_1 KQ165_2 KQ165_3 KQ166_1 KQ166_2 KQ166_3 KQ167_1 KQ167_2 KQ167_3 KQ168_1 KQ168_2 KQ168_3 KQ169_1 KQ169_2 KQ169_3 HRS 2008: LQ162 LQ165_1 LQ165_2 LQ165_3 LQ166_1 LQ166_2 LQ166_3 LQ167_1 LQ167_2 LQ167_3 LQ168_1 LQ168_2 LQ168_3 LQ169_1 LQ169_2

WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -3 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -1 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -2 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -3 IRA OR KEOGH WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -1 WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -2 WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -3 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -1 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -2 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -3 IRA OR KEOGH WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -1 WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -2 WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -3 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -1 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -2 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -3 IRA OR KEOGH WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -1 WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -2 WHO HAS IRA ACCOUNTS -3 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -1 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -2 AMOUNT IN IRA ACCOUNT -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MIN -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -2 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - MAX -3 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -1 AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -2

536

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

LQ169_3

AMT IN IRA ACCOUNT - RESULT -3

537

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

538

Net value of stocks, mutual funds, and investment trusts Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ASTCK H2ASTCK H3ASTCK H4ASTCK H5ASTCK H6ASTCK H7ASTCK H8ASTCK H9ASTCK

H1ASTCK:W1 H2ASTCK:W2 H3ASTCK:W3 H4ASTCK:W4 H5ASTCK:W5 H6ASTCK:W6 H7ASTCK:W7 H8ASTCK:W8 H9ASTCK:W9

Assets:Stocks Assets:Stocks Assets:Stocks Assets:Stocks Assets:Stocks Assets:Stocks Assets:Stocks Assets:Stocks Assets:Stocks

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFSTCK H2AFSTCK H3AFSTCK H4AFSTCK H5AFSTCK H6AFSTCK H7AFSTCK H8AFSTCK H9AFSTCK

H1AFSTCK:W1 H2AFSTCK:W2 H3AFSTCK:W3 H4AFSTCK:W4 H5AFSTCK:W5 H6AFSTCK:W6 H7AFSTCK:W7 H8AFSTCK:W8 H9AFSTCK:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Flag:Stocks Flag:Stocks Flag:Stocks Flag:Stocks Flag:Stocks Flag:Stocks Flag:Stocks Flag:Stocks Flag:Stocks

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1ASTCK H2ASTCK H3ASTCK H4ASTCK H5ASTCK H6ASTCK H7ASTCK H8ASTCK H9ASTCK

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

19000.084 23803.398 45436.117 50228.714 62288.870 51917.346 78643.901 81629.125 72128.208

91280.557 119636.890 407484.962 328043.860 363504.919 224617.379 1039222.434 980704.898 505002.213

0.000 -9500.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3372514.241 5000000.000 40000000.000 30000000.000 30000000.000 12000000.000 75000000.000 80000000.000 30000000.000

H1AFSTCK H2AFSTCK H3AFSTCK H4AFSTCK H5AFSTCK H6AFSTCK H7AFSTCK H8AFSTCK H9AFSTCK

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

4.790 4.849 4.687 4.710 4.661 4.716 4.743 4.871 4.943

2.100 2.086 2.143 2.150 2.165 2.127 2.124 2.058 2.016

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFSTCK H2AFSTCK H3AFSTCK H4AFSTCK H5AFSTCK H6AFSTCK H7AFSTCK H8AFSTCK H9AFSTCK 1.continuous value | 2438 3453 3604 4208 4099 3663 4065 3461 2994 2.complete bracket | 676 1371 1074 1554 1285 1119 1134 806 756 3.incomplete bracket | 68 116 512 184 173 106 102 91 85 4.range card bracket | 196 5.no value/bracket | 207 324 390 713 804 795 782 590 504 6.no asset | 8874 13919 12043 14129 12724 11990 13582 13108 12475 7.DK ownership | 98 282 242 425 370 449 375 348 328

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp

|

539

95

177

126

171

124

45

89

65

75

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed net value of stocks and mutual funds is assigned to RwASTCK. The RwAFSTCK variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The net value of stocks and mutual funds is asked at each wave. The question wording changes some after Wave 1, and the unfolding brackets questions vary. Two questions reveal whether the respondent owns any stocks or mutual funds and if so, the value of them. In Wave 1, the questions ask: a) For the next few questions, please exclude any assets held in the form of IRA and Keogh accounts. Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any shares of stock in publicly held corporations, mutual funds, or investment trusts? b) If you sold all that and paid off anything you owed on it, how much would you have? Beginning in Wave 2, the first question changes to: a) (Aside from anything you have already told me about...) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any shares of stock or stock mutual funds? In all waves, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts and entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, range card brackets may be coded instead of unfolding brackets.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15217 V15218 V5217 V5218 V5219 AHEAD 1993: B1743 B1744 B1744C HRS 1994: W15511 W15512 W5511 W5512 W5513 AHEAD 1995: D4338

M10:STCK/MUT M11:$ VAL OF M10:STCK/MUT M11:$ VAL OF M11:ORIGINAL

FND/TRU:IND INVESTM:IND FND/TRU:IMP INVESTM:IMP BRACKETS

K10. STOCK/MUTUAL FUNDS: ANY K11. STOCK/MUTUAL FUNDS: NET VALUE CATEG: K11. STOCK/MUTUAL FUNDS K9. Imputation Indicator K10. Imputation Indicato K9.OWN STOCKS/STOCK MUTU K10.VALUE OF STOCKS K10a-K10d. Brackets J36.STOCK ASSETS

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

D4339 D4343B 1996: E4339 E4340 E4341B 1998: F5099 F5100 F5101B 2000: G5554 G5555 G5556 G5557 G5558 G5559 G5560 G5561 2002: HQ316 HQ317 HQ318 HQ319 HQ320 2004: JQ316 JQ317 JQ318 JQ319 JQ320 2006: KQ316 KQ317 KQ318 KQ319 KQ320 2008: LQ316 LQ317 LQ318 LQ319 LQ320

J37.TOTAL $ STOCKS J37.TOTAL $ STOCKS/Bkt J207.STOCK ASSETS J208.TOTAL $ STOCKS J208.TOTAL $ STOCKS/Bkt J207.STOCK ASSETS J208.TOTAL $ STOCKS J208.(J37)TOTAL $ STOCKS-Bkt J207.STOCK ASSETS J208.TOTAL $ STOCKS J208A. DK-2500 J208Y1A. DK-$25K J208B. DK-$125K J208C. DK-$400K J208Y2A. DK-$25K J208D. DK-2500 STOCK AND STOCK MUTUAL FUNDS STOCKS TOTAL VALUE STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - MIN STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - MAX STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - RESULT STOCK AND STOCK MUTUAL FUNDS STOCKS TOTAL VALUE STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - MIN STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - MAX STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - RESULT STOCK AND STOCK MUTUAL FUNDS STOCKS TOTAL VALUE STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - MIN STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - MAX STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - RESULT STOCK AND STOCK MUTUAL FUNDS STOCKS TOTAL VALUE STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - MIN STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - MAX STOCKS TOTAL VALUE - RESULT

540

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

541

Value of checking, savings, or money market accounts Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ACHCK H2ACHCK H3ACHCK H4ACHCK H5ACHCK H6ACHCK H7ACHCK H8ACHCK H9ACHCK

H1ACHCK:W1 H2ACHCK:W2 H3ACHCK:W3 H4ACHCK:W4 H5ACHCK:W5 H6ACHCK:W6 H7ACHCK:W7 H8ACHCK:W8 H9ACHCK:W9

Assets:Checking,Savings Assets:Checking,Savings Assets:Checking,Savings Assets:Checking,Savings Assets:Checking,Savings Assets:Checking,Savings Assets:Checking,Savings Assets:Checking,Savings Assets:Checking,Savings

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFCHCK H2AFCHCK H3AFCHCK H4AFCHCK H5AFCHCK H6AFCHCK H7AFCHCK H8AFCHCK H9AFCHCK

H1AFCHCK:W1 H2AFCHCK:W2 H3AFCHCK:W3 H4AFCHCK:W4 H5AFCHCK:W5 H6AFCHCK:W6 H7AFCHCK:W7 H8AFCHCK:W8 H9AFCHCK:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Acct Acct Acct Acct Acct Acct Acct Acct Acct

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Flag:Checking,Savings Flag:Checking,Savings Flag:Checking,Savings Flag:Checking,Savings Flag:Checking,Savings Flag:Checking,Savings Flag:Checking,Savings Flag:Checking,Savings Flag:Checking,Savings

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1ACHCK H2ACHCK H3ACHCK H4ACHCK H5ACHCK H6ACHCK H7ACHCK H8ACHCK H9ACHCK

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

13949.575 16234.005 21041.804 21843.453 21469.452 26963.666 25832.889 27423.118 28669.999

44175.855 40057.787 74197.300 246454.006 60932.450 256605.164 72997.771 129508.229 82982.002

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2500000.000 900000.000 2500000.000 25000000.000 3500000.000 33300000.000 3000000.000 10000000.000 2000000.000

H1AFCHCK H2AFCHCK H3AFCHCK H4AFCHCK H5AFCHCK H6AFCHCK H7AFCHCK H8AFCHCK H9AFCHCK

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

2.479 2.499 2.359 2.425 2.405 2.391 2.337 2.311 2.305

2.116 2.187 2.055 2.119 2.105 2.074 2.053 2.038 2.050

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFCHCK H2AFCHCK H3AFCHCK H4AFCHCK H5AFCHCK H6AFCHCK H7AFCHCK H8AFCHCK H9AFCHCK 1.continuous value | 7383 11514 10787 12635 11963 11193 12588 11754 11058 2.complete bracket | 1483 2638 2174 2969 2211 1906 2220 1865 1678 3.incomplete bracket | 173 219 853 271 238 199 193 192 182 4.range card bracket | 532 5.no value/bracket | 515 833 945 1499 1733 1904 1908 1798 1541 6.no asset | 2357 3955 2855 3432 2958 2534 2831 2518 2434 7.DK ownership | 114 306 251 407 352 386 300 277 249

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp

|

542

95

177

126

171

124

45

89

65

75

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed value of checking, savings, and money market accounts is assigned to RwACHCK. The RwAFCHCK variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The net value of checking, savings, and money market accounts is asked at each wave. The question wording is similar at all waves but the unfolding brackets questions vary. Two questions reveal whether the respondent owns any checking, savings, or money market accounts and if so, the value of them. In Wave 1, these questions ask: a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any money in checking or savings accounts, or money market funds? b) If you added up all such accounts [for you and your (husband/wife/partner)], about how much would they amount to right now? Beginning in Wave 2, initial wording is added to the first question: a) (Aside from anything you have already told me about...) do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any money in checking or savings accounts, or money market funds? In all waves, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts and entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, range card brackets may be coded instead of unfolding brackets.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15221 V15222 V5221 V5222 V5223 AHEAD 1993: B1749 B1750 B1750C HRS 1994: W15514 W15515 W5514 W5515 W5516 AHEAD 1995:

M12:$ IN CHKNG/SAV/$:IND M13:$VAL OF BNK/MKT :IND M12:$ IN CHKNG/SAV/$:IMP M13:$VAL OF BNK/MKT :IMP M13:ORIGINAL BRACKETS K12. BANK ACCT: ANY NOT MENTION BEFORE K13. BANK ACCT: TOTAL VALUE CATEG: K13. BANK ACCT: TOTAL VALUE K11. Imputation Indicato K12. Imputation Indicato K11.MONEY IN CHECKING/SA K12.AMOUNT IN ALL ACCOUN K12a-K12d. Brackets

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

D4424 D4425 D4429B 1996: E4425 E4426 E4427B 1998: F5185 F5186 F5187B 2000: G5620 G5621 G5622 G5623 G5624 G5625 G5626 G5627 2002: HQ344 HQ345 HQ346 HQ347 HQ348 2004: JQ344 JQ345 JQ346 JQ347 JQ348 2006: KQ344 KQ345 KQ346 KQ347 KQ348 2008: LQ344 LQ345 LQ346 LQ347 LQ348

J44.CHECKING, SAVING ASSETS J44.TOTAL $ CHECKING, SAVINGS J44.TOTAL $ CHECKING, SAVINGS/Bkt J222.CHECKING,SAVING ASSETS J223.TOTAL $ CHECKING, SAVINGS J223.TOTAL $ CHECKING, SAVINGS/Bkt J222.CHECKING, SAVING ASSETS J223.TOTAL $ CHECKING, SAVINGS J223.(J44)TOTAL $ CHECKING, SAVINGS-Bkt J222.CHECKING-SAVING ASSETS J223.TOTAL $ CHECKING-SAVINGS J223A.DK-5K J223B.DK-50K J223C.DK-150K J223D.DK-300K J223E.DK-50K J223F.DK-5K CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING

SAVINGS MARKET FUNDS TOTAL VALUE TOTAL VALUE - MIN TOTAL VALUE - MAX TOTAL VALUE - RESULT

CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING

SAVINGS MARKET FUNDS TOTAL VALUE TOTAL VALUE - MIN TOTAL VALUE - MAX TOTAL VALUE - RESULT

CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING

SAVINGS MARKET FUNDS TOTAL VALUE TOTAL VALUE - MIN TOTAL VALUE - MAX TOTAL VALUE - RESULT

CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING CHECKING

SAVINGS MARKET FUNDS TOTAL VALUE TOTAL VALUE - MIN TOTAL VALUE - MAX TOTAL VALUE - RESULT

543

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

544

Value of CD, government savings bonds, and T-bills Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ACD H2ACD H3ACD H4ACD H5ACD H6ACD H7ACD H8ACD H9ACD

H1ACD:W1 H2ACD:W2 H3ACD:W3 H4ACD:W4 H5ACD:W5 H6ACD:W6 H7ACD:W7 H8ACD:W8 H9ACD:W9

Assets:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Assets:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Assets:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Assets:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Assets:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Assets:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Assets:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Assets:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Assets:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFCD H2AFCD H3AFCD H4AFCD H5AFCD H6AFCD H7AFCD H8AFCD H9AFCD

H1AFCD:W1 H2AFCD:W2 H3AFCD:W3 H4AFCD:W4 H5AFCD:W5 H6AFCD:W6 H7AFCD:W7 H8AFCD:W8 H9AFCD:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Flag:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Flag:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Flag:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Flag:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Flag:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Flag:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Flag:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Flag:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills Flag:CDs,SvBonds,T-bills

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1ACD H2ACD H3ACD H4ACD H5ACD H6ACD H7ACD H8ACD H9ACD

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6746.274 8208.701 11802.873 11342.416 13958.519 12367.593 10128.410 15858.827 18761.851

35497.699 38441.601 62375.739 54768.058 65460.704 52534.787 50366.006 60872.035 74066.958

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1055798.506 1000000.000 3000000.000 4000000.000 2750000.000 1500000.000 2000000.000 1200000.000 2500000.000

H1AFCD H2AFCD H3AFCD H4AFCD H5AFCD H6AFCD H7AFCD H8AFCD H9AFCD

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

4.894 5.070 4.962 5.023 4.969 5.042 5.227 5.025 5.007

2.050 1.963 2.019 1.993 2.016 1.959 1.807 1.972 1.994

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 4.range card bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no asset | 7.DK ownership |

H1AFCD 2343 470 59 213 204 9149 119

H2AFCD 3060 818 80

H3AFCD 3165 554 314

H4AFCD 3536 842 77

H5AFCD 3410 761 67

H6AFCD 3048 507 42

H7AFCD 2674 534 40

H8AFCD 3189 451 75

H9AFCD 3055 416 68

368 14760 379

446 13017 369

699 15495 564

772 13942 503

728 13222 575

691 15607 494

698 13515 476

646 12493 464

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp

|

545

95

177

126

171

124

45

89

65

75

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed value of CDs, government savings bonds, and treasury bills is assigned to RwACD. The RwAFCD variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The value of CDs, government savings bonds, and treasury bills is asked at each wave. The question wording is similar at all waves but the unfolding brackets questions vary. Two questions reveal whether the respondent owns any CDs, government savings bonds, or T-bills and if so, the value of them. In Wave 1, the questions ask: a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any money in certificates of deposit, government savings bonds, or Treasury bills? b) If you added up all such accounts [for you and your (husband/wife/partner)], about how much would they amount to right now? Beginning in Wave 2, initial wording is added to the first question: a) (Aside from anything you have already told me about...) do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any money in certificates of deposit, government savings bonds, or Treasury bills? In all waves, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts and entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, range card brackets may be coded instead of unfolding brackets.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15225 V15226 V5225 V5226 V5227 AHEAD 1993: B1755 B1756 B1756C HRS 1994: W15517 W15518 W5517 W5518 W5519 AHEAD 1995:

M14:CD/SAV BOND/T-BI:IND M15:$VAL OF CD/BOND/:IND M14:CD/SAV BOND/T-BI:IMP M15:$VAL OF CD/BOND/:IMP M15:ORIGINAL BRACKETS K14. CD/SAV BONDS: ANY K15. CD/SAV BONDS: TOTAL VALUE $ CATEG: K15. CD/SAV BONDS: TOTAL VALUE $ K13. Imputation Indicato K14. Imputation Indicato K13.CODS/SAVINGS BONDS/T K14.AMOUNT IN CODS/BONDS K14a-K14d. Brackets

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

D4463 D4464 D4468B 1996: E4464 E4465 E4466B 1998: F5224 F5225 F5226B 2000: G5650 G5651 G5652 G5653 G5654 G5655 G5656 G5657 2002: HQ356 HQ357 HQ358 HQ359 HQ360 2004: JQ356 JQ357 JQ358 JQ359 JQ360 2006: KQ356 KQ357 KQ358 KQ359 KQ360 2008: LQ356 LQ357 LQ358 LQ359 LQ360

J47.CD,TBILL ASSETS J48.TOTAL $ CD J48.TOTAL $ CD/Bkt J229.CD,TBILL ASSETS J230.TOTAL $ CD J230.TOTAL $ CD/Bkt J229.CD,TBILL ASSETS J230.TOTAL $ CD J230.(J48)TOTAL $ CD-Bkt J229.CD-TBILL ASSETS J230.TOTAL $ CD J230A. DK-2500 J230Y1A.DK-$25K J230B.DK-$125K J230C.DK-$250K J230Y2A.DK-$25K J230Y3A.DK-2500 CDS CDS CDS CDS CDS

GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS TOTAL VALUE TOTAL VALUE - MIN TOTAL VALUE - MAX TOTAL VALUE - RESULT

CDS CDS CDS CDS CDS

GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS TOTAL VALUE TOTAL VALUE - MIN TOTAL VALUE - MAX TOTAL VALUE - RESULT

CDS CDS CDS CDS CDS

GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS TOTAL VALUE TOTAL VALUE - MIN TOTAL VALUE - MAX TOTAL VALUE - RESULT

CDS CDS CDS CDS CDS

GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS TOTAL VALUE TOTAL VALUE - MIN TOTAL VALUE - MAX TOTAL VALUE - RESULT

546

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

547

Net value of bonds and bond funds Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ABOND H2ABOND H3ABOND H4ABOND H5ABOND H6ABOND H7ABOND H8ABOND H9ABOND

H1ABOND:W1 H2ABOND:W2 H3ABOND:W3 H4ABOND:W4 H5ABOND:W5 H6ABOND:W6 H7ABOND:W7 H8ABOND:W8 H9ABOND:W9

Assets:Bonds Assets:Bonds Assets:Bonds Assets:Bonds Assets:Bonds Assets:Bonds Assets:Bonds Assets:Bonds Assets:Bonds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFBOND H2AFBOND H3AFBOND H4AFBOND H5AFBOND H6AFBOND H7AFBOND H8AFBOND H9AFBOND

H1AFBOND:W1 H2AFBOND:W2 H3AFBOND:W3 H4AFBOND:W4 H5AFBOND:W5 H6AFBOND:W6 H7AFBOND:W7 H8AFBOND:W8 H9AFBOND:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Flag:Bonds Flag:Bonds Flag:Bonds Flag:Bonds Flag:Bonds Flag:Bonds Flag:Bonds Flag:Bonds Flag:Bonds

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1ABOND H2ABOND H3ABOND H4ABOND H5ABOND H6ABOND H7ABOND H8ABOND H9ABOND

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

2713.814 4692.923 7554.230 7466.117 7709.117 9145.879 9948.086 11265.962 9466.556

29307.759 63269.027 75396.227 75102.496 61058.990 78920.146 147229.604 270994.256 96973.593

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1500000.000 4500000.000 4500000.000 4000000.000 3000000.000 3500000.000 17000000.000 25000000.000 5000000.000

H1AFBOND H2AFBOND H3AFBOND H4AFBOND H5AFBOND H6AFBOND H7AFBOND H8AFBOND H9AFBOND

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.764 5.790 5.679 5.729 5.741 5.718 5.751 5.791 5.772

1.128 1.114 1.273 1.218 1.177 1.191 1.142 1.053 1.102

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFBOND H2AFBOND H3AFBOND H4AFBOND H5AFBOND H6AFBOND H7AFBOND H8AFBOND H9AFBOND 1.continuous value | 560 774 977 1016 880 888 865 695 711 2.complete bracket | 94 222 247 335 271 230 261 165 163 3.incomplete bracket | 8 37 120 36 33 28 23 15 24 4.range card bracket | 49 5.no value/bracket | 76 102 158 225 286 242 256 226 185 6.no asset | 11661 18010 16121 19151 17562 16307 18221 16961 15738 7.DK ownership | 109 320 242 450 423 427 414 342 321

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp

|

548

95

177

126

171

124

45

89

65

75

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed net value of bonds or bond funds is assigned to RwABOND. The RwAFBOND variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The net value of bonds or bond funds is asked at each wave. The question wording is similar at all waves but the unfolding brackets questions vary. Two questions reveal whether the respondent owns any bonds or bond funds and if so, the value of them. In Wave 1, the questions ask: a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any corporate, municipal, government, or foreign bonds, or any bond funds? b) If you sold all those bonds or bond funds and paid off anything you owed on them, how much would you have? Beginning in Wave 2, initial wording is added to the first question: a) (Aside from anything you have already told me about...) do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any corporate, municipal, government, or foreign bonds, or any bond funds? In all waves, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts and entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, range card brackets may be coded instead of unfolding brackets.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15229 V15230 V5229 V5230 V5231 AHEAD 1993: B1761 B1762 B1762C HRS 1994: W15520 W15521 W5520 W5521 W5522 AHEAD 1995: D4381

M16:R/SP OWN M17:$ VAL OF M16:R/SP OWN M17:$ VAL OF M17:ORIGINAL

ANY BON:IND THESE B:IND ANY BON:IMP THESE B:IMP BRACKETS

K16. CORP/GOVT BONDS: ANY K17. CORP/GOVT BONDS: NET VALUE CATEG: K17. CORP/GOVT BONDS: NET VALUE K15. Imputation Indicato K16. Imputation Indicato K15.OWN CORPORATE/GOVT B K16.VALUE OF BONDS K16a-K16d. Brackets J40.BOND ASSETS

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

D4382 D4386B 1996: E4382 E4383 E4384B 1998: F5142 F5143 F5144B 2000: G5587 G5588 G5589 G5590 G5591 G5593 G5594 G5595 2002: HQ330 HQ331 HQ332 HQ333 HQ334 2004: JQ330 JQ331 JQ332 JQ333 JQ334 2006: KQ330 KQ331 KQ332 KQ333 KQ334 2008: LQ330 LQ331 LQ332 LQ333 LQ334

549

J41.TOTAL $ BONDS J41.TOTAL $ BONDS/Bkt J215.BOND ASSETS J216.TOTAL $ BONDS J216.TOTAL $ BONDS/Bkt J215.BOND ASSETS J216.TOTAL $ BONDS J216.(J41)TOTAL $ BONDS-Bkt J215.BOND ASSETS J216.TOTAL $ BONDS J216A.BONDS DK-2500 J216Y1A.BONDS DK-$10K J216B.BONDS DK-$100K J216C.BONDS DK-$400K J216Y2A.BONDS DK-$10K J216D.BONDS DK-2500 BOND BOND BOND BOND BOND

ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE - RESULT

BOND BOND BOND BOND BOND

ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE - RESULT

BOND BOND BOND BOND BOND

ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE - RESULT

BOND BOND BOND BOND BOND

ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE - RESULT

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

550

Net value of all other savings Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AOTHR H2AOTHR H3AOTHR H4AOTHR H5AOTHR H6AOTHR H7AOTHR H8AOTHR H9AOTHR

H1AOTHR:W1 H2AOTHR:W2 H3AOTHR:W3 H4AOTHR:W4 H5AOTHR:W5 H6AOTHR:W6 H7AOTHR:W7 H8AOTHR:W8 H9AOTHR:W9

Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other Assets:Other

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFOTHR H2AFOTHR H3AFOTHR H4AFOTHR H5AFOTHR H6AFOTHR H7AFOTHR H8AFOTHR H9AFOTHR

H1AFOTHR:W1 H2AFOTHR:W2 H3AFOTHR:W3 H4AFOTHR:W4 H5AFOTHR:W5 H6AFOTHR:W6 H7AFOTHR:W7 H8AFOTHR:W8 H9AFOTHR:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

svngs, svngs, svngs, svngs, svngs, svngs, svngs, svngs, svngs,

Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other Flag:Other

assets assets assets assets assets assets assets assets assets

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

svngs,assets svngs,assets svngs,assets svngs,assets svngs,assets svngs,assets svngs,assets svngs,assets svngs,assets

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1AOTHR H2AOTHR H3AOTHR H4AOTHR H5AOTHR H6AOTHR H7AOTHR H8AOTHR H9AOTHR

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

8264.251 6478.562 7279.548 8543.070 8992.313 8979.733 12551.421 15016.649 16219.268

57607.364 32607.470 48177.905 86113.535 66487.538 63879.204 102654.117 264627.552 262658.608

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3000000.000 1000000.000 2000000.000 6000000.000 3155000.000 3000000.000 5000000.000 20000000.000 20000000.000

H1AFOTHR H2AFOTHR H3AFOTHR H4AFOTHR H5AFOTHR H6AFOTHR H7AFOTHR H8AFOTHR H9AFOTHR

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.339 5.221 5.343 5.413 5.388 5.436 5.297 5.323 5.329

1.704 1.853 1.722 1.661 1.667 1.599 1.750 1.720 1.718

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFOTHR H2AFOTHR H3AFOTHR H4AFOTHR H5AFOTHR H6AFOTHR H7AFOTHR H8AFOTHR H9AFOTHR 1.continuous value | 1427 2707 2124 2234 2092 1843 2481 2237 2047 2.complete bracket | 303 585 400 509 475 314 492 366 375 3.incomplete bracket | 22 35 15 27 24 22 25 24 30 4.range card bracket | 110 5.no value/bracket | 126 156 141 183 213 184 312 232 209 6.no asset | 10453 15686 14969 17857 16360 15414 16396 15287 14222 7.DK ownership | 116 296 216 403 291 345 334 258 259

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp

|

551

95

177

126

171

124

45

89

65

75

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed net value of all other savings is assigned to RwAOTHR. The RwAFOTHR variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The net value of all other savings is asked at each wave. The question wording is slightly different across waves and the unfolding brackets questions vary. Two questions reveal whether the respondent owns any other savings funds and if so, the value of them: In Wave 1, the questions ask: a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any other savings or assets, such as money owed to you by others, a valuable collection for investment purposes, an annuity, or rights in a trust or estate that you haven't already told me about? b) If you sold all that and then paid off any debts on it, about how much would you have? In Wave 2, the wording to the initial question changes slightly: a) Do you (or your (husband/wife/partner)) have any other savings or assets, such as jewelry, money owed to you by others, a collection for investment purposes, or an annuity that you haven't already told me about? Beginning in Wave 3, the initial question combines the wording found in Waves 1 and 2: a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any other savings or assets, such as jewelry, money owed to you by others, a collection for investment purposes, rights in a trust or estate where you are the beneficiary, or an annuity that you haven't already told me about? [EXCLUDE THE CASH VALUE OF ANY LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES.] In all waves, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts and entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, range card brackets may be coded instead of unfolding brackets.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15233 V15234 V5233 V5234 V5235 AHEAD 1993: B1782 B1783 B1783C

M18:OTHER SAVINGS/AS:IND M19:$ VAL OF SAV/ASS:IND M18:OTHER SAVINGS/AS:IMP M19:$ VAL OF SAV/ASS:IMP M19:ORIGINAL BRACKETS K21. OTHER ASSETS: ANY K22. OTH ASSETS: NET VALUE CATEG: K22. OTH ASSETS: NET VALUE

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

HRS 1994: W15523 W15524 W5523 W5524 W5525 AHEAD 1995: D4512 D4513 D4514B HRS 1996: E4513 E4514 E4515B HRS 1998: F5273 F5274 F5275B HRS 2000: G5694 G5695 G5696 G5697 G5698 G5699 G5700 HRS 2002: HQ375 HQ376 HQ377 HQ378 HQ379 HRS 2004: JQ375 JQ376 JQ377 JQ378 JQ379 HRS 2006: KQ375 KQ376 KQ377 KQ378 KQ379 HRS 2008: LQ375 LQ376 LQ377 LQ378 LQ379

552

K17. Imputation Indicato K18. Imputation Indicato K17.OTHER SAVINGS/ASSETS K18.VALUE OF OTHER SAVIN K18a-K18c. Brackets J52.OTHER ASSETS J53.OTHER ASSETS $ J53.OTHER ASSETS $/Bkt J239.OTHER ASSETS J240.OTHER ASSETS $ J240.OTHER ASSETS $/Bkt J239.OTHER ASSETS J240.OTHER ASSETS $ J240.(J53)OTHER ASSETS $-Bkt J239.OTHER ASSETS J240.OTHER ASSETS $ J240A. DK-5K J240Y1A. DK-50000 J240B. DK-100000 J240Y1B. DK-50000 J240D. DK-5000 OTHER OTHER OTHER OTHER OTHER

ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE-RESULT

OTHER OTHER OTHER OTHER OTHER

ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE-RESULT

OTHER OTHER OTHER OTHER OTHER

ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE-RESULT

OTHER OTHER OTHER OTHER OTHER

ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS ASSETS

TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL

VALUE VALUE - MIN VALUE - MAX VALUE-RESULT

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

553

Value of other debt Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ADEBT H2ADEBT H3ADEBT H4ADEBT H5ADEBT H6ADEBT H7ADEBT H8ADEBT H9ADEBT

H1ADEBT:W1 H2ADEBT:W2 H3ADEBT:W3 H4ADEBT:W4 H5ADEBT:W5 H6ADEBT:W6 H7ADEBT:W7 H8ADEBT:W8 H9ADEBT:W9

Assets:Debts Assets:Debts Assets:Debts Assets:Debts Assets:Debts Assets:Debts Assets:Debts Assets:Debts Assets:Debts

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFDEBT H2AFDEBT H3AFDEBT H4AFDEBT H5AFDEBT H6AFDEBT H7AFDEBT H8AFDEBT H9AFDEBT

H1AFDEBT:W1 H2AFDEBT:W2 H3AFDEBT:W3 H4AFDEBT:W4 H5AFDEBT:W5 H6AFDEBT:W6 H7AFDEBT:W7 H8AFDEBT:W8 H9AFDEBT:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

[not [not [not [not [not [not [not [not [not

yet yet yet yet yet yet yet yet yet

asked] asked] asked] asked] asked] asked] asked] asked] asked]

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Flag:Debts Flag:Debts Flag:Debts Flag:Debts Flag:Debts Flag:Debts Flag:Debts Flag:Debts Flag:Debts

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1ADEBT H2ADEBT H3ADEBT H4ADEBT H5ADEBT H6ADEBT H7ADEBT H8ADEBT H9ADEBT

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

3163.358 2175.578 2356.909 3492.074 2617.150 2737.286 3676.553 3830.432 4176.967

19098.551 10937.684 12710.943 67413.616 14464.054 16729.870 31808.721 30428.839 30540.756

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

900000.000 500000.000 500000.000 6666733.000 700000.000 800000.000 2400000.000 2200000.000 1900000.000

H1AFDEBT H2AFDEBT H3AFDEBT H4AFDEBT H5AFDEBT H6AFDEBT H7AFDEBT H8AFDEBT H9AFDEBT

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

4.251 4.718 4.761 4.818 4.753 4.896 4.669 4.648 4.591

2.410 2.218 2.176 2.149 2.182 2.075 2.212 2.220 2.257

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFDEBT H2AFDEBT H3AFDEBT H4AFDEBT H5AFDEBT H6AFDEBT H7AFDEBT H8AFDEBT H9AFDEBT 1.continuous value | 4400 4726 4106 4627 4565 3694 4925 4634 4586 2.complete bracket | 544 539 671 479 429 596 483 364 3.incomplete bracket | 14 11 28 39 28 28 25 41 4.range card bracket | 189 5.no value/bracket | 292 93 122 163 168 217 220 205 198 6.no asset | 7415 13859 12914 15443 13974 13466 14025 12844 11737 7.DK ownership | 261 229 173 281 230 288 246 213 216

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp

|

554

95

177

126

171

124

45

89

65

75

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed value of debt is assigned to RwADEBT. The RwAFDEBT variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The value of other debt is asked at each wave. The question wording is the same at all waves but the unfolding brackets questions vary. Two questions reveal whether the respondent has any other debt and if so, the value of it: a) And do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] have any debts that we haven't asked about, such as credit card balances, medical debts, life insurance policy loans, loans from relatives, and so forth? b) About how much would that amount to? From Wave 2 forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket ranges and entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, no unfolding bracket questions are asked, but range card brackets may be coded if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15237 V15238 V5237 V5238 AHEAD 1993: B1787 B1788 B1788C HRS 1994: W15526 W15527 W5526 W5527 W5528 AHEAD 1995: D4725 D4726 D4727B HRS 1996: E4726 E4727 E4728B HRS 1998:

M20:OTHR_DBTS_Y/N_NE:IND M20A:OTHER_DEBTS_$_N:IND M20:OTHR_DBTS_Y/N_NE:IMP M20A:OTHER_DEBTS_$_N:IMP K23. DEBTS: ANY K24. DEBTS: TOTAL $ CATEG: K24. DEBTS: TOTAL $ K19. Imputation Indicato K20. Imputation Indicato K19.OTHER DEBTS K20.AMOUNT OF OTHER DEBT K20a-K20c. Brackets J81.DEBTS J82.DEBTS $ J82.DEBTS $/Bkt J302.DEBTS J303.DEBTS $ J303.DEBTS $/Bkt

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

F5486 F5487 F5488B 2000: G5846 G5847 G5848 G5849 G5850 G5851 G5852 2002: HQ477 HQ478 HQ479 HQ480 HQ481 2004: JQ477 JQ478 JQ479 JQ480 JQ481 2006: KQ477 KQ478 KQ479 KQ480 KQ481 2008: LQ477 LQ478 LQ479 LQ480 LQ481

J302.DEBTS J303.DEBTS $ J303.(J82)DEBTS $-Bkt J302.DEBTS J303.DEBTS $ J303A. DK-500 J303Y1A. DK-5000 J303B. DK-50000 J303Y1B. DK-5000 J303D. DK-500 R OR SP ANY DEBTS NOT ASKED ABOUT BEFORE R OR SP DEBTS AMOUNT DEBTS AMOUNT - MIN DEBTS AMOUNT - MAX DEBTS AMOUNT - RESULT R OR SP ANY DEBTS NOT ASKED ABOUT BEFORE R OR SP DEBTS AMOUNT DEBTS AMOUNT - MIN DEBTS AMOUNT - MAX DEBTS AMOUNT - RESULT R OR SP ANY DEBTS NOT ASKED ABOUT BEFORE R OR SP DEBTS AMOUNT DEBTS AMOUNT - MIN DEBTS AMOUNT - MAX DEBTS AMOUNT - RESULT R OR SP ANY DEBTS NOT ASKED ABOUT BEFORE R OR SP DEBTS AMOUNT DEBTS AMOUNT - MIN DEBTS AMOUNT - MAX DEBTS AMOUNT - RESULT

555

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

556

Value of primary residence Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AHOUS H2AHOUS H3AHOUS H4AHOUS H5AHOUS H6AHOUS H7AHOUS H8AHOUS H9AHOUS

H1AHOUS:W1 H2AHOUS:W2 H3AHOUS:W3 H4AHOUS:W4 H5AHOUS:W5 H6AHOUS:W6 H7AHOUS:W7 H8AHOUS:W8 H9AHOUS:W9

Assets:Primary Assets:Primary Assets:Primary Assets:Primary Assets:Primary Assets:Primary Assets:Primary Assets:Primary Assets:Primary

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFHOUS H2AFHOUS H3AFHOUS H4AFHOUS H5AFHOUS H6AFHOUS H7AFHOUS H8AFHOUS H9AFHOUS

H1AFHOUS:W1 H2AFHOUS:W2 H3AFHOUS:W3 H4AFHOUS:W4 H5AFHOUS:W5 H6AFHOUS:W6 H7AFHOUS:W7 H8AFHOUS:W8 H9AFHOUS:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence

Flag:Primary Flag:Primary Flag:Primary Flag:Primary Flag:Primary Flag:Primary Flag:Primary Flag:Primary Flag:Primary

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1AHOUS H2AHOUS H3AHOUS H4AHOUS H5AHOUS H6AHOUS H7AHOUS H8AHOUS H9AHOUS

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

86145.370 84165.437 88889.721 100020.595 112976.433 129401.063 164354.171 205847.421 206682.407

98840.281 122857.937 114467.276 249339.483 247751.315 181010.337 393771.954 774852.726 627894.895

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1400000.000 5000000.000 5000000.000 20000000.000 14000000.000 10000000.000 25000000.000 80000000.000 35000000.000

H1AFHOUS H2AFHOUS H3AFHOUS H4AFHOUS H5AFHOUS H6AFHOUS H7AFHOUS H8AFHOUS H9AFHOUS

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

2.163 2.276 2.217 2.228 2.208 2.235 2.248 2.243 2.267

2.112 2.140 2.088 2.104 2.087 2.091 2.089 2.085 2.093

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFHOUS H2AFHOUS H3AFHOUS H4AFHOUS H5AFHOUS H6AFHOUS H7AFHOUS H8AFHOUS H9AFHOUS 1.continuous value | 9635 13301 12409 14726 13667 12565 13718 12647 11568 2.complete bracket | 1701 1495 1747 1406 1307 1633 1432 1489 3.incomplete bracket | 88 51 88 130 105 117 118 157 4.range card bracket | 178 5.no value/bracket | 315 175 239 337 328 342 325 256 249 6.no asset | 2419 4128 3671 4257 3859 3611 4190 3936 3643 7.DK ownership | 10 72 11 59 67 197 79 26 44

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp

|

557

95

177

115

170

122

40

67

54

67

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed value of the respondent's primary residence is assigned to RwAHOUS. The RwAFHOUS variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary. From Wave 3 forward, to determine ownership of a primary residence we look at responses to questions about whether the person is in a nursing home, and if so, whether they own a home outside of the nursing home. In Waves 5-8, we found a discrepancy between what was reported on these questions, and what was listed on the tracker file, that is – some individuals said that they were in a nursing home (and did not own a home outside of the nursing home), but the tracker file said they were not in a nursing home. We considered the information from tracker to be most accurate. Therefore, RwAFHOUS will be set to “DK ownership” for these cases. [See Appendix A for a description of how many cases were affected by this change.]

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The value of the primary residence is asked at each wave. Questions reveal whether the respondent owns his/her primary residence and if so, the value of it. In all waves, there are several places that questions ask the respondent about ownership of the residence and its value, depending on the type of home, e.g., a farm or ranch, mobile home, condominium, etc. In Wave 1 the questions are asked in several places, all slightly different: 1a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] own this (farm/ranch), do you own part of it, do you rent it, is it owned by a business, or what? 1b) Could you tell me the present value of this house and the immediately surrounding land? I mean, about what would it bring if it were sold today? would it bring if it were sold today? 2a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] own both this mobile home and site or lot, do you own only the mobile home, do you own only the site, do you rent both the home and site, or what? 2b) Could you tell me the present value of this mobile home (and site)? it bring if it were sold today?

I mean, about what would

3a) Do you [and your (husband/wife/partner)] own this (house and lot/apartment), do you rent, or what? 3b) What is the present value of this (home and land/apartment/property)? it bring if it were sold today?

I mean, about what would

In Waves 2 and 3 the ownership questions are slightly different and all branch to one value question: 1a) Do you [and your (husband/wife/partner)] own your home, rent it, or what?

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

558

2a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] own this (farm/ranch), do you own part of it, do you rent it, or what? 3a) Do you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] own both the mobile home and site, do you own only the home, do you rent both the home and site, or what? b) What is its present value?

I mean, about what would it bring if it were sold today?

Beginning in Wave 4, the question wordings are the same but the question on mobile home value is a separate one from the value of a house or farm, and the unfolding brackets differ for the two types of property. From Wave 2 forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, no unfolding bracket questions are asked, but range card brackets may be coded if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value. In Waves 6 and 8, some mobile home owners who did not report values were directed to the house value and subsequent bracket questions (if needed), which are different from those for mobile homes. Here, we imputed missing values using whichever series of brackets they were given. There were also come cases in Wave 6 where values were given for both the mobile home and house questions. After examining the quality of the data in these cases, we decided that using the highest value was most appropriate.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10605 V10612 V10616 V10619 V10632 V10640 V10701 V10712 V603 V605 V612 V616 V619 V632 V640 V701 V712 AHEAD 1993: B1067 B1087 B1088 B1091 B1099 B1099C HRS 1994: W607 W609 W611 W613 W614 W615 AHEAD 1995: D2225 D2226 D2229 D2246

D2A:VALUE_OF_PROPERT:IND D5:FRM_VAL:HOUSE LAN:IND D8:MBL_HM/SITE/BOTH :IND 8B:MBL_HM_SITE:VALUE:IND D10:OWN_MBL_HM:VALUE:IND D15:OWN_HM SITE:VALU:IND D17:OWN/RENT:LOT/ETC:IND D20:VALUE_OF_PROPERT:IND D2:OWN RANCH/FARM D2A:VALUE OF PROPERT:IMP D5:FRM:VALUE-HOUSE/L:IMP D8:OWN MBL HM/SITE/B:IMP D8B:MH SITE:$VAL OF :IMP D10:OWN MBL HM: VALU:IMP D15:OWN HM SITE:$V:IMP D17:LOT/APRTMNT:OWN/:IMP D20:VALUE-R'S PROPER:IMP F10. MOBILE HOME & SITE: OWN/RENT F23. OWN OR RENT FARM/RANCH? F23a. OWN FARMHOUSE? F25. OWN OR RENT HOME/APT? F26. VALUE OF HOME AND LAND CATEG: F26. VALUE OF HOME AND LAND D3.OWN OR RENT CURRENT H D4.OWN PART/ALL OR RENT D4b.OWN HOUSE AND SURROU D5.OWN/RENT MOBILE HOME/ D6.PRESENT VALUE OF MOBI D6a-D6d. Brackets F2.TYPE HOME F3.OWN-RENT HOME F4.OWN FARM F6.HOME VALUE $

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

D2247B HRS 1996: E2225 E2226 E2229 E2246 E2247B HRS 1998: F2742 F2743 F2746 F2751 F2753 F2754B F2760 F2761B HRS 2000: G3060 G3061 G3064 G3069 G3071 G3072 G3073 G3074 G3075 G3078 G3079 G3080 G3081 G3082 G3083 G3084 HRS 2002: HH002 HH004 HH008 HH014 HH016 HH017 HH018 HH019 HH020 HH021 HH022 HH023 HRS 2004: JH002 JH004 JH008 JH014 JH016 JH020 HRS 2006: KH002 KH004 KH008 KH014 KH016 KH020 HRS 2008: LH002 LH004

F6.HOME VALUE $/Bkt F2.TYPE HOME F3.OWN-RENT HOME F4.OWN FARM F6.HOME VALUE $ F6.HOME VALUE $/Bkt F2.TYPE HOME F3.OWN-RENT HOME F4.OWN FARM F5.OWN MOBILE HOME AND SITE F5B.MOBILE HOME VALUE $ F5B.MOBILE HOME VALUE $-Bkt F6.HOME VALUE $ F6.HOME VALUE $-Bkt F2.TYPE HOME F3.OWN-RENT HOME F4.OWN FARM F5.OWN MOBILE HOME-SITE F5B.MOBILE HOME VALUE $ F5C.F5 DK-1 F5D.F5 DK-2 F5E.F5 DK-3 F5F.F5 DK-4 F6.HOME VALUE $ F6DX.F6 DK-4 F6A.F6 DK-1 F6B.F6 DK-2 F6C.F6 DK-3 F6AX.F6 DK-1 F6D.F6 DK-4 TYPE HOME OWN-RENT HOME OWN PART OR ALL/RENT FARM OWN MOBILE HOME/SITE MOBILE HOME PRESENT VALUE MOBILE HOME PRESENT VALUE- MIN MOBILE HOME PRESENT VALUE- MAX MOBILE HOME PRESENT VALUE- RESULT HOME PRESENT VALUE HOME PRESENT VALUE- MIN HOME PRESENT VALUE- MAX HOME PRESENT VALUE- RESULT TYPE HOME OWN-RENT HOME OWN PART OR ALL/RENT FARM OWN MOBILE HOME/SITE MOBILE HOME PRESENT VALUE HOME PRESENT VALUE TYPE HOME OWN-RENT HOME OWN PART OR ALL/RENT FARM OWN MOBILE HOME/SITE MOBILE HOME PRESENT VALUE HOME PRESENT VALUE TYPE HOME OWN-RENT HOME

559

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

LH008 LH014 LH016 LH020 Tracker: GNURSHM HNURSHM JNURSHM KNURSHM LNURSHM

560

OWN PART OR ALL/RENT FARM OWN MOBILE HOME/SITE MOBILE HOME PRESENT VALUE HOME PRESENT VALUE 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

NURSING NURSING NURSING NURSING NURSING

HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME

STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

561

Value of all mortgages (primary residence) Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AMORT H2AMORT H3AMORT H4AMORT H5AMORT H6AMORT H7AMORT H8AMORT H9AMORT

H1AMORT:W1 H2AMORT:W2 H3AMORT:W3 H4AMORT:W4 H5AMORT:W5 H6AMORT:W6 H7AMORT:W7 H8AMORT:W8 H9AMORT:W9

Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFMORT H2AFMORT H3AFMORT H4AFMORT H5AFMORT H6AFMORT H7AFMORT H8AFMORT H9AFMORT

H1AFMORT:W1 H2AFMORT:W2 H3AFMORT:W3 H4AFMORT:W4 H5AFMORT:W5 H6AFMORT:W6 H7AFMORT:W7 H8AFMORT:W8 H9AFMORT:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage

Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage Mortgage

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1AMORT H2AMORT H3AMORT H4AMORT H5AMORT H6AMORT H7AMORT H8AMORT H9AMORT

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

20432.252 14508.240 14150.401 17632.364 19201.197 20950.271 29595.858 33487.756 34509.112

42409.005 71671.152 37956.258 43746.258 47592.613 53317.889 67242.417 86402.097 87233.709

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1070000.000 6000000.000 1000000.000 1000000.000 1200000.000 930000.000 1300000.000 3000000.000 3000000.000

H1AFMORT H2AFMORT H3AFMORT H4AFMORT H5AFMORT H6AFMORT H7AFMORT H8AFMORT H9AFMORT

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

4.054 4.672 4.739 4.650 4.631 4.744 4.542 4.578 4.633

3.745 2.319 2.199 2.265 2.320 2.197 2.273 2.271 2.262

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

57.000 57.000 21.000 21.000 52.000 21.000 21.000 25.000 25.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFMORT H2AFMORT H3AFMORT H4AFMORT H5AFMORT H6AFMORT H7AFMORT H8AFMORT H9AFMORT 1.continuous value | 5340 5057 4239 5410 5004 4294 5470 4901 4414 2.complete bracket | 361 473 572 524 402 511 450 395 3.incomplete bracket | 20 9 31 42 21 29 37 40 4.range card bracket | 44 5.no value/bracket | 318 215 122 197 222 230 307 243 214 6.no asset | 6725 13649 12893 14903 13544 12867 13553 12679 11978 7.DK ownership | 52 144 133 85 114 302 188 93 97

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

9.no Fin Resp 12.cont/cmpbkt 13.cont/incbkt 15.cont/no bkt 17.cont/dk own 21.cmpbkt/cont 25.cmpbkt/no bkt 51.no bkt/cont 52.no bkt/cmpbkt 57.no bkt/dk own

| | | | | | | | | |

562

95

177 4

115 3

170 6

25 19

10 3

2

2

2

8

4

1

30

1

122 2

40 2

67 2

54 3 2 2

67 5

2

3 2

3 4

4 2

5

1 2

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed value of all mortgages is assigned to RwAMORT. The RwAFMORT variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary. Both a 1st and 2nd mortgage can be reported in the data.

RwAMORT sums the 1st and 2nd mortgages.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The values of first and second mortgages are asked at each wave. Questions reveal whether the respondent has a first and second mortgage and if so, the value of them. In Wave 1, the questions ask: a) Is there a mortgage or land contract on this (home and land/apartment/ property)? [NOTE: If R asks, do not include home equity loans or lines of credit] b) How much is still owed on this loan? c) In addition to your (mortgage/land contract) do you have a second mortgage or a land contract on this property? (Please do not include any home equity lines of credit.) d) How much is still owed on this loan? In Wave 2A, the questions ask: a) Are you paying anything on a mortgage or other loan on [this property]? b) About how much do you still owe on this mortgage or loan? c) In addition to your mortgage or loan do you have a second mortgage or a land contract on this property? d) About how much do you still owe on that loan? Beginning in Wave 2H, the ownership questions cover 1st mortgage, 2nd mortgage and other loans. Up to 3 loans may be specified: a) Do you have a mortgage, land contract, second mortgage or any other loan that uses the property as collateral? Please do not include any home equity lines of credit.

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

563

Beginning in Wave 9, a qualifying statement was added to this question, which says “Do not include reverse mortgages.” b) [If 1st mortgage] About how much do you still owe on that mortgage or land contract? c) [If 2nd mortgage] About how much do you still owe on that second mortgage? From Wave 2H forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, no unfolding bracket questions are asked, but range card brackets may be coded if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10722 V10723 V10729 V10730 V722 V723 V729 V730 AHEAD 1993: B1067 B1087 B1088 B1091 B1121 B1126 B1127 B1131 HRS 1994: W10616 W10617 W10622 W10626 W616 W617 W622 W623 W626 W627 AHEAD 1995: D2251M1 D2251M2 D2256 D2257B D2263 D2264B HRS 1996: E2251M1 E2251M2 E2251M3 E2256 E2257B E2263 E2264B HRS 1998: F2768M1 F2768M1 F2768M2

D25:MORTGAG/LNLCNTRC:IND D26:1ST_MORT:$STILOW:IND D30:2ND_MORT/LNDCNTC:IND D26:2ND_LOAN:$_OWED :IND D25:MORTGAGE/LND CON:IMP D26:1ST MORT:$STILL :IMP D30:2ND MORT/LND CON:IMP D26:2ND LOAN:$STILL :IMP F10. MOBILE HOME & SITE: OWN/RENT F23. OWN OR RENT FARM/RANCH? F23a. OWN FARMHOUSE? F25. OWN OR RENT HOME/APT? F30. MORTGAGE ON HOME F34. AMOUNT STILL OWE ON MORTGAGE F35. SECOND MORTGAGE? F36. AMOUNT STILL OWE ON SECOND MORTGAGE D7/1. Imputation indicat D7/2.. Imputation indica D7d. Imputation indicato D9c. Imputation indicato D7.MORTGAGE OR LAND CONT D7.MORTGAGE OR LAND CONT D7d.STILL OWE ON MORTGAG D7d1-D7d3. Brackets D9c.STILL OWE ON SECOND D9c1-D9c3. Brackets F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7D.$ OWN ON MORTGAGE F7D.$ OWN ON MORTGAGE/Bkt F9C.$ OWN ON 2ND MORTGAGE F9C.$ OWN ON 2ND MORTGAGE/Bkt F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7D.$ OWE ON MORTGAGE F7D.$ OWE ON MORTGAGE/Bkt F9C.$ OWE ON 2ND MORTGAGE F9C.$ OWE ON 2ND MORTGAGE/Bkt F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

F2768M2 F2773 F2774B F2780 F2781B 2000: G3086M1 G3086M1 G3086M2 G3086M2 G3091 G3092 G3093 G3094 G3098 G3099 G3100 G3101 2002: HH024M1 HH024M1 HH024M2 HH024M2 HH024M3 HH024M3 HH032 HH033 HH034 HH035 HH042 HH043 HH044 HH045 2004: JH024M1 JH024M1 JH024M2 JH024M2 JH024M3 JH024M3 JH032 JH042 2006: KH024M1 KH024M1 KH024M2 KH024M2 KH024M3 KH024M3 KH032 KH042 2008: LH024M1 LH024M1 LH024M2 LH024M2 LH024M3 LH024M3 LH032 LH042

F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7D.$ OWE ON MORTGAGE F7D.$ OWE ON MORTGAGE-Bkt F9C.$ OWN ON 2ND MORTGAGE F9C.$ OWN ON 2ND MORTGAGE-Bkt F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7D.$ OWE ON MORTGAGE F7E. F7E DK-1 F7F. F7E DK-2 F7Y1F. F7E DK-3 F9C.$ OWE ON 2ND MORTGAGE F9D. F9C DK-1 F9E. F9C DK-2 F9F. F9C DK-3 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL HOW MUCH IS STILL OWED ON MORTGAGE HOW MUCH IS STILL OWED ON MORTGAGE- MIN HOW MUCH IS STILL OWED ON MORTGAGE- MAX HOW MUCH STILL OWED ON MORTGAGE- RESULT MONEY OWED ON 2ND PROPERTY LOAN MONEY OWED ON 2ND PROPERTY LOAN- MIN MONEY OWED ON 2ND PROPERTY LOAN- MAX MONEY OWED ON 2ND PROPERTY LOAN- RESULT LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-1 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-1 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-2 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-2 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-3 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-3 HOW MUCH IS STILL OWED ON MORTGAGE MONEY OWED ON 2ND PROPERTY LOAN LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-1 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-1 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-2 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-2 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-3 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-3 HOW MUCH IS STILL OWED ON MORTGAGE MONEY OWED ON 2ND PROPERTY LOAN LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-1 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-1 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-2 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-2 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-3 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-3 HOW MUCH IS STILL OWED ON MORTGAGE MONEY OWED ON 2ND PROPERTY LOAN

564

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

565

Value of other home loans (primary residence) Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AHMLN H2AHMLN H3AHMLN H4AHMLN H5AHMLN H6AHMLN H7AHMLN H8AHMLN H9AHMLN

H1AHMLN:W1 H2AHMLN:W2 H3AHMLN:W3 H4AHMLN:W4 H5AHMLN:W5 H6AHMLN:W6 H7AHMLN:W7 H8AHMLN:W8 H9AHMLN:W9

Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total Assets:Total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFHMLN H2AFHMLN H3AFHMLN H4AFHMLN H5AFHMLN H6AFHMLN H7AFHMLN H8AFHMLN H9AFHMLN

H1AFHMLN:W1 H2AFHMLN:W2 H3AFHMLN:W3 H4AFHMLN:W4 H5AFHMLN:W5 H6AFHMLN:W6 H7AFHMLN:W7 H8AFHMLN:W8 H9AFHMLN:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Othr Othr Othr Othr Othr Othr Othr Othr Othr

Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total Flag:Total

Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home

Oth Oth Oth Oth Oth Oth Oth Oth Oth

Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans

Hm Hm Hm Hm Hm Hm Hm Hm Hm

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1AHMLN H2AHMLN H3AHMLN H4AHMLN H5AHMLN H6AHMLN H7AHMLN H8AHMLN H9AHMLN

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

3194.831 1282.339 1540.596 1727.342 1742.931 2115.874 3448.938 4234.823 3832.416

47103.160 8430.244 8957.130 10704.531 10263.333 11981.213 18792.330 35453.623 21627.398

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3500000.000 300000.000 250000.000 500000.000 385000.000 500000.000 700000.000 2500000.000 1000000.000

H1AFHMLN H2AFHMLN H3AFHMLN H4AFHMLN H5AFHMLN H6AFHMLN H7AFHMLN H8AFHMLN H9AFHMLN

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.732 3.839 5.708 5.696 5.723 5.683 5.588 5.564 5.584

3.515 6.954 1.529 1.473 1.468 1.478 1.803 1.651 1.689

1.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

71.000 90.000 71.000 71.000 57.000 71.000 75.000 71.000 57.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFHMLN H2AFHMLN H3AFHMLN H4AFHMLN H5AFHMLN H6AFHMLN H7AFHMLN H8AFHMLN H9AFHMLN 0.no hmln/no EqLOC asked | 8010 1.continuous value | 1187 1037 1186 1460 1251 1240 1775 1676 1540 2.complete bracket | 12 21 8 53 80 61 39 3.incomplete bracket | 1 14 10 16 16 4.range card bracket | 11 5.no value/bracket | 61 82 66 94 102 49 72 54 47 6.no asset | 10942 10073 16401 19375 17769 16295 17733 16305 15209

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

7.DK ownership 9.no Fin Resp 10.cont/no EqLOC asked 12.cont/cmpbkt 15.cont/no bkt 17.cont/dk own 21.cmpbkt/cont 25.cmpbkt/no bkt 27.cmpbkt/dk own 50.no bkt/no EqLOC asked 51.no bkt/cont 57.no bkt/dk own 70.dk own/no EqLOC asked 71.dk own/cont 75.dk own/no bkt 90.no FinR/no EqLOC asked

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

566

323 95

102 124 68

206 115

255 170

316 122

473 40

381 67

296 54

288 67 1

2 3 1 1 6

2 1 3 2

1

1

12 2

1 2 2

3

2

1 4

3

1

2

3

4

79 27

1

2

2

2 1

2

53

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed value of all other home loans is assigned to RwAHMLN. The RwAFHMLN variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary. RwAHMLN sums the outstanding balances of all "other" loans and home equity line of credit.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The values of home loans other than first and second mortgages are asked at each wave. reveal whether the respondent has any other home loans and if so, the value of them.

Questions

In Wave 1, questions ask about home equity loans and lines of credit, separately: 1a) Do you have any (other) loans that use this property as collateral? (Please do not include any home equity lines of credit.) 1b) How much is still owed on this loan? 2a) Do you currently have a loan against this line of credit? 2b) How much is currently owed? In Wave 2A, one question is asked about other loans: 1a) Do you have any (other) loans that use this property as collateral? 1b) About how much is still owed on this loan? Beginning in Wave 2H, the ownership questions cover 1st mortgage, 2nd mortgage and other loans. Up to 3 loans may be specified: 1a) Do you have a mortgage, land contract, second mortgage or any other loan that uses the property as collateral? Please do not include any home equity lines of credit.

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

567

1b) About how much do you still owe on that loan? As in Wave 1, the respondent is asked about a home equity line of credit separately: 2a) Do you currently have a loan against this line of credit? 2b) About how much is currently owed? From Wave 3 forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value of home equity loans, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket ranges and entry points are the same across waves. In Wave 6, unfolding bracket questions are asked for the value of a home equity line of credit. In Wave 1 range card brackets may be coded if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10735 V10736 V10743 V10744 V735 V736 V743 V744 AHEAD 1993: B1067 B1087 B1088 B1091 B1132 B1135 HRS 1994: W10631 W10634 W10635 W616 W617 W618 W631 W634 W635 AHEAD 1995: D2251M1 D2251M2 D2270 D2271B D2276 D2277 HRS 1996: E2251M1 E2251M2 E2251M3 E2270 E2271B E2276 E2277 HRS 1998: F2768M1 F2768M2 F2787 F2788B F2793

D31:ANY_OTHER_LOANS :IND D26:HM_EQTY_LOAN_$OW:IND D32B:LOAN_AGNST_CRDI:IND D32C:$_CURRENTLY_OWE:IND D31:ANY OTHER LOANS :IMP D26:HM EQ LN-$ STILL:IMP D32B:LOAN AGNST CRDI:IMP D32C:$ CURRENTLY OWE:IMP F10. MOBILE HOME & SITE: OWN/RENT F23. OWN OR RENT FARM/RANCH? F23a. OWN FARMHOUSE? F25. OWN OR RENT HOME/APT? F37. OTH LOANS W/ PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL F37c. AMOUNT STILL OWE OTHER LOAN D10c. Imputation indicat D11b. Imputation indicat D11c. Imputation indicat D7.MORTGAGE OR LAND CONT D7.MORTGAGE OR LAND CONT D7.MORTGAGE OR LAND CONT D10c.STILL OWE ON LOAN D11b.LOAN AGAINST LINE O D11c.AMOUNT CURRENTLY OW F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F10E.$ OWN ON LOAN F10E.$ OWN ON LOAN/Bkt F11B.EQUITY LOAN NOW F11C.$ OWED EQUITY LOAD F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F10E.$ OWE ON LOAN F10E.$ OWE ON LOAN/Bkt F11B.EQUITY LOAN NOW F11C.$ OWED EQUITY LOAD F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F10E.$ OWN ON LOAN F10E.$ OWN ON LOAN-Bkt F11B.EQUITY LOAN NOW

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

F2794 HRS 2000: G3086M1 G3086M2 G3105 G3106 G3107 G3108 G3111 G3112 HRS 2002: HH024M1 HH024M2 HH024M3 HH052 HH053 HH054 HH055 HH061 HH062 HH063 HH064 HH065 HRS 2004: JH024M1 JH024M2 JH024M3 JH052 JH061 JH062 HRS 2006: KH024M1 KH024M2 KH024M3 KH052 KH061 KH062 HRS 2008: LH024M1 LH024M2 LH024M3 LH052 LH061 LH062

F11C.$ OWED EQUITY LOAD F7.HOME MORTGAGE F7.HOME MORTGAGE F10E.$ OWE ON LOAN F10B.F10A DK-1 F10C. F10A DK-2 F10D. F10A DK-3 F11B.EQUITY LOAN NOW F11C.$ OWED EQUITY LOAD LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL MONEY OWE ON OTHER LOAN MONEY OWE ON OTHER LOAN- MIN MONEY OWE ON OTHER LOAN- MAX MONEY OWE ON OTHER LOAN- RESULT EQUITY LOAN NOW MONEY OWED EQUITY LOAN MONEY OWED EQUITY LOAN- MIN MONEY OWED EQUITY LOAN- MAX MONEY OWED EQUITY LOAN- RESULT LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-1 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-2 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-3 MONEY OWE ON OTHER LOAN EQUITY LOAN NOW MONEY OWED EQUITY LOAN LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-1 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-2 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-3 MONEY OWE ON OTHER LOAN EQUITY LOAN NOW MONEY OWED EQUITY LOAN LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-1 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-2 LOAN-WITH PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL-3 MONEY OWE ON OTHER LOAN EQUITY LOAN NOW MONEY OWED EQUITY LOAN

568

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

569

Net value of primary residence Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ATOTH H2ATOTH H3ATOTH H4ATOTH H5ATOTH H6ATOTH H7ATOTH H8ATOTH H9ATOTH

Label

Type

H1ATOTH:W1 H2ATOTH:W2 H3ATOTH:W3 H4ATOTH:W4 H5ATOTH:W5 H6ATOTH:W6 H7ATOTH:W7 H8ATOTH:W8 H9ATOTH:W9

Net Net Net Net Net Net Net Net Net

Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value

of of of of of of of of of

House House House House House House House House House

/prim /prim /prim /prim /prim /prim /prim /prim /prim

res res res res res res res res res

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable H1ATOTH H2ATOTH H3ATOTH H4ATOTH H5ATOTH H6ATOTH H7ATOTH H8ATOTH H9ATOTH

N 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

Mean 62518.287 68374.858 73198.724 80660.889 92032.306 106334.918 131309.375 168124.842 168340.880

Std Dev 93040.088 124731.755 104733.503 242640.328 239045.961 167361.931 374850.041 758521.237 606330.190

Minimum -3350000.000 -5040000.000 -550000.000 -740000.000 -670000.000 -500000.000 -676728.523 -2528000.000 -728667.866

Maximum 1335000.000 5000000.000 5000000.000 19900000.000 13941000.000 9940000.000 24000000.000 79500000.000 34500000.000

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The net value of housing is calculated as house value less mortgages and home loans: HwAHOUS - HwAMORT - HwAHMLN

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

570

Value of secondary residence Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AHOUB H2AHOUB H4AHOUB H5AHOUB H6AHOUB H7AHOUB H8AHOUB H9AHOUB

H1AHOUB:W1 H2AHOUB:W2 H4AHOUB:W4 H5AHOUB:W5 H6AHOUB:W6 H7AHOUB:W7 H8AHOUB:W8 H9AHOUB:W9

Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd

1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFHOUB H2AFHOUB H4AFHOUB H5AFHOUB H6AFHOUB H7AFHOUB H8AFHOUB H9AFHOUB

H1AFHOUB:W1 H2AFHOUB:W2 H4AFHOUB:W4 H5AFHOUB:W5 H6AFHOUB:W6 H7AFHOUB:W7 H8AFHOUB:W8 H9AFHOUB:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home

Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1AHOUB H2AHOUB H4AHOUB H5AHOUB H6AHOUB H7AHOUB H8AHOUB H9AHOUB

12652 11420 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

14094.643 10957.250 11887.635 13975.386 17232.780 23329.655 28311.429 28699.202

88795.993 49884.291 57640.628 71389.190 85910.108 200664.750 248938.015 207239.823

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

5000000.000 2000000.000 2000000.000 2915898.636 3000000.000 10070000.000 20000000.000 15000000.000

H1AFHOUB H2AFHOUB H4AFHOUB H5AFHOUB H6AFHOUB H7AFHOUB H8AFHOUB H9AFHOUB

12652 11420 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.357 5.396 5.465 5.467 5.462 5.395 5.378 5.345

1.716 1.692 1.596 1.575 1.569 1.630 1.640 1.688

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFHOUB H2AFHOUB Q | 8222 1.continuous value | 1656 1344 2.complete bracket | 118 3.incomplete bracket | 22 4.range card bracket | 26 5.no value/bracket | 114 25 6.no asset | 10734 9769 7.DK ownership | 27 18 9.no Fin Resp | 95 124

H4AFHOUB H5AFHOUB H6AFHOUB H7AFHOUB H8AFHOUB H9AFHOUB 2213 222 6

1957 227 38

1844 194 14

2167 349 25

2034 313 33

2030 286 35

48 18667 58 170

66 17094 75 122

84 15768 223 40

176 17237 108 67

156 15845 34 54

129 14621 49 67

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

571

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed value of the respondent's secondary residence is assigned to RwAHOUB. The RwAFHOUB variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary. From Wave 4 forward, to determine ownership of a secondary residence we look at responses to questions about whether the person is in a nursing home, and if so, whether they own a home outside of the nursing home. In Waves 5-8, we found a discrepancy between what was reported on these questions, and what was listed on the tracker file, that is – some individuals said that they were in a nursing home (and did not own a home outside of the nursing home), but the tracker file said they were not in a nursing home. We considered the information from tracker to be most accurate. Therefore, RwAFHOUB will be set to “DK ownership” for these cases. [See Appendix A for a description of how many cases were affected by this change.] Due to problems with the way information about second residences was collected in Waves 2A and Wave 3, we do not provide these variables for these waves.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The value of the secondary residence is asked at each wave, though in some waves it is problematic. Questions reveal whether the respondent owns his/her secondary residence and if so, the value of it. In Wave 1, the questions about second home ask: 1a). Do you (or your husband/or your wife/or your partner/...) own a second home or condo? [NOTE: Time-share weeks should be included.] 1b). Could you tell me the present value of (your part of) that property -- I mean, about how much would it bring if it were sold today? In Wave 2A, ownership of a secondary residence is asked about within the context of real estate investments, which presents problems not only for determining ownership, but consequently the value of a second residence. In Wave 3, there was a skip pattern error, such that certain households with second homes were not asked the subsequent questions pertaining to these types of residences. Specifically, anyone who reported not living in their second home for at least two months during the year would not have been asked further questions about their second residence. In Wave 2H and from Wave 4 forward, the questions are consistent and the wordings are also the same: 1a). Not including investment property, do you (or your husband/or your wife/or your partner/...) own a second home or condo? 1b). What is its present value? (What is the present value of your part of it?) I mean, about what would it bring if it were sold today?

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

572

From Wave 2 forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, no unfolding bracket questions are asked.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10816 V10824 V816 V824 HRS 1994: W10710 W10718 W710 W717 W719 HRS 1998: F2914 F2950 F2951 F2952 F2953 F2954 F517 F721 HRS 2000: G3232 G3268 G3269 G3270 G3271 G3272 G558 G794 HRS 2002: HA028 HA070 HH151 HH166 HH167 HH168 HH169 HRS 2004: JA028 JA070 JH151 JH166 JH167 JH168 JH169 HRS 2006: KA028 KA070 KH151 KH166 KH167 KH168 KH169 HRS 2008: LA028 LA070 LH151

D39:91-R1-OWN2NDHOME:IND D44:CURR_PROP_PRT_VA:IND D39:OWN 2ND HOME/CON:IMP D44:CURR VALUE:$ :IMP D81. Imputation indicato D87. Imputation indicato D81.OWN SECOND HOME/COND D86.PURCHASE PRICE OF SE D87a-D87d. Brackets F40.OWN 2ND HOME F46F.$ VALUE 2ND HOME F46G.F46F DK.1-2 F46H.F46F DK.2-2 F46J.F46F DK.3-2 F46K.F46F DK.4-2 CS11.R IN NURSING HOME CS26.NURHM: STILL OWN/RENT HOME F40.OWN 2ND HOME F46F.$ VALUE 2ND HOME F46G.F46F DK 1-2 F46H.F46F DK 2-2 F46J.F46F DK 3-2 F46K.F46F DK 4-2 CS11.R IN NURSING HOME CS26.NURHM: STILL OWN/RENT HOME R IN NURSING HOME NH: STILL OWN/RENT HOME OWN SECOND HOME DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME - MINIMUM DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME - MAXIMUM DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME - RESULT R IN NURSING HOME NH: STILL OWN/RENT HOME OWN SECOND HOME DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME - MINIMUM DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME - MAXIMUM DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME - RESULT R IN NURSING HOME NH: STILL OWN/RENT HOME OWN SECOND HOME DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME - MINIMUM DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME - MAXIMUM DOLLAR VALUE SECOND HOME - RESULT R IN NURSING HOME NH: STILL OWN/RENT HOME OWN SECOND HOME

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

LH166 LH167 LH168 LH169 Tracker: GNURSHM HNURSHM JNURSHM KNURSHM LNURSHM

DOLLAR DOLLAR DOLLAR DOLLAR 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE

NURSING NURSING NURSING NURSING NURSING

573

SECOND SECOND SECOND SECOND HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME

HOME HOME - MINIMUM HOME - MAXIMUM HOME - RESULT

STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

574

Value of all mortgages (secondary residence) Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AMRTB H2AMRTB H4AMRTB H5AMRTB H6AMRTB H7AMRTB H8AMRTB H9AMRTB

H1AMRTB:W1 H2AMRTB:W2 H4AMRTB:W4 H5AMRTB:W5 H6AMRTB:W6 H7AMRTB:W7 H8AMRTB:W8 H9AMRTB:W9

Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd Assets:2nd

1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1AFMRTB H2AFMRTB H4AFMRTB H5AFMRTB H6AFMRTB H7AFMRTB H8AFMRTB H9AFMRTB

H1AFMRTB:W1 H2AFMRTB:W2 H4AFMRTB:W4 H5AFMRTB:W5 H6AFMRTB:W6 H7AFMRTB:W7 H8AFMRTB:W8 H9AFMRTB:W9

Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst Asst

Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home

Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd Flag:2nd

Mtg Mtg Mtg Mtg Mtg Mtg Mtg Mtg

Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Mtg Mtg Mtg Mtg Mtg Mtg Mtg Mtg

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1AMRTB H2AMRTB H4AMRTB H5AMRTB H6AMRTB H7AMRTB H8AMRTB H9AMRTB

12652 11420 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

2355.267 2125.900 1636.205 1803.909 1617.097 2242.226 2409.791 2692.433

14145.825 14124.264 14914.859 21629.715 15800.427 22577.900 23342.621 23909.664

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

325000.000 460000.000 520000.000 1100000.000 510000.000 700000.000 815000.000 673908.219

H1AFMRTB H2AFMRTB H4AFMRTB H5AFMRTB H6AFMRTB H7AFMRTB H8AFMRTB H9AFMRTB

12652 11420 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.736 5.810 5.895 5.897 5.909 5.905 5.901 5.900

1.195 1.080 0.846 0.817 0.753 0.756 0.749 0.773

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1AFMRTB H2AFMRTB Q | 8222 1.continuous value | 718 473 2.complete bracket | 44 3.incomplete bracket | 6 4.range card bracket | 14 5.no value/bracket | 51 9 6.no asset | 11736 10734 7.DK ownership | 38 30 9.no Fin Resp | 95 124

H4AFMRTB H5AFMRTB H6AFMRTB H7AFMRTB H8AFMRTB H9AFMRTB 541 24 2

464 28 3

366 41 2

409 44

377 34 3

375 24 2

16 20566 65 170

23 18852 87 122

18 17462 238 40

26 19458 125 67

12 17944 45 54

14 16667 68 67

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

575

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The reported or imputed value of all mortgages is assigned to RwAMRTB. The RwAFMRTB variable indicates if the value is imputed and if so, what level of information is available during the imputation process. A "1.continuous value" indicates that the respondent reports an actual value and no imputation is necessary. Due to problems with the way information about second residences was collected in Waves 2A and Wave 3, we do not provide these variables for these waves.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The value of a second home mortgage is asked at each wave, with the exception of Wave 2A. manner in which the questions are asked varies across waves.

The

In Waves 1 and 2H, the questions about second home mortgage ask: a). Do you owe any money on this property? b). About how much do you owe? In Wave 2A, ownership of a secondary residence is asked about within the context of real estate investments, which presents problems not only for determining ownership, but consequently the values of any mortgages. In Wave 3, there was a skip pattern error, such that certain households with second homes were not asked the subsequent questions pertaining to these types of residences. Specifically, anyone who reported not living in their second home for at least two months during the year would not have been asked further questions about their second residence. Beginning in Wave 4, the questions are consistent. They are also similar to those in Wave 3, the only difference being that all branch to one value question: a). (Taking all mortgages and loans together,) about how much do you owe on your second home? From Wave 2H forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket entry points vary across waves. In Wave 1, no unfolding bracket questions are asked.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V10825 V10826 V825 V826 HRS 1994: W10720 W10721 W720 W721 W722

D45:OWE_MONEY_ON_PRO:IND D45A:AMT_OWE_ON_PROP:IND D45:OWE MONEY ON PRO:IMP D45A:AMT $ OWE ON PR:IMP D88. Imputation indicato D88a. Imputation indicat D88.OWE MONEY ON SECOND D88a.AMOUNT OWED ON SECO D88a1-D88a3. Brackets

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

HRS 1998: F2955M1 F2955M2 F2957 F2963 F2964 F2965 HRS 2000: G3273M1 G3273M2 G3275 G3281 G3282 G3283 HRS 2002: HH170M1 HH170M2 HH170M3 HH171 HH172 HH173 HH174 HRS 2004: JH170M1 JH170M2 JH170M3 JH171 JH172 JH173 JH174 HRS 2006: KH170M1 KH170M2 KH170M3 KH171 KH172 KH173 KH174 HRS 2008: LH170M1 LH170M2 LH170M3 LH171 LH172 LH173 LH174

576

F47.HOME MORTGAGE-2ND F47.HOME MORTGAGE-2ND F47A.TOTAL $ OWED ALL MORTGAGES/LOANS-2N F47E.F47D DK.1-2ND F47F. F47D DK.2-2ND F47G. F47D DK.2-2ND F47.HOME MORTGAGE-2ND F47.HOME MORTGAGE-2ND F47A.TOTAL OWE MRTGG/LOAN-2ND HOME F47E.F47D DK 1-2ND F47F.F47D DK 2-2ND F47G.F47D DK 2-2ND HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND TOTAL OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN -

- SECOND HOME 2ND HOME- MIN 2ND HOME- MAX 2ND HOME- RESULT

HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND-1 HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND-2 HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND-3 TOTAL OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - SECOND HOME TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - 2ND HOME- MIN TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - 2ND HOME- MAX TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - 2ND HOME- RESULT HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND-1 HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND-2 HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND-3 TOTAL OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - SECOND HOME TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - 2ND HOME- MIN TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - 2ND HOME- MAX TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - 2ND HOME- RESULT HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND-1 HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND-2 HOME MORTGAGE - SECOND-3 TOTAL OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - SECOND HOME TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - 2ND HOME- MIN TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - 2ND HOME- MAX TOT OWE MORTGAGE/LOAN - 2ND HOME- RESULT

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

577

Net value of secondary residence Wave Variable 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ANETHB H2ANETHB H4ANETHB H5ANETHB H6ANETHB H7ANETHB H8ANETHB H9ANETHB

Label

Type

H1ANETHB:W1 H2ANETHB:W2 H4ANETHB:W4 H5ANETHB:W5 H6ANETHB:W6 H7ANETHB:W7 H8ANETHB:W8 H9ANETHB:W9

Net Net Net Net Net Net Net Net

Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value

of of of of of of of of

2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd

Home Home Home Home Home Home Home Home

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

H1ANETHB H2ANETHB H4ANETHB H5ANETHB H6ANETHB H7ANETHB H8ANETHB H9ANETHB

12652 11420 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

Mean 11739.376 8831.350 10251.430 12171.477 15615.682 21087.429 25901.638 26006.770

Std Dev 84784.920 44714.766 50747.135 65295.073 81515.484 193231.325 244821.746 199733.914

Minimum -120000.000 -75000.000 -128000.000 -980000.000 -117202.069 -150000.000 -393500.000 -179000.000

Maximum 5000000.000 1870000.000 1725000.000 2915898.636 3000000.000 10000000.000 20000000.000 15000000.000

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The net value of second home is calculated as house value less mortgages: HwAHOUB - HwAMRTB

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

578

Net value of non-housing financial wealth Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ATOTF H2ATOTF H3ATOTF H4ATOTF H5ATOTF H6ATOTF H7ATOTF H8ATOTF H9ATOTF

Label

Type

H1ATOTF:W1 H2ATOTF:W2 H3ATOTF:W3 H4ATOTF:W4 H5ATOTF:W5 H6ATOTF:W6 H7ATOTF:W7 H8ATOTF:W8 H9ATOTF:W9

Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing

Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial

Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable H1ATOTF H2ATOTF H3ATOTF H4ATOTF H5ATOTF H6ATOTF H7ATOTF H8ATOTF H9ATOTF

N 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

Mean 47510.639 57242.011 90757.663 95931.695 111801.120 106636.932 133428.156 147363.248 141068.915

Std Dev 153724.560 185498.186 458663.677 464430.362 428902.259 395289.250 1099450.667 1097948.151 635189.415

Minimum -825000.000 -390000.000 -489000.000 -3636749.000 -485500.000 -295000.000 -2335500.000 -2199892.000 -1400000.000

Maximum 3523614.241 8400000.000 40550000.000 30388000.000 33500000.000 33300000.000 76550000.000 80842000.000 30106000.000

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The net value of non-housing financial wealth is calculated as the sum of the appropriate wealth components less debt: Sum (HwASTCK, HwACHCK, HwACD, HwABOND, HwAOTHR) - HwDEBT Note: This total does NOT include the value of IRAs and Keogh plans, nor does it include the value of any real estate, vehicles, or businesses.

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

579

Total Wealth (Excluding Secondary Residence) Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ATOTA H2ATOTA H3ATOTA H4ATOTA H5ATOTA H6ATOTA H7ATOTA H8ATOTA H9ATOTA

Label

Type

H1ATOTA:W1 H2ATOTA:W2 H3ATOTA:W3 H4ATOTA:W4 H5ATOTA:W5 H6ATOTA:W6 H7ATOTA:W7 H8ATOTA:W8 H9ATOTA:W9

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

of of of of of of of of of

all all all all all all all all all

Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable H1ATOTA H2ATOTA H3ATOTA H4ATOTA H5ATOTA H6ATOTA H7ATOTA H8ATOTA H9ATOTA

N 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

Mean 209506.929 209610.488 265926.304 293359.261 339593.489 349471.539 413184.875 531893.348 489123.657

Std Dev 437566.931 437188.240 678622.351 1067285.196 912189.580 877353.708 1445590.727 2361413.590 1397680.634

Minimum

Maximum

-745000.000 8624000.000 -4733000.000 14930000.000 -477000.000 40780000.000 -3636749.000 86210000.000 -355000.000 53200200.000 -480864.791 41640000.000 -2245500.000 77225000.000 -2453000.000 100790000.000 -1064000.000 55423000.000

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The net value of total wealth (excluding second home) is calculated as the sum of all wealth components less all debt: Sum (HwAHOUS, HwARLES, HwATRANS, HwABSNS, HwAIRA, HwASTCK, HwACHCK, HwACD, HwABOND, HwAOTHR) less Sum (HwMORT, HwHMLN, HwDEBT)

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

580

Total Wealth (Including Secondary Residence) Wave Variable 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ATOTB H2ATOTB H4ATOTB H5ATOTB H6ATOTB H7ATOTB H8ATOTB H9ATOTB

Label

Type

H1ATOTB:W1 H2ATOTB:W2 H4ATOTB:W4 H5ATOTB:W5 H6ATOTB:W6 H7ATOTB:W7 H8ATOTB:W8 H9ATOTB:W9

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

all all all all all all all all

Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets

inc. inc. inc. inc. inc. inc. inc. inc.

2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd

Hm Hm Hm Hm Hm Hm Hm Hm

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable H1ATOTB H2ATOTB H4ATOTB H5ATOTB H6ATOTB H7ATOTB H8ATOTB H9ATOTB

N 12652 11420 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

Mean 221246.305 245527.510 303610.691 351764.966 365087.221 434272.304 557794.986 515130.427

Std Dev 458299.121 493695.084 1079530.676 930249.135 905975.993 1489912.713 2395870.063 1465086.274

Minimum

Maximum

-745000.000 8734000.000 -4733000.000 15230000.000 -3624527.000 86530000.000 -1205364.375 53800200.000 -480864.791 42390000.000 -2245500.000 77225000.000 -2453000.000 100870000.000 -1064000.000 55441000.000

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The net value of total wealth (including second home) is calculated as the sum of all wealth components less all debt: Sum (HwAHOUS, HwAHOUB, HwARLES, HwATRANS, HwABSNS, HwAIRA, HwASTCK, HwACHCK, HwACD, HwABOND, HwAOTHR) less Sum (HwMORT, HwHMLN, HwDEBT, HwMRTB)

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

581

Total Wealth (Excluding IRAs) Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ATOTW H2ATOTW H3ATOTW H4ATOTW H5ATOTW H6ATOTW H7ATOTW H8ATOTW H9ATOTW

Label

Type

H1ATOTW:W1 H2ATOTW:W2 H3ATOTW:W3 H4ATOTW:W4 H5ATOTW:W5 H6ATOTW:W6 H7ATOTW:W7 H8ATOTW:W8 H9ATOTW:W9

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth

less less less less less less less less less

IRA IRA IRA IRA IRA IRA IRA IRA IRA

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable H1ATOTW H2ATOTW H3ATOTW H4ATOTW H5ATOTW H6ATOTW H7ATOTW H8ATOTW H9ATOTW

N 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

Mean 191279.251 190197.419 237864.694 255090.126 287696.759 302822.012 360586.481 460987.205 420932.698

Std Dev 419235.729 416761.600 646157.035 1043353.121 851849.971 835116.069 1352565.610 2222153.663 1309278.028

Minimum

Maximum

-795000.000 8524000.000 -4733000.000 14900000.000 -477000.000 40780000.000 -3636749.000 85960000.000 -355000.000 50000200.000 -480864.791 41140000.000 -2313500.000 77165000.000 -2463500.000 100390000.000 -1064000.000 55391000.000

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The net value of total wealth less IRA is calculated as the sum of all wealth components except the value of IRAs and Keogh plans less all debt: Sum (HwAHOUS, HwARLES, HwATRANS, HwABSNS, HwASTCK, HwACHCK, HwACD, HwABOND, HwAOTHR) less Sum (HwMORT, HwHMLN, HwDEBT)

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

582

Total Non-housing Wealth Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ATOTN H2ATOTN H3ATOTN H4ATOTN H5ATOTN H6ATOTN H7ATOTN H8ATOTN H9ATOTN

Label

Type

H1ATOTN:W1 H2ATOTN:W2 H3ATOTN:W3 H4ATOTN:W4 H5ATOTN:W5 H6ATOTN:W6 H7ATOTN:W7 H8ATOTN:W8 H9ATOTN:W9

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing Non-Housing

Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable H1ATOTN H2ATOTN H3ATOTN H4ATOTN H5ATOTN H6ATOTN H7ATOTN H8ATOTN H9ATOTN

N 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

Mean 146988.641 141235.631 192727.581 212698.372 247561.184 243136.621 281875.499 363768.505 320782.777

Std Dev 402891.563 380272.808 632597.764 1006666.533 779941.950 811424.086 1323661.541 2158181.424 1128703.593

Minimum

Maximum

-760000.000 8119000.000 -200000.000 13730000.000 -477000.000 40630000.000 -3636749.000 85710000.000 -390000.000 50200000.000 -277000.000 41170000.000 -2245500.000 76625000.000 -2199392.000 100630000.000 -1144000.000 55183000.000

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: The net value of all non-housing wealth is calculated as the sum of the appropriate wealth components less debt: Sum (HwARLES, HwATRANS, HwABSNS, HwAIRA, HwASTCK, HwACHCK, HwACD, HwABOND, HwAOTHR) less HwDEBT Note that the value of the primary residence, mortgages, and home loans are NOT included.

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

583

Change in wealth Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2ATOTAC H3ATOTAC H4ATOTAC H5ATOTAC H6ATOTAC H7ATOTAC H8ATOTAC H9ATOTAC

H2ATOTAC:W2 H3ATOTAC:W3 H4ATOTAC:W4 H5ATOTAC:W5 H6ATOTAC:W6 H7ATOTAC:W7 H8ATOTAC:W8 H9ATOTAC:W9

Change Change Change Change Change Change Change Change

in in in in in in in in

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets

w/o w/o w/o w/o w/o w/o w/o w/o

2 5 6 7 8 9

H2ATOTBC H5ATOTBC H6ATOTBC H7ATOTBC H8ATOTBC H9ATOTBC

H2ATOTBC:W2 H5ATOTBC:W5 H6ATOTBC:W6 H7ATOTBC:W7 H8ATOTBC:W8 H9ATOTBC:W9

Change Change Change Change Change Change

in in in in in in

Total Total Total Total Total Total

Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets Assets

w/ w/ w/ w/ w/ w/

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2ATOTWC H3ATOTWC H4ATOTWC H5ATOTWC H6ATOTWC H7ATOTWC H8ATOTWC H9ATOTWC

H2ATOTWC:W2 H3ATOTWC:W3 H4ATOTWC:W4 H5ATOTWC:W5 H6ATOTWC:W6 H7ATOTWC:W7 H8ATOTWC:W8 H9ATOTWC:W9

Change Change Change Change Change Change Change Change

in in in in in in in in

Tot Tot Tot Tot Tot Tot Tot Tot

Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth Wealth

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2ATOTHC H3ATOTHC H4ATOTHC H5ATOTHC H6ATOTHC H7ATOTHC H8ATOTHC H9ATOTHC

H2ATOTHC:W2 H3ATOTHC:W3 H4ATOTHC:W4 H5ATOTHC:W5 H6ATOTHC:W6 H7ATOTHC:W7 H8ATOTHC:W8 H9ATOTHC:W9

Change Change Change Change Change Change Change Change

in in in in in in in in

Net Net Net Net Net Net Net Net

Prim Prim Prim Prim Prim Prim Prim Prim

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2ATOTFC H3ATOTFC H4ATOTFC H5ATOTFC H6ATOTFC H7ATOTFC H8ATOTFC H9ATOTFC

H2ATOTFC:W2 H3ATOTFC:W3 H4ATOTFC:W4 H5ATOTFC:W5 H6ATOTFC:W6 H7ATOTFC:W7 H8ATOTFC:W8 H9ATOTFC:W9

Change Change Change Change Change Change Change Change

in in in in in in in in

Non-House Non-House Non-House Non-House Non-House Non-House Non-House Non-House

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2ATOTNC H3ATOTNC H4ATOTNC H5ATOTNC H6ATOTNC H7ATOTNC H8ATOTNC H9ATOTNC

H2ATOTNC:W2 H3ATOTNC:W3 H4ATOTNC:W4 H5ATOTNC:W5 H6ATOTNC:W6 H7ATOTNC:W7 H8ATOTNC:W8 H9ATOTNC:W9

Change Change Change Change Change Change Change Change

in in in in in in in in

Tot Tot Tot Tot Tot Tot Tot Tot

/No /No /No /No /No /No /No /No

Res Res Res Res Res Res Res Res

2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd

home home home home home home home home

home home home home home home

Ira Ira Ira Ira Ira Ira Ira Ira

House House House House House House House House

Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin

NonHouse NonHouse NonHouse NonHouse NonHouse NonHouse NonHouse NonHouse

2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Value Value Value Value Value Value Value Value

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Wlth Wlth Wlth Wlth Wlth Wlth Wlth Wlth

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Assts Assts Assts Assts Assts Assts Assts Assts

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

584

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H2ATOTAC H3ATOTAC H4ATOTAC H5ATOTAC H6ATOTAC H7ATOTAC H8ATOTAC H9ATOTAC

11423 17721 16293 19314 17939 16657 18261 17074

24338.659 50587.914 28284.147 38862.331 -1280.689 69519.685 110286.812 -39644.782

374264.508 554063.075 922694.332 1086395.186 828253.892 1366539.743 2085765.525 1983039.975

-7861083.040 -7259452.854 -9997000.000 -81364000.000 -37120000.000 -35055000.000 -68240000.000 -92389872.761

7627737.509 39520275.823 70117000.000 38526500.000 41556800.000 75985400.548 97321000.000 52695000.000

H2ATOTBC H5ATOTBC H6ATOTBC H7ATOTBC H8ATOTBC H9ATOTBC

11317 18859 17711 16567 18231 17058

22434.432 42285.836 1091.620 74632.205 114564.794 -40259.816

384288.882 1098529.069 834714.700 1387349.842 2102355.781 2015118.103

-7861083.040 -81184000.000 -36810000.000 -34905000.000 -68240000.000 -92978005.115

7577737.509 38626500.000 42306800.000 75985400.548 97361000.000 52697000.000

H2ATOTWC H3ATOTWC H4ATOTWC H5ATOTWC H6ATOTWC H7ATOTWC H8ATOTWC H9ATOTWC

11423 17721 16293 19314 17939 16657 18261 17074

15797.578 42967.390 20633.631 26992.749 6573.368 64088.140 92291.245 -35488.903

365975.422 540956.490 910281.437 1065109.689 800629.613 1338922.647 1968021.238 1876141.992

-7855603.635 -7259452.854 -9997000.000 -81295000.000 -37378000.000 -34865000.000 -68250000.000 -90989872.761

7597737.509 39520275.823 70067000.000 38649500.000 41057800.000 76022400.548 97035000.000 52748000.000

H2ATOTHC H3ATOTHC H4ATOTHC H5ATOTHC H6ATOTHC H7ATOTHC H8ATOTHC H9ATOTHC

11423 17721 16293 19314 17939 16657 18261 17074

5001.003 3917.207 6020.881 8896.336 12321.868 25993.295 34785.836 -5801.439

125413.469 -5290000.000 96455.894 -4277865.684 246822.059 -1100000.000 188137.732 -9000000.000 235383.857 -13841000.000 364996.291 -9940000.000 805521.899 -25000000.000 812473.139 -69900000.000

4735000.000 4490000.000 19377865.684 9100000.000 9790000.000 23140000.000 78790444.569 22850000.000

H2ATOTFC H3ATOTFC H4ATOTFC H5ATOTFC H6ATOTFC H7ATOTFC H8ATOTFC H9ATOTFC

11423 17721 16293 19314 17939 16657 18261 17074

10660.874 31996.155 11617.117 16178.341 -6758.382 37325.501 9225.036 -4457.395

164058.276 434786.249 416430.262 462189.386 404885.380 1117731.745 855621.282 1037264.037

-2678000.000 -5014000.000 -10162000.000 -22895000.000 -20944745.967 -32825000.000 -68250000.000 -72420147.000

7146967.569 39800275.823 25022000.000 28300000.000 32970000.000 76037400.548 28311164.577 28476000.000

H2ATOTNC H3ATOTNC H4ATOTNC H5ATOTNC H6ATOTNC H7ATOTNC H8ATOTNC H9ATOTNC

11423 17721 16293 19314 17939 16657 18261 17074

19337.656 46670.707 22263.266 29965.995 -13602.557 43526.390 75500.976 -33843.343

342491.265 541369.867 888892.024 1045169.048 766121.361 1310632.719 1909357.392 1824764.236

-7796083.040 -6304452.854 -10037000.000 -80864000.000 -29649745.967 -35235000.000 -68240000.000 -91960872.761

7377737.509 39470275.823 70097000.000 37500000.000 41136800.000 75985400.548 97251000.000 52443000.000

General Comments: Wealth measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD wealth component is missing it is imputed using the method described the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in the unfolding brackets used to determine a

Section C: Financial and Housing Wealth

585

range of wealth when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document.

How Constructed: Change in wealth variables take the difference between the current and previous interviews. For example, the Wave 2 change in wealth is the Wave 2 wealth less the Wave 1 wealth. If a respondent misses an interview, the change is adjusted to account for the longer period between interviews. For example, if a respondent misses Wave 2 but responds to Wave 1 and Wave 3, the difference between Wave 3 and Wave 1 wealth is divided by 2. If a respondent misses 2 interviews, the difference is divided by 3, and so on. If the respondent has no prior interview, then the change in wealth variables are set to missing value .P (no prior interview). HwATOTHC = (HwATOTH - H[pw]ATOTH) / (w-pw) HwATOTFC = (HwATOTF - H[pw]ATOTF) / (w-pw) HwATOTAC = (HwATOTA - H[pw]ATOTA) / (w-pw) HwATOTBC = (HwATOTB - H[pw]ATOTB) / (w-pw) HwATOTNC = (HwATOTN - H[pw]ATOTN) / (w-pw) HwATOTWC = (HwATOTW - H[pw]ATOTW) / (w-pw) Where 'w' is the current wave and "pw" is the last previous interview to which R responded. It is important to note that HwATOTBC will only be calculated based on the waves for which second residence information is currently available, that is – Wave 2H, and Wave 4 forward.

Section D: Income

586

Section D: Income

Section D: Income

587

Individual Earnings Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IEARN R2IEARN R3IEARN R4IEARN R5IEARN R6IEARN R7IEARN R8IEARN R9IEARN

R1IEARN:W1 R2IEARN:W2 R3IEARN:W3 R4IEARN:W4 R5IEARN:W5 R6IEARN:W6 R7IEARN:W7 R8IEARN:W8 R9IEARN:W9

Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R

Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IEARN S2IEARN S3IEARN S4IEARN S5IEARN S6IEARN S7IEARN S8IEARN S9IEARN

S1IEARN:W1 S2IEARN:W2 S3IEARN:W3 S4IEARN:W4 S5IEARN:W5 S6IEARN:W6 S7IEARN:W7 S8IEARN:W8 S9IEARN:W9

Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IFEARN R2IFEARN R3IFEARN R4IFEARN R5IFEARN R6IFEARN R7IFEARN R8IFEARN R9IFEARN

R1IFEARN:W1 R2IFEARN:W2 R3IFEARN:W3 R4IFEARN:W4 R5IFEARN:W5 R6IFEARN:W6 R7IFEARN:W7 R8IFEARN:W8 R9IFEARN:W9

IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IFEARN S2IFEARN S3IFEARN S4IFEARN S5IFEARN S6IFEARN S7IFEARN S8IFEARN S9IFEARN

S1IFEARN:W1 S2IFEARN:W2 S3IFEARN:W3 S4IFEARN:W4 S5IFEARN:W5 S6IFEARN:W6 S7IFEARN:W7 S8IFEARN:W8 S9IFEARN:W9

IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1FWAGE R2FWAGE R3FWAGE R4FWAGE R5FWAGE R6FWAGE R7FWAGE R8FWAGE R9FWAGE

R1FWAGE:W1 R2FWAGE:W2 R3FWAGE:W3 R4FWAGE:W4 R5FWAGE:W5 R6FWAGE:W6 R7FWAGE:W7 R8FWAGE:W8 R9FWAGE:W9

Salary Salary Salary Salary Salary Salary Salary Salary Salary

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

S1FWAGE

S1FWAGE:W1 ImpFlag-Wages, Salary

Categ

Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings Earnings

ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages,

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

588

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FWAGE S3FWAGE S4FWAGE S5FWAGE S6FWAGE S7FWAGE S8FWAGE S9FWAGE

S2FWAGE:W2 S3FWAGE:W3 S4FWAGE:W4 S5FWAGE:W5 S6FWAGE:W6 S7FWAGE:W7 S8FWAGE:W8 S9FWAGE:W9

ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages, ImpFlag-Wages,

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1FBON R2FBON R3FBON R4FBON R5FBON R6FBON R7FBON R8FBON R9FBON

R1FBON:W1 R2FBON:W2 R3FBON:W3 R4FBON:W4 R5FBON:W5 R6FBON:W6 R7FBON:W7 R8FBON:W8 R9FBON:W9

ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1FBON S2FBON S3FBON S4FBON S5FBON S6FBON S7FBON S8FBON S9FBON

S1FBON:W1 S2FBON:W2 S3FBON:W3 S4FBON:W4 S5FBON:W5 S6FBON:W6 S7FBON:W7 S8FBON:W8 S9FBON:W9

ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm ImpFlag-Tips,Bonus,Comm

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1F2ND R2F2ND R3F2ND R4F2ND R5F2ND R6F2ND R7F2ND R8F2ND R9F2ND

R1F2ND:W1 R2F2ND:W2 R3F2ND:W3 R4F2ND:W4 R5F2ND:W5 R6F2ND:W6 R7F2ND:W7 R8F2ND:W8 R9F2ND:W9

ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd

Job Job Job Job Job Job Job Job Job

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1F2ND S2F2ND S3F2ND S4F2ND S5F2ND S6F2ND S7F2ND S8F2ND S9F2ND

S1F2ND:W1 S2F2ND:W2 S3F2ND:W3 S4F2ND:W4 S5F2ND:W5 S6F2ND:W6 S7F2ND:W7 S8F2ND:W8 S9F2ND:W9

ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd ImpFlag-2nd

Job Job Job Job Job Job Job Job Job

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R1FTRAD R2FTRAD R3FTRAD R4FTRAD R5FTRAD R6FTRAD R7FTRAD R8FTRAD

R1FTRAD:W1 R2FTRAD:W2 R3FTRAD:W3 R4FTRAD:W4 R5FTRAD:W5 R6FTRAD:W6 R7FTRAD:W7 R8FTRAD:W8

ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof

Salary Salary Salary Salary Salary Salary Salary Salary

Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

589

9

R9FTRAD

R9FTRAD:W9 ImpFlag-Prof Prac,Trade

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1FTRAD S2FTRAD S3FTRAD S4FTRAD S5FTRAD S6FTRAD S7FTRAD S8FTRAD S9FTRAD

S1FTRAD:W1 S2FTRAD:W2 S3FTRAD:W3 S4FTRAD:W4 S5FTRAD:W5 S6FTRAD:W6 S7FTRAD:W7 S8FTRAD:W8 S9FTRAD:W9

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

R2FEARN

R2FEARN:W2 ImpFlag-Earnings

Categ

2

S2FEARN

S2FEARN:W2 ImpFlag-Earnings

Categ

ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof ImpFlag-Prof

Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade Prac,Trade

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1IEARN R2IEARN R3IEARN R4IEARN R5IEARN R6IEARN R7IEARN R8IEARN R9IEARN

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

19361.035 11673.629 10404.247 11343.567 10890.700 10628.030 14005.588 12991.599 12846.916

30114.423 34069.930 23740.880 35393.899 29773.445 27827.236 36844.914 57416.623 35561.363

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1250000.000 3000000.000 770000.000 3530000.000 2000000.000 757000.000 2000000.000 6525000.000 1425000.000

S1IEARN S2IEARN S3IEARN S4IEARN S5IEARN S6IEARN S7IEARN S8IEARN S9IEARN

10279 13672 12333 14515 13041 11861 13353 12052 11011

19622.511 14024.596 12260.858 13411.362 12855.241 12782.924 16952.823 15883.546 15812.934

28321.417 38845.548 25844.888 40549.344 28090.203 30931.084 42624.067 69190.305 40903.904

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

600000.000 3000000.000 770000.000 3530000.000 705000.000 757000.000 2000000.000 6525000.000 1425000.000

R1IFEARN R2IFEARN R3IFEARN R4IFEARN R5IFEARN R6IFEARN R7IFEARN R8IFEARN R9IFEARN

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.879 0.561 0.479 0.518 0.464 0.413 0.482 0.427 0.413

0.926 0.950 0.934 1.041 0.937 0.753 0.848 0.793 0.824

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1IFEARN S2IFEARN S3IFEARN S4IFEARN S5IFEARN S6IFEARN S7IFEARN S8IFEARN S9IFEARN

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

2.234 2.894 2.880 2.973 3.015 3.081 3.055 3.096 3.190

2.911 3.474 3.554 3.584 3.614 3.644 3.600 3.642 3.681

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1FWAGE

12652

3.025

2.446

1.000

9.000

Section D: Income

590

R2FWAGE R3FWAGE R4FWAGE R5FWAGE R6FWAGE R7FWAGE R8FWAGE R9FWAGE

11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

3.171 4.407 4.418 4.514 4.679 4.415 4.561 4.641

2.449 2.322 2.328 2.279 2.188 2.299 2.237 2.206

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1FWAGE S2FWAGE S3FWAGE S4FWAGE S5FWAGE S6FWAGE S7FWAGE S8FWAGE S9FWAGE

12652 11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

3.990 4.127 5.400 5.448 5.555 5.714 5.510 5.643 5.738

2.940 2.925 2.646 2.646 2.583 2.479 2.617 2.539 2.496

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1FBON R2FBON R3FBON R4FBON R5FBON R6FBON R7FBON R8FBON R9FBON

12652 11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.623 5.706 5.877 5.883 5.899 5.911 5.873 5.881 5.888

1.402 1.265 0.872 0.897 0.809 0.753 0.851 0.816 0.812

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1FBON S2FBON S3FBON S4FBON S5FBON S6FBON S7FBON S8FBON S9FBON

12652 11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.081 6.177 6.528 6.563 6.591 6.630 6.582 6.609 6.642

1.565 1.444 1.262 1.255 1.217 1.185 1.251 1.233 1.232

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1F2ND R2F2ND R3F2ND R4F2ND R5F2ND R6F2ND R7F2ND R8F2ND R9F2ND

12652 11420 10964 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.875 5.901 5.933 5.968 5.969 5.978 5.952 5.964 5.968

0.951 0.858 0.702 0.632 0.574 0.489 0.597 0.524 0.525

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1F2ND S2F2ND S3F2ND S4F2ND S5F2ND S6F2ND S7F2ND S8F2ND S9F2ND

12652 11420 10964 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.301 6.330 6.384 6.627 6.646 6.679 6.643 6.671 6.703

1.156 1.125 1.025 1.090 1.072 1.045 1.090 1.068 1.064

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1FTRAD R2FTRAD R3FTRAD R4FTRAD

12652 11420 17991 21384

5.863 5.911 5.917 5.934

0.963 0.829 0.750 0.750

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

591

R5FTRAD R6FTRAD R7FTRAD R8FTRAD R9FTRAD

19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.958 5.966 5.919 5.955 5.949

0.619 0.543 0.710 0.565 0.608

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1FTRAD S2FTRAD S3FTRAD S4FTRAD S5FTRAD S6FTRAD S7FTRAD S8FTRAD S9FTRAD

12652 11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.270 6.320 6.560 6.597 6.635 6.665 6.614 6.658 6.685

1.213 1.146 1.179 1.170 1.103 1.086 1.166 1.102 1.118

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2FEARN

8222

5.477

1.507

1.000

9.000

S2FEARN

8222

6.561

1.796

1.000

9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1IFEARN R2IFEARN R3IFEARN R4IFEARN R5IFEARN R6IFEARN R7IFEARN R8IFEARN R9IFEARN 0.no income | 3624 11307 11455 13423 12824 12366 12671 12312 11767 1.no imputations | 7595 6580 5343 6290 5387 4422 5844 4879 4318 2.some imputation | 1338 1621 1067 1464 1231 1334 1525 1213 1057 9.no Fin Resp | 95 134 126 207 137 45 89 65 75 Value-------------------------|S1IFEARN S2IFEARN S3IFEARN S4IFEARN S5IFEARN S6IFEARN S7IFEARN S8IFEARN S9IFEARN 0.no income | 2924 6894 7294 8455 7983 7589 7816 7513 7026 1.no imputations | 6089 5192 4128 4797 4035 3273 4319 3598 3129 2.some imputation | 1171 1483 825 1078 930 963 1141 889 794 8.no Sp/Part->no incm | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6776 6417 6206 9.no Fin Resp | 95 103 86 185 93 36 77 52 62 Value-------------------------| R1FWAGE .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 7432 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 875 6.no income | 4135 7.DK if income | 115 9.no Fin Resp | 95

R2FWAGE 8222 5757 892 31 274 4304 38 124

R3FWAGE

R4FWAGE

R5FWAGE

R6FWAGE

R7FWAGE

R8FWAGE

R9FWAGE

5206 681 32 215 11708 23 126

6094 888 64 306 13756 69 207

5292 656 60 314 13054 66 137

4337 554 41 374 12557 259 45

5720 748 60 489 12928 95 89

4783 603 43 386 12522 67 65

4218 539 50 305 11956 74 75

Value-------------------------| S1FWAGE .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 5970 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 731 6.no income | 3367 7.DK if income | 116 8.No spouse/partner | 2373 9.no Fin Resp | 95

S2FWAGE 4549 3673 4625 718 29 231 3382 39 2297 99

S3FWAGE

S4FWAGE

S5FWAGE

S6FWAGE

S7FWAGE

S8FWAGE

S9FWAGE

4022 507 22 182 7494 20 5658 86

4656 625 46 243 8699 62 6868 185

3968 473 48 249 8154 56 6538 93

3205 422 28 281 7728 161 6306 36

4222 530 41 386 8009 88 6776 77

3518 416 33 294 7684 55 6417 52

3050 384 44 246 7168 57 6206 62

R2FBON 8222 631 139 7 42 10427 50 124

R3FBON

R4FBON

R5FBON

R6FBON

R7FBON

R8FBON

R9FBON

467 67 3 22 17271 35 126

572 76 2 32 20412 83 207

428 57 5 65 18819 68 137

359 46 4 33 17415 265 45

512 66 7 68 19290 97 89

434 60 3 55 17768 84 65

404 37 7 45 16570 79 75

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R1FBON 1014

223 11077 243 95

Section D: Income

592

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S1FBON

S2FBON 4549 3673 490 107 5 29 8341 52 2297 99

S3FBON

S4FBON

S5FBON

S6FBON

S7FBON

S8FBON

S9FBON

374 53 3 18 11768 31 5658 86

415 53 2 25 13767 69 6868 185

322 41 5 47 12475 58 6538 93

258 31 2 23 11347 164 6306 36

385 44 4 49 12706 88 6776 77

321 39 2 47 11519 72 6417 52

291 28 4 34 10527 65 6206 62

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R1F2ND

R2F2ND 8222 272 34 2 21 10942 25 124

R3F2ND 7027 173 24 2 12 10661 15 77

R4F2ND

R5F2ND

R6F2ND

R7F2ND

R8F2ND

R9F2ND

240 39 1 13 20818 66 207

192 22 1 24 19146 57 137

137 16 1 18 17708 242 45

231 32 2 24 19668 83 89

164 18 5 14 18136 67 65

146 22 16 16895 63 75

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S1F2ND

S3F2ND 3704 3323 117 17 1 6 8412 12 2335 64

S4F2ND

S5F2ND

S6F2ND

S7F2ND

S8F2ND

S9F2ND

164 29 1 11 14068 58 6868 185

132 19 2 15 12732 48 6538 93

94 11 11 11563 146 6306 36

160 22 1 20 12995 78 6776 77

115 16 4 12 11795 58 6417 52

94 13

43 9556 290 2373 95

S2F2ND 4549 3673 207 25 1 14 8750 27 2297 99

14 10778 50 6206 62

Value-------------------------| R1FTRAD .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 431 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 98 6.no income | 11789 7.DK if income | 239 9.no Fin Resp | 95

R2FTRAD 8222 246 34 7 33 10940 36 124

R3FTRAD

R4FTRAD

R5FTRAD

R6FTRAD

R7FTRAD

R8FTRAD

R9FTRAD

332 45 2 47 17412 27 126

373 47 6 44 20626 81 207

233 23 2 33 19081 70 137

170 25 3 50 17620 254 45

338 52 4 75 19476 95 89

195 21 2 43 18065 78 65

211 19 5 35 16795 77 75

Value-------------------------| S1FTRAD .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 354 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 91 6.no income | 9497 7.DK if income | 242 8.No spouse/partner | 2373 9.no Fin Resp | 95

S2FTRAD 4549 3673 215 37 6 26 8705 35 2297 99

S3FTRAD

S4FTRAD

S5FTRAD

S6FTRAD

S7FTRAD

S8FTRAD

S9FTRAD

261 39 2 46 11879 20 5658 86

284 33 4 35 13908 67 6868 185

172 20 1 30 12670 55 6538 93

137 17 3 37 11476 155 6306 36

252 44 3 63 12828 86 6776 77

156 18 2 40 11720 64 6417 52

155 13 5 27 10689 60 6206 62

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FEARN 11420 825 206 7178 3 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income |

S2FEARN 9123 2297 563 123 3663 196

812

187 8938 247 2373 95

418

58 11795 286 95

295

Section D: Income

8.No spouse/partner 9.no Fin Resp

593

| |

3673 4

General Comments: Income measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD income component is missing it is imputed using the method described in the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in whether unfolding brackets are used to determine a range of income when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. The order in which income questions are asked also changes across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" section earlier in this document. Generally, Wave 1 questions ask about 1991 income, Wave 2H asks about 1993 income, and Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, about income last calendar year, based on the Financial Respondent's interview year. In Waves 2A, 3H, 4, and 5 forward not all interviews are completely conducted in the same year. The HRS and AHEAD income components are summed to create the income measures requested for these files. For each derived income measure a flag indicates whether any or all of its components were imputed. Also included are flags for each HRS and AHEAD income component that indicate the level of imputation used for the individual component. HRS and AHEAD income measures are reported at the household level. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The respondent income measures on this file are those of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the spouse income measures are those of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse income is assigned as the respondent income and the FinR-reported respondent income is assigned as the spouse income.

How Constructed: For the HRS sample, RwIEARN is the sum of respondent's wage/salary income, bonuses/overtime pay/commissions/tips, 2nd job or military reserve earnings, professional practice or trade income. For the AHEAD sample, Wave 2A R2IEARN includes only the earnings income as asked. In Wave 3A, the calculation of R3IEARN does not include income from a 2nd job, as it was not asked in this wave. RwIFEARN is a flag that indicates whether any components are imputed. A '1.continuous value' indicates that the respondent reports actual values and no imputed values are included in the sum. RwFWAGE, RwFBON, RwF2ND, RwFTRAD, and R2FEARN indicate whether the component is imputed, and if so, how much information is available for imputation to use. For the HRS sample, SwIEARN is the sum of spouse's wage/salary income, bonuses/overtime pay/commissions/tips, 2nd job or military reserve earnings, professional practice or trade income. For the AHEAD sample, Wave 2A S2IEARN includes only the earnings income as asked. In Wave 3A, the calculation of S3IEARN does not include income from a 2nd job, as it was not asked in this wave. SwIFEARN is a flag that indicates whether any components are imputed. SwFWAGE, SwFBON, SwF2ND, SwFTRAD, and S2FEARN indicate whether the component is imputed, and if so, how much information is available for imputation to use. Because of the differences in the way income information was collected for the HRS and AHEAD samples in waves 2 and 3, the income component imputation flags that apply vary, depending on the entry cohort of the respondent. For AHEAD entry cohort respondents, R2FBON, S2FBON, R2FTRAD, S2FTRAD, R2FWAGE, S2FWAGE, R2F2ND, S2F2ND, R3F2ND, and S3F2ND are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Waves 2A and 3A. For HRS entry cohort respondents, R2FEARN and S2FEARN are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Waves 2H and 3H.

Section D: Income

594

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The components of earnings remain the same across all HRS waves. However, there are fewer specific questions for the AHEAD sample. In Wave 2A, respondents are only asked about last year's earnings of all jobs combined. Wave 3A questions cover wages, bonuses and professional practice income, but no questions about income from a second job. Therefore, this component is not part of the earnings calculation. From Wave 2H forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value of an income component, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts and entry points for some components vary across waves. In Waves 1 and 2A, no unfolding bracket questions are asked. For AHEAD respondents in Waves 2A and 3A, the income components corresponding to imputation flags R2FBON, S2FBON, R2FTRAD, S2FTRAD, R2FWAGE, S2FWAGE, R2F2ND, S2F2ND, R3F2ND, and S3F2ND are not available. For HRS respondents in Waves 2H and 3H, the income components corresponding to imputation flags R2FEARN and S2FEARN are not available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15402 V15403 V15404 V15405 V15406 V15407 V15408 V15409 V15410 V15411 V15412 V15413 V15414 V15415 V15416 V15417 V5402 V5403 V5404 V5405 V5406 V5407 V5408 V5409 V5410 V5411 V5412 V5413 V5414 V5415 V5416 V5417 AHEAD 1993: B1174 B1175 B1188 B1189 B1227 HRS 1994: W15912

N2A:N4A:91:R1-PAY/SA:IND N3:N5:91-R1-GROSS AM:IND N6:1991:R2-PAY/SAL I:IND N7:1991:R2 AMT REC:IND N2B:N4B:91:R1-BONUS/:IND N3:N5:91-R1-GROSS AM:IND N6:1991:R2-BONUS/TIP:IND N7:1991: R2 AMT RE:IND N2C:N4C:91:R1-PRO IN:IND N3:N5:91-R1-GROSS AM:IND N6:1991:R2-PRO PRACT:IND N7:1991: R2 AMT RE:IND N2D:N4D:91:R1-OTH IN:IND N3:N5:91-R1-GROSS AM:IND N6:1991:R2-OTHER INC:IND N7:1991:R2 AMT REC:IND N2A:N4A:91:R1-PAY/SA:IMP N3:N5:91:R1-GROS $AM:IMP N6:1991:R2-PAY/SAL I:IMP N7:1991:R2-$ AMT RE:IMP N2B:N4B:91:R1-BONUS/:IMP N3:N5:91:R1-GROS $AM:IMP N6:1991:R2-BONUS/TIP:IMP N7:1991:R2-$ AMT REC:IMP N2C:N4C:91:R1-PRO IN:IMP N3:N5:91:R1-GROS $AM:IMP N6:1991:R2-PRO PRACT:IMP N7:1991:R2-$ AMT RE:IMP N2D:N4D:91:R1-OTH IN:IMP N3:N5:91:R1-GROS $AM:IMP N6:1991:R2-OTHER INC:IMP N7:1991:R2-$ AMT RE:IMP G1. WORKING CURRENTLY? G1a. WORK LAST 2 YRS? G7. CURR WORK: $ EARNED LAST MONTH G8. CURR WORK: $ EARNED 1992-1993 G17. JOB LAST 2 YRS: TOT $ EARN 1992/93 N3a. Imputation flag

Section D: Income

W15913 W15918 W15919 W15924 W15925 W15930 W15931 W15936 W15937 W15942 W15943 W15948 W15949 W15954 W15955 W15960 W15961 W15966 W15967 W15972 W15973 W15978 W15979 W5912 W5913 W5914 W5918 W5919 W5920 W5924 W5925 W5926 W5930 W5931 W5932 W5936 W5937 W5938 W5942 W5943 W5944 W5948 W5949 W5950 W5954 W5955 W5956 W5960 W5961 W5962 W5966 W5967 W5968 W5972 W5973 W5974 W5978 W5979 W5980 AHEAD 1995: D4534_2 D4534_3 D4534_4

N4a1. Imputation flag N3b. Imputation flag N4b1. Imputation flag N3c. Imputation flag N4c1. Imputation flag N3d. Imputation flag N4d1. Imputation flag N5a. Imputation flag N6a1. Imputation flag N7a. Imputation flag N8a1.Imputation flag N5b. Imputation flag N6b1. Imputation flag N7b. Imputation flag N8b1. Imputation flag N5c. Imputation flag N6c1. Imputation flag N7c. Imputation flag N8c1. Imputation flag N5d. Imputation flag N6d1. Imputation flag N7d. Imputation flag N8d1. Imputation flag N3a.R-WAGE/SALARY FROM J N4a1.R-AMOUNT INCOME 199 N4a1. Brackets N3b.R-INCOME FROM PROF P N4b1.R-AMT INCOME FROM P N4b1. Brackets N3c.R-INCOME FROM BONUSE N4c1.R-AMT INCOME FROM B N4c1. Brackets N3d.R-INCOME FROM SECOND N4d1.R-AMT INCOME FROM S N4f1. Brackets N5a.R-WAGE/SALARY FROM J N6a1.R-AMOUNT INCOME 199 N6a1. Brackets N7a.SP-WAGE/SALARY FROM N8a1.SP-AMOUNT INCOME 19 N8a1. Brackets N5b.R-INCOME FROM PROF P N6b1.R-AMT INCOME FROM P N6b1. Brackets N7b.SP-INCOME FROM PROF N8b1.SP-AMT INCOME FROM N8b1. Brackets N5c.R-INCOME FROM BONUSE N6c1.R-AMT INCOME FROM B N6c1. Brackets N7c.SP-INCOME FROM BONUS N8c1.SP-AMT INCOME FROM N8c1. Brackets N5d.R-INCOME FROM SECOND N6d1.R-AMT INCOME FROM S N6d1. Brackets N7d.SP-INCOME FROM SECON N8d1.SP-AMT INCOME FROM N8d1. Brackets J57A.R EARNINGS SELF EMP J57A.R EARNINGS SELF EMP J57A.R EARNINGS SELF EMP

595

Section D: Income

D4536_2 D4536_3 D4536_4 D4537_2 D4537_3 D4537_4 D4538_2 D4538_3 D4538_4 D4539_2 D4539_3 D4539_4 D4547_2 D4547_3 D4547_4 D4549_2 D4549_3 D4549_4 D4550_2 D4550_3 D4550_4 D4551_2 D4551_3 D4551_4 D4552_2 D4552_3 D4552_4 HRS 1996: E3882 E3883 E3884 E3885 E3886 E3887 E3889 E3890 E3891 E3892 E3893 E3894 E3896 E3897 E3898 E3899 E3900 E3901 E3902 E3903 E3904 E3905 E3906 E3907 E3915 E3916 E3917 E3918 E3919 E3920 E3922 E3923 E3924 E3925 E3926

J57B.R $ EARNINGS LCY J57B.R $ EARNINGS LCY J57B.R $ EARNINGS LCY J57B.DK-1 J57B.DK-1 J57B.DK-1 J57C.DK-2 J57C.DK-2 J57C.DK-2 J57D.DK-3 J57D.DK-3 J57D.DK-3 J58A.SP EARNINGS SELF EMP J58A.SP EARNINGS SELF EMP J58A.SP EARNINGS SELF EMP J58B.SP $ EARNINGS LCY J58B.SP $ EARNINGS LCY J58B.SP $ EARNINGS LCY J58B.DK-1 J58B.DK-1 J58B.DK-1 J58C.DK-2 J58C.DK-2 J58C.DK-2 J58D.DK-3 J58D.DK-3 J58D.DK-3 J7.R WAGES AND SALARY LCYEAR J8.R HOW MUCH WAGES AND SALARY J8A.R $ WAGES AND SALARY DK-25K J8B.R $ WAGES AND SALARY DK-50K J8C.R $ WAGES AND SALARY DK-100K J8D.R $ WAGES AND SALARY DK-5K J9.R PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE LCYEAR J10.R HOW MUCH PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE J10A.R $ PROF PRAC TRADE DK-25K J10B.R $ PROF PRAC TRADE DK-50K J10C.R $ PROF PRAC TRADE DK-100K J10D.R $ PROF PRAC TRADE DK-5K J11.R TIPS, BONUSES, COMMISSION LCYEAR J11A.R HOW MUCH TIPS, BONUSES, COMMISSIO J11B.R TIPS BONUS COMMS LCY DK-5K J11C.R TIPS BONUS COMMS LCY DK-25K J11D.R TIPS BONUS COMMS LCY DK-50K J11E.R TIPS BONUS COMMS LCY DK-2.5K J12.R 2ND JOB J12A.HOW MUCH OTHER INCOME LCY J12B.$ OTHER INCOME LCY DK-5K J12C.$ OTHER INCOME LCY DK-25K J12D.$ OTHER INCOME LCY DK-50K J12E.$ OTHER INCOME LCY DK-2.5K J15.SP WAGES AND SALARY LCYEAR J16.SP HOW MUCH WAGES AND SALARY J16A.SP $ WAGES AND SALARY DK-25K J16B.SP $ WAGES AND SALARY DK-50K J16C.SP $ WAGES AND SALARY DK-100K J16D.SP $ WAGES AND SALARY DK-5K J17.SP PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE LCYEAR J18.SP HOW MUCH PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE J18A.SP $ PROF PRAC OR TRADE DK-25K J18B.SP $ PROF PRAC OR TRADE DK-50K J18C.SP $ PROF PRAC OR TRADE DK-100K

596

Section D: Income

E3927 E3929 E3930 E3931 E3932 E3933 E3934 E3935 E3936 E3937 E3938 E3939 E3940 HRS 1998: F4642 F4643 F4644 F4645 F4646 F4647 F4648 F4649 F4651 F4652 F4653 F4654 F4655 F4656 F4657 F4658 F4659 F4660 F4661 F4662 F4663 F4664 F4665 F4666 F4667 F4668 F4675 F4676 F4677 F4678 F4679 F4680 F4682 F4683 F4684 F4685 F4686 F4687 F4689 F4690 F4691 F4692 F4693 F4694 F4695 F4696 F4697 F4698 F4699

J18D.SP $ PROF PRAC OR TRADE DK-5K J19.SP TIPS, BONUSES, COMMISSION LCYEAR J19A.SP HOW MUCH TIPS, BONUSES, COMMISSI J19B.SP TIPS BONUS COMM LC_YR DK-5K J19C.SP TIPS BONUS COMM LC_YR DK-25K J19D.SP TIPS BONUS COMM LC_YR DK-50K J19E.SP TIPS BONUS COMM LC_YR DK-2.5K J20.SP 2ND JOB RECEIVE OTHER INCOME J20A.SP HOW MUCH OTHER INCOME J20B.SP $ OTHER INCOME DK-20K J20C.SP $ OTHER INCOME DK-50K J20D.SP $ OTHER INCOME DK-100K J20E.SP $ OTHER INCOME DK-5K J7.R WAGES AND SALARY LCYEAR J8.R HOW MUCH WAGES AND SALARY J8A.R DK-5K J8A.R DK-25,000 J8B.R DK-50,000 J8C.R DK-100,000 J8B.R DK-25,000 J8D.R DK-5,000 J9.R PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE LCYEAR J10.R HOW MUCH PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE J10A.R DK-25,000 J10B.R DK-50,000 J10C.R DK-100,000 J10D.R DK-5,000 J11.R TIPS, BONUSES, COMMISSION LCYEAR J11A.R HOW MUCH TIPS, BONUSES, COMMISSIO J11B.R DK-5,000 J11C.R DK-25,000 J11D.R DK-50,000 J11E.R DK-2,500 J12.R 2ND JOB J12A.HOW MUCH OTHER INCOME LCY J12B.R DK-5,000 J12C.R DK-25,000 J12D.R DK-50,000 J12E.R DK-2,500 J15.SP WAGES AND SALARY LCYEAR J16.SP HOW MUCH WAGES AND SALARY J16A.SP DK-25,000 J16B.SP DK-50,000 J16C.SP DK-100,000 J16D.SP DK-5,000 J17.SP PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE LCYEAR J18.SP HOW MUCH PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE J18A.SP DK-25,000 J18B.SP DK-50,000 J18C.SP DK-100,000 J18D.SP DK-5,000 J19.SP TIPS, BONUSES, COMMISSION LCYEAR J19A.SP HOW MUCH TIPS, BONUSES, COMMISSI J19B.SP DK-5K J19C.SP DK-25K J19D.SP DK-50K J19E.SP DK-2.5K J20.SP 2ND JOB RECEIVE OTHER INCOME J20A.SP HOW MUCH OTHER INCOME J20B.SP DK-20K J20C.SP DK-50K J20D.SP DK-100K

597

Section D: Income

F4700 HRS 2000: G5081 G5082 G5083 G5084 G5085 G5086 G5087 G5088 G5090 G5091 G5092 G5093 G5094 G5095 G5096 G5097 G5098 G5100 G5101 G5102 G5103 G5104 G5105 G5106 G5107 G5114 G5115 G5116 G5117 G5118 G5119 G5121 G5122 G5123 G5124 G5125 G5126 G5128 G5129 G5130 G5131 G5132 G5133 G5134 G5135 G5136 G5137 G5138 G5139 HRS 2002: HQ019 HQ020 HQ021 HQ022 HQ023 HQ024 HQ025 HQ026 HQ027 HQ028 HQ029

598

J20E.SP DK-5K J7.R WAGES AND SALARY LCYEAR J8.R HOW MUCH WAGES AND SALARY J8A.R DK-5K J8Y1A.R DK-25000 J8B.R DK-50000 J8C.R DK-100000 J8Y1B.R DK-25000 J8D.R DK-5000 J9.R PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE LCYEAR J10.R HOW MUCH PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE J10A.R DK-25000 J10B.R DK-50000 J10C.R DK-100000 J10D.R DK-5000 J11.R RCV TIPS/BONUSES/COMMISSION LCY J11A.R AMT TIPS/BONUS/COMMISSION-LCY J11B.R DK-5000 J11D.R DK-50000 J11E.R DK-2500 J12.R 2ND JOB J12A.HOW MUCH OTHER INCOME LCY J12B.R DK-5000 J12C.R DK-25000 J12D.R DK-50000 J12E.R DK-2500 J15.SP WAGES AND SALARY LCYEAR J16.SP HOW MUCH WAGES AND SALARY J16A.SP DK-25000 J16B.SP DK-50000 J16C.SP DK-100000 J16D.SP DK-5000 J17.SP PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE LCYEAR J18.SP HOW MUCH PROF PRACTICE OR TRADE J18A.SP DK-25000 J18B.SP DK-50000 J18C.SP DK-100000 J18D.SP DK-5000 J19.SP RCV TIPS/BONUS/COMMISSION LCY J19A.SP AMT TIPS/BONUS/COMMISSION LCY J19B.SP DK-5K J19C.SP DK-25K J19D.SP DK-50K J19E.SP DK-2500 J20.SP 2ND JOB RECEIVE OTHER INCOME J20A.SP HOW MUCH OTHER INCOME J20B.SP DK-5K J20C.SP DK-25K J20D.SP DK-50K J20E.SP DK-2500 R R R R R R R R R R R

WAGES AND SALARY INCOME - LCY AMOUNT FROM WAGES AND SALARY LCY AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MIN AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MAX AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - RESULT INCOME FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - LCY AMOUNT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE LCY AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - MIN AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - MAX AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - RESULT INCOME FROM TIP BONUS COMMISSION - LCY

Section D: Income

HQ030 HQ031 HQ032 HQ033 HQ034 HQ035 HQ036 HQ037 HQ038 HQ044 HQ045 HQ046 HQ047 HQ048 HQ049 HQ050 HQ051 HQ052 HQ053 HQ054 HQ055 HQ056 HQ057 HQ058 HQ059 HQ060 HQ061 HQ062 HQ063 HRS 2004: JQ019 JQ020 JQ021 JQ022 JQ023 JQ024 JQ025 JQ026 JQ027 JQ028 JQ029 JQ030 JQ031 JQ032 JQ033 JQ034 JQ035 JQ036 JQ037 JQ038 JQ044 JQ045 JQ046 JQ047 JQ048 JQ049 JQ050 JQ051 JQ052 JQ053 JQ054 JQ055 JQ056

R AMOUNT FROM TIP BONUS COMMISSION LCY R AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - MIN R AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - MAX R AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - RESULT R OTHER INCOME FROM WORK 2ND JOB - LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORK 2ND JOB LCY R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MIN R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MAX R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - RESULT SP WAGES AND SALARY INCOME - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM WAGES AND SALARY LCY SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MIN SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MAX SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - RESULT SP INCOME FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE LCY SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - MIN SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - MAX SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - RESULT SP INCOME FROM TIP BONUS COMMISS - LCY SP AMOUNT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS LCY SP AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - MIN SP AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - MAX SP AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - RESULT SP OTHER INC FROM WORK 2ND JOB - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM WORK 2ND JOB LCY SP AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MIN SP AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MAX SP AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - RESULT R WAGES AND SALARY INCOME - LCY R AMOUNT FROM WAGES AND SALARY LCY R AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MIN R AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MAX R AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - RESULT R INCOME FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - LCY R AMOUNT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE LCY R AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - MIN R AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - MAX R AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - RESULT R INCOME FROM TIP BONUS COMMISSION - LCY R AMOUNT FROM TIP BONUS COMMISSION LCY R AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - MIN R AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - MAX R AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - RESULT R OTHER INCOME FROM WORK 2ND JOB - LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORK 2ND JOB LCY R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MIN R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MAX R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - RESULT SP WAGES AND SALARY INCOME - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM WAGES AND SALARY LCY SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MIN SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MAX SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - RESULT SP INCOME FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE LCY SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - MIN SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - MAX SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - RESULT SP INCOME FROM TIP BONUS COMMISS - LCY SP AMOUNT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS LCY SP AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - MIN

599

Section D: Income

JQ057 JQ058 JQ059 JQ060 JQ061 JQ062 JQ063 HRS 2006: KQ019 KQ020 KQ021 KQ022 KQ023 KQ024 KQ025 KQ026 KQ027 KQ028 KQ029 KQ030 KQ031 KQ032 KQ033 KQ034 KQ035 KQ036 KQ037 KQ038 KQ044 KQ045 KQ046 KQ047 KQ048 KQ049 KQ050 KQ051 KQ052 KQ053 KQ054 KQ055 KQ056 KQ057 KQ058 KQ059 KQ060 KQ061 KQ062 KQ063 HRS 2008: LQ019 LQ020 LQ021 LQ022 LQ023 LQ024 LQ025 LQ026 LQ027 LQ028 LQ029 LQ030 LQ031 LQ032

600

SP SP SP SP SP SP SP

AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - MAX AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - RESULT OTHER INC FROM WORK 2ND JOB - LCY AMOUNT FROM WORK 2ND JOB LCY AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MIN AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MAX AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - RESULT

R WAGES AND SALARY INCOME - LCY R AMOUNT FROM WAGES AND SALARY LCY R AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MIN R AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MAX R AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - RESULT R INCOME FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - LCY R AMOUNT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE LCY R AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - MIN R AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - MAX R AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - RESULT R INCOME FROM TIP BONUS COMMISSION - LCY R AMOUNT FROM TIP BONUS COMMISSION LCY R AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - MIN R AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - MAX R AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - RESULT R OTHER INCOME FROM WORK 2ND JOB - LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORK 2ND JOB LCY R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MIN R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MAX R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - RESULT SP WAGES AND SALARY INCOME - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM WAGES AND SALARY LCY SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MIN SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MAX SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - RESULT SP INCOME FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE LCY SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - MIN SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - MAX SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - RESULT SP INCOME FROM TIP BONUS COMMISS - LCY SP AMOUNT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS LCY SP AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - MIN SP AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - MAX SP AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - RESULT SP OTHER INC FROM WORK 2ND JOB - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM WORK 2ND JOB LCY SP AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MIN SP AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MAX SP AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - RESULT R R R R R R R R R R R R R R

WAGES AND SALARY INCOME - LCY AMOUNT FROM WAGES AND SALARY LCY AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MIN AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MAX AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - RESULT INCOME FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - LCY AMOUNT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE LCY AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - MIN AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - MAX AMT FROM PROF PRAC OR TRADE - RESULT INCOME FROM TIP BONUS COMMISSION - LCY AMOUNT FROM TIP BONUS COMMISSION LCY AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - MIN AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - MAX

Section D: Income

LQ033 LQ034 LQ035 LQ036 LQ037 LQ038 LQ044 LQ045 LQ046 LQ047 LQ048 LQ049 LQ050 LQ051 LQ052 LQ053 LQ054 LQ055 LQ056 LQ057 LQ058 LQ059 LQ060 LQ061 LQ062 LQ063 Tracker: AFINR BFINR CFINR DFINR EFINR FFINR GFINR HFINR JFINR KFINR LFINR

601

R AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISSION - RESULT R OTHER INCOME FROM WORK 2ND JOB - LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORK 2ND JOB LCY R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MIN R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MAX R AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - RESULT SP WAGES AND SALARY INCOME - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM WAGES AND SALARY LCY SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MIN SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - MAX SP AMT FROM WAGES AND SALARY - RESULT SP INCOME FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE LCY SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - MIN SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - MAX SP AMT FROM PROF PRAC TRADE - RESULT SP INCOME FROM TIP BONUS COMMISS - LCY SP AMOUNT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS LCY SP AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - MIN SP AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - MAX SP AMT FR TIP BONUS COMMISS - RESULT SP OTHER INC FROM WORK 2ND JOB - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM WORK 2ND JOB LCY SP AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MIN SP AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - MAX SP AMT FROM WORK 2ND JOB - RESULT 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER

FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL

RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT

Section D: Income

602

Household Capital Income Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ICAP H2ICAP H3ICAP H4ICAP H5ICAP H6ICAP H7ICAP H8ICAP H9ICAP

H1ICAP:W1 H2ICAP:W2 H3ICAP:W3 H4ICAP:W4 H5ICAP:W5 H6ICAP:W6 H7ICAP:W7 H8ICAP:W8 H9ICAP:W9

Income:HHold Income:HHold Income:HHold Income:HHold Income:HHold Income:HHold Income:HHold Income:HHold Income:HHold

Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1IFCAP H2IFCAP H3IFCAP H4IFCAP H5IFCAP H6IFCAP H7IFCAP H8IFCAP H9IFCAP

H1IFCAP:W1 H2IFCAP:W2 H3IFCAP:W3 H4IFCAP:W4 H5IFCAP:W5 H6IFCAP:W6 H7IFCAP:W7 H8IFCAP:W8 H9IFCAP:W9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1FBUSIN H2FBUSIN H3FBUSIN H4FBUSIN H5FBUSIN H6FBUSIN H7FBUSIN H8FBUSIN H9FBUSIN

H1FBUSIN:W1 H2FBUSIN:W2 H3FBUSIN:W3 H4FBUSIN:W4 H5FBUSIN:W5 H6FBUSIN:W6 H7FBUSIN:W7 H8FBUSIN:W8 H9FBUSIN:W9

ImpFlag-Business ImpFlag-Business ImpFlag-Business ImpFlag-Business ImpFlag-Business ImpFlag-Business ImpFlag-Business ImpFlag-Business ImpFlag-Business

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1FRNTIN H2FRNTIN H3FRNTIN H4FRNTIN H5FRNTIN H6FRNTIN H7FRNTIN H8FRNTIN H9FRNTIN

H1FRNTIN:W1 H2FRNTIN:W2 H3FRNTIN:W3 H4FRNTIN:W4 H5FRNTIN:W5 H6FRNTIN:W6 H7FRNTIN:W7 H8FRNTIN:W8 H9FRNTIN:W9

ImpFlag-Rental ImpFlag-Rental ImpFlag-Rental ImpFlag-Rental ImpFlag-Rental ImpFlag-Rental ImpFlag-Rental ImpFlag-Rental ImpFlag-Rental

2

H2FRNT1

H2FRNT1:W2 ImpFlag-Rental #1 Inc

Categ

2

H2FRNT2

H2FRNT2:W2 ImpFlag-Rental #2 Inc

Categ

1 2

H1FRNTEX H2FRNTEX

H1FRNTEX:W1 ImpFlag-Rental Exp Inc H2FRNTEX:W2 ImpFlag-Rental Exp Inc

Categ Categ

1 2 3 4

H1FTRSIN H2FTRSIN H3FTRSIN H4FTRSIN

H1FTRSIN:W1 H2FTRSIN:W2 H3FTRSIN:W3 H4FTRSIN:W4

Categ Categ Categ Categ

IncFlag:Household IncFlag:Household IncFlag:Household IncFlag:Household IncFlag:Household IncFlag:Household IncFlag:Household IncFlag:Household IncFlag:Household

ImpFlag-Trust ImpFlag-Trust ImpFlag-Trust ImpFlag-Trust

Income Income Income Income Income Income Income Income Income

Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Inc Inc Inc Inc

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

603

5 6

H5FTRSIN H6FTRSIN

H5FTRSIN:W5 ImpFlag-Trust Inc H6FTRSIN:W6 ImpFlag-Trust Inc

Categ Categ

2

H2FTRS1

H2FTRS1:W2 ImpFlag-Trust #1 Inc

Categ

2

H2FTRS2

H2FTRS2:W2 ImpFlag-Trust #2 Inc

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1FDIVIN H2FDIVIN H3FDIVIN H4FDIVIN H5FDIVIN H6FDIVIN H7FDIVIN H8FDIVIN H9FDIVIN

H1FDIVIN:W1 H2FDIVIN:W2 H3FDIVIN:W3 H4FDIVIN:W4 H5FDIVIN:W5 H6FDIVIN:W6 H7FDIVIN:W7 H8FDIVIN:W8 H9FDIVIN:W9

ImpFlag-Dividend ImpFlag-Dividend ImpFlag-Dividend ImpFlag-Dividend ImpFlag-Dividend ImpFlag-Dividend ImpFlag-Dividend ImpFlag-Dividend ImpFlag-Dividend

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H3FBNDIN H4FBNDIN H5FBNDIN H6FBNDIN H7FBNDIN H8FBNDIN H9FBNDIN

H3FBNDIN:W3 H4FBNDIN:W4 H5FBNDIN:W5 H6FBNDIN:W6 H7FBNDIN:W7 H8FBNDIN:W8 H9FBNDIN:W9

ImpFlag-Bonds ImpFlag-Bonds ImpFlag-Bonds ImpFlag-Bonds ImpFlag-Bonds ImpFlag-Bonds ImpFlag-Bonds

Income Income Income Income Income Income Income

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

H2FSTK1

H2FSTK1:W2 ImpFlag-Stocks #1 Inc

Categ

2

R2FSTK1

R2FSTK1:W2 ImpFlag-Stock #1 Inc

Categ

2

S2FSTK1

S2FSTK1:W2 ImpFlag-Stock #1 Inc

Categ

2

H2FSTK2

H2FSTK2:W2 ImpFlag-Stocks #2 Inc

Categ

2

R2FSTK2

R2FSTK2:W2 ImpFlag-Stock #2 Inc

Categ

2

S2FSTK2

S2FSTK2:W2 ImpFlag-Stock #2 Inc

Categ

2

R2FSTK3

R2FSTK3:W2 ImpFlag-Stock #3 Inc

Categ

2

S2FSTK3

S2FSTK3:W2 ImpFlag-Stock #3 Inc

Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H3FCHKIN H4FCHKIN H5FCHKIN H6FCHKIN H7FCHKIN H8FCHKIN H9FCHKIN

H3FCHKIN:W3 H4FCHKIN:W4 H5FCHKIN:W5 H6FCHKIN:W6 H7FCHKIN:W7 H8FCHKIN:W8 H9FCHKIN:W9

2

H2FSAV1

H2FSAV1:W2 ImpFlag-Savings #1 Inc

Categ

2

H2FSAV2

H2FSAV2:W2 ImpFlag-Savings #2 Inc

Categ

3 4 5 6

H3FCDIN H4FCDIN H5FCDIN H6FCDIN

H3FCDIN:W3 H4FCDIN:W4 H5FCDIN:W5 H6FCDIN:W6

Categ Categ Categ Categ

ImpFlag-Chk/Sv ImpFlag-Chk/Sv ImpFlag-Chk/Sv ImpFlag-Chk/Sv ImpFlag-Chk/Sv ImpFlag-Chk/Sv ImpFlag-Chk/Sv

ImpFlag-CD ImpFlag-CD ImpFlag-CD ImpFlag-CD

Interest Interest Interest Interest Interest Interest Interest

Income Income Income Income

Inco Inco Income Income Income Income Income

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

604

7 8 9

H7FCDIN H8FCDIN H9FCDIN

H7FCDIN:W7 ImpFlag-CD Income H8FCDIN:W8 ImpFlag-CD Income H9FCDIN:W9 ImpFlag-CD Income

Categ Categ Categ

2

R2FIRA1

R2FIRA1:W2 ImpFlag-IRA #1 Inc

Categ

2

S2FIRA1

S2FIRA1:W2 ImpFlag-IRA #1 Inc

Categ

2

R2FIRA2

R2FIRA2:W2 ImpFlag-IRA #2 Inc

Categ

2

S2FIRA2

S2FIRA2:W2 ImpFlag-IRA #2 Inc

Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H3FOTHI1 H4FOTHI1 H5FOTHI1 H6FOTHI1 H7FOTHI1 H8FOTHI1 H9FOTHI1

H3FOTHI1:W3 H4FOTHI1:W4 H5FOTHI1:W5 H6FOTHI1:W6 H7FOTHI1:W7 H8FOTHI1:W8 H9FOTHI1:W9

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

H2FOTHI4

H2FOTHI4:W2 ImpFlag-Other HH Inc #4

Categ

2

H2FOTHI5

H2FOTHI5:W2 ImpFlag-Other HH Inc #5

Categ

2

H2FSFEMP

H2FSFEMP:W2 ImpFlag-Inc from self employmt

Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R3FSEMP R4FSEMP R5FSEMP R6FSEMP R7FSEMP R8FSEMP R9FSEMP

R3FSEMP:W3 R4FSEMP:W4 R5FSEMP:W5 R6FSEMP:W6 R7FSEMP:W7 R8FSEMP:W8 R9FSEMP:W9

ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self

Employment Employment Employment Employment Employment Employment Employment

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S3FSEMP S4FSEMP S5FSEMP S6FSEMP S7FSEMP S8FSEMP S9FSEMP

S3FSEMP:W3 S4FSEMP:W4 S5FSEMP:W5 S6FSEMP:W6 S7FSEMP:W7 S8FSEMP:W8 S9FSEMP:W9

ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self ImpFlag-Self

Employment Employment Employment Employment Employment Employment Employment

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other

HH HH HH HH HH HH HH

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1ICAP H2ICAP H3ICAP H4ICAP H5ICAP H6ICAP H7ICAP H8ICAP H9ICAP

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5287.837 8112.744 12789.366 13457.173 13952.422 12507.801 13018.548 17436.379 14893.230

20809.757 44233.889 48247.765 89441.797 54516.430 71703.171 60060.696 279612.454 58534.764

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

515500.000 3224859.695 2939952.879 7797767.000 3365000.000 7331325.000 3532388.000 25360026.000 3000480.000

H1IFCAP H2IFCAP

12652 19642

0.675 0.730

1.026 1.020

0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

605

H3IFCAP H4IFCAP H5IFCAP H6IFCAP H7IFCAP H8IFCAP H9IFCAP

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.217 1.248 1.219 1.201 1.126 1.117 1.083

1.052 1.129 1.064 0.945 0.997 0.974 0.995

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H1FBUSIN H2FBUSIN H3FBUSIN H4FBUSIN H5FBUSIN H6FBUSIN H7FBUSIN H8FBUSIN H9FBUSIN

12652 11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.744 5.645 5.809 5.944 5.944 5.892 5.889 5.718 5.734

1.190 1.357 1.024 0.723 0.674 0.772 0.799 1.168 1.151

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H1FRNTIN H2FRNTIN H3FRNTIN H4FRNTIN H5FRNTIN H6FRNTIN H7FRNTIN H8FRNTIN H9FRNTIN

12652 11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.448 5.432 5.498 5.586 5.581 5.627 5.670 5.672 5.715

1.632 1.644 1.539 1.458 1.438 1.339 1.284 1.270 1.206

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H2FRNT1

8222

5.751

1.198

1.000

9.000

H2FRNT2

8222

6.037

0.269

1.000

9.000

H1FRNTEX H2FRNTEX

12652 11420

5.936 5.960

0.862 0.675

1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000

H1FTRSIN H2FTRSIN H3FTRSIN H4FTRSIN H5FTRSIN H6FTRSIN

12652 11420 17991 21384 19579 18167

5.981 5.985 5.958 5.974 5.961 5.946

0.605 0.593 0.640 0.647 0.634 0.624

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H2FTRS1

8222

5.993

0.540

1.000

9.000

H2FTRS2

8222

6.042

0.218

6.000

9.000

H1FDIVIN H2FDIVIN H3FDIVIN H4FDIVIN H5FDIVIN H6FDIVIN H7FDIVIN H8FDIVIN H9FDIVIN

12652 11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

4.621 4.720 4.918 5.048 5.069 5.209 5.211 5.236 5.310

2.217 2.139 1.985 1.933 1.901 1.764 1.773 1.756 1.705

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H3FBNDIN H4FBNDIN H5FBNDIN H6FBNDIN H7FBNDIN H8FBNDIN H9FBNDIN

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.766 5.831 5.845 5.838 5.858 5.873 5.876

1.084 1.030 0.967 0.937 0.905 0.861 0.872

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

606

H2FSTK1

8222

5.543

1.494

1.000

9.000

R2FSTK1

8222

5.882

0.858

1.000

9.000

S2FSTK1

8222

6.833

1.227

1.000

9.000

H2FSTK2

8222

6.018

0.411

1.000

9.000

R2FSTK2

8222

6.011

0.236

1.000

9.000

S2FSTK2

8222

6.903

1.001

1.000

9.000

R2FSTK3

8222

6.016

0.175

1.000

9.000

S2FSTK3

8222

6.906

0.993

1.000

9.000

H3FCHKIN H4FCHKIN H5FCHKIN H6FCHKIN H7FCHKIN H8FCHKIN H9FCHKIN

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

3.576 3.838 3.958 4.109 4.087 4.135 4.165

2.297 2.331 2.302 2.240 2.276 2.263 2.287

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H2FSAV1

8222

4.895

2.050

1.000

9.000

H2FSAV2

8222

6.005

0.481

1.000

9.000

H3FCDIN H4FCDIN H5FCDIN H6FCDIN H7FCDIN H8FCDIN H9FCDIN

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.249 5.331 5.361 5.428 5.549 5.428 5.370

1.709 1.688 1.636 1.529 1.404 1.542 1.621

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2FIRA1

8222

5.771

1.126

1.000

9.000

S2FIRA1

8222

6.722

1.496

1.000

9.000

R2FIRA2

8222

6.016

0.184

1.000

9.000

S2FIRA2

8222

6.905

0.995

1.000

9.000

H3FOTHI1 H4FOTHI1 H5FOTHI1 H6FOTHI1 H7FOTHI1 H8FOTHI1 H9FOTHI1

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.929 5.973 5.975 5.969 5.956 5.951 5.968

0.709 0.673 0.605 0.556 0.635 0.627 0.584

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H2FOTHI4

8222

5.873

0.936

1.000

9.000

H2FOTHI5

8222

6.038

0.257

1.000

9.000

H2FSFEMP

11420

5.534

1.515

1.000

9.000

R3FSEMP R4FSEMP R5FSEMP R6FSEMP

17991 21384 19579 18167

5.557 5.574 5.585 5.639

1.448 1.448 1.411 1.316

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

607

R7FSEMP R8FSEMP R9FSEMP

20129 18469 17217

5.545 5.577 5.587

1.446 1.395 1.391

1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000

S3FSEMP S4FSEMP S5FSEMP S6FSEMP S7FSEMP S8FSEMP S9FSEMP

17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.272 6.317 6.342 6.414 6.326 6.371 6.413

1.736 1.719 1.705 1.628 1.733 1.699 1.687

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| H1IFCAP 0.no income | 6715 1.no imputations | 3995 2.some imputation | 1847 9.no Fin Resp | 95

H2IFCAP 9829 6223 3456 134

H3IFCAP 4894 5183 7788 126

H4IFCAP 5841 5853 9483 207

H5IFCAP 5581 5094 8767 137

H6IFCAP 5382 4059 8681 45

H7IFCAP 6391 5425 8224 89

H8IFCAP 5986 4796 7622 65

H9IFCAP 5770 4769 6603 75

Value-------------------------|H1FBUSIN H2FBUSIN H3FBUSIN H4FBUSIN H5FBUSIN H6FBUSIN H7FBUSIN H8FBUSIN H9FBUSIN .Q=Not asked this wv | 8222 1.continuous value | 700 739 652 326 270 394 435 949 856 2.complete bracket | 162 119 61 46 37 74 123 96 3.incomplete bracket | 19 9 8 7 2 6 15 17 5.no value/bracket | 199 67 79 59 59 74 98 193 176 6.no income | 11478 10269 16978 20590 18956 17522 19334 17056 15913 7.DK if income | 180 40 28 133 104 93 93 68 84 9.no Fin Resp | 95 124 126 207 137 45 89 65 75 Value-------------------------|H1FRNTIN H2FRNTIN H3FRNTIN H4FRNTIN H5FRNTIN H6FRNTIN H7FRNTIN H8FRNTIN H9FRNTIN .Q=Not asked this wv | 8222 1.continuous value | 1453 1227 1724 1799 1612 1340 1325 1187 984 2.complete bracket | 157 168 124 125 54 70 74 56 3.incomplete bracket | 18 15 6 19 8 3 14 5 5.no value/bracket | 197 71 89 113 113 124 143 97 112 6.no income | 10720 9798 15855 18983 17452 16451 18359 16923 15852 7.DK if income | 187 25 14 152 121 145 140 109 133 9.no Fin Resp | 95 124 126 207 137 45 89 65 75 Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FRNT1 11420 472 67 7327 346 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FRNT2 11420 8 2 7888 314 10

Value-------------------------|H1FRNTEX H2FRNTEX .Q=Not asked this wv | 8222 1.continuous value | 317 158 5.no value/bracket | 92 99 6.no income | 11560 10976 7.DK if income | 588 63 9.no Fin Resp | 95 124 Value-------------------------|H1FTRSIN H2FTRSIN H3FTRSIN H4FTRSIN H5FTRSIN H6FTRSIN .Q=Not asked this wv | 8222 1.continuous value | 142 114 244 271 256 241 2.complete bracket | 24

Section D: Income

3.incomplete bracket 5.no value/bracket 6.no income 7.DK if income 9.no Fin Resp

608

| | | | |

20 12188 207 95

18 11125 39 124

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FTRS1 11420 77 43 7748 344 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FTRS2 11420 7896 316 10

44 17451 126 126

65 20591 250 207

82 18910 194 137

4 33 17587 233 45

Value-------------------------|H1FDIVIN H2FDIVIN H3FDIVIN H4FDIVIN H5FDIVIN H6FDIVIN H7FDIVIN H8FDIVIN H9FDIVIN .Q=Not asked this wv | 8222 1.continuous value | 3361 2081 2501 2679 2383 1849 2171 1946 1735 2.complete bracket | 1061 1691 1775 1545 1196 1155 1039 788 3.incomplete bracket | 68 78 71 73 62 77 66 52 5.no value/bracket | 1142 184 431 846 935 917 1013 741 618 6.no income | 7835 7849 13075 15238 13893 13464 15055 14098 13446 7.DK if income | 219 53 89 568 613 634 569 514 503 9.no Fin Resp | 95 124 126 207 137 45 89 65 75 Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H3FBNDIN H4FBNDIN H5FBNDIN H6FBNDIN H7FBNDIN H8FBNDIN H9FBNDIN 594 588 471 446 432 386 357 362 364 299 239 272 186 190 20 23 23 30 20 17 18 146 241 299 286 296 221 159 16704 19489 17872 16638 18548 17196 16028 39 472 478 483 472 398 390 126 207 137 45 89 65 75

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FSTK1 11420 776 246 6853 337 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FSTK1 11420 231 78 7674 229 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FSTK1 9123 2297 126 45 4211 163 3673 4

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income |

H2FSTK2 11420 39 6 7846 321

Section D: Income

9.no Fin Resp

609

|

10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FSTK2 11420 10 4 8084 114 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FSTK2 9123 2297 5 3 4440 97 3673 4

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FSTK3 11420 2 8096 114 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FSTK3 9123 2297 1 4448 96 3673 4

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H3FCHKIN H4FCHKIN H5FCHKIN H6FCHKIN H7FCHKIN H8FCHKIN H9FCHKIN 5055 5495 4682 3894 4739 4280 4162 4409 4576 3958 3406 3451 2972 2496 171 153 157 113 122 138 143 794 1460 1514 1963 1629 1673 1338 7204 8649 8297 7841 9373 8603 8265 232 844 834 905 726 738 738 126 207 137 45 89 65 75

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FSAV1 11420 1736 770 5375 331 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FSAV2 11420 59 16 7814 323 10

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp | Value-------------------------|

H3FCDIN 1418 1564 62 447 14280 94 126 R2FIRA1

H4FCDIN 1661 1577 48 831 16408 652 207

H5FCDIN 1419 1339 67 948 14990 679 137

H6FCDIN 1093 1159 43 1026 14079 722 45

H7FCDIN 1040 949 36 855 16545 615 89

H8FCDIN 1243 1020 45 937 14550 609 65

H9FCDIN 1394 912 66 828 13378 564 75

Section D: Income

.Q=Not asked this wv 1.continuous value 5.no value/bracket 6.no income 7.DK if income 9.no Fin Resp

610

| | | | | |

11420 419 58 7496 239 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FIRA1 9123 2297 310 40 4024 171 3673 4

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FIRA2 11420 3 1 8094 114 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FIRA2 9123 2297 2 4447 96 3673 4

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H3FOTHI1 H4FOTHI1 H5FOTHI1 H6FOTHI1 H7FOTHI1 H8FOTHI1 H9FOTHI1 254 293 221 157 228 218 170 96 55 75 57 39 6 2 4 3 2 27 131 109 44 62 48 38 17446 20364 18807 17500 19314 17806 16618 36 389 305 364 357 272 275 126 207 137 45 89 65 75

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FOTHI4 11420 274 51 7543 344 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FOTHI5 11420 6 7891 315 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FSFEMP 8222 1001 141 24 60 10062 8 124

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket |

R3FSEMP 1404 290

R4FSEMP 1631 345

R5FSEMP 1454 267

R6FSEMP 1188 197

R7FSEMP 1616 278

R8FSEMP 1383 232

R9FSEMP 1288 184

Section D: Income

3.incomplete bracket 5.no value/bracket 6.no income 7.DK if income 9.no Fin Resp

611

| | | | |

30 92 16030 19 126

40 136 18968 57 207

32 145 17496 48 137

20 151 16325 241 45

36 201 17828 81 89

15 177 16536 61 65

28 143 15440 59 75

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S3FSEMP 1121 236 24 78 10772 16 5658 86

S4FSEMP 1256 272 30 108 12616 49 6868 185

S5FSEMP 1139 211 20 111 11425 42 6538 93

S6FSEMP 921 146 12 112 10488 146 6306 36

S7FSEMP 1229 222 29 165 11557 74 6776 77

S8FSEMP 1063 176 13 139 10559 50 6417 52

S9FSEMP 960 137 21 113 9674 44 6206 62

General Comments: Income measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD income component is missing it is imputed using the method described in the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in whether unfolding brackets are used to determine a range of income when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. The order in which income questions are asked also changes across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" section earlier in this document. Generally, Wave 1 questions ask about 1991 income, Wave 2H asks about 1993 income, and Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, about income last calendar year, based on the Financial Respondent's interview year. In Waves 2A, 3H, 4, and 5 forward not all interviews are completely conducted in the same year. The HRS and AHEAD income components are summed to create the income measures requested for these files. For each derived income measure a flag indicates whether any or all of its components were imputed. Also included are flags for each HRS and AHEAD income component that indicate the level of imputation used for the individual component. HRS and AHEAD income measures are reported at the household level. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The respondent income measures on this file are those of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the spouse income measures are those of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse income is assigned as the respondent income and the FinR-reported respondent income is assigned as the spouse income.

How Constructed: HwICAP is the sum of household business or farm income, self-employment earnings, business income, gross rent, dividend and interest income, trust funds or royalties, and other asset income. In Waves 1 and 2H, gross rent is calculated from net rent plus rental expenses. HwIFCAP is a flag that indicates whether any components are imputed. The components vary across waves because the survey questions ask about different components. From Wave 3-6, the components are the same, as is the case from Wave 7 forward. The components summed in each wave are: H1ICAP sums income from business, rental, dividend and interest, and trust fund or royalties plus rental expenses. H2ICAP sums income from IRAs; stocks, bonds and other dividends; rental property; savings, cds and other interest income; investment trusts; and other investment income. H3ICAP sums income from self-employment, business, rental, stocks and mutual funds, bonds, CDs and treasury bills, checking and savings accounts, other assets, and trust fund or royalties.

Section D: Income

612

H7ICAP contains the same components as those described for H3ICAP, the only difference being that income from trust funds or royalties was not asked about from Wave 7 forward. H8ICAP contains the same components as those described for H7ICAP. For income from business, however, there is a question that asks whether this income was reported earlier in the interview (KQ161). If yes, the amount from business income is still imputed (or kept if an amount is present), but is NOT included in H8ICAP, as it is assumed to be double-reported, usually as selfemployment income. We will integrate this improvement to earlier waves (where relevant) in future data releases. Variables in the form HwFvar indicate whether the component is imputed, and if so, how much information is available to impute from. Because of the differences in the way income information was collected for the HRS and Ahead samples in wave 2, the income component imputation flags that apply vary, depending on the entry cohort of the respondent. For Ahead entry cohort respondents, H2FBUSIN, H2FSFEMP, H2FRNTIN, H2FRNTEX, H2FDIVIN, and H2FTRSIN are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Wave 2A. For HRS entry cohort respondents, R2FIRA1, S2FIRA1, R2FIRA2, S2FIRA2, R2FSTK1, S2FSTK1, R2FSTK2, S2FSTK2, R2FSTK3, S2FSTK3, H2FSAV1, H2FSAV2, H2FSTK1, H2FSTK2, H2FRNT1, H2FRNT2, H2FTRS1, H2FTRS2, H2FOTHI4, and H2FOTHI5 are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Wave 2H.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The components of household capital income vary across waves. Income from self-employment is not asked in Waves 1 and 2A but is added in Wave 2H, when it is asked of the financial respondent if they are currently self-employed, and appears to be ascertained at the household level as part of business income if the financial respondent is not currently self-employed, or if the spouse had self-employment income last calendar year. From Wave 3 forward, self-employment income is reported for the respondent and spouse separately. In Waves 1 and 2H, questions ask about total interest and dividend income. Beginning in Wave 3, the survey adds separate questions about interest from bonds, CDs or treasury bills, and checking, savings, or money market accounts. Also added in Wave 3 are questions about income from other assets. Most income from assets from Wave 3 forward ask for an amount, how often received, and whether it is the same amount each period. If the same amount is not received each period, then the total amount received last calendar year is asked. If the same amount is received each period, then the amount is multiplied appropriately for the period to arrive at total per year. Beginning in Wave 3, questions ask the income from assets immediately following questions on whether the asset is owned. If no asset is owned, then income from the asset is assumed to be zero. In Waves 1 and 2, income from assets questions are asked in a completely different section of the interview. From Wave 2H forward, with the exception of trust fund income, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value of an income component a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts for income from business, rent, and dividends or interest change from Wave 2H to 3. The entry points for some components vary across waves. In Waves 1 and 2A, no unfolding bracket questions are asked. The income questions in Wave 2A are very different from other waves. Most distinctive are the "regular income" for respondent and spouse and "other household income". After standard questions about Social Security income, SSI and food stamps, other income is asked about in a general way. If other income is present, respondents are asked to specify the source of income. In other waves, most income types are asked specifically (e.g., Do you receive income from stocks?). In Wave 2A, financial respondents are asked the following questions about their own income then their spouse's: a) Do you receive any (other) regular income payments; for example, from retirement pensions, Veterans Benefits, annuities, payments from an IRA account, or anything like that? b) Please think about the largest (other) regular income you receive.

What type of income is that?

Section D: Income

613

[IWER: PROBE WITH CATEGORIES ONLY IF R NEEDS HELP] 1.VETERANS BENEFITS 2.RETIREMENT OR OTHER PENSIONS 3.ANNUITY 4.IRA DISTRIBUTION 5.STOCKS AND BONDS 7.OTHER 8.DK 9.RF This set of questions is repeated twice so that respondents can report up to 3 current other regular incomes. Then they are asked: a) Did you receive any other regular income in [last calendar year] that you no longer receive? b) What type of income was that? (Same categories as above) So there are a total of 4 other regular incomes that can be reported. Categories may be specified more than once, and there are up to 3 different instances of an income like pension or stocks. Besides pensions and annuities, other waves allow only one reported amount for most income categories, so that a respondent would give a total of all dividend income received. Financial respondents are then asked the following questions about their household income: a) (Aside from anything you have already told me about,) Do you (or your (husband/wife/partner)) receive any income from financial investments like savings accounts, CDs, stocks and bonds, rental property, or investment trusts? b) What do you receive the largest income from? [IWER: PROBE WITH CATEGORIES ONLY IF R NEEDS HELP] 1.SAVINGS ACCOUNTS/CDs/INTEREST 2.STOCKS OR BONDS/DIVIDENDS 3.RENTAL PROPERTY 4.INVESTMENT TRUSTS 5.RELATIVE 7.OTHER 8.DK 9.RF This set of questions is repeated once so that respondents can report up to 2 current household investment incomes. Then they are asked:

Section D: Income

614

a) Did you (or your (husband/wife/partner)) receive any income from savings or investments in [last calendar year] that you no longer receive? b) What did you receive that income from? So there are a total of 3 household investment incomes that can be reported. Categories may be specified more than once, and there are up to 2 different instances of an income like savings. If income is received, subsequent questions serve to identify the date of receipt (was income received in last calendar year?) and amount received. There are no unfolding brackets for income in Wave 2A. Resulting Wave 2A Household Capital Income components: Respondent/Spouse or Partner (R/S) IRA1-2 STK1-3 Household (H) SAV1-2 STK1-2 RNT1-2 TRS1-2 OTHI4-5 In Wave 6, the introductory question wording for real estate ownership differs from previous waves. Up until Wave 6, the question reads: Do you (or your husband/or your wife/or your partner/...) have any real estate (other than your main home or second home), such as land, rental real estate, a partnership, or money owed to you on a land contract or mortgage? The new question wording is as follows: Do you and (your (husband/wife/partner)) have any real estate (other than your main home or second home,/other than your main home,/other than your second home,) such as land, rental real estate, or money owed to you on a land contract or mortgage? Please do not include business or farm real estate. From Wave 7 forward, income from trust funds or royalties was not asked about. Therefore, this type of income is not included amongst the components that are used to derive household capital income. For AHEAD respondents in Wave 2A, the income components corresponding to imputation flags H2FBUSIN, H2FSFEMP, H2FRNTIN, H2FRNTEX, H2FDIVIN, and H2FTRSIN are not available. For HRS respondents in Wave 2H, the income components corresponding to imputation flags R2FIRA1, S2FIRA1, R2FIRA2, S2FIRA2, R2FSTK1, S2FSTK1, R2FSTK2, S2FSTK2, R2FSTK3, S2FSTK3, H2FSAV1, H2FSAV2, H2FSTK1, H2FSTK2, H2FRNT1, H2FRNT2, H2FTRS1, H2FTRS2, H2FOTHI4, and H2FOTHI5 are not available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15904 V15905 V15906

N38A:OTHR INCME:FARM:IND N39A:OTHR INC AMT :IND N38B:OTHR INCME:RENT:IND

Section D: Income

V15907 V15908 V15909 V15910 V15911 V15912 V15913 V5904 V5905 V5906 V5907 V5908 V5909 V5910 V5911 V5912 V5913 AHEAD 1993: B1456 B1457 B1458 B1459 B1460 B1462 B1463 B1473 B1475 B1476 B1477 B1478 B1479 B1480 B1481 B1482 B1491 B1492 B1493 B1494 B1495 B1496 B1497 B1498 B1499 B1508 B1509 B1510 B1511 B1512 B1513 B1514 B1515 B1517 B1518 B1519 B1520 B1521 B1522 B1523 B1524 B1533 B1539 B1540 B1541

N39B:OTHR INCME AMT :IND N40B:OTHER INCME NET:IND N40B:OTHR INCME EXP :IND N38C:OTHR INCME:INTE:IND N39C:OTHR INCME AMT :IND N38D:OTHR INCME:TRST:IND N39D:OTHR INCME AMT :IND N38A:OTHR INCME:FARM:IMP N39A:OTHR INCME: AM:IMP N38B:OTHR INCME:RENT:IMP N39B:OTHR INCME: AM:IMP N40B:OTHR INCME:NET :IMP N40Bb:OTHR INCM: EX:IMP N38C:OTHR INCME:INTE:IMP N39C:OTHR INCME: AM:IMP N38D:OTHR INCME:TRST:IMP N39D:OTHR INCME: AM:IMP J19. R REG INC: RECEIVE ANY J20-1. R REG INC: TYPE-1 J21-1. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-1 J21b-1. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-1 J21c-1. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-1 J21e-1. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-1 J21f-1. R REG INC: START MONTH-1 J26-1. R REG INC: ANY OTHER-1 J20-2. R REG INC: TYPE-2 J21-2. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-2 J21b-2. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-2 J21c-2. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-2 J21d-2. R REG INC: FED INC TAXED-2 J21e-2. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-2 J21f-2. R REG INC: START MONTH-2 J21g-2. R REG INC: START YEAR-2 J26-2. R REG INC: ANY OTHER-2 J20-3. R REG INC: TYPE-3 J21-3. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-3 J21b-3. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-3 J21c-3. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-3 J21d-3. R REG INC: FED INC TAXED-3 J21e-3. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-3 J21f-3. R REG INC: START MONTH-3 J21g-3. R REG INC: START YEAR-3 J27. R REG INC: ANY END 1992/3 J27a. R REG INC END1992/3: TYPE J28. R REG INC END 1992/3: PAID PER MO J28a. R REG INC END 1992/3: $ PERIOD J28b.R REG INC END1992/3:$ LAST PERIOD J28c. R REG INC END92/3: LAST MO RECD J28d. R REG INC END92/3: LAST YR RECD J29. SP REG INC: RECEIVE ANY J30-1. SP REG INC: TYPE-1 J31-1. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-1 J31b-1. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-1 J31c-1. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-1 J31d-1. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-1 J31e-1. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-1 J31f-1. SP REG INC: START MONTH-1 J31g-1. SP REG INC: START YEAR-1 J36-1. SP REG INC: ANY OTHER-1 J30-2. SP REG INC: TYPE-2 J31-2. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-2 J31b-2. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-2

615

Section D: Income

B1542 B1543 B1544 B1545 B1546 B1555 B1560 B1561 B1562 B1563 B1564 B1565 B1566 B1567 B1576 B1577 B1578 B1579 B1580 B1581 B1582 B1583 B1584 B1585 B1586 B1587 B1588 B1589 B1590 B1591 B1592 B1593 B1594 B1595 B1596 B1597 B1598 B1599 HRS 1994: W15900 W15901 W15906 W15907 W16287 W16288 W16295 W16296 W16301 W16302 W5900 W5901 W5902 W5906 W5907 W5908 W6287 W6288 W6289 W6293 W6294 W6295 W6296 W6297

J31c-2. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-2 J31d-2. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-2 J31e-2. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-2 J31f-2. SP REG INC: START MONTH-2 J31g-2. SP REG INC: START YEAR-2 J36-2. SP REG INC: ANY OTHER-2 J30-3. SP REG INC: TYPE-3 J31-3. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-3 J31b-3. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-3 J31c-3. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-3 J31d-3. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-3 J31e-3. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-3 J31f-3. SP REG INC: START MONTH-3 J31g-3. SP REG INC: START YEAR-3 J37. SP REG INC: ANY END 92/93 J37a. SP REG INC END 92/93: TYPE J37b. SP REG INC END 92/93: LAST MO RECD J37b. SP REG INC END 92/93: LAST YR RECD J37c. SP REG INC END 92/93: PAID PER MO J37d. SP REG INC END 92/93: $ PERIOD J37e. SP REG INC END 92/93: $ LST PERIOD J40-1. INVEST INC: RECEIVE ANY-1 J41-1. INVEST INC: TYPE-1 J42-1. INVEST INC: $ PERIOD-1 J42a-1. INVEST INC: $ LAST PERIOD-1 J42b-1. INVEST INC: TOTAL $ PD 1992/3-1 J42c-1. INVEST INC: 1992/3 $ PERIOD-1 J40-2. INVEST INC: RECEIVE ANY-2 J41-2. INVEST INC: TYPE-2 J42-2. INVEST INC: $ PERIOD-2 J42a-2. INVEST INC: $ LAST PERIOD-2 J42b-2. INVEST INC: TOTAL $ PD 1992/3-2 J42c-2. INVEST INC: 1992/3 $ PERIOD-2 J43. INVEST INC: ANY END 1992/3 J43a. INVEST INC END 1992/3: TYPE J43b. INVES INC END 92/3: LAST MO RECD-1 J43c. INVES INC END 92/3: LAST YR RECD-2 J43d. INVEST INC END1992/3: $ LAST MO N1. Imputation flag N1a. Imputation flag N2. Imputation flag N2a. Imputation flag N28a. Imputation flag N29a1. Imputation flag N28b. Imputation flag N29b1. Imputation flag N28c. Imputation flag N29c1. Imputation flag N1.SELF-EMPLOYMENT INCOM N1a.AMOUNT SELF-EMPLOYME N1a1. Brackets N2.INCOME FROM BUSINESS/ N2a.AMOUNT BUSINESS INCO N2a1. Brackets N28a.RENTAL INCOME IN 19 N29a1.AMT RENTAL INCOME N29a1. Brackets N29-x1.BEFORE/AFTER EXPE N29-x2.EXPENSES IN 1993 N28b.DIVIDEND/INTEREST I N29b1.AMOUNT DIVIDEND/IN N29b1. Brackets

616

Section D: Income

W6301 W6302 AHEAD 1995: D3983 D3984 D3985 D3986 D3987 D3989 D3990 D3991 D3992 D4024 D4026 D4027 D4029 D4030 D4031 D4032 D4033 D4357 D4358 D4359 D4361 D4363 D4365 D4400 D4402 D4403 D4404 D4406 D4407 D4408 D4440 D4441 D4442 D4443 D4444 D4445 D4446 D4447 D4482 D4483 D4485 D4486 D4488 D4489 D4490 D4517 D4518 D4519 D4520 D4521 D4522 D4523 D4524 D4534_1 D4536_1 D4537_1 D4538_1 D4539_1 D4540_1 D4547_1

N28c.INCOME FROM TRUST F N29c1.AMT TRUST FUND/ROY J16.RENTAL INCOME J16A.RENTAL OFTEN PAID J16B.RENTAL RECEIVE $ PERIOD J16BA.RENTAL RECEIVE SAME AMOUNT J16C.RENTAL RECEIVE $ LCYEAR J16E.RENTAL INCOME DK-1 J16F.RENTAL INC DK-2 J16G.RENTAL INC DK-3 J16H.RENTAL INC DK-4 J19.BUSINESS INCOME J19B.BUSINESS INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J19C.BUSINESS INC SAME J19D.BUS/FARM INCOME $ LCYEAR J19E.BUSINESS INCOME DK-1 J19F.BUSINESS INC DK-2 J19G.BUSINESS INC DK-3 J19H.BUSINESS INC DK-4 J38.STOCKS INCOME J38A.STOCK INC OFTEN J38B.STOCK INCOME $ PERIOD J38D.STOCK INCOME LCY J38E.STOCK INCOME DK-1 J38G.STOCK INC DK-3 J42.BONDS INCOME J42B.BOND INCOME $ PERIOD J42C.BOND INCOME SAME J42D.BOND INCOME LCY J42E.BOND INCOME DK-1 J42F.BOND INC DK-2 J42G.BOND INC DK-3 J45.CHECKING, SAVINGS INCOME J45A.CHECKING INC OFTEN J45B.CHECKING INCOME $ PERIOD J45C.CHECKING INCOME SAME J45D.SAVINGS INTEREST LCY J45E.CHECKING, SAVING INCOME DK-1 J45F.CHECKING, SAVING INC DK-2 J45G.CHECKING, SAVING INC DK-3 J49.CDS INCOME J49A.CD INC OFTEN J49C.CD INCOME SAME J49D.CD INCOME LCY J49E.CD INCOME DK-1 J49F.CD INC DK-2 J49G.CD INC DK-3 J54.OTHER ASSETS INCOME J55.OTHER ASSETS INCOME $ J55A.J55-DK 1 J55B.J55-DK 2 J55C.J55 DK-3 J55D.J55-DK 4 J55E.J55 DK-5 J55F.J55-DK 6 J57A.R EARNINGS SELF EMP J57B.R $ EARNINGS LCY J57B.DK-1 J57C.DK-2 J57D.DK-3 J57E.REPORT PREVIOUS J58A.SP EARNINGS SELF EMP

617

Section D: Income

D4549_1 D4550_1 D4551_1 D4552_1 D4562 D4563 F4025 F4364 F4401 F4484 HRS 1996: E3871 E3875 E3876 E3877 E3878 E3879 E3880 E3908 E3909 E3910 E3911 E3912 E3913 E4070 E4085 E4086 E4087 E4088 E4089 E4091 E4092 E4093 E4096 E4112 E4113 E4114 E4115 E4117 E4118 E4119 E4120 E4121 E4122 E4339 E4358 E4359 E4360 E4361 E4362 E4364 E4365 E4366 E4382 E4401 E4402 E4403 E4404 E4405 E4407 E4408 E4409 E4425

J58B.SP $ EARNINGS LCY J58B.DK-1 J58C.DK-2 J58D.DK-3 J60.TRUST FUND INCOME J60A. TRUST FUNDS $ 1994 GD1G. FIRST BEGIN-MONTH GJ64.AMOUNT OF EARNINGS WHEN LEFT-PER GJ84.HOURS WORK PER WEEK GJ119C.CHILD(REN) CHANGE WORK J1.R OR SP WORK FOR PAY LCYEAR J5.R SELF-EMPLOYMENT LCYEAR J6. R SELF-EMPLOYMENT INCOME AMOUNT J6A.R $ SELF-EMPLOYMENT DK-10K J6B.R $ SELF-EMPLOYMENT DK-25K J6C.R $ SELF-EMPLOYMENT DK-100K J6D.R $ SELF-EMPLOYMENT DK-5K J13.SP SELF-EMPLOYMENT LCYEAR J14.SP HOW MUCH SELF-EMPLOYMENT J14A.SP $ SELF-EMPLOYMENT DK-10K J14B.SP $ SELF-EMPLOYMENT DK-25K J14C.SP $ SELF-EMPLOYMENT DK-100K J14D.SP $ SELF-EMPLOYMENT DK-5K J76.REAL ESTATE J78.RENTAL INCOME J79.RENTAL OFTEN PAID J80.RENTAL RECEIVE $ PERIOD J81.RENTAL RECEIVE SAME AMOUNT J82.RENTAL RECEIVE $ LCYEAR J82A.RENTAL RECEIVE $ LC_YR DK-50K J82B.RENTAL RECEIVE $ LC_YR DK-75K J82C.RENTAL RECEIVE $ LC_YR DK-25K J83.OWN BUSINESS OR FARM J85.BUSINESS INCOME J86.BUSINESS INC OFTEN PAID J87.BUSINESS INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J88.BUSINESS INC SAME J89.BUS/FARM INCOME $ LCYEAR J89A.BUS/FARM INCOME $ LC_YR DK-20K J89B.BUS/FARM INCOME $ LC_YR DK-50K J89C.BUS/FARM INCOME $ LC_YR DK-5K J89D.BUS/FARM INCOME $ LC_YR DK-2K J89E.BUSINESS TELL EARLIER J207.STOCK ASSETS J209.STOCKS INCOME J210.STOCK INC OFTEN J211.STOCK INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J212.STOCK INC SAME J213.STOCK INCOME $ LCYEAR J213A.STOCK INCOME $ LC_YR DK-5K J213B.STOCK INCOME $ LC_YR DK-2 J213C.STOCK INCOME $ LC_YR DK-1K J215.BOND ASSETS J217.BONDS INCOME J218.BONDS INC OFTEN PAID J219.BONDS INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J220.BONDS INC SAME J221.BOND INCOME $ LCYEAR J221A.BOND INCOME $ LC_YR DK-5K J221B.BOND INCOME $ LC_YR DK-20K J221C.BOND INCOME $ LC_YR DK-1K J222.CHECKING,SAVING ASSETS

618

Section D: Income

E4441 E4442 E4443 E4444 E4445 E4446 E4447 E4448 E4464 E4483 E4484 E4485 E4486 E4487 E4489 E4490 E4491 E4513 E4515 E4519 E4520 E4521 E4522 E4563 E4564 HRS 1998: F4633 F4634 F4635 F4636 F4637 F4638 F4639 F4640 F4669 F4670 F4671 F4672 F4672 F4673 F4674 F4830 F4845 F4846 F4847 F4848 F4849 F4851 F4852 F4853 F4856 F4872 F4873 F4874 F4875 F4877 F4878 F4879 F4880 F4881 F4882 F5099 F5118

J224.CHECKING, SAVINGS INCOME J225.CHECKING INC OFTEN J226.CHECKING INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J227.CHECKING INC SAME J228.CHECKING INCOME $ LCYEAR J228A.CHKNG INCOME $ LC_YR DK-2 J228B.CHKNG INCOME $ LC_YR DK-5K J228C.CHKNG INCOME $ LC_YR DK-1K J229.CD,TBILL ASSETS J232.CDS INCOME J233.CD INC OFTEN J234.CD INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J235.CD INC SAME J236.CD INCOME $ LCYEAR J236A.CD INCOME $ LC_YR DK-2K J236B.CD INCOME $ LC_YR DK-5K J236C.CD INCOME $ LC_YR DK-1K J239.OTHER ASSETS J240A.OTHER ASSETS DK-50K J242.OTHER ASSETS INCOME $ J242A.OTHER ASSETS INCOME $ DK-5K J242B.OTHER ASSETS INCOME $ DK-25K J242C.OTHER ASSETS INCOME $ DK-1K J244.TRUST FUND INCOME LCY J245.TRUST FUNDS $LCY J5.R SELF-EMPLOYMENT LCYEAR J6.R HOW MUCH SELF-EMPLOYMENT J6A.R DK-5K J6A.R DK-10,000 J6B.R DK-25,000 J6C.R DK-100,000 J6B.R DK-10,000 J6D.R DK-5,000 J13.SP SELF-EMPLOYMENT LCYEAR J14.SP HOW MUCH SELF-EMPLOYMENT J14A.SP DK-10,000 J14B.SP DK-25,000 J14B.SP DK-25,000 J14C.SP DK-100,000 J14D.SP DK-5,000 J76.REAL ESTATE J78.RENTAL INCOME J79.RENTAL OFTEN PAID J80.RENTAL RECEIVE $ PERIOD J81.RENTAL RECEIVE SAME AMOUNT J82.RENTAL RECEIVE $ LCYEAR J82A.RENTAL INCOME DK-50,000 J82B.RENTAL INC DK-75,000 J82C.RENTAL INC DK-25,000 J83.BUSINESS J85.BUSINESS INCOME J86.BUSINESS INC OFTEN PAID J87.BUSINESS INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J88.BUSINESS INC SAME J89.BUS/FARM INCOME $ LCYEAR J89A.BUSINESS INCOME DK-20,000 J89B.BUSINESS INC DK-50,000 J89C.BUSINESS INC DK-5,000 J89D.BUSINESS INC DK-2,000 J89E.BUSINESS TELL EARLIER J207.STOCK ASSETS J209.STOCKS INCOME

619

Section D: Income

F5119 F5120 F5121 F5122 F5124 F5125 F5126 F5142 F5161 F5162 F5163 F5164 F5165 F5167 F5168 F5169 F5185 F5201 F5202 F5203 F5204 F5205 F5206 F5207 F5208 F5224 F5243 F5244 F5245 F5246 F5247 F5249 F5250 F5251 F5273 F5282 F5283 F5284 F5285 F5286 F5323 F5324 HRS 2000: G5072 G5073 G5074 G5075 G5076 G5077 G5078 G5079 G5108 G5109 G5110 G5111 G5111 G5112 G5113 G5275 G5290 G5291 G5292 G5293

J210.STOCK INC OFTEN J211.STOCK INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J212.STOCK INC SAME J213.STOCK INCOME $ LCYEAR J213A.STOCK INCOME DK-5K J213B.STOCK INC DK-25K J213C.STOCK INC DK-1K J215.BOND ASSETS J217.BONDS INCOME J218.BONDS INC OFTEN PAID J219.BONDS INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J220.BONDS INC SAME J221.BOND INCOME $ LCYEAR J221A.BOND INCOME DK-5K J221B.BOND INC DK-20K J221C.BOND INC DK-1K J222.CHECKING, SAVING ASSETS J224.CHECKING, SAVINGS INCOME J225.CHECKING INC OFTEN J226.CHECKING INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J227.CHECKING INC SAME J228.CHECKING INCOME $ LCYEAR J228A.CHECKING, SAVING INCOME DK-2 J228B.CHECKING, SAVING INC DK-5K J228C.CHECKING, SAVING INC DK-1K J229.CD,TBILL ASSETS J232.CDS INCOME J233.CD INC OFTEN J234.CD INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J235.CD INC SAME J236.CD INCOME $ LCYEAR J236A.CD INCOME DK-2K J236B.CD INC DK-5K J236C.CD INC DK-1K J239.OTHER ASSETS J241.OTHER ASSETS INCOME J242.OTHER ASSETS INCOME $ J242A.DK-5K J242B.DK-25K J242C.DK-1K J244.TRUST FUND INCOME LCY J245.TRUST FUNDS $LCY J5.R SELF-EMPLOYMENT LCYEAR J6.R HOW MUCH SELF-EMPLOYMENT J6A.R DK-5K J6Y1A.R DK-10000 J6B.R DK-25000 J6C.R DK-100000 J6Y1B.R DK-10000 J6D.R DK-5000 J13.SP SELF-EMPLOYMENT LCYEAR J14.SP HOW MUCH SELF-EMPLOYMENT J14A.SP DK-10000 J14B.SP DK-25000 J14B.SP DK-25000 J14C.SP DK-100000 J14D.SP DK-5000 J76.REAL ESTATE J78.RENTAL INCOME J79.RENTAL OFTEN PAID J80.RENTAL RECEIVE $ PERIOD J81.RENTAL RECEIVE SAME AMOUNT

620

Section D: Income

G5294 G5296 G5297 G5298 G5301 G5317 G5318 G5319 G5320 G5322 G5323 G5324 G5325 G5326 G5327 G5554 G5568 G5569 G5570 G5571 G5572 G5574 G5575 G5576 G5587 G5602 G5603 G5604 G5605 G5606 G5608 G5609 G5610 G5620 G5636 G5637 G5638 G5639 G5640 G5641 G5642 G5643 G5650 G5664 G5665 G5666 G5667 G5668 G5670 G5671 G5672 G5694 G5703 G5704 G5705 G5706 G5707 G5717 G5718 HRS 2002: HQ014 HQ015 HQ016

J82.RENTAL RECEIVE $ LCYEAR J82A.RENTAL INCOME DK-50000 J82B.RENTAL INC DK-75000 J82C.RENTAL INC DK-25000 J83.BUSINESS J85.BUSINESS INCOME J86.BUSINESS INC OFTEN PAID J87.BUSINESS INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J88.BUSINESS INC SAME J89.BUS/FARM INCOME $ LCYEAR J89A.BUSINESS INCOME DK-20000 J89B.BUSINESS INC DK-50000 J89C.BUSINESS INC DK-5000 J89D.BUSINESS INC DK-2000 J89E.BUSINESS TELL EARLIER J207.STOCK ASSETS J209.STOCKS INCOME J210.STOCK INC OFTEN J211.STOCK INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J212.STOCK INC SAME J213.STOCK INCOME $ LCYEAR J213A.STOCK INCOME DK-5K J213B.STOCK INC DK-25K J213C.STOCK INC DK-1K J215.BOND ASSETS J217.BONDS INCOME J218.BONDS INC OFTEN PAID J219.BONDS INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J220.BONDS INC SAME J221.BOND INCOME $ LCYEAR J221A. BOND INCOME DK-5K J221B.BOND INC DK-20K J221C.BOND INC DK-1K J222.CHECKING-SAVING ASSETS J224.CHECKING-SAVINGS INCOME J225.CHECKING INC OFTEN J226.CHECKING INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J227.CHECKING INC SAME J228.CHECKING INCOME $ LCYEAR J228A.CHECKING-SAVING INCOME DK-2K J228B.CHECKING-SAVING INC DK-5K J228C.CHECKING-SAVING INC DK-1K J229.CD-TBILL ASSETS J232.CDS INCOME J233.CD INC OFTEN J234.CD INC RECEIVE $ PERIOD J235.CD INC SAME J236.CD INCOME $ LCYEAR J236A.CD INCOME DK-2K J236B.CD INC DK-5K J236C.CD INC DK-1K J239.OTHER ASSETS J241.OTHER ASSETS INCOME J242.OTHER ASSETS INCOME $ J242A.DK-5K J242B.DK-25K J242C.DK-1K J244.TRUST FUND INCOME LCY J245.TRUST FUNDS AMT RCV-LCY R INCOME FROM WORK SELF EMPL - LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORK SELF EMPL LCY R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - MIN

621

Section D: Income

HQ017 HQ018 HQ039 HQ040 HQ041 HQ042 HQ043 HQ133 HQ138 HQ139 HQ141 HQ142 HQ143 HQ144 HQ145 HQ146 HQ147 HQ152 HQ153 HQ155 HQ156 HQ157 HQ158 HQ159 HQ160 HQ161 HQ316 HQ321 HQ322 HQ324 HQ325 HQ326 HQ327 HQ328 HQ329 HQ330 HQ335 HQ336 HQ338 HQ339 HQ340 HQ341 HQ342 HQ343 HQ344 HQ349 HQ350 HQ352 HQ353 HQ354 HQ356 HQ361 HQ362 HQ364 HQ365 HQ366 HQ367 HQ368 HQ369 HQ375 HQ380 HQ381 HQ382

R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - MAX R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - RESULT SP INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM SELF EMPL INCOME LCY SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - MIN SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - MAX SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - RESULT REAL ESTATE ASSET RENTAL INCOME FROM THIS PROPERTY RENTAL INCOME RECEIVE HOW OFTEN RENTAL INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD RENTAL INC SAME AMOUNT PER PERIOD RENTAL INCOME AMOUNT - LCY RENTAL INCOME AMT - MIN RENTAL INCOME AMT - MAX RENTAL INCOME AMT - RESULT BUSINESS OR FARM ASSETS BUSINESS OR FARM INCOME BUSINESS OR FARM INC RECEIVE HOW OFTEN BUSINESS OR FARM INC AMT LAST PERIOD BUSINESS OR FARM INC SAME AMT PER PERIOD BUSINESS OR FARM INC - LCY BUSINESS OR FARM INC - MIN BUSINESS OR FARM INC - MAX BUSINESS OR FARM INC - RESULT BUSINESS INC REPORTED EARLIER IN IW STOCK AND STOCK MUTUAL FUNDS STOCK INCOME STOCK INCOME HOW OFTEN STOCK INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD STOCK INCOME AMOUNT SAME PER PERIOD STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - LCY STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - MIN STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - MAX STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT BOND ASSETS BOND ASSET INTEREST INCOME BOND INCOME HOW OFTEN BOND INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD BOND INCOME AMOUNT SAME PER PERIOD BOND INCOME AMOUNT - LCY BOND INCOME AMOUNT - MIN BOND INCOME AMOUNT - MAX BOND INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT CHECKING SAVINGS MARKET FUNDS CHECKING INTEREST INCOME CHECKING INCOME HOW OFTEN CHECKING INCOME LAST PERIOD CHECKING INCOME PER PERIOD CHECKING INCOME AMOUNT - LCY CDS GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS CDS INTEREST INCOME CDS INCOME HOW OFTEN CDS INCOME LAST PERIOD CDS INCOME SAME PER PERIOD CDS INCOME AMOUNT - LCY CDS INCOME AMOUNT - MIN CDS INCOME AMOUNT - MAX CDS INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT OTHER ASSETS OTHER ASSET INCOME OTHER ASSET INCOME AMOUNT OTHER ASSET INCOME - MIN

622

Section D: Income

HQ383 HQ384 HQ385 HQ386 HQ494 HQ495 HQ496 HRS 2004: JQ014 JQ015 JQ016 JQ017 JQ018 JQ039 JQ040 JQ041 JQ042 JQ043 JQ133 JQ138 JQ139 JQ141 JQ142 JQ143 JQ144 JQ145 JQ146 JQ147 JQ152 JQ153 JQ155 JQ156 JQ157 JQ158 JQ159 JQ160 JQ161 JQ316 JQ321 JQ322 JQ324 JQ325 JQ326 JQ327 JQ328 JQ329 JQ330 JQ335 JQ336 JQ338 JQ339 JQ340 JQ341 JQ342 JQ343 JQ344 JQ349 JQ350 JQ352 JQ353 JQ354 JQ356 JQ361

OTHER ASSET INCOME - MAX OTHER ASSET INCOME - RESULT TRUST OR ROYALTIES INCOME TRUSTS INCOME AMOUNT - LCY CHECKING INCOME - MIN CHECKING INCOME - MAX CHECKING INCOME - RESULT R INCOME FROM WORK SELF EMPL - LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORK SELF EMPL LCY R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - MIN R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - MAX R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - RESULT SP INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM SELF EMPL INCOME LCY SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - MIN SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - MAX SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - RESULT REAL ESTATE ASSET RENTAL INCOME FROM THIS PROPERTY RENTAL INCOME RECEIVE HOW OFTEN RENTAL INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD RENTAL INC SAME AMOUNT PER PERIOD RENTAL INCOME AMOUNT - LCY RENTAL INCOME AMT - MIN RENTAL INCOME AMT - MAX RENTAL INCOME AMT - RESULT BUSINESS OR FARM ASSETS BUSINESS OR FARM INCOME BUSINESS OR FARM INC RECEIVE HOW OFTEN BUSINESS OR FARM INC AMT LAST PERIOD BUSINESS OR FARM INC SAME AMT PER PERIOD BUSINESS OR FARM INC - LCY BUSINESS OR FARM INC - MIN BUSINESS OR FARM INC - MAX BUSINESS OR FARM INC - RESULT BUSINESS INC REPORTED EARLIER IN IW STOCK AND STOCK MUTUAL FUNDS STOCK INCOME STOCK INCOME HOW OFTEN STOCK INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD STOCK INCOME AMOUNT SAME PER PERIOD STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - LCY STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - MIN STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - MAX STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT BOND ASSETS BOND ASSET INTEREST INCOME BOND INCOME HOW OFTEN BOND INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD BOND INCOME AMOUNT SAME PER PERIOD BOND INCOME AMOUNT - LCY BOND INCOME AMOUNT - MIN BOND INCOME AMOUNT - MAX BOND INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT CHECKING SAVINGS MARKET FUNDS CHECKING INTEREST INCOME CHECKING INCOME HOW OFTEN CHECKING INCOME LAST PERIOD CHECKING INCOME PER PERIOD CHECKING INCOME AMOUNT - LCY CDS GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS CDS INTEREST INCOME

623

Section D: Income

JQ362 JQ364 JQ365 JQ366 JQ367 JQ368 JQ369 JQ375 JQ380 JQ381 JQ382 JQ383 JQ384 JQ494 JQ495 JQ496 HRS 2006: KQ014 KQ015 KQ016 KQ017 KQ018 KQ039 KQ040 KQ041 KQ042 KQ043 KQ133 KQ138 KQ139 KQ141 KQ142 KQ143 KQ144 KQ145 KQ146 KQ147 KQ152 KQ153 KQ155 KQ156 KQ157 KQ158 KQ159 KQ160 KQ161 KQ316 KQ321 KQ322 KQ324 KQ325 KQ326 KQ327 KQ328 KQ329 KQ330 KQ335 KQ336 KQ338 KQ339 KQ340 KQ341 KQ342

CDS INCOME HOW OFTEN CDS INCOME LAST PERIOD CDS INCOME SAME PER PERIOD CDS INCOME AMOUNT - LCY CDS INCOME AMOUNT - MIN CDS INCOME AMOUNT - MAX CDS INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT OTHER ASSETS OTHER ASSET INCOME OTHER ASSET INCOME AMOUNT OTHER ASSET INCOME - MIN OTHER ASSET INCOME - MAX OTHER ASSET INCOME - RESULT CHECKING INCOME - MIN CHECKING INCOME - MAX CHECKING INCOME - RESULT R INCOME FROM WORK SELF EMPL - LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORK SELF EMPL LCY R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - MIN R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - MAX R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - RESULT SP INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM SELF EMPL INCOME LCY SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - MIN SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - MAX SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - RESULT REAL ESTATE ASSET RENTAL INCOME FROM THIS PROPERTY RENTAL INCOME RECEIVE HOW OFTEN RENTAL INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD RENTAL INC SAME AMOUNT PER PERIOD RENTAL INCOME AMOUNT - LCY RENTAL INCOME AMT - MIN RENTAL INCOME AMT - MAX RENTAL INCOME AMT - RESULT BUSINESS OR FARM ASSETS BUSINESS OR FARM INCOME BUSINESS OR FARM INC RECEIVE HOW OFTEN BUSINESS OR FARM INC AMT LAST PERIOD BUSINESS OR FARM INC SAME AMT PER PERIOD BUSINESS OR FARM INC - LCY BUSINESS OR FARM INC - MIN BUSINESS OR FARM INC - MAX BUSINESS OR FARM INC - RESULT BUSINESS INC REPORTED EARLIER IN IW STOCK AND STOCK MUTUAL FUNDS STOCK INCOME STOCK INCOME HOW OFTEN STOCK INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD STOCK INCOME AMOUNT SAME PER PERIOD STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - LCY STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - MIN STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - MAX STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT BOND ASSETS BOND ASSET INTEREST INCOME BOND INCOME HOW OFTEN BOND INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD BOND INCOME AMOUNT SAME PER PERIOD BOND INCOME AMOUNT - LCY BOND INCOME AMOUNT - MIN BOND INCOME AMOUNT - MAX

624

Section D: Income

KQ343 KQ344 KQ349 KQ350 KQ352 KQ353 KQ354 KQ356 KQ361 KQ362 KQ364 KQ365 KQ366 KQ367 KQ368 KQ369 KQ375 KQ380 KQ381 KQ382 KQ383 KQ384 KQ494 KQ495 KQ496 HRS 2008: LQ014 LQ015 LQ016 LQ017 LQ018 LQ039 LQ040 LQ041 LQ042 LQ043 LQ133 LQ138 LQ139 LQ141 LQ142 LQ143 LQ144 LQ145 LQ146 LQ147 LQ152 LQ153 LQ155 LQ156 LQ157 LQ158 LQ159 LQ160 LQ161 LQ316 LQ321 LQ322 LQ324 LQ325 LQ326 LQ327 LQ328

BOND INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT CHECKING SAVINGS MARKET FUNDS CHECKING INTEREST INCOME CHECKING INCOME HOW OFTEN CHECKING INCOME LAST PERIOD CHECKING INCOME PER PERIOD CHECKING INCOME AMOUNT - LCY CDS GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS CDS INTEREST INCOME CDS INCOME HOW OFTEN CDS INCOME LAST PERIOD CDS INCOME SAME PER PERIOD CDS INCOME AMOUNT - LCY CDS INCOME AMOUNT - MIN CDS INCOME AMOUNT - MAX CDS INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT OTHER ASSETS OTHER ASSET INCOME OTHER ASSET INCOME AMOUNT OTHER ASSET INCOME - MIN OTHER ASSET INCOME - MAX OTHER ASSET INCOME - RESULT CHECKING INCOME - MIN CHECKING INCOME - MAX CHECKING INCOME - RESULT R INCOME FROM WORK SELF EMPL - LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORK SELF EMPL LCY R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - MIN R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - MAX R INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - RESULT SP INCOME FROM SELF EMPLOYMENT - LCY SP AMOUNT FROM SELF EMPL INCOME LCY SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - MIN SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - MAX SP INC FROM SELF EMPL INC - RESULT REAL ESTATE ASSET RENTAL INCOME FROM THIS PROPERTY RENTAL INCOME RECEIVE HOW OFTEN RENTAL INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD RENTAL INC SAME AMOUNT PER PERIOD RENTAL INCOME AMOUNT - LCY RENTAL INCOME AMT - MIN RENTAL INCOME AMT - MAX RENTAL INCOME AMT - RESULT BUSINESS OR FARM ASSETS BUSINESS OR FARM INCOME BUSINESS OR FARM INC RECEIVE HOW OFTEN BUSINESS OR FARM INC AMT LAST PERIOD BUSINESS OR FARM INC SAME AMT PER PERIOD BUSINESS OR FARM INC - LCY BUSINESS OR FARM INC - MIN BUSINESS OR FARM INC - MAX BUSINESS OR FARM INC - RESULT BUSINESS INC REPORTED EARLIER IN IW STOCK AND STOCK MUTUAL FUNDS STOCK INCOME STOCK INCOME HOW OFTEN STOCK INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD STOCK INCOME AMOUNT SAME PER PERIOD STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - LCY STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - MIN STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - MAX

625

Section D: Income

LQ329 LQ330 LQ335 LQ336 LQ338 LQ339 LQ340 LQ341 LQ342 LQ343 LQ344 LQ349 LQ350 LQ352 LQ353 LQ354 LQ356 LQ361 LQ362 LQ364 LQ365 LQ366 LQ367 LQ368 LQ369 LQ375 LQ380 LQ381 LQ382 LQ383 LQ384 LQ494 LQ495 LQ496

STOCK INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT BOND ASSETS BOND ASSET INTEREST INCOME BOND INCOME HOW OFTEN BOND INCOME AMOUNT LAST PERIOD BOND INCOME AMOUNT SAME PER PERIOD BOND INCOME AMOUNT - LCY BOND INCOME AMOUNT - MIN BOND INCOME AMOUNT - MAX BOND INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT CHECKING SAVINGS MARKET FUNDS CHECKING INTEREST INCOME CHECKING INCOME HOW OFTEN CHECKING INCOME LAST PERIOD CHECKING INCOME PER PERIOD CHECKING INCOME AMOUNT - LCY CDS GOVT SAVINGS TBILLS CDS INTEREST INCOME CDS INCOME HOW OFTEN CDS INCOME LAST PERIOD CDS INCOME SAME PER PERIOD CDS INCOME AMOUNT - LCY CDS INCOME AMOUNT - MIN CDS INCOME AMOUNT - MAX CDS INCOME AMOUNT - RESULT OTHER ASSETS OTHER ASSET INCOME OTHER ASSET INCOME AMOUNT OTHER ASSET INCOME - MIN OTHER ASSET INCOME - MAX OTHER ASSET INCOME - RESULT CHECKING INCOME - MIN CHECKING INCOME - MAX CHECKING INCOME - RESULT

626

Section D: Income

627

Individual Income from Employer Pension or Annuity Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IPENA R2IPENA R3IPENA R4IPENA R5IPENA R6IPENA R7IPENA R8IPENA R9IPENA

R1IPENA:W1 R2IPENA:W2 R3IPENA:W3 R4IPENA:W4 R5IPENA:W5 R6IPENA:W6 R7IPENA:W7 R8IPENA:W8 R9IPENA:W9

Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R

Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension

+ + + + + + + + +

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IPENA S2IPENA S3IPENA S4IPENA S5IPENA S6IPENA S7IPENA S8IPENA S9IPENA

S1IPENA:W1 S2IPENA:W2 S3IPENA:W3 S4IPENA:W4 S5IPENA:W5 S6IPENA:W6 S7IPENA:W7 S8IPENA:W8 S9IPENA:W9

Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IFPENA R2IFPENA R3IFPENA R4IFPENA R5IFPENA R6IFPENA R7IFPENA R8IFPENA R9IFPENA

R1IFPENA:W1 R2IFPENA:W2 R3IFPENA:W3 R4IFPENA:W4 R5IFPENA:W5 R6IFPENA:W6 R7IFPENA:W7 R8IFPENA:W8 R9IFPENA:W9

IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IFPENA S2IFPENA S3IFPENA S4IFPENA S5IFPENA S6IFPENA S7IFPENA S8IFPENA S9IFPENA

S1IFPENA:W1 S2IFPENA:W2 S3IFPENA:W3 S4IFPENA:W4 S5IFPENA:W5 S6IFPENA:W6 S7IFPENA:W7 S8IFPENA:W8 S9IFPENA:W9

IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp

1

R1FPEN

R1FPEN:W1 ImpFlag-Pension Inc

Categ

1

S1FPEN

S1FPEN:W1 ImpFlag-Pension Inc

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R2FPEN1 R3FPEN1 R4FPEN1 R5FPEN1 R6FPEN1 R7FPEN1 R8FPEN1

R2FPEN1:W2 R3FPEN1:W3 R4FPEN1:W4 R5FPEN1:W5 R6FPEN1:W6 R7FPEN1:W7 R8FPEN1:W8

Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension

Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity

+ + + + + + + + +

Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension

+ + + + + + + + +

Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension Pension

ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity

+ + + + + + + + +

Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity Annuity

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

628

9

R9FPEN1

R9FPEN1:W9 ImpFlag-Pension #1 Inc

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FPEN1 S3FPEN1 S4FPEN1 S5FPEN1 S6FPEN1 S7FPEN1 S8FPEN1 S9FPEN1

S2FPEN1:W2 S3FPEN1:W3 S4FPEN1:W4 S5FPEN1:W5 S6FPEN1:W6 S7FPEN1:W7 S8FPEN1:W8 S9FPEN1:W9

ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2FPEN2 R3FPEN2 R4FPEN2 R5FPEN2 R6FPEN2 R7FPEN2 R8FPEN2 R9FPEN2

R2FPEN2:W2 R3FPEN2:W3 R4FPEN2:W4 R5FPEN2:W5 R6FPEN2:W6 R7FPEN2:W7 R8FPEN2:W8 R9FPEN2:W9

ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FPEN2 S3FPEN2 S4FPEN2 S5FPEN2 S6FPEN2 S7FPEN2 S8FPEN2 S9FPEN2

S2FPEN2:W2 S3FPEN2:W3 S4FPEN2:W4 S5FPEN2:W5 S6FPEN2:W6 S7FPEN2:W7 S8FPEN2:W8 S9FPEN2:W9

ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2FPEN3 R3FPEN3 R4FPEN3 R5FPEN3 R6FPEN3 R7FPEN3 R8FPEN3 R9FPEN3

R2FPEN3:W2 R3FPEN3:W3 R4FPEN3:W4 R5FPEN3:W5 R6FPEN3:W6 R7FPEN3:W7 R8FPEN3:W8 R9FPEN3:W9

ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension

#3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FPEN3 S3FPEN3 S4FPEN3 S5FPEN3 S6FPEN3 S7FPEN3 S8FPEN3 S9FPEN3

S2FPEN3:W2 S3FPEN3:W3 S4FPEN3:W4 S5FPEN3:W5 S6FPEN3:W6 S7FPEN3:W7 S8FPEN3:W8 S9FPEN3:W9

ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension ImpFlag-Pension

#3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

R1FANN

R1FANN:W1 ImpFlag-Annuity Inc

Categ

1

S1FANN

S1FANN:W1 ImpFlag-Annuity Inc

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7

R2FANN1 R3FANN1 R4FANN1 R5FANN1 R6FANN1 R7FANN1

R2FANN1:W2 R3FANN1:W3 R4FANN1:W4 R5FANN1:W5 R6FANN1:W6 R7FANN1:W7

ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

629

8 9

R8FANN1 R9FANN1

R8FANN1:W8 ImpFlag-Annuity #1 Inc R9FANN1:W9 ImpFlag-Annuity #1 Inc

Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FANN1 S3FANN1 S4FANN1 S5FANN1 S6FANN1 S7FANN1 S8FANN1 S9FANN1

S2FANN1:W2 S3FANN1:W3 S4FANN1:W4 S5FANN1:W5 S6FANN1:W6 S7FANN1:W7 S8FANN1:W8 S9FANN1:W9

ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2FANN2 R3FANN2 R4FANN2 R5FANN2 R6FANN2 R7FANN2 R8FANN2 R9FANN2

R2FANN2:W2 R3FANN2:W3 R4FANN2:W4 R5FANN2:W5 R6FANN2:W6 R7FANN2:W7 R8FANN2:W8 R9FANN2:W9

ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FANN2 S3FANN2 S4FANN2 S5FANN2 S6FANN2 S7FANN2 S8FANN2 S9FANN2

S2FANN2:W2 S3FANN2:W3 S4FANN2:W4 S5FANN2:W5 S6FANN2:W6 S7FANN2:W7 S8FANN2:W8 S9FANN2:W9

ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2FANN3 R3FANN3 R4FANN3 R5FANN3 R6FANN3 R7FANN3 R8FANN3 R9FANN3

R2FANN3:W2 R3FANN3:W3 R4FANN3:W4 R5FANN3:W5 R6FANN3:W6 R7FANN3:W7 R8FANN3:W8 R9FANN3:W9

ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity

#3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FANN3 S3FANN3 S4FANN3 S5FANN3 S6FANN3 S7FANN3 S8FANN3 S9FANN3

S2FANN3:W2 S3FANN3:W3 S4FANN3:W4 S5FANN3:W5 S6FANN3:W6 S7FANN3:W7 S8FANN3:W8 S9FANN3:W9

ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity ImpFlag-Annuity

#3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable R1IPENA R2IPENA R3IPENA R4IPENA R5IPENA

N 12652 19642 17991 21384 19579

Mean 1145.623 2548.778 3016.161 3244.719 3916.138

Std Dev 4789.085 10709.310 12972.610 9444.393 13286.478

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 85000.000 480800.000 734400.000 300000.000 696240.000

Section D: Income

630

R6IPENA R7IPENA R8IPENA R9IPENA

18167 20129 18469 17217

4381.411 4668.001 4751.942 8841.159

15608.833 33503.643 19724.179 457849.242

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1196388.000 2748372.000 1390440.000 60000000.000

S1IPENA S2IPENA S3IPENA S4IPENA S5IPENA S6IPENA S7IPENA S8IPENA S9IPENA

10279 13672 12333 14515 13041 11861 13353 12052 11011

1210.612 2658.912 3067.062 3152.110 3884.396 4438.910 4600.460 4612.710 5751.040

4914.094 11163.846 12963.447 9039.931 13452.896 17178.983 32249.139 20377.333 71035.878

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

85000.000 459600.000 734400.000 225000.000 696240.000 1196388.000 2160000.000 1390440.000 7200000.000

R1IFPENA R2IFPENA R3IFPENA R4IFPENA R5IFPENA R6IFPENA R7IFPENA R8IFPENA R9IFPENA

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.188 0.359 0.406 0.438 0.447 0.428 0.396 0.399 0.411

0.851 0.901 0.925 1.034 0.940 0.758 0.829 0.788 0.825

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1IFPENA S2IFPENA S3IFPENA S4IFPENA S5IFPENA S6IFPENA S7IFPENA S8IFPENA S9IFPENA

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.668 2.672 2.773 2.859 2.945 3.034 2.934 3.019 3.128

3.155 3.604 3.621 3.657 3.661 3.675 3.678 3.693 3.723

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1FPEN

12652

5.608

1.409

1.000

9.000

S1FPEN

12652

6.046

1.603

1.000

9.000

R2FPEN1 R3FPEN1 R4FPEN1 R5FPEN1 R6FPEN1 R7FPEN1 R8FPEN1 R9FPEN1

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.022 4.826 4.839 4.700 4.682 4.838 4.786 4.772

2.021 2.137 2.141 2.206 2.191 2.114 2.141 2.157

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2FPEN1 S3FPEN1 S4FPEN1 S5FPEN1 S6FPEN1 S7FPEN1 S8FPEN1 S9FPEN1

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.977 5.893 5.953 5.904 5.929 6.005 6.000 6.028

2.121 2.231 2.208 2.276 2.278 2.173 2.207 2.223

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2FPEN2 R3FPEN2 R4FPEN2 R5FPEN2 R6FPEN2 R7FPEN2

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129

5.965 5.903 5.913 5.884 5.869 5.869

0.612 0.817 0.841 0.883 0.869 0.885

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

631

R8FPEN2 R9FPEN2

18469 17217

5.853 5.843

0.885 0.922

1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000

S2FPEN2 S3FPEN2 S4FPEN2 S5FPEN2 S6FPEN2 S7FPEN2 S8FPEN2 S9FPEN2

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.587 6.575 6.608 6.613 6.629 6.609 6.628 6.645

1.065 1.152 1.152 1.172 1.184 1.188 1.180 1.217

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2FPEN3 R3FPEN3 R4FPEN3 R5FPEN3 R6FPEN3 R7FPEN3 R8FPEN3 R9FPEN3

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.021 6.016 6.027 6.017 6.006 6.009 5.996 5.994

0.312 0.351 0.398 0.376 0.326 0.343 0.324 0.361

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2FPEN3 S3FPEN3 S4FPEN3 S5FPEN3 S6FPEN3 S7FPEN3 S8FPEN3 S9FPEN3

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.625 6.638 6.667 6.680 6.701 6.682 6.695 6.722

0.949 0.968 0.981 0.979 0.979 0.979 0.986 1.001

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1FANN

12652

5.993

0.492

1.000

9.000

S1FANN

12652

6.375

0.902

1.000

9.000

R2FANN1 R3FANN1 R4FANN1 R5FANN1 R6FANN1 R7FANN1 R8FANN1 R9FANN1

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.939 5.917 5.912 5.904 5.879 5.890 5.856 5.856

0.731 0.767 0.843 0.824 0.842 0.826 0.905 0.927

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2FANN1 S3FANN1 S4FANN1 S5FANN1 S6FANN1 S7FANN1 S8FANN1 S9FANN1

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.580 6.585 6.611 6.624 6.637 6.628 6.625 6.658

1.095 1.119 1.144 1.143 1.168 1.139 1.201 1.203

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2FANN2 R3FANN2 R4FANN2 R5FANN2 R6FANN2 R7FANN2 R8FANN2 R9FANN2

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.024 6.006 6.019 6.015 5.997 6.000 5.978 5.982

0.301 0.430 0.465 0.419 0.409 0.432 0.438 0.439

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2FANN2 S3FANN2

19642 17991

6.627 6.635

0.943 0.981

1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

632

S4FANN2 S5FANN2 S6FANN2 S7FANN2 S8FANN2 S9FANN2

21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.666 6.682 6.700 6.681 6.688 6.716

0.991 0.981 0.991 0.990 1.007 1.019

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2FANN3 R3FANN3 R4FANN3 R5FANN3 R6FANN3 R7FANN3 R8FANN3 R9FANN3

11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.033 6.021 6.035 6.028 6.017 6.021 6.002 6.005

0.333 0.333 0.376 0.336 0.277 0.300 0.277 0.286

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S2FANN3 S3FANN3 S4FANN3 S5FANN3 S6FANN3 S7FANN3 S8FANN3 S9FANN3

11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.430 6.643 6.673 6.688 6.707 6.690 6.699 6.728

0.840 0.956 0.970 0.963 0.968 0.964 0.974 0.981

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1IFPENA R2IFPENA R3IFPENA R4IFPENA R5IFPENA R6IFPENA R7IFPENA R8IFPENA R9IFPENA 0.no income | 11235 14549 12682 15033 13220 12113 14175 12787 11821 1.no imputations | 1126 4070 4199 4789 4926 4641 4556 4445 4243 2.some imputation | 196 889 984 1355 1296 1368 1309 1172 1078 9.no Fin Resp | 95 134 126 207 137 45 89 65 75 Value-------------------------|S1IFPENA S2IFPENA S3IFPENA S4IFPENA S5IFPENA S6IFPENA S7IFPENA S8IFPENA S9IFPENA 0.no income | 9079 10359 9016 10633 9261 8310 9889 8741 7920 1.no imputations | 947 2622 2606 2876 2859 2689 2626 2560 2405 2.some imputation | 158 588 625 821 828 826 761 699 624 8.no Sp/Part->no incm | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6776 6417 6206 9.no Fin Resp | 95 103 86 185 93 36 77 52 62 Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R1FPEN 1041 110 11340 66 95

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S1FPEN 881 93 9157 53 2373 95

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FPEN1 3880

498 14847 283 134

R3FPEN1 4136 106 13 485 13001 124 126

R4FPEN1 4683 433 47 379 15422 213 207

R5FPEN1 4829 327 56 445 13582 203 137

R6FPEN1 4499 293 49 515 12525 241 45

R7FPEN1 4432 283 34 463 14627 201 89

R8FPEN1 4258 244 37 416 13270 179 65

R9FPEN1 4045 212 41 348 12317 179 75

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value |

S2FPEN1 2521

S3FPEN1 2578

S4FPEN1 2818

S5FPEN1 2819

S6FPEN1 2615

S7FPEN1 2561

S8FPEN1 2445

S9FPEN1 2287

Section D: Income

2.complete bracket 3.incomplete bracket 5.no value/bracket 6.no income 7.DK if income 8.No spouse/partner 9.no Fin Resp

633

| | | | | | |

303 10537 208 5970 103

90 11 280 9223 65 5658 86

256 22 246 10851 138 6868 185

213 39 296 9460 121 6538 93

168 32 318 8545 147 6306 36

163 19 287 10132 114 6776 77

134 23 272 9022 104 6417 52

123 27 210 8193 109 6206 62

R4FPEN2 502 35 4 45 20369 222 207

R5FPEN2 537 35 5 47 18614 204 137

R6FPEN2 509 35 4 54 17275 245 45

R7FPEN2 584 27 1 71 19158 199 89

R8FPEN2 549 30 4 44 17772 5 65

R9FPEN2 554 28 3 44 16509 4 75

S5FPEN2 270 21 2 29 12506 120 6538 93

S6FPEN2 265 18 3 32 11360 147 6306 36

S7FPEN2 306 16 1 45 12797 111 6776 77

S8FPEN2 262 16 2 24 11692 4 6417 52

S9FPEN2 279 17 1 22 10628 2 6206 62

R7FPEN3 51 5 11 19774 199 89

R8FPEN3 49 7 7 18336 5 65

R9FPEN3 57 8 14 17059 4 75

S8FPEN3 26 5 3 11962 4 6417 52

S9FPEN3 30 4 7 10906 2 6206 62

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FPEN2 240

R3FPEN2 428 12

32 19090 146 134

45 17271 109 126

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FPEN2 164

S3FPEN2 247 9

24 13263 118 5970 103

25 11907 59 5658 86

S4FPEN2 266 20 1 26 13874 144 6868 185

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FPEN3 23

R3FPEN3 39

R4FPEN3 52

R5FPEN3 53

R6FPEN3 51

2 19351 132 134

4 17712 110 126

11 20892 222 207

15 19170 204 137

7 17819 245 45

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FPEN3 17

S3FPEN3 29

S4FPEN3 32

S5FPEN3 29

S6FPEN3 26

1 13440 111 5970 103

2 12157 59 5658 86

6 14149 144 6868 185

9 12790 120 6538 93

4 11648 147 6306 36

S7FPEN3 28 3 8 13126 111 6776 77

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FANN1 360

R3FANN1 354 22 1 186 17129 173 126

R4FANN1 443 120 14 80 20214 306 207

R5FANN1 416 84 11 111 18543 277 137

R6FANN1 435 82 10 127 17139 329 45

R7FANN1 458 75 8 159 19050 290 89

R8FANN1 534 69 7 158 17370 266 65

R9FANN1 522 58 11 124 16136 291 75

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket |

S2FANN1 204

S3FANN1 188 21

S4FANN1 229 52

S5FANN1 209 46

S6FANN1 221 48

S7FANN1 220 29

S8FANN1 275 37

S9FANN1 254 24

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R1FANN 85 20 12386 66 95

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S1FANN 66 12 10053 53 2373 95

78 18792 278 134

Section D: Income

3.incomplete bracket 5.no value/bracket 6.no income 7.DK if income 8.No spouse/partner 9.no Fin Resp

634

| | | | | |

48 13109 208 5970 103

1 122 11820 95 5658 86

5 54 13798 193 6868 185

3 68 12453 169 6538 93

1 67 11274 214 6306 36

3 88 12774 162 6776 77

3 74 11446 165 6417 52

4 64 10430 173 6206 62

R4FANN2 80 23 5 26 20721 322 207

R5FANN2 65 15 2 25 19033 302 137

R6FANN2 78 19 1 38 17660 326 45

R7FANN2 91 18 3 39 19571 318 89

R8FANN2 99 25 3 32 18217 28 65

R9FANN2 94 15 1 29 16978 25 75

S5FANN2 26 9

S6FANN2 34 7

S7FANN2 41 4

S9FANN2 49 4

8 12727 178 6538 93

12 11561 211 6306 36

19 13045 167 6776 77

S8FANN2 41 16 2 18 11917 6 6417 52

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FANN2 17

R3FANN2 79 1

4 19333 154 134

43 17578 164 126

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FANN2 10

S3FANN2 41 1

4 13425 130 5970 103

23 12091 91 5658 86

S4FANN2 39 9 1 15 14074 193 6868 185

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FANN3 8222 5

R3FANN3

R4FANN3

R5FANN3

R6FANN3

R7FANN3

R8FANN3

R9FANN3

27

33

27

22 7

24 5

1 11254 36 124

30 17644 164 126

33 20789 322 207

20 19093 302 137

11 17756 326 45

17 19676 318 89

27 6 2 15 18326 28 65

23 7 1 10 17076 25 75

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FANN3 4549 3673 2

S3FANN3

S4FANN3

S5FANN3

S6FANN3

S7FANN3

S8FANN3

S9FANN3

15

17

10

14 1

11 1

11 2

1 8988 33 2297 99

19 12122 91 5658 86

17 14104 193 6868 185

9 12751 178 6538 93

4 11595 211 6306 36

9 13088 167 6776 77

13 2 2 8 11969 6 6417 52

16 10873 7 6206 62

6 10923 7 6206 62

General Comments: Income measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD income component is missing it is imputed using the method described in the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in whether unfolding brackets are used to determine a range of income when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. The order in which income questions are asked also changes across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" section earlier in this document. Generally, Wave 1 questions ask about 1991 income, Wave 2H asks about 1993 income, and Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, about income last calendar year, based on the Financial Respondent's interview year. In Waves 2A, 3H, 4, and 5 forward not all interviews are completely conducted in the same year. The HRS and AHEAD income components are summed to create the income measures requested for these files. For each derived income measure a flag indicates whether any or all of its components were imputed. Also included are flags for each HRS and AHEAD income component that indicate the level of imputation used for the individual component.

Section D: Income

635

HRS and AHEAD income measures are reported at the household level. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The respondent income measures on this file are those of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the spouse income measures are those of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse income is assigned as the respondent income and the FinR-reported respondent income is assigned as the spouse income.

How Constructed: RwIPENA is the sum of the respondent's income from all pensions and annuities. that indicates whether any components are imputed. SwIPENA is the sum of the spouse's income from all pensions and annuities. indicates whether any components are imputed.

RwIFPENA is a flag

SwIFPENA is a flag that

Pension amounts are obtained separately for the Financial Respondent and spouse in all waves. In Wave 1 there is one annual amount for all pension income. From Wave 2 forward, up to 3 monthly amounts can be reported for pensions. The month the respondent or spouse first received the pension is asked for the first 2 pensions. Annuity income questions are asked in the same way as is done for pensions. Beginning in Wave 2, the start month is checked for the first 2 pensions or annuities, and the appropriate number of months are used to calculate yearly income. For the third monthly amount reported, no start month is available beginning in Wave 2H, and the monthly amount is multiplied by 12 months. The RwFvar flags indicate whether the components are imputed, and if so, how much information is available to impute from. Because of the differences in the way income information was collected for the HRS and AHEAD samples in Wave 2, the income component imputation flags that apply vary, depending on the entry cohort of the respondent. For AHEAD entry cohort respondents, R2FANN3 and S2FANN3 are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Wave 2A. Users should note that there is one respondent in Wave 9 (HHIDPN: 10013010) who reported receiving a (monthly) first pension (LQ220_1) of $5,000,000. Multiplying this amount by 12 months results in $60,000,000 annually from this pension alone. The accuracy of this amount has been confirmed by HRS. There is also one spouse (HHIDPN: 79230030) who reported receiving a (monthly) first pension (LQ246_1) of $600,000. Multiplying this amount by 12 months results in $7,200,000 annually from this pension alone. HRS has stated that the reported amount is a lump sum. However, examination of other questions suggest that this pension started in 2003 (LQ257_1). Therefore, we have decided to consider this a monthly amount, which again will result in the large annual total stated above. There is also one spouse (HHIDPN: 86508010) who reported receiving income from a third pension, but did not provide a specific amount. The amount that was imputed was $43,222, which results in a yearly total of roughly $520,000.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, income is reported as the total amount received in 1991 from all pensions. Pension income is reported separately for respondent and spouse. From Wave 2 forward, monthly income from up to 2 pensions are asked about individually and monthly income from any additional pensions are reported as a 3rd amount. These three amounts are reported separately for respondent and spouse. Also, beginning in Wave 2, the month R or spouse first received the pension is asked for the first two pensions. The same is true for annuities. Beginning in Wave 3H, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the amount received last month from the first 2 pensions and annuities, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket

Section D: Income

636

amounts and entry points are the same across waves. In Waves 1, 2, and 3A no unfolding bracket questions are asked. Beginning in Wave 6, bracket questions are asked for the third pension and annuity. The income questions in the Wave 2A are very different from other waves. Most distinctive are the "regular income" for respondent and spouse and "other household income". After standard questions about Social Security income, SSI and food stamps, other income is asked about in a general way. If other income is present, respondents are asked to specify the source of income. In other waves, most income types are asked specifically (e.g., Do you receive pension income?). In Wave 2A, financial respondents are asked the following questions about their own income then their spouse's: a) Do you receive any (other) regular income payments; for example, from retirement pensions, Veterans Benefits, annuities, payments from an IRA account, or anything like that? b) Please think about the largest (other) regular income you receive.

What type of income is that?

[IWER: PROBE WITH CATEGORIES ONLY IF R NEEDS HELP] 1.VETERANS BENEFITS 2.RETIREMENT OR OTHER PENSIONS 3.ANNUITY 4.IRA DISTRIBUTION 5.STOCKS AND BONDS 7.OTHER 8.DK 9.RF This set of questions is repeated twice so that respondents can report up to 3 current other regular incomes. Then they are asked: a) Did you receive any other regular income in [last calendar year] that you no longer receive? b) What type of income was that? (Same categories as above) So there are a total of 4 other regular incomes that can be reported. Categories may be specified more than once, and there are up to 3 different instances of pension income and up to 2 different reports of annuity income. If income is received, financial respondents are then asked questions that serve to identify the frequency (was that paid to you monthly?) and amount (how much did you receive last [month/period/year] from that?) received, and when payments were stopped (what month did you stop receiving that?). There are no unfolding brackets for income in Wave 2A. For AHEAD respondents in Wave 2A, the income components corresponding to imputation flags R2FANN3 and S2FANN3 are not available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15714 V15715 V15716

N25A:WHO RECVD RET P:IND N26:RET PN:R1TYPE IN:IND N26A RET PEN:R1 AMTI:IND

Section D: Income

V15720 V15724 V15725 V15729 V5713 V5714 V5715 V5716 V5717 V5720 V5721 V5724 V5725 V5726 V5729 V5730 AHEAD 1993: B1456 B1457 B1458 B1459 B1460 B1462 B1463 B1473 B1475 B1476 B1477 B1478 B1479 B1480 B1481 B1482 B1491 B1492 B1493 B1494 B1495 B1496 B1497 B1498 B1499 B1508 B1509 B1510 B1511 B1512 B1513 B1514 B1515 B1517 B1518 B1519 B1520 B1521 B1522 B1523 B1524 B1533 B1539 B1540 B1541 B1542

N26C:ANNUIT:R1 RECIN:IND N27:RET PN:R2TYPE IN:IND N27A RET PEN:R2 AMTI:IND N27C:ANNUIT:R2 RECIN:IND N25:RECV RET PENS-NO:IMP N25A:WHO RECVD RET P:IMP N26:RET PEN:R1TYPE R:IMP N26A:RET PN:R1$AMT R:IMP N26A:RET PN:R1RECVD :IMP N26C:ANNUIT:R1$AMT R:IMP N26C:ANNUIT:R1RECVD :IMP N27:RET PEN:R2TYPE R:IMP N27A:RET PN:R2$AMT R:IMP N27A:RET PN:R2RECVD :IMP N27C:ANNUIT:R2$AMT R:IMP N27C:ANNUIT:R2RECVD :IMP J19. R REG INC: RECEIVE ANY J20-1. R REG INC: TYPE-1 J21-1. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-1 J21b-1. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-1 J21c-1. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-1 J21e-1. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-1 J21f-1. R REG INC: START MONTH-1 J26-1. R REG INC: ANY OTHER-1 J20-2. R REG INC: TYPE-2 J21-2. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-2 J21b-2. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-2 J21c-2. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-2 J21d-2. R REG INC: FED INC TAXED-2 J21e-2. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-2 J21f-2. R REG INC: START MONTH-2 J21g-2. R REG INC: START YEAR-2 J26-2. R REG INC: ANY OTHER-2 J20-3. R REG INC: TYPE-3 J21-3. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-3 J21b-3. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-3 J21c-3. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-3 J21d-3. R REG INC: FED INC TAXED-3 J21e-3. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-3 J21f-3. R REG INC: START MONTH-3 J21g-3. R REG INC: START YEAR-3 J27. R REG INC: ANY END 1992/3 J27a. R REG INC END1992/3: TYPE J28. R REG INC END 1992/3: PAID PER MO J28a. R REG INC END 1992/3: $ PERIOD J28b.R REG INC END1992/3:$ LAST PERIOD J28c. R REG INC END92/3: LAST MO RECD J28d. R REG INC END92/3: LAST YR RECD J29. SP REG INC: RECEIVE ANY J30-1. SP REG INC: TYPE-1 J31-1. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-1 J31b-1. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-1 J31c-1. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-1 J31d-1. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-1 J31e-1. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-1 J31f-1. SP REG INC: START MONTH-1 J31g-1. SP REG INC: START YEAR-1 J36-1. SP REG INC: ANY OTHER-1 J30-2. SP REG INC: TYPE-2 J31-2. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-2 J31b-2. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-2 J31c-2. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-2

637

Section D: Income

B1543 B1544 B1545 B1546 B1555 B1560 B1561 B1562 B1563 B1564 B1565 B1566 B1567 B1576 B1577 B1578 B1579 B1580 B1581 B1582 HRS 1994: W16071 W16072 W16074 W16075 W16083 W16091 W16095 W16103 W16111 W16114 W16116 W16117 W16118 W16126 W16134 W16136 W16137 W16138 W16146 W16154 W6071 W6072 W6073 W6074 W6075 W6077 W6078 W6083 W6085 W6086 W6091 W6093 W6094 W6095 W6097 W6098 W6103 W6105 W6106 W6111 W6114 W6115

J31d-2. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-2 J31e-2. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-2 J31f-2. SP REG INC: START MONTH-2 J31g-2. SP REG INC: START YEAR-2 J36-2. SP REG INC: ANY OTHER-2 J30-3. SP REG INC: TYPE-3 J31-3. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-3 J31b-3. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-3 J31c-3. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-3 J31d-3. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-3 J31e-3. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-3 J31f-3. SP REG INC: START MONTH-3 J31g-3. SP REG INC: START YEAR-3 J37. SP REG INC: ANY END 92/93 J37a. SP REG INC END 92/93: TYPE J37b. SP REG INC END 92/93: LAST MO RECD J37b. SP REG INC END 92/93: LAST YR RECD J37c. SP REG INC END 92/93: PAID PER MO J37d. SP REG INC END 92/93: $ PERIOD J37e. SP REG INC END 92/93: $ LST PERIOD N20. Imputation flag N20a. Imputation flag N20c. Imputation flag N20d. Imputation flag N20q. Imputation flag N20x1. Imputation flag N20aa. Imputation flag N20mm. Imputation flag N20uu. Imputation flag N21. Imputation flag N21b. Imputation flag N21c. Imputation flag N21d. Imputation flag N21q. Imputation flag N21x1. Imputation flag N21y. Imputation flag N21z. Imputation flag N21aa. Imputation flag N21mm. Imputation flag N21uu. Imputation flag N20.RETIREMENT PENSIONS? N20a.WHO RECEIVES PENSIO N20b.>1 PENSION? N20c.NUMBER PENSIONS N20d.AMT LAST MONTH-PENS N20f.MONTH START RECEIVI N20f.YEAR START RECEIVIN N20q.AMT LAST MONTH-PENS N20s.MONTH START RECEIVI N20s.YEAR START RECEIVIN N20x1.AMT LAST MONTH-OTH N20y.SP->1 PENSION? N20z.SP-NUMBER PENSIONS N20aa.SP-AMT LAST MONTHN20cc.SP-MONTH START REC N20cc.SP-YEAR START RECE N20mm.SP-AMT LAST MONTHN20pp.SP-MONTH START REC N20pp.SP-YEAR START RECE N20uu.SP-AMT LAST MONTHN21.ANNUITIES? N21a.WHO RECEIVES ANNUIT

638

Section D: Income

W6116 W6117 W6118 W6120 W6121 W6126 W6128 W6129 W6134 W6136 W6137 W6138 W6140 W6141 W6146 W6148 W6149 W6154 AHEAD 1995: D4191 D4192 D4193 D4194 D4198 D4200 D4201 D4213 D4215 D4216 D4221 D4226 D4227 D4229 D4231 D4232 D4238 D4246 D4247 D4253 D4266 D4267 D4268 D4269 D4271 D4273 D4274 D4285 D4288 D4289 D4294 D4299 D4300 D4302 D4304 D4305 D4315 D4318 D4319 D4324 HRS 1996: E4209 E4210 E4211

N21b.>1 ANNUITY? N21c.NUMBER OF ANNUITIES N21d.AMT LAST MONTH-ANNU N21f.MONTH START RECEIVI N21f.YEAR START RECEIVIN N21q.AMT LAST MONTH-ANNU N21s.MONTH START RECEIVI N21s.YEAR START RECEIVIN N21x1.AMT LAST MONTH-OTH N21y.SP->1 ANNUITY? N21z.SP-NUMBER OF ANNUIT N21aa.SP-AMT LAST MONTHN21cc.SP-MONTH START REC N21cc.SP-YEAR START RECE N21mm.SP-AMT LAST MONTHN21pp.SP-MONTH START REC N21pp.SP-YEAR START RECE N21uu.SP-AMT LAST MONTHJ30.RET PENSION J30A.WHO RECD PENSION J30B.>1 PENSION J30C.#PENSIONS J30D.AMT PENSION-1 J30F.YEAR START PENSION-1 J30G.YEAR START PENSION-1 J30D.2ND (LARGEST) PENSION-2 J30F.YEAR START PENSION-2 J30G.MONTH START PENSION-2 J30U.OTHER PENSIONS J31.PENSION SP J31A.#PENSIONS SP J31C.AMT PENSION SP-1 J31E.YEAR START PENSION SP-1 J31F.MONTH START PENSION SP-1 J31K. 2ND (LARGEST) PENSION SP-2 J31E.YEAR START PENSION SP-2 J31F.MONTH START PENSION SP-2 J31U.OTHER PENSIONS SP J33.INCOME ANNUITIES J33A.WHO RECD ANNUITY J33B.>1 ANNUITY INC J33C.# ANNUITIES INC J33D.AMT ANNUITY INC-1 J33F.YEAR START ANNUITY INC-1 J33G.MONTH START ANNUITY INC-1 J33D.2ND (LARGEST) ANNUITY INC-2 J33F.YEAR START ANNUITY INC-2 J33G.MONTH START ANNUITY INC-2 J34.OTHER ANNUITIES J35.>1 ANNUITIES SPOUSE J35A.# ANNUITIES SP J35C.AMT ANNUITY INC SP-1 J35E.YEAR START ANNUITY INC SP-1 J35E.MONTH START ANNTY J35B.2ND (LARGEST) ANNUUITY INC SP-2 J35E.YEAR START ANNUITY INC SP-2 J35P.MONTH START ANNUITY INC SP-2 J35U.OTHER ANNUITY INC SP J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION J129.>1 PENSION

639

Section D: Income

E4212 E4214_1 E4214_2 E4215_1 E4215_2 E4216_1 E4216_2 E4217_1 E4217_2 E4218_1 E4218_2 E4223_1 E4223_2 E4224_1 E4224_2 E4232 E4234 E4235 E4237_1 E4237_2 E4238_1 E4238_2 E4239_1 E4239_2 E4240_1 E4240_2 E4241_1 E4241_2 E4246_1 E4246_2 E4247_1 E4247_2 E4258 E4263 E4264 E4265 E4266 E4269_1 E4269_2 E4270_1 E4270_2 E4271_1 E4271_2 E4272_1 E4272_2 E4273_1 E4273_2 E4275_1 E4275_2 E4276_1 E4276_2 E4291 E4295 E4296 E4298_1 E4298_2 E4299_1 E4299_2 E4300_1 E4300_2 E4301_1 E4301_2 E4302_1

J130.#PENSIONS J132.AMT PENSION LAST MONTH J132.AMT PENSION LAST MONTH J132A.$ PENSION LAST MONTH DK-1K J132A.$ PENSION LAST MONTH DK-1K J132B.$ PENSION LAST MONTH DK-2K J132B.$ PENSION LAST MONTH DK-2K J143C.$ PENSION LAST MONTH DK-4K J143C.$ PENSION LAST MONTH DK-4K J143D.$ PENSION LAST MONTH DK-500 J143D.$ PENSION LAST MONTH DK-500 J137.PENSION START YEAR J137.PENSION START YEAR J138.PENSION START MONTH J138.PENSION START MONTH J143.OTHER PENSIONS J145.PENSION SP J146.#PENSIONS SP J148.SP AMT PENSION LAST MONTH J148.SP AMT PENSION LAST MONTH J148A.$ SP PENSION LAST MONTH DK-1K J148A.$ SP PENSION LAST MONTH DK-1K J148B.$ SP PENSION LAST MONTH DK-2K J148B.$ SP PENSION LAST MONTH DK-2K J148C.$ SP PENSION LAST MONTH DK-4K J148C.$ SP PENSION LAST MONTH DK-4K J148D.$ SP PENSION LAST MONTH DK-500 J148D.$ SP PENSION LAST MONTH DK-500 J153.SP PENSION START YEAR J153.SP PENSION START YEAR J153.SP PENSION START MONTH J153.SP PENSION START MONTH J159.OTHER PENSIONS SP J163.INCOME ANNUITIES J164.WHO RECD ANNUITY J165.>1 ANNUITY INC J166.# ANNUITIES INC J168.AMT ANNUITY INC J168.AMT ANNUITY INC J168A.$ ANNUITY INC DK-1K J168A.$ ANNUITY INC DK-1K J168B.$ ANNUITY INC DK-2K J168B.$ ANNUITY INC DK-2K J168C.$ ANNUITY INC DK-4K J168C.$ ANNUITY INC DK-4K J168D.$ ANNUITY INC DK-500 J168D.$ ANNUITY INC DK-500 J170.ANNUITY INC START YEAR J170.ANNUITY INC START YEAR J171.ANNUITY INC START MONTH J171.ANNUITY INC START MONTH J176.OTHER ANNUITIES J178.>1 ANNUITIES SPOUSE J179.# ANNUITIES SP J181.SP AMT ANNUITY INC J181.SP AMT ANNUITY INC J181A.$ SP ANNUITY INC DK-1K J181A.$ SP ANNUITY INC DK-1K J181B.$ SP ANNUITY INC DK-2K J181B.$ SP ANNUITY INC DK-2K J181C.$ SP ANNUITY INC DK-4K J181C.$ SP ANNUITY INC DK-4K J181D.$ SP ANNUITY INC DK-500

640

Section D: Income

E4302_2 E4304_1 E4304_2 E4305_1 E4305_2 E4320 HRS 1998: F4969 F4970 F4971 F4972 F4974_1 F4974_2 F4975_1 F4975_2 F4976_1 F4976_2 F4977_1 F4977_2 F4978_1 F4978_2 F4983_1 F4983_2 F4984_1 F4984_2 F4992 F4994 F4995 F4996_1 F4996_2 F4998_1 F4998_2 F4999_1 F4999_2 F5000_1 F5000_2 F5001_1 F5001_2 F5006_1 F5006_2 F5007_1 F5007_2 F5018 F5023 F5024 F5025 F5026 F5029_1 F5029_2 F5030_1 F5030_2 F5031_1 F5031_2 F5032_1 F5032_2 F5033_1 F5033_2 F5035_1 F5035_2 F5036_1 F5036_2 F5051 F5055

J181D.$ SP ANNUITY INC DK-500 J183.SP ANNUITY INC START YEAR J183.SP ANNUITY INC START YEAR J184.SP ANNTY START MONTH J184.SP ANNTY START MONTH J188A.OTHER ANNUITY INC SP J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION J129.>1 PENSION J130.#PENSIONS J132.AMT PENSION LAST MONTH J132.AMT PENSION LAST MONTH J132A.DK-1K J132A.DK-1K J132B.DK-2K J132B.DK-2K J132C.DK-4K J132C.DK-4K J132D.DK-500 J132D.DK-500 J137.PENSION START YEAR J137.PENSION START YEAR J138.PENSION START MONTH J138.PENSION START MONTH J143.OTHER PENSIONS J145.PENSION SP J146.#PENSIONS SP J147.SP PENSION LOOP J147.SP PENSION LOOP J148A.DK-1K J148A.DK-1K J148B.DK-2K J148B.DK-2K J148C.DK-4K J148C.DK-4K J148D.DK-500 J148D.DK-500 J153.PENSION START YEAR J153.PENSION START YEAR J153.PENSION START MONTH J153.PENSION START MONTH J159.OTHER PENSIONS SP J163.INCOME ANNUITIES J164.WHO RECD ANNUITY J165.>1 ANNUITY INC J166.# ANNUITIES INC J168.AMT ANNUITY INC J168.AMT ANNUITY INC J168A.DK-1K J168A.DK-1K J168B.DK-2K J168B.DK-2K J168C.DK-4K J168C.DK-4K J168D.DK-500 J168D.DK-500 J170.ANNUITY INC START YEAR J170.ANNUITY INC START YEAR J171.ANNUITY INC START MONTH J171.ANNUITY INC START MONTH J176.OTHER ANNUITIES J178.>1 ANNUITIES SPOUSE

641

Section D: Income

F5056 F5058_1 F5058_2 F5059_1 F5059_2 F5060_1 F5060_2 F5061_1 F5061_2 F5062_1 F5062_2 F5064_1 F5064_2 F5065_1 F5065_2 F5079 HRS 2000: G5424 G5425 G5426 G5427 G5429_1 G5429_2 G5430_1 G5430_2 G5431_1 G5431_2 G5432_1 G5432_2 G5433_1 G5433_2 G5438_1 G5438_2 G5439_1 G5439_2 G5447 G5449 G5450 G5453_1 G5453_2 G5454_1 G5454_2 G5455_1 G5455_2 G5456_1 G5456_2 G5461_1 G5461_2 G5462_1 G5462_2 G5473 G5478 G5479 G5480 G5481 G5484_1 G5484_2 G5485_1 G5485_2 G5486_1 G5486_2 G5487_1 G5487_2

J179.# ANNUITIES SP J181.AMT ANNUITY INC SP J181.AMT ANNUITY INC SP J181A.DK-1K J181A.DK-1K J181B.DK-2K J181B.DK-2K J181C.DK-4K J181C.DK-4K J181D.DK-500 J181D.DK-500 J183.ANNUITY INC SP START YEAR J183.ANNUITY INC SP START YEAR J184.ANNTY START MONTH J184.ANNTY START MONTH J188A.OTHER ANNUITY INC SP J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION J129.>1 PENSION J130.#PENSIONS J132.AMT PENSION LAST MONTH J132.AMT PENSION LAST MONTH J132A.DK-1K J132A.DK-1K J132B.DK-2K J132B.DK-2K J132C.DK-4K J132C.DK-4K J132D.DK-500 J132D.DK-500 J137.PENSION START YEAR J137.PENSION START YEAR J138.PENSION START MONTH J138.PENSION START MONTH J143.OTHER PENSIONS J145.PENSION SP J146.#PENSIONS SP J148A.DK-1K J148A.DK-1K J148B.DK-2K J148B.DK-2K J148C.DK-4K J148C.DK-4K J148D.DK-500 J148D.DK-500 J153.PENSION START YEAR J153.PENSION START YEAR J153Y1.PENSION START MONTH J153Y1.PENSION START MONTH J159.OTHER PENSIONS SP J163.INCOME ANNUITIES J164.WHO RECD ANNUITY J165.>1 ANNUITY INC J166.# ANNUITIES INC J168.AMT ANNUITY INC J168.AMT ANNUITY INC J168A.DK-1K J168A.DK-1K J168B.DK-2K J168B.DK-2K J168C.DK-4K J168C.DK-4K

642

Section D: Income

G5488_1 G5488_2 G5490_1 G5490_2 G5491_1 G5491_2 G5506 G5510 G5511 G5513_1 G5513_2 G5514_1 G5514_2 G5515_1 G5515_2 G5516_1 G5516_2 G5517_1 G5517_2 G5519_1 G5519_2 G5520_1 G5520_2 G5534 HRS 2002: HQ215 HQ216 HQ217 HQ218 HQ220_1 HQ220_2 HQ221_1 HQ221_2 HQ222_1 HQ222_2 HQ223_1 HQ223_2 HQ231_1 HQ231_2 HQ232_1 HQ232_2 HQ238 HQ243 HQ244 HQ246_1 HQ246_2 HQ247_1 HQ247_2 HQ248_1 HQ248_2 HQ249_1 HQ249_2 HQ257_1 HQ257_2 HQ258_1 HQ258_2 HQ264 HQ273 HQ274 HQ275 HQ276 HQ278_1 HQ278_2

J168D.DK-500 J168D.DK-500 J170.ANNUITY INC START YEAR J170.ANNUITY INC START YEAR J171.ANNUITY INC START MONTH J171.ANNUITY INC START MONTH J176.OTHER ANNUITIES J178.>1 ANNUITIES SPOUSE J179.# ANNUITIES SP J181.AMT ANNUITY INC SP J181.AMT ANNUITY INC SP J181A.DK-1K J181A.DK-1K J181B.DK-2K J181B.DK-2K J181C.DK-4K J181C.DK-4K J181D.DK-500 J181D.DK-500 J183.ANNUITY INC SP START YEAR J183.ANNUITY INC SP START YEAR J184.ANNTY START MONTH J184.ANNTY START MONTH J188A.OTHER ANNUITY INC SP PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED R AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -1 R AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -2 R YEAR PENSION STARTED -1 R YEAR PENSION STARTED -2 R MONTH PENSION STARTED -1 R MONTH PENSION STARTED -2 OTHER PENSIONS SP PENSION SP NUMBER OF PENSIONS SP AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -1 SP AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -2 SP YEAR PENSION STARTED -1 SP YEAR PENSION STARTED -2 SP MONTH PENSION STARTED -1 SP MONTH PENSION STARTED -2 SP ALL OTH PENS AMT REC - LAST MONTH R OR SP INCOME FROM ANNUITIES WHO RECEIVED INC FROM ANNUITIES R INCOME FROM MORE THAN ONE ANNUITIES R NUMBER OF ANNUITIES INCOME R AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -2

643

Section D: Income

HQ279_1 HQ279_2 HQ280_1 HQ280_2 HQ281_1 HQ281_2 HQ283_1 HQ283_2 HQ284_1 HQ284_2 HQ290 HQ295 HQ296 HQ298_1 HQ298_2 HQ299_1 HQ299_2 HQ300_1 HQ300_2 HQ301_1 HQ301_2 HQ303_1 HQ303_2 HQ304_1 HQ304_2 HQ310 HRS 2004: JQ215 JQ216 JQ217 JQ218 JQ220_1 JQ220_2 JQ221_1 JQ221_2 JQ222_1 JQ222_2 JQ223_1 JQ223_2 JQ231_1 JQ231_2 JQ232_1 JQ232_2 JQ238 JQ243 JQ244 JQ246_1 JQ246_2 JQ247_1 JQ247_2 JQ248_1 JQ248_2 JQ249_1 JQ249_2 JQ257_1 JQ257_2 JQ258_1 JQ258_2 JQ264 JQ273 JQ274 JQ275 JQ276

R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -2 R YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 R YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 R MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 R MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 OTHER ANNUITIES >1 ANNUITIES SP NUMBER OF ANNUITIES SP SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -2 SP YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 SP YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 SP MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 SP MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 SP OTH ANNUIT PMT AMT LAST MONTH PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED R AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -1 R AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -2 R YEAR PENSION STARTED -1 R YEAR PENSION STARTED -2 R MONTH PENSION STARTED -1 R MONTH PENSION STARTED -2 OTHER PENSIONS SP PENSION SP NUMBER OF PENSIONS SP AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -1 SP AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -2 SP YEAR PENSION STARTED -1 SP YEAR PENSION STARTED -2 SP MONTH PENSION STARTED -1 SP MONTH PENSION STARTED -2 SP ALL OTH PENS AMT REC - LAST MONTH R OR SP INCOME FROM ANNUITIES WHO RECEIVED INC FROM ANNUITIES R INCOME FROM MORE THAN ONE ANNUITIES R NUMBER OF ANNUITIES INCOME

644

Section D: Income

JQ278_1 JQ278_2 JQ279_1 JQ279_2 JQ280_1 JQ280_2 JQ281_1 JQ281_2 JQ283_1 JQ283_2 JQ284_1 JQ284_2 JQ290 JQ295 JQ296 JQ298_1 JQ298_2 JQ299_1 JQ299_2 JQ300_1 JQ300_2 JQ301_1 JQ301_2 JQ303_1 JQ303_2 JQ304_1 JQ304_2 JQ310 HRS 2006: KQ215 KQ216 KQ217 KQ218 KQ220_1 KQ220_2 KQ221_1 KQ221_2 KQ222_1 KQ222_2 KQ223_1 KQ223_2 KQ231_1 KQ231_2 KQ232_1 KQ232_2 KQ238 KQ243 KQ244 KQ246_1 KQ246_2 KQ247_1 KQ247_2 KQ248_1 KQ248_2 KQ249_1 KQ249_2 KQ257_1 KQ257_2 KQ258_1 KQ258_2 KQ264 KQ273 KQ274

R AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -2 R YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 R YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 R MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 R MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 OTHER ANNUITIES MORE THAN ONE ANNUITY SP NUMBER OF ANNUITIES SP SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -2 SP YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 SP YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 SP MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 SP MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 SP OTH ANNUIT PMT AMT LAST MONTH PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED R AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -1 R AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -2 R YEAR PENSION STARTED -1 R YEAR PENSION STARTED -2 R MONTH PENSION STARTED -1 R MONTH PENSION STARTED -2 OTHER PENSIONS SP PENSION SP NUMBER OF PENSIONS SP AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -1 SP AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -2 SP YEAR PENSION STARTED -1 SP YEAR PENSION STARTED -2 SP MONTH PENSION STARTED -1 SP MONTH PENSION STARTED -2 SP ALL OTH PENS AMT REC - LAST MONTH R OR SP INCOME FROM ANNUITIES WHO RECEIVED INC FROM ANNUITIES

645

Section D: Income

KQ275 KQ276 KQ278_1 KQ278_2 KQ279_1 KQ279_2 KQ280_1 KQ280_2 KQ281_1 KQ281_2 KQ283_1 KQ283_2 KQ284_1 KQ284_2 KQ290 KQ295 KQ296 KQ298_1 KQ298_2 KQ299_1 KQ299_2 KQ300_1 KQ300_2 KQ301_1 KQ301_2 KQ303_1 KQ303_2 KQ304_1 KQ304_2 KQ310 HRS 2008: LQ215 LQ216 LQ217 LQ218 LQ220_1 LQ220_2 LQ221_1 LQ221_2 LQ222_1 LQ222_2 LQ223_1 LQ223_2 LQ231_1 LQ231_2 LQ232_1 LQ232_2 LQ238 LQ243 LQ244 LQ246_1 LQ246_2 LQ247_1 LQ247_2 LQ248_1 LQ248_2 LQ249_1 LQ249_2 LQ257_1 LQ257_2 LQ258_1 LQ258_2 LQ264

R INCOME FROM MORE THAN ONE ANNUITIES R NUMBER OF ANNUITIES INCOME R AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -2 R YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 R YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 R MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 R MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 OTHER ANNUITIES MORE THAN ONE ANNUITY SP NUMBER OF ANNUITIES SP SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -2 SP YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 SP YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 SP MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 SP MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 SP OTH ANNUIT PMT AMT LAST MONTH PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED R AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -1 R AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -2 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -1 R AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -2 R YEAR PENSION STARTED -1 R YEAR PENSION STARTED -2 R MONTH PENSION STARTED -1 R MONTH PENSION STARTED -2 OTHER PENSIONS SP PENSION SP NUMBER OF PENSIONS SP AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -1 SP AMT RECV FR PENSION - LAST MONTH -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MIN -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - MAX -2 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -1 SP AMT RECV FROM PENSION - RESULT -2 SP YEAR PENSION STARTED -1 SP YEAR PENSION STARTED -2 SP MONTH PENSION STARTED -1 SP MONTH PENSION STARTED -2 SP ALL OTH PENS AMT REC - LAST MONTH

646

Section D: Income

LQ273 LQ274 LQ275 LQ276 LQ278_1 LQ278_2 LQ279_1 LQ279_2 LQ280_1 LQ280_2 LQ281_1 LQ281_2 LQ283_1 LQ283_2 LQ284_1 LQ284_2 LQ290 LQ295 LQ296 LQ298_1 LQ298_2 LQ299_1 LQ299_2 LQ300_1 LQ300_2 LQ301_1 LQ301_2 LQ303_1 LQ303_2 LQ304_1 LQ304_2 LQ310 Tracker: AFINR BFINR CFINR DFINR EFINR FFINR GFINR HFINR JFINR KFINR LFINR

647

R OR SP INCOME FROM ANNUITIES WHO RECEIVED INC FROM ANNUITIES R INCOME FROM MORE THAN ONE ANNUITIES R NUMBER OF ANNUITIES INCOME R AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -2 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -1 R AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -2 R YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 R YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 R MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 R MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 OTHER ANNUITIES MORE THAN ONE ANNUITY SP NUMBER OF ANNUITIES SP SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - LAST MONTH -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MIN -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - MAX -2 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -1 SP AMT FROM ANNUITY - RESULT -2 SP YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 SP YEAR ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 SP MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -1 SP MONTH ANNUITY PMT STARTED -2 SP OTH ANNUIT PMT AMT LAST MONTH 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER

FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL

RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT

Section D: Income

648

Individual Income from Social Security DI or SSI Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1ISSDI R2ISSDI R3ISSDI R4ISSDI R5ISSDI R6ISSDI R7ISSDI R8ISSDI R9ISSDI

R1ISSDI:W1 R2ISSDI:W2 R3ISSDI:W3 R4ISSDI:W4 R5ISSDI:W5 R6ISSDI:W6 R7ISSDI:W7 R8ISSDI:W8 R9ISSDI:W9

Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R

SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI

+ + + + + + + + +

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1ISSDI S2ISSDI S3ISSDI S4ISSDI S5ISSDI S6ISSDI S7ISSDI S8ISSDI S9ISSDI

S1ISSDI:W1 S2ISSDI:W2 S3ISSDI:W3 S4ISSDI:W4 S5ISSDI:W5 S6ISSDI:W6 S7ISSDI:W7 S8ISSDI:W8 S9ISSDI:W9

Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IFSSDI R2IFSSDI R3IFSSDI R4IFSSDI R5IFSSDI R6IFSSDI R7IFSSDI R8IFSSDI R9IFSSDI

R1IFSSDI:W1 R2IFSSDI:W2 R3IFSSDI:W3 R4IFSSDI:W4 R5IFSSDI:W5 R6IFSSDI:W6 R7IFSSDI:W7 R8IFSSDI:W8 R9IFSSDI:W9

IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IFSSDI S2IFSSDI S3IFSSDI S4IFSSDI S5IFSSDI S6IFSSDI S7IFSSDI S8IFSSDI S9IFSSDI

S1IFSSDI:W1 S2IFSSDI:W2 S3IFSSDI:W3 S4IFSSDI:W4 S5IFSSDI:W5 S6IFSSDI:W6 S7IFSSDI:W7 S8IFSSDI:W8 S9IFSSDI:W9

IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1ISDI R2ISDI R3ISDI R4ISDI R5ISDI R6ISDI R7ISDI R8ISDI R9ISDI

R1ISDI:W1 R2ISDI:W2 R3ISDI:W3 R4ISDI:W4 R5ISDI:W5 R6ISDI:W6 R7ISDI:W7 R8ISDI:W8 R9ISDI:W9

DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

S1ISDI

S1ISDI:W1 IncPart-SocSec DI

Cont

SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI

SS SS SS SS SS SS SS SS SS

+ + + + + + + + +

SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI

IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec

SS SS SS SS SS SS SS SS SS

+ + + + + + + + +

SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI

Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity

SS SS SS SS SS SS SS SS SS

+ + + + + + + + +

Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity Disablity

SS SS SS SS SS SS SS SS SS

Disablty Disablty Disablty Disablty Disablty Disablty Disablty Disablty Disablty

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

649

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2ISDI S3ISDI S4ISDI S5ISDI S6ISDI S7ISDI S8ISDI S9ISDI

S2ISDI:W2 S3ISDI:W3 S4ISDI:W4 S5ISDI:W5 S6ISDI:W6 S7ISDI:W7 S8ISDI:W8 S9ISDI:W9

IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec IncPart-SocSec

DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1FSDI R2FSDI R3FSDI R4FSDI R5FSDI R6FSDI R7FSDI R8FSDI R9FSDI

R1FSDI:W1 R2FSDI:W2 R3FSDI:W3 R4FSDI:W4 R5FSDI:W5 R6FSDI:W6 R7FSDI:W7 R8FSDI:W8 R9FSDI:W9

ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec

DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1FSDI S2FSDI S3FSDI S4FSDI S5FSDI S6FSDI S7FSDI S8FSDI S9FSDI

S1FSDI:W1 S2FSDI:W2 S3FSDI:W3 S4FSDI:W4 S5FSDI:W5 S6FSDI:W6 S7FSDI:W7 S8FSDI:W8 S9FSDI:W9

ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec

DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1ISSI R2ISSI R3ISSI R4ISSI R5ISSI R6ISSI R7ISSI R8ISSI R9ISSI

R1ISSI:W1 R2ISSI:W2 R3ISSI:W3 R4ISSI:W4 R5ISSI:W5 R6ISSI:W6 R7ISSI:W7 R8ISSI:W8 R9ISSI:W9

IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1ISSI S2ISSI S3ISSI S4ISSI S5ISSI S6ISSI S7ISSI S8ISSI S9ISSI

S1ISSI:W1 S2ISSI:W2 S3ISSI:W3 S4ISSI:W4 S5ISSI:W5 S6ISSI:W6 S7ISSI:W7 S8ISSI:W8 S9ISSI:W9

IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI IncPart-SSI

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2FSSI H3FSSI H4FSSI H5FSSI H6FSSI H7FSSI H8FSSI H9FSSI

H2FSSI:W2 H3FSSI:W3 H4FSSI:W4 H5FSSI:W5 H6FSSI:W6 H7FSSI:W7 H8FSSI:W8 H9FSSI:W9

ImpFlag-SSI ImpFlag-SSI ImpFlag-SSI ImpFlag-SSI ImpFlag-SSI ImpFlag-SSI ImpFlag-SSI ImpFlag-SSI

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

650

1 2

R1FSSI R2FSSI

R1FSSI:W1 ImpFlag-SSI Inc R2FSSI:W2 ImpFlag-SSI Inc

Categ Categ

1 2

S1FSSI S2FSSI

S1FSSI:W1 ImpFlag-SSI Inc S2FSSI:W2 ImpFlag-SSI Inc

Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1ISSDI R2ISSDI R3ISSDI R4ISSDI R5ISSDI R6ISSDI R7ISSDI R8ISSDI R9ISSDI

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

406.688 377.728 436.423 365.794 278.671 411.713 388.418 505.334 461.414

1792.855 1610.794 1810.562 1712.246 1486.787 1947.871 1918.280 2378.241 2281.083

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

30000.000 18396.000 27748.278 27805.753 32955.052 34392.135 41106.047 44052.849 49146.996

S1ISSDI S2ISSDI S3ISSDI S4ISSDI S5ISSDI S6ISSDI S7ISSDI S8ISSDI S9ISSDI

10279 13672 12333 14515 13041 11861 13353 12052 11011

318.140 284.198 311.300 284.114 228.917 346.896 297.354 421.369 367.946

1654.141 1510.142 1635.939 1629.418 1472.487 1928.695 1790.957 2335.748 2164.669

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

30000.000 18396.000 20909.854 27805.753 32955.052 34392.135 24444.000 44052.849 30696.000

R1IFSSDI R2IFSSDI R3IFSSDI R4IFSSDI R5IFSSDI R6IFSSDI R7IFSSDI R8IFSSDI R9IFSSDI

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.145 0.180 0.176 0.193 0.163 0.124 0.131 0.124 0.127

0.828 0.831 0.830 0.947 0.832 0.554 0.646 0.602 0.648

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1IFSSDI S2IFSSDI S3IFSSDI S4IFSSDI S5IFSSDI S6IFSSDI S7IFSSDI S8IFSSDI S9IFSSDI

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.616 2.537 2.613 2.700 2.759 2.844 2.771 2.852 2.958

3.172 3.678 3.709 3.748 3.770 3.788 3.770 3.793 3.828

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1ISDI R2ISDI R3ISDI R4ISDI R5ISDI R6ISDI R7ISDI R8ISDI R9ISDI

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

274.050 235.959 289.800 220.601 167.906 280.617 258.862 344.961 300.150

1535.490 1400.973 1596.112 1453.185 1322.996 1756.832 1719.298 2114.079 2023.370

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

30000.000 18000.000 25348.278 27368.702 32955.052 34392.135 41106.047 44052.849 49146.996

S1ISDI

10279

247.523

1491.902

0.000

30000.000

Section D: Income

651

S2ISDI S3ISDI S4ISDI S5ISDI S6ISDI S7ISDI S8ISDI S9ISDI

13672 12333 14515 13041 11861 13353 12052 11011

227.337 254.384 207.970 175.519 295.399 242.061 352.302 297.661

1414.062 1550.006 1453.377 1381.982 1842.558 1694.198 2185.400 2024.552

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

18000.000 20909.854 27368.702 32955.052 34392.135 24000.000 44052.849 30696.000

R1FSDI R2FSDI R3FSDI R4FSDI R5FSDI R6FSDI R7FSDI R8FSDI R9FSDI

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.843 5.882 5.837 5.898 5.934 5.877 5.888 5.864 5.891

0.976 0.894 0.977 0.859 0.711 0.809 0.797 0.852 0.787

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1FSDI S2FSDI S3FSDI S4FSDI S5FSDI S6FSDI S7FSDI S8FSDI S9FSDI

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.272 6.539 6.539 6.589 6.624 6.614 6.614 6.610 6.659

1.175 1.200 1.237 1.190 1.133 1.207 1.161 1.225 1.181

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1ISSI R2ISSI R3ISSI R4ISSI R5ISSI R6ISSI R7ISSI R8ISSI R9ISSI

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

132.638 141.770 146.622 145.193 110.764 131.096 129.555 160.373 161.264

875.469 796.361 799.146 863.379 674.731 805.929 808.470 1020.919 1034.049

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

16800.000 14289.000 14039.221 27805.753 16695.272 10800.000 10080.000 20400.000 19200.000

S1ISSI S2ISSI S3ISSI S4ISSI S5ISSI S6ISSI S7ISSI S8ISSI S9ISSI

10279 13672 12333 14515 13041 11861 13353 12052 11011

70.617 56.862 56.916 76.143 53.398 51.498 55.293 69.068 70.286

670.150 518.648 490.282 681.147 489.849 500.671 533.376 701.523 730.135

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

16800.000 14289.000 14039.221 27805.753 8640.000 10800.000 10080.000 20400.000 19200.000

H2FSSI H3FSSI H4FSSI H5FSSI H6FSSI H7FSSI H8FSSI H9FSSI

8222 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.684 5.777 5.795 5.834 5.812 5.824 5.803 5.813

1.265 1.097 1.087 0.971 0.981 0.974 1.023 1.009

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1FSSI R2FSSI

12652 11420

5.887 5.912

0.864 0.849

1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000

S1FSSI S2FSSI

12652 11420

6.342 6.386

0.998 0.985

1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

652

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1IFSSDI R2IFSSDI R3IFSSDI R4IFSSDI R5IFSSDI R6IFSSDI R7IFSSDI R8IFSSDI R9IFSSDI 0.no income | 11699 17689 16183 19382 17984 16642 18513 16934 15852 1.no imputations | 732 1313 1323 1329 956 1059 1115 1183 1014 2.some imputation | 126 506 359 466 502 428 428 295 285 9.no Fin Resp | 95 134 126 207 137 38 73 57 66 Value-------------------------|S1IFSSDI S2IFSSDI S3IFSSDI S4IFSSDI S5IFSSDI S6IFSSDI S7IFSSDI S8IFSSDI S9IFSSDI 0.no income | 9662 12699 11436 13461 12268 11113 12550 11264 10338 1.no imputations | 437 590 647 624 486 503 525 585 480 2.some imputation | 85 280 164 245 194 212 209 154 135 8.no Sp/Part->no incm | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6776 6417 6206 9.no Fin Resp | 95 103 86 185 93 33 69 49 58 Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R1FSDI 456

R2FSDI 579

49 12000 52 95

59 18631 239 134

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S1FSDI 319

S2FSDI 359

35 9789 41 2373 95

38 13008 164 5970 103

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FSSI 11420 548

38 7477 149 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R1FSSI

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S1FSSI

347 29 12133 48 95

147 12 9988 37 2373 95

R3FSDI 634 31 8 37 17103 52 126

R4FSDI 536 38 7 19 20512 65 207

R5FSDI 331 22 3 23 18998 65 137

R6FSDI 448 30 1 62 17505 83 38

R7FSDI 476 22 3 47 19449 59 73

R8FSDI 505 32 3 46 17805 21 57

R9FSDI 395 19 5 32 16672 28 66

S3FSDI 359 20 2 17 11822 27 5658 86

S4FSDI 323 25 5 11 13929 38 6868 185

S5FSDI 217 16 3 18 12655 39 6538 93

S6FSDI 292 25 44 11421 46 6306 33

S7FSDI 269 12 3 35 12920 45 6776 69

S8FSDI 321 22 3 33 11607 17 6417 49

S9FSDI 232 17 2 27 10655 20 6206 58

H3FSSI

H4FSSI

H5FSSI

H6FSSI

H7FSSI

H8FSSI

H9FSSI

819 43 2 166 16781 54 126

906 79 8 215 19886 83 207

663 48 3 266 18346 116 137

661 55 8 112 17173 113 45

711 53 3 138 19023 112 89

741 45 5 49 17455 109 65

666 37 4 60 16266 109 75

R2FSSI 8222 282 59 10858 97 124 S2FSSI 4549 3673 105 17 8845 57 2297 99

General Comments: Income measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD income component is missing it is imputed using the method described in the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in whether unfolding brackets are used

Section D: Income

653

to determine a range of income when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. The order in which income questions are asked also changes across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" section earlier in this document. Generally, Wave 1 questions ask about 1991 income, Wave 2H asks about 1993 income, and Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, about income last calendar year, based on the Financial Respondent's interview year. In Waves 2A, 3H, 4, and 5 forward not all interviews are completely conducted in the same year. The HRS and AHEAD income components are summed to create the income measures requested for these files. For each derived income measure a flag indicates whether any or all of its components were imputed. Also included are flags for each HRS and AHEAD income component that indicate the level of imputation used for the individual component. HRS and AHEAD income measures are reported at the household level. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The respondent income measures on this file are those of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the spouse income measures are those of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse income is assigned as the respondent income and the FinR-reported respondent income is assigned as the spouse income.

How Constructed: RwISSDI is the sum of the respondent's income from Social Security disability (SDI) and Supplemental Security income (SSI). RwIFSSDI is a flag that indicates whether any components are imputed. SwISSDI is the sum of the spouse's income from SDI and SSI. whether any components are imputed.

SwIFSSDI is a flag that indicates

RwISDI is the portion of RwISSDI that represents the respondent's Social Security disability income, and RwISSI is the portion that represents the respondent's income from SSI. Note that RwISDI and RwISSI are included in RwISSDI, i.e., RwISSDI is equal to the sum of RwISDI and RwISSI. RwFSDI, R1FSSI, R2FSSI (for W2H), H2FSSI (for W2A), and H3FSSI to H8FSSI flag whether these components are imputed, and if so, how much information is available to the imputation process. SwISDI is the portion of SwISSDI that represents the respondent's Social Security disability income, and SwISSI is the portion that represents the respondent's income from SSI. Note that SwISDI and SwISSI are included in SwISSDI, i.e., SwISSDI is equal to the sum of SwISDI and SwISSI. SwFSDI, S1FSSI, S2FSSI (for W2H), H2FSSI (for W2A), and H3FSSI to H8FSSI flag whether these components are imputed, and if so, how much information is available to the imputation process. [Note: The name of the imputation flags for Social Security disability income were RwFSSDI and SwFSSDI in prior versions of the RAND HRS. These have been changed to RwFSDI and SwFSDI beginning in Version E.] In Waves 1 and 2H, SSI income is reported individually. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, it is reported for the household. As this is an individual measure, the household SSI is split between the respondent and spouse if the household is a couple. That is, in couple households in Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, RwISSI is the same as SwISSI, and both are equal to household SSI divided by two (RwISSI = SwISSI = SSI / 2). Beginning in Version F, we have introduced logic that takes into account who reported receiving SSI income. Specifically, the income is split between the respondent and spouse if the respondent is married or partnered and the income is reported jointly. However, income from SSI is not split between the two members of the couple if only one reports receiving it, that is – it is assigned to the appropriate recipient. This logic, as previously stated, does not apply to Waves 1 and 2H, since it is already reported individually, nor does it apply to Waves 2A and 3A, since there is no question about who received income from SSI. [See Appendix A for a description of how many cases were affected by this change.]

Section D: Income

654

In Wave 1, the questions ask the annual amount of social security and SSI received in 1991. From Wave 2 forward, a monthly amount is asked. For social security the first month received is also asked. Beginning in Wave 2H, the SSI questions ask which months since last interview SSI was received. The variable derivation checks the month income was received and multiplies the monthly amount appropriately to calculate a yearly amount. In Waves 1, 2 and 3A, the type of Social Security income received is reported, with one exception. In Wave 1 if both in a couple receive Social Security income in a joint check, the type is not reported; in these cases the income is treated as retirement (OAS), not disability, income. From Wave 3H forward, the type of Social Security income is not reported. Variables in the disability section indicating whether the respondent and spouse receive Social Security disability are used to determine whether Social Security reported in the income section is disability income or not. In Wave 3A, respondents and spouses who received income from Social Security are asked to indicate what the amount was for (i.e., retirement, disability, survivor benefits, dependent of disabled or retired, or other). People list up to two types of Social Security. However, the questions about how much they received do not make a distinction between amounts received from each type of Social Security, but simply lump them together. Therefore, we decided that if a person reports receiving disability income, even if they also report getting another type of income from Social Security, the amount they indicated would be considered disability income. From Wave 7 forward, an additional response option (“6. SSDI HAS CONVERTED TO SOCIAL SECURITY (VOL)”) was added to the question about benefits from the Social Security Disability or Supplemental Security Income program. There were fewer than 50 individuals who selected this category. We added logic to check the ages of these individuals before designating them as receiving social security retirement income. Specifically, we required that a person be greater than 66 years of age at the time of the interview, or have an end year for their social security income before last calendar year, to make them have retirement instead of disability income. Beginning in Version F, we incorporated logic in Waves 1 and 2H, and from Wave 3H forward that examines the ages of respondents and spouses. For those who are greater than 66 years of age at the time of the interview, and receive Social Security disability income, we override this, and instead assign the income to retirement. This is based on the notion that these individuals turned 65 or 66 (i.e., retirement age) during the last calendar year, at which point disability benefits automatically convert to retirement benefits. [See Appendix A for a description of how many cases were affected by this change.] RwISSDI and SwISSDI only include Social Security income if it is received due to disability. income is always included.

SSI

Because of the differences in the way income information was collected for the HRS and AHEAD samples in wave 2, the income component imputation flags that apply vary, depending on the entry cohort of the respondent. For AHEAD entry cohort respondents, R2FSSI and S2FSSI are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Wave 2A. For HRS entry cohort respondents, H2FSSI is set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Wave 2H.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The way the Social Security and Supplemental Security Income questions are asked varies across waves. In Wave 1, the questions ask the annual amount of Social Security and SSI received in 1991. In Wave 1 and Wave 2A, if the respondent and spouse receive a joint check for Social Security only one amount is asked; if they receive separate checks, amounts are asked for each individual. From Wave 2 forward, a monthly amount is asked. For social security the first month received is also asked. Beginning in Wave 2H, the SSI questions ask which months since last interview SSI was received. In Waves 1, 2, and 3A, the type of Social Security income received is asked. The type can be retirement, disability, survivor benefits, dependent of retired, dependent of disabled or other. In Wave 1, if a joint check is received, the type is not asked. From Wave 3H forward, the type of Social Security income is not asked.

Section D: Income

655

From Wave 3 forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value of monthly Social Security or Supplemental Security income, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts for Social Security income change in Wave 5 but otherwise are the same across waves. The exception to this is in Wave 3A, where the bracket amounts are based on the last year, rather than the last month. In Waves 1 and 2, no unfolding bracket questions are asked. In Wave 6, there are two possible sources of information about whether the spouse receives social security: (1) the financial respondent's report in the income section (Section Q); and (2) the spouse's self report in the employment section (Section J). To determine whether the spouse has any social security income, we use the spouse's self-report. However, if the spouse did not respond, or the self-report is missing, we use the financial respondent's report. Our rationale for doing this is that the self-report is probably more accurate. It is also important to note that the self-report in the employment section is the only question about whether the financial respondent receives social security income. In Wave 7, an additional response option (“6. SSDI HAS CONVERTED TO SOCIAL SECURITY (VOL)”) was added to the following question, which helped us determine whether the type of social security income being received was for retirement or disability: According to our records, in (See Blaise specifications for piRVarsZ092_IwMo_V}) ([See Blaise Specifications for piRvarsZ093_IwYr_V assignment]) you were receiving benefits from the Social Security Disability program or the Supplemental Security Income program. Which program was this: the Social Security Disability or the Supplemental Security Income program, or both? For AHEAD respondents in Wave 2A, the income components corresponding to imputation flags R2FSSI and S2FSSI are not available. For HRS respondents in Wave 2H, the income components corresponding to imputation flags H2FSSI is not available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15801 V15802 V15803 V15823 V16001 V16003 V16012 V16021 V16030 V16107 V5801 V5802 V5803 V5804 V5823 V5824 V6001 V6002 V6003 V6007 V6012 V6016 V6021 V6025 V6030 V6102 V6107 AHEAD 1993: B1376

N28:RECV SSI IN 1991:IND N28A:WHO RECEIVED SS:IND N29 SSI:R1 REC91IND :IND N33 SSI:R2 REC91IND :IND N41:SS:RCV SOC SEC I:IND N41B:SS: AMT RECD I:IND N42A:SS:R1: AMT REC:IND N42A:SS:R2 AMT RECV:IND N43A:SS:R1: AMT REC:IND N44A:SS:R2 AMT RECV:IND N28:RECV SSI IN 1991:IMP N28A:WHO RECEIVED SS:IMP N29:SSI:R1$AMT RECV :IMP N29:SSI:R1RECEIVED P:IMP N33:SSI:R2 AMT RECV :IMP N33:SSI:R2RECEIVED P:IMP N41:SS:RCV SOC SEC I:IMP N41A:SS:1CHK/SEPARATE CK N41B:SS: AMT RECVD :IMP N42:SS:R1DISABILITY N42A:SS:R1 AMT RECV:IMP N42:SS:R2DISABILITY N42A:SS:R2 AMT RECV:IMP N43:SS:R1DISABILITY N43A:SS:R1 AMT RECV:IMP N44:SS:R2DISABILITY N44A:SS:R2 AMT RECV:IMP J1. SS: RECEIVE ANY

Section D: Income

B1377 B1378 B1379 B1381 B1382 B1389 B1390 B1392 B1393 B1413 B1414 B1415 B1416 B1417 B1418 B1419 B1420 B1421 HRS 1994: W16204 W16253 W16254 W16260 W16268 W6157 W6158 W6159 W6160 W6161 W6174 W6175 W6176 W6177 W6178 W6179 W6180 W6181 W6182 W6183 W6184 W6185 W6199 W6201 W6202 W6203 W6204 W6205 W6206 W6207 W6208 W6221 W6222 W6223 W6224 W6225 W6226 W6227 W6228 W6229 W6230 W6231 W6232 W6248

J1a. SS: 1 OR 2 CHECKS J2. SS: R TYPE J2b. SS: R $ LAST MONTH J2d. SS: R START MONTH J2e. SS: R START YEAR J3. SS: SP TYPE J3a. SS: SP $ LAST MONTH J3c. SS: SP START MONTH J3d. SS: SP START YEAR J6. SSI: RECEIVE ANY LAST MONTH J7. SSI: $ LAST MONTH J8. SSI: START >2YRS AGO J8a. SSI: START MONTH J8b. SSI: START YEAR J9. SSI: RECEIVE ANY 1992/3 J10. SSI: LAST MONTH RECD 1992/3 J10a. SSI: LAST YEAR RECD 1992/3 J11. SSI: $ LAST MONTH 1992/3 N22d. Imputation flag N23. Imputation flag N23a. Imputation flag N23c. Imputation flag N23g. Imputation flag N22.SUPPLEMENTAL SECURIT N22a.WHO RECEIVED SSI N22b.WHICH MONTHS N22b.START/STOP RECEIVIN N22b.START/STOP RECEIVIN N22c. Jan 1993 N22c. Feb 1993 N22c. Mar 1993 N22c. Apr 1993 N22c. May 1993 N22c. Jun 1993 N22c. Jul 1993 N22c. Aug 1993 N22c. Sep 1993 N22c. Oct 1993 N22c. Nov 1993 N22c. Dec 1993 N22c. All of 1993 N22c. Other N22c. DK N22c. RF N22d.AMT SSI LAST MONTH N22e.AMT SSI LAST MONTH N22f.SP-WHICH MONTHS N22f.SP-START/STOP RECEI N22f.SP-START/STOP RECEI N22g. Jan 1993 N22g. Feb 1993 N22g. Mar 1993 N22g. Apr 1993 N22g. May 1993 N22g. Jun 1993 N22g. Jul 1993 N22g. Aug 1993 N22g. Sep 1993 N22g. Oct 1993 N22g. Nov 1993 N22g. Dec 1993 N22g. Other

656

Section D: Income

W6249 W6250 W6251 W6252 W6253 W6254 W6255 W6256 W6260 W6261 W6262 W6263 W6264 W6268 W6269 W6270 AHEAD 1995: D3875 D3877M1 D3877M2 D3878 D3879 D3880 D3881 D3883 D3884 D3885 D3886M1 D3886M2 D3888 D3889 D3890 D3891 D3893 D3894 D3911 D3912 D3913 D3914 D3915 D3917 D3918 HRS 1996: E3580 E3582 E3606 E3614 E3616 E3983 E3984 E3985 E3986 E3987 E3989 E3990 E3991 E3996 E3997 E3998 E4000 E4001 E4002 E4021

N22g. DK N22g. RF N22h.SP-AMT SSI LAST MON N22k.SP-AMT SSI LAST MON N23.SOCIAL SECURITY? N23a.WHO RECEIVED SOCIAL N23b.TYPE SOCIAL SECURIT N23b.TYPE SOCIAL SECURIT N23c.AMT SS LAST MONTH N23e.START RECEIVING SSN23e.START RECEIVING SSN23f.SP-TYPE SOCIAL SECU N23f.SP-TYPE SOCIAL SECU N23g.SP-AMT SS LAST MONT N23h.SP-START RECEIVING N23h.SP-START RECEIVING J1.RECEIVE SOC SEC J2.R TYPE SOC SEC J2.R TYPE SOC SEC J3.AMT SOC SEC LAST MNTH J3A.AMT SS R DK-1 J3B.AMT SS R DK-2 J3C.AMT SS R DK-3 J4A.MONTH START SOC SEC J4A.YEAR START SOC SEC J5.SP REC SS J5A.SP TYPE SOC SEC J5A.SP TYPE SOC SEC J6.AMT SOC SEC LAST MNTH SP/PT J6A.AMT SS S DK-1 J6B.AMT SS S DK-2 J6C.AMT SS S DK-3 J7A.MONTH START SOC SEC SP/PT J7B.YEAR START SOC SEC SP/PT J10. SSI-MONTH J11. SSI $ J11A.AMT SS R DK-1 J11B.AMT SS R DK-2 J11C.AMT SS R DK-3 J11E. SSI-MONTH J11F. SSI GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18B. SS STOP-YR GD26F1. SS RECEIVE-YR GD26J. SS-STILL RECEIVING GD26K1. SS STOP-YR J45.SOC SEC INCOME J46.WHO RECEIVE SOC SEC INCOME J47.R AMT RECVD SS LAST MO J47A.R $ RECVD SS LAST MO DK-1K J47B.R $ RECVD SS LAST MO DK-1.5K J47D.R $ RECVD SS LAST MO DK-500 J48.R RECV SS BENEFITS START YEAR J49.SS BENEFITS START MONTH J50A1.SP HOW MUCH SS BENEFITS J50A2.SP $ SS BENEFITS DK-1K J50A3.SP $ SS BENEFITS DK-1.5K J50A5.SP $ SS BENEFITS DK-500 J50B1.SP BENEFITS START - YEAR J50B2.SP BENEFITS START - MONTH J59.R/S SSI-LAST MONTH

657

Section D: Income

E4022 E4023 E4024 E4025 E4026 E4027 E4028 HRS 1998: F272 F273 F274 F4088 F4090 F4135 F4139 F4141 F4498 F4502 F4504 F4743 F4744 F4745 F4746 F4747 F4749 F4750 F4751 F4756 F4757 F4758 F4760 F4761 F4762 F4781 F4782 F4783 F4784 F4785 F4786 F4787 F4788 HRS 2000: G272 G273 G274 G4374 G4378 G4382 G4392 G4396 G4399 G4405 G4409 G4412 G4465 G4466 G4472 G4870 G4875 G4877 G5182 G5185 G5186

J60.WHO RECEIVED SSI J61.R/S SSI $ J61A.R/S SSI $ DK-500 J61B.R/S SSI $ DK-750 J61C.R/S SSI $ DK-250 J62.SSI START YEAR J62B.SSI START MONTH PREV WAVE R REC SS PREV WAVE S/P REC SS PREV WAVE SSI GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18B. SS STOP-YR GD26F1. SS RECEIVE-YR GD26J. SS-STILL RECEIVING GD26K1. SS STOP-YR GJ123F1.SS AWARDED - YEAR GJ123J.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GJ123K1.BENEFITS STOPPED - YEAR J45.SOC SEC INCOME J46.WHO RECEIVE SOC SEC INCOME J47.R AMT RECVD SS LAST MO J47A.R DK-1K J47B.R DK-1,500 J47D.R DK-500 J48.R SS BENEFITS START YEAR J49.R SS BENEFITS START MONTH J50A1.SP HOW MUCH SS BENEFITS J50A2.SP DK-1K J50A3.SP DK-1,500 J50A5.SP DK-500 J50B1.SP SS BENEFITS START YEAR J50B2.SP SS BENEFITS START MONTH J59.R/S SSI-LAST MONTH J60.WHO RECEIVED SSI J61.R/S SSI $ J61A.R/S AMT SS R DK-500 J61B.AMT SS R DK-750 J61C.AMT SS R DK-250 J62.SSI START YEAR J62B.SSI START MONTH PR272.PREV WAVE R REC SS PR273.PREV WAVE S/P REC SS PR274.PREV WAVE SSI GD18AA. REC`D SSDI BENEFITS GD18AD. SSDI START-YEAR GD18AF. SSDI STOP-YR GD18CC. SSDI START-YEAR GD18CG.STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS GD18CK. SSDI STOP-YR GD18DF. SSDI START-YEAR GD18DK.STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS GD18DP. SSDI STOP-YR GD26F1.SSD LAST APP BENEFITS START-YR GD26G.SSD-STILL RECEIVING GD26M1.SSD BENEFITS STOP-YR GJ123F1.SSDI AWARDED - YEAR GJ123J.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GJ123K.BENEFITS STOPPED - YEAR J45.SOC SEC INCOME J46.WHO RECEIVE SOC SEC INCOME J47.R AMT RECVD SS LAST MO

658

Section D: Income

G5187 G5188 G5190 G5193 G5194 G5199 G5200 G5201 G5203 G5204 G5205 G5224 G5225 G5226 G5227 G5228 G5229 G5230 G5231 HRS 2002: HM030F1 HM030L1 HM032B1 HM032F1 HM032L1 HM040K HM040P HM040V HM648B1 HM648B2 HM648F1 HM648F2 HM648L1 HQ084 HQ085 HQ086 HQ087 HQ088 HQ089 HQ090 HQ091 HQ092 HQ093 HQ094 HQ095 HQ096 HQ105 HQ106 HQ107 HQ108 HQ109 HQ110 HQ111 HQ112 HZ125 HZ126 HZ127 HRS 2004: JM030 JMW234C JMW234I JMW234Q JMW234R

J47A.R DK-700 J47B.R DK-1000 J47D.R DK-500 J48.R SS BENEFITS START YEAR J49.R SS BENEFITS START MONTH J50A1.SP HOW MUCH SS BENEFITS J50A2.SP DK-700 J50A3.SP DK-1000 J50A5.SP DK-500 J50B1.SP SS BENEFITS START YEAR J50B2.SP SS BENEFITS START MONTH J59.R/S SSI-LAST MONTH J60.WHO RECEIVED SSI J61.R/S SSI $ J61A.R/S AMT SS R DK-500 J61B.AMT SS R DK-750 J61C.AMT SS R DK-250 J62.SSI START YEAR J62B.SSI START MONTH HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR HM032B1 SSDI START-YR HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR HM040K SSDI START-YR HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM040VSSDI STOP-YR SSDI START YEAR-1 SSDI START YEAR-2 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS-1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS-2 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 SP SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME R AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX R AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R OR SP INCOME FROM SSI - LAST MONTH WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH AMOUNT RECEIVED FROM SSI LAST MONTH AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - MIN AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - MAX AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - RESULT YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SSI INCOME MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SSI INCOME PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE S/P RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 HM648B1 SSDI START YEAR-1 HM648B2 SSDI START-YR -2

659

Section D: Income

JMW238A JMW238C JMW238I JMW238Q JMW238R JMW244A JMW244C JMW244I JMW244Q JMW244R JQ084 JQ085 JQ086 JQ087 JQ088 JQ089 JQ090 JQ091 JQ092 JQ093 JQ094 JQ095 JQ096 JQ105 JQ106 JQ107 JQ108 JQ109 JQ110 JQ111 JQ112 JZ125 JZ126 JZ127 HRS 2006: KM030 KMW234C KMW234I KMW234Q KMW234R KMW238A KMW238C KMW238I KMW238Q KMW238R KMW244A KMW244C KMW244I KMW244Q KMW244R KQ084 KQ085 KQ086 KQ087 KQ088 KQ089 KQ090 KQ091 KQ092 KQ093 KQ094 KQ095 KQ096

HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -3 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM648F2 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM030K1 SSDI STOP-YR HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR -2 HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR -3 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 HM648L2 SSDI STOP-YR -2 SP SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME R AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX R AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R OR SP INCOME FROM SSI - LAST MONTH WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH AMOUNT RECEIVED FROM SSI LAST MONTH AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - MIN AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - MAX AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - RESULT YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SSI INCOME MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SSI INCOME PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE S/P RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 HM648B1 SSDI START YEAR-1 HM648B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -3 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM648F2 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM030K1 SSDI STOP-YR HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR -2 HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR -3 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 HM648L2 SSDI STOP-YR -2 SP SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME R AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX R AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS

660

Section D: Income

KQ105 KQ106 KQ107 KQ108 KQ109 KQ110 KQ111 KQ112 KZ125 KZ126 KZ127 HRS 2008: LM030 LMW234C LMW234I LMW234Q LMW234R LMW238A LMW238C LMW238I LMW238Q LMW238R LMW244A LMW244C LMW244I LMW244Q LMW244R LQ084 LQ085 LQ086 LQ087 LQ088 LQ089 LQ090 LQ091 LQ092 LQ093 LQ094 LQ095 LQ096 LQ105 LQ106 LQ107 LQ108 LQ109 LQ110 LQ111 LQ112 LZ125 LZ126 LZ127 Tracker: AFINR BFINR CFINR DFINR EFINR FFINR GFINR HFINR JFINR KFINR LFINR

661

R OR SP INCOME FROM SSI - LAST MONTH WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH AMOUNT RECEIVED FROM SSI LAST MONTH AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - MIN AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - MAX AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - RESULT YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SSI INCOME MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SSI INCOME PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE S/P RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 HM648B1 SSDI START YEAR-1 HM648B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -3 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM648F2 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM030K1 SSDI STOP-YR HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR -2 HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR -3 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 HM648L2 SSDI STOP-YR -2 SP SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME R AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX R AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R OR SP INCOME FROM SSI - LAST MONTH WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH AMOUNT RECEIVED FROM SSI LAST MONTH AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - MIN AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - MAX AMT RECEIVED FROM SSI - RESULT YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SSI INCOME MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SSI INCOME PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE S/P RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SSI 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER

FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL

RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT

Section D: Income

662

Individual Income from Social Security Retirement Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1ISRET R2ISRET R3ISRET R4ISRET R5ISRET R6ISRET R7ISRET R8ISRET R9ISRET

R1ISRET:W1 R2ISRET:W2 R3ISRET:W3 R4ISRET:W4 R5ISRET:W5 R6ISRET:W6 R7ISRET:W7 R8ISRET:W8 R9ISRET:W9

Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R

SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec

Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1ISRET S2ISRET S3ISRET S4ISRET S5ISRET S6ISRET S7ISRET S8ISRET S9ISRET

S1ISRET:W1 S2ISRET:W2 S3ISRET:W3 S4ISRET:W4 S5ISRET:W5 S6ISRET:W6 S7ISRET:W7 S8ISRET:W8 S9ISRET:W9

Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IFSRET R2IFSRET R3IFSRET R4IFSRET R5IFSRET R6IFSRET R7IFSRET R8IFSRET R9IFSRET

R1IFSRET:W1 R2IFSRET:W2 R3IFSRET:W3 R4IFSRET:W4 R5IFSRET:W5 R6IFSRET:W6 R7IFSRET:W7 R8IFSRET:W8 R9IFSRET:W9

IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IFSRET S2IFSRET S3IFSRET S4IFSRET S5IFSRET S6IFSRET S7IFSRET S8IFSRET S9IFSRET

S1IFSRET:W1 S2IFSRET:W2 S3IFSRET:W3 S4IFSRET:W4 S5IFSRET:W5 S6IFSRET:W6 S7IFSRET:W7 S8IFSRET:W8 S9IFSRET:W9

IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1FSS R2FSS R3FSS R4FSS R5FSS R6FSS R7FSS R8FSS R9FSS

R1FSS:W1 R2FSS:W2 R3FSS:W3 R4FSS:W4 R5FSS:W5 R6FSS:W6 R7FSS:W7 R8FSS:W8 R9FSS:W9

Surv Surv Surv Surv Surv Surv Surv Surv Surv

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

S1FSS

S1FSS:W1 ImpFlag-SocSec Retire, Surv

Categ

SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec

Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement

SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec

Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement

SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec SocSec

ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec

Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement Retirement

Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire,

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

663

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FSS S3FSS S4FSS S5FSS S6FSS S7FSS S8FSS S9FSS

S2FSS:W2 S3FSS:W3 S4FSS:W4 S5FSS:W5 S6FSS:W6 S7FSS:W7 S8FSS:W8 S9FSS:W9

ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec ImpFlag-SocSec

Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire, Retire,

Surv Surv Surv Surv Surv Surv Surv Surv

1 2

H1FSSJ H2FSSJ

H1FSSJ:W1 ImpFlag-Soc Sec/joint check H2FSSJ:W2 ImpFlag-Soc Sec/joint check

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1ISRET R2ISRET R3ISRET R4ISRET R5ISRET R6ISRET R7ISRET R8ISRET R9ISRET

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

332.241 3157.279 3699.391 4263.536 4922.675 6013.006 5851.856 6712.816 7665.309

1590.812 4154.430 4654.919 4814.015 5161.299 5847.001 6296.764 6674.337 7192.423

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

26000.000 26592.000 57028.714 40131.399 52028.945 58352.504 61584.993 44128.304 50283.953

S1ISRET S2ISRET S3ISRET S4ISRET S5ISRET S6ISRET S7ISRET S8ISRET S9ISRET

10279 13672 12333 14515 13041 11861 13353 12052 11011

379.300 2569.703 3085.316 3612.057 4226.029 5278.659 5200.001 5997.136 6891.155

1689.010 3936.942 4445.099 4671.158 5071.941 5871.901 6334.552 6713.339 7210.986

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

26000.000 24000.000 54288.087 32334.530 51915.781 53559.229 63218.489 43566.549 50283.953

R1IFSRET R2IFSRET R3IFSRET R4IFSRET R5IFSRET R6IFSRET R7IFSRET R8IFSRET R9IFSRET

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.137 0.587 0.682 0.708 0.742 0.787 0.725 0.766 0.814

0.823 0.925 0.976 1.034 0.937 0.738 0.809 0.780 0.808

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1IFSRET S2IFSRET S3IFSRET S4IFSRET S5IFSRET S6IFSRET S7IFSRET S8IFSRET S9IFSRET

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.629 2.778 2.925 3.013 3.113 3.245 3.140 3.240 3.370

3.168 3.539 3.530 3.556 3.546 3.524 3.535 3.537 3.546

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1FSS R2FSS R3FSS R4FSS R5FSS

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579

5.776 4.080 3.854 3.548 3.336

1.121 2.440 2.419 2.481 2.458

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

664

R6FSS R7FSS R8FSS R9FSS

18167 20129 18469 17217

3.063 3.297 3.114 2.978

2.383 2.433 2.401 2.370

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1FSS S2FSS S3FSS S4FSS S5FSS S6FSS S7FSS S8FSS S9FSS

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.174 5.498 5.356 5.200 5.104 4.965 5.068 4.996 4.965

1.380 2.566 2.658 2.808 2.875 2.959 2.891 2.950 2.995

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H1FSSJ H2FSSJ

12652 8222

6.021 6.821

0.318 1.242

1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1IFSRET R2IFSRET R3IFSRET R4IFSRET R5IFSRET R6IFSRET R7IFSRET R8IFSRET R9IFSRET 0.no income | 11802 10415 8802 9702 7939 6239 8062 6691 5673 1.no imputations | 637 7854 6988 9659 9712 9831 10047 9809 9529 2.some imputation | 118 1240 2075 1817 1791 2059 1947 1912 1949 9.no Fin Resp | 95 133 126 206 137 38 73 57 66 Value-------------------------|S1IFSRET S2IFSRET S3IFSRET S4IFSRET S5IFSRET S6IFSRET S7IFSRET S8IFSRET S9IFSRET 0.no income | 9508 8384 6872 7552 6185 4827 6106 5068 4246 1.no imputations | 575 4486 4166 5753 5719 5798 5984 5805 5564 2.some imputation | 101 700 1209 1025 1044 1203 1194 1130 1143 8.no Sp/Part->no incm | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6776 6417 6206 9.no Fin Resp | 95 102 86 185 93 33 69 49 58 Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R1FSS 622

R2FSS 7476

66 11817 52 95

976 10817 239 134

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S1FSS 561

S2FSS 4351

60 9522 41 2373 95

512 8543 163 5970 103

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

H1FSSJ

H2FSSJ 11420 135 24 4295 92 3673 3

15 12490 52 95

R3FSS 6988 635 83 1305 8802 52 126

R4FSS 9659 943 108 709 9702 57 206

R5FSS 9712 711 97 927 7939 56 137

R6FSS 9831 725 103 1172 6239 59 38

R7FSS 10047 775 94 1043 8062 35 73

R8FSS 9809 788 94 1009 6691 21 57

R9FSS 9529 816 125 980 5673 28 66

S3FSS 4166 363 46 773 6872 27 5658 86

S4FSS 5753 530 44 416 7553 35 6868 185

S5FSS 5719 401 58 552 6185 33 6538 93

S6FSS 5798 423 59 692 4827 29 6306 33

S7FSS 5984 452 51 660 6106 31 6776 69

S8FSS 5805 440 45 628 5068 17 6417 49

S9FSS 5564 451 67 605 4246 20 6206 58

General Comments: Income measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD income component is missing it is imputed using the method described in the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in whether unfolding brackets are used

Section D: Income

665

to determine a range of income when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. The order in which income questions are asked also changes across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" section earlier in this document. Generally, Wave 1 questions ask about 1991 income, Wave 2H asks about 1993 income, and Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, about income last calendar year, based on the Financial Respondent's interview year. In Waves 2A, 3H, 4, and 5 forward not all interviews are completely conducted in the same year. The HRS and AHEAD income components are summed to create the income measures requested for these files. For each derived income measure a flag indicates whether any or all of its components were imputed. Also included are flags for each HRS and AHEAD income component that indicate the level of imputation used for the individual component. HRS and AHEAD income measures are reported at the household level. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The respondent income measures on this file are those of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the spouse income measures are those of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse income is assigned as the respondent income and the FinR-reported respondent income is assigned as the spouse income.

How Constructed: RwISRET is the respondent's income from Social Security retirement, spouse or widow benefits. RwIFSRET is a flag that indicates whether any components are imputed. SwISRET is the spouse's income from Social Security retirement, spouse or widow benefits. is a flag that indicates whether any components are imputed.

SwIFSRET

In Waves 1 and 2A, Social Security income could be reported individually or, if R is married, jointly. If the income is reported jointly, the income is split between the respondent and spouse. In Wave 1, the questions ask the annual amount of Social Security received in 1991. From Wave 2 forward, a monthly amount is asked and the first month received is also asked. The variable derivation checks the months income was received and multiplies the monthly amount appropriately to calculate a yearly amount. In Waves 1, 2, and 3A, the type of Social Security income received is reported. From Wave 3H forward, variables in the disability section indicating whether the respondent and spouse receive Social Security disability are used to determine whether Social Security reported in the income section is disability income or not. In Wave 3A, respondents and spouses who received income from Social Security are asked to indicate what type of benefit (i.e., retirement, disability, survivor benefits, dependent of disabled or retired, or other). People list up to two types of Social Security benefits. However, the questions about how much they received do not make a distinction between amounts received from each type of benefit, but simply lump them together. Therefore, we decided that if a person reports receiving retirement income, even if they also report getting another type of income from Social Security (EXCEPT disability), the amount they indicated would be considered retirement income. From Wave 7 forward, an additional response option (“6. SSDI HAS CONVERTED TO SOCIAL SECURITY (VOL)”) was added to the question about benefits from the Social Security Disability or Supplemental Security Income program. There were fewer then 50 individuals who selected this category. We added logic to check the ages of these individuals before designating them as receiving social security retirement income. Specifically, we required that a person be greater than 66 years of age at the time of the interview, or have an end year for their social security income before last calendar year, to make them have retirement instead of disability income. Beginning in Version F, we incorporated logic in Waves 1 and 2H, and from Wave 3H forward that examines the ages of respondents and spouses. For those who are greater than 66 years of age at

Section D: Income

666

the time of the interview, and receive Social Security disability income, we override this, and instead assign the income to retirement. This is based on the notion that these individuals turned 65 or 66 (i.e., retirement age) during the last calendar year, at which point disability benefits automatically convert to retirement benefits. [See Appendix A for a description of how many cases were affected by this change.] RwISRET and SwISRET only include Social Security income if it is NOT received due to disability. The RwFSS, SwFSS, and HwFSSJ flags indicate whether the components are imputed, and if so, how much information is available to impute from. RwFSS flags the respondent's individual income, SwFSS flags the spouse's individual income, and HwFSSJ flags Waves 1 and 2A income that is received as a joint check. Because of the differences in the way income information was collected for the HRS and AHEAD samples in wave 2, the income component imputation flags that apply vary, depending on the entry cohort of the respondent. For HRS entry cohort respondents, H2FSSJ is set to .Q to indicate Wave 2.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The way the Social Security income questions are asked varies across waves. In Wave 1, the questions ask the annual amount of social security received in 1991. In Wave 1 and Wave 2A, if the respondent and spouse receive a joint check only one amount is asked; if they receive separate checks, amounts are asked for each individual. From Wave 2 forward, a monthly amount is asked. The first month Social Security received is also asked. In Waves 1, 2, and 3A, the type of Social Security income received is asked. The type can be retirement, disability, survivor benefits, dependent of retired, dependent of disabled or other. In Wave 1, if a joint check is received, the type is not asked. From Wave 3H forward, the type of Social Security income is not asked. From Wave 3 forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value of monthly Social Security income, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts for Social Security income change in Wave 5 but otherwise are the same across waves. The exception to this is in Wave 3A, where the bracket amounts are based on the last year, rather than the last month. In Waves 1 and 2, no unfolding bracket questions are asked. Beginning in Wave 6, there are two possible sources of information about whether the spouse receives social security: (1) the financial respondent's report in the income section (Section Q); and (2) the spouse's self report in the employment section (Section J). To determine whether the spouse has any social security income, we use the spouse's self-report. However, if the spouse did not respond, or the self-report is missing, we use the financial respondent's report. Our rationale for doing this is that the self-report is probably more accurate. It is also important to note that the self-report in the employment section is the only question about whether the financial respondent receives social security income. From Wave 7 forward, an additional response option (“6. SSDI HAS CONVERTED TO SOCIAL SECURITY (VOL)”) was added to the following question, which helped us determine whether the type of social security income being received was for retirement or disability: According to our records, in [PREV WAVE FIRST R IW MONTH]/[/Prev Wave Iw Mo] [Previous Wave First R Interview Year]/[Prev Wave Iw Yr] you were receiving benefits from the Social Security Disability program or the Supplemental Security Income program. Which program was this: the Social Security Disability or the Supplemental Security Income program, or both? For HRS respondents in Wave 2, the income components corresponding to imputation flag H2FSSJ are not available.

HRS Variables Used

Section D: Income

HRS 1992: V16001 V16003 V16012 V16021 V16030 V16107 V6001 V6002 V6003 V6006 V6008 V6009 V6010 V6011 V6012 V6015 V6017 V6018 V6019 V6020 V6021 V6024 V6026 V6027 V6028 V6029 V6030 V6101 V6103 V6104 V6105 V6106 V6107 AHEAD 1993: B1376 B1377 B1378 B1379 B1381 B1382 B1389 B1390 B1392 B1393 HRS 1994: W16253 W16254 W16260 W16268 W6253 W6254 W6255 W6256 W6260 W6261 W6262 W6263 W6264 W6268 W6269 W6270 AHEAD 1995:

N41:SS:RCV SOC SEC I:IND N41B:SS: AMT RECD I:IND N42A:SS:R1: AMT REC:IND N42A:SS:R2 AMT RECV:IND N43A:SS:R1: AMT REC:IND N44A:SS:R2 AMT RECV:IND N41:SS:RCV SOC SEC I:IMP N41A:SS:1CHK/SEPARATE CK N41B:SS: AMT RECVD :IMP N42:SS:R1RETIREMENT N42:SS:R1SURVIVORS BEN N42:SS:R1DEPND OF DISAB N42:SS:R1DEPND OR RETIR N42:SS:R1OTHER N42A:SS:R1 AMT RECV:IMP N42:SS:R2RETIREMENT N42:SS:R2SURVIVORS BEN N42:SS:R2DEPND OF DISAB N42:SS:R2DEPND OR RETIR N42:SS:R2OTHER N42A:SS:R2 AMT RECV:IMP N43:SS:R1RETIREMENT N43:SS:R1SURVIVORS BENFT N43:SS:R1DPEND OF DSABLD N43:SS:R1DPEND OF RTIRED N43:SS:R1OTHER N43A:SS:R1 AMT RECV:IMP N44:SS:R2RETIREMENT N44:SS:R2SURVIVORS BENFT N44:SS:R2DPEND OF DSABLD N44:SS:R2DPEND OF RTIRED N44:SS:R2OTHER N44A:SS:R2 AMT RECV:IMP J1. SS: RECEIVE ANY J1a. SS: 1 OR 2 CHECKS J2. SS: R TYPE J2b. SS: R $ LAST MONTH J2d. SS: R START MONTH J2e. SS: R START YEAR J3. SS: SP TYPE J3a. SS: SP $ LAST MONTH J3c. SS: SP START MONTH J3d. SS: SP START YEAR N23. Imputation flag N23a. Imputation flag N23c. Imputation flag N23g. Imputation flag N23.SOCIAL SECURITY? N23a.WHO RECEIVED SOCIAL N23b.TYPE SOCIAL SECURIT N23b.TYPE SOCIAL SECURIT N23c.AMT SS LAST MONTH N23e.START RECEIVING SSN23e.START RECEIVING SSN23f.SP-TYPE SOCIAL SECU N23f.SP-TYPE SOCIAL SECU N23g.SP-AMT SS LAST MONT N23h.SP-START RECEIVING N23h.SP-START RECEIVING

667

Section D: Income

D3875 D3877M1 D3877M2 D3878 D3879 D3880 D3881 D3883 D3884 D3885 D3886M1 D3886M2 D3888 D3889 D3890 D3891 D3893 D3894 HRS 1996: E3580 E3582 E3606 E3614 E3616 E3983 E3984 E3985 E3986 E3987 E3989 E3990 E3991 E3996 E3997 E3998 E4000 E4001 E4002 HRS 1998: F272 F273 F4088 F4090 F4135 F4139 F4141 F4498 F4502 F4504 F4743 F4744 F4745 F4746 F4747 F4749 F4750 F4751 F4756 F4757 F4758 F4760 F4761 F4762

J1.RECEIVE SOC SEC J2.R TYPE SOC SEC J2.R TYPE SOC SEC J3.AMT SOC SEC LAST MNTH J3A.AMT SS R DK-1 J3B.AMT SS R DK-2 J3C.AMT SS R DK-3 J4A.MONTH START SOC SEC J4A.YEAR START SOC SEC J5.SP REC SS J5A.SP TYPE SOC SEC J5A.SP TYPE SOC SEC J6.AMT SOC SEC LAST MNTH SP/PT J6A.AMT SS S DK-1 J6B.AMT SS S DK-2 J6C.AMT SS S DK-3 J7A.MONTH START SOC SEC SP/PT J7B.YEAR START SOC SEC SP/PT GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18B. SS STOP-YR GD26F1. SS RECEIVE-YR GD26J. SS-STILL RECEIVING GD26K1. SS STOP-YR J45.SOC SEC INCOME J46.WHO RECEIVE SOC SEC INCOME J47.R AMT RECVD SS LAST MO J47A.R $ RECVD SS LAST MO DK-1K J47B.R $ RECVD SS LAST MO DK-1.5K J47D.R $ RECVD SS LAST MO DK-500 J48.R RECV SS BENEFITS START YEAR J49.SS BENEFITS START MONTH J50A1.SP HOW MUCH SS BENEFITS J50A2.SP $ SS BENEFITS DK-1K J50A3.SP $ SS BENEFITS DK-1.5K J50A5.SP $ SS BENEFITS DK-500 J50B1.SP BENEFITS START - YEAR J50B2.SP BENEFITS START - MONTH PREV WAVE R REC SS PREV WAVE S/P REC SS GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18B. SS STOP-YR GD26F1. SS RECEIVE-YR GD26J. SS-STILL RECEIVING GD26K1. SS STOP-YR GJ123F1.SS AWARDED - YEAR GJ123J.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GJ123K1.BENEFITS STOPPED - YEAR J45.SOC SEC INCOME J46.WHO RECEIVE SOC SEC INCOME J47.R AMT RECVD SS LAST MO J47A.R DK-1K J47B.R DK-1,500 J47D.R DK-500 J48.R SS BENEFITS START YEAR J49.R SS BENEFITS START MONTH J50A1.SP HOW MUCH SS BENEFITS J50A2.SP DK-1K J50A3.SP DK-1,500 J50A5.SP DK-500 J50B1.SP SS BENEFITS START YEAR J50B2.SP SS BENEFITS START MONTH

668

Section D: Income

HRS 2000: G272 G273 G4374 G4378 G4382 G4392 G4396 G4399 G4405 G4409 G4412 G4465 G4466 G4472 G4870 G4875 G4877 G5182 G5185 G5186 G5187 G5188 G5190 G5193 G5194 G5199 G5200 G5201 G5203 G5204 G5205 HRS 2002: HM030F1 HM030L1 HM032B1 HM032F1 HM032L1 HM040K HM040P HM040V HM648B1 HM648B2 HM648F1 HM648F2 HM648L1 HQ084 HQ085 HQ086 HQ087 HQ088 HQ089 HQ090 HQ091 HQ092 HQ093 HQ094 HQ095 HQ096 HQ106 HZ125 HZ126 HRS 2004:

PR272.PREV WAVE R REC SS PR273.PREV WAVE S/P REC SS GD18AA. REC`D SSDI BENEFITS GD18AD. SSDI START-YEAR GD18AF. SSDI STOP-YR GD18CC. SSDI START-YEAR GD18CG.STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS GD18CK. SSDI STOP-YR GD18DF. SSDI START-YEAR GD18DK.STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS GD18DP. SSDI STOP-YR GD26F1.SSD LAST APP BENEFITS START-YR GD26G.SSD-STILL RECEIVING GD26M1.SSD BENEFITS STOP-YR GJ123F1.SSDI AWARDED - YEAR GJ123J.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GJ123K.BENEFITS STOPPED - YEAR J45.SOC SEC INCOME J46.WHO RECEIVE SOC SEC INCOME J47.R AMT RECVD SS LAST MO J47A.R DK-700 J47B.R DK-1000 J47D.R DK-500 J48.R SS BENEFITS START YEAR J49.R SS BENEFITS START MONTH J50A1.SP HOW MUCH SS BENEFITS J50A2.SP DK-700 J50A3.SP DK-1000 J50A5.SP DK-500 J50B1.SP SS BENEFITS START YEAR J50B2.SP SS BENEFITS START MONTH HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR HM032B1 SSDI START-YR HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR HM040K SSDI START-YR HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM040VSSDI STOP-YR SSDI START YEAR-1 SSDI START YEAR-2 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS-1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS-2 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 SP SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME R AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX R AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE S/P RECEIVES SS

669

Section D: Income

JM030 JMW234C JMW234I JMW234Q JMW234R JMW238A JMW238C JMW238I JMW238Q JMW238R JMW244A JMW244C JMW244I JMW244Q JMW244R JQ084 JQ085 JQ086 JQ087 JQ088 JQ089 JQ090 JQ091 JQ092 JQ093 JQ094 JQ095 JQ096 JQ106 JZ125 JZ126 HRS 2006: KM030 KMW234C KMW234I KMW234Q KMW234R KMW238A KMW238C KMW238I KMW238Q KMW238R KMW244A KMW244C KMW244I KMW244Q KMW244R KQ084 KQ085 KQ086 KQ087 KQ088 KQ089 KQ090 KQ091 KQ092 KQ093 KQ094 KQ095 KQ096 KQ106 KZ125 KZ126

HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 HM648B1 SSDI START YEAR-1 HM648B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -3 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM648F2 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM030K1 SSDI STOP-YR HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR -2 HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR -3 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 HM648L2 SSDI STOP-YR -2 SP SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME R AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX R AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE S/P RECEIVES SS HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 HM648B1 SSDI START YEAR-1 HM648B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -3 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM648F2 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM030K1 SSDI STOP-YR HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR -2 HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR -3 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 HM648L2 SSDI STOP-YR -2 SP SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME R AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX R AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE S/P RECEIVES SS

670

Section D: Income

HRS 2008: LM030 LMW234C LMW234I LMW234Q LMW234R LMW238A LMW238C LMW238I LMW238Q LMW238R LMW244A LMW244C LMW244I LMW244Q LMW244R LQ084 LQ085 LQ086 LQ087 LQ088 LQ089 LQ090 LQ091 LQ092 LQ093 LQ094 LQ095 LQ096 LQ106 LZ125 LZ126 Tracker: AFINR BFINR CFINR DFINR EFINR FFINR GFINR HFINR JFINR KFINR LFINR

671

HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 HM648B1 SSDI START YEAR-1 HM648B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -3 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM648F2 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM030K1 SSDI STOP-YR HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR -2 HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR -3 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 HM648L2 SSDI STOP-YR -2 SP SOCIAL SECURITY INCOME R AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN R AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX R AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP AMOUNT OF SS INCOME - LAST MONTH SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MIN SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - MAX SP AMT FROM SS INCOME - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH PREV WAVE R RECEIVES SS PREV WAVE S/P RECEIVES SS 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER

FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL

RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT

Section D: Income

672

Individual Unemployment or Workers Compensation Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IUNWC R2IUNWC R3IUNWC R4IUNWC R5IUNWC R6IUNWC R7IUNWC R8IUNWC R9IUNWC

R1IUNWC:W1 R2IUNWC:W2 R3IUNWC:W3 R4IUNWC:W4 R5IUNWC:W5 R6IUNWC:W6 R7IUNWC:W7 R8IUNWC:W8 R9IUNWC:W9

Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R

Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp

+ + + + + + + + +

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IUNWC S2IUNWC S3IUNWC S4IUNWC S5IUNWC S6IUNWC S7IUNWC S8IUNWC S9IUNWC

S1IUNWC:W1 S2IUNWC:W2 S3IUNWC:W3 S4IUNWC:W4 S5IUNWC:W5 S6IUNWC:W6 S7IUNWC:W7 S8IUNWC:W8 S9IUNWC:W9

Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IFUNWC R2IFUNWC R3IFUNWC R4IFUNWC R5IFUNWC R6IFUNWC R7IFUNWC R8IFUNWC R9IFUNWC

R1IFUNWC:W1 R2IFUNWC:W2 R3IFUNWC:W3 R4IFUNWC:W4 R5IFUNWC:W5 R6IFUNWC:W6 R7IFUNWC:W7 R8IFUNWC:W8 R9IFUNWC:W9

IncFlag:R IncFlag:R ImpFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IFUNWC S2IFUNWC S3IFUNWC S4IFUNWC S5IFUNWC S6IFUNWC S7IFUNWC S8IFUNWC S9IFUNWC

S1IFUNWC:W1 S2IFUNWC:W2 S3IFUNWC:W3 S4IFUNWC:W4 S5IFUNWC:W5 S6IFUNWC:W6 S7IFUNWC:W7 S8IFUNWC:W8 S9IFUNWC:W9

IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp ImpFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1FUNEM R2FUNEM R3FUNEM R4FUNEM R5FUNEM R6FUNEM R7FUNEM R8FUNEM R9FUNEM

R1FUNEM:W1 R2FUNEM:W2 R3FUNEM:W3 R4FUNEM:W4 R5FUNEM:W5 R6FUNEM:W6 R7FUNEM:W7 R8FUNEM:W8 R9FUNEM:W9

ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

S1FUNEM

S1FUNEM:W1 ImpFlag-Unemployment

Categ

Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp

Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker

+ + + + + + + + +

Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp

Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker

+ + + + + + + + +

Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp Unemp

Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp

Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker Worker

+ + + + + + + + +

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp Cmp

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

WorkerCmp WorkerCmp WorkerCmp WorkerCmp WorkerCmp WorkerCmp WorkerCmp WorkerCmp WorkerCmp

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

673

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FUNEM S3FUNEM S4FUNEM S5FUNEM S6FUNEM S7FUNEM S8FUNEM S9FUNEM

S2FUNEM:W2 S3FUNEM:W3 S4FUNEM:W4 S5FUNEM:W5 S6FUNEM:W6 S7FUNEM:W7 S8FUNEM:W8 S9FUNEM:W9

ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment ImpFlag-Unemployment

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1FWCMP R2FWCMP R3FWCMP R4FWCMP R5FWCMP R6FWCMP R7FWCMP R8FWCMP R9FWCMP

R1FWCMP:W1 R2FWCMP:W2 R3FWCMP:W3 R4FWCMP:W4 R5FWCMP:W5 R6FWCMP:W6 R7FWCMP:W7 R8FWCMP:W8 R9FWCMP:W9

ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers

Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1FWCMP S2FWCMP S3FWCMP S4FWCMP S5FWCMP S6FWCMP S7FWCMP S8FWCMP S9FWCMP

S1FWCMP:W1 S2FWCMP:W2 S3FWCMP:W3 S4FWCMP:W4 S5FWCMP:W5 S6FWCMP:W6 S7FWCMP:W7 S8FWCMP:W8 S9FWCMP:W9

ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers ImpFlag-Workers

Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp Comp

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1IUNWC R2IUNWC R3IUNWC R4IUNWC R5IUNWC R6IUNWC R7IUNWC R8IUNWC R9IUNWC

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

203.586 130.637 101.314 106.857 95.673 64.800 115.797 77.790 77.452

1259.730 1090.352 1225.935 1040.074 1229.548 737.293 1215.558 887.747 1104.854

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

30800.000 31000.000 60000.000 30000.000 100000.000 32760.000 80000.000 39000.000 100000.000

S1IUNWC S2IUNWC S3IUNWC S4IUNWC S5IUNWC S6IUNWC S7IUNWC S8IUNWC S9IUNWC

10279 17345 15656 14515 13041 11861 13353 12052 11011

204.656 115.250 91.476 118.827 108.852 77.495 119.873 97.481 94.249

1302.997 1038.865 1229.616 1096.357 1429.489 829.396 1159.888 1125.845 1304.677

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

30800.000 31000.000 60000.000 28000.000 100000.000 32760.000 50000.000 39000.000 100000.000

R1IFUNWC R2IFUNWC R3IFUNWC R4IFUNWC R5IFUNWC R6IFUNWC

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167

0.143 3.030 2.805 0.123 0.094 0.053

0.828 3.450 3.415 0.905 0.776 0.496

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

674

R7IFUNWC R8IFUNWC R9IFUNWC

20129 18469 17217

0.079 0.062 0.066

0.643 0.573 0.625

0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000

S1IFUNWC S2IFUNWC S3IFUNWC S4IFUNWC S5IFUNWC S6IFUNWC S7IFUNWC S8IFUNWC S9IFUNWC

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.627 3.943 3.827 2.674 2.737 2.817 2.756 2.826 2.936

3.169 3.592 3.622 3.761 3.782 3.805 3.782 3.809 3.844

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1FUNEM R2FUNEM R3FUNEM R4FUNEM R5FUNEM R6FUNEM R7FUNEM R8FUNEM R9FUNEM

12652 11420 10964 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.827 5.855 5.901 5.949 5.959 5.945 5.926 5.947 5.960

1.012 0.981 0.811 0.697 0.613 0.581 0.681 0.590 0.561

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1FUNEM S2FUNEM S3FUNEM S4FUNEM S5FUNEM S6FUNEM S7FUNEM S8FUNEM S9FUNEM

12652 11420 10964 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.248 6.304 6.358 6.609 6.640 6.657 6.628 6.662 6.696

1.229 1.187 1.097 1.136 1.087 1.093 1.124 1.088 1.084

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1FWCMP R2FWCMP R3FWCMP R4FWCMP R5FWCMP R6FWCMP R7FWCMP R8FWCMP R9FWCMP

12652 11420 10964 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.952 5.970 5.965 5.997 5.992 5.994 5.996 5.998 6.001

0.660 0.647 0.597 0.503 0.465 0.328 0.379 0.330 0.343

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1FWCMP S2FWCMP S3FWCMP S4FWCMP S5FWCMP S6FWCMP S7FWCMP S8FWCMP S9FWCMP

12652 11420 10964 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.343 6.381 6.403 6.646 6.662 6.690 6.671 6.694 6.722

0.994 0.991 0.976 1.031 1.025 0.998 1.007 0.997 1.006

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1IFUNWC R2IFUNWC R3IFUNWC R4IFUNWC R5IFUNWC R6IFUNWC R7IFUNWC R8IFUNWC R9IFUNWC 0.no income | 11749 10604 10407 20562 18962 17717 19466 18005 16801 1.no imputations | 668 531 377 470 351 247 355 243 216 2.some imputation | 140 161 103 145 129 158 219 156 125 7.NA this wave->set to 0 | 8222 7027 9.no Fin Resp | 95 124 77 207 137 45 89 65 75

Section D: Income

675

Value-------------------------|S1IFUNWC S2IFUNWC S3IFUNWC S4IFUNWC S5IFUNWC S6IFUNWC S7IFUNWC S8IFUNWC S9IFUNWC 0.no income | 9558 8519 8225 13877 12607 11538 12874 11722 10707 1.no imputations | 512 384 270 346 241 173 237 159 148 2.some imputation | 114 121 70 107 100 114 165 119 94 7.NA this wave->set to 0 | 8222 7027 8.no Sp/Part->no incm | 2373 2297 2335 6869 6538 6306 6776 6417 6206 9.no Fin Resp | 95 99 64 185 93 36 77 52 62 Value-------------------------| R1FUNEM .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 495 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 53 6.no income | 11960 7.DK if income | 49 9.no Fin Resp | 95

R2FUNEM 8222 400

R3FUNEM 7027 262

R4FUNEM

R5FUNEM

R6FUNEM

R7FUNEM

R8FUNEM

R9FUNEM

338

242

78 10771 47 124

44 10543 38 77

67 20719 53 207

50 19102 48 137

203 37 4 18 17795 65 45

296 66 10 39 19568 61 89

201 47 4 17 18078 57 65

172 23 2 21 16867 57 75

Value-------------------------| S1FUNEM .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 378 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 43 6.no income | 9724 7.DK if income | 39 8.No spouse/partner | 2373 9.no Fin Resp | 95

S2FUNEM 4549 3673 279

S3FUNEM 3704 3323 185

S4FUNEM

S5FUNEM

S6FUNEM

S7FUNEM

S8FUNEM

S9FUNEM

252

164

63 8648 34 2297 99

37 8322 21 2335 64

49 13990 40 6868 185

40 12707 37 6538 93

139 27 3 12 11600 44 6306 36

186 48 9 33 12960 40 6776 77

128 34 4 11 11781 42 6417 52

115 16 1 17 10757 43 6206 62

Value-------------------------| R1FWCMP .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 184 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 29 6.no income | 12287 7.DK if income | 57 9.no Fin Resp | 95

R2FWCMP 8222 144

R3FWCMP 7027 127

R4FWCMP

R5FWCMP

R6FWCMP

R7FWCMP

R8FWCMP

R9FWCMP

139

117

31 11081 40 124

19 10705 36 77

28 20967 43 207

30 19245 50 137

50 12 3 6 17978 73 45

65 24 1 6 19871 73 89

45 14 1 5 18275 64 65

45 10 1 4 17024 58 75

Value-------------------------| S1FWCMP .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 143 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 25 6.no income | 9970 7.DK if income | 46 8.No spouse/partner | 2373 9.no Fin Resp | 95

S2FWCMP 4549 3673 110

S3FWCMP 3704 3323 91

S4FWCMP

S5FWCMP

S6FWCMP

S7FWCMP

S8FWCMP

S9FWCMP

98

83

18 8867 29 2297 99

11 8444 19 2335 64

20 14183 30 6868 185

22 12804 39 6538 93

38 10 2 3 11717 55 6306 36

53 17 1 4 13147 54 6776 77

33 13 1 5 11900 48 6417 52

34 7 1 3 10861 43 6206 62

General Comments: Income measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD income component is missing it is imputed using the method described in the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in whether unfolding brackets are used to determine a range of income when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. The order in which income questions are asked also changes across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" section earlier in this document. Generally, Wave 1 questions ask about 1991 income, Wave 2H asks about 1993 income, and Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, about income last calendar year, based on the Financial Respondent's interview year. In Waves 2A, 3H, 4, and 5 forward not all interviews are completely conducted in the same year.

Section D: Income

676

The HRS and AHEAD income components are summed to create the income measures requested for these files. For each derived income measure a flag indicates whether any or all of its components were imputed. Also included are flags for each HRS and AHEAD income component that indicate the level of imputation used for the individual component. HRS and AHEAD income measures are reported at the household level. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The respondent income measures on this file are those of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the spouse income measures are those of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse income is assigned as the respondent income and the FinR-reported respondent income is assigned as the spouse income.

How Constructed: RwIUNWC sums the respondent's income from unemployment and worker's compensation. RwIFUNWC is a flag that indicates whether any components are imputed. A '1.continuous value' indicates that the respondent reports actual values and no imputed values are included in the sum. RwFUNEM and RwFWCMP indicate whether the respondent's component is imputed, and if so, how much information is available for imputation to use. SwIUNWC sums the spouse's income from unemployment and worker's compensation. that indicates whether any components are imputed.

SwIFUNWC is a flag

SwFUNEM and SwFWCMP indicate whether the spouse's component is imputed, and if so, how much information is available for the imputation to use. Unemployment and worker's compensation are not available for AHEAD respondents in Waves 2A and 3A. RwIUNWC and SwIUNWC are set to zero for all AHEAD respondents in these waves, and RwIFUNWC and SwIFUNWC are set to 7 to flag the cases where this is done. For AHEAD entry cohort respondents, R2FUNEM, R2FWCMP, S2FUNEM, S2FWCMP, R3FUNEM, R3FWCMP, S3FUNEM, and S3FWCMP are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Waves 2A and 3A.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The unemployment and worker's compensation questions are asked in all HRS waves for respondent and spouse. The question wording varies slightly. In AHEAD (Waves 2A and 3A), there are no questions about unemployment and worker's compensation. In Wave 1, the questions ask for income received in 1991. In Wave 2H, the questions ask for income received in 1993. Beginning in Wave 3H, the questions ask for income received in the last calendar year. The last calendar year is the year before the year of the interview. The question about the amount received is: How much did you receive in [year]? Beginning in Wave 4, the question changes slightly to: How much did you receive in [year] (before taxes and other deductions)? In Wave 5, respondents who are 65 years of age or older, and report not working for pay in the last calendar year, skip the questions about income from unemployment and worker’s compensation. Respondents who are < 65 years of age, on the other hand, are asked both sets of questions, even if they are not working. From Wave 6 forward, the same pattern is true for respondents who are 65 years of age or older. However, those who are < 65 years of age, and report not working for pay in the last calendar year, are asked the questions about income from unemployment, but skip those related to worker’s compensation.

Section D: Income

677

Beginning in Wave 6, unfolding bracket questions are asked for unemployment and worker's compensation. For AHEAD respondents in Waves 2A and 3A, the income components corresponding to imputation flags R2FUNEM, R2FWCMP, S2FUNEM, S2FWCMP, R3FUNEM, R3FWCMP, S3FUNEM, and S3FWCMP are not available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15501 V15502 V15503 V15523 V15601 V15602 V15603 V15623 V5501 V5502 V5503 V5523 V5601 V5602 V5603 V5623 HRS 1994: W15984 W15985 W15986 W16003 W16020 W16021 W16022 W16039 W5984 W5985 W5986 W6003 W6020 W6021 W6022 W6039 HRS 1996: E3871 E3942 E3943 E3944 E3952 E3961 E3962 E3963 E3974 HRS 1998: F4629 F4702 F4703 F4704 F4712 F4721 F4722 F4723 F4734 HRS 2000:

N8:1991:RECV UNEMP C:IND N8A:WHO RECVD UNEMP :IND N9:UNEMP COMP: AMTRE:IND N9:UNEMP COMP: AMTRE:IND N13:1991:RECV WRKRS :IND N13A:WHO RECVD WRKRS:IND N16 WORK COMP: AMTRE:IND N16 WORK COMP: AMTRE:IND N8:1991:RECV UNEMP C:IMP N8A:WHO RECVD UNEMP :IMP N9:UNEMP COMP:$AMT R:IMP N11:UNEMP COMP:$AMT :IMP N13:1991:RECV WRKRS :IMP N13A:WHO RECVD WRKRS:IMP N14:WRKRS COMP:$AMT :IMP N16:WRK COMP:$AMT RE:IMP N9. Imputation flag N9a. Imputation flag N10. Imputation flag N12. Imputation flag N14. Imputation flag N14a. Imputation flag N15. Imputation flag N17. Imputation flag N9.UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSA N9a.WHO RECD UNEMPLOYMEN N10.R-AMT UNEMPLOYMENT C N12.SP-AMT UNEMPLOYMENT N14.WORKERS COMPENSATION N14a.WHO RECD WORKERS CO N15.R-AMT WORKERS COMPEN N17.SP-AMT WORKERS COMPE J1.R OR SP WORK FOR PAY LCYEAR J21.WHETHER UNEMPL COMP LCY J22.WHO RECD UNEMPL COMP J23.AMT UNEMPL COMP LCY J28.AMT S/P UNEMPL COMP LCY J33.WHETHER WORKERS COMP LCY J34.WHO RECD WORKERS COMP J35.AMT WORKERS COMP LCY J40.AMT S/P WORKERS COMP LCY J1.R OR SP WORK FOR PAY LCYEAR J21.WHETHER UNEMPL COMP LCY J22.WHO RECD UNEMPL COMP J23.AMT UNEMPL COMP LCY J28.AMT S/P UNEMPL COMP LCY J33.WHETHER WORKERS COMP LCY J34.WHO RECD WORKERS COMP J35.AMT WORKERS COMP LCY J40.AMT S/P WORKERS COMP LCY

Section D: Income

G5068 G5141 G5142 G5143 G5151 G5160 G5161 G5162 G5173 HRS 2002: HQ010 HQ064 HQ065 HQ066 HQ067 HQ068 HQ070 HQ071 HQ072 HQ074 HQ075 HQ076 HQ077 HQ078 HQ080 HQ081 HQ082 HRS 2004: JQ010 JQ064 JQ065 JQ066 JQ067 JQ068 JQ070 JQ071 JQ072 JQ074 JQ075 JQ076 JQ077 JQ078 JQ080 JQ081 JQ082 HRS 2006: KQ010 KQ064 KQ065 KQ066 KQ067 KQ068 KQ070 KQ071 KQ072 KQ074 KQ075 KQ076 KQ077 KQ078 KQ080 KQ081 KQ082

J1.R OR SP WORK FOR PAY LCYEAR J21.WHETHER UNEMPL COMP LCY J22.WHO RECD UNEMPL COMP J23.AMT UNEMPL COMP LCY J28.AMT S/P UNEMPL COMP LCY J33.WHETHER WORKERS COMP LCY J34.WHO RECD WORKERS COMP J35.AMT WORKERS COMP LCY J40.AMT S/P WORKERS COMP LCY R OR SP WORK FOR PAY - LCY R OR SP INCOME FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY WHO RECEIVED INC FROM UNEMPLOYMENT LCY R AMOUNT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY R AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT- MIN R AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MAX SP AMOUNT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY SP AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MIN SP AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MAX R OR SP INCOME FROM WORKERS COMP - LCY WHO RECEIVED FROM WORKERS COMP LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORKERS COMP LCY R AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MIN R AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MAX SP AMOUNT FROM WORKERS COMP LCY SP AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MIN SP AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MAX R OR SP WORK FOR PAY - LCY R OR SP INCOME FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY WHO RECEIVED INC FROM UNEMPLOYMENT LCY R AMOUNT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY R AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT- MIN R AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MAX SP AMOUNT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY SP AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MIN SP AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MAX R OR SP INCOME FROM WORKERS COMP - LCY WHO RECEIVED FROM WORKERS COMP LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORKERS COMP LCY R AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MIN R AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MAX SP AMOUNT FROM WORKERS COMP LCY SP AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MIN SP AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MAX R OR SP WORK FOR PAY - LCY R OR SP INCOME FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY WHO RECEIVED INC FROM UNEMPLOYMENT LCY R AMOUNT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY R AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT- MIN R AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MAX SP AMOUNT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY SP AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MIN SP AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MAX R OR SP INCOME FROM WORKERS COMP - LCY WHO RECEIVED FROM WORKERS COMP LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORKERS COMP LCY R AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MIN R AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MAX SP AMOUNT FROM WORKERS COMP LCY SP AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MIN SP AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MAX

678

Section D: Income

HRS 2008: LQ010 LQ064 LQ065 LQ066 LQ067 LQ068 LQ070 LQ071 LQ072 LQ074 LQ075 LQ076 LQ077 LQ078 LQ080 LQ081 LQ082 Tracker: AFINR BFINR CFINR EFINR FFINR GFINR HFINR JFINR KFINR LFINR

679

R OR SP WORK FOR PAY - LCY R OR SP INCOME FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY WHO RECEIVED INC FROM UNEMPLOYMENT LCY R AMOUNT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY R AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT- MIN R AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MAX SP AMOUNT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - LCY SP AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MIN SP AMT FROM UNEMPLOYMENT - MAX R OR SP INCOME FROM WORKERS COMP - LCY WHO RECEIVED FROM WORKERS COMP LCY R AMOUNT FROM WORKERS COMP LCY R AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MIN R AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MAX SP AMOUNT FROM WORKERS COMP LCY SP AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MIN SP AMT FROM WORKERS COMP - MAX 1992 1993 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER

FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL

RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT

Section D: Income

680

Individual income from other government transfers Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IGXFR R2IGXFR R3IGXFR R4IGXFR R5IGXFR R6IGXFR R7IGXFR R8IGXFR R9IGXFR

R1IGXFR:W1 R2IGXFR:W2 R3IGXFR:W3 R4IGXFR:W4 R5IGXFR:W5 R6IGXFR:W6 R7IGXFR:W7 R8IGXFR:W8 R9IGXFR:W9

Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R Income:R

Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IGXFR S2IGXFR S3IGXFR S4IGXFR S5IGXFR S6IGXFR S7IGXFR S8IGXFR S9IGXFR

S1IGXFR:W1 S2IGXFR:W2 S3IGXFR:W3 S4IGXFR:W4 S5IGXFR:W5 S6IGXFR:W6 S7IGXFR:W7 S8IGXFR:W8 S9IGXFR:W9

Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp Income:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1IFGXFR R2IFGXFR R3IFGXFR R4IFGXFR R5IFGXFR R6IFGXFR R7IFGXFR R8IFGXFR R9IFGXFR

R1IFGXFR:W1 R2IFGXFR:W2 R3IFGXFR:W3 R4IFGXFR:W4 R5IFGXFR:W5 R6IFGXFR:W6 R7IFGXFR:W7 R8IFGXFR:W8 R9IFGXFR:W9

IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R IncFlag:R

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1IFGXFR S2IFGXFR S3IFGXFR S4IFGXFR S5IFGXFR S6IFGXFR S7IFGXFR S8IFGXFR S9IFGXFR

S1IFGXFR:W1 S2IFGXFR:W2 S3IFGXFR:W3 S4IFGXFR:W4 S5IFGXFR:W5 S6IFGXFR:W6 S7IFGXFR:W7 S8IFGXFR:W8 S9IFGXFR:W9

IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp IncFlag:Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1FVET R2FVET R3FVET R4FVET R5FVET R6FVET R7FVET R8FVET R9FVET

R1FVET:W1 R2FVET:W2 R3FVET:W3 R4FVET:W4 R5FVET:W5 R6FVET:W6 R7FVET:W7 R8FVET:W8 R9FVET:W9

Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

S1FVET

S1FVET:W1 ImpFlag-Veteran Benefits

Categ

Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other

Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other

ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran

Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer

Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer Transfer

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

Transfr Transfr Transfr Transfr Transfr Transfr Transfr Transfr Transfr

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

681

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2FVET S3FVET S4FVET S5FVET S6FVET S7FVET S8FVET S9FVET

S2FVET:W2 S3FVET:W3 S4FVET:W4 S5FVET:W5 S6FVET:W6 S7FVET:W7 S8FVET:W8 S9FVET:W9

ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran ImpFlag-Veteran

Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits Benefits

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

R2FVET1

R2FVET1:W2 ImpFlag-Vet Benefits #1

Categ

2

S2FVET1

S2FVET1:W2 ImpFlag-Vet Benefits #1

Categ

2

R2FVET2

R2FVET2:W2 ImpFlag-Vet Benefits #2

Categ

2

S2FVET2

S2FVET2:W2 ImpFlag-Vet Benefits #2

Categ

1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1FWELF H3FWELF H4FWELF H5FWELF H6FWELF H7FWELF H8FWELF H9FWELF

H1FWELF:W1 H3FWELF:W3 H4FWELF:W4 H5FWELF:W5 H6FWELF:W6 H7FWELF:W7 H8FWELF:W8 H9FWELF:W9

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

R2FWELF

R2FWELF:W2 ImpFlag-Welfare Inc

Categ

2

S2FWELF

S2FWELF:W2 ImpFlag-Welfare Inc

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1FFOOD H2FFOOD H3FFOOD H4FFOOD H5FFOOD H6FFOOD H7FFOOD H8FFOOD H9FFOOD

H1FFOOD:W1 H2FFOOD:W2 H3FFOOD:W3 H4FFOOD:W4 H5FFOOD:W5 H6FFOOD:W6 H7FFOOD:W7 H8FFOOD:W8 H9FFOOD:W9

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

ImpFlag-Welfare ImpFlag-Welfare ImpFlag-Welfare ImpFlag-Welfare ImpFlag-Welfare ImpFlag-Welfare ImpFlag-Welfare ImpFlag-Welfare

ImpFlag-Food ImpFlag-Food ImpFlag-Food ImpFlag-Food ImpFlag-Food ImpFlag-Food ImpFlag-Food ImpFlag-Food ImpFlag-Food

Stamps Stamps Stamps Stamps Stamps Stamps Stamps Stamps Stamps

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1IGXFR R2IGXFR R3IGXFR R4IGXFR R5IGXFR R6IGXFR R7IGXFR R8IGXFR R9IGXFR

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

484.744 274.517 435.560 492.043 517.125 557.200 579.003 681.855 746.418

2672.817 1868.502 2717.263 3102.112 3240.169 3569.992 3585.240 4074.259 4498.555

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

60000.000 57600.000 80884.304 73757.145 63600.000 99600.000 96323.286 101108.117 150329.433

S1IGXFR S2IGXFR S3IGXFR S4IGXFR

10279 13672 12333 14515

419.464 234.263 439.217 479.074

2693.943 1996.927 3020.385 3320.833

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

60000.000 57600.000 80884.304 70290.779

Section D: Income

682

S5IGXFR S6IGXFR S7IGXFR S8IGXFR S9IGXFR

13041 11861 13353 12052 11011

498.322 544.374 558.497 675.824 748.186

3458.636 3822.122 3832.360 4434.742 4960.661

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

63600.000 99600.000 96323.286 101108.117 150329.433

R1IFGXFR R2IFGXFR R3IFGXFR R4IFGXFR R5IFGXFR R6IFGXFR R7IFGXFR R8IFGXFR R9IFGXFR

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.184 0.197 0.185 0.201 0.173 0.134 0.154 0.156 0.169

0.848 0.840 0.833 0.944 0.825 0.578 0.693 0.648 0.704

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1IFGXFR S2IFGXFR S3IFGXFR S4IFGXFR S5IFGXFR S6IFGXFR S7IFGXFR S8IFGXFR S9IFGXFR

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.643 2.551 2.621 2.704 2.767 2.849 2.783 2.863 2.977

3.164 3.671 3.706 3.745 3.764 3.786 3.766 3.787 3.818

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R1FVET R2FVET R3FVET R4FVET R5FVET R6FVET R7FVET R8FVET R9FVET

12652 11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.862 5.920 5.826 5.823 5.815 5.806 5.815 5.799 5.796

0.927 0.813 0.998 1.039 1.025 0.993 0.994 1.019 1.032

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

S1FVET S2FVET S3FVET S4FVET S5FVET S6FVET S7FVET S8FVET S9FVET

12652 11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.280 6.348 6.520 6.544 6.564 6.588 6.576 6.585 6.609

1.155 1.083 1.277 1.297 1.284 1.273 1.258 1.286 1.306

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

R2FVET1

8222

5.849

0.956

1.000

9.000

S2FVET1

8222

6.826

1.251

1.000

9.000

R2FVET2

8222

6.016

0.175

1.000

9.000

S2FVET2

8222

6.906

0.993

1.000

9.000

H1FWELF H3FWELF H4FWELF H5FWELF H6FWELF H7FWELF H8FWELF H9FWELF

12652 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.934 5.981 5.996 6.003 5.991 5.995 5.996 5.995

0.724 0.518 0.513 0.410 0.360 0.381 0.345 0.381

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

683

R2FWELF

11420

5.967

0.652

1.000

9.000

S2FWELF

11420

6.404

0.918

1.000

9.000

H1FFOOD H2FFOOD H3FFOOD H4FFOOD H5FFOOD H6FFOOD H7FFOOD H8FFOOD H9FFOOD

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.730 5.765 5.788 5.824 5.838 5.828 5.770 5.747 5.748

1.210 1.162 1.083 1.040 0.973 0.950 1.095 1.131 1.137

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1IFGXFR R2IFGXFR R3IFGXFR R4IFGXFR R5IFGXFR R6IFGXFR R7IFGXFR R8IFGXFR R9IFGXFR 0.no income | 11251 17392 16027 19112 17634 16451 18052 16436 15253 1.no imputations | 1133 1568 1482 1697 1468 1310 1670 1642 1538 2.some imputation | 173 548 356 368 340 361 318 326 351 9.no Fin Resp | 95 134 126 207 137 45 89 65 75 Value-------------------------|S1IFGXFR S2IFGXFR S3IFGXFR S4IFGXFR S5IFGXFR S6IFGXFR S7IFGXFR S8IFGXFR S9IFGXFR 0.no income | 9365 12485 11333 13331 12076 11034 12345 11085 10064 1.no imputations | 693 742 720 794 705 594 754 763 714 2.some imputation | 126 342 194 205 167 197 177 152 171 8.no Sp/Part->no incm | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6776 6417 6206 9.no Fin Resp | 95 103 86 185 93 36 77 52 62 Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R1FVET 406

R2FVET 8222 258

49 12051 51 95

24 10980 34 124

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S1FVET

298

S2FVET 4549 3673 186

41 9804 41 2373 95

20 8789 29 2297 99

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FVET1 11420 294 29 7660 229 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FVET1 9123 2297 143 16 4221 165 3673 4

R3FVET

R4FVET

R5FVET

R6FVET

R7FVET

R8FVET

R9FVET

655 45 6 96 16995 68 126

821 72 9 54 20160 61 207

759 51 8 65 18496 63 137

689 50 6 64 17247 66 45

753 49 5 68 19109 56 89

734 49 9 74 17477 61 65

688 64 7 59 16280 44 75

S3FVET

S4FVET

S5FVET

S6FVET

S7FVET

S8FVET

S9FVET

408 31 3 68 11710 27 5658 86

495 44 4 31 13720 37 6868 185

437 28 4 44 12397 38 6538 93

381 32 5 35 11330 42 6306 36

404 33 5 48 12757 29 6776 77

406 28 6 44 11489 27 6417 52

383 42 7 31 10465 21 6206 62

Section D: Income

684

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FVET2 11420 2 8096 114 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FVET2 9123 2297 1 4448 96 3673 4

Value-------------------------| H1FWELF 1.continuous value | 230 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 18 6.no income | 12255 7.DK if income | 54 9.no Fin Resp | 95

H3FWELF 146

H4FWELF 147

H5FWELF 79

21 17669 29 126

25 20950 55 207

13 19285 65 137

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FWELF 8222 149 14 11119 14 124

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FWELF 4549 3673 56 5 8950 13 2297 99

Value-------------------------| H1FFOOD 1.continuous value | 740 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 53 6.no income | 11717 7.DK if income | 47 9.no Fin Resp | 95

H2FFOOD 1043

H3FFOOD 827

H4FFOOD 870

H5FFOOD 707

68 18125 272 134

90 16920 28 126

110 20125 72 207

101 18588 46 137

H6FWELF 68 9 1 6 17950 88 45

H7FWELF 68 22 1 5 19881 63 89

H8FWELF 55 11 1 6 18278 53 65

H9FWELF 58 19 1 3 17008 53 75

H6FFOOD 634 27 12 34 17324 91 45

H7FFOOD 942 46 6 16 18990 40 89

H8FFOOD 937 42 8 31 17348 38 65

H9FFOOD 868 47 14 40 16126 47 75

General Comments: Income measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD income component is missing it is imputed using the method described in the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in whether unfolding brackets are used to determine a range of income when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. The order in which income questions are asked also changes across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" section earlier in this document. Generally, Wave 1 questions ask about 1991 income, Wave 2H asks about 1993 income, and Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, about income last calendar year, based on the Financial Respondent's interview year. In Waves 2A, 3H, 4, and 5 forward not all interviews are completely conducted in the same year.

Section D: Income

685

The HRS and AHEAD income components are summed to create the income measures requested for these files. For each derived income measure a flag indicates whether any or all of its components were imputed. Also included are flags for each HRS and AHEAD income component that indicate the level of imputation used for the individual component. HRS and AHEAD income measures are reported at the household level. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The respondent income measures on this file are those of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the spouse income measures are those of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse income is assigned as the respondent income and the FinR-reported respondent income is assigned as the spouse income.

How Constructed: RwIGXFR sums the respondent's income from veteran's benefits, welfare, and food stamps. RwIFGXFR is a flag that indicates whether any components are imputed. A '1.continuous value' indicates that the respondent reports actual values and no imputed values are included in the sum. SwIGXFR sums the spouse's income from veterans benefits, welfare, and food stamps. flag that indicates whether any components are imputed.

SwIFGXFR is a

In all waves, veteran's benefits are reported individually and food stamps are reported for the household. In Wave 1, and from Wave 3 forward, welfare is reported for the household, but in Wave 2H it is reported individually. In Wave 2A, it is not reported at all. Beginning in Version F, we have introduced logic that takes into account who reported receiving welfare income. Specifically, the income is split between the respondent and spouse if the respondent is married or partnered and the income is reported jointly. However, income from welfare is not split between the two members of the couple if only one reports receiving it, that is – it is assigned to the appropriate recipient. This logic, as previously stated, does not apply Wave 2H, since income from welfare is already reported individually, nor does it pertain to Wave 2A, since there is no direct question about income from welfare. Income from food stamps is always divided equally between the respondent and spouse. [See Appendix A for a description of how many cases were affected by this change.] In Wave 1, the questions ask the amount of veteran's benefits and food stamps received in 1991. From Wave 2 forward, a monthly amount is asked. For veteran's benefits the first month received is also asked. Beginning in Wave 2H, the questions about food stamps ask which months since last interview they were received. The variable derivation checks the months income was received and multiplies the monthly amount appropriately to calculate a yearly amount. The RwFVET, SwFVET, R2FVETn, S2FVETn, HwFFOOD, R2FWELF, S2FWELF, and HwFWELF flags indicate whether the components are imputed, and if so, how much information is available for the imputation to use. Because of the differences in the way income information was collected for the HRS and AHEAD samples in wave 2, the income component imputation flags that apply vary, depending on the entry cohort of the respondent. For AHEAD entry cohort respondents, R2FVET, S2FVET, R2FWELF, and S2FWELF are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Wave 2A. For HRS entry cohort respondents, R2FVET1, S2FVET1, R2FVET2, and S2FVET2 are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Wave 2H.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The way the income component questions are asked varies across waves. In all waves, veteran's benefits are reported for respondent and spouse individually and food stamps are reported for the household. In Wave 1, and from Wave 3 forward, welfare is reported for the household, but in Wave 2H it can be reported individually or, if both the respondent and spouse receive it, jointly.

Section D: Income

686

In Wave 1, the questions ask for the annual amount of veteran's benefits and food stamps received in 1991. From Wave 2 forward, the amount of veteran's benefits received last month and the amount of food stamps in the latest month received are asked. For veteran's benefits the first month received is also asked. Beginning in Wave 2H, the questions about food stamps ask which months since last interview they were received. For welfare the question asks for the annual amount in all waves. Beginning in Wave 6, bracket amounts are asked for welfare, food stamps, and transfer income. From Wave 3 forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value of monthly veteran's benefits, a series of unfolding bracket questions are asked. The bracket amounts are the same across waves. The exception to this is in Wave 3A, where the bracket amounts are based on the last year, rather than the last month. In Waves 1 and 2, no unfolding bracket questions are asked. The income questions in the Wave 2A are very different from other waves. Most distinctive are the "regular income" for respondent and spouse and "other household income". After standard questions about Social Security income, SSI and food stamps, other income is asked about in a general way. If other income is present, respondents are asked to specify the source of income. In other waves, most income types are asked specifically (eg, Do you receive veteran's benefits?). In Wave 2A, financial respondents are asked the following questions about their own income then their spouse's: a) Do you receive any (other) regular income payments; for example, from retirement pensions, Veterans Benefits, annuities, payments from an IRA account, or anything like that? b) Please think about the largest (other) regular income you receive.

What type of income is that?

[IWER: PROBE WITH CATEGORIES ONLY IF R NEEDS HELP] 1.VETERANS BENEFITS 2.RETIREMENT OR OTHER PENSIONS 3.ANNUITY 4.IRA DISTRIBUTION 5.STOCKS AND BONDS 7.OTHER 8.DK 9.RF This set of questions is repeated twice so that respondents can report up to 3 current other regular incomes. Then they are asked: a) Did you receive any other regular income in [last calendar year] that you no longer receive? b) What type of income was that? (Same categories as above) So there are a total of 4 other regular incomes that can be reported. Categories may be specified more than once, and there are up to 2 different instances of veterans benefits. Besides pensions and annuities, other waves allow only one reported amount for most income categories, so that a respondent would give a total of all veterans benefits income received. If income is received, subsequent questions serve to identify the date of receipt (was income received in last calendar year?) and amount received. There are no unfolding brackets for income in Wave 2A.

Section D: Income

687

For AHEAD respondents in Wave 2A, the income components corresponding to imputation flags R2FVET, S2FVET, R2FWELF, and S2FWELF are not available. For HRS respondents in Wave 2H, the income components corresponding to imputation flags R2FVET1, S2FVET1, R2FVET2, and S2FVET2 are not available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V15701 V15702 V15704 V15709 V15901 V15903 V16211 V16212 V5701 V5702 V5704 V5705 V5709 V5710 V5901 V5903 V6211 V6212 V6213 AHEAD 1993: B1430 B1432 B1442 B1443 B1444 B1450 B1451 B1452 B1456 B1457 B1458 B1459 B1460 B1462 B1463 B1473 B1475 B1476 B1477 B1478 B1479 B1480 B1481 B1482 B1491 B1492 B1493 B1494 B1495 B1496 B1497 B1498 B1499 B1508

N18:RECV VETERANS BE:IND N18A:WHO RECVD VET B:IND N20:VET BN:R1 REC91I:IND N20:VET BN:R2 REC91I:IND N36:RECV WELFARE IN :IND N37A:B:C AMT RECDIND:IND N51:RCV FOOD STAMPS :IND N51A:FOOD ST/M AMT I:IND N18:RECV VETERANS BE:IMP N18A:WHO RECVD VET B:IMP N20:VET BN:R1$AMT RE:IMP N20:VET BN:R1PAY PER:IMP N23:VET BN:R2$AMT RE:IMP N23:VET BN:R2PAY PER:IMP N36:RECV WELFARE IN :IMP N37A:B:C: AMT RECVD :IMP N51:RCV FOOD STAMPS :IMP N51A:FD STMP: AMT/M:IMP N51A:FD STMP:PER 2 W:IMP J13. FS: RECEIVE ANY FOOD STAMPS LAST MO J13a. FS: $ LAST MONTH J14a. FS: START MONTH FOOD STAMPS J14b. FS: START YEAR FOOD STAMPS J15. FS: RECEIVE ANY 1992/93 J16. FS: LAST MONTH RECD 1992/3 J16a. FS: LAST YEAR RECD 1992/3 J17. FS: $ LAST MONTH 1992/3 J19. R REG INC: RECEIVE ANY J20-1. R REG INC: TYPE-1 J21-1. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-1 J21b-1. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-1 J21c-1. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-1 J21e-1. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-1 J21f-1. R REG INC: START MONTH-1 J26-1. R REG INC: ANY OTHER-1 J20-2. R REG INC: TYPE-2 J21-2. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-2 J21b-2. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-2 J21c-2. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-2 J21d-2. R REG INC: FED INC TAXED-2 J21e-2. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-2 J21f-2. R REG INC: START MONTH-2 J21g-2. R REG INC: START YEAR-2 J26-2. R REG INC: ANY OTHER-2 J20-3. R REG INC: TYPE-3 J21-3. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-3 J21b-3. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-3 J21c-3. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-3 J21d-3. R REG INC: FED INC TAXED-3 J21e-3. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-3 J21f-3. R REG INC: START MONTH-3 J21g-3. R REG INC: START YEAR-3 J27. R REG INC: ANY END 1992/3

Section D: Income

B1509 B1510 B1511 B1512 B1513 B1514 B1515 B1517 B1518 B1519 B1520 B1521 B1522 B1523 B1524 B1533 B1539 B1540 B1541 B1542 B1543 B1544 B1545 B1546 B1555 B1560 B1561 B1562 B1563 B1564 B1565 B1566 B1567 B1576 B1577 B1578 B1579 B1580 B1581 B1582 HRS 1994: W16056 W16063 W16067 W16282 W16283 W16284 W16285 W6056 W6057 W6063 W6064 W6065 W6067 W6068 W6069 W6282 W6283 W6284 W6285 W6286 W6311 W6312

J27a. R REG INC END1992/3: TYPE J28. R REG INC END 1992/3: PAID PER MO J28a. R REG INC END 1992/3: $ PERIOD J28b.R REG INC END1992/3:$ LAST PERIOD J28c. R REG INC END92/3: LAST MO RECD J28d. R REG INC END92/3: LAST YR RECD J29. SP REG INC: RECEIVE ANY J30-1. SP REG INC: TYPE-1 J31-1. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-1 J31b-1. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-1 J31c-1. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-1 J31d-1. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-1 J31e-1. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-1 J31f-1. SP REG INC: START MONTH-1 J31g-1. SP REG INC: START YEAR-1 J36-1. SP REG INC: ANY OTHER-1 J30-2. SP REG INC: TYPE-2 J31-2. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-2 J31b-2. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-2 J31c-2. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-2 J31d-2. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-2 J31e-2. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-2 J31f-2. SP REG INC: START MONTH-2 J31g-2. SP REG INC: START YEAR-2 J36-2. SP REG INC: ANY OTHER-2 J30-3. SP REG INC: TYPE-3 J31-3. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-3 J31b-3. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-3 J31c-3. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-3 J31d-3. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-3 J31e-3. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-3 J31f-3. SP REG INC: START MONTH-3 J31g-3. SP REG INC: START YEAR-3 J37. SP REG INC: ANY END 92/93 J37a. SP REG INC END 92/93: TYPE J37b. SP REG INC END 92/93: LAST MO RECD J37b. SP REG INC END 92/93: LAST YR RECD J37c. SP REG INC END 92/93: PAID PER MO J37d. SP REG INC END 92/93: $ PERIOD J37e. SP REG INC END 92/93: $ LST PERIOD N19. Imputation flag N19g. Imputation flag N19m. Imputation flag N26. Imputation flag N27. Imputation flag N27a1. Imputation flag N27b1. Imputation flag N19.VETERANS BENEFITS? N19a.WHO RECD VETERANS B N19g.R-AMT VETERANS BENE N19h.R-MONTH START VETER N19h.R-YEAR START VETERA N19m.SP-AMT VETERANS BEN N19n.SP-MONTH START VETE N19n.SP-YEAR START VETER N26.WELFARE? N27.WHO RECEIVED WELFARE N27a1.R-AMT WELFARE 1993 N27b1.SP-AMT WELFARE 199 N27c1.BOTH-AMT WELFARE 1 N32.GOVT FOOD STAMPS SIN N32a.WHICH MONTHS

688

Section D: Income

W6313 W6314 W6327 W6328 W6329 W6330 W6331 W6332 W6333 W6334 W6335 W6336 W6337 W6338 W6352 W6354 W6355 W6356 W6357 AHEAD 1995: D3927 D3929 D3935 D3936 D3937 D3940 D3941 D3942 D3950 D3953 D3954 D3955 D4587 D4595 D4597 HRS 1996: E4036 E4038 E4041 E4042 E4043 E4046B E4051 E4052 E4056 E4059B E4064 E4065 E4588 E4589 E4590 E4591 E4593M16 E4593M17 E4593M18 E4593M19 E4593M20 E4593M21 E4593M22 E4593M23 E4593M24 E4593M25 E4593M26

N32a.START/STOP FOOD STA N32a.START/STOP FOOD STA N32b. Jan 1993 N32b. Feb 1993 N32b. Mar 1993 N32b. Apr 1993 N32b. May 1993 N32b. Jun 1993 N32b. Jul 1993 N32b. Aug 1993 N32b. Sep 1993 N32b. Oct 1993 N32b. Nov 1993 N32b. Dec 1993 N32b. All of 1993 N32b. Other N32b. DK N32b. RF N32c.AMT FOOD STAMPS LAS J12.WHETHER WELFARE 1993 J12B.AMT WELFARE LCY J13.VET BENEFITS J13A.VET WHO REC J13A.R VET BENEFIT OPEN J13D.J13C,DK J13E.J13C,DK-2 J13F.J13C,DK-3 J13N.SP VET BENEFIT OPEN J13Q.DK-1 J13R.J13C,DK-2 J13S.J13C,DK-3 J65.WHETHER FOOD STAMPS 1994 J65E.AMT FOOD STAMPS J65G.AMT FOOD STAMPS LAST MONTH J64.R/S WHETHER WELFARE LCY J66.AMT WELFARE LCY J67.VET BENEFITS J68.VET WHO REC J69.R VET BENEFIT LAST MONTH J69.R VET BENEFIT LAST MONTH/Bkt J70.R VET BENEFIT START YEAR J70A.R VET BENEFIT START MONTH J72.AMT SP VET BEN LAST MO J72.AMT SP VET BEN LAST MO/Bkt J73.SP VET BENEFIT START YEAR J73A.SP VET BENEFIT START MONTH J255.WHETHER FOOD STAMPS 1994 J256.WHICH MONTHS J257.MONTH J258.YEAR J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - JAN 95 J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - FEB 95 J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - MAR 95 J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - APR 95 J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - MAY 95 J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - JUN 95 J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - JUL 95 J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - AUG 95 J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - SEP 95 J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - OCT 95 J259.SPECIFIC MONTH - NOV 95

689

Section D: Income

E4593M27 E4593M28 E4593M29 E4593M30 E4593M31 E4593M32 E4593M33 E4593M34 E4596 E4598 HRS 1998: F4796 F4798 F4801 F4802 F4803 F4806 F4807 F4808 F4811 F4812 F4816 F4819 F4820 F4821 F4824 F4825 F5348 F5349 F5350 F5351 F5353M1 F5353M10 F5353M2 F5353M3 F5353M4 F5353M5 F5353M6 F5353M7 F5353M8 F5353M9 F5356 F5358 HRS 2000: G5239 G5241 G5244 G5247 G5248 G5251 G5252 G5253 G5256 G5257 G5261 G5264 G5265 G5266 G5269 G5270 G5735 G5736 G5737

J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J260.AMT FOOD J262.AMT FOOD

690

MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH STAMPS STAMPS

-

DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL

95 96 96 96 96 96 96 96

LAST MONTH

J64.R/S WHETHER WELFARE LCY J66.AMT WELFARE LCY J67.VET BENEFITS J68.VET WHO REC J69.R VET BENEFIT LAST MONTH J69A.DK-1K J69B.DK-1500 J69C.DK-500 J70.R VET BENEFIT START YEAR J70A.R VET BENEFIT START MONTH J72.AMT SP VET BEN LAST MO J72A.DK-1K J72B.DK-1,500 J72C.DK-500 J73.SP VET BENEFIT START YEAR J73A.SP VET BENEFIT START MONTH J255.WHETHER FOOD STAMPS 1996 J256.WHICH MONTHS J257.MONTH J258.YEAR J259.SPECIFIC MONTHS J259.SPECIFIC MONTHS J259.SPECIFIC MONTHS J259.SPECIFIC MONTHS J259.SPECIFIC MONTHS J259.SPECIFIC MONTHS J259.SPECIFIC MONTHS J259.SPECIFIC MONTHS J259.SPECIFIC MONTHS J259.SPECIFIC MONTHS J260.AMT FOOD STAMPS J262.AMT FOOD STAMPS LAST MONTH J64.R/S WHETHER WELFARE LCY J66.AMT WELFARE LCY J67.VET BENEFITS J68.VET WHO REC J69.R VET BENEFIT LAST MONTH J69A.DK-1K J69B.DK-1500 J69C.DK-500 J70.R VET BENEFIT START YEAR J70A.R VET BENEFIT START MONTH J72.AMT SP VET BEN LAST MO J72A.DK-1K J72B.DK-1500 J72C.DK-500 J73.SP VET BENEFIT START YEAR J73A.SP VET BENEFIT START MONTH J255. FOOD STAMPS SINCE LAST IW J256.WHICH MONTHS J257.MONTH

Section D: Income

G5738 G5740M1 G5740M10 G5740M2 G5740M3 G5740M4 G5740M5 G5740M6 G5740M7 G5740M8 G5740M9 G5743 G5745 HRS 2002: HQ113 HQ115 HQ119 HQ120 HQ121 HQ122 HQ123 HQ124 HQ125 HQ126 HQ127 HQ128 HQ129 HQ130 HQ131 HQ132 HQ400 HQ401 HQ402 HQ403 HQ404M01 HQ404M02 HQ404M03 HQ404M04 HQ404M05 HQ404M06 HQ404M07 HQ404M08 HQ404M09 HQ404M10 HQ404M11 HQ404M12 HQ404M13 HQ404M14 HQ404M15 HQ404M16 HQ404M17 HQ404M18 HQ404M19 HQ404M20 HQ404M21 HQ404M22 HQ404M23 HQ404M24 HQ404M25 HQ404M26 HQ406 HQ410 HRS 2004:

J258.YEAR J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J259.SPECIFIC J260.AMT FOOD J262.AMT FOOD

691

MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS STAMPS STAMPS LAST MONTH

R OR SP INCOME FR WELFARE NOT SSI - LCY AMOUNT FROM WELFARE LCY R OR SP INC FR VETERAN BEN MILITARY PENS WHO RECEIVES VET BEN MILITARY PENSION R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - LAST MONTH R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MIN R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MAX R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - RESULT R YEAR STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - LAST MONTH SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MIN SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MAX SP AMT VETERAN BENEFITS - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS HH FOOD STAMPS SINCE LAST IW WHICH MONTHS HH FOOD STAMPS MONTH HH STARTED RECEIVING FOOD STAMPS YEAR HH STARTED RECEIVING FOOD STAMPS SPECIFIC MONTH -1 SPECIFIC MONTH -2 SPECIFIC MONTH -3 SPECIFIC MONTH -4 SPECIFIC MONTH -5 SPECIFIC MONTH -6 SPECIFIC MONTH -7 SPECIFIC MONTH -8 SPECIFIC MONTH -9 SPECIFIC MONTH -10 SPECIFIC MONTH -11 SPECIFIC MONTH -12 SPECIFIC MONTH -13 SPECIFIC MONTH -14 SPECIFIC MONTH -15 SPECIFIC MONTH -16 SPECIFIC MONTH -17 SPECIFIC MONTH -18 SPECIFIC MONTH -19 SPECIFIC MONTH -20 SPECIFIC MONTH -21 SPECIFIC MONTH -22 SPECIFIC MONTH -23 SPECIFIC MONTH -24 SPECIFIC MONTH -25 SPECIFIC MONTH -26 AMT FOOD STAMPS HH RECD - LAST MONTH AMT FOOD STAMPS HH CURR REC - LAST MONTH

Section D: Income

JQ113 JQ115 JQ119 JQ120 JQ121 JQ122 JQ123 JQ124 JQ125 JQ126 JQ127 JQ128 JQ129 JQ130 JQ131 JQ132 JQ400 JQ401 JQ402 JQ403 JQ404M1 JQ404M10 JQ404M11 JQ404M12 JQ404M13 JQ404M14 JQ404M15 JQ404M16 JQ404M17 JQ404M18 JQ404M19 JQ404M2 JQ404M20 JQ404M21 JQ404M22 JQ404M23 JQ404M24 JQ404M25 JQ404M26 JQ404M27 JQ404M28 JQ404M29 JQ404M3 JQ404M30 JQ404M31 JQ404M32 JQ404M4 JQ404M5 JQ404M6 JQ404M7 JQ404M8 JQ404M9 JQ406 JQ410 HRS 2006: KQ113 KQ115 KQ119 KQ120 KQ121 KQ122 KQ123 KQ124

R OR SP INCOME FR WELFARE NOT SSI - LCY AMOUNT FROM WELFARE LCY R OR SP INC FR VETERAN BEN MILITARY PENS WHO RECEIVES VET BEN MILITARY PENSION R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - LAST MONTH R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MIN R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MAX R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - RESULT R YEAR STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - LAST MONTH SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MIN SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MAX SP AMT VETERAN BENEFITS - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS HH FOOD STAMPS SINCE LAST IW WHICH MONTHS HH FOOD STAMPS MONTH HH STARTED RECEIVING FOOD STAMPS YEAR HH STARTED RECEIVING FOOD STAMPS FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -1 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -10 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -11 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -12 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -13 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -14 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -15 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -16 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -17 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -18 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -19 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -2 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -20 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -21 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -22 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -23 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -24 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -25 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -26 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -27 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -28 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -29 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -3 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -30 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -31 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -32 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -4 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -5 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -6 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -7 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -8 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -9 AMT FOOD STAMPS HH RECD - LAST MONTH AMT FOOD STAMPS HH CURR REC - LAST MONTH R OR SP INCOME FR WELFARE NOT SSI - LCY AMOUNT FROM WELFARE LCY R OR SP INC FR VETERAN BEN MILITARY PENS WHO RECEIVES VET BEN MILITARY PENSION R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - LAST MONTH R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MIN R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MAX R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - RESULT

692

Section D: Income

KQ125 KQ126 KQ127 KQ128 KQ129 KQ130 KQ131 KQ132 KQ400 KQ401 KQ402 KQ403 KQ404M1 KQ404M10 KQ404M11 KQ404M12 KQ404M13 KQ404M14 KQ404M15 KQ404M16 KQ404M17 KQ404M18 KQ404M19 KQ404M2 KQ404M20 KQ404M21 KQ404M22 KQ404M3 KQ404M4 KQ404M5 KQ404M6 KQ404M7 KQ404M8 KQ404M9 KQ406 KQ410 HRS 2008: LQ113 LQ115 LQ119 LQ120 LQ121 LQ122 LQ123 LQ124 LQ125 LQ126 LQ127 LQ128 LQ129 LQ130 LQ131 LQ132 LQ400 LQ401 LQ402 LQ403 LQ404M1 LQ404M10 LQ404M11 LQ404M12 LQ404M13 LQ404M14

R YEAR STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - LAST MONTH SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MIN SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MAX SP AMT VETERAN BENEFITS - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS HH FOOD STAMPS SINCE LAST IW WHICH MONTHS HH FOOD STAMPS MONTH HH STARTED RECEIVING FOOD STAMPS YEAR HH STARTED RECEIVING FOOD STAMPS FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -1 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -10 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -11 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -12 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -13 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -14 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -15 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -16 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -17 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -18 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -19 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -2 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -20 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -21 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -22 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -3 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -4 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -5 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -6 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -7 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -8 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -9 AMT FOOD STAMPS HH RECD - LAST MONTH AMT FOOD STAMPS HH CURR REC - LAST MONTH R OR SP INCOME FR WELFARE NOT SSI - LCY AMOUNT FROM WELFARE LCY R OR SP INC FR VETERAN BEN MILITARY PENS WHO RECEIVES VET BEN MILITARY PENSION R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - LAST MONTH R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MIN R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MAX R AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - RESULT R YEAR STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - LAST MONTH SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MIN SP AMT FR VETERAN BENEFITS - MAX SP AMT VETERAN BENEFITS - RESULT SP YEAR STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED VETERAN BENEFITS HH FOOD STAMPS SINCE LAST IW WHICH MONTHS HH FOOD STAMPS MONTH HH STARTED RECEIVING FOOD STAMPS YEAR HH STARTED RECEIVING FOOD STAMPS FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -1 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -10 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -11 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -12 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -13 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -14

693

Section D: Income

LQ404M15 LQ404M16 LQ404M17 LQ404M18 LQ404M19 LQ404M2 LQ404M20 LQ404M21 LQ404M3 LQ404M4 LQ404M5 LQ404M6 LQ404M7 LQ404M8 LQ404M9 LQ406 LQ410 Tracker: AFINR BFINR CFINR DFINR EFINR FFINR GFINR HFINR JFINR KFINR LFINR

694

FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -15 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -16 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -17 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -18 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -19 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -2 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -20 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -21 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -3 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -4 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -5 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -6 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -7 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -8 FOOD STAMPS-MONTH -9 AMT FOOD STAMPS HH RECD - LAST MONTH AMT FOOD STAMPS HH CURR REC - LAST MONTH 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER

FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL

RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT

Section D: Income

695

All other household income Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1IOTHR H2IOTHR H3IOTHR H4IOTHR H5IOTHR H6IOTHR H7IOTHR H8IOTHR H9IOTHR

H1IOTHR:W1 H2IOTHR:W2 H3IOTHR:W3 H4IOTHR:W4 H5IOTHR:W5 H6IOTHR:W6 H7IOTHR:W7 H8IOTHR:W8 H9IOTHR:W9

Income:Other Income:Other Income:Other Income:Other Income:Other Income:Other Income:Other Income:Other Income:Other

Household Household Household Household Household Household Household Household Household

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1IFOTHR H2IFOTHR H3IFOTHR H4IFOTHR H5IFOTHR H6IFOTHR H7IFOTHR H8IFOTHR H9IFOTHR

H1IFOTHR:W1 H2IFOTHR:W2 H3IFOTHR:W3 H4IFOTHR:W4 H5IFOTHR:W5 H6IFOTHR:W6 H7IFOTHR:W7 H8IFOTHR:W8 H9IFOTHR:W9

IncFlag:Other IncFlag:Other IncFlag:Other IncFlag:Other IncFlag:Other IncFlag:Other IncFlag:Other IncFlag:Other IncFlag:Other

1 2 3 4 5 6

H1FALMNY H2FALMNY H3FALMNY H4FALMNY H5FALMNY H6FALMNY

H1FALMNY:W1 H2FALMNY:W2 H3FALMNY:W3 H4FALMNY:W4 H5FALMNY:W5 H6FALMNY:W6

ImpFlag-Alimony ImpFlag-Alimony ImpFlag-Alimony ImpFlag-Alimony ImpFlag-Alimony ImpFlag-Alimony

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

H1FINSLU

H1FINSLU:W1 ImpFlag-Insurance Lump Sum

Categ

1

H1FPENLU

H1FPENLU:W1 ImpFlag-Pension Lump Sum

Categ

1

H1FINHLU

H1FINHLU:W1 ImpFlag-Inheritance Lump Sum

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2FLUYR1 H3FLUYR1 H4FLUYR1 H5FLUYR1 H6FLUYR1 H7FLUYR1 H8FLUYR1 H9FLUYR1

H2FLUYR1:W2 H3FLUYR1:W3 H4FLUYR1:W4 H5FLUYR1:W5 H6FLUYR1:W6 H7FLUYR1:W7 H8FLUYR1:W8 H9FLUYR1:W9

ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump

Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum

LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2FLUYR2 H3FLUYR2 H4FLUYR2 H5FLUYR2 H6FLUYR2 H7FLUYR2 H8FLUYR2 H9FLUYR2

H2FLUYR2:W2 H3FLUYR2:W3 H4FLUYR2:W4 H5FLUYR2:W5 H6FLUYR2:W6 H7FLUYR2:W7 H8FLUYR2:W8 H9FLUYR2:W9

ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump

Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum

LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Household Household Household Household Household Household Household Household Household

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section D: Income

696

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2FLUYR3 H3FLUYR3 H4FLUYR3 H5FLUYR3 H6FLUYR3 H7FLUYR3 H8FLUYR3 H9FLUYR3

H2FLUYR3:W2 H3FLUYR3:W3 H4FLUYR3:W4 H5FLUYR3:W5 H6FLUYR3:W6 H7FLUYR3:W7 H8FLUYR3:W8 H9FLUYR3:W9

ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump ImpFlag-Lump

Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum Sum

1

H1FOTHIN

H1FOTHIN:W1 ImpFlag-Other HH Inc

Categ

2

R2FOTH1

R2FOTH1:W2 ImpFlag-Other #1 Inc

Categ

2

S2FOTH1

S2FOTH1:W2 ImpFlag-Other #1 Inc

Categ

2

R2FOTH2

R2FOTH2:W2 ImpFlag-Other #2 Inc

Categ

2

S2FOTH2

S2FOTH2:W2 ImpFlag-Other #2 Inc

Categ

2

R2FOTH3

R2FOTH3:W2 ImpFlag-Other #3 Inc

Categ

2

S2FOTH3

S2FOTH3:W2 ImpFlag-Other #3 Inc

Categ

2

H2FOTHI1

H2FOTHI1:W2 ImpFlag-Other HH Inc #1

Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H2FOTHI2 H3FOTHI2 H4FOTHI2 H5FOTHI2 H6FOTHI2 H7FOTHI2 H8FOTHI2 H9FOTHI2

H2FOTHI2:W2 H3FOTHI2:W3 H4FOTHI2:W4 H5FOTHI2:W5 H6FOTHI2:W6 H7FOTHI2:W7 H8FOTHI2:W8 H9FOTHI2:W9

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other ImpFlag-Other

HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH

LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

#3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1IOTHR H2IOTHR H3IOTHR H4IOTHR H5IOTHR H6IOTHR H7IOTHR H8IOTHR H9IOTHR

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1963.840 2014.662 1341.271 2039.526 3111.650 2034.467 2761.455 3213.076 2149.723

17278.443 18076.872 12997.991 21254.035 56382.181 24150.491 28273.541 58815.511 19628.999

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

950000.000 1035000.000 700000.000 1000000.000 5000000.000 1200000.000 1000000.000 5024500.000 700000.000

H1IFOTHR H2IFOTHR H3IFOTHR H4IFOTHR H5IFOTHR H6IFOTHR H7IFOTHR H8IFOTHR H9IFOTHR

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

0.191 0.210 0.162 0.205 0.170 0.120 0.145 0.129 0.139

0.855 0.851 0.819 0.955 0.826 0.571 0.697 0.635 0.691

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H1FALMNY

12652

5.953

0.668

1.000

9.000

Section D: Income

697

H2FALMNY H3FALMNY H4FALMNY H5FALMNY H6FALMNY

11420 17991 21384 19579 18167

5.976 5.982 5.993 5.991 5.980

0.620 0.518 0.545 0.485 0.443

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H1FINSLU

12652

5.911

0.802

1.000

9.000

H1FPENLU

12652

5.946

0.688

1.000

9.000

H1FINHLU

12652

5.926

0.753

1.000

9.000

H2FLUYR1 H3FLUYR1 H4FLUYR1 H5FLUYR1 H6FLUYR1 H7FLUYR1 H8FLUYR1 H9FLUYR1

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

5.862 5.887 5.919 5.887 5.913 5.888 5.880 5.902

0.943 0.866 0.831 0.868 0.727 0.821 0.833 0.797

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H2FLUYR2 H3FLUYR2 H4FLUYR2 H5FLUYR2 H6FLUYR2 H7FLUYR2 H8FLUYR2 H9FLUYR2

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.017 6.015 6.021 6.010 6.004 6.003 6.005 6.006

0.360 0.312 0.366 0.343 0.198 0.307 0.240 0.277

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H2FLUYR3 H3FLUYR3 H4FLUYR3 H5FLUYR3 H6FLUYR3 H7FLUYR3 H8FLUYR3 H9FLUYR3

19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.026 6.021 6.027 6.021 6.008 6.012 6.010 6.012

0.283 0.253 0.309 0.250 0.149 0.211 0.184 0.215

1.000 1.000 1.000 6.000 6.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H1FOTHIN

12652

5.931

0.742

1.000

9.000

R2FOTH1

8222

5.783

1.096

1.000

9.000

S2FOTH1

8222

6.800

1.316

1.000

9.000

R2FOTH2

8222

5.994

0.372

1.000

9.000

S2FOTH2

8222

6.895

1.028

1.000

9.000

R2FOTH3

8222

6.014

0.200

1.000

9.000

S2FOTH3

8222

6.906

0.993

1.000

9.000

H2FOTHI1

11420

5.877

0.927

1.000

9.000

H2FOTHI2 H3FOTHI2 H4FOTHI2 H5FOTHI2 H6FOTHI2 H7FOTHI2 H8FOTHI2 H9FOTHI2

11420 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

6.031 5.846 5.841 5.830 5.843 5.818 5.825 5.839

0.325 0.962 1.017 1.008 0.925 1.010 0.978 0.952

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

Section D: Income

698

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|H1IFOTHR H2IFOTHR H3IFOTHR H4IFOTHR H5IFOTHR H6IFOTHR H7IFOTHR H8IFOTHR H9IFOTHR 0.no income | 11232 17254 16371 19207 17710 16720 18376 16951 15808 1.no imputations | 1093 1593 1210 1409 1369 1023 1220 1107 953 2.some imputation | 232 661 284 561 363 379 444 346 381 9.no Fin Resp | 95 134 126 207 137 45 89 65 75 Value-------------------------|H1FALMNY H2FALMNY H3FALMNY H4FALMNY H5FALMNY H6FALMNY .Q=Not asked this wv | 8222 1.continuous value | 189 130 146 174 130 117 2.complete bracket | 7 5.no value/bracket | 13 10 13 16 24 7 6.no income | 12276 11141 17664 20865 19197 17863 7.DK if income | 79 15 42 122 91 128 9.no Fin Resp | 95 124 126 207 137 45 Value-------------------------|H1FINSLU 1.continuous value | 291 5.no value/bracket | 32 6.no income | 12161 7.DK if income | 73 9.no Fin Resp | 95 Value-------------------------|H1FPENLU 1.continuous value | 203 5.no value/bracket | 25 6.no income | 12261 7.DK if income | 68 9.no Fin Resp | 95 Value-------------------------|H1FINHLU 1.continuous value | 251 5.no value/bracket | 40 6.no income | 12192 7.DK if income | 74 9.no Fin Resp | 95 Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FLUYR1 H3FLUYR1 H4FLUYR1 H5FLUYR1 H6FLUYR1 H7FLUYR1 H8FLUYR1 H9FLUYR1 629 470 469 520 354 481 470 396 40 42 64 37 18 51 35 20 36 26 31 35 26 44 43 33 18578 17187 20335 18698 17564 19327 17728 16508 225 140 278 152 160 137 128 185 134 126 207 137 45 89 65 75

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FLUYR2 H3FLUYR2 H4FLUYR2 H5FLUYR2 H6FLUYR2 H7FLUYR2 H8FLUYR2 H9FLUYR2 45 24 39 43 12 41 19 24 3 1 4 2 7 1 3 1 2 19293 17833 21107 19397 18106 19984 18384 17104 167 7 24 1 4 8 10 134 126 207 137 45 89 65 75

Value-------------------------| 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FLUYR3 H3FLUYR3 H4FLUYR3 H5FLUYR3 H6FLUYR3 H7FLUYR3 H8FLUYR3 H9FLUYR3 9 1 7 4 1 5 1 1 2 1 19344 17864 21162 19442 18120 20034 18401 17137 155 5 2 2 134 126 207 137 45 89 65 75

Value-------------------------|H1FOTHIN 1.continuous value | 242 5.no value/bracket | 28 6.no income | 12204 7.DK if income | 83 9.no Fin Resp | 95

Section D: Income

699

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FOTH1 11420 394 78 7505 235 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FOTH1 9123 2297 183 29 4166 167 3673 4

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FOTH2 11420 37 6 8054 115 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FOTH2 9123 2297 18 3 4428 96 3673 4

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

R2FOTH3 11420 5 1 8092 114 10

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | .U=Unmar | 1.continuous value | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 8.No spouse/partner | 9.no Fin Resp |

S2FOTH3 9123 2297 1 4448 96 3673 4

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FOTHI1 8222 352 46 10874 24 124

Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 1.continuous value | 2.complete bracket | 3.incomplete bracket | 5.no value/bracket | 6.no income | 7.DK if income | 9.no Fin Resp |

H2FOTHI2 H3FOTHI2 H4FOTHI2 H5FOTHI2 H6FOTHI2 H7FOTHI2 H8FOTHI2 H9FOTHI2 8222 4 634 821 762 586 779 678 580 45 41 31 41 3 3 2 7 41 92 56 27 42 35 28 11290 17126 20084 18494 17300 18996 17523 16362 2 64 180 130 161 179 135 124 124 126 207 137 45 89 65 75

Section D: Income

700

General Comments: Income measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD income component is missing it is imputed using the method described in the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in whether unfolding brackets are used to determine a range of income when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. The order in which income questions are asked also changes across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" section earlier in this document. Generally, Wave 1 questions ask about 1991 income, Wave 2H asks about 1993 income, and Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, about income last calendar year, based on the Financial Respondent's interview year. In Waves 2A, 3H, 4, and 5 forward not all interviews are completely conducted in the same year. The HRS and AHEAD income components are summed to create the income measures requested for these files. For each derived income measure a flag indicates whether any or all of its components were imputed. Also included are flags for each HRS and AHEAD income component that indicate the level of imputation used for the individual component. HRS and AHEAD income measures are reported at the household level. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The respondent income measures on this file are those of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the spouse income measures are those of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse income is assigned as the respondent income and the FinR-reported respondent income is assigned as the spouse income.

How Constructed: HwIOTHR sums alimony, other income, and lump sums from insurance, pension, and inheritance. HwIFOTHR is a flag that indicates whether any components are imputed. A '1.continuous value' indicates that the respondent reports actual values and no imputed values are included in the sum. In Wave 1, lump sum income from pensions, insurance, and inheritance are available. Beginning in Wave 2, the questions about lump sum income are generic, but the type and the year in which the lump sum was received are also asked. Only amounts reported as being received from insurance, pension, and inheritance in the last calendar year are included here. In Waves 1 and 2A, income from friends and family are reported. In later waves income from friends and family is specifically excluded in question wording about other income. For consistency, income from friends and family are NOT included in this income measure. From Wave 7 forward, income from alimony (or child support payments) was not asked about. Therefore, this type of income is not included amongst the components that are used to derive other household income. The HwFvar flags indicate whether the components are imputed, and if so, how much information is available for the imputation to use. Because of the differences in the way income information was collected for the HRS and AHEAD samples in wave 2, the income component imputation flags that apply vary, depending on the entry cohort of the respondent. For AHEAD entry cohort respondents, H2FOTHI1 and H2FOTHI2 are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Wave 2A. For HRS entry cohort respondents, R2FOTH1, R2FOTH2, R2FOTH3, S2FOTH1, S2FOTH2, and, S2FOTH3 are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income components are not available in Wave 2H.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data

Section D: Income

701

The way the some of the income component questions are asked varies across waves. The questions on alimony remain the same across waves, but the questions about lump sum income and other household income change. In Wave 1, questions in the income section ask three separate questions, one for each type of lump sum: Did you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] receive a lump sum of money in 1991 from [pensions, insurance, inheritance]? In Wave 2 the lump sum income questions are asked in the assets section of the questionnaire: People sometimes receive property or lump sum payments of money from such things as pension settlements, insurance settlements, cashing in annuities, or inheritances. In the past two years did you [or your (husband/wife/partner)] receive a lump sum of money or property worth $500 or more that you have not already told me about? Do not include loans or gifts. The Wave 3 question wording is similar to that in Wave 2H. Instead of "the past two years", the wording is "since [previous interview month]" if the respondent has a previous interview. Also the words "worth $500" are dropped. Beginning in Wave 4 the question wording is: People sometimes receive large amounts of property or money in the form of an inheritance, a trust fund, an insurance settlement, and so on. Have you [or your spouse/partner] [ever/since last interview] received money or property in the form of an inheritance, a trust fund, or an insurance settlement? Note that the word "large" is included and the reference period is "ever" if this is the respondent's first interview. A note to the interviewer indicates that "large" means $10,000 or more. From Wave 2 forward, the type of payment and month received are asked and questions about any other lump sum, one or two more times. The amount question asks about the largest or next largest lump sum. Thus the amounts of the three largest lump sums are available. Other household income is derived from questions about any other income not asked about specifically. In Waves 1 and 2A, there is also a question about income from friends and family. In later waves income from friends and family is specifically excluded in question wording about other income. The question wording for other income varies across waves.

In Wave 1, the question asks:

Any other income from sources other than Social Security, which I'll ask about next? In Wave 2H two questions ask about other income: (Other than income you have already told me about, did you [and your (husband/wife/partner)] receive any other income in 1993, for example, from private disability insurance payments, consulting fees, odd jobs, and so forth? [DO NOT INCLUDE FINANCIAL SUPPORT FROM RELATIVES OR FRIENDS.] Are there any others? In Wave 3H forward, only one question about other income is asked and the wording is similar to that in the first question in Wave 2H, except that "rent from your home or second home" is added to the list of examples. In Wave 3A, the question wording is also similar to that in the first question in Wave 2H, except that "consulting fees" is removed from the list of examples. Beginning in Wave 4, the question that actually asks for the amount received adds the words "before taxes and other deductions". No unfolding bracket questions are asked for alimony and other income in any wave, except for Wave 6. From Wave 2 forward, if the respondent refuses or doesn't know the value of a lump sum, a

Section D: Income

702

follow-up question asks if the amount is more than $50,000 ($30,000 in Wave 2A). follow-up question is asked.

In Wave 1, no

The income questions in the Wave 2A are very different from other waves. Most distinctive are the "regular income" for respondent and spouse and "other household income". After standard questions about Social Security income, SSI and food stamps, other income is asked about in a general way. If other income is present, respondents are asked to specify the source of income. In other waves, most income types are asked specifically (e.g., Do you receive any other income?). In Wave 2A, financial respondents are asked the following questions about their own income then their spouse's: a) Do you receive any (other) regular income payments; for example, from retirement pensions, Veterans Benefits, annuities, payments from an IRA account, or anything like that? b) Please think about the largest (other) regular income you receive.

What type of income is that?

[IWER: PROBE WITH CATEGORIES ONLY IF R NEEDS HELP] 1.VETERANS BENEFITS 2.RETIREMENT OR OTHER PENSIONS 3.ANNUITY 4.IRA DISTRIBUTION 5.STOCKS AND BONDS 7.OTHER 8.DK 9.RF This set of questions is repeated twice so that respondents can report up to 3 current other regular incomes. Then they are asked: a) Did you receive any other regular income in [last calendar year] that you no longer receive? b) What type of income was that? (Same categories as above) So there are a total of 4 other regular incomes that can be reported. Categories may be specified more than once, and there are up to 3 different instances of "other" income. If income is received, subsequent questions serve to identify the date of receipt (was income received in last calendar year?) and amount received. There are no unfolding brackets for income in Wave 2A. From Wave 7 forward, income from alimony (or child support payments) was not asked about. Therefore, any components related to this type of income are not available. For AHEAD respondents in Wave 2A, the income components corresponding to imputation flags H2FOTHI1 and H2FOTHI2 are not available. For HRS respondents in Wave 2H, the income components corresponding to imputation flags R2FOTH1, R2FOTH2, R2FOTH3, S2FOTH1, S2FOTH2, and, S2FOTH3 are not available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992:

Section D: Income

V15914 V15915 V15923 V15924 V16201 V16202 V16203 V16204 V16205 V16206 V5914 V5915 V5923 V5924 V5926 V6201 V6202 V6203 V6204 V6205 V6206 AHEAD 1993: B1456 B1457 B1458 B1459 B1460 B1462 B1463 B1473 B1475 B1476 B1477 B1478 B1479 B1480 B1481 B1482 B1491 B1492 B1493 B1494 B1495 B1496 B1497 B1498 B1499 B1508 B1509 B1510 B1511 B1512 B1513 B1514 B1515 B1517 B1518 B1519 B1520 B1521 B1522 B1523 B1524

N38E:OTHR N39E:OTHR N38G:OTHR N39G:OTHR N48a:RCV N48A:REC N48b:RCV N48AB:REC N48c:RCV N48AC:REC N38E:OTHR N39E:OTHR N38G:OTHR N39G:OTHR N39G:OTHR N48a:RCV N48Aa:RCV N48b:RCV N48Ab:RCV N48c:RCV N48Ac:RCV

703

INCME:ALIM:IND INCME AMT :IND INCME:NOT :IND INCM1 AMT :IND 91:INSUR :IND 91: AMT :IND 91:PENS S:IND 91: AMT:IND 91:INHERI:IND 91: AMT:IND INCME:ALIM:IMP INCME: AM:IMP INCME:NOT :IMP INCME:1: :IMP INCME:2: :IMP 91:INSUR :IMP 91: AMT:IMP 91:PENS S:IMP 91: AMT:IMP 91:INHERI:IMP 91: AMT:IMP

J19. R REG INC: RECEIVE ANY J20-1. R REG INC: TYPE-1 J21-1. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-1 J21b-1. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-1 J21c-1. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-1 J21e-1. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-1 J21f-1. R REG INC: START MONTH-1 J26-1. R REG INC: ANY OTHER-1 J20-2. R REG INC: TYPE-2 J21-2. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-2 J21b-2. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-2 J21c-2. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-2 J21d-2. R REG INC: FED INC TAXED-2 J21e-2. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-2 J21f-2. R REG INC: START MONTH-2 J21g-2. R REG INC: START YEAR-2 J26-2. R REG INC: ANY OTHER-2 J20-3. R REG INC: TYPE-3 J21-3. R REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-3 J21b-3. R REG INC: $ PERIOD-3 J21c-3. R REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-3 J21d-3. R REG INC: FED INC TAXED-3 J21e-3. R REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-3 J21f-3. R REG INC: START MONTH-3 J21g-3. R REG INC: START YEAR-3 J27. R REG INC: ANY END 1992/3 J27a. R REG INC END1992/3: TYPE J28. R REG INC END 1992/3: PAID PER MO J28a. R REG INC END 1992/3: $ PERIOD J28b.R REG INC END1992/3:$ LAST PERIOD J28c. R REG INC END92/3: LAST MO RECD J28d. R REG INC END92/3: LAST YR RECD J29. SP REG INC: RECEIVE ANY J30-1. SP REG INC: TYPE-1 J31-1. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-1 J31b-1. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-1 J31c-1. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-1 J31d-1. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-1 J31e-1. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-1 J31f-1. SP REG INC: START MONTH-1 J31g-1. SP REG INC: START YEAR-1

Section D: Income

B1533 B1539 B1540 B1541 B1542 B1543 B1544 B1545 B1546 B1555 B1560 B1561 B1562 B1563 B1564 B1565 B1566 B1567 B1576 B1577 B1578 B1579 B1580 B1581 B1582 B1792 B1793 B1794 B1795 B1796 B1798 B1799 B1800 B1801 B1802 B1804 B1805 B1806 B1807 B1808 HRS 1994: W16303 W16304 W16305 W16306 W5565 W5568 W5569 W5570 W5572 W5575 W5576 W5577 W5579 W5582 W5583 W5584 W6303 W6304 W6305 W6306 W6307 W6308

J36-1. SP REG INC: ANY OTHER-1 J30-2. SP REG INC: TYPE-2 J31-2. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-2 J31b-2. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-2 J31c-2. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-2 J31d-2. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-2 J31e-2. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-2 J31f-2. SP REG INC: START MONTH-2 J31g-2. SP REG INC: START YEAR-2 J36-2. SP REG INC: ANY OTHER-2 J30-3. SP REG INC: TYPE-3 J31-3. SP REG INC: PAID PER MONTH-3 J31b-3. SP REG INC: $ PERIOD-3 J31c-3. SP REG INC: $ LAST PERIOD-3 J31d-3. SP REG INC: FED INC TAXED-3 J31e-3. SP REG INC: START >2YRS AGO-3 J31f-3. SP REG INC: START MONTH-3 J31g-3. SP REG INC: START YEAR-3 J37. SP REG INC: ANY END 92/93 J37a. SP REG INC END 92/93: TYPE J37b. SP REG INC END 92/93: LAST MO RECD J37b. SP REG INC END 92/93: LAST YR RECD J37c. SP REG INC END 92/93: PAID PER MO J37d. SP REG INC END 92/93: $ PERIOD J37e. SP REG INC END 92/93: $ LST PERIOD K36. LUMP SUM $500\+: ANY, PAST 2YRS K37. LUMP SUM: TYPE-1 K38. LUMP SUM: PAYMENT MONTH-1 K38a. LUMP SUM: PAYMENT YEAR-1 K39. LUMP SUM: $ RECEIVED-1 K41. LUMP SUM: OTHER IN LAST 2YRS-1 K37. LUMP SUM: TYPE-2 K38. LUMP SUM: PAYMENT MONTH-2 K38a. LUMP SUM: PAYMENT YEAR-2 K39. LUMP SUM: $ RECEIVED-2 K41. LUMP SUM: OTHER IN LAST 2YRS-2 K37. LUMP SUM: TYPE-3 K38. LUMP SUM: PAYMENT MONTH-3 K38a. LUMP SUM: PAYMENT YEAR-3 K39. LUMP SUM: $ RECEIVED-3 N28d. Imputation flag N29d1. Imputation flag N28f. Imputation flag N29f1. Imputation flag K36.RECEIVE LUMP SUM PAY K38a-1.RECEIVE LUMP SUMK39-1.AMOUNT OF LUMP SUM K40-1.>50K K42-1.RECEIVE OTHER LUMP K38a-2.RECEIVE LUMP SUMK39-2.AMOUNT OF LUMP SUM K40-2.>50K K42-3.RECEIVE LUMP SUM-3 K38a-3.RECEIVE LUMP SUMK39-3.AMOUNT OF LUMP SUM K40-3.>50K N28d.ALIMONY/CHILD SUPPO N29d1.AMT ALIMONY/CHILD N28f.OTHER INCOME IN 199 N29f1.AMT OTHER INCOME-1 N29f3.ANY OTHERS? N29f4.AMT OTHER INCOME-2

704

Section D: Income

AHEAD 1995: D4566 D4567 D4573 D4574 D4747 D4750 D4751 D4752 D4754 D4757 D4758 D4759 D4761 D4764 D4765 D4766 HRS 1996: E4567 E4568 E4574 E4575 E4748 E4751 E4752 E4753 E4755 E4758 E4759 E4760 E4763 E4765 E4766 E4767 HRS 1998: F5327 F5328 F5334 F5335 F5508 F5511 F5512 F5513 F5515 F5518 F5519 F5520 F5522 F5525 F5526 F5527 HRS 2000: G5721 G5722 G5728 G5729 G5861 G5864 G5865 G5866 G5868 G5871 G5872

J61.ALIMONY INCOME J61A.AMT ALIMONY $ LCY J62.OTHER SOURCES INCOME J62A. OTHER SOURCES $ 1994 J83. LUMP SUM J85A.DATE LUMP-1 J86-1. LUMP $-1 J87-1.>50K J89.ANY OTHER LUMP SUM-2 J85A-2.LUMP SUM YEAR-2 J86-2. LUMP $-2 J87-2.>50K J43.ANY OTHER LUMP SUM-3 J85A-3.LUMP SUM YEAR-3 J86-3. LUMP $-3 J87-3.>50K J247.ALIMONY INCOME J248.AMT ALIMONY $ LCY J249.OTHER SOURCES INCOME J250.OTHER SOURCES $ 1994 J305.LUMP SUM J308.YEAR LUMP-1 J309.LUMP $-1 J309A.>50K J311. ANY SECOND LUMP SUM J314. SECOND LUMP SUM: YEAR RECEIVED J315.LUMP $-2 J315A.>50K J318.LUMP SUM-3 J320. THIRD LUMP SUM: YEAR RECEIVED J321.LUMP $-3 J321A.>50K J247.ALIMONY INCOME J248.AMT ALIMONY $ LCY J249.OTHER SOURCES INCOME J250.OTHER SOURCES $ 1996 J305.LUMP SUM J308.DATE LUMP-1 J309.LUMP $-1 J309A.>50K J311. J314. J315.LUMP $-2 J315A.>50K J317. J320. J321.LUMP $-3 J321A.>50K J247.ALIMONY INCOME J248.AMT ALIMONY $ LCY J249.OTHER SOURCES INCOME J250.OTHER SOURCES IN LCY J305.ANY LUMP SUM J308.DATE LUMP-1 J309. LUMP SUM RCV-1 J309A.>50K J311.ANY 2ND LUMP SUM J314.2ND LUMP SUM-YR RECIEVED J315. LUMP SUM RCV-2

705

Section D: Income

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

G5873 G5875 G5878 G5879 G5880 2002: HQ390 HQ391 HQ395 HQ396 HQ483_1 HQ483_2 HQ483_3 HQ486_1 HQ486_2 HQ486_3 HQ487_1 HQ487_2 HQ487_3 HQ488_1 HQ488_2 HQ488_3 HQ489_1 HQ489_2 HQ489_3 2004: JQ395 JQ396 JQ483_1 JQ483_2 JQ483_3 JQ486_1 JQ486_2 JQ486_3 JQ487_1 JQ487_2 JQ487_3 JQ488_1 JQ488_2 JQ488_3 JQ489_1 JQ489_2 JQ489_3 2006: KQ395 KQ396 KQ483_1 KQ483_2 KQ483_3 KQ486_1 KQ486_2 KQ486_3 KQ487_1 KQ487_2 KQ487_3 KQ488_1 KQ488_2 KQ488_3 KQ489_1 KQ489_2 KQ489_3 2008: LQ395

J315A.>50K J317.ANY 3RD LUMP SUM J320.3RD LUMP SUM-YR RECIEVED J321. LUMP SUM RCV-3 J321A.>50K ALIMONY CHILD SUPP INCOME ALIMONY CHILD SUPP INCOME AMOUNT - LCY OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME AMOUNT - LCY R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -1 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -2 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -3 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -1 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -2 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -3 OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME AMOUNT - LCY R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -1 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -2 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -3 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -1 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -2 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -3 OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME AMOUNT - LCY R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -1 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -2 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -3 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -1 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -2 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -3 OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME

706

Section D: Income

LQ396 LQ483_1 LQ483_2 LQ483_3 LQ486_1 LQ486_2 LQ486_3 LQ487_1 LQ487_2 LQ487_3 LQ488_1 LQ488_2 LQ488_3 LQ489_1 LQ489_2 LQ489_3

OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME AMOUNT - LCY R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 R OR SP IF LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 MONTH LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -1 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -2 YEAR LUMP SUM RECEIVED -3 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -1 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -2 LUMP SUM AMOUNT RECEIVED -3 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -1 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -2 LUMP SUM AMT - $50K -3

707

Section D: Income

708

Total household income (respondent & spouse) Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1ITOT H2ITOT H3ITOT H4ITOT H5ITOT H6ITOT H7ITOT H8ITOT H9ITOT

H1ITOT:W1 H2ITOT:W2 H3ITOT:W3 H4ITOT:W4 H5ITOT:W5 H6ITOT:W6 H7ITOT:W7 H8ITOT:W8 H9ITOT:W9

Incm: Incm: Incm: Incm: Incm: Incm: Incm: Incm: Incm:

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

2

H2ITOT2

H2ITOT2:W2 Income: Imputed Total HHold

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1IFTOT H2IFTOT H3IFTOT H4IFTOT H5IFTOT H6IFTOT H7IFTOT H8IFTOT H9IFTOT

H1IFTOT:W1 H2IFTOT:W2 H3IFTOT:W3 H4IFTOT:W4 H5IFTOT:W5 H6IFTOT:W6 H7IFTOT:W7 H8IFTOT:W8 H9IFTOT:W9

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2

H2IFTOT2

H2IFTOT2:W2 IncFlag: Imputed Total HHold

IncFlag: IncFlag: IncFlag: IncFlag: IncFlag: IncFlag: IncFlag: IncFlag: IncFlag:

HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold HHold

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

/ / / / / / / / /

R+Sp R+Sp R+Sp R+Sp R+Sp R+Sp R+Sp R+Sp R+Sp

only only only only only only only only only

Household Household Household Household Household Household Household Household Household

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc Inc

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H1ITOT H2ITOT H3ITOT H4ITOT H5ITOT H6ITOT H7ITOT H8ITOT H9ITOT

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

47184.960 42161.733 45440.270 49606.623 52206.568 51921.203 59783.294 64438.722 66653.971

50045.355 75334.711 65916.568 109667.598 99967.993 91172.276 100247.704 316986.949 469133.988

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1300000.000 3224859.695 3069952.879 7903681.000 5539024.000 7395294.000 3532388.000 25360026.000 60014376.000

H2ITOT2

8222

22327.451

26716.630

0.000

700000.000

H1IFTOT H2IFTOT H3IFTOT H4IFTOT H5IFTOT H6IFTOT H7IFTOT H8IFTOT H9IFTOT

12652 19642 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

1.319 1.674 1.737 1.610 1.599 1.595 1.542 1.534 1.518

0.810 0.783 0.773 0.886 0.802 0.604 0.677 0.654 0.685

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 9.000

H2IFTOT2

8222

1.451

0.573

0.000

9.000

Categorical Variable Codes

Section D: Income

Value-------------------------| H1IFTOT 0.no income | 118 1.no imputations | 9049 2.some imputation | 3390 9.no Fin Resp | 95 Value-------------------------| .Q=Not asked this wv | 0.no income | 1.no imputations | 2.some imputation | 9.no Fin Resp |

709

H2IFTOT 138 7057 12314 133

H3IFTOT 96 5429 12340 126

H4IFTOT 89 9595 11494 206

H5IFTOT 105 8594 10743 137

H6IFTOT 90 7444 10596 37

H7IFTOT 127 9469 10462 71

H8IFTOT 88 8821 9504 56

H9IFTOT 102 8534 8517 64

H2IFTOT2 11420 50 4481 3681 10

General Comments: Income measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD income component is missing it is imputed using the method described in the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in whether unfolding brackets are used to determine a range of income when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. The order in which income questions are asked also changes across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" section earlier in this document. Generally, Wave 1 questions ask about 1991 income, Wave 2H asks about 1993 income, and Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, about income last calendar year, based on the Financial Respondent's interview year. In Waves 2A, 3H, 4, and 5 forward not all interviews are completely conducted in the same year. The HRS and AHEAD income components are summed to create the income measures requested for these files. For each derived income measure a flag indicates whether any or all of its components were imputed. Also included are flags for each HRS and AHEAD income component that indicate the level of imputation used for the individual component. HRS and AHEAD income measures are reported at the household level. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The respondent income measures on this file are those of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the spouse income measures are those of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse income is assigned as the respondent income and the FinR-reported respondent income is assigned as the spouse income.

How Constructed: HwITOT is the sum of all income in household, that is, the sum of RwIEARN, SwIEARN, HwICAP, RwIPENA, SwIPENA, RwISSDI, SwISSDI, RwISRET, SwISRET, RwIUNWC, SwIUNWC, RwIGXFR, SwIGXFR, and HwIOTHR. HwIFTOT is a flag that indicates whether any components are imputed. H2ITOT2 is derived from the Wave 2A question which asks how much total income a household received last calendar year. Missing values were imputed from unfolding bracket questions, and H2IFTOT2 flags imputed values. See also the explanations of the individual variables used to calculate HwITOT for possible differences between the HRS and AHEAD samples. For HRS entry cohort respondents, H2ITOT2 and H2IFTOT2 are set to .Q to indicate that the corresponding income information is not available in Wave 2H. It is important to note that total household income does not include income from other household members, only the respondent and spouse.

Section D: Income

710

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data For HRS respondents in Wave 2H, there is no question asking for total household income. information for H2ITOT2 and H2IFTOT2 are not available for these cases in Wave 2.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1994: B1648

J52. TOT FAM INC BEFORE TAX 1992/3

Thus, the

Section D: Income

711

Poverty Threshold Wave Variable

Label

Type

6 7 8 9

H6INPOV H7INPOV H8INPOV H9INPOV

H6INPOV:W6 H7INPOV:W7 H8INPOV:W8 H9INPOV:W9

Whether Whether Whether Whether

in in in in

6 7 8 9

H6INPOVR H7INPOVR H8INPOVR H9INPOVR

H6INPOVR:W6 H7INPOVR:W7 H8INPOVR:W8 H9INPOVR:W9

Ratio Ratio Ratio Ratio

6 7 8 9

H6POVFAM H7POVFAM H8POVFAM H9POVFAM

H6POVFAM:W6 H7POVFAM:W7 H8POVFAM:W8 H9POVFAM:W9

FamType FamType FamType FamType

6 7 8 9

H6POVHHI H7POVHHI H8POVHHI H9POVHHI

H6POVHHI:W6 H7POVHHI:W7 H8POVHHI:W8 H9POVHHI:W9

HH HH HH HH

6 7 8 9

H6POVTHR H7POVTHR H8POVTHR H9POVTHR

H6POVTHR:W6 H7POVTHR:W7 H8POVTHR:W8 H9POVTHR:W9

Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty

Threshold-no Threshold-no Threshold-no Threshold-no

6 7 8 9

H6INPOVA H7INPOVA H8INPOVA H9INPOVA

H6INPOVA:W6 H7INPOVA:W7 H8INPOVA:W8 H9INPOVA:W9

Whether Whether Whether Whether

in in in in

6 7 8 9

H6INPVRA H7INPVRA H8INPVRA H9INPVRA

H6INPVRA:W6 H7INPVRA:W7 H8INPVRA:W8 H9INPVRA:W9

Ratio Ratio Ratio Ratio

6 7 8 9

H6PVFAMA H7PVFAMA H8PVFAMA H9PVFAMA

H6PVFAMA:W6 H7PVFAMA:W7 H8PVFAMA:W8 H9PVFAMA:W9

FamType FamType FamType FamType

6 7 8 9

H6PVHHIA H7PVHHIA H8PVHHIA H9PVHHIA

H6PVHHIA:W6 H7PVHHIA:W7 H8PVHHIA:W8 H9PVHHIA:W9

HH HH HH HH

6 7 8 9

H6PVTHRA H7PVTHRA H8PVTHRA H9PVTHRA

H6PVTHRA:W6 H7PVTHRA:W7 H8PVTHRA:W8 H9PVTHRA:W9

Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty

6

H6NHMLIV

H6NHMLIV:W6 HHold nursing hm status

HH HH HH HH

Inc Inc Inc Inc

inst inst inst inst

Inc:PovThr-no Inc:PovThr-no Inc:PovThr-no Inc:PovThr-no

for for for for

to to to to

HH HH HH HH

inc inc inc inc

Poverty-no Poverty-no Poverty-no Poverty-no

inst inst inst inst

PovThresh-no PovThresh-no PovThresh-no PovThresh-no

chk chk chk chk

Poverty-no Poverty-no Poverty-no Poverty-no

Categ Categ Categ Categ Cont Cont Cont Cont

inst inst inst inst

Categ Categ Categ Categ

inst inst inst inst

Cont Cont Cont Cont

inst inst inst inst

Cont Cont Cont Cont

Poverty-w/inst Poverty-w/inst Poverty-w/inst Poverty-w/inst

Categ Categ Categ Categ

Inc:PovThr-w/inst Inc:PovThr-w/inst Inc:PovThr-w/inst Inc:PovThr-w/inst

Cont Cont Cont Cont

for for for for

to to to to

PovThresh-w/inst PovThresh-w/inst PovThresh-w/inst PovThresh-w/inst

chk chk chk chk

Poverty-w/inst Poverty-w/inst Poverty-w/inst Poverty-w/inst

Threshold-w/inst Threshold-w/inst Threshold-w/inst Threshold-w/inst

Categ Categ Categ Categ Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Categ

Section D: Income

7 8 9

712

H7NHMLIV H8NHMLIV H9NHMLIV

H7NHMLIV:W7 HHold nursing hm status H8NHMLIV:W8 HHold nursing hm status H9NHMLIV:W9 HHold nursing hm status

Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

H6INPOV H7INPOV H8INPOV H9INPOV

17707 19669 18031 16757

0.093 0.095 0.090 0.093

0.290 0.294 0.286 0.290

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

H6INPOVR H7INPOVR H8INPOVR H9INPOVR

17707 19669 18031 16757

4.897 5.243 5.376 5.456

8.875 8.319 23.271 47.269

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

802.615 368.995 1939.136 6035.235

H6POVFAM H7POVFAM H8POVFAM H9POVFAM

17707 19669 18031 16757

219.613 228.800 224.911 220.855

104.645 113.970 110.689 107.862

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

908.000 908.000 908.000 908.000

H6POVHHI H7POVHHI H8POVHHI H9POVHHI

17707 19669 18031 16757

58305.832 66570.346 71535.941 74272.167

93699.891 102838.350 321230.139 475789.400

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

7395294.000 3532388.000 25360026.000 60014376.000

H6POVTHR H7POVTHR H8POVTHR H9POVTHR

17707 19669 18031 16757

11877.786 12685.436 13261.000 13876.501

3466.295 3965.456 4066.610 4211.013

8494.000 8825.000 9367.000 9944.000

39223.000 40948.000 43254.000 45921.000

H6INPOVA H7INPOVA H8INPOVA H9INPOVA

18167 20129 18469 17217

0.097 0.099 0.092 0.097

0.296 0.299 0.289 0.295

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

H6INPVRA H7INPVRA H8INPVRA H9INPVRA

18167 20129 18469 17217

4.828 5.157 5.294 5.358

8.782 8.215 23.002 46.633

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

802.615 368.995 1939.136 6035.235

H6PVFAMA H7PVFAMA H8PVFAMA H9PVFAMA

18167 20129 18469 17217

218.647 228.714 225.162 220.297

104.787 115.042 111.841 109.246

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

908.000 908.000 908.000 908.000

H6PVHHIA H7PVHHIA H8PVHHIA H9PVHHIA

18167 20129 18469 17217

57507.012 65716.179 70690.694 73119.443

92897.181 102037.586 317617.702 469494.338

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

7395294.000 3532388.000 25360026.000 60014376.000

H6PVTHRA H7PVTHRA H8PVTHRA H9PVTHRA

18167 20129 18469 17217

11843.580 12681.355 13268.351 13854.371

3469.661 4006.585 4109.976 4263.912

8494.000 8825.000 9367.000 9944.000

39223.000 40948.000 43254.000 45921.000

H6NHMLIV H7NHMLIV H8NHMLIV H9NHMLIV

18167 20129 18469 17217

0.071 0.064 0.067 0.075

0.440 0.418 0.424 0.451

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Section D: Income

713

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .I: R in nursing home | 0.HH inc above pov thresh | 1.HH inc below pov thresh |

H6INPOV 460 16062 1645

H7INPOV 460 17793 1876

H8INPOV 438 16416 1615

H9INPOV 460 15201 1556

Value-------------------------| .I: All core HH mem in institu| 100: 1 in HH lt 65 | 110: 1 in HH gt 65 | 200: 2 in HH lt 65/0 kids | 201: 2 in HH lt 65/1 kid | 210: 2 in HH gt 65/0 kids | 211: 2 in HH gt 65/1 kid | 300: 3 in HH/0 kids | 301: 3 in HH/1 kids | 302: 3 in HH/2 kids | 400: 4 in HH/0 kids | 401: 4 in HH/1 kids | 402: 4 in HH/2 kids | 403: 4 in HH/3 kids | 500: 5 in HH/0 kids | 501: 5 in HH/1 kids | 502: 5 in HH/2 kids | 503: 5 in HH/3 kids | 504: 5 in HH/4 kids | 600: 6 in HH/0 kids | 601: 6 in HH/1 kids | 602: 6 in HH/2 kids | 603: 6 in HH/3 kids | 604: 6 in HH/4 kids | 605: 6 in HH/5 kids | 700: 7 in HH/0 kids | 701: 7 in HH/1 kids | 702: 7 in HH/2 kids | 703: 7 in HH/3 kids | 704: 7 in HH/4 kids | 705: 7 in HH/5 kids | 706: 7 in HH/6 kids | 801: 8 in HH/1 kids | 802: 8 in HH/2 kids | 803: 8 in HH/3 kids | 804: 8 in HH/4 kids | 805: 8 in HH/5 kids | 806: 8 in HH/6 kids | 900: 9 in HH/0 kids | 901: 9 in HH/1 kids | 902: 9 in HH/2 kids | 903: 9 in HH/3 kids | 904: 9 in HH/4 kids | 905: 9 in HH/5 kids | 906: 9 in HH/6 kids | 907: 9 in HH/7 kids | 908: 9 in HH/8 kids |

H6POVFAM H7POVFAM H8POVFAM H9POVFAM 460 460 438 460 1104 1336 1090 966 2998 2942 3054 3062 3385 3768 2977 2435 289 362 250 182 5471 5659 5751 5819 632 634 646 626 510 789 597 470 1423 1574 1444 1283 307 356 328 321 160 289 216 174 309 385 312 278 394 544 442 357 53 81 90 79 30 79 40 33 101 151 115 85 147 181 166 136 68 113 106 95 19 22 29 23 10 22 19 16 36 33 40 36 61 68 76 85 60 39 55 39 17 22 21 20 1 3 3 5 6 4 5 1 7 22 8 8 28 40 36 32 14 22 26 12 5 13 17 12 3 4 5 1 2 1 6 6 2 5 23 11 8 6 16 14 13 4 12 8 4 4 7 6 7 4 2 2 4 2 2 4 9 3 8 8 10 11 10 6 8 3 3 10 1 1 2 4 4 1 6 5 1 1 1 2 1

Value-------------------------| 0.HH inc above pov thresh | 1.HH inc below pov thresh |

H6INPOVA H7INPOVA H8INPOVA H9INPOVA 16406 18135 16767 15555 1761 1994 1702 1662

Value-------------------------| 100: 1 in HH lt 65 | 110: 1 in HH gt 65 | 200: 2 in HH lt 65/0 kids | 201: 2 in HH lt 65/1 kid | 210: 2 in HH gt 65/0 kids | 211: 2 in HH gt 65/1 kid | 300: 3 in HH/0 kids |

H6PVFAMA H7PVFAMA H8PVFAMA H9PVFAMA 1101 1334 1080 958 3286 3202 3290 3379 3341 3695 2898 2373 288 363 258 188 5570 5750 5827 5902 644 660 672 619 497 765 581 461

Section D: Income

301: 302: 400: 401: 402: 403: 500: 501: 502: 503: 504: 600: 601: 602: 603: 604: 605: 700: 701: 702: 703: 704: 705: 706: 801: 802: 803: 804: 805: 806: 900: 901: 902: 903: 904: 905: 906: 907: 908:

3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in in

HH/1 HH/2 HH/0 HH/1 HH/2 HH/3 HH/0 HH/1 HH/2 HH/3 HH/4 HH/0 HH/1 HH/2 HH/3 HH/4 HH/5 HH/0 HH/1 HH/2 HH/3 HH/4 HH/5 HH/6 HH/1 HH/2 HH/3 HH/4 HH/5 HH/6 HH/0 HH/1 HH/2 HH/3 HH/4 HH/5 HH/6 HH/7 HH/8

kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids kids

714

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Value-------------------------| 0.No one in NHM | 1.One of cpl in NHM | 2.Both of cpl in NHM | 3.Single R, in NHM |

1487 324 158 324 414 53 30 105 151 68 19 10 36 61 60 17 1 6 7 28 14 5 3 1 5 6 4 4 7 2

8 6 10 4 1 1

1620 376 288 418 587 87 79 151 186 127 22 21 37 75 39 22 3 4 23 40 22 13 2 1 4 23 16 12 7 4 4 4 13 10 8 1 4 6 1

1518 350 209 337 482 98 42 115 170 111 30 21 44 80 61 26 3 5 8 37 26 17 5 6 11 12 8

1345 323 163 295 395 82 35 88 137 99 25 14 36 91 44 23 5 1 8 30 13 11 5 2 2 10 14 4 8

2 2

2

3 11 5 1

8 12 3 2

5 2

1 1

H6NHMLIV H7NHMLIV H8NHMLIV H9NHMLIV 17643 19607 17972 16697 128 125 118 121 18 20 26 22 378 377 353 377

General Comments: Income measures are reported in nominal dollars. When an HRS or AHEAD income component is missing it is imputed using the method described in the section titled "Wealth and Income Imputations" earlier in this document. There are differences across waves in whether unfolding brackets are used to determine a range of income when a continuous amount is not given. In addition, the bracket amounts, entry points, and possible responses to the unfolding bracket questions differ across waves. The order in which income questions are asked also changes across waves. These differences are discussed in more detail in the "Wealth and Income Imputations" section earlier in this document. Generally, Wave 1 questions ask about 1991 income, Wave 2H asks about 1993 income, and Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, about income last calendar year, based on the Financial Respondent's interview year. In Waves 2A, 3H, 4, and 5 forward not all interviews are completely conducted in the same year. The HRS and AHEAD income components are summed to create the income measures requested for these files. For each derived income measure a flag indicates whether any or all of its components were imputed. Also included are flags for each HRS and AHEAD income component that indicate the level of imputation used for the individual component.

Section D: Income

715

HRS and AHEAD income measures are reported at the household level. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The respondent income measures on this file are those of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the spouse income measures are those of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse income is assigned as the respondent income and the FinR-reported respondent income is assigned as the spouse income.

How Constructed: The Census definitions for determining poverty status and the methods used to apply them to HRS measures are described in "Determination of Poverty Status for Wave 6+" in the introduction. The poverty status variables are included from Wave 6 forward. The household income from the last calendar year is compared to the U.S. Census poverty thresholds for the year prior to interview wave. For example, for Wave 6 (HRS 2002), it is compared to poverty thresholds from 2001 and for Wave 7 (HRS 2004), it is compared to poverty thresholds from 2003. The family composition is derived using household members reported at the time of the interview. HwINPOV indicates whether household income for the last calendar year is below the poverty threshold, using the U.S. Census definition and poverty thresholds. There are separate income levels for 48 categories of family composition. The number of resident family members, the number under 18 years old, and the age of the household head define family composition. HwPOVFAM provides the family composition used to determine the appropriate income level. HwPOVTHR stores the corresponding Census-given poverty threshold for the appropriate year. HwPOVHHI provides the household income compared to the poverty threshold, and HwINPOVR is the ratio of household income to the poverty threshold. HRS total household income (HwITOT) is adjusted to conform to the Census definition, that is, food stamps are subtracted and the income of other resident family members is added. The Census (CPS-compatible) definition of resident family includes those away with no other residence who are not institutionalized. For compatibility, non-core resident family members who are away in institutions are not counted, and core HRS respondents who reside in nursing homes are excluded. If the HRS respondent lives in a nursing home at the time of the interview then HwINPOV, HwPOVFAM, HwPOVTHR, HwPOVHHI, and HwINPOVR are all set to a special missing value (.I) to indicate that the Census definition of poverty does not apply. If one person in a couple lives in a nursing home, s/he is not counted in determining the family composition, and his/her income is subtracted from the total household income. So HwPOVHHI is equal to the total household income less food stamps plus income of non-core resident family members less earnings, pensions, social security, SSI, and government transfer income of any core HRS nursing home resident. HwNHMLIV summarizes the nursing home residence status of the core HRS household. It is based on RwNHMLIV and SwNHMLIV, documented in the Health section. We provide another set of these variables that uses the same methods but includes institutionalized family members who are part of the household. HRS respondents living in a nursing home and noncore family members away in an institution are counted and their income is included. Using these counts and income, HwINPOVA indicates whether in poverty, HwPVFAMA gives the family composition, HwPVTHRA is the poverty threshold for the family, HwPVHHIA is the total household income, and HwINPVRA is the ratio of household income to the poverty threshold.

HRS Variables Used HRS 2002: HQ431_1 HQ431_10 HQ431_11 HQ431_12 HQ431_13 HQ431_2 HQ431_3 HQ431_4 HQ431_5

HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM

PERSON PERSON PERSON PERSON PERSON PERSON PERSON PERSON PERSON

NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER

-1 -10 -11 -12 -12 -2 -3 -4 -5

Section D: Income

HQ431_6 HQ431_7 HQ431_8 HQ431_9 HQ432_1 HQ432_10 HQ432_11 HQ432_12 HQ432_13 HQ432_2 HQ432_3 HQ432_4 HQ432_5 HQ432_6 HQ432_7 HQ432_8 HQ432_9 HQ433_1 HQ433_10 HQ433_11 HQ433_12 HQ433_13 HQ433_2 HQ433_3 HQ433_4 HQ433_5 HQ433_6 HQ433_7 HQ433_8 HQ433_9 HQ434_1 HQ434_10 HQ434_11 HQ434_12 HQ434_13 HQ434_2 HQ434_3 HQ434_4 HQ434_5 HQ434_6 HQ434_7 HQ434_8 HQ434_9 HQ435_1 HQ435_10 HQ435_11 HQ435_12 HQ435_13 HQ435_2 HQ435_3 HQ435_4 HQ435_5 HQ435_6 HQ435_7 HQ435_8 HQ435_9 HQ436_1 HQ436_10 HQ436_11 HQ436_12 HQ436_13 HQ436_2 HQ436_3

HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM

716

PERSON NUMBER -6 PERSON NUMBER -7 PERSON NUMBER -8 PERSON NUMBER -9 WRKG LCY -1 WRKG LCY -10 WRKG LCY -11 WRKG LCY -12 WRKG LCY -12 WRKG LCY -2 WRKG LCY -3 WRKG LCY -4 WRKG LCY -5 WRKG LCY -6 WRKG LCY -7 WRKG LCY -8 WRKG LCY -9 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -1 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -10 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -11 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -12 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -12 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -2 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -3 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -4 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -5 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -6 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -7 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -8 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -9 EARNED AMT - MIN -1 EARNED AMT - MIN -10 EARNED AMT - MIN -11 EARNED AMT - MIN -12 EARNED AMT - MIN -12 EARNED AMT - MIN -2 EARNED AMT - MIN -3 EARNED AMT - MIN -4 EARNED AMT - MIN -5 EARNED AMT - MIN -6 EARNED AMT - MIN -7 EARNED AMT - MIN -8 EARNED AMT - MIN -9 EARNED AMT - MAX -1 EARNED AMT - MAX -10 EARNED AMT - MAX -11 EARNED AMT - MAX -12 EARNED AMT - MAX -12 EARNED AMT - MAX -2 EARNED AMT - MAX -3 EARNED AMT - MAX -4 EARNED AMT - MAX -5 EARNED AMT - MAX -6 EARNED AMT - MAX -7 EARNED AMT - MAX -8 EARNED AMT - MAX -9 EARNED AMT - RESULT -1 EARNED AMT - RESULT -10 EARNED AMT - RESULT -11 EARNED AMT - RESULT 12 EARNED AMT - RESULT 12 EARNED AMT - RESULT -2 EARNED AMT - RESULT -3

Section D: Income

HQ436_4 HQ436_5 HQ436_6 HQ436_7 HQ436_8 HQ436_9 HQ437 HQ438 HQ439 HQ440 HX056_MC HX061_MC HX063_MC HX067_MC OPN HRS 2004: JQ431_1 JQ431_10 JQ431_11 JQ431_12 JQ431_2 JQ431_3 JQ431_4 JQ431_5 JQ431_6 JQ431_7 JQ431_8 JQ431_9 JQ432_1 JQ432_10 JQ432_11 JQ432_12 JQ432_2 JQ432_3 JQ432_4 JQ432_5 JQ432_6 JQ432_7 JQ432_8 JQ432_9 JQ433_1 JQ433_10 JQ433_11 JQ433_12 JQ433_2 JQ433_3 JQ433_4 JQ433_5 JQ433_6 JQ433_7 JQ433_8 JQ433_9 JQ434_1 JQ434_10 JQ434_11 JQ434_12 JQ434_2 JQ434_3 JQ434_4 JQ434_5 JQ434_6 JQ434_7 JQ434_8

717

HHMEM EARNED AMT - RESULT -4 HHMEM EARNED AMT - RESULT -5 HHMEM EARNED AMT - RESULT -6 HHMEM EARNED AMT - RESULT -7 HHMEM EARNED AMT - RESULT -8 HHMEM EARNED AMT - RESULT -9 HHMEM NON JOB INCOME RECD AMOUNT HHMEM NON JOB INC AMT - MIN HHMEM NON JOB INC AMT - MAX HHMEM NON JOB INC AMT - RESULT RESIDENCY STATUS-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP TO R-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP HHM TO SP - UPDATED YEAR BORN-UPDATED PN OF KID/HHM/SIB AND THEIR SPOUSES HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM

PERSON NUMBER -1 PERSON NUMBER -10 PERSON NUMBER -11 PERSON NUMBER -12 PERSON NUMBER -2 PERSON NUMBER -3 PERSON NUMBER -4 PERSON NUMBER -5 PERSON NUMBER -6 PERSON NUMBER -7 PERSON NUMBER -8 PERSON NUMBER -9 WRKG LCY -1 WRKG LCY -10 WRKG LCY -11 WRKG LCY -12 WRKG LCY -2 WRKG LCY -3 WRKG LCY -4 WRKG LCY -5 WRKG LCY -6 WRKG LCY -7 WRKG LCY -8 WRKG LCY -9 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -1 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -10 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -11 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -12 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -2 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -3 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -4 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -5 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -6 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -7 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -8 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -9 EARNED AMT - MIN -1 EARNED AMT - MIN -10 EARNED AMT - MIN -11 EARNED AMT - MIN -12 EARNED AMT - MIN -2 EARNED AMT - MIN -3 EARNED AMT - MIN -4 EARNED AMT - MIN -5 EARNED AMT - MIN -6 EARNED AMT - MIN -7 EARNED AMT - MIN -8

Section D: Income

JQ434_9 JQ435_1 JQ435_10 JQ435_11 JQ435_12 JQ435_2 JQ435_3 JQ435_4 JQ435_5 JQ435_6 JQ435_7 JQ435_8 JQ435_9 JQ436_1 JQ436_10 JQ436_11 JQ436_12 JQ436_2 JQ436_3 JQ436_4 JQ436_5 JQ436_6 JQ436_7 JQ436_8 JQ436_9 JQ437 JQ438 JQ439 JQ440 HRS 2006: KQ431_1 KQ431_10 KQ431_11 KQ431_12 KQ431_2 KQ431_3 KQ431_4 KQ431_5 KQ431_6 KQ431_7 KQ431_8 KQ431_9 KQ432_1 KQ432_10 KQ432_11 KQ432_12 KQ432_2 KQ432_3 KQ432_4 KQ432_5 KQ432_6 KQ432_7 KQ432_8 KQ432_9 KQ433_1 KQ433_10 KQ433_11 KQ433_12 KQ433_2 KQ433_3 KQ433_4 KQ433_5 KQ433_6

718

HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM

EARNED AMT - MIN -9 EARNED AMT - MAX -1 EARNED AMT - MAX -10 EARNED AMT - MAX -11 EARNED AMT - MAX -12 EARNED AMT - MAX -2 EARNED AMT - MAX -3 EARNED AMT - MAX -4 EARNED AMT - MAX -5 EARNED AMT - MAX -6 EARNED AMT - MAX -7 EARNED AMT - MAX -8 EARNED AMT - MAX -9 EARNED AMT - RESULT -1 EARNED AMT - RESULT -10 EARNED AMT - RESULT -11 EARNED AMT - RESULT 12 EARNED AMT - RESULT -2 EARNED AMT - RESULT -3 EARNED AMT - RESULT -4 EARNED AMT - RESULT -5 EARNED AMT - RESULT -6 EARNED AMT - RESULT -7 EARNED AMT - RESULT -8 EARNED AMT - RESULT -9 NON JOB INCOME RECD AMOUNT NON JOB INC AMT - MIN NON JOB INC AMT - MAX NON JOB INC AMT - RESULT

HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM

PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER WRKG LCY -1 WRKG LCY -10 WRKG LCY -11 WRKG LCY -12 WRKG LCY -2 WRKG LCY -3 WRKG LCY -4 WRKG LCY -5 WRKG LCY -6 WRKG LCY -7 WRKG LCY -8 WRKG LCY -9 EARNED AMOUNT EARNED AMOUNT EARNED AMOUNT EARNED AMOUNT EARNED AMOUNT EARNED AMOUNT EARNED AMOUNT EARNED AMOUNT EARNED AMOUNT

-1 -10 -11 -12 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9

-

LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY LCY

-1 -10 -11 -12 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6

Section D: Income

KQ433_7 KQ433_8 KQ433_9 KQ434_1 KQ434_10 KQ434_11 KQ434_12 KQ434_2 KQ434_3 KQ434_4 KQ434_5 KQ434_6 KQ434_7 KQ434_8 KQ434_9 KQ435_1 KQ435_10 KQ435_11 KQ435_12 KQ435_2 KQ435_3 KQ435_4 KQ435_5 KQ435_6 KQ435_7 KQ435_8 KQ435_9 KQ436_1 KQ436_10 KQ436_11 KQ436_12 KQ436_2 KQ436_3 KQ436_4 KQ436_5 KQ436_6 KQ436_7 KQ436_8 KQ436_9 KQ437 KQ438 KQ439 KQ440 HRS 2008: LQ431_1 LQ431_10 LQ431_11 LQ431_12 LQ431_2 LQ431_3 LQ431_4 LQ431_5 LQ431_6 LQ431_7 LQ431_8 LQ431_9 LQ432_1 LQ432_10 LQ432_11 LQ432_12 LQ432_2 LQ432_3 LQ432_4

719

HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM

EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -7 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -8 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -9 EARNED AMT - MIN -1 EARNED AMT - MIN -10 EARNED AMT - MIN -11 EARNED AMT - MIN -12 EARNED AMT - MIN -2 EARNED AMT - MIN -3 EARNED AMT - MIN -4 EARNED AMT - MIN -5 EARNED AMT - MIN -6 EARNED AMT - MIN -7 EARNED AMT - MIN -8 EARNED AMT - MIN -9 EARNED AMT - MAX -1 EARNED AMT - MAX -10 EARNED AMT - MAX -11 EARNED AMT - MAX -12 EARNED AMT - MAX -2 EARNED AMT - MAX -3 EARNED AMT - MAX -4 EARNED AMT - MAX -5 EARNED AMT - MAX -6 EARNED AMT - MAX -7 EARNED AMT - MAX -8 EARNED AMT - MAX -9 EARNED AMT - RESULT -1 EARNED AMT - RESULT -10 EARNED AMT - RESULT -11 EARNED AMT - RESULT 12 EARNED AMT - RESULT -2 EARNED AMT - RESULT -3 EARNED AMT - RESULT -4 EARNED AMT - RESULT -5 EARNED AMT - RESULT -6 EARNED AMT - RESULT -7 EARNED AMT - RESULT -8 EARNED AMT - RESULT -9 NON JOB INCOME RECD AMOUNT NON JOB INC AMT - MIN NON JOB INC AMT - MAX NON JOB INC AMT - RESULT

HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM

PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER PERSON NUMBER WRKG LCY -1 WRKG LCY -10 WRKG LCY -11 WRKG LCY -12 WRKG LCY -2 WRKG LCY -3 WRKG LCY -4

-1 -10 -11 -12 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9

Section D: Income

LQ432_5 LQ432_6 LQ432_7 LQ432_8 LQ432_9 LQ433_1 LQ433_10 LQ433_11 LQ433_12 LQ433_2 LQ433_3 LQ433_4 LQ433_5 LQ433_6 LQ433_7 LQ433_8 LQ433_9 LQ434_1 LQ434_10 LQ434_11 LQ434_12 LQ434_2 LQ434_3 LQ434_4 LQ434_5 LQ434_6 LQ434_7 LQ434_8 LQ434_9 LQ435_1 LQ435_10 LQ435_11 LQ435_12 LQ435_2 LQ435_3 LQ435_4 LQ435_5 LQ435_6 LQ435_7 LQ435_8 LQ435_9 LQ436_1 LQ436_10 LQ436_11 LQ436_12 LQ436_2 LQ436_3 LQ436_4 LQ436_5 LQ436_6 LQ436_7 LQ436_8 LQ436_9 LQ437 LQ438 LQ439 LQ440

HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM HHMEM

720

WRKG LCY -5 WRKG LCY -6 WRKG LCY -7 WRKG LCY -8 WRKG LCY -9 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -1 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -10 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -11 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -12 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -2 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -3 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -4 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -5 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -6 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -7 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -8 EARNED AMOUNT - LCY -9 EARNED AMT - MIN -1 EARNED AMT - MIN -10 EARNED AMT - MIN -11 EARNED AMT - MIN -12 EARNED AMT - MIN -2 EARNED AMT - MIN -3 EARNED AMT - MIN -4 EARNED AMT - MIN -5 EARNED AMT - MIN -6 EARNED AMT - MIN -7 EARNED AMT - MIN -8 EARNED AMT - MIN -9 EARNED AMT - MAX -1 EARNED AMT - MAX -10 EARNED AMT - MAX -11 EARNED AMT - MAX -12 EARNED AMT - MAX -2 EARNED AMT - MAX -3 EARNED AMT - MAX -4 EARNED AMT - MAX -5 EARNED AMT - MAX -6 EARNED AMT - MAX -7 EARNED AMT - MAX -8 EARNED AMT - MAX -9 EARNED AMT - RESULT -1 EARNED AMT - RESULT -10 EARNED AMT - RESULT -11 EARNED AMT - RESULT 12 EARNED AMT - RESULT -2 EARNED AMT - RESULT -3 EARNED AMT - RESULT -4 EARNED AMT - RESULT -5 EARNED AMT - RESULT -6 EARNED AMT - RESULT -7 EARNED AMT - RESULT -8 EARNED AMT - RESULT -9 NON JOB INCOME RECD AMOUNT NON JOB INC AMT - MIN NON JOB INC AMT - MAX NON JOB INC AMT - RESULT

Section E: Social Security

721

Section E: Social Security

Section E: Social Security

722

Receives Social Security in any wave File Variable

Label

Type

1

RASSRECV

RASSRECV: R Receives SocSec

Categ

1

SASSRECV

SASSRECV: Any Spouse Receives SocSec

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RASSRECV

30548

0.735

0.442

0.000

1.000

SASSRECV

22841

0.663

0.473

0.000

1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|RASSRECV 0.no | 8105 1.yes | 22443 Value-------------------------|SASSRECV .U=Unmar | 7707 0.no | 7701 1.yes | 15140

How Constructed: RASSRECV is derived by looking at all waves of data. wave, RASSRECV is set to yes (=1).

If R receives Social Security (OASDI) at any

SASSRECV is derived by looking at all waves of data. If any of R's spouses receives Social Security at any wave, SASSRECV is set to yes (=1). If R is not in a couple household in any wave and never reports a spouse receiving Social Security, SASSRECV is set to SAS special missing value .U for unmarried. Social Security income measures are reported at the household level at all waves. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports income for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. Through Wave 5, who receives Social Security income is taken from a variable with codes for FinR only, FinR's spouse only, or both. If both the FinR and the FinR's spouse receive it, then both RASSRECV and SASSRECV are set to yes. If the respondent is the FinR, then the code for FinR only sets RASSRECV to yes and the code for FinR's spouse only sets SASSRECV to yes. If the respondent is the FinR's spouse, then the code for FinR only sets SASSRECV to yes, and the code for FinR's spouse only sets RASSRECV to yes. From Wave 6 onward, all respondents are asked whether they receive Social Security in the employment section. In addition, the FinR is asked if his/her spouse receives Social Security in the income section. For the FinR there is only one source for this information, from the employment section. The FinR's spouse's self-report is used first in deriving this variable, but if missing or if the spouse did not respond, the FinR's report from the income section is used.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The Financial Respondent (FinR) answers all income questions for the household. Up through Wave 5, the FinR is asked if either he/she or his/her spouse or partner receives Social Security income, and if so, who.

Section E: Social Security

723

In Wave 1 and 2A, the raw data provides one variable that combines the answers to these 2 questions. In Wave 3A, the question is asked separately for the Financial Respondent and spouse. In Waves 2H, 3H, 4, and 5, the raw data contain the answers to both questions as two separate variables. From Wave 6 onward, a question in the employment section is asked of all respondents as to whether they receive Social Security or not. In the income section, the FinR's response is carried from the employment section, and the FinR is then asked if the spouse receives any Social Security income. So there are two possible sources for whether the spouse of the FinR receives Social Security income: the FinR's report in the income section and the spouse's own response in the employment section.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V6001 AHEAD 1993: B1376 HRS 1994: W6253 W6254 AHEAD 1995: D3875 D3885 HRS 1996: E3983 E3984 HRS 1998: F4743 F4744 HRS 2000: G5182 G5185 HRS 2002: HJ478 HQ106 HRS 2004: JJ478 JQ106 JFINR HRS 2006: KJ478 KQ106 KFINR HRS 2008: LJ478 LQ106 LFINR Tracker: AFINR BFINR CFINR DFINR EFINR FFINR GFINR HFINR

N41:SS:RCV SOC SEC I:IMP J1. SS: RECEIVE ANY N23.SOCIAL SECURITY? N23a.WHO RECEIVED SOCIAL J1.RECEIVE SOC SEC J5.SP REC SS J45.SOC SEC INCOME J46.WHO RECEIVE SOC SEC INCOME J45.SOC SEC INCOME J46.WHO RECEIVE SOC SEC INCOME J45.SOC SEC INCOME J46.WHO RECEIVE SOC SEC INCOME CURRENTLY RECV SOC SEC INCOME WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH CURRENTLY RECV SOC SEC INCOME WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH 2004 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT CURRENTLY RECV SOC SEC INCOME WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH 2006 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT CURRENTLY RECV SOC SEC INCOME WHO RECEIVED INC FROM SSI LAST MONTH 2008 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER

FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL

RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT

Section E: Social Security

724

Age when started to receive Social Security File Variable

Label

Type

1

RASSAGEM

RASSAGEM: Age/months R Start Rec. SocSec

Cont

1

SASSAGEM

SASSAGEM: Age/mnths Sp Start Rec. SocSec

Cont

1

RASSAGEB

RASSAGEB: Age R Start Rec. SocSec

Cont

1

SASSAGEB

SASSAGEB: Age Sp Start Rec. SocSec

Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

RASSAGEM

13923

734.103

SASSAGEM

9874

RASSAGEB SASSAGEB

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

71.844

109.000

1081.000

739.418

64.646

229.000

1081.000

13923

61.189

5.987

9.100

90.100

9874

61.632

5.387

19.100

90.100

How Constructed: RASSAGEB is the age in years and RASSAGEM is the age in months when the respondent starts to receive Social Security income. SASSAGEB is the age in years and SASSAGEM is the age in months when the respondent's spouse or partner starts to receive Social Security income. If the respondent has more than one spouse, then we look at the first time any spouse is reported to receive Social Security income. SASSAGEB is derived as the age of this spouse at the starting month given at that interview. If R is not in a couple household in any wave and never reports a spouse receiving Social Security, SASSAGEB and SASSAGEM are both set to SAS special missing value .U for unmarried. The month the respondent or spouse starts to receive Social Security is taken from the first interview at which he/she is reported to receive it. The respondent or spouse's age is derived from this month and the appropriate birth date. The age in months is first calculated; the age in years is the age in months divided by 12 and rounded to 1 decimal place. If the year when Social Security is first received is given but the month is missing, then the month used to calculate age is the month after the individual's birthday, except for those born in December, in which case December is used. In Waves 2A and 3A, there is no specific month or year if the respondent or his/her spouse first received Social Security more than two years ago. Further there are cases where the two-year question was also skipped. For these cases, if a start month was given at a later wave and provides a date that precedes the W2A interview, or two years prior if the respondent started receiving more than two years ago, then the given start month was used in deriving this variable. Otherwise, the start month and year for cases where receipt began more than two years before are set to .T. For cases where the two-year question is missing, the start month and year are set to .M. Social Security income measures are reported at the household level at all waves. The Financial Respondent (FinR) reports the month Social Security started for both him/herself and his/her spouse or partner. The month when the respondent started receiving Social Security is that of the FinR, if they are the same individual, and the month when the spouse started is that of the FinR's spouse. If the respondent is the spouse of the FinR, then the FinR-reported respondent and spouse measures

Section E: Social Security

725

are swapped. That is, if the respondent is the FinR's spouse then the FinR-reported spouse start month is assigned as the respondent's start month and the FinR-reported respondent start is assigned as the spouse start month.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The Financial Respondent (FinR) answers all income questions for the household. If the FinR or the FinR's spouse or partner receives Social Security income then a question asks when it began for each individual. In Waves 1 and 2H the month when Social Security income was first received is asked for everyone who receives it. In Waves 2A and 3A if the respondent or their spouse started to receive Social Security more than 2 years ago the questions pertaining to month and year started are skipped. Note that, since most people in the Ahead cohort are age 70 or older at Wave 2A, the majority began receiving Social Security more than 2 years prior to the interview, and thus are not asked the month when it began. Furthermore in Wave 2A, for unknown reasons, the majority of cases skip the question about whether the FinR's Social Security started more than 2 years ago, and hence also skipped the question on the specific starting date. The 2-year question for FinR's spouse did not seem to experience the same skip problem. In Wave 3H, the month it was first received is not asked if a preloaded variable indicates that the individual reported receiving Social Security at a previous wave. If the preload indicates no report of receiving Social Security at a previous wave then the year when it started is asked. If the year is 1994 or later, then the month is asked. If the year is before 1994 then the month is not asked. From Wave 4 forward, the questions are structured the same as in Wave 3H, except the year cut-offs for asking month are two years prior, e.g., 1996 in Wave 4, 1998 in Wave 5, and 2000 in Wave 6.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V6004 V6013 V6014 V6022 V6023 V6031 V6032 V6108 V6109 AHEAD 1993: B1380 B1381 B1382 B1391 B1392 B1393 HRS 1994: W6261 W6262 W6269 W6270 AHEAD 1995: D3882 D3883 D3884 D3892 D3893 D3894 HRS 1996: E3990 E3991

N41C:SS:MO BENEFTS BGAN N42B:SS:R1MO BENFT BGAN N42B:SS:R1YR BENFT BGAN N42B:SS:R2MO BENFT BGAN N42B:SS:R2YR BENFT BGAN N43B:SS:R1MO BENEFT BGAN N43B:SS:R1YR BENEFT BGAN N44B:SS:R2MO BENEFT BGAN N44B:SS:R2YR BENEFT BGAN J2c. J2d. J2e. J3b. J3c. J3d.

SS: SS: SS: SS: SS: SS:

R START >2YRS AGO R START MONTH R START YEAR SP START >2YRS AGO SP START MONTH SP START YEAR

N23e.START RECEIVING SSN23e.START RECEIVING SSN23h.SP-START RECEIVING N23h.SP-START RECEIVING J4. START SS IN LAST TWO YEARS J4A.MONTH START SOC SEC J4A.YEAR START SOC SEC J7.START SS IN LAST 2 YEARS SP/PT J7A.MONTH START SOC SEC SP/PT J7B.YEAR START SOC SEC SP/PT J48.R RECV SS BENEFITS START YEAR J49.SS BENEFITS START MONTH

Section E: Social Security

E4001 E4002 HRS 1998: F4750 F4751 F4761 F4762 HRS 2000: G5193 G5194 G5204 G5205 HRS 2002: HQ089 HQ090 HQ095 HQ096 HRS 2004: JQ089 JQ090 JQ095 JQ096 JFINR HRS 2006: KQ089 KQ090 KQ095 KQ096 KFINR HRS 2008: LQ089 LQ090 LQ095 LQ096 LFINR Tracker: AFINR BFINR CFINR DFINR EFINR FFINR GFINR HFINR

726

J50B1.SP BENEFITS START - YEAR J50B2.SP BENEFITS START - MONTH J48.R SS J49.R SS J50B1.SP J50B2.SP

BENEFITS START YEAR BENEFITS START MONTH SS BENEFITS START YEAR SS BENEFITS START MONTH

J48.R SS J49.R SS J50B1.SP J50B2.SP

BENEFITS START YEAR BENEFITS START MONTH SS BENEFITS START YEAR SS BENEFITS START MONTH

R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS 2004 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS 2006 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT R YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS R MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP YEAR STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS SP MONTH STARTED TO RECEIVE SS BENEFITS 2008 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2002

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER

FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL FINANCIAL

RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT

Section E: Social Security

727

Ever applied for SSI or SS Disability (SSDI) File Variable

Label

Type

1

RADIEVER

RADIEVER: Ever applied for SSDI/SSI

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIEVER S2DIEVER S3DIEVER S4DIEVER S5DIEVER S6DIEVER S7DIEVER S8DIEVER S9DIEVER

S1DIEVER: S2DIEVER: S3DIEVER: S4DIEVER: S5DIEVER: S6DIEVER: S7DIEVER: S8DIEVER: S9DIEVER:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever

applied applied applied applied applied applied applied applied applied

for for for for for for for for for

SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RADIEVER

28265

0.147

0.354

0.000

1.000

S1DIEVER S2DIEVER S3DIEVER S4DIEVER S5DIEVER S6DIEVER S7DIEVER S8DIEVER S9DIEVER

10112 12438 11653 14289 12893 11745 13161 11909 10854

0.170 0.133 0.132 0.129 0.126 0.125 0.120 0.118 0.114

0.375 0.339 0.338 0.335 0.332 0.331 0.325 0.323 0.317

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|RADIEVER .M=other missing | 109 .Q=Not asked this wave | 2174 0.No | 24103 1.Yes | 4162 Value-------------------------|S1DIEVER S2DIEVER S3DIEVER S4DIEVER S5DIEVER S6DIEVER S7DIEVER S8DIEVER S9DIEVER .M=other missing | 30 50 41 44 45 37 33 23 15 .Q=Not asked this wave | 959 488 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 137 225 151 182 103 79 158 120 142 0.No | 8397 10787 10120 12445 11269 10272 11578 10498 9620 1.Yes | 1715 1651 1533 1844 1624 1473 1583 1411 1234

How Constructed: RADIEVER is derived by looking at all waves of data. If the respondent reports applying for any disability program, then a follow-up question about what type of program is asked. If the type of program is Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security disability at any wave, RADIEVER is set to yes (=1). Before Wave 5, Social Security disability and SSI are combined in the survey questions. From Wave 5 forward, these programs are treated separately. If the respondent reports applying for either program, RADIEVER is set to yes.

Section E: Social Security

728

Please see the description of the RADITYPE variable under "Type of Disability". RADITYPE gives the type of disability program, with Social Security and SSI separated if the information is provided in Wave 5 or beyond. SwDIEVER indicates whether the respondent's Wave 'w' spouse or partner ever applied for SSI/Social Security disability benefits. It is taken from the spouse's RADIEVER if the spouse ever responds. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead respondents with no information in other waves, the values are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. In Version D, variables providing more detailed information about disability are added and the R5DSSEVR and R5DSIEVR variables are dropped. A wave-specific disability status variable is also added. See "SSDI/SSI Disability Episodes" and "Wave-specific Disability Status".

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security disability (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately. In Wave 1, the question asks if the respondent has ever applied for Social Security disability or SSI. In Waves 2H, 3H and 4, it asks if the respondent has applied for disability benefits from any government program since the last interview (or ever if it is the first interview) and if yes, asks which programs. One of the answers is SSDI and/or SSI, that is the two are combined in the possible responses. Beginning in Wave 5, the question wording is the same but SSDI and SSI may be specified separately, making it possible to identify those with just SSDDI, just SSI, and those with both. In Waves 2A and 3A, questions about disability benefits were not asked due to the older ages of the Ahead entry cohort.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4706 HRS 1994: W5268 W5269 W5270 W5271 HRS 1996: E3589 E3595M1 E3595M2 E3595M3 HRS 1998: F4123 F4124M1 F4124M2 F4124M3 F4489 HRS 2000: G4453 G4454M1 G4454M2 G4454M3 G4862 G4881 HRS 2002: HM036

J123:EVR APPLD DISAB BEN J23.APPLY FOR OTHER DISA J24.DISABILITY PROGRAM J24.DISABILITY PROGRAM J24.DISABILITY PROGRAM GD23. GD24. GD24. GD24.

APPLY OTHER DISABILITY DISABILITY PROGRAMS DISABILITY PROGRAMS DISABILITY PROGRAMS

GD23. APPLY OTHER DISABILITY GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GJ123.EVER APPLY FOR SSD OR SSI GD23. APPLY OTHER DISABILITY GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GJ123.EVER APPLY FOR SSDI GJ125.EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY

Section E: Social Security

HM037M1 HM037M2 HM037M3 HM645 HM651 HRS 2004: JM036 JM037M1 JM037M2 JM037M3 JM645 JM651 HRS 2006: KM036 KM037M1 KM037M2 KM037M3 KM645 KM651 HRS 2008: LM036 LM037M1 LM037M2 LM037M3 LM645 LM651

HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI

729

Section E: Social Security

730

Month and year applied for SSI or SSDI benefits File Variable

Label

Type

1

RADIAPM

RADIAPM: Month applied for SSDI/SSI

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIAPM S2DIAPM S3DIAPM S4DIAPM S5DIAPM S6DIAPM S7DIAPM S8DIAPM S9DIAPM

S1DIAPM: S2DIAPM: S3DIAPM: S4DIAPM: S5DIAPM: S6DIAPM: S7DIAPM: S8DIAPM: S9DIAPM:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

RADIAPY

RADIAPY: Year applied for SSDI/SSI

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIAPY S2DIAPY S3DIAPY S4DIAPY S5DIAPY S6DIAPY S7DIAPY S8DIAPY S9DIAPY

S1DIAPY: S2DIAPY: S3DIAPY: S4DIAPY: S5DIAPY: S6DIAPY: S7DIAPY: S8DIAPY: S9DIAPY:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month

Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year

applied applied applied applied applied applied applied applied applied

applied applied applied applied applied applied applied applied applied

for for for for for for for for for

for for for for for for for for for

SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI

SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RADIAPM

2921

5.633

3.518

1.000

12.000

S1DIAPM S2DIAPM S3DIAPM S4DIAPM S5DIAPM S6DIAPM S7DIAPM S8DIAPM S9DIAPM

1323 1283 1220 1470 1295 1156 1140 1006 873

5.823 5.741 5.756 5.700 5.682 5.693 5.777 5.764 5.694

3.484 3.482 3.505 3.544 3.537 3.541 3.531 3.547 3.518

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

RADIAPY

3934

1991.195

9.569

1940.000

2008.000

S1DIAPY S2DIAPY S3DIAPY S4DIAPY S5DIAPY S6DIAPY S7DIAPY S8DIAPY S9DIAPY

1659 1572 1472 1771 1569 1424 1536 1370 1205

1990.872 1990.550 1990.827 1991.701 1992.129 1992.613 1993.913 1994.218 1994.602

8.125 8.773 8.809 9.131 9.096 9.030 8.799 8.847 8.682

1940.000 1940.000 1940.000 1940.000 1940.000 1940.000 1946.000 1946.000 1946.000

2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000

How Constructed:

Section E: Social Security

731

RADIAPM and RADIAPY are the month and year the respondent first applied for disability benefits. They are taken from the first interview at which the respondent reports applying for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security disability (SSDI). From Wave 2 forward, if different months are given for the month first applied ever and month first applied since last interview, the dates are compared and the earliest is used for the interview. Before Wave 5, SSDI and SSI are combined in the survey questions. From Wave 5 forward, these programs are treated separately. If the respondent reports applying for either program, then the earliest of these reported application months is used in deriving RADIAPM and RADIAPY. Please see the description of the RADITYPE variable under "Type of Disability". RADITYPE gives the type of disability program, with Social Security and SSI separated if the information is provided in Wave 5 or beyond. SwDIAPM and SwDIAPY give the first month and year that the respondent's Wave 'w' spouse or partner applied for SSI/Social Security DI benefits. It is taken from the spouse's RADIAPM and RADIAPY if the spouse ever responds. If RADIEVER is missing, then RADIAPM and RADIAPY are set to the special missing value .S, for skipped. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead respondents with no information in other waves, the values are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. Starting in Version D, variables providing more detailed information about disability are added and the R5DSSAPM, R5DSSAPY, R5DSIAPM, and R5DSIAPY variables are dropped. A wave-specific disability status variable is also added. See "SSDI/SSI Disability Episodes" and "Wave-specific Disability Status".

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security disability (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately. In Wave 1, a question asks if the respondent has ever applied for Social Security disability or SSI, and if yes, when he/she first applied. In Waves 2H, 3H and 4, it asks if the respondent has applied for disability benefits from any government program since the last interview (or ever if it is the first interview) and if yes, asks which programs. In the answers, SSDI and SSI are treated together. If the respondent reports applying for SSDI/SSI, a question asks when he/she first applied. If the month given is before the last interview, a second question asks when he/she first applied since the last interview. Occasionally the month given in answer to the second question is earlier than that given to the first question. From Wave 5 forward, the question wording is the same but separate questions are asked for the two programs. If the respondent reports applying for SSDI then a question asks when he/she first applied for SSDI. If an SSI application is reported, then another question asks when he/she first applied for SSI. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4707 V4708 HRS 1994:

J123A:MO 1ST APPLIED J123A:YR 1ST APPLIED

Section E: Social Security

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

W5274 W5275 W5276 W5277 1996: E3596 E3597 E3598 E3599 1998: F4125 F4126 F4127 F4128 F4490 F4491 2000: G4455 G4456 G4457 G4458 G4473 G4474 G4863 G4864 G4882 G4883 2002: HM040A HM040B HM040C HM040D HM041A HM041B HM646 HM647 HM652 HM653 2004: JM646 JM647 JM652 JM653 JMW249A JMW249B JMW250A JMW250B JMW251A JMW252A 2006: KM646 KM647 KM652 KM653 KMW249A KMW249B KMW250A KMW250B KMW251A KMW252A 2008: LM646 LM647

J26a.SSD/SSI APPLY-MONTH J26a1.SSD/SSI APPLY-YEAR J26a2.FIRST APPLY-MONTH J26a3.FIRST APPLY-YEAR GD26A. SS APPLY-MONTH GD26A1. SS APPLY-YR GD26A2. CHECK MONTH GD26A3. CHECK YR GD26A. SS APPLY-MONTH GD26A1. SS APPLY-YR GD26A2. CHECK MONTH GD26A3. CHECK YR GJ123A.FIRST APPLIED SS - MONTH GJ123A1.FIRST APPLIED SS - YEAR GD26A.SSD APPLY-MO GD26A1. SSD APPLY-YR GD26A2.SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO GD26A3.SSD APPL SINCE PREV WAVE-YR GD27A. SSI APPLY-MONTH GD27A1. SSI APPLY-YR GJ123A.FIRST APPLIED SSDI - YEAR GJ123A2.FIRST APPLIED SSDI - MONTH GJ125A1.FIRST APPLIED SSI - YEAR GJ125A2.FIRST APPLIED SSI - MONTH HM040A SSD APPLY-MO HM040B SSD APPLY-YR HM040C SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO HM040D SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR HM041A SSD APPLY-MO HM041B SSD APPLY-YR 1ST APPLIED SSDI - YR 1ST APPLIED SSDI - MO 1ST APPLIED SSI - YR 1ST APPLIED SSI - MO HM646 1ST APPLIED SSDI - YR HM647 1ST APPLIED SSDI - MO HM652 1ST APPLIED SSI - YR HM653 1ST APPLIED SSI - MO HM040A SSD APPLY-MO HM041A SSI APPLY-MO HM040B SSD APPLY-YR HM041B SSI APPLY-YR HM040C SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO HM040D SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR HM646 1ST APPLIED SSDI - YR HM647 1ST APPLIED SSDI - MO HM652 1ST APPLIED SSI - YR HM653 1ST APPLIED SSI - MO HM040A SSD APPLY-MO HM041A SSI APPLY-MO HM040B SSD APPLY-YR HM041B SSI APPLY-YR HM040C SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO HM040D SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR HM646 1ST APPLIED SSDI - YR HM647 1ST APPLIED SSDI - MO

732

Section E: Social Security

LM652 LM653 LMW249A LMW249B LMW250A LMW250B LMW251A LMW252A

HM652 1ST APPLIED SSI - YR HM653 1ST APPLIED SSI - MO HM040A SSD APPLY-MO HM041A SSI APPLY-MO HM040B SSD APPLY-YR HM041B SSI APPLY-YR HM040C SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO HM040D SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR

733

Section E: Social Security

734

Appealed or re-applied for SSI or SSDI benefits File Variable

Label

Type

1

RADIREAP

RADIREAP: Ever appealed for SSDI/SSI

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIREAP S2DIREAP S3DIREAP S4DIREAP S5DIREAP S6DIREAP S7DIREAP S8DIREAP S9DIREAP

S1DIREAP: S2DIREAP: S3DIREAP: S4DIREAP: S5DIREAP: S6DIREAP: S7DIREAP: S8DIREAP: S9DIREAP:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever

appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed

for for for for for for for for for

SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RADIREAP

28345

0.039

0.194

0.000

1.000

S1DIREAP S2DIREAP S3DIREAP S4DIREAP S5DIREAP S6DIREAP S7DIREAP S8DIREAP S9DIREAP

10127 12482 11686 14328 12931 11776 13187 11928 10865

0.051 0.036 0.036 0.034 0.033 0.034 0.033 0.033 0.031

0.219 0.186 0.187 0.181 0.179 0.181 0.179 0.179 0.174

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|RADIREAP .M=other missing | 29 .Q=Not asked this wave | 2174 0.No | 27233 1.Yes | 1112 Value-------------------------|S1DIREAP S2DIREAP S3DIREAP S4DIREAP S5DIREAP S6DIREAP S7DIREAP S8DIREAP S9DIREAP .M=other missing | 13 9 8 6 8 6 7 6 5 .Q=Not asked this wave | 959 488 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 139 222 151 181 102 79 158 118 141 0.No | 9614 12032 11262 13843 12502 11378 12751 11533 10525 1.Yes | 513 450 424 485 429 398 436 395 340

How Constructed: RADIREAP is derived by looking at all waves of data. If the respondent reports appealing or reapplying for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security disability (SSDI) at any wave, RADIREAP is set to yes (=1). Before Wave 5, SSDI and SSI are combined in the survey questions. From Wave 5 forward, these programs are treated separately. If the respondent reports reapplying for either program, then RADIREAP is set to yes.

Section E: Social Security

735

Please see the description of the RADITYPE variable under "Type of Disability". RADITYPE gives the type of disability program, with Social Security and SSI separated if the information is provided in Wave 5 or beyond. SwDIREAP indicates whether the respondent's Wave 'w' spouse or partner ever reapplied for SSI/Social Security disability benefits. It is taken from the spouse's RADIREAP if the spouse ever responds. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead respondents with no information in other waves, the values are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. In Version D, variables providing more detailed information about disability are added and the R5DSSREA and R5DSIREA variables are dropped. A wave-specific disability status variable is also added. See "SSDI/SSI Disability Episodes" and "Wave-specific Disability Status".

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security disability (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately. In Wave 1, a question asks if the respondent has ever applied for Social Security disability or SSI, and if yes, whether he/she is receiving benefits. If not, another question asks whether he/she has appealed or re-applied. In Waves 2H, 3H and 4, it asks if the respondent has applied for disability benefits from any government program since the last interview (or ever if it is the first interview) and if yes, asks which programs. In the answers, SSDI and SSI are treated together. If the respondent reports applying for SSDI/SSI, then a question asks if he/she is receiving benefits. If not, another question asks whether he/she has appealed or re-applied. From Wave 5 forward, the question wording is the same but separate questions are asked for the two programs. If the respondent reports applying for but not receiving SSDI benefits then a question asks whether he/she has appealed or re-applied for SSDI. If an SSI application without approval is reported, then another question asks if he/she has appealed or re-applied for SSI. After Wave 1, re-interviewed respondents are asked questions about the status of previously reported SSDI/SSI benefit receipt. From Wave 4 forward, re-interviewed respondents are asked about the status of applications made but unresolved at the prior wave. If a respondent had applied for SSDI/SSI in a previous wave and the application was still pending, then he/she is asked what type of benefit was applied for and if that application was approved. From Wave 5 forward, if the prior wave application was not approved, the respondent is asked if he/she has appealed or reapplied. These questions are asked before the questions about applying since last interview described above. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead respondents, the values are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4710 HRS 1994: W5279 HRS 1996: E3601 HRS 1998: F4130 F4493 HRS 2000: G4400

J123C:APPEAL/APPLY AGAIN J26c.APPEAL/APPLY LATER GD26C. SS-APPLY AGAIN GD26C. SS-APPLY AGAIN GJ123C.SS APPEALED OR APPLY AGAIN GD18DA. SSDI-APPLY AGAIN

Section E: Social Security

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

G4420 G4460 G4478 G4866 G4885 2002: HM032N HM033L HM040F HM041F HM648N HM654J 2004: JMW245A JMW245B JMW245C JMW245D JMW245H JMW245I 2006: KMW245A KMW245B KMW245C KMW245D KMW245H KMW245I 2008: LMW245A LMW245B LMW245C LMW245D LMW245H LMW245I

736

GD18EH. SSI-APPLY AGAIN GD26C.SSD WHETHER APPLIED AGAIN GD27C. SSI-APPLY AGAIN GJ123C.SSDI APPEALED OR APPLY AGAIN GJ125C.SSI APPEALED OR APPLY AGAIN HM032N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN HM033L SSI-APPLY AGAIN HM040F SSDI-APPLY AGAIN HM041F SSI-APPLY AGAIN SSDI-APPLY AGAIN SSI-APPLY AGAIN HM040F HM041F HM032N HM033L HM648N HM654J

SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -1 SSI-APPLY AGAIN -1 SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -2 SSI-APPLY AGAIN -2 SSDI-APPLY AGAIN-1 SSI-APPLY AGAIN-1

HM040F HM041F HM032N HM033L HM648N HM654J

SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -1 SSI-APPLY AGAIN -1 SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -2 SSI-APPLY AGAIN -2 SSDI-APPLY AGAIN-1 SSI-APPLY AGAIN-1

HM040F HM041F HM032N HM033L HM648N HM654J

SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -1 SSI-APPLY AGAIN -1 SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -2 SSI-APPLY AGAIN -2 SSDI-APPLY AGAIN-1 SSI-APPLY AGAIN-1

Section E: Social Security

737

Month and year appealed or re-applied for SSI or SSDI benefits File Variable

Label

Type

1

RADIREM

RADIREM: Month appealed for SSDI/SSI

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIREM S2DIREM S3DIREM S4DIREM S5DIREM S6DIREM S7DIREM S8DIREM S9DIREM

S1DIREM: S2DIREM: S3DIREM: S4DIREM: S5DIREM: S6DIREM: S7DIREM: S8DIREM: S9DIREM:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

RADIREY

RADIREY: Year appealed for SSDI/SSI

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIREY S2DIREY S3DIREY S4DIREY S5DIREY S6DIREY S7DIREY S8DIREY S9DIREY

S1DIREY: S2DIREY: S3DIREY: S4DIREY: S5DIREY: S6DIREY: S7DIREY: S8DIREY: S9DIREY:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month

Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year

appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed

appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed appealed

for for for for for for for for for

for for for for for for for for for

SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI

SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RADIREM

753

5.614

3.254

1.000

12.000

S1DIREM S2DIREM S3DIREM S4DIREM S5DIREM S6DIREM S7DIREM S8DIREM S9DIREM

364 318 304 347 311 286 293 262 225

5.747 5.679 5.612 5.591 5.556 5.430 5.543 5.714 5.791

3.154 3.179 3.149 3.217 3.197 3.152 3.223 3.181 3.263

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

RADIREY

1051

1992.580

7.354

1958.000

2008.000

S1DIREY S2DIREY S3DIREY S4DIREY S5DIREY S6DIREY S7DIREY S8DIREY S9DIREY

491 431 406 461 408 377 419 379 329

1991.305 1991.422 1991.567 1992.325 1992.167 1992.714 1994.048 1994.623 1994.872

6.383 6.306 6.323 6.782 7.046 7.126 7.673 7.846 7.754

1968.000 1968.000 1968.000 1968.000 1968.000 1972.000 1972.000 1974.000 1974.000

2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000

How Constructed:

Section E: Social Security

738

RADIREM and RADIREY are the month and year the respondent first appealed or reapplied for disability benefits. They are taken from the first interview at which the respondent reports appealing or reapplying for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security disability (SSDI). Before Wave 5, SSDI and SSI are combined in the survey questions. From Wave 5 forward, these programs are treated separately. If the respondent reports reapplying for either program, then the earliest of these reported reapplication months is used in deriving RADIREM and RADIREY. Please see the description of the RADITYPE variable under "Type of Disability". RADITYPE gives the type of disability program, with Social Security and SSI separated if the information is provided in Wave 5 or beyond. SwDIREM and SwDIREY give the first month and year that the respondent's Wave 'w' spouse or partner reapplied for SSI/Social Security DI benefits. It is taken from the spouse's RADIREM and RADIREY if the spouse ever responds. If RADIREAP is missing, then RADIREM and RADIREY are set to the special missing value .S, for skipped. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead respondents with no information in other waves, the values are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. In Version D, variables providing more detailed information about disability are added and the R5DSSREM, R5DSSREY, R5DSIREM, and R5DSIREY variables are dropped. A wave-specific disability status variable is also added. See "SSDI/SSI Disability Episodes" and "Wave-specific Disability Status".

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security disability (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately. In Wave 1, a question asks if the respondent has ever applied for Social Security disability or SSI, and if yes, whether he/she is receiving benefits. If not, another question asks whether he/she has appealed or re-applied and if so, when the last re-application was made. In Waves 2H, 3H and 4, it asks if the respondent has applied for disability benefits from any government program since the last interview (or ever if it is the first interview) and if yes, asks which programs. In the answers, SSDI and SSI are treated together. If the respondent reports applying for SSDI/SSI, then the questions follow the same pattern as in Wave 1. From Wave 5 forward, the question wording is the same but separate questions are asked for the two programs. If the respondent reports applying for but not receiving SSDI benefits then a question asks whether he/she has appealed or re-applied for SSDI, and if so, when the last re-application was made. If an SSI application without approval is reported, then another question asks if he/she has appealed or re-applied for SSI and if so, when the last re-application was made. After Wave 1, re-interviewed respondents are asked questions about the status of previously reported SSDI/SSI benefit receipt. From Wave 4 forward, re-interviewed respondents are asked about the status of applications made but unresolved at the prior wave. If a respondent had applied for SSDI/SSI in a previous wave and the application was still pending, then he/she is asked what type of benefit was applied for and if that application was approved. From Wave 5 forward, if the prior wave application was not approved, the respondent is asked if he/she has appealed or reapplied, and if so, when. These questions are asked before the questions about applying since last interview described above. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions.

Section E: Social Security

739

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4711 V4712 HRS 1994: W5280 W5281 HRS 1996: E3602 E3603 HRS 1998: F4131 F4132 F4494 F4495 HRS 2000: G4401 G4402 G4421 G4422 G4461 G4462 G4479 G4480 G4867 G4868 G4886 G4887 HRS 2002: HM032O HM032P HM033N HM033O HM041G HM041H HM042H HM050G HM648O HM648P HM654K HM654L HRS 2004: JMW246B JMW246C JMW246D JMW246G JMW246H JMW246I JMW247B JMW247C JMW247D JMW247E JMW247H JMW247I HRS 2006: KMW246B KMW246C KMW246D KMW246G KMW246H KMW246I KMW247B

J123D:MO LST APPLIED J123D:YR LAST APPLIED J26d.SSD/SSI LAST APPLYJ26d1.SSD/SSI LAST APPLY GD26D. SS-LAST APPLY MONTH GD26D1. SS-LAST APPLY YR GD26D. SS-LAST APPLY MONTH GD26D1. SS-LAST APPLY YR GJ123D.SS APPEALED - MONTH GJ123D1.SS APPEALED - YEAR GD18DB. SSDI-LAST APPLY MONTH GD18DC. SSDI-LAST APPLY YR GD18EJ. SSI-LAST APPLY MONTH GD18EK. SSI-LAST APPLY YR GD26D.SSD LAST APPLICATION-MO GD26D1.SSD LAST APPLICATION-YR GD27D. SSI-LAST APPLY MONTH GD27D1. SSI-LAST APPLY YR GJ123D.SSDI APPEALED - YR GJ123D2.SSDI APPEALED - MO GJ125D1.SSI APPEALED - YR GJ125D2.SSI APPEALED - MO HM032O SSDI-LAST APPLY MO HM032P SSDI-LAST APPLY YR HM033N SSI-LAST APPLY MO HM033O SSI-LAST APPLY YR HM041G SSI-LAST APPLY MO HM041H SSI-LAST APPLY YR HM042H VA-LAST APPLY YR HM050G OTH PROG-LAST APPLY MO SSDI-LAST APPLY MO SSDI-LAST APPLY YR SSI-LAST APPLY MO SSI-LAST APPLY YR HM041G HM032O HM033N HM050G HM648O HM654K HM041H HM032P HM033O HM042H HM648P HM654L

SSI-LAST APPLY MO -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY MO -2 SSI-LAST APPLY MO -2 OTH PROG-LAST APPLY MO -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY MO-1 SSI-LAST APPLY MO SSI-LAST APPLY YR -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY YR -2 SSI-LAST APPLY YR -2 VA-LAST APPLY YR -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY YR-1 SSI-LAST APPLY YR-1

HM041G HM032O HM033N HM050G HM648O HM654K HM041H

SSI-LAST APPLY MO -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY MO -2 SSI-LAST APPLY MO -2 OTH PROG-LAST APPLY MO -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY MO-1 SSI-LAST APPLY MO SSI-LAST APPLY YR -1

Section E: Social Security

KMW247C KMW247D KMW247E KMW247H KMW247I HRS 2008: LMW246B LMW246C LMW246D LMW246G LMW246H LMW246I LMW247B LMW247C LMW247D LMW247E LMW247H LMW247I

740

HM032P HM033O HM042H HM648P HM654L

SSDI-LAST APPLY YR -2 SSI-LAST APPLY YR -2 VA-LAST APPLY YR -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY YR-1 SSI-LAST APPLY YR-1

HM041G HM032O HM033N HM050G HM648O HM654K HM041H HM032P HM033O HM042H HM648P HM654L

SSI-LAST APPLY MO -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY MO -2 SSI-LAST APPLY MO -2 OTH PROG-LAST APPLY MO -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY MO-1 SSI-LAST APPLY MO SSI-LAST APPLY YR -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY YR -2 SSI-LAST APPLY YR -2 VA-LAST APPLY YR -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY YR-1 SSI-LAST APPLY YR-1

Section E: Social Security

741

Receives approval for SSI or SSDI File Variable

Label

Type

1

RADIGET

RADIGET: Ever get SSDI/SSI

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIGET S2DIGET S3DIGET S4DIGET S5DIGET S6DIGET S7DIGET S8DIGET S9DIGET

S1DIGET: S2DIGET: S3DIGET: S4DIGET: S5DIGET: S6DIGET: S7DIGET: S8DIGET: S9DIGET:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever Ever

get get get get get get get get get

SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RADIGET

28335

0.103

0.304

0.000

1.000

S1DIGET S2DIGET S3DIGET S4DIGET S5DIGET S6DIGET S7DIGET S8DIGET S9DIGET

10125 12475 11679 14322 12927 11774 13185 11923 10860

0.112 0.089 0.089 0.090 0.087 0.087 0.082 0.081 0.077

0.315 0.284 0.284 0.286 0.282 0.281 0.274 0.273 0.266

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| RADIGET .M=other missing | 39 .Q=Not asked this wave | 2174 0.No | 25415 1.Yes | 2920 Value-------------------------| S1DIGET .M=other missing | 16 .Q=Not asked this wave | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 138 0.No | 8996 1.Yes | 1129

S2DIGET 16 959 5970 222 11369 1106

S3DIGET 15 488 5658 151 10644 1035

S4DIGET 12

S5DIGET 12

S6DIGET 8

S7DIGET 9

S8DIGET 11

S9DIGET 10

6869 181 13033 1289

6538 102 11802 1125

6306 79 10754 1020

6777 158 12103 1082

6417 118 10954 969

6206 141 10025 835

How Constructed: RADIGET is derived by looking at all waves of data. If the respondent reports receiving approval for his/her Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security disability (SSDI) application or reapplication at any wave, RADIGET is set to yes (=1). Before Wave 5, SSDI and SSI are combined in the survey questions. From Wave 5 forward, these programs are treated separately. If the respondent reports application approval for either program, then RADIGET is set to yes.

Section E: Social Security

742

Please see the description of the RADITYPE variable under "Type of Disability". RADITYPE gives the type of disability program, with Social Security and SSI separated if the information is provided in Wave 5 or beyond. SwDIGET indicates whether the respondent's Wave 'w' spouse or partner received approval for a SSI/SSDI application. It is taken from the spouse's RADIGET if the spouse ever responds. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead respondents with no information in other waves, the values are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. In Version D, variables providing more detailed information about disability are added and the R5DSSGET and R5DSIGET variables are dropped. A wave-specific disability status variable is also added. See "SSDI/SSI Disability Episodes" and "Wave-specific Disability Status".

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security disability (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately. In Wave 1, a question asks if the respondent has ever applied for Social Security disability or SSI, and if yes, whether s/he is receiving benefits. If not, another question asks whether s/he has appealed or re-applied and if so, whether the re-application was approved. If the reapplication was approved a question asks when s/he started receiving benefits. In Waves 2H, 3H and 4, it asks if the respondent has applied for disability benefits from any government program since the last interview (or ever if it is the first interview) and if yes, asks which programs. In the answers, SSDI and SSI are treated together. If the respondent reports applying for SSDI/SSI, then the questions follow the same pattern as in Wave 1. From Wave 5 forward, the question wording is the same but separate questions are asked for the two programs. After Wave 1, re-interviewed respondents are asked questions about the status of previously reported SSDI/SSI benefit receipt. From Wave 4 forward, re-interviewed respondents are asked about the status of applications made but unresolved at the prior wave. If a respondent had applied for SSDI/SSI in a previous wave and the application was still pending, then he/she is asked what type of benefit was applied for and if that application was approved. From Wave 5 forward, if the prior wave application was not approved, the respondent is asked if he/she has appealed or reapplied. If an application or re-application was approved, then a question asks when the benefits started. These questions are asked before the questions about applying since last interview described above. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead respondents, the values are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4709 V4713 HRS 1994: W5278 W5282 HRS 1996: E3600 E3604 HRS 1998: F4129 F4133 F4492 F4496 HRS 2000:

J123B:AWARDED BENEFITS J123E:AWARDED BENEFITS J26b.AWARDED SSD/SSI THE J26e.AWARED SSD/SSI THEN GD26B. SS-AWARD THEN GD26E. SS-AWARD THEN GD26B. SS-AWARD THEN GD26E. SSI-AWARD THEN GJ123B.SS AWARDED BENEFITS GJ123E.SS AWARDED THEN

Section E: Social Security

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

G4390 G4403 G4413 G4423 G4459 G4463 G4477 G4481 G4865 G4869 G4884 G4888 2002: HM032 HM032Q HM033 HM033P HM040E HM040I HM041 HM041I HM648 HM648Q HM654 HM654A1 HM654B1 HM654N 2004: JM032 JM033 JM040 JM041 JM648 JM654 JMW233S JMW244S JMW248A JMW248B JMW248C JMW248D JMW248H JMW248I 2006: KM032 KM033 KM040 KM041 KM648 KM654 KMW233S KMW244S KMW248A KMW248B KMW248C KMW248D KMW248H KMW248I 2008: LM032 LM033 LM040 LM041 LM648

GD18CA. SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED GD18DD. SSDI-AWARD THEN GD18EA. SSI APPLICATION APPROVED GD18EM. SSI-AWARD THEN GD26B.SSD 1ST APPL STATUS GD26E.SSD LAST APPLICATION STATUS GD27B. SSI-AWARD THEN GD27E. SSI-AWARD THEN GJ123B.SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS GJ123E.SSDI AWARDED THEN GJ125B.SSI AWARDED BENEFITS GJ125E.SSI AWARDED THEN HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM032Q SSDI-AWARD THEN HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033P SSI-AWARD THEN HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM040I SSDI-AWARD THEN HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM041I SSI-AWARD THEN SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS SSDI-AWARD THEN SSI AWARDED BENEFITS SSI START MONTH-1 SSI START YEAR-1 SSI-AWARD THEN HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM648 SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS HM654 SSI AWARDED BENEFITS HM654A1 SSI START MONTH-1 HM654I2 SSI STOP YEAR-1 HM040I SSDI-AWARD THEN -1 HM041I SSI-AWARD THEN -1 HM032Q SSDI-AWARD THEN -2 HM033P SSI-AWARD THEN -2 HM648Q SSDI-AWARD THEN-1 HM654N SSI-AWARD THEN HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM648 SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS HM654 SSI AWARDED BENEFITS HM654A1 SSI START MONTH-1 HM654I2 SSI STOP YEAR-1 HM040I SSDI-AWARD THEN -1 HM041I SSI-AWARD THEN -1 HM032Q SSDI-AWARD THEN -2 HM033P SSI-AWARD THEN -2 HM648Q SSDI-AWARD THEN-1 HM654N SSI-AWARD THEN HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM648 SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS

743

Section E: Social Security

LM654 LMW233S LMW244S LMW248A LMW248B LMW248C LMW248D LMW248H LMW248I

HM654 SSI AWARDED BENEFITS HM654A1 SSI START MONTH-1 HM654I2 SSI STOP YEAR-1 HM040I SSDI-AWARD THEN -1 HM041I SSI-AWARD THEN -1 HM032Q SSDI-AWARD THEN -2 HM033P SSI-AWARD THEN -2 HM648Q SSDI-AWARD THEN-1 HM654N SSI-AWARD THEN

744

Section E: Social Security

745

Month and year started receiving SSI or SSDI benefits File Variable

Label

Type

1

RADIGETM

RADIGETM: Month get SSDI/SSI

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIGETM S2DIGETM S3DIGETM S4DIGETM S5DIGETM S6DIGETM S7DIGETM S8DIGETM S9DIGETM

S1DIGETM: S2DIGETM: S3DIGETM: S4DIGETM: S5DIGETM: S6DIGETM: S7DIGETM: S8DIGETM: S9DIGETM:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

RADIGETY

RADIGETY: Year get SSDI/SSI

Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DIGETY S2DIGETY S3DIGETY S4DIGETY S5DIGETY S6DIGETY S7DIGETY S8DIGETY S9DIGETY

S1DIGETY: S2DIGETY: S3DIGETY: S4DIGETY: S5DIGETY: S6DIGETY: S7DIGETY: S8DIGETY: S9DIGETY:

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month

Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year

get get get get get get get get get

get get get get get get get get get

SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI

SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI SSDI/SSI

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

RADIGETM

2108

6.086

3.518

1.000

12.000

S1DIGETM S2DIGETM S3DIGETM S4DIGETM S5DIGETM S6DIGETM S7DIGETM S8DIGETM S9DIGETM

902 883 828 1033 889 797 786 698 598

6.430 6.356 6.411 6.378 6.359 6.384 6.338 6.403 6.355

3.440 3.427 3.437 3.497 3.478 3.441 3.472 3.486 3.435

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

RADIGETY

2641

1991.610

9.796

1940.000

2008.000

S1DIGETY S2DIGETY S3DIGETY S4DIGETY S5DIGETY S6DIGETY S7DIGETY S8DIGETY S9DIGETY

1076 1031 967 1201 1052 946 998 894 767

1991.494 1991.108 1991.427 1992.301 1992.717 1993.336 1994.645 1994.971 1995.287

8.357 9.123 9.121 9.342 9.160 9.089 8.740 8.778 8.664

1940.000 1940.000 1940.000 1940.000 1940.000 1940.000 1965.000 1965.000 1966.000

2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000

How Constructed:

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

Section E: Social Security

746

RADIGETM and RADIGETY are the month and year the respondent receives disability benefits. They are taken from the first interview at which the respondent reports receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security disability (SSDI). Before Wave 5, SSDI and SSI are combined in the survey questions. From Wave 5 forward, these programs are treated separately. If the respondent reports receiving benefits from either program, then the earliest of these reported benefit start months is used in deriving RADIGETM and RADIGETY. From Wave 5 forward the respondent can report application approval but also give "not yet receiving benefits" for the benefit start month. In these cases, the month and year are set to special missing code (.N). Please see the description of the RADITYPE variable under "Type of Disability". RADITYPE gives the type of disability program, with Social Security and SSI separated if the information is provided in Wave 5 or beyond. SwDIGETM and SwDIGETY give the first month and year that the respondent's Wave 'w' spouse or partner received SSI/Social Security DI benefits. It is taken from the spouse's RADIGETM and RADIGETY if the spouse ever responds. If RADIGET is missing, then RADIGETM and RADIGETY are set to the special missing value .S, for skipped. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead respondents with no information in other waves, the values are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. In Version D, variables providing more detailed information about disability are added and the R5DSSGEM, R5DSSGEY, R5DSIGEM, and R5DSIGEY variables are dropped. A wave-specific disability status variable is also added. See "SSDI/SSI Disability Episodes" and "Wave-specific Disability Status".

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security disability (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately. In Wave 1, a question asks if the respondent has ever applied for Social Security disability or SSI, and if yes, whether he/she is receiving benefits. If not, another question asks whether he/she has appealed or re-applied and if so, whether the re-application was approved. If either the initial or reapplication was approved, then the respondent is asked when he/she started receiving benefits. In Waves 2H, 3H and 4, it asks if the respondent has applied for disability benefits from any government program since the last interview (or ever if it is the first interview) and if yes, asks which programs. In the answers, SSDI and SSI are given the same code. If the respondent reports applying for SSDI/SSI, then the questions follow the same pattern as in Wave 1. From Wave 5 forward, the question wording is the same but separate questions are asked for the two programs. Sets of questions following the same pattern as in Wave 1 are then asked for SSDI and SSI separately. After Wave 1, re-interviewed respondents are asked questions about the status of previously reported SSDI/SSI benefit receipt. From Wave 4 forward, re-interviewed respondents are asked about the status of applications made but unresolved at the prior wave. If a respondent had applied for SSDI/SSI in a previous wave and the application was still pending, then he/she is asked what type of benefit was applied for and if that application was approved. From Wave 5 forward, if the prior wave application was not approved, the respondent is asked if he/she has appealed or reapplied. In all these waves, if an application, or re-application, was approved, then a question asks when the benefits started. These questions are asked before the questions about applying since last interview described above.

Section E: Social Security

A new code in the benefit start month appears in Wave 5. The new code indicates that the respondent is "not yet receiving benefits" though the application or reapplication has been approved. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4714 V4715 HRS 1994: W5283 W5284 HRS 1996: E3605 E3606 HRS 1998: F4134 F4135 F4497 F4498 HRS 2000: G4391 G4392 G4404 G4405 G4424 G4425 G4464 G4465 G4482 G4483 G4870 G4871 G4889 G4890 HRS 2002: HM032A1 HM032A2 HM032B1 HM032B2 HM033A2 HM033B2 HM040J HM040K HM041J HM041K HRS 2004: JMW233C JMW233D JMW233I JMW233J JMW234C JMW234D JMW234I JMW234J HRS 2006: KMW233C KMW233D KMW233I KMW233J

J123F:MO STRTD RECV BEN J123F:YR STRTD RECV BEN J26f.SSD/SSI START RECEI J26f1.SSD/SSI START RECE GD26F. SS RECEIVE-MONTH GD26F1. SS RECEIVE-YR GD26F. SS RECEIVE-MONTH GD26F1. SS RECEIVE-YR GJ123F.SS AWARDED - MONTH GJ123F1.SS AWARDED - YEAR GD18CB. SSDI START-MONTH GD18CC. SSDI START-YEAR GD18DE. SSDI START-MONTH GD18DF. SSDI START-YEAR GD18EN. SSI START-MONTH GD18EP. SSI START-YEAR GD26F.SSD LAST APP BENEFITS START-MO GD26F1.SSD LAST APP BENEFITS START-YR GD27F. SSI RECEIVE-MONTH GD27F1. SSI RECEIVE-YR GJ123F1.SSDI AWARDED - YEAR GJ123F2.SSDI AWARDED - MONTH GJ125F1.SSI AWARDED - YEAR GJ125F2.SSI AWARDED - MONTH HM032A1 SSDI START-MO HM032A2 SSDI START-MO HM032B1 SSDI START-YR HM032B2 SSDI START-YR HM033A2 SSI START-MO HM033B2 SSI START-YR HM040J SSDI START-MO HM040K SSDI START-YR HM041J SSI START-MO HM041K SSI START-YR HM032A2 SSDI START-MO -2 HM033A2 SSI START-MO -2 HM040J SSDI START-MO -3 SSI START-MO -3 HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM041K SSI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 SSI START-YR -3 HM032A2 SSDI START-MO -2 HM033A2 SSI START-MO -2 HM040J SSDI START-MO -3 SSI START-MO -3

747

Section E: Social Security

KMW234C KMW234D KMW234I KMW234J HRS 2008: LMW233C LMW233D LMW233I LMW233J LMW234C LMW234D LMW234I LMW234J

HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM041K SSI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 SSI START-YR -3 HM032A2 SSDI START-MO -2 HM033A2 SSI START-MO -2 HM040J SSDI START-MO -3 SSI START-MO -3 HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM041K SSI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 SSI START-YR -3

748

Section E: Social Security

749

Matching SSDI in Disability and Income Sections File Variable

Label

Type

1

RADISABF

RADISABF: Does SSDI in Disability and Income match?

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DISABF S2DISABF S3DISABF S4DISABF S5DISABF S6DISABF S7DISABF S8DISABF S9DISABF

S1DISABF: S2DISABF: S3DISABF: S4DISABF: S5DISABF: S6DISABF: S7DISABF: S8DISABF: S9DISABF:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Does Does Does Does Does Does Does Does Does

SSDI SSDI SSDI SSDI SSDI SSDI SSDI SSDI SSDI

in in in in in in in in in

Disability Disability Disability Disability Disability Disability Disability Disability Disability

and and and and and and and and and

Income Income Income Income Income Income Income Income Income

match? match? match? match? match? match? match? match? match?

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RADISABF

30548

0.322

1.439

0.000

10.000

S1DISABF S2DISABF S3DISABF S4DISABF S5DISABF S6DISABF S7DISABF S8DISABF S9DISABF

10279 13608 12269 14453 13007 11824 13307 12000 10953

0.328 0.273 0.281 0.297 0.289 0.271 0.245 0.235 0.221

1.426 1.320 1.347 1.419 1.409 1.372 1.327 1.306 1.271

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|RADISABF 0.Disability and Income agree | 28874 1.D=No,I=Yes:W1/W2: Separate q| 134 2.D=No,I=Yes:Still receiving b| 80 3.D=No,I=Yes:R is imputed to r| 5 4.D=No,I=Yes:Stop date without| 12 5.D=Yes,I=No:W1/W2:Separate qu| 513 6.D=Yes,I=No:W1-W4:SSDI/SSI re| 274 7.D=Yes,I=No:SSDI chgd to reti| 272 8.D=Yes,I=No:SSDI receipt was | 177 9.D=Yes,I=No:SSDI with no recv| 122 10.D=Yes,I=No:Denies SSDI owne| 85 Value-------------------------|S1DISABF S2DISABF S3DISABF S4DISABF S5DISABF S6DISABF S7DISABF S8DISABF S9DISABF .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 64 64 62 34 37 45 52 58 0.Disability and Income agree | 9636 12943 11661 13754 12401 11309 12802 11566 10580 1.D=No,I=Yes:W1/W2: Separate q| 83 69 58 52 42 35 31 33 30 2.D=No,I=Yes:Still receiving b| 55 49 45 39 37 33 31 22 20 3.D=No,I=Yes:R is imputed to r| 4 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 4.D=No,I=Yes:Stop date without| 9 9 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 5.D=Yes,I=No:W1/W2:Separate qu| 273 226 202 180 160 140 127 103 88 6.D=Yes,I=No:W1-W4:SSDI/SSI re| 36 64 63 80 53 39 31 25 19 7.D=Yes,I=No:SSDI chgd to reti| 30 94 87 138 112 84 68 55 40 8.D=Yes,I=No:SSDI receipt was | 82 85 75 90 88 81 91 84 73 9.D=Yes,I=No:SSDI with no recv| 22 22 22 55 50 46 68 61 58 10.D=Yes,I=No:Denies SSDI owne| 49 45 47 57 55 49 50 44 38

Section E: Social Security

750

How Constructed: We have noticed that if a respondent reports receiving Social Security disability (SSDI) in the Disability section, they sometimes do not report receiving Social Security disability (SSDI) in the Income and Assets section. Similarly, sometimes R reports receiving Social Security disability (SSDI) in the Income and Assets section but not in the Disability section. RADISABF is derived to document and explain these differences. RADISABF=0 if there are no differences between the Disability and Income and Assets section. If R reports receiving Social Security disability (SSDI) in the Income and Assets section but does not report receiving SSDI in the Disability section, RADISABF can be 1, 2, 3 or 4. RADISABF=1 means that this difference occurred in Wave 1 or Wave 2. In and Assets questionnaire, there were specific questions that asked the “Was (your/his/her) check retirement, disability, survivor's benefits, what?”. So these are the cases where R reports disability here but not

these waves, in the Income type of benefits R received other dependent benefits, or in the Disability section.

RADISABF=2 means that R answered the “Are you still receiving SSDI ?” question in the disability section without ever reporting an initial application or receipt of benefits. We would miss this disability episode in RADIGET but would pick this up when creating the Income and Assets disability variables. RADISABF=3 is when R is imputed to receive SSDI in the Income and Assets section. We do not impute any values in the Disability section. RADISABF=4 is when R is asked if they are still receiving SSDI, says no and gives a stop date. But they do not have any initial application or receipt data. This will show up as SSDI in the Income and Assets section but not in the Disability section. R must report an initial receipt of SSDI to be included in RADIGET. If R reports receiving Social Security disability (SSDI) in the Disability section but does not report receiving SSDI in the Income and Assets section, RADISABF can be 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10. RADISABF=5 means that this difference occurred in Wave 1 or Wave 2. In and Assets questionnaire, there were specific questions that asked the “Was (your/his/her) check retirement, disability, survivor's benefits, what?”. So these are the cases where R does not report disability here Disability section.

these waves, in the Income type of benefits R received other dependent benefits, or but does report it in the

RADISABF=6 means that this difference occurred in Wave 1 - Wave 4. Before Wave 5, SSDI and SSI are combined in the Disability survey questions and so these are the cases where R reports disability benefits in the Disability section and reports SSI in the Income and Assets section. RADISABF=7 is when R reports SSDI in both sections but has reached retirement age and so we change their SSDI in the Income and Assets sections to Social Security. RADISABF=8 means that the SSDI episode did not occur in the last calendar year. All SSI and SSDI must be reported in the last calendar year to be included in our Income and Assets disability variables. This is because other income questions in the Income and Asset section ask about income in the last calendar year. RADISABF=9 is when R reports SSDI in the disability section but gives no start or stop dates. We will not include this in the Income and Assets disability variables because we cannot verify the SSDI occurred in the last calendar year. RADISABF=10 means that R reported SSDI in the disability section but denies SSDI ownership in Income section. SwDISABF indicates whether the respondent's Wave 'w' spouse or partner’s SSDI in the disability section matches the Income and Assets section. It is taken from the spouse's RADISABF if the spouse ever responds.

Section E: Social Security

751

In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead respondents with no information in other waves, the values are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data RADISABF is derived to document and explain conflicting SSDI reported in the Disability section and the Income and Assets section. The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security disability (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately.

HRS Variables Used HRS 2000: G4373 G4389 G4453 G4454M1 G4454M2 G4454M3 G4862 G4881 HRS 2002: HM030 HM031 HM036 HM037M1 HM037M2 HM037M3 HM645 HM651 HRS 2004: JM030 JM031 JM036 JM037M1 JM037M2 JM037M3 JM645 JM651 HRS 2006: KM030 KM031 KM036 KM037M1 KM037M2 KM037M3 KM645 KM651 HRS 2008: LM030 LM031 LM036 LM037M1 LM037M2 LM037M3 LM645 LM651

GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18C.PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI GD23. APPLY OTHER DISABILITY GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GJ123.EVER APPLY FOR SSDI GJ125.EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI

Section E: Social Security

752

Type of disability benefit (SSI or SSDI) File Variable

Label

Type

1

RADITYPE

RADITYPE: Type of DI prgrm applied

Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DITYPE S2DITYPE S3DITYPE S4DITYPE S5DITYPE S6DITYPE S7DITYPE S8DITYPE S9DITYPE

S1DITYPE: S2DITYPE: S3DITYPE: S4DITYPE: S5DITYPE: S6DITYPE: S7DITYPE: S8DITYPE: S9DITYPE:

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type

of of of of of of of of of

DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI DI

prgrm prgrm prgrm prgrm prgrm prgrm prgrm prgrm prgrm

applied applied applied applied applied applied applied applied applied

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RADITYPE

26800

0.165

0.576

0.000

3.000

S1DITYPE S2DITYPE S3DITYPE S4DITYPE S5DITYPE S6DITYPE S7DITYPE S8DITYPE S9DITYPE

9339 11749 11046 13707 12491 11424 12867 11675 10643

0.149 0.117 0.121 0.132 0.142 0.147 0.153 0.156 0.149

0.521 0.462 0.470 0.488 0.509 0.516 0.537 0.546 0.534

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|RADITYPE .A=Applied, DK which | 1574 .Q=Not asked this wave | 2174 0. Never Applied | 24211 1. SSDI | 1513 2. SSI | 315 3. Both, SSDI+SSI | 761 Value-------------------------|S1DITYPE S2DITYPE S3DITYPE S4DITYPE S5DITYPE S6DITYPE S7DITYPE S8DITYPE S9DITYPE .A=Applied, DK which | 803 742 648 627 448 358 327 259 227 .Q=Not asked this wave | 959 488 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 137 222 151 181 102 79 158 118 141 0. Never Applied | 8426 10840 10160 12489 11314 10309 11611 10523 9636 1. SSDI | 643 638 625 871 833 796 862 785 688 2. SSI | 66 81 75 97 87 75 79 66 57 3. Both, SSDI+SSI | 204 190 186 250 257 244 315 301 262

How Constructed: RADITYPE indicates the specific disability benefit program that the respondent reports in Wave 5 or beyond. It distinguishes between the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security disability (SSDI) programs. A respondent's RADITYPE can be SSDI only, SSI only, both, or neither. Before Wave 5, SSDI and SSI are combined in the survey questions. From Wave 5 forward, these programs are treated separately. If the respondent first reports an application, reapplication, or

Section E: Social Security

753

receipt for SSDI or SSI in Wave 5 or later, then RADITYPE is taken from the program type reported. If a respondent had reported application, reapplication, or receipt at the previous interview, questions ask the type of program and current status. For these cases, RADITYPE is taken from the questions asking about the type of program. If a respondent reports applying to or receiving from both programs in any wave from 5 on, RADITYPE is set to both. If a respondent reports different programs in different waves, e.g., if he/she reports SSI in Wave 5 and SSDI in Wave 6, RADITYPE is also set to both. If the type of program cannot be determined, RADITYPE is set to .A, applied but don't know which program(s). SwDITYPE indicates the type of disability benefits that the respondent's Wave 'w' spouse or partner has applied for, reapplied for, or received. It is taken from the spouse's self-reported RADITYPE if the spouse ever responds. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead respondents with no information in other waves, the values are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. In Version D, variables providing more detailed information about disability are added. A wavespecific disability status variable is also added. See "SSDI/SSI Disability Episodes" and "Wavespecific Disability Status".

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security disability (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately. After Wave 1, re-interviewed respondents are asked questions about the status of previously reported SSDI/SSI benefit receipt. From Wave 4 forward, re-interviewed respondents are asked about the status of applications made but unresolved at the prior wave. If a respondent had applied for SSDI/SSI in a previous wave and the application was still pending, then he/she is asked if that application was approved. From Wave 5 forward, s/he is first asked what type of benefit was applied for or received. Beginning in Wave 7, it is also recorded whether an SSDI benefit received has converted to Social Security. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions.

HRS Variables Used HRS 2000: G4373 G4389 G4453 G4454M1 G4454M2 G4454M3 G4862 G4881 HRS 2002: HM030 HM031 HM036 HM037M1 HM037M2 HM037M3 HM645 HM651 HRS 2004: JM030 JM031

GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18C.PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI GD23. APPLY OTHER DISABILITY GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GJ123.EVER APPLY FOR SSDI GJ125.EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI

Section E: Social Security

JM036 JM037M1 JM037M2 JM037M3 JM645 JM651 HRS 2006: KM030 KM031 KM036 KM037M1 KM037M2 KM037M3 KM645 KM651 HRS 2008: LM030 LM031 LM036 LM037M1 LM037M2 LM037M3 LM645 LM651

HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI

754

Section E: Social Security

755

SSDI, SSI Disability Episodes File Variable

Label

Type

1

RADNEPI

TOTAL NUMBER OF DISABLILITY EPISODES

Categ

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADTYPE1 RADTYPE2 RADTYPE3 RADTYPE4 RADTYPE5 RADTYPE6 RADTYPE7

RADTYPE1:E1 RADTYPE2:E2 RADTYPE3:E3 RADTYPE4:E4 RADTYPE5:E5 RADTYPE6:E6 RADTYPE7:E7

SSDI=1,SSI=2,DK SSDI=1,SSI=2,DK SSDI=1,SSI=2,DK SSDI=1,SSI=2,DK SSDI=1,SSI=2,DK SSDI=1,SSI=2,DK SSDI=1,SSI=2,DK

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADSTAT1 RADSTAT2 RADSTAT3 RADSTAT4 RADSTAT5 RADSTAT6 RADSTAT7

RADSTAT1:E1 RADSTAT2:E2 RADSTAT3:E3 RADSTAT4:E4 RADSTAT5:E5 RADSTAT6:E6 RADSTAT7:E7

EPISODE EPISODE EPISODE EPISODE EPISODE EPISODE EPISODE

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADAPPM1 RADAPPM2 RADAPPM3 RADAPPM4 RADAPPM5 RADAPPM6 RADAPPM7

RADAPPM1:E1 RADAPPM2:E2 RADAPPM3:E3 RADAPPM4:E4 RADAPPM5:E5 RADAPPM6:E6 RADAPPM7:E7

MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADAPPY1 RADAPPY2 RADAPPY3 RADAPPY4 RADAPPY5 RADAPPY6 RADAPPY7

RADAPPY1:E1 RADAPPY2:E2 RADAPPY3:E3 RADAPPY4:E4 RADAPPY5:E5 RADAPPY6:E6 RADAPPY7:E7

YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR

APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADAPPD1 RADAPPD2 RADAPPD3 RADAPPD4 RADAPPD5 RADAPPD6 RADAPPD7

RADAPPD1:E1 RADAPPD2:E2 RADAPPD3:E3 RADAPPD4:E4 RADAPPD5:E5 RADAPPD6:E6 RADAPPD7:E7

DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE

APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADREAM1 RADREAM2 RADREAM3 RADREAM4 RADREAM5 RADREAM6 RADREAM7

RADREAM1:E1 RADREAM2:E2 RADREAM3:E3 RADREAM4:E4 RADREAM5:E5 RADREAM6:E6 RADREAM7:E7

MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH

1

RADREAY1

RADREAY1:E1 YEAR REAPPLIED/APPEALED SSI/SSDI

OR OR OR OR OR OR OR

BOTH=3 BOTH=3 BOTH=3 BOTH=3 BOTH=3 BOTH=3 BOTH=3

STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS STATUS

APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED APPLIED

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Section E: Social Security

756

1 1 1 1 1 1

RADREAY2 RADREAY3 RADREAY4 RADREAY5 RADREAY6 RADREAY7

RADREAY2:E2 RADREAY3:E3 RADREAY4:E4 RADREAY5:E5 RADREAY6:E6 RADREAY7:E7

YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR

REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADREAD1 RADREAD2 RADREAD3 RADREAD4 RADREAD5 RADREAD6 RADREAD7

RADREAD1:E1 RADREAD2:E2 RADREAD3:E3 RADREAD4:E4 RADREAD5:E5 RADREAD6:E6 RADREAD7:E7

DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE

REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED REAPPLIED/APPEALED

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADRECM1 RADRECM2 RADRECM3 RADRECM4 RADRECM5 RADRECM6 RADRECM7

RADRECM1:E1 RADRECM2:E2 RADRECM3:E3 RADRECM4:E4 RADRECM5:E5 RADRECM6:E6 RADRECM7:E7

MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADRECY1 RADRECY2 RADRECY3 RADRECY4 RADRECY5 RADRECY6 RADRECY7

RADRECY1:E1 RADRECY2:E2 RADRECY3:E3 RADRECY4:E4 RADRECY5:E5 RADRECY6:E6 RADRECY7:E7

YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR

RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADRECD1 RADRECD2 RADRECD3 RADRECD4 RADRECD5 RADRECD6 RADRECD7

RADRECD1:E1 RADRECD2:E2 RADRECD3:E3 RADRECD4:E4 RADRECD5:E5 RADRECD6:E6 RADRECD7:E7

DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE

RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADENDM1 RADENDM2 RADENDM3 RADENDM4 RADENDM5 RADENDM6 RADENDM7

RADENDM1:E1 RADENDM2:E2 RADENDM3:E3 RADENDM4:E4 RADENDM5:E5 RADENDM6:E6 RADENDM7:E7

MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RADENDY1 RADENDY2 RADENDY3 RADENDY4 RADENDY5 RADENDY6 RADENDY7

RADENDY1:E1 RADENDY2:E2 RADENDY3:E3 RADENDY4:E4 RADENDY5:E5 RADENDY6:E6 RADENDY7:E7

YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 1

RADENDD1 RADENDD2

RADENDD1:E1 DATE ENDED SSI/SSDI RADENDD2:E2 DATE ENDED SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont

RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED

ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED

ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Section E: Social Security

1 1 1 1 1

RADENDD3 RADENDD4 RADENDD5 RADENDD6 RADENDD7

757

RADENDD3:E3 RADENDD4:E4 RADENDD5:E5 RADENDD6:E6 RADENDD7:E7

DATE DATE DATE DATE DATE

ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED

SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI SSI/SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

RADNEPI

30548

0.180

0.507

0.000

9.000

RADTYPE1 RADTYPE2 RADTYPE3 RADTYPE4 RADTYPE5 RADTYPE6 RADTYPE7

4205 1031 210 40 13 5 2

2.685 3.854 5.195 3.475 3.923 2.000 12.000

3.060 5.251 6.962 5.184 6.589 0.000 15.556

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 2.000 1.000

21.000 23.000 23.000 23.000 23.000 2.000 23.000

RADSTAT1 RADSTAT2 RADSTAT3 RADSTAT4 RADSTAT5 RADSTAT6 RADSTAT7

4205 1031 210 40 13 5 2

12.012 16.291 13.833 10.325 11.538 41.200 5.500

23.543 29.582 27.744 23.348 24.842 48.200 0.707

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 6.000 5.000

94.000 94.000 94.000 91.000 94.000 94.000 6.000

RADAPPM1 RADAPPM2 RADAPPM3 RADAPPM4 RADAPPM5 RADAPPM6 RADAPPM7

2885 652 127 24 6 3 2

5.774 5.804 5.984 5.833 4.333 5.333 3.000

3.515 3.463 3.572 3.239 3.777 3.786 2.828

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 9.000 8.000 5.000

RADAPPY1 RADAPPY2 RADAPPY3 RADAPPY4 RADAPPY5 RADAPPY6 RADAPPY7

3916 918 179 34 11 4 2

1991.291 1995.856 1998.084 2001.471 2002.182 2002.750 2002.000

9.601 7.637 6.478 5.148 3.488 2.754 1.414

1940.000 1957.000 1970.000 1986.000 1996.000 2000.000 2001.000

2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2007.000 2006.000 2003.000

RADAPPD1 RADAPPD2 RADAPPD3 RADAPPD4 RADAPPD5 RADAPPD6 RADAPPD7

4205 1031 210 40 13 5 2

11429.143 13120.760 14076.667 15323.175 15468.923 15692.000 15416.000

3683.753 3019.539 2533.531 1831.578 1198.973 913.669 601.041

-7415.000 -3357.000 220.000 9679.000 13316.000 14922.000 14991.000

17729.000 17729.000 17607.000 17607.000 17394.000 16998.000 15841.000

RADREAM1 RADREAM2 RADREAM3 RADREAM4 RADREAM5 RADREAM7

694 141 23 5 1 1

5.707 5.454 4.609 3.200 5.000 2.000

3.261 3.313 3.230 2.387 . .

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 5.000 2.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 7.000 5.000 2.000

RADREAY1 RADREAY2 RADREAY3

982 199 36

1992.207 1996.884 1999.556

7.380 6.473 6.708

1958.000 1968.000 1977.000

2008.000 2008.000 2008.000

Section E: Social Security

758

RADREAY4 RADREAY5 RADREAY7

6 1 1

2004.833 2007.000 2004.000

2.483 . .

2000.000 2007.000 2004.000

2007.000 2007.000 2004.000

RADREAD1 RADREAD2 RADREAD3 RADREAD4 RADREAD5 RADREAD7

1014 196 32 6 1 1

11761.506 13388.046 14174.000 16473.833 17302.000 16116.000

2640.257 2292.314 2476.441 950.056 . .

-715.000 3060.000 6392.000 14625.000 17302.000 16116.000

17729.000 17638.000 17715.000 17363.000 17302.000 16116.000

RADRECM1 RADRECM2 RADRECM3 RADRECM4 RADRECM5 RADRECM6 RADRECM7

1876 358 77 7 2 2 1

6.096 5.953 6.260 5.857 8.500 9.000 10.000

3.520 3.671 3.816 3.805 2.121 1.414 .

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 7.000 8.000 10.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000

RADRECY1 RADRECY2 RADRECY3 RADRECY4 RADRECY5 RADRECY6 RADRECY7

2334 433 87 11 4 2 1

1990.786 1994.723 1997.241 1999.818 1992.750 2000.000 1996.000

9.903 8.235 6.803 9.304 12.420 5.657 .

1940.000 1958.000 1971.000 1975.000 1975.000 1996.000 1996.000

2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2008.000 2004.000 2004.000 1996.000

RADRECD1 RADRECD2 RADRECD3 RADRECD4 RADRECD5 RADRECD6 RADRECD7

2759 586 108 13 5 2 1

11613.002 13118.538 13914.491 14760.308 13064.200 14872.500 13438.000

3537.035 2777.540 2344.138 3090.175 4414.261 2028.689 .

-7032.000 -656.000 4033.000 5661.000 5661.000 13438.000 13438.000

17791.000 17668.000 17607.000 17821.000 16713.000 16307.000 13438.000

RADENDM1 RADENDM2 RADENDM3 RADENDM4

494 89 17 2

6.032 6.494 6.588 6.500

3.582 3.681 3.675 4.950

1.000 1.000 1.000 3.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 10.000

RADENDY1 RADENDY2 RADENDY3 RADENDY4 RADENDY5

552 115 22 2 1

1994.826 2000.130 2001.727 2007.000 2004.000

9.637 4.900 3.869 0.000 .

1918.000 1978.000 1992.000 2007.000 2004.000

2008.000 2008.000 2007.000 2007.000 2004.000

RADENDD1 RADENDD2 RADENDD3 RADENDD4 RADENDD5 RADENDD7

699 144 27 3 2 1

12841.099 14774.896 15296.704 16716.667 15572.500 15013.000

3432.327 1677.920 1403.165 1098.724 1092.480 .

-15113.000 6848.000 11871.000 15454.000 14800.000 15013.000

17729.000 17676.000 17486.000 17455.000 16345.000 15013.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| RADNEPI 0.None | 26343 1 | 3174 2 | 821 3 | 170 4 | 27 5 | 8 6 | 3

Section E: Social Security

7 9

759

| |

1 1

Value-------------------------|RADTYPE1 RADTYPE2 RADTYPE3 RADTYPE4 RADTYPE5 RADTYPE6 RADTYPE7 1.SSDI | 1629 287 70 8 7 1 2.SSI | 289 371 72 25 4 5 3.SSDI and/or SSI-DK which | 2120 238 21 3 12.Applied SSDI => SSI | 87 21 3 13.Applied SSDI => Both | 60 23 2 1 21.Applied SSI => SSDI | 80 22 2 23.Applied SSI => Both | 32 19 2 1 1 Value-------------------------|RADSTAT1 RADSTAT2 RADSTAT3 RADSTAT4 RADSTAT5 RADSTAT6 RADSTAT7 1.Applied | 269 136 44 11 2 2.Reapplied/Appealed | 23 9 2 1 4.Receiving Benefits | 1787 357 65 10 2 5.Stopped receiving benefits | 683 133 27 3 2 1 6.Not Awarded Benefits | 927 178 46 12 6 3 1 7.Rejected | 124 70 2 61.Stop recv from apply | 1 5 62.Stop recv from appeal | 1 2 66.Stop recv from not award | 19 10 74.Receives then denies | 139 14 3 91.Beg new/no end prv apply | 78 42 8 3 92.Beg new/no end prv appeal | 18 3 94.Beg new/no end prv recv | 136 72 13 1 2

How Constructed: These variables present information about multiple Social Security (SSDI) and SSI disability applications and receipt from all waves of data. A person may apply for SSDI or SSI or both multiple times. Each application process is considered a new episode. Except for RADNEPI, these variables have suffixes ranging from 1 to 7 (7 is the maximum number of episodes observed, but 10 are possible), which indicate to which episode the information applies. For example RADSTAT2 gives the status of episode 2 or the second application seen in the data, and RADAPPY2 gives the year that application was made. RADNEPI counts the number of episodes observed. RADTYPEn indicates whether episode 'n' involves SSDI or SSI. If the program type is ambiguous, RADTYPEn is given a value of 3, "SSDI and/or SSI-DK which." In these cases it may be that the episode involves either or both programs. Before Wave 5, Social Security disability and SSI are combined in the survey questions. From Wave 5 forward, these programs are treated separately. If an episode is active at Wave 5 or beyond, the type of application may be determined. However, after Wave 5, a respondent may inconsistently report the program from which he/she receives benefits. For instance, he/she may report receiving benefits from SSDI in Wave 5, then report that he/she continues to receive benefits but from SSI in Wave 6. In these cases, RADTYPEn is set to indicate the ambiguity. RADSTATn indicates the status of episode 'n'. Expected statuses are: applied, re-applied or appealed, not awarded, receiving, and stopped receiving. Normally the status of an episode will be receiving, stopped receiving, or not awarded. If the status is applied or re-applied/appealed, the respondent has not yet reported whether the benefits will be awarded. An episode is considered active if the status is any status except "stopped receiving." Because of the ambiguity of the question in early waves, "not awarded" does not necessarily mean rejected. Information in subsequent waves may inform this status. If a respondent denies receiving benefits and the status at the previous interview indicates the respondent had not reported receiving benefits, we assume the application was rejected (RADSTATn=7). Similarly if the respondent states he/she does not receive benefits but had not previously reported being awarded them, it is assumed that the application was rejected, but with a different status, as there is the possibility benefits were received for a short time (RADSTATn=61, 62, 66). If a respondent denies receiving benefits, and had previously reported that benefits had stopped, the denial confirms the prior situation and the status remains as is. However, if the stop is reported without having ever reported receiving, it is assumed that the application was rejected, i.e., that benefits were never received.

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In some cases an episode is unresolved, i.e., there is an active episode, but the thread is dropped. That is, either no information about whether the respondent is still receiving benefits is given and a new application is begun or a respondent indicates having active episodes for both programs but at the next wave indicates only one. These episodes are given an illogical ending status that indicates what the status was when the thread was dropped (RADSTATn=91, 92, 94). In some cases it is possible that the appropriate follow-up questions at the next interview are not asked and the episode is thus left somewhat in limbo. These episodes may appear as still active since no further activity is observed. In particular, it is likely that most episodes with a "not awarded" status are rejected applications. Dates of application, appeal or re-application, receipt, and end of benefits are provided as month and year, and as SAS dates. The month and year variables are set to the values as reported in the raw data, with missing codes recoded to SAS special missings (.D, .R, .M). The SAS date reflects the given month, if not missing, but is logically imputed if the month or year is missing. As the data are processed, lower and upper bounds for the period when an event may have occurred are kept. For example, if the receive month is missing but an application month is not, the lower bound would be the application month and the upper bound the interview date. The SAS date is the midpoint between the lower and upper bounds. In some cases the specific months given indicate an illogical order of events, e.g., application after the benefits begin. We do not attempt to "correct" these illogical sequences. There are about 150 of these among all episodes. RADAPPMn and RADAPPYn are the month and year of application for episode 'n'. RADAPPDn is the imputed SAS date for the application. RADREAMn and RADREAYn are the month and year of appeal or re-application for episode 'n'. RADREADn is the imputed SAS date for the appeal or re-application. RADRECMn and RADRECYn are the month and year when benefits begin for episode 'n'. RADRECDn is the imputed SAS date for first receipt of benefits. RADENDMn and RADENDYn are the month and year when benefits stop for episode 'n'. RADENDDn is the imputed SAS date for when benefits stop. Spouse variables are not included. There are many variables and relatively few couples both have any data. We also do not include the lower and upper bound variables. If you have a need for spouse versions of these variables or for the lower and upper bound dates, please contact us. See the introduction section "Social Security and SSI Disability Episodes" for further descriptions of how these variables are derived.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security disability (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately. The general sequence of questions asks whether the respondent has applied for SSDI/SSI, and if so, when he/she first applied, and whether the application was approved. If the application was not approved, questions ask if the respondent appealed or re-applied, and if so, when and whether this was approved. If either the initial or re-application was approved, questions ask when the respondent started receiving benefits, whether they are still receiving benefits, and if not when the benefits stopped. Dates are collected as month and year. There are variations on this sequence over time, and the sequence can occur across interviews. For example, a respondent could apply between Waves 2 and 3, be approved and begin receiving benefits between Waves 3 and 4, and stop receiving benefits between Waves 5 and 6. In Waves 2A and 3A, questions about disability benefits were not asked due to the older ages of the Ahead entry cohort. In other waves there are variations on the general sequence of questions. In Wave 1, the question asks SSI. In Waves 2H, 3H and 4, government program since the which programs with SSDI and applications to SSDI and SSI

if the respondent has ever applied for Social Security disability or it asks if the respondent has applied for disability benefits from any last interview (or ever if it is the first interview) and if yes, asks SSI presented as one choice. In Wave 5, the wording is the same but are separate choices. Beginning in Wave 6, SSDI and SSI are presented

Section E: Social Security

as one choice but if indicated, a follow-up question asks which program. respondent may report applying to one or the other or both.

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From Wave 5 forward, a

If the respondent applied, the first month of application is asked. From Wave 2 forward, if that month is before the prior interview, the respondent is asked for the first month of application since the last interview. If no application was made since the last interview, the rest of the sequence of questions is skipped. If the respondent has applied or re-applied for SSDI/SSI, a question asks about the status of the application. In Waves 1, 2, and 3H, the wording of this question is: "Were you awarded benefits then?" From Wave 4 forward the wording is more specific for new applications: "Was your application accepted, rejected, or is it still being considered?" For those who had applied in a prior wave, but hadn't heard, the question first states that according to the records, the respondent had applied, then asks "Was your [SSDI/SSI] application approved?" Those who apply for SSDI/SSI at one wave and haven't stopped receiving benefits can be asked questions at the subsequent interview. In Waves 2H and 3H it appears that everyone who applied for SSDI/SSI at the previous interview is asked if they are still receiving them, whether or not benefits were awarded at that earlier time. From Wave 4 forward, questions on whether R is still receiving benefits are asked only of those who have a preload value indicating that they were receiving benefits at the previous interview. From Wave 3H forward, the respondent may deny receiving benefits at the previous interview. From Wave 5 forward, if preload values indicate that the respondent was receiving benefits at the prior interview, the type of program is collected, and then questions ask if the respondent is still receiving. In Wave 5 only, the month first received is also collected regardless of whether the respondent is still receiving benefits or not. Beginning in Wave 7, the type of program also includes SSDI benefits that have converted to Social Security and the survey asks the month and year the SSDI benefits stopped. Beginning in Wave 3H, someone who applies for SSDI/SSI may indicate that they haven't yet heard whether benefits will be awarded. Beginning in Wave 4, questions are included for those with a preload indicating this situation that ask whether the pending application was approved. However in Wave 4, these questions were inadvertently skipped for all cases. From Wave 5 forward, the respondent is first asked which program SSDI or SSI, and then is asked about each program separately. The question sequence asks if the application was approved, and then continues in the usual way. Note that someone continuing to receive benefits may also report a new application.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V2713 V2714 V4127 V4128 V4129 V4130 V4131 V4132 V4706 V4707 V4708 V4709 V4710 V4711 V4712 V4713 V4714 V4715 V4719 V4720

F1d:MO BECAME DISABLED F1d:YR BECAME DISABLED J23:NONE:1ST BOTHERED-MO J23:NONE:1ST BOTHERED-YR J24:NONE:1ST INTERFER-MO J24:NONE:1ST INTERFER-YR J25:NONE:PREVENTD WRK-MO J25:NONE:PREVENTD WRK-YR J123:EVR APPLD DISAB BEN J123A:MO 1ST APPLIED J123A:YR 1ST APPLIED J123B:AWARDED BENEFITS J123C:APPEAL/APPLY AGAIN J123D:MO LST APPLIED J123D:YR LAST APPLIED J123E:AWARDED BENEFITS J123F:MO STRTD RECV BEN J123F:YR STRTD RECV BEN J123J:STLL RECVNG BENFTS J123K:MO BENFST STOPED

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V4721 HRS 1994: W3312 W3313 W5220 W5221 W5222 W5223 W5224 W5225 W5259 W5260 W5261 W5268 W5269 W5270 W5271 W5274 W5275 W5276 W5277 W5278 W5279 W5280 W5281 W5282 W5283 W5284 W5288 W5289 W5290 HRS 1996: E2619 E2620 E3523 E3524 E3526 E3527 E3528 E3529 E3580 E3581 E3582 E3589 E3595M1 E3595M2 E3595M3 E3596 E3597 E3598 E3599 E3600 E3601 E3602 E3603 E3604 E3605 E3606 E3614 E3615 E3616 HRS 1998: F3123

J123K:YR BENEFITS STOPED FA1f.DISABLED-MONTH FA1f.DISABLED-YEAR J3.IMPAIRMENT FIRST BEGI J3a.IMPAIRMENT FIRST BEG J4.INTERFERE W/ WORK-MON J4a.INTERFERE W/ WORK-YE J6.PREVENT WORK-MONTH J6a.PREVENT WORK-YEAR J18.STILL RECEIVING SSD/ J18a.SSD/SSI STOP-MONTH J18b.SSD/SSI STOP-YEAR J23.APPLY FOR OTHER DISA J24.DISABILITY PROGRAM J24.DISABILITY PROGRAM J24.DISABILITY PROGRAM J26a.SSD/SSI APPLY-MONTH J26a1.SSD/SSI APPLY-YEAR J26a2.FIRST APPLY-MONTH J26a3.FIRST APPLY-YEAR J26b.AWARDED SSD/SSI THE J26c.APPEAL/APPLY LATER J26d.SSD/SSI LAST APPLYJ26d1.SSD/SSI LAST APPLY J26e.AWARED SSD/SSI THEN J26f.SSD/SSI START RECEI J26f1.SSD/SSI START RECE J26j.SSD/SSI STILL RECEI J26k.SSD/SSI STOP-MONTH J26k1.SSD/SSI STOP-YEAR G1F.DISABLED-MONTH G1G.DISABLED-YEAR GD3. FIRST BEGIN-YR GD3A. FIRST BEGIN-MONTH GD4.INTERFERE-YR GD4A. INTERFERE-MONTH GD6. PREVENT WORK-YR GD6A. PREVENT WORK-MONTH GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18A. SS STOP-MONTH GD18B. SS STOP-YR GD23. APPLY OTHER DISABILITY GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD26A. SS APPLY-MONTH GD26A1. SS APPLY-YR GD26A2. CHECK MONTH GD26A3. CHECK YR GD26B. SS-AWARD THEN GD26C. SS-APPLY AGAIN GD26D. SS-LAST APPLY MONTH GD26D1. SS-LAST APPLY YR GD26E. SS-AWARD THEN GD26F. SS RECEIVE-MONTH GD26F1. SS RECEIVE-YR GD26J. SS-STILL RECEIVING GD26K. SS STOP-MONTH GD26K1. SS STOP-YR G1F.DISABLED-MONTH

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F3124 F4033 F4034 F4036 F4037 F4038 F4039 F4088 F4088 F4089 F4090 F4091 F4092 F4093 F4097 F4098 F4099 F4123 F4124M1 F4124M2 F4124M3 F4125 F4126 F4127 F4128 F4129 F4130 F4131 F4132 F4133 F4134 F4135 F4139 F4140 F4141 F4489 F4490 F4491 F4492 F4493 F4494 F4495 F4496 F4497 F4498 F4502 F4503 F4504 HRS 2000: G3373 G3374 G4321 G4322 G4324 G4325 G4326 G4327 G4373 G4374 G4377 G4378 G4381 G4382

G1G.DISABLED-YEAR GD3. FIRST BEGIN-YR GD3A. FIRST BEGIN-MONTH GD4.INTERFERE-YR GD4A. INTERFERE-MONTH GD6. PREVENT WORK-YR GD6A. PREVENT WORK-MONTH GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18A. SS STOP-MONTH GD18B. SS STOP-YR GD18C.PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI GD18D. MONTH START RECEIVING BENEFITS GD18D.1.YEAR START RECEIVING BENEFITS GD18G.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GD18H. MONTH STOPPED RECEIVING BENEFITS GD18H.1.YEAR STOPPED RECEIVING BENEFITS GD23. APPLY OTHER DISABILITY GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD26A. SS APPLY-MONTH GD26A1. SS APPLY-YR GD26A2. CHECK MONTH GD26A3. CHECK YR GD26B. SS-AWARD THEN GD26C. SS-APPLY AGAIN GD26D. SS-LAST APPLY MONTH GD26D1. SS-LAST APPLY YR GD26E. SSI-AWARD THEN GD26F. SS RECEIVE-MONTH GD26F1. SS RECEIVE-YR GD26J. SS-STILL RECEIVING GD26K. SS STOP-MONTH GD26K1. SS STOP-YR GJ123.EVER APPLY FOR SSD OR SSI GJ123A.FIRST APPLIED SS - MONTH GJ123A1.FIRST APPLIED SS - YEAR GJ123B.SS AWARDED BENEFITS GJ123C.SS APPEALED OR APPLY AGAIN GJ123D.SS APPEALED - MONTH GJ123D1.SS APPEALED - YEAR GJ123E.SS AWARDED THEN GJ123F.SS AWARDED - MONTH GJ123F1.SS AWARDED - YEAR GJ123J.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GJ123K.BENEFITS STOPPED - MONTH GJ123K1.BENEFITS STOPPED - YEAR G1F.DISABLED-MONTH G1G.DISABLED-YEAR GD3. FIRST BEGIN-YR GD3A. FIRST BEGIN-MONTH GD4.INTERFERE-YR GD4A. INTERFERE-MONTH GD6. PREVENT WORK-YR GD6A. PREVENT WORK-MONTH GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18AA. REC`D SSDI BENEFITS GD18AC. SSDI START-MONTH GD18AD. SSDI START-YEAR GD18AE. SSDI STOP-MONTH GD18AF. SSDI STOP-YR

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G4383 G4385 G4386 G4387 G4388 G4389 G4390 G4391 G4392 G4396 G4398 G4399 G4400 G4401 G4402 G4403 G4404 G4405 G4409 G4411 G4412 G4413 G4414 G4415 G4416 G4418 G4419 G4420 G4421 G4422 G4423 G4424 G4425 G4426 G4428 G4429 G4453 G4454M1 G4454M2 G4454M3 G4455 G4456 G4457 G4458 G4459 G4460 G4461 G4462 G4463 G4464 G4465 G4466 G4471 G4472 G4473 G4474 G4475 G4476 G4477 G4478 G4479 G4480 G4481

GD18BA. REC`D SSI BENEFITS GD18BC. SSI START-MONTH GD18BD. SSI START-YEAR GD18BE. SSI STOP-MONTH GD18BF. SSI STOP-YR GD18C.PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI GD18CA. SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED GD18CB. SSDI START-MONTH GD18CC. SSDI START-YEAR GD18CG.STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS GD18CJ. SSDI STOP-MONTH GD18CK. SSDI STOP-YR GD18DA. SSDI-APPLY AGAIN GD18DB. SSDI-LAST APPLY MONTH GD18DC. SSDI-LAST APPLY YR GD18DD. SSDI-AWARD THEN GD18DE. SSDI START-MONTH GD18DF. SSDI START-YEAR GD18DK.STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS GD18DN. SSDI STOP-MONTH GD18DP. SSDI STOP-YR GD18EA. SSI APPLICATION APPROVED GD18EB. SSI START-MONTH GD18EC. SSI START-YEAR GD18ED.STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS GD18EF. SSI STOP-MONTH GD18EG. SSI STOP-YR GD18EH. SSI-APPLY AGAIN GD18EJ. SSI-LAST APPLY MONTH GD18EK. SSI-LAST APPLY YR GD18EM. SSI-AWARD THEN GD18EN. SSI START-MONTH GD18EP. SSI START-YEAR GD18EQ.STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS GD18ES. SSI STOP-MONTH GD18ET. SSI STOP-YR GD23. APPLY OTHER DISABILITY GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD26A.SSD APPLY-MO GD26A1. SSD APPLY-YR GD26A2.SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO GD26A3.SSD APPL SINCE PREV WAVE-YR GD26B.SSD 1ST APPL STATUS GD26C.SSD WHETHER APPLIED AGAIN GD26D.SSD LAST APPLICATION-MO GD26D1.SSD LAST APPLICATION-YR GD26E.SSD LAST APPLICATION STATUS GD26F.SSD LAST APP BENEFITS START-MO GD26F1.SSD LAST APP BENEFITS START-YR GD26G.SSD-STILL RECEIVING GD26M.SSD BENEFITS STOP-MO GD26M1.SSD BENEFITS STOP-YR GD27A. SSI APPLY-MONTH GD27A1. SSI APPLY-YR GD27A2. SSI APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO GD27A3. SSI APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR GD27B. SSI-AWARD THEN GD27C. SSI-APPLY AGAIN GD27D. SSI-LAST APPLY MONTH GD27D1. SSI-LAST APPLY YR GD27E. SSI-AWARD THEN

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G4482 G4483 G4484 G4489 G4490 G4862 G4863 G4864 G4865 G4866 G4867 G4868 G4869 G4870 G4871 G4875 G4877 G4878 G4881 G4882 G4883 G4884 G4885 G4886 G4887 G4888 G4889 G4890 G4894 G4896 G4897 HRS 2002: HJ014 HJ015 HM009 HM010 HM014 HM015 HM016 HM017 HM030 HM030F1 HM030F2 HM030K1 HM030K2 HM030L1 HM030L2 HM031 HM032 HM032A1 HM032A1 HM032A2 HM032A2 HM032B1 HM032B1 HM032B2 HM032B2 HM032F1 HM032F2 HM032K1 HM032K2 HM032L1 HM032L2

GD27F. SSI RECEIVE-MONTH GD27F1. SSI RECEIVE-YR GD27G. SSI-STILL RECEIVING GD27J. SSI STOP-MONTH GD27J1. SSI STOP-YR GJ123.EVER APPLY FOR SSDI GJ123A.FIRST APPLIED SSDI - YEAR GJ123A2.FIRST APPLIED SSDI - MONTH GJ123B.SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS GJ123C.SSDI APPEALED OR APPLY AGAIN GJ123D.SSDI APPEALED - YR GJ123D2.SSDI APPEALED - MO GJ123E.SSDI AWARDED THEN GJ123F1.SSDI AWARDED - YEAR GJ123F2.SSDI AWARDED - MONTH GJ123J.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GJ123K.BENEFITS STOPPED - YEAR GJ123K2.BENEFITS STOPPED - MONTH GJ125.EVER APPLY FOR SSI GJ125A1.FIRST APPLIED SSI - YEAR GJ125A2.FIRST APPLIED SSI - MONTH GJ125B.SSI AWARDED BENEFITS GJ125C.SSI APPEALED OR APPLY AGAIN GJ125D1.SSI APPEALED - YR GJ125D2.SSI APPEALED - MO GJ125E.SSI AWARDED THEN GJ125F1.SSI AWARDED - YEAR GJ125F2.SSI AWARDED - MONTH GJ125G.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GJ125J.BENEFITS STOPPED - YEAR GJ125K.BENEFITS STOPPED - MONTH DISABLED-MO DISABLED- YR HM009 KEEP FROM WRK 1ST BEGIN-YR HM010 HEALTH PROBLEM FIRST BOTHER-MO HM014 HEALTH PROB INTERFERE-YR HM015 HEALTH PROB INTERFERE-MO HM016 HEALTH PROB PREVENT WRK-YR HM017 HEALTH PROB PREVENT WRK-MO HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM030F2 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS HM030K1 SSDI STOP-MO HM030K2 SSI STOP-MO HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR HM030L2 SSI STOP-YR HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM032A1 SSDI START-MO HM032A1 SSDI START-MO HM032A2 SSDI START-MO HM032A2 SSDI START-MO HM032B1 SSDI START-YR HM032B1 SSDI START-YR HM032B2 SSDI START-YR HM032B2 SSDI START-YR HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM032F2 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM032K1 SSDI STOP-MO HM032K2 SSDI STOP-MO HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR HM032L2 SSDI STOP-YR

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HM032N HM032O HM032P HM032Q HM033 HM033A2 HM033B2 HM033C1 HM033C2 HM033H1 HM033H2 HM033I1 HM033I2 HM033L HM033N HM033O HM033P HM036 HM037M1 HM037M2 HM037M3 HM040A HM040B HM040C HM040D HM040E HM040F HM040G HM040H HM040I HM040J HM040K HM040P HM040U HM040V HM041 HM041A HM041B HM041C HM041D HM041F HM041G HM041H HM041I HM041J HM041K HM041L HM041R HM041S HM042H HM050G HM058 HM645 HM646 HM647 HM648 HM648A1 HM648B1 HM648F1 HM648K1 HM648L1 HM648N HM648O

HM032N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN HM032O SSDI-LAST APPLY MO HM032P SSDI-LAST APPLY YR HM032Q SSDI-AWARD THEN HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033A2 SSI START-MO HM033B2 SSI START-YR HM033C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS HM033C2 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS HM033H1 SSI STOP-MO HM033H2 SSI STOP-MO HM033I1 SSI STOP-YR HM033I2 SSI STOP-YR HM033L SSI-APPLY AGAIN HM033N SSI-LAST APPLY MO HM033O SSI-LAST APPLY YR HM033P SSI-AWARD THEN HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM040A SSD APPLY-MO HM040B SSD APPLY-YR HM040C SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO HM040D SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM040F SSDI-APPLY AGAIN HM040G SSDI-LAST APPLY MO HM040H SSDI-LAST APPLY YR HM040I SSDI-AWARD THEN HM040J SSDI START-MO HM040K SSDI START-YR HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM040U SSDI STOP-MO HM040VSSDI STOP-YR HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM041A SSD APPLY-MO HM041B SSD APPLY-YR HM041C SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO HM041D SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR HM041F SSI-APPLY AGAIN HM041G SSI-LAST APPLY MO HM041H SSI-LAST APPLY YR HM041I SSI-AWARD THEN HM041J SSI START-MO HM041K SSI START-YR HM041L STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS HM041R SSI STOP-MO HM041S SSI STOP-YR HM042H VA-LAST APPLY YR HM050G OTH PROG-LAST APPLY MO HM058 WHICH DISABILITY PROGRAM EVER APPLY FOR SSDI 1ST APPLIED SSDI - YR 1ST APPLIED SSDI - MO SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS SSDI START MONTH-1 SSDI START YEAR-1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS-1 SSDI STOP MONTH-1 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 SSDI-APPLY AGAIN SSDI-LAST APPLY MO

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Section E: Social Security

HM648P HM648Q HM651 HM652 HM653 HM654 HM654A1 HM654B1 HM654C1 HM654H1 HM654I1 HM654J HM654K HM654L HM654N HRS 2004: JJ014 JJ015 JM009 JM010 JM014 JM015 JM016 JM017 JM030 JM031 JM032 JM033 JM036 JM037M1 JM037M2 JM037M3 JM040 JM041 JM058 JM645 JM646 JM647 JM648 JM651 JM652 JM653 JM654 JMW233C JMW233C JMW233D JMW233I JMW233J JMW233Q JMW233S JMW234C JMW234C JMW234D JMW234I JMW234J JMW234Q JMW238A JMW238B JMW238C JMW238D JMW238I JMW238J JMW238Q

SSDI-LAST APPLY YR SSDI-AWARD THEN EVER APPLY FOR SSI 1ST APPLIED SSI - YR 1ST APPLIED SSI - MO SSI AWARDED BENEFITS SSI START MONTH-1 SSI START YEAR-1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 SSI STOP MONTH-1 SSI STOP YEAR-1 SSI-APPLY AGAIN SSI-LAST APPLY MO SSI-LAST APPLY YR SSI-AWARD THEN DISABLED-MO DISABLED- YR HM009 KEEP FROM WRK 1ST BEGIN-YR HM010 HEALTH PROBLEM FIRST BOTHER-MO HM014 HEALTH PROB INTERFERE-YR HM015 HEALTH PROB INTERFERE-MO HM016 HEALTH PROB PREVENT WRK-YR HM017 HEALTH PROB PREVENT WRK-MO HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM058 WHICH DISABILITY PROGRAM HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM646 1ST APPLIED SSDI - YR HM647 1ST APPLIED SSDI - MO HM648 SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM652 1ST APPLIED SSI - YR HM653 1ST APPLIED SSI - MO HM654 SSI AWARDED BENEFITS HM032A2 SSDI START-MO -2 HM032A2 SSDI START-MO -2 HM033A2 SSI START-MO -2 HM040J SSDI START-MO -3 SSI START-MO -3 HM648A1 SSDI START MONTH-1 HM654A1 SSI START MONTH-1 HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM041K SSI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 SSI START-YR -3 HM648B1 SSDI START YEAR-1 HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -1 HM030F2 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM033C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS -2 HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -3 HM041L STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS -3 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1

767

Section E: Social Security

JMW238S JMW243A JMW243B JMW243C JMW243D JMW243I JMW243J JMW243Q JMW243S JMW244A JMW244B JMW244C JMW244D JMW244I JMW244J JMW244Q JMW244S JMW245A JMW245B JMW245C JMW245D JMW245H JMW245I JMW246A JMW246B JMW246C JMW246D JMW246G JMW246H JMW246I JMW247A JMW247B JMW247C JMW247D JMW247E JMW247H JMW247I JMW248A JMW248B JMW248C JMW248D JMW248H JMW248I JMW249A JMW249B JMW250A JMW250B JMW251A JMW251B JMW252A JMW252B HRS 2006: KJ014 KJ015 KM009 KM010 KM014 KM015 KM016 KM017 KM030 KM031 KM032

HM654C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 HM040U SSDI STOP-MO -1 HM030K2 SSI STOP-MO -1 HM032K1 SSDI STOP-MO -2 HM033H1 SSI STOP-MO -2 HM032K2 SSDI STOP-MO -3 HM041R SSI STOP-MO -3 SSDI STOP MONTH-1 HM654H1 SSI STOP MONTH-1 HM030K1 SSDI STOP-YR HM030L2 SSI STOP-YR -1 HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR -2 HM033I1 SSI STOP-YR -2 HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR -3 HM041S SSI STOP-YR -3 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 HM654I2 SSI STOP YEAR-1 HM040F SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -1 HM041F SSI-APPLY AGAIN -1 HM032N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -2 HM033L SSI-APPLY AGAIN -2 HM648N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN-1 HM654J SSI-APPLY AGAIN-1 HM040G SSDI-LAST APPLY MO -1 HM041G SSI-LAST APPLY MO -1 HM032O SSDI-LAST APPLY MO -2 HM033N SSI-LAST APPLY MO -2 HM050G OTH PROG-LAST APPLY MO -1 HM648O SSDI-LAST APPLY MO-1 HM654K SSI-LAST APPLY MO HM040H SSDI-LAST APPLY YR -1 HM041H SSI-LAST APPLY YR -1 HM032P SSDI-LAST APPLY YR -2 HM033O SSI-LAST APPLY YR -2 HM042H VA-LAST APPLY YR -1 HM648P SSDI-LAST APPLY YR-1 HM654L SSI-LAST APPLY YR-1 HM040I SSDI-AWARD THEN -1 HM041I SSI-AWARD THEN -1 HM032Q SSDI-AWARD THEN -2 HM033P SSI-AWARD THEN -2 HM648Q SSDI-AWARD THEN-1 HM654N SSI-AWARD THEN HM040A SSD APPLY-MO HM041A SSI APPLY-MO HM040B SSD APPLY-YR HM041B SSI APPLY-YR HM040C SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO HM041C SSI APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO HM040D SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR HM041D SSI APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR DISABLED-MO DISABLED- YR HM009 KEEP FROM WRK 1ST BEGIN-YR HM010 HEALTH PROBLEM FIRST BOTHER-MO HM014 HEALTH PROB INTERFERE-YR HM015 HEALTH PROB INTERFERE-MO HM016 HEALTH PROB PREVENT WRK-YR HM017 HEALTH PROB PREVENT WRK-MO HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED

768

Section E: Social Security

KM033 KM036 KM037M1 KM037M2 KM037M3 KM040 KM041 KM058 KM645 KM646 KM647 KM648 KM651 KM652 KM653 KM654 KMW233C KMW233C KMW233D KMW233I KMW233J KMW233Q KMW233S KMW234C KMW234C KMW234D KMW234I KMW234J KMW234Q KMW238A KMW238B KMW238C KMW238D KMW238I KMW238J KMW238Q KMW238S KMW243A KMW243B KMW243C KMW243D KMW243I KMW243J KMW243Q KMW243S KMW244A KMW244B KMW244C KMW244D KMW244I KMW244J KMW244Q KMW244S KMW245A KMW245B KMW245C KMW245D KMW245H KMW245I KMW246A KMW246B KMW246C KMW246D

HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM058 WHICH DISABILITY PROGRAM HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM646 1ST APPLIED SSDI - YR HM647 1ST APPLIED SSDI - MO HM648 SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM652 1ST APPLIED SSI - YR HM653 1ST APPLIED SSI - MO HM654 SSI AWARDED BENEFITS HM032A2 SSDI START-MO -2 HM032A2 SSDI START-MO -2 HM033A2 SSI START-MO -2 HM040J SSDI START-MO -3 SSI START-MO -3 HM648A1 SSDI START MONTH-1 HM654A1 SSI START MONTH-1 HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM041K SSI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3 SSI START-YR -3 HM648B1 SSDI START YEAR-1 HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -1 HM030F2 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM033C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS -2 HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -3 HM041L STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS -3 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM654C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 HM040U SSDI STOP-MO -1 HM030K2 SSI STOP-MO -1 HM032K1 SSDI STOP-MO -2 HM033H1 SSI STOP-MO -2 HM032K2 SSDI STOP-MO -3 HM041R SSI STOP-MO -3 SSDI STOP MONTH-1 HM654H1 SSI STOP MONTH-1 HM030K1 SSDI STOP-YR HM030L2 SSI STOP-YR -1 HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR -2 HM033I1 SSI STOP-YR -2 HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR -3 HM041S SSI STOP-YR -3 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 HM654I2 SSI STOP YEAR-1 HM040F SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -1 HM041F SSI-APPLY AGAIN -1 HM032N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -2 HM033L SSI-APPLY AGAIN -2 HM648N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN-1 HM654J SSI-APPLY AGAIN-1 HM040G SSDI-LAST APPLY MO -1 HM041G SSI-LAST APPLY MO -1 HM032O SSDI-LAST APPLY MO -2 HM033N SSI-LAST APPLY MO -2

769

Section E: Social Security

KMW246G KMW246H KMW246I KMW247A KMW247B KMW247C KMW247D KMW247E KMW247H KMW247I KMW248A KMW248B KMW248C KMW248D KMW248H KMW248I KMW249A KMW249B KMW250A KMW250B KMW251A KMW251B KMW252A KMW252B HRS 2008: LJ014 LJ015 LM009 LM010 LM014 LM015 LM016 LM017 LM030 LM031 LM032 LM033 LM036 LM037M1 LM037M2 LM037M3 LM040 LM041 LM058 LM645 LM646 LM647 LM648 LM651 LM652 LM653 LM654 LMW233C LMW233C LMW233D LMW233I LMW233J LMW233Q LMW233S LMW234C LMW234C LMW234D LMW234I

HM050G HM648O HM654K HM040H HM041H HM032P HM033O HM042H HM648P HM654L HM040I HM041I HM032Q HM033P HM648Q HM654N HM040A HM041A HM040B HM041B HM040C HM041C HM040D HM041D

770

OTH PROG-LAST APPLY MO -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY MO-1 SSI-LAST APPLY MO SSDI-LAST APPLY YR -1 SSI-LAST APPLY YR -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY YR -2 SSI-LAST APPLY YR -2 VA-LAST APPLY YR -1 SSDI-LAST APPLY YR-1 SSI-LAST APPLY YR-1 SSDI-AWARD THEN -1 SSI-AWARD THEN -1 SSDI-AWARD THEN -2 SSI-AWARD THEN -2 SSDI-AWARD THEN-1 SSI-AWARD THEN SSD APPLY-MO SSI APPLY-MO SSD APPLY-YR SSI APPLY-YR SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO SSI APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR SSI APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR

DISABLED-MO DISABLED- YR HM009 KEEP FROM WRK 1ST BEGIN-YR HM010 HEALTH PROBLEM FIRST BOTHER-MO HM014 HEALTH PROB INTERFERE-YR HM015 HEALTH PROB INTERFERE-MO HM016 HEALTH PROB PREVENT WRK-YR HM017 HEALTH PROB PREVENT WRK-MO HM030 REC SSDI/SSI/BOTH HM031 PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM036 APPLY OTR DISABILITY HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM058 WHICH DISABILITY PROGRAM HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM646 1ST APPLIED SSDI - YR HM647 1ST APPLIED SSDI - MO HM648 SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM652 1ST APPLIED SSI - YR HM653 1ST APPLIED SSI - MO HM654 SSI AWARDED BENEFITS HM032A2 SSDI START-MO -2 HM032A2 SSDI START-MO -2 HM033A2 SSI START-MO -2 HM040J SSDI START-MO -3 SSI START-MO -3 HM648A1 SSDI START MONTH-1 HM654A1 SSI START MONTH-1 HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM032B2 SSDI START-YR -2 HM041K SSI START-YR -2 HM040K SSDI START-YR -3

Section E: Social Security

LMW234J LMW234Q LMW238A LMW238B LMW238C LMW238D LMW238I LMW238J LMW238Q LMW238S LMW243A LMW243B LMW243C LMW243D LMW243I LMW243J LMW243Q LMW243S LMW244A LMW244B LMW244C LMW244D LMW244I LMW244J LMW244Q LMW244S LMW245A LMW245B LMW245C LMW245D LMW245H LMW245I LMW246A LMW246B LMW246C LMW246D LMW246G LMW246H LMW246I LMW247A LMW247B LMW247C LMW247D LMW247E LMW247H LMW247I LMW248A LMW248B LMW248C LMW248D LMW248H LMW248I LMW249A LMW249B LMW250A LMW250B LMW251A LMW251B LMW252A LMW252B

SSI START-YR -3 HM648B1 SSDI START YEAR-1 HM030F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -1 HM030F2 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM033C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS -2 HM040P STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -3 HM041L STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS -3 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM654C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 HM040U SSDI STOP-MO -1 HM030K2 SSI STOP-MO -1 HM032K1 SSDI STOP-MO -2 HM033H1 SSI STOP-MO -2 HM032K2 SSDI STOP-MO -3 HM041R SSI STOP-MO -3 SSDI STOP MONTH-1 HM654H1 SSI STOP MONTH-1 HM030K1 SSDI STOP-YR HM030L2 SSI STOP-YR -1 HM030L1 SSDI STOP-YR -2 HM033I1 SSI STOP-YR -2 HM032L1 SSDI STOP-YR -3 HM041S SSI STOP-YR -3 SSDI STOP YEAR-1 HM654I2 SSI STOP YEAR-1 HM040F SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -1 HM041F SSI-APPLY AGAIN -1 HM032N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -2 HM033L SSI-APPLY AGAIN -2 HM648N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN-1 HM654J SSI-APPLY AGAIN-1 HM040G SSDI-LAST APPLY MO -1 HM041G SSI-LAST APPLY MO -1 HM032O SSDI-LAST APPLY MO -2 HM033N SSI-LAST APPLY MO -2 HM050G OTH PROG-LAST APPLY MO -1 HM648O SSDI-LAST APPLY MO-1 HM654K SSI-LAST APPLY MO HM040H SSDI-LAST APPLY YR -1 HM041H SSI-LAST APPLY YR -1 HM032P SSDI-LAST APPLY YR -2 HM033O SSI-LAST APPLY YR -2 HM042H VA-LAST APPLY YR -1 HM648P SSDI-LAST APPLY YR-1 HM654L SSI-LAST APPLY YR-1 HM040I SSDI-AWARD THEN -1 HM041I SSI-AWARD THEN -1 HM032Q SSDI-AWARD THEN -2 HM033P SSI-AWARD THEN -2 HM648Q SSDI-AWARD THEN-1 HM654N SSI-AWARD THEN HM040A SSD APPLY-MO HM041A SSI APPLY-MO HM040B SSD APPLY-YR HM041B SSI APPLY-YR HM040C SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO HM041C SSI APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-MO HM040D SSD APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR HM041D SSI APPLY SINCE PREV WAVE-YR

771

Section E: Social Security

772

SSDI, SSI Status (Each Wave) File Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1DSTAT R2DSTAT R3DSTAT R4DSTAT R5DSTAT R6DSTAT R7DSTAT R8DSTAT R9DSTAT

R1DSTAT:W1 R2DSTAT:W2 R3DSTAT:W3 R4DSTAT:W4 R5DSTAT:W5 R6DSTAT:W6 R7DSTAT:W7 R8DSTAT:W8 R9DSTAT:W9

'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION

1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK,

2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI,

3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI'

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1DSTAT S2DSTAT S3DSTAT S4DSTAT S5DSTAT S6DSTAT S7DSTAT S8DSTAT S9DSTAT

S1DSTAT:W1 S2DSTAT:W2 S3DSTAT:W3 S4DSTAT:W4 S5DSTAT:W5 S6DSTAT:W6 S7DSTAT:W7 S8DSTAT:W8 S9DSTAT:W9

'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION 'POSITION

1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK, 1=DK,

2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI, 2=SSDI,

3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI' 3=SSI'

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1DSTAT R2DSTAT R3DSTAT R4DSTAT R5DSTAT R6DSTAT R7DSTAT R8DSTAT R9DSTAT

12652 11420 10964 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

9.684 10.823 12.732 8.017 4.369 2.952 2.701 2.490 2.443

42.144 43.261 46.629 36.712 25.128 18.872 17.457 16.290 16.083

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000

S1DSTAT S2DSTAT S3DSTAT S4DSTAT S5DSTAT S6DSTAT S7DSTAT S8DSTAT S9DSTAT

9900 8739 8306 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

7.423 8.052 9.708 6.485 3.896 2.581 2.263 2.058 1.910

37.104 37.384 41.001 32.720 23.709 17.352 15.701 14.322 13.613

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000 200.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1DSTAT .Q=Not asked this wave | 0.No activity | 11827 1.Applying SSI | 1 2.Receiving SSI | 51 10.Applying SSDI | 11.Applying SSDI + SSI | 12.Apply SSDI/Recv SSI |

R2DSTAT 8222 10475 3 59 10

R3DSTAT 7027 9900 67

R4DSTAT

R5DSTAT

R6DSTAT

R7DSTAT

R8DSTAT

R9DSTAT

19771 8 170 45

18110 11 240 84 3 5

16891 13 201 61 21 5

18640 23 225 110 41 1

17069 29 236 102 43 5

15907 34 220 112 47 5

Section E: Social Security

20.Receiving SSDI 21.Recv SSDI/Apply SSI 22.Recv SSDI + SSI 100.Applying DK which 200.Receiving DK which

773

| | | | |

166

219

258

472

640

224 694

622 1 75 156 272

87 120 128

751 2 108 107 121

715 4 84 87 95

642 2 82 80 86

23 584

118 536

135 604

Value-------------------------| S1DSTAT .Q=Not asked this wave | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.No activity | 9414 1.Applying SSI | 2.Receiving SSI | 15 10.Applying SSDI | 11.Applying SSDI + SSI | 12.Apply SSDI/Recv SSI | 20.Receiving SSDI | 108 21.Recv SSDI/Apply SSI | 22.Recv SSDI + SSI | 100.Applying DK which | 13 200.Receiving DK which | 350

S2DSTAT 4549 5970 384 8200

S3DSTAT 3704 5658 323 7701

S4DSTAT

S5DSTAT

S6DSTAT

S7DSTAT

S8DSTAT

S9DSTAT

6869 537 13091 2 45 33

6306 220 10942 7 63 42 10 2 415

6777 380 12194 10 66 79 19

321

6538 311 11923 7 69 55 2 3 404

134 352

21 89 157

21 72 67

6417 317 11004 13 74 67 21 2 428 3 29 50 44

6206 365 9993 15 71 67 22 3 376 1 22 40 36

15 4

18

145

160

76 299

80 347

450 1 27 66 60

How Constructed: RwDSTAT indicates whether a respondent is receiving or applying for Social Security (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) disability at Wave 'w'. It distinguishes between SSI and SSDI when possible. One variable gives the status for both SSDI and SSI at each wave. If we cannot determine which program is involved, a third category is used to indicate that we don't know. RwDSTAT is a three-digit variable, where the ones-digit indicates the status of SSI, the tens-digit indicates the status of SSDI, and the hundreds-digit indicates the status of SSDI/SSI but we don't know which program. A one in the appropriate digit indicates that R has applied but not been awarded or rejected. A two indicates that R is receiving benefits, and a zero indicates neither applying nor receiving. The respondent may have applied in the past and been rejected, or received in the past and benefits ended, or may never have applied. For example, 12 means that R is applying for SSDI and receiving SSI benefits, and 100 indicates R is applying for SSDI or SSI or both, but we don't know which program. Before Wave 5, SSDI and SSI are combined in the survey questions. From Wave 5 forward, these programs are treated separately. If the respondent first reports an application, reapplication, or receipt for SSDI or SSI before Wave 5, we do not know which program is involved. But if the receipt or application remains active until Wave 5 or beyond, the respondent is asked which program, and the statuses for SSDI and SSI can be reported distinctly. In some cases a respondent reports receiving (or applying for) benefits from SSDI in Wave 5 and reports still receiving benefits at Wave 6 but then reports that the benefits are from SSI or vice versa. In these cases status is reported for the program type reported in the wave. For example, if the Wave 5 program is SSDI and the Wave 6 program is SSI, then the Wave 5 status is reported for SSDI and that in Wave 6 for SSI. SwDSTAT indicates whether the respondent's spouse is receiving or applying for SSDI or SSI at Wave 'w'. It is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwDSTAT for Wave 'w'. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions and so for Ahead R2DSTAT and R3DSTAT are set to the .Q SAS special missing value to indicate that no information is available. For more detailed information on disability applications and benefit receipt please see the "SSDI/SSI Disability Episodes" variables.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security disability (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately.

Section E: Social Security

774

In Wave 1, a question asks if the respondent has ever applied for Social Security disability or SSI, and if yes, whether he/she is receiving benefits. If not, another question asks whether he/she has appealed or re-applied and if so, whether the re-application was approved. In Waves 2H, 3H and 4, it asks if the respondent has applied for disability benefits from any government program since the last interview (or ever if it is the first interview) and if yes, asks which programs. In the answers, SSDI and SSI are treated together. If the respondent reports applying for SSDI/SSI, then the questions follow the same pattern as in Wave 1. From Wave 5 forward, the question wording is the same but separate questions are asked for the two programs. If the respondent reports applying for but not receiving SSDI benefits then a question asks whether he/she has appealed or re-applied for SSDI, and if so, when the last re-application was made. If an SSI application without approval is reported, then another question asks if he/she has appealed or re-applied for SSI and if so, when the last re-application was made. After Wave 1, re-interviewed respondents are asked questions about the status of previously reported SSDI/SSI benefit receipt. From Wave 4 forward, re-interviewed respondents are asked about the status of applications made but unresolved at the prior wave. If a respondent had applied for SSDI/SSI in a previous wave and the application was still pending, he/she is asked if it was approved. From Wave 5 forward, he/she is first asked what type of benefit was applied for or received, SSDI or SSI. From Wave 5 forward, if the prior wave application was not approved, the respondent is asked if he/she has appealed or reapplied. These questions are asked before the questions about applying since last interview described above. In Wave 2A and 3A, there are no comparable questions.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4706 V4709 V4710 V4713 V4719 HRS 1994: W5259 W5268 W5269 W5270 W5271 W5278 W5279 W5282 W5288 HRS 1996: E3580 E3589 E3595M1 E3595M2 E3595M3 E3600 E3601 E3604 E3614 HRS 1998: F4088 F4091 F4097 F4123 F4124M1 F4124M2 F4124M3 F4129

J123:EVR APPLD DISAB BEN J123B:AWARDED BENEFITS J123C:APPEAL/APPLY AGAIN J123E:AWARDED BENEFITS J123J:STLL RECVNG BENFTS J18.STILL RECEIVING SSD/ J23.APPLY FOR OTHER DISA J24.DISABILITY PROGRAM J24.DISABILITY PROGRAM J24.DISABILITY PROGRAM J26b.AWARDED SSD/SSI THE J26c.APPEAL/APPLY LATER J26e.AWARED SSD/SSI THEN J26j.SSD/SSI STILL RECEI GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD23. APPLY OTHER DISABILITY GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD26B. SS-AWARD THEN GD26C. SS-APPLY AGAIN GD26E. SS-AWARD THEN GD26J. SS-STILL RECEIVING GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18C.PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI GD18G.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GD23. APPLY OTHER DISABILITY GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD26B. SS-AWARD THEN

Section E: Social Security

F4130 F4133 F4139 F4489 F4492 F4493 F4496 F4502 HRS 2000: G4373 G4374 G4383 G4389 G4390 G4396 G4400 G4403 G4409 G4413 G4413 G4416 G4420 G4423 G4426 G4453 G4454M1 G4454M2 G4454M3 G4459 G4460 G4463 G4466 G4477 G4478 G4481 G4484 G4862 G4865 G4866 G4869 G4875 G4881 G4884 G4885 G4888 G4894 HRS 2002: HM032 HM032F1 HM032F2 HM032N HM032Q HM033 HM033C1 HM033C2 HM033L HM033P HM037M1 HM037M2 HM037M3 HM040E HM040I HM041

GD26C. SS-APPLY AGAIN GD26E. SSI-AWARD THEN GD26J. SS-STILL RECEIVING GJ123.EVER APPLY FOR SSD OR SSI GJ123B.SS AWARDED BENEFITS GJ123C.SS APPEALED OR APPLY AGAIN GJ123E.SS AWARDED THEN GJ123J.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GD18. RECEIVE SSD/SSI GD18AA. REC`D SSDI BENEFITS GD18BA. REC`D SSI BENEFITS GD18C.PRIOR WAVE APPLIED FOR SSDI/SSI GD18CA. SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED GD18CG.STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS GD18DA. SSDI-APPLY AGAIN GD18DD. SSDI-AWARD THEN GD18DK.STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS GD18EA. SSI APPLICATION APPROVED GD18EA. SSI APPLICATION APPROVED GD18ED.STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS GD18EH. SSI-APPLY AGAIN GD18EM. SSI-AWARD THEN GD18EQ.STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS GD23. APPLY OTHER DISABILITY GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD24. DISABILITY PROGRAMS GD26B.SSD 1ST APPL STATUS GD26C.SSD WHETHER APPLIED AGAIN GD26E.SSD LAST APPLICATION STATUS GD26G.SSD-STILL RECEIVING GD27B. SSI-AWARD THEN GD27C. SSI-APPLY AGAIN GD27E. SSI-AWARD THEN GD27G. SSI-STILL RECEIVING GJ123.EVER APPLY FOR SSDI GJ123B.SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS GJ123C.SSDI APPEALED OR APPLY AGAIN GJ123E.SSDI AWARDED THEN GJ123J.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS GJ125.EVER APPLY FOR SSI GJ125B.SSI AWARDED BENEFITS GJ125C.SSI APPEALED OR APPLY AGAIN GJ125E.SSI AWARDED THEN GJ125G.STILL RECEIVING BENEFITS HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM032F2 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS HM032N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN HM032Q SSDI-AWARD THEN HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS HM033C2 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS HM033L SSI-APPLY AGAIN HM033P SSI-AWARD THEN HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM040I SSDI-AWARD THEN HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN

775

Section E: Social Security

HM041I HM058 HM645 HM648 HM648F1 HM648N HM648Q HM651 HM654 HM654A1 HM654B1 HM654C1 HM654J HM654N HRS 2004: JM032 JM033 JM037M1 JM037M2 JM037M3 JM040 JM041 JM058 JM645 JM648 JM651 JM654 JMW233S JMW238C JMW238D JMW238Q JMW238S JMW244S JMW245B JMW245C JMW245D JMW245H JMW245I JMW248A JMW248B JMW248C JMW248D JMW248H JMW248I HRS 2006: KM032 KM033 KM037M1 KM037M2 KM037M3 KM040 KM041 KM058 KM645 KM648 KM651 KM654 KMW233S KMW238C KMW238D KMW238Q KMW238S KMW244S

HM041I SSI-AWARD THEN HM058 WHICH DISABILITY PROGRAM EVER APPLY FOR SSDI SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS-1 SSDI-APPLY AGAIN SSDI-AWARD THEN EVER APPLY FOR SSI SSI AWARDED BENEFITS SSI START MONTH-1 SSI START YEAR-1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 SSI-APPLY AGAIN SSI-AWARD THEN HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM058 WHICH DISABILITY PROGRAM HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM648 SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM654 SSI AWARDED BENEFITS HM654A1 SSI START MONTH-1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM033C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS -2 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM654C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 HM654I2 SSI STOP YEAR-1 HM041F SSI-APPLY AGAIN -1 HM032N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -2 HM033L SSI-APPLY AGAIN -2 HM648N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN-1 HM654J SSI-APPLY AGAIN-1 HM040I SSDI-AWARD THEN -1 HM041I SSI-AWARD THEN -1 HM032Q SSDI-AWARD THEN -2 HM033P SSI-AWARD THEN -2 HM648Q SSDI-AWARD THEN-1 HM654N SSI-AWARD THEN HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM058 WHICH DISABILITY PROGRAM HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM648 SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM654 SSI AWARDED BENEFITS HM654A1 SSI START MONTH-1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM033C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS -2 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM654C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 HM654I2 SSI STOP YEAR-1

776

Section E: Social Security

KMW245B KMW245C KMW245D KMW245H KMW245I KMW248A KMW248B KMW248C KMW248D KMW248H KMW248I HRS 2008: LM032 LM033 LM037M1 LM037M2 LM037M3 LM040 LM041 LM058 LM645 LM648 LM651 LM654 LMW233S LMW238C LMW238D LMW238Q LMW238S LMW244S LMW245B LMW245C LMW245D LMW245H LMW245I LMW248A LMW248B LMW248C LMW248D LMW248H LMW248I

HM041F HM032N HM033L HM648N HM654J HM040I HM041I HM032Q HM033P HM648Q HM654N

777

SSI-APPLY AGAIN -1 SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -2 SSI-APPLY AGAIN -2 SSDI-APPLY AGAIN-1 SSI-APPLY AGAIN-1 SSDI-AWARD THEN -1 SSI-AWARD THEN -1 SSDI-AWARD THEN -2 SSI-AWARD THEN -2 SSDI-AWARD THEN-1 SSI-AWARD THEN

HM032 SSDI APPLICATION APPROVED HM033 SSI APPLICATION APPROVED HM037M1 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-1 HM037M2 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-2 HM037M3 DISABILITY PROGRAMS-3 HM040E SSD 1ST APPL STATUS HM041 SSI-AWARD THEN HM058 WHICH DISABILITY PROGRAM HM645 EVER APPLY FOR SSDI HM648 SSDI AWARDED BENEFITS HM651 EVER APPLY FOR SSI HM654 SSI AWARDED BENEFITS HM654A1 SSI START MONTH-1 HM032F1 STILL RECEIVING SSDI BENEFITS -2 HM033C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS -2 HM648F1 STILL REC SSDI BENS-1 HM654C1 STILL RECEIVING SSI BENEFITS-1 HM654I2 SSI STOP YEAR-1 HM041F SSI-APPLY AGAIN -1 HM032N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN -2 HM033L SSI-APPLY AGAIN -2 HM648N SSDI-APPLY AGAIN-1 HM654J SSI-APPLY AGAIN-1 HM040I SSDI-AWARD THEN -1 HM041I SSI-AWARD THEN -1 HM032Q SSDI-AWARD THEN -2 HM033P SSI-AWARD THEN -2 HM648Q SSDI-AWARD THEN-1 HM654N SSI-AWARD THEN

Section E: Social Security

778

SSDI, SSI Amount Receiving (Each Wave) File Variable

Label

Type

5 6 7 8 9

R5DSSAMT R6DSSAMT R7DSSAMT R8DSSAMT R9DSSAMT

R5DSSAMT:W5 R6DSSAMT:W6 R7DSSAMT:W7 R8DSSAMT:W8 R9DSSAMT:W9

AMT AMT AMT AMT AMT

RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED

LAST LAST LAST LAST LAST

MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH

SSDI SSDI SSDI SSDI SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

5 6 7 8 9

S5DSSAMT S6DSSAMT S7DSSAMT S8DSSAMT S9DSSAMT

S5DSSAMT:W5 S6DSSAMT:W6 S7DSSAMT:W7 S8DSSAMT:W8 S9DSSAMT:W9

AMT AMT AMT AMT AMT

RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED

LAST LAST LAST LAST LAST

MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH

SSDI SSDI SSDI SSDI SSDI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

5 6 7 8 9

R5DSIAMT R6DSIAMT R7DSIAMT R8DSIAMT R9DSIAMT

R5DSIAMT:W5 R6DSIAMT:W6 R7DSIAMT:W7 R8DSIAMT:W8 R9DSIAMT:W9

AMT AMT AMT AMT AMT

RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED

LAST LAST LAST LAST LAST

MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH

SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

5 6 7 8 9

S5DSIAMT S6DSIAMT S7DSIAMT S8DSIAMT S9DSIAMT

S5DSIAMT:W5 S6DSIAMT:W6 S7DSIAMT:W7 S8DSIAMT:W8 S9DSIAMT:W9

AMT AMT AMT AMT AMT

RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED RECEIVED

LAST LAST LAST LAST LAST

MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH MONTH

SSI SSI SSI SSI SSI

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

R5DSSAMT R6DSSAMT R7DSSAMT R8DSSAMT R9DSSAMT

686 769 640 744 637

684.920 755.632 822.405 859.847 911.923

328.918 352.847 447.958 396.437 429.761

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1744.000 3000.000 7000.000 2800.000 3200.000

S5DSSAMT S6DSSAMT S7DSSAMT S8DSSAMT S9DSSAMT

415 489 369 450 366

725.747 795.963 880.472 912.864 961.962

340.682 375.584 505.766 415.661 444.948

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1744.000 3000.000 7000.000 2800.000 3200.000

R5DSIAMT R6DSIAMT R7DSIAMT R8DSIAMT R9DSIAMT

298 291 252 272 243

376.201 372.849 415.960 454.176 515.099

244.766 275.647 266.542 313.535 351.210

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1384.000 1900.000 1667.000 2000.000 1800.000

S5DSIAMT S6DSIAMT S7DSIAMT S8DSIAMT S9DSIAMT

86 93 77 90 87

387.779 393.118 398.662 433.289 540.736

268.598 335.467 281.194 371.351 414.751

0.000 0.000 8.000 0.000 4.000

1384.000 1900.000 1667.000 2000.000 1800.000

How Constructed:

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

Section E: Social Security

779

RwDSSAMT is the amount a respondent reports receiving from Social Security disability (SSDI) at Wave 'w'. RwDSIAMT is the amount a respondent reports receiving from Supplemental Security Income (SSI) disability at Wave 'w'. These variables are available beginning in Wave 5. They are simply taken from the amounts reported in the raw data, recoded for missing values. A respondent may be receiving benefits from either program or both. A separate variable RwDSTAT indicates whether a respondent is receiving benefits at Wave 'w'. Please see "SSDI/SSI Status" for information on the RwDSTAT variables. If benefits ended between the current and prior interview, the amount reported is for the last month when benefits were received. SwDSSAMT and SwDSIAMT indicate whether the respondent's spouse is receiving or applying for SSDI or SSI at Wave 'w'. It is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwDSSAMT and RwDSIAMT for Wave 'w'. For more detailed information on disability applications and benefit receipt please see the "SSDI/SSI Disability Episodes" variables.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The disability section of the HRS asks questions about whether the respondent has applied for disability benefits from Social Security (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI) in every wave. Before Wave 5, the questions ask about the two programs together. From Wave 5 forward, the questions ask about the programs separately. Beginning in Wave 5, respondents who are receiving SSDI or SSI benefits are asked how much they receive each month. If they report benefits have stopped they are asked how much they received in the last month that they received benefits. Beginning in Wave 7, it is also recorded whether an SSDI benefit has converted to Social Security. Those who converted to Social Security have SSDI as their disability type and the amount they received for disability is for their last month with SSDI.

HRS Variables Used HRS 2000: G4375 G4384 G4397 G4410 G4417 G4427 G4467 G4485 G4876 G4895 HRS 2002: HM030G1 HM030G2 HM032G1 HM032G2 HM033D1 HM033D2 HM040Q HM041N HM648G1 HM654D1 HRS 2004: JMW239A JMW239B JMW239C JMW239D JMW239I JMW239J JMW239Q

GD18AB. SSDI AMOUNT REC`D GD18BB. SSI AMOUNT REC`D GD18CH. SSDI AMOUNT REC`D GD18DM. SSDI AMOUNT REC`D GD18EE. SSI AMOUNT REC`D GD18ER. SSI AMOUNT REC`D GD26H.SSD AMOUNT REC`D GD27H.SSI AMOUNT REC`D GJ123JA. SSDI BENEFITS AMOUNT REC`D GJ125H. SSI BENEFITS AMOUNT REC`D HM030G1 SSDI AMOUNT REC_D HM030G2 SSI AMOUNT REC_D HM032G1 SSDI AMOUNT REC_D HM032G2 SSDI AMOUNT REC_D HM033D1 SSI AMOUNT REC_D HM033D2 SSI AMOUNT REC_D HM040Q SSDI AMOUNT REC_D HM041N SSI AMOUNT REC_D SSDI AMOUNT RECEIVED-1 SSI AMOUNT RECEIVED-1 HM040Q SSDI AMOUNT REC_D -1 HM030G2 SSI AMOUNT REC_D -1 HM032G1 SSDI AMOUNT REC_D -2 HM033D1 SSI AMOUNT REC_D -2 HM030G1 SSDI AMOUNT REC_D -3 HM041N SSI AMOUNT REC_D -3 HM648G1 SSDI AMOUNT RECEIVED-1

Section E: Social Security

JMW239S HRS 2006: KMW239A KMW239B KMW239C KMW239D KMW239I KMW239J KMW239Q KMW239S HRS 2008: LMW239A LMW239B LMW239C LMW239D LMW239I LMW239J LMW239Q LMW239S

HM654D1 SSI AMOUNT RECEIVED-1 HM040Q SSDI AMOUNT REC_D -1 HM030G2 SSI AMOUNT REC_D -1 HM032G1 SSDI AMOUNT REC_D -2 HM033D1 SSI AMOUNT REC_D -2 HM030G1 SSDI AMOUNT REC_D -3 HM041N SSI AMOUNT REC_D -3 HM648G1 SSDI AMOUNT RECEIVED-1 HM654D1 SSI AMOUNT RECEIVED-1 HM040Q SSDI AMOUNT REC_D -1 HM030G2 SSI AMOUNT REC_D -1 HM032G1 SSDI AMOUNT REC_D -2 HM033D1 SSI AMOUNT REC_D -2 HM030G1 SSDI AMOUNT REC_D -3 HM041N SSI AMOUNT REC_D -3 HM648G1 SSDI AMOUNT RECEIVED-1 HM654D1 SSI AMOUNT RECEIVED-1

780

Section F: Pension

781

Section F: Pension

Section F: Pension

782

Currently receiving any pension income Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2PENINC R3PENINC R4PENINC R5PENINC R6PENINC R7PENINC R8PENINC R9PENINC

R2PENINC:W2 R3PENINC:W3 R4PENINC:W4 R5PENINC:W5 R6PENINC:W6 R7PENINC:W7 R8PENINC:W8 R9PENINC:W9

R R R R R R R R

current current current current current current current current

receiving receiving receiving receiving receiving receiving receiving receiving

pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension

income income income income income income income income

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2PENINC S3PENINC S4PENINC S5PENINC S6PENINC S7PENINC S8PENINC S9PENINC

S2PENINC:W2 S3PENINC:W3 S4PENINC:W4 S5PENINC:W5 S6PENINC:W6 S7PENINC:W7 S8PENINC:W8 S9PENINC:W9

S S S S S S S S

current current current current current current current current

receiving receiving receiving receiving receiving receiving receiving receiving

pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension

income income income income income income income income

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2PENINC R3PENINC R4PENINC R5PENINC R6PENINC R7PENINC R8PENINC R9PENINC

11272 17735 20963 19239 17881 19839 18225 16963

0.156 0.268 0.265 0.295 0.300 0.263 0.272 0.275

0.363 0.443 0.441 0.456 0.458 0.440 0.445 0.446

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S2PENINC S3PENINC S4PENINC S5PENINC S6PENINC S7PENINC S8PENINC S9PENINC

9013 12223 14214 12849 11692 13176 11898 10841

0.158 0.242 0.236 0.263 0.268 0.230 0.242 0.245

0.365 0.429 0.424 0.440 0.443 0.421 0.428 0.430

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | 0.no | 1.yes |

R2PENINC R3PENINC R4PENINC R5PENINC R6PENINC R7PENINC R8PENINC R9PENINC 25 27 39 40 60 37 43 148 149 219 139 47 90 65 76 8222 82 175 162 199 140 142 135 9508 12976 15409 13564 12518 14616 13260 12304 1764 4759 5554 5675 5363 5223 4965 4659

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF |

S2PENINC S3PENINC S4PENINC S5PENINC S6PENINC S7PENINC S8PENINC S9PENINC 11 13 18 13 21 14 17 110 99 194 94 38 77 52 63 4549 51 118 103 133 93 90 92

Section F: Pension

.U=Unmar 0.no 1.yes

783

| | |

5970 7585 1428

5607 9260 2963

6845 10864 3350

6515 9469 3380

6291 8553 3139

6762 10140 3036

6415 9020 2878

6204 8187 2654

How Constructed: These variables are based on information given about pensions in the Income section. They do not consider information given about past pensions in the Employment section. The relevant pension questions are reported at the household level and are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's pension income and, if married, FinR's spouse's pension income. Adjustments are made when these measures are merged to the respondent (R) level, depending on whether R is the FinR or not. If R is the FinR, then measures concerning FinR are assigned to R and those about FinR's spouse are assigned to R's spouse. But if R is not the FinR, then measures about FinR are assigned to R's spouse and those concerning FinR's spouse are assigned to R. RwPENINC indicates whether the respondent is currently receiving any pension income. SwPENINC provides the information for the respondent's spouse or partner. In Wave 2H and from Wave 3 forward, if the measure indicates that R or both R and spouse/partner are currently receiving pension income, then RwPENINC is set to yes (=1). If no one or only the spouse/partner receiving pension income, then RwPENINC is set to no (=0). Otherwise, RwPENINC is set to a missing value based on missing values in HRS variables. If the measure indicates that the spouse/partner or both are currently receiving pension income, then SwPENINC is set to yes (=1). If none or only R is receiving pension income, then SwPENINC is set to no (=0). Otherwise, SwPENINC is set to a missing value based on missing values in HRS variables. If R is not married, SwPENINC is set to .U=unmarried. These variables are included to provide context to the measure about continuation of a pension after death. Since that question is not asked in Waves 1 and 2A, the measure is not included for these earlier waves at this time.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The question wording is consistent across waves. There are two questions that ask whether the Financial Respondent and/or spouse are currently receiving pension income. The first question asks: "Are you (or your (husband/wife/partner)) currently receiving an income from retirement pensions? ". If yes, a subsequent question asks: "Who receives that?". The answers may be "RESPONDENT ONLY", "SPOUSE/PARTNER ONLY" or "BOTH".

HRS Variables Used HRS 1994: W6071 W6072 AHEAD 1995: D4191 D4192 HRS 1996: E4209 E4210 HRS 1998: F4969 F4970 HRS 2000: G5424 G5425 HRS 2002: HQ215

N20.RETIREMENT PENSIONS? N20a.WHO RECEIVES PENSIO J30.RET PENSION J30A.WHO RECD PENSION J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME

Section F: Pension

HQ216 HRS 2004: JQ215 JQ216 HRS 2006: KQ215 KQ216 HRS 2008: LQ215 LQ216

WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC

784

Section F: Pension

785

# of Pensions currently receive Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2PENI_N R3PENI_N R4PENI_N R5PENI_N R6PENI_N R7PENI_N R8PENI_N R9PENI_N

R2PENI_N:W2 R3PENI_N:W3 R4PENI_N:W4 R5PENI_N:W5 R6PENI_N:W6 R7PENI_N:W7 R8PENI_N:W8 R9PENI_N:W9

# # # # # # # #

pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions

R R R R R R R R

receives receives receives receives receives receives receives receives

income income income income income income income income

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2PENI_N S3PENI_N S4PENI_N S5PENI_N S6PENI_N S7PENI_N S8PENI_N S9PENI_N

S2PENI_N:W2 S3PENI_N:W3 S4PENI_N:W4 S5PENI_N:W5 S6PENI_N:W6 S7PENI_N:W7 S8PENI_N:W8 S9PENI_N:W9

# # # # # # # #

pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions

S S S S S S S S

receives receives receives receives receives receives receives receives

income income income income income income income income

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2PENI_N R3PENI_N R4PENI_N R5PENI_N R6PENI_N R7PENI_N R8PENI_N R9PENI_N

1757 4742 5543 5670 5358 5217 4960 4654

1.116 1.114 1.120 1.125 1.126 1.146 1.142 1.154

0.365 0.357 0.372 0.381 0.371 0.400 0.394 0.416

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

4.000 5.000 4.000 6.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S2PENI_N S3PENI_N S4PENI_N S5PENI_N S6PENI_N S7PENI_N S8PENI_N S9PENI_N

1421 2952 3341 3378 3138 3033 2874 2652

1.122 1.109 1.108 1.109 1.113 1.138 1.120 1.138

0.373 0.360 0.355 0.357 0.354 0.392 0.371 0.396

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

4.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 5.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D.DK | .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refuse | .Z.Whether pen inc=no or miss | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |

R2PENI_N R3PENI_N R4PENI_N R5PENI_N R6PENI_N R7PENI_N R8PENI_N R9PENI_N 3 11 5 1 3 1 2 3 2 2 4 2 8222 1 6 4 2 2 2 4 1 9656 13232 15830 13904 12804 14906 13504 12558 1577 4256 4954 5043 4749 4532 4330 4023 161 440 523 558 550 622 567 554 15 39 54 57 53 49 53 66 4 6 12 11 5 14 10 11 1 1 1

Section F: Pension

Value-------------------------| .D.DK | .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refuse | .U.R not married | .Z.Whether pen inc=no or miss | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |

786

S2PENI_N S3PENI_N S4PENI_N S5PENI_N S6PENI_N S7PENI_N S8PENI_N S9PENI_N 3 7 4 1 1 3 3 1 2 1 4549 1 4 2 1 1 1 3 5970 5607 6845 6515 6291 6762 6415 6204 7695 9421 11189 9684 8737 10331 9176 8359 1268 2669 3026 3054 2817 2660 2568 2332 136 249 275 285 291 336 272 280 14 29 35 33 27 29 28 35 3 4 5 6 2 8 6 5 1 1

How Constructed: These variables are based on information given about pensions in the Income section. They do not consider information given about past pensions in the Employment section. The relevant pension questions are reported at the household level and are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's pension income and, if married, FinR's spouse's pension income. Adjustments are made when these measures are merged to the respondent (R) level, depending on whether R is the FinR or not. If R is the FinR, then measures concerning FinR are assigned to R and those about FinR's spouse are assigned to R's spouse. But if R is not the FinR, then measures about FinR are assigned to R's spouse and those concerning FinR's spouse are assigned to R. RwPENI_N indicates how many pensions from which the respondent is currently receiving income. SwPENI_N provides the information for the respondent's spouse or partner. In Wave 2H and from Wave 3 forward, if R is currently receiving income from more than one pension then number of pensions are reported. RwPENI_N is set to the number of pensions that R reports. If R responds no more than one pension income then RwPENI_N is set to 1. If R is currently not receiving any pension income then RwPENI_N is set to .Z. If R reports 10 or more pensions, they are considered outliers and coded as .M. Otherwise, RwPENI_N is set to a missing value based on missing values in HRS variables. SwPENI_N is constructed in the same way.

If R is not married, SwPENI_N is set to .U=unmarried.

These variables are included to provide context to the measure about continuation of a pension after death. Since that question is not asked in Waves 1 and 2A, that measure is not included for these earlier waves at this time.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data There are two questions regarding the number of pensions from which income is currently received. They are asked separately about the FinR and spouse/partner if the individual is receiving any pension income. The first question is: "Do [you (yourself)/your spouse/partner] receive income from more than one retirement pension?." If yes, another question asks: "How many retirement pensions do [you/your spouse/partner] receive?" In Wave 2H, if answer to the first question is no, then the second question is set to 0 in the raw data. From Wave 3 and forward, if the answer to the first question is no, the number of pensions question is filled with 1 in the raw data.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1994: W6071 W6072 W6073 W6074 AHEAD 1995: D4191

N20.RETIREMENT PENSIONS? N20a.WHO RECEIVES PENSIO N20b.>1 PENSION? N20c.NUMBER PENSIONS J30.RET PENSION

Section F: Pension

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

D4192 D4193 D4194 1996: E4209 E4210 E4211 E4212 1998: F4969 F4970 F4971 F4972 2000: G5424 G5425 G5426 G5427 2002: HQ215 HQ216 HQ217 HQ218 2004: JQ215 JQ216 JQ217 JQ218 2006: KQ215 KQ216 KQ217 KQ218 2008: LQ215 LQ216 LQ217 LQ218

J30A.WHO RECD PENSION J30B.>1 PENSION J30C.#PENSIONS J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION J129.>1 PENSION J130.#PENSIONS J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION J129.>1 PENSION J130.#PENSIONS J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION J129.>1 PENSION J130.#PENSIONS PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED

787

Section F: Pension

788

Whether pensions can continue Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2PENIC1 R3PENIC1 R4PENIC1 R5PENIC1 R6PENIC1 R7PENIC1 R8PENIC1 R9PENIC1

R2PENIC1:W2 R3PENIC1:W3 R4PENIC1:W4 R5PENIC1:W5 R6PENIC1:W6 R7PENIC1:W7 R8PENIC1:W8 R9PENIC1:W9

Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue

after after after after after after after after

death death death death death death death death

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2PENIC1 S3PENIC1 S4PENIC1 S5PENIC1 S6PENIC1 S7PENIC1 S8PENIC1 S9PENIC1

S2PENIC1:W2 S3PENIC1:W3 S4PENIC1:W4 S5PENIC1:W5 S6PENIC1:W6 S7PENIC1:W7 S8PENIC1:W8 S9PENIC1:W9

Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue

after after after after after after after after

death death death death death death death death

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2PENIC2 R3PENIC2 R4PENIC2 R5PENIC2 R6PENIC2 R7PENIC2 R8PENIC2 R9PENIC2

R2PENIC2:W2 R3PENIC2:W3 R4PENIC2:W4 R5PENIC2:W5 R6PENIC2:W6 R7PENIC2:W7 R8PENIC2:W8 R9PENIC2:W9

Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue

after after after after after after after after

death death death death death death death death

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2PENIC2 S3PENIC2 S4PENIC2 S5PENIC2 S6PENIC2 S7PENIC2 S8PENIC2 S9PENIC2

S2PENIC2:W2 S3PENIC2:W3 S4PENIC2:W4 S5PENIC2:W5 S6PENIC2:W6 S7PENIC2:W7 S8PENIC2:W8 S9PENIC2:W9

Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen Pen

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue Continue

after after after after after after after after

death death death death death death death death

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2PENIC1 R3PENIC1 R4PENIC1 R5PENIC1 R6PENIC1 R7PENIC1 R8PENIC1 R9PENIC1

1716 3379 5387 5489 5169 5051 4801 4481

1.925 1.990 1.670 1.732 1.713 1.731 1.632 1.668

0.969 1.190 0.966 1.174 1.194 1.210 0.968 1.147

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000

S2PENIC1 S3PENIC1 S4PENIC1 S5PENIC1

1382 2863 3240 3256

2.091 2.087 2.006 2.082

0.948 1.120 0.991 1.197

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000

Section F: Pension

789

S6PENIC1 S7PENIC1 S8PENIC1 S9PENIC1

2996 2924 2770 2520

2.077 2.094 1.987 2.022

1.187 1.200 1.023 1.134

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000

R2PENIC2 R3PENIC2 R4PENIC2 R5PENIC2 R6PENIC2 R7PENIC2 R8PENIC2 R9PENIC2

173 327 570 609 593 667 614 612

1.711 1.835 1.546 1.626 1.683 1.681 1.477 1.495

0.881 1.131 0.925 1.210 1.366 1.318 0.926 1.026

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000

S2PENIC2 S3PENIC2 S4PENIC2 S5PENIC2 S6PENIC2 S7PENIC2 S8PENIC2 S9PENIC2

146 273 306 314 311 359 298 308

1.836 1.938 1.873 1.987 2.026 2.019 1.826 1.815

0.895 1.137 1.011 1.309 1.416 1.332 1.068 1.096

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D.DK | .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refuse | .U.R not married | .Z.No pension income | 1=STOP | 2.Continue unchange | 3.Continue at reduced level | 4.Lump sum paid to beneficiary| 7.Other |

R2PENIC1 R3PENIC1 R4PENIC1 R5PENIC1 R6PENIC1 R7PENIC1 R8PENIC1 R9PENIC1 39 91 148 172 177 157 153 165 1 1 8222 2 6 7 9 12 9 5 8 1266 9663 13249 15841 13909 12809 14912 13509 12563 824 1648 3395 3472 3330 3218 3110 2960 217 422 537 530 519 511 519 441 670 1233 1363 1341 1189 1188 1093 982 69 24 49 5 76 23 122 131 134 30 98

Value-------------------------| .D.DK | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refuse | .U.R not married | .Z.No pension income | 1=STOP | 2.Continue unchange | 3.Continue at reduced level | 4.Lump sum paid to beneficiary| 7.Other |

S2PENIC1 S3PENIC1 S4PENIC1 S5PENIC1 S6PENIC1 S7PENIC1 S8PENIC1 S9PENIC1 38 84 96 113 131 104 100 126 4549 1 4 5 8 11 5 4 6 5970 5608 6845 6516 6291 6762 6415 6204 7702 9432 11198 9686 8738 10334 9180 8361 533 1203 1415 1419 1285 1239 1227 1123 202 401 479 473 484 467 461 406 644 1211 1296 1275 1155 1144 1040 944 37 11 20 3 48 13 78 72 74 22 47

Value-------------------------| .D.DK | .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refuse | .U.R not married | .Z.No pension income | 1=STOP | 2.Continue unchange | 3.Continue at reduced level | 4.Lump sum paid to beneficiary| 7.Other |

R2PENIC2 R3PENIC2 R4PENIC2 R5PENIC2 R6PENIC2 R7PENIC2 R8PENIC2 R9PENIC2 6 11 17 14 12 16 15 19 2 1 8222 1 1 2 2 4 1 1 147 11240 17505 20795 18952 17558 19444 17839 16586 99 180 397 428 416 459 450 454 25 45 52 53 53 66 62 53 49 96 113 107 98 116 90 95 5 4 7 6 3 17 26 26 5 10

Value-------------------------| .D.DK | .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv |

S2PENIC2 S3PENIC2 S4PENIC2 S5PENIC2 S6PENIC2 S7PENIC2 S8PENIC2 S9PENIC2 6 9 8 9 6 13 8 12 1 4549

Section F: Pension

.R.Refuse | .U.R not married | .Z.No pension income | 1=STOP | 2.Continue unchange | 3.Continue at reduced level | 4.Lump sum paid to beneficiary| 7.Other |

790

1 5970 8970 72 26 48

1 5608 12100 135 40 93 5

1 6845 14224 155 46 100 3 2

6518 12737 159 45 98 1 11

4 6291 11555 157 49 90

1 6762 12994 174 60 111

15

14

6415 11748 158 52 82 2 4

6204 10693 168 49 86 5

How Constructed: These variables are based on information given about pensions in the Income section. They do not consider information given about past pensions in the Employment section. The relevant pension questions are reported at the household level and are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's pension income and, if married, FinR's spouse's pension income. Adjustments are made when these measures are merged to the respondent (R) level, depending on whether R is the FinR or not. If R is the FinR, then measures concerning FinR are assigned to R and those about FinR's spouse are assigned to R's spouse. But if R is not the FinR, then measures about FinR are assigned to R's spouse and those concerning FinR's spouse are assigned to R. RwPENIC1 and RwPENIC2 indicate whether the respondent can continue pension #1 and pension #2 after death. SwPENIC1 and SwPENIC2 provide the information for the respondent's spouse or partner. RwPENIC1 and RwPENIC2 simply recode for missing values. RwPENIC1 is set to .Z if skipped because R has no pension income. RwPENIC2 is set to .Z if skipped because R has no more than two pension income. R3PENIC1 and R3PENIC2 are set to .U for Wave 3A cases who were unmarried. The spouse measures are constructed in the same way. are set to .U=unmarried.

If R is not married, SwPENIC1 and SwPENIC2

Because this question is not asked in Waves 1 and 2A, the measure is not included for these earlier waves.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In all waves these questions are only asked if pension income for R or spouse is reported. preceded by a question that asks how long the pension income will be received.

It is

In Wave 2H and from Wave 3 forward, the question asks: "If you were to die (before then [if the pension is received for a limited number of years]), would the payment stop, continue unchanged, or continue at a reduced level?." There are 4 answers: "1.STOP", "2.CONTINUE UNCHANGED", "3.CONTINUE AT A REDUCED LEVEL" or "7.Other". In Wave 4 and Wave 5, one more answer is added:"4. Lump sum paid to beneficiary". The same question is asked about the second pension income if two and more pensions are reported. In Wave 3A, the question was not asked of single respondents.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1994: W6071 W6072 W6073 W6074 W6082 W6090 AHEAD 1995: D4191 DR4192 DR4193 DR4194

N20.RETIREMENT PENSIONS? N20a.WHO RECEIVES PENSIO N20b.>1 PENSION? N20c.NUMBER PENSIONS N20k.PAYMENT STOP/CONTIN N20w.PAYMENT STOP/CONTIN J30.RET PENSION J30a.WHO RECD PENSION / R J30b/31.>1 PENSION / R J30c/31a.#PENSIONS / R

Section F: Pension

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

DR4205_1 DR4205_2 1996: E4209 ER4210 ER4211 ER4212 ER4229_1 ER4229_2 1998: F4969 F4972 FR4970 FR4971 FR4989_1 FR4989_2 2000: G5424 GR5425 GR5426 GR5427 GR5444_1 GR5444_2 2002: HQ215 HQR216 HQR217 HQR218 HQR236_1 HQR236_2 2004: JQ215 JQR216 JQR217 JQR218 JQR236_1 JQR236_2 2006: KQ215 KQR216 KQR217 KQR218 KQR236_1 KQR236_2 2008: LQ215 LQR216 LQR217 LQR218 LQR236_1 LQR236_2

J30k/31j.PENSION STOP DEATH-1 / R J30m/31k.STOP WITH DEATH PENSION-2 / R J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION/Self J129.>1 PENSION/Self J130.#PENSIONS/Self J142.PENSION STOP WITH DEATH/Self J142.PENSION STOP WITH DEATH/Self J127.RET PENSION J130.#PENSIONS J128.WHO RECD PENSION/Self J129.>1 PENSION/Self J142.PENSION STOP WITH DEATH/Self J142.PENSION STOP WITH DEATH/Self J127.RET PENSION J128.WHO RECD PENSION/Self J129.>1 PENSION/Self J130.#PENSIONS/Self J142.PENSION STOP WITH DEATH/Self J142.PENSION STOP WITH DEATH/Self PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC/Self R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION/Self NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED/Self R PENSION CONTINUE HOW -1/Self R PENSION CONTINUE HOW -2/Self PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC/Self R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION/Self NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED/Self R PENSION CONTINUE HOW -1/Self R PENSION CONTINUE HOW -2/Self PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC/Self R INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION/Self NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED/Self R PENSION CONTINUE HOW -1/Self R PENSION CONTINUE HOW -2/Self PENSION RETIREMENT INCOME WHO REC PENSION RETIREMENT INC/Self INCOME FR MORE THAN ONE PENSION/Self NUMBER OF PENSIONS R RECEIVED/Self PENSION CONTINUE HOW -1/Self PENSION CONTINUE HOW -2/Self

791

Section F: Pension

792

Any pension from current job Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1JCPEN R2JCPEN R3JCPEN R4JCPEN R5JCPEN R6JCPEN R7JCPEN R8JCPEN R9JCPEN

R1JCPEN:W1 R2JCPEN:W2 R3JCPEN:W3 R4JCPEN:W4 R5JCPEN:W5 R6JCPEN:W6 R7JCPEN:W7 R8JCPEN:W8 R9JCPEN:W9

Has Has Has Has Has Has Has Has Has

pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension

current current current current current current current current current

job job job job job job job job job

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1JCPEN S2JCPEN S3JCPEN S4JCPEN S5JCPEN S6JCPEN S7JCPEN S8JCPEN S9JCPEN

S1JCPEN:W1 S2JCPEN:W2 S3JCPEN:W3 S4JCPEN:W4 S5JCPEN:W5 S6JCPEN:W6 S7JCPEN:W7 S8JCPEN:W8 S9JCPEN:W9

Has Has Has Has Has Has Has Has Has

pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension

current current current current current current current current current

job job job job job job job job job

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R1JCPENF R2JCPENF R3JCPENF R4JCPENF R5JCPENF R6JCPENF R7JCPENF R8JCPENF

R1JCPENF:W1 R2JCPENF:W2 R3JCPENF:W3 R4JCPENF:W4 R5JCPENF:W5 R6JCPENF:W6 R7JCPENF:W7 R8JCPENF:W8

Further Further Further Further Further Further Further Further

info info info info info info info info

on on on on on on on on

JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

S1JCPENF S2JCPENF S3JCPENF S4JCPENF S5JCPENF S6JCPENF S7JCPENF S8JCPENF

S1JCPENF:W1 S2JCPENF:W2 S3JCPENF:W3 S4JCPENF:W4 S5JCPENF:W5 S6JCPENF:W6 S7JCPENF:W7 S8JCPENF:W8

Further Further Further Further Further Further Further Further

info info info info info info info info

on on on on on on on on

JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN JCPEN

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable R1JCPEN R2JCPEN R3JCPEN R4JCPEN R5JCPEN R6JCPEN R7JCPEN R8JCPEN R9JCPEN

N 8295 7010 6565 8288 7111 6003 7788 6564 5796

Mean 0.537 0.536 0.498 0.484 0.478 0.446 0.470 0.443 0.445

Std Dev 0.499 0.499 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.497 0.499 0.497 0.497

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section F: Pension

793

S1JCPEN S2JCPEN S3JCPEN S4JCPEN S5JCPEN S6JCPEN S7JCPEN S8JCPEN S9JCPEN

6546 5476 5014 6165 5312 4463 5720 4816 4189

0.537 0.535 0.500 0.496 0.488 0.452 0.480 0.452 0.457

0.499 0.499 0.500 0.500 0.500 0.498 0.500 0.498 0.498

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1JCPENF R2JCPENF R3JCPENF R4JCPENF R5JCPENF R6JCPENF R7JCPENF R8JCPENF

8295 7010 6565 8288 7111 6003 7788 6564

0.000 0.662 0.636 0.539 0.729 0.771 0.450 0.723

0.000 1.203 1.203 1.329 1.453 1.647 1.278 1.503

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 11.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 11.000 11.000 11.000

S1JCPENF S2JCPENF S3JCPENF S4JCPENF S5JCPENF S6JCPENF S7JCPENF S8JCPENF

6546 5476 5014 6165 5312 4463 5720 4816

0.000 0.668 0.633 0.543 0.754 0.767 0.443 0.738

0.000 1.211 1.201 1.310 1.479 1.636 1.257 1.517

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 11.000 9.000 9.000 9.000 11.000 11.000 10.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1JCPEN .D.DK | 68 .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refused | 16 .W.Not Working | 4273 0.No | 3839 1.Yes | 4456

R2JCPEN 21 12 8222 1 4376 3254 3756

R3JCPEN 21 224

R4JCPEN 33 66

R5JCPEN 43 43

R6JCPEN 32 1

R7JCPEN 32 2

R8JCPEN 25 39

R9JCPEN 36 18

7 11174 3293 3272

11 12986 4273 4015

6 12376 3711 3400

27 12104 3324 2679

19 12288 4127 3661

14 11827 3658 2906

22 11345 3218 2578

Value-------------------------| S1JCPEN .D.DK | 46 .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refused | 10 .U.R not married | 2373 .V.S non-response | 379 .W.Not Working | 3298 0.No | 3034 1.Yes | 3512

S2JCPEN 15 9 4549

S3JCPEN 17 137

S4JCPEN 22 49

S5JCPEN 35 29

S6JCPEN 24 1

S7JCPEN 27 1

S8JCPEN 23 27

S9JCPEN 27 9

5 5658 418 6742 2506 2508

1 6869 537 7741 3106 3059

4 6538 311 7350 2720 2592

20 6306 220 7133 2445 2018

15 6777 380 7209 2973 2747

7 6417 317 6862 2640 2176

13 6206 365 6408 2276 1913

5970 384 3239 2549 2927

Value-------------------------|R1JCPENF R2JCPENF R3JCPENF R4JCPENF R5JCPENF R6JCPENF R7JCPENF R8JCPENF .Q.Not asked this wv | 8222 .S.No pen info | 4357 4410 11426 13096 12468 12164 12341 11905 0.No addl info | 8295 3853 3826 5754 4295 3703 5907 3960 1.No rules chg | 2777 2323 2036 2203 1732 1492 2068 2.No chg/JCPEN=no, b/c 0 plan | 13 72 117 43 104 67 98 3.No chg/PENCT= #ptyp or gt1 Q| 2 5 9 4 4.Rules chg | 271 262 228 405 256 164 245 5.Rule chg/JCPEN=no, b/c 0 pln| 4 2 3 5 6 6.New Pen/JCPEN=no, b/c 0 plan| 20 10 15 7 7.Old and new pen info | 10 4 4 10 8.Denies but had pen | 73 68 80 142 123 113 172 9.Denies and no pen | 10 69 1 53 10.RuleChg/PENCT= #ptyp, gt1 Q| 4 1 3 11.New Pen/PENCT= #ptyp, gt1 Q| 3 3 16 1

Section F: Pension

794

Value-------------------------|S1JCPENF S2JCPENF S3JCPENF S4JCPENF S5JCPENF S6JCPENF S7JCPENF S8JCPENF .Q.Not asked this wv | 4549 .S.No pen info | 3354 3263 6901 7813 7418 7178 7252 6919 .U.R not married | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 .V.S non-response | 379 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 0.No addl info | 6546 3015 2935 4244 3138 2747 4319 2869 1.No rules chg | 2150 1766 1543 1704 1298 1133 1544 2.No chg/JCPEN=no, b/c 0 plan | 11 50 91 33 76 46 76 3.No chg/PENCT= #ptyp or gt1 Q| 2 3 9 2 4.Rules chg | 225 200 179 306 193 106 184 5.Rule chg/JCPEN=no, b/c 0 pln| 4 2 2 5 3 6.New Pen/JCPEN=no, b/c 0 plan| 15 7 10 3 7.Old and new pen info | 9 4 3 4 8.Denies but had pen | 54 53 61 113 91 80 133 9.Denies and no pen | 6 44 1 39 10.RuleChg/PENCT= #ptyp, gt1 Q| 3 2 11.New Pen/PENCT= #ptyp, gt1 Q| 3 3 12

How Constructed: RwJCPEN indicates whether the respondent has any pension plan from the current job and RwJCPENF provides additional detail about the source of information for RwJCPEN. SwJCPEN and SwJCPENF provide the information for the respondent's spouse or partner. The set of questions asked differs depending on whether R had a pension and worked for the same employer in the previous wave or not. Whether R is considered to have had a pension in the previous wave is indicated by a preloaded variable. Considerably more information is collected about pensions that are newly reported or where the rules have changed. RwJCPENF indicates which situation applies to R in Wave 'w'. If R is working, questions ask about the current job's pension plan. If the current job is newly reported in a given wave or if R was not included in a pension plan with the current employer at the previous wave, R is asked if s/he is included in a pension plan and if so, how many. In follow-up questions, characteristics of the plans are collected. Before Wave 5 questions ask about up to three plans. From Wave 5 forward, they ask about up to four. In these cases, RwJCPEN is set to yes (=1) if R reports being included in a pension and subsequently reports at least one pension when asked how many, or reports at least one plan type. If R responds no to the inclusion question, or if the number of pension plans is zero and no plan type is reported, RwJCPEN is set to no (=0). RwJCPENF (=6) flags cases where RwJCPEN is set to no based on the number of plans being zero. If R is working for the same employer as in the previous wave and was included in a pension plan then, s/he is asked if the rules of the pension have changed. If R indicates that the rules have changed, s/he is asked the complete set of questions asked about newly reported pensions. Except in Wave 7, if the rules have not changed, a limited number of follow-up questions about pension characteristics are asked. In Wave 7, R is asked the complete set of questions regardless of whether the rules have changed. R may also deny having the pension. In these cases, RwJCPEN is assumed to be yes (=1), unless the pension is denied, or the number of plans reported is zero and no plan type is given. If R denies having a pension, RwJCPEN is set to zero, and RwJCPENF (=8 or 9) indicates the denial along with whether the data show R reporting a pension in the previous wave. Whether or not R indicates a rules change, RwJCPEN is set to no (=0) if the number of plans reported is zero and no plan type information is reported. RwJCPENF (=2 or 5) indicates whether this was done, as well as whether a rules change was reported (=1, 2, or 3) or not (=4 or 5). If the number of plans reported is zero and any plan type information is provided, the presence of plan types are used to count the number of pensions, and RwJCPENF (=3) that this was done. In some cases, information appears in both sets of questions, usually when R reports have more than three (or four) pensions for which the rules did not change. These cases are flagged by RwJCPENF (=7) and only the information associated with no rules change is used. In Wave 9, the pension questionnaire changed. The skip patterns are less complicated and less information is collected. We will not be including R9JCPENF because everyone is asked if they have

Section F: Pension

795

a pension on their current job right at the beginning of the section. So, unlike previous waves, there is only one way R is asked this question. RwJCPEN is set to .W if skipped because R has no current job, and to missing values indicated in the HRS variables as appropriate. SwJCPEN and SwJCPENF information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwJCPEN and RwJCPENF variables, if available. If R is not married, SwJCPEN and SwJCPENF are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwJCPEN and SwJCPENF are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. Because this question is not asked in Wave 2A, the variables are set to .Q.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, questions ask about the current job's pension. The wording differs depending on whether R is self-employed or not. For the self-employed the question asks: "Aside from IRA or Keogh plans, are you included in any pension plans or tax-deferred savings plans through your work?" For those employed by a firm the question asks: "Now I'd like to ask about pension or retirement plans on your job, sponsored by your employer or union. This includes not only basic pension or retirement plans, but also tax-deferred plans like thrift, savings, 401k, deferred profit-sharing, or stock ownership plans. Are you included in any such pension, retirement, or tax-deferred plan with this employer?". In Wave 2H, 3H and from Wave 4 forward, those who are with the same employer and who reported having a pension at the previous wave are asked if the rules have changed. Those working who a) did not report a current job pension in the previous wave or b) who changed jobs between waves are asked if they are included in a pension plan on the current job. The question wording differs depending on whether R is self-employed or not. For those employed by the same firm, or self-employed in the current and previous waves, who had a pension in a previous wave, question asks: "Have the rules that govern your pension benefits or the age you can receive them changed since [PREVIOUS WAVE MONTH/YEAR]?" For those employed by a new firm or employed by the same firm without a previous wave pension, the question is the same as that asked of firm employees in Wave 1. For those who are newly self-employed or still self-employed without a previous wave pension, the question is the same as that in Wave 1, preceded by the statement: "Now I'd like to ask about pension or retirement plans on your job." The questions are not asked in Wave 2A. In Wave 3A, only the questions about the current job's pension plan are asked, with the same wording as in Wave 1. Except in Wave 7, for those who report working for the same employer as in the previous wave, who were included in a pension plan at that time, and who indicate that the rules have not changed, a limited number of follow-up questions about pension characteristics are asked. In Wave 7 only, R is asked the complete set of follow-up questions about the current job pension regardless of whether the rules have changed. In all waves, the complete set of questions is asked of all those who report having a new current job pension, i.e., those who changed jobs or self-employment status between waves, who did not report having a current job pension at the prior wave, who report a rules change in the pension they had a the previous wave, or who are new to the HRS study. In Wave 9, the pension questionnaire changed. The skip patterns are less complicated and less information is collected. As a result, we are not including R9JCPENF. All respondents are asked if they have a pension on their current job right at the beginning of the section. So, unlike previous waves, there is only one way R is asked this question.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V2838 V2901 HRS 1994:

F36:PENSION PLANS F37:PENS/RET PLNS ON JOB

Section F: Pension

W3710 W3748 W4375 W4376 AHEAD 1995: D2928 D2955 D3287 HRS 1996: E2835 E2861 HRS 1998: F3359 F3389 HRS 2000: G3619 G3654 HRS 2002: HJ268 HJ324 HRS 2004: JJ268 JJ324 HRS 2006: KJ268 KJ324 HRS 2008: LJ324 LJ848 LJ849

FA63.PENSION RULES CHANG FA71.PLAN OFFERED BY EMP FB26.PENSION/RETIREMENT FB27.PENSION RULES CHANG GA63.PENSION RULES CHANGED GA71. WHETHER PENSION PLAN GB26.INCLUDED IN PENSION PLAN G67.PENSION RULES CHANGED G75.PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER G67.PENSION RULES CHANGED G75.PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER G67.PENSION RULES CHANGED G75.PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER PENSION RULES CHANGED PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER PENSION RULES CHANGED PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER PENSION RULES CHANGED PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER FIRM/UNION OFFERS PENSION PARTICIPATING IN PLAN

796

Section F: Pension

797

# of pensions from current job Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1PENCT R2PENCT R3PENCT R4PENCT R5PENCT R6PENCT R7PENCT R8PENCT R9PENCT

R1PENCT:W1 R2PENCT:W2 R3PENCT:W3 R4PENCT:W4 R5PENCT:W5 R6PENCT:W6 R7PENCT:W7 R8PENCT:W8 R9PENCT:W9

# # # # # # # # #

pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions

current current current current current current current current current

job job job job job job job job job

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1PENCT S2PENCT S3PENCT S4PENCT S5PENCT S6PENCT S7PENCT S8PENCT S9PENCT

S1PENCT:W1 S2PENCT:W2 S3PENCT:W3 S4PENCT:W4 S5PENCT:W5 S6PENCT:W6 S7PENCT:W7 S8PENCT:W8 S9PENCT:W9

# # # # # # # # #

pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions pensions

current current current current current current current current current

job job job job job job job job job

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1PENCT R2PENCT R3PENCT R4PENCT R5PENCT R6PENCT R7PENCT R8PENCT R9PENCT

4452 3733 3230 3960 3361 2637 3623 2880 2576

1.329 1.216 1.225 1.279 1.227 1.225 1.344 1.215 1.352

0.586 0.492 0.512 0.538 0.483 0.476 0.599 0.468 0.572

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

8.000 5.000 8.000 6.000 5.000 4.000 6.000 5.000 5.000

S1PENCT S2PENCT S3PENCT S4PENCT S5PENCT S6PENCT S7PENCT S8PENCT S9PENCT

3508 2910 2474 3015 2559 1985 2719 2157 1911

1.337 1.224 1.234 1.291 1.233 1.231 1.352 1.221 1.359

0.599 0.503 0.513 0.550 0.491 0.482 0.609 0.481 0.582

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

8.000 5.000 5.000 6.000 5.000 4.000 6.000 5.000 5.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1PENCT .D.DK | 1 .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refuse | 3 .S.No pen info | 8196 .Z.No pen based on PENCT | 1 | 3209

R2PENCT 18 8222 5 7647 17 3037

R3PENCT 28 8

R4PENCT 43 1

R5PENCT 35 2

R6PENCT 30

R7PENCT 29 1

R8PENCT 17 5

R9PENCT 7

6 14647 72 2611

11 17252 117 3001

2 16114 65 2680

12 15371 117 2105

8 16381 87 2569

4 15452 111 2324

2 14632 1783

Section F: Pension

798

2 3 4 5 6 8

| | | | | |

1058 161 18 3 2 1

606 72 15 3

Value-------------------------| S1PENCT .D.DK | 1 .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refuse | 3 .S.No pen info | 6388 .U.R not married | 2373 .V.S non-response | 379 .Z.No pen based on PENCT | 1 | 2512 2 | 844 3 | 130 4 | 16 5 | 3 6 | 2 8 | 1

S2PENCT 14

532 72 12 2

833 110 12 3 1

614 56 8 3

477 48 7

898 130 18 6 2

502 49 2 3

692 91 8 2

S3PENCT 24 6

S4PENCT 34 1

S5PENCT 30 1

S6PENCT 26

S7PENCT 24 1

S8PENCT 12 4

S9PENCT 5

4 9357 5658 418 50 1982 418 62 10 2

9 10828 6869 537 91 2259 655 87 10 3 1

2 10088 6538 311 50 2027 479 44 6 3

7 9538 6306 220 85 1574 369 36 6

3 10164 6777 380 61 1913 687 96 16 5 2

3 9477 6417 317 82 1734 378 40 2 3

2 8728 6206 365

1

4549 3 5797 5970 384 15 2354 479 61 14 2

1314 518 70 7 2

How Constructed: RwPENCT indicates the number of pension plans that R has from current job. SwPENCT provides the information for the respondent's spouse or partner. If R indicates that s/he has pension plan from the current job, s/he is asked for the number of plans. RwPENCT is set to the number of pension plans that R reports. If R reports zero plans, but provides any pension type information, RwPENCT is set to the number of plans with pension type information. RwPENCT is set to .S if skipped because R has no pension in the current job, was missing whether s/he has a pension, or is not working. It is set to .Z if R reported having zero pension plans and did not provide any plan type information. Note that in this situation, RwJCPEN was set to no. Beginning in Wave 6, if R doesn’t know the number of plans, a follow-up question asks if it is more than one. If the response is just one plan then RwPENCT is set to one. If it is more than one, then RwPENCT is set to two. Otherwise, if missing RwPENCT is set based on the missing values coded in the HRS variables. RwJCPENF indicates if the RwPENCT is set based on the number of plans with pension type information or using the follow-up question about whether there is just one plan or more than one. The relevant RwJCPENF codes are 3, 10, and 11. SwPENCT information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwPENCT variable, if available. If R is not married, SwPENCT is set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwPENCT is set to .V=Spouse is non-response. Because this question is not asked in Wave 2A, the variables are set to .Q.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, the questions ask about the current job's pension. The number of pensions is asked only if R reported being included in a pension plan. The question asks: "In how many different pension plans of this sort are you included on this job?" In Wave 2H, 3H and from Wave 4 forward, those who are with the same employer and who reported having a pension at the previous wave are asked if the rules have changed. Except in Wave 7, if R reports no rules change, a question asks about the number of pensions: "In how many different pension plans are you included on this job?". In Wave 7, or in other waves, if there is no rules change, or there is no prior wave pension with the current employer but R reports one in the current wave, the question wording for the number of pensions is the same as that asked in Wave 1.

Section F: Pension

799

RwJCPENF indicates the source of the pension information (rules change, no rules change, or, if no additional information, for a new pension). In Wave 2H, the questions are asked separately for those employed by a firm and the self-employed, but the question wording is the same for both. In Wave 3A, only the questions about the current job's pension plan are asked, and they are asked in two places. The wording in both places is the same as in Wave 1. The questions are not asked in Wave 2A. From Wave 6 forward, those who don’t know the number of pensions are asked a follow-up question: "Is this just one plan or more than one?". The answers may be one plan or more than one plan. In Wave 7, values 8 and 9 are missing values and so it is not possible for anyone to have more than 7 pension plans. In other waves the missing value codes are 98 and 99.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V2838 V2901 V2908 HRS 1994: W3710 W3711 W3748 W3755 W4375 W4376 W4377 W4414 AHEAD 1995: D2928 D2955 D2964 D3287 D3325 HRS 1996: E2835 E2837 E2861 E2870 HRS 1998: F3359 F3361 F3389 F3398 HRS 2000: G3619 G3621 G3654 G3678 HRS 2002: HJ265 HJ268 HJ269 HJ270 HJ324 HJ335 HJ336 HRS 2004: JJ265

F36:PENSION PLANS F37:PENS/RET PLNS ON JOB F38:# PLNS INCLD ON JB FA63.PENSION RULES CHANG FA64.NUMBER PENSION PLAN FA71.PLAN OFFERED BY EMP FA72.NUMBER PENSION PLAN FB26.PENSION/RETIREMENT FB27.PENSION RULES CHANG FB28.NUMBER PENSION PLAN FB36.NUMBER PENSION PLAN GA63.PENSION RULES CHANGED GA71. WHETHER PENSION PLAN GA72. NUMBER PENSION PLANS GB26.INCLUDED IN PENSION PLAN GB36. NUMBER PENSION PLANS G67.PENSION RULES CHANGED G68.NUMBER PENSION PLANS G75.PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER G76.NUMBER PENSION PLANS INCLUDED G67.PENSION RULES CHANGED G68.NUMBER PENSION PLANS G75.PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER G76.NUMBER PENSION PLANS INCLUDED G67.PENSION RULES CHANGED G68.NUMBER PENSION PLANS G75.PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER G76.NUMBER PENSION PLANS INCLUDED J265 BRANCHPOINT PENSION RULES CHANGED CURRENT JOB- # PENSION PLANS CURRENT JOB- ONE PLAN OR MORE PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER # PENSION PLANS INCLUDED INCLUDED ONE PLAN OR MORE J265 BRANCHPOINT

Section F: Pension

JJ268 JJ324 JJ335 JJ336 HRS 2006: KJ265 KJ268 KJ269 KJ270 KJ324 KJ335 KJ336 HRS 2008: LJ335 LJ336

PENSION RULES CHANGED PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER # PENSION PLANS INCLUDED INCLUDED ONE PLAN OR MORE J265 BRANCHPOINT PENSION RULES CHANGED CURRENT JOB- # PENSION PLANS CURRENT JOB- ONE PLAN OR MORE PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER # PENSION PLANS INCLUDED INCLUDED ONE PLAN OR MORE # PENSION PLANS INCLUDED INCLUDED ONE PLAN OR MORE

800

Section F: Pension

801

Type of pension from current job Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1PTYP1 R2PTYP1 R3PTYP1 R4PTYP1 R5PTYP1 R6PTYP1 R7PTYP1 R8PTYP1 R9PTYP1

R1PTYP1:W1 R2PTYP1:W2 R3PTYP1:W3 R4PTYP1:W4 R5PTYP1:W5 R6PTYP1:W6 R7PTYP1:W7 R8PTYP1:W8 R9PTYP1:W9

Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current

pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension

type type type type type type type type type

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1PTYP1 S2PTYP1 S3PTYP1 S4PTYP1 S5PTYP1 S6PTYP1 S7PTYP1 S8PTYP1 S9PTYP1

S1PTYP1:W1 S2PTYP1:W2 S3PTYP1:W3 S4PTYP1:W4 S5PTYP1:W5 S6PTYP1:W6 S7PTYP1:W7 S8PTYP1:W8 S9PTYP1:W9

Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current

pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension

type type type type type type type type type

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1PTYP2 R2PTYP2 R3PTYP2 R4PTYP2 R5PTYP2 R6PTYP2 R7PTYP2 R8PTYP2 R9PTYP2

R1PTYP2:W1 R2PTYP2:W2 R3PTYP2:W3 R4PTYP2:W4 R5PTYP2:W5 R6PTYP2:W6 R7PTYP2:W7 R8PTYP2:W8 R9PTYP2:W9

Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current

pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension

type type type type type type type type type

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1PTYP2 S2PTYP2 S3PTYP2 S4PTYP2 S5PTYP2 S6PTYP2 S7PTYP2 S8PTYP2 S9PTYP2

S1PTYP2:W1 S2PTYP2:W2 S3PTYP2:W3 S4PTYP2:W4 S5PTYP2:W5 S6PTYP2:W6 S7PTYP2:W7 S8PTYP2:W8 S9PTYP2:W9

Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current

pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension

type type type type type type type type type

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1PTYP3 R2PTYP3 R3PTYP3 R4PTYP3 R5PTYP3 R6PTYP3 R7PTYP3 R8PTYP3 R9PTYP3

R1PTYP3:W1 R2PTYP3:W2 R3PTYP3:W3 R4PTYP3:W4 R5PTYP3:W5 R6PTYP3:W6 R7PTYP3:W7 R8PTYP3:W8 R9PTYP3:W9

Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current

pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension

type type type type type type type type type

#3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

S1PTYP3

S1PTYP3:W1 Current pension type #3

Categ

Section F: Pension

802

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2PTYP3 S3PTYP3 S4PTYP3 S5PTYP3 S6PTYP3 S7PTYP3 S8PTYP3 S9PTYP3

S2PTYP3:W2 S3PTYP3:W3 S4PTYP3:W4 S5PTYP3:W5 S6PTYP3:W6 S7PTYP3:W7 S8PTYP3:W8 S9PTYP3:W9

Current Current Current Current Current Current Current Current

pension pension pension pension pension pension pension pension

type type type type type type type type

#3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3 #3

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

5 6 7 8 9

R5PTYP4 R6PTYP4 R7PTYP4 R8PTYP4 R9PTYP4

R5PTYP4:W5 R6PTYP4:W6 R7PTYP4:W7 R8PTYP4:W8 R9PTYP4:W9

Current Current Current Current Current

pension pension pension pension pension

type type type type type

#4 #4 #4 #4 #4

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

5 6 7 8 9

S5PTYP4 S6PTYP4 S7PTYP4 S8PTYP4 S9PTYP4

S5PTYP4:W5 S6PTYP4:W6 S7PTYP4:W7 S8PTYP4:W8 S9PTYP4:W9

Current Current Current Current Current

pension pension pension pension pension

type type type type type

#4 #4 #4 #4 #4

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1PTYP1 R2PTYP1 R3PTYP1 R4PTYP1 R5PTYP1 R6PTYP1 R7PTYP1 R8PTYP1 R9PTYP1

4354 3671 3167 3875 3238 2559 3537 2810 2413

1.411 1.478 1.576 1.628 1.592 1.640 1.658 1.646 1.689

0.554 0.611 0.636 0.638 0.590 0.614 0.587 0.584 0.532

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S1PTYP1 S2PTYP1 S3PTYP1 S4PTYP1 S5PTYP1 S6PTYP1 S7PTYP1 S8PTYP1 S9PTYP1

3431 2862 2422 2961 2465 1930 2654 2107 1803

1.410 1.479 1.589 1.642 1.590 1.646 1.669 1.658 1.694

0.552 0.615 0.640 0.641 0.589 0.612 0.588 0.584 0.529

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R1PTYP2 R2PTYP2 R3PTYP2 R4PTYP2 R5PTYP2 R6PTYP2 R7PTYP2 R8PTYP2 R9PTYP2

1229 677 596 931 652 502 1025 532 708

1.849 1.747 1.802 1.768 1.702 1.759 1.775 1.773 1.734

0.387 0.535 0.520 0.551 0.487 0.547 0.503 0.462 0.470

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S1PTYP2 S2PTYP2 S3PTYP2 S4PTYP2 S5PTYP2

986 540 476 736 512

1.847 1.744 1.809 1.768 1.689

0.387 0.546 0.518 0.544 0.492

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Section F: Pension

803

S6PTYP2 S7PTYP2 S8PTYP2 S9PTYP2

389 783 405 535

1.738 1.769 1.758 1.744

0.540 0.507 0.478 0.470

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R1PTYP3 R2PTYP3 R3PTYP3 R4PTYP3 R5PTYP3 R6PTYP3 R7PTYP3 R8PTYP3 R9PTYP3

176 80 74 116 58 47 139 48 82

1.926 1.863 1.851 1.698 1.707 1.787 1.741 1.771 1.768

0.303 0.631 0.488 0.547 0.496 0.587 0.487 0.472 0.504

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S1PTYP3 S2PTYP3 S3PTYP3 S4PTYP3 S5PTYP3 S6PTYP3 S7PTYP3 S8PTYP3 S9PTYP3

143 69 61 92 46 36 107 41 66

1.923 1.870 1.869 1.696 1.630 1.806 1.720 1.780 1.773

0.316 0.616 0.465 0.550 0.532 0.577 0.491 0.475 0.520

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R5PTYP4 R6PTYP4 R7PTYP4 R8PTYP4 R9PTYP4

10 5 23 4 6

1.700 1.600 1.870 1.250 2.000

0.483 0.548 0.458 0.500 0.632

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

2.000 2.000 3.000 2.000 3.000

S5PTYP4 S6PTYP4 S7PTYP4 S8PTYP4 S9PTYP4

8 5 21 4 5

1.750 1.600 1.857 1.250 1.800

0.463 0.548 0.478 0.500 0.447

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

2.000 2.000 3.000 2.000 2.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1PTYP1 .D.DK | 93 .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refused | 9 .S.No pen info | 8196 1.DB | 2703 2.DC | 1511 3.DB+DC | 140

R2PTYP1 60

Value-------------------------| S1PTYP1 .D.DK | 75 .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refused | 6 .S.No pen info | 6388 .U.R not married | 2373 .V.S non-response | 379 1.DB | 2132 2.DC | 1191 3.DB+DC | 108

S2PTYP1 46

Value-------------------------| R1PTYP2 .D.DK | 15 .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv |

R2PTYP2 13

8222 15 7674 2145 1298 228

4549 13 5818 5970 384 1675 1003 184

8222

R3PTYP1 48 7

R4PTYP1 83

R5PTYP1 121

R6PTYP1 76

R7PTYP1 84

R8PTYP1 69

R9PTYP1 160

8 14761 1596 1318 253

2 17424 1776 1763 336

2 16218 1495 1570 173

2 15530 1107 1265 187

2 16506 1420 1905 212

3 15587 1153 1499 158

10 14634 833 1497 83

S3PTYP1 40 5

S4PTYP1 53

S5PTYP1 92

S6PTYP1 54

S7PTYP1 63

S8PTYP1 49

S9PTYP1 106

7 9441 5658 418 1198 1022 202

1 10963 6869 537 1327 1367 267

2 10171 6538 311 1140 1196 129

1 9656 6306 220 825 964 141

2 10253 6777 380 1043 1446 165

3 9576 6417 317 842 1143 122

7 8730 6206 365 613 1129 61

R3PTYP2 17 1

R4PTYP2 18 1

R5PTYP2 26

R6PTYP2 22 2

R7PTYP2 28

R8PTYP2 20 1

R9PTYP2 81 1

Section F: Pension

.R.Refused .S.No pen info 1.DB 2.DC 3.DB+DC

804

| | | | |

4 11404 199 1017 13

6 10724 204 440 33

6 17371 151 412 33

12 20422 274 599 58

3 18898 203 440 9

6 17635 150 323 29

1 19075 271 714 40

4 17912 131 391 10

3 16424 197 502 9

Value-------------------------| S1PTYP2 .D.DK | 10 .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refused | 4 .S.No pen info | 8900 .U.R not married | 2373 .V.S non-response | 379 1.DB | 161 2.DC | 815 3.DB+DC | 10

S2PTYP2 11

S3PTYP2 10 1

S4PTYP2 14 1

S5PTYP2 18

S6PTYP2 16 2

S7PTYP2 22

S8PTYP2 15 1

S9PTYP2 60 1

6 11422 5658 418 118 331 27

8 13219 6869 537 214 479 43

2 12198 6538 311 166 339 7

4 11230 6306 220 121 249 19

1 12166 6777 380 212 540 31

3 11311 6417 317 107 289 9

1 10049 6206 365 145 382 8

Value-------------------------| R1PTYP3 .D.DK | 9 .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refused | 4 .S.No pen info | 12463 1.DB | 15 2.DC | 159 3.DB+DC | 2

R2PTYP3 8

R3PTYP3 7 2

R4PTYP3 12 1

R5PTYP3 8

R6PTYP3 4 2

R7PTYP3 14

R8PTYP3 3 1

R9PTYP3 13

6 17902 15 55 4

4 21251 40 71 5

1 19512 18 39 1

2 18112 14 29 4

3 19973 39 97 3

2 18415 12 35 1

6 17116 22 57 3

Value-------------------------| S1PTYP3 .D.DK | 9 .M.Missing | .Q.Not asked this wv | .R.Refused | 4 .S.No pen info | 9744 .U.R not married | 2373 .V.S non-response | 379 1.DB | 13 2.DC | 128 3.DB+DC | 2

S2PTYP3 6

S3PTYP3 7 2

S4PTYP3 11

S5PTYP3 7

S6PTYP3 3 1

S7PTYP3 11

S8PTYP3 1 1

S9PTYP3 8

6 11839 5658 418 11 47 3

4 13871 6869 537 32 56 4

12677 6538 311 18 27 1

2 11599 6306 220 10 23 3

1 12853 6777 380 32 73 2

2 11690 6417 317 10 30 1

5 10567 6206 365 18 45 3

R7PTYP4 3

R8PTYP4 1

R9PTYP4 4

20103 4 18 1

18464 3 1

17207 1 4 1

S7PTYP4 2

S8PTYP4 1

S9PTYP4 4

12949 6777 380 4 16 1

11730 6417 317 3 1

10637 6206 365 1 4

4549 5 8183 5970 384 167 344 29

8222 2 11330 22 47 11

4549 2 8662 5970 384 18 42 9

Value-------------------------| .D.DK | .M.Missing | .S.No pen info | 1.DB | 2.DC | 3.DB+DC |

R5PTYP4 1 19568 3 7

R6PTYP4 1 1 18160 2 3

Value-------------------------| .D.DK | .M.Missing | .S.No pen info | .U.R not married | .V.S non-response | 1.DB | 2.DC | 3.DB+DC |

S5PTYP4

S6PTYP4

1 12721 6538 311 2 6

1 11635 6306 220 2 3

How Constructed: RwPTYP1, RwPTYP2, RwPTYP3 and RwPTYP4 indicate the types of pension plans in which the respondent is included for the current job. Before Waves 5, up to three plan types may be reported. From Wave 5 forward, up to four plan types may be reported. SwPTYP1, SwPTYP2, SwPTYP3 and SwPTYP4 provide the information for the respondent's spouse or partner. If R is included in a pension in his/her current job then s/he is asked for the type of plan. R may identify the plan type as Type A, Type B, or both. A Type A plan refers to a defined benefits (DB) plan and a Type B plan refers to a defined contribution (DC) plan. RwPTYP1, RwPTYP2, RwPTYP3 and RwPTYP4 are set to the types of pensions that R reports. The plan type is simply recoded for

Section F: Pension

805

missing values. It is set to .S if the question is skipped because R does not have the pension, e.g., if R has one pension RwPTYP2 to RwPTYP3 (or RwPTYP4 from Wave 5 on) are set to .S. They are also set to .S if R does not have a pension on the current job, did not provide a number of pensions, or is not working. SwPTYP1, SwPTYP2, SwPTYP3 and SwPTYP4 information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwPTYP1, RwPTYP2, RwPTYP3 and RwPTYP4 variables, if available. If R is not married, SwPTYP1, SwPTYP2, SwPTYP3 and SwPTYP4 are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwPTYP1, SwPTYP2, SwPTYP3 and SwPTYP4 are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. Because this question is not asked in Wave 2A, the variables are set to .Q.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, the questions ask about the current job's pension. If R reports having a pension(s) from the current job, the number of pensions is ascertained, and the type of pension is requested for up to three pensions. The question asks: "I would like to know what type of plan this is. In some retirement plans, Type A, benefits are usually based on a formula involving age, years of service and salary. In other plans, Type B, money is accumulated in an account for you. Is your plan Type A or Type B?". The response may be Type A, Type B, or both. Type A refers to a defined benefits (DB) plan and Type B refers to a defined contributions (DC) plan. If R has more than one plan, the question is preceded by the phrase: "About the (next) most important of these plans...". In Wave 2H, 3H and from Wave 4 forward, those who are with the same employer and who reported having a pension at the previous wave are asked if the rules have changed. Except in Wave 7, if no rules change is reported, a limited number of follow-up questions are asked, including the number of plans and their types. In Wave 7, or in other waves, if there is no rules change, or there is no prior wave pension with the current employer but R reports one in the current wave, a more complete set of questions are asked. These also include the number of plans and their types. In both places, the wording is the same as that in Wave 1 with a slight variation in the preface if there is more than one plan. The question is preceded by the statement: "Now I have some questions about the (next) most important of these plans." In Wave 2H, the questions are asked separately for those employed by a firm and the self-employed, but the question wording is the same for both. In Wave 3A, the questions about the current job's pension plan(s) are asked in two places, depending on whether R works for a firm or is self-employed. The wording in both places is the same as in Wave 1. For firm set of questions, up to three plan types are reported. For the selfemployed set of questions, only one plan type is reported. The questions are not asked in Wave 2A. Beginning in Wave 6, a fourth plan type is asked if R reports having at least four plans.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V2838 V2901 V2908 V2909 V3009 V3109 HRS 1994: W3710 W3711 W3712 W3724

F36:PENSION PLANS F37:PENS/RET PLNS ON JOB F38:# PLNS INCLD ON JB F39:P1-TYPE OF PLAN F39:P2-TYPE OF PLAN F39:P3-TYPE OF PLAN FA63.PENSION RULES CHANG FA64.NUMBER PENSION PLAN 1. FA65.TYPE OF PENSION 2. FA65.TYPE OF PENSION

Section F: Pension

W3736 W3748 W3755 W3756 W3808 W3860 W4375 W4376 W4377 W4378 W4390 W4402 W4414 W4415 W4467 W4519 AHEAD 1995: D2928 D2955 D2964 D2969_1 D2969_2 D2969_3 D3287 D3325 D3330_1 HRS 1996: E2835 E2837 E2840_1 E2840_2 E2840_3 E2861 E2870 E2875_1 E2875_2 E2875_3 HRS 1998: F3359 F3361 F3364_1 F3364_2 F3364_3 F3389 F3398 F3403_1 F3403_2 F3403_3 HRS 2000: G3619 G3621 G3624_1 G3624_2 G3624_3 G3624_4 G3654 G3678 G3683_1 G3683_2 G3683_3 G3683_4 HRS 2002: HJ265

3. FA65.TYPE OF PENSION FA71.PLAN OFFERED BY EMP FA72.NUMBER PENSION PLAN 1. FA73.TYPE OF PENSION 2. FA73.TYPE OF PENSION 3. FA73.TYPE OF PENSION FB26.PENSION/RETIREMENT FB27.PENSION RULES CHANG FB28.NUMBER PENSION PLAN 1. FB29.TYPE OF RETIREME 2. FB29.TYPE OF RETIREME 3. FB29.TYPE OF RETIREME FB36.NUMBER PENSION PLAN 1. FB37.TYPE OF PENSION 2. FB37.TYPE OF PENSION 3. FB37.TYPE OF PENSION GA63.PENSION RULES CHANGED GA71. WHETHER PENSION PLAN GA72. NUMBER PENSION PLANS GA73. TYPE PENSION GA73. TYPE PENSION GA73. TYPE PENSION GB26.INCLUDED IN PENSION PLAN GB36. NUMBER PENSION PLANS GB37. TYPE PENSION G67.PENSION RULES CHANGED G68.NUMBER PENSION PLANS G69.TYPE OF PENSION G69.TYPE OF PENSION G69.TYPE OF PENSION G75.PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER G76.NUMBER PENSION PLANS INCLUDED G77.TYPE OF PENSION G77.TYPE OF PENSION G77.TYPE OF PENSION G67.PENSION RULES CHANGED G68.NUMBER PENSION PLANS G69.TYPE OF PENSION G69.TYPE OF PENSION G69.TYPE OF PENSION G75.PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER G76.NUMBER PENSION PLANS INCLUDED G77.TYPE OF PENSION G77.TYPE OF PENSION G77.TYPE OF PENSION G67.PENSION RULES CHANGED G68.NUMBER PENSION PLANS G69.TYPE OF PENSION G69.TYPE OF PENSION G69.TYPE OF PENSION G69.TYPE OF PENSION G75.PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER G76.NUMBER PENSION PLANS INCLUDED G77.TYPE OF PENSION G77.TYPE OF PENSION G77.TYPE OF PENSION G77.TYPE OF PENSION J265 BRANCHPOINT

806

Section F: Pension

HJ268 HJ272_1 HJ272_2 HJ272_3 HJ272_4 HJ324 HJ335 HJ338_1 HJ338_2 HJ338_3 HJ338_4 HRS 2004: JJ265 JJ268 JJ324 JJ335 JJ338A JJ338B JJ338C JJ338D HRS 2006: KJ265 KJ268 KJ324 KJ335 KJ338A KJ338B KJ338C KJ338D HRS 2008: LJ338_1 LJ338_2 LJ338_3 LJ338_4

807

PENSION RULES CHANGED TYPE OF PENSION- 1 TYPE OF PENSION- 2 TYPE OF PENSION- 3 TYPE OF PENSION- 4 PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER # PENSION PLANS INCLUDED PENSION PLAN TYPE- 1 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 2 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 3 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 4 J265 BRANCHPOINT PENSION RULES CHANGED PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER # PENSION PLANS INCLUDED PENSION PLAN TYPE- 1 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 2 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 3 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 4 J265 BRANCHPOINT PENSION RULES CHANGED PLAN OFFERED BY EMPLOYER # PENSION PLANS INCLUDED PENSION PLAN TYPE- 1 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 2 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 3 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 4 PENSION PENSION PENSION PENSION

PLAN PLAN PLAN PLAN

TYPETYPETYPETYPE-

1 2 3 4

Section F: Pension

808

Detailed type of pension from current job Wave Variable

Label

Type

9

R9PTYPD1

R9PTYPD1:W9 Current pension type in detail #1

Categ

9

S9PTYPD1

S9PTYPD1:W9 Current pension type in detail #1

Categ

9

R9PTYPD2

R9PTYPD2:W9 Current pension type in detail #2

Categ

9

S9PTYPD2

S9PTYPD2:W9 Current pension type in detail #2

Categ

9

R9PTYPD3

R9PTYPD3:W9 Current pension type in detail #3

Categ

9

S9PTYPD3

S9PTYPD3:W9 Current pension type in detail #3

Categ

9

R9PTYPD4

R9PTYPD4:W9 Current pension type in detail #4

Categ

9

S9PTYPD4

S9PTYPD4:W9 Current pension type in detail #4

Categ

9

R9PTYPF1

R9PTYPF1:W9 Does pension type match detail? #1

Categ

9

S9PTYPF1

S9PTYPF1:W9 Does pension type match detail? #1

Categ

9

R9PTYPF2

R9PTYPF2:W9 Does pension type match detail? #2

Categ

9

S9PTYPF2

S9PTYPF2:W9 Does pension type match detail? #2

Categ

9

R9PTYPF3

R9PTYPF3:W9 Does pension type match detail? #3

Categ

9

S9PTYPF3

S9PTYPF3:W9 Does pension type match detail? #3

Categ

9

R9PTYPF4

R9PTYPF4:W9 Does pension type match detail? #4

Categ

9

S9PTYPF4

S9PTYPF4:W9 Does pension type match detail? #4

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R9PTYPD1

2104

2.800

3.087

1.000

16.000

S9PTYPD1

1585

2.840

3.135

1.000

16.000

R9PTYPD2

601

4.178

3.706

1.000

16.000

S9PTYPD2

462

4.100

3.626

1.000

16.000

R9PTYPD3

62

5.758

4.039

1.000

13.000

S9PTYPD3

49

6.245

4.156

1.000

13.000

R9PTYPD4

2

13.500

0.707

13.000

14.000

S9PTYPD4

2

13.500

0.707

13.000

14.000

R9PTYPF1

2323

0.682

0.466

0.000

1.000

Section F: Pension

809

S9PTYPF1

1728

0.696

0.460

0.000

1.000

R9PTYPF2

657

0.740

0.439

0.000

1.000

S9PTYPF2

498

0.743

0.437

0.000

1.000

R9PTYPF3

66

0.742

0.441

0.000

1.000

S9PTYPF3

52

0.731

0.448

0.000

1.000

R9PTYPF4

2

0.500

0.707

0.000

1.000

S9PTYPF4

2

0.500

0.707

0.000

1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .D DK (Don't know) | .O Other (Specify) | .R RF (Refused) | .S No Pen | 1.401k plan | 2.Supplemental Retirement Acc | 3.Defined Benefit plan | 4.Defined Contribution plan | 5.401a plan | 6.403b plan | 7.457 plan | 8.Thrift/Savings plan (tsp) | 9.Profit-sharing plan | 10.Employee stock ownership | 11.Money purchase plan | 13.Employee stock purchase | 14.SEP or Simple plan | 15.Combination plan | 16.Cash balance plan |

R9PTYPD1 289 186 4 14634 1211 93 320 166 1 107 9 39 53 27 1 7 55 10 5

Value-------------------------| .D DK (Don't know) | .O Other (Specify) | .R RF (Refused) | .S No Pen | .U.R not married | .V.S non-response | 1.401k plan | 2.Supplemental Retirement Acc | 3.Defined Benefit plan | 4.Defined Contribution plan | 6.403b plan | 7.457 plan | 8.Thrift/Savings plan (tsp) | 9.Profit-sharing plan | 10.Employee stock ownership | 11.Money purchase plan | 13.Employee stock purchase | 14.SEP or Simple plan | 15.Combination plan | 16.Cash balance plan |

S9PTYPD1 187 141 3 8730 6206 365 909 70 237 125 85 4 28 43 22 1 7 43 8 3

Value-------------------------| .D DK (Don't know) | .M Missing | .O Other (Specify) | .R RF (Refused) | .S No Pen | 1.401k plan | 2.Supplemental Retirement Acc |

R9PTYPD2 95 1 92 4 16424 221 61

Section F: Pension

3.Defined Benefit plan 4.Defined Contribution plan 5.401a plan 6.403b plan 7.457 plan 8.Thrift/Savings plan (tsp) 9.Profit-sharing plan 10.Employee stock ownership 11.Money purchase plan 13.Employee stock purchase 14.SEP or Simple plan 15.Combination plan 16.Cash balance plan

810

| | | | | | | | | | | | |

78 35 3 50 18 38 42 22 1 21 4 1 6

Value-------------------------| .D DK (Don't know) | .M Missing | .O Other (Specify) | .R RF (Refused) | .S No Pen | .U.R not married | .V.S non-response | 1.401k plan | 2.Supplemental Retirement Acc | 3.Defined Benefit plan | 4.Defined Contribution plan | 5.401a plan | 6.403b plan | 7.457 plan | 8.Thrift/Savings plan (tsp) | 9.Profit-sharing plan | 10.Employee stock ownership | 11.Money purchase plan | 13.Employee stock purchase | 14.SEP or Simple plan | 15.Combination plan | 16.Cash balance plan |

S9PTYPD2 62 1 69 3 10049 6206 365 169 53 59 26 3 38 10 30 35 16 1 16 2 1 3

Value-------------------------| .D DK (Don't know) | .O Other (Specify) | .R RF (Refused) | .S No Pen | 1.401k plan | 2.Supplemental Retirement Acc | 3.Defined Benefit plan | 4.Defined Contribution plan | 5.401a plan | 6.403b plan | 7.457 plan | 8.Thrift/Savings plan (tsp) | 9.Profit-sharing plan | 10.Employee stock ownership | 12.Portable cash option plan | 13.Employee stock purchase |

R9PTYPD3 13 21 5 17116 12 7 6 5 2 3 5 3 4 8 1 6

Value-------------------------| .D DK (Don't know) | .O Other (Specify) | .R RF (Refused) | .S No Pen | .U.R not married | .V.S non-response | 1.401k plan | 2.Supplemental Retirement Acc | 3.Defined Benefit plan | 4.Defined Contribution plan | 5.401a plan | 6.403b plan | 7.457 plan | 8.Thrift/Savings plan (tsp) |

S9PTYPD3 9 17 4 10567 6206 365 8 5 5 4 1 2 4 2

Section F: Pension

9.Profit-sharing plan 10.Employee stock ownership 12.Portable cash option plan 13.Employee stock purchase

811

| | | |

4 7 1 6

Value-------------------------| .D DK (Don't know) | .O Other (Specify) | .S No Pen | 13.Employee stock purchase | 14.SEP or Simple plan |

R9PTYPD4 3 5 17207 1 1

Value-------------------------| .D DK (Don't know) | .O Other (Specify) | .S No Pen | .U.R not married | .V.S non-response | 13.Employee stock purchase | 14.SEP or Simple plan |

S9PTYPD4 3 4 10637 6206 365 1 1

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R9PTYPF1 256 4 14634 739 1584

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S9PTYPF1 185 3 8730 6206 365 525 1203

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R9PTYPF2 133 1 2 16424 171 486

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Oth missing | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S9PTYPF2 97 1 1 10049 6206 365 128 370

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R9PTYPF3 30 5 17116 17 49

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .R=RF | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S9PTYPF3 23 4 10567 6206 365 14 38

Section F: Pension

812

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .S=Skip | 0.no | 1.yes |

R9PTYPF4 8 17207 1 1

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .S=Skip | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 1.yes |

S9PTYPF4 7 10637 6206 365 1 1

How Constructed: RwPTYPD1, RwPTYPD2, RwPTYPD3 and RwPTYPD4 indicate the detailed types of pension plans in which the respondent is included for the current job. This is a new question asked in Wave 9. SwPTYPD1, SwPTYPD2, SwPTYPD3 and SwPTYPD4 provide the information for the respondent's spouse or partner. From Wave 9 onwards, if R is included in a pension in his/her current job then s/he is asked what their employer calls the plan. R may identify the plan type from a list of different plans such as 401K or 403B. RwPTYPD1, RwPTYPD2, RwPTYPD3 and RwPTYPD4 are set to the type of pensions that R reports. The plan type is simply recoded for missing values. It is set to .S if the question is skipped because R does not have the pension, e.g., if R has one pension RwPTYP2 to RwPTYP3 (or RwPTYP4 from Wave 5 on) are set to .S. They are also set to .S if R does not have a pension on the current job, did not provide a number of pensions, or is not working. So now we have two pension type variables – RwPTYP1-4 that tells us if a plan is DB or DC or Both and RwPTYPD1-4 that tells us what R’s employer calls his plan. RwPTYPF1, RwPTYPF2, RwPTYPF3 and RwPTYPF4 tell us if R’s response in RwPTYP1-4 matches RwPTYPD1-4. We created a crosswalk between the two plan type variables. RwPTYPF1-4 = 1 if R can correctly identify a DB and DC plan from the employer list. RwPTYPF1-4 = 0 if R cannot identify a DB and DC plan from the employer list. RwPTYPF1-4 = .S if R does not report a pension. RwPTYPF1-4 = .R if R refused to answer both RwPTYP1 and RwPTYPD1. RwPTYPF1-4 = .D if both RwPTYP1 and RwPTYPD1 report DK or if RwPTYPD1 is reported as ‘.O Other’. As we do not have information on what the ‘Other’ plan is, we cannot say if R has correctly identified it as DB or DC. SwPTYPD1, RwPTYPD1, SwPTYPD2, SwPTYPD1,

SwPTYPD2, SwPTYPD3 and SwPTYPD4 information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwPTYPD2, RwPTYPD3 and RwPTYPD4 variables, if available. If R is not married, SwPTYPD1, SwPTYPD3 and SwPTYPD4 are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwPTYPD2, SwPTYPD3 and SwPTYPD4 are set to .V=Spouse is non-response.

SwPTYPF1, RwPTYPF1, SwPTYPF2, SwPTYPF1,

SwPTYPF2, SwPTYPF3 and SwPTYPF4 information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwPTYPF2, RwPTYPF3 and RwPTYPF4 variables, if available. If R is not married, SwPTYPF1, SwPTYPF3 and SwPTYPF4 are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwPTYPF2, SwPTYPF3 and SwPTYPF4 are set to .V=Spouse is non-response.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 9, the question asks about the current job’s pension. If R reports having a pension(s) from the current job, the number of pensions is ascertained and R is asked "What does your employer call your plan?". This detailed type of pension is requested for up to four pensions. If R has multiple plans of different types, the most important plan is recorded rather than combining them as “Combination Plan”.

Section F: Pension

813

Then R is asked "Is your plan Type A or Type B?". The response may be Type A, Type B, or both. RwPTYPF1-4 tells us if R correctly identifies the employer plan name as DB, DC or Both.

HRS Variables Used LJ338_1 LJ338_2 LJ338_3 LJ338_4 LJ393_1 LJ393_2 LJ393_3 LJ393_4

PENSION PLAN TYPE- 1 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 2 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 3 PENSION PLAN TYPE- 4 CERTAINTY ABOUT THE PLAN CERTAINTY ABOUT THE PLAN CERTAINTY ABOUT THE PLAN CERTAINTY ABOUT THE PLAN

NAME-BRIEF NAME-BRIEF NAME-BRIEF NAME-BRIEF

-1 -2 -3 -4

Section G: Health Insurance

814

Section G: Health Insurance

Section G: Health Insurance

815

Covered by federal government Health insurance program Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HIGOV R2HIGOV R3HIGOV R4HIGOV R5HIGOV R6HIGOV R7HIGOV R8HIGOV R9HIGOV

R1HIGOV:W1 R2HIGOV:W2 R3HIGOV:W3 R4HIGOV:W4 R5HIGOV:W5 R6HIGOV:W6 R7HIGOV:W7 R8HIGOV:W8 R9HIGOV:W9

R R R R R R R R R

is is is is is is is is is

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

by by by by by by by by by

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HIGOV S2HIGOV S3HIGOV S4HIGOV S5HIGOV S6HIGOV S7HIGOV S8HIGOV S9HIGOV

S1HIGOV:W1 S2HIGOV:W2 S3HIGOV:W3 S4HIGOV:W4 S5HIGOV:W5 S6HIGOV:W6 S7HIGOV:W7 S8HIGOV:W8 S9HIGOV:W9

S S S S S S S S S

is is is is is is is is is

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

by by by by by by by by by

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1GOVMR R2GOVMR R3GOVMR R4GOVMR R5GOVMR R6GOVMR R7GOVMR R8GOVMR R9GOVMR

R1GOVMR:W1 R2GOVMR:W2 R3GOVMR:W3 R4GOVMR:W4 R5GOVMR:W5 R6GOVMR:W6 R7GOVMR:W7 R8GOVMR:W8 R9GOVMR:W9

R R R R R R R R R

has has has has has has has has has

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1GOVMR S2GOVMR S3GOVMR S4GOVMR S5GOVMR S6GOVMR S7GOVMR S8GOVMR S9GOVMR

S1GOVMR:W1 S2GOVMR:W2 S3GOVMR:W3 S4GOVMR:W4 S5GOVMR:W5 S6GOVMR:W6 S7GOVMR:W7 S8GOVMR:W8 S9GOVMR:W9

S S S S S S S S S

has has has has has has has has has

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare plan-Medicare

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1GOVMD R2GOVMD R3GOVMD R4GOVMD R5GOVMD R6GOVMD R7GOVMD R8GOVMD R9GOVMD

R1GOVMD:W1 R2GOVMD:W2 R3GOVMD:W3 R4GOVMD:W4 R5GOVMD:W5 R6GOVMD:W6 R7GOVMD:W7 R8GOVMD:W8 R9GOVMD:W9

R R R R R R R R R

has has has has has has has has has

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1

S1GOVMD

S1GOVMD:W1 S has Gov plan-Medicaid

Categ

Section G: Health Insurance

816

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2GOVMD S3GOVMD S4GOVMD S5GOVMD S6GOVMD S7GOVMD S8GOVMD S9GOVMD

S2GOVMD:W2 S3GOVMD:W3 S4GOVMD:W4 S5GOVMD:W5 S6GOVMD:W6 S7GOVMD:W7 S8GOVMD:W8 S9GOVMD:W9

S S S S S S S S

has has has has has has has has

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid plan-Medicaid

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1GOVVA R2GOVVA R3GOVVA R4GOVVA R5GOVVA R6GOVVA R7GOVVA R8GOVVA R9GOVVA

R1GOVVA:W1 R2GOVVA:W2 R3GOVVA:W3 R4GOVVA:W4 R5GOVVA:W5 R6GOVVA:W6 R7GOVVA:W7 R8GOVVA:W8 R9GOVVA:W9

R R R R R R R R R

has has has has has has has has has

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1GOVVA S2GOVVA S3GOVVA S4GOVVA S5GOVVA S6GOVVA S7GOVVA S8GOVVA S9GOVVA

S1GOVVA:W1 S2GOVVA:W2 S3GOVVA:W3 S4GOVVA:W4 S5GOVVA:W5 S6GOVVA:W6 S7GOVVA:W7 S8GOVVA:W8 S9GOVVA:W9

S S S S S S S S S

has has has has has has has has has

Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov Gov

plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA plan-Champus/VA

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3

R1GOVOT R2GOVOT R3GOVOT

R1GOVOT:W1 R has Gov plan-Other R2GOVOT:W2 R has Gov plan-Other R3GOVOT:W3 R has Gov plan-Other

Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3

S1GOVOT S2GOVOT S3GOVOT

S1GOVOT:W1 S has Gov plan-Other S2GOVOT:W2 S has Gov plan-Other S3GOVOT:W3 S has Gov plan-Other

Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1HIGOV R2HIGOV R3HIGOV R4HIGOV R5HIGOV R6HIGOV R7HIGOV R8HIGOV R9HIGOV

12445 19587 17912 21274 19492 18120 20052 18417 17154

0.160 0.519 0.541 0.564 0.604 0.658 0.609 0.661 0.698

0.367 0.500 0.498 0.496 0.489 0.474 0.488 0.473 0.459

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1HIGOV S2HIGOV S3HIGOV S4HIGOV S5HIGOV S6HIGOV S7HIGOV S8HIGOV

10132 13069 11886 13945 12703 11617 12939 11717

0.146 0.440 0.465 0.491 0.530 0.587 0.542 0.593

0.353 0.496 0.499 0.500 0.499 0.492 0.498 0.491

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section G: Health Insurance

817

S9HIGOV

10618

0.634

0.482

0.000

1.000

R1GOVMR R2GOVMR R3GOVMR R4GOVMR R5GOVMR R6GOVMR R7GOVMR R8GOVMR R9GOVMR

12441 19583 17919 21277 19486 18117 20061 18420 17156

0.077 0.460 0.493 0.522 0.569 0.624 0.572 0.628 0.669

0.266 0.498 0.500 0.500 0.495 0.484 0.495 0.483 0.471

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1GOVMR S2GOVMR S3GOVMR S4GOVMR S5GOVMR S6GOVMR S7GOVMR S8GOVMR S9GOVMR

10130 13070 11891 13947 12703 11617 12947 11719 10620

0.078 0.383 0.421 0.455 0.498 0.555 0.510 0.564 0.609

0.268 0.486 0.494 0.498 0.500 0.497 0.500 0.496 0.488

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1GOVMD R2GOVMD R3GOVMD R4GOVMD R5GOVMD R6GOVMD R7GOVMD R8GOVMD R9GOVMD

12441 19548 17850 21238 19473 18067 20006 18340 17061

0.040 0.071 0.078 0.078 0.081 0.084 0.087 0.082 0.089

0.195 0.257 0.268 0.268 0.273 0.277 0.282 0.275 0.285

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1GOVMD S2GOVMD S3GOVMD S4GOVMD S5GOVMD S6GOVMD S7GOVMD S8GOVMD S9GOVMD

10130 13056 11871 13931 12700 11601 12931 11690 10604

0.020 0.036 0.039 0.039 0.041 0.044 0.044 0.043 0.045

0.140 0.186 0.193 0.193 0.198 0.205 0.204 0.203 0.207

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1GOVVA R2GOVVA R3GOVVA R4GOVVA R5GOVVA R6GOVVA R7GOVVA R8GOVVA R9GOVVA

12442 19482 17888 21294 19507 18120 20071 18410 17164

0.052 0.038 0.035 0.029 0.027 0.052 0.052 0.055 0.055

0.221 0.192 0.183 0.167 0.163 0.223 0.221 0.227 0.228

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1GOVVA S2GOVVA S3GOVVA S4GOVVA S5GOVVA S6GOVVA S7GOVVA S8GOVVA S9GOVVA

10130 13014 11884 13951 12707 11615 12952 11718 10628

0.053 0.046 0.041 0.034 0.032 0.059 0.056 0.060 0.062

0.224 0.210 0.199 0.180 0.175 0.236 0.231 0.237 0.241

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1GOVOT

12428

0.004

0.061

0.000

1.000

Section G: Health Insurance

818

R2GOVOT R3GOVOT

19482 6986

0.010 0.025

0.101 0.155

0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000

S1GOVOT S2GOVOT S3GOVOT

10127 13014 3597

0.004 0.010 0.025

0.062 0.099 0.156

0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1HIGOV .D=DK/NA | 112 .M=Oth missing | 95 .R=RF | 0.no | 10452 1.yes | 1993

R2HIGOV 18 29 8 9423 10164

R3HIGOV 12 58 9 8228 9684

R4HIGOV 29 69 12 9277 11997

R5HIGOV 28 49 10 7716 11776

R6HIGOV 24 13 10 6202 11918

R7HIGOV 48 17 12 7836 12216

R8HIGOV 33 14 5 6237 12180

R9HIGOV 40 16 7 5188 11966

Value-------------------------| S1HIGOV .D=DK/NA | 52 .M=Oth missing | 95 .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 8651 1.yes | 1481

S2HIGOV 6 8 5 5970 584 7321 5748

S3HIGOV 10 17 2 5658 418 6356 5530

S4HIGOV 11 16 6 6869 537 7095 6850

S5HIGOV 11 10 6 6538 311 5975 6728

S6HIGOV 10 5 9 6306 220 4798 6819

S7HIGOV 21 2 10 6777 380 5925 7014

S8HIGOV 13 3 2 6417 317 4763 6954

S9HIGOV 20 4 4 6206 365 3886 6732

Value-------------------------| R1GOVMR .D=DK/NA | 116 .M=Oth missing | 95 .R=RF | 0.no | 11489 1.yes | 952

R2GOVMR 21 29 9 10572 9011

R3GOVMR 11 52 9 9088 8831

R4GOVMR 27 69 11 10161 11116

R5GOVMR 34 49 10 8401 11085

R6GOVMR 27 13 10 6818 11299

R7GOVMR 41 17 10 8584 11477

R8GOVMR 32 13 4 6845 11575

R9GOVMR 38 16 7 5686 11470

Value-------------------------| S1GOVMR .D=DK/NA | 54 .M=Oth missing | 95 .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 9339 1.yes | 791

S2GOVMR 5 8 5 5970 584 8060 5010

S3GOVMR 8 14 2 5658 418 6887 5004

S4GOVMR 9 16 6 6869 537 7601 6346

S5GOVMR 11 10 6 6538 311 6377 6326

S6GOVMR 11 5 8 6306 220 5171 6446

S7GOVMR 15 2 8 6777 380 6342 6605

S8GOVMR 12 3 1 6417 317 5112 6607

S9GOVMR 18 4 4 6206 365 4154 6466

Value-------------------------| R1GOVMD .D=DK/NA | 116 .M=Oth missing | 95 .R=RF | 0.no | 11947 1.yes | 494

R2GOVMD 8 78 8 18156 1392

R3GOVMD 51 79 11 16458 1392

R4GOVMD 64 69 13 19581 1657

R5GOVMD 48 49 9 17897 1576

R6GOVMD 69 14 17 16550 1517

R7GOVMD 97 17 9 18267 1739

R8GOVMD 109 15 5 16833 1507

R9GOVMD 134 16 6 15538 1523

Value-------------------------| S1GOVMD .D=DK/NA | 54 .M=Oth missing | 95 .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 9926 1.yes | 204

S2GOVMD 4 23 5 5970 584 12588 468

S3GOVMD 17 24 3 5658 418 11413 458

S4GOVMD 24 16 7 6869 537 13393 538

S5GOVMD 14 10 6 6538 311 12182 518

S6GOVMD 23 5 12 6306 220 11093 508

S7GOVMD 31 2 8 6777 380 12367 564

S8GOVMD 40 3 2 6417 317 11187 503

S9GOVMD 34 4 4 6206 365 10126 478

Value-------------------------| R1GOVVA .D=DK/NA | 115 .M=Oth missing | 95 .R=RF | 0.no | 11800 1.yes | 642

R2GOVVA 60 78 22 18733 749

R3GOVVA 15 77 11 17266 622

R4GOVVA 9 69 12 20679 615

R5GOVVA 17 49 6 18976 531

R6GOVVA 17 14 16 17173 947

R7GOVVA 34 17 7 19035 1036

R8GOVVA 40 15 4 17406 1004

R9GOVVA 32 16 5 16220 944

Value-------------------------| S1GOVVA .D=DK/NA | 54 .M=Oth missing | 95 .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373

S2GOVVA 37 23 14 5970

S3GOVVA 7 22 2 5658

S4GOVVA 5 16 6 6869

S5GOVVA 8 10 5 6538

S6GOVVA 8 5 13 6306

S7GOVVA 12 2 6 6777

S8GOVVA 11 3 3 6417

S9GOVVA 11 4 3 6206

Section G: Health Insurance

.V=Sp NR 0.no 1.yes

819

| | |

584 12412 602

418 11395 489

Value-------------------------| R1GOVOT .D=DK/NA | 115 .M=Oth missing | 109 .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | 0.no | 12382 1.yes | 46

R2GOVOT 60 78

R3GOVOT 12 25 10964 4 6813 173

Value-------------------------| S1GOVOT .D=DK/NA | 54 .M=Oth missing | 98 .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 10088 1.yes | 39

S2GOVOT 37 23

9591 539

22 19281 201

14 5970 584 12885 129

537 13482 469

311 12304 403

220 10930 685

380 12222 730

317 11017 701

365 9969 659

S3GOVOT 4 8 8629 5658 95 3507 90

How Constructed: RwHIGOV indicates whether the respondent is covered by any government health insurance program. RwGOVMR, RwGOVMD, RwGOVVA and RwGOVOT indicate whether the respondent is covered by Medicare, Medicaid, VA/CHAMPUS and other government health insurance, respectively. SwHIGOV, SwGOVMR, SwGOVMD, SwGOVVA, SwGOVOT provide the information for the respondent's spouse or partner. In Waves 1 and 2H, the question asks if R (and in wave 1, R's spouse) is covered by any government health insurance. RwHIGOV is simply recoded to 0/1 for No/Yes and for missing values from this question. No checks are done on the types of government insurance R subsequently reports. Please note that some respondents do not list Medicare, Medicaid, or VA/CHAMPUS as any of the types of government insurance that covers them in these waves. The RwGOVMR, RwGOVMD, RwGOVVA and RwGOVOT are derived from the follow-up questions where R reports all types of government health insurance programs under which they are covered. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward separate questions ask about particular kinds of government health insurance. In all these waves, Medicare and Medicaid are asked about separately. In Waves 2A and 3A, another question asks about other government insurance, including CHAMPUS and CHAMP-VA. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, only CHAMPUS / CHAMP-VA, and in 2002 TRI-CARE, are mentioned. The RwGOVMR, RwGOVMD, RwGOVVA and RwGOVOT are derived from these questions. In Wave 3H R3GOVOT is set to .Q since the information is not obtained, and from Wave 4 forward, RwGOVOT is not available. If R indicates that he/she is currently covered by any of these types of insurance, then RwHIGOV is set to yes (=1). If R responds no to current coverage by all of these types of insurance then RwHIGOV is set to no (=0). Otherwise, RwHIGOV is set to a missing value based on missing values in the HRS variables. Note that coverage by R6GOVVA increases more than expected for a consistently coded measure. This may be because a) TRI-CARE was not included in the question wording prior to 2002; and b) retired military 65 and over and covered by Medicare were not eligible for TRI-CARE prior to 2001. [http://www.tricare.osd.mil/TricareHandbook/results.cfm?tn=6&cn=3] S1HIGOV, S1GOVMR, S1GOVMD, S1GOVVA and S1GOVOT for Wave 1 are taken from the Financial Respondent's (FinR's) information appropriately. That is, if R is the FinR, then S1HIGOV, S1GOVMR, S1GOVMD, S1GOVVA and S1GOVOT are the FinR spouse's information. But if R is the spouse of FinR, then S1HIGOV, S1GOVMR, S1GOVMD, S1GOVVA and S1GOVOT are the FinR's information. From Wave 2 on, this information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwHIGOV, RwGOVMR, RwGOVMD, RwGOVVA and RwGOVOT variable, if available. If R is not married, SwHIGOV, SwGOVMR, SwGOVMD, SwGOVVA and SwGOVOT are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then these are set to .V=Spouse is non-response.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data

Section G: Health Insurance

820

In Wave 1, the health insurance questions are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's insurance coverage and, if married, FinR's spouse's insurance coverage. From Wave 2 on, health insurance questions are asked of individual respondents about their own coverage only. In Waves 1 and 2H, the government insurance questions begin by asking: "Are you currently covered by any federal government health insurance programs, such as Medicare, Medicaid, or CHAMPUS, VA, or other military programs?". A subsequent question asks: "Which program is that?", and multiple answers are allowed. Separate variables code responses of Medicare, Medicaid, VA/Champus, and Other (including Bureau of Indian Affairs). In Wave 2H, responses also include mail handlers insurance, federal employees health insurance, Blue Cross/Blue Shield, local or state government health plan, and HMO. Up to four responses are reported. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, questions are asked separately about Medicare, Medicaid, and CHAMPUS/CHAMP-VA or other government health insurance coverage, with a few variations. In all of these waves the Medicare question is: Are you currently covered by Medicare health insurance? In Wave 2A the Medicaid question is: Is your health care currently covered by Medicaid? From Wave 3 forward, the Medicaid questions are: 1) Have you been covered by Medicaid health insurance at any time (since previous wave interview/in last 2 years)?, and if yes, 2) Are you currently covered by Medicaid? In Waves 2A and 3A, the CHAMPUS and other government health insurance questions are: 1) Are you currently covered by any other government health insurance programs, such as Railroad Retirement, CHAMPUS, CHAMP-VA, or any other military health programs?, and if yes, 2) Which program is that? In Wave 3H, 4 and 5, the question is: Are you currently covered by CHAMPUS, CHAMP-VA, or any other military health care plan? In Wave 6, they added a new name called TRI_CARE that includes what used to be known as CHAMPUS and CHAMP-VA. The question is: Are you currently covered by TRI_CARE, CHAMPUS, CHAMP-VA or any other military health care plan? TRICARE, which replaces CHAMPUS for active and retired military, and is separate from CHAMP-VA, was not included in the question wording prior to Wave 6. There were also restrictions on coverage by TRICARE when over 65 and covered by Medicare until 2001.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V6602 V6603 V6604 V6605 V6606 AHEAD 1993: B1838 B1848 B1849 B754 HRS 1994: W6700 W6701 W6702 W6703 W6704 AHEAD 1995: D126 D5144 D5155 D5158 D5175 D5176 HRS 1996: E5133 E5135 E5136

R2:R:FEDRL HLTH INS PRGM R2aA:R:GOVT:MEDICARE R2aB:R:GOVT:MEDICAID R2aC:R:GOVT:VA/CHAMPUS R2aD:R:GOVT:OTHER R2. R R4. R R5. R E31a.

MEDICAID: COVERED OTHER GOVT INSURANCE: ANY OTHER GOVT INSURANCE: TYPE R COVERED BY MEDICARE

R1.COVERED FED GOVT HEAL R1a.WHICH PROGRAM R1a.WHICH PROGRAM R1a.WHICH PROGRAM R1a.WHICH PROGRAM W1 MEDICARE COVER R1. MEDICARE COVER R2.MEDICAID R4. CURRENTLY ON MEDICAID R5.OTHER GOVT INS R5A. TYPE OTH GVT INS R1.MEDICARE COVERAGE R4.MEDICAID SINCE PREV WAVE? R5.CURRENTLY COVERED BY MEDICAID

Section G: Health Insurance

E5145 HRS 1998: F5866 F5868 F5869 F5878 HRS 2000: G6238 G6241 G6242 G6251 HRS 2002: HN001 HN005 HN006 HN007 HRS 2004: JN001 JN005 JN006 JN007 HRS 2006: KN001 KN005 KN006 KN007 HRS 2008: LN001 LN005 LN006 LN007 Tracker: AFINR

R9.CHAMPUS/CHAMPVA COVERAGE R1.MEDICARE COVERAGE R4.MEDICAID SINCE PREV WAVE? R5.CURRENTLY COVERED BY MEDICAID R9.CHAMPUS/CHAMPVA COVERAGE R1.MEDICARE COVERAGE R4.MEDICAID SINCE PREV WAVE? R5.CURRENTLY COVERED BY MEDICAID R9.CHAMPUS/CHAMPVA COVERAGE MEDICARE COVERAGE MEDICAID COVERAGE SINCE PREV WAVE CURRENTLY COVERED BY MEDICAID CHAMPUS/CHAMPVA COVERAGE MEDICARE COVERAGE MEDICAID COVERAGE SINCE PREV WAVE CURRENTLY COVERED BY MEDICAID CHAMPUS/CHAMPVA COVERAGE MEDICARE COVERAGE MEDICAID COVERAGE SINCE PREV WAVE CURRENTLY COVERED BY MEDICAID CHAMPUS/CHAMPVA COVERAGE MEDICARE COVERAGE MEDICAID COVERAGE SINCE PREV WAVE CURRENTLY COVERED BY MEDICAID CHAMPUS/CHAMPVA COVERAGE 1992 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT

821

Section G: Health Insurance

822

Covered by Health insurance from a current or previous employer Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1COVR R2COVR R3COVR R4COVR R5COVR R6COVR R7COVR R8COVR R9COVR

R1COVR:W1 R2COVR:W2 R3COVR:W3 R4COVR:W4 R5COVR:W5 R6COVR:W6 R7COVR:W7 R8COVR:W8 R9COVR:W9

R R R R R R R R R

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

by by by by by by by by by

R R R R R R R R R

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1COVR S2COVR S3COVR S4COVR S5COVR S6COVR S7COVR S8COVR S9COVR

S1COVR:W1 S2COVR:W2 S3COVR:W3 S4COVR:W4 S5COVR:W5 S6COVR:W6 S7COVR:W7 S8COVR:W8 S9COVR:W9

S S S S S S S S S

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

by by by by by by by by by

R R R R R R R R R

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1COVS R2COVS R3COVS R4COVS R5COVS R6COVS R7COVS R8COVS R9COVS

R1COVS:W1 R2COVS:W2 R3COVS:W3 R4COVS:W4 R5COVS:W5 R6COVS:W6 R7COVS:W7 R8COVS:W8 R9COVS:W9

R R R R R R R R R

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

by by by by by by by by by

S S S S S S S S S

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1COVS S2COVS S3COVS S4COVS S5COVS S6COVS S7COVS S8COVS S9COVS

S1COVS:W1 S2COVS:W2 S3COVS:W3 S4COVS:W4 S5COVS:W5 S6COVS:W6 S7COVS:W7 S8COVS:W8 S9COVS:W9

S S S S S S S S S

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

by by by by by by by by by

S S S S S S S S S

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable R1COVR R2COVR R3COVR R4COVR R5COVR R6COVR R7COVR R8COVR

N 12464 11341 16010 20687 19447 17961 19931 18313

Mean 0.465 0.442 0.369 0.353 0.345 0.344 0.345 0.317

Std Dev 0.499 0.497 0.482 0.478 0.475 0.475 0.475 0.465

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section G: Health Insurance

823

R9COVR

17051

0.290

0.454

0.000

1.000

S1COVR S2COVR S3COVR S4COVR S5COVR S6COVR S7COVR S8COVR S9COVR

10167 8699 11044 13884 12787 11658 13081 11801 10708

0.333 0.321 0.235 0.223 0.240 0.228 0.229 0.213 0.196

0.471 0.467 0.424 0.416 0.427 0.419 0.420 0.410 0.397

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R1COVS R2COVS R3COVS R4COVS R5COVS R6COVS R7COVS R8COVS R9COVS

12465 11343 16206 20953 19462 17974 19938 18325 17069

0.269 0.259 0.181 0.166 0.181 0.168 0.170 0.162 0.146

0.444 0.438 0.385 0.372 0.385 0.374 0.375 0.369 0.353

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1COVS S2COVS S3COVS S4COVS S5COVS S6COVS S7COVS S8COVS S9COVS

10166 8697 10706 13448 12670 11547 12901 11674 10572

0.452 0.430 0.403 0.392 0.382 0.378 0.374 0.346 0.319

0.498 0.495 0.491 0.488 0.486 0.485 0.484 0.476 0.466

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .C=Cov,DK by whose emplyr | .D=DK/NA | .E=Cov,DK whether by emplyr | .M=Missing answer | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | .T=Cov by oth,maybe ex-spouse | 0=No | 1=Yes |

R1COVR 11

82 6673 5791

6323 5018

10107 5903

13378 7309

Value-------------------------| .C=Cov,DK by whose emplyr | .D=DK/NA | .E=Cov,DK whether by emplyr | .M=Missing answer | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | .T=Cov by oth,maybe ex-spouse | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0=No | 1=Yes |

S1COVR 6

S2COVR 25

S3COVR 176 12 795 20

S4COVR 236

Value-------------------------| .C=Cov,DK by whose emplyr | .D=DK/NA | .E=Cov,DK whether by emplyr | .M=Missing answer | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF |

95

R2COVR 36

43 8222

R3COVR 439 46 1401 78

R4COVR 590

107

R5COVR 36

R6COVR

R7COVR

R8COVR

R9COVR

66 83 14

69 87 18

66 60 15

85 48 17

43

24

15

16

12739 6708

11788 6173

13048 6883

12505 5808

12102 4949

S5COVR 17

S6COVR

S7COVR

S8COVR

S9COVR

19 30 3

19 24 1

25 15 3

21 21 3

22

12

5

9

96

17

98

15 4549

28

28

4 8 2373 6782 3385

5970 384 5903 2796

5658 282 8451 2593

6869 367 10790 3094

6538 209 9721 3066

6306 129 9005 2653

6777 215 10080 3001

6417 203 9282 2519

6206 249 8605 2103

R1COVS 9

R2COVS 36

R3COVS 236 33 1421 79

R4COVS 330

R5COVS 31

R6COVS

R7COVS

R8COVS

R9COVS

64 82 12

63 91 17

59 57 15

69 48 16

35

20

13

15

98

41 8222

16

101

86

Section G: Health Insurance

824

.T=Cov by oth,maybe ex-spouse | 0=No | 1=Yes |

80 9108 3357

8406 2937

13276 2930

17478 3475

15948 3514

14949 3025

16557 3381

15348 2977

14572 2497

Value-------------------------| .C=Cov,DK by whose emplyr | .D=DK/NA | .E=Cov,DK whether by emplyr | .M=Missing answer | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | .T=Cov by oth,maybe ex-spouse | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0=No | 1=Yes |

S1COVS 10

S2COVS 25

S3COVS 379 22 781 22

S4COVS 496

S5COVS 22

S6COVS

S7COVS

S8COVS

S9COVS

21 38 5

25 28 2

32 19 3

37 23 4

30

16

7

10

6306 220 7179 4368

6777 380 8078 4823

6417 317 7635 4039

6206 365 7201 3371

95

17 4549

34

38

5 8 2373 5574 4592

5970 384 4961 3736

5658 418 6389 4317

6869 537 8174 5274

6538 311 7836 4834

How Constructed: RwCOVR indicates whether the respondent is covered by health insurance from his/her current or previous employer. SwCOVR indicates whether the respondent's spouse or partner is covered by the respondent's employer. RwCOVS indicates whether the respondent is covered by his/her spouse's employer. SwCOVS indicates whether the respondent's spouse is covered by the spouse's employer. If the respondent says he/she is covered by employer-provided health insurance, then the source of that insurance is checked. If the source of any plan that covers R is the respondent's current or previous employer, the respondent's union, or through the respondent's self-employment then RwCOVR is set to yes. If the source of any plan that covers R is the spouse's current or previous employer or the spouse's union, then RwCOVS is set to yes. In Wave 1, the Financial Respondent answers all questions. These are adjusted as appropriate for the non-Financial Respondent. The source of insurance in this wave could be given as other, including deceased or ex-spouse. Because of the ambiguity of this code, if this is the only information available, RwCOVR and RwCOVS are set to .T, covered by other insurance including the possibility of an ex-spouse. In Versions prior to G, these cases were treated as missing source of coverage (.C). In Wave 2H, the source of the plan is not asked if a preloaded value indicates that the respondent reported being covered by employer-provided health insurance at wave 1 and if the respondent indicates that he/she is still covered by that source. The HRS documentation indicates that the preloaded value is taken from specific Wave 1 variables. In these cases, the Wave 1 variable is used to determine whether the plan that continues to cover R in Wave 2 is the respondent's or the spouse's plan. If it is the respondent's plan then RwCOVR is set to yes. If it is the spouse's plan then RwCOVS is set to yes. If the preloaded value does not indicate Wave 1 coverage or if R does not say he/she is still covered by that source, then questions similar to the Wave 1 questions are asked, and if the source of any plan that covers R is the respondent's current or previous employer, union, or own business, then RwCOVR is set to yes. If the source of any plan that covers R is the spouse's current or previous employer, or union, then RwCOVS is set to yes. In Wave 2A, questions about non-government health insurance do not include any information about the source of the coverage. So for Ahead respondents, R2COVR, R2COVS, and R2COVRT are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. From Wave 3 forward, the questions do not depend on answers given in previous waves. In Wave 3A, a question asks if the respondent is covered by any non-government health plan besides long term care insurance. If any source of insurance is unknown, and none of the sources indicate R's employer, then RwCOVR is set to SAS special missing code .E, which means R is covered by health insurance, but it is unknown whether the source is an employer. Similarly, if any source is unknown, and none are R's spouse's employer RwCOVS is set to special missing code .E. Note that there were a large number of cases that skipped the questions about source of insurance but had indicated that they had some insurance. In RAND HRS prior to version G, these cases had been coded as having no employer-provided insurance, but are now assigned .E. If no source is unknown, and none of the sources indicate R and R's spouse's employer, then RwCOVR and RwCOVS are set to no, respectively.

Section G: Health Insurance

825

In Wave 3H, 4 and 5, a question asks if the respondent is covered by any employer-provided health insurance, or if self-employed, through the business. If no health insurance is reported in these questions RwCOVR and RwCOVS are set to no. If the respondent reports having health insurance, the source-of-insurance questions are checked and RwCOVR is set to yes if the source is R's current or previous employer, or union. If the respondent is self-employed and has health insurance through the business then RwCOVR is set to yes. RwCOVS is set to yes if the source is the spouse's current or previous employer, or union. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, if the only source of coverage is the spouse's employer (current or previous) or union, then RwCOVR is set to no. If the only source of coverage is the respondent's employer (current or previous), union, or self-employment then RwCOVS is set to no. Otherwise if any source of coverage is "other", "don't know", or "refuse" then RwCOVR and RwCOVS are set to special missing .C, covered but don't know the source. This happens most often for selfemployed respondents in Waves 3H and 4 who did not have insurance through the business but did through an employer. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 on, if RwCOVS is .C and the spouse of R indicates whether or not R is covered by his/her (the spouse's) employer-provided insurance, then RwCOVS is set according to the spouse information. Beginning in Wave 6, separate questions asked about particular sources of employer-provided health insurance for up to three plans. RwCOVR is set to yes if the source is R's current or previous employer, or union for any of the three plans. RwCOVS is set to yes if the source is the spouse's current or previous employer, or union for any of the three plans. The self-employed are no longer asked this question separately; it is combined with current employer. There is no single question about whether R has any employer-provided insurance as there is in other waves. If the number of insurance plans is more than zero, but no source is provided in any of the questions, then we know that R has some health insurance but we don’t know if is provided by an employer. These cases are coded with SAS special missing code .E, for covered by health insurance but unknown whether it is employer-provided. Note that in Versions prior to G, these cases were coded .C, covered but unknown by whose employer. Because questions are skipped based on R's marital status in Waves 6 and 7, spouse's current or previous employer is not directly asked as the source if R is not married/partnered. In prior waves, there is no such limitation, and some reported a spouse's employer as the source of insurance even when not married. In the early releases of 2002 and 2004 data, many specified the source of insurance as other. In the final releases, HRS has recoded based on interviewer notes to indicate a former or deceased spouse's employer as the source when appropriate. Thus R6COVS and R7COVS may be lower than in other waves simply due to the skip pattern but is significantly improved over those based on the early release data. From Wave 8 forward, this was changed so that ever-married single respondents are asked if the source of insurance is from a former spouse’s current or previous employer. S1COVR and S1COVS for wave 1 are taken from the Financial Respondent's (FinR's) information appropriately. That is, if R is the FinR, then S1COVR and S1COVS are the FinR spouse's information. But if R is the spouse of FinR, then S1COVR and S1COVS are FinR's information. From Wave 2 on, SwCOVR is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwCOVS variable (Respondent covered by spouse's plan), if available. SwCOVS is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwCOVR variable. For Wave 3H and from Wave 4 on, if the spouse's self-report is not available or missing, the question about coverage of others besides the respondent is used to determine if R's spouse is covered by R's plan; if so, then SwCOVR is set to yes. Please see “Plan specific employer-provided health insurance: Source of insurance and who is covered” for information on individual plans reported.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, the health insurance questions are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's insurance coverage and, if married, FinR's spouse's insurance coverage. From Wave 2 on, health insurance questions are asked of individual respondents about their own coverage only. In Wave 1, the private health insurance questions begin with:

Section G: Health Insurance

826

"Do you have any type of health insurance coverage obtained through your [or your spouse's] employer, former employer or union, such as Blue Cross-Blue Shield or a Health Maintenance Organization?". If yes, the FinR is asked how many plans and the source of up to 2 plans. The source of insurance can be R's current or former employer, R's union, R's spouse's current or former employer or union, and other. If the FinR is married and reported having employer-provided health insurance, the first question about the spouse's private health insurance coverage is: "You told me earlier that you obtain health insurance through an employer or union. covered by the same insurance plan(s)?".

Is your spouse

If so, the FinR is then asked by which (if more than one plan). The questions then ask if FinR's spouse is covered by any other employer-provided health insurance, and if so, the source of up to 2 plans. This results in information on coverage of FinR's spouse on up to 4 employer-provided health insurance plans. For the FinR in Wave 1, and for Waves 2H and 3, up to 2 insurance plans are asked about. From Wave 4 forward, only 1 employer-provided health insurance plan is asked about. The question wording asks for information about plans in order of importance. In Wave 2H, if preloaded information indicates R was covered by any employer-provided health insurance in Wave 1, the following question is asked: "According to our records, in [Wave 1 interview month] you were covered by health insurance from [source of plan preloaded from W1]. Are you still covered by the same employer health insurance policy as before?". If yes, no further questions on source of insurance are asked. If R is the FinR in Wave 2H and says the records show wrong coverage, a follow-up question asks for a corrected source of insurance at the last interview and whether R is still covered. If R was not the FinR in Wave 1 and says the records show wrong coverage, or if R (FinR or not) responds with any other answer except "yes", questions almost identical to those asked in Wave 1 regarding coverage and its source are asked. In Wave 2H, additional answers for the source of health insurance are possible. In particular, "Through own business" and "Purchased through own business/self-employment" are added to address the coverage of those self-employed. In Wave 2A, questions about other health insurance are asked but there are no questions to indicate whether the source of that insurance is a current or previous employer. In Wave 3A, the question about other health insurance is followed up by asking the source of the insurance. Besides current or previous employers and unions of R and spouse, the source can be other organizations or self. There are two questions about source of coverage, one for the first, or most important plan, and the other about other plans, with the option to answer all that apply. If the number of plans was given as zero, both these questions were asked. In the derivation of this variable, a don't know or refuse response with regard to the other plans is ignored when the number of plans is zero. Since many valid responses are given about the source of the first plan when the number of plans is zero, we assume that there is at least one health plan. Due to an apparent skip problem in some versions of the HRS instrument, over 1000 cases responded yes to the question about having other insurance but then skipped all questions about its source. In Wave 3H, 4 and 5, self-employed respondents are asked: "Do you have health insurance through that business that pays hospital or doctor bills?". If self-employed and not covered through the business, or if not self-employed, R is asked if he/she is covered by any employer-provided health insurance. If yes, the source of the coverage is asked. Unfortunately, in Waves 3H and 4, the specific source of coverage was skipped if R was self-employed, not covered by the business, but was covered by an employer-provided insurance. This is corrected in Wave 5. In Waves 6 and 7, the questions about sources of employer-provided health insurance are asked about up to three plans, and they are asked differently than in previous waves. The questions about source of insurance are asked separately, in the following order until the source is reported:

Section G: Health Insurance

827

1. Only if R is working: "Do you obtain this health insurance through Current employer/Own Business of yours?". 2."Do you obtain this health insurance through a former employer of yours?". 3: Only if R is married/partnered: "Do you obtain this health insurance through your spouse/partner's Current employer?". 4. Only if R is married/partnered: "Do you obtain this health insurance through your spouse/partner's former employer?". 5: "Did you purchase this plan directly from an insurance company, through your/your spouse's union, through a group such as AARP, a church, or other organization, or what?" From Wave 8 forward, question 3 is also asked of those who are separated, divorced, or who have had their marriage annulled, with the following wording: "Do you obtain this health insurance through your former spouse/partner's Current employer?". Question 4 is asked of this expanded group and those who are widowed as: "Do you obtain this health insurance through your former spouse/partner's former employer?". Note that in prior waves, R's current employer could be given as the source even if R is not working, and the spouse's employer could be given as the source even if R is not married or partnered. Former and deceased spouse's employers have been coded as the source if mentioned in response to the 5th question in the final release of 2002 (W6) and 2004 (W7) data. For Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, if coverage is from R's employer or union, R is also asked who else is covered on this health insurance, and the response options include a code for spouse.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V6614 V6615 V6616 V6624 V6813 V6814 V6815 V6816 V6824 HRS 1994: W6705 W6706 W6707 W6708 W6724 W6726 W6740 AHEAD 1995: D5214 D5215 D5225M1 D5225M2 D5225M3 D5242M1 D5242M2 HRS 1996: E5158 E5160 E5163_1 E5163_2 E5172_1 E5172_2

R3:R1EMPLR HLTH INS PLAN R3A:R1EMP:#PLANS HAVE R4:R1EMP:#1:HOW OBTAINED R4:R1EMP:#2:HOW OBTAINED R25:R2HAS OTHR EMP INS R26:R2EMPLR HLTH INS PLN R26A:R2EMP:#PLANS HAVE R27:R2EMP:#1:HOW OBTAIND R27:R2EMP:#2:HOW OBTAIND R2-1.COVERED BY SAME POL R2a-1.WHO PROVIDED HEALT R2b-1.STILL COVERED BY W R2-2a.STILL COVERED BY S R4.CURRENT HEALTH INS FR P1. R5.HOW OBTAINED P2. R5.HOW OBTAINED R9. OTHER HEALTH INSURANCE R9A.# OTHER HEALTH INS R10D-1. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R10D-2. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R10D. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R11D-1. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R11D-2. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R12X.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY EMPLR INSURANCE FOR HOSP/DR BILL R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R19C.ANYONE ELSE COVERED R19C.ANYONE ELSE COVERED

Section G: Health Insurance

E5173001 E5173002 E5173003 E5173004 E5173005 E5173011 E5173012 E5173013 E5173014 E5173015 HRS 1998: F5891 F5893 F5896 F5906M1 F5906M2 F5906M3 F5906M4 F5906M5 F5906M6 HRS 2000: G6264 G6266 G6269 G6279M1 G6279M2 G6279M3 G6279M4 G6279M5 G6279M6 G6279M7 HRS 2002: HN023 HN033_1 HN033_2 HN033_3 HN034_1 HN034_2 HN034_3 HN035_1 HN035_2 HN035_3 HN036_1 HN036_2 HN036_3 HN037_1 HN037_2 HN037_3 HN048_1 HN048_2 HN048_3 HN049_1A HN049_1B HN049_1C HN049_1D HN049_2A HN049_2B HN049_2C HN049_2D HN049_3A HN049_3B HN049_3C HN049_3D

R19D.WHO R19D.WHO R19D.WHO R19D.WHO R19D.WHO R19D.WHO R19D.WHO R19D.WHO R19D.WHO R19D.WHO

828

COVERED? COVERED? COVERED? COVERED? COVERED? COVERED? COVERED? COVERED? COVERED? COVERED?

R12X.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY INSURANCE FOR HOSP/DR BILLS R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R12AA.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY INSURANCE THRU AN EMPLOYER R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 1 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 2 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 4

Section G: Health Insurance

HRS 2004: JN023 JN033_1 JN033_2 JN033_3 JN034_1 JN034_2 JN034_3 JN035_1 JN035_2 JN035_3 JN036_1 JN036_2 JN036_3 JN037_1 JN037_2 JN037_3 JN048_1 JN048_2 JN048_3 JN049_1A JN049_1B JN049_1C JN049_1D JN049_2A JN049_2B JN049_2C JN049_2D JN049_3A JN049_3B JN049_3C JN049_3D HRS 2006: KN023 KN033_1 KN033_2 KN033_3 KN034_1 KN034_2 KN034_3 KN035_1 KN035_2 KN035_3 KN036_1 KN036_2 KN036_3 KN037_1 KN037_2 KN037_3 KN048_1 KN048_2 KN048_3 KN049_1A KN049_1B KN049_1C KN049_1D KN049_2A KN049_2B KN049_2C KN049_2D KN049_3A KN049_3B KN049_3C

NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 1 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 2 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED-3-3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 4 NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 1 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 2 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 3

829

Section G: Health Insurance

KN049_3D HRS 2008: LN023 LN033_1 LN033_2 LN033_3 LN034_1 LN034_2 LN034_3 LN035_1 LN035_2 LN035_3 LN036_1 LN036_2 LN036_3 LN037_1 LN037_2 LN037_3 LN048_1 LN048_2 LN048_3 LN049_1M LN049_1M LN049_1M LN049_1M LN049_1M LN049_1M LN049_2M LN049_2M LN049_2M LN049_2M LN049_2M LN049_2M LN049_3M LN049_3M LN049_3M LN049_3M LN049_3M LN049_3M Tracker: AFINR

PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 4 NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 1 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 2 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 5 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 6 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED -2- 5 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED -2- 6 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 5 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 6 1992 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT

830

Section G: Health Insurance

831

Whether employer-provided Health plan covers retirees Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1COVRT R2COVRT R3COVRT R4COVRT R5COVRT R6COVRT R7COVRT R8COVRT R9COVRT

R1COVRT:W1 R2COVRT:W2 R3COVRT:W3 R4COVRT:W4 R5COVRT:W5 R6COVRT:W6 R7COVRT:W7 R8COVRT:W8 R9COVRT:W9

R R R R R R R R R

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

covers covers covers covers covers covers covers covers covers

retirees retirees retirees retirees retirees retirees retirees retirees retirees

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1COVRT S2COVRT S3COVRT S4COVRT S5COVRT S6COVRT S7COVRT S8COVRT S9COVRT

S1COVRT:W1 S2COVRT:W2 S3COVRT:W3 S4COVRT:W4 S5COVRT:W5 S6COVRT:W6 S7COVRT:W7 S8COVRT:W8 S9COVRT:W9

S S S S S S S S S

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

covers covers covers covers covers covers covers covers covers

retirees retirees retirees retirees retirees retirees retirees retirees retirees

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1COVRT R2COVRT R3COVRT R4COVRT R5COVRT R6COVRT R7COVRT R8COVRT R9COVRT

5072 4854 3683 4224 3737 3037 3739 2885 2385

0.773 0.701 0.647 0.628 0.638 0.671 0.602 0.614 0.600

0.419 0.458 0.478 0.483 0.481 0.470 0.490 0.487 0.490

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1COVRT S2COVRT S3COVRT S4COVRT S5COVRT S6COVRT S7COVRT S8COVRT S9COVRT

4089 3840 2746 3135 2812 2268 2737 2113 1741

0.777 0.723 0.651 0.632 0.647 0.673 0.598 0.617 0.602

0.416 0.447 0.477 0.482 0.478 0.469 0.490 0.486 0.490

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1COVRT .A=Already 65+ | .D=DK/NA | .H=Missing whether covrd | 90 .M=Missing answer | 862 .N=No Plan | 6628 .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF |

R2COVRT 152 79 9 6323 8222 3

R3COVRT 437 215 515 112 5639 7027 2

R4COVRT 2246 282 697 129 13378 1

R5COVRT 2321 317 132 13 12739

R6COVRT 2631 255 206 217 11788

R7COVRT 2557 286 198 274 13048

2

1

R8COVRT 2429 277 156 197 12505

R9COVRT 2231 176 166 139 12102

Section G: Health Insurance

.S=Skip, not cur/prv emp plan | 0=No | 1=Yes |

832

1150 3922

1453 3401

Value-------------------------| S1COVRT .A=Already 65+ | .D=DK/NA | .H=Missing whether covrd | 10 .M=Missing answer | 668 .N=No Plan | 5529 .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | .S=Skip, not cur/prv emp plan | .U=Unmar | 2356 .V=Sp NR | 0=No | 911 1=Yes | 3178

S2COVRT 100 54 6 5100 4549 1 5970 22 1063 2777

361 1301 2382

427 1572 2652

320 1352 2385

31 999 2038

26 1489 2250

20 1114 1771

18 953 1432

S3COVRT 386 151 493 74 4400 3704 2 289 5658 88 959 1787

S4COVRT 1504 208 660 97 8454

S5COVRT 1527 232 93 10 8059

S6COVRT 1708 195 151 175 7300

S7COVRT 1649 205 113 217 8335

S8COVRT 1527 222 99 162 7867

S9COVRT 1386 125 120 106 7463

1 329 6869 127 1153 1982

253 6538 55 994 1818

2 20 6306 42 742 1526

15 6777 81 1100 1637

15 6417 47 810 1303

13 6206 57 693 1048

How Constructed: RwCOVRT indicates whether the respondent's employer-provided health insurance covers retirees. In Waves 1 and 2H, this is taken from a direct question that asks whether a plan covers retirees. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, it is taken from a question that asks about coverage up to age 65. SwCOVRT indicates whether health insurance from the employer of the respondent's spouse or partner covers retirees. The number of insurance plans about which information is gathered varies across waves. In Wave 1, a question asks if the plan covers retirees, for each plan. If any plan provided by R's current or previous employer, or union covers retirees, then RwCOVRT is set to yes. If no plan is provided by R’s employer or union, then RwCOVRT is set to .N, no plan. In Wave 2H, if the respondent indicates that he/she is still covered by his/her own employerprovided health plan reported in Wave 1, the Wave 1 information is assumed to be correct for Wave 2H as well, i.e., R2COVRT is set to R1COVRT. If Wave 2H employer-provided health insurance is not a continuation of the preloaded Wave 1 coverage, the Wave 2H question about whether the plan covers retirees is used to set RwCOVRT. If any plan from R's current or previous employer, or union covers retirees then RwCOVRT is set to yes. If no plan is provided by R’s employer or union, then RwCOVRT is set to .N, no plan. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, this question is no longer asked. Another question asks if the plan would cover the respondent up to age 65. Since this seems to be asking about insurance coverage of early retirees, this question was used for the RwCOVRT variables in Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward. If coverage can continue to age 65, then RwCOVRT is set to yes. If R is already 65 then RwCOVRT is set to .A - already 65, and if the plan(s) are not from R's current or previous employer, RwCOVRT is set to .S - question skipped. Note that if the source of insurance is R’s union or through self-employment, these questions are not asked, so RwCOVRT is set to .S. If the respondent does not report being covered by R's employer, then RwCOVRT is set to .N - no plan. In all waves, if missing whether R is covered then RwCOVRT is set to .H, missing whether covered by employer-provided insurance. If the question was asked or should have been asked, and the answer is missing then RwCOVRT is set to .D for don’t know, .R for refused, and .M for all other missings. In Waves 2A and 3A, this question is not asked. In Wave 3A, special missing values are set for no insurance (.N), if the respondent is older than 65 (.A), and if RwCOVR is missing (.H). For all other situations, and for everyone in Wave 2A, RwCOVRT is set to .Q to indicate that no information is available this wave. SwCOVRT for wave 1 is taken from the Financial Respondent's information appropriately. That is, if R is the FinR, then S1COVRT is the FinR spouse's information. But if R is the spouse of FinR, then S1COVRT is FinR's information. From wave 2 on, this information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwCOVRT variable, if available. If R is not married, SwCOVRT is set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwCOVRT is set to .V=Spouse is non-response.

Section G: Health Insurance

833

Please see “Plan specific employer-provided health insurance: Coverage in retirement” for information on individual plans reported. These more detailed variables also provide information as to whether the coverage extends to those over 65 in the waves when this information is available.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, the health insurance questions are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's insurance coverage and, if married, FinR's spouse's insurance coverage. From Wave 2 on, health insurance questions are asked of individual respondents about their own coverage only. In Wave 1 a question asks if the plan covers retirees, for each plan (up to 4 between respondent and spouse). In Wave 2H, if preloaded information indicates R was covered by any employer-provided health insurance in Wave 1, R is asked if this coverage continues. If so then no question about whether the plan covers retirees is asked. If not, or if not covered in Wave 1, current employer provided health insurance plans are asked about (up to 2). A question asks if the plan covers retirees for each plan. In Wave 3H, and Wave 4 forward, the question about whether a plan covers retirees is no longer asked. Other questions ask if the plan would cover the respondent up to age 65 if he/she left the job before age 65 (if from current employer), or if the plan could be continued to age 65 (if from previous employer). This question is skipped if R is already 65, or if the employer-provided health plan is not from either R's current or previous employer (e.g., it is NOT asked if the plan source is a union, spouse's employer, or through R's self-employment). From Wave 6 forward this question is asked for up to three plans. In Waves 2A and 3A, no question about retiree coverage or coverage before age 65 is asked. In some waves, if health insurance extends to age 65 a follow-up question asks if those over 65 may also be covered. The RwCOVRT variables do not provide any information from these follow-up questions. Please see “Plan specific employer-provided health insurance: Coverage in retirement” for information on individual plans reported. These more detailed variables also provide information as to whether the coverage extends to those over 65 in the waves when this information is available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V6614 V6615 V6616 V6618 V6624 V6626 V6813 V6814 V6815 V6816 V6818 V6824 V6826 HRS 1994: W6705 W6707 W6708 W6709 W6724 W6726 W6734

R3:R1EMPLR HLTH INS PLAN R3A:R1EMP:#PLANS HAVE R4:R1EMP:#1:HOW OBTAINED R7:R1#1:AVAIL FOR RTIREE R4:R1EMP:#2:HOW OBTAINED R7:R1#2:AVAIL FOR RTIREE R25:R2HAS OTHR EMP INS R26:R2EMPLR HLTH INS PLN R26A:R2EMP:#PLANS HAVE R27:R2EMP:#1:HOW OBTAIND R30:R2#1:AVAIL FR RTIREE R27:R2EMP:#2:HOW OBTAIND R30:R2#2:AVAIL FR RTIREE R2-1.COVERED BY SAME POL R2b-1.STILL COVERED BY W R2-2a.STILL COVERED BY S R2-2b.STILL COVERED BY S R4.CURRENT HEALTH INS FR P1. R5.HOW OBTAINED P1. R8.AVAILABLE FOR RET

Section G: Health Insurance

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

W6740 W6748 1996: E5158 E5160 E5163_1 E5163_2 E5191_1 E5191_2 E5194_1 E5194_2 1998: F5891 F5893 F5896 F5924 F5927 2000: G6264 G6266 G6269 G6297 G6302 2002: HN033_1 HN033_2 HN033_3 HN034_1 HN034_2 HN034_3 HN059_1 HN059_2 HN059_3 2004: JN033_1 JN033_2 JN033_3 JN034_1 JN034_2 JN034_3 JN059_1 JN059_2 JN059_3 2006: KN033_1 KN033_2 KN033_3 KN034_1 KN034_2 KN034_3 KN059_1 KN059_2 KN059_3 2008: LN033_1 LN033_2 LN033_3 LN034_1 LN034_2 LN034_3 LN059_1 LN059_2 LN059_3

P2. R5.HOW OBTAINED P2. R8.AVAILABLE FOR RET R12X.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY EMPLR INSURANCE FOR HOSP/DR BILL R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R34.COVERAGE CONTINUE TO 65 R34.COVERAGE CONTINUE TO 65 R35.COVERAGE TO 65 IF LEFT NOW R35.COVERAGE TO 65 IF LEFT NOW R12X.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY INSURANCE FOR HOSP/DR BILLS R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R34.COVERAGE CONTINUE TO 65 R35.COVERAGE TO 65 IF LEFT NOW R12AA.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY INSURANCE THRU AN EMPLOYER R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R34.COVERAGE CONTINUE TO 65 R35.COVERAGE TO 65 IF LEFT NOW OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 3 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 3 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 3 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 3

834

Section G: Health Insurance

Tracker: AFINR

1992 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT

835

Section G: Health Insurance

836

Number of Health Insurance plans Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HENUM R2HENUM R3HENUM R4HENUM R5HENUM R6HENUM R7HENUM R8HENUM R9HENUM

R1HENUM:W1 R2HENUM:W2 R3HENUM:W3 R4HENUM:W4 R5HENUM:W5 R6HENUM:W6 R7HENUM:W7 R8HENUM:W8 R9HENUM:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

health health health health health health health health health

insurance insurance insurance insurance insurance insurance insurance insurance insurance

plans plans plans plans plans plans plans plans plans

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HENUM S2HENUM S3HENUM S4HENUM S5HENUM S6HENUM S7HENUM S8HENUM S9HENUM

S1HENUM:W1 S2HENUM:W2 S3HENUM:W3 S4HENUM:W4 S5HENUM:W5 S6HENUM:W6 S7HENUM:W7 S8HENUM:W8 S9HENUM:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

health health health health health health health health health

insurance insurance insurance insurance insurance insurance insurance insurance insurance

plans plans plans plans plans plans plans plans plans

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1HENUM R2HENUM R3HENUM R4HENUM R5HENUM R6HENUM R7HENUM R8HENUM R9HENUM

12497 4762 17838 20871 19163 18044 20018 18373 17099

0.771 0.315 0.690 0.544 0.541 0.736 0.727 0.668 0.624

0.585 0.521 0.584 0.590 0.584 0.557 0.617 0.567 0.606

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 6.000 6.000 7.000 11.000 23.000 12.000 13.000

S1HENUM S2HENUM S3HENUM S4HENUM S5HENUM S6HENUM S7HENUM S8HENUM S9HENUM

10124 3328 11857 13632 12440 11585 12929 11693 10595

0.820 0.362 0.749 0.636 0.636 0.806 0.797 0.739 0.698

0.577 0.542 0.578 0.598 0.590 0.535 0.598 0.563 0.611

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 6.000 6.000 4.000 5.000 23.000 12.000 13.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1HENUM .D=Don't know | .M=Missing | 146 .P=Coverage carried from W1 | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=Refused | 9 .S=Skip, Question not asked | 0=None | 3836

R2HENUM 1 55 6600 8222 2 3381

R3HENUM 10

R4HENUM 10

R5HENUM 8

R6HENUM 66

R7HENUM 69

R8HENUM 66

R9HENUM 85

2 141 6540

3 500 10435

2 406 9571

43 14 5620

24 18 6600

15 15 6854

16 17 7121

Section G: Health Insurance

837

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 12 13 22 23

| | | | | | | | | | | |

7751 855 51 4

Value-------------------------| S1HENUM .D=Don't know | 1 .M=Missing | 148 .P=Coverage carried from W1 | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=Refused | 6 .S=Skip, Question not asked | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 0=None | 2707 1 | 6579 2 | 792 3 | 44 4 | 2 5 | 6 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 23 |

1278 92 8 3

10380 831 78 6 2 1

9632 711 82 7 3 1

8912 603 64 12

11675 677 51 10 10

12465 842 93 8 6

1

2

10850 598 59 9 2

9419 495 43 11 4

1

5 1

1

1 1 S2HENUM 1 29 5379 4549 2 5970 384 2215 1030 75 6 2

S3HENUM 8

S4HENUM 5

S5HENUM 6

S6HENUM 21

S7HENUM 25

S8HENUM 32

S9HENUM 37

1 49 5658 418 3757 7393 648 52 4 2 1

1 340 6869 537 5717 7236 611 59 5 3 1

1 283 6538 311 5181 6667 537 46 9

30 5 6306 220 2897 8113 522 38 8 7

16 2 6777 380 3471 8740 640 67 5 3

7 3 6417 317 3645 7534 460 42 9 2

10 4 6206 365 3716 6457 377 34 5 1

1

4 1

2

1

How Constructed: RwHENUM is a count of the number of health insurance plans R reports. This is taken from a direct question that asks how many plans do you have. In Wave 2H, if preloaded information indicates R was covered by any employer-provided health insurance in Wave 1 and R confirms this, the number of plans is not asked. In these cases R may confirm coverage from only one Wave 1 plan, so R2HENUM is set to .P = Covered in wave 1. It is unclear whether or not R has the same number of plans in Wave 2 as were reported in R1HENUM. SwHENUM is a count of the number of health insurance plans R’s spouse reports. SwHENUM for wave 1 is taken from the Financial Respondent's information appropriately. That is, if R is the FinR, then S1HENUM is the FinR spouse's information. But if R is the spouse of FinR, then S1HENUM is FinR's information. From wave 2 on, this information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwHENUM variable, if available. If R is not married, SwHENUM is set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwHENUM is set to .V=Spouse is non-response.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, the health insurance questions are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's insurance coverage and, if married, FinR's spouse's insurance coverage. From Wave 2 on, health insurance questions are asked of individual respondents about their own coverage only. In Wave 1 a question asks how many plans does R have. In Wave 2H, if preloaded information indicates R was covered by any employer-provided health insurance in Wave 1, the number of plans is not asked. If R is not covered in Wave 1 but is in Wave 2H, then R is asked how many plans he/she has.

Section G: Health Insurance

This question is not asked in Wave 2A. From Wave 3 forward, R is asked how many plans he/she has.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: VP6614 VP6615 VR6614 VR6615 HRS 1994: W6705 W6707 W6708 W6709 W6724 W6725 AHEAD 1995: D5215 HRS 1996: E5161 HRS 1998: F5894 HRS 2000: G6267 HRS 2002: HN023 HRS 2004: JN023 HRS 2006: KN023 HRS 2008: LN023 Tracker: AFINR

R3:EMPLR HLTH INS PLAN/ Sp-Prtnr R3A:EMP:#PLANS HAVE/ Sp-Prtnr R3:EMPLR HLTH INS PLAN/ Self R3A:EMP:#PLANS HAVE/ Self R2-1.COVERED BY SAME POL R2b-1.STILL COVERED BY W R2-2a.STILL COVERED BY S R2-2b.STILL COVERED BY S R4.CURRENT HEALTH INS FR R4a.# HEALTH INS PLANS F R9A.# OTHER HEALTH INS R14.NUMBER OF EMPLOYER PROVIDED PLANS R14.NUMBER OF PLANS R14.NUMBER OF PLANS NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS 1992 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT

838

Section G: Health Insurance

839

Plan-specific employer-provided health insurance: Source of insurance and who is covered Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HESRC1 R2HESRC1 R3HESRC1 R4HESRC1 R5HESRC1 R6HESRC1 R7HESRC1 R8HESRC1 R9HESRC1

R1HESRC1:W1 R2HESRC1:W2 R3HESRC1:W3 R4HESRC1:W4 R5HESRC1:W5 R6HESRC1:W6 R7HESRC1:W7 R8HESRC1:W8 R9HESRC1:W9

Source Source Source Source Source Source Source Source Source

of of of of of of of of of

R R R R R R R R R

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HESRC1 S2HESRC1 S3HESRC1 S4HESRC1 S5HESRC1 S6HESRC1 S7HESRC1 S8HESRC1 S9HESRC1

S1HESRC1:W1 S2HESRC1:W2 S3HESRC1:W3 S4HESRC1:W4 S5HESRC1:W5 S6HESRC1:W6 S7HESRC1:W7 S8HESRC1:W8 S9HESRC1:W9

Source Source Source Source Source Source Source Source Source

of of of of of of of of of

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

1 2 3 6 7 8 9

R1HESRC2 R2HESRC2 R3HESRC2 R6HESRC2 R7HESRC2 R8HESRC2 R9HESRC2

R1HESRC2:W1 R2HESRC2:W2 R3HESRC2:W3 R6HESRC2:W6 R7HESRC2:W7 R8HESRC2:W8 R9HESRC2:W9

Source Source Source Source Source Source Source

of of of of of of of

R R R R R R R

1 2 3 6 7 8 9

S1HESRC2 S2HESRC2 S3HESRC2 S6HESRC2 S7HESRC2 S8HESRC2 S9HESRC2

S1HESRC2:W1 S2HESRC2:W2 S3HESRC2:W3 S6HESRC2:W6 S7HESRC2:W7 S8HESRC2:W8 S9HESRC2:W9

Source Source Source Source Source Source Source

of of of of of of of

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

6 7 8 9

R6HESRC3 R7HESRC3 R8HESRC3 R9HESRC3

R6HESRC3:W6 R7HESRC3:W7 R8HESRC3:W8 R9HESRC3:W9

Source Source Source Source

of of of of

R R R R

6 7 8 9

S6HESRC3 S7HESRC3 S8HESRC3 S9HESRC3

S6HESRC3:W6 S7HESRC3:W7 S8HESRC3:W8 S9HESRC3:W9

Source Source Source Source

of of of of

Sp Sp Sp Sp

1 2 3 4 5

R1HECOV1 R2HECOV1 R3HECOV1 R4HECOV1 R5HECOV1

R1HECOV1:W1 R2HECOV1:W2 R3HECOV1:W3 R4HECOV1:W4 R5HECOV1:W5

Who Who Who Who Who

covered covered covered covered covered

is is is is is

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

empl empl empl empl

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

in in in in in

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

#3 #3 #3 #3

plan plan plan plan R R R R R

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

plan plan plan plan

empl empl empl empl

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Categ Categ Categ Categ

#3 #3 #3 #3

empl empl empl empl empl

plan plan plan plan plan

Categ Categ Categ Categ #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section G: Health Insurance

840

6 7 8 9

R6HECOV1 R7HECOV1 R8HECOV1 R9HECOV1

R6HECOV1:W6 R7HECOV1:W7 R8HECOV1:W8 R9HECOV1:W9

Who Who Who Who

is is is is

covered covered covered covered

in in in in

R R R R

empl empl empl empl

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HECOV1 S2HECOV1 S3HECOV1 S4HECOV1 S5HECOV1 S6HECOV1 S7HECOV1 S8HECOV1 S9HECOV1

S1HECOV1:W1 S2HECOV1:W2 S3HECOV1:W3 S4HECOV1:W4 S5HECOV1:W5 S6HECOV1:W6 S7HECOV1:W7 S8HECOV1:W8 S9HECOV1:W9

Who Who Who Who Who Who Who Who Who

is is is is is is is is is

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

in in in in in in in in in

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

1 2 3 6 7 8 9

R1HECOV2 R2HECOV2 R3HECOV2 R6HECOV2 R7HECOV2 R8HECOV2 R9HECOV2

R1HECOV2:W1 R2HECOV2:W2 R3HECOV2:W3 R6HECOV2:W6 R7HECOV2:W7 R8HECOV2:W8 R9HECOV2:W9

Who Who Who Who Who Who Who

is is is is is is is

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

in in in in in in in

R R R R R R R

1 2 3 6 7 8 9

S1HECOV2 S2HECOV2 S3HECOV2 S6HECOV2 S7HECOV2 S8HECOV2 S9HECOV2

S1HECOV2:W1 S2HECOV2:W2 S3HECOV2:W3 S6HECOV2:W6 S7HECOV2:W7 S8HECOV2:W8 S9HECOV2:W9

Who Who Who Who Who Who Who

is is is is is is is

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

in in in in in in in

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

6 7 8 9

R6HECOV3 R7HECOV3 R8HECOV3 R9HECOV3

R6HECOV3:W6 R7HECOV3:W7 R8HECOV3:W8 R9HECOV3:W9

Who Who Who Who

is is is is

covered covered covered covered

in in in in

R R R R

6 7 8 9

S6HECOV3 S7HECOV3 S8HECOV3 S9HECOV3

S6HECOV3:W6 S7HECOV3:W7 S8HECOV3:W8 S9HECOV3:W9

Who Who Who Who

is is is is

covered covered covered covered

in in in in

Sp Sp Sp Sp

plan plan plan plan

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

empl empl empl empl

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

empl empl empl empl empl empl empl

Categ Categ Categ Categ

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

plan plan plan plan plan plan plan

plan plan plan plan

empl empl empl empl

#1 #1 #1 #1

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

#3 #3 #3 #3

plan plan plan plan

Std Dev

Minimum

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

#3 #3 #3 #3

Descriptive Statistics Mean

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Variable

N

Maximum

R1HESRC1 R2HESRC1 R3HESRC1 R4HESRC1 R5HESRC1 R6HESRC1 R7HESRC1 R8HESRC1 R9HESRC1

12462 11294 15784 20687 19469 17970 19941 18320 17056

1.868 0.950 0.663 0.638 0.670 0.655 0.657 0.623 0.566

2.271 0.745 0.733 0.718 0.739 0.736 0.736 0.738 0.725

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

S1HESRC1 S2HESRC1 S3HESRC1

10166 8706 10496

0.781 1.169 0.960

0.925 0.811 0.895

0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000

Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section G: Health Insurance

841

S4HESRC1 S5HESRC1 S6HESRC1 S7HESRC1 S8HESRC1 S9HESRC1

13448 12685 11553 12907 11679 10576

0.967 0.971 0.955 0.944 0.881 0.812

0.903 0.889 0.887 0.887 0.887 0.884

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

R1HESRC2 R2HESRC2 R3HESRC2 R6HESRC2 R7HESRC2 R8HESRC2 R9HESRC2

7177 3483 7234 6360 7538 7512 7676

0.331 0.047 0.156 0.117 0.127 0.090 0.067

1.208 0.282 0.485 0.418 0.434 0.364 0.312

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

6.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

S1HESRC2 S2HESRC2 S3HESRC2 S6HESRC2 S7HESRC2 S8HESRC2 S9HESRC2

6081 2298 4329 3468 4180 4151 4135

0.084 0.050 0.198 0.182 0.200 0.148 0.120

0.353 0.272 0.530 0.519 0.544 0.482 0.444

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

R6HESRC3 R7HESRC3 R8HESRC3 R9HESRC3

5686 6699 6923 7180

0.009 0.012 0.009 0.007

0.116 0.128 0.105 0.087

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

S6HESRC3 S7HESRC3 S8HESRC3 S9HESRC3

2947 3542 3698 3758

0.018 0.025 0.021 0.016

0.179 0.215 0.197 0.179

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

R1HECOV1 R2HECOV1 R3HECOV1 R4HECOV1 R5HECOV1 R6HECOV1 R7HECOV1 R8HECOV1 R9HECOV1

8605 7769 8694 10842 9890 8928 9938 8580 7276

3.620 2.737 2.870 1.631 2.815 2.237 2.203 2.156 2.159

1.860 0.970 1.230 0.930 1.241 0.979 1.004 0.991 1.002

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

6.000 5.000 4.000 3.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1HECOV1 S2HECOV1 S3HECOV1 S4HECOV1 S5HECOV1 S6HECOV1 S7HECOV1 S8HECOV1 S9HECOV1

4471 6359 6680 8227 7496 6733 7442 6303 5263

3.263 3.244 3.690 2.398 3.728 2.806 2.790 2.764 2.779

0.924 0.949 1.207 0.490 1.190 0.425 0.501 0.432 0.469

2.000 1.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 3.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

R1HECOV2 R2HECOV2 R3HECOV2 R6HECOV2 R7HECOV2 R8HECOV2 R9HECOV2

746 103 7228 514 670 483 377

3.807 3.825 3.914 2.405 2.340 2.284 2.263

1.870 0.706 0.456 0.922 0.969 0.960 0.983

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

6.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 3.000 4.000

S1HECOV2 S2HECOV2

369 83

3.027 5.000

0.703 0.000

2.000 5.000

5.000 5.000

Section G: Health Insurance

842

S3HECOV2 S6HECOV2 S7HECOV2 S8HECOV2 S9HECOV2

5797 424 551 393 305

4.907 2.847 2.820 2.776 2.761

0.470 0.398 0.517 0.417 0.471

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 3.000 5.000

R6HECOV3 R7HECOV3 R8HECOV3 R9HECOV3

41 68 50 43

2.220 2.294 2.200 2.116

0.988 0.963 0.990 1.005

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S6HECOV3 S7HECOV3 S8HECOV3 S9HECOV3

32 52 43 32

2.750 2.846 2.698 2.719

0.440 0.364 0.465 0.457

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1HESRC1 R2HESRC1 R3HESRC1 R4HESRC1 R5HESRC1 R6HESRC1 R7HESRC1 R8HESRC1 R9HESRC1 .C=Cov,DK by whose emplyr | 7 705 590 14 .D=Don't know | 1 5 46 22 34 .M=Missing | 95 33 1250 69 49 123 111 96 118 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 .R=Refused | 10 18 17 16 13 .T=Cov,DK whether by emplyr | 84 63 189 74 77 53 43 0=No employer-provided insuran| 3952 3429 7795 10435 9593 9042 10003 9740 9780 1=Respondent | 4732 4996 5517 7309 6708 6086 6778 5742 4891 2=Spouse | 1031 2869 2472 2943 3168 2842 3160 2838 2385 6=R is a covered non FINR(W1) | 2747 Value-------------------------|S1HESRC1 S2HESRC1 S3HESRC1 S4HESRC1 S5HESRC1 S6HESRC1 S7HESRC1 S8HESRC1 S9HESRC1 .C=Cov,DK by whose emplyr | 2 604 496 7 .D=Don't know | 1 2 22 8 19 .M=Missing | 95 12 696 16 10 56 43 42 51 .Q=Not asked this wave | 4549 .R=Refused | 9 13 5 10 9 .T=Cov,DK whether by emplyr | 8 4 92 32 22 14 19 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0=No employer-provided insuran| 5713 2252 4420 5717 5196 4820 5465 5376 5313 1=Respondent | 971 2735 2079 2457 2655 2433 2702 2319 1938 2=Spouse | 3482 3719 3997 5274 4834 4300 4740 3984 3325 Value-------------------------|R1HESRC2 R2HESRC2 R3HESRC2 .C=Cov,DK by whose emplyr | 6470 .D=Don't know | 4 46 .M=Missing | 95 30 78 .P=Only one plan carried from | 6615 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 .R=Refused | 2 10 17 .T=Cov,DK whether by emplyr | 7 183 .X=No more plans | 5371 1278 3963 0=No employer-provided insuran| 6440 3381 6476 1=Respondent | 219 41 384 2=Spouse | 238 61 374 6=R is a covered non FINR(W1) | 280

R6HESRC2 R7HESRC2 R8HESRC2 R9HESRC2

Value-------------------------|S1HESRC2 S2HESRC2 S3HESRC2 .C=Cov,DK by whose emplyr | 5202 .D=Don't know | 1 22 .M=Missing | 95 9 22 .P=Only one plan carried from | 5394 .Q=Not asked this wave | 4549 .R=Refused | 1 7 5 .T=Cov,DK whether by emplyr | 99 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 .V=Sp NR | 384 418

S6HESRC2 S7HESRC2 S8HESRC2 S9HESRC2

123

111

96

118

9 11675 5846 286 228

15 12465 6868 380 290

11 10850 7029 293 190

4 9419 7299 243 134

56

43

42

51

4 6306 220

9 6777 380

8 6417 317

3 6206 365

Section G: Health Insurance

.X=No more plans | 0=No employer-provided insuran| 1=Respondent | 2=Spouse |

843

4102 5713 223 145

1030 2215 52 31

2236 3734 331 264

8113 3044 216 208

8740 3629 267 284

7534 3758 173 220

6457 3830 115 190

Value-------------------------| .M=Missing | .T=Cov,DK whether by emplyr | .X=No more plans | 0=No employer-provided insuran| 1=Respondent | 2=Spouse |

R6HESRC3 R7HESRC3 R8HESRC3 R9HESRC3 123 111 96 118 6 12 2 5 12352 13307 11448 9914 5645 6631 6873 7137 29 54 41 39 12 14 9 4

Value-------------------------| .M=Missing | .T=Cov,DK whether by emplyr | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=No more plans | 0=No employer-provided insuran| 1=Respondent | 2=Spouse |

S6HESRC3 S7HESRC3 S8HESRC3 S9HESRC3 56 43 42 51 3 7 1 3 6306 6777 6417 6206 220 380 317 365 8635 9380 7994 6834 2915 3490 3655 3726 11 14 9 2 21 38 34 30

Value-------------------------|R1HECOV1 R2HECOV1 R3HECOV1 R4HECOV1 R5HECOV1 R6HECOV1 R7HECOV1 R8HECOV1 R9HECOV1 .D=Don't know | 221 22 34 69 71 53 41 .H=Source missing, question no| 20 .M=Missing | 95 202 1250 69 49 123 111 96 118 .N=None | 3952 3429 7795 10435 9593 9042 10003 9740 9780 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 .R=Refused | 31 16 13 5 6 2 1=Respondent Only | 1874 1574 2405 7420 2899 3427 4042 3631 3094 2=Spouse | 211 3=Both | 3143 4678 2609 3422 3019 5455 5730 4929 4110 4=Respondent, DK Spouse | 841 1293 3680 3972 46 166 20 72 5=Spouse, DK R | 13 6=R is a covered non FINR(W1) | 2747 Value-------------------------|S1HECOV1 S2HECOV1 S3HECOV1 S4HECOV1 S5HECOV1 S6HECOV1 S7HECOV1 S8HECOV1 S9HECOV1 .D=Don't know | 108 8 19 30 20 14 18 .H=Source missing, question no| 10 .M=Missing | 95 118 696 16 10 56 43 42 51 .N=None | 5713 2252 4420 5717 5196 4820 5465 5376 5313 .Q=Not asked this wave | 4549 .R=Refused | 11 10 9 2 2 1 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 1=Respondent Only | 208 2=Spouse | 593 449 1232 4950 1225 1358 1774 1500 1247 3=Both | 2994 4486 2528 3277 2931 5348 5563 4796 3974 4=Respondent, DK Spouse | 13 5=Spouse, DK R | 884 1203 2920 3340 27 105 7 42 Value-------------------------|R1HECOV2 R2HECOV2 R3HECOV2 .D=Don't know | 222 .H=Source missing, question no| 13 .M=Missing | 95 30 78 .N=None | 6440 3381 6476 .P=Only one plan carried from | 6615 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 .R=Refused | 24 .X=No more plans | 5371 1278 3963 1=Respondent Only | 135 6 156 3=Both | 299 150 4=Respondent, DK Spouse | 32 97 6922 6=R is a covered non FINR(W1) | 280

R6HECOV2 R7HECOV2 R8HECOV2 R9HECOV2 5 13 8 3

Value-------------------------|S1HECOV2 S2HECOV2 S3HECOV2 .D=Don't know | 116 .H=Source missing, question no| 8 .M=Missing | 95 9 22 .N=None | 5713 2215 3734

S6HECOV2 S7HECOV2 S8HECOV2 S9HECOV2 2 7 6 2

123 5846

111 6868

96 7029

118 7299

4 11675 154 358 2

2 12465 227 431 12

3 10850 173 310

1 9419 141 232 4

56 3044

43 3629

42 3758

51 3830

Section G: Health Insurance

.P=Only one plan carried from | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=Refused | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=No more plans | 2=Spouse | 3=Both | 5=Spouse, DK R |

844

5394 4549 2373 4102 54 283 32

5970 384 1030

83

10 5658 418 2236 84 144 5569

2 6306 220 8113 69 353 2

2 6777 380 8740 121 419 11

2 6417 317 7534 88 305

1 6206 365 6457 77 226 2

Value-------------------------| .D=Don't know | .M=Missing | .N=None | .R=Refused | .X=No more plans | 1=Respondent Only | 3=Both |

R6HECOV3 R7HECOV3 R8HECOV3 R9HECOV3 2 11 2 5 123 111 96 118 5645 6631 6873 7137 4 1 12352 13307 11448 9914 16 24 20 19 25 44 30 24

Value-------------------------| .D=Don't know | .M=Missing | .N=None | .R=Refused | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=No more plans | 2=Spouse | 3=Both |

S6HECOV3 S7HECOV3 S8HECOV3 S9HECOV3 1 6 1 3 56 43 42 51 2915 3490 3655 3726 2 1 6306 6777 6417 6206 220 380 317 365 8635 9380 7994 6834 8 8 13 9 24 44 30 23

How Constructed: These variables provide source and coverage information about individual employer-provided health insurance plans. RwHESRCx, the source, may be a current or previous employer or union of the respondent or spouse, and respondent and spouse can be covered. If R is self employed, health insurance provided by his business is considered employer-provided. There are variables for each plan. The number of plans for which information was collected varies from wave to wave. RwHESRCx indicates the source of the health insurance plan, where ‘x’ denotes the plan number. RwHECOVx indicates who is covered under the plan. For each plan R is asked for the source. If the plan is provided by R’s business, current or previous employer or union, then we set RwHESRCx to ‘Respondent’. If the plan comes from respondents spouses current or former employer or union or from an ex-spouse, then we set RwHESRCx to ‘Spouse’. We also collect information on who is covered under each insurance plan. If R reports that he is covered but no-one else is covered, then RwHECOVx is set to ‘Respondent only covered’. If R is not given an opportunity to report if anyone else is covered or answers ‘don’t know’ or ‘refused’ to the anyone else covered question, then RwHECOVx is set to ‘Respondent, don’t know about Spouse’. If R reports that spouse is also covered under their plan then RwHECOVx is set to ‘Both’. In Wave 1 only the financial respondent answered the questions. They are asked first about their primary plan and whether others are covered under this plan and then they are asked if their spouse has any additional health insurance plans. So it is possible for the spouse to be covered under the FINR’s plan and not have any additional plans. Then, R1HESRC1=6 is a special value indicating that R is a Non-FINR and is only covered under FINR’s primary plan. If the non-FINR also has an additional plan, the R1HESRC1 will contain information about the additional plan and the spouse variables (S1HECOV) will hold the information regarding the FINR plan. So it is important to look at the spouse variables as well as the respondent variables to get a full picture of the non-FINR’s coverage in Wave 1. In Wave 2H, the source of the plan is not asked if a preloaded value indicates that the respondent reported being covered by employer-provided health insurance at wave 1 and if the respondent indicates that he/she is still covered by that source. The HRS documentation indicates that the preloaded value is taken from specific Wave 1 variables. In these cases, the Wave 1 variable is used to determine whether the plan that continues to cover R in Wave 2 is the respondent's or the

Section G: Health Insurance

845

spouse's plan. If it is the respondent's plan then R2HESRCx is set to ‘Respondent’. If it is the spouse's plan then R2HESRCx is set to ‘Spouse’. If the preloaded value does not indicate Wave 1 coverage or if R does not say he/she is still covered by that source, then questions similar to the Wave 1 questions are asked, and if the source of any plan that covers R is the respondent's current or previous employer, union, or own business, then R2HESRCx is set to ‘Respondent’. If the source of any plan that covers R is the spouse's current or previous employer, or union, then R2HESRCx is set to ‘Spouse’. In Wave 2A, questions about non-government health insurance do not include any information about the source of the coverage. So for Ahead respondents, R2HESRCx and R2HECOVx are set to the .Q SAS special missing value, to indicate that no information is available. From Wave 3 forward, the questions do not depend on answers given in previous waves. In Wave 3A, a question asks if the respondent is covered by any non-government health plan besides long term care insurance. In Waves 3H, 4 and 5, a question asks if the respondent is covered by any employer provided health insurance, or if self-employed, through the business. If no health insurance is reported in these questions RwHESRCx is set to 0 and RwHECOVx is set to .N – no employer related insurance. If the respondent reports having health insurance, then RwHECOVx is set to ‘Respondent only’. RwHESRCx is set to ‘Respondent’ if the source is R's current or previous employer or union, or if the respondent is self-employed and has health insurance through the business. If the respondent reports that their spouse is also covered under this insurance, then RwHECOVx is set to ‘Both’. RwHESRCx is set to ‘Spouse’ if the source is the spouse's current or previous employer or union. If the respondent doesn’t know if anyone else is covered or reports that someone else is covered but doesn’t know who, then RwHECOVx is set to ‘Respondent, don’t know about spouse’. In Wave 3A, if the source of insurance is unknown (DK/RF) then RwHESRCx and RwHECOVx are set to missing (.D/.R). If no source is unknown and none of the sources indicate R and R's spouse's employer, then RwHESRCx is set to 0 and RwHECOVx is set to .N. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, if R reports employer-provided insurance but the source of coverage is "other", "don't know", or "refused" then RwHESRCx is set to special missing .C, covered but don't know the source. RwHECOVx is still reported and so it is possible for RwHESRCx to be a special missing and RwHECOVx not missing. This happens most often for self-employed respondents in Waves 3H and 4 who did not have insurance through the business but did through an employer. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 on, if RwHESRCx is .C and the spouse of R indicates whether or not R is covered by his/her (the spouse's) employer-provided insurance, then RwHESRCx is set according to the spouse information. Beginning in Wave 6, the self-employed are no longer asked the health insurance question separately; it is combined with current employer. Note that because questions are skipped based on R's marital status in Waves 6 and 7, spouse's current or previous employer is not directly asked as the source if R is not married/partnered. In prior waves, there is no such limitation, and some reported a spouse's employer as the source of insurance even when not married. From Wave 8 forward, ever-married respondents are asked about former spouse’s employers as the source of insurance. S1HESRCx and S1HECOVx for Wave 1 are taken from the Financial Respondent's (FinR's) information appropriately. That is, if R is the FinR, then S1HESCRx and S1HECOVx are the FinR spouse's information. But if R is the spouse of FinR, then S1HESRCx and S1HECOVx are FinR's information. From Wave 2 on, SwHESCRx and SwHECOVx are derived from the spouse's self-reported RwHESRCx and RwHECOVx variables, if available.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, the health insurance questions are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's insurance coverage and, if married, FinR's spouse's insurance coverage. From Wave 2 on, health insurance questions are asked of individual respondents about their own coverage only. In Wave 1, the private health insurance questions begin with: "Do you have any type of health insurance coverage obtained through your [or your spouse's] employer, former employer or union, such as Blue Cross-Blue Shield or a Health Maintenance Organization?". If yes, the FinR is asked

Section G: Health Insurance

846

how many plans and the source of up to two plans. The source of insurance can be R's current or former employer, R's union, R's spouse's current or former employer or union, and other. If the FinR is married and reported having employer-provided health insurance, the first question about the spouse's private health insurance coverage is: "You told me earlier that you obtain health insurance through an employer or union. Is your spouse covered by the same insurance plan(s)?". If so, the FinR is then asked by which (if more than one plan). The questions then ask if FinR's spouse is covered by any additional employer-provided health insurance, and if so, the source of up to two plans. We also collect information for up to two plans for the spouse. If the spouse is covered by the FINR’s plan and also has additional plans, then we use additional information first and the FINR plan information can be found in the S1HESRCx and S1HECOVx variables. If they do not have additional plans and are only covered by the FINR’s plan, then we use the special value ‘6’ to indicate that R is a covered NON-FINR. So R1HESRC1 is the first plan R reported to be covered under and R1HERTR1 is the first plan R reported to be covered in retirement. The analyst must look at the source variable to see who’s employer is providing the coverage. This is only true in Wave 1 – in later waves if the source is not R’s employer, the retirement coverage questions are not asked. So in later waves when SwHERTR1=1 then SwHESRC1=2 (Spouses employer). In Wave 2 if R says he is still covered under his Wave 1 plan then we carry his first Wave 1 plan information forward. The definition of these new insurance variables is slightly different from the more general ones (RwCOVR/RwCOVS and RwCOVRT) and the two sets do not always match up. For example, there are 9 cases in Wave 1 where R says he has one plan but gives information about two. For these cases R1COVR=1, but in the detailed variable derivation the number of plans limits the plan information examined, so the second plan source is ignored. There are also 18 cases have R2COVRT=1 but the detailed variables do not indicate coverage in retirement. For R2COVRT, the Wave 2 information is being carried forward from the second plan in Wave 1. The detailed variable derivation only carries information on one Wave 1 plan forward to Wave 2, so the detailed variable R2HERTR2 is set to .P instead of 1. For the FinR in Wave 1, and for Waves 2H and 3, up to two insurance plans are asked about. In Waves 4 and 5, only one employer-provided health insurance plan is asked about. The question wording asks for information about plans in order of importance. From Wave 6 forward, data is collected about three plans. In Wave 2H, if preloaded information indicates R was covered by any employer-provided health insurance in Wave 1, the following question is asked: "According to our records, in [Wave 1 interview month] you were covered by health insurance from [source of plan preloaded from W1]. Are you still covered by the same employer health insurance policy as before?". If yes, no further questions on source of insurance are asked. If R is the FinR in Wave 2H and says the records show wrong coverage, a follow-up question asks for a corrected source of insurance at the last interview and whether R is still covered. If R was not the FinR in Wave 1 and says the records show wrong coverage, or if R (FinR or not) responds with any other answer except "yes", questions almost identical to those asked in Wave 1 regarding coverage and its source are asked. In Wave 2H, additional answers for the source of health insurance are possible. In particular, "Through own business" and "Purchased through own business/self-employment" are added to address the coverage of those self-employed. In Wave 2A, questions about other health insurance are asked but there are no questions to indicate whether the source of that insurance is a current or previous employer. In Wave 3A, the question about other health insurance is followed up by asking the source of the insurance. Besides current or previous employers and unions of R and spouse, the source can be other organizations or self. There are two questions about source of coverage, one for the first, or most important plan, and the other about other plans, with the option to answer all that apply. In Wave 3H, 4 and 5, self-employed respondents are asked: "Do you have health insurance through that business that pays hospital or doctor bills?". If self-employed and not covered through the business, or if not self-employed, R is asked if he/she is covered by any employer-provided health insurance. If yes, the source of the coverage is asked. Unfortunately, in Waves 3H and 4, the

Section G: Health Insurance

847

specific source of coverage was skipped if R was self-employed, not covered by the business, but was covered by an employer-provided insurance. This is corrected in Wave 5. In Waves 6 forward, the questions about sources of employer-provided health insurance are asked about up to three plans, and they are asked differently than in previous waves. The questions about source of insurance are asked separately, in the following order until the source is reported: 1. Only if R is working: "Do you obtain this health insurance through Current employer/Own Business of yours?". 2."Do you obtain this health insurance through a former employer of yours?". 3: Only if R is married/partnered: "Do you obtain this health insurance through your spouse/partner's Current employer?". 4. Only if R is married/partnered: "Do you obtain this health insurance through your spouse/partner's former employer?". 5: "Did you purchase this plan directly from an insurance company, through your/your spouse's union, through a group such as AARP, a church, or other organization, or what?" From Wave 8 forward, question 3 is also asked of those who are separated, divorced, or who have had their marriage annulled, with the following wording: "Do you obtain this health insurance through your former spouse/partner's Current employer?". Question 4 is asked of this expanded group and those who are widowed as: "Do you obtain this health insurance through your former spouse/partner's former employer?". Note that in prior waves, R's current employer could be given as the source even if R is not working, and the spouse's employer could be given as the source even if R is not married or partnered. Former and deceased spouse's employers have been coded as the source if mentioned in response to the 5th question in the final release of 2002 (W6) and 2004 (W7) data. For Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, if coverage is from R's employer or union, R is also asked who else is covered on this health insurance, and the response options include a code for spouse.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V6614 V6615 V6616 V6624 V6808 V6809 V6810 V6811 V6813 V6814 V6815 V6816 V6824 HRS 1994: W6705 W6706 W6707 W6708 W6709 W6724 W6726 W6740 AHEAD 1995: D5214

R3:R1EMPLR HLTH INS PLAN R3A:R1EMP:#PLANS HAVE R4:R1EMP:#1:HOW OBTAINED R4:R1EMP:#2:HOW OBTAINED R22:R2COV BY R'S EMP INS R23:CKPT:ONLY 1 PLAN/OTH R24A:PLAN1 COV BOTH R SP R24B:PLAN2 COVERS BOTH R25:R2HAS OTHR EMP INS R26:R2EMPLR HLTH INS PLN R26A:R2EMP:#PLANS HAVE R27:R2EMP:#1:HOW OBTAIND R27:R2EMP:#2:HOW OBTAIND R2-1.COVERED BY SAME POL R2a-1.WHO PROVIDED HEALT R2b-1.STILL COVERED BY W R2-2a.STILL COVERED BY S R2-2b.STILL COVERED BY S R4.CURRENT HEALTH INS FR P1. R5.HOW OBTAINED P2. R5.HOW OBTAINED R9. OTHER HEALTH INSURANCE

Section G: Health Insurance

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

D5215 D5225M1 D5225M2 D5225M3 D5242M1 D5242M2 1996: E5158 E5160 E5163_1 E5163_2 E5172_1 E5172_2 E5173001 E5173002 E5173003 E5173004 E5173005 E5173011 E5173012 E5173013 E5173014 E5173015 1998: F5891 F5893 F5896 F5905 F5906M1 F5906M2 F5906M3 F5906M4 F5906M5 F5906M6 2000: G6264 G6266 G6269 G6278 G6279M1 G6279M2 G6279M3 G6279M4 G6279M5 G6279M6 G6330 G6331M1 G6331M2 G6331M3 G6331M4 G6331M5 G6331M6 2002: HN023 HN033_1 HN033_2 HN033_3 HN034_1 HN034_2 HN034_3 HN035_1 HN035_2 HN035_3

R9A.# OTHER HEALTH INS R10D-1. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R10D-2. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R10D. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R11D-1. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R11D-2. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R12X.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY EMPLR INSURANCE FOR HOSP/DR BILL R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R19C.ANYONE ELSE COVERED R19C.ANYONE ELSE COVERED R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R12X.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY INSURANCE FOR HOSP/DR BILLS R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R19C.ANYONE ELSE COVERED R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R12AA.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY INSURANCE THRU AN EMPLOYER R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R19C.ANYONE ELSE COVERED R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R19D.WHO COVERED? R54.IS ANYONE ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 3

848

Section G: Health Insurance

HN036_1 HN036_2 HN036_3 HN037_1 HN037_2 HN037_3 HN048_1 HN048_2 HN048_3 HN049_1A HN049_1B HN049_1C HN049_1D HN049_2A HN049_2B HN049_2C HN049_2D HN049_3A HN049_3B HN049_3C HN049_3D HRS 2004: JN023 JN033_1 JN033_2 JN033_3 JN034_1 JN034_2 JN034_3 JN035_1 JN035_2 JN035_3 JN036_1 JN036_2 JN036_3 JN037_1 JN037_2 JN037_3 JN048_1 JN048_2 JN048_3 JN049_1A JN049_1B JN049_1C JN049_1D JN049_2A JN049_2B JN049_2C JN049_2D JN049_3A JN049_3B JN049_3C JN049_3D HRS 2006: KN023 KN033_1 KN033_2 KN033_3 KN034_1 KN034_2 KN034_3 KN035_1 KN035_2

OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 1 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 2 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 4 NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 1 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 2 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED-3-3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 4 NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 2

849

Section G: Health Insurance

KN035_3 KN036_1 KN036_2 KN036_3 KN037_1 KN037_2 KN037_3 KN048_1 KN048_2 KN048_3 KN049_1A KN049_1B KN049_1C KN049_1D KN049_2A KN049_2B KN049_2C KN049_2D KN049_3A KN049_3B KN049_3C KN049_3D HRS 2008: LN023 LN033_1 LN033_2 LN033_3 LN034_1 LN034_2 LN034_3 LN035_1 LN035_2 LN035_3 LN036_1 LN036_2 LN036_3 LN037_1 LN037_2 LN037_3 LN048_1 LN048_2 LN048_3 LN049_1M LN049_1M LN049_1M LN049_1M LN049_1M LN049_1M LN049_2M LN049_2M LN049_2M LN049_2M LN049_2M LN049_2M LN049_3M LN049_3M LN049_3M LN049_3M LN049_3M LN049_3M Tracker: AFINR

OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 1 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 2 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 4 NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS PLANS OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP CURRENT EMPLOYER- 3 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU HWP FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 1 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 2 WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE PLAN INSURANCE- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- ANYONE ELSE COVERED- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 5 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 1- 6 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 2- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED -2- 5 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED -2- 6 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 1 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 2 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 3 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 4 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 5 PRIV PLAN HI- WHO COVERED- 3- 6 1992 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT

850

Section G: Health Insurance

851

Plan-specific employer-provided health insurance: Coverage in retirement Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HERTR1 R2HERTR1 R3HERTR1 R4HERTR1 R5HERTR1 R6HERTR1 R7HERTR1 R8HERTR1 R9HERTR1

R1HERTR1:W1 R2HERTR1:W2 R3HERTR1:W3 R4HERTR1:W4 R5HERTR1:W5 R6HERTR1:W6 R7HERTR1:W7 R8HERTR1:W8 R9HERTR1:W9

R R R R R R R R R

coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by by by by by by

R R R R R R R R R

1 2 5 6 7 8 9

S1HERTR1 S2HERTR1 S5HERTR1 S6HERTR1 S7HERTR1 S8HERTR1 S9HERTR1

S1HERTR1:W1 S2HERTR1:W2 S5HERTR1:W5 S6HERTR1:W6 S7HERTR1:W7 S8HERTR1:W8 S9HERTR1:W9

R R R R R R R

coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by by by by

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

1 2 3 6 7 8 9

R1HERTR2 R2HERTR2 R3HERTR2 R6HERTR2 R7HERTR2 R8HERTR2 R9HERTR2

R1HERTR2:W1 R2HERTR2:W2 R3HERTR2:W3 R6HERTR2:W6 R7HERTR2:W7 R8HERTR2:W8 R9HERTR2:W9

R R R R R R R

coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by by by by

R R R R R R R

1 2 6 7 8 9

S1HERTR2 S2HERTR2 S6HERTR2 S7HERTR2 S8HERTR2 S9HERTR2

S1HERTR2:W1 S2HERTR2:W2 S6HERTR2:W6 S7HERTR2:W7 S8HERTR2:W8 S9HERTR2:W9

R R R R R R

coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by by by

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

6 7 8 9

R6HERTR3 R7HERTR3 R8HERTR3 R9HERTR3

R6HERTR3:W6 R7HERTR3:W7 R8HERTR3:W8 R9HERTR3:W9

R R R R

coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by

R R R R

6 7 8 9

S6HERTR3 S7HERTR3 S8HERTR3 S9HERTR3

S6HERTR3:W6 S7HERTR3:W7 S8HERTR3:W8 S9HERTR3:W9

R R R R

coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by

Sp Sp Sp Sp

1 2 5 6 7 8 9

R1HERTS1 R2HERTS1 R5HERTS1 R6HERTS1 R7HERTS1 R8HERTS1 R9HERTS1

R1HERTS1:W1 R2HERTS1:W2 R5HERTS1:W5 R6HERTS1:W6 R7HERTS1:W7 R8HERTS1:W8 R9HERTS1:W9

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by by by by

in in in in in in in in in

in in in in in in in

in in in in in in in

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement

retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement

in in in in in in

in in in in

R R R R R R R

retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement

retirement retirement retirement retirement

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

#3 #3 #3 #3

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

in in in in

retirement retirement retirement retirement

#3 #3 #3 #3

Categ Categ Categ Categ

in in in in in in in

retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section G: Health Insurance

852

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HERTS1 S2HERTS1 S3HERTS1 S4HERTS1 S5HERTS1 S6HERTS1 S7HERTS1 S8HERTS1 S9HERTS1

S1HERTS1:W1 S2HERTS1:W2 S3HERTS1:W3 S4HERTS1:W4 S5HERTS1:W5 S6HERTS1:W6 S7HERTS1:W7 S8HERTS1:W8 S9HERTS1:W9

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by by by by by by

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

1 2 6 7 8 9

R1HERTS2 R2HERTS2 R6HERTS2 R7HERTS2 R8HERTS2 R9HERTS2

R1HERTS2:W1 R2HERTS2:W2 R6HERTS2:W6 R7HERTS2:W7 R8HERTS2:W8 R9HERTS2:W9

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by by by

R R R R R R

1 2 3 6 7 8 9

S1HERTS2 S2HERTS2 S3HERTS2 S6HERTS2 S7HERTS2 S8HERTS2 S9HERTS2

S1HERTS2:W1 S2HERTS2:W2 S3HERTS2:W3 S6HERTS2:W6 S7HERTS2:W7 S8HERTS2:W8 S9HERTS2:W9

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by by by by

Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp Sp

6 7 8 9

R6HERTS3 R7HERTS3 R8HERTS3 R9HERTS3

R6HERTS3:W6 R7HERTS3:W7 R8HERTS3:W8 R9HERTS3:W9

Sp Sp Sp Sp

coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by

R R R R

6 7 8 9

S6HERTS3 S7HERTS3 S8HERTS3 S9HERTS3

S6HERTS3:W6 S7HERTS3:W7 S8HERTS3:W8 S9HERTS3:W9

Sp Sp Sp Sp

coverage coverage coverage coverage

by by by by

Sp Sp Sp Sp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HERET R2HERET R3HERET R4HERET R5HERET R6HERET R7HERET R8HERET R9HERET

R1HERET:W1 R2HERET:W2 R3HERET:W3 R4HERET:W4 R5HERET:W5 R6HERET:W6 R7HERET:W7 R8HERET:W8 R9HERET:W9

R R R R R R R R R

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

in in in in in in in in in

retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement

/summary /summary /summary /summary /summary /summary /summary /summary /summary

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HERET S2HERET S3HERET S4HERET S5HERET S6HERET S7HERET S8HERET S9HERET

S1HERET:W1 S2HERET:W2 S3HERET:W3 S4HERET:W4 S5HERET:W5 S6HERET:W6 S7HERET:W7 S8HERET:W8 S9HERET:W9

S S S S S S S S S

covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered covered

in in in in in in in in in

retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement

/summary /summary /summary /summary /summary /summary /summary /summary /summary

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics

in in in in in in in in in

in in in in in in

retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement

in in in in in in in

in in in in

retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement

in in in in

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement retirement

retirement retirement retirement retirement

#1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1 #1

#2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2 #2

#3 #3 #3 #3

retirement retirement retirement retirement

#3 #3 #3 #3

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Section G: Health Insurance

853

Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1HERTR1 R2HERTR1 R3HERTR1 R4HERTR1 R5HERTR1 R6HERTR1 R7HERTR1 R8HERTR1 R9HERTR1

6812 6193 3646 4224 3737 3001 3701 2855 2360

3.342 3.359 1.284 1.256 1.371 1.431 1.229 1.289 1.223

1.483 1.468 0.959 0.967 1.272 1.269 1.249 1.264 1.242

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 2.000 2.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S1HERTR1 S2HERTR1 S5HERTR1 S6HERTR1 S7HERTR1 S8HERTR1 S9HERTR1

3061 4816 1039 2079 2462 241 197

3.553 3.500 2.029 1.227 0.978 1.386 1.467

1.260 1.323 1.118 1.333 1.270 1.293 1.292

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R1HERTR2 R2HERTR2 R3HERTR2 R6HERTR2 R7HERTR2 R8HERTR2 R9HERTR2

549 68 196 137 201 142 106

3.490 3.000 1.153 1.394 1.289 1.099 1.113

1.335 1.745 0.991 1.203 1.239 1.187 1.237

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 2.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S1HERTR2 S2HERTR2 S6HERTR2 S7HERTR2 S8HERTR2 S9HERTR2

283 56 99 145 9 9

3.463 3.071 1.081 0.800 1.444 1.222

1.366 1.704 1.243 1.176 1.130 1.302

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R6HERTR3 R7HERTR3 R8HERTR3 R9HERTR3

19 34 26 22

0.947 0.765 0.615 0.682

1.177 0.987 1.023 0.945

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S6HERTR3 S7HERTR3 S8HERTR3 S9HERTR3

12 23 1 0

0.833 0.522 0.000 .

1.337 1.039 . .

0.000 0.000 0.000 .

3.000 3.000 0.000 .

R1HERTS1 R2HERTS1 R5HERTS1 R6HERTS1 R7HERTS1 R8HERTS1 R9HERTS1

5447 4996 1066 2111 2529 245 206

3.517 3.496 2.029 1.227 0.983 1.388 1.471

1.304 1.327 1.118 1.331 1.270 1.297 1.287

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S1HERTS1 S2HERTS1 S3HERTS1 S4HERTS1 S5HERTS1 S6HERTS1 S7HERTS1 S8HERTS1 S9HERTS1

3634 5073 2710 3135 2812 2237 2704 2085 1720

3.280 3.425 1.292 1.264 1.400 1.448 1.222 1.287 1.208

1.537 1.403 0.957 0.965 1.277 1.279 1.253 1.261 1.229

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 2.000 2.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Section G: Health Insurance

854

R1HERTS2 R2HERTS2 R6HERTS2 R7HERTS2 R8HERTS2 R9HERTS2

493 66 99 147 9 9

3.586 3.091 1.081 0.789 1.444 1.222

1.219 1.689 1.243 1.172 1.130 1.302

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S1HERTS2 S2HERTS2 S3HERTS2 S6HERTS2 S7HERTS2 S8HERTS2 S9HERTS2

262 54 150 104 154 113 86

3.649 3.111 1.133 1.481 1.188 1.000 1.116

1.134 1.679 0.994 1.207 1.220 1.157 1.241

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 2.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R6HERTS3 R7HERTS3 R8HERTS3 R9HERTS3

12 23 1 0

0.833 0.522 0.000 .

1.337 1.039 . .

0.000 0.000 0.000 .

3.000 3.000 0.000 .

S6HERTS3 S7HERTS3 S8HERTS3 S9HERTS3

14 24 23 17

0.857 0.792 0.696 0.706

1.292 1.021 1.063 1.047

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

R1HERET R2HERET R3HERET R4HERET R5HERET R6HERET R7HERET R8HERET R9HERET

6996 6362 2523 4224 3626 3505 3974 2252 1861

3.505 3.541 1.888 1.256 1.908 1.846 1.693 1.733 1.658

1.317 1.275 0.459 0.967 1.136 1.185 1.205 1.174 1.181

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 2.000 2.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S1HERET S2HERET S3HERET S4HERET S5HERET S6HERET S7HERET S8HERET S9HERET

6043 5446 1913 3135 2747 2769 3048 1518 1255

3.582 3.620 1.868 1.264 2.106 1.967 1.817 1.908 1.818

1.224 1.174 0.496 0.965 1.022 1.139 1.166 1.081 1.098

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

4.000 4.000 2.000 2.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1HERTR1 R2HERTR1 R3HERTR1 R4HERTR1 R5HERTR1 R6HERTR1 R7HERTR1 R8HERTR1 R9HERTR1 .A=Age is 65 or older | 407 2246 2321 2581 2068 1675 1340 .D=Don't know | 917 741 212 282 317 255 284 277 174 .H=Source missing, question no| 96 93 781 697 110 197 188 149 161 .M=Missing | 841 938 185 129 13 216 694 907 990 .N=No respondent employer-prov| 3952 3429 5731 13378 9593 9042 10003 9740 9780 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 7027 .R=Refused | 34 26 2 1 2 1 .S=Skip, Question not asked | 427 3488 2873 3190 2866 2412 0=not covrd in ret | 1120 993 1306 1572 1352 1003 1501 1119 953 1=covrd just to age 65 | 879 748 909 660 589 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 2340 2652 272 204 232 207 157 3=covrd to and over age 65 | 1234 1046 1059 869 661 4=covers retirees (W1&2) | 5692 5200 Value-------------------------|S1HERTR1 S2HERTR1 .A=Age is 65 or older |

S5HERTR1 S6HERTR1 S7HERTR1 S8HERTR1 S9HERTR1 1569 1337 1091 995 759

Section G: Health Insurance

.D=Don't know | .H=Source missing, question no| .M=Missing | .N=No respondent employer-prov| .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=Refused | .S=Skip, Question not asked | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 0=not covrd in ret | 1=covrd just to age 65 | 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 3=covrd to and over age 65 | 4=covers retirees (W1&2) |

855

360 18 1102 5713 25 2373

467 20 1124 2252 4549 27

342

6003 384 602

2719

4214

66 45 1895 5196

214 88 642 4814

234 65 929 5461

55 56 2669 5374

40 70 2304 5310

2920 6538 311 112 298 77 552

2 2458 6313 220 984 320 94 681

4 2722 6781 380 1390 361 87 624

2342 6420 317 89 53 16 83

1960 6212 365 66 46 12 73

Value-------------------------|R1HERTR2 R2HERTR2 R3HERTR2 .A=Age is 65 or older | 20 .D=Don't know | 91 9 15 .H=Source missing, question no| 9 14 6546 .M=Missing | 189 54 15 .N=No respondent employer-prov| 6440 3381 4170 .P=Only one plan carried from | 6615 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 7027 .R=Refused | 3 1 2 .S=Skip, Question not asked | .X=No more plans | 5371 1278 0=not covrd in ret | 70 17 83 1=covrd just to age 65 | 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 113 3=covrd to and over age 65 | 4=covers retirees (W1&2) | 479 51

R6HERTR2 R7HERTR2 R8HERTR2 R9HERTR2 124 118 80 61 14 22 19 16 132 126 107 122 8 32 46 56 5846 6868 7029 7299

Value-------------------------|S1HERTR2 S2HERTR2 .A=Age is 65 or older | .D=Don't know | 39 15 .H=Source missing, question no| 1 8 .M=Missing | 138 21 .N=No respondent employer-prov| 5713 2215 .P=Only one plan carried from | 5393 .Q=Not asked this wave | 4549 .R=Refused | 3 .S=Skip, Question not asked | .U=Unmar | 2373 5971 .V=Sp NR | 384 .X=No more plans | 4102 1030 0=not covrd in ret | 38 13 1=covrd just to age 65 | 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 3=covrd to and over age 65 | 4=covers retirees (W1&2) | 245 43

S6HERTR2 S7HERTR2 S8HERTR2 S9HERTR2 64 65 50 53 10 20 7 4 60 52 50 54 34 48 150 123 3038 3625 3756 3827

Value-------------------------| .A=Age is 65 or older | .D=Don't know | .H=Source missing, question no| .M=Missing | .N=No respondent employer-prov| .S=Skip, Question not asked | .X=No more plans | 0=not covrd in ret | 1=covrd just to age 65 | 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 3=covrd to and over age 65 |

R6HERTR3 R7HERTR3 R8HERTR3 R9HERTR3 10 11 4 6 3 5 4 129 123 98 123 6 5 7 5645 6631 6873 7137 12 14 10 4 12352 13307 11448 9914 10 17 17 12 3 12 5 7 3 1 1 1 3 4 3 2

Value-------------------------| .A=Age is 65 or older | .D=Don't know | .H=Source missing, question no| .M=Missing | .N=No respondent employer-prov| .S=Skip, Question not asked |

S6HERTR3 S7HERTR3 S8HERTR3 S9HERTR3 5 4 1 5 1 2 1 59 50 43 54 3 9 30 25 2909 3486 3653 3723 11 14 10 2

231 11675 41 42 13 41

217 6313 220 8112 48 19 8 24

297 12465 74 54 14 59

273 6781 380 8740 89 24 4 28

196 10850 61 38 11 32

177 6420 317 7533 2 3 2 2

138 9419 48 25 6 27

116 6212 365 6454 4 1 2 2

Section G: Health Insurance

.U=Unmar .V=Sp NR .X=No more plans 0=not covrd in ret 1=covrd just to age 65 3=covrd to and over age 65

856

| | | | | |

Value-------------------------|R1HERTS1 R2HERTS1 .A=Age is 65 or older | .D=Don't know | 554 489 .H=Source missing, question no| 17 23 .M=Missing | 1402 1194 .N=No respondent employer-prov| 2822 2358 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 .R=Refused | 37 28 .S=Skip, Question not asked | .U=Unmar | 2373 2332 0=not covrd in ret | 658 629 1=covrd just to age 65 | 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 3=covrd to and over age 65 | 4=covers retirees (W1&2) | 4789 4367

6313 220 8634 8 1 3

6781 380 9380 17 3 3

6420 317 7993 1

6212 365 6831

R5HERTS1 R6HERTS1 R7HERTS1 R8HERTS1 R9HERTS1 1603 1364 1120 1020 774 68 220 244 55 42 53 93 74 62 72 1955 669 985 2754 2395 5314 4907 5605 5534 5511

2982 6538 115 305 80 566

2 2495 6306 996 328 99 688

4 2791 6777 1420 374 94 641

2382 6417 91 53 16 85

2011 6206 68 49 13 76

Value-------------------------|S1HERTS1 S2HERTS1 S3HERTS1 S4HERTS1 S5HERTS1 S6HERTS1 S7HERTS1 S8HERTS1 S9HERTS1 .A=Age is 65 or older | 356 1504 1527 1674 1297 1010 769 .D=Don't know | 474 555 149 208 232 193 201 221 123 .H=Source missing, question no| 18 21 631 530 45 88 65 56 70 .M=Missing | 420 817 126 97 10 174 520 647 694 .N=No respondent employer-prov| 5713 2252 4332 8174 5196 4820 5465 5376 5313 .Q=Not asked this wave | 4549 3704 .R=Refused | 20 21 2 1 2 .S=Skip, Question not asked | 329 2908 2453 2720 2340 1957 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 384 323 537 311 220 380 317 365 0=not covrd in ret | 654 729 959 1153 994 746 1108 811 692 1=covrd just to age 65 | 661 547 670 497 443 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 1751 1982 195 139 145 145 121 3=covrd to and over age 65 | 962 805 781 632 464 4=covers retirees (W1&2) | 2980 4344 Value-------------------------|R1HERTS2 R2HERTS2 .A=Age is 65 or older | .D=Don't know | 65 17 .H=Source missing, question no| 1 10 .M=Missing | 201 44 .N=No respondent employer-prov| 5310 2315 .P=Only one plan carried from | 5576 .Q=Not asked this wave | 8222 .R=Refused | 4 .S=Skip, Question not asked | .U=Unmar | 2373 2285 .X=No more plans | 4205 1107 0=not covrd in ret | 51 15 1=covrd just to age 65 | 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 3=covrd to and over age 65 | 4=covers retirees (W1&2) | 442 51

R6HERTS2 R7HERTS2 R8HERTS2 R9HERTS2 64 65 52 54 10 22 7 4 65 60 54 56 35 50 152 125 3109 3732 3871 3979

Value-------------------------|S1HERTS2 S2HERTS2 S3HERTS2 .A=Age is 65 or older | 18 .D=Don't know | 35 7 10 .H=Source missing, question no| 1 8 5229 .M=Missing | 164 30 11 .N=No respondent employer-prov| 5713 2215 2887 .P=Only one plan carried from | 5394 .Q=Not asked this wave | 4549 3704 .R=Refused | 2 1 1 .S=Skip, Question not asked | .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 .V=Sp NR | 384 323 .X=No more plans | 4102 1030

S6HERTS2 S7HERTS2 S8HERTS2 S9HERTS2 86 81 50 50 11 18 18 16 60 52 50 54 6 26 35 37 3044 3629 3758 3830

220 6306 8259 48 19 8 24

217 6306 220 8113

279 6777 8997 91 24 4 28

272 6777 380 8740

178 6417 7729 2 3 2 2

177 6417 317 7534

121 6206 6663 4 1 2 2

116 6206 365 6457

Section G: Health Insurance

0=not covrd in ret | 1=covrd just to age 65 | 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 3=covrd to and over age 65 | 4=covers retirees (W1&2) |

857

23

12

65

28 32 10 34

85 239

61 44 8 41

53 29 9 22

39 20 5 22

42

Value-------------------------| .A=Age is 65 or older | .D=Don't know | .H=Source missing, question no| .M=Missing | .N=No respondent employer-prov| .S=Skip, Question not asked | .U=Unmar | .X=No more plans | 0=not covrd in ret | 1=covrd just to age 65 | 3=covrd to and over age 65 |

R6HERTS3 R7HERTS3 R8HERTS3 R9HERTS3 5 4 1 5 1 2 1 64 58 47 56 3 9 30 26 2978 3586 3765 3872 11 14 10 2 6306 6777 6417 6206 8787 9656 8197 7050 8 17 1 1 3 3 3

Value-------------------------| .A=Age is 65 or older | .D=Don't know | .H=Source missing, question no| .M=Missing | .N=No respondent employer-prov| .S=Skip, Question not asked | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | .X=No more plans | 0=not covrd in ret | 1=covrd just to age 65 | 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 3=covrd to and over age 65 |

S6HERTS3 S7HERTS3 S8HERTS3 S9HERTS3 7 8 1 5 2 5 4 59 50 43 54 4 4 4 2915 3490 3655 3726 11 14 10 2 6306 6777 6417 6206 220 380 317 365 8635 9380 7994 6834 9 12 14 10 1 8 5 4 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 2

Value-------------------------| R1HERET .A=Age is 65 or older | .D=Don't know | 782 .H=Source missing, question no| 93 .M=Missing | 1246 .N=No respondent employer-prov| 3504 .P=Only one plan carried from | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=Refused | 31 .S=Skip, Question not asked | .V=Sp NR | 0=not covrd in ret | 865 1=covrd just to age 65 | 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 3=covrd to and over age 65 | 4=covers retirees (W1&2) | 6131

R2HERET

Value-------------------------| S1HERET .A=Age is 65 or older | .D=Don't know | 581 .H=Source missing, question no| 14 .M=Missing | 1239 .N=No respondent employer-prov| 2374 .P=Only one plan carried from | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=Refused | 28 .S=Skip, Question not asked | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 0=not covrd in ret | 632 1=covrd just to age 65 | 2=covrd to age 65, DK over age| 3=covrd to and over age 65 | 4=covers retirees (W1&2) | 5411

S2HERET

584 78 1228 2916 87 8222 24 141 730

R3HERET 28 26 3720 769 3898

R4HERET 2246 282 697 129 13378

R5HERET 1782 115 93 3241 8709

R6HERET 1777 152 223 2714 8079

R7HERET 1422 163 212 3168 8887

R8HERET 1287 119 161 4446 8647

R9HERET 1067 94 179 3921 8703

1873 140 473 1103 335 1715

1618 99 590 1001 273 1641

2 2126 175 826 1201 313 1634

1367 190 409 706 214 923

1169 223 370 613 161 717

S5HERET 1032 40 36 3282 4430

S6HERET 897 97 117 2685 3964

S7HERET 687 91 94 3028 4509

S8HERET 644 66 72 4260 4450

S9HERET 515 47 89 3704 4442

1353 6538 121 137 892 261 1457

1233 6306 99 346 805 213 1405

1 1726 6777 168 476 975 229 1368

884 6417 158 141 540 154 683

763 6206 196 141 468 125 521

7027 1 427 141

1572

2382

2652

S3HERET 26 21 3105 602 2639

S4HERET 1504 208 530 97 8174

5632

427 17 1175 1846 75 4549 21 5958 128 518

4928

3704

5658 323 126

1 329 6869 537 1153

1787

1982

Section G: Health Insurance

858

How Constructed: RwHERTRx indicates whether the respondent's employer-provided health insurance covers R in retirement. RwHERTSx indicates whether the respondent's employer-provided health insurance covers the spouse in retirement. The questions about coverage in retirement are only asked if respondent is covered by respondent’s current or previous employer. In Waves 1 and 2H, this is taken from the question that asks whether the plan covers retirees. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, it is taken from a question that asks about coverage up to age 65. And from Wave 5 forward, an additional question asking about coverage after 65 is used. SwHERTRx and SwHERTSx indicate whether health insurance from the employer of the respondent's spouse or partner covers R or Sp in retirement, respectively. RwHERET summarizes whether the respondent is covered in retirement under any plan, either their own or the spouse’s. SwHERET summarizes whether the spouse is covered in retirement under any plan. The number of insurance plans about which information is gathered varies across waves. In Wave 1, a question asks if the plan covers retirees, for each plan. In Wave 2H, if the respondent indicates that he/she is still covered by his/her own employerprovided health plan reported in Wave 1, the Wave 1 information is assumed to be correct for Wave 2H as well, i.e., R2HERTR1 is set to R1HERTRx, where ‘x’ is the first plan that agrees with the source of coverage presented in Wave 2H. If Wave 2H employer-provided health insurance is not a continuation of the preloaded Wave 1 coverage, the Wave 2H question about whether the plan covers retirees is used to set R2HERTRx. We cannot tell from these questions if R is covered up to 65 or after 65 so we created a separate category for Wave 1 and 2, ‘Covers Retirees’. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, this question is no longer asked. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, another question asks if the plan would cover the respondent up to age 65. If coverage can continue to age 65 in Wave 3H or 4, then RwHERTRx is set to ‘Covered now and to age 65, DK over age 65’. From Wave 5 forward, an additional question asks if the plan would cover the respondent after age 65, allowing for additional categories for RwHERTRx: ‘Only covered to age 65’, ‘Covered up to and after age 65’, or ‘Covered up to age 65, dk after 65’. It is not possible for R to report being covered after 65 if he is not covered up to 65. If R is already 65 then RwHERTRx is set to .A - already 65, and if the plan(s) are not from R's current or previous employer, RwHERTRx is set to .N - No employer-provided insurance. In Wave 5, if R is self employed he is not asked any retirement questions and so they are set to .S – question not asked. Similar questions ask if the spouse is covered in retirement by the respondent’s plan and RwHERTSx is assigned from these questions the same way as described above. The spouse question is in the Wave 3H and 4 questionnaire but no data are collected. In Waves 2A and 3A, retirement questions are not asked. Since no information is available in Waves 3 and 4, we do not include RwHERTSx variables in these waves. In Wave 2A, R2HERTSx is set to special missing values .Q - no information is available this wave. SwHERTRx for Wave 1 is taken from the Financial Respondent's information appropriately. That is, if R is the FinR, then S1HERTRx is the FinR spouse's information. But if R is the spouse of FinR, then S1HERTRx is FinR's information. From Wave 2 on, this information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwHERTRx and RwHERTSx variable, if available, and assigned to SwHERTSx and SwHERTRx, respectively. If R is not married, SwHERTRx and SwHERTSx are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwHERTRx and SwHERTSx are set to .V=Spouse is non-response. RwHERET is the maximum retirement coverage reported for R, derived by examining all RwHERTRx and SwHERTRx variables. If any of these variables are missing values besides .N for no coverage, .X for no more plans, or .U for unmarried, then RwHERET is set to missing. If only one type of

Section G: Health Insurance

859

missing value is observed then that is the missing value assigned to RwHERET. If more than one type of missing value is observed then RwHERET is set to .M. SwHERET is the maximum retirement coverage reported for the spouse, derived by examining all RwHERTSx and SwHERTSx variables. SwHERET is set to missing values in the same way as RwHERET is. Note that in Waves 3 and 4, SwHERET is based only on the spouse’s responses with regard to the insurance coverage he/she provides, because there are not RwHERTSx variables.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, the health insurance questions are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's insurance coverage and, if married, FinR's spouse's insurance coverage. From Wave 2 on, health insurance questions are asked of individual respondents about their own coverage only. Please see the description of cross-wave differences for “Source of insurance and who is covered” for details on how those questions varied over time. In Wave 1, for each plan, a question asks: “Is this health plan available to people who retire?”, and “Can the spouses of retired employees be covered under this plan?”. In Wave 2H, if preloaded information indicates R was covered by any employer-provided health insurance in Wave 1, R is asked if this coverage continues. If so then no question about whether the plan covers retirees is asked. If not, or if not covered in Wave 1, current employer-provided health insurance plans are asked about (up to two). For each plan, the questions about retiree coverage are asked with the same wording as in Wave 1. In Wave 3H, and Wave 4 forward, the question about whether a plan covers retirees is no longer asked. Other questions ask if the plan would cover the respondent up to age 65 if he/she left the job before age 65 (if from current employer), or if the plan could be continued to age 65 (if from previous employer). The question wording is: “[If you left your current employer now could you]/[Can you] continue this [health] insurance coverage for yourself up to the age of 65?” This question is skipped if R is already 65, or if the employer-provided health plan is not from either R's current or previous employer (e.g., it is NOT asked if the plan source is a union, spouse's employer, or through R's self-employment). From Wave 6 forward this question is asked for up to three plans. From Wave 5 forward, an additional question asks if the plan would cover the respondent after age 65. It is only asked if R reported being covered covered up to age 65. The question wording is: “[If you left your current employer now,] Does your employer offer some type of health insurance coverage for you after the age of 65?” Similar questions ask if the spouse is covered in retirement by the respondent’s plan: “[If you left your current employer now could you]/[Can you] continue your current health insurance coverage for your spouse until he/she is age 65?” The question is in the Wave 3H and 4 questionnaire but no data was collected. From Wave 5 forward, if the spouse can be covered up to age 65, another question asks: “[If you left your current employer now,] Does your employer offer some type of health insurance coverage for your spouse after the age of 65?” In Waves 2A and 3A, no question about retiree coverage or coverage before age 65 is asked.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V6614 V6615 V6616 V6618 V6622 V6624 V6626

R3:R1EMPLR HLTH INS PLAN R3A:R1EMP:#PLANS HAVE R4:R1EMP:#1:HOW OBTAINED R7:R1#1:AVAIL FOR RTIREE R11:R1#1:RET:CAN SP COV R4:R1EMP:#2:HOW OBTAINED R7:R1#2:AVAIL FOR RTIREE

Section G: Health Insurance

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

V6630 V6808 V6809 V6810 V6811 V6813 V6814 V6815 V6816 V6818 V6822 V6824 V6826 V6830 1994: W6705 W6707 W6708 W6709 W6724 W6726 W6734 W6740 W6748 1996: E5158 E5160 E5163_1 E5163_2 E5191_1 E5191_2 E5194_1 E5194_2 1998: F5891 F5893 F5896 F5924 F5927 2000: G6264 G6266 G6269 G6297 G6302 2002: HN033_1 HN033_2 HN033_3 HN034_1 HN034_2 HN034_3 HN059_1 HN059_2 HN059_3 HN060_1 HN060_2 HN060_3 HN062_1 HN062_2 HN062_3 HN063_1 HN063_2

R11:R1#2:RET:CAN SP COV R22:R2COV BY R'S EMP INS R23:CKPT:ONLY 1 PLAN/OTH R24A:PLAN1 COV BOTH R SP R24B:PLAN2 COVERS BOTH R25:R2HAS OTHR EMP INS R26:R2EMPLR HLTH INS PLN R26A:R2EMP:#PLANS HAVE R27:R2EMP:#1:HOW OBTAIND R30:R2#1:AVAIL FR RTIREE R34:R2#1:RET:CAN SP COV R27:R2EMP:#2:HOW OBTAIND R30:R2#2:AVAIL FR RTIREE R34:R2#2:RET:CAN SP COV R2-1.COVERED BY SAME POL R2b-1.STILL COVERED BY W R2-2a.STILL COVERED BY S R2-2b.STILL COVERED BY S R4.CURRENT HEALTH INS FR P1. R5.HOW OBTAINED P1. R8.AVAILABLE FOR RET P2. R5.HOW OBTAINED P2. R8.AVAILABLE FOR RET R12X.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY EMPLR INSURANCE FOR HOSP/DR BILL R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R34.COVERAGE CONTINUE TO 65 R34.COVERAGE CONTINUE TO 65 R35.COVERAGE TO 65 IF LEFT NOW R35.COVERAGE TO 65 IF LEFT NOW R12X.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY INSURANCE FOR HOSP/DR BILLS R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R34.COVERAGE CONTINUE TO 65 R35.COVERAGE TO 65 IF LEFT NOW R12AA.SELF-EMP INSURANCE R13.ANY INSURANCE THRU AN EMPLOYER R15.HOW OBTAIN INSURANCE R34.COVERAGE CONTINUE TO 65 R35.COVERAGE TO 65 IF LEFT NOW OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 3 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 1 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 2 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 3 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 1 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 2

860

Section G: Health Insurance

HN063_3 HRS 2004: JN033_1 JN033_2 JN033_3 JN034_1 JN034_2 JN034_3 JN059_1 JN059_2 JN059_3 JN060_1 JN060_2 JN060_3 JN062_1 JN062_2 JN062_3 JN063_1 JN063_2 JN063_3 HRS 2006: KN033_1 KN033_2 KN033_3 KN034_1 KN034_2 KN034_3 KN059_1 KN059_2 KN059_3 KN060_1 KN060_2 KN060_3 KN062_1 KN062_2 KN062_3 KN063_1 KN063_2 KN063_3 HRS 2008: LN033_1 LN033_2 LN033_3 LN034_1 LN034_2 LN034_3 LN059_1 LN059_2 LN059_3 LN060_1 LN060_2 LN060_3 LN062_1 LN062_2 LN062_3 LN063_1 LN063_2 LN063_3 Tracker: AFINR

EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 3 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 3 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 1 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 2 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 3 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 1 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 2 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 3 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 3 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 1 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 2 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 3 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 1 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 2 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 3 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-1 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-2 OBTAIN HI THRU CURRNT EMP/OWN BUSINESS-3 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 1 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 2 OBTAIN INS THRU FORMER EMPLOYER- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE COVERAGE UP TO 65- 3 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 1 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 2 EMPLOYER RETIREE HI COVERAGE AFTER 65- 3 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 1 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 2 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP UP TO 65- 3 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 1 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 2 EMP RETIREE HI COV FOR SP AFTER 65- 3 1992 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT

861

Section G: Health Insurance

862

Covered by other Health insurance Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HIOTHP R2HIOTHP R3HIOTHP R4HIOTHP R5HIOTHP R6HIOTHP R7HIOTHP R8HIOTHP R9HIOTHP

R1HIOTHP:W1 R2HIOTHP:W2 R3HIOTHP:W3 R4HIOTHP:W4 R5HIOTHP:W5 R6HIOTHP:W6 R7HIOTHP:W7 R8HIOTHP:W8 R9HIOTHP:W9

R R R R R R R R R

has has has has has has has has has

Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other

Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HIOTHP S2HIOTHP S3HIOTHP S4HIOTHP S5HIOTHP S6HIOTHP S7HIOTHP S8HIOTHP S9HIOTHP

S1HIOTHP:W1 S2HIOTHP:W2 S3HIOTHP:W3 S4HIOTHP:W4 S5HIOTHP:W5 S6HIOTHP:W6 S7HIOTHP:W7 S8HIOTHP:W8 S9HIOTHP:W9

S S S S S S S S S

has has has has has has has has has

Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other Other

Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1HIOTHP R2HIOTHP R3HIOTHP R4HIOTHP R5HIOTHP R6HIOTHP R7HIOTHP R8HIOTHP R9HIOTHP

12244 19479 16416 21238 19431 17964 19923 18315 17051

0.131 0.401 0.172 0.206 0.210 0.198 0.179 0.163 0.162

0.337 0.490 0.378 0.405 0.407 0.399 0.384 0.370 0.368

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1HIOTHP S2HIOTHP S3HIOTHP S4HIOTHP S5HIOTHP S6HIOTHP S7HIOTHP S8HIOTHP S9HIOTHP

9864 13018 11066 13942 12692 11549 12895 11672 10572

0.124 0.376 0.167 0.198 0.206 0.175 0.163 0.154 0.157

0.330 0.484 0.373 0.399 0.405 0.380 0.370 0.361 0.364

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1HIOTHP R2HIOTHP R3HIOTHP R4HIOTHP R5HIOTHP R6HIOTHP R7HIOTHP R8HIOTHP R9HIOTHP .C=Cov,DK by whose emplyr | 1172 .D=DK/NA | 25 63 291 59 80 134 152 122 130 .M=Missing answer | 383 78 79 69 50 19 21 15 17 .R=RF | 22 33 18 18 50 33 17 19 0=No | 10643 11668 13587 16855 15359 14406 16350 15323 14291 1=Yes | 1601 7811 2829 4383 4072 3558 3573 2992 2760

Section G: Health Insurance

863

Value-------------------------|S1HIOTHP S2HIOTHP S3HIOTHP S4HIOTHP S5HIOTHP S6HIOTHP S7HIOTHP S8HIOTHP S9HIOTHP .C=Cov,DK by whose emplyr | 674 .D=DK/NA | 16 33 149 30 32 51 53 51 58 .M=Missing answer | 399 23 23 16 11 8 3 3 4 .R=RF | 14 14 11 10 33 21 9 12 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 584 407 516 296 220 380 317 365 0=No | 8637 8120 9222 11180 10076 9529 10791 9869 8914 1=Yes | 1227 4898 1844 2762 2616 2020 2104 1803 1658

How Constructed: RwHIOTHP indicates whether the respondent is covered by any health insurance other than government, employer-provided, or long term care insurance. SwHIOTHP provides the information for the respondent's spouse or partner. The question wording and the sample that is asked these questions vary across waves. The relevant questions follow those that inquire about government and employer-provided insurance, and in some waves, are not asked if these types of insurance apply. Because of these differences, the analyst may want to consider this measure in conjunction with other types of insurance coverage. Generally, if R indicates that s/he is currently covered by Basic health, Medigap or any other health insurance programs besides long term care insurance, and the coverage is not clearly provided by the government or an employer or union, then we set RwHIOTHP to yes =(1). If R responds no to questions about these types of insurance coverage then RwHIOTHP is set to no (=0). Otherwise, RwHIOTHP is set to a missing value based on missing values in the HRS variables. Specific codes used to set RwHIOTHP in each wave are listed under "Cross Wave Differences". In Wave 3H, and Wave 4, there are two, and in Wave 5 there are three relevant questions. One of them is skipped if R has Medicare and employer provided Medigap. The second is skipped if R is covered by any government or employer-provided insurance. In Wave 5 the third question is skipped if R is covered by Medicare, through self-employment, or if R answered the second question. If all these questions are skipped, we set RwHIOTHP to 0. In other waves, the questions are asked of everyone. In Wave 2A, 3A and from Wave 6 forward, the other health insurance questions are asked in combination with, or as part of a series of questions including employer-provided insurance questions. Note that coverage by RwHIOTHP decreases somewhat from Wave 6 forward. This may be because the question structure is considerably different from that in previous waves. SwHIOTHP for Wave 1 is taken from the Financial Respondent's (FinR's) information appropriately. That is, if R is the FinR, then S1HIOTHP is the FinR spouse's information. But if R is the spouse of FinR, then S1HIOTHP is FinR's information. From Wave 2 on, this information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwHIOTHP variable, if available. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5, if R reports that the spouse is covered by his/her other insurance, this information is applied if R is married or partnered and the spouse's self-report is missing. If R is not married, SwHIOTHP is set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwHIOTHP is set to .V=Spouse is non-response.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, the health insurance questions are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's insurance coverage and, if married, FinR's spouse's insurance coverage. From Wave 2 on, health insurance questions are asked of individual respondents about their own coverage only. In Wave 1 an initial question asks "Do you have any type of health insurance coverage, Medigap or other supplemental coverage, or long-term care insurance that is purchased directly from an insurance company or through a membership organization such as AARP (the American Association of Retired Persons)?". If the answer is yes, then a second question asks: "What kind of coverage do you have?", and multiple answers may be given. There are five categories of insurance coded: 1)

Section G: Health Insurance

864

BASIC HEALTH ("Hospitalization"), 2) MEDIGAP, 3) OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL HEALTH (AARP--NFS), 4) LONGTERM CARE (incl. nursing home care) and 5) OTHER (SPECIFY). Each category is coded as a separate yes/no variable. If R reports any kind of coverage besides long-term care, then RwHIOTHP is set to yes. In Wave 2A, the questions are similar to those in Wave 1. A first question asks: "Do you have any (other) type of health insurance coverage?". If the answer is yes, then a second question asks: "What kind of coverage do you have?". There are 5 different answers: 1) BASIC HEALTH ("Hospitalization"), 2) MEDIGAP, 3) OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL HEALTH, 4) LONG-TERM CARE and 5) OTHER (SPECIFY). Up to four responses are reported. If R reports any kind of coverage except long-term care, then RwHIOTHP is set to yes. In Wave 2H, separate questions ask about basic health and supplementary health insurance that are privately purchased: a) "Do you have any basic health insurance coverage, purchased directly from an insurance company or through a membership organization such as AARP (American Association of Retired Persons)?" b) "Do you have any type of supplementary health insurance coverage, such as Medigap or long-term care insurance that is purchased directly from an insurance company or through a membership organization such as AARP (American Association of Retired Persons)?" If the answer to the second question is yes, then R is asked: "What kind of coverage do you have?". There are many categories coded, including Medigap, other supplemental health, long-term care, heart/cardiac policy, cancer (including a combination of cancer and intensive care), dental insurance, Major Medical, "intensive care" or "catastrophic illness", "accident", hospitalization, disability, a policy that pays so much per day/per length of time, and other. Up to four responses are reported. If R reports any kind of coverage except long-term care, then RwHIOTHP is set to yes. In Wave 3A, questions ask if R has any health insurance other than government or long term care and then ask for the source of the other insurance. The first question asks: "Not counting long-term care insurance or Medicare, (or Medicaid/or any other insurance we've discussed), do you have any other insurance that pays any part of hospital or doctor bills? Sometimes this is called a Medigap or Medicare Supplement policy.)". If the answer is yes, then the number of plans is asked. The source of the first or only plan is then collected: "[Thinking about the first of these plans] How did you obtain this type of health insurance coverage? Was it through your (or your husband's/or your wife's/or your partner's) employer or union, or through an organization or what?". Multiple answers are allowed and up to three responses are reported. If there is more than one plan, a second follow-up question asks: "Thinking about your other health insurance plans, how did you obtain this type of health insurance coverage? Was it through your (or your husband's/or your wife's/or your partner's) employer or union, or through an organization or what?". Up to three responses are reported. If R reports the coverage is from "OTHER ORGANIZATION", "Self; not through any organization" or "OTHER", then RwHIOTHP is set to yes. In Wave 3H, Wave 4 and Wave 5, the questions are worded consistently. If R is covered by Medicare and does not report having an employer-provided Medigap plan, a first question asks: "Not counting long-term care insurance or Medicare, (or Medicaid/or any other insurance we've discussed), do you have any other insurance that pays any part of hospital or doctor bills? Sometimes this is called a Medigap or Medicare Supplement policy." If R is not covered by any government or employer-provided insurance, a second question asks: "Do you have any basic health insurance coverage purchased directly from an insurance company or through a membership organization?". A subsequent question asked who else is covered. If R indicates that the spouse is covered, we apply the information on SwHIOTHP if married. In Wave 5, there is an additional question if the prior question was not covered by Medicare or through self-employment: " Not counting long-term health insurance you already told me about, do you have any other health you purchased directly from an insurance company or through a membership

answered and R is not care policies or the insurance coverage that organization?"

Section G: Health Insurance

865

Beginning in Wave 6, after asking about government insurance, a question first asks if R has any other health coverage besides long term care insurance. This is followed by a series of questions of about the source of the private health insurance. The initial question is: "Now, we'd like to ask about all the other types of health insurance plans you might have, such as insurance through an employer or a business, coverage for retirees, or health insurance you buy for yourself, including any (Medigap or) other supplemental coverage. Do not include long-term care insurance. Other than your Medicare HMO you've just told me about, or anything that you have just told me about, how many other such plans do you have?". A series of follow-up questions ask separately about the source of the insurance until the source is identified. If R is currently working, the first question asks: "Do you obtain this health insurance through your (own business or professional organization/current employer)?" If R is not working, s/he is asked: "Do you obtain this health insurance through a former employer of yours?". If R is married or partnered, the next questions ask if insurance is obtained "through your (husband/wife/partner)'s current employer?" or "through your (husband/wife/partner)'s former employer?". If the source still has not been identified, a final question asks: "Did you purchase this plan directly from an insurance company, through your (or your (husband/wife/partner]'s/or your) union, through a group such as AARP, a church, or other organization, or what?" If R indicates that his coverage is from an insurance company, group or other, we set RwHIOTHP to yes. In Wave 1, Wave 2H and Wave 3H forward, the other health insurance questions asks if R purchased it by himself. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, the other health insurance questions are combined with employer provided insurance questions. In Wave 3H, Wave 4 and Wave 5, if R has Medicare and employer provided Medigap or no Medicare and has any government insurance, then the questions are skipped. For all other waves, the questions are asked of everyone.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V6632 V6633 V6634 V6635 V6637 AHEAD 1993: B1859 B1865A1 B1865A2 B1865A3 B1865A4 HRS 1994: W6754 W6757 W6758 W6759 AHEAD 1995: D5214 D5225M1 D5225M2 D5225M3 D5242M1 D5242M2 HRS 1996: E5133 E5206 E5218 E5225M1 E5225M2 E5225M3 E5225M4

R14:R1COV FRM INS CO:IMP R14aA:R1CO/ORG:BASC HLTH R14aB:R1CO/ORG:MEDIGAP R14aC:R1CO/ORG:SUPPLMNTL R14aE:R1CO/ORG:OTHER R6. R7. R7. R7. R7.

R R R R R

OTHER OTHER OTHER OTHER OTHER

HEALTH HEALTH HEALTH HEALTH HEALTH

INSURANCE: INSURANCE: INSURANCE: INSURANCE: INSURANCE:

ANY TYPE-1 TYPE-2 TYPE-3 TYPE-4

R14.INSURANCE FROM COMPA R14b.SUPPLEMENTARY HEALT R14c.KIND OF PRIVATE HEA R14c.KIND OF PRIVATE HEA R9. OTHER HEALTH INSURANCE R10D-1. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R10D-2. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R10D. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R11D-1. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R11D-2. HOW OBTAIN OTHER HMO-1 R1.MEDICARE COVERAGE R46.OTHER INSURANCE R48.ANY OTHER HEALTH INSUR R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED

Section G: Health Insurance

E5225M5 HRS 1998: F5938 F5950 F5957M1 F5957M2 F5957M3 F5957M4 F5957M5 HRS 2000: G6312 G6324 G6325 G6331M1 G6331M2 G6331M3 G6331M4 G6331M5 G6331M6 HRS 2002: HN023 HN037_1 HN037_2 HN037_3 HRS 2004: JN023 JN037_1 JN037_2 JN037_3 HRS 2006: KN023 KN037_1 KN037_2 KN037_3 HRS 2008: LN023 LN037_1 LN037_2 LN037_3 Tracker: AFINR

866

R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R46.OTHER INSURANCE R48.ANY OTHER HEALTH INSUR R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R46.OTHER INSURANCE R48.ANY HEALTH INSUR R48B.ANY OTHER PURCHASED HEALTH INS R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED R54A.WHO ELSE COVERED NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE

PLANS PLAN INSURANCE- 1 PLAN INSURANCE- 2 PLAN INSURANCE- 3

NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE

PLANS PLAN INSURANCE- 1 PLAN INSURANCE- 2 PLAN INSURANCE- 3

NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE

PLANS PLAN INSURANCE- 1 PLAN INSURANCE- 2 PLAN INSURANCE- 3

NUM PRIVATE HEALTH INS WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE WHERE PURCHASE PRIVATE

PLANS PLAN INSURANCE- 1 PLAN INSURANCE- 2 PLAN INSURANCE- 3

1992 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT

Section G: Health Insurance

867

Covered by long-term care insurance Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1HILTC R2HILTC R3HILTC R4HILTC R5HILTC R6HILTC R7HILTC R8HILTC R9HILTC

R1HILTC:W1 R2HILTC:W2 R3HILTC:W3 R4HILTC:W4 R5HILTC:W5 R6HILTC:W6 R7HILTC:W7 R8HILTC:W8 R9HILTC:W9

R R R R R R R R R

has has has has has has has has has

Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long

Term Term Term Term Term Term Term Term Term

Care Care Care Care Care Care Care Care Care

Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1HILTC S2HILTC S3HILTC S4HILTC S5HILTC S6HILTC S7HILTC S8HILTC S9HILTC

S1HILTC:W1 S2HILTC:W2 S3HILTC:W3 S4HILTC:W4 S5HILTC:W5 S6HILTC:W6 S7HILTC:W7 S8HILTC:W8 S9HILTC:W9

S S S S S S S S S

has has has has has has has has has

Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long

Term Term Term Term Term Term Term Term Term

Care Care Care Care Care Care Care Care Care

Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R2TYLTC R3TYLTC R4TYLTC R5TYLTC R6TYLTC R7TYLTC R8TYLTC R9TYLTC

R2TYLTC:W2 R3TYLTC:W3 R4TYLTC:W4 R5TYLTC:W5 R6TYLTC:W6 R7TYLTC:W7 R8TYLTC:W8 R9TYLTC:W9

R R R R R R R R

Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type

of of of of of of of of

Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long

Term Term Term Term Term Term Term Term

Care Care Care Care Care Care Care Care

Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2TYLTC S3TYLTC S4TYLTC S5TYLTC S6TYLTC S7TYLTC S8TYLTC S9TYLTC

S2TYLTC:W2 S3TYLTC:W3 S4TYLTC:W4 S5TYLTC:W5 S6TYLTC:W6 S7TYLTC:W7 S8TYLTC:W8 S9TYLTC:W9

S S S S S S S S

Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type

of of of of of of of of

Long Long Long Long Long Long Long Long

Term Term Term Term Term Term Term Term

Care Care Care Care Care Care Care Care

Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins Ins

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable R1HILTC R2HILTC R3HILTC R4HILTC R5HILTC R6HILTC R7HILTC R8HILTC R9HILTC

N 12246 19108 17534 20696 19164 17882 19834 18193 16917

Mean 0.010 0.066 0.101 0.093 0.094 0.110 0.112 0.118 0.123

Std Dev 0.098 0.249 0.301 0.291 0.292 0.313 0.316 0.323 0.328

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Section G: Health Insurance

868

S1HILTC S2HILTC S3HILTC S4HILTC S5HILTC S6HILTC S7HILTC S8HILTC S9HILTC

9866 12849 11637 13566 12482 11471 12793 11576 10489

0.009 0.061 0.110 0.100 0.107 0.122 0.126 0.131 0.139

0.095 0.240 0.312 0.300 0.309 0.328 0.332 0.338 0.346

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

R2TYLTC R3TYLTC R4TYLTC R5TYLTC R6TYLTC R7TYLTC R8TYLTC R9TYLTC

1069 1620 1767 1682 1844 2101 2011 1947

2.228 2.642 2.542 2.635 2.714 2.757 2.724 2.763

0.917 1.152 0.890 0.792 0.828 0.787 0.697 0.705

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000

S2TYLTC S3TYLTC S4TYLTC S5TYLTC S6TYLTC S7TYLTC S8TYLTC S9TYLTC

633 1168 1250 1244 1324 1527 1417 1369

2.281 2.697 2.575 2.657 2.740 2.777 2.744 2.798

0.900 1.154 0.886 0.768 0.811 0.758 0.670 0.684

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

3.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000 7.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| R1HILTC .D=DK/NA | 23 .M=Oth missing | 383 .R=RF | 0.no | 12128 1.yes | 118

R2HILTC 431 78 25 17840 1268

R3HILTC 353 88 16 15762 1772

R4HILTC 594 72 22 18765 1931

R5HILTC 351 49 15 17356 1808

R6HILTC 249 15 21 15920 1962

R7HILTC 261 20 14 17606 2228

R8HILTC 246 16 14 16039 2154

R9HILTC 270 17 13 14839 2078

Value-------------------------| S1HILTC .D=DK/NA | 14 .M=Oth missing | 399 .R=RF | .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 0.no | 9776 1.yes | 90

S2HILTC 202 23 14 5970 584 12063 786

S3HILTC 243 31 4 5658 418 10362 1275

S4HILTC 384 16 12 6869 537 12210 1356

S5HILTC 231 10 7 6538 311 11149 1333

S6HILTC 150 5 15 6306 220 10067 1404

S7HILTC 166 4 9 6777 380 11183 1610

S8HILTC 149 3 7 6417 317 10055 1521

S9HILTC 146 4 7 6206 365 9034 1455

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Missing | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | .S=Skip, no LTC | 1=NURSING HOME CARE ONLY | 2=IN-HOME CARE ONLY | 3=BOTH | 7=OTHER |

R2TYLTC 396

R3TYLTC 148 4

R4TYLTC 163

R5TYLTC 126

R6TYLTC 118

R7TYLTC 127

R8TYLTC 143

R9TYLTC 130

1 19453 340 185 1228 14

17771 252 142 1280 8

16205 253 98 1474 19

17901 248 98 1734 21

16315 247 78 1682 4

1 15139 208 85 1644 10

Value-------------------------| .D=DK/NA | .M=Missing | .Q=Not asked this wave | .R=RF | .S=Skip, no LTC | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1=NURSING HOME CARE ONLY |

S2TYLTC 185

S4TYLTC 105

S5TYLTC 89

S6TYLTC 80

S7TYLTC 83

S8TYLTC 104

S9TYLTC 85

1 12622 6869 537 227

11397 6538 311 176

10237 6306 220 168

11362 6777 380 166

10214 6417 317 163

1 9191 6206 365 130

11420 3 6754 355 115 599

16219 318 172 1073 57 S3TYLTC 103 4

9123 3531 5970 200 192

10640 5658 418 204

Section G: Health Insurance

2=IN-HOME CARE ONLY 3=BOTH 7=OTHER

869

| | |

71 370

126 793 45

121 891 11

95 968 5

64 1078 14

65 1282 14

45 1207 2

48 1183 8

How Constructed: RwHILTC indicates whether the respondent is covered by long-term care insurance. RwTYLTC indicates whether the long-term care covers nursing home care only, in-home care only or both. SwHILTC and SwTYLTC provide the information for the respondent's spouse or partner. Though the identified insurance, Otherwise,

question structure varies across waves, long-term care insurance coverage can be in all of them. If R indicates that s/he is currently covered by long-term care then RwHILTC is set to yes (=1). If R responds no then RwHILTC is set to no (=0). RwHILTC is set to a missing value based on missing values in the HRS variables.

In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, there is a follow-up question(s) when R indicates having longterm care coverage. This question asks whether long-term care covers nursing home care facility only, long-term care at home, or both. RwTYLTC indicates the type of long-term care coverage based on this question. If R does not have long-term coverage, then RwTYLTC is set to skip(.S). In Wave 1, R1TYLTC and S1TYLTC are not available because the question is not asked. In Wave 1, S1HILTC is taken from the Financial Respondent's (FinR's) information appropriately. That is, if R is the FinR, then S1HILTC is the FinR spouse's information. But if R is the spouse of FinR, then S1HILTC is FinR's information. From Wave 2 on, SwHILTC and SwTYLTC are taken from the spouse's self-reported RwHILTC and RwTYLTC variables, if available. If R is not married, SwHILTC and SwTYLTC are set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwHILTC and SwTYLTC are set to .V=Spouse is non-response.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 1, the health insurance questions are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR), about FinR's insurance coverage and, if married, FinR's spouse's insurance coverage. From Wave 2 on, health insurance questions are asked of individual respondents about their own coverage only. In Waves 1, 2H and 2A, there is a leading question asking whether R has any other health insurance. In Waves 1 and 2H, the question is: "Do you have any type of health insurance coverage, Medigap or other supplemental coverage, or long-term care insurance that is purchased directly from an insurance company or through a membership organization such as AARP (the American Association of Retired Persons)?". In Wave 2A, the question is: "Do you have any (other) type of health insurance coverage?". A follow-up question asks the type of insurance. In Wave 1, any of five possible answers may be given: 1) BASIC HEALTH ("Hospitalization"), 2) MEDIGAP, 3) OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL HEALTH (AARP--NFS), 4) LONG-TERM CARE (incl. nursing home care) or 5) OTHER (SPECIFY). In Wave 2A, the question asks: "What kind of coverage do you have? Is it basic health insurance, a supplement to Medicare (MEDIGAP) or other health insurance, long-term care insurance, or what?". There are 5 different answers: 1) Basic Health, 2) Medigap, 3) Other Supplemental plan, 4) Longterm Care and 5) Other Specify. Up to 4 responses are reported. In Wave 2H, the question asks: "What kind of coverage do you have? Medigap or other supplemental health insurance, long-term care insurance, or what?)". The possible responses are: 1) Medigap, 2) Other Supplemental health, 3) Long-term Care(incl. Nursing home care), 4) Heart /cardiac policy, 5) Cancer, 6) dental insurance, 7) Major medical, 8) Hospitalization, 9) Disability, 10) Policy that pays so much per day and 11) Other specific type of insurance. In Waves 1 and 2H, there is no question about type of long-term care coverage. In Wave 2A, the type of long-term care coverage is asked in two questions. The first question asks: "Do any of your policies include long term or nursing home care?" The second question asks: "Does this plan cover home care?".

Section G: Health Insurance

870

In Wave 3 and forward, the long-term care question is asked separately: "Not including government programs, do you now have any insurance which specifically pays any part of long-term care, such as, personal or medical care in the home or in a nursing home?" The type of long-term care question is: "Does this plan cover care in a nursing home facility only, personal or long-term care at home, or both in-home and nursing home care?".

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V6632 V6636 AHEAD 1993: B1859 B1865A1 B1865A2 B1865A3 B1865A4 B1879 B1881 HRS 1994: W6757 W6758 W6759 AHEAD 1995: D5263 D5264 HRS 1996: E5266 E5267 HRS 1998: F5999 F6000 HRS 2000: G6393 G6394 HRS 2002: HN071 HN075 HRS 2004: JN071 JN075 HRS 2006: KN071 KN075 HRS 2008: LN071 LN075 Tracker: AFINR

R14:R1COV FRM INS CO:IMP R14aD:R1CO/ORG:LN-TRM CR R6. R OTHER HEALTH INSURANCE: ANY R7. R OTHER HEALTH INSURANCE: TYPE-1 R7. R OTHER HEALTH INSURANCE: TYPE-2 R7. R OTHER HEALTH INSURANCE: TYPE-3 R7. R OTHER HEALTH INSURANCE: TYPE-4 R10. R LONG-TERM CARE INS: ANY R10b. R L-T CARE INS: COVER HOME CARE R14b.SUPPLEMENTARY HEALT R14c.KIND OF PRIVATE HEA R14c.KIND OF PRIVATE HEA R15.R LONG-TERM CARE R15A. L-T-C COVER R85.LTC INSURANCE R87.COVER NURSING HOME/IN-HOME CARE R85.LTC INSURANCE R87.COVER NURSING HOME/IN-HOME CARE R85.LTC INSURANCE R87.COVER NURSING HOME/IN-HOME CARE LTC INSURANCE COVER NURSING HOME/IN-HOME CARE LTC INSURANCE COVER NURSING HOME/IN-HOME CARE LTC INSURANCE COVER NURSING HOME/IN-HOME CARE LTC INSURANCE COVER NURSING HOME/IN-HOME CARE 1992 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT

Section G: Health Insurance

871

Covered by life insurance Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LIFEIN R2LIFEIN R3LIFEIN R4LIFEIN R5LIFEIN R6LIFEIN R7LIFEIN R8LIFEIN R9LIFEIN

R1LIFEIN:W1 R2LIFEIN:W2 R3LIFEIN:W3 R4LIFEIN:W4 R5LIFEIN:W5 R6LIFEIN:W6 R7LIFEIN:W7 R8LIFEIN:W8 R9LIFEIN:W9

R R R R R R R R R

has has has has has has has has has

Life Life Life Life Life Life Life Life Life

Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LIFEIN S2LIFEIN S3LIFEIN S4LIFEIN S5LIFEIN S6LIFEIN S7LIFEIN S8LIFEIN S9LIFEIN

S1LIFEIN:W1 S2LIFEIN:W2 S3LIFEIN:W3 S4LIFEIN:W4 S5LIFEIN:W5 S6LIFEIN:W6 S7LIFEIN:W7 S8LIFEIN:W8 S9LIFEIN:W9

S S S S S S S S S

has has has has has has has has has

Life Life Life Life Life Life Life Life Life

Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance Insurance

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1LIFEIN R2LIFEIN R3LIFEIN R4LIFEIN R5LIFEIN R6LIFEIN R7LIFEIN R8LIFEIN R9LIFEIN

12469 19375 17802 21151 19345 17917 19887 18240 16975

0.701 0.669 0.681 0.693 0.668 0.661 0.658 0.644 0.627

0.458 0.471 0.466 0.461 0.471 0.473 0.474 0.479 0.484

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

S1LIFEIN S2LIFEIN S3LIFEIN S4LIFEIN S5LIFEIN S6LIFEIN S7LIFEIN S8LIFEIN S9LIFEIN

10092 13126 11840 13890 12624 11527 12848 11622 10538

0.719 0.715 0.729 0.740 0.715 0.708 0.705 0.685 0.671

0.450 0.451 0.444 0.439 0.452 0.455 0.456 0.464 0.470

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1LIFEIN R2LIFEIN R3LIFEIN R4LIFEIN R5LIFEIN R6LIFEIN R7LIFEIN R8LIFEIN R9LIFEIN .D=DK/NA | 88 74 63 103 114 140 123 125 139 .M=Oth missing | 95 125 86 72 49 18 36 22 23 .R=RF | 68 40 58 71 92 83 82 80 0.no | 3728 6418 5682 6496 6419 6067 6793 6490 6340 1.yes | 8741 12957 12120 14655 12926 11850 13094 11750 10635 Value-------------------------|S1LIFEIN S2LIFEIN S3LIFEIN S4LIFEIN S5LIFEIN S6LIFEIN S7LIFEIN S8LIFEIN S9LIFEIN

Section G: Health Insurance

.D=DK/NA .M=Oth missing .R=RF .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.no 1.yes

872

| | | | | | |

92 95 2373 2840 7252

48 79 35 5970 384 3739 9387

30 30 15 5658 418 3204 8636

44 16 28 6869 537 3618 10272

57 10 39 6538 311 3602 9022

62 6 46 6306 220 3363 8164

63 12 49 6777 380 3787 9061

69 5 39 6417 317 3658 7964

64 5 39 6206 365 3463 7075

How Constructed: RwLIFEIN indicates whether the respondent has any life insurance. information for the respondent's spouse or partner.

SwLIFEIN provides this

For all the waves, the question asks if R (and in waves 1 and 2A, the Financial R's spouse) has any life insurance. The wording varies slightly across waves. It is asked at the household level of the Financial Respondent in Waves 1 and 2A, and at the respondent level in Wave 2H and from Wave 3 forward. The variable for this question is simply recoded to 0/1 for No/Yes and for missing values. SwLIFEIN for Wave 1 and Wave 2A is taken from the Financial Respondent's (FinR's) information appropriately. That is, if R is the FinR, then SwLIFEIN is the FinR spouse's information. But if R is the spouse of FinR, then SwLIFEIN is FinR's information. In Wave 2H and from Wave 3 on, this information is taken from the spouse's self-reported RwLIFEIN variable, if available. If R is not married, SwLIFEIN is set to .U=unmarried. If R's spouse did not respond then SwLIFEIN is set to .V=Spouse is non-response.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Waves 1 and 2A, the life insurance questions are asked only of the Financial Respondent (FinR). Questions inquire about FinR's insurance coverage and, if married, FinR's spouse's insurance coverage. In Wave 2H and from Wave 3 on, life insurance questions are asked of individual respondents about their own coverage only. The question wording has varied slightly over time. In 1992, 1994, 2000, and from 2002 forward (Waves 1, 2H, 5, and 6 forward), the question asks: Do you have any life insurance, including individual or group policies? In 1993 (Wave 2A), the question is preceded by: My next questions are about life insurance. (First I will ask about insurance on own life then about insurance on your [spouse]'s life. The question then asks Do you yourself have any life insurance, including individual or group policies from a former employer or union or some other source? In 1992 and 1993, a second question asks the Financial Respondent: Does your [spouse] have any life insurance, including individual or group policies? In 1995 (Wave 3A) the question asks: My next questions are about life insurance. Do you yourself have any life insurance, including individual or group policies from a former employer or union or some other source? In 1996 and 1998 (Waves 3H and 4) the question asks: Do you currently have any life insurance?

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V6701 AHEAD 1993: B1884 HRS 1994: W6764 AHEAD 1995: D5279 HRS 1996: E5284 HRS 1998: F6015 HRS 2000: G6409

R16:R1HAVE LIFE INSURANC R11. R LIFE INSURANCE: ANY R15.LIFE INSURANCE R16.R LIFE INS R94.HAVE ANY LIFE INSURANCE R94.HAVE ANY LIFE INSURANCE R94.HAVE ANY LIFE INSURANCE

Section G: Health Insurance

HRS 2002: HT011 HRS 2004: JT011 HRS 2006: KT011 HRS 2008: LT011 Tracker: AFINR BFINR

R HAVE ANY LIFE INSURANCE R HAVE ANY LIFE INSURANCE R HAVE ANY LIFE INSURANCE R HAVE ANY LIFE INSURANCE 1992 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT 1993 WHETHER FINANCIAL RESPONDENT

873

Section H: Family Structure

874

Section H: Family Structure

Section H: Family Structure

875

Number of people living in the household Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1HHRES H2HHRES H3HHRES H4HHRES H5HHRES H6HHRES H7HHRES H8HHRES H9HHRES

Label

Type

H1HHRES:W1 H2HHRES:W2 H3HHRES:W3 H4HHRES:W4 H5HHRES:W5 H6HHRES:W6 H7HHRES:W7 H8HHRES:W8 H9HHRES:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

people people people people people people people people people

in in in in in in in in in

HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH HH

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable H1HHRES H2HHRES H3HHRES H4HHRES H5HHRES H6HHRES H7HHRES H8HHRES H9HHRES

N 12652 19638 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

Mean 2.744 2.307 2.289 2.276 2.216 2.135 2.235 2.192 2.127

Std Dev 1.334 1.193 1.266 1.233 1.197 1.079 1.173 1.140 1.120

Minimum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Maximum 14.000 14.000 16.000 19.000 18.000 15.000 15.000 14.000 14.000

How Constructed: HwHHRES counts the number of residents in the household, including the respondent and spouse. Number of residents in the household for waves 1 and 2H are derived by counting the number of people reported in the household roster. All household residents, including the respondent and spouse, appear as observations in the HHLIST files for these waves. They are counted in preprocessing that collapses the household roster to respondent-level observations. In Wave 2A, household residents are identified by the HHMEMADD flag in the other-persons file and counted by household. If a household resident is married, the spouse is considered resident as well. If the household is missing from the other-persons file, the number in the household, other than the respondent and spouse, is taken from a direct question. The number of residents from Wave 3 forward can be ascertained by checking the status for each person listed on the household roster. The household roster includes household residents and nonresident children. The status variable indicates whether a person is resident or not. In Waves 3 to 5, the status variable for spouses of people on the household roster is checked for residency as well. The status code 1 indicates residency. The temporarily away status is NOT considered resident for this variable. From Wave 6 forward, resident spouses of household members are listed as individuals on the household roster. From Wave 3 forward, the household roster is found in the PR_MC module. Anyone with a status indicating residence is counted for the household. In Waves 2A and from Wave 3 forward, if the HRS household is a single person, one is added to the count; if it is a couple, two is added to the count, so that the count includes the HRS respondents as residents as well.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Information about household members is provided at the household level and is given by the coversheet respondent at each wave.

Section H: Family Structure

876

In Waves 1 and 2H, the raw HRS data provide household resident data in a separate module with one observation per household resident. Preprocessing of Wave 1 and 2H data collapses the household resident-level observations to the household level then assigns them to each respondent. In Wave 2A, the AHEAD data provide information about household residents and children in a separate other-persons file. In addition, in Wave 2A a direct question asks about the number of household residents; this question is answered by the first respondent in the household, called the Coverscreen Respondent in later waves. From Wave 3 forward the resident and non-resident children and other household residents are found in the PR_MC module. A status variable indicates whether the individual, including a child, is a household resident or not. Household resident information is provided by the Coverscreen Respondent and information about children is updated by the Family Respondent. In Waves 1 and 2H, the respondent and spouse are included in the household roster, along with other household members and their spouses. In Wave 2A and from Wave 3 forward, the respondent and spouse are not included in the household roster. Also, couples among other household members appear on one observation in Waves 2A, 3, 4, and 5. In Wave 2A, marital status of residents indicates whether a spouse also resides in the household. From Wave 3 to Wave 5, a spouse status variable indicates whether the spouse is resident. From Wave 6 forward, household members' spouses are included as individuals on the household roster as they were in 1992 and 1994. In Wave 2A the direct question about the number of household residents that is asked of the Coverscreen Respondent is: Other than you [and your (husband/wife/partner)], How many people are living with you?

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: VNHLST AHEAD 1993: B407 HHMEMADD MARSTATP BSUBHH HHID HRS 1994: W8307 CSUBHH HHID AHEAD 1995: D13 D6 DHHID HRS 1996: E13 E6 EHHID HRS 1998: F14 F7 FHHID HRS 2000: G14 G7 GHHID HRS 2002: HX056_MC HHHID HRS 2004: JX056_MC

HRS W1: # on HHLIST D3. # OTHERS IN HH (BESIDES R AND SP) HOUSEHOLD MEMBER ADDED BY STAFF MARITAL STATUS CHILD/OTHR HHM 1993 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER Moved out:Year 1994 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HHMEM SP STATUS HHMEM STATUS W2 1995 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HHMEM S/P STATUS UPDATED HHMEM STATUS 1996 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HHMEM SP STATUS HHMEM STATUS 1998 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HHMEM SP STATUS - UPDATED HHMEM STATUS - UPDATED 2000 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER RESIDENCY STATUS-UPDATED 2003 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER RESIDENCY STATUS-UPDATED

Section H: Family Structure

JHHID HRS 2006: KX056_MC KHHID HRS 2008: LX056_MC LHHID

2004 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER RESIDENCY STATUS-UPDATED 2006 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER RESIDENCY STATUS-UPDATED 2008 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER

877

Section H: Family Structure

878

Number of children Wave Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

H1CHILD H2CHILD H3CHILD H4CHILD H5CHILD H6CHILD H7CHILD H8CHILD H9CHILD

Label

Type

H1CHILD:W1 H2CHILD:W2 H3CHILD:W3 H4CHILD:W4 H5CHILD:W5 H6CHILD:W6 H7CHILD:W7 H8CHILD:W8 H9CHILD:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

living living living living living living living living living

children children children children children children children children children

R/P R/P R/P R/P R/P R/P R/P R/P R/P

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable H1CHILD H2CHILD H3CHILD H4CHILD H5CHILD H6CHILD H7CHILD H8CHILD H9CHILD

N 12652 19637 17882 21158 19344 17900 19742 18086 16814

Mean 3.329 3.089 3.193 3.204 3.263 3.302 3.196 3.218 3.248

Std Dev 2.163 2.226 2.197 2.204 2.222 2.248 2.169 2.138 2.159

Minimum 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Maximum 19.000 22.000 20.000 20.000 20.000 21.000 22.000 19.000 19.000

How Constructed: HwCHILD provides the number of living children of the respondent and spouse or partner. Number of living children is summed, including any who is a child or step-child of the respondent or spouse. Counts of individual children are assigned to the HwCHILD variables. All of the respondent's and spouse's living children are counted for one total. In waves 1 and 2H living children are counted from among children in the KIDS file. In Wave 2A, living children are counted from among the children in the Other-Persons file based on relationships to the male and female members of the AHEAD couple. If a household is missing any children using this method, a direct question to the Family Respondent is used. From Wave 3 forward, living children are counted from child status variables in the household roster. The status is checked to ensure the child is alive and in contact. The relationships to both respondents are checked for child or step-child. Living children (in contact) of either respondent are counted. If the status of any child is unknown, HwCHILD is set to .M. If there are no children listed in PR_MC for the household and the maximum number of children derived in prior waves is zero, then HwCHILD is set to zero. From Wave 3 forward, there are also household level variables that indicate the number of living, resident, and non-resident children. These may or may not agree with the count of children in the PR_MC module. These are checked for reasonability with each other and with the number of children ever born and living at the interview. They are also checked for reasonability with HwCHILD derived for other waves, accounting for changes in household composition. If reasonable these are used to fill HwCHILD when it is missing after the PR_MC counts.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data

Section H: Family Structure

879

In Waves 1 and 2H, the raw HRS data provide children data in a separate module with separate observations for each child, including in-laws. Preprocessing of Wave 1 and 2H data collapses the child-level observations to each respondent. In Wave 2A, the AHEAD data provide information about household residents and children in a separate other-persons file. In addition, in Wave 2A direct questions about the number of children are asked of the Family Respondent. The question is: How many (other) living children or step-children do you [or your husband/wife/partner)] have? From Wave 3 forward the child data needed to derive these variables can be found in the PR_MC module, for the appropriate wave. The PR_MC module includes an observation for each child, regardless of whether the child is resident or non-resident, and all other household residents. A status variable indicates whether an individual is resident or not, and whether a child is alive and in contact. There are relationship codes for both the Family and non-Family respondent, from which children can be identified. Beginning in Wave 6, spouses of children appear as separate observations in the PR_MC module and the relationship codes change and become more detailed. In all these waves there are also household level variables that indicates number of living children. These may or may not agree with the count of children in the PR_MC module. There have been a number of data alerts for the child data for HRS 1992 and 1994. the HRS web site as of this writing have been applied to these data.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V1201 V1202 V1203 V902 V903 V905 VNKIDS AHEAD 1993: B435 RELATE_F RELATE_M BSUBHH HHID HRS 1994: W8003 W8004 WNKIDS CSUBHH HHID AHEAD 1995: D10 D11 D506 D508 D513 D6 D668 D669 DHHID HRS 1996: E10 E11 E506 E508 E513 E6 E668

E18A:OTHER CHILDREN :IMP E19:CHILDREN NOT AT :IMP E20-E32:#CHLDRN NOT :IMP E2:KIDS LIVE W/ YOU? E2A:KIDS AWAY AT SCHOOL E3-E7:SUMMRY:#CHILD HOME HRS W1: # kids D20. # NON-RESIDENT CHILDREN RELATIONSHIP TO FEMALE R RELATIONSHIP TO MALE R 1993 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER Relationship to R Child problem code HRS W2: # W2 kids 1994 SUB-HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HHMEM REL TO IDFM HHMEM REL TO IDNFM CS # RES CHILD|505U(1/20)= CS # NR KIDS|507U(1/20)= CS # CHILDREN|512U(1/20)= HHMEM STATUS W2 A9.# CHILDREN EVER A9A.FERTILITY LIVING 1995 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER HHMEM REL TO FAMILY R HHMEN REL TO NONFAM R CS # RESIDENT CHILDREN CS # NON-RESIDENT CHILDREN CS # CHILDREN TOTAL UPDATED HHMEM STATUS A9.# CHILDREN EVER

Those posted on

Section H: Family Structure

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

E669 EHHID 1998: F1006 F1007 F11 F12 F7 F809 F811 FHHID 2000: G1093 G1094 G11 G12 G7 G886 G888 G893 GHHID 2002: HA099 HA100 HA101 HB033 HB034 HX056_MC HX061_MC HX063_MC HHHID 2004: JA099 JA100 JA101 JB033 JB034 JX056_MC JX061_MC JX063_MC JHHID 2006: KA099 KA100 KA101 KB033 KB034 KX056_MC KX061_MC KX063_MC KHHID 2008: LA099 LA100 LA101 LB033 LB034 LX056_MC LX061_MC LX063_MC LHHID

A9A.NUMBER OF LIVING CHILDREN 1996 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER A9.# CHILDREN EVER A9A.FERTILITY LIVING HHMEM REL TO IDFM - UPDATED HHMEM REL TO IDNFM - UPDATED HHMEM STATUS CS # RES CHILD CS # NR KIDS 1998 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER A9.# CHILDREN EVER A9A.FERTILITY LIVING HHMEM REL TO IDFM - UPDATED HHMEM REL TO IDNFM - UPDATED HHMEM STATUS - UPDATED CS49Y10.CS # RES CHILD CS49Y12.CS # NR KIDS CS49Y16.CS # CHILDREN 2000 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER NUMBER OF RESIDENT CHILDREN COUNT OF NONRESIDENT KIDS COUNT OF KIDS - NOT THEIR SPOUSES NUMBER CHILDREN EVER NUMBER LIVING CHILDREN RESIDENCY STATUS-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP TO R-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP HHM TO SP - UPDATED 2003 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER NUMBER OF RESIDENT CHILDREN COUNT OF NONRESIDENT KIDS COUNT OF KIDS - NOT THEIR SPOUSES NUMBER CHILDREN EVER NUMBER LIVING CHILDREN RESIDENCY STATUS-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP TO R-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP HHM TO SP - UPDATED 2004 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER NUMBER OF RESIDENT CHILDREN COUNT OF NONRESIDENT KIDS COUNT OF KIDS - NOT THEIR SPOUSES NUMBER CHILDREN EVER NUMBER LIVING CHILDREN RESIDENCY STATUS-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP TO R-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP HHM TO SP - UPDATED 2006 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER NUMBER OF RESIDENT CHILDREN COUNT OF NONRESIDENT KIDS COUNT OF KIDS - NOT THEIR SPOUSES NUMBER CHILDREN EVER NUMBER LIVING CHILDREN RESIDENCY STATUS-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP TO R-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP HHM TO SP - UPDATED 2008 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER

880

Section H: Family Structure

881

Number of living siblings Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LIVBRO R2LIVBRO R3LIVBRO R4LIVBRO R5LIVBRO R6LIVBRO R7LIVBRO R8LIVBRO R9LIVBRO

R1LIVBRO:W1 R2LIVBRO:W2 R3LIVBRO:W3 R4LIVBRO:W4 R5LIVBRO:W5 R6LIVBRO:W6 R7LIVBRO:W7 R8LIVBRO:W8 R9LIVBRO:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

living living living living living living living living living

brothers brothers brothers brothers brothers brothers brothers brothers brothers

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LIVBRO S2LIVBRO S3LIVBRO S4LIVBRO S5LIVBRO S6LIVBRO S7LIVBRO S8LIVBRO S9LIVBRO

S1LIVBRO:W1 S2LIVBRO:W2 S3LIVBRO:W3 S4LIVBRO:W4 S5LIVBRO:W5 S6LIVBRO:W6 S7LIVBRO:W7 S8LIVBRO:W8 S9LIVBRO:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

living living living living living living living living living

brothers brothers brothers brothers brothers brothers brothers brothers brothers

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LIVSIS R2LIVSIS R3LIVSIS R4LIVSIS R5LIVSIS R6LIVSIS R7LIVSIS R8LIVSIS R9LIVSIS

R1LIVSIS:W1 R2LIVSIS:W2 R3LIVSIS:W3 R4LIVSIS:W4 R5LIVSIS:W5 R6LIVSIS:W6 R7LIVSIS:W7 R8LIVSIS:W8 R9LIVSIS:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

living living living living living living living living living

sisters sisters sisters sisters sisters sisters sisters sisters sisters

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LIVSIS S2LIVSIS S3LIVSIS S4LIVSIS S5LIVSIS S6LIVSIS S7LIVSIS S8LIVSIS S9LIVSIS

S1LIVSIS:W1 S2LIVSIS:W2 S3LIVSIS:W3 S4LIVSIS:W4 S5LIVSIS:W5 S6LIVSIS:W6 S7LIVSIS:W7 S8LIVSIS:W8 S9LIVSIS:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

living living living living living living living living living

sisters sisters sisters sisters sisters sisters sisters sisters sisters

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LIVSIB R2LIVSIB R3LIVSIB R4LIVSIB R5LIVSIB R6LIVSIB R7LIVSIB R8LIVSIB R9LIVSIB

R1LIVSIB:W1 R2LIVSIB:W2 R3LIVSIB:W3 R4LIVSIB:W4 R5LIVSIB:W5 R6LIVSIB:W6 R7LIVSIB:W7 R8LIVSIB:W8 R9LIVSIB:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

living living living living living living living living living

siblings siblings siblings siblings siblings siblings siblings siblings siblings

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

S1LIVSIB

S1LIVSIB:W1 Number of living siblings

Cont

Section H: Family Structure

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIVSIB S3LIVSIB S4LIVSIB S5LIVSIB S6LIVSIB S7LIVSIB S8LIVSIB S9LIVSIB

882

S2LIVSIB:W2 S3LIVSIB:W3 S4LIVSIB:W4 S5LIVSIB:W5 S6LIVSIB:W6 S7LIVSIB:W7 S8LIVSIB:W8 S9LIVSIB:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of

living living living living living living living living

siblings siblings siblings siblings siblings siblings siblings siblings

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1LIVBRO R2LIVBRO R3LIVBRO R4LIVBRO R5LIVBRO R6LIVBRO R7LIVBRO R8LIVBRO R9LIVBRO

11935 19246 17948 21199 19519 18138 20103 18461 17178

1.445 1.209 1.189 1.193 1.203 1.190 1.248 1.221 1.225

1.491 1.387 1.382 1.392 1.388 1.391 1.414 1.412 1.411

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

13.000 12.000 13.000 14.000 12.000 14.000 12.000 14.000 14.000

S1LIVBRO S2LIVBRO S3LIVBRO S4LIVBRO S5LIVBRO S6LIVBRO S7LIVBRO S8LIVBRO S9LIVBRO

9356 13003 12237 14240 12962 11785 13221 11923 10840

1.433 1.274 1.255 1.229 1.266 1.258 1.298 1.282 1.273

1.476 1.395 1.402 1.404 1.401 1.411 1.422 1.418 1.420

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

13.000 12.000 11.000 13.000 12.000 14.000 12.000 14.000 12.000

R1LIVSIS R2LIVSIS R3LIVSIS R4LIVSIS R5LIVSIS R6LIVSIS R7LIVSIS R8LIVSIS R9LIVSIS

11935 19233 17945 21149 19521 18133 20104 18461 17177

1.576 1.423 1.391 1.381 1.387 1.376 1.417 1.399 1.405

1.599 1.507 1.491 1.491 1.484 1.498 1.517 1.510 1.524

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

11.000 11.000 11.000 14.000 14.000 14.000 12.000 15.000 15.000

S1LIVSIS S2LIVSIS S3LIVSIS S4LIVSIS S5LIVSIS S6LIVSIS S7LIVSIS S8LIVSIS S9LIVSIS

9356 13010 12225 14173 12964 11793 13225 11936 10839

1.561 1.462 1.431 1.391 1.420 1.417 1.431 1.426 1.407

1.589 1.512 1.509 1.506 1.496 1.519 1.516 1.512 1.533

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

11.000 11.000 11.000 14.000 11.000 14.000 12.000 14.000 15.000

R1LIVSIB R2LIVSIB R3LIVSIB R4LIVSIB R5LIVSIB R6LIVSIB R7LIVSIB R8LIVSIB R9LIVSIB

11934 19191 17934 21108 19502 18117 20098 18459 17165

3.021 2.630 2.581 2.581 2.591 2.566 2.665 2.620 2.632

2.515 2.369 2.348 2.359 2.350 2.367 2.401 2.388 2.400

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

19.000 17.000 17.000 23.000 20.000 21.000 18.000 20.000 20.000

Section H: Family Structure

S1LIVSIB S2LIVSIB S3LIVSIB S4LIVSIB S5LIVSIB S6LIVSIB S7LIVSIB S8LIVSIB S9LIVSIB

9355 12935 12219 14115 12947 11778 13206 11910 10812

883

2.993 2.733 2.687 2.636 2.687 2.678 2.733 2.713 2.687

2.491 2.370 2.374 2.370 2.355 2.383 2.392 2.375 2.406

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

19.000 17.000 17.000 18.000 20.000 21.000 18.000 19.000 20.000

How Constructed: RwLIVBRO and RwLIVSIS count the number of the respondent’s living brothers and sisters, respectively. RwLIVSIB is the number of the respondent’s living siblings, or the sum of RwLIVBRO and RwLIVSIS. SwLIVBRO, SwLIVSIS, and SwLIVSIB are the number of the spouse’s brothers, sisters, and siblings, respectively. In Waves 1, 2H, and from 3H forward, the number of living sisters and brothers are counted by checking status and relationship codes at each wave. In Waves 2A and 3A, these counts are taken from direct questions. One's own siblings are counted and assigned to RwLIVSIS and RwLIVBRO, and siblings-in-law are counted and assigned to SwLIVSIS and SwLIVBRO. RwLIVSIB is the sum of RwLIVSIS and RwLIVBRO, and SwLIVSIB is the sum of SwLIVSIS and SwLIVBRO. In Wave 1 there is also a question about total number of siblings that is used to fill RwLIVSIB and SwLIVSIB directly. If these are missing the counts are used when available. In Waves 1, 2H, 3H, 4 and 5, these data are provided by the Family Respondent. The relationship codes or variables are appropriately swapped before counting if the respondent is not the Family Respondent. From Wave 6 forward information on individual siblings is collected from individual respondents. In Waves 2A and 3A, individual respondents are asked how many living sisters and brothers they have. In Wave 3A, respondents are also asked how many of these sisters or brothers are stepsiblings, and these are subtracted from the total number of living siblings to be compatible with other waves where step-siblings are specifically omitted. If both parents are deceased, sibling data are not always collected, unless parents were alive in a prior wave. In Wave 3H and from Wave 4 forward, if both parents are deceased, a question asks for the number of living brothers and sisters. In some cases, both a count from the sibling roster and the direct answer to this question are available, and are not always the same. These derived variables use the answer to the direct question if it is available, and the number counted from the roster if it is not. Before Wave 6 the direct question is asked of the Family Respondent. From wave 6 forward, the direct question is asked of individuals; for these waves the spouse's responses are used to provide the direct question information for siblings-in-law. Because so many values are missing when only one wave is used, the counts are carried forward and back to help fill missing values in other waves. This filling is done for sisters and brothers separately. Counts of zero are carried forward to fill missing values in later waves, where questions may have been skipped based on no report of living siblings at a previous wave. Any nonmissing count (including zero) is carried backward to fill missing values at prior waves. This may undercount living siblings, as there may have been more living at a prior wave, but should at least give an approximation better than no value at all. When carrying back sibling counts for in-laws, checks are done to ensure that the spouse is the same spouse as in the source year. The total number of siblings in RwLIVSIB and SwLIVSIB is calculated from the sister and brother counts after this filling is done. If either RwLIVSIS or RwLIVBRO is missing then RwLIVSIB is missing.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data

Section H: Family Structure

884

Information about siblings is reported in the Family Section for each wave before Wave 6. In couple households, the designated Family Respondent answers most questions about siblings, including in-laws. In Waves 2A, 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, each individual in a couple household is asked about siblings. In Waves 1 and 2H, the raw HRS data provide sibling data in a separate module for each with separate observations for each sibling, including in-laws. Preprocessing of Wave 1 and 2H data collapses the sibling-level observations to each respondent. The process takes into account whether R is the Family Respondent when necessary. In Wave 2H a status code for each sibling is provided that indicates if the sibling has died or should not have been on the list. In Waves 2A and 3A, the AHEAD data provide information about siblings among respondent-level data. In Wave 2A the questions about numbers of living sisters and brothers does not include text specifically omitting step-siblings or relationship codes that distinguish between full-/half- and step-siblings. In Wave 3A, follow-up questions ask if any of living brothers and sisters are stepsiblings. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5 the sibling data needed to derive these variables can be found in the household-level Family Section and in the PR_SB module which has one observation for each siblinghousehold combination. In these waves a direct question about living siblings is asked of the Family Respondent. From Wave 6 forward, sibling information is asked of all individuals. The PR_SB has one observation for each respondent-sibling combination. A direct question asks about living siblings in these waves, which is also asked of all individuals. In Wave 7 the PR_MC module did not include the respondent ID, so these siblings are matched to respondents by sub-household ID (JHHID) and Family Respondent status (JFAMR). On PR_MC modules, relationship codes indicate if the sibling is a sister or brother, own or in-law. There have been a number of data alerts for the sibling data. of this writing have been applied to these data.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V1701 V1702 V2201 V2202 V8101 V8104 AHEAD 1993: B559 B562 BPHHIDPN HRS 1994: SIBCODE W8101 W8103 AHEAD 1995: D1601 D1604 D1605 D1607 D1610 D1611 DPHHIDPN HRS 1996: E159 E159A E1627_1 E1627_2

E68:R LIVNG SIBLINGS:IMP E69-E80:#BROS OR SIS:IMP E111:H/P LIVING SIB :IMP E112-E115:#HUSB/PRTN:IMP SIBS:SIB OF R OR H/P? SIBS:SEX :IMP D58. # SISTERS LIVING D59. # BROTHERS LIVING AHD W1: Spouse HHIDPN Sibling or sibling-in-law flag E76/176. Relationship to R/Sp Sibling problem code D81.# SISTERS D81C.STEPSISTER D81D.STEPSISTERS D82.# BROTHERS D82D.STEPBROTHER D82D.STEPBROTHERS AHD95 Spouse HHIDPN SIB REL TO R SIB OR SIB-IN-LAW D81.# SISTERS D81.# SISTERS-IN-LAW

Those posted on the HRS web site as

Section H: Family Structure

E1631_1 E1631_2 E93 EPHHIDPN EPN_FAM EPN_NFAM EHHID HRS 1998: F137 F141 F1972 F1975 F2134 F2137 F597 FPN_FAM FPN_NFAM FHHID HRS 2000: G137 G141 G2198 G2201 G2385 G2388 G658 GPN_FAM GPN_NFAM GHHID HRS 2002: HF073 HF076 HPHHIDPN HX056_SB HX061_SB HX063_SB HRS 2004: JF073 JF076 JPHHIDPN JX056_SB JX061_SB JX063_SB JFAMR JHHID HRS 2006: KF073 KF076 KPHHIDPN KX056_SB KX061_SB KX063_SB HRS 2008: LF073 LF076 LPHHIDPN LX056_SB LX061_SB LX063_SB Tracker: AFAMR CFAMR EFAMR

D82.# BROTHERS D82.# BROTHERS-IN-LAW UPDATED SIB STATUS HRS W3: Spouse HHIDPN 1996 FAMILY RESP PERSON NUMBER 1996 NON-FAMILY RESP PERSON NUMBER 1996 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER SIB STATUS SIB REL TO FAMILY R - UPDATED D130A.# SISTERS D130D.# BROTHERS D130A-2.# SISTERS-IN-LAW D130D-2.# BROTHERS-IN-LAW SAME SPOUSE AS LAST WAVE 1998 FAMILY RESP PERSON NUMBER 1998 NON-FAMILY RESP PERSON NUMBER 1998 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER SIB STATUS - UPDATED SIB REL TO FAMILY R - UPDATED D130A.# SISTERS D130D.# BROTHERS D130A-2.# SISTERS-IN-LAW D130D-2.# BROTHERS-IN-LAW CS15Y63.SAME SPOUSE AS LAST WAVE 2000 FAMILY RESP PERSON NUMBER 2000 NON-FAMILY RESP PERSON NUMBER 2000 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER NUMBER LIVING SISTERS NUMBER LIVING BROTHERS HRS 02: HHIDPN of spouse/partner RESIDENCY STATUS - SIBLING-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP TO R - SIBLING-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP SIB TO SP - UPDATED NUMBER LIVING SISTERS NUMBER LIVING BROTHERS HRS 04: HHIDPN of spouse/partner RESIDENCY STATUS - SIBLING-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP TO R - SIBLING-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP SIB TO SP - UPDATED 2004 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 2004 HOUSEHOLD IDENTIFIER NUMBER LIVING SISTERS NUMBER LIVING BROTHERS HRS 06: HHIDPN of spouse/partner RESIDENCY STATUS - SIBLING-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP TO R - SIBLING-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP SIB TO SP - UPDATED NUMBER LIVING SISTERS NUMBER LIVING BROTHERS HRS 06: HHIDPN of spouse/partner RESIDENCY STATUS - SIBLING-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP TO R - SIBLING-UPDATED RELATIONSHIP SIB TO SP - UPDATED 1992 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 1994 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT 1996 WHETHER FAMILY RESPONDENT

885

Section H: Family Structure

FFAMR GFAMR HFAMR JFAMR KFAMR LFAMR

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER

886

FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY

RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT

Section H: Family Structure

887

Number of living parents Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LIVPAR R2LIVPAR R3LIVPAR R4LIVPAR R5LIVPAR R6LIVPAR R7LIVPAR R8LIVPAR R9LIVPAR

R1LIVPAR:W1 R2LIVPAR:W2 R3LIVPAR:W3 R4LIVPAR:W4 R5LIVPAR:W5 R6LIVPAR:W6 R7LIVPAR:W7 R8LIVPAR:W8 R9LIVPAR:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

living living living living living living living living living

parents parents parents parents parents parents parents parents parents

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LIVPAR S2LIVPAR S3LIVPAR S4LIVPAR S5LIVPAR S6LIVPAR S7LIVPAR S8LIVPAR S9LIVPAR

S1LIVPAR:W1 S2LIVPAR:W2 S3LIVPAR:W3 S4LIVPAR:W4 S5LIVPAR:W5 S6LIVPAR:W6 S7LIVPAR:W7 S8LIVPAR:W8 S9LIVPAR:W9

Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

of of of of of of of of of

living living living living living living living living living

parents parents parents parents parents parents parents parents parents

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1LIVPAR R2LIVPAR R3LIVPAR R4LIVPAR R5LIVPAR R6LIVPAR R7LIVPAR R8LIVPAR R9LIVPAR

12296 19400 17649 20904 19057 17688 19646 18027 16803

0.620 0.330 0.288 0.309 0.271 0.235 0.317 0.274 0.242

0.691 0.579 0.543 0.565 0.536 0.503 0.585 0.549 0.518

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

S1LIVPAR S2LIVPAR S3LIVPAR S4LIVPAR S5LIVPAR S6LIVPAR S7LIVPAR S8LIVPAR S9LIVPAR

9979 13189 11771 13804 12242 10919 12264 10979 9902

0.633 0.395 0.345 0.372 0.331 0.285 0.382 0.336 0.297

0.698 0.617 0.582 0.609 0.586 0.550 0.632 0.599 0.567

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

How Constructed: RwLIVPAR and SwLIVPAR provide the numbers of living parents for the respondent and spouse. It is derived by summing the RwMOMLIV and RwDADLIV variables described in "Section A. Demographics, Parent Mortality" of this document. If either RwMOMLIV or RwDADLIV is missing then RwLIVPAR is missing. Mother and father age are also in Section A of this document. In Waves 1, 2, 3H, 4, and 5, the family data on parents are provided from one respondent (Family Respondent). These counts are carried over to the non-Family respondent with the appropriate swapping of relationships.

Section H: Family Structure

888

In Waves 2A, 3A, and wave 6 forward, each respondent is asked whether their mother and father are living. In couple households, the spouse's responses are carried over to the respondent to derive SwMOMLIV and SwDADLIV. RwLIVPAR counts a respondent's own living parents and SwLIVPAR counts a respondent's living parents-in-law.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data Information about parent mortality and age is reported in the Family Section at each interview. Except in Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, the designated Family Respondent answers all questions about parents and parents-in-law in a couple household. In Waves 1 and 2H, the raw HRS data provides parent data in separate modules with observations by parent. In Wave 2H there may be multiple observations per parent. The modules may include information on up to 4 parents per household with the Family Respondent's parents and in-laws. In Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward, the raw data provide parent data in respondent level variables with one observation per respondent. In Waves 3H, 4 and 5 the raw HRS data provide parent data in household level variables with one observation per household holding information on up to four parents. Preprocessing of Wave 1 and 2H data collapses the parent-level observations to each respondent as a set of 4 variables for each measure pertaining to the R's mother, father, mother-in-law, and father-in-law. The process takes into account whether R is the Family Respondent or not. For Waves 2A and 3A, and from Wave 6 forward each respondent provides information about their own mother and father, regardless of who the Family Respondent is. Information about parents-in-law is based on the spouse's responses. In Waves 3H, 4, and 5 the assignment of parent data is adjusted to account for R's Family Respondent status. In Wave 1 the question is: "Is [your, your spouse/partner's] [mother, father] living now?". At subsequent interviews the question is: "Is [your, your spouse/partner's] [mother, father] still living?". This question is skipped if preloaded information indicates that R reported that the parent had died at a previous interview. From Wave 7 forward, the answer is set to "Yes" without asking the question if the parent is a resident in the respondent’s household.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V8203PF V8203PM V8203RF V8203RM AHEAD 1993: B565 B576 BPHHIDPN HRS 1994: W8201PF W8201PM W8201RF W8201RM W950 W951 W954 W955 W958 W959 W960 W961

PARS:ALIVE PARS:ALIVE PARS:ALIVE PARS:ALIVE

NOW? NOW? NOW? NOW?

/Sp-Prtnr Dad /Sp-Prtnr Mom /Own Dad /Own Mom

D60. MOTHER LIVING D62. FATHER LIVING AHD W1: Spouse HHIDPN Parent still living? /P Dad Parent still living? /P Mom Parent still living? /R Dad Parent still living? /R Mom E: R Mother Alive Now E: R Father Alive Now E: S/P Mother Alive Now E: S/P Father Alive Now EE: R Mother Alive Now EE: R Father Alive Now EE: S/P Mother Alive Now EE: S/P Father Alive Now

Section H: Family Structure

AHEAD 1995: D1613 D1621 DPHHIDPN HRS 1996: E1557_1 E1557_2 E1557_2A E1566_1 E1566_2 E1566_2A HRS 1998: F1906 F1916 F2068 F2078 HRS 2000: G2122 G2132 G2309 G2319 HRS 2002: HF001 HF011 HPHHIDPN HRS 2004: JF001 JF011 JPHHIDPN HRS 2006: KF001 KF011 KPHHIDPN HRS 2008: LF001 LF011 LPHHIDPN Tracker: AFAMR CFAMR EFAMR FFAMR GFAMR HFAMR JFAMR KFAMR LFAMR

889

D90.MOTHER LIVING D92.FATHER LIVING AHD95 Spouse HHIDPN D90.MOTHER LIVING D90.MOTHER-IN-LAW D90.MOTHER-IN-LAW D93.FATHER LIVING D93.FATHER-IN-LAW D93.FATHER-IN-LAW

LIVING LIVING-CORRECTED LIVING LIVING-CORRECTED

D90.MOTHER LIVING D93.FATHER LIVING D90-2.MOTHER-IN-LAW LIVING D93-2.FATHER-IN-LAW LIVING D90.MOTHER LIVING D93.FATHER LIVING D90-2.MOTHER-IN-LAW LIVING D93-2.FATHER-IN-LAW LIVING MOTHER ALIVE FATHER ALIVE HRS 02: HHIDPN of spouse/partner MOTHER ALIVE FATHER ALIVE HRS 04: HHIDPN of spouse/partner MOTHER ALIVE FATHER ALIVE HRS 06: HHIDPN of spouse/partner MOTHER ALIVE FATHER ALIVE HRS 06: HHIDPN of spouse/partner 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER

FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY

RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT RESPONDENT

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

890

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

891

Whether retired: Consider self retired Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1SAYRET R2SAYRET R3SAYRET R4SAYRET R5SAYRET R6SAYRET R7SAYRET R8SAYRET R9SAYRET

R1SAYRET:W1 R2SAYRET:W2 R3SAYRET:W3 R4SAYRET:W4 R5SAYRET:W5 R6SAYRET:W6 R7SAYRET:W7 R8SAYRET:W8 R9SAYRET:W9

R R R R R R R R R

considers considers considers considers considers considers considers considers considers

self self self self self self self self self

retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1SAYRET S2SAYRET S3SAYRET S4SAYRET S5SAYRET S6SAYRET S7SAYRET S8SAYRET S9SAYRET

S1SAYRET:W1 S2SAYRET:W2 S3SAYRET:W3 S4SAYRET:W4 S5SAYRET:W5 S6SAYRET:W6 S7SAYRET:W7 S8SAYRET:W8 S9SAYRET:W9

S S S S S S S S S

considers considers considers considers considers considers considers considers considers

self self self self self self self self self

retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1SAYRET R2SAYRET R3SAYRET R4SAYRET R5SAYRET R6SAYRET R7SAYRET R8SAYRET R9SAYRET

12019 10672 13402 20720 18557 15890 19219 17916 16741

0.600 0.636 0.961 1.260 1.241 1.185 1.035 1.067 1.075

1.002 0.947 1.017 1.143 1.093 1.024 0.959 0.937 0.910

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

S1SAYRET S2SAYRET S3SAYRET S4SAYRET S5SAYRET S6SAYRET S7SAYRET S8SAYRET S9SAYRET

9297 8068 9762 13384 12123 10198 12184 11251 10262

0.603 0.621 0.948 1.176 1.166 1.126 0.970 0.997 1.017

0.997 0.928 1.014 1.132 1.080 1.020 0.948 0.930 0.911

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000 3.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1SAYRET R2SAYRET R3SAYRET R4SAYRET R5SAYRET R6SAYRET R7SAYRET R8SAYRET R9SAYRET .A:may be completely retired | 3213 .D:DK | 6 5 8 14 17 22 25 14 .M:other missing | 15 53 38 153 219 13 10 12 .Q:Not asked this wv | 8222 .R:Refuse | 2 3 8 6 5 11 2 4 .S:Skip, proxy | 633 725 1315 610 849 2036 864 516 446 0.not ret | 8142 6593 5509 6527 5362 4346 6138 5103 4444

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

1.completely retired 2.partly retired 3.question irrelevant

| | |

892

1804 813 1260

2215 1024 840

4599 1597 1697

7292 1887 5014

7375 1797 4023

7049 1708 2787

8654 2052 2375

8712 1905 2196

8499 1897 1901

Value-------------------------|S1SAYRET S2SAYRET S3SAYRET S4SAYRET S5SAYRET S6SAYRET S7SAYRET S8SAYRET S9SAYRET .A:may be completely retired | 1307 .D:DK | 3 3 5 11 8 14 10 6 .M:other missing | 2 14 4 25 73 2 2 3 .Q:Not asked this wv | 4549 .R:Refuse | 1 1 2 3 7 1 .S:Skip, proxy | 603 665 829 584 569 1359 765 471 375 .U=Unmar | 2373 5970 5658 6869 6538 6306 6777 6417 6206 .V=Sp NR | 379 384 418 537 311 220 380 317 365 0.not ret | 6254 5009 4089 4743 3913 3137 4378 3695 3153 1.completely retired | 1427 1690 3285 4410 4608 4248 5083 5083 4802 2.partly retired | 671 790 1196 1366 1284 1209 1435 1286 1290 3.question irrelevant | 945 579 1192 2865 2318 1604 1288 1187 1017

How Constructed: There are at least 2 places in every wave where R could report being retired. See also "Whether retired, Retired employment status" (RwRETEMP). RwSAYRET is derived from the question: At this time do you consider yourself to be completely retired, partly retired, or not retired at all? RwSAYRET recodes this variable to 0 for not retired, 1 for completely retired, 2 for partly retired, 3 for irrelevant, and for missing values. For proxy interviews, it is set to SAS special missing code .S to indicate that the question was skipped. The spouse variable is taken from the wave 'w' spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's RwSAYRET. In Wave 2A, there are no questions that ask the respondent whether he/she considers himself retired. If the Wave 2A interview is by proxy, R2SAYRET is set to .S; otherwise it is set to .Q to indicate that no information was collected for Ahead respondents in this wave. See also Labor Force Status (RwLBRF and SwLBRF) under Employment.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The question in all waves is "At this time do you consider yourself completely retired, partly retired, or not retired at all?". In Wave 1, this question is asked in the Section K: Retirement expectations. From Wave 2H forward it is asked in the Employment section, just after questions on retirement plans ("Do you plan to stop working or reduce work hours at a particular date or age, have you not given it much thought, or what?") if R is working, and after questions about the search for work if R is unemployed. One of the coded answers for this question is "Irrelevant". In Wave 1, and in Wave 2H for the self-employed and unemployed, "irrelevant" is defined as "doesn't work for pay or is homemaker; hasn't worked for 10 or more years". In Wave 2H for those employed but not self-employed, and in Waves 3H and 4, it is defined as "doesn't work for pay or is homemaker; hasn't worked for 1 or more years". From Wave 5 on it is defined just as "doesn't work for pay or is homemaker". These differences may influence the number of respondents for whom "irrelevant" was coded. In Wave 2A, this question is not asked at all. In Wave 3A the question is asked in the Employment section, and many cases skip the entire section because they do not work now and have not for the past 2 years. These cases are coded as .A (may be completely retired). There is no definition for the irrelevant code.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4901 HRS 1994:

K1:RETRD:PART,ALL,OR:IMP

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

W3983 W4638 W5022 AHEAD 1995: D3130 D3489 D3711 HRS 1996: E3039 HRS 1998: F3570 HRS 2000: G3859 G514 HRS 2002: HA009 HJ578 HRS 2004: JA009 JJ578 HRS 2006: KA009 KJ578 HRS 2008: LA009 LJ578

FA123.CONSIDER SELF RETI FB83.RETIREMENT FC41.RETIREMENT GA123.RETIREMENT GB83.RETIREMENT GC41.RETIREMENT G134.CONSIDER SELF RETIRED G134.CONSIDER SELF RETIRED G134.CONSIDER SELF RETIRED CS1A.PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CONSIDER SELF RETIRED PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CONSIDER SELF RETIRED PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CONSIDER SELF RETIRED PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CONSIDER SELF RETIRED

893

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

894

Whether retired: Retired Employment Status Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1RETEMP R2RETEMP R3RETEMP R4RETEMP R5RETEMP R6RETEMP R7RETEMP R8RETEMP R9RETEMP

R1RETEMP:W1 R2RETEMP:W2 R3RETEMP:W3 R4RETEMP:W4 R5RETEMP:W5 R6RETEMP:W6 R7RETEMP:W7 R8RETEMP:W8 R9RETEMP:W9

R R R R R R R R R

gives gives gives gives gives gives gives gives gives

Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired

in in in in in in in in in

empstat empstat empstat empstat empstat empstat empstat empstat empstat

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1RETEMP S2RETEMP S3RETEMP S4RETEMP S5RETEMP S6RETEMP S7RETEMP S8RETEMP S9RETEMP

S1RETEMP:W1 S2RETEMP:W2 S3RETEMP:W3 S4RETEMP:W4 S5RETEMP:W5 S6RETEMP:W6 S7RETEMP:W7 S8RETEMP:W8 S9RETEMP:W9

S S S S S S S S S

gives gives gives gives gives gives gives gives gives

Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired

in in in in in in in in in

empstat empstat empstat empstat empstat empstat empstat empstat empstat

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1RETEMP R2RETEMP R3RETEMP R4RETEMP R5RETEMP R6RETEMP R7RETEMP R8RETEMP R9RETEMP

12612 11402 17927 21329 19545 18143 20109 18452 17197

0.157 0.224 0.532 0.528 0.537 0.556 0.504 0.556 0.599

0.443 0.504 0.641 0.640 0.636 0.612 0.600 0.615 0.620

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

S1RETEMP S2RETEMP S3RETEMP S4RETEMP S5RETEMP S6RETEMP S7RETEMP S8RETEMP S9RETEMP

9876 8734 11895 13965 12723 11630 12967 11731 10637

0.173 0.240 0.505 0.497 0.513 0.538 0.480 0.528 0.569

0.463 0.516 0.643 0.641 0.635 0.615 0.602 0.616 0.623

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1RETEMP R2RETEMP R3RETEMP R4RETEMP R5RETEMP R6RETEMP R7RETEMP R8RETEMP R9RETEMP .M:other missing | 40 18 64 55 34 24 20 17 20 .Q:Not asked this wv | 8222 0.No retire empstat | 11032 9309 9842 11769 10572 9209 11070 9408 8143 1.Only retire empstat | 1177 1636 6632 7848 7452 7772 7934 7833 7811 2.Retire plus other empstat | 403 457 1453 1712 1521 1162 1105 1211 1243 Value-------------------------|S1RETEMP S2RETEMP S3RETEMP S4RETEMP S5RETEMP S6RETEMP S7RETEMP S8RETEMP S9RETEMP

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

.M:other missing .Q:Not asked this wv .U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 0.No retire empstat 1.Only retire empstat 2.Retire plus other empstat

| | | | | | |

895

24 2373 379 8515 1009 352

5 4549 5970 384 7006 1360 368

20

13

7

11

5

4

9

5658 418 6865 4058 972

6869 537 8145 4701 1119

6538 311 7170 4576 977

6306 220 6124 4751 755

6777 380 7474 4764 729

6417 317 6301 4666 764

6206 365 5339 4540 758

How Constructed: There are at least 2 places in every wave where R could report being retired. See also "Whether retired, Consider self retired" (RwSAYRET). RwRETEMP is derived from employment status. R can report a retired status alone or in addition to other statuses, such as working, disabled, or unemployed. RwRETEMP is set to 1 if R only reports a retired status, or 2 if R reports being retired in addition to another status. It is set to 0 if no retirement status is reported at all. In Wave 2H, if the interview is a proxy for a deceased respondent, it is set to SAS special missing code .S to indicate that the question was skipped. In Wave 2A, the question is not asked at all. The spouse variable is taken from the wave 'w' spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's RwRETEMP. In Wave 2A, employment status is not asked, for Ahead respondents R2RETEMP is set to SAS special missing code .Q to indicate that the information is not available. See also Labor Force Status (RwLBRF and SwLBRF) under Employment.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Wave 2H, employment status is not asked if the respondent is deceased. Only Wave 2H includes proxy interviews for deceased respondents. In Wave 2A, this question is not asked at all.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V2701 V2702 V2703 V2704 V2705 V2706 V2707 HRS 1994: W117 W3300 W3301 W3302 AHEAD 1995: D2626M1 D2626M2 D2626M3 HRS 1996: E2611M1 E2611M2 E2611M3 HRS 1998: F3115M1 F3115M2 F3115M3 HRS 2000: G3365M1 G3365M2

F1A:WORKING F1B:UNEMP-LOOKING FR WRK F1C:SICK/OTHER LEAVE F1D:DISABLED F1E:RETIRED F1F:HOMEMAKER F1G:OTHER ICS5a. Reason for Proxy FA1.CURRENT JOB STATUS FA1.CURRENT JOB STATUS FA1.CURRENT JOB STATUS GA1. CURRENT JOB STATUS GA1. CURRENT JOB STATUS GA1. CURRENT JOB STATUS G1.CURRENT JOB STATUS G1.CURRENT JOB STATUS G1.CURRENT JOB STATUS G1.CURRENT JOB STATUS G1.CURRENT JOB STATUS G1.CURRENT JOB STATUS G1.CURRENT JOB STATUS G1.CURRENT JOB STATUS

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

G3365M3 HRS 2002: HJ005M1 HJ005M2 HJ005M3 HJ005M4 HJ005M5 HRS 2004: JJ005M1 JJ005M2 JJ005M3 JJ005M4 JJ005M5 HRS 2006: KJ005M1 KJ005M2 KJ005M3 KJ005M4 KJ005M5 HRS 2008: LJ005M1 LJ005M2 LJ005M3 LJ005M4

896

G1.CURRENT JOB STATUS CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT

JOB JOB JOB JOB JOB

STATUSSTATUSSTATUSSTATUSSTATUS-

1 2 3 4 5

CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT

JOB JOB JOB JOB JOB

STATUSSTATUSSTATUSSTATUSSTATUS-

1 2 3 4 5

CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT

JOB JOB JOB JOB JOB

STATUSSTATUSSTATUSSTATUSSTATUS-

1 2 3 4 5

CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT

JOB JOB JOB JOB

STATUSSTATUSSTATUSSTATUS-

1 2 3 4

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

897

Whether retired: Retirement Month and Year, If Says Retired Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1RETMON R2RETMON R3RETMON R4RETMON R5RETMON R6RETMON R7RETMON R8RETMON R9RETMON

R1RETMON:W1 R2RETMON:W2 R3RETMON:W3 R4RETMON:W4 R5RETMON:W5 R6RETMON:W6 R7RETMON:W7 R8RETMON:W8 R9RETMON:W9

Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month

Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired

if if if if if if if if if

say say say say say say say say say

retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1RETMON S2RETMON S3RETMON S4RETMON S5RETMON S6RETMON S7RETMON S8RETMON S9RETMON

S1RETMON:W1 S2RETMON:W2 S3RETMON:W3 S4RETMON:W4 S5RETMON:W5 S6RETMON:W6 S7RETMON:W7 S8RETMON:W8 S9RETMON:W9

Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month

Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired

if if if if if if if if if

say say say say say say say say say

retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1RETYR R2RETYR R3RETYR R4RETYR R5RETYR R6RETYR R7RETYR R8RETYR R9RETYR

R1RETYR:W1 R2RETYR:W2 R3RETYR:W3 R4RETYR:W4 R5RETYR:W5 R6RETYR:W6 R7RETYR:W7 R8RETYR:W8 R9RETYR:W9

Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year

Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired

if if if if if if if if if

say say say say say say say say say

retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1RETYR S2RETYR S3RETYR S4RETYR S5RETYR S6RETYR S7RETYR S8RETYR S9RETYR

S1RETYR:W1 S2RETYR:W2 S3RETYR:W3 S4RETYR:W4 S5RETYR:W5 S6RETYR:W6 S7RETYR:W7 S8RETYR:W8 S9RETYR:W9

Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year

Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired Retired

if if if if if if if if if

say say say say say say say say say

retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired retired

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

R1RETMON R2RETMON R3RETMON R4RETMON R5RETMON R6RETMON R7RETMON R8RETMON

2227 3755 4059 7427 7740 7431 7977 7912

Mean 6.427 6.029 6.146 5.895 5.787 5.986 6.065 6.128

Std Dev 3.378 3.538 3.522 3.517 3.525 3.449 3.465 3.447

Minimum 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Maximum 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

898

R9RETMON

7646

6.157

3.436

1.000

12.000

S1RETMON S2RETMON S3RETMON S4RETMON S5RETMON S6RETMON S7RETMON S8RETMON S9RETMON

1817 2762 3076 4786 5106 4804 5098 4948 4696

6.443 6.083 6.167 6.053 5.869 6.019 6.096 6.154 6.138

3.364 3.507 3.480 3.507 3.533 3.444 3.464 3.458 3.444

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000 12.000

R1RETYR R2RETYR R3RETYR R4RETYR R5RETYR R6RETYR R7RETYR R8RETYR R9RETYR

2589 8524 8563 8899 8904 8525 9121 8990 8648

1986.694 1982.128 1984.245 1987.137 1989.038 1991.126 1992.856 1994.508 1996.015

5.837 10.048 9.816 9.356 9.095 9.114 9.267 9.443 9.675

1945.000 1920.000 1920.000 1932.000 1932.000 1936.000 1925.000 1936.000 1941.000

1993.000 1994.000 1996.000 1998.000 2000.000 2003.000 2004.000 2007.000 2008.000

S1RETYR S2RETYR S3RETYR S4RETYR S5RETYR S6RETYR S7RETYR S8RETYR S9RETYR

2079 5447 5491 5675 5763 5370 5675 5489 5173

1986.874 1983.494 1985.746 1988.422 1990.282 1992.284 1994.000 1995.546 1997.134

5.679 9.318 8.969 8.325 8.040 8.149 8.296 8.685 8.830

1950.000 1927.000 1927.000 1935.000 1936.000 1943.000 1943.000 1941.000 1941.000

1993.000 1994.000 1996.000 1998.000 2000.000 2003.000 2004.000 2007.000 2008.000

How Constructed: Retirement month and year are derived only for respondents who say they are completely or partially retired, i.e., where RwSAYRET is 1 or 2. The source of retirement month and year varies across waves. In Wave 1 it is taken from the questions about retirement month and year that immediately follow an answer of considering oneself completely or partially retired. In Wave 2H, the variables for these direct retirement month and year questions are asked separately for respondents working for a firm, self-employed, or not working. These are all examined for a non-missing retirement month and year. If retirement month and year are not available from these sources, and the respondent reported a retired employment status then the retirement month and year given in conjunction with employment status is used. From Wave 3H forward, a separate variable indicates what the source of retirement month should be: from a previous wave, from the retired employment status month, or from the direct question. The variable derivation uses the indicated source for RwRETMON and RwRETYR. Note that a few additional retirement months and years that are missing in RwRETMON and RwRETYR could be filled in all waves. In Wave 1, the retirement month from that given with a retired employment status could be used to fill missing values. In Wave 2H, the Wave 1 report could be carried forward, if the respondent said he/she was retired in Wave 1. In Wave 3H, the retired employment status month could be used if the previous wave report is missing, and vice versa. One could look back to earlier waves as well. In Wave 2A, there are no questions that ask the respondent whether he/she considers himself retired. To assign codes for retired the information from subsequent waves is used. If in a subsequent wave the respondent reports being retired the date of retirement is compared with interview date. If the interview date is after the date of retirement, R2RETMON and R2RETYR are set to the subsequent date. If R2RETMON and R2RETYR are not filled in this way, they are set to .Q to indicate that the information is not available.

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

899

If R says 'not retired' or skips the appropriate question then we assign SAS special missing code .N for 'not applicable'. The spouse variables are taken from the Wave 'w' spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's RwRETMON and RwRETYR.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In each wave there are two possible sources for retirement month, which correspond to the two places where a respondent can report being retired. One is the retirement month and year given if the respondent reports being retired when asked for employment status (RwRETEMP=1). The second can be asked only if the respondent says that he/she is completely or partially retired (RwSAYRET=1 or 2). In all waves, if the respondent reports being retired when asked for employment status (RwRETEMP=1), a question asks "In what month and year did you retire?" In Wave 1, a question asks "In what month and year did you (partly/completely) retire?" of everyone who reported being completely or partially retired (R1SAYRET=1 or 2). In Wave 2H, the question is asked only if the respondent did not give a retired employment status, that is, if R2SAYRET is 1 or 2 and R2RETEMP is not 1. From Wave 3H forward, the group asked this question is further limited to those who did not report being completely or partially retired in a previous wave. A variable is provided that indicates whether the source of the retirement month should be taken from the previous wave, the employment status retirement month, or the question asked in the current interview. In Wave 2H, the series of questions on whether the respondent considers himself/herself retired and the subsequent inquiry on retirement month are asked in three different places, depending on whether the respondent is working for a firm, self-employed, or not working. In Wave 2A, the questions were not asked. In Wave 3A, the question 'What month did you retire?' is only asked if R retired less than 2 years ago.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4901 V4902 V4903 HRS 1994: W3314 W3315 W3983 W3984 W3985 W4638 W4639 W4640 W5022 W5023 W5024 AHEAD 1995: D2643 D2644 D3130 D3131 D3132 HRS 1996: E2622 E2623 E3039 E3040

K1:RETRD:PART,ALL,OR:IMP K1A:DATE RETIRED:MONTH K1A:DATE RETIRED:YEAR FA1h.RETIRED-MONTH FA1h.RETIRED-YEAR FA123.CONSIDER SELF RETI FA123a.RETIRED-MONTH FA123a.RETIRED-YEAR FB83.RETIREMENT FB83a.MONTH OF RETIREMEN FB83a.YEAR OF RETIREMENT FC41.RETIREMENT FC41a.RETIRE MONTH. FC41a.RETIRE YEAR. GA1J.YEAR RETIRED GA1J.MONTH RETIRED GA123.RETIREMENT GA123A.RETIRE-MONTH GA123B.RETIRE 2 YR AGO?-YEAR. G1H.RETIRED-MONTH G1J.RETIRED-YEAR G134.CONSIDER SELF RETIRED G134A_.BRANCHPOINT

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

HRS

E3041 E3042 1998: F3126 F3127 F3570 F3571 F3572 F3573 2000: G3376 G3377 G3859 G3860 G3861 G3862 2002: HJ017 HJ018 HJ578 HJ579 HJ580 HJ581 2004: JJ017 JJ018 JJ578 JJ579 JJ580 JJ581 2006: KJ017 KJ018 KJ578 KJ579 KJ580 KJ581 2008: LJ017 LJ018 LJ578 LJ579 LJ580 LJ581

G134A.RETIRED-MONTH G134A.RETIRED-YEAR G1H.RETIRED-MONTH G1J.RETIRED-YEAR G134.CONSIDER SELF RETIRED G134A BRANCHPOINT G134A.RETIRED-MONTH G134A.RETIRED-YEAR G1H.RETIRED-MONTH G1J.RETIRED-YEAR G134.CONSIDER SELF RETIRED G134Y1.G134A BRANCHPOINT G134A.RETIRED-MONTH G134Y1A.RETIRED-YEAR RETIRED-MO RETIRED-YR CONSIDER SELF RETIRED J579 BRANCHPOINT MO-RETIRED YR-RETIRED RETIRED-MO RETIRED-YR CONSIDER SELF RETIRED J579 BRANCHPOINT MO-RETIRED YR-RETIRED RETIRED-MO RETIRED-YR CONSIDER SELF RETIRED J579 BRANCHPOINT MO-RETIRED YR-RETIRED RETIRED-MO RETIRED-YR CONSIDER SELF RETIRED J579 BRANCHPOINT MO-RETIRED YR-RETIRED

900

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

901

Planned retirement year Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1RPLNYR R2RPLNYR R3RPLNYR R4RPLNYR R5RPLNYR R6RPLNYR R7RPLNYR R8RPLNYR R9RPLNYR

R1RPLNYR:W1 R2RPLNYR:W2 R3RPLNYR:W3 R4RPLNYR:W4 R5RPLNYR:W5 R6RPLNYR:W6 R7RPLNYR:W7 R8RPLNYR:W8 R9RPLNYR:W9

When When When When When When When When When

R R R R R R R R R

plans plans plans plans plans plans plans plans plans

to to to to to to to to to

stop stop stop stop stop stop stop stop stop

work work work work work work work work work

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1RPLNYR S2RPLNYR S3RPLNYR S4RPLNYR S5RPLNYR S6RPLNYR S7RPLNYR S8RPLNYR S9RPLNYR

S1RPLNYR:W1 S2RPLNYR:W2 S3RPLNYR:W3 S4RPLNYR:W4 S5RPLNYR:W5 S6RPLNYR:W6 S7RPLNYR:W7 S8RPLNYR:W8 S9RPLNYR:W9

When When When When When When When When When

S S S S S S S S S

plans plans plans plans plans plans plans plans plans

to to to to to to to to to

stop stop stop stop stop stop stop stop stop

work work work work work work work work work

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1RPLNYA R3RPLNYA R4RPLNYA R5RPLNYA R6RPLNYA R7RPLNYA R8RPLNYA R9RPLNYA

R1RPLNYA:W1 R3RPLNYA:W3 R4RPLNYA:W4 R5RPLNYA:W5 R6RPLNYA:W6 R7RPLNYA:W7 R8RPLNYA:W8 R9RPLNYA:W9

When When When When When When When When

R R R R R R R R

thinks thinks thinks thinks thinks thinks thinks thinks

will will will will will will will will

stop stop stop stop stop stop stop stop

work work work work work work work work

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1RPLNYA S3RPLNYA S4RPLNYA S5RPLNYA S6RPLNYA S7RPLNYA S8RPLNYA S9RPLNYA

S1RPLNYA:W1 S3RPLNYA:W3 S4RPLNYA:W4 S5RPLNYA:W5 S6RPLNYA:W6 S7RPLNYA:W7 S8RPLNYA:W8 S9RPLNYA:W9

When When When When When When When When

S S S S S S S S

thinks thinks thinks thinks thinks thinks thinks thinks

will will will will will will will will

stop stop stop stop stop stop stop stop

work work work work work work work work

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

R1RPLNYR R2RPLNYR R3RPLNYR R4RPLNYR R5RPLNYR R6RPLNYR R7RPLNYR R8RPLNYR R9RPLNYR

1668 1628 1486 1589 1264 973 1232 1100 961

Mean 1998.365 1999.359 2000.452 2002.667 2004.026 2006.046 2009.498 2010.995 2012.517

Std Dev 4.565 4.136 3.971 4.211 4.205 3.904 4.857 4.874 4.192

Minimum

Maximum

1992.000 1994.000 1995.000 1998.000 2000.000 2002.000 2004.000 2006.000 2008.000

2049.000 2025.000 2026.000 2030.000 2032.000 2034.000 2040.000 2044.000 2034.000

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

902

S1RPLNYR S2RPLNYR S3RPLNYR S4RPLNYR S5RPLNYR S6RPLNYR S7RPLNYR S8RPLNYR S9RPLNYR

1353 1285 1152 1187 959 733 904 814 699

1998.447 1999.454 2000.477 2002.747 2004.139 2006.134 2009.640 2011.114 2012.539

4.727 4.266 4.032 4.367 4.350 3.861 4.919 4.891 4.205

1992.000 1994.000 1995.000 1998.000 2000.000 2002.000 2004.000 2006.000 2008.000

2049.000 2025.000 2026.000 2030.000 2032.000 2026.000 2040.000 2044.000 2034.000

R1RPLNYA R3RPLNYA R4RPLNYA R5RPLNYA R6RPLNYA R7RPLNYA R8RPLNYA R9RPLNYA

6315 3090 3521 2887 2368 3230 2774 2491

2000.598 2002.516 2004.903 2006.383 2008.257 2012.154 2013.513 2014.675

5.510 5.433 5.828 5.771 5.737 6.350 6.171 5.527

1992.000 1995.000 1998.000 2000.000 2002.000 2004.000 2006.000 2008.000

2049.000 2039.000 2041.000 2057.000 2048.000 2046.000 2047.000 2048.000

S1RPLNYA S3RPLNYA S4RPLNYA S5RPLNYA S6RPLNYA S7RPLNYA S8RPLNYA S9RPLNYA

4932 2346 2642 2178 1738 2375 2069 1825

2000.761 2002.550 2005.073 2006.583 2008.413 2012.318 2013.781 2014.791

5.743 5.495 5.960 5.891 5.824 6.482 6.341 5.583

1992.000 1995.000 1998.000 2000.000 2002.000 2004.000 2006.000 2008.000

2049.000 2039.000 2041.000 2046.000 2048.000 2046.000 2047.000 2048.000

How Constructed: There are 2 planned retirement year variables. RwRPLNYR is derived from the variable which asks R about retirement plans. If R plans to stop work altogether then he/she is asked when, which is assigned to RwRPLNYR. Most cases are missing this variable. RwRPLNYA is an alternate variable which combines RwRPLNYR with a question which asks when R thinks he/she will stop work or retire. In Wave 1 this question follows a question on whether R considers him/herself completely retired, and asks when R thinks he/she will retire completely. From Wave 3H forward, if R responds to the retirement plans question that he/she hasn't given it much thought or has no plans, he/she is asked: "When do you think you will stop working?". The year given in response to this is assigned to RwRPLNYA. If R did not respond in this way but did respond that he/she plans to stop work altogether, then RwRPLNYR is assigned to RwRPLNYA. RwRPLNYA also has many missing values, but fewer than RwRPLNYR. The alternate question used to derive RwRPLNYA is not asked in Wave 2A or 2H, so R2RPLNYA is missing. The years for both RwRPLNYR and RwRPLNYA can be given by age or specific year. In Wave 1 only age is given for when R plans to stop work altogether and only year for when R thinks he/she will retire. In other waves, both age and year are in the data. If the year is given by age, then year is assigned as R's birth year plus the age given. If it is a proxy interview, these questions are not asked, and RwRPLNYR and RwRPLNYA are set to SAS special missing code .S for "skipped because proxy". If R is not working then the questions about retirement plans are not asked, except for the "when do you think you will retire completely". If the questions are skipped because R is not working, RwRPLNYR and RwRPLNYA are assigned SAS special missing code .W for "not working". R can respond "Never" to the "when" questions. If R says "Never" or has no plan to stop work, RwRPLNYR is set to .N. If R says "Never" or was not asked the "when do you think you will stop work" question in Waves 3H forward, RwRPLNYA is set to .N.

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

903

In Wave 1 if R is completely retired, then the "when do you think you will retire completely" question is not asked, and R1RPLNYA is set to .A for "already retired". The spouse variables are taken from the wave 'w' spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's RwRPLNYR and RwRPLNYA. In Wave 2A, the data needed to derive R2RPLNYR are not collected. R2RPLNYR is set to .Q to indicate that this information is not available for Ahead respondents in this wave.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The variable of interest is the year the respondent plans to stop working. In the employment section, the respondent is asked about retirement plans. The question wording is almost the same across all waves. In all waves the question is preceded by a question about the usual retirement age for people the respondent works with or with the same kind of job. It is prefaced by: "Now I have a few questions about work and retirement". Then the question is: Are you currently planning to stop working altogether or work fewer hours at a particular date or age, to change the kind of work you do when you reach a particular age, have you not given it much thought, or what? In Wave 2H, the question is: Are you currently planning to stop working altogether or work fewer hours at a particular date or age, have you not given it much thought, or what? In Wave 3A and 3H, the question is: Now I want to ask about your retirement plans. Do you plan to stop working altogether or work fewer hours at a particular date or age, have you not given it much thought, or what? In Waves 4 forward, the question is: Now I want to ask about your retirement plans. Do you plan to stop working altogether or reduce work hours at a particular date or age, have you not given it much thought, or what? In all waves multiple answers may be given: stop work altogether, never stop work, haven't given it much thought, no current plans-continue as is, work fewer hours, change kind of work, work for myself, and other. In Wave 3H another choice is added: work until my health fails. If R plans to stop work altogether, R is asked "At what age do you plan to stop working?". The questionnaire allows an age or year to be given. In Wave 1 the variable in the data is an age, but in subsequent waves either an age or year is in the data. Because multiple answers, including indefinite ones, are allowed, many cases are missing a retirement year. Beginning in Wave 3A, if R hasn't given it much thought or has no current plans, the survey asks: "At what age do you think you will stop working?". In the retirement expectations section of Wave 1 a question follows one on whether R considers him/herself completely retired, and asks when R thinks he/she will retire completely. In Wave 2A there are no retirement questions asked and in 2H there is no question asking R when he/she thinks he/she will stop working or retire. For Ahead respondents in Wave 2A, the information for R2RPLNYR is not available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V3338 V3346 V5001 HRS 1994: W3967 W3968

F91:STP WRK ALL TOGETHER F91A:AGE TO STOP WRKING K13:DATE/YR/AGE WILL:IMP FA122.PLANS FOR RETIREME FA122.PLANS FOR RETIREME

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

W3969 W3970 W3975 W4622 W4623 W4624 W4630 AHEAD 1995: D3121M1 D3121M2 D3122 D3123 D3480M1 D3480M2 D3480M3 HRS 1996: E3028M1 E3028M2 E3028M3 E3028M4 E3029 E3030 E3031 E3032 HRS 1998: F3559M1 F3559M2 F3559M3 F3559M4 F3559M5 F3559M6 F3560 F3561 F3562 F3563 HRS 2000: G3848M1 G3848M2 G3848M3 G3848M4 G3849 G3850 G3851 G3852 HRS 2002: HJ566M1 HJ566M2 HJ566M3 HJ566M4 HJ566M5 HJ566M6 HJ566M7 HJ568 HJ569 HJ570 HJ571 HRS 2004: JJ566M1 JJ566M2 JJ566M3 JJ566M4 JJ566M5 JJ566M6

904

FA122.PLANS FOR RETIREME FA122.PLANS FOR RETIREME FA122a.PLAN TO STOP WORK FB82.RETIREMENT PLANS FB82.RETIREMENT PLANS FB82.RETIREMENT PLANS FB82a.AGE EXPECT STOP WO GA122. RETIREMENT PLANS GA122. RETIREMENT PLANS GA122A. AGE STOP WORKING GA122A1. YEAR STOP WORKING GB82. RETIREMENT PLANS GB82. RETIREMENT PLANS GB82. RETIREMENT PLANS G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133A.PLAN TO STOP WORKING-AGE G133A1.PLAN TO STOP WORKING-YEAR G133B.THINK STOP WORKING-AGE G133B1.THINK STOP WORKING-YEAR G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133A.PLAN TO STOP WORKING-AGE G133A1.PLAN TO STOP WORKING-YEAR G133B.THINK STOP WORKING-AGE G133B1.THINK STOP WORKING-YEAR G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133.PLANS FOR RETIREMENT G133A.PLAN TO STOP WORKING-AGE G133A1.PLAN TO STOP WORKING-YEAR G133B.THINK STOP WORKING-AGE G133B1.THINK STOP WORKING-YEAR PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 1 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 2 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 3 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 4 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 5 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 6 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 7 PLAN TO STOP WORKING-AGE PLAN TO STOP WORKING-YR THINK STOP WORKING-AGE THINK STOP WORKING-YR PLANS PLANS PLANS PLANS PLANS PLANS

FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR

RETIREMENTRETIREMENTRETIREMENTRETIREMENTRETIREMENTRETIREMENT-

1 2 3 4 5 6

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

JJ566M7 JJ568 JJ569 JJ570 JJ571 HRS 2006: KJ566M1 KJ566M2 KJ566M3 KJ566M4 KJ566M5 KJ568 KJ569 KJ570 KJ571 HRS 2008: LJ566M1 LJ566M2 LJ566M3 LJ566M4 LJ566M5 LJ568 LJ569 LJ570 LJ571

PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 7 PLAN TO STOP WORKING-AGE PLAN TO STOP WORKING-YR THINK STOP WORKING-AGE THINK STOP WORKING-YR PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 1 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 2 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 3 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 4 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 5 PLAN TO STOP WORKING-AGE PLAN TO STOP WORKING-YR THINK STOP WORKING-AGE THINK STOP WORKING-YR PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 1 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 2 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 3 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 4 PLANS FOR RETIREMENT- 5 PLAN TO STOP WORKING-AGE PLAN TO STOP WORKING-YR THINK STOP WORKING-AGE THINK STOP WORKING-YR

905

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

906

Expects spouse to retire at the same time Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

R1RETWSP

R1RETWSP:W1 R Expect-SP retire same time

Categ

1

S1RETWSP

S1RETWSP:W1 S Expect-SP retire same time

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1RETWSP

4802

0.870

0.742

0.000

2.000

S1RETWSP

4618

0.869

0.742

0.000

2.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1RETWSP .A:Already retired | 1467 .D:DK | 131 .I:Retirement not relevant | 1077 .M:other missing | 210 .N:No retirement plans | 1985 .S:Skip,proxy | 611 .U=Unmar | 2369 0. No | 1672 1. Yes | 2081 2. Sp not working | 1049 Value-------------------------|S1RETWSP .A:Already retired | 1427 .D:DK | 122 .I:Retirement not relevant | 1029 .M:other missing | 188 .N:No retirement plans | 1906 .S:Skip,proxy | 610 .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0. No | 1614 1. Yes | 1997 2. Sp not working | 1007

How Constructed: The question is in the retirement expectations section and asks: Do you expect your spouse to retire at about the same time that you do? R1RETWSP is simply a recode of the HRS Wave 1 variable. The possible answers are yes, no, and spouse not working. If the spouse is not working this variable is set to 2. Otherwise, it is set to 0 for no and 1 for yes. The variable is skipped for a number of reasons. SAS special missing codes are assigned to identify the reasons. If R is completely retired, R1RETWSP is set to .A for already retired. It is set to .U if R is unmarried. If retirement is irrelevant, e.g., if R hasn't been working for the last 10 years or is a homemaker, R1RETWSP is set to .I for irrelevant. If the interview is by proxy, R1RETWSP is set to .S for skipped because proxy. The spouse variable is taken from the Wave 1 spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's R1RETWSP.

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V225 V4901 V5001 V5002 Tracker: APROXY

A10:CURRENT MARR STA:IMP K1:RETRD:PART,ALL,OR:IMP K13:DATE/YR/AGE WILL:IMP K14:SPOUSE RET SAME TIME 1992 PROXY TYPE STATUS

907

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

908

Concerned about having enough retirement income Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

R1RETINC

R1RETINC:W1 R Worry-enough retiremnt inc

Categ

1

S1RETINC

S1RETINC:W1 S Worry-enough retiremnt inc

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1RETINC

8822

2.286

1.104

1.000

4.000

S1RETINC

6822

2.349

1.094

1.000

4.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1RETINC .A:Already retired | 1803 .D:DK | 5 .M:other missing | 116 .N:No retirement plans | 1269 .S:Skip,proxy | 637 1. A lot | 2801 2. Somewhat | 2370 3. Little | 1980 4. Not at all | 1671 Value-------------------------|S1RETINC .A:Already retired | 1426 .D:DK | 4 .M:other missing | 67 .N:No retirement plans | 974 .S:Skip,proxy | 607 .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. A lot | 1953 2. Somewhat | 1884 3. Little | 1634 4. Not at all | 1351

How Constructed: The question is in the retirement expectations section and asks: Now for things that worry some people about retirement. Please tell me if they worry you a lot, somewhat, a little, or not at all: Not having enough income to get by. R1RETINC simply recodes missings from the HRS variable. It is set to .S if the interview is by proxy, .A if the respondent is already completely retired (R1SAYRET=1), .N if the respondent says he/she will never retire to the question asking when he/she thinks he/she will retire. The spouse variable is taken from the Wave 1 spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's R1RETINC.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V4901 V5001

K1:RETRD:PART,ALL,OR:IMP K13:DATE/YR/AGE WILL:IMP

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

V5022

K22E:WORRY:NOT ENOUGH $

909

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

910

Expectations regarding retirement living standards versus current living standards Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

R1RETLIV

R1RETLIV:W1 R Expect-retiremt living std

Categ

1

S1RETLIV

S1RETLIV:W1 S Expect-retiremt living std

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1RETLIV

8743

3.385

0.775

1.000

5.000

S1RETLIV

6782

3.387

0.751

1.000

5.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1RETLIV .A:Already retired | 1803 .D:DK | 56 .M:other missing | 142 .N:No retirement plans | 1269 .S:Skip,proxy | 639 1. Increase a lot | 122 2. Increase somewhat | 619 3. Stay same as now | 4379 4. Decline somewhat | 3016 5. Decline a lot | 607 Value-------------------------|S1RETLIV .A:Already retired | 1426 .D:DK | 31 .M:other missing | 78 .N:No retirement plans | 974 .S:Skip,proxy | 609 .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 1. Increase a lot | 82 2. Increase somewhat | 441 3. Stay same as now | 3450 4. Decline somewhat | 2387 5. Decline a lot | 422

How Constructed: The question is in the retirement expectations section and asks: When you [and your spouse/partner] decide to retire, do you expect your living standards to increase a lot, increase somewhat, stay about the same as now, decline somewhat, or decline a lot? R1RETLIV simply recodes missings from the HRS variable. It is set to .S if the interview is by proxy, .A if the respondent is already completely retired (R1SAYRET=1), .N if the respondent says he/she will never retire to the question asking when he/she thinks he/she will retire. The spouse variable is taken from the Wave 1 spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's R1RETLIV.

HRS Variables Used V4901

K1:RETRD:PART,ALL,OR:IMP

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

V5001 V5024

K13:DATE/YR/AGE WILL:IMP K23:RATE LIV STND FOR RT

911

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

912

Expectation of total retirement wealth Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

R1RETWLT

R1RETWLT:W1 R Expect-tot retirement wlth

Cont

1

S1RETWLT

S1RETWLT:W1 S Expect-tot retirement wlth

Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1RETWLT

8947

100227.057

300590.018

0.000

9000000.000

S1RETWLT

6896

108132.444

300197.839

0.000

7000000.000

How Constructed: The question is in the retirement expectations section and asks: Not counting IRA, Keogh, or any pension fund assets that you [and your spouse/partner] may have, roughly how much savings and reserve funds do you expect to have accumulated by the time you decide to retire? R1RETWLT simply recodes missings from the HRS variable. It is set to .S if the interview is by proxy, .A if the respondent is already completely retired (R1SAYRET=1), .N if the respondent says he/she will never retire to the question asking when he/she thinks he/she will retire. The spouse variable is taken from the Wave 1 spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's R1RETWLT.

HRS Variables Used V4901 V5001 V5025

K1:RETRD:PART,ALL,OR:IMP K13:DATE/YR/AGE WILL:IMP K24:SAV:$AMT SAVD BY:IMP

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

913

Plans to continue paid work in retirement Wave Variable

Label

Type

1

R1RETWRK

R1RETWRK:W1 R Plan-paid work aft retired

Categ

1

S1RETWRK

S1RETWRK:W1 S Plan-paid work aft retired

Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1RETWRK

10176

0.731

0.443

0.000

1.000

S1RETWRK

7908

0.718

0.450

0.000

1.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1RETWRK .D:DK | 1762 .M:other missing | 71 .S:Skip,proxy | 643 0.Stop work entirely | 2733 1.Continue paid work | 7443 Value-------------------------|S1RETWRK .D:DK | 1342 .M:other missing | 38 .S:Skip,proxy | 612 .U=Unmar | 2373 .V=Sp NR | 379 0.Stop work entirely | 2231 1.Continue paid work | 5677

How Constructed: The question is in the retirement expectations section and asks: Some people want to stop paid work entirely when they retire, while others would like to continue doing some paid work þ what about you? R1RETWRK simply recodes the HRS variable. A "stop work entirely" response is set to 0 and "continue paid work" is set to 1. This question is skipped if the interview is by proxy. In this case R1RETWRK is set to .S. There are many "don't know" responses to this question; the questionnaire indicates that this missing value includes both "not applicable" and "don't know". There was no clear reason for a "not applicable" code. The spouse variable is taken from the Wave 1 spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's R1RETWRK.

HRS Variables Used V5032

K26:CONT PAID WRK AT RET

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

914

Self-reported probability of living to age 75 Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LIV75 R2LIV75 R3LIV75 R4LIV75 R5LIV75 R6LIV75 R7LIV75 R8LIV75 R9LIV75

R1LIV75:W1 R2LIV75:W2 R3LIV75:W3 R4LIV75:W4 R5LIV75:W5 R6LIV75:W6 R7LIV75:W7 R8LIV75:W8 R9LIV75:W9

R R R R R R R R R

Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability

to to to to to to to to to

live live live live live live live live live

75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LIV75 S2LIV75 S3LIV75 S4LIV75 S5LIV75 S6LIV75 S7LIV75 S8LIV75 S9LIV75

S1LIV75:W1 S2LIV75:W2 S3LIV75:W3 S4LIV75:W4 S5LIV75:W5 S6LIV75:W6 S7LIV75:W7 S8LIV75:W8 S9LIV75:W9

S S S S S S S S S

Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability

to to to to to to to to to

live live live live live live live live live

75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LIV75P R2LIV75P R3LIV75P R4LIV75P R5LIV75P R6LIV75P R7LIV75P R8LIV75P R9LIV75P

R1LIV75P:W1 R2LIV75P:W2 R3LIV75P:W3 R4LIV75P:W4 R5LIV75P:W5 R6LIV75P:W6 R7LIV75P:W7 R8LIV75P:W8 R9LIV75P:W9

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

live live live live live live live live live

75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R

curage curage curage curage curage curage curage curage curage

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S1LIV75P S2LIV75P S3LIV75P S4LIV75P S5LIV75P S6LIV75P S7LIV75P S8LIV75P S9LIV75P

S1LIV75P:W1 S2LIV75P:W2 S3LIV75P:W3 S4LIV75P:W4 S5LIV75P:W5 S6LIV75P:W6 S7LIV75P:W7 S8LIV75P:W8 S9LIV75P:W9

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

live live live live live live live live live

75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R 75+/R

curage curage curage curage curage curage curage curage curage

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

R1LIV75R R2LIV75R R3LIV75R R4LIV75R R5LIV75R R6LIV75R R7LIV75R R8LIV75R R9LIV75R

R1LIV75R:W1 R2LIV75R:W2 R3LIV75R:W3 R4LIV75R:W4 R5LIV75R:W5 R6LIV75R:W6 R7LIV75R:W7 R8LIV75R:W8 R9LIV75R:W9

Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob

live live live live live live live live live

75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1

S1LIV75R

S1LIV75R:W1 Rprob live 75+ / LfTab prob

Cont

/ / / / / / / / /

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIV75R S3LIV75R S4LIV75R S5LIV75R S6LIV75R S7LIV75R S8LIV75R S9LIV75R

S2LIV75R:W2 S3LIV75R:W3 S4LIV75R:W4 S5LIV75R:W5 S6LIV75R:W6 S7LIV75R:W7 S8LIV75R:W8 S9LIV75R:W9

915

Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob

live live live live live live live live

75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+ 75+

/ / / / / / / /

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1LIV75 R2LIV75 R3LIV75 R4LIV75 R5LIV75 R6LIV75 R7LIV75 R8LIV75 R9LIV75

11758 9668 8828 9417 8231 6855 8724 6442 5354

64.590 63.501 65.151 65.292 66.521 66.264 64.640 63.229 65.523

29.675 28.975 30.587 29.240 28.046 28.175 28.816 29.384 28.369

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

S1LIV75 S2LIV75 S3LIV75 S4LIV75 S5LIV75 S6LIV75 S7LIV75 S8LIV75 S9LIV75

9138 7275 6499 6964 6113 5079 6302 4738 3848

65.167 63.969 65.923 65.703 67.120 66.770 65.455 64.224 66.142

29.075 28.157 29.766 28.504 27.337 27.567 28.066 28.549 27.624

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

R1LIV75P R2LIV75P R3LIV75P R4LIV75P R5LIV75P R6LIV75P R7LIV75P R8LIV75P R9LIV75P

12651 19641 17991 21384 19579 18167 20129 18469 17217

69.637 80.963 82.235 82.238 83.694 85.421 84.721 86.001 87.182

7.170 13.744 13.313 12.566 12.020 11.230 11.194 10.970 10.792

54.192 54.640 55.697 57.644 58.829 60.198 61.942 61.688 61.688

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

S1LIV75P S2LIV75P S3LIV75P S4LIV75P S5LIV75P S6LIV75P S7LIV75P S8LIV75P S9LIV75P

9900 13088 11915 13978 12730 11641 12972 11735 10646

69.262 77.867 79.363 79.639 81.088 83.028 82.640 83.884 85.172

7.217 12.799 12.504 11.849 11.410 10.823 10.758 10.718 10.671

54.192 54.640 55.697 57.644 58.829 60.198 61.942 61.688 61.688

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

R1LIV75R R2LIV75R R3LIV75R R4LIV75R R5LIV75R R6LIV75R R7LIV75R R8LIV75R R9LIV75R

11757 9668 8828 9417 8231 6855 8724 6442 5354

0.932 0.905 0.906 0.904 0.904 0.880 0.858 0.840 0.868

0.438 0.422 0.431 0.411 0.386 0.377 0.385 0.392 0.378

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.833 1.817 1.722 1.686 1.676 1.633 1.608 1.583 1.619

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

S1LIV75R S2LIV75R S3LIV75R S4LIV75R S5LIV75R S6LIV75R S7LIV75R S8LIV75R S9LIV75R

9138 7275 6499 6964 6113 5079 6302 4738 3848

0.945 0.918 0.924 0.916 0.918 0.892 0.873 0.857 0.880

916

0.431 0.414 0.423 0.403 0.379 0.372 0.378 0.383 0.370

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

1.833 1.817 1.696 1.686 1.676 1.633 1.608 1.583 1.619

General Comments: Questions about probability of living to a given age vary between the Ahead and Hrs entry cohorts in Waves 2 and 3, due to the difference in the age of the respondents. Thus Ahead respondents are not asked about living to age 75, since most of them are close to or past that age at the first interview. So for the Ahead entry cohort in Waves 2A and 3A, RwLIV75 and related variables (RwLIV75R, RwLIV75C, and RwLIV75F) are set to .Q to indicate that the information is not available. If an Ahead respondent is 75 or younger, RwLIV75P is set for them; if older than 75, RwLIV75P is set to 100. In Waves 1, 2H, 3H, and 4 questions ask the respondent the probability of living to age 85. In Wave 4, few of the Ahead respondents are young enough to be asked this question. To accommodate older respondents, in Waves 2A, 3A, and from Wave 5 forward the question does not always ask the probability of living to age 85, but asks the probability of living to an age from 80 to 100, depending on the respondent's age. From Wave 5 on, the wording depends on the respondent's age at the interview. In Waves 2A and 3A, the wording depends on birth year and is the same in both waves, even though respondents are usually two years older in Wave 3A. So the age used to determine question wording, in these waves, is age in 1993. These two different versions of the variables are named differently to alert the user to the inconsistencies in the questions. The Wave 1, 2H, 3H, and 4 variables are named RwLIV85, RwLIV85P, and RwLIV85R, while the Wave 2A, 3A, and from Wave 5 forward variables are named RwLIV10 (for 10 or so more years), RwLIV10P, and RwLIV10R. Changes in these probabilities from those given in a previous wave are used to measure change in health status in variables RwLIV75C, RwLIV85C, and R2LIV8XC. If the change uses requires the use of RwLIV10R in the current or previous wave, then it is assigned to RwLIV8XC. If it uses RwLIV85R in both waves, it is assigned to RwLIV85C. For Ahead respondents in Waves 2 and 3 (2A and 3A), RwLIV85, RwLIV85P, RwLIV85R, RwLIV85C, and RwLIV85F are set to .Q to indicate that this information is unavailable for this cohort in these waves. In addition R4LIV85C and R4LIV85F are set to .Q for these cases, since the information is not available from a prior wave. For HRS respondents in Waves 2 and 3 (2H and 3H), RwLIV10, RwLIV10P, RwLIV10R, RwLIV8XC, and RwLIV8XF are set to .Q to indicate that these are inapplicable or unavailable for this cohort in these waves. In addition R4LIV8XC and R4LIV8XF are set to .Q for these cases, since the prior wave information is completely based on RwLIV85 information.

How Constructed: RwLIV75 is the respondent's self-reported probability of living to age 75. RwLIV75P is the implied probability from the Vital Statistics life tables that someone of the respondent's age and gender will live to be 75. RwLIV75R is the ratio between RwLIV75 and RwLIV75P. The life tables used are the annual life tables for the year of the wave, e.g., the 1998 life table is used to derive R4LIV75P. As the 2004 life table is not yet available, the 2003 table is used for Wave 7. For Waves 3A and 3H, an alternate set of life tables, similar to those from the NCHS web page but providing estimates beyond age 85, were taken from the Berkeley Mortality Database. The probability of survival is calculated as the number surviving at age 75 divided by the number surviving to R’s age, for males or females, as appropriate.

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

917

SwLIV75, SwLIV75P, and SwLIV75R provide this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. In Wave 1 R's self-reported probability is given on a 0-10 scale. This is multiplied by 10 to derive a 0-100 scale consistent with that reported in other waves. Otherwise this variable simply recodes missing values. It is set to .S if the question is skipped because the interview is by proxy. From Wave 2H forward, it is set to .A if skipped because R is older than 65. The spouse variable is taken from the wave 'w' spouse's self-report, e.g., S3LIV75 is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3LIV75. Note this variable is also used to measure changes in health across waves. of this document for the relevant variables (RwLIV75C).

See the Health section

This question is not asked in Wave 2A or 3A and so the variables are set to .Q.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Waves 1 and 2H, the question is asked in the Cognition section. in the Expectations section.

In subsequent waves it is asked

In Wave 1, the question asks: What do you think are the chances that you will live to be 75 or more? In subsequent waves, the question is: (What is the percent chance) that you will live to be 75 or more? In Wave 1, the responses are on a scale of 0 to 10, with 0 meaning absolutely no chance and 10 meaning absolutely no chance. In subsequent waves responses are scaled from 0 to 100. In all waves, the question is skipped if the interview is by proxy. question is skipped if R is older than age 65. This question is not asked in Waves 2A and 3A.

HRS Variables Used V5115 HRS 1994: W5839 HRS 1996: E3819 HRS 1998: F4605 HRS 2000: G5018 G514 HRS 2002: HA009 HP028 HRS 2004: JA009 JP028 HRS 2006: KA009 KP028 HRS 2008: LA009 LP028

L7:FUTR:WILL LIVE TO 75+ C6.CHANCE LIVE TO 75 H8. CHANCE LIVE TO 75 H11. CHANCE LIVE TO 75 H11. CHANCE LIVE TO 75 CS1A.PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CHANCE R WILL LIVE TO BE AGE 75 OR MORE PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CHANCE R WILL LIVE TO BE AGE 75 OR MORE PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CHANCE R WILL LIVE TO BE AGE 75 OR MORE PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW CHANCE R WILL LIVE TO BE AGE 75 OR MORE

Beginning in Wave 2H this

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

918

Self-reported probability of living to age 85 Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 2 3 4

R1LIV85 R2LIV85 R3LIV85 R4LIV85

R1LIV85:W1 R2LIV85:W2 R3LIV85:W3 R4LIV85:W4

R R R R

Probability Probability Probability Probability

to to to to

live live live live

85+ 85+ 85+ 85+

Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4

S1LIV85 S2LIV85 S3LIV85 S4LIV85

S1LIV85:W1 S2LIV85:W2 S3LIV85:W3 S4LIV85:W4

S S S S

Probability Probability Probability Probability

to to to to

live live live live

85+ 85+ 85+ 85+

Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 5 6 7 8 9

R2LIV10 R3LIV10 R5LIV10 R6LIV10 R7LIV10 R8LIV10 R9LIV10

R2LIV10:W2 R3LIV10:W3 R5LIV10:W5 R6LIV10:W6 R7LIV10:W7 R8LIV10:W8 R9LIV10:W9

R R R R R R R

Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability

to to to to to to to

live live live live live live live

80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIV10 S3LIV10 S5LIV10 S6LIV10 S7LIV10 S8LIV10 S9LIV10

S2LIV10:W2 S3LIV10:W3 S5LIV10:W5 S6LIV10:W6 S7LIV10:W7 S8LIV10:W8 S9LIV10:W9

S S S S S S S

Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability Probability

to to to to to to to

live live live live live live live

80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 5 6 7 8 9

R2LIV10A R3LIV10A R5LIV10A R6LIV10A R7LIV10A R8LIV10A R9LIV10A

R2LIV10A:W2 R3LIV10A:W3 R5LIV10A:W5 R6LIV10A:W6 R7LIV10A:W7 R8LIV10A:W8 R9LIV10A:W9

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

used used used used used used used

in in in in in in in

live live live live live live live

80-100/85 80-100/85 80-100/85 80-100/85 80-100/85 80-100/85 80-100/85

Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIV10A S3LIV10A S5LIV10A S6LIV10A S7LIV10A S8LIV10A S9LIV10A

S2LIV10A:W2 S3LIV10A:W3 S5LIV10A:W5 S6LIV10A:W6 S7LIV10A:W7 S8LIV10A:W8 S9LIV10A:W9

Age Age Age Age Age Age Age

used used used used used used used

in in in in in in in

live live live live live live live

80-100/85 80-100/85 80-100/85 80-100/85 80-100/85 80-100/85 80-100/85

Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4

R1LIV85P R2LIV85P R3LIV85P R4LIV85P

R1LIV85P:W1 R2LIV85P:W2 R3LIV85P:W3 R4LIV85P:W4

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob

live live live live

85+/R 85+/R 85+/R 85+/R

curage curage curage curage

Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4

S1LIV85P S2LIV85P S3LIV85P S4LIV85P

S1LIV85P:W1 S2LIV85P:W2 S3LIV85P:W3 S4LIV85P:W4

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob

live live live live

85+/R 85+/R 85+/R 85+/R

curage curage curage curage

Cont Cont Cont Cont

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

919

2 3 5 6 7 8 9

R2LIV10P R3LIV10P R5LIV10P R6LIV10P R7LIV10P R8LIV10P R9LIV10P

R2LIV10P:W2 R3LIV10P:W3 R5LIV10P:W5 R6LIV10P:W6 R7LIV10P:W7 R8LIV10P:W8 R9LIV10P:W9

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

live live live live live live live

80-100/R 80-100/R 80-100/R 80-100/R 80-100/R 80-100/R 80-100/R

curage curage curage curage curage curage curage

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIV10P S3LIV10P S5LIV10P S6LIV10P S7LIV10P S8LIV10P S9LIV10P

S2LIV10P:W2 S3LIV10P:W3 S5LIV10P:W5 S6LIV10P:W6 S7LIV10P:W7 S8LIV10P:W8 S9LIV10P:W9

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

live live live live live live live

80-100/R 80-100/R 80-100/R 80-100/R 80-100/R 80-100/R 80-100/R

curage curage curage curage curage curage curage

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4

R1LIV85R R2LIV85R R3LIV85R R4LIV85R

R1LIV85R:W1 R2LIV85R:W2 R3LIV85R:W3 R4LIV85R:W4

Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob

live live live live

85+ 85+ 85+ 85+

/ / / /

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob

Cont Cont Cont Cont

1 2 3 4

S1LIV85R S2LIV85R S3LIV85R S4LIV85R

S1LIV85R:W1 S2LIV85R:W2 S3LIV85R:W3 S4LIV85R:W4

Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob

live live live live

85+ 85+ 85+ 85+

/ / / /

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob

Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 5 6 7 8 9

R2LIV10R R3LIV10R R5LIV10R R6LIV10R R7LIV10R R8LIV10R R9LIV10R

R2LIV10R:W2 R3LIV10R:W3 R5LIV10R:W5 R6LIV10R:W6 R7LIV10R:W7 R8LIV10R:W8 R9LIV10R:W9

Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob

live live live live live live live

80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100

/ / / / / / /

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 5 6 7 8 9

S2LIV10R S3LIV10R S5LIV10R S6LIV10R S7LIV10R S8LIV10R S9LIV10R

S2LIV10R:W2 S3LIV10R:W3 S5LIV10R:W5 S6LIV10R:W6 S7LIV10R:W7 S8LIV10R:W8 S9LIV10R:W9

Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob Rprob

live live live live live live live

80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100

/ / / / / / /

LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab LfTab

prob prob prob prob prob prob prob

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1LIV85 R2LIV85 R3LIV85 R4LIV85

11740 10163 9583 9303

43.470 42.019 45.160 43.538

32.276 31.276 33.163 31.891

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

S1LIV85 S2LIV85 S3LIV85 S4LIV85

9133 7755 7219 6897

43.620 42.049 45.328 43.327

31.823 30.812 32.626 31.306

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

R2LIV10

6141

43.185

34.847

0.000

100.000

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

920

R3LIV10 R5LIV10 R6LIV10 R7LIV10 R8LIV10 R9LIV10

5338 15579 14422 16780 15467 14450

50.244 49.565 48.635 49.039 45.303 48.286

32.882 31.821 32.082 32.347 32.154 31.726

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

S2LIV10 S3LIV10 S5LIV10 S6LIV10 S7LIV10 S8LIV10 S9LIV10

3423 2929 10469 9542 11137 10171 9300

45.885 52.437 50.850 50.250 50.273 46.402 49.234

33.936 31.673 31.038 31.093 31.613 31.355 30.462

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

R2LIV10A R3LIV10A R5LIV10A R6LIV10A R7LIV10A R8LIV10A R9LIV10A

7930 6803 19142 17605 19431 17948 16675

89.117 88.829 83.930 84.259 83.901 86.316 86.563

5.633 5.571 6.009 6.128 5.996 5.198 5.361

80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

S2LIV10A S3LIV10A S5LIV10A S6LIV10A S7LIV10A S8LIV10A S9LIV10A

4293 3552 12667 11502 12699 11658 10564

87.505 87.240 82.780 83.093 82.902 85.586 85.822

5.460 5.332 4.958 5.105 5.044 4.429 4.673

80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

R1LIV85P R2LIV85P R3LIV85P R4LIV85P

12651 11419 10964 21384

37.444 37.867 39.214 49.637

8.856 8.336 7.922 18.165

24.123 24.416 25.471 26.851

100.000 88.432 100.000 100.000

S1LIV85P S2LIV85P S3LIV85P S4LIV85P

9900 8739 8306 13978

36.827 37.167 38.525 45.133

8.816 8.313 7.939 14.329

24.123 24.416 25.471 26.851

100.000 88.432 100.000 100.000

R2LIV10P R3LIV10P R5LIV10P R6LIV10P R7LIV10P R8LIV10P R9LIV10P

7930 6803 19142 17605 19431 17948 16675

34.606 38.593 49.334 49.941 52.330 44.552 44.288

19.117 19.383 18.154 18.667 17.897 16.903 17.401

1.879 2.646 1.760 3.529 4.118 3.975 1.621

91.351 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

S2LIV10P S3LIV10P S5LIV10P S6LIV10P S7LIV10P S8LIV10P S9LIV10P

4293 3552 12667 11502 12699 11658 10564

37.767 41.653 51.596 52.217 54.218 45.368 45.205

19.816 19.799 15.720 16.325 15.711 15.369 16.034

1.879 2.646 1.760 3.529 4.118 3.975 3.408

91.351 100.000 100.000 75.445 100.000 82.282 100.000

R1LIV85R R2LIV85R R3LIV85R R4LIV85R

11739 10162 9583 9303

1.202 1.144 1.177 1.116

0.953 0.900 0.903 0.849

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

3.979 4.067 3.766 3.620

S1LIV85R

9133

1.223

0.954

0.000

3.979

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

921

S2LIV85R S3LIV85R S4LIV85R

7755 7219 6897

1.163 1.201 1.125

0.902 0.903 0.846

0.000 0.000 0.000

4.067 3.637 3.620

R2LIV10R R3LIV10R R5LIV10R R6LIV10R R7LIV10R R8LIV10R R9LIV10R

6141 5338 15554 14422 16780 15467 14450

1.867 1.795 1.228 1.146 1.068 1.168 1.288

3.489 2.856 1.763 1.497 1.262 1.454 1.625

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

46.979 37.789 31.557 25.503 24.282 24.558 24.282

S2LIV10R S3LIV10R S5LIV10R S6LIV10R S7LIV10R S8LIV10R S9LIV10R

3423 2929 10462 9542 11137 10171 9300

1.770 1.704 1.140 1.093 1.024 1.139 1.259

3.269 2.659 1.480 1.276 1.068 1.286 1.501

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

46.979 37.789 31.557 25.503 21.853 24.558 21.853

General Comments: Questions about probability of living to a given age vary between the Ahead and Hrs entry cohorts in Waves 2 and 3, due to the difference in the age of the respondents. Thus Ahead respondents are not asked about living to age 75, since most of them are close to or past that age at the first interview. So for the Ahead entry cohort in Waves 2A and 3A, RwLIV75 and related variables (RwLIV75R, RwLIV75C, and RwLIV75F) are set to .Q to indicate that the information is not available. If an Ahead respondent is 75 or younger, RwLIV75P is set for them; if older than 75, RwLIV75P is set to 100. In Waves 1, 2H, 3H, and 4 questions ask the respondent the probability of living to age 85. In Wave 4, few of the Ahead respondents are young enough to be asked this question. To accommodate older respondents, in Waves 2A, 3A, and from Wave 5 forward the question does not always ask the probability of living to age 85, but asks the probability of living to an age from 80 to 100, depending on the respondent's age. From Wave 5 on, the wording depends on the respondent's age at the interview. In Waves 2A and 3A, the wording depends on birth year and is the same in both waves, even though respondents are usually two years older in Wave 3A. So the age used to determine question wording, in these waves, is age in 1993. These two different versions of the variables are named differently to alert the user to the inconsistencies in the questions. The Wave 1, 2H, 3H, and 4 variables are named RwLIV85, RwLIV85P, and RwLIV85R, while the Wave 2A, 3A, and from Wave 5 forward variables are named RwLIV10 (for 10 or so more years), RwLIV10P, and RwLIV10R. Changes in these probabilities from those given in a previous wave are used to measure change in health status in variables RwLIV75C, RwLIV85C, and R2LIV8XC. If the change uses requires the use of RwLIV10R in the current or previous wave, then it is assigned to RwLIV8XC. If it uses RwLIV85R in both waves, it is assigned to RwLIV85C. For Ahead respondents in Waves 2 and 3 (2A and 3A), RwLIV85, RwLIV85P, RwLIV85R, RwLIV85C, and RwLIV85F are set to .Q to indicate that this information is unavailable for this cohort in these waves. In addition R4LIV85C and R4LIV85F are set to .Q for these cases, since the information is not available from a prior wave. For HRS respondents in Waves 2 and 3 (2H and 3H), RwLIV10, RwLIV10P, RwLIV10R, RwLIV8XC, and RwLIV8XF are set to .Q to indicate that these are inapplicable or unavailable for this cohort in these waves. In addition R4LIV8XC and R4LIV8XF are set to .Q for these cases, since the prior wave information is completely based on RwLIV85 information.

How Constructed: RwLIV85 is the respondent's self-reported probability of living to age 85. For Waves 2A, 3A and from Wave 5 forward the variable measures the self-reported probability of living about another 10 years, and the name of the variables (RwLIV10) reflects this change. Except in Wave 8, for

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

922

respondents who are under 70 years old at the particular wave, RwLIV10 is the self-reported probability of living to age 80; for those 70 to 74, it is the probability of living to age 85; and so on. From Wave 8 forward, respondents under 65 are asked about living to age 85 and those from 65 to 69 are asked about living to age 80. RwLIV10A gives the specific age used in the question, which ranges from 80 to 100, in Waves 2, 3, and Wave 5 forward. In Waves 1 and 4, the question asked about age 85 in all cases. RwLIV85P is the implied probability from the Vital Statistics life tables that someone of the respondent's age and gender will live to be 85. RwLIV10P is the implied probability that someone of the respondent's age and gender will live to be the age used in the Wave 5 question. The life tables used are the annual life tables for the year of the wave, e.g., the 1998 life table is used to derive R4LIV85P and the 2000 life table is used to derive R5LIV10P. As the 2004 life table is not yet available, the 2003 table is used for Wave 7. For Waves 3A and 3H, an alternate set of life tables, similar to those from the NCHS web page but providing estimates beyond age 85, were taken from the Berkeley Mortality Database. The probability of survival is calculated as the number surviving at age 85 (or 90, 95, or 100) divided by the number surviving to R's age, for males or females, as appropriate. RwLIV85R is the ratio between RwLIV85 and RwLIV85P. RwLIV10R is the ratio between RwLIV10 and RwLIV10P. SwLIV85, SwLIV85P, SwLIV85R, SwLIV10, SwLIV10P, and SwLIV10R provide this information for the respondent's spouse or partner. In the question preceding the one from which these variables are derived, which asks the chances of living to age 75, if R responds "absolutely no chance" (=0), this variable is set to the same. It is assumed that if the respondent reports no chance of living to age 75 that he/she would report no chance of living to an older age. If the analyst needs to know the cases where RwLIV85/10 is logically imputed using RwLIV75, s/he can simply check RwLIV75 for a value of zero. In Wave 1 the respondent's self-reported probability is given on a 0-10 scale. by 10 to derive a 0-100 scale consistent with that reported in other waves.

This is multiplied

Otherwise the derivation of RwLIV85 and RwLIV10 simply recodes missing values. It is set to .S if the question is skipped because the interview is by proxy. For Waves 2H to 4, it is set to .A if skipped because R is older than 75. In Wave 5, it is set to .A if skipped because R is older than 90. Note that in Wave 4, inappropriate skips (R is 66 to 75) appear as other missings (.M). RwLIV85P and RwLIV10P are calculated from the Vital Statistics life tables, using the respondent's age and gender, as the probability of living to the target age, 85 and the age used in the Wave 2A, 3A and 5 question, given that the respondent has lived to his/her current age. The calculation divides the total population at the target age by the total population at the respondent's current age. The derivation assigns the ratio, RwLIV85 / RwLIV85P, to RwLIV85R. RwLIV10P, to RwLIV10R.

It assigns the ratio, RwLIV10 /

The spouse variables are taken from the wave 'w' spouse's self-report, e.g., S3LIV85 is taken from the Wave 3 spouse's R3LIV85. Note this variable is also used to measure changes in health across waves. of this document for the relevant variables (e.g., RwLIV85C).

See the Health section

In Waves 2A and 3A, the data needed to derive R2LIV85, R2LIV85P, R2LIV85R, R3LIV85, R3LIV85P, and R3LIV85R are not collected. R2LIV85, R2LIV85P, R2LIV85R, R3LIV85, R3LIV85P, and R3LIV85R are set to .Q to indicate that this information is not available for Ahead respondents in these waves. In Waves 2H and 3H, the data needed to derive R2LIV10, R2LIV10P, R2LIV10R, R3LIV10, R3LIV10P, and R3LIV10R are not collected. R2LIV10, R2LIV10P, R2LIV10R, R3LIV10, R3LIV10P, and R3LIV10R are set to .Q to indicate that this information is not available for HRS respondents in these waves.

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

923

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In Waves 1 and 2H, the question is asked in the Cognition section. In subsequent waves it is asked in the Expectations section. It always follows a question that asks the chance that the respondent will live to be 75 or more. If R responds "absolutely no chance" to that question, this question is skipped. In Wave 1, the question asks: And how about the chances that you will live to be 85 or more? In Waves 2H to 4, the question is: What is the percent chance that you will live to be 85 or more? In Waves 2A, 3A and from Wave 5 forward, the question is changed to reflect the chance that R will live about another 10 years. The question wording depends on R's age: "What is the percent chance that you will live to be (80, 85, 90, 95, or 100) or more?". In Waves 2A, 3A, 5, 6, and 7 if R is 69 or less, it uses 80; if 70-74 it uses 85; if 75-79 it uses 90; if 80-84 it uses 95; and if 85-89 it uses 100. In Wave 8 if R is under 65, it uses 85; if 65-69 it uses 80; if 70-74 it uses 85; if 75-79 it uses 90; if 80-84 it uses 95; and if 85-89 it uses 100. In Wave 1, the responses are on a scale of 0 to 10, with 0 meaning absolutely no chance and 10 meaning absolutely no chance. In subsequent waves responses are scaled from 0 to 100. In all waves, the question is skipped if the interview is by proxy. In Waves 2H and 3H, this question is skipped if R is older than age 75. In Wave 4, the documentation indicates that the question is skipped if R is older than age 75, but in the data it appears that the question is skipped if R is older than 65. In Wave 2A, 3A and 5, this question is skipped if R is 90 or older. For Ahead respondents in Waves 2A and 3A, the information for R2LIV85, R2LIV85P, R2LIV85R, R3LIV85, R3LIV85P, and R3LIV85R are not available. For HRS respondents in Waves 2H and 3H, the information for R2LIV10, R2LIV10P, R2LIV10R, R3LIV10, R3LIV10P, and R3LIV10R are not available.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V5116 AHEAD 1993: B114 B1285 HRS 1994: W5840 AHEAD 1995: D373 D3788 HRS 1996: E3821 HRS 1998: F4607 HRS 2000: G1101 G5020 G514 HRS 2002: HA009 HA019 HP029 HRS 2004: JA009 JA019 JP029 HRS 2006:

L8:FUTR:WILL LIVE TO 85+ A1. BIRTH YEAR H7. EXPECT LIVE TO AGE C7.CHANCE LIVE TO 85 R BIRTH YEAR H2.EXP:LIVE 5 YR H9. CHANCE LIVE TO 85 H12. CHANCE LIVE TO 85 A21Y1.R-CURRENT AGE H12. CHANCE LIVE TO 85 CS1A.PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW R CURRENT AGE CALCULATION CHANCE R WILL LIVE TO 80/85/90/95/100 PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW R CURRENT AGE CALCULATION CHANCE R WILL LIVE TO 80/85/90/95/100

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

KA009 KA019 KP029 HRS 2008: LA009 LA019 LP029

PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW R CURRENT AGE CALCULATION CHANCE R WILL LIVE TO 80/85/90/95/100 PROXY/SELF INTERVIEW R CURRENT AGE CALCULATION CHANCE R WILL LIVE TO 80/85/90/95/100

924

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

925

Categorical risk aversion: based on the set of “income gamble” questions Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 4 5 6 7 8

R1RISK R4RISK R5RISK R6RISK R7RISK R8RISK

R1RISK:W1 R4RISK:W4 R5RISK:W5 R6RISK:W6 R7RISK:W7 R8RISK:W8

R R R R R R

Income Income Income Income Income Income

Risk Risk Risk Risk Risk Risk

Aversion Aversion Aversion Aversion Aversion Aversion

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 4 5 6 7 8

S1RISK S4RISK S5RISK S6RISK S7RISK S8RISK

S1RISK:W1 S4RISK:W4 S5RISK:W5 S6RISK:W6 S7RISK:W7 S8RISK:W8

S S S S S S

Income Income Income Income Income Income

Risk Risk Risk Risk Risk Risk

Aversion Aversion Aversion Aversion Aversion Aversion

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

4 5 6 7 8

R4RISK6 R5RISK6 R6RISK6 R7RISK6 R8RISK6

R4RISK6:W4 R5RISK6:W5 R6RISK6:W6 R7RISK6:W7 R8RISK6:W8

R R R R R

Income Income Income Income Income

Risk Risk Risk Risk Risk

Avers/6-categ Avers/6-categ Avers/6-categ Avers/6-categ Avers/6-categ

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

4 5 6 7 8

S4RISK6 S5RISK6 S6RISK6 S7RISK6 S8RISK6

S4RISK6:W4 S5RISK6:W5 S6RISK6:W6 S7RISK6:W7 S8RISK6:W8

S S S S S

Income Income Income Income Income

Risk Risk Risk Risk Risk

Avers/6-categ Avers/6-categ Avers/6-categ Avers/6-categ Avers/6-categ

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1RISK R4RISK R5RISK R6RISK R7RISK R8RISK

11707 5149 1375 6143 2974 6443

3.280 3.252 3.307 3.285 3.279 3.321

1.091 1.094 1.066 1.063 1.055 1.038

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

S1RISK S4RISK S5RISK S6RISK S7RISK S8RISK

9086 3599 865 4582 2070 4734

3.290 3.256 3.312 3.268 3.301 3.336

1.081 1.082 1.054 1.067 1.039 1.023

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000

R4RISK6 R5RISK6 R6RISK6 R7RISK6 R8RISK6

5117 1359 6095 2956 6414

4.637 4.726 4.660 4.636 4.704

1.586 1.537 1.541 1.508 1.480

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000

S4RISK6 S5RISK6 S6RISK6 S7RISK6

3582 859 4548 2058

4.638 4.710 4.626 4.663

1.552 1.513 1.541 1.488

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

6.000 6.000 6.000 6.000

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

S8RISK6

4712

926

4.716

1.455

1.000

6.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------| .A: 65+,not asked | .B:Skip, not selected | .C:Cohort skipped | .D:DK | .M:other missing | .R:Refuse | .S:Skip,proxy | 1.Least risk averse | 2.3rd most risk averse | 3.2nd most risk averse | 4.Most risk averse |

R1RISK

R4RISK

R5RISK 15927

642 1503 1279 1358 7567

8631 4984 304 123 150 2043 705 483 773 3188

144 3 68 2062 171 122 196 886

360 20 137 2036 752 591 955 3845

Value-------------------------| .A: 65+,not asked | .B:Skip, not selected | .C:Cohort skipped | .D:DK | .M:other missing | .R:Refuse | .S:Skip,proxy | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Least risk averse | 2.3rd most risk averse | 3.2nd most risk averse | 4.Most risk averse |

S1RISK

S4RISK

S5RISK

S6RISK 5370

6306 2365 148 76 77 1407 6869 537 475 337 577 2210

10358

Value-------------------------| .A: 65+,not asked | .B:Skip, not selected | .C:Cohort skipped | .D:DK | .M:other missing | .R:Refuse | .S:Skip,proxy | 1.Least risk averse | 2.2nd least risk averse | 3.3rd least risk averse | 4.3rd most risk averse | 5.2nd most risk averse | 6.Most risk averse |

R4RISK6

R5RISK6

8631 4984 335 123 151 2043 323 375 483 773 863 2300

15927 160 3 68 2062 71 95 122 196 239 636

406 20 139 2036 363 378 591 955 1160 2648

Value-------------------------| .A: 65+,not asked | .B:Skip, not selected | .C:Cohort skipped | .D:DK | .M:other missing | .R:Refuse | .S:Skip,proxy | .U=Unmar | .V=Sp NR | 1.Least risk averse | 2.2nd least risk averse | 3.3rd least risk averse | 4.3rd most risk averse | 5.2nd most risk averse | 6.Most risk averse |

S4RISK6

S5RISK6

S6RISK6 5370

6306 2365 165 76 77 1407 6869 537 196 275 337 577 633 1564

10358

109 194

77 126 611 2373 379 1128 988 1088 5882

59 38 1410 6538 311 106 69 139 551

65 38 1410 6538 311 40 66 69 139 159 386

R6RISK 9471

233 11 86 1359 6306 220 564 465 734 2819 R6RISK6 9471

265 11 88 1359 6306 220 273 284 465 734 883 1909

R7RISK

15198 96 15 44 1802 361 271 519 1823 S7RISK

9616 57 3 23 1203 6777 380 242 172 376 1280 R7RISK6

15198 113 15 45 1802 157 199 271 519 601 1209 S7RISK6

9616 68 3 24 1203 6777 380 105 133 172 376 427 845

R8RISK 10385

297 23 61 1260 713 628 980 4122 S8RISK 5951

201 14 43 792 6417 317 497 455 741 3041 R8RISK6 10385

325 23 62 1260 283 426 628 980 1349 2748 S8RISK6 5951

222 14 44 792 6417 317 192 303 455 741 1029 1992

How Constructed: In these questions R is asked to choose between pairs of jobs where one guarantees current family income and the other offers a chance to increase income but also carries the risk of loss of

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

927

income. If R says he/she would take the risk, the same scenario but with riskier odds is presented. If R says he/she would not take the risk, the same scenario with less risky odds is asked. In Wave 1, the pair of jobs presented are a hypothetical current job and a new one. From Wave 4 forward, the pair of jobs presented are both new jobs, given that R will need to move and find a new job. These questions are not asked in Waves 2 and 3. The variable RwRISK is set using the following four levels, listed from least to most risk-averse: 1. R would take a job with even chances of doubling income or cutting it in half. 2. R would take a job with even chances of doubling income or cutting it by a third. 3. R would take a job with even chances of doubling income or cutting it 20%. 4. R would take or stay in the job that guaranteed current income given any of the above alternatives. From Waves 4 forward, additional questions are asked that allow two more categories: 1a. Less risk-averse than 1 above: R would take a job with even chances of doubling income or cutting it by 75%. 4a. Between categories 3 and 4 above: R would take a job with even chances of doubling income or cutting it by 10%. These additional categories are used to derive RwRISK6. To allow comparison with Wave 1, RwRISK6 is recoded to the 4-category RwRISK variable. Respondents in category 1a are considered least risk-averse and those in 3a are considered most risk-averse in RwRISK. Thus codes 1 and 2 in RwRISK6 variable correspond to 1, codes 5 and 6 in RwRISK6 correspond to 4, and, codes 3 and 4 in RwRISK6 correspond to 2 and 3, respectively, in RwRISK. These questions are not asked if the interview is by proxy. RwRISK and RwRISK6 are set to .S for proxy interviews. From Wave 4 forward, respondents are selected to answer these questions or not, based on a combination of their cohort, age, and/or random selection. Please see the "Cross Wave Differences" for the variations across waves. If R is not asked these questions by interview design, then RwRISK and RwRISK6 are set to .A, .B, or .C if skipped because of age, random selection, or cohort, respectively. The spouse variable is taken from the Wave 1 spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's R1RISK.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In wave 1 the question wording is: Suppose that you are the only income earner in the family, and you have a good job guaranteed to give you your current (family) income every year for life. You are given the opportunity to take a new and equally good job, with a 50-50 chance it will double your (family) income and a 50-50 chance that it will cut your (family) income by a third. Would you take the new job? If yes, then: Suppose the chances were 50-50 that it would double your (family) income, and 50-50 that it would cut it in half. Would you still take the new job? If no, then: Suppose the chances were 50-50 that it would double your (family) income and 50-50 that it would cut it by 20 percent. Would you then take the new job? In Waves 2 and 3, these questions are not asked. From Wave 4 forward the question wording is: Suppose that you are the only income earner in the family. Your doctor recommends that you move because of allergies, and you have to choose between two possible jobs. The first would guarantee your current total family income for life. The second

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

928

is possibly better paying, but the income is also less certain. There is a 50-50 chance the second job would double your total lifetime income and a 50-50 chance that it would cut it by a third. Which job would you take -- the first job or the second job? If first job is chosen in the first question, then: Suppose the chances were 50-50 that the second job would double your lifetime income and 50-50 that it would cut it by twenty percent. Would you take the first job or the second job? If first job is chosen in the second question again, then: Suppose the chances were 50-50 that the second job would double your lifetime income and 50-50 that it would cut it by 10 percent. Would you take the first job or the second job? If second job is chosen in the first question, then: Suppose the chances were 50-50 that the second job would double your lifetime income, and 50-50 that it would cut it in half. Would you take the first job or the second job? If second job is chosen in the second question again, then: Suppose the chances were 50-50 that the second job would double your lifetime income and 50-50 that it would cut it by seventy-five percent. Would you take the first job or the second job? In all waves these questions are skipped if the interview is by proxy. these questions varies across waves.

Otherwise the sample asked

In Wave 1, all self-reporting respondents are asked these questions. In Wave 4, AHEAD cohort respondents are not asked, but all self-reporting CODA and War Babies respondents are, along with all new HRS cohort spouses. One of ten HRS cohort respondents is also randomly selected for these questions. In Wave 5, the questionnaire indicates that respondents are selected based on whether they were asked the question in 1998 and their experimental module assignment in 1996, in addition to random selection among those under 65. But the criteria involving 1998 and 1996 does not appear to be accurate, nor is the selection based on age. It appears instead that one of twelve respondents is randomly selected for these questions, regardless of age. All entry cohort subsamples are eligible for selection. In Waves 6 and 8 if person is 65 or older the questions are skipped. Otherwise, all other selfreporting respondents are asked these questions. In Wave 7 only the new EBB cohort is asked the questions. In Wave 9, these questions are not asked.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V5122 V5123 HRS 1998: F4560 F4614 F4615 F4616 F4617 F4618 HRS 2000: G220 G5027 G5033 G5034 G5035 G5036 HRS 2002:

L14:TAKE CHANCE NEW JOB L14A:B:CHANCE NEW JOB RISK AVERSION RANDOM NUMBER H18. RISK AVERSION-1 H18A. RISK AVERSION-2 H18B. RISK AVERSION-3 H18C. RISK AVERSION-4 H18D. RISK AVERSION-5 PR220.PREV WAVE MODULE # - UPDATED H18. RISK AVERSION-1 H18A. RISK AVERSION-2 H18B. RISK AVERSION-3 H18C. RISK AVERSION-4 H18D. RISK AVERSION-5

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

HP036 HP037 HP038 HP039 HP040 HRS 2004: JP036 JP037 JP038 JP039 JP040 HRS 2006: KP036 KP037 KP038 KP039 KP040

929

RISK RISK RISK RISK RISK

AVERSION AVERSION AVERSION AVERSION AVERSION

ON ON ON ON ON

THE THE THE THE THE

JOB JOB JOB JOB JOB

-

1 2 3 4 5

RISK RISK RISK RISK RISK

AVERSION AVERSION AVERSION AVERSION AVERSION

ON ON ON ON ON

THE THE THE THE THE

JOB JOB JOB JOB JOB

-

1 2 3 4 5

RISK RISK RISK RISK RISK

AVERSION AVERSION AVERSION AVERSION AVERSION

ON ON ON ON ON

THE THE THE THE THE

JOB JOB JOB JOB JOB

-

1 2 3 4 5

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

930

Financial planning horizon Wave Variable

Label

Type

1 4 5 6 7 8

R1FINPLN R4FINPLN R5FINPLN R6FINPLN R7FINPLN R8FINPLN

R1FINPLN:W1 R4FINPLN:W4 R5FINPLN:W5 R6FINPLN:W6 R7FINPLN:W7 R8FINPLN:W8

R R R R R R

Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial

planning planning planning planning planning planning

horizon horizon horizon horizon horizon horizon

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

1 4 5 6 7 8

S1FINPLN S4FINPLN S5FINPLN S6FINPLN S7FINPLN S8FINPLN

S1FINPLN:W1 S4FINPLN:W4 S5FINPLN:W5 S6FINPLN:W6 S7FINPLN:W7 S8FINPLN:W8

S S S S S S

Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial

planning planning planning planning planning planning

horizon horizon horizon horizon horizon horizon

Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ Categ

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R1FINPLN R4FINPLN R5FINPLN R6FINPLN R7FINPLN R8FINPLN

11626 5255 1451 6325 17004 16205

2.979 3.181 3.098 3.147 2.968 3.023

1.225 1.286 1.264 1.243 1.267 1.251

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

S1FINPLN S4FINPLN S5FINPLN S6FINPLN S7FINPLN S8FINPLN

9051 3630 907 4706 11174 10463

3.036 3.293 3.168 3.223 3.089 3.168

1.202 1.225 1.234 1.206 1.228 1.199

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000 5.000

Categorical Variable Codes Value-------------------------|R1FINPLN .A: 65+,not asked | .B:Skip, not selected | .C:Cohort skipped | .D:DK | 147 .M:other missing | 238 .R:Refuse | .S:Skip,proxy | 641 1. Next few months | 2187 2. Next year | 1257 3. Next few years | 3832 4. Next 5-10 years | 3317 5. Longer than 10 years | 1033

R4FINPLN R5FINPLN R6FINPLN R7FINPLN R8FINPLN 9471 8631 15927 4984 272 108 260 1074 879 123 3 20 80 18 76 28 55 169 107 2043 2062 2036 1802 1260 902 254 989 3235 2821 515 167 738 2416 2312 1301 378 1734 4808 4463 1803 487 2081 4746 4893 734 165 783 1799 1716

Value-------------------------|S1FINPLN .A: 65+,not asked | .B:Skip, not selected | .C:Cohort skipped | .D:DK | 90 .M:other missing | 149 .R:Refuse | .S:Skip,proxy | 610

S4FINPLN S5FINPLN S6FINPLN S7FINPLN S8FINPLN 5370 6306 10358 2365 162 42 161 489 425 76 11 27 5 32 13 34 79 50 1407 1410 1359 1203 792

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

.U=Unmar .V=Sp NR 1. Next few months 2. Next year 3. Next few years 4. Next 5-10 years 5. Longer than 10 years

| | | | | | |

931

2373 379 1523 980 3029 2688 831

6869 537 497 326 950 1329 528

6538 311 140 100 241 320 106

6306 220 627 526 1330 1616 607

6777 380 1741 1488 3247 3433 1265

6417 317 1420 1315 3019 3501 1208

How Constructed: RwFINPLN simply recodes missings from the HRS variable. It is set to .S if skipped because the interview is by proxy. RwFINPLN is set to .S when the question is skipped because the interview is by proxy. In Waves 4 and 5, respondents are selected to answer this question or not, based on a combination of their cohort and random selection. If R is not asked this question by interview design, then RwFINPLN is set to .B or .C, indicating selection based on random selection or cohort, respectively. In Wave 6, this question is not asked if R is 65 or older. If skipped due to R's age, RwFINPLN is set to .A. In Waves 7 and 8, the question is asked of all self-reporting respondents. The spouse variable is taken from the Wave ‘w’ spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's RwFINPLN.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data In all waves this question is skipped if the interview is by proxy. this question varies across waves.

Otherwise the sample asked

In Wave 1, all self-reporting respondents are asked this question. In Waves 2 and 3, these questions are not asked. In Wave 4, AHEAD cohort respondents are not asked, but all self-reporting CODA and War Babies respondents are, along with all new HRS cohort spouses. One of ten HRS cohort respondents is also randomly selected for these questions. In Wave 5, the questionnaire indicates that respondents are selected based on whether they were asked the question in 1998 and their experimental module assignment in 1996, in addition to random selection among those under 65. But the criteria involving 1998 and 1996 does not appear to be accurate, nor is the selection based on age. It appears instead that one of twelve respondents is randomly selected for these questions, regardless of age. All entry cohort subsamples are eligible for selection. In Wave 6 if person is 65 or older the questions are skipped. Otherwise, all other self-reporting respondents are asked this question. In Waves 7 and 8, all respondents are asked this question. In Wave 9, this question is not asked.

HRS Variables Used HRS 1992: V5124 HRS 1998: F4560 F4619 HRS 2000:

L15:IMPORT FIN PLAN TIME RISK AVERSION RANDOM NUMBER H19. PLANNING/SAVING/SPENDING

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

G220 G5037 HRS 2002: HP041 HRS 2004: JP041 HRS 2006: KP041

PR220.PREV WAVE MODULE # - UPDATED H19. PLANNING/SAVING/SPENDING FAM FINANCIAL TIMELINE - SAVE/SPEND/PLAN FAM FINANCIAL TIMELINE - SAVE/SPEND/PLAN FAM FINANCIAL TIMELINE - SAVE/SPEND/PLAN

932

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

933

Self-reported probability of receiving an inheritance Wave Variable

Label

Type

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R2INHER R3INHER R4INHER R5INHER R6INHER R7INHER R8INHER

R2INHER:W2 R3INHER:W3 R4INHER:W4 R5INHER:W5 R6INHER:W6 R7INHER:W7 R8INHER:W8

R R R R R R R

Prob Prob Prob Prob Prob Prob Prob

inheritance inheritance inheritance inheritance inheritance inheritance inheritance

nxt nxt nxt nxt nxt nxt nxt

10 10 10 10 10 10 10

yr yr yr yr yr yr yr

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

S2INHER S3INHER S4INHER S5INHER S6INHER S7INHER S8INHER

S2INHER:W2 S3INHER:W3 S4INHER:W4 S5INHER:W5 S6INHER:W6 S7INHER:W7 S8INHER:W8

S S S S S S S

Prob Prob Prob Prob Prob Prob Prob

inheritance inheritance inheritance inheritance inheritance inheritance inheritance

nxt nxt nxt nxt nxt nxt nxt

10 10 10 10 10 10 10

yr yr yr yr yr yr yr

Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont Cont

Descriptive Statistics Variable

N

Mean

Std Dev

Minimum

Maximum

R2INHER R3INHER R4INHER R5INHER R6INHER R7INHER R8INHER

10480 9965 18687 16881 15558 17817 16538

21.497 20.258 14.068 14.019 12.349 13.858 14.385

34.249 34.369 30.108 29.718 28.304 29.160 29.693

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

S2INHER S3INHER S4INHER S5INHER S6INHER S7INHER S8INHER

7943 7472 12252 11020 10019 11534 10596

23.281 22.155 17.113 17.204 15.118 16.664 18.055

35.195 35.564 32.557 32.237 30.810 31.486 32.484

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

How Constructed: This question is not asked in Wave 1, 2A or 3A. From Wave 2H forward, R's self-reported probability is given on a 0-100 scale. RwINHER simply recodes missing values. It is set to .S if the question is skipped because the interview is by proxy. The spouse variable is taken from the wave 'w' spouse's self-report, i.e., from the spouse's RwINHER. In Waves 2A and 3A, the data needed to derive R2INHER and R3INHER are not collected. R2INHER and R3INHER are set to .Q to indicate that this information is not available for Ahead respondents in these waves.

Cross Wave Differences in Original HRS Data The question is not asked in Wave 1, 2A or 3A. In Wave 2H it is asked in the Cognition section. From Wave 3H forward, it is asked in the Expectations section.

Section I: Retirement Plans,Expectations

934

Through Wave 7, the question asks: And how about the chances that you will receive an inheritance within the next 10 years? In Wave 8, the question changes, particularly for those in a couple household. It is: (Noth counting anything you might give or leave to each other,) what are the chances that you (or your [husband/wife/partner])will receive an inheritance during the next 10 years? For Ahead respondents in Waves 2A and 3A, the information for R2INHER and R3INHER are not available. In Wave 9, this question is not asked.